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75,566,883 | Hirschy Zarchi | Hirschy Zarchi is an American rabbi and shaliach for the Chabad Hasidic Jewish movement. Since 1997, he has been the founder and head of the Chabad house at Harvard University, one of the largest Chabad campus operations in the United States. He is also Jewish chaplain for students and alumni of Harvard.
Zarchi was born in Crown Heights, Brooklyn in 1973. Zarchi graduated from Oholei Torah and Rabbinical College of America yeshivas and received rabbinical ordination from Central Lubavitch Yeshiva in 1994.
Zarchi was dispatched as a shaliach for the Chabad Hasidic Jewish movement to Boston in the 1990s. Initially, he was based in Harvard Square, encouraging Jewish men to put on tefillin. In 1997, he married Elkie, and later that year they established a Chabad house at Harvard University. Rabbi Zarchi became a recognized campus chaplain in 2003. The Harvard Chabad dedicated a new building in 2003.
In 2006, Zarchi organized a 650-student Shabbat dinner in Annenberg Hall, the largest Shabbat dinner in the history of Harvard. The dinner was attended by the then-president of Harvard Larry Summers, who noted Harvard's legacy of discriminatory Jewish quotas. Later on, Harvard Chabad began to annually host SHABBAT1000, a Shabbat dinner on campus for over 1,000 people- including students, faculty, alumni, and others. As rabbi, Zarchi has become friends with Jewish students at Harvard, including Jared Kushner and Josh Kushner.
Zarchi's position was endowed with a $5 million donation in 2022. The donation would supplement the Chabad house's $9 million annual budget, one of the largest campus Chabad operations in the United States. EJewish Philanthropy described the Harvard chabad as a "citywide Jewish empire" with four Chabad center for students, four preschools, and a Jewish day school.
In the aftermath of the 2023 Hamas attack on Israel, Zarchi and investor Bill Ackman organized a showing of Bearing Witness, which showed scenes of extreme violence recorded during and after the incursion, on the Harvard campus, to approximately 150 Harvard affiliate and members of the Cambridge community. The showing was the first campus audience to view the film. While Judaism generally discourages the viewing of murder, Zarchi stated that there was an exception if "it will have the effect of preserving life."
During a Hanukkah menorah lighting at Widener Library in 2023, Zarchi criticized Harvard's stance on antisemitism and described "an atmosphere of fear for Jewish students" while speaking in front of Harvard president Claudine Gay. Zarchi revealed that Harvard does not allow Chabad to keep the menorah displayed overnight due to fears of vandalism. Gay was broadly criticized during the 2023 United States Congress hearings on antisemitism, for not doing enough to condemn and combat antisemitism on Harvard's campus. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Hirschy Zarchi is an American rabbi and shaliach for the Chabad Hasidic Jewish movement. Since 1997, he has been the founder and head of the Chabad house at Harvard University, one of the largest Chabad campus operations in the United States. He is also Jewish chaplain for students and alumni of Harvard.",
"title": ""
},
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"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Zarchi was born in Crown Heights, Brooklyn in 1973. Zarchi graduated from Oholei Torah and Rabbinical College of America yeshivas and received rabbinical ordination from Central Lubavitch Yeshiva in 1994.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Zarchi was dispatched as a shaliach for the Chabad Hasidic Jewish movement to Boston in the 1990s. Initially, he was based in Harvard Square, encouraging Jewish men to put on tefillin. In 1997, he married Elkie, and later that year they established a Chabad house at Harvard University. Rabbi Zarchi became a recognized campus chaplain in 2003. The Harvard Chabad dedicated a new building in 2003.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 2006, Zarchi organized a 650-student Shabbat dinner in Annenberg Hall, the largest Shabbat dinner in the history of Harvard. The dinner was attended by the then-president of Harvard Larry Summers, who noted Harvard's legacy of discriminatory Jewish quotas. Later on, Harvard Chabad began to annually host SHABBAT1000, a Shabbat dinner on campus for over 1,000 people- including students, faculty, alumni, and others. As rabbi, Zarchi has become friends with Jewish students at Harvard, including Jared Kushner and Josh Kushner.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Zarchi's position was endowed with a $5 million donation in 2022. The donation would supplement the Chabad house's $9 million annual budget, one of the largest campus Chabad operations in the United States. EJewish Philanthropy described the Harvard chabad as a \"citywide Jewish empire\" with four Chabad center for students, four preschools, and a Jewish day school.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In the aftermath of the 2023 Hamas attack on Israel, Zarchi and investor Bill Ackman organized a showing of Bearing Witness, which showed scenes of extreme violence recorded during and after the incursion, on the Harvard campus, to approximately 150 Harvard affiliate and members of the Cambridge community. The showing was the first campus audience to view the film. While Judaism generally discourages the viewing of murder, Zarchi stated that there was an exception if \"it will have the effect of preserving life.\"",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "During a Hanukkah menorah lighting at Widener Library in 2023, Zarchi criticized Harvard's stance on antisemitism and described \"an atmosphere of fear for Jewish students\" while speaking in front of Harvard president Claudine Gay. Zarchi revealed that Harvard does not allow Chabad to keep the menorah displayed overnight due to fears of vandalism. Gay was broadly criticized during the 2023 United States Congress hearings on antisemitism, for not doing enough to condemn and combat antisemitism on Harvard's campus.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | Hirschy Zarchi is an American rabbi and shaliach for the Chabad Hasidic Jewish movement. Since 1997, he has been the founder and head of the Chabad house at Harvard University, one of the largest Chabad campus operations in the United States. He is also Jewish chaplain for students and alumni of Harvard. | 2023-12-14T23:10:40Z | 2023-12-26T15:03:31Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hirschy_Zarchi |
75,566,887 | Royal London Yacht Club | The Royal London Yacht Club (RLYC) is a British yacht club. It is situated on the Parade in Cowes on the Isle of Wight in the United Kingdom. Formed in 1838, it is the sixth oldest Yacht Club in the United Kingdom.
Originally formed as The Arundel Yacht Club in the Strand, it became the London Yacht Club in 1845 and moved to Cowes in 1882.
The RLYC began in 1838 as an informal gathering of gentlemen who sailed their yachts on the River Thames. They moored their yachts on the river by the Arundel Steps, near the present site of Arundel Street and HQS Wellington. Without a permanent clubhouse, they met when off the water at the Coal Hole Tavern in Fountain Court alongside many other societies of the day.
After its formation, the club crew in standing and profile, and went through several changes of name and insignia.
When known as the Arundel Yacht Club, the club's ensign was a red flag with a white border, with the letters "AYC" on the field in white.
In 1845, the members changed the name to the "London Yacht Club" and adopted a new ensign - white, modelled after that of the Royal Navy but with a blue cross (as opposed to the Navy's red cross) and a gold star in the canton. The following year, the Lord Mayor unusually granted the use the Coat of arms of the City of London Corporation, which replaced the star in the canton.
Shortly after, the ensign changed again to when the Dowager Queen Adelaide gave the club royal patronage. The club became the "Royal London Yacht Club" and a warrant permitted the flying of a blue ensign defaced with the arms of the City of London.
In the 1860s, Victoria Embankment was built, which changed the waterfront of the Thames. Later, evidence suggests that in the early 1880s the public house formerly known as the Coal Hole where the club originally met was demolished.
Perhaps for this cause, in 1882 the RLYC re-located to Cowes on the Isle of Wight where it joined the Royal Yacht Squadron to become the second Cowes-based club. Two Georgian town houses on the Parade were leased; now with the party wall removed, they remain the clubhouse today with the combined staircase of the two houses forming a grand staircase to the club's drawing room.
In the early days of the club, it was involved in establishing rules for yacht racing. The club has long been associated with Metre Yachts and every summer since 2007 the club has organised Cowes Classics Week in the weeks prior to Cowes Week.
The RLYC cooperates with other clubs in Cowes to run racing throughout the season. It is part of Cowes Clubs and Classes Association, which coordinates weekend racing in Cowes between the other Yacht Clubs and dayboat class so that each club rotates the responsibility of organising racing on a given weekend with a consistent set of sailing instructions. The RLYC has long supported the running of Cowes Week, and to this day is nominally responsible for organising racing on the Monday
The club is also known for organising high-level regattas up to World Championship level, including the Tempest Class and Etchells Class in 2016. | [
{
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"text": "The Royal London Yacht Club (RLYC) is a British yacht club. It is situated on the Parade in Cowes on the Isle of Wight in the United Kingdom. Formed in 1838, it is the sixth oldest Yacht Club in the United Kingdom.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "Originally formed as The Arundel Yacht Club in the Strand, it became the London Yacht Club in 1845 and moved to Cowes in 1882.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "The RLYC began in 1838 as an informal gathering of gentlemen who sailed their yachts on the River Thames. They moored their yachts on the river by the Arundel Steps, near the present site of Arundel Street and HQS Wellington. Without a permanent clubhouse, they met when off the water at the Coal Hole Tavern in Fountain Court alongside many other societies of the day.",
"title": "History"
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"text": "After its formation, the club crew in standing and profile, and went through several changes of name and insignia.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "When known as the Arundel Yacht Club, the club's ensign was a red flag with a white border, with the letters \"AYC\" on the field in white.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In 1845, the members changed the name to the \"London Yacht Club\" and adopted a new ensign - white, modelled after that of the Royal Navy but with a blue cross (as opposed to the Navy's red cross) and a gold star in the canton. The following year, the Lord Mayor unusually granted the use the Coat of arms of the City of London Corporation, which replaced the star in the canton.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Shortly after, the ensign changed again to when the Dowager Queen Adelaide gave the club royal patronage. The club became the \"Royal London Yacht Club\" and a warrant permitted the flying of a blue ensign defaced with the arms of the City of London.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "In the 1860s, Victoria Embankment was built, which changed the waterfront of the Thames. Later, evidence suggests that in the early 1880s the public house formerly known as the Coal Hole where the club originally met was demolished.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Perhaps for this cause, in 1882 the RLYC re-located to Cowes on the Isle of Wight where it joined the Royal Yacht Squadron to become the second Cowes-based club. Two Georgian town houses on the Parade were leased; now with the party wall removed, they remain the clubhouse today with the combined staircase of the two houses forming a grand staircase to the club's drawing room.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "In the early days of the club, it was involved in establishing rules for yacht racing. The club has long been associated with Metre Yachts and every summer since 2007 the club has organised Cowes Classics Week in the weeks prior to Cowes Week.",
"title": "Racing"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "The RLYC cooperates with other clubs in Cowes to run racing throughout the season. It is part of Cowes Clubs and Classes Association, which coordinates weekend racing in Cowes between the other Yacht Clubs and dayboat class so that each club rotates the responsibility of organising racing on a given weekend with a consistent set of sailing instructions. The RLYC has long supported the running of Cowes Week, and to this day is nominally responsible for organising racing on the Monday",
"title": "Racing"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "The club is also known for organising high-level regattas up to World Championship level, including the Tempest Class and Etchells Class in 2016.",
"title": "Racing"
}
] | The Royal London Yacht Club (RLYC) is a British yacht club. It is situated on the Parade in Cowes on the Isle of Wight in the United Kingdom. Formed in 1838, it is the sixth oldest Yacht Club in the United Kingdom. Originally formed as The Arundel Yacht Club in the Strand, it became the London Yacht Club in 1845 and moved to Cowes in 1882. | 2023-12-14T23:11:12Z | 2023-12-19T04:47:20Z | [
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"Template:Authority control",
"Template:Short description"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_London_Yacht_Club |
75,566,896 | Fishing ranchos | Fishing ranchos were fishing stations located along the coast of Southwest Florida used by Spanish Cuban fishermen in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The Spanish fished the waters along the coast of Florida in the late fall and winter of each year, salting the fish, and then carrying the cured fish to Havana by the beginning of Lent. The Spanish fishermen hired Native Americans who lived along the coast as guides and to help with catching and curing the fish, and with sailing to Havana. The Spanish established fishing stations, called "ranchos", on islands along the coast as bases during the fishing season. The Native American workers lived year-round at the ranchos, or moved to the nearby mainland during the off-season to hunt and raise crops. Many of the Spanish fishermen eventually started living at their ranchos year-round. They married or formed relationships with Native American women, and their children grew up at the ranchos, so that many of the workers were mixed of Spanish and Native American descent. All of the residents of the ranchos spoke Spanish. One author has suggested that a Spanish-Native American creole society was forming in the ranchos by the second quarter of the 19th century. The fishermen also carried Native Americans from Florida to Havana and back on a regular basis.
The United States acquired Florida from Spain in 1821. Americans were suspicious of Seminole and Spanish Indian connections with the Spanish, believing that the Spanish were supplying the Native Americans with firearms and powder. Americans also suspected the fishing ranchos of harboring slaves that had escaped from American owners. The 1823 Treaty of Moultrie Creek required all Native Americans in peninsular Florida to move onto a reservation that had boundaries well inland from the coasts. The Native Americans associated with the fishing ranchos, and others who lived in southwest Florida, called Muspas or Spanish Indians, did not move to the reservation. During the Second Seminole War (1835–1842), the United States Army rounded up all of the residents of fishing ranchos, and sent almost all of them west with the Seminoles, including people who claimed to be Spanish.
Spanish fishing vessels from Cuba began fishing along the southwest coast of Florida by the 1680s with permission from the dominant people of that region, the Calusa. After the destruction of the Spanish mission system in northern Florida at the beginning of the 18th century, Yamassees and Muscogees raided far into the Florida peninsula, killing many of the Florida natives, and capturing others for sale as slaves. Most of the surviving Calusas and other Indigenous people evacuated to the Florida Keys between 1704 and 1711. By the 1740s, Cuban fishermen were employing guides and fishermen from the remaining Indigenous people then living in the Florida Keys. Continued raiding by Muscogees and their allies pushed the last Calusas out of Florida to Cuba.
The Cuban fishing fleet consisted of ten or twelve sailing vessels originally based in Regla, across Havana Bay from downtown Havana. The fishing season along the Florida coast was late fall and winter, October or November until February or March. The primary fishing area was the "Coast of Tampa", including the "Port of Tampa" (Tampa Bay) and the "Port of Sanibel" (Charlotte Harbor). Fishing also occurred in the Florida Keys and along the lower Atlantic coast of Florida. Mullet, drum, sea bass, pompano, sea trout, and other fish were preserved by drying or salting. Shark liver oil was collected, and mullet and drum roe was smoked. Vessels would return to Cuba in time for the Lenten season, when fish was in particular demand. In the off-season, the fishing vessels would carry salt from the salt pans at Cay Sal and Punta de Hicacos to Havana. The Spanish government required the fishermen to buy all the salt they used for preserviong fish from the government warehouse in Havana, where they paid four times as much for the salt as they had earned carrying the salt from the salt pans to Havana. By late in the 18th century, year-round fishing stations, known as ranchos, were established along the Florida coast between Tampa Bay and Estero Bay, and much of the fishing community eventually resided there year-round. José María Caldez claimed in 1833 that he had lived at his rancho on Useppa Island for 45 years. Caldez also claimed to have visited Useppa Island since before the American Revolution. Spanish records show Caldez as the captain of vessels carrying Indians to Cuba starting in 1805. Some of the heads of fishing ranchos applied for land grants in 1828 based on their occupation of their ranchos since before the transfer of Florida to the US.
Spanish fishing along the Florida coast continued through the British period in Florida, from 1763 until 1783. The British government was concerned that the Spanish fishing operations were a threat to British control of Florida. Governor James Grant was ordered to stop the Spanish fishing operations, but he did not enforce the order. A review of the fishing operations in 1767–1768 concluded that the fishing operations were not a threat to the British. Emisaries from the Lower Towns of the Muscogee Confederacy (whom the Spanish called the Province of Coweta, or the Uchise), travelled by fishing boat to Havana as early as 1766. In 1769 the British withdrew from the old Spanish fort at St. Marks, which was then seized by Tunape, chief of the Tallahassa Taloofa, a Muscogee -speaking town of the Muscogee Confederacy located at San Luis Talimali (in today's Tallahassee). Tunape proposed an arrangement with the Spanish, in which his tribe would hold St. Marks and all of the Florida coast between St. Augustine and Pensacola against the British in exchange for trade with Cuba, including guns and powder. Tunape also told the Spanish that another faction of the Muscogee Confederacy in Florida, the Cimarrones (the Alachua Seminoles, who were primarily Hitchiti-speaking), were allied with the British. The Spanish began supplying arms to the Muscogee Tallahassee in 1779, after Spain entered the American Revolutionary War against Britain. By the last quarter of the 18th century, the Muscogee-speaking towns in northern Florida and down the west coast of Florida, which were affiliated with the Lower Towns of the Muscogee Confederacy, and the Hitchiti spealing towns of the interior of Florida, commonly called "Seminole", were going seperate ways. Traffic between the west coast of Florida and Cuba grew until hundreds of Indians were visiting Cuba every year, transported in fishing boats from the ranchos. Spanish records include lists of names of Florida Indians that visited Cuba for most years between 1771 and 1823. The names can often be identified as Muscogee in origin.
Various peoples living in southwest Florida in the early 19th century were called Spanish Indians or Muspas. They lived in palmetto thatched huts, raised food in mainland farms, traded with Havana, and were in communication with other Seminole bands. While some of the Spanish Indians may have been descended from Calusas, historians have now concluded that, at least in the 19th century, most of those people were descendants of Muscogean people, who elsewhere in Florida became known as Seminoles.
The rancho fishermen hired Spanish Indians to help catch and cure fish for the Havana market. In 1831, by one account, four ranchos in the vicinity of Charlotte Harbor had as many as 300 residents total. Another account gave the population of ranchos between Tampa Bay and Charlotte Harbor in that year as 65 Spanish men, 65 Indian men, 30 Indian women, and 50 to 100 children. Many Spanish Indians were reported to be working at Spanish fishing stations from Jupiter Inlet south on the east coast and from Tampa Bay south on the west coast, and some had intermarried with Spaniards. Other Seminoles also worked at the ranchos during the fishing season and left during the off-season.
William Whitehead, customs inspector in Key West, wrote in 1831 that the women at the fishing ranchos were all Indians, and that the color of their children's skins indicated that many were fathered by the Spaniards. William Bunce, who owned a fishing rancho in Tampa Bay, stated in 1838 that he had 10 Spaniards and 20 Spanish Indians working for him, and that most of the Spanish Indians had been born at the rancho, spoke Spanish, and "had never been in the country ten miles in their lives". He said that they worked for the Cuban fishermen from August until March, cultivated small plots and fished in the off-season, but did not hunt. He also said that many of the Spaniards working for him had Indian wives, and several had children and grand-children. Baptismal records from between 1807 and 1827 at a church in Regla include 20 children born to Spanish fathers and their Indian wives, 5 born to Indian women with no recorded father, and 3 with Indian parents.
A 1838 petition by Spanish fishermen and sailors claimed that Indian and part-Indian wives and children had been "unjustly" removed from the ranchos, that they were an entirely separate group that had intermarried with Spaniards for decades, and were not part of the Seminole nation. John Worth has stated that the Spanish Indians of the ranchos were neither Seminole nor Calusas, but a creole community that emerged in the 18th and early 19th centuries, consisting of Spanish Cuban fishermen and people predominantly descended from Muskogean-speaking people who were present in southwest Florida decades before the Seminoles.
There is also some evidence of an African presence at the ranchos. There are records of baptisms of two children of enlaved Africans owned by Caldez, and the baptism and manumission of the son of a free part-black and a part-black slave of Caldez, the latter described as a native of Useppa Island.
The United States took possession of Florida from Spain in 1821. Americans suspected the fishing ranchos in Florida of harboring escaped slaves. A large Maroon settlement on Tampa Bay known as "Angola" was attacked in 1821 by 200 Muscogee warriors sent by Andrew Jackson and led by William McIntosh. The Muscogee captured several hundred escaped slaves and destroyed the settlement. The Muscogees then proceeded down the coast as far as Punta Rassa, searching for more escaped slaves. They did not find any at the fishing ranchos, but sacked them anyway. Indians in south Florida were also believed to be buying guns and powder from Spanish fishermen. William Grafton Delaney Worthington, secretary and acting governor of the Territory of East Florida, reported to the U.S. secretary of state that the Spaniards were suspected of maintaining close ties to the Seminoles. In 1825, Seminole Indians at Charlotte Harber were reported to be either leaving for or returning from Havana, and trading with the Cubans.
The Spanish Cuban fishermen worked within American law. Some considered becoming American citizens, but held back because they did not speak English. They paid import duties and tonnage fees at the port of entry in Key West. After Fort Brooke was established on Tampa Bay, they sold Cuban cigars, fresh fruit, and an occasional sea turtle to the soldiers at the fort.
In 1833, John Winslett, a white attorney working for the Muscogee nation, was in Florida tracking slaves who had escaped from Muscogee owners. He stated in an affidavit that he had been advised that it was unsafe to travel south of Tampa Bay in pursuit of runaway slaves because there were bands of "desperadoes, runaways, murderers, and thieves" between there and Charlotte Harbor, composed of Indians and Blacks, most of the latter being runaway slaves. Wiley Thompson, the Indian agent at Fort King, wrote to Florida governor William Pope Duval at the beginning of 1834 about a settlement of "negroes, Indians, and Spaniards" southeast of Charlotte Harbor, "a lawless, motley crew". Thompson wrote again in 1835 of unauthorized settlements of Blacks, Indians, and Spaniards in peninsular Florida, and stated that the Indians were descended from Seminoles. He also stated that there were "roving bands of Seminole Indians on and about the Everglades".
Augustus Steele wrote to Wiley Thompson in 1835 concerning the legal status of the Indians attached to fishing ranchos. Steele declared that while the Indians and mixed race persons at the ranchos were descended from Seminoles, they did not claim affiliation with the Seminoles, and were not claimed by the Seminoles because the Seminoles did not want to share the annuities paid to them by the American government. He also stated that the Indians at the ranchos spoke Spanish, and that some had been baptised in Havana, and described them as "Spanish fishermen under the Spanish government", and "incapable of supporting themselves by ordinary Indian means". Thompson replied to Steele, stating that the Spanish Indians were bound by communication and family relationships to the Seminoles, and had to join the Seminoles on the reservation.
A 1837 report stated that Indians living on the coast south of Charlotte Harbor had never gone to the reservation agency, but traded produce, skins, and small live animals at the Spanish ranchos for guns, ammunition, and clothing. They may have also sometimes worked at the ranchos. They had not been represented at the treaty conferences with the U.S., and had never agreed to leave Florida.
William Bunce, originally from Maryland, began operating a fishing rancho on Tampa Bay sometime in the early 1830s. He apparently bought an existing rancho and added extensive improvements, including a blacksmith shop, turner's shop and carpentry shop.
When the Second Seminole War started in 1835, the Spanish Indians at first did not take part. In 1836 Seminoles raided the Useppa Island fishing rancho. Approximately 100 Spanish Indians at fishing ranchos in the Charlotte Harbor area then fled to William Bunce's rancho on Tampa Bay. Later that year, the "old" ranchos in the vicinity of Sanibel Island were reported to be deserted and mostly destroyed. Other Spanish Indians still remained on the mainland. An 1837 Army excursion from the Caloosahatchee River to Cape Sable captured 243 prisoners.
In 1838 the Spanish Indian wives and children at Bunce's rancho, and even some of the Spaniards, were force to emigrate to Indian Territory with the Seminoles. That year, 21 men who had been rounded up from Charlotte Harbor ranchos to be shipped to Indian Territory petitioned to be released on the grounds that they were Spanish, not Indians. Two of the men complained that their wives had been claimed by Holata Emathla as part of his band being sent to Indian Territory. In 1838, 80 Spaniards were reported to be among captives being sent to the Indian Territory from Florida. Seven Spaniards were allowed to stay in New Orleans when they promised not to return to Florida. A newspaper in Arkansas reported that one group of captives being taken to the Indian Territory included 150 Spanish Indians and Spaniards who had married Seminoles.
Thomas Lawson, then Surgeon General of the United States Army, led an expedition along the southwest coast of Florida in 1838, looking for Indian settlements. He found cleared fields and abandoned village sites, but no Indians. He reported that, aside from islands along the coast, the inland country was uninhabitable. He reached Cape Sable, where he established Fort Poinsett. The remaining Spanish Indians in Florida, under Chakaika, entered the war against the United States in 1839. Chakaika had apparently been a member of a fishing rancho community. John Worth reports that Chakaika had been baptized as Antonio, and that his entry into the war was a response to the destruction of the Spanish rancho system by the US Army in 1836–1839. The United States Army found Chakaika's settlement in the Everglades in 1840, and Chakaika and several of his men were killed. Some surviving men from Chakaika's band may have joined other Seminole bands. Twenty-four surviving women and children from Chakaika's band had been sent to Indian Territory by 1841.
A fishing rancho owned by a Cuban is reputed to have operated in southern Pinellas County from 1843 until 1848, when it was destroyed in the 1848 Tampa Bay hurricane. Antonio Máximo Hernández is reported to have supplied fish to Havana, to have worked as a fishing and turtle egg guide for soldiers at Fort Brooke, and to have aided the U.S. Army during the Second Seminole War. It is also reported that he received a land grant in 1842.
Spanish Indians disappeared from the historical record after 1840. Some Seminole families in Oklahoma claimed Spanish ancestry in 1932, but it is unclear whether they derived from Chakaika's band or from rancho Indians.
Fishing stations on the southwest coast of Florida were still called "ranches" or "ranchos" in the mid-20th century. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Fishing ranchos were fishing stations located along the coast of Southwest Florida used by Spanish Cuban fishermen in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The Spanish fished the waters along the coast of Florida in the late fall and winter of each year, salting the fish, and then carrying the cured fish to Havana by the beginning of Lent. The Spanish fishermen hired Native Americans who lived along the coast as guides and to help with catching and curing the fish, and with sailing to Havana. The Spanish established fishing stations, called \"ranchos\", on islands along the coast as bases during the fishing season. The Native American workers lived year-round at the ranchos, or moved to the nearby mainland during the off-season to hunt and raise crops. Many of the Spanish fishermen eventually started living at their ranchos year-round. They married or formed relationships with Native American women, and their children grew up at the ranchos, so that many of the workers were mixed of Spanish and Native American descent. All of the residents of the ranchos spoke Spanish. One author has suggested that a Spanish-Native American creole society was forming in the ranchos by the second quarter of the 19th century. The fishermen also carried Native Americans from Florida to Havana and back on a regular basis.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The United States acquired Florida from Spain in 1821. Americans were suspicious of Seminole and Spanish Indian connections with the Spanish, believing that the Spanish were supplying the Native Americans with firearms and powder. Americans also suspected the fishing ranchos of harboring slaves that had escaped from American owners. The 1823 Treaty of Moultrie Creek required all Native Americans in peninsular Florida to move onto a reservation that had boundaries well inland from the coasts. The Native Americans associated with the fishing ranchos, and others who lived in southwest Florida, called Muspas or Spanish Indians, did not move to the reservation. During the Second Seminole War (1835–1842), the United States Army rounded up all of the residents of fishing ranchos, and sent almost all of them west with the Seminoles, including people who claimed to be Spanish.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Spanish fishing vessels from Cuba began fishing along the southwest coast of Florida by the 1680s with permission from the dominant people of that region, the Calusa. After the destruction of the Spanish mission system in northern Florida at the beginning of the 18th century, Yamassees and Muscogees raided far into the Florida peninsula, killing many of the Florida natives, and capturing others for sale as slaves. Most of the surviving Calusas and other Indigenous people evacuated to the Florida Keys between 1704 and 1711. By the 1740s, Cuban fishermen were employing guides and fishermen from the remaining Indigenous people then living in the Florida Keys. Continued raiding by Muscogees and their allies pushed the last Calusas out of Florida to Cuba.",
"title": "Origins and development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The Cuban fishing fleet consisted of ten or twelve sailing vessels originally based in Regla, across Havana Bay from downtown Havana. The fishing season along the Florida coast was late fall and winter, October or November until February or March. The primary fishing area was the \"Coast of Tampa\", including the \"Port of Tampa\" (Tampa Bay) and the \"Port of Sanibel\" (Charlotte Harbor). Fishing also occurred in the Florida Keys and along the lower Atlantic coast of Florida. Mullet, drum, sea bass, pompano, sea trout, and other fish were preserved by drying or salting. Shark liver oil was collected, and mullet and drum roe was smoked. Vessels would return to Cuba in time for the Lenten season, when fish was in particular demand. In the off-season, the fishing vessels would carry salt from the salt pans at Cay Sal and Punta de Hicacos to Havana. The Spanish government required the fishermen to buy all the salt they used for preserviong fish from the government warehouse in Havana, where they paid four times as much for the salt as they had earned carrying the salt from the salt pans to Havana. By late in the 18th century, year-round fishing stations, known as ranchos, were established along the Florida coast between Tampa Bay and Estero Bay, and much of the fishing community eventually resided there year-round. José María Caldez claimed in 1833 that he had lived at his rancho on Useppa Island for 45 years. Caldez also claimed to have visited Useppa Island since before the American Revolution. Spanish records show Caldez as the captain of vessels carrying Indians to Cuba starting in 1805. Some of the heads of fishing ranchos applied for land grants in 1828 based on their occupation of their ranchos since before the transfer of Florida to the US.",
"title": "Origins and development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Spanish fishing along the Florida coast continued through the British period in Florida, from 1763 until 1783. The British government was concerned that the Spanish fishing operations were a threat to British control of Florida. Governor James Grant was ordered to stop the Spanish fishing operations, but he did not enforce the order. A review of the fishing operations in 1767–1768 concluded that the fishing operations were not a threat to the British. Emisaries from the Lower Towns of the Muscogee Confederacy (whom the Spanish called the Province of Coweta, or the Uchise), travelled by fishing boat to Havana as early as 1766. In 1769 the British withdrew from the old Spanish fort at St. Marks, which was then seized by Tunape, chief of the Tallahassa Taloofa, a Muscogee -speaking town of the Muscogee Confederacy located at San Luis Talimali (in today's Tallahassee). Tunape proposed an arrangement with the Spanish, in which his tribe would hold St. Marks and all of the Florida coast between St. Augustine and Pensacola against the British in exchange for trade with Cuba, including guns and powder. Tunape also told the Spanish that another faction of the Muscogee Confederacy in Florida, the Cimarrones (the Alachua Seminoles, who were primarily Hitchiti-speaking), were allied with the British. The Spanish began supplying arms to the Muscogee Tallahassee in 1779, after Spain entered the American Revolutionary War against Britain. By the last quarter of the 18th century, the Muscogee-speaking towns in northern Florida and down the west coast of Florida, which were affiliated with the Lower Towns of the Muscogee Confederacy, and the Hitchiti spealing towns of the interior of Florida, commonly called \"Seminole\", were going seperate ways. Traffic between the west coast of Florida and Cuba grew until hundreds of Indians were visiting Cuba every year, transported in fishing boats from the ranchos. Spanish records include lists of names of Florida Indians that visited Cuba for most years between 1771 and 1823. The names can often be identified as Muscogee in origin.",
"title": "Origins and development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Various peoples living in southwest Florida in the early 19th century were called Spanish Indians or Muspas. They lived in palmetto thatched huts, raised food in mainland farms, traded with Havana, and were in communication with other Seminole bands. While some of the Spanish Indians may have been descended from Calusas, historians have now concluded that, at least in the 19th century, most of those people were descendants of Muscogean people, who elsewhere in Florida became known as Seminoles.",
"title": "Rancho Indians"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The rancho fishermen hired Spanish Indians to help catch and cure fish for the Havana market. In 1831, by one account, four ranchos in the vicinity of Charlotte Harbor had as many as 300 residents total. Another account gave the population of ranchos between Tampa Bay and Charlotte Harbor in that year as 65 Spanish men, 65 Indian men, 30 Indian women, and 50 to 100 children. Many Spanish Indians were reported to be working at Spanish fishing stations from Jupiter Inlet south on the east coast and from Tampa Bay south on the west coast, and some had intermarried with Spaniards. Other Seminoles also worked at the ranchos during the fishing season and left during the off-season.",
"title": "Rancho Indians"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "William Whitehead, customs inspector in Key West, wrote in 1831 that the women at the fishing ranchos were all Indians, and that the color of their children's skins indicated that many were fathered by the Spaniards. William Bunce, who owned a fishing rancho in Tampa Bay, stated in 1838 that he had 10 Spaniards and 20 Spanish Indians working for him, and that most of the Spanish Indians had been born at the rancho, spoke Spanish, and \"had never been in the country ten miles in their lives\". He said that they worked for the Cuban fishermen from August until March, cultivated small plots and fished in the off-season, but did not hunt. He also said that many of the Spaniards working for him had Indian wives, and several had children and grand-children. Baptismal records from between 1807 and 1827 at a church in Regla include 20 children born to Spanish fathers and their Indian wives, 5 born to Indian women with no recorded father, and 3 with Indian parents.",
"title": "Rancho Indians"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "A 1838 petition by Spanish fishermen and sailors claimed that Indian and part-Indian wives and children had been \"unjustly\" removed from the ranchos, that they were an entirely separate group that had intermarried with Spaniards for decades, and were not part of the Seminole nation. John Worth has stated that the Spanish Indians of the ranchos were neither Seminole nor Calusas, but a creole community that emerged in the 18th and early 19th centuries, consisting of Spanish Cuban fishermen and people predominantly descended from Muskogean-speaking people who were present in southwest Florida decades before the Seminoles.",
"title": "Rancho Indians"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "There is also some evidence of an African presence at the ranchos. There are records of baptisms of two children of enlaved Africans owned by Caldez, and the baptism and manumission of the son of a free part-black and a part-black slave of Caldez, the latter described as a native of Useppa Island.",
"title": "Rancho Indians"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "The United States took possession of Florida from Spain in 1821. Americans suspected the fishing ranchos in Florida of harboring escaped slaves. A large Maroon settlement on Tampa Bay known as \"Angola\" was attacked in 1821 by 200 Muscogee warriors sent by Andrew Jackson and led by William McIntosh. The Muscogee captured several hundred escaped slaves and destroyed the settlement. The Muscogees then proceeded down the coast as far as Punta Rassa, searching for more escaped slaves. They did not find any at the fishing ranchos, but sacked them anyway. Indians in south Florida were also believed to be buying guns and powder from Spanish fishermen. William Grafton Delaney Worthington, secretary and acting governor of the Territory of East Florida, reported to the U.S. secretary of state that the Spaniards were suspected of maintaining close ties to the Seminoles. In 1825, Seminole Indians at Charlotte Harber were reported to be either leaving for or returning from Havana, and trading with the Cubans.",
"title": "American possession"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "The Spanish Cuban fishermen worked within American law. Some considered becoming American citizens, but held back because they did not speak English. They paid import duties and tonnage fees at the port of entry in Key West. After Fort Brooke was established on Tampa Bay, they sold Cuban cigars, fresh fruit, and an occasional sea turtle to the soldiers at the fort.",
"title": "American possession"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "In 1833, John Winslett, a white attorney working for the Muscogee nation, was in Florida tracking slaves who had escaped from Muscogee owners. He stated in an affidavit that he had been advised that it was unsafe to travel south of Tampa Bay in pursuit of runaway slaves because there were bands of \"desperadoes, runaways, murderers, and thieves\" between there and Charlotte Harbor, composed of Indians and Blacks, most of the latter being runaway slaves. Wiley Thompson, the Indian agent at Fort King, wrote to Florida governor William Pope Duval at the beginning of 1834 about a settlement of \"negroes, Indians, and Spaniards\" southeast of Charlotte Harbor, \"a lawless, motley crew\". Thompson wrote again in 1835 of unauthorized settlements of Blacks, Indians, and Spaniards in peninsular Florida, and stated that the Indians were descended from Seminoles. He also stated that there were \"roving bands of Seminole Indians on and about the Everglades\".",
"title": "American possession"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "Augustus Steele wrote to Wiley Thompson in 1835 concerning the legal status of the Indians attached to fishing ranchos. Steele declared that while the Indians and mixed race persons at the ranchos were descended from Seminoles, they did not claim affiliation with the Seminoles, and were not claimed by the Seminoles because the Seminoles did not want to share the annuities paid to them by the American government. He also stated that the Indians at the ranchos spoke Spanish, and that some had been baptised in Havana, and described them as \"Spanish fishermen under the Spanish government\", and \"incapable of supporting themselves by ordinary Indian means\". Thompson replied to Steele, stating that the Spanish Indians were bound by communication and family relationships to the Seminoles, and had to join the Seminoles on the reservation.",
"title": "American possession"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "A 1837 report stated that Indians living on the coast south of Charlotte Harbor had never gone to the reservation agency, but traded produce, skins, and small live animals at the Spanish ranchos for guns, ammunition, and clothing. They may have also sometimes worked at the ranchos. They had not been represented at the treaty conferences with the U.S., and had never agreed to leave Florida.",
"title": "American possession"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "William Bunce, originally from Maryland, began operating a fishing rancho on Tampa Bay sometime in the early 1830s. He apparently bought an existing rancho and added extensive improvements, including a blacksmith shop, turner's shop and carpentry shop.",
"title": "American possession"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "When the Second Seminole War started in 1835, the Spanish Indians at first did not take part. In 1836 Seminoles raided the Useppa Island fishing rancho. Approximately 100 Spanish Indians at fishing ranchos in the Charlotte Harbor area then fled to William Bunce's rancho on Tampa Bay. Later that year, the \"old\" ranchos in the vicinity of Sanibel Island were reported to be deserted and mostly destroyed. Other Spanish Indians still remained on the mainland. An 1837 Army excursion from the Caloosahatchee River to Cape Sable captured 243 prisoners.",
"title": "Second Seminole War"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "In 1838 the Spanish Indian wives and children at Bunce's rancho, and even some of the Spaniards, were force to emigrate to Indian Territory with the Seminoles. That year, 21 men who had been rounded up from Charlotte Harbor ranchos to be shipped to Indian Territory petitioned to be released on the grounds that they were Spanish, not Indians. Two of the men complained that their wives had been claimed by Holata Emathla as part of his band being sent to Indian Territory. In 1838, 80 Spaniards were reported to be among captives being sent to the Indian Territory from Florida. Seven Spaniards were allowed to stay in New Orleans when they promised not to return to Florida. A newspaper in Arkansas reported that one group of captives being taken to the Indian Territory included 150 Spanish Indians and Spaniards who had married Seminoles.",
"title": "Second Seminole War"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "Thomas Lawson, then Surgeon General of the United States Army, led an expedition along the southwest coast of Florida in 1838, looking for Indian settlements. He found cleared fields and abandoned village sites, but no Indians. He reported that, aside from islands along the coast, the inland country was uninhabitable. He reached Cape Sable, where he established Fort Poinsett. The remaining Spanish Indians in Florida, under Chakaika, entered the war against the United States in 1839. Chakaika had apparently been a member of a fishing rancho community. John Worth reports that Chakaika had been baptized as Antonio, and that his entry into the war was a response to the destruction of the Spanish rancho system by the US Army in 1836–1839. The United States Army found Chakaika's settlement in the Everglades in 1840, and Chakaika and several of his men were killed. Some surviving men from Chakaika's band may have joined other Seminole bands. Twenty-four surviving women and children from Chakaika's band had been sent to Indian Territory by 1841.",
"title": "Second Seminole War"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 19,
"text": "A fishing rancho owned by a Cuban is reputed to have operated in southern Pinellas County from 1843 until 1848, when it was destroyed in the 1848 Tampa Bay hurricane. Antonio Máximo Hernández is reported to have supplied fish to Havana, to have worked as a fishing and turtle egg guide for soldiers at Fort Brooke, and to have aided the U.S. Army during the Second Seminole War. It is also reported that he received a land grant in 1842.",
"title": "Legacy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 20,
"text": "Spanish Indians disappeared from the historical record after 1840. Some Seminole families in Oklahoma claimed Spanish ancestry in 1932, but it is unclear whether they derived from Chakaika's band or from rancho Indians.",
"title": "Legacy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 21,
"text": "Fishing stations on the southwest coast of Florida were still called \"ranches\" or \"ranchos\" in the mid-20th century.",
"title": "Legacy"
}
] | Fishing ranchos were fishing stations located along the coast of Southwest Florida used by Spanish Cuban fishermen in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The Spanish fished the waters along the coast of Florida in the late fall and winter of each year, salting the fish, and then carrying the cured fish to Havana by the beginning of Lent. The Spanish fishermen hired Native Americans who lived along the coast as guides and to help with catching and curing the fish, and with sailing to Havana. The Spanish established fishing stations, called "ranchos", on islands along the coast as bases during the fishing season. The Native American workers lived year-round at the ranchos, or moved to the nearby mainland during the off-season to hunt and raise crops. Many of the Spanish fishermen eventually started living at their ranchos year-round. They married or formed relationships with Native American women, and their children grew up at the ranchos, so that many of the workers were mixed of Spanish and Native American descent. All of the residents of the ranchos spoke Spanish. One author has suggested that a Spanish-Native American creole society was forming in the ranchos by the second quarter of the 19th century. The fishermen also carried Native Americans from Florida to Havana and back on a regular basis. The United States acquired Florida from Spain in 1821. Americans were suspicious of Seminole and Spanish Indian connections with the Spanish, believing that the Spanish were supplying the Native Americans with firearms and powder. Americans also suspected the fishing ranchos of harboring slaves that had escaped from American owners. The 1823 Treaty of Moultrie Creek required all Native Americans in peninsular Florida to move onto a reservation that had boundaries well inland from the coasts. The Native Americans associated with the fishing ranchos, and others who lived in southwest Florida, called Muspas or Spanish Indians, did not move to the reservation. During the Second Seminole War (1835–1842), the United States Army rounded up all of the residents of fishing ranchos, and sent almost all of them west with the Seminoles, including people who claimed to be Spanish. | 2023-12-14T23:13:38Z | 2023-12-24T04:23:56Z | [
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75,566,906 | Misir Mardanov | Misir Jumayil oglu Mardanov (October 3, 1946, Goyarchin, Ijevan region). Member of ANAS (2017), director of the AMEA Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics, former Minister of Education of Azerbaijan, doctor of physical and mathematical sciences and university professor.
