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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Gerald Luss House, a Modernist home in Ossining, New York, designed by American architect Gerald Luss in 1955, is a wood and glass structure that harmonizes with its woodland surroundings. Renowned for its cantilevered design, the house represents Luss's significant contributions to architecture and design, often overshadowed due to his focus on corporate interiors. Luss, renowned for his work on Manhattan's Time & Life Building, has recently been reassessed as central to American design following the use of his interiors as a set for the television series Mad Men . The Luss House integrated environmental harmony and design order into the home, featuring custom steel frames with glass infills and efficient air distribution systems, notably reflecting Luss's blending of professional and personal aesthetics.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Partial general elections were held in the Faroe Islands in 1905 to elect nine of the eighteen elected members of the Løgting. The Danish administrator (Amtmaður) and the local dean (Próstur) were also members, with the administrator serving as the speaker.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Members of the Løgting were elected by first-past-the-post voting, with voters having as many votes as there were seats available in their constituency. Nine of the 18 seats were elected every two years. Voting was restricted to men aged 25 or over who met certain tax-paying criteria.", "title": "Electoral system" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The College of Liberal & Creative Arts at San Francisco State University is the largest of the university's seven colleges.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The college offers 34 majors, 51 minors, 23 master's degrees, 10 undergraduate certificates, and 6 graduate certificates.", "title": "Programs" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The college is organized into six schools and 15 departments.", "title": "Schools and Departments" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The men's 72 kg competition of the powerlifting events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 18 at the Chimkowe Gym in Santiago, Chile.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Prior to this competition, the existing world and Pan American Games records were as follows:", "title": "Records" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The results were as follows:", "title": "Results" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Following is a list of notable alumni of the University of Pittsburgh School of Law.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Matthias Ciappara is a Maltese rapper, songwriter, and visual artist. He is the frontman of experimental hip hop group Dying Echoes.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Flight Lieutenant Yunus Hussain SJ (یونس حسین; 1 June 1935 — 6 September 1965) was a Pakistan Air Force officer who shot down 2 Hawker Hunters, one being flown by F/O AR Gandhi of the Indian Air Force over Halwara. Shortly after, Yunus was shot down in the same area by F/L Vinod Neb after making a mistake by turning to the left into Nebs range. 16:25 18:10 20:26-21:07 He is considered one of the greatest war heroes of Pakistan during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. In the book Sentinels in the Sky, it is mentioned that Yunus Hussain received the \"green endorsement\" award twice from C-in-C Pakistan Air Force Asghar Khan. This recognition was in honor of his intense passion for flying, which led him to achieve the fastest 500 and then 1000 flying hours in the PAF. The Tempest House at the PAF College Sargodha was renamed to Yunus House in 1967 and again on 26 March 2015 in his honour.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In a December 2020 podcast, former Air Commodore Sajad Haider said that Kaiser Tufail falsely told the Indian Air Force to credit Cecil Chaudhry instead of Yunus for Gandhis plane getting shot down. Sajad's Indian counterpart Pushpinder Singh Chopra, confirmed that Yunus had originally been credited before Kaiser Tufail had came to him. When Sajad questioned Kaiser Tufail on the lie, he said he wanted Cecil to be credited because Cecil was his senior. Sajad also added that Cecil Chaudhry had been lying his whole life and claiming Yunus' success for his own for 40 years. Further stating that the lie was concoted in order to glorify Sargodha pilots.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Yunus was born on 1 June 1935 in Panipat, British Raj 18 years after the marriage of his father, Khawaja Yusuf Hussain, a businessman. The only child of his parents, Yunus had a very modest upbringing due to the families weak financial position. The early days of his life were stories of hardships and struggle for acquiring the basic of amenities of life, in particular education.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "His family moved to Jhang after the Partition of British India. He was enrolled into the Government High School Jhang City where he did his Matriculation examination. Afterwards, he did his FSc from Multan. He wasn't able to continue further education and was forced to take a job in Lahore which during the early years he was restless and dissatisfied with his job. He eventually ended up at the PAF Selection Centre in Lahore but was rejected for being overage.