Between 1973 and 1998, he gave lectures on analytical geometry, differential geometry, mathematical methods of optimal control at the BSU Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics. He also lectured and conducted seminars in specialist courses on optimal management and supervised students' diploma studies.
He was a member of the Board of Directors of the New Azerbaijan Party until 2013 and a member of the Political Council of the New Azerbaijan Party until 2020.
In 2011, by the order of the President of the Republic of Dagestan, he was awarded the honorary title "Honored Scientist of the Republic of Dagestan" for his great contributions to the development of scientific cooperation between the Republics of Dagestan and Azerbaijan.
In 2021, he was awarded the 1st degree "For Service to the Motherland" order. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Misir Jumayil oglu Mardanov (October 3, 1946, Goyarchin, Ijevan region). Member of ANAS (2017), director of the AMEA Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics, former Minister of Education of Azerbaijan, doctor of physical and mathematical sciences and university professor.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Between 1973 and 1998, he gave lectures on analytical geometry, differential geometry, mathematical methods of optimal control at the BSU Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics. He also lectured and conducted seminars in specialist courses on optimal management and supervised students' diploma studies.",
"title": "Pedagogical activity"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "He was a member of the Board of Directors of the New Azerbaijan Party until 2013 and a member of the Political Council of the New Azerbaijan Party until 2020.",
"title": "Socio-political activity"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 2011, by the order of the President of the Republic of Dagestan, he was awarded the honorary title \"Honored Scientist of the Republic of Dagestan\" for his great contributions to the development of scientific cooperation between the Republics of Dagestan and Azerbaijan.",
"title": "Rewards"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In 2021, he was awarded the 1st degree \"For Service to the Motherland\" order.",
"title": "Rewards"
}
] | Misir Jumayil oglu Mardanov. Member of ANAS (2017), director of the AMEA Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics, former Minister of Education of Azerbaijan, doctor of physical and mathematical sciences and university professor. | 2023-12-14T23:17:01Z | 2023-12-29T14:13:41Z | [
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75,566,922 | Aleksandar Bakočević | Aleksandar Bakočević (Serbian Cyrillic: Александар Бакочевић; 8 November 1928 – 13 January 2007) was a Serbian politician who served as the Mayor of Belgrade from 29 April 1986 to 4 December 1989, and as the President of the National Assembly of Serbia from 5 June 1991 to 25 January 1993.
He additionally served as the President of the Yugoslav Olympic Committee from 1989 to 1996; the end of his mandate coincides with the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Aleksandar Bakočević (Serbian Cyrillic: Александар Бакочевић; 8 November 1928 – 13 January 2007) was a Serbian politician who served as the Mayor of Belgrade from 29 April 1986 to 4 December 1989, and as the President of the National Assembly of Serbia from 5 June 1991 to 25 January 1993.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "He additionally served as the President of the Yugoslav Olympic Committee from 1989 to 1996; the end of his mandate coincides with the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Aleksandar Bakočević was a Serbian politician who served as the Mayor of Belgrade from 29 April 1986 to 4 December 1989, and as the President of the National Assembly of Serbia from 5 June 1991 to 25 January 1993. He additionally served as the President of the Yugoslav Olympic Committee from 1989 to 1996; the end of his mandate coincides with the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States. | 2023-12-14T23:21:41Z | 2023-12-20T06:33:39Z | [
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75,566,994 | Walter Runte | Walter "Gerry" Runte Jr. is an American politician who has served as a member of the Maine House of Representatives since December 7, 2022. He represents Maine's 146th House district.
He was elected on November 8, 2022, in the 2022 Maine House of Representatives election against Republican opponent Bradley Moulton. He assumed office on December 7, 2022.
Runte served in the United States Army. He earned a bachelor’s degree in Math and Chemistry master's degree in nuclear engineering from Pennsylvania State University in 1976. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Walter \"Gerry\" Runte Jr. is an American politician who has served as a member of the Maine House of Representatives since December 7, 2022. He represents Maine's 146th House district.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "He was elected on November 8, 2022, in the 2022 Maine House of Representatives election against Republican opponent Bradley Moulton. He assumed office on December 7, 2022.",
"title": "Electoral history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Runte served in the United States Army. He earned a bachelor’s degree in Math and Chemistry master's degree in nuclear engineering from Pennsylvania State University in 1976.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | Walter "Gerry" Runte Jr. is an American politician who has served as a member of the Maine House of Representatives since December 7, 2022. He represents Maine's 146th House district. | 2023-12-14T23:32:05Z | 2023-12-16T02:38:40Z | [
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75,567,004 | Bruce Brown (rugby union) | Bruce Robert Brown (born 18 August 1944) is an Australian former rugby union international.
Born in Brisbane, Brown was a loosehead prop who was educated at Brisbane Boys' College. He played for the University of Queensland Rugby Club and made his first Queensland appearances at age 20 in 1965.
Brown earned Wallabies selection in 1971 for a tour of France as a reserve prop, before gaining his two caps in New Zealand the following year. With David Dunworth out of the tour injured, Brown was preferred as his replacement for the 1st Test in Wellington. He lost his place to Jake Howard for the 2nd Test, but returned for the 3rd Test at Eden Park. | [
{
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"text": "Bruce Robert Brown (born 18 August 1944) is an Australian former rugby union international.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Born in Brisbane, Brown was a loosehead prop who was educated at Brisbane Boys' College. He played for the University of Queensland Rugby Club and made his first Queensland appearances at age 20 in 1965.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Brown earned Wallabies selection in 1971 for a tour of France as a reserve prop, before gaining his two caps in New Zealand the following year. With David Dunworth out of the tour injured, Brown was preferred as his replacement for the 1st Test in Wellington. He lost his place to Jake Howard for the 2nd Test, but returned for the 3rd Test at Eden Park.",
"title": ""
}
] | Bruce Robert Brown is an Australian former rugby union international. Born in Brisbane, Brown was a loosehead prop who was educated at Brisbane Boys' College. He played for the University of Queensland Rugby Club and made his first Queensland appearances at age 20 in 1965. Brown earned Wallabies selection in 1971 for a tour of France as a reserve prop, before gaining his two caps in New Zealand the following year. With David Dunworth out of the tour injured, Brown was preferred as his replacement for the 1st Test in Wellington. He lost his place to Jake Howard for the 2nd Test, but returned for the 3rd Test at Eden Park. | 2023-12-14T23:33:06Z | 2023-12-14T23:35:35Z | [
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75,567,013 | Holsteinring | The Holsteinring is an 8,0000 capacity motorcycle speedway track in Brokstedt, Germany. The stadium is located in the western outskirts of Brokstedt on the Dorfstraße road. The stadium has been a significant venue for major speedway events, including the final of the 1994 Speedway World Team Cup.
The stadium hosts the speedway team MSC Brokstedt who race in the German Speedway Championship. On 3 October 2005, Aleš Dryml Jr. set a new track record of 67.90 seconds. | [
{
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"text": "The Holsteinring is an 8,0000 capacity motorcycle speedway track in Brokstedt, Germany. The stadium is located in the western outskirts of Brokstedt on the Dorfstraße road. The stadium has been a significant venue for major speedway events, including the final of the 1994 Speedway World Team Cup.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "The stadium hosts the speedway team MSC Brokstedt who race in the German Speedway Championship. On 3 October 2005, Aleš Dryml Jr. set a new track record of 67.90 seconds.",
"title": ""
}
] | The Holsteinring is an 8,0000 capacity motorcycle speedway track in Brokstedt, Germany. The stadium is located in the western outskirts of Brokstedt on the Dorfstraße road. The stadium has been a significant venue for major speedway events, including the final of the 1994 Speedway World Team Cup. The stadium hosts the speedway team MSC Brokstedt who race in the German Speedway Championship. On 3 October 2005, Aleš Dryml Jr. set a new track record of 67.90 seconds. | 2023-12-14T23:34:51Z | 2023-12-15T00:07:24Z | [
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75,567,016 | 2026 ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup qualification | The 2026 Under-19 Cricket World Cup qualification is a series of regional qualification tournaments to determine the final five places at the 2026 Under-19 Cricket World Cup.
The European qualifier has two divisions, with a minimum of two teams from the Division 2 tournament progressing to the main European qualification tournament.
The following teams take part in the Division 2 tournament from 24 August to 30 July 2024 in Denmark. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2026 Under-19 Cricket World Cup qualification is a series of regional qualification tournaments to determine the final five places at the 2026 Under-19 Cricket World Cup.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The European qualifier has two divisions, with a minimum of two teams from the Division 2 tournament progressing to the main European qualification tournament.",
"title": "Europe"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The following teams take part in the Division 2 tournament from 24 August to 30 July 2024 in Denmark.",
"title": "Europe"
}
] | The 2026 Under-19 Cricket World Cup qualification is a series of regional qualification tournaments to determine the final five places at the 2026 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. | 2023-12-14T23:35:33Z | 2023-12-17T00:16:38Z | [
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75,567,020 | Makinohara Tunnel | Makinohara Tunnel (牧の原トンネル, Makinohara tonneru) is a tunnel on Tokaido Shinkansen operated by Central Japan Railway Company located in Makinohara city, between Kakegawa Station and Shizuoka Station with total length of 2.917 km. It was built and completed in 1968. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Makinohara Tunnel (牧の原トンネル, Makinohara tonneru) is a tunnel on Tokaido Shinkansen operated by Central Japan Railway Company located in Makinohara city, between Kakegawa Station and Shizuoka Station with total length of 2.917 km. It was built and completed in 1968.",
"title": ""
}
] | Makinohara Tunnel is a tunnel on Tokaido Shinkansen operated by Central Japan Railway Company located in Makinohara city, between Kakegawa Station and Shizuoka Station with total length of 2.917 km. It was built and completed in 1968. | 2023-12-14T23:36:41Z | 2023-12-16T23:09:52Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makinohara_Tunnel |
75,567,039 | Deion Burks | Deion Burks (born January 8, 2003) is an American football wide receiver for the Oklahoma Sooners. He previously played for the Purdue Boilermakers.
Burks attended Belleville High School in Belleville, Michigan. He committed to Purdue University to play college football.
After appearing in four games his first year at Purdue in 2021 with no catches, Burks played in all 14 games in 2022 and had 15 receptions for 149 yards. In 2023, he was Purdue's leading receiver with 47 receptions for 629 yards and seven touchdowns. After the season, he entered the transfer portal and transferred to the University of Oklahoma. | [
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"text": "Deion Burks (born January 8, 2003) is an American football wide receiver for the Oklahoma Sooners. He previously played for the Purdue Boilermakers.",
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},
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"text": "Burks attended Belleville High School in Belleville, Michigan. He committed to Purdue University to play college football.",
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},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "After appearing in four games his first year at Purdue in 2021 with no catches, Burks played in all 14 games in 2022 and had 15 receptions for 149 yards. In 2023, he was Purdue's leading receiver with 47 receptions for 629 yards and seven touchdowns. After the season, he entered the transfer portal and transferred to the University of Oklahoma.",
"title": "College career"
}
] | Deion Burks is an American football wide receiver for the Oklahoma Sooners. He previously played for the Purdue Boilermakers. | 2023-12-14T23:40:21Z | 2023-12-26T22:14:59Z | [
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75,567,059 | Tommaso Del Lungo | Tommaso Del Lungo (born 21 November 2003) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Serie C Group A club Atalanta U23.
Del Lungo is a youth product of the Italian clubs Sales, Fiorentina and S.M. Cattolica Virtus. He began his senior career in the Serie D with ASD Grassina in the 2020–21 season. On 8 July 2021, he moved to Atalanta where he was initially assigned to their Primavera team. He debuted for their newly created Atalanta U23 side in their debut season in the Serie C for the 2023–24 season. He made his senior and professional debut with Atalanta in a 4–0 UEFA Europa League win over Raków Częstochowa on 14 December 2023. | [
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"text": "Del Lungo is a youth product of the Italian clubs Sales, Fiorentina and S.M. Cattolica Virtus. He began his senior career in the Serie D with ASD Grassina in the 2020–21 season. On 8 July 2021, he moved to Atalanta where he was initially assigned to their Primavera team. He debuted for their newly created Atalanta U23 side in their debut season in the Serie C for the 2023–24 season. He made his senior and professional debut with Atalanta in a 4–0 UEFA Europa League win over Raków Częstochowa on 14 December 2023.",
"title": "Club career"
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] | Tommaso Del Lungo is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Serie C Group A club Atalanta U23. | 2023-12-14T23:43:13Z | 2023-12-15T20:07:52Z | [
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75,567,104 | Victoria Gray | Victoria Gray was the first patient ever to be treated with the gene-editing tool CRISPR for sickle-cell disease.
This marked the initial indication that a cure is attainable for individuals born with sickle-cell disease and another severe blood disorder, beta-thalassemia.
In 2019, Victoria Gray enrolled in a groundbreaking clinical trial. In an interview with National Public Radio, Gray mentioned that she had been contemplating a bone marrow transplantation when she learned about the trial.
Serving as the inaugural patient with sickle cell disease to undergo treatment using the revolutionary gene-editing technology CRISPR, she became one of the earliest individuals to experience CRISPR intervention. Although CRISPR had been extensively discussed and lauded, its application had primarily been confined to laboratory cell manipulation.
When Gray received her experimental infusion, the outcome was uncertain—scientists were unsure if it would eradicate her disease or pose unforeseen risks. However, the therapy exceeded all expectations and at the end of July 2019, Gray was announced as the first patient to be treated for sickle-cell disease using the CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology.
Thanks to her gene-edited cells, Gray has been cured of the disease and now lives a symptom-free life. In the trial, over 96% of the eligible patients (29 out of 30) witnessed a remarkable shift, transitioning from experiencing multiple pain crises annually to none in the 12 months following treatment. | [
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"text": "Victoria Gray was the first patient ever to be treated with the gene-editing tool CRISPR for sickle-cell disease.",
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"text": "In 2019, Victoria Gray enrolled in a groundbreaking clinical trial. In an interview with National Public Radio, Gray mentioned that she had been contemplating a bone marrow transplantation when she learned about the trial.",
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"text": "Serving as the inaugural patient with sickle cell disease to undergo treatment using the revolutionary gene-editing technology CRISPR, she became one of the earliest individuals to experience CRISPR intervention. Although CRISPR had been extensively discussed and lauded, its application had primarily been confined to laboratory cell manipulation.",
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"text": "When Gray received her experimental infusion, the outcome was uncertain—scientists were unsure if it would eradicate her disease or pose unforeseen risks. However, the therapy exceeded all expectations and at the end of July 2019, Gray was announced as the first patient to be treated for sickle-cell disease using the CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology.",
"title": "Procedure"
},
{
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"text": "Thanks to her gene-edited cells, Gray has been cured of the disease and now lives a symptom-free life. In the trial, over 96% of the eligible patients (29 out of 30) witnessed a remarkable shift, transitioning from experiencing multiple pain crises annually to none in the 12 months following treatment.",
"title": "Procedure"
}
] | Victoria Gray was the first patient ever to be treated with the gene-editing tool CRISPR for sickle-cell disease. This marked the initial indication that a cure is attainable for individuals born with sickle-cell disease and another severe blood disorder, beta-thalassemia. | 2023-12-14T23:47:03Z | 2023-12-18T02:53:32Z | [
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75,567,120 | Cenk (missile) | The Cenk (Turkish Combat) is a Medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM) developed basis on Tayfun (missile) by Turkish state-owned Roketsan. It's Turkey's first MRBM system. The images of the Cenk ballistic missile, announced by President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan following the introduction of Tayfun (missile), were displayed for the first time by the SSB head on May 12, 2023. | [
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"text": "The Cenk (Turkish Combat) is a Medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM) developed basis on Tayfun (missile) by Turkish state-owned Roketsan. It's Turkey's first MRBM system. The images of the Cenk ballistic missile, announced by President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan following the introduction of Tayfun (missile), were displayed for the first time by the SSB head on May 12, 2023.",
"title": ""
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] | The Cenk is a Medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM) developed basis on Tayfun (missile) by Turkish state-owned Roketsan. It's Turkey's first MRBM system. The images of the Cenk ballistic missile, announced by President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan following the introduction of Tayfun (missile), were displayed for the first time by the SSB head on May 12, 2023. | 2023-12-14T23:49:23Z | 2023-12-15T20:21:01Z | [
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75,567,128 | Louhichi | Louhichi is a Tunisian surname that may refer to the following notable people: | [
{
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] | Louhichi is a Tunisian surname that may refer to the following notable people: Montasser Louhichi, Tunisian football manager
Taïeb Louhichi (1948–2018), Tunisian film director, screenwriter, producer and filmmaker | 2023-12-14T23:51:03Z | 2023-12-18T12:31:32Z | [
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75,567,143 | 88th Wisconsin Legislature | The Eighty-Eighth Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 5, 1987, to January 3, 1989, in regular session, and also convened in three special sessions and two extraordinary sessions.
Senators representing odd-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first two years of a four-year term. Assembly members were elected to a two-year term. Assembly members and odd-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 4, 1986. Senators representing even-numbered districts were serving the third and fourth year of a four-year term, having been elected in the general election of November 6, 1984.
Members of the Senate for the Eighty-Eighth Wisconsin Legislature:
Members of the Assembly for the Eighty-Eighth Wisconsin Legislature: | [
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"title": "Members"
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] | The Eighty-Eighth Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 5, 1987, to January 3, 1989, in regular session, and also convened in three special sessions and two extraordinary sessions. Senators representing odd-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first two years of a four-year term. Assembly members were elected to a two-year term. Assembly members and odd-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 4, 1986. Senators representing even-numbered districts were serving the third and fourth year of a four-year term, having been elected in the general election of November 6, 1984. | 2023-12-14T23:56:00Z | 2023-12-22T18:21:07Z | [
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75,567,172 | The Crescent, Selby | The Crescent is a terrace of buildings in Selby, a town in North Yorkshire in England.
The terrace was built by John Audus, who was inspired by Lansdown Crescent, Bath. He obtained a 99-year lease on the site from Robert Petre, 9th Baron Petre, and demolished the gateway of Selby Abbey and some monastic remains, to clear the site. Audus died in 1809, and his son, of the same name, completed work on the terrace.
The crescent consists of fourteen properties, all of which are grade II listed buildings. They are built of brick, and are three storeys high. 1 The Crescent is rendered and was later converted into the Albion Vaults pub. It was purchased by the Old Mill Brewery in 1991, and now operates under its street address. 2 to 5 have shop fronts at ground level; that of 3 The Crescent is late 19th century and has art nouveau details. 6 The Crescent, also known as Park House, is only two bays wide, but its principal front is to the right, and is of five bays. 7 to 14 The Crescent also has shop fronts, some dating from the 19th century, and includes a former bank. The bank and Park House were both restored in 2022. | [
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"text": "The Crescent is a terrace of buildings in Selby, a town in North Yorkshire in England.",
"title": ""
},
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"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The terrace was built by John Audus, who was inspired by Lansdown Crescent, Bath. He obtained a 99-year lease on the site from Robert Petre, 9th Baron Petre, and demolished the gateway of Selby Abbey and some monastic remains, to clear the site. Audus died in 1809, and his son, of the same name, completed work on the terrace.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "The crescent consists of fourteen properties, all of which are grade II listed buildings. They are built of brick, and are three storeys high. 1 The Crescent is rendered and was later converted into the Albion Vaults pub. It was purchased by the Old Mill Brewery in 1991, and now operates under its street address. 2 to 5 have shop fronts at ground level; that of 3 The Crescent is late 19th century and has art nouveau details. 6 The Crescent, also known as Park House, is only two bays wide, but its principal front is to the right, and is of five bays. 7 to 14 The Crescent also has shop fronts, some dating from the 19th century, and includes a former bank. The bank and Park House were both restored in 2022.",
"title": ""
}
] | The Crescent is a terrace of buildings in Selby, a town in North Yorkshire in England. The terrace was built by John Audus, who was inspired by Lansdown Crescent, Bath. He obtained a 99-year lease on the site from Robert Petre, 9th Baron Petre, and demolished the gateway of Selby Abbey and some monastic remains, to clear the site. Audus died in 1809, and his son, of the same name, completed work on the terrace. The crescent consists of fourteen properties, all of which are grade II listed buildings. They are built of brick, and are three storeys high. 1 The Crescent is rendered and was later converted into the Albion Vaults pub. It was purchased by the Old Mill Brewery in 1991, and now operates under its street address. 2 to 5 have shop fronts at ground level; that of 3 The Crescent is late 19th century and has art nouveau details. 6 The Crescent, also known as Park House, is only two bays wide, but its principal front is to the right, and is of five bays. 7 to 14 The Crescent also has shop fronts, some dating from the 19th century, and includes a former bank. The bank and Park House were both restored in 2022. | 2023-12-15T00:01:55Z | 2023-12-15T20:42:31Z | [
"Template:Cite web",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Crescent,_Selby |
75,567,182 | Salvelinus czerskii | Salvelinus czerskii, also known as Cherskii's char, is a freshwater species of fish of the genus salvelinus found in the Indigirka and Chukochya river basins in arctic Russia.
The Cherskii's char can grow to a recorded maximum length of 75 cm (29.5 inches). The species is benthopelagic, residing at or near the bottom of the river. The species breed between August and September, laying eggs on muddy ground and shallow shores.
The fish has low caudal stalk and strongly notched caudal fin. There are few light or pinkish spots on both sides mainly located along the lateral line. During the breeding season, the spots on the sides turn red, and the throat and lower jaw turn yellow. The paired and anal fins are bright red, and their outer rays are white. | [
{
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"text": "Salvelinus czerskii, also known as Cherskii's char, is a freshwater species of fish of the genus salvelinus found in the Indigirka and Chukochya river basins in arctic Russia.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The Cherskii's char can grow to a recorded maximum length of 75 cm (29.5 inches). The species is benthopelagic, residing at or near the bottom of the river. The species breed between August and September, laying eggs on muddy ground and shallow shores.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The fish has low caudal stalk and strongly notched caudal fin. There are few light or pinkish spots on both sides mainly located along the lateral line. During the breeding season, the spots on the sides turn red, and the throat and lower jaw turn yellow. The paired and anal fins are bright red, and their outer rays are white.",
"title": "Description"
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] | Salvelinus czerskii, also known as Cherskii's char, is a freshwater species of fish of the genus salvelinus found in the Indigirka and Chukochya river basins in arctic Russia. | 2023-12-15T00:04:36Z | 2023-12-18T03:00:52Z | [
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75,567,185 | Glasses (film) | Glasses is a Canadian animated short film, directed by Brian Duchscherer and released in 2001. The film centres on Milo, a young boy with poor vision who gets new glasses, and turns his back on his best friend Gwenny when he finally has the opportunity to play soccer with the popular boys in school, only to learn a lesson about the value of true friendship when he breaks his glasses in the game and is cast back out of the group.
The film was a Genie Award nominee for Best Animated Short Film at the 23rd Genie Awards, and a Jutra Award nominee for Best Animated Short Film at the 4th Jutra Awards. | [
{
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"text": "Glasses is a Canadian animated short film, directed by Brian Duchscherer and released in 2001. The film centres on Milo, a young boy with poor vision who gets new glasses, and turns his back on his best friend Gwenny when he finally has the opportunity to play soccer with the popular boys in school, only to learn a lesson about the value of true friendship when he breaks his glasses in the game and is cast back out of the group.",
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] | Glasses is a Canadian animated short film, directed by Brian Duchscherer and released in 2001. The film centres on Milo, a young boy with poor vision who gets new glasses, and turns his back on his best friend Gwenny when he finally has the opportunity to play soccer with the popular boys in school, only to learn a lesson about the value of true friendship when he breaks his glasses in the game and is cast back out of the group. The film was a Genie Award nominee for Best Animated Short Film at the 23rd Genie Awards, and a Jutra Award nominee for Best Animated Short Film at the 4th Jutra Awards. | 2023-12-15T00:04:59Z | 2023-12-16T23:32:58Z | [
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75,567,187 | Atop | [] | 2023-12-15T00:05:04Z | 2023-12-15T00:05:04Z | [
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||
75,567,210 | Marco Palestra | Marco Palestra (born 3 March 2005) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a right-back for Serie C Group A club Atalanta U23.
Palestra began playing football with GS Assago where he stayed four years, had a year long stint with Inter Milan's academy before finally finishing his development with Atalanta's academy starting in 2014. Originally a central midfielder, at U17 level he was converted to a winger and then a right-back. He was promoted to the newly created Atalanta U23's in their debut season in the 2023–24 Serie C. He made his senior and professional debut with the senior Atalanta team as a substitute in a 4–0 UEFA Europa League win over Raków Częstochowa on 14 December 2023.
Palestra is a youth international for Italy. In September 2023, he was called up to the Italy U18s for a set of friendlies. In November 2023 he was called up to the Italy U19s for a set of 2024 UEFA European Under-19 Championship qualification matches. | [
{
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"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Palestra began playing football with GS Assago where he stayed four years, had a year long stint with Inter Milan's academy before finally finishing his development with Atalanta's academy starting in 2014. Originally a central midfielder, at U17 level he was converted to a winger and then a right-back. He was promoted to the newly created Atalanta U23's in their debut season in the 2023–24 Serie C. He made his senior and professional debut with the senior Atalanta team as a substitute in a 4–0 UEFA Europa League win over Raków Częstochowa on 14 December 2023.",
"title": "Club career"
},
{
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"text": "Palestra is a youth international for Italy. In September 2023, he was called up to the Italy U18s for a set of friendlies. In November 2023 he was called up to the Italy U19s for a set of 2024 UEFA European Under-19 Championship qualification matches.",
"title": "International career"
}
] | Marco Palestra is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a right-back for Serie C Group A club Atalanta U23. | 2023-12-15T00:08:22Z | 2023-12-15T20:13:47Z | [
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75,567,216 | Westland Distillery | Westland Distillery is a distillery in Seattle. Their Garryana single malt whiskey was placed third best in the world in a 2023 blind taste test conducted by Whisky Advocate magazine. Garryana is aged in barrels made from Pacific Northwest native Garry oak, Quercus garryana. The company has a farm for experimental craft malting barley varieties in the Skagit Valley, north of Seattle, as well as purchasing barley from Skagit Valley Malting there. | [
{
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"text": "Westland Distillery is a distillery in Seattle. Their Garryana single malt whiskey was placed third best in the world in a 2023 blind taste test conducted by Whisky Advocate magazine. Garryana is aged in barrels made from Pacific Northwest native Garry oak, Quercus garryana. The company has a farm for experimental craft malting barley varieties in the Skagit Valley, north of Seattle, as well as purchasing barley from Skagit Valley Malting there.",
"title": ""
}
] | Westland Distillery is a distillery in Seattle. Their Garryana single malt whiskey was placed third best in the world in a 2023 blind taste test conducted by Whisky Advocate magazine. Garryana is aged in barrels made from Pacific Northwest native Garry oak, Quercus garryana. The company has a farm for experimental craft malting barley varieties in the Skagit Valley, north of Seattle, as well as purchasing barley from Skagit Valley Malting there. | 2023-12-15T00:09:26Z | 2023-12-18T16:40:49Z | [
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75,567,228 | Lepre | Lepre is a family name. Notable people with the surname include: | [
{
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"text": "Lepre is a family name. Notable people with the surname include:",
"title": ""
}
] | Lepre is a family name. Notable people with the surname include: Carolyn Ringer Lepre, American academic administrator
Francesco Lepre, Italian judoka
Gilbert Lèpre (1945-1974), French ice hockey player | 2023-12-15T00:10:48Z | 2023-12-15T03:29:42Z | [
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75,567,231 | Berlin Conference (December 6-7, 1917) | The Berlin Conference held on December 6 and 7, 1917 was a council of the German Imperial Crown summoned to the Imperial Chancellery by Emperor Wilhelm II to ratify the conditions on which the members of the Quadruple Alliance, or Central Powers would be prepared to accept an armistice with the Council of People's Commissars in power in Russia after the October Revolution.
The conference, which brought together civilians and soldiers, was also a new opportunity for confrontation between members of the civilian government and the military, who were opposed over the nature of the peace to be imposed on a defeated Russia. The former wanted to impose moderate conditions, while the latter favored a peace that would reflect the reality of the military balance on the Eastern Front, which favored the Central Powers. This opposition also forms around the question of control over the abandoned Russian territories.
Since the February Revolution, the Reich has been seeking to destabilize the Russian provisional government that succeeded Nicholas II, while the Russian army has been crumbling and rapidly losing its operational capacity.
Russia's new government soon came out in favor of continuing Russian involvement in the conflict, disappointing the wishes of the majority of the population. This policy also disappointed the Germans, who had expected the provisional government to request a suspension of operations. Thus, in April, the German government allowed exiled left-wing socialists (Bolsheviks), including Lenin and his relatives, to cross Germany by train to Russia to create a structured pacifist movement, in a context marked by the Russian population's weariness with the prolonged conflict.
In parallel with this agitation, the Russian army carried out a final offensive in Austro-Hungarian Galicia, which after some initial successes, gave the signal for the dissolution of the Russian army in July 1917, depriving the provisional government of any capacity to wage war effectively against the Central Powers.
On November 6 and 7, 1917, the Bolsheviks staged a successful coup d'état in Petrograd, installing a government that remained in precarious conditions. It was not until early December 1917 that Lenin and his government managed to stabilize their power, not only in the capital but also in Moscow: the efforts of Kerensky, the most dangerous of their rivals at the time, to restore his authority ended in failure, as the army did not intervene.
Since March, the German imperial government held a series of talks, both internally and with its quadruplicate allies, to define a program of war aims, despite the fact that the central powers had lost the strategic initiative in the previous year.
In Russia, the February Revolution raised hopes of the end of operations on the Eastern Front, but these hopes were quickly dashed by the declarations of the members of the provisional government, who supported the continuation of the war. On November 21, 1917, however, when the Bolsheviks had secured their power in Petrograd, Lenin requested the opening of peace negotiations, which were immediately refused by the Allies; this proposal was accepted on the advice of Max Hoffmann, Erich Ludendorff's Chief of Staff, and under pressure from Ottokar Czernin, the Austro-Hungarian Foreign Minister.
As soon as the acceptance of the Russian proposal was announced on December 2, 1917, Nikolai Krylenko, chief of staff of the Russian army appointed by the Council of People's Commissars, announced to the Russian troops the end of hostilities with the Central Powers, calling into question the operational capabilities of the Russian army: Russian soldiers, thinking that peace had been signed, fraternized with Austro-German troops; these fraternizations were initially encouraged by the OHL, the German High Command, despite the reservations of the Ober Ost, in charge of operations on the Eastern Front, and the AOK, the Austro-Hungarian Supreme Command.
The conference, held in the Imperial Chancellery and chaired by Emperor Wilhelm II, brought together representatives of the High Command with members of the Imperial Cabinet.
The Dioscuri, Paul von Hindenburg and Erich Ludendorff, accompanied by their Chief of Staff and principal advisor, Max Hoffmann, the "unavoidable man from the East," attended this Crown Council on behalf of the German High Command.
The Imperial Chancellor, Georg von Hertling, together with Richard von Kühlmann, the State Secretary for Foreign Affairs, represented the civil government. Despite the pre-eminence of his position, the Chancellor, a tired old man, who was disliked by the Lutheran elite because he was a Catholic, delegated the details of the exchange with the military to his minister: relations between the Ministry and the OHL were abominable.
The Bolshevik government's request gave rise to some reservations on the part of the Quadruple Alliance.
Richard von Kühlmann was the most cautious about the Russian proposals. He was well aware of the precariousness of the new power in Petrograd, which had been in place for two weeks and did not control Russian territory.
The revolutionary program of Lenin and his government seemed to frighten some German and Austro-Hungarian officials; indeed, Lenin's pacifist proclamations raised fears of contagion within the Central Powers. The program of "peace without annexations or indemnities", which found echoes in the opposition in the Reichstag, repelled the German government and military, who were all in favor of strengthening German power in Europe and Africa. What's more, this program exacerbated tensions between civilians and the military, with civilians calling for the establishment of independent states linked to Germany by long-term agreements, and the military for the annexation of the Baltic and Polish regions of the former Russian Empire to the Reich or to Prussia.
Some of the participants, especially members of the civilian government, favored opening negotiations with the new authorities in Petrograd, while the military wanted to resume hostilities, which had in fact been suspended for a month, and "restore order" in Russia in Ludendorff's words.
The civilians wanted the Eastern Front closed and long-term access to Russia's agricultural and mineral wealth, enabling the establishment of a continental bloc in Eastern Europe, supported by independent states detached from Russia and linked to the Reich by long-term political, technical and economic agreements; they also wanted to remain out of Russian political life. To firmly tie Russia to the Reich, trade clauses were also considered: the Russian government had to agree to a return to the customs rate in effect in 1914.
The civilians' program was bound to clash with the military, who were still in favor of annexations in the Baltic states and the military occupation of vast portions of Russian territory, including the seat of government, reduced to the role of extra and guarantor of Russia's proper administration. To legalize this military occupation, the military contemplated specific clauses in the peace treaty between Russia and the Central Powers, the reorganization of its army along Prussian lines and the permanent occupation of certain Russian cities or regions. Customs and trade clauses were also considered. The Russian government was required to adopt German trade standards, and to draw up regulations for rail traffic and rivers and canals based on the model in place in the Reich.
A study of the situation on the Russian front led those present to take a positive view of the overtures of the Russian government.
The precarious nature of Lenin's government did not prevent those present from considering the opening of armistice negotiations, despite the differences within the Reich government over the policy to be adopted in Russia.
The conference participants agreed on moderate armistice conditions, limited to a suspension of arms and an armistice line defined by the front line. They accepted the Bolsheviks' request to legalize fraternization between soldiers. However, a consensus was reached to limit its impact and scope: such meetings between German and Russian soldiers could only take place in specific locations, and exchanges of letters remained subject to postal control.
As the main players in Lenin's return to Russia, German leaders welcomed the new Russian government's requests to open negotiations.
Richard von Kühlmann, however, made no mistake about the solidity of the Petrograd government's power; despite the military's reluctance, he obtained de facto recognition of Lenin's government and the opening of peace negotiations. In the Secretary of State's view, no power that could impose itself through a possible overthrow of the Bolsheviks would be able to impose a resumption of hostilities against the Central Powers.
The Reich government did not wish to formally recognize the Council of People's Commissars as the legal government of the Russian Republic, but Richard von Kühlmann succeeded in getting the Kaiser to agree to a two-stage recognition of Lenin's government. In the first stage, the opening of negotiations was to lead to de facto recognition of its existence, then in the second stage, the signing of the peace treaty with the Central Powers would lead to the full recognition of the new government. This two-stage solution was the result of a compromise between Max Hoffmann and Richard von Kühlmann, who were both in favor of rapidly concluding peace with Russia, while the Dioscuri wished to realize the ambitious program of war objectives defined during the month of October.
This conference also represented the second opportunity to consider the peace terms that the Reich wished to impose on the Russian government.
While all participants agreed to remove Poland and the Baltic states from Russia, they remained divided over the nature of German control over these territories. The Russian demand for a cessation of hostilities did not put an end to the quarrels between civilians and the military: the civilians wanted to set up states linked to the Reich by long-term political, economic and military agreements, calling into question their real independence, while the military wanted extensive annexations in the Baltic states and Poland.
Civilians and the military also disagreed over the delineation of Russia's western borders, from the Baltic to the Black Sea, with the civilians calling for remote control of these territories. In particular, through a return to the clauses of the German-Russian trade treaty in force before the outbreak of the conflict. Meanwhile, the military favored evicting Russia from the Baltic states, Poland, Ukraine and the Caucasus. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Berlin Conference held on December 6 and 7, 1917 was a council of the German Imperial Crown summoned to the Imperial Chancellery by Emperor Wilhelm II to ratify the conditions on which the members of the Quadruple Alliance, or Central Powers would be prepared to accept an armistice with the Council of People's Commissars in power in Russia after the October Revolution.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The conference, which brought together civilians and soldiers, was also a new opportunity for confrontation between members of the civilian government and the military, who were opposed over the nature of the peace to be imposed on a defeated Russia. The former wanted to impose moderate conditions, while the latter favored a peace that would reflect the reality of the military balance on the Eastern Front, which favored the Central Powers. This opposition also forms around the question of control over the abandoned Russian territories.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Since the February Revolution, the Reich has been seeking to destabilize the Russian provisional government that succeeded Nicholas II, while the Russian army has been crumbling and rapidly losing its operational capacity.",
"title": "Context"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Russia's new government soon came out in favor of continuing Russian involvement in the conflict, disappointing the wishes of the majority of the population. This policy also disappointed the Germans, who had expected the provisional government to request a suspension of operations. Thus, in April, the German government allowed exiled left-wing socialists (Bolsheviks), including Lenin and his relatives, to cross Germany by train to Russia to create a structured pacifist movement, in a context marked by the Russian population's weariness with the prolonged conflict.",
"title": "Context"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In parallel with this agitation, the Russian army carried out a final offensive in Austro-Hungarian Galicia, which after some initial successes, gave the signal for the dissolution of the Russian army in July 1917, depriving the provisional government of any capacity to wage war effectively against the Central Powers.",
"title": "Context"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "On November 6 and 7, 1917, the Bolsheviks staged a successful coup d'état in Petrograd, installing a government that remained in precarious conditions. It was not until early December 1917 that Lenin and his government managed to stabilize their power, not only in the capital but also in Moscow: the efforts of Kerensky, the most dangerous of their rivals at the time, to restore his authority ended in failure, as the army did not intervene.",
"title": "Context"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Since March, the German imperial government held a series of talks, both internally and with its quadruplicate allies, to define a program of war aims, despite the fact that the central powers had lost the strategic initiative in the previous year.",
"title": "Context"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "In Russia, the February Revolution raised hopes of the end of operations on the Eastern Front, but these hopes were quickly dashed by the declarations of the members of the provisional government, who supported the continuation of the war. On November 21, 1917, however, when the Bolsheviks had secured their power in Petrograd, Lenin requested the opening of peace negotiations, which were immediately refused by the Allies; this proposal was accepted on the advice of Max Hoffmann, Erich Ludendorff's Chief of Staff, and under pressure from Ottokar Czernin, the Austro-Hungarian Foreign Minister.",
"title": "Context"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "As soon as the acceptance of the Russian proposal was announced on December 2, 1917, Nikolai Krylenko, chief of staff of the Russian army appointed by the Council of People's Commissars, announced to the Russian troops the end of hostilities with the Central Powers, calling into question the operational capabilities of the Russian army: Russian soldiers, thinking that peace had been signed, fraternized with Austro-German troops; these fraternizations were initially encouraged by the OHL, the German High Command, despite the reservations of the Ober Ost, in charge of operations on the Eastern Front, and the AOK, the Austro-Hungarian Supreme Command.",
"title": "Context"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "The conference, held in the Imperial Chancellery and chaired by Emperor Wilhelm II, brought together representatives of the High Command with members of the Imperial Cabinet.",
"title": "Participants"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "The Dioscuri, Paul von Hindenburg and Erich Ludendorff, accompanied by their Chief of Staff and principal advisor, Max Hoffmann, the \"unavoidable man from the East,\" attended this Crown Council on behalf of the German High Command.",
"title": "Participants"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "The Imperial Chancellor, Georg von Hertling, together with Richard von Kühlmann, the State Secretary for Foreign Affairs, represented the civil government. Despite the pre-eminence of his position, the Chancellor, a tired old man, who was disliked by the Lutheran elite because he was a Catholic, delegated the details of the exchange with the military to his minister: relations between the Ministry and the OHL were abominable.",
"title": "Participants"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "The Bolshevik government's request gave rise to some reservations on the part of the Quadruple Alliance.",
"title": "Discussions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "Richard von Kühlmann was the most cautious about the Russian proposals. He was well aware of the precariousness of the new power in Petrograd, which had been in place for two weeks and did not control Russian territory.",
"title": "Discussions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "The revolutionary program of Lenin and his government seemed to frighten some German and Austro-Hungarian officials; indeed, Lenin's pacifist proclamations raised fears of contagion within the Central Powers. The program of \"peace without annexations or indemnities\", which found echoes in the opposition in the Reichstag, repelled the German government and military, who were all in favor of strengthening German power in Europe and Africa. What's more, this program exacerbated tensions between civilians and the military, with civilians calling for the establishment of independent states linked to Germany by long-term agreements, and the military for the annexation of the Baltic and Polish regions of the former Russian Empire to the Reich or to Prussia.",
"title": "Discussions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "Some of the participants, especially members of the civilian government, favored opening negotiations with the new authorities in Petrograd, while the military wanted to resume hostilities, which had in fact been suspended for a month, and \"restore order\" in Russia in Ludendorff's words.",
"title": "Discussions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "The civilians wanted the Eastern Front closed and long-term access to Russia's agricultural and mineral wealth, enabling the establishment of a continental bloc in Eastern Europe, supported by independent states detached from Russia and linked to the Reich by long-term political, technical and economic agreements; they also wanted to remain out of Russian political life. To firmly tie Russia to the Reich, trade clauses were also considered: the Russian government had to agree to a return to the customs rate in effect in 1914.",
"title": "Discussions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "The civilians' program was bound to clash with the military, who were still in favor of annexations in the Baltic states and the military occupation of vast portions of Russian territory, including the seat of government, reduced to the role of extra and guarantor of Russia's proper administration. To legalize this military occupation, the military contemplated specific clauses in the peace treaty between Russia and the Central Powers, the reorganization of its army along Prussian lines and the permanent occupation of certain Russian cities or regions. Customs and trade clauses were also considered. The Russian government was required to adopt German trade standards, and to draw up regulations for rail traffic and rivers and canals based on the model in place in the Reich.",
"title": "Discussions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "A study of the situation on the Russian front led those present to take a positive view of the overtures of the Russian government.",
"title": "Decisions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 19,
"text": "The precarious nature of Lenin's government did not prevent those present from considering the opening of armistice negotiations, despite the differences within the Reich government over the policy to be adopted in Russia.",
"title": "Decisions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 20,
"text": "The conference participants agreed on moderate armistice conditions, limited to a suspension of arms and an armistice line defined by the front line. They accepted the Bolsheviks' request to legalize fraternization between soldiers. However, a consensus was reached to limit its impact and scope: such meetings between German and Russian soldiers could only take place in specific locations, and exchanges of letters remained subject to postal control.",
"title": "Decisions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 21,
"text": "As the main players in Lenin's return to Russia, German leaders welcomed the new Russian government's requests to open negotiations.",
"title": "Decisions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 22,
"text": "Richard von Kühlmann, however, made no mistake about the solidity of the Petrograd government's power; despite the military's reluctance, he obtained de facto recognition of Lenin's government and the opening of peace negotiations. In the Secretary of State's view, no power that could impose itself through a possible overthrow of the Bolsheviks would be able to impose a resumption of hostilities against the Central Powers.",
"title": "Decisions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 23,
"text": "The Reich government did not wish to formally recognize the Council of People's Commissars as the legal government of the Russian Republic, but Richard von Kühlmann succeeded in getting the Kaiser to agree to a two-stage recognition of Lenin's government. In the first stage, the opening of negotiations was to lead to de facto recognition of its existence, then in the second stage, the signing of the peace treaty with the Central Powers would lead to the full recognition of the new government. This two-stage solution was the result of a compromise between Max Hoffmann and Richard von Kühlmann, who were both in favor of rapidly concluding peace with Russia, while the Dioscuri wished to realize the ambitious program of war objectives defined during the month of October.",
"title": "Decisions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 24,
"text": "This conference also represented the second opportunity to consider the peace terms that the Reich wished to impose on the Russian government.",
"title": "Decisions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 25,
"text": "While all participants agreed to remove Poland and the Baltic states from Russia, they remained divided over the nature of German control over these territories. The Russian demand for a cessation of hostilities did not put an end to the quarrels between civilians and the military: the civilians wanted to set up states linked to the Reich by long-term political, economic and military agreements, calling into question their real independence, while the military wanted extensive annexations in the Baltic states and Poland.",
"title": "Decisions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 26,
"text": "Civilians and the military also disagreed over the delineation of Russia's western borders, from the Baltic to the Black Sea, with the civilians calling for remote control of these territories. In particular, through a return to the clauses of the German-Russian trade treaty in force before the outbreak of the conflict. Meanwhile, the military favored evicting Russia from the Baltic states, Poland, Ukraine and the Caucasus.",
"title": "Decisions"
}
] | The Berlin Conference held on December 6 and 7, 1917 was a council of the German Imperial Crown summoned to the Imperial Chancellery by Emperor Wilhelm II to ratify the conditions on which the members of the Quadruple Alliance, or Central Powers would be prepared to accept an armistice with the Council of People's Commissars in power in Russia after the October Revolution. The conference, which brought together civilians and soldiers, was also a new opportunity for confrontation between members of the civilian government and the military, who were opposed over the nature of the peace to be imposed on a defeated Russia. The former wanted to impose moderate conditions, while the latter favored a peace that would reflect the reality of the military balance on the Eastern Front, which favored the Central Powers. This opposition also forms around the question of control over the abandoned Russian territories. | 2023-12-15T00:11:51Z | 2023-12-22T22:52:56Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Conference_(December_6-7,_1917) |
75,567,239 | Tony Gelling | Anthony Massey Gelling (born 1 February 1946) is an Australian former rugby union international.
Raised in West Wyalong, Gelling was a loose forward who was capped twice for the Wallabies. He had a tough initiation to representative football when as a 20 year old he was in the New South Wales Country which played the visiting 1966 British Lions, before making his state debut two years later. His Wallabies caps came on the 1972 tour of New Zealand and Fiji, debuting in the 1st Bledisloe Cup in Wellington as a number eight. He gained his second cap as a flanker against Fiji in Suva. He was Australia's captain, coach and manager for the inaugural Hong Kong Sevens in 1977.
Gelling is an uncle of rugby players Scott Staniforth and Graydon Staniforth. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Anthony Massey Gelling (born 1 February 1946) is an Australian former rugby union international.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Raised in West Wyalong, Gelling was a loose forward who was capped twice for the Wallabies. He had a tough initiation to representative football when as a 20 year old he was in the New South Wales Country which played the visiting 1966 British Lions, before making his state debut two years later. His Wallabies caps came on the 1972 tour of New Zealand and Fiji, debuting in the 1st Bledisloe Cup in Wellington as a number eight. He gained his second cap as a flanker against Fiji in Suva. He was Australia's captain, coach and manager for the inaugural Hong Kong Sevens in 1977.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Gelling is an uncle of rugby players Scott Staniforth and Graydon Staniforth.",
"title": ""
}
] | Anthony Massey Gelling is an Australian former rugby union international. Raised in West Wyalong, Gelling was a loose forward who was capped twice for the Wallabies. He had a tough initiation to representative football when as a 20 year old he was in the New South Wales Country which played the visiting 1966 British Lions, before making his state debut two years later. His Wallabies caps came on the 1972 tour of New Zealand and Fiji, debuting in the 1st Bledisloe Cup in Wellington as a number eight. He gained his second cap as a flanker against Fiji in Suva. He was Australia's captain, coach and manager for the inaugural Hong Kong Sevens in 1977. Gelling is an uncle of rugby players Scott Staniforth and Graydon Staniforth. | 2023-12-15T00:13:11Z | 2023-12-15T00:15:32Z | [
"Template:Infobox rugby biography",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite news",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Gelling |
75,567,255 | Astonish | [] | 2023-12-15T00:14:15Z | 2023-12-15T00:14:15Z | [
"Template:Wi",
"Template:Short pages monitor"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astonish |
||
75,567,287 | Te-Hina Paopao | Te-Hina Paopao (born August 21, 2002) is an American college basketball player for the South Carolina Gamecocks of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). She previously played for the Oregon Ducks.
Paopao played basketball for La Jolla Country Day School in La Jolla, California. She suffered a torn ACL in each of her first two seasons. As a senior, Paopao averaged 22.7 points, 8 rebounds, 4.3 assists and 3.3 steals per game. She led her team to a 32–1 record and the Southern California Open Division regional title, but the state championship game was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Paopao received McDonald's All-American honors and was named California Gatorade Player of the Year and California Ms. Basketball. Rated a five-star recruit by ESPN, she committed to playing college basketball for Oregon over offers from California, Oregon State and UCLA, among other programs.
Paopao entered her freshman season as Oregon's starting point guard, replacing Sabrina Ionescu. She averaged 10.2 points, 4.4 assists and 3.2 rebounds per game, earning All-Pac-12 honors, and missed her last five games with a foot injury. As a sophomore, Paopao was sidelined early in the season due to injury. She averaged 13.6 points, 4.2 rebounds and 3.4 assists per game, repeating as an All-Pac-12 selection. In her junior season, Paopao averaged 13.1 points, 4.2 rebounds 3.3 assists per game, earning All-Pac-12 honorable mention. For her senior season, she transferred to South Carolina.
Paopao represented the United States at the 2021 FIBA Under-19 Women's Basketball World Cup in Hungary. She averaged 9.1 points, 4.6 assists and 3.9 rebounds per game, helping her team win the gold medal.
Paopao is of Polynesian descent. Her uncle, Joe Salave'a, played in the National Football League as a defensive tackle before becoming a college football coach. She is a cousin of softball player Megan Faraimo. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Te-Hina Paopao (born August 21, 2002) is an American college basketball player for the South Carolina Gamecocks of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). She previously played for the Oregon Ducks.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Paopao played basketball for La Jolla Country Day School in La Jolla, California. She suffered a torn ACL in each of her first two seasons. As a senior, Paopao averaged 22.7 points, 8 rebounds, 4.3 assists and 3.3 steals per game. She led her team to a 32–1 record and the Southern California Open Division regional title, but the state championship game was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Paopao received McDonald's All-American honors and was named California Gatorade Player of the Year and California Ms. Basketball. Rated a five-star recruit by ESPN, she committed to playing college basketball for Oregon over offers from California, Oregon State and UCLA, among other programs.",
"title": "High school career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Paopao entered her freshman season as Oregon's starting point guard, replacing Sabrina Ionescu. She averaged 10.2 points, 4.4 assists and 3.2 rebounds per game, earning All-Pac-12 honors, and missed her last five games with a foot injury. As a sophomore, Paopao was sidelined early in the season due to injury. She averaged 13.6 points, 4.2 rebounds and 3.4 assists per game, repeating as an All-Pac-12 selection. In her junior season, Paopao averaged 13.1 points, 4.2 rebounds 3.3 assists per game, earning All-Pac-12 honorable mention. For her senior season, she transferred to South Carolina.",
"title": "College career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Paopao represented the United States at the 2021 FIBA Under-19 Women's Basketball World Cup in Hungary. She averaged 9.1 points, 4.6 assists and 3.9 rebounds per game, helping her team win the gold medal.",
"title": "National team career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Paopao is of Polynesian descent. Her uncle, Joe Salave'a, played in the National Football League as a defensive tackle before becoming a college football coach. She is a cousin of softball player Megan Faraimo.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | Te-Hina Paopao is an American college basketball player for the South Carolina Gamecocks of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). She previously played for the Oregon Ducks. | 2023-12-15T00:18:13Z | 2023-12-15T06:36:42Z | [
"Template:Short description",
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"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Te-Hina_Paopao |
75,567,295 | Afife Kadin | Afife Kadın (1682-after 1718), was a consort of the Ottoman sultan Mustafa II.
Her origin is not confirmed, but she is believed to have fallen victim to the Crimean-Nogai raids and came to Constantinople via the Crimean slave trade, where she was purchased by minister Ebu Bekir Efendi for the Ottoman Imperial Harem, and given as a gift to the sultan in cirka 1695, at the age of ten. She was the only concubine the sultan brought with him during all his three campaigns. She is documented several times when she received gifts from the sultan. She was the mother of five sons and one daughter with the sultan. All her five sons died in infancy.
When Mustafa II died in 1703, she was legally manumitted as an umm walad, since she had children with her master, and Mustafa II's successor Ahmed III ordered her to leave the Imperial harem by marriage, and choose her husband among the officials of the Porte. She reportedly asked Ahmed III not to force her to marry, but to kill her instead, with the argument that she had given birth to five sons with the former sultan. Ahmed III replied that while she had indeed given birth to six children with Mustafa II, all her sons were dead and only a daughter were alive, and repeated his demand for her to choose a husband. She finnally chose the 80 years old minister Ebu Bekir Efendi. Her choice was said to be gratitude to Ebu Bekir because he had once brought her to the Imperial harem, but she also stated that the marriage was not to be consummated because she wished to be faithful to Mustafa II.
In March 1718, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu visited Afife Kadın in Edirne. She described her in her letters as the favorite of the former sultan. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Afife Kadın (1682-after 1718), was a consort of the Ottoman sultan Mustafa II.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Her origin is not confirmed, but she is believed to have fallen victim to the Crimean-Nogai raids and came to Constantinople via the Crimean slave trade, where she was purchased by minister Ebu Bekir Efendi for the Ottoman Imperial Harem, and given as a gift to the sultan in cirka 1695, at the age of ten. She was the only concubine the sultan brought with him during all his three campaigns. She is documented several times when she received gifts from the sultan. She was the mother of five sons and one daughter with the sultan. All her five sons died in infancy.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "When Mustafa II died in 1703, she was legally manumitted as an umm walad, since she had children with her master, and Mustafa II's successor Ahmed III ordered her to leave the Imperial harem by marriage, and choose her husband among the officials of the Porte. She reportedly asked Ahmed III not to force her to marry, but to kill her instead, with the argument that she had given birth to five sons with the former sultan. Ahmed III replied that while she had indeed given birth to six children with Mustafa II, all her sons were dead and only a daughter were alive, and repeated his demand for her to choose a husband. She finnally chose the 80 years old minister Ebu Bekir Efendi. Her choice was said to be gratitude to Ebu Bekir because he had once brought her to the Imperial harem, but she also stated that the marriage was not to be consummated because she wished to be faithful to Mustafa II.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In March 1718, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu visited Afife Kadın in Edirne. She described her in her letters as the favorite of the former sultan.",
"title": ""
}
] | Afife Kadın, was a consort of the Ottoman sultan Mustafa II. Her origin is not confirmed, but she is believed to have fallen victim to the Crimean-Nogai raids and came to Constantinople via the Crimean slave trade, where she was purchased by minister Ebu Bekir Efendi for the Ottoman Imperial Harem, and given as a gift to the sultan in cirka 1695, at the age of ten.
She was the only concubine the sultan brought with him during all his three campaigns. She is documented several times when she received gifts from the sultan.
She was the mother of five sons and one daughter with the sultan. All her five sons died in infancy. When Mustafa II died in 1703, she was legally manumitted as an umm walad, since she had children with her master, and Mustafa II's successor Ahmed III ordered her to leave the Imperial harem by marriage, and choose her husband among the officials of the Porte. She reportedly asked Ahmed III not to force her to marry, but to kill her instead, with the argument that she had given birth to five sons with the former sultan. Ahmed III replied that while she had indeed given birth to six children with Mustafa II, all her sons were dead and only a daughter were alive, and repeated his demand for her to choose a husband. She finnally chose the 80 years old minister Ebu Bekir Efendi. Her choice was said to be gratitude to Ebu Bekir because he had once brought her to the Imperial harem, but she also stated that the marriage was not to be consummated because she wished to be faithful to Mustafa II. In March 1718, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu visited Afife Kadın in Edirne. She described her in her letters as the favorite of the former sultan. | 2023-12-15T00:20:28Z | 2023-12-26T13:36:33Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afife_Kadin |
75,567,298 | Assuage | [] | 2023-12-15T00:21:24Z | 2023-12-15T00:21:24Z | [
"Template:Wi",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assuage |
||
75,567,300 | Assort | [] | 2023-12-15T00:21:43Z | 2023-12-15T00:21:43Z | [
"Template:Wi",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assort |
||
75,567,303 | 2005 USA Sevens | The 2005 USA Sevens was the second time that the USA Sevens rugby tournament was played. New Zealand defeated Argentina 34–5 in the final placing the them atop the overall series standings. This victory clinched New Zealand's third consecutive IRB Sevens tour title following victories in New Zealand and South Africa.
The teams were drawn into four pools of four teams each, with each team playing every other team in their pool once. The top two teams from each pool advanced to the Cup/Plate brackets. The bottom two teams from each group went to the Bowl/Shield brackets.
References: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2005 USA Sevens was the second time that the USA Sevens rugby tournament was played. New Zealand defeated Argentina 34–5 in the final placing the them atop the overall series standings. This victory clinched New Zealand's third consecutive IRB Sevens tour title following victories in New Zealand and South Africa.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The teams were drawn into four pools of four teams each, with each team playing every other team in their pool once. The top two teams from each pool advanced to the Cup/Plate brackets. The bottom two teams from each group went to the Bowl/Shield brackets.",
"title": "Format"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "References:",
"title": "Pool Stage"
}
] | The 2005 USA Sevens was the second time that the USA Sevens rugby tournament was played. New Zealand defeated Argentina 34–5 in the final placing the them atop the overall series standings. This victory clinched New Zealand's third consecutive IRB Sevens tour title following victories in New Zealand and South Africa. | 2023-12-15T00:22:21Z | 2023-12-15T00:33:13Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_USA_Sevens |
75,567,304 | Carmen Holinka | Carmen Holinka (born 16 December 1968) is a former German football player and coach who played for Grün-Weiß Brauweiler. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Carmen Holinka (born 16 December 1968) is a former German football player and coach who played for Grün-Weiß Brauweiler.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Carmen Holinka is a former German football player and coach who played for Grün-Weiß Brauweiler. | 2023-12-15T00:22:23Z | 2023-12-19T01:52:46Z | [
"Template:Germany-women-footy-bio-stub",
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"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carmen_Holinka |
75,567,339 | A Minha Casinha | A Minha Casinha (lit. My little house or My dear house) is a 2023 French-Portuguese film directed by António Sequeira in his directorial feature debut. The film was presented at the Austin film festival, where it received the Audience award.
On his 18th anniversary, in Autumn, Tomas is getting ready to leave his home in Caldas de Aregos, near Baião, in the Porto region, in Northern Portugal, to go to Britain study medicine. He helps his father making his wine with his sister Belinha while the mother his preparing his favourite dish.
Tomas comes back for Christmas and Belinha tells him she too is about to leave to study fashion design abroad. He then comes back the next year for Eastern to introduce his British girlfriend, who leaves soon after. He only comes back the next Autumn to celebrate his birthday with his family and friends.
In Portuguese theatres the film was preceded by a message of gratitude by the director and some members of the crew.
The film is inspired by “A Cidade e as Serras” (lit. The city and the hills) by Eça de Queirós.
The film was released in Portugal on December 14, 2023.
The film was described by Observador as "telling the story of a family, the time that passes, what never changes while the son emigrates". "It's a Portuguese film, it's generous, but not as popular as other film that premiered recently, and it runs the biggest risk that can happen to a cinematographic work: being ignored!", commented the Jornal de Noticias. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "A Minha Casinha (lit. My little house or My dear house) is a 2023 French-Portuguese film directed by António Sequeira in his directorial feature debut. The film was presented at the Austin film festival, where it received the Audience award.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "On his 18th anniversary, in Autumn, Tomas is getting ready to leave his home in Caldas de Aregos, near Baião, in the Porto region, in Northern Portugal, to go to Britain study medicine. He helps his father making his wine with his sister Belinha while the mother his preparing his favourite dish.",
"title": "Plot"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Tomas comes back for Christmas and Belinha tells him she too is about to leave to study fashion design abroad. He then comes back the next year for Eastern to introduce his British girlfriend, who leaves soon after. He only comes back the next Autumn to celebrate his birthday with his family and friends.",
"title": "Plot"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In Portuguese theatres the film was preceded by a message of gratitude by the director and some members of the crew.",
"title": "Plot"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The film is inspired by “A Cidade e as Serras” (lit. The city and the hills) by Eça de Queirós.",
"title": "Production"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The film was released in Portugal on December 14, 2023.",
"title": "Release"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The film was described by Observador as \"telling the story of a family, the time that passes, what never changes while the son emigrates\". \"It's a Portuguese film, it's generous, but not as popular as other film that premiered recently, and it runs the biggest risk that can happen to a cinematographic work: being ignored!\", commented the Jornal de Noticias.",
"title": "Reception"
}
] | A Minha Casinha is a 2023 French-Portuguese film directed by António Sequeira in his directorial feature debut. The film was presented at the Austin film festival, where it received the Audience award. | 2023-12-15T00:28:32Z | 2023-12-25T18:27:34Z | [
"Template:Infobox film",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Minha_Casinha |
75,567,343 | Mick Freney | Michael Ernest Freney (born 10 May 1948) is an Australian former rugby union international.
Freney was born in Brisbane and educated at Nudgee College.
A hooker, Freney played for Brisbane club Brothers and made his state debut in 1970. A strong performance for Queensland against New South Wales Country in 1972 won him a Wallabies call up for that year's tour of New Zealand, where he featured in all three Tests. He gained further caps on the 1973 tour of Europe. | [
{
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"text": "Michael Ernest Freney (born 10 May 1948) is an Australian former rugby union international.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Freney was born in Brisbane and educated at Nudgee College.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "A hooker, Freney played for Brisbane club Brothers and made his state debut in 1970. A strong performance for Queensland against New South Wales Country in 1972 won him a Wallabies call up for that year's tour of New Zealand, where he featured in all three Tests. He gained further caps on the 1973 tour of Europe.",
"title": ""
}
] | Michael Ernest Freney is an Australian former rugby union international. Freney was born in Brisbane and educated at Nudgee College. A hooker, Freney played for Brisbane club Brothers and made his state debut in 1970. A strong performance for Queensland against New South Wales Country in 1972 won him a Wallabies call up for that year's tour of New Zealand, where he featured in all three Tests. He gained further caps on the 1973 tour of Europe. | 2023-12-15T00:29:28Z | 2023-12-15T00:36:15Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mick_Freney |
75,567,348 | Castor Maritime | Castor Maritime Inc is a seaborne transport (or ocean transport) global shipping company that delivers unpackaged goods in large quantities of bulk in containership vessels. The company was founded by Petros Panagiotidis in early September 2017 and it is headquartered in Cyprus, Greece.
Castor Maritime in offers a wide range of commodities such as steel products, cement, raw bauxite, iron ores, coal, scrap metals, sugar, and whole grains. The company owes three types of tanker vessels such as dry bulk, oil tanker vessels (or petroleum tanker) and a LR2 (Long-range 2) type tanker vessels.
Castor Maritime was founded in September 2017 in Cyprus, Greece by Petros Panagiotidis incorporated under the laws of Marshall Islands. Panagiotidis founded Castor Maritime Inc. in 2017, he is the Chief Financial Officer and Chief Executive Officer and also holds a position in the Board of Directors since the establishment of his company. Panagiotidis graduated from Fordham University with a degree in International Studies and Mathematics and a master's degree in Risk Management from New York University.
Dionysios Makris served in the Hellenic Navy as Officer as the Special operations (or Ops Officer) Navigation Admin in 1983 to 1986. From 1998 to 2005, Makris served in Greek military as the commanding officer for the HS KOS and Division officers and Weapons officer. Makris graduated in 2003 from the Hellenic Naval Academy where he received a Master's degree in Military, Strategic and Management studies. During October 1998 to August 2001, he worked as the Radar and Fire Control Engineer for NATO SeaSparrow Project administered by Greece's Defense and Space Industry. In 2005, Makris served as the National Liaison Officer for the Hellenic Navy General Staff at NATO Undersea Research Centre (NURC) Scientific Committee of National Representatives National Liaison Officers and Observers for Maritime Innovation. NURC conducts maritime research in support of new military capabilities for NATO organized into four research areas. In 2011, Dionysios Markris was promoted to the Deputy Chief of Staff for NATO headquarters stationed in Naples. In April 2021, Castor Maritime announced that they raised $125 million in a public offering for Castor Maritime.
In April 2021, Castor Maritime announced that it had entered an into an agreement through two subsidiaries from an unaffiliated third-party vendor to purchase two 2005 Korean-built Aframax tanker vessels for $27.2 million.
In a statement the Castor Maritime chief executive officer Petros Panagiotidis said, "We are pleased to announce our tenth vessel acquisition in 2021 with the addition of an Aframax tanker to Castor’s fleet. Upon completion of all our recently announced acquisitions, our fleet will consist of sixteen vessels. “We constantly monitor the market for attractive acquisition opportunities across vessel sizes and segments.""
On October 19, 2023, Castor Maritime received a 180-day extension to meet the NASDAQ's $1 per share hold minimum bid requirement, with its deadline reset to April 15, 2024. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Castor Maritime Inc is a seaborne transport (or ocean transport) global shipping company that delivers unpackaged goods in large quantities of bulk in containership vessels. The company was founded by Petros Panagiotidis in early September 2017 and it is headquartered in Cyprus, Greece.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Castor Maritime in offers a wide range of commodities such as steel products, cement, raw bauxite, iron ores, coal, scrap metals, sugar, and whole grains. The company owes three types of tanker vessels such as dry bulk, oil tanker vessels (or petroleum tanker) and a LR2 (Long-range 2) type tanker vessels.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Castor Maritime was founded in September 2017 in Cyprus, Greece by Petros Panagiotidis incorporated under the laws of Marshall Islands. Panagiotidis founded Castor Maritime Inc. in 2017, he is the Chief Financial Officer and Chief Executive Officer and also holds a position in the Board of Directors since the establishment of his company. Panagiotidis graduated from Fordham University with a degree in International Studies and Mathematics and a master's degree in Risk Management from New York University.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Dionysios Makris served in the Hellenic Navy as Officer as the Special operations (or Ops Officer) Navigation Admin in 1983 to 1986. From 1998 to 2005, Makris served in Greek military as the commanding officer for the HS KOS and Division officers and Weapons officer. Makris graduated in 2003 from the Hellenic Naval Academy where he received a Master's degree in Military, Strategic and Management studies. During October 1998 to August 2001, he worked as the Radar and Fire Control Engineer for NATO SeaSparrow Project administered by Greece's Defense and Space Industry. In 2005, Makris served as the National Liaison Officer for the Hellenic Navy General Staff at NATO Undersea Research Centre (NURC) Scientific Committee of National Representatives National Liaison Officers and Observers for Maritime Innovation. NURC conducts maritime research in support of new military capabilities for NATO organized into four research areas. In 2011, Dionysios Markris was promoted to the Deputy Chief of Staff for NATO headquarters stationed in Naples. In April 2021, Castor Maritime announced that they raised $125 million in a public offering for Castor Maritime.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In April 2021, Castor Maritime announced that it had entered an into an agreement through two subsidiaries from an unaffiliated third-party vendor to purchase two 2005 Korean-built Aframax tanker vessels for $27.2 million.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In a statement the Castor Maritime chief executive officer Petros Panagiotidis said, \"We are pleased to announce our tenth vessel acquisition in 2021 with the addition of an Aframax tanker to Castor’s fleet. Upon completion of all our recently announced acquisitions, our fleet will consist of sixteen vessels. “We constantly monitor the market for attractive acquisition opportunities across vessel sizes and segments.\"\"",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "On October 19, 2023, Castor Maritime received a 180-day extension to meet the NASDAQ's $1 per share hold minimum bid requirement, with its deadline reset to April 15, 2024.",
"title": "Castor Maritime Fleet Acquisition"
}
] | Castor Maritime Inc is a seaborne transport global shipping company that delivers unpackaged goods in large quantities of bulk in containership vessels. The company was founded by Petros Panagiotidis in early September 2017 and it is headquartered in Cyprus, Greece. Castor Maritime in offers a wide range of commodities such as steel products, cement, raw bauxite, iron ores, coal, scrap metals, sugar, and whole grains. The company owes three types of tanker vessels such as dry bulk, oil tanker vessels and a LR2 type tanker vessels. | 2023-12-15T00:30:26Z | 2023-12-30T10:04:02Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castor_Maritime |
75,567,363 | The Seal of Silence | The Seal of Silence is a lost 1918 silent feature film. It was directed by Thomas R. Mills and starred Earle Williams. It was produced and distributed by the Vitagraph Company of America.
Not to be confused with a 1913 film of the same name by Mutual. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Seal of Silence is a lost 1918 silent feature film. It was directed by Thomas R. Mills and starred Earle Williams. It was produced and distributed by the Vitagraph Company of America.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Not to be confused with a 1913 film of the same name by Mutual.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "",
"title": "Cast"
}
] | The Seal of Silence is a lost 1918 silent feature film. It was directed by Thomas R. Mills and starred Earle Williams. It was produced and distributed by the Vitagraph Company of America. Not to be confused with a 1913 film of the same name by Mutual. | 2023-12-15T00:33:09Z | 2023-12-18T19:54:00Z | [
"Template:Infobox film",
"Template:Reflist"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Seal_of_Silence |
75,567,386 | Nicolas King | Nicolas Francis King (born 14 April 2004) is a Vanuatuan footballer who plays as a defender for Port Vila Premier League club Mauriki.
King was born on 14 April 2004 in Port Vila to Francis and Gloria Julia King. His father is a businessman and former Member of Parliament for the Efate Rural constituency in Vanuatu. His mother is also a Member of Parliament and was a former international footballer and manager for Vanuatu. King attended Central School in Port Vila and played football for Mauriki, eventually breaking into their first team at the age of 16. He was offered a two-week trial by A-League Men club Central Coast Mariners in Gosford, Australia through Brian Kaltak's agent in December 2023.
King represented the Vanuatu under-19 in the OFC U-19 Championship and Vanuatu under-23 squads. He was named captain for the under-23s ahead of the 2023 OFC Olympic Qualifying Tournament. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Nicolas Francis King (born 14 April 2004) is a Vanuatuan footballer who plays as a defender for Port Vila Premier League club Mauriki.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "King was born on 14 April 2004 in Port Vila to Francis and Gloria Julia King. His father is a businessman and former Member of Parliament for the Efate Rural constituency in Vanuatu. His mother is also a Member of Parliament and was a former international footballer and manager for Vanuatu. King attended Central School in Port Vila and played football for Mauriki, eventually breaking into their first team at the age of 16. He was offered a two-week trial by A-League Men club Central Coast Mariners in Gosford, Australia through Brian Kaltak's agent in December 2023.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "King represented the Vanuatu under-19 in the OFC U-19 Championship and Vanuatu under-23 squads. He was named captain for the under-23s ahead of the 2023 OFC Olympic Qualifying Tournament.",
"title": "International career"
}
] | Nicolas Francis King is a Vanuatuan footballer who plays as a defender for Port Vila Premier League club Mauriki. | 2023-12-15T00:37:43Z | 2023-12-17T02:04:06Z | [
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox football biography",
"Template:Reflist",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_King |
75,567,448 | A. fiebrigii | A. fiebrigii may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "A. fiebrigii may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | A. fiebrigii may refer to: Aa fiebrigii, species of orchid
Aloysia fiebrigii, species of flowering plants
Aylostera fiebrigii, species of cactus | 2023-12-15T00:50:54Z | 2023-12-15T00:50:54Z | [
"Template:Italic title",
"Template:Species Latin name abbreviation disambiguation"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A._fiebrigii |
75,567,449 | Downtown Los Angeles Film Festival | The Downtown Los Angeles Film Festival (DTLAFF) is an annual film festival based in Downtown Los Angeles.
The festival was founded in 2008 and the venue used is the Regal Cinemas at L.A. Live. The Grammy Museum helped sponsor the festival in 2009. As of 2018, the festival is the largest film and television event in the downtown area. Some of the feature films that screened that year previously debuted at Tribeca Festival, South by Southwest and Sundance Film Festival. The festival was previously known as Downtown Film Festival Los Angeles (DFFLA).
Since 2019, Greg Ptaceck has managed the festival which showcased over 100 films that year, most of which were directed by women. Recipients of the Independent Film Pioneer Award include Laura Dern, Kathy Griffin, John Hawkes, William H. Macy, Virginia Madsen, John C. Reilly, Julie Delpy and Mark Ruffalo. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Downtown Los Angeles Film Festival (DTLAFF) is an annual film festival based in Downtown Los Angeles.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The festival was founded in 2008 and the venue used is the Regal Cinemas at L.A. Live. The Grammy Museum helped sponsor the festival in 2009. As of 2018, the festival is the largest film and television event in the downtown area. Some of the feature films that screened that year previously debuted at Tribeca Festival, South by Southwest and Sundance Film Festival. The festival was previously known as Downtown Film Festival Los Angeles (DFFLA).",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Since 2019, Greg Ptaceck has managed the festival which showcased over 100 films that year, most of which were directed by women. Recipients of the Independent Film Pioneer Award include Laura Dern, Kathy Griffin, John Hawkes, William H. Macy, Virginia Madsen, John C. Reilly, Julie Delpy and Mark Ruffalo.",
"title": "History"
}
] | The Downtown Los Angeles Film Festival (DTLAFF) is an annual film festival based in Downtown Los Angeles. | 2023-12-15T00:50:58Z | 2023-12-31T00:20:44Z | [
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox film festival",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downtown_Los_Angeles_Film_Festival |
75,567,476 | Raul Brandão Municipal Library | The Raul Brandão Municipal Library (Portuguese: Biblioteca Municipal Raul Brandão) is located in Guimarães, and it has been part of the National Public Reading Network (Rede Nacional de Leitura Pública) since 1987.
The library was created after the Portuguese writer Branquinho da Fonseca was invited by Azeredo Perdigão, in 1958, to found and direct the Library services of the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation.
The building of the Raul Brandão Municipal Library was built in 1834 and it served as the house of the Carneiros family.
In 1964, the board of the Círculo de Arte e Recreio (CAR) sent a request for support to the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, and two years later, in 1966, the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation Fixed Library No. 127 was inaugurated at the CAR headquarters.
Between 1975 and 1992, the library was housed in the old Paços do Concelho de Guimarães. In 1987, the project to create a municipal library began. On March 7, 1992, the Raul Brandão Municipal Library was inaugurated, located in Largo Cónego José Maria Gomes.
As of April 2023, the library has a collection of approximately 90,000 items, including books, magazines, newspapers and other materials in the areas of literature, history, geography, art, social sciences, as well as an audiovisual section.
The Raul Brandão Municipal Library offers home loan services, local consultation, free internet access and access to digital databases. The space also hosts cultural activities such as exhibitions, lectures, courses and workshops.
The name given to the Guimarães Municipal Library is a tribute to the Portuguese soldier, journalist and writer Raul Germano Brandão, who lived in Guimarães after being assigned to the 20th Infantry Regiment as an ensign. Brandão lived in the city between 1886 and 1901, where he married Maria Angelina de Araújo Abreu. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Raul Brandão Municipal Library (Portuguese: Biblioteca Municipal Raul Brandão) is located in Guimarães, and it has been part of the National Public Reading Network (Rede Nacional de Leitura Pública) since 1987.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "The library was created after the Portuguese writer Branquinho da Fonseca was invited by Azeredo Perdigão, in 1958, to found and direct the Library services of the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "The building of the Raul Brandão Municipal Library was built in 1834 and it served as the house of the Carneiros family.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 1964, the board of the Círculo de Arte e Recreio (CAR) sent a request for support to the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, and two years later, in 1966, the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation Fixed Library No. 127 was inaugurated at the CAR headquarters.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Between 1975 and 1992, the library was housed in the old Paços do Concelho de Guimarães. In 1987, the project to create a municipal library began. On March 7, 1992, the Raul Brandão Municipal Library was inaugurated, located in Largo Cónego José Maria Gomes.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "As of April 2023, the library has a collection of approximately 90,000 items, including books, magazines, newspapers and other materials in the areas of literature, history, geography, art, social sciences, as well as an audiovisual section.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The Raul Brandão Municipal Library offers home loan services, local consultation, free internet access and access to digital databases. The space also hosts cultural activities such as exhibitions, lectures, courses and workshops.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The name given to the Guimarães Municipal Library is a tribute to the Portuguese soldier, journalist and writer Raul Germano Brandão, who lived in Guimarães after being assigned to the 20th Infantry Regiment as an ensign. Brandão lived in the city between 1886 and 1901, where he married Maria Angelina de Araújo Abreu.",
"title": "Tribute"
}
] | The Raul Brandão Municipal Library is located in Guimarães, and it has been part of the National Public Reading Network since 1987. The library was created after the Portuguese writer Branquinho da Fonseca was invited by Azeredo Perdigão, in 1958, to found and direct the Library services of the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation. | 2023-12-15T00:54:35Z | 2023-12-28T15:09:44Z | [
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"Template:Commonscat",
"Template:Guimarães",
"Template:Short description"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raul_Brand%C3%A3o_Municipal_Library |
75,567,480 | Beto Faro | José Roberto Oliveira Faro (born 20 June 1969) is a Brazilian farmer, trade unionist and politician, having been a long-time affiliate of the Workers' Party (PT). He is currently a senator for the state of Pará, having assumed office in 2023. He was previously a federal deputy from 2007 to 2023.
Faro has long had experience as a union activist. He led the Rural Workers' Union in his hometown of Bujaru, the Agricultural Workers' Federation (Fetagri-PA), and the Central Única dos Trabalhadores in Pará. He became known for the consolidation of the National Program for the Strengthening of Family Farming (PRONAF) and for other public policies for the rural population. His wife is federal deputy Dilvanda Faro.
He was elected as a federal deputy in 2014 for the PT. As a federal deputy, he voted against the commencement of impeachment proceedings against president Dilma Rousseff. He would later vote for a similar inquiry towards the impeachment of Michel Temer. In the same term, he voted against both the New Fiscal Regime and the 2017 labor reforms.
During his time as federal deputy, he was co-leader of the PT in the Chamber of Deputies, and was vice-president of the Agriculture, Livestock, Supply and Rural Development committee. In 2010, he was the most voted candidate from the PT, being voted in with 169,504 votes. In 2022, he ran for senator and was elected with 1,781,582 votes. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "José Roberto Oliveira Faro (born 20 June 1969) is a Brazilian farmer, trade unionist and politician, having been a long-time affiliate of the Workers' Party (PT). He is currently a senator for the state of Pará, having assumed office in 2023. He was previously a federal deputy from 2007 to 2023.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Faro has long had experience as a union activist. He led the Rural Workers' Union in his hometown of Bujaru, the Agricultural Workers' Federation (Fetagri-PA), and the Central Única dos Trabalhadores in Pará. He became known for the consolidation of the National Program for the Strengthening of Family Farming (PRONAF) and for other public policies for the rural population. His wife is federal deputy Dilvanda Faro.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "He was elected as a federal deputy in 2014 for the PT. As a federal deputy, he voted against the commencement of impeachment proceedings against president Dilma Rousseff. He would later vote for a similar inquiry towards the impeachment of Michel Temer. In the same term, he voted against both the New Fiscal Regime and the 2017 labor reforms.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "During his time as federal deputy, he was co-leader of the PT in the Chamber of Deputies, and was vice-president of the Agriculture, Livestock, Supply and Rural Development committee. In 2010, he was the most voted candidate from the PT, being voted in with 169,504 votes. In 2022, he ran for senator and was elected with 1,781,582 votes.",
"title": ""
}
] | José Roberto Oliveira Faro is a Brazilian farmer, trade unionist and politician, having been a long-time affiliate of the Workers' Party (PT). He is currently a senator for the state of Pará, having assumed office in 2023. He was previously a federal deputy from 2007 to 2023. Faro has long had experience as a union activist. He led the Rural Workers' Union in his hometown of Bujaru, the Agricultural Workers' Federation (Fetagri-PA), and the Central Única dos Trabalhadores in Pará. He became known for the consolidation of the National Program for the Strengthening of Family Farming (PRONAF) and for other public policies for the rural population. His wife is federal deputy Dilvanda Faro. He was elected as a federal deputy in 2014 for the PT. As a federal deputy, he voted against the commencement of impeachment proceedings against president Dilma Rousseff. He would later vote for a similar inquiry towards the impeachment of Michel Temer. In the same term, he voted against both the New Fiscal Regime and the 2017 labor reforms. During his time as federal deputy, he was co-leader of the PT in the Chamber of Deputies, and was vice-president of the Agriculture, Livestock, Supply and Rural Development committee. In 2010, he was the most voted candidate from the PT, being voted in with 169,504 votes. In 2022, he ran for senator and was elected with 1,781,582 votes. | 2023-12-15T00:55:01Z | 2023-12-28T00:49:26Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beto_Faro |
75,567,489 | Canestriniidae | Canestriniidae is a family of mites belonging to the superfamily Canestrinioidea. It contains 343 accepted species under 99 genera. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Canestriniidae is a family of mites belonging to the superfamily Canestrinioidea. It contains 343 accepted species under 99 genera.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Canestriniidae is a family of mites belonging to the superfamily Canestrinioidea. It contains 343 accepted species under 99 genera. | 2023-12-15T00:55:50Z | 2023-12-15T19:22:43Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canestriniidae |
75,567,492 | Accustom | [] | 2023-12-15T00:56:23Z | 2023-12-15T00:56:23Z | [
"Template:Wi",
"Template:Short pages monitor"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accustom |
||
75,567,512 | Lat Phrao subdistrict | Lat Phrao (Thai: ลาดพร้าว, pronounced [lâːt pʰráːw]) is a khwaeng (subdistrict) of Lat Phrao district, Bangkok.
Lat Phrao is the northeastern residential area is best characterized by the long, a number of the narrow roads such as Pradit Manutham, Chok Chai 4, Sukhonthasawat, Lat Pla Khao, Lat Phrao that spread out into over a hundred sois (alleys), each of them boasting tangles of sub-sois and communities of its own.
Its name is called after Khlong Lat Phrao, a khlong (canal) that flows through the area to the eastern suburbs. The canal is also the boundary line between administrative area and neighbouring districts.
Lat Phrao is the southern part of the district. The adjoining subdistricts are (from the north clockwise): Chorakhe Bua in its district, Tha Raeng in Bang Khen district, Nuan Chan in Bueng Kum district, Khlong Chan in Bang Kapi district, Khlong Chaokhun Sing and Saphan Song in Wang Thonglang district, Sam Sen Nok in Huai Khwang district, Chan Kasem and Sena Nikhom in Chatuchak district. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Lat Phrao (Thai: ลาดพร้าว, pronounced [lâːt pʰráːw]) is a khwaeng (subdistrict) of Lat Phrao district, Bangkok.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Lat Phrao is the northeastern residential area is best characterized by the long, a number of the narrow roads such as Pradit Manutham, Chok Chai 4, Sukhonthasawat, Lat Pla Khao, Lat Phrao that spread out into over a hundred sois (alleys), each of them boasting tangles of sub-sois and communities of its own.",
"title": "Overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Its name is called after Khlong Lat Phrao, a khlong (canal) that flows through the area to the eastern suburbs. The canal is also the boundary line between administrative area and neighbouring districts.",
"title": "Overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Lat Phrao is the southern part of the district. The adjoining subdistricts are (from the north clockwise): Chorakhe Bua in its district, Tha Raeng in Bang Khen district, Nuan Chan in Bueng Kum district, Khlong Chan in Bang Kapi district, Khlong Chaokhun Sing and Saphan Song in Wang Thonglang district, Sam Sen Nok in Huai Khwang district, Chan Kasem and Sena Nikhom in Chatuchak district.",
"title": "Geography"
}
] | Lat Phrao is a khwaeng (subdistrict) of Lat Phrao district, Bangkok. | 2023-12-15T01:00:44Z | 2023-12-15T01:43:27Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat_Phrao_subdistrict |
75,567,523 | Universal Satan | Universal Satan is the eighth studio album by Finnish industrial metal band Turmion Kätilöt, released on September 14, 2018. The album went directly to the number one in the 2018 Finnish official list.
The completion of the album was preceded by a free media release issued by the band on their Facebook page in April 2018, which explained the decision made in autumn 2017 to disband the band at the end of the year, because "it would be the right time to start getting to know their wives and families better" and "disco is not suitable for grown men". However, the band is still active.
The album features actor Heikki Kinnunen. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Universal Satan is the eighth studio album by Finnish industrial metal band Turmion Kätilöt, released on September 14, 2018. The album went directly to the number one in the 2018 Finnish official list.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The completion of the album was preceded by a free media release issued by the band on their Facebook page in April 2018, which explained the decision made in autumn 2017 to disband the band at the end of the year, because \"it would be the right time to start getting to know their wives and families better\" and \"disco is not suitable for grown men\". However, the band is still active.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The album features actor Heikki Kinnunen.",
"title": "Background"
}
] | Universal Satan is the eighth studio album by Finnish industrial metal band Turmion Kätilöt, released on September 14, 2018. The album went directly to the number one in the 2018 Finnish official list. | 2023-12-15T01:02:12Z | 2023-12-31T02:18:52Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Satan |
75,567,537 | Mark Harding (rugby union) | Mark Anthony Harding (born 28 December 1955) is an Australian former rugby union international.
Harding was born and raised in Christchurch, New Zealand. He attended Christchurch Boys' High School, captaining the school's 1st XV in 1973. Before relocating to Australia in 1980, he was a New Zealand rugby representative at underage level, as well as a member of the New Zealand national water polo team.
A prop, Harding played for Sydney clubs St. George and Port Hacking. He earned a Wallabies call up for the 1983 tour of Europe and was capped in a Test against Italy at Rovigo, as part of an inexperienced front row. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Mark Anthony Harding (born 28 December 1955) is an Australian former rugby union international.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Harding was born and raised in Christchurch, New Zealand. He attended Christchurch Boys' High School, captaining the school's 1st XV in 1973. Before relocating to Australia in 1980, he was a New Zealand rugby representative at underage level, as well as a member of the New Zealand national water polo team.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "A prop, Harding played for Sydney clubs St. George and Port Hacking. He earned a Wallabies call up for the 1983 tour of Europe and was capped in a Test against Italy at Rovigo, as part of an inexperienced front row.",
"title": ""
}
] | Mark Anthony Harding is an Australian former rugby union international. Harding was born and raised in Christchurch, New Zealand. He attended Christchurch Boys' High School, captaining the school's 1st XV in 1973. Before relocating to Australia in 1980, he was a New Zealand rugby representative at underage level, as well as a member of the New Zealand national water polo team. A prop, Harding played for Sydney clubs St. George and Port Hacking. He earned a Wallabies call up for the 1983 tour of Europe and was capped in a Test against Italy at Rovigo, as part of an inexperienced front row. | 2023-12-15T01:05:34Z | 2023-12-15T01:08:52Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Harding_(rugby_union) |
75,567,549 | Samacar | Samacar is a genus of bivalves in the family Arcidae which has three species. It was first described by malacologist Tom Iredale in 1936 with the type taxon S. strabo found in Dundas, New South Wales, Australia. Shells are about 11 millimeters long. This genus spans throughout the Tasman Sea and Pacific Ocean reaching as far north as Japan | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Samacar is a genus of bivalves in the family Arcidae which has three species. It was first described by malacologist Tom Iredale in 1936 with the type taxon S. strabo found in Dundas, New South Wales, Australia. Shells are about 11 millimeters long. This genus spans throughout the Tasman Sea and Pacific Ocean reaching as far north as Japan",
"title": ""
}
] | Samacar is a genus of bivalves in the family Arcidae which has three species. It was first described by malacologist Tom Iredale in 1936 with the type taxon S. strabo found in Dundas, New South Wales, Australia. Shells are about 11 millimeters long. This genus spans throughout the Tasman Sea and Pacific Ocean reaching as far north as Japan | 2023-12-15T01:09:24Z | 2023-12-19T04:50:54Z | [
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"Template:Reflist",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samacar |
75,567,578 | Fröken Snusk | Fröken Snusk is a Swedish singer. Her identity remains unknown as of 2023. She uses her stage name Fröken Snusk (Miss Filthy) while performing. And she also uses a pink or purple balaclava over her face for further disguise. She will take part in Melodifestivalen 2024. Rasmus Gozzi has worked on several songs with Fröken Snusk. She sings and performs mainly the music style epadunk. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Fröken Snusk is a Swedish singer. Her identity remains unknown as of 2023. She uses her stage name Fröken Snusk (Miss Filthy) while performing. And she also uses a pink or purple balaclava over her face for further disguise. She will take part in Melodifestivalen 2024. Rasmus Gozzi has worked on several songs with Fröken Snusk. She sings and performs mainly the music style epadunk.",
"title": ""
}
] | Fröken Snusk is a Swedish singer. Her identity remains unknown as of 2023. She uses her stage name Fröken Snusk while performing. And she also uses a pink or purple balaclava over her face for further disguise. She will take part in Melodifestivalen 2024. Rasmus Gozzi has worked on several songs with Fröken Snusk. She sings and performs mainly the music style epadunk. | 2023-12-15T01:18:22Z | 2023-12-19T05:56:17Z | [
"Template:N/a",
"Template:Cite magazine",
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Authority control"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%B6ken_Snusk |
75,567,581 | Lafayette, We Come | Lafayette, We Come is a lost 1918 silent World War One propaganda film produced and directed by Léonce Perret and starred E. K. Lincoln and Dolores Cassinelli.
themselves | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Lafayette, We Come is a lost 1918 silent World War One propaganda film produced and directed by Léonce Perret and starred E. K. Lincoln and Dolores Cassinelli.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "themselves",
"title": "Cast"
}
] | Lafayette, We Come is a lost 1918 silent World War One propaganda film produced and directed by Léonce Perret and starred E. K. Lincoln and Dolores Cassinelli. | 2023-12-15T01:18:52Z | 2023-12-22T19:54:36Z | [
"Template:Infobox film",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Commons category"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lafayette,_We_Come |
75,567,644 | Minow | Minow is a family name.
Notable people with the surname include: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Minow is a family name.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Notable people with the surname include:",
"title": ""
}
] | Minow is a family name. Notable people with the surname include: Martha Minow, American legal scholar
Newton N. Minow (1926–2023), American attorney and chairman of the Federal Communications Commission
Nell Minow, America film critic | 2023-12-15T01:25:02Z | 2023-12-15T01:25:02Z | [
"Template:Surname"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minow |
75,567,672 | 2024 CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament squads | The 2024 CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament will be an international football tournament to be held in Venezuela from 20 January to 11 February 2024. The ten national teams involved in the tournament were required to register a squad of a minimum of 19 and a maximum of 23 players, including at least three goalkeepers (Regulations Article 48). Only players in these squads are eligible to take part in the tournament. The tournament exclusively requires players to be born on or after 1 January 2001 to be eligible, that is, they must be a maximun of 23 years old by the end of the calendar year in which the competition is played (Regulations Article 45).
Each national team had to register its list of up to 23 players in the COMET system and then submit it to CONMEBOL by 5 January 2024, 18:00 PYST (UTC−3) (Regulations Articles 49 and 50). Teams are only permitted to make player replacements in cases of serious injuries or illness up to 48 hours before the start of the tournament (Regulations Article 56). Teams are also permitted to replace an injured goalkeeper with another at any time during the tournament (Regulations Article 57). In addition, any player with positive PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2 may be replaced at any moment before and during the tournament (Regulations Article 59). All the substitutions must have the approval of the CONMEBOL Medical Commission.
The age listed for each player is as of 20 January 2024, the first day of the tournament. A flag is included for coaches who are of a different nationality than their own national team. Players name marked in bold have been capped at full international level.
Head coach: Ricardo Valiño
Brazil announced their 23-man squad on 21 December 2023,
Head coach: Ramon Menezes
Head coach: Héctor Cárdenas
Head coach: Antônio Carlos Zago
Ecuador announced their 23-man squad on 28 December 2023. Forward Nilson Angulo was initially considered but was not part of the team as his club (Anderlecht) decided not to release him.
Head coach: Miguel Bravo
Head coach: Javier Mascherano
Head coach: Marcelo Bielsa
Chile announced a preliminary squad of 32 players on 11 December 2023.
Head coach: Nicolás Córdova
Head coach: Carlos Jara Saguier
Head coach: José del Solar | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2024 CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament will be an international football tournament to be held in Venezuela from 20 January to 11 February 2024. The ten national teams involved in the tournament were required to register a squad of a minimum of 19 and a maximum of 23 players, including at least three goalkeepers (Regulations Article 48). Only players in these squads are eligible to take part in the tournament. The tournament exclusively requires players to be born on or after 1 January 2001 to be eligible, that is, they must be a maximun of 23 years old by the end of the calendar year in which the competition is played (Regulations Article 45).",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Each national team had to register its list of up to 23 players in the COMET system and then submit it to CONMEBOL by 5 January 2024, 18:00 PYST (UTC−3) (Regulations Articles 49 and 50). Teams are only permitted to make player replacements in cases of serious injuries or illness up to 48 hours before the start of the tournament (Regulations Article 56). Teams are also permitted to replace an injured goalkeeper with another at any time during the tournament (Regulations Article 57). In addition, any player with positive PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2 may be replaced at any moment before and during the tournament (Regulations Article 59). All the substitutions must have the approval of the CONMEBOL Medical Commission.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The age listed for each player is as of 20 January 2024, the first day of the tournament. A flag is included for coaches who are of a different nationality than their own national team. Players name marked in bold have been capped at full international level.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Head coach: Ricardo Valiño",
"title": "Group A"
},
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"text": "Brazil announced their 23-man squad on 21 December 2023,",
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},
{
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"text": "Head coach: Ramon Menezes",
"title": "Group A"
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"text": "Head coach: Héctor Cárdenas",
"title": "Group A"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Head coach: Antônio Carlos Zago",
"title": "Group A"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Ecuador announced their 23-man squad on 28 December 2023. Forward Nilson Angulo was initially considered but was not part of the team as his club (Anderlecht) decided not to release him.",
"title": "Group A"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Head coach: Miguel Bravo",
"title": "Group A"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Head coach: Javier Mascherano",
"title": "Group B"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "Head coach: Marcelo Bielsa",
"title": "Group B"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "Chile announced a preliminary squad of 32 players on 11 December 2023.",
"title": "Group B"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "Head coach: Nicolás Córdova",
"title": "Group B"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "Head coach: Carlos Jara Saguier",
"title": "Group B"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "Head coach: José del Solar",
"title": "Group B"
}
] | The 2024 CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament will be an international football tournament to be held in Venezuela from 20 January to 11 February 2024. The ten national teams involved in the tournament were required to register a squad of a minimum of 19 and a maximum of 23 players, including at least three goalkeepers. Only players in these squads are eligible to take part in the tournament. The tournament exclusively requires players to be born on or after 1 January 2001 to be eligible, that is, they must be a maximun of 23 years old by the end of the calendar year in which the competition is played. Each national team had to register its list of up to 23 players in the COMET system and then submit it to CONMEBOL by 5 January 2024, 18:00 PYST (UTC−3). Teams are only permitted to make player replacements in cases of serious injuries or illness up to 48 hours before the start of the tournament. Teams are also permitted to replace an injured goalkeeper with another at any time during the tournament. In addition, any player with positive PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2 may be replaced at any moment before and during the tournament. All the substitutions must have the approval of the CONMEBOL Medical Commission. The age listed for each player is as of 20 January 2024, the first day of the tournament. A flag is included for coaches who are of a different nationality than their own national team. Players name marked in bold have been capped at full international level. | 2023-12-15T01:31:11Z | 2023-12-31T22:43:52Z | [
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75,567,675 | 1883 Victorian colonial election | The 1883 Victorian colonial election was held on 22 February 1883 to elect the 12th Parliament of Victoria. All 86 seats in 55 electorates in the Legislative Assembly were up for election, though twelve seats were uncontested.
There were 31 single-member, 20 two-member and 4 three-member electorates.
The government of Sir Bryan O'Loghlen was heavily defeated at the election, with O'Loghlen himself losing his seat. After the election, with none of the political groupings having an outright majority, a government was formed on 8 March 1883 by a coalition led by James Service (taking the positions of Premier, Treasurer and Minister of Public Instruction), and Graham Berry (as Chief Secretary and Postmaster-General). The coalition represented a joining of moderate conservatives (led by Service) and moderate liberals (led by Berry).
O'Loghlen's tenure as Premier prior to the 1883 election had been, as later described in the Adelaide Observer, a period of "muddle and confusion". It was "by general consent" and a longing "for peace and progress" that, after the election, the political factions led by James Service and Graham Berry joined forces to form a coalition of moderate conservatives and moderate liberals. The new Government ushered in a period of "political peace and material progress" for the colony, providing stability during a period of economic growth in Victoria.
Under the Premier and Treasurer, James Service, the government passed important legislation. An early priority was reforms to eliminate political patronage in the civil service and railways. The Public Services Act and the Railways Management Act, passed in 1883, enabled the establishment of the Public Service Board and the Railways Commission. During its term the parliament also passed the Factories and Shops Act, legalised trade unions and the eight hours' day and introduced important land legislation, as well as clearing a backlog of long-delayed bills. Towards the end of the term of the Service-Berry coalition government, Melbourne's The Age newspaper commented that "no Parliament can show a more imposing record of measures of great public utility". | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 1883 Victorian colonial election was held on 22 February 1883 to elect the 12th Parliament of Victoria. All 86 seats in 55 electorates in the Legislative Assembly were up for election, though twelve seats were uncontested.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "There were 31 single-member, 20 two-member and 4 three-member electorates.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The government of Sir Bryan O'Loghlen was heavily defeated at the election, with O'Loghlen himself losing his seat. After the election, with none of the political groupings having an outright majority, a government was formed on 8 March 1883 by a coalition led by James Service (taking the positions of Premier, Treasurer and Minister of Public Instruction), and Graham Berry (as Chief Secretary and Postmaster-General). The coalition represented a joining of moderate conservatives (led by Service) and moderate liberals (led by Berry).",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "O'Loghlen's tenure as Premier prior to the 1883 election had been, as later described in the Adelaide Observer, a period of \"muddle and confusion\". It was \"by general consent\" and a longing \"for peace and progress\" that, after the election, the political factions led by James Service and Graham Berry joined forces to form a coalition of moderate conservatives and moderate liberals. The new Government ushered in a period of \"political peace and material progress\" for the colony, providing stability during a period of economic growth in Victoria.",
"title": "Aftermath"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Under the Premier and Treasurer, James Service, the government passed important legislation. An early priority was reforms to eliminate political patronage in the civil service and railways. The Public Services Act and the Railways Management Act, passed in 1883, enabled the establishment of the Public Service Board and the Railways Commission. During its term the parliament also passed the Factories and Shops Act, legalised trade unions and the eight hours' day and introduced important land legislation, as well as clearing a backlog of long-delayed bills. Towards the end of the term of the Service-Berry coalition government, Melbourne's The Age newspaper commented that \"no Parliament can show a more imposing record of measures of great public utility\".",
"title": "Aftermath"
}
] | The 1883 Victorian colonial election was held on 22 February 1883 to elect the 12th Parliament of Victoria. All 86 seats in 55 electorates in the Legislative Assembly were up for election, though twelve seats were uncontested. There were 31 single-member, 20 two-member and 4 three-member electorates. The government of Sir Bryan O'Loghlen was heavily defeated at the election, with O'Loghlen himself losing his seat. After the election, with none of the political groupings having an outright majority, a government was formed on 8 March 1883 by a coalition led by James Service, and Graham Berry. The coalition represented a joining of moderate conservatives and moderate liberals. | 2023-12-15T01:32:18Z | 2023-12-17T20:03:37Z | [
"Template:Infobox election",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1883_Victorian_colonial_election |
75,567,677 | Annie Brown Kennedy | Annie Brown Kennedy (1924-2023) as an American politician and attorney who was the first Black woman to serve in the North Carolina General Assembly. Appointed to the North Carolina House of Representatives in 1979, she was elected in 1982 and served six consecutive terms through 1994. As the second Black woman licensed to practice law in North Carolina, she founded the state's oldest African-American law firm.
Kennedy was born in Atlanta, Georgia, on October 13, 1924, the oldest of four children of Rev. Mancy Brown and Mary Louise Sheats Brown. She received her bachelor's degree in economics from Spelman College in 1945 and her JD from Howard University School of Law in 1951.
After living briefly in New York, Kennedy accompanied her husband to his hometown of Winston-Salem, North Carolina, in 1953. She passed the bar that same year and became the second Black woman in state history, and the second woman in Forsyth County, to practice law. She was a sole practitioner licensed to practice in Georgia and North Carolina and before various federal courts, including the US Supreme Court.
In 1955, her husband, Harold Kennedy Jr., joined her law practice. Eventually, they became partners in the Winston-Salem law firm of Kennedy, Kennedy, Kennedy and Kennedy, where they practiced law with two of their three sons, Harold Kennedy III and Harvey Kennedy. The firm specialized in family law and civil litigation, especially civil rights and racial and sexual discrimination cases.
Kennedy served as the first Black woman president of the Forsyth County Bar Association.
Kennedy became active in the local Democratic Party during the 1960s and 1970s. She was a founding member and president of the multiracial Democratic Women of Forsyth County. In 1976, she became the first Black woman to serve as a North Carolina presidential elector. Her husband served in the North Carolina House of Representatives during the 1977 session.
In November 1979, Governor Jim Hunt, a Democrat, appointed her to the North Carolina House of Representatives to fill the unexpired term of District 29 representative Judson D. DeRamus Jr., who had resigned to become a state Superior Court judge. In 1980, Kennedy ran unsuccessfully to keep her seat in the House. Two years later, she ran again and this time won her race to represent North Carolina's 66th House district, comprising most of Forsyth County. She chaired the House Judiciary Committee, the Economic Expansion/Labor Relations and Employment Committee, the Governmental Ethics Committee, and the Manufacturers and Labor Committee. Focusing on the welfare of families, women, and African Americans, she campaigned for passage of paid family leave and foiled a legislative effort to close the nursing program at Winston-Salem State University. After serving six terms, she retired in January 1995.
Kennedy served on the boards of directors of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the North Carolina Institute of Minority Economic Development, the Winston-Salem Symphony, the Southern National Bank, the Winston-Salem State University Foundation, the First Baptist Church of Winston-Salem, and many other organizations. She received the Margaret Brent Women Lawyers of Achievement Award from the American Bar Association in 2002. The North Carolina Legislature passed a join resolution honoring her life and memory in June 2023.
Kennedy died in Winston-Salem on January 17, 2023, at the age of 98. Her husband predeceased her. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Annie Brown Kennedy (1924-2023) as an American politician and attorney who was the first Black woman to serve in the North Carolina General Assembly. Appointed to the North Carolina House of Representatives in 1979, she was elected in 1982 and served six consecutive terms through 1994. As the second Black woman licensed to practice law in North Carolina, she founded the state's oldest African-American law firm.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Kennedy was born in Atlanta, Georgia, on October 13, 1924, the oldest of four children of Rev. Mancy Brown and Mary Louise Sheats Brown. She received her bachelor's degree in economics from Spelman College in 1945 and her JD from Howard University School of Law in 1951.",
"title": "Early life and legal career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "After living briefly in New York, Kennedy accompanied her husband to his hometown of Winston-Salem, North Carolina, in 1953. She passed the bar that same year and became the second Black woman in state history, and the second woman in Forsyth County, to practice law. She was a sole practitioner licensed to practice in Georgia and North Carolina and before various federal courts, including the US Supreme Court.",
"title": "Early life and legal career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 1955, her husband, Harold Kennedy Jr., joined her law practice. Eventually, they became partners in the Winston-Salem law firm of Kennedy, Kennedy, Kennedy and Kennedy, where they practiced law with two of their three sons, Harold Kennedy III and Harvey Kennedy. The firm specialized in family law and civil litigation, especially civil rights and racial and sexual discrimination cases.",
"title": "Early life and legal career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Kennedy served as the first Black woman president of the Forsyth County Bar Association.",
"title": "Early life and legal career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Kennedy became active in the local Democratic Party during the 1960s and 1970s. She was a founding member and president of the multiracial Democratic Women of Forsyth County. In 1976, she became the first Black woman to serve as a North Carolina presidential elector. Her husband served in the North Carolina House of Representatives during the 1977 session.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In November 1979, Governor Jim Hunt, a Democrat, appointed her to the North Carolina House of Representatives to fill the unexpired term of District 29 representative Judson D. DeRamus Jr., who had resigned to become a state Superior Court judge. In 1980, Kennedy ran unsuccessfully to keep her seat in the House. Two years later, she ran again and this time won her race to represent North Carolina's 66th House district, comprising most of Forsyth County. She chaired the House Judiciary Committee, the Economic Expansion/Labor Relations and Employment Committee, the Governmental Ethics Committee, and the Manufacturers and Labor Committee. Focusing on the welfare of families, women, and African Americans, she campaigned for passage of paid family leave and foiled a legislative effort to close the nursing program at Winston-Salem State University. After serving six terms, she retired in January 1995.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Kennedy served on the boards of directors of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the North Carolina Institute of Minority Economic Development, the Winston-Salem Symphony, the Southern National Bank, the Winston-Salem State University Foundation, the First Baptist Church of Winston-Salem, and many other organizations. She received the Margaret Brent Women Lawyers of Achievement Award from the American Bar Association in 2002. The North Carolina Legislature passed a join resolution honoring her life and memory in June 2023.",
"title": "Legacy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Kennedy died in Winston-Salem on January 17, 2023, at the age of 98. Her husband predeceased her.",
"title": "Legacy"
}
] | Annie Brown Kennedy (1924-2023) as an American politician and attorney who was the first Black woman to serve in the North Carolina General Assembly. Appointed to the North Carolina House of Representatives in 1979, she was elected in 1982 and served six consecutive terms through 1994. As the second Black woman licensed to practice law in North Carolina, she founded the state's oldest African-American law firm. | 2023-12-15T01:32:37Z | 2023-12-15T13:58:09Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annie_Brown_Kennedy |
75,567,682 | Samoa at the 2023 Pacific Games | Samoa competed at the 2023 Pacific Games in Honiara, Solomon Islands from 19 November to 2 December 2023.
The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Samoa competed at the 2023 Pacific Games in Honiara, Solomon Islands from 19 November to 2 December 2023.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games.",
"title": "Competitors"
}
] | Samoa competed at the 2023 Pacific Games in Honiara, Solomon Islands from 19 November to 2 December 2023. | 2023-12-15T01:33:14Z | 2023-12-17T21:46:16Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samoa_at_the_2023_Pacific_Games |
75,567,702 | Isaac Peach | Isaac Peach (born 19 January 1982) is a New Zealand retired professional boxer and a current boxing coach. Peach trained multiple talented boxers including IBO World Champion Mea Motu, World title contender David Light, World ranked Andrei Mikhailovich and World ranked Jerome Pampellone. Peach is well known to have the philosophy in his gym to have his boxers take on any opponent. Peach Boxing Gym is considered the best boxing gym in New Zealand, rivaling the status of City Kickboxing in MMA.
In July 2007, Peach competed at the Canterbury invitation boxing event where Canterbury boxers took on boxers from Wellington, Auckland and Tauranga. At the 2007 New Zealand National amateur championships, Peach won the quarter finals bout, however, would lose in the Semi Finals. In 2008, Peach was chosen as part of the New Zealand Boxing Squad to compete at the Oceania Boxing Championship. If Peach got a gold medal he would qualify for the Olympics. Peach would compete at the North Island Golden Gloves later in the year. Peach would compete at the 2008 New Zealand National amateur championships but would not get past the quarter finals. In 2009, Peach won his first New Zealand national amateur boxing championships.
In June 2010, Peach made his professional boxing debut against Moses Ioelu. Peach would win by unanimous decision. In August 2011, Peach made his TV debut where he fought on the undercard of David Tua vs Monte Barrett II. Peach took on Gunnar Jackson which was live on Sky Sports. Peach won the fight by unanimous decision. In June 2012, Peach fought Steven Anderson in a rematch for the vacant New Zealand national Super Middleweight title. The two had fought in April 2011 with Anderson winning by split decision. Peach won the title fight after an accidental head clash caused a cut in the 7th round. Peach won by technical unanimous decision. A month later, Peach returned to TV boxing where he fought on the Shane Cameron vs Monte Barrett undercard. Peach won the fight by fourth-round knockout. In December 2013, at the age of 31, after having shoulder surgery had decided to have his last fight against Fili Mailata. Peach won the fight by fifth-round knockout.
Peach and David Light used to train together under Dr. John McKay. Peach started training Light in 2017 for his pro career when Peach called Light and invited him to train at the gym. In 2019, Peach promoted Light's fight against former world title contender Mark Flanagan for the WBO Oriental cruiserweight title. In December 2022, Light fought in Florida to take on Brandon Glanton in a world title eliminator. Light won the fight by split decision. Light for the WBO cruiserweight title against Lawrence Okolie in March 2023. Peach said Light was fully prepared for the world title fight and has no excuses no matter what the result. Light lost the fight by unanimous decision. A couple of months after the fight, Peach announced that Light had suffered a stroke as a result of the world title fight. Peach stated they gym felt absolutely devastated.
When Mikhailovich was 15, he met Peach at a boxing gym. He said when referring to Peach "Isaac has played a huge part in my life". Peach is happy how everything is going into for Mikhailovich career and is one win away from a world title fight. It was announced that Mikhailovich will take on Denis Radovan in a world title eliminator. Peach believes that Denis Radovan he is a good fight but does not have the X Factor that you need in Boxing. Peach believe Mikhailovich has the X Factor. When the fight got postponded, Peach had to tell Mikhailovich the news. He describe it like telling someone that they someone died.
Pampellone started off training with Peach first as a corporate boxer and then a well accomplished amateur boxer. Pampellone and Peach were neighbours when they first meet. Peach would train him to be both a boxer and a Plumber as Pampellone did his apprentiship under Peach. He believes that Pampellone is not only one of the nicest people in the world but one of the best boxer as he is very dangerous in the ring.
Motu met Peach at a young age shortly after she began boxing at the age of 13. After escaping an abusive relationship, Motu was invited to join Peach Boxing team. Motu originally aimed to just lose weight at the gym, but Peach encouraged her to compete as a boxer. Peach had promoted a lot of Motu earlier fights. Peach has said his number one goal was to get Motu a world title. In April 2023, Motu won the IBO World Super Bantamweight title. In August 2023, Peach threaten to pull Motu out of her world title defence after the referee that was selected had contoversially scored against Kiki Toa Leutele the week before. Peach continued on with the fight as the Sanctioning bodies gave him no other options. Peach was not impressed with the conversations he had with the sanctioning body and officials. Motu would win the fight despite dislocating her shoulder in the first round. Peach wants to put Motu is hard fights, and to have her compete with some of the best in the world. It is known that Peach 8-year-old son Zen helps train Motu. In December 2023, both Motu and Peach were nominated for a Halberg Award.
Leutele started training with Peach when he fought Demsey McKean in May 2021. In November 2022, Leutele fought Justis Huni in Australia. Peach stated that his team was treated with disrespect as Huni team tried to skip to fight for different opponents. Leutele lost the fight by unanimous decision. In August 2023, Leutele fought Toese Vousiutu in Australia which Leutele won by split decision. Peach blasted the judge who scored the fight the other way and would pull boxers out of fights if that judge was involved.
Amato "Matt" Mataika trained under Peach from 2022. Mataika fought on the Mea Motu World title undercard winning against Joseph Tufuga by unanimous decision. Mataika had to switch his boxing allegiance to Tonga due to lack of funding from New Zealand. Peach explored the options to pay for the 12,000 bill that comes with competing at the Olympic qualifiers and switching to Tongan boxing team was the best idea.
In March 2015, Boaz Peach which is trained by his brother Isaac Peach, would compete in KeriKeri.
Peach has a big stable of amateur boxers including Omid Azizi, Sonny Morini, Erin Walsh and more.
In September 2015, Shortland Street star Jesse Peach which is which is trained by his brother Isaac Peach. would compete in a celebrity boxing fight on Dean Lonergans Fight for life against musician Shelton Woolright.
In 2022, Peach trained Rugby league James Gavet against Liam Messam for 2022 Fight for Life.
In 2023, Peach trained rugby player Sam Tuitupou against Roy Asotasi for 2023 Fight for life. Tuitupou won the fight by devastating knockout in ten seconds within the first round. Peach also trained DJ Forbes in the same event against Sione Faumuina.
Peach is married to Alina Peach. Together they co promote all their shows as well as train wall their boxers together. They have four kids together. Outside of boxing, Peach is a Plumber. Both Isaac and Alina were trained by Dr John McKay. In 2022, Peach has been sober for five years. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Isaac Peach (born 19 January 1982) is a New Zealand retired professional boxer and a current boxing coach. Peach trained multiple talented boxers including IBO World Champion Mea Motu, World title contender David Light, World ranked Andrei Mikhailovich and World ranked Jerome Pampellone. Peach is well known to have the philosophy in his gym to have his boxers take on any opponent. Peach Boxing Gym is considered the best boxing gym in New Zealand, rivaling the status of City Kickboxing in MMA.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In July 2007, Peach competed at the Canterbury invitation boxing event where Canterbury boxers took on boxers from Wellington, Auckland and Tauranga. At the 2007 New Zealand National amateur championships, Peach won the quarter finals bout, however, would lose in the Semi Finals. In 2008, Peach was chosen as part of the New Zealand Boxing Squad to compete at the Oceania Boxing Championship. If Peach got a gold medal he would qualify for the Olympics. Peach would compete at the North Island Golden Gloves later in the year. Peach would compete at the 2008 New Zealand National amateur championships but would not get past the quarter finals. In 2009, Peach won his first New Zealand national amateur boxing championships.",
"title": "Boxing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In June 2010, Peach made his professional boxing debut against Moses Ioelu. Peach would win by unanimous decision. In August 2011, Peach made his TV debut where he fought on the undercard of David Tua vs Monte Barrett II. Peach took on Gunnar Jackson which was live on Sky Sports. Peach won the fight by unanimous decision. In June 2012, Peach fought Steven Anderson in a rematch for the vacant New Zealand national Super Middleweight title. The two had fought in April 2011 with Anderson winning by split decision. Peach won the title fight after an accidental head clash caused a cut in the 7th round. Peach won by technical unanimous decision. A month later, Peach returned to TV boxing where he fought on the Shane Cameron vs Monte Barrett undercard. Peach won the fight by fourth-round knockout. In December 2013, at the age of 31, after having shoulder surgery had decided to have his last fight against Fili Mailata. Peach won the fight by fifth-round knockout.",
"title": "Boxing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Peach and David Light used to train together under Dr. John McKay. Peach started training Light in 2017 for his pro career when Peach called Light and invited him to train at the gym. In 2019, Peach promoted Light's fight against former world title contender Mark Flanagan for the WBO Oriental cruiserweight title. In December 2022, Light fought in Florida to take on Brandon Glanton in a world title eliminator. Light won the fight by split decision. Light for the WBO cruiserweight title against Lawrence Okolie in March 2023. Peach said Light was fully prepared for the world title fight and has no excuses no matter what the result. Light lost the fight by unanimous decision. A couple of months after the fight, Peach announced that Light had suffered a stroke as a result of the world title fight. Peach stated they gym felt absolutely devastated.",
"title": "Coaching career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "When Mikhailovich was 15, he met Peach at a boxing gym. He said when referring to Peach \"Isaac has played a huge part in my life\". Peach is happy how everything is going into for Mikhailovich career and is one win away from a world title fight. It was announced that Mikhailovich will take on Denis Radovan in a world title eliminator. Peach believes that Denis Radovan he is a good fight but does not have the X Factor that you need in Boxing. Peach believe Mikhailovich has the X Factor. When the fight got postponded, Peach had to tell Mikhailovich the news. He describe it like telling someone that they someone died.",
"title": "Coaching career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Pampellone started off training with Peach first as a corporate boxer and then a well accomplished amateur boxer. Pampellone and Peach were neighbours when they first meet. Peach would train him to be both a boxer and a Plumber as Pampellone did his apprentiship under Peach. He believes that Pampellone is not only one of the nicest people in the world but one of the best boxer as he is very dangerous in the ring.",
"title": "Coaching career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Motu met Peach at a young age shortly after she began boxing at the age of 13. After escaping an abusive relationship, Motu was invited to join Peach Boxing team. Motu originally aimed to just lose weight at the gym, but Peach encouraged her to compete as a boxer. Peach had promoted a lot of Motu earlier fights. Peach has said his number one goal was to get Motu a world title. In April 2023, Motu won the IBO World Super Bantamweight title. In August 2023, Peach threaten to pull Motu out of her world title defence after the referee that was selected had contoversially scored against Kiki Toa Leutele the week before. Peach continued on with the fight as the Sanctioning bodies gave him no other options. Peach was not impressed with the conversations he had with the sanctioning body and officials. Motu would win the fight despite dislocating her shoulder in the first round. Peach wants to put Motu is hard fights, and to have her compete with some of the best in the world. It is known that Peach 8-year-old son Zen helps train Motu. In December 2023, both Motu and Peach were nominated for a Halberg Award.",
"title": "Coaching career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Leutele started training with Peach when he fought Demsey McKean in May 2021. In November 2022, Leutele fought Justis Huni in Australia. Peach stated that his team was treated with disrespect as Huni team tried to skip to fight for different opponents. Leutele lost the fight by unanimous decision. In August 2023, Leutele fought Toese Vousiutu in Australia which Leutele won by split decision. Peach blasted the judge who scored the fight the other way and would pull boxers out of fights if that judge was involved.",
"title": "Coaching career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Amato \"Matt\" Mataika trained under Peach from 2022. Mataika fought on the Mea Motu World title undercard winning against Joseph Tufuga by unanimous decision. Mataika had to switch his boxing allegiance to Tonga due to lack of funding from New Zealand. Peach explored the options to pay for the 12,000 bill that comes with competing at the Olympic qualifiers and switching to Tongan boxing team was the best idea.",
"title": "Coaching career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "In March 2015, Boaz Peach which is trained by his brother Isaac Peach, would compete in KeriKeri.",
"title": "Coaching career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Peach has a big stable of amateur boxers including Omid Azizi, Sonny Morini, Erin Walsh and more.",
"title": "Coaching career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "In September 2015, Shortland Street star Jesse Peach which is which is trained by his brother Isaac Peach. would compete in a celebrity boxing fight on Dean Lonergans Fight for life against musician Shelton Woolright.",
"title": "Coaching career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "In 2022, Peach trained Rugby league James Gavet against Liam Messam for 2022 Fight for Life.",
"title": "Coaching career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "In 2023, Peach trained rugby player Sam Tuitupou against Roy Asotasi for 2023 Fight for life. Tuitupou won the fight by devastating knockout in ten seconds within the first round. Peach also trained DJ Forbes in the same event against Sione Faumuina.",
"title": "Coaching career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "",
"title": "Professional boxing record"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "Peach is married to Alina Peach. Together they co promote all their shows as well as train wall their boxers together. They have four kids together. Outside of boxing, Peach is a Plumber. Both Isaac and Alina were trained by Dr John McKay. In 2022, Peach has been sober for five years.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | Isaac Peach is a New Zealand retired professional boxer and a current boxing coach. Peach trained multiple talented boxers including IBO World Champion Mea Motu, World title contender David Light, World ranked Andrei Mikhailovich and World ranked Jerome Pampellone. Peach is well known to have the philosophy in his gym to have his boxers take on any opponent. Peach Boxing Gym is considered the best boxing gym in New Zealand, rivaling the status of City Kickboxing in MMA. | 2023-12-15T01:35:39Z | 2023-12-23T18:46:37Z | [
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75,567,714 | Leonardo Mendicino | Leonardo Mendicino (born 25 June 2006) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Serie C Group A club Atalanta U23.
Mendicino is a youth product of La Dominante and Renate, before moving to Atalanta's youth academy in 2017. He was promoted to the newly-created Atalanta U23s in their debut season in the Serie C for the 2023–24 season. He made his senior and professional debut with the senior Atalanta team as a substitute in a 4–0 UEFA Europa League win over Raków Częstochowa on 14 December 2023.
Mendicino is a youth international for Italy. In November 2023, he was called up to the Italy U18s. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Leonardo Mendicino (born 25 June 2006) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Serie C Group A club Atalanta U23.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Mendicino is a youth product of La Dominante and Renate, before moving to Atalanta's youth academy in 2017. He was promoted to the newly-created Atalanta U23s in their debut season in the Serie C for the 2023–24 season. He made his senior and professional debut with the senior Atalanta team as a substitute in a 4–0 UEFA Europa League win over Raków Częstochowa on 14 December 2023.",
"title": "Club career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Mendicino is a youth international for Italy. In November 2023, he was called up to the Italy U18s.",
"title": "International career"
}
] | Leonardo Mendicino is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Serie C Group A club Atalanta U23. | 2023-12-15T01:38:23Z | 2023-12-15T20:14:30Z | [
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75,567,726 | Metropolitan Spiritual Churches of Christ | The Metropolitan Spiritual Churches of Christ (MSCC) is a Christian denomination descending from the spiritual church movement. Formed in 1925 within Kansas City, Missouri, the MSCC is divided into 7 dioceses led by diocesan prelates. The current presiding prelate for the denomination is Bishop James D. Tindall, Sr.
In September 1925, the first congregation—Metropolitan Spiritual Church of Christ—was established in Kansas City, Missouri by Bishop William F. Taylor and Elder Leviticus L. Boswell. Previously, Taylor served within the Christian Methodist Episcopal Church, and Boswell served within the Metropolitan Community Church; Boswell was ordained as an elder within the Church of God in Christ. Leaving their established religious communities to establish a Spiritualist movement, one member claimed the MSCC "provided in part an 'umbrella group for gays.'" In 1926, the Metropolitan Spiritual Churches of Christ began ordaining women ministers.
Following the death of Bishop Taylor, a succession crisis occurred, and in 1942 the MSCC merged with the Divine Spiritual Churches of the Southwest, based in New Orleans, Louisiana. This merger created the United Metropolitan Spiritual Churches of Christ, though the united and uniting church schismed into two separate denominations: the United Metropolitan Spiritual Churches of Christ, and the Metropolitan Spiritual Churches of Christ in Kansas City.
In 1974, the MSCC held its 49th congress under the leadership of Bishop Taylor's successor, Bishop Clarence H. Cobbs. Under Bishop Taylor's administration, Cobbs founded the First Church of Deliverance in May 1929.
In 1979, Lucretia L. Smith became the first female presiding bishop of the denomination.
As a part of the spiritual church movement, the Metropolitan Spiritual Churches of Christ syncretizes certain tenets of Christian Science, Pentecostalism, and Methodism. The MSCC also teaches the foursquare gospel and some of its churches use Catholic iconography and statues, though ritual items and belief systems vary through each congregation; once, the denomination officially practiced seances, however the MSCC "has attempted to disassociate itself from certain aspects of the larger Spiritual movement (.e.g., seances) and particularly Voodoo." | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Metropolitan Spiritual Churches of Christ (MSCC) is a Christian denomination descending from the spiritual church movement. Formed in 1925 within Kansas City, Missouri, the MSCC is divided into 7 dioceses led by diocesan prelates. The current presiding prelate for the denomination is Bishop James D. Tindall, Sr.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In September 1925, the first congregation—Metropolitan Spiritual Church of Christ—was established in Kansas City, Missouri by Bishop William F. Taylor and Elder Leviticus L. Boswell. Previously, Taylor served within the Christian Methodist Episcopal Church, and Boswell served within the Metropolitan Community Church; Boswell was ordained as an elder within the Church of God in Christ. Leaving their established religious communities to establish a Spiritualist movement, one member claimed the MSCC \"provided in part an 'umbrella group for gays.'\" In 1926, the Metropolitan Spiritual Churches of Christ began ordaining women ministers.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Following the death of Bishop Taylor, a succession crisis occurred, and in 1942 the MSCC merged with the Divine Spiritual Churches of the Southwest, based in New Orleans, Louisiana. This merger created the United Metropolitan Spiritual Churches of Christ, though the united and uniting church schismed into two separate denominations: the United Metropolitan Spiritual Churches of Christ, and the Metropolitan Spiritual Churches of Christ in Kansas City.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 1974, the MSCC held its 49th congress under the leadership of Bishop Taylor's successor, Bishop Clarence H. Cobbs. Under Bishop Taylor's administration, Cobbs founded the First Church of Deliverance in May 1929.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In 1979, Lucretia L. Smith became the first female presiding bishop of the denomination.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "As a part of the spiritual church movement, the Metropolitan Spiritual Churches of Christ syncretizes certain tenets of Christian Science, Pentecostalism, and Methodism. The MSCC also teaches the foursquare gospel and some of its churches use Catholic iconography and statues, though ritual items and belief systems vary through each congregation; once, the denomination officially practiced seances, however the MSCC \"has attempted to disassociate itself from certain aspects of the larger Spiritual movement (.e.g., seances) and particularly Voodoo.\"",
"title": "Doctrine"
}
] | The Metropolitan Spiritual Churches of Christ (MSCC) is a Christian denomination descending from the spiritual church movement. Formed in 1925 within Kansas City, Missouri, the MSCC is divided into 7 dioceses led by diocesan prelates. The current presiding prelate for the denomination is Bishop James D. Tindall, Sr. | 2023-12-15T01:40:45Z | 2023-12-15T10:40:34Z | [
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75,567,730 | Rio Nakata | Rio Nakata (中田璃士, Nakata Rio, born 8 September 2008) is a Welsh–Japanese figure skater. He is the 2023–24 Junior Grand Prix Final champion and a three-time ISU Junior Grand Prix medalist.
Nakata was born on 8 September 2008 in Cardiff, Wales to his Welsh mother and Japanese father.
JGP: Junior Grand Prix | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Rio Nakata (中田璃士, Nakata Rio, born 8 September 2008) is a Welsh–Japanese figure skater. He is the 2023–24 Junior Grand Prix Final champion and a three-time ISU Junior Grand Prix medalist.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Nakata was born on 8 September 2008 in Cardiff, Wales to his Welsh mother and Japanese father.",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "JGP: Junior Grand Prix",
"title": "Competitive highlights"
}
] | Rio Nakata is a Welsh–Japanese figure skater. He is the 2023–24 Junior Grand Prix Final champion and a three-time ISU Junior Grand Prix medalist. | 2023-12-15T01:42:04Z | 2023-12-27T14:52:48Z | [
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75,567,780 | Mathias Hove Johansen | Mathias Hove Johansen (born 27 September 1998) is a Norwegian sprinter. He represents IL Skjalg, and was the 200 metres Norwegian Athletics Championships winner in 2019 and 2020.
He became the Nordic champion in the 200 metres indoors in 2019, and won the 200 metres at the Nordic–Baltic Under-23 Athletics Championships in 2018.
Johansen finished 3rd in the 400 metres at the 2013 Veidekkelekene, and 4th in the 100 and 200 metres. At the 2013 Framolekene, he won silver in the 100 and 200 metres, and bronze in the 60 metres.
In September, he participated in the 2013 Norwegian Youth Athletics Championships [no], where he won bronze in the 200 metres in the U16 class. In the long jump, he finished 6th, and he came 4th in the 100 metres final.
Outdoors, he participated in the Världsungdomsspelen, winning bronze in the 200 metres in the G16 class. He finished 8th in the long jump, and 4th in the 100 metres. He also competed in the 2014 Norwegian U20 Athletics Championships [no], one and a half months before turning 16. In the 100 metres, he was eliminated in the preliminary heats, with a time of 11.60, and in the 200 metres, he was eliminated in the semifinals, running 23.35. In September, he participated in the 2014 Norwegian U18 Athletics Championships [no], where he finished 3rd in the 100 metres and 5th in the 200 metres.
His fastest outdoor sprints that season were 11.43 in the 100 metres and 23.11 in the 200 metres.
He won silver in the 100 metres at the Baerum Tyrvinglekene. At the 2015 Världsungdomsspelen, he finished 3rd in the 100 metres, and 4th in the 200 metres. In July, he represented Norway at the 2015 World U18 Championships in Athletics in Cali, Colombia. There, he ran 22.05 in the preliminary heats in the 200 metres but did not advance to the finals.
At the 2015 Norwegian Athletics Championships [no], he finished 5th in the 100 metres, with a time of 10.99, but was eliminated in the semifinals in the 200 metres. At the 2015 Norwegian U20 Athletics Championships [no] two weeks later, he finished 6th in the 100 metres and 5th in the 200 metres in the MJ19 class with a new personal record of 22.00. He won both the 100 and 200 metres at the 2015 Norwegian U18 Athletics Championships [no]. There, he set a personal record in the 100 metres with 10.94 seconds.
At the 2016 Norwegian Indoor U18 Championships, he won the 60 metres in 7.06 and the 200 metres in 22.05. Both of these times were indoor personal bests. He participated in the 2016 Norwegian Indoor Athletics Championships in March. In the 200 metres, he won his preliminary heat, with a time of 22.62, but did not qualify for the final. In the 60 metres, he was eliminated in the semifinals, running 7.09. In the outdoor season, he participated in the National Events at the 2016 Bislett Games, finishing 2nd in the 200 metres. He improved his times to 10.62 in the 100 metres at the Veidekkelekene, and to 21.34 in the 200 metres at Tyrvinglekene in June. He won bronze in both the 100 and 200 metres at the 2016 Världsungdomsspelen, where he also qualified for the 2016 World U20 Championships in Athletics after running 21.31. At the World U20 Championships, held in Bydgoszcz, Poland, he posted a 0.3-second personal best in the 200 m of 21.00, despite a 1.2 m/s headwind. In the semifinals, he finished 4th in his heat, and did not advance to the final.
At the 2016 Norwegian Athletics Championships, he only participated in the 200 metres, and finished 4th in the final. At the 2016 Norwegian U20 Athletics Championships [no], he won both the 100 and 200 metres. He was selected to represent Norway at the 2016 Nordic U20 Championships [no] in Reykjavik, where he won silver in the 200 metres and bronze in the 100 metres. He won the 100 metres at the 2016 Norwegian U18 Athletics Championships in Sandnes.
During the 2017 Norwegian Indoor Athletics Championships [no], he won a bronze medal in the 60 metres, setting a personal record of 6.89 seconds in the final. At the 2017 Norwegian U20 Indoor Athletics Championships [no], he won the 60 and 200 metres, setting a personal record of 21.42 seconds in the 200 metres final.
He participated in the 2017 Norwegian Relay Championships [no], where he placed sixth in the 4 × 100 metres relay representing IL Skjalg. Norway competed in the First League (second-best division) at the 2017 European Athletics Team Championships, and Hove Johansen participated in the 4 × 100 metres relay, finishing third. Norway placed sixth overall in the team competition, maintaining their position in the First League. Johansen was selected to participate in the 2017 Nordic U20 Athletics Championships [no], winning silver in the 100 and 200 metres behind Henrik Larsson. He was also a member of the winning 4 × 100 metres relay team.
Hove Johansen won two silver medals at the 2017 Norwegian Athletics Championships, in both the 100 and 200 metres, losing only to Jonathan Quarcoo in both events. He improved his personal record in the 100 metres to 10.54 seconds in the final. At the 2017 Norwegian U20 Athletics Championships [no], he won the 100 and 200 metres. At the 2017 Norwegian U18 Athletics Championships [no], he won the 100 and 200 metres and was runner-up in the long jump with a new personal best of 6.71 metres.
In the 2018 Norwegian Indoor Athletics Championships, Johansen won the 200 metres in a new personal best of 21.31 seconds, and placed fourth in the 60 metres. He competed in the 2018 Nordic Indoor Athletics Match, finishing 7th in the 200 metres.
At the 2018 Norwegian Relay Championships [no], Johansen contributed to IL Skjalg's 4 × 100 m victory in the men's and mixed categories. He won the National 200 metres at the 2018 Bislett Games. He won silver in the 200 metres at the 2018 Världsungdomsspelen, behind Henrik Larsson. In August, he participated in the 2018 Nordic-Baltic U23 Athletics Championships, winning gold in the 200 metres and the 4 × 100 metres relay. He won two silver medals at the 2018 Norwegian Athletics Championships, losing only to Jonathan Quarcoo in the 100 and 200 metres. That result was repeated at the 2018 Norwegian U20 Championships [no], where Quarcoo won the 100 and 200 metres ahead of Johansen.
Johansen finished second in the 200 metres at the 2019 Karsten Warholm International. He did not reach the final in the 60 metres at the 2019 Norwegian Indoor Athletics Championships, but was selected to participate in the Nordic Indoor Athletics Match, where he won the 200 metres in a personal best of 21.27 seconds.
At the 2019 Norwegian Relay Championships [no], Johansen's IL Skjalg team swept the men's 4 × 100 m, men's 4 × 400 m, and mixed 4 × 100 m titles. He won the 200 metres in the national division at the Bislett Games, and at the 2019 European Athletics U23 Championships, he finished eighth in the 200 metres but was eliminated in the preliminary heats of the 100 metres. In August, he won the 200 metres at the 2019 Norwegian Athletics Championships, and he won silver in the 100 metres behind Salum Ageze Kashafali. He won the 100 and 200 metres at the 2019 Norwegian U23 Championships.
Norway competed in the First Division again at the 2019 European Athletics Team Championships, and Johansen finished seventh in the 200 metres, earning five points in the team competition. He also participated in Norway's 4 × 100 metres relay team, which finished 11th. Norway finished third place in the First Division, maintaining their league position.
Johansen won the 200 metres at the 2020 Norwegian Indoor Athletics Championships, and finished second in the 60 metres. He later set a personal best in the 60 metres with a time of 6.86 seconds. At the 2020 Nordic Indoor Athletics Match he won the 200 metres and finished eighth in the 60 metres. He also won the 200 metres at the 2020 Karsten Warholm International.
At the 2020 Bislett Games (also called the Impossible Games), Johansen finished second behind Salum Ageze Kashafali. On 1 August, he set a personal record in the 100 metres at the Kuortane Games in Finland, with a time of 10.43 seconds. He won the 100 metres and 200 metres at the 2020 U23 Norwegian Athletics Championships, and he took gold in the 200 metres and silver in the 100 metres at the 2020 Norwegian Athletics Championships.
Hove Johansen participated in the 2021 European Athletics Indoor Championships, but was eliminated in the preliminary heats of the 60 metres. Outdoors, he broke the 21-second barrier for the first time in June 2021, running 20.98 at the Night of Highlights, and he improved his personal best to 20.86 the next day in Lillehammer. He won two silver medals at the 2021 Norwegian Relay Championships [no], where IL Skjalg finished second in both the men's and mixed 4 × 100 m relays.
He represented Norway in two events at the 2021 European Athletics Team Championships, where Norway participated in the First League again. In the 200 metres, he finished in fourth place, and in the 4 × 100 metres relay, Norway finished in fifth place. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Mathias Hove Johansen (born 27 September 1998) is a Norwegian sprinter. He represents IL Skjalg, and was the 200 metres Norwegian Athletics Championships winner in 2019 and 2020.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "He became the Nordic champion in the 200 metres indoors in 2019, and won the 200 metres at the Nordic–Baltic Under-23 Athletics Championships in 2018.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Johansen finished 3rd in the 400 metres at the 2013 Veidekkelekene, and 4th in the 100 and 200 metres. At the 2013 Framolekene, he won silver in the 100 and 200 metres, and bronze in the 60 metres.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In September, he participated in the 2013 Norwegian Youth Athletics Championships [no], where he won bronze in the 200 metres in the U16 class. In the long jump, he finished 6th, and he came 4th in the 100 metres final.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Outdoors, he participated in the Världsungdomsspelen, winning bronze in the 200 metres in the G16 class. He finished 8th in the long jump, and 4th in the 100 metres. He also competed in the 2014 Norwegian U20 Athletics Championships [no], one and a half months before turning 16. In the 100 metres, he was eliminated in the preliminary heats, with a time of 11.60, and in the 200 metres, he was eliminated in the semifinals, running 23.35. In September, he participated in the 2014 Norwegian U18 Athletics Championships [no], where he finished 3rd in the 100 metres and 5th in the 200 metres.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "His fastest outdoor sprints that season were 11.43 in the 100 metres and 23.11 in the 200 metres.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "He won silver in the 100 metres at the Baerum Tyrvinglekene. At the 2015 Världsungdomsspelen, he finished 3rd in the 100 metres, and 4th in the 200 metres. In July, he represented Norway at the 2015 World U18 Championships in Athletics in Cali, Colombia. There, he ran 22.05 in the preliminary heats in the 200 metres but did not advance to the finals.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "At the 2015 Norwegian Athletics Championships [no], he finished 5th in the 100 metres, with a time of 10.99, but was eliminated in the semifinals in the 200 metres. At the 2015 Norwegian U20 Athletics Championships [no] two weeks later, he finished 6th in the 100 metres and 5th in the 200 metres in the MJ19 class with a new personal record of 22.00. He won both the 100 and 200 metres at the 2015 Norwegian U18 Athletics Championships [no]. There, he set a personal record in the 100 metres with 10.94 seconds.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "At the 2016 Norwegian Indoor U18 Championships, he won the 60 metres in 7.06 and the 200 metres in 22.05. Both of these times were indoor personal bests. He participated in the 2016 Norwegian Indoor Athletics Championships in March. In the 200 metres, he won his preliminary heat, with a time of 22.62, but did not qualify for the final. In the 60 metres, he was eliminated in the semifinals, running 7.09. In the outdoor season, he participated in the National Events at the 2016 Bislett Games, finishing 2nd in the 200 metres. He improved his times to 10.62 in the 100 metres at the Veidekkelekene, and to 21.34 in the 200 metres at Tyrvinglekene in June. He won bronze in both the 100 and 200 metres at the 2016 Världsungdomsspelen, where he also qualified for the 2016 World U20 Championships in Athletics after running 21.31. At the World U20 Championships, held in Bydgoszcz, Poland, he posted a 0.3-second personal best in the 200 m of 21.00, despite a 1.2 m/s headwind. In the semifinals, he finished 4th in his heat, and did not advance to the final.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "At the 2016 Norwegian Athletics Championships, he only participated in the 200 metres, and finished 4th in the final. At the 2016 Norwegian U20 Athletics Championships [no], he won both the 100 and 200 metres. He was selected to represent Norway at the 2016 Nordic U20 Championships [no] in Reykjavik, where he won silver in the 200 metres and bronze in the 100 metres. He won the 100 metres at the 2016 Norwegian U18 Athletics Championships in Sandnes.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "During the 2017 Norwegian Indoor Athletics Championships [no], he won a bronze medal in the 60 metres, setting a personal record of 6.89 seconds in the final. At the 2017 Norwegian U20 Indoor Athletics Championships [no], he won the 60 and 200 metres, setting a personal record of 21.42 seconds in the 200 metres final.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "He participated in the 2017 Norwegian Relay Championships [no], where he placed sixth in the 4 × 100 metres relay representing IL Skjalg. Norway competed in the First League (second-best division) at the 2017 European Athletics Team Championships, and Hove Johansen participated in the 4 × 100 metres relay, finishing third. Norway placed sixth overall in the team competition, maintaining their position in the First League. Johansen was selected to participate in the 2017 Nordic U20 Athletics Championships [no], winning silver in the 100 and 200 metres behind Henrik Larsson. He was also a member of the winning 4 × 100 metres relay team.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "Hove Johansen won two silver medals at the 2017 Norwegian Athletics Championships, in both the 100 and 200 metres, losing only to Jonathan Quarcoo in both events. He improved his personal record in the 100 metres to 10.54 seconds in the final. At the 2017 Norwegian U20 Athletics Championships [no], he won the 100 and 200 metres. At the 2017 Norwegian U18 Athletics Championships [no], he won the 100 and 200 metres and was runner-up in the long jump with a new personal best of 6.71 metres.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "In the 2018 Norwegian Indoor Athletics Championships, Johansen won the 200 metres in a new personal best of 21.31 seconds, and placed fourth in the 60 metres. He competed in the 2018 Nordic Indoor Athletics Match, finishing 7th in the 200 metres.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "At the 2018 Norwegian Relay Championships [no], Johansen contributed to IL Skjalg's 4 × 100 m victory in the men's and mixed categories. He won the National 200 metres at the 2018 Bislett Games. He won silver in the 200 metres at the 2018 Världsungdomsspelen, behind Henrik Larsson. In August, he participated in the 2018 Nordic-Baltic U23 Athletics Championships, winning gold in the 200 metres and the 4 × 100 metres relay. He won two silver medals at the 2018 Norwegian Athletics Championships, losing only to Jonathan Quarcoo in the 100 and 200 metres. That result was repeated at the 2018 Norwegian U20 Championships [no], where Quarcoo won the 100 and 200 metres ahead of Johansen.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "Johansen finished second in the 200 metres at the 2019 Karsten Warholm International. He did not reach the final in the 60 metres at the 2019 Norwegian Indoor Athletics Championships, but was selected to participate in the Nordic Indoor Athletics Match, where he won the 200 metres in a personal best of 21.27 seconds.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "At the 2019 Norwegian Relay Championships [no], Johansen's IL Skjalg team swept the men's 4 × 100 m, men's 4 × 400 m, and mixed 4 × 100 m titles. He won the 200 metres in the national division at the Bislett Games, and at the 2019 European Athletics U23 Championships, he finished eighth in the 200 metres but was eliminated in the preliminary heats of the 100 metres. In August, he won the 200 metres at the 2019 Norwegian Athletics Championships, and he won silver in the 100 metres behind Salum Ageze Kashafali. He won the 100 and 200 metres at the 2019 Norwegian U23 Championships.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "Norway competed in the First Division again at the 2019 European Athletics Team Championships, and Johansen finished seventh in the 200 metres, earning five points in the team competition. He also participated in Norway's 4 × 100 metres relay team, which finished 11th. Norway finished third place in the First Division, maintaining their league position.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "Johansen won the 200 metres at the 2020 Norwegian Indoor Athletics Championships, and finished second in the 60 metres. He later set a personal best in the 60 metres with a time of 6.86 seconds. At the 2020 Nordic Indoor Athletics Match he won the 200 metres and finished eighth in the 60 metres. He also won the 200 metres at the 2020 Karsten Warholm International.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 19,
"text": "At the 2020 Bislett Games (also called the Impossible Games), Johansen finished second behind Salum Ageze Kashafali. On 1 August, he set a personal record in the 100 metres at the Kuortane Games in Finland, with a time of 10.43 seconds. He won the 100 metres and 200 metres at the 2020 U23 Norwegian Athletics Championships, and he took gold in the 200 metres and silver in the 100 metres at the 2020 Norwegian Athletics Championships.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 20,
"text": "Hove Johansen participated in the 2021 European Athletics Indoor Championships, but was eliminated in the preliminary heats of the 60 metres. Outdoors, he broke the 21-second barrier for the first time in June 2021, running 20.98 at the Night of Highlights, and he improved his personal best to 20.86 the next day in Lillehammer. He won two silver medals at the 2021 Norwegian Relay Championships [no], where IL Skjalg finished second in both the men's and mixed 4 × 100 m relays.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 21,
"text": "He represented Norway in two events at the 2021 European Athletics Team Championships, where Norway participated in the First League again. In the 200 metres, he finished in fourth place, and in the 4 × 100 metres relay, Norway finished in fifth place.",
"title": "Career"
}
] | Mathias Hove Johansen is a Norwegian sprinter. He represents IL Skjalg, and was the 200 metres Norwegian Athletics Championships winner in 2019 and 2020. He became the Nordic champion in the 200 metres indoors in 2019, and won the 200 metres at the Nordic–Baltic Under-23 Athletics Championships in 2018. | 2023-12-15T01:48:00Z | 2023-12-26T19:26:50Z | [
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75,567,800 | Savannah King (soccer) | Savannah Mckenzie King (born February 7, 2005) is an American soccer player who plays as a defender. She plays college soccer for the North Carolina Tar Heels and internationally for the United States national under-20 team.
King was born in Santa Monica, California, to Karrie King and Kim Parker King, and grew up in West Hills. She has a twin brother, Parker. She played multiple sports in her youth, including softball, baseball, and flag football. She began playing soccer at age ten for a team in the American Youth Soccer Organization (AYSO). She later played club soccer for Real So Cal and then Slammers FC HB Køge in the Elite Clubs National League (ECNL), with which she won the ECNL's under-18/19 national title in 2023.
King lettered in four years of track for Agoura High School and set school records in the 200-meter (25.49) and 400-meter dash (56.87). She also played flag football at Agoura and once recorded six interceptions and four touchdowns in a single game. Ranked by TopDrawerSoccer.com as the top left back of the class of 2023, she committed to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in November 2022.
King started at center back in every match of her freshman season at North Carolina in 2023. Head coach Anson Dorrance called her performance in the team's scoreless season opener at Penn State the "best first-game performance by a freshman" in program history. In the first three weeks of the season, she received two Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) Defensive Player of the Week Awards as North Carolina conceded only two goals in its first six matches. She led the team with 2,030 minutes on the season, which ended in the 2023 NCAA tournament quarterfinals, and was named to the ACC All-Freshman team and the All-ACC second team.
King was invited to United States national under-15 team training camps in 2019 and 2020. In 2022, she helped the national under-17 team win the 2022 CONCACAF Women's U-17 Championship to qualify for the 2022 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup, where she helped the United States advance out of the group stage, though they lost in the first knockout round on penalties. The next year, she was called up to the national under-20 team for the 2023 CONCACAF Women's U-20 Championship, where she helped the United States qualify for the 2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Savannah Mckenzie King (born February 7, 2005) is an American soccer player who plays as a defender. She plays college soccer for the North Carolina Tar Heels and internationally for the United States national under-20 team.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "King was born in Santa Monica, California, to Karrie King and Kim Parker King, and grew up in West Hills. She has a twin brother, Parker. She played multiple sports in her youth, including softball, baseball, and flag football. She began playing soccer at age ten for a team in the American Youth Soccer Organization (AYSO). She later played club soccer for Real So Cal and then Slammers FC HB Køge in the Elite Clubs National League (ECNL), with which she won the ECNL's under-18/19 national title in 2023.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "King lettered in four years of track for Agoura High School and set school records in the 200-meter (25.49) and 400-meter dash (56.87). She also played flag football at Agoura and once recorded six interceptions and four touchdowns in a single game. Ranked by TopDrawerSoccer.com as the top left back of the class of 2023, she committed to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in November 2022.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "King started at center back in every match of her freshman season at North Carolina in 2023. Head coach Anson Dorrance called her performance in the team's scoreless season opener at Penn State the \"best first-game performance by a freshman\" in program history. In the first three weeks of the season, she received two Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) Defensive Player of the Week Awards as North Carolina conceded only two goals in its first six matches. She led the team with 2,030 minutes on the season, which ended in the 2023 NCAA tournament quarterfinals, and was named to the ACC All-Freshman team and the All-ACC second team.",
"title": "College career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "King was invited to United States national under-15 team training camps in 2019 and 2020. In 2022, she helped the national under-17 team win the 2022 CONCACAF Women's U-17 Championship to qualify for the 2022 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup, where she helped the United States advance out of the group stage, though they lost in the first knockout round on penalties. The next year, she was called up to the national under-20 team for the 2023 CONCACAF Women's U-20 Championship, where she helped the United States qualify for the 2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup.",
"title": "International career"
}
] | Savannah Mckenzie King is an American soccer player who plays as a defender. She plays college soccer for the North Carolina Tar Heels and internationally for the United States national under-20 team. | 2023-12-15T01:51:07Z | 2023-12-21T08:03:25Z | [
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75,567,804 | Moesa Pancho | Moesa Pancho, also credited as Moesa, was an Indonesian actor who was the founder of Tangkiwood. He was the father of actress Habibah, grandfather of actress Hadidjah, great-grandfather of musician Idris Sardi, as well great-great-grandfather of actor Lukman Sardi.
Moesa was born in Ternate, Dutch East Indies. He later married and had a daughter, Habibah, who went to became an actress and starred together with him in Fatima (1938). Habibah later married to Harun Seman, a stage actor, and later gave birth to a daughter, Hadidjah, who also went to became an actress and starred together with him in Alang-Alang (1939). Moesa later became a stage and film actor which was known in Asia and then starred in several films, such as: Matjan Berbisik (1940), Harta Berdarah (1940), Bajar dengan Djiwa (1940), Mega Mendoeng (1941), and made his last film appearance in Garoeda Mas (1941).
Due to his popularity, Moesa was given a house at Tangki Lio street in Mangga Besar, West Jakarta, by Tan Ing Hi, the owner of Princen Park. The village later turned into an artists village and was named Tangkiwood by Bing Slamet, a parody of Hollywood, which was being inhabited by artists from the 1940s until 1950s, including Laila Sari. Moesa's was resided at Gang Tangkiwood II next to Warung Sengki in front of Beton river and next to the house of other artists who came from Java, Palembang, and Philippines.
His great-grandson, Idris Sardi, is a musician from Hadidjah marriage to Mas Sardi. Idris later married to Zerlita and had a son, Lukman Sardi, who later went to become an actor. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Moesa Pancho, also credited as Moesa, was an Indonesian actor who was the founder of Tangkiwood. He was the father of actress Habibah, grandfather of actress Hadidjah, great-grandfather of musician Idris Sardi, as well great-great-grandfather of actor Lukman Sardi.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Moesa was born in Ternate, Dutch East Indies. He later married and had a daughter, Habibah, who went to became an actress and starred together with him in Fatima (1938). Habibah later married to Harun Seman, a stage actor, and later gave birth to a daughter, Hadidjah, who also went to became an actress and starred together with him in Alang-Alang (1939). Moesa later became a stage and film actor which was known in Asia and then starred in several films, such as: Matjan Berbisik (1940), Harta Berdarah (1940), Bajar dengan Djiwa (1940), Mega Mendoeng (1941), and made his last film appearance in Garoeda Mas (1941).",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Due to his popularity, Moesa was given a house at Tangki Lio street in Mangga Besar, West Jakarta, by Tan Ing Hi, the owner of Princen Park. The village later turned into an artists village and was named Tangkiwood by Bing Slamet, a parody of Hollywood, which was being inhabited by artists from the 1940s until 1950s, including Laila Sari. Moesa's was resided at Gang Tangkiwood II next to Warung Sengki in front of Beton river and next to the house of other artists who came from Java, Palembang, and Philippines.",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "His great-grandson, Idris Sardi, is a musician from Hadidjah marriage to Mas Sardi. Idris later married to Zerlita and had a son, Lukman Sardi, who later went to become an actor.",
"title": "Life and career"
}
] | Moesa Pancho, also credited as Moesa, was an Indonesian actor who was the founder of Tangkiwood. He was the father of actress Habibah, grandfather of actress Hadidjah, great-grandfather of musician Idris Sardi, as well great-great-grandfather of actor Lukman Sardi. | 2023-12-15T01:51:25Z | 2023-12-31T06:23:38Z | [
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75,567,809 | Gregório Leozírio Ben Lâmed da Paixão Neto | His Excellency, The Most Reverend, Monsignor. Dom. Gregório Leozírio Ben Lâmed da Paixão Neto, O.S.B.(born 3 November 1964) is an Brazilian prelate of the Catholic Church. He is a professed Benedictine monk. He has been appointed as Metropolitan Archbishop of Fortaleza on 11 October 2023. He was previously the Bishop of Petrópolis (2012-2023) and Auxiliary Bishop of São Salvador da Bahia (2006-2012).
Dom. Gregório Leozírio Ben Lâmed da Paixão Neto was born in Aracaju, Brazil, on 3 November 1964. He attended the Benedictine monastery in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. There, He carried out his studies in philosophy and theology. In 1986 he gave his religious vows as the Benedictine monk, and on March 1993 he was ordained priest. He holds a doctoral degree in cultural anthropology from University of Amsterdam in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
He has served as Master of novices and prior of the Benedictine Monastery of Bahia; Director of the Colégio São Bento in Salvador-BA; Professor and director of the São Bento Faculty in Salvador-BA; Member of the Economic Board of the archdiocese of São Salvador da Bahia.
On 7 June 2006 he was appointed titular bishop of Fico and auxiliary of São Salvador da Bahia by Pope Benedict XVI, and received episcopal ordination on 29 July 2006. On 10 October 2012 he was transferred to Petrópolis as bishop. On 11 October 2023, Pope Francis named him as metropolitan archbishop of Fortaleza. His installation will be held on December 2023. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "His Excellency, The Most Reverend, Monsignor. Dom. Gregório Leozírio Ben Lâmed da Paixão Neto, O.S.B.(born 3 November 1964) is an Brazilian prelate of the Catholic Church. He is a professed Benedictine monk. He has been appointed as Metropolitan Archbishop of Fortaleza on 11 October 2023. He was previously the Bishop of Petrópolis (2012-2023) and Auxiliary Bishop of São Salvador da Bahia (2006-2012).",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Dom. Gregório Leozírio Ben Lâmed da Paixão Neto was born in Aracaju, Brazil, on 3 November 1964. He attended the Benedictine monastery in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. There, He carried out his studies in philosophy and theology. In 1986 he gave his religious vows as the Benedictine monk, and on March 1993 he was ordained priest. He holds a doctoral degree in cultural anthropology from University of Amsterdam in Amsterdam, Netherlands.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "He has served as Master of novices and prior of the Benedictine Monastery of Bahia; Director of the Colégio São Bento in Salvador-BA; Professor and director of the São Bento Faculty in Salvador-BA; Member of the Economic Board of the archdiocese of São Salvador da Bahia.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "On 7 June 2006 he was appointed titular bishop of Fico and auxiliary of São Salvador da Bahia by Pope Benedict XVI, and received episcopal ordination on 29 July 2006. On 10 October 2012 he was transferred to Petrópolis as bishop. On 11 October 2023, Pope Francis named him as metropolitan archbishop of Fortaleza. His installation will be held on December 2023.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | His Excellency, The Most Reverend, Monsignor. Dom. Gregório Leozírio Ben Lâmed da Paixão Neto, O.S.B.(born 3 November 1964) is an Brazilian prelate of the Catholic Church. He is a professed Benedictine monk. He has been appointed as Metropolitan Archbishop of Fortaleza on 11 October 2023. He was previously the Bishop of Petrópolis (2012-2023) and Auxiliary Bishop of São Salvador da Bahia (2006-2012). | 2023-12-15T01:52:18Z | 2023-12-15T15:56:14Z | [
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75,567,813 | Savannah King | [] | 2023-12-15T01:52:52Z | 2023-12-15T10:55:07Z | [
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||
75,567,830 | We Only Talk About Real Shit When We're Fucked Up | We Only Talk About Real Shit When We're Fucked Up is the fourth studio album by American rapper Bas. It was released on December 15, 2023, by Dreamville Records and Interscope Records. The album features guest appearances from Adekunle Gold, AJ Tracey, Amaarae, A$AP Ferg, Blxckie, FKJ, J. Cole and Sha Sha, with production handled by a variety of producers, including J. Cole, FKJ, Boi-1da CuBeatz, Galimatias and Kel-P, among others.
The album was supported by four official singles: "Passport Bros" with J. Cole, "Ho Chi Minh", "Khartoum" with Adekunle Gold, and "179 Deli" with AJ Tracey.
Bas first announced the album to the world on January 31, 2023, via Twitter as he posted a promotional cover art and captioned the post as, "4th album". Bas continued to tease the album throughout 2023 until officially announcing it following the release of "Passport Bros".
The album was officially announced on December 5, 2023, after Bas had taken to his Instagram to post the official tracklist and release date. The tracklist previewed features from Adekunle Gold, AJ Tracey, Amaarae, ASAP Ferg, Blxckie, FKJ, J. Cole and Sha Sha.
The album's lead single, "Passport Bros" with J. Cole was released on July 19, 2023. This was later followed up by the release of the offiocial music video just hours following the release of the record. The album's second single "Ho Chi Minh" was released on August 19, 2023, alongside the official music video. The title of the song plays homage to Ho Chi Minh, a former president of North Vietnam. The album's third single, "Khartoum" with Adekunle Gold was released on October 24, 2023. The music video was also filmed in Khartoum, the capital of Sudan. The album's fourth and final single, "179 Deli" with UK rapper AJ Tracey was released on November 28, 2023.
Pitchfork's Dylan Green felt that the album has "more R&B melodies and heartfelt vulnerability than ever" and wrote that Bas "sounds most comfortable and self-assured when rapping next to Cole", but concluded that "as a solo artist, he winds up doing the one thing he feared most: spreading himself too thin". | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "We Only Talk About Real Shit When We're Fucked Up is the fourth studio album by American rapper Bas. It was released on December 15, 2023, by Dreamville Records and Interscope Records. The album features guest appearances from Adekunle Gold, AJ Tracey, Amaarae, A$AP Ferg, Blxckie, FKJ, J. Cole and Sha Sha, with production handled by a variety of producers, including J. Cole, FKJ, Boi-1da CuBeatz, Galimatias and Kel-P, among others.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "The album was supported by four official singles: \"Passport Bros\" with J. Cole, \"Ho Chi Minh\", \"Khartoum\" with Adekunle Gold, and \"179 Deli\" with AJ Tracey.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Bas first announced the album to the world on January 31, 2023, via Twitter as he posted a promotional cover art and captioned the post as, \"4th album\". Bas continued to tease the album throughout 2023 until officially announcing it following the release of \"Passport Bros\".",
"title": "Release and promotion"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The album was officially announced on December 5, 2023, after Bas had taken to his Instagram to post the official tracklist and release date. The tracklist previewed features from Adekunle Gold, AJ Tracey, Amaarae, ASAP Ferg, Blxckie, FKJ, J. Cole and Sha Sha.",
"title": "Release and promotion"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The album's lead single, \"Passport Bros\" with J. Cole was released on July 19, 2023. This was later followed up by the release of the offiocial music video just hours following the release of the record. The album's second single \"Ho Chi Minh\" was released on August 19, 2023, alongside the official music video. The title of the song plays homage to Ho Chi Minh, a former president of North Vietnam. The album's third single, \"Khartoum\" with Adekunle Gold was released on October 24, 2023. The music video was also filmed in Khartoum, the capital of Sudan. The album's fourth and final single, \"179 Deli\" with UK rapper AJ Tracey was released on November 28, 2023.",
"title": "Release and promotion"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Pitchfork's Dylan Green felt that the album has \"more R&B melodies and heartfelt vulnerability than ever\" and wrote that Bas \"sounds most comfortable and self-assured when rapping next to Cole\", but concluded that \"as a solo artist, he winds up doing the one thing he feared most: spreading himself too thin\".",
"title": "Critical reception"
}
] | We Only Talk About Real Shit When We're Fucked Up is the fourth studio album by American rapper Bas. It was released on December 15, 2023, by Dreamville Records and Interscope Records. The album features guest appearances from Adekunle Gold, AJ Tracey, Amaarae, A$AP Ferg, Blxckie, FKJ, J. Cole and Sha Sha, with production handled by a variety of producers, including J. Cole, FKJ, Boi-1da CuBeatz, Galimatias and Kel-P, among others. The album was supported by four official singles: "Passport Bros" with J. Cole, "Ho Chi Minh", "Khartoum" with Adekunle Gold, and "179 Deli" with AJ Tracey. | 2023-12-15T02:03:04Z | 2023-12-26T18:17:59Z | [
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75,567,893 | 2024 in Vatican City | Events in the year 2024 in Vatican City.
Source: | [
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"text": "Events in the year 2024 in Vatican City.",
"title": ""
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"text": "Source:",
"title": "Holidays"
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] | Events in the year 2024 in Vatican City. | 2023-12-15T02:16:23Z | 2023-12-15T08:19:45Z | [
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75,567,908 | J. B. Blanding | Jabez Bullock Blanding (August 5, 1841 – May 1, 1866), called Lt. J. B. Blanding in most reports about his death, was a disabled combat veteran of the American Civil War and an agent of the Freedmen's Bureau in the United States who was assassinated by white Mississippians in Grenada, Yalobusha County in April 1866. Blanding was shot three times (twice in the head, once in the back) while on an evening walk. There is a 50-page file on the murder of Blanding in the records of the Freedmen's Bureau; the gunman was likely "Young" Tom Wilson, aided and abetted by local gang leader Bill Forrest (brother of Nathan Bedford Forrest). No one was ever charged with Blanding's murder, in part due to witness intimidation.
J. B. Blanding was born in Providence, Rhode Island in 1841, the son of William and Mary R. (Bullock) Blanding. Blanding attended Providence public schools and was working as a clerk when the American Civil War began. He served as a private in the First Rhode Island Detached Militia before he enlisted in the U.S. Army in 1861. Initially a second lieutenant, he was promoted to first lieutenant in November 1862. He served in Company G of the 3rd Regiment, Rhode Island Heavy Artillery, and was "badly wounded in the left arm" at the Battle of Pocotaligo Bridge. A newspaper article 30 years after the fact reported that while "serving a battery of heavy guns from the deck of the steamer Planter, at the Battle of Pocotaligo, he was severely wounded by a rifle ball which entered the left arm near the shoulder, causing a compound fracture, and, passing into the left side, lodged near the spine, remaining there 18 months before it was extracted."
Per the 1892 account, "After lying in the hospital at Fort Pulaski for a time Blanding received a leave of absence and returned home, remaining there until March. He then returned to his regiment still suffering from the effects of his wound." Blanding was later feted at a regimental celebration as "the star of the R.I. Boys." Blanding was injured again when "the boat he was on was blown up on a reconnoitering trip up the Coosaw River." The regimental history described Blanding's actions after a Confederate shell hit the magazine of their transport, the George Washington, which wrecked on April 9, 1863.
Lieutenant Blanding, Mr. Martin, and our two brave men, D. A. Sisson and A. F. Randall, heroically stood by the wounded men and the crippled boat, resolved to do or die in performing their whole duty, but soon perceiving that the shattered vessel was on fire, called to the row-boat on shore to rescue the wounded. Amid the screeching missiles a black man by order of Lieutenant Smith, brought the row-boat to their relief. Into this were carefully put the wounded that were living. Then our men looked to their safety. Lieutenant Blanding, still suffering in his unhealed, shrivelled, helpless left arm, shot in action in the preceding October, at Pocotaligo, by desperate effort of paddling and pushing, urged the boatload of wounded men beyond the reach of the flames, towards the shore; but, finally, in crossing a small inner channel, he could not lift himself again into the boat, and was obliged to drop his hold and strike out with his one arm to save his life; and, though he went down twice, he at last reached land.
The ship sank, the rowboat floated downstream and was captured, the survivors that made it to shore were aided by "the colored soldiers (First South Carolina Volunteers) picketing the island." Blanding, praised for his "intrepidity and fidelity," was sent north to recuperate where "he was detailed as an inspector in the provost-marshal general's department." Per the regimental history, "...on account of the loss of the use of his arm from the battle of Pocotaligo, resigned his place amongst us to accept a commission as First Lieutenant in the Veteran Reserve Corps...He was almost idolized by Company G, and beloved by the whole regiment. A more gallant officer never drew sword. The loss of his arm was his full justification for retiring from the front to a more quiet position among those whose losses of limbs were their enduring proofs of noble conduct."
Blanding joined the Freedmen's Bureau after the end of the war, and was appointed sub-commissioner of the Grenada, Mississippi office on March 23, 1866. His first assignment was a county of about 16,000 people in a cotton district where two railroads from Tennessee met at a wye. Blanding was part of the Veterans Reserve Corps, and according to a history of that service, "Any VRC officer serving with the bureau risked [violence] if he tried to do his job. The white South was far from pacified during the late 1860s, and veteran officers were well aware of the situation in which they found themselves. More than a salary of US$1,000 (equivalent to $19,986 in 2022) to US$1,200 (equivalent to $23,984 in 2022) per annum kept these men on duty in the face of the dangers and hardships they encountered."
Recollections of 19th-century Grenada, Mississippi, which were recorded in the 1920s, briefly mention the Freedmen's Bureau and described a large U.S. Army garrison in the town:
After Green's death and the negro soldiers were removed from Grenada, 2,000 Yankee soldiers were stationed here. They lived in barracks back of and on the lot now owned by Mr. Honeycutt. There was always a fuss down there and nearly every night a Yankee or a negro would be killed. With the army came the officers and agents of the Freedmen's Bureau that had been established by Congress. Its officers and agents were principally clerks from the quartermaster and commissary department or sutlers who had been in the army and had been thrown out of employment when the troops mustered out of service. They were, in general, a very low class of people, prejudiced against the white people of Mississippi. The town was flooded with carpetbaggers who wanted offices and tried to swindle the negro and white out of everything they possibly could. Their presence in the state created differences between the races where up to that time, the best feelings had prevailed.
This account of "2,000 Yankees" stationed in Grenada, killing each other and various freedmen on the regular, conflicts (numerically at least), with a communication of Major Thomas J. Wood in Vicksburg, who reported having "one small battalion of regulars, numbering considerably less than 300 men for duty" across the Mississippi district.
Blanding was shot by white Mississippians shortly after 7:30 p.m. on the evening of Monday, April 30, 1866. The circumstances were that "he was invited to a walk after supper and had gone but a short distance when a pistol was placed near his head and without a moment's warning three shots were fired at him, each taking effect...No cause was given for this cowardly and brutal act." The shooting took place near the Woodroof & Co. building in front of a "10-pin alley" along the edge of the town square. One account said three men were involved. Two bullets struck him in the head and one entered into his back. He survived long enough to make a dying declaration about his own murder. Blanding died at 10:30 the next morning. The regional sub-commissioner reporting Blanding's murder also said that he and anyone deemed "Yankee" was in grave danger in Grenada, and that the teachers at the school for newly emancipated black children were also "not safe." This was known to him because "as Blanding lay dying, 'a committee of citizens' paid a call on his captain to warn him 'that the teachers must leave, and that if he himself did not leave he would be killed next.'"
Two days later the Memphis Daily Post reported:
Murder and Brutal Assault at Grenada. — An officer of the regular service coming North from New Orleans learned in passing Grenada that Lieut. J. B. Blanding of the Veteran Reserve Corps on duty at Grenada in connection with the Freedmen's Bureau was shot three times on Monday night while passing a ten-pin alley in that place. He was not expected to survive. He was a quiet gentlemanly officer and was apparently the best of terms with the citizens...The officer who informed us of this also learned that the Rev. Mr. Bardwell, the Superintendent of Freedmen's Schools at Grenada, was brutally assaulted by an Alderman of that city without any provocation whatever. This law-abiding Alderman is said to have had himself fined $10 and was then congratulated on his chivalric attack. The honor of the deed will be heightened when it is known that Mr. Bardwell is a feeble old man.
On May 21, 1866, sub-commissioner Silas May wrote from Grenada: "We have been repeatedly warned of our danger and the sound of firearms is heard nightly on the streets, reminding one of being on picket duty." On May 27, 1866, sub-commissioner James M. Shepley wrote, "...beg permission to state that the only evidence 'positive' in the case of the assassination of Lt. Blanding is 'Freedmen' and that there is sufficient to condemn the party, but I am assured that unless they are protected by military authorities, their lives will be taken the moment this fact becomes known." General George Thomas, based in Nashville, wrote the War Department about the situation in Grenada, asking for clarification of "how far I am authorized to proceed with the trial of such a case under the present status of the military with regard to the civil."
The "correspondent of the New York Herald who [was] traveling with Gens. Steedman and Fullerton" reported in July 1866 that the murder of Blanding was generally attributed to a gang of drunken marauders led by Bill Forrest, one of defeated Confederate Lt. Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest's younger brothers. In addition to the killing of Blanding and the assault on Bardwell, "One gentleman, Capt. Adams, who before the war was a wealthy banker, declared openly that the wretches who committed this crime were no more than thugs, and ought to be hanged at once. For this expression of opinion he was waylaid in the streets by Bill Forrest and clubbed within an inch of his life, his ribs and one arm broken. The terrorism exercised by Forrest's gang prevented even this outrage on a prominent and respectable citizen of the town from being adequately punished. A mild fine of something like $60 was all the penalty inflicted upon Forrest." In 1877, journalist Lafcadio Hearn wrote of William H. Forrest that "where known he was feared...'much more than the Almighty.'"
The official records of the Freedmen's Bureau indicate that Forrest and "Young Wilson" (who had been convicted of the murders of "one or two negroes" in Louisiana) were major suspects. On March 28, 1873, Grenada County chancery court officer C. P. Lincoln sent a letter to the feds inquiring about possibly arresting Tom Wilson. According to Lincoln, Wilson had been sentenced to life in Angola Prison after murdering "one or two negroes" but was out again and back in Grenada or environs. Per an affidavit of the sheriff of DeSoto Parish, Thomas H. Wilson had shot and killed William and Mrs. Dorsey on May 25, 1870, near Mansfield, Louisiana. Wilson escaped from jail in New Orleans on February 3, 1871. There was a Thos. Wilson, born in Mississippi, received at Louisiana State Penitentiary from DeSoto Parish on November 3, 1871 to serve out a life sentence for a murder conviction. Wilson was described in the prison register as 23 years old, 5 ft 10+1⁄2 in (1.79 m), with fair hair and blue eyes. Wilson was pardoned and released on March 26, 1873, after having served about 16 months in prison. U.S. Attorney General George Henry Williams ultimately wrote U.S. Secretary of War William W. Belknap that it was not within the jurisdiction of G. Wiley Wells, the U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of Mississippi, to prosecute Wilson for the murder of Blanding, but rather a matter for the local courts that had "decline[d] to take action on the premises."
Decades after the fact, a history of the Reconstruction Era in Yalobusha and Grenada Counties reported, "In 1866 Lieutenant Blooding [sic], who was the head of the department at that time, was assassinated by Tom Wilson, a Southern man of desperate character. The reason for this act could not be ascertained by the writer." A biography of Blanding published in 1908 stated that "so great was the power exerted by a band of outlaws then holding a reign of terror that, though the instigators of the murder were believed to be well-known, no witness could be procured to appear against them before the grand jury." Blanding's killers were never brought to justice but according to Oliver Otis Howard, the commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, his death was nonetheless a signal event of the immediate post-war period: "The deliberate murder April 30th of that year of a worthy officer, Lieutenant J. B. Blanding, 21st Regiment Veteran Reserve Corps, while walking on the street at Grenada, Miss., and attempts upon the lives of other men who had been faithful and fearless in the discharge of their delicate and dangerous duties, gave rise to increased anxiety everywhere and seemed to necessitate an increase of military force."
Lt. Blanding was buried at the historic North Burial Ground in his home state of Rhode Island. He was apparently breveted captain after his death. His marble grave marker reads, "21 Reg't Vet Res Corp. After serving with distinction in the US Army from commencement to the close of the Civil War, was basely assassinated while in the discharge of his military duties at Grenada, Miss." Blanding was 24 years, nine months old at the time of his murder. He was survived by his wife, Sarah, and a daughter, Pamelia, born December 1864. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Jabez Bullock Blanding (August 5, 1841 – May 1, 1866), called Lt. J. B. Blanding in most reports about his death, was a disabled combat veteran of the American Civil War and an agent of the Freedmen's Bureau in the United States who was assassinated by white Mississippians in Grenada, Yalobusha County in April 1866. Blanding was shot three times (twice in the head, once in the back) while on an evening walk. There is a 50-page file on the murder of Blanding in the records of the Freedmen's Bureau; the gunman was likely \"Young\" Tom Wilson, aided and abetted by local gang leader Bill Forrest (brother of Nathan Bedford Forrest). No one was ever charged with Blanding's murder, in part due to witness intimidation.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "J. B. Blanding was born in Providence, Rhode Island in 1841, the son of William and Mary R. (Bullock) Blanding. Blanding attended Providence public schools and was working as a clerk when the American Civil War began. He served as a private in the First Rhode Island Detached Militia before he enlisted in the U.S. Army in 1861. Initially a second lieutenant, he was promoted to first lieutenant in November 1862. He served in Company G of the 3rd Regiment, Rhode Island Heavy Artillery, and was \"badly wounded in the left arm\" at the Battle of Pocotaligo Bridge. A newspaper article 30 years after the fact reported that while \"serving a battery of heavy guns from the deck of the steamer Planter, at the Battle of Pocotaligo, he was severely wounded by a rifle ball which entered the left arm near the shoulder, causing a compound fracture, and, passing into the left side, lodged near the spine, remaining there 18 months before it was extracted.\"",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Per the 1892 account, \"After lying in the hospital at Fort Pulaski for a time Blanding received a leave of absence and returned home, remaining there until March. He then returned to his regiment still suffering from the effects of his wound.\" Blanding was later feted at a regimental celebration as \"the star of the R.I. Boys.\" Blanding was injured again when \"the boat he was on was blown up on a reconnoitering trip up the Coosaw River.\" The regimental history described Blanding's actions after a Confederate shell hit the magazine of their transport, the George Washington, which wrecked on April 9, 1863.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Lieutenant Blanding, Mr. Martin, and our two brave men, D. A. Sisson and A. F. Randall, heroically stood by the wounded men and the crippled boat, resolved to do or die in performing their whole duty, but soon perceiving that the shattered vessel was on fire, called to the row-boat on shore to rescue the wounded. Amid the screeching missiles a black man by order of Lieutenant Smith, brought the row-boat to their relief. Into this were carefully put the wounded that were living. Then our men looked to their safety. Lieutenant Blanding, still suffering in his unhealed, shrivelled, helpless left arm, shot in action in the preceding October, at Pocotaligo, by desperate effort of paddling and pushing, urged the boatload of wounded men beyond the reach of the flames, towards the shore; but, finally, in crossing a small inner channel, he could not lift himself again into the boat, and was obliged to drop his hold and strike out with his one arm to save his life; and, though he went down twice, he at last reached land.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The ship sank, the rowboat floated downstream and was captured, the survivors that made it to shore were aided by \"the colored soldiers (First South Carolina Volunteers) picketing the island.\" Blanding, praised for his \"intrepidity and fidelity,\" was sent north to recuperate where \"he was detailed as an inspector in the provost-marshal general's department.\" Per the regimental history, \"...on account of the loss of the use of his arm from the battle of Pocotaligo, resigned his place amongst us to accept a commission as First Lieutenant in the Veteran Reserve Corps...He was almost idolized by Company G, and beloved by the whole regiment. A more gallant officer never drew sword. The loss of his arm was his full justification for retiring from the front to a more quiet position among those whose losses of limbs were their enduring proofs of noble conduct.\"",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Blanding joined the Freedmen's Bureau after the end of the war, and was appointed sub-commissioner of the Grenada, Mississippi office on March 23, 1866. His first assignment was a county of about 16,000 people in a cotton district where two railroads from Tennessee met at a wye. Blanding was part of the Veterans Reserve Corps, and according to a history of that service, \"Any VRC officer serving with the bureau risked [violence] if he tried to do his job. The white South was far from pacified during the late 1860s, and veteran officers were well aware of the situation in which they found themselves. More than a salary of US$1,000 (equivalent to $19,986 in 2022) to US$1,200 (equivalent to $23,984 in 2022) per annum kept these men on duty in the face of the dangers and hardships they encountered.\"",
"title": "Murder"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Recollections of 19th-century Grenada, Mississippi, which were recorded in the 1920s, briefly mention the Freedmen's Bureau and described a large U.S. Army garrison in the town:",
"title": "Murder"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "After Green's death and the negro soldiers were removed from Grenada, 2,000 Yankee soldiers were stationed here. They lived in barracks back of and on the lot now owned by Mr. Honeycutt. There was always a fuss down there and nearly every night a Yankee or a negro would be killed. With the army came the officers and agents of the Freedmen's Bureau that had been established by Congress. Its officers and agents were principally clerks from the quartermaster and commissary department or sutlers who had been in the army and had been thrown out of employment when the troops mustered out of service. They were, in general, a very low class of people, prejudiced against the white people of Mississippi. The town was flooded with carpetbaggers who wanted offices and tried to swindle the negro and white out of everything they possibly could. Their presence in the state created differences between the races where up to that time, the best feelings had prevailed.",
"title": "Murder"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "This account of \"2,000 Yankees\" stationed in Grenada, killing each other and various freedmen on the regular, conflicts (numerically at least), with a communication of Major Thomas J. Wood in Vicksburg, who reported having \"one small battalion of regulars, numbering considerably less than 300 men for duty\" across the Mississippi district.",
"title": "Murder"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Blanding was shot by white Mississippians shortly after 7:30 p.m. on the evening of Monday, April 30, 1866. The circumstances were that \"he was invited to a walk after supper and had gone but a short distance when a pistol was placed near his head and without a moment's warning three shots were fired at him, each taking effect...No cause was given for this cowardly and brutal act.\" The shooting took place near the Woodroof & Co. building in front of a \"10-pin alley\" along the edge of the town square. One account said three men were involved. Two bullets struck him in the head and one entered into his back. He survived long enough to make a dying declaration about his own murder. Blanding died at 10:30 the next morning. The regional sub-commissioner reporting Blanding's murder also said that he and anyone deemed \"Yankee\" was in grave danger in Grenada, and that the teachers at the school for newly emancipated black children were also \"not safe.\" This was known to him because \"as Blanding lay dying, 'a committee of citizens' paid a call on his captain to warn him 'that the teachers must leave, and that if he himself did not leave he would be killed next.'\"",
"title": "Murder"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Two days later the Memphis Daily Post reported:",
"title": "Murder"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "Murder and Brutal Assault at Grenada. — An officer of the regular service coming North from New Orleans learned in passing Grenada that Lieut. J. B. Blanding of the Veteran Reserve Corps on duty at Grenada in connection with the Freedmen's Bureau was shot three times on Monday night while passing a ten-pin alley in that place. He was not expected to survive. He was a quiet gentlemanly officer and was apparently the best of terms with the citizens...The officer who informed us of this also learned that the Rev. Mr. Bardwell, the Superintendent of Freedmen's Schools at Grenada, was brutally assaulted by an Alderman of that city without any provocation whatever. This law-abiding Alderman is said to have had himself fined $10 and was then congratulated on his chivalric attack. The honor of the deed will be heightened when it is known that Mr. Bardwell is a feeble old man.",
"title": "Murder"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "On May 21, 1866, sub-commissioner Silas May wrote from Grenada: \"We have been repeatedly warned of our danger and the sound of firearms is heard nightly on the streets, reminding one of being on picket duty.\" On May 27, 1866, sub-commissioner James M. Shepley wrote, \"...beg permission to state that the only evidence 'positive' in the case of the assassination of Lt. Blanding is 'Freedmen' and that there is sufficient to condemn the party, but I am assured that unless they are protected by military authorities, their lives will be taken the moment this fact becomes known.\" General George Thomas, based in Nashville, wrote the War Department about the situation in Grenada, asking for clarification of \"how far I am authorized to proceed with the trial of such a case under the present status of the military with regard to the civil.\"",
"title": "Murder"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "The \"correspondent of the New York Herald who [was] traveling with Gens. Steedman and Fullerton\" reported in July 1866 that the murder of Blanding was generally attributed to a gang of drunken marauders led by Bill Forrest, one of defeated Confederate Lt. Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest's younger brothers. In addition to the killing of Blanding and the assault on Bardwell, \"One gentleman, Capt. Adams, who before the war was a wealthy banker, declared openly that the wretches who committed this crime were no more than thugs, and ought to be hanged at once. For this expression of opinion he was waylaid in the streets by Bill Forrest and clubbed within an inch of his life, his ribs and one arm broken. The terrorism exercised by Forrest's gang prevented even this outrage on a prominent and respectable citizen of the town from being adequately punished. A mild fine of something like $60 was all the penalty inflicted upon Forrest.\" In 1877, journalist Lafcadio Hearn wrote of William H. Forrest that \"where known he was feared...'much more than the Almighty.'\"",
"title": "Murder"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "The official records of the Freedmen's Bureau indicate that Forrest and \"Young Wilson\" (who had been convicted of the murders of \"one or two negroes\" in Louisiana) were major suspects. On March 28, 1873, Grenada County chancery court officer C. P. Lincoln sent a letter to the feds inquiring about possibly arresting Tom Wilson. According to Lincoln, Wilson had been sentenced to life in Angola Prison after murdering \"one or two negroes\" but was out again and back in Grenada or environs. Per an affidavit of the sheriff of DeSoto Parish, Thomas H. Wilson had shot and killed William and Mrs. Dorsey on May 25, 1870, near Mansfield, Louisiana. Wilson escaped from jail in New Orleans on February 3, 1871. There was a Thos. Wilson, born in Mississippi, received at Louisiana State Penitentiary from DeSoto Parish on November 3, 1871 to serve out a life sentence for a murder conviction. Wilson was described in the prison register as 23 years old, 5 ft 10+1⁄2 in (1.79 m), with fair hair and blue eyes. Wilson was pardoned and released on March 26, 1873, after having served about 16 months in prison. U.S. Attorney General George Henry Williams ultimately wrote U.S. Secretary of War William W. Belknap that it was not within the jurisdiction of G. Wiley Wells, the U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of Mississippi, to prosecute Wilson for the murder of Blanding, but rather a matter for the local courts that had \"decline[d] to take action on the premises.\"",
"title": "Murder"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "Decades after the fact, a history of the Reconstruction Era in Yalobusha and Grenada Counties reported, \"In 1866 Lieutenant Blooding [sic], who was the head of the department at that time, was assassinated by Tom Wilson, a Southern man of desperate character. The reason for this act could not be ascertained by the writer.\" A biography of Blanding published in 1908 stated that \"so great was the power exerted by a band of outlaws then holding a reign of terror that, though the instigators of the murder were believed to be well-known, no witness could be procured to appear against them before the grand jury.\" Blanding's killers were never brought to justice but according to Oliver Otis Howard, the commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, his death was nonetheless a signal event of the immediate post-war period: \"The deliberate murder April 30th of that year of a worthy officer, Lieutenant J. B. Blanding, 21st Regiment Veteran Reserve Corps, while walking on the street at Grenada, Miss., and attempts upon the lives of other men who had been faithful and fearless in the discharge of their delicate and dangerous duties, gave rise to increased anxiety everywhere and seemed to necessitate an increase of military force.\"",
"title": "Murder"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "Lt. Blanding was buried at the historic North Burial Ground in his home state of Rhode Island. He was apparently breveted captain after his death. His marble grave marker reads, \"21 Reg't Vet Res Corp. After serving with distinction in the US Army from commencement to the close of the Civil War, was basely assassinated while in the discharge of his military duties at Grenada, Miss.\" Blanding was 24 years, nine months old at the time of his murder. He was survived by his wife, Sarah, and a daughter, Pamelia, born December 1864.",
"title": "Murder"
}
] | Jabez Bullock Blanding, called Lt. J. B. Blanding in most reports about his death, was a disabled combat veteran of the American Civil War and an agent of the Freedmen's Bureau in the United States who was assassinated by white Mississippians in Grenada, Yalobusha County in April 1866. Blanding was shot three times while on an evening walk. There is a 50-page file on the murder of Blanding in the records of the Freedmen's Bureau; the gunman was likely "Young" Tom Wilson, aided and abetted by local gang leader Bill Forrest. No one was ever charged with Blanding's murder, in part due to witness intimidation. | 2023-12-15T02:21:55Z | 2023-12-31T19:28:23Z | [
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75,567,909 | Yongama Zigebe | Yongama Zigebe is a South African politician who serves as the Secretary-General of the United Democratic Movement (UDM) party after having been elected at the party's conference in 2023.
The UDM is one of several political parties represented in the Parliament of South Africa, as well as in multiple Municipalities in South Africa including some of the major metropolitan municipalities. | [
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"text": "Yongama Zigebe is a South African politician who serves as the Secretary-General of the United Democratic Movement (UDM) party after having been elected at the party's conference in 2023.",
"title": ""
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"text": "The UDM is one of several political parties represented in the Parliament of South Africa, as well as in multiple Municipalities in South Africa including some of the major metropolitan municipalities.",
"title": ""
}
] | Yongama Zigebe is a South African politician who serves as the Secretary-General of the United Democratic Movement (UDM) party after having been elected at the party's conference in 2023. The UDM is one of several political parties represented in the Parliament of South Africa, as well as in multiple Municipalities in South Africa including some of the major metropolitan municipalities. | 2023-12-15T02:22:03Z | 2023-12-20T13:58:24Z | [
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75,567,911 | Novak Djokovic junior years | Serbian tennis player Novak Djokovic's main accomplishments as a junior player came in the U14 circuit of the ETA Junior Tour, where, at the U14 European championship in 2001, he won both the singles tournament over Lukáš Lacko and the doubles with compatriot Bojan Božović. Djokovic also led the Serbian team to victory in the European Summer Cup, thus ending the year as a European champion in singles, doubles and in team competition, while also winning the silver medal at the ITF World Junior Championship in a team competition for Yugoslavia. Djokovic ended 2001 at the top of the ETA rankings for U14s, one place ahead of future rival Andy Murray at No. 2. He was also briefly the No. 1-ranked U16 player in 2003.
On the ITF Junior Circuit, Djokovic compiled a singles win-loss record of 56–12 (and 23–6 in doubles), reaching a combined junior world ranking of No. 24 in February 2004. At the junior Grand Slam events, his best showing was at the Australian Open where he reached the semi-finals in 2004. He also played at the French Open and US Open junior events in 2003. Djokovic also won two ITF junior singles tournaments in his career, both in 2002.
In September 2000, the 13-year-old Djokovic felt he was ready to take further steps a little faster than his contemporaries, so he decided to try a tournament in the ITF Junior Circuit, a worldwide U18 competition. The tournament was played at just twenty kilometers away from his home in Belgrade, in the small town of Pančevo, and he entered as a lucky loser before being eliminated in the first round by seventh seed Gligorce Sanev. Following this experience, his then coach Nikola Pilić convinced Djokovic that he should not try to "participate in some tournaments too early" under the risk of "getting lost". And in fact, Djokovic did not play in any other ITF tournament until 2002, as he instead opted to play in ETA youth tournaments, played throughout Europe.
In 2001, Djokovic dominated the U14 circuit in the ETA Junior Tour, currently known as the Tennis Europe Junior Tour. At first, however, he had a poor start to the season, being eliminated from the prestigious Les Petits As tournament in the quarterfinals by the eventual runner-up and future rival Andy Murray (6–0, 6–1), and then losing all of his singles matches in the European Winter Cup, including his rubber against the eventual champions Great Britain, in which he again lost in straight sets to Murray. Djokovic returned to form in April, in Italy, where he won his first ETA title in a second category tournament in Messina, defeating his compatriot Bojan Božović in the final, and also reached the final of a first category tournament in Arezzo, which he lost to Mischa Zverev. Djokovic then won his second ETA title of the season in Livorno after beating the No. 1 seed Murray in the semi-finals, and the No. 2 seed Aljoscha Thron in the final, 5–7, 7–5, 6–4.
In July, Djokovic was the No. 1 seed at the U14 European championship, held in Sanremo, where he became only the fourth player in the competition's history to win both the singles and doubles events, beating Lukáš Lacko in the singles final, and pairing with Božović in doubles to defeat the Russian pair of Alexandre Krasnoroutskiy and Mikhail Bekker in the final. As a member of the Yugoslav national team, Djokovic reached the final of the ITF World Junior Championship for players under 14, in which he lost his match in singles to Germany's Aljoscha Thron. Djokovic also led the Serbian team to victory in the European Summer Cup, thus ending the year as a European champion in singles, doubles and in team competition, while also winning the silver medal at the World Junior Championship in a team competition for Yugoslavia. Djokovic ended 2001 at the top of the ETA rankings for U14s, one place ahead of Murray at No. 2.
In 2002, Djokovic continued his dominance, now in the U16 circuit. In April, Djokovic played two U16 tournaments in Belgium, both on clay, the first in Anderlecht, dropping only one set en route to the final, which he lost to Marcel Granollers, 6–2, 6–1. The second tournament was held in Rixensart, where Djokovic lost in the quarterfinals to Pablo Andújar in a deciding set tiebreak. After the tournaments ended, the tournament director Vincent Stavaux stated: "We saw some very beautiful tennis, often more pleasant to follow than professional matches. I particularly appreciated the young Yugoslav Novak Djokovic. A name to remember, believe me!".
In June, Djokovic won two prestigious tournaments in France, the Derby Cadets in La Boule, where he beat future world No. 6 Gaël Monfils in the final, and Le Pontet in Avignon. In July 2002, Djokovic played the U16 European Championships in Genoa, losing in the quarterfinals to Denis Matsukevich. This proved to be his last U16 match in a singles competition, as Djokovic then joined the ITF Junior Circuit, a worldwide U18 competition.
Following a two-year hiatus, Djokovic returned to the ITF junior circuit in September 2002, at the age of 15, and played his first match there in Pančevo, the exact same tournament that he had contested two years earlier, in 2000. In what was only his second appearance on ITF, Djokovic went on to claim the trophy after winning all of his matches in straight sets, some of which against rivals three years older than him, including the No. 1 seed David Savić in the final, 6–2, 6–2. In the doubles event, Djokovic paired with Luka Ocvirk to defeat the Yugoslavian pair of Savić and Viktor Troicki in the semi-finals, but then they lost the final. Djokovic and Savić faced each other again a week later in the quarterfinals of the Yugoslavia Junior Open in Novi Sad, this time losing in three sets.
In November, Djokovic went on a tour in the United States, where he participated in the U18s category at the prestigious Eddie Herr International Junior Championships in Florida, and in the Prince Cup and Orange Bowl in Miami. At first, he struggled to adapt to USA's different balls and weather, which resulted in a first-round loss to Luis-Manuel Flores in Florida. While competing there, the Djokovic family contemplated leaving Novak in Nick Bollettieri's Academy because the conditions to train were phenomenal, but when his father asked him if he wanted to stay there, Djokovic replied: "No, let’s go back to Niki". Djokovic defeated home favourite Stephen Bass to win his first ever tournament overseas, the Prince Cup, despite having to play the final just a few hours after winning a qualifier round for the Orange Bowl, which is one of ITF's five Grade A tournaments, the junior equivalent of ATP Masters 1000. Djokovic defeated two Americans in the main draw before losing in the third round to Marcos Baghdatis in three close sets.
Djokovic began the 2003 season by reaching the final of the Bavarian Junior Challenge in Nuremberg, where he faced Josh Goodall. After winning the first set 6–2, he retired during the second due to pain in his lower stomach; an injury that he had sustained at the gym in the academy of Niki Pilić in Munich. Following a six-week break to recover from his injury, Djokovic returned in May to play the Trofeo Bonfiglio in Milan on clay, his second Grade A tournament, where he lost in the quarterfinals to Flores, who thus became the first player to beat Djokovic twice in the ITF. In the doubles event, however, Djokovic paired with Troicki to win his first and only ITF doubles title, defeating the German pair of Sebastian Rieschick and Jerome Becker in the final.
In June 2003, Djokovic made his junior grand slam debut at the French Open after defeating future Orange Bowl champion Timothy Neilly in the final round of the qualifying draw. In the main draw, he won two matches before losing in the third round to Daniel Gimeno Traver in three sets. Having turned 16 in May, Djokovic could now commit more time to the senior circuit, and he proved himself straight away by winning a Futures in June, in Belgrade, his first senior ITF title and fourth overall. This earned him an interview in July, filmed in Belgrade, in which he stated that he was currently the No. 30 in the ITF rankings for U18 players, and also the No. 710 in the ATP rankings with 16 ATP Points. In August, Djokovic, together with his teammates and under the leadership of team captain Jovan Lilić, competed in the U16 European summer championship, held in Le Touquet, where he was the backbone of the Serbian squad, going 6–0 in singles and doubles rubbers to lead the nation to glory and to win his first ITF title in team competition; and in doing so, he became Europe's best U16 player.
During the summer, Djokovic reached the semi-finals of two Futures tournaments, an F4 and an F6 event. This gave him the confidence to attack the US Open junior event in September, where he was a direct entrant into the main draw, but lost in the first round to Robert Smeets. Djokovic played his last tournament for the year at the U16 Junior Davis Cup, in the clay courts of Essen, where he entered as the world's best U16 player, helping his country to a 2–1 victory over India in the first round by winning his singles and doubles matches. He then claimed wins over two future top 30 players, Santiago Giraldo and Jeremy Chardy.
Djokovic began the 2004 season at the Australian Hardcourt Championships in Victoria, where he lost in the third round to Monfils. Djokovic then had his best junior Grand Slam performance at the Australian Open, defeating the sixth seed Bruno Rosa in the third round and the second seed Mischa Zverev in the quarterfinals before losing to Josselin Ouanna in the semi-finals. This proved to be his penultimate tournament on the ITF junior circuit, with his last coming a few months later in August, the U18 European Summer Cup, where he recorded three wins, including Lukáš Lacko.
Despite having another year as a junior left to go (2005), Djokovic instead decided to play full-time on the ATP tour, thus ending his ITF junior career at the end of 2004. Djokovic compiled a singles win-loss record of 56–12 for a win percentage of 82% (and 23–6 in doubles for 79%), including 24–5 on clay, 22–5 on hard courts, and 10–2 on the other surfaces (grass and carpet). He reached a combined junior world ranking of No. 24 in February 2004. In total, Djokovic won four ITF junior tournaments, two in singles, one in doubles, and one in team competition in Le Touquet. | [
{
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"text": "Serbian tennis player Novak Djokovic's main accomplishments as a junior player came in the U14 circuit of the ETA Junior Tour, where, at the U14 European championship in 2001, he won both the singles tournament over Lukáš Lacko and the doubles with compatriot Bojan Božović. Djokovic also led the Serbian team to victory in the European Summer Cup, thus ending the year as a European champion in singles, doubles and in team competition, while also winning the silver medal at the ITF World Junior Championship in a team competition for Yugoslavia. Djokovic ended 2001 at the top of the ETA rankings for U14s, one place ahead of future rival Andy Murray at No. 2. He was also briefly the No. 1-ranked U16 player in 2003.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "In September 2000, the 13-year-old Djokovic felt he was ready to take further steps a little faster than his contemporaries, so he decided to try a tournament in the ITF Junior Circuit, a worldwide U18 competition. The tournament was played at just twenty kilometers away from his home in Belgrade, in the small town of Pančevo, and he entered as a lucky loser before being eliminated in the first round by seventh seed Gligorce Sanev. Following this experience, his then coach Nikola Pilić convinced Djokovic that he should not try to \"participate in some tournaments too early\" under the risk of \"getting lost\". And in fact, Djokovic did not play in any other ITF tournament until 2002, as he instead opted to play in ETA youth tournaments, played throughout Europe.",
"title": "First steps"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 2001, Djokovic dominated the U14 circuit in the ETA Junior Tour, currently known as the Tennis Europe Junior Tour. At first, however, he had a poor start to the season, being eliminated from the prestigious Les Petits As tournament in the quarterfinals by the eventual runner-up and future rival Andy Murray (6–0, 6–1), and then losing all of his singles matches in the European Winter Cup, including his rubber against the eventual champions Great Britain, in which he again lost in straight sets to Murray. Djokovic returned to form in April, in Italy, where he won his first ETA title in a second category tournament in Messina, defeating his compatriot Bojan Božović in the final, and also reached the final of a first category tournament in Arezzo, which he lost to Mischa Zverev. Djokovic then won his second ETA title of the season in Livorno after beating the No. 1 seed Murray in the semi-finals, and the No. 2 seed Aljoscha Thron in the final, 5–7, 7–5, 6–4.",
"title": "ETA Junior Tour"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In July, Djokovic was the No. 1 seed at the U14 European championship, held in Sanremo, where he became only the fourth player in the competition's history to win both the singles and doubles events, beating Lukáš Lacko in the singles final, and pairing with Božović in doubles to defeat the Russian pair of Alexandre Krasnoroutskiy and Mikhail Bekker in the final. As a member of the Yugoslav national team, Djokovic reached the final of the ITF World Junior Championship for players under 14, in which he lost his match in singles to Germany's Aljoscha Thron. Djokovic also led the Serbian team to victory in the European Summer Cup, thus ending the year as a European champion in singles, doubles and in team competition, while also winning the silver medal at the World Junior Championship in a team competition for Yugoslavia. Djokovic ended 2001 at the top of the ETA rankings for U14s, one place ahead of Murray at No. 2.",
"title": "ETA Junior Tour"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In 2002, Djokovic continued his dominance, now in the U16 circuit. In April, Djokovic played two U16 tournaments in Belgium, both on clay, the first in Anderlecht, dropping only one set en route to the final, which he lost to Marcel Granollers, 6–2, 6–1. The second tournament was held in Rixensart, where Djokovic lost in the quarterfinals to Pablo Andújar in a deciding set tiebreak. After the tournaments ended, the tournament director Vincent Stavaux stated: \"We saw some very beautiful tennis, often more pleasant to follow than professional matches. I particularly appreciated the young Yugoslav Novak Djokovic. A name to remember, believe me!\".",
"title": "ETA Junior Tour"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In June, Djokovic won two prestigious tournaments in France, the Derby Cadets in La Boule, where he beat future world No. 6 Gaël Monfils in the final, and Le Pontet in Avignon. In July 2002, Djokovic played the U16 European Championships in Genoa, losing in the quarterfinals to Denis Matsukevich. This proved to be his last U16 match in a singles competition, as Djokovic then joined the ITF Junior Circuit, a worldwide U18 competition.",
"title": "ETA Junior Tour"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Following a two-year hiatus, Djokovic returned to the ITF junior circuit in September 2002, at the age of 15, and played his first match there in Pančevo, the exact same tournament that he had contested two years earlier, in 2000. In what was only his second appearance on ITF, Djokovic went on to claim the trophy after winning all of his matches in straight sets, some of which against rivals three years older than him, including the No. 1 seed David Savić in the final, 6–2, 6–2. In the doubles event, Djokovic paired with Luka Ocvirk to defeat the Yugoslavian pair of Savić and Viktor Troicki in the semi-finals, but then they lost the final. Djokovic and Savić faced each other again a week later in the quarterfinals of the Yugoslavia Junior Open in Novi Sad, this time losing in three sets.",
"title": "ITF Junior Circuit"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "In November, Djokovic went on a tour in the United States, where he participated in the U18s category at the prestigious Eddie Herr International Junior Championships in Florida, and in the Prince Cup and Orange Bowl in Miami. At first, he struggled to adapt to USA's different balls and weather, which resulted in a first-round loss to Luis-Manuel Flores in Florida. While competing there, the Djokovic family contemplated leaving Novak in Nick Bollettieri's Academy because the conditions to train were phenomenal, but when his father asked him if he wanted to stay there, Djokovic replied: \"No, let’s go back to Niki\". Djokovic defeated home favourite Stephen Bass to win his first ever tournament overseas, the Prince Cup, despite having to play the final just a few hours after winning a qualifier round for the Orange Bowl, which is one of ITF's five Grade A tournaments, the junior equivalent of ATP Masters 1000. Djokovic defeated two Americans in the main draw before losing in the third round to Marcos Baghdatis in three close sets.",
"title": "ITF Junior Circuit"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Djokovic began the 2003 season by reaching the final of the Bavarian Junior Challenge in Nuremberg, where he faced Josh Goodall. After winning the first set 6–2, he retired during the second due to pain in his lower stomach; an injury that he had sustained at the gym in the academy of Niki Pilić in Munich. Following a six-week break to recover from his injury, Djokovic returned in May to play the Trofeo Bonfiglio in Milan on clay, his second Grade A tournament, where he lost in the quarterfinals to Flores, who thus became the first player to beat Djokovic twice in the ITF. In the doubles event, however, Djokovic paired with Troicki to win his first and only ITF doubles title, defeating the German pair of Sebastian Rieschick and Jerome Becker in the final.",
"title": "ITF Junior Circuit"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "In June 2003, Djokovic made his junior grand slam debut at the French Open after defeating future Orange Bowl champion Timothy Neilly in the final round of the qualifying draw. In the main draw, he won two matches before losing in the third round to Daniel Gimeno Traver in three sets. Having turned 16 in May, Djokovic could now commit more time to the senior circuit, and he proved himself straight away by winning a Futures in June, in Belgrade, his first senior ITF title and fourth overall. This earned him an interview in July, filmed in Belgrade, in which he stated that he was currently the No. 30 in the ITF rankings for U18 players, and also the No. 710 in the ATP rankings with 16 ATP Points. In August, Djokovic, together with his teammates and under the leadership of team captain Jovan Lilić, competed in the U16 European summer championship, held in Le Touquet, where he was the backbone of the Serbian squad, going 6–0 in singles and doubles rubbers to lead the nation to glory and to win his first ITF title in team competition; and in doing so, he became Europe's best U16 player.",
"title": "ITF Junior Circuit"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "During the summer, Djokovic reached the semi-finals of two Futures tournaments, an F4 and an F6 event. This gave him the confidence to attack the US Open junior event in September, where he was a direct entrant into the main draw, but lost in the first round to Robert Smeets. Djokovic played his last tournament for the year at the U16 Junior Davis Cup, in the clay courts of Essen, where he entered as the world's best U16 player, helping his country to a 2–1 victory over India in the first round by winning his singles and doubles matches. He then claimed wins over two future top 30 players, Santiago Giraldo and Jeremy Chardy.",
"title": "ITF Junior Circuit"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "Djokovic began the 2004 season at the Australian Hardcourt Championships in Victoria, where he lost in the third round to Monfils. Djokovic then had his best junior Grand Slam performance at the Australian Open, defeating the sixth seed Bruno Rosa in the third round and the second seed Mischa Zverev in the quarterfinals before losing to Josselin Ouanna in the semi-finals. This proved to be his penultimate tournament on the ITF junior circuit, with his last coming a few months later in August, the U18 European Summer Cup, where he recorded three wins, including Lukáš Lacko.",
"title": "ITF Junior Circuit"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "Despite having another year as a junior left to go (2005), Djokovic instead decided to play full-time on the ATP tour, thus ending his ITF junior career at the end of 2004. Djokovic compiled a singles win-loss record of 56–12 for a win percentage of 82% (and 23–6 in doubles for 79%), including 24–5 on clay, 22–5 on hard courts, and 10–2 on the other surfaces (grass and carpet). He reached a combined junior world ranking of No. 24 in February 2004. In total, Djokovic won four ITF junior tournaments, two in singles, one in doubles, and one in team competition in Le Touquet.",
"title": "ITF Junior Circuit"
}
] | Serbian tennis player Novak Djokovic's main accomplishments as a junior player came in the U14 circuit of the ETA Junior Tour, where, at the U14 European championship in 2001, he won both the singles tournament over Lukáš Lacko and the doubles with compatriot Bojan Božović. Djokovic also led the Serbian team to victory in the European Summer Cup, thus ending the year as a European champion in singles, doubles and in team competition, while also winning the silver medal at the ITF World Junior Championship in a team competition for Yugoslavia. Djokovic ended 2001 at the top of the ETA rankings for U14s, one place ahead of future rival Andy Murray at No. 2. He was also briefly the No. 1-ranked U16 player in 2003. On the ITF Junior Circuit, Djokovic compiled a singles win-loss record of 56–12, reaching a combined junior world ranking of No. 24 in February 2004. At the junior Grand Slam events, his best showing was at the Australian Open where he reached the semi-finals in 2004. He also played at the French Open and US Open junior events in 2003. Djokovic also won two ITF junior singles tournaments in his career, both in 2002. | 2023-12-15T02:22:38Z | 2023-12-24T14:34:46Z | [
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75,567,916 | Chad Stark | Chad William Stark (born April 4, 1965) is a former American football running back who played two games with the Seattle Seahawks in 1987. He played college football at North Dakota State University.
Born in Decorah, Iowa, Stark grew up in 11 cities before attending Brookings High School, where he became one of the top prep players in South Dakota history while being an All-American and being recruited by over 100 schools. He played college football for the North Dakota State Bison and helped them win the national championship in 1983, 1985 and 1986. He ran for 2,837 yards and 30 touchdowns in his four-year North Dakota State career, being second all-time in school history in rushing yards at the time of his graduation while being a first-team all-conference and second-team All-American as a senior. He also set the NCAA's postseason rushing record at the time.
Selected by the New York Giants in the 12th round of the 1987 NFL Draft, Stark was released during preseason and later signed with the practice roster of the Saskatchewan Roughriders. When the NFL Players Association went on strike, he was signed as a replacement player by the Seattle Seahawks and appeared in two games. He later had a stint with the Miami Dolphins.
Category:1965 births Category:Living people Category:American football running backs Category:North Dakota State Bison football players Category:Seattle Seahawks players | [
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"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Chad William Stark (born April 4, 1965) is a former American football running back who played two games with the Seattle Seahawks in 1987. He played college football at North Dakota State University.",
"title": ""
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{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Born in Decorah, Iowa, Stark grew up in 11 cities before attending Brookings High School, where he became one of the top prep players in South Dakota history while being an All-American and being recruited by over 100 schools. He played college football for the North Dakota State Bison and helped them win the national championship in 1983, 1985 and 1986. He ran for 2,837 yards and 30 touchdowns in his four-year North Dakota State career, being second all-time in school history in rushing yards at the time of his graduation while being a first-team all-conference and second-team All-American as a senior. He also set the NCAA's postseason rushing record at the time.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Selected by the New York Giants in the 12th round of the 1987 NFL Draft, Stark was released during preseason and later signed with the practice roster of the Saskatchewan Roughriders. When the NFL Players Association went on strike, he was signed as a replacement player by the Seattle Seahawks and appeared in two games. He later had a stint with the Miami Dolphins.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Category:1965 births Category:Living people Category:American football running backs Category:North Dakota State Bison football players Category:Seattle Seahawks players",
"title": "References"
}
] | Chad William Stark is a former American football running back who played two games with the Seattle Seahawks in 1987. He played college football at North Dakota State University. Born in Decorah, Iowa, Stark grew up in 11 cities before attending Brookings High School, where he became one of the top prep players in South Dakota history while being an All-American and being recruited by over 100 schools. He played college football for the North Dakota State Bison and helped them win the national championship in 1983, 1985 and 1986. He ran for 2,837 yards and 30 touchdowns in his four-year North Dakota State career, being second all-time in school history in rushing yards at the time of his graduation while being a first-team all-conference and second-team All-American as a senior. He also set the NCAA's postseason rushing record at the time. Selected by the New York Giants in the 12th round of the 1987 NFL Draft, Stark was released during preseason and later signed with the practice roster of the Saskatchewan Roughriders. When the NFL Players Association went on strike, he was signed as a replacement player by the Seattle Seahawks and appeared in two games. He later had a stint with the Miami Dolphins. | 2023-12-15T02:25:05Z | 2023-12-15T21:45:16Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chad_Stark |
75,567,922 | Jerry Meyers (American football) | Jerry Edward Meyers (February 21, 1954 – November 16, 2007) was an American football defensive tackle who played for the Chicago Bears and the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Northern Illinois University.
Meyers grew up in Chicago, Illinois, and attended Lake View High School where he was selected all-division in 1970. He played college football for the Northern Illinois Huskies and was a three-year letterman, being a team captain as a senior and ending his college career with 269 tackles. He was later inducted into the Northern Illinois Hall of Fame and was chosen to the school's All-Century team in 2000.
Meyers, drafted by his hometown Chicago Bears in the 15th round of the 1976 NFL Draft, survived being released numerous times to play four seasons and 47 games with the team. He recorded one fumble recovery and unofficially made 5.5 sacks with the Bears, later playing two games with the Kansas City Chiefs in 1980 before retiring. He had a brief stint with the Chicago Blitz of the United States Football League (USFL) in 1983 but did not appear in any games.
Meyers died on November 16, 2007, at the age of 53.
Category:1954 births Category:2007 deaths Category:American football defensive tackles Category:Northern Illinois Huskies football players Category:Chicago Bears players Category:Kansas City Chiefs players | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Jerry Edward Meyers (February 21, 1954 – November 16, 2007) was an American football defensive tackle who played for the Chicago Bears and the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Northern Illinois University.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Meyers grew up in Chicago, Illinois, and attended Lake View High School where he was selected all-division in 1970. He played college football for the Northern Illinois Huskies and was a three-year letterman, being a team captain as a senior and ending his college career with 269 tackles. He was later inducted into the Northern Illinois Hall of Fame and was chosen to the school's All-Century team in 2000.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Meyers, drafted by his hometown Chicago Bears in the 15th round of the 1976 NFL Draft, survived being released numerous times to play four seasons and 47 games with the team. He recorded one fumble recovery and unofficially made 5.5 sacks with the Bears, later playing two games with the Kansas City Chiefs in 1980 before retiring. He had a brief stint with the Chicago Blitz of the United States Football League (USFL) in 1983 but did not appear in any games.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Meyers died on November 16, 2007, at the age of 53.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Category:1954 births Category:2007 deaths Category:American football defensive tackles Category:Northern Illinois Huskies football players Category:Chicago Bears players Category:Kansas City Chiefs players",
"title": "References"
}
] | Jerry Edward Meyers was an American football defensive tackle who played for the Chicago Bears and the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Northern Illinois University. Meyers grew up in Chicago, Illinois, and attended Lake View High School where he was selected all-division in 1970. He played college football for the Northern Illinois Huskies and was a three-year letterman, being a team captain as a senior and ending his college career with 269 tackles. He was later inducted into the Northern Illinois Hall of Fame and was chosen to the school's All-Century team in 2000. Meyers, drafted by his hometown Chicago Bears in the 15th round of the 1976 NFL Draft, survived being released numerous times to play four seasons and 47 games with the team. He recorded one fumble recovery and unofficially made 5.5 sacks with the Bears, later playing two games with the Kansas City Chiefs in 1980 before retiring. He had a brief stint with the Chicago Blitz of the United States Football League (USFL) in 1983 but did not appear in any games. Meyers died on November 16, 2007, at the age of 53. | 2023-12-15T02:26:14Z | 2023-12-15T21:28:16Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Meyers_(American_football) |
75,567,949 | İkinci Bahar (play) | İkinci Bahar (English: Second Spring) is a theater play adapted into Turkish from the work of Alfonso Paso. The play, which premiered in 2018, featured Cihat Tamer and Bedia Ener in the cast. In the following years some of the cast were replaced by newly joined actors such as Suzan Aksoy, Kerem Poyraz Kayaalp, and Selin Köseoğlu. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "İkinci Bahar (English: Second Spring) is a theater play adapted into Turkish from the work of Alfonso Paso. The play, which premiered in 2018, featured Cihat Tamer and Bedia Ener in the cast. In the following years some of the cast were replaced by newly joined actors such as Suzan Aksoy, Kerem Poyraz Kayaalp, and Selin Köseoğlu.",
"title": ""
}
] | İkinci Bahar is a theater play adapted into Turkish from the work of Alfonso Paso. The play, which premiered in 2018, featured Cihat Tamer and Bedia Ener in the cast. In the following years some of the cast were replaced by newly joined actors such as Suzan Aksoy, Kerem Poyraz Kayaalp, and Selin Köseoğlu. | 2023-12-15T02:32:49Z | 2023-12-21T18:39:52Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0kinci_Bahar_(play) |
75,568,000 | Dilvanda Faro | Dilvanda Furtado Faro (born 8 May 1969) is a Brazilian farmer, trade unionist and politician, having been a long-time affiliate of the Workers' Party (PT). She is currently a federal deputy for the state of Pará, having assumed office in 2023. She was previously a state deputy from 2019 to 2022. Her husband is federal senator Beto Faro.
Faro was born in Bujaru, is the daughter of Raimundo Rodrigues Furtado and Elza Nascimento Furtado. She became involved in 1980s with left-wing Catholic youth movements while being a youth pastor. During this time period she became affiliated with the PT. She first ran for elected office to be the mayor of the town of Acará in both 2012 and 2016, but lost both times. She ran in 2018 as a state deputy in Pará and was elected with 43,796 votes. She later ran as a candidate for federal deputy, and was elected with 150,065 votes. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Dilvanda Furtado Faro (born 8 May 1969) is a Brazilian farmer, trade unionist and politician, having been a long-time affiliate of the Workers' Party (PT). She is currently a federal deputy for the state of Pará, having assumed office in 2023. She was previously a state deputy from 2019 to 2022. Her husband is federal senator Beto Faro.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Faro was born in Bujaru, is the daughter of Raimundo Rodrigues Furtado and Elza Nascimento Furtado. She became involved in 1980s with left-wing Catholic youth movements while being a youth pastor. During this time period she became affiliated with the PT. She first ran for elected office to be the mayor of the town of Acará in both 2012 and 2016, but lost both times. She ran in 2018 as a state deputy in Pará and was elected with 43,796 votes. She later ran as a candidate for federal deputy, and was elected with 150,065 votes.",
"title": ""
}
] | Dilvanda Furtado Faro is a Brazilian farmer, trade unionist and politician, having been a long-time affiliate of the Workers' Party (PT). She is currently a federal deputy for the state of Pará, having assumed office in 2023. She was previously a state deputy from 2019 to 2022. Her husband is federal senator Beto Faro. Faro was born in Bujaru, is the daughter of Raimundo Rodrigues Furtado and Elza Nascimento Furtado. She became involved in 1980s with left-wing Catholic youth movements while being a youth pastor. During this time period she became affiliated with the PT. She first ran for elected office to be the mayor of the town of Acará in both 2012 and 2016, but lost both times. She ran in 2018 as a state deputy in Pará and was elected with 43,796 votes. She later ran as a candidate for federal deputy, and was elected with 150,065 votes. | 2023-12-15T02:46:19Z | 2023-12-15T05:46:41Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilvanda_Faro |
75,568,002 | Anjadiru | Anjadiru (transl. Don't fear) is a 2009 Indian Kannada-language action thriller film directed by R. Janardhan and starring Prashanth and Muralidhar. The film is a remake of Anjathe.
A critic from The Times of India wrote that "A meaningless first half and a brilliant second half with a good script and excellent narration mark the second venture of director Janardhan". A critic from Bangalore Mirror wrote that "Anjadiru stands out for its believable characterisation without much of the heroism we seen in most films. But what slows the film at times is Prashant and Muralidhar's incapability to shoulder the scenes effectively. Try Anjadiru if you are bored of the regular stuff but do not expect a miracle". R. G. Vijayasarathy of Rediff.com wrote that "Anjadhiru maybe a remake, but it a well-made one. For those who have not seen the original, it is a great engrossing entertainer". A critic from Filmibeat wrote that "It can be said that the story of the movie is the real hero and it must be watched once". | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Anjadiru (transl. Don't fear) is a 2009 Indian Kannada-language action thriller film directed by R. Janardhan and starring Prashanth and Muralidhar. The film is a remake of Anjathe.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "A critic from The Times of India wrote that \"A meaningless first half and a brilliant second half with a good script and excellent narration mark the second venture of director Janardhan\". A critic from Bangalore Mirror wrote that \"Anjadiru stands out for its believable characterisation without much of the heroism we seen in most films. But what slows the film at times is Prashant and Muralidhar's incapability to shoulder the scenes effectively. Try Anjadiru if you are bored of the regular stuff but do not expect a miracle\". R. G. Vijayasarathy of Rediff.com wrote that \"Anjadhiru maybe a remake, but it a well-made one. For those who have not seen the original, it is a great engrossing entertainer\". A critic from Filmibeat wrote that \"It can be said that the story of the movie is the real hero and it must be watched once\".",
"title": "Reception"
}
] | Anjadiru is a 2009 Indian Kannada-language action thriller film directed by R. Janardhan and starring Prashanth and Muralidhar. The film is a remake of Anjathe. | 2023-12-15T02:47:04Z | 2023-12-22T23:51:23Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anjadiru |
75,568,014 | 1958–59 Eastern Michigan Hurons men's basketball team | The 1958–59 Eastern Michigan Hurons men's basketball team represented Eastern Michigan University, in the 1958–59 NCAA College Division men's basketball season. The team finished with a record of 8–13 and 3–9 in the Interstate Intercollegiate Athletic Conference. The team was the Flint Christmas Tournament champions. The team was led by fifth year head coach James Skala. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 1958–59 Eastern Michigan Hurons men's basketball team represented Eastern Michigan University, in the 1958–59 NCAA College Division men's basketball season. The team finished with a record of 8–13 and 3–9 in the Interstate Intercollegiate Athletic Conference. The team was the Flint Christmas Tournament champions. The team was led by fifth year head coach James Skala.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "",
"title": "Schedule"
}
] | The 1958–59 Eastern Michigan Hurons men's basketball team represented Eastern Michigan University, in the 1958–59 NCAA College Division men's basketball season. The team finished with a record of 8–13 and 3–9 in the Interstate Intercollegiate Athletic Conference. The team was the Flint Christmas Tournament champions. The team was led by fifth year head coach James Skala. | 2023-12-15T02:52:27Z | 2023-12-22T12:44:53Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1958%E2%80%9359_Eastern_Michigan_Hurons_men%27s_basketball_team |
75,568,018 | David A. Flosi | David A. Flosi is a Chief Master Sergeant in the US Air Force, and is designate to become the twentieth Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force, taking over from CMSAF JoAnne S. Bass.
As at December 2023, Flosi is the command chief master sergeant of Air Force Materiel Command at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio.
Flosi joined the Air Force in May 1996 as a nuclear weapons specialist. His career includes deployments for Operation Southern Watch, Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation Inherent Resolve, and Operation Freedom's Sentinel.
2000 Airman Leadership School, Spangdahlem Air Base, Germany
2001 Associate of Applied Science, Munitions Systems Tech, Community College of the Air Force
2003 Bachelor of Science, Professional Aeronautics, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Worldwide Campus
2007 U.S. Air Force Europe Noncommissioned Officer Academy, Kapaun Air Station, Germany
2010 Master of Science, Logistics and Supply Chain Management, Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT), Ohio
2011 Senior Noncommissioned Officer Academy, Maxwell AFB, Alabama
2013 Professional Manager Certification, Community College of the Air Force
2016 Personnel Recovery Planning, Joint Personnel Recovery Education and Training Center
2016 Senior Enlisted Joint Professional Military Education I, by distance learning
2017 Senior Enlisted Joint Professional Military Education II, by distance learning
2018 Leading Strategically, Center for Creative Leadership, Colorado Springs, Colorado
2018 Keystone Command Senior Enlisted Leader Course, National Defense University, Washington, D.C.
2020 USAF Enterprise Leadership Seminar, Kenan-Flager Business School, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
2021 National and International Security Leadership Seminar, Alan L. Freed Associates, Washington D.C. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "David A. Flosi is a Chief Master Sergeant in the US Air Force, and is designate to become the twentieth Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force, taking over from CMSAF JoAnne S. Bass.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "As at December 2023, Flosi is the command chief master sergeant of Air Force Materiel Command at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Flosi joined the Air Force in May 1996 as a nuclear weapons specialist. His career includes deployments for Operation Southern Watch, Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation Inherent Resolve, and Operation Freedom's Sentinel.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "2000 Airman Leadership School, Spangdahlem Air Base, Germany",
"title": "Education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "2001 Associate of Applied Science, Munitions Systems Tech, Community College of the Air Force",
"title": "Education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "2003 Bachelor of Science, Professional Aeronautics, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Worldwide Campus",
"title": "Education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "2007 U.S. Air Force Europe Noncommissioned Officer Academy, Kapaun Air Station, Germany",
"title": "Education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "2010 Master of Science, Logistics and Supply Chain Management, Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT), Ohio",
"title": "Education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "2011 Senior Noncommissioned Officer Academy, Maxwell AFB, Alabama",
"title": "Education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "2013 Professional Manager Certification, Community College of the Air Force",
"title": "Education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "2016 Personnel Recovery Planning, Joint Personnel Recovery Education and Training Center",
"title": "Education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "2016 Senior Enlisted Joint Professional Military Education I, by distance learning",
"title": "Education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "2017 Senior Enlisted Joint Professional Military Education II, by distance learning",
"title": "Education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "2018 Leading Strategically, Center for Creative Leadership, Colorado Springs, Colorado",
"title": "Education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "2018 Keystone Command Senior Enlisted Leader Course, National Defense University, Washington, D.C.",
"title": "Education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "2020 USAF Enterprise Leadership Seminar, Kenan-Flager Business School, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill",
"title": "Education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "2021 National and International Security Leadership Seminar, Alan L. Freed Associates, Washington D.C.",
"title": "Education"
}
] | David A. Flosi is a Chief Master Sergeant in the US Air Force, and is designate to become the twentieth Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force, taking over from CMSAF JoAnne S. Bass. As at December 2023, Flosi is the command chief master sergeant of Air Force Materiel Command at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio. Flosi joined the Air Force in May 1996 as a nuclear weapons specialist. His career includes deployments for Operation Southern Watch, Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation Inherent Resolve, and Operation Freedom's Sentinel. | 2023-12-15T02:53:04Z | 2023-12-19T06:45:56Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Use dmy dates",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_A._Flosi |
75,568,020 | Miss Ambition | Miss Ambition is a lost 1918 silent film directed by Henry Houry and starring in the leads Corinne Griffith, Betty Blythe and Walter McGrail. It was produced by Albert E. Smith and released through Greater Vitagraph. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Miss Ambition is a lost 1918 silent film directed by Henry Houry and starring in the leads Corinne Griffith, Betty Blythe and Walter McGrail. It was produced by Albert E. Smith and released through Greater Vitagraph.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "",
"title": "Cast"
}
] | Miss Ambition is a lost 1918 silent film directed by Henry Houry and starring in the leads Corinne Griffith, Betty Blythe and Walter McGrail. It was produced by Albert E. Smith and released through Greater Vitagraph. | 2023-12-15T02:53:14Z | 2023-12-16T01:04:27Z | [
"Template:Infobox film",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miss_Ambition |
75,568,029 | 2024 in religion | This is a timeline of events during the year 2024 which relate to religion. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "This is a timeline of events during the year 2024 which relate to religion.",
"title": ""
}
] | This is a timeline of events during the year 2024 which relate to religion. | 2023-12-15T02:55:14Z | 2023-12-15T13:25:34Z | [
"Template:Year nav topic",
"Template:Reflist"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_in_religion |
75,568,044 | Shoshana (film) | Shoshana is a 2023 British biographical thriller film is about a tragic love story between Shoshana Borochov and Geoffrey J. Morton had its world premiere at the 2023 Toronto International Film Festival. It is set in 1930s/1940s British Mandatory Palestine stars Douglas Booth as Tom Wilkin and Harry Melling as Geoffrey J. Morton, two British police officers hunting Zionist militant Avraham Stern. It co-stars Irina Starshenbaum as Shoshana Borochov. The screenplay was written by Winterbottom, Laurence Coriat and Paul Viragh. Winterbottom has been developing the film for many years. In 2010, Jim Sturgess, Colin Firth and Matthew Macfadyen were announced as its stars. While the film never entered production in 2010, Winterbottom did shoot documentary footage in Israel at the time with surviving participants in the events. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Shoshana is a 2023 British biographical thriller film is about a tragic love story between Shoshana Borochov and Geoffrey J. Morton had its world premiere at the 2023 Toronto International Film Festival. It is set in 1930s/1940s British Mandatory Palestine stars Douglas Booth as Tom Wilkin and Harry Melling as Geoffrey J. Morton, two British police officers hunting Zionist militant Avraham Stern. It co-stars Irina Starshenbaum as Shoshana Borochov. The screenplay was written by Winterbottom, Laurence Coriat and Paul Viragh. Winterbottom has been developing the film for many years. In 2010, Jim Sturgess, Colin Firth and Matthew Macfadyen were announced as its stars. While the film never entered production in 2010, Winterbottom did shoot documentary footage in Israel at the time with surviving participants in the events.",
"title": ""
}
] | Shoshana is a 2023 British biographical thriller film is about a tragic love story between Shoshana Borochov and Geoffrey J. Morton had its world premiere at the 2023 Toronto International Film Festival. It is set in 1930s/1940s British Mandatory Palestine stars Douglas Booth as Tom Wilkin and Harry Melling as Geoffrey J. Morton, two British police officers hunting Zionist militant Avraham Stern. It co-stars Irina Starshenbaum as Shoshana Borochov. The screenplay was written by Winterbottom, Laurence Coriat and Paul Viragh. Winterbottom has been developing the film for many years. In 2010, Jim Sturgess, Colin Firth and Matthew Macfadyen were announced as its stars. While the film never entered production in 2010, Winterbottom did shoot documentary footage in Israel at the time with surviving participants in the events. | 2023-12-15T02:57:28Z | 2023-12-16T15:53:58Z | [
"Template:Infobox film",
"Template:Michael Winterbottom",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoshana_(film) |
75,568,058 | 2023–24 Charlotte 49ers women's basketball team | The 2023–24 Charlotte 49ers women's basketball team represents the University of North Carolina at Charlotte during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The 49ers, led by 13th-year head coach Cara Consuegra, play their home games at Dale F. Halton Arena in Charlotte, North Carolina as first year members of the American Athletic Conference.
The 49ers finished the 2022–23 season 12–19, 7–13 in C-USA play to finish in a tie for eighth place. As the #9 seed in the C-USA tournament, they defeated #8 seed FIU in the first round, before falling to top seed and eventual tournament champions Middle Tennessee in the quarterfinals. This was the 49ers' final season as members of Conference USA, as they moved to the American Athletic Conference effective July 1, 2023.
Sources: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2023–24 Charlotte 49ers women's basketball team represents the University of North Carolina at Charlotte during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The 49ers, led by 13th-year head coach Cara Consuegra, play their home games at Dale F. Halton Arena in Charlotte, North Carolina as first year members of the American Athletic Conference.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The 49ers finished the 2022–23 season 12–19, 7–13 in C-USA play to finish in a tie for eighth place. As the #9 seed in the C-USA tournament, they defeated #8 seed FIU in the first round, before falling to top seed and eventual tournament champions Middle Tennessee in the quarterfinals. This was the 49ers' final season as members of Conference USA, as they moved to the American Athletic Conference effective July 1, 2023.",
"title": "Previous season"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Sources:",
"title": "Schedule and results"
}
] | The 2023–24 Charlotte 49ers women's basketball team represents the University of North Carolina at Charlotte during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The 49ers, led by 13th-year head coach Cara Consuegra, play their home games at Dale F. Halton Arena in Charlotte, North Carolina as first year members of the American Athletic Conference. | 2023-12-15T03:01:38Z | 2023-12-20T06:22:18Z | [
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75,568,069 | Anytime Anywhere (song) | "Anytime Anywhere" is a song recorded by Japanese singer Milet. It was released on September 29, 2023, through SME Records. Serving as the ending theme for the Japanese anime series Frieren: Beyond Journey's End (2023), the song was written by Milet, Daisuke Nakamura, and Koichiro Nomura. Evan Call, who composed the music for the anime series, served as producer of the song. Commercially, "Anytime Anywhere" received mild success, peaking at number 55 on the Billboard Japan Hot 100.
In September 2022, an anime adaption of the manga series Frieren: Beyond Journey's End. A year later, a trailer was released, featuring "Yūsha" by Yoasobi and "Anytime Anywhere" by Milet. The song was later released as a digital single on September 29, 2023, the same day the anime series premiered. On December 11, Milet announced her eighth extended play of the same name, slated for release on January 31, 2024.
A music video for "Anytime Anywhere" premiered on Milet's YouTube channel on October 6, 2023.
Milet performed "Anytime Anywhere" during her concert tour, the 5am Tour.
Credits adapted from Tidal. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "\"Anytime Anywhere\" is a song recorded by Japanese singer Milet. It was released on September 29, 2023, through SME Records. Serving as the ending theme for the Japanese anime series Frieren: Beyond Journey's End (2023), the song was written by Milet, Daisuke Nakamura, and Koichiro Nomura. Evan Call, who composed the music for the anime series, served as producer of the song. Commercially, \"Anytime Anywhere\" received mild success, peaking at number 55 on the Billboard Japan Hot 100.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In September 2022, an anime adaption of the manga series Frieren: Beyond Journey's End. A year later, a trailer was released, featuring \"Yūsha\" by Yoasobi and \"Anytime Anywhere\" by Milet. The song was later released as a digital single on September 29, 2023, the same day the anime series premiered. On December 11, Milet announced her eighth extended play of the same name, slated for release on January 31, 2024.",
"title": "Background and release"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "A music video for \"Anytime Anywhere\" premiered on Milet's YouTube channel on October 6, 2023.",
"title": "Music video"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Milet performed \"Anytime Anywhere\" during her concert tour, the 5am Tour.",
"title": "Live performances"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Credits adapted from Tidal.",
"title": "Credits and personnel"
}
] | "Anytime Anywhere" is a song recorded by Japanese singer Milet. It was released on September 29, 2023, through SME Records. Serving as the ending theme for the Japanese anime series Frieren: Beyond Journey's End (2023), the song was written by Milet, Daisuke Nakamura, and Koichiro Nomura. Evan Call, who composed the music for the anime series, served as producer of the song. Commercially, "Anytime Anywhere" received mild success, peaking at number 55 on the Billboard Japan Hot 100. | 2023-12-15T03:04:37Z | 2023-12-18T02:58:11Z | [
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75,568,073 | Richard DiPrima | Richard Clyde DiPrima (1927 to 1984) was a professor of applied mechanics at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, specializing in hydrodynamic stability and lubrication theory.
DiPrima studied at Carnegie Mellon University attaining B.A. M.S. and Ph.D. there. He wrote his thesis under George H. Handelman.
He continued his studies, first at MIT with C. C. Lin, and then for two years at Harvard with Bernard Budiansky and George Carrier. In Boston he married Maureen. DiPrima was employed at Hughes Aircraft for a year in their laboratory.
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute acquired his services in 1957; he was promoted to associate professor in 1959. He was made a full professor in 1962. From 1972 to 1981 he served as chair of the department of mathematical sciences. He joined William E. Boyce to write Elementary Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems, a textbook that went to eight editions.
DiPrima was a fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the American Academy of Mechanics, and of the American Physical Society. He was a member of the American Mathematical Society, the Mathematical Association of America, and of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.
In administrative service, he served as president of SIAM, and as chair of the executive committee of the Applied Mechanics Division of ASME.
DiPrima was a Fulbright fellow in 1964 and 1983, and a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1982. He received the W.H. Wiley distinguished faculty award in 1980 from Rensselaer. In 1988 SIAM began awarding the Richard C. DiPrima Prize every two years.
DiPrima died on September 10, 1984. One year later a conference dedicated to the memory of DiPrima was held at Rensselaer, and the Proceedings published. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Richard Clyde DiPrima (1927 to 1984) was a professor of applied mechanics at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, specializing in hydrodynamic stability and lubrication theory.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "DiPrima studied at Carnegie Mellon University attaining B.A. M.S. and Ph.D. there. He wrote his thesis under George H. Handelman.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "He continued his studies, first at MIT with C. C. Lin, and then for two years at Harvard with Bernard Budiansky and George Carrier. In Boston he married Maureen. DiPrima was employed at Hughes Aircraft for a year in their laboratory.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute acquired his services in 1957; he was promoted to associate professor in 1959. He was made a full professor in 1962. From 1972 to 1981 he served as chair of the department of mathematical sciences. He joined William E. Boyce to write Elementary Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems, a textbook that went to eight editions.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "DiPrima was a fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the American Academy of Mechanics, and of the American Physical Society. He was a member of the American Mathematical Society, the Mathematical Association of America, and of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "In administrative service, he served as president of SIAM, and as chair of the executive committee of the Applied Mechanics Division of ASME.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "DiPrima was a Fulbright fellow in 1964 and 1983, and a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1982. He received the W.H. Wiley distinguished faculty award in 1980 from Rensselaer. In 1988 SIAM began awarding the Richard C. DiPrima Prize every two years.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "DiPrima died on September 10, 1984. One year later a conference dedicated to the memory of DiPrima was held at Rensselaer, and the Proceedings published.",
"title": ""
}
] | Richard Clyde DiPrima was a professor of applied mechanics at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, specializing in hydrodynamic stability and lubrication theory. DiPrima studied at Carnegie Mellon University attaining B.A. M.S. and Ph.D. there. He wrote his thesis under George H. Handelman. He continued his studies, first at MIT with C. C. Lin, and then for two years at Harvard with Bernard Budiansky and George Carrier. In Boston he married Maureen. DiPrima was employed at Hughes Aircraft for a year in their laboratory. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute acquired his services in 1957; he was promoted to associate professor in 1959. He was made a full professor in 1962. From 1972 to 1981 he served as chair of the department of mathematical sciences. He joined William E. Boyce to write Elementary Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems, a textbook that went to eight editions. DiPrima was a fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the American Academy of Mechanics, and of the American Physical Society. He was a member of the American Mathematical Society, the Mathematical Association of America, and of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. In administrative service, he served as president of SIAM, and as chair of the executive committee of the Applied Mechanics Division of ASME. DiPrima was a Fulbright fellow in 1964 and 1983, and a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1982. He received the W.H. Wiley distinguished faculty award in 1980 from Rensselaer. In 1988 SIAM began awarding the Richard C. DiPrima Prize every two years. DiPrima died on September 10, 1984. One year later a conference dedicated to the memory of DiPrima was held at Rensselaer, and the Proceedings published. | 2023-12-15T03:04:58Z | 2023-12-23T00:54:37Z | [
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75,568,098 | HMS Mosquito (1910) | HMS Mosquito was a Beagle-class (or G-class) destroyer of the British Royal Navy. The Beagle class were coal-fuelled ships, designed for a speed of 27 kn (31 mph; 50 km/h) and armed with a 4 in (102 mm) gun and two torpedo tubes. Built by Fairfield Shipbuilding & Engineering Company at their Govan yard and launched in 1910, Mosquito was transferred to the Mediterranean Fleet in 1913, and spent most of the First World War in the Mediterranean. While participating in the Gallipoli campaign, the destroyer rescued the crew of the French battleship Bouvet, sunk by a naval mine. The vessel was transferred to Buncrana in the north of Ireland in 1917 and acted as an escort to convoys. In 1918, the destroyer helped to rescue survivors from the troopship Tuscania, sunk by a German U-boat submarine. After the Armistice that ended the war, Mosquito was initially transferred to the Nore and then sold in 1920 to be broken up.
Mosquito was one of three Beagle-class destroyers ordered from Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company as part of the 1908–1909 shipbuilding programme. The vessels were coal-burning after concerns had been raised about the availability of fuel oil in time of war and the bridge was larger and higher than previous designs. This also reduced costs, although it also meant that five boilers were needed, the extra machinery meaning that deck space became more premium. Otherwise, the Beagle class vessels were not built to a standard design, with detailed design being left to the builders of individual ships in accordance with a loose specification. The vessels were known as the G class from October 1913.
Mosquito was 271 feet (82.6 m) long, with a beam of 27.7 feet (8.4 m) and a draught of 8 feet 8 inches (2.6 m). Normal displacement was 925 long tons (940 t). Five Yarrow boilers fed direct-drive Parsons steam turbines driving three shafts. Two funnels were fitted. The machinery was rated at 12,000 shp (8,900 kW) giving a design speed of 27 kn (31 mph; 50 km/h). The destroyer reached a speed of 27.12 kn (31.21 mph; 50.23 km/h) during sea trials.
Armament consisted of one 4 in (100 mm) BL Mk VIII gun forward and three 3 in (76 mm) QF 12-pounder 12 cwt guns aft. Torpedo armament consisted of two 21 in (530 mm) torpedo tubes, one placed forward and the other aft. Two spare torpedoes were carried. On 8 April 1916, the Admiralty approved fitting the destroyer with depth charges. Initially, two charges were carried. This was increased to 30 to 50 charges during 1918. The ship had a complement of 96 officers and ratings.
Mosquito was laid down at Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company's Govan shipyard on 22 April 1909, was launched on 27 January the following year and completed on 11 August. The ship was the eleventh of the name to serve in the Royal Navy, including one in Australian service. The vessel joined the First Destroyer Flotilla. In 1912, a reorganisation of the Home Fleet resulted in the Beagle's forming the Third Destroyer Flotilla. Mosquito remained part of the Third Flotilla in March 1913. On 19 November 1913,Mosquito, left Plymouth for Malta and joined the Fifth Destroyer Flotilla as part of the Mediterranean Fleet.
At the start of the First World War, the destroyer was part of the Second Division of the Fifth Flotilla and based in Alexandria. On 2 August 1914, the Fifth Destroyer Flotilla was involved in the search for Goeben and Breslau in the Mediterranean. On 3 August, the Second Division, (Beagle, Bulldog, Harpy and Mosquito) were at Malta. While it was initially planned that they reinforce Rear Admiral Ernest Troubridge's squadron patrolling the entrance to the Adriatic, Mosquito, along with Harpy and Grampus, was ordered to patrol the southern end of the Straits of Messina on 7 October. The attempts to intercept Goeben and Breslau failed, and the two German ships reached Turkey on 10 August.
In 1915 Mosquito participated in the naval operations in the Dardanelles Campaign. On the night of 1/2 March, along with Basilisk, Grasshopper and Racoon, the destroyer escorted trawlers attempting to clear the minefields across the narrows of the Dardanelles straits. The force came under heavy fire from Turkish guns, and were forced to turn back before reaching the minefields. On the night of the 18/19 March, the destroyer was involved in another attempt to clear the mines, this time escorting three trawlers and two picket boats. Once again, they had to turn back under heavy fire. It was then decided to clear the minefields by day while the British and French battleships suppressed the Turkish guns that protected the minefields. This was attempted on 18 March, with Basilisk, Grasshopper, Mosquito and Racoon again escorting the minesweeping trawlers. The attempt failed, however, with the fire from mobile guns forcing the minesweepers to turn back. Even more consequentially, the battleships Bouvet, Ocean and Irresistible hit mines and sank, the destroyer rescuing the majority of the survivors from Bourvet.
Mosquito was still based in the Mediterranean in August 1917, However, by October that year, the vessel had moved to the Second Destroyer Flotilla, based at Buncrana in the north of Ireland. The Admiralty redeployed the destroyers as escorts to convoys to protect them from German submarines. On 5 February 1918, Mosquito was part of the escort for Convoy HX 20, bound from Halifax, Nova Scotia, to Liverpool when the troopship Tuscania was torpedoed by the German submarine UB-77 south west of Islay. Mosquito was one of three destroyers detached from the convoy to rescue survivors from the sinking troopship and rescued about 200 men, while Pigeon rescued about 800 and Grasshopper about 500. A total of 166 American soldiers and 44 members of Tuscania's crew were killed. Mosquito was still part of the Second Flotilla in May 1918, but by July had returned to the Fourth Flotilla at Devonport, remaining there until the end of the war.
After the Armistice that ended the war, the Royal Navy quickly withdrew all pre-war destroyers from active service. By February 1919, Mosquito was transferred had moved to The Nore. However, that deployment did not last long. As the force returned to a peacetime level of strength, both the number of ships and the amount of personnel needed to be reduced to save money. Mosquito as declared superfluous to operational requirements, retired, and, on 31 August 1920, was sold to Ward at Rainham to be broken up. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "HMS Mosquito was a Beagle-class (or G-class) destroyer of the British Royal Navy. The Beagle class were coal-fuelled ships, designed for a speed of 27 kn (31 mph; 50 km/h) and armed with a 4 in (102 mm) gun and two torpedo tubes. Built by Fairfield Shipbuilding & Engineering Company at their Govan yard and launched in 1910, Mosquito was transferred to the Mediterranean Fleet in 1913, and spent most of the First World War in the Mediterranean. While participating in the Gallipoli campaign, the destroyer rescued the crew of the French battleship Bouvet, sunk by a naval mine. The vessel was transferred to Buncrana in the north of Ireland in 1917 and acted as an escort to convoys. In 1918, the destroyer helped to rescue survivors from the troopship Tuscania, sunk by a German U-boat submarine. After the Armistice that ended the war, Mosquito was initially transferred to the Nore and then sold in 1920 to be broken up.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Mosquito was one of three Beagle-class destroyers ordered from Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company as part of the 1908–1909 shipbuilding programme. The vessels were coal-burning after concerns had been raised about the availability of fuel oil in time of war and the bridge was larger and higher than previous designs. This also reduced costs, although it also meant that five boilers were needed, the extra machinery meaning that deck space became more premium. Otherwise, the Beagle class vessels were not built to a standard design, with detailed design being left to the builders of individual ships in accordance with a loose specification. The vessels were known as the G class from October 1913.",
"title": "Design and development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Mosquito was 271 feet (82.6 m) long, with a beam of 27.7 feet (8.4 m) and a draught of 8 feet 8 inches (2.6 m). Normal displacement was 925 long tons (940 t). Five Yarrow boilers fed direct-drive Parsons steam turbines driving three shafts. Two funnels were fitted. The machinery was rated at 12,000 shp (8,900 kW) giving a design speed of 27 kn (31 mph; 50 km/h). The destroyer reached a speed of 27.12 kn (31.21 mph; 50.23 km/h) during sea trials.",
"title": "Design and development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Armament consisted of one 4 in (100 mm) BL Mk VIII gun forward and three 3 in (76 mm) QF 12-pounder 12 cwt guns aft. Torpedo armament consisted of two 21 in (530 mm) torpedo tubes, one placed forward and the other aft. Two spare torpedoes were carried. On 8 April 1916, the Admiralty approved fitting the destroyer with depth charges. Initially, two charges were carried. This was increased to 30 to 50 charges during 1918. The ship had a complement of 96 officers and ratings.",
"title": "Design and development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Mosquito was laid down at Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company's Govan shipyard on 22 April 1909, was launched on 27 January the following year and completed on 11 August. The ship was the eleventh of the name to serve in the Royal Navy, including one in Australian service. The vessel joined the First Destroyer Flotilla. In 1912, a reorganisation of the Home Fleet resulted in the Beagle's forming the Third Destroyer Flotilla. Mosquito remained part of the Third Flotilla in March 1913. On 19 November 1913,Mosquito, left Plymouth for Malta and joined the Fifth Destroyer Flotilla as part of the Mediterranean Fleet.",
"title": "Construction and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "At the start of the First World War, the destroyer was part of the Second Division of the Fifth Flotilla and based in Alexandria. On 2 August 1914, the Fifth Destroyer Flotilla was involved in the search for Goeben and Breslau in the Mediterranean. On 3 August, the Second Division, (Beagle, Bulldog, Harpy and Mosquito) were at Malta. While it was initially planned that they reinforce Rear Admiral Ernest Troubridge's squadron patrolling the entrance to the Adriatic, Mosquito, along with Harpy and Grampus, was ordered to patrol the southern end of the Straits of Messina on 7 October. The attempts to intercept Goeben and Breslau failed, and the two German ships reached Turkey on 10 August.",
"title": "Construction and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In 1915 Mosquito participated in the naval operations in the Dardanelles Campaign. On the night of 1/2 March, along with Basilisk, Grasshopper and Racoon, the destroyer escorted trawlers attempting to clear the minefields across the narrows of the Dardanelles straits. The force came under heavy fire from Turkish guns, and were forced to turn back before reaching the minefields. On the night of the 18/19 March, the destroyer was involved in another attempt to clear the mines, this time escorting three trawlers and two picket boats. Once again, they had to turn back under heavy fire. It was then decided to clear the minefields by day while the British and French battleships suppressed the Turkish guns that protected the minefields. This was attempted on 18 March, with Basilisk, Grasshopper, Mosquito and Racoon again escorting the minesweeping trawlers. The attempt failed, however, with the fire from mobile guns forcing the minesweepers to turn back. Even more consequentially, the battleships Bouvet, Ocean and Irresistible hit mines and sank, the destroyer rescuing the majority of the survivors from Bourvet.",
"title": "Construction and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Mosquito was still based in the Mediterranean in August 1917, However, by October that year, the vessel had moved to the Second Destroyer Flotilla, based at Buncrana in the north of Ireland. The Admiralty redeployed the destroyers as escorts to convoys to protect them from German submarines. On 5 February 1918, Mosquito was part of the escort for Convoy HX 20, bound from Halifax, Nova Scotia, to Liverpool when the troopship Tuscania was torpedoed by the German submarine UB-77 south west of Islay. Mosquito was one of three destroyers detached from the convoy to rescue survivors from the sinking troopship and rescued about 200 men, while Pigeon rescued about 800 and Grasshopper about 500. A total of 166 American soldiers and 44 members of Tuscania's crew were killed. Mosquito was still part of the Second Flotilla in May 1918, but by July had returned to the Fourth Flotilla at Devonport, remaining there until the end of the war.",
"title": "Construction and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "After the Armistice that ended the war, the Royal Navy quickly withdrew all pre-war destroyers from active service. By February 1919, Mosquito was transferred had moved to The Nore. However, that deployment did not last long. As the force returned to a peacetime level of strength, both the number of ships and the amount of personnel needed to be reduced to save money. Mosquito as declared superfluous to operational requirements, retired, and, on 31 August 1920, was sold to Ward at Rainham to be broken up.",
"title": "Construction and career"
}
] | HMS Mosquito was a Beagle-class destroyer of the British Royal Navy. The Beagle class were coal-fuelled ships, designed for a speed of 27 kn and armed with a 4 in (102 mm) gun and two torpedo tubes. Built by Fairfield Shipbuilding & Engineering Company at their Govan yard and launched in 1910, Mosquito was transferred to the Mediterranean Fleet in 1913, and spent most of the First World War in the Mediterranean. While participating in the Gallipoli campaign, the destroyer rescued the crew of the French battleship Bouvet, sunk by a naval mine. The vessel was transferred to Buncrana in the north of Ireland in 1917 and acted as an escort to convoys. In 1918, the destroyer helped to rescue survivors from the troopship Tuscania, sunk by a German U-boat submarine. After the Armistice that ended the war, Mosquito was initially transferred to the Nore and then sold in 1920 to be broken up. | 2023-12-15T03:11:23Z | 2023-12-29T01:15:22Z | [
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75,568,114 | Asgard's Wrath 2 | Asgard's Wrath 2 is an action role-playing game developed by Sanzaru Games and published by Oculus Studios for the Meta Quest series of virtual reality headsets. It is the sequel to Asgard's Wrath (2019). The game was released worldwide in December 2023 and was included for free as a launch game for the Meta Quest 3.
Players control a Norse god who possesses mortals who have important destinies. After being betrayed by Loki in Asgard's Wrath, the protagonist is freed from bondage and sent to Egypt. There, players interact with gods from Egyptian mythology and seek a way to get revenge on Loki. Players can explore the open world; possess four characters, each of whom has their own story and skill tree; talk to non-player characters; play minigames; solve puzzles; and engage in combat with enemies and bosses. Players are assisted in combat by followers, who also have their own stories.
Development on Asgard's Wrath 2 began shortly after Asgard's Wrath's release in late 2019. As a result of Meta's commitment to its standalone devices and its discontinuation of the non-standalone Oculus Rift family of heasets, the sequel shifted platforms, no longer requiring a headset connected to a Microsoft Windows computer and instead becoming exclusive to standalone Meta headsets.
Following the original's success, developer Sanzaru Games was acquired by Meta's Oculus Studios in 2020. Asgard's Wrath 2 was announced alongside the Meta Quest 3 during the Meta Quest Gaming Showcase on June 1, 2023, as a launch game for the new headset.
Oculus Studios released Asgard's Wrath 2 for the Meta Quest 2, Meta Quest Pro, and Meta Quest 3 on December 15, 2023, to be bundled with all Meta Quest 3 purchases until January 27, 2024.
Asgard's Wrath 2 received "universal acclaim" on Metacritic. IGN gave it a perfect score and made it their editors' choice, writing that it "sets a new gold standard for VR" and competes with the best role-playing games on any platform. UploadVR said it "offers Quest players more than ever, on an uncharted scale". In their review, they praised what they felt was epic gameplay but said the game was let down by adopting the conventions of non-VR role-playing games. NPR's reviewer said Asgard's Wrath 2 had become his new favorite VR game and wrote that "the gameplay, pacing, and story are a gift from the gods". Siliconera called it "a genuinely cool, well-crafted endeavor" and said the only drawback was that the graphics were limited by the Meta Quest 3 compared to non-VR platforms. | [
{
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"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Players control a Norse god who possesses mortals who have important destinies. After being betrayed by Loki in Asgard's Wrath, the protagonist is freed from bondage and sent to Egypt. There, players interact with gods from Egyptian mythology and seek a way to get revenge on Loki. Players can explore the open world; possess four characters, each of whom has their own story and skill tree; talk to non-player characters; play minigames; solve puzzles; and engage in combat with enemies and bosses. Players are assisted in combat by followers, who also have their own stories.",
"title": "Gameplay"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Development on Asgard's Wrath 2 began shortly after Asgard's Wrath's release in late 2019. As a result of Meta's commitment to its standalone devices and its discontinuation of the non-standalone Oculus Rift family of heasets, the sequel shifted platforms, no longer requiring a headset connected to a Microsoft Windows computer and instead becoming exclusive to standalone Meta headsets.",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Following the original's success, developer Sanzaru Games was acquired by Meta's Oculus Studios in 2020. Asgard's Wrath 2 was announced alongside the Meta Quest 3 during the Meta Quest Gaming Showcase on June 1, 2023, as a launch game for the new headset.",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Oculus Studios released Asgard's Wrath 2 for the Meta Quest 2, Meta Quest Pro, and Meta Quest 3 on December 15, 2023, to be bundled with all Meta Quest 3 purchases until January 27, 2024.",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Asgard's Wrath 2 received \"universal acclaim\" on Metacritic. IGN gave it a perfect score and made it their editors' choice, writing that it \"sets a new gold standard for VR\" and competes with the best role-playing games on any platform. UploadVR said it \"offers Quest players more than ever, on an uncharted scale\". In their review, they praised what they felt was epic gameplay but said the game was let down by adopting the conventions of non-VR role-playing games. NPR's reviewer said Asgard's Wrath 2 had become his new favorite VR game and wrote that \"the gameplay, pacing, and story are a gift from the gods\". Siliconera called it \"a genuinely cool, well-crafted endeavor\" and said the only drawback was that the graphics were limited by the Meta Quest 3 compared to non-VR platforms.",
"title": "Reception"
}
] | Asgard's Wrath 2 is an action role-playing game developed by Sanzaru Games and published by Oculus Studios for the Meta Quest series of virtual reality headsets. It is the sequel to Asgard's Wrath (2019). The game was released worldwide in December 2023 and was included for free as a launch game for the Meta Quest 3. | 2023-12-15T03:16:00Z | 2023-12-31T02:27:47Z | [
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75,568,154 | Taung Myint | Taung Myint (Burmese: တောင်မြင့်ရွာ) is a village in Pauk Township, Pakokku District, Magway Region, Myanmar.
During the Myanmar civil war that began in 2021, the school closed down in 2021. In October 2022, the village was the site of war crimes by the Tatmadaw military junta. The Tatmadaw soldiers murdered and decapitated a schoolteacher from nearby Thit Nyi Naung, and impaled his head on a gate, leaving his body out. They burned the school as well. The killing was condemned by representatives from the United States. | [
{
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"text": "Taung Myint (Burmese: တောင်မြင့်ရွာ) is a village in Pauk Township, Pakokku District, Magway Region, Myanmar.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "During the Myanmar civil war that began in 2021, the school closed down in 2021. In October 2022, the village was the site of war crimes by the Tatmadaw military junta. The Tatmadaw soldiers murdered and decapitated a schoolteacher from nearby Thit Nyi Naung, and impaled his head on a gate, leaving his body out. They burned the school as well. The killing was condemned by representatives from the United States.",
"title": "History"
}
] | Taung Myint is a village in Pauk Township, Pakokku District, Magway Region, Myanmar. | 2023-12-15T03:30:12Z | 2023-12-20T06:35:07Z | [
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75,568,187 | Sofie Vendelbo | Sofie Vendelbo Laursen is a Danish footballer who plays for the German team Koln. | [
{
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"text": "Sofie Vendelbo Laursen is a Danish footballer who plays for the German team Koln.",
"title": ""
}
] | Sofie Vendelbo Laursen is a Danish footballer who plays for the German team Koln. | 2023-12-15T03:39:50Z | 2023-12-24T01:27:36Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sofie_Vendelbo |
75,568,188 | Balionycteris seimundi | Balionycteris seimundi is a species of megabat found in Malaysia.
Balionycteris seimundi was described in 1921 by C. Boden Kloss. He noted it as a subspecies of spotted-winged fruit bat, with a scientific name of Balionycteris maculata seimundi. The holotype had been collected by Eibert Seimund, who became the epithet for the name seimundi. Seimmund had collected the holotype in Pahang, Malaysia. Later genetic studies showed that there was a larger-than-expected genetic distance of 12% between B. m. seimundi and B. m. maculata, which was used to justify its elevation to a full species.
Balionycteris seimundi is a small megabat, weighing only 10–15 g (0.35–0.53 oz). It has a forearm length of 40–45 mm (1.6–1.8 in). Its fur is blackish brown on its back and somewhat paler on its underside.
Balionycteris seimundi is widely distributed in Peninsular Malaysia. Its range likely includes other countries in Southeast Asia, including Thailand and Indonesia (Sumatra and the Riau Archipelago). They roost in small groups in palm trees, termite nests, epiphytic ferns, and occasionally, caves. Its habitat includes lowland rainforests at elevations from sea level to 1,500 m (4,900 ft) above sea level. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Balionycteris seimundi is a species of megabat found in Malaysia.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Balionycteris seimundi was described in 1921 by C. Boden Kloss. He noted it as a subspecies of spotted-winged fruit bat, with a scientific name of Balionycteris maculata seimundi. The holotype had been collected by Eibert Seimund, who became the epithet for the name seimundi. Seimmund had collected the holotype in Pahang, Malaysia. Later genetic studies showed that there was a larger-than-expected genetic distance of 12% between B. m. seimundi and B. m. maculata, which was used to justify its elevation to a full species.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Balionycteris seimundi is a small megabat, weighing only 10–15 g (0.35–0.53 oz). It has a forearm length of 40–45 mm (1.6–1.8 in). Its fur is blackish brown on its back and somewhat paler on its underside.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Balionycteris seimundi is widely distributed in Peninsular Malaysia. Its range likely includes other countries in Southeast Asia, including Thailand and Indonesia (Sumatra and the Riau Archipelago). They roost in small groups in palm trees, termite nests, epiphytic ferns, and occasionally, caves. Its habitat includes lowland rainforests at elevations from sea level to 1,500 m (4,900 ft) above sea level.",
"title": "Range and habitat"
}
] | Balionycteris seimundi is a species of megabat found in Malaysia. | 2023-12-15T03:40:30Z | 2023-12-15T04:06:35Z | [
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75,568,202 | Nanha (painter) | Nanha (Persian: نانها, Nānhā; fl. c. 1582–1635), also called Nanah or Nana, was an Indian painter and illuminator of the Mughal era, active during the reigns of emperors Akbar the Great, Jahangir and Shah Jahan. | [
{
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"text": "Nanha (Persian: نانها, Nānhā; fl. c. 1582–1635), also called Nanah or Nana, was an Indian painter and illuminator of the Mughal era, active during the reigns of emperors Akbar the Great, Jahangir and Shah Jahan.",
"title": ""
}
] | Nanha, also called Nanah or Nana, was an Indian painter and illuminator of the Mughal era, active during the reigns of emperors Akbar the Great, Jahangir and Shah Jahan. | 2023-12-15T03:44:04Z | 2023-12-17T01:44:18Z | [
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75,568,207 | Lois Whitney | Lois Whitney (October 14, 1892 – February 1982) was an American academic of English literature and painter who published the 1934 book Primitivism and the Idea of Progress in English Popular Literature of the Eighteenth Century. She worked as a English professor in Vassar College and Russell Sage College, and during her free time was a painter.
Lois Whitney was born in Oberlin, Ohio on October 14, 1892. She was the daughter of Adelaide and Worrallo Whitney, the latter of whom worked more than three decades as a teacher at Bowen High School and Hyde Park High School.
Whitney received her BS (1914) and MA (1915) at the University of Chicago. After working as an instructor in English at Grinnell College (1916-1919) and spending a year studying at Radcliffe College (1919-1920), she returned to the University of Chicago to get her PhD in 1921. Her PhD thesis was titled Studies in eighteenth century primitivistic theories of epic origins. After spending two years as an instructor in English at the University of Minnesota (1921-1923), she started working at Goucher College as Assistant Professor of English, before moving to Vassar College in 1926. In 1937, she moved from Vassar to Russell Sage College. In 1947, she was promoted from assistant professor to professor, a rank she would hold until her retirement in 1958.
As an academic, she specialized in English literature. In 1929, she was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship for "study[ing] the inter-relations of the [...] ideas of progress and primitivism, especially as they are illustrated by English literature of the eighteenth century". In 1934, she published the book Primitivism and the Idea of Progress in English Popular Literature of the Eighteenth Century. In 1939, she, Louis I. Bredvold, and Alan Dugald McKillop were the co-editors of the anthology Eighteenth Century Poetry & Prose.
Whitney also made paintings as a hobby during her free time. Among her paintings were oil paintings, silk screens, and watercolors. Some of her works appeared in local and national exhibitions, including the Luckey, Platt & Company Department Store, the Russell Sage College library, and the Women's University Club of New York. Whitney often visited Stowe, Vermont, where she once had an exhibition, because according to The Burlington Free Press, she "[found] Vermont landscapes so paintable, especially in the early spring and the late autumn when the colors are unusually lovely."
Whitney, by then a resident of Chicago, died in February 1982. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Lois Whitney (October 14, 1892 – February 1982) was an American academic of English literature and painter who published the 1934 book Primitivism and the Idea of Progress in English Popular Literature of the Eighteenth Century. She worked as a English professor in Vassar College and Russell Sage College, and during her free time was a painter.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "Lois Whitney was born in Oberlin, Ohio on October 14, 1892. She was the daughter of Adelaide and Worrallo Whitney, the latter of whom worked more than three decades as a teacher at Bowen High School and Hyde Park High School.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Whitney received her BS (1914) and MA (1915) at the University of Chicago. After working as an instructor in English at Grinnell College (1916-1919) and spending a year studying at Radcliffe College (1919-1920), she returned to the University of Chicago to get her PhD in 1921. Her PhD thesis was titled Studies in eighteenth century primitivistic theories of epic origins. After spending two years as an instructor in English at the University of Minnesota (1921-1923), she started working at Goucher College as Assistant Professor of English, before moving to Vassar College in 1926. In 1937, she moved from Vassar to Russell Sage College. In 1947, she was promoted from assistant professor to professor, a rank she would hold until her retirement in 1958.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "As an academic, she specialized in English literature. In 1929, she was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship for \"study[ing] the inter-relations of the [...] ideas of progress and primitivism, especially as they are illustrated by English literature of the eighteenth century\". In 1934, she published the book Primitivism and the Idea of Progress in English Popular Literature of the Eighteenth Century. In 1939, she, Louis I. Bredvold, and Alan Dugald McKillop were the co-editors of the anthology Eighteenth Century Poetry & Prose.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Whitney also made paintings as a hobby during her free time. Among her paintings were oil paintings, silk screens, and watercolors. Some of her works appeared in local and national exhibitions, including the Luckey, Platt & Company Department Store, the Russell Sage College library, and the Women's University Club of New York. Whitney often visited Stowe, Vermont, where she once had an exhibition, because according to The Burlington Free Press, she \"[found] Vermont landscapes so paintable, especially in the early spring and the late autumn when the colors are unusually lovely.\"",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Whitney, by then a resident of Chicago, died in February 1982.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | Lois Whitney was an American academic of English literature and painter who published the 1934 book Primitivism and the Idea of Progress in English Popular Literature of the Eighteenth Century. She worked as a English professor in Vassar College and Russell Sage College, and during her free time was a painter. | 2023-12-15T03:45:03Z | 2023-12-19T19:40:22Z | [
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75,568,227 | Javon Solomon | Javon Solomon is an American football defensive end for the Troy Trojans | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Javon Solomon is an American football defensive end for the Troy Trojans",
"title": ""
}
] | Javon Solomon is an American football defensive end for the Troy Trojans | 2023-12-15T03:51:00Z | 2023-12-15T12:29:00Z | [] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javon_Solomon |
75,568,236 | Kapaemahu (book) | Kapaemahu is a 2022 picture book written by Hinaleimoana Wong-Kalu, Dean Hamer, and Joe Wilson, and illustrated by Daniel Sousa. The book, which was originally produced as an animated short film, provides a retelling of an ancient Indigenous Hawaiian legend and is written in both ʻŌlelo Niʻihau and English.
In 2023, Kapaemahu was a finalist for the Lambda Literary Award for Children's Literature, as well as a Stonewall Book Award honor book.
Kapaemahu recounts an ancient Hawaiian legend about four spirits: Kapaemahu, Kapuni, Kinohi, and Kahaloa. Each spirit was mahu, meaning they embodied both feminine and masculine aspects in mind, heart, and spirit; they also possessed unique healing abilities: Kapaemahu healed through touch, Kapuni addressed spiritual healing, Kinohi could diagnose ailments, and Kahaloa could heal from a distance.
Centuries ago, these mahu traveled from Tahiti to Waikiki, sharing their healing knowledge with the locals. As a tribute, the islanders constructed a monument by transporting four large boulders from the mountain to the beach. The mahu transferred their powers to these rocks before disappearing.
The monument stood on the beach for many generations, but with time, the monument and the stories and wisdom it represented faded from memory.
Kapaemahu received starred reviews from Kirkus Reviews, School Library Journal, and Shelf Awareness.
Kirkus Reviews called Kapaemahu "a poignant monument to the power of hidden Indigenous histories", noting that the book "underscores the importance of preserving sacred spaces". They also highlighted how "the book pays homage to Indigenous Hawaiian healing traditions and affirms two-spirit people".
Terry Hong, writing for Shelf Awareness, highlighted the book's illustrations: "Sousa's full-page bleeds and saturated palette of predominantly deep earth colors display potent images. Light heightens Sousa's superb imagery: glowing golds underscore gentle strength; soft, wispy white captures healing energy." Hong concluded that the illustration's "power continues to flow through transparent prose and magnificent visuals, gifting audiences with insights celebrating acceptance and inspiring strength".
Elizabeth Bush, writing for The Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books, also praised the Sousa's illustrations, which "portray the healers as chiseled, monumental forms reminiscent of the stones that house their spirits". Bush further stated that "the inky shadows and rich red-gold light of the ancient tale contrasts dramatically with the sand-reflected brightness of modern Waikiki".
Booklist also reviewed the book.
School Library Journal and Shelf Awareness included Kapaemahu on their list of the best children's books of 2022. School Library Journal also included the audiobook on their list of the top ten audiobooks of 2022. | [
{
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"text": "Kapaemahu is a 2022 picture book written by Hinaleimoana Wong-Kalu, Dean Hamer, and Joe Wilson, and illustrated by Daniel Sousa. The book, which was originally produced as an animated short film, provides a retelling of an ancient Indigenous Hawaiian legend and is written in both ʻŌlelo Niʻihau and English.",
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},
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},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Kapaemahu recounts an ancient Hawaiian legend about four spirits: Kapaemahu, Kapuni, Kinohi, and Kahaloa. Each spirit was mahu, meaning they embodied both feminine and masculine aspects in mind, heart, and spirit; they also possessed unique healing abilities: Kapaemahu healed through touch, Kapuni addressed spiritual healing, Kinohi could diagnose ailments, and Kahaloa could heal from a distance.",
"title": "Plot"
},
{
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"text": "Centuries ago, these mahu traveled from Tahiti to Waikiki, sharing their healing knowledge with the locals. As a tribute, the islanders constructed a monument by transporting four large boulders from the mountain to the beach. The mahu transferred their powers to these rocks before disappearing.",
"title": "Plot"
},
{
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"text": "The monument stood on the beach for many generations, but with time, the monument and the stories and wisdom it represented faded from memory.",
"title": "Plot"
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"text": "Kapaemahu received starred reviews from Kirkus Reviews, School Library Journal, and Shelf Awareness.",
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"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Kirkus Reviews called Kapaemahu \"a poignant monument to the power of hidden Indigenous histories\", noting that the book \"underscores the importance of preserving sacred spaces\". They also highlighted how \"the book pays homage to Indigenous Hawaiian healing traditions and affirms two-spirit people\".",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Terry Hong, writing for Shelf Awareness, highlighted the book's illustrations: \"Sousa's full-page bleeds and saturated palette of predominantly deep earth colors display potent images. Light heightens Sousa's superb imagery: glowing golds underscore gentle strength; soft, wispy white captures healing energy.\" Hong concluded that the illustration's \"power continues to flow through transparent prose and magnificent visuals, gifting audiences with insights celebrating acceptance and inspiring strength\".",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Elizabeth Bush, writing for The Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books, also praised the Sousa's illustrations, which \"portray the healers as chiseled, monumental forms reminiscent of the stones that house their spirits\". Bush further stated that \"the inky shadows and rich red-gold light of the ancient tale contrasts dramatically with the sand-reflected brightness of modern Waikiki\".",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
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"text": "Booklist also reviewed the book.",
"title": "Reception"
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{
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"text": "School Library Journal and Shelf Awareness included Kapaemahu on their list of the best children's books of 2022. School Library Journal also included the audiobook on their list of the top ten audiobooks of 2022.",
"title": "Awards and honors"
}
] | Kapaemahu is a 2022 picture book written by Hinaleimoana Wong-Kalu, Dean Hamer, and Joe Wilson, and illustrated by Daniel Sousa. The book, which was originally produced as an animated short film, provides a retelling of an ancient Indigenous Hawaiian legend and is written in both ʻŌlelo Niʻihau and English. In 2023, Kapaemahu was a finalist for the Lambda Literary Award for Children's Literature, as well as a Stonewall Book Award honor book. | 2023-12-15T03:54:46Z | 2023-12-15T15:33:17Z | [
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75,568,242 | Thit Nyi Naung | Thit Nyi Naung is a village in Pauk Township, Pakokku District, Magway Region, Myanmar.
There is a school in the village funded by the pro-democracy National Unity Government of Myanmar. During the Myanmar civil war that began in 2021, troops of the Tatmadaw military junta entered the town and abducted a schoolteacher who was involved in administration, Saw Tun Moe. They took him to Taung Myint, where he was murdered and his body mutilated. The murder was condemned by third countries. | [
{
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"text": "Thit Nyi Naung is a village in Pauk Township, Pakokku District, Magway Region, Myanmar.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "There is a school in the village funded by the pro-democracy National Unity Government of Myanmar. During the Myanmar civil war that began in 2021, troops of the Tatmadaw military junta entered the town and abducted a schoolteacher who was involved in administration, Saw Tun Moe. They took him to Taung Myint, where he was murdered and his body mutilated. The murder was condemned by third countries.",
"title": ""
}
] | Thit Nyi Naung is a village in Pauk Township, Pakokku District, Magway Region, Myanmar. There is a school in the village funded by the pro-democracy National Unity Government of Myanmar. During the Myanmar civil war that began in 2021, troops of the Tatmadaw military junta entered the town and abducted a schoolteacher who was involved in administration, Saw Tun Moe. They took him to Taung Myint, where he was murdered and his body mutilated. The murder was condemned by third countries. | 2023-12-15T03:55:39Z | 2023-12-15T05:11:12Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thit_Nyi_Naung |
75,568,264 | Jessamine Chapman Williams | Jessamine May Chapman Williams (June 11, 1881 – April 3, 1963) was an American home economist, nutritionist, and college professor. She was head of the home economics department at Sweet Briar College, head of the Food and Nutrition Department at the University of Arizona from 1914 to 1923, and head of the Foods and Nutrition department at Oregon State University from 1924 until she retired in 1944.
Chapman was born in Brockport, New York, the daughter of Byron H. Chapman and Josephine King Chapman. She trained as a teacher at the Brockport State Normal School, and graduated from Teachers College, Columbia University in 1906. She completed a master's degree there in 1921.
Chapman was head of the home economics department at Sweet Briar College from 1906 to 1911, head of the Food and Nutrition department at the University of Arizona from 1914 to 1923, and head of the Foods and Nutrition department at Oregon Agricultural College (now Oregon State University) from 1924 until she retired in 1944. She also taught for briefer stints, often at summer programs, at the University of Washington, Oklahoma State University, and Simmons College. In the mid-1920s she gave radio lectures for the Oregon State extension program on KOAC. She conducted nutritional experiments on rats for her research. She was active in the American Association of University Women, and the Corvallis chapter of AAUW named a fellowship in her memory.
Chapman married Canadian-born professor Richard H. Williams in 1913. She died in 1963, at the age of 81. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Jessamine May Chapman Williams (June 11, 1881 – April 3, 1963) was an American home economist, nutritionist, and college professor. She was head of the home economics department at Sweet Briar College, head of the Food and Nutrition Department at the University of Arizona from 1914 to 1923, and head of the Foods and Nutrition department at Oregon State University from 1924 until she retired in 1944.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Chapman was born in Brockport, New York, the daughter of Byron H. Chapman and Josephine King Chapman. She trained as a teacher at the Brockport State Normal School, and graduated from Teachers College, Columbia University in 1906. She completed a master's degree there in 1921.",
"title": "Early life and education"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Chapman was head of the home economics department at Sweet Briar College from 1906 to 1911, head of the Food and Nutrition department at the University of Arizona from 1914 to 1923, and head of the Foods and Nutrition department at Oregon Agricultural College (now Oregon State University) from 1924 until she retired in 1944. She also taught for briefer stints, often at summer programs, at the University of Washington, Oklahoma State University, and Simmons College. In the mid-1920s she gave radio lectures for the Oregon State extension program on KOAC. She conducted nutritional experiments on rats for her research. She was active in the American Association of University Women, and the Corvallis chapter of AAUW named a fellowship in her memory.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Chapman married Canadian-born professor Richard H. Williams in 1913. She died in 1963, at the age of 81.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | Jessamine May Chapman Williams was an American home economist, nutritionist, and college professor. She was head of the home economics department at Sweet Briar College, head of the Food and Nutrition Department at the University of Arizona from 1914 to 1923, and head of the Foods and Nutrition department at Oregon State University from 1924 until she retired in 1944. | 2023-12-15T04:03:24Z | 2023-12-18T12:46:32Z | [
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75,568,287 | Yindaw | Yindaw is a small town and former township in Pyawbwe Township, Mandalay Region, Myanmar. It was historically the seat of a provincial governor.
Yindaw is located northwest of Pyawbwe and south of Meiktila. It is partly surrounded by a moat and ruined wall. It is also surrounded by a "thorny hedgerow" and has a village gate.
The king Anawrahta supposedly once visited Yindaw and had the irrigation canal dug through the area, which became the lake that exists today. During this period, Yindaw seems to have been a garrison town along with Yamethin, Pyawbwe, and Meiktila. It was tasked with supplying a force of 400 men for military service.
The name "Yindaw" appears in the Sa Kyo Paya Hla inscription of 1192, which may be the earliest contemporary epigraphic reference to the town.
In 1402, Minkhaung I appointed Minmaha, grandson of Yazathura of Pinle, as myoza of Yindaw, along with a gift of 70 war elephants. Later, after the death of Mahabyauk, the king appointed one Pauk Hla as myoza of Yindaw along with a gift of 50 elephants. He was succeeded by Sitha, who was in Yindaw in 1428.
During the Naungyan period, Yindaw was part of the territory governed by Nawrahta Min Saw. It was later part of the revolt of Min Ye U-Zana in 1628, and was affected by political instability.
In 1679, when Minye Kyaw Htin made a list of towns and villages under his rule, Yindaw was listed as a kyeitsu (non-crown-service) town.
During the Konbaung period, Yindaw served as a military outpost due to its location in a contested region. In the census roll of 1783, under king Badon, Yindaw was listed as having 521 athi (commoner) households and 491 crown service households (which included groups like horsemen from the Myin Zu Gyi, Myanmar Myin, and Shwe Pyi Yan Aung cavalry groups; and musketeers from the Nat Su group; as well as groups like the ngwei gun daw (silver tax collectors) as well as Muslims and Portuguese).
Saltpetre was extracted at Yindaw during the Konbaung period, and then made into gunpowder. The town also lay on the main trade route from Meiktila to Pyawbwe during that time. Yindaw was the fiefdom of Yindaw Ma Lay, a court dancer during the reign of King Thibaw.
In general, in the Konbaung period, Yindaw Township's highest-ranking official was the provincial governor (whose title was variously myoza, myowun, or myo-oat), who was responsible for presiding over civil and criminal cases, checking and standardising weights and measures, levying taxes, and also carrying out whatever orders came from the central authorities. Several governors are attested during the Konbaung period: the myoza Thiri Su Sandra Dewi in 1783, the myowun Maha Min Khaung Tha Manta Raza in 1866, the myo-oat Min Htin Thiha Kyaw Khaung in 1878, and the myoza Mingyi Thiri Maha Zeya Gamani in 1885.
Under the provincial governor was the town headman (myo thugyi) of Yindaw, and subordinate to the myo thugyi were the village headmen (thugyi) for the various villages in the township. Several myo thugyi are attested for Yindaw in the 1800s: Nga Kyaw San Hla in 1810, Ko Ohn Khaing in 1869, Shwe Taung Eindra Thura in 1878, and Nga Loke in 1880. Another unnamed myo thugyi is attested in 1838 as part of a dispute with the myo thugyi of Meiktila, when both headmen claimed the village of Shan De as part of their own jurisdiction.
As of 1891, the entire township of Yindaw had a total population of 37,890.
Before Yamethin District was created 1893, Yindaw was part of Meiktila District. With the creation of Yamethin District, Yindaw was split off from Meiktila to become one of three townships in Yamethin District, along with Pyawbwe and Yamethin. As of 1901, Yindaw Township's borders were with Meiktila District on the north, Magway Division on the west and south, and Pyawbwe Township on the east.
At the turn of the 20th century, Yindaw was described as having two distinct parts, one of which was inhabited by descendants of people who had supposedly immigrated from India in 1708. They had supposedly originated as political refugees who had been followers of a Mughal crown prince who had fled to Arakan after his brother imprisoned their father "Arlangiri" and seized the throne. They were then allowed to settle in several places in Myanmar in groups of 7 families, in each case on a new designated site just outside a pre-existing town. Besides Yindaw, similar groups at several other towns: Taung-Ngu, Yamethin, Nyaungyan, Meiktila, Myedu, Ngayane, Kawthanthi, and Sibatbya.
By 1910, Yindaw had been merged into Pyawbwe Township. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Yindaw is a small town and former township in Pyawbwe Township, Mandalay Region, Myanmar. It was historically the seat of a provincial governor.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Yindaw is located northwest of Pyawbwe and south of Meiktila. It is partly surrounded by a moat and ruined wall. It is also surrounded by a \"thorny hedgerow\" and has a village gate.",
"title": "Geography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The king Anawrahta supposedly once visited Yindaw and had the irrigation canal dug through the area, which became the lake that exists today. During this period, Yindaw seems to have been a garrison town along with Yamethin, Pyawbwe, and Meiktila. It was tasked with supplying a force of 400 men for military service.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The name \"Yindaw\" appears in the Sa Kyo Paya Hla inscription of 1192, which may be the earliest contemporary epigraphic reference to the town.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In 1402, Minkhaung I appointed Minmaha, grandson of Yazathura of Pinle, as myoza of Yindaw, along with a gift of 70 war elephants. Later, after the death of Mahabyauk, the king appointed one Pauk Hla as myoza of Yindaw along with a gift of 50 elephants. He was succeeded by Sitha, who was in Yindaw in 1428.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "During the Naungyan period, Yindaw was part of the territory governed by Nawrahta Min Saw. It was later part of the revolt of Min Ye U-Zana in 1628, and was affected by political instability.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In 1679, when Minye Kyaw Htin made a list of towns and villages under his rule, Yindaw was listed as a kyeitsu (non-crown-service) town.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "During the Konbaung period, Yindaw served as a military outpost due to its location in a contested region. In the census roll of 1783, under king Badon, Yindaw was listed as having 521 athi (commoner) households and 491 crown service households (which included groups like horsemen from the Myin Zu Gyi, Myanmar Myin, and Shwe Pyi Yan Aung cavalry groups; and musketeers from the Nat Su group; as well as groups like the ngwei gun daw (silver tax collectors) as well as Muslims and Portuguese).",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Saltpetre was extracted at Yindaw during the Konbaung period, and then made into gunpowder. The town also lay on the main trade route from Meiktila to Pyawbwe during that time. Yindaw was the fiefdom of Yindaw Ma Lay, a court dancer during the reign of King Thibaw.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "In general, in the Konbaung period, Yindaw Township's highest-ranking official was the provincial governor (whose title was variously myoza, myowun, or myo-oat), who was responsible for presiding over civil and criminal cases, checking and standardising weights and measures, levying taxes, and also carrying out whatever orders came from the central authorities. Several governors are attested during the Konbaung period: the myoza Thiri Su Sandra Dewi in 1783, the myowun Maha Min Khaung Tha Manta Raza in 1866, the myo-oat Min Htin Thiha Kyaw Khaung in 1878, and the myoza Mingyi Thiri Maha Zeya Gamani in 1885.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Under the provincial governor was the town headman (myo thugyi) of Yindaw, and subordinate to the myo thugyi were the village headmen (thugyi) for the various villages in the township. Several myo thugyi are attested for Yindaw in the 1800s: Nga Kyaw San Hla in 1810, Ko Ohn Khaing in 1869, Shwe Taung Eindra Thura in 1878, and Nga Loke in 1880. Another unnamed myo thugyi is attested in 1838 as part of a dispute with the myo thugyi of Meiktila, when both headmen claimed the village of Shan De as part of their own jurisdiction.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "As of 1891, the entire township of Yindaw had a total population of 37,890.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "Before Yamethin District was created 1893, Yindaw was part of Meiktila District. With the creation of Yamethin District, Yindaw was split off from Meiktila to become one of three townships in Yamethin District, along with Pyawbwe and Yamethin. As of 1901, Yindaw Township's borders were with Meiktila District on the north, Magway Division on the west and south, and Pyawbwe Township on the east.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "At the turn of the 20th century, Yindaw was described as having two distinct parts, one of which was inhabited by descendants of people who had supposedly immigrated from India in 1708. They had supposedly originated as political refugees who had been followers of a Mughal crown prince who had fled to Arakan after his brother imprisoned their father \"Arlangiri\" and seized the throne. They were then allowed to settle in several places in Myanmar in groups of 7 families, in each case on a new designated site just outside a pre-existing town. Besides Yindaw, similar groups at several other towns: Taung-Ngu, Yamethin, Nyaungyan, Meiktila, Myedu, Ngayane, Kawthanthi, and Sibatbya.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "By 1910, Yindaw had been merged into Pyawbwe Township.",
"title": "History"
}
] | Yindaw is a small town and former township in Pyawbwe Township, Mandalay Region, Myanmar. It was historically the seat of a provincial governor. | 2023-12-15T04:12:55Z | 2023-12-26T18:24:51Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yindaw |
75,568,290 | Josiane Nunes | Josiane Nunes de Lima (born December 23, 1993) is a Brazilian female mixed martial artist who currently competes in the Ultimate Fighting Championship. A professional MMA fighter since 2013, she has competed in the Bantamweight and Featherweight divisions. As of November 21, 2023, she is ranked #14 in the UFC women's bantamweight rankings.
Nunes started her professional MMA career in 2013 and amassed a record of 7–1 prior to signing with the UFC.
Fairn was scheduled to face Zarah Fairn on April 17, 2021, at UFC on ESPN: Whittaker vs. Gastelum. Fairn weighed in at 147 pounds, eight pounds over the 139-pound catchweight limit. (The bantamweight fight was moved to a catchweight prior to the start of the weigh-ins.) The bout against Nunes was canceled due to the weight discrepancy after Nunes weighed in at 136 pounds.
Making her UFC debut, Nunes faced Bea Malecki at UFC on ESPN: Cannonier vs. Gastelum on August 21, 2021. She won the bout via knockout in round one. This win earned her a Performance of the Night award.
Nunes was scheduled to face Wu Yanan on February 26, 2022, at UFC Fight Night: Makhachev vs. Green. However, Wu was pulled from the fight for undisclosed reasons and she was replaced by promotional newcomer Jennifer Gonzalez. In turn, Gonzalez was released from UFC one week ahead of the event for undisclosed reasons (later revealed to be related to an USADA incident). She was replaced by promotional newcomer Ramona Pascual. Nunes won the bout by unanimous decision. In April 2022, she reached No. 8 in World Women's Featherweight rankings according to Fight Matrix.
The match between Nunes and Fairn was rescheduled for January 21, 2023, at UFC 283. She won the fight via unanimous decision. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Josiane Nunes de Lima (born December 23, 1993) is a Brazilian female mixed martial artist who currently competes in the Ultimate Fighting Championship. A professional MMA fighter since 2013, she has competed in the Bantamweight and Featherweight divisions. As of November 21, 2023, she is ranked #14 in the UFC women's bantamweight rankings.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "Nunes started her professional MMA career in 2013 and amassed a record of 7–1 prior to signing with the UFC.",
"title": "Mixed martial arts career"
},
{
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"text": "Fairn was scheduled to face Zarah Fairn on April 17, 2021, at UFC on ESPN: Whittaker vs. Gastelum. Fairn weighed in at 147 pounds, eight pounds over the 139-pound catchweight limit. (The bantamweight fight was moved to a catchweight prior to the start of the weigh-ins.) The bout against Nunes was canceled due to the weight discrepancy after Nunes weighed in at 136 pounds.",
"title": "Mixed martial arts career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Making her UFC debut, Nunes faced Bea Malecki at UFC on ESPN: Cannonier vs. Gastelum on August 21, 2021. She won the bout via knockout in round one. This win earned her a Performance of the Night award.",
"title": "Mixed martial arts career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Nunes was scheduled to face Wu Yanan on February 26, 2022, at UFC Fight Night: Makhachev vs. Green. However, Wu was pulled from the fight for undisclosed reasons and she was replaced by promotional newcomer Jennifer Gonzalez. In turn, Gonzalez was released from UFC one week ahead of the event for undisclosed reasons (later revealed to be related to an USADA incident). She was replaced by promotional newcomer Ramona Pascual. Nunes won the bout by unanimous decision. In April 2022, she reached No. 8 in World Women's Featherweight rankings according to Fight Matrix.",
"title": "Mixed martial arts career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The match between Nunes and Fairn was rescheduled for January 21, 2023, at UFC 283. She won the fight via unanimous decision.",
"title": "Mixed martial arts career"
}
] | Josiane Nunes de Lima is a Brazilian female mixed martial artist who currently competes in the Ultimate Fighting Championship. A professional MMA fighter since 2013, she has competed in the Bantamweight and Featherweight divisions. As of November 21, 2023, she is ranked #14 in the UFC women's bantamweight rankings. | 2023-12-15T04:13:12Z | 2023-12-22T04:38:17Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josiane_Nunes |
75,568,328 | 2024 Mississippi State Bulldogs football team | The 2024 Mississippi State Bulldogs football team will represent Mississippi State University in the Southeastern Conference (SEC) during the 2024 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Bulldogs will be led by first-year head coach Jeff Lebby. The team will play its home games at Davis Wade Stadium in Starkville, Mississippi.
Mississippi State and the SEC announced the 2024 football schedule on December 13, 2023. The 2023 Bulldogs' schedule consists of 7 home games and 4 away games for the regular season. Mississippi State will host four SEC conference opponents Arkansas, Florida, Missouri and Texas A&M at home and will travel to four SEC opponents, Georgia, Ole Miss (Egg Bowl), Tennessee and Texas to close out the SEC regular season on the road. The Bulldog's will have bye weeks that comes in week 6 and 12 (October 5 and November 16, respectively).
Texas is one of two new members of the SEC that will join in July 2024, the Bulldogs will play the Longhorns for the first since the 1998 season at the 1999 Cotton Bowl Classic. Mississippi State will travel to Austin, Texas for the first time since the 1992 season, which the Bulldogs won 28–10.
With the two new teams to the SEC (Oklahoma and Texas) and the conference dropping divisions in a new scheduling format, Mississippi State this season will not play notable SEC rivals for the first time in years; Alabama (1947), Auburn (1954), Kentucky (1989) and LSU (1943).
The 2024 season's out of conference opponents represent the Big 12, MAC and the United Athletic (UAC) conferences, along with an FBS independent team. The Bulldogs will host all three of their four non–conference games which are against Eastern Kentucky from the UAC, Toledo from the MAC, and UMass, whom is an FBS independent program. The Bulldogs will travel to Arizona State for the first time in program history on September 7, 2024. The three other nonconference teams that Mississippi State will face in 2024, are also first ever meetings in program history. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2024 Mississippi State Bulldogs football team will represent Mississippi State University in the Southeastern Conference (SEC) during the 2024 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Bulldogs will be led by first-year head coach Jeff Lebby. The team will play its home games at Davis Wade Stadium in Starkville, Mississippi.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Mississippi State and the SEC announced the 2024 football schedule on December 13, 2023. The 2023 Bulldogs' schedule consists of 7 home games and 4 away games for the regular season. Mississippi State will host four SEC conference opponents Arkansas, Florida, Missouri and Texas A&M at home and will travel to four SEC opponents, Georgia, Ole Miss (Egg Bowl), Tennessee and Texas to close out the SEC regular season on the road. The Bulldog's will have bye weeks that comes in week 6 and 12 (October 5 and November 16, respectively).",
"title": "Schedule"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Texas is one of two new members of the SEC that will join in July 2024, the Bulldogs will play the Longhorns for the first since the 1998 season at the 1999 Cotton Bowl Classic. Mississippi State will travel to Austin, Texas for the first time since the 1992 season, which the Bulldogs won 28–10.",
"title": "Schedule"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "With the two new teams to the SEC (Oklahoma and Texas) and the conference dropping divisions in a new scheduling format, Mississippi State this season will not play notable SEC rivals for the first time in years; Alabama (1947), Auburn (1954), Kentucky (1989) and LSU (1943).",
"title": "Schedule"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The 2024 season's out of conference opponents represent the Big 12, MAC and the United Athletic (UAC) conferences, along with an FBS independent team. The Bulldogs will host all three of their four non–conference games which are against Eastern Kentucky from the UAC, Toledo from the MAC, and UMass, whom is an FBS independent program. The Bulldogs will travel to Arizona State for the first time in program history on September 7, 2024. The three other nonconference teams that Mississippi State will face in 2024, are also first ever meetings in program history.",
"title": "Schedule"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "",
"title": "Schedule"
}
] | The 2024 Mississippi State Bulldogs football team will represent Mississippi State University in the Southeastern Conference (SEC) during the 2024 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Bulldogs will be led by first-year head coach Jeff Lebby. The team will play its home games at Davis Wade Stadium in Starkville, Mississippi. | 2023-12-15T04:21:48Z | 2023-12-17T20:58:44Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Mississippi_State_Bulldogs_football_team |
75,568,335 | Steel Lake | Steel Lake or Lake Steel or lakes named Steel, may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Steel Lake or Lake Steel or lakes named Steel, may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | Steel Lake or Lake Steel or lakes named Steel, may refer to: | 2023-12-15T04:24:32Z | 2023-12-16T20:02:22Z | [
"Template:Canned search",
"Template:Disambiguation",
"Template:TOCright"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steel_Lake |
75,568,357 | 2024 (song) | "2024" is a song by American rapper and singer Playboi Carti. It was released as a promotional track on December 14, 2023, exclusively on YouTube. It marks the second promotional single of Playboi Carti's upcoming third studio album, preceded by "Different Day", which was released a week before. The song was produced by Kanye West, Ojivolta, and Earl on the Beat.
Directed and edited by LouieKnows, the music video for "2024" was published exclusively to YouTube, amassing eight million views on its release date. The video shows Playboi Carti in a garage, at a gas station, in a convenience store, and in a recording studio with Kanye West and Wheezy. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "\"2024\" is a song by American rapper and singer Playboi Carti. It was released as a promotional track on December 14, 2023, exclusively on YouTube. It marks the second promotional single of Playboi Carti's upcoming third studio album, preceded by \"Different Day\", which was released a week before. The song was produced by Kanye West, Ojivolta, and Earl on the Beat.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Directed and edited by LouieKnows, the music video for \"2024\" was published exclusively to YouTube, amassing eight million views on its release date. The video shows Playboi Carti in a garage, at a gas station, in a convenience store, and in a recording studio with Kanye West and Wheezy.",
"title": "Music video"
}
] | "2024" is a song by American rapper and singer Playboi Carti. It was released as a promotional track on December 14, 2023, exclusively on YouTube. It marks the second promotional single of Playboi Carti's upcoming third studio album, preceded by "Different Day", which was released a week before. The song was produced by Kanye West, Ojivolta, and Earl on the Beat. | 2023-12-15T04:29:51Z | 2023-12-29T13:43:40Z | [
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75,568,362 | 2024 (Playboi Carti song) | [] | 2023-12-15T04:31:52Z | 2023-12-19T15:55:53Z | [
"Template:Rcat shell"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_(Playboi_Carti_song) |
||
75,568,364 | Rusty (Bluey) | Rusty is a fictional character who is one of the recurring protagonists of the Australian preschool animated television series Bluey, created by Joe Brumm. He is a best friend of Jack Russell, Indy and Bluey and is one of the more adventurous kids at school.
Rusty is one of Bluey's friends. He is the son and middle child to his father and mother, and a sibling to Digger and Dusty. His dad is currently in the army; as such, Rusty himself enjoys playing army with his best friend, Jack Russell. Alongside Jack, MacKenzie and Bluey, one of his frequent playmates is Indy. Rusty is also an experienced cricket player, having played it a lot; when he is older, he plays for the Australian national Test cricket team.
Rusty is an adventurous boy who is understanding of others. He is approachable and easy to get along, but he can sometimes get into disagreements about games. He is also rather sporty, using his free time to get better at cricket or do some karate.
In the show's early development, Rusty was originally going to be the main protagonist, though Bluey quickly was chosen to be the main protagonist by the time the first pilot was finished. Rusty being one of the first characters created also explains why he is seen in the 2nd pilot's intro, but most other side-characters aren't. Many fans consider him to be a male counterpart (having the exact same design as her disregarding the tail, but with a completely different colour scheme). At one point, the official website stated Rusty was one of Bluey's cousins. But for whatever reason, the description was changed to Rusty being one of Bluey's friends instead. It has since been debated on if Rusty and Bluey being cousins is true or not. Rusty is named after Joe Brumm's favourite childhood dog, also a red kelpie https://twitter.com/Einsamkeitus/status/1598892778586804224?s=20&t=WDm_yTx_lIH8YQ8c7TlfBQ. According to the official website, he rides a motorbike, though this yet to be seen on-screen in the show. This tidbit does not appear in the overhauled version of the website, but is hinted in "Wild Girls". His mother made her physical debut in Explorers. He enjoys playing cricket and is shown to be very skilled at it, as shown in Cricket.
Character biography on official website | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Rusty is a fictional character who is one of the recurring protagonists of the Australian preschool animated television series Bluey, created by Joe Brumm. He is a best friend of Jack Russell, Indy and Bluey and is one of the more adventurous kids at school.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Rusty is one of Bluey's friends. He is the son and middle child to his father and mother, and a sibling to Digger and Dusty. His dad is currently in the army; as such, Rusty himself enjoys playing army with his best friend, Jack Russell. Alongside Jack, MacKenzie and Bluey, one of his frequent playmates is Indy. Rusty is also an experienced cricket player, having played it a lot; when he is older, he plays for the Australian national Test cricket team.",
"title": "Character biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Rusty is an adventurous boy who is understanding of others. He is approachable and easy to get along, but he can sometimes get into disagreements about games. He is also rather sporty, using his free time to get better at cricket or do some karate.",
"title": "Character highlights"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In the show's early development, Rusty was originally going to be the main protagonist, though Bluey quickly was chosen to be the main protagonist by the time the first pilot was finished. Rusty being one of the first characters created also explains why he is seen in the 2nd pilot's intro, but most other side-characters aren't. Many fans consider him to be a male counterpart (having the exact same design as her disregarding the tail, but with a completely different colour scheme). At one point, the official website stated Rusty was one of Bluey's cousins. But for whatever reason, the description was changed to Rusty being one of Bluey's friends instead. It has since been debated on if Rusty and Bluey being cousins is true or not. Rusty is named after Joe Brumm's favourite childhood dog, also a red kelpie https://twitter.com/Einsamkeitus/status/1598892778586804224?s=20&t=WDm_yTx_lIH8YQ8c7TlfBQ. According to the official website, he rides a motorbike, though this yet to be seen on-screen in the show. This tidbit does not appear in the overhauled version of the website, but is hinted in \"Wild Girls\". His mother made her physical debut in Explorers. He enjoys playing cricket and is shown to be very skilled at it, as shown in Cricket.",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Character biography on official website",
"title": "External links"
}
] | Rusty is a fictional character who is one of the recurring protagonists of the Australian preschool animated television series Bluey, created by Joe Brumm. He is a best friend of Jack Russell, Indy and Bluey and is one of the more adventurous kids at school. | 2023-12-15T04:31:58Z | 2023-12-15T08:06:42Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusty_(Bluey) |
75,568,384 | Judo Bundesliga | #REDIRECT [[Austrian Judo Federation#National League]] | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "#REDIRECT [[Austrian Judo Federation#National League]]",
"title": ""
}
] | #REDIRECT [[Austrian Judo Federation#National League]] | 2023-12-15T04:36:00Z | 2023-12-15T04:36:00Z | [] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judo_Bundesliga |
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