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Yunus was known for being tall and handsome. He married Surayya Jabeen in 1961, she was the sister of Mushaf Ali Mir and oldest daughter of the Kashmiri family from Lahore. Their first child Sajad was born in 1962 and Fawad on 22 August 1965. Fawad was 15 days old when his father lost his life.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In their father's footsteps they both joined the Pakistan Air Force. Sajad Yunus Hussain became an Air Defence Controller and retired as an Air Commodore. Fawad Yunus Hussain SI(M) joined as an Aeronautical Engineer and retired as an Air Vice Marshal.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "[[File:Pakistani F-86F (31125).jpg|thumb|right|200px|An F-86 similar to the one Yunus crashed in As tensions grew between Pakistan and India, the Pakistan Air Force began asking for volunteers under slightly relaxed rules. Yunus Hussain once again applied and this time he was successful and joined the RPAF College in 1956.", "title": "Pakistan Air Force career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "He was known as a brilliant and hardworking student. Due to his outstanding performance during training, he eventually became the Squadron Under Officer in his last year at PAF Academy. He was commissioned on 25 June 1958 as part of the 26 GD(P) course.", "title": "Pakistan Air Force career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Yunus participated in the skirmishes of the Dir-Bajaur Campaign in 1960-62 for which he was awarded the Tamgha-e-Diffa.", "title": "Bajaur Campaign" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "At 1715 hours, Sarfaraz Ahmed Rafiqui led a formation of 3 F-86 Sabres with Yunus Hussain as his No. 2 and Cecil Chaudhry as No. 3. The formation took off from PAF Base Sargodha heading towards Halwara. On the way there, they met up with MM Alams formation who was returning from an aborted raid on the Indian Air Force Adampur Air Force Station. Alam informed them about his enounter with four Indian Hawker Hunters over Tarn Taran (Alam had shot down one of them, while the rest managed to escape). Rafiqui's formation continued on and reached the Halwara base in the evening, where the remaining three Hawker Hunters were taxiing after landing. Just as Rafiqui was positioning himself for a strafing run, two IAF Hunters (flown by F/O P.S. Pingale and A. R. Gandhi) on Combat Air Patrol intercepted his formation. Cecil Chaudhry fled back to base leaving Rafiquis tail exposed and Yunus alone. Rafiqui quickly aborted his strafing run and engaged Pingale. He manoeuvered behind the Hunter and shot it down. Yunus shot A.R. Gandhi destroying his Hawker Hunter but Gandhi ejected and landed on the outskirts of Halwara. After this, Vinod Neb shot down Yunus Hussain after Yunus mistakenly turned to the left.", "title": "1965 war and death" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "The Sitara-e-Jurat citation reads:", "title": "Sitara-e-Jurat" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Flt Lt Yunus fought in air battle over enemy territory aggressively, fearlessly and with great professional skill. On 6 Sep while attacking Halwara airfield, a large number of enemy aircraft intercepted his small formation. He fought them with exceptional gallantry exceeding all limits and in the process shot down two Hunters. Although his aircraft was hit, he refused to break off engagement in complete disregard to his personal safety. He became a symbol of courage and professional ability for the other pilots. For his valour, professional skill and devotion to duty; he is awarded SJ.", "title": "Sitara-e-Jurat" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Junior Statesman, commonly known as JS, was an Indian youth magazine that ran from 1967 to 1977. It was based in West Bengal, India.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "JS was founded by Alfred Evan Charlton, the last British editor of The Statesman newspaper. JS initially served as a platform to engage young readers with the parent publication. The magazine underwent a transformation under Desmond Doig, an Anglo-Irish journalist, diverging from its initial child-focused concept to a broader youth audience, targeting individuals aged 15 to 25 from urban, English-speaking, middle and upper-class backgrounds.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Published in a politically tumultuous era in Kolkata, JS filled a niche in the Indian media landscape, lacking in youth-specific publications. Its content spanned music reviews, notably of Western genres, alongside diverse features like crosswords, comics, and columns. Notable sections included \"Disc-Cussion\" and \"Rear Window\", with the latter tactfully navigating censorship during the Emergency period by substituting restricted vocabulary.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "JS mirrored global cultural trends while simultaneously contributing to the development of a unique Indian youth culture. Its influence extended to fashion and lifestyle, popularizing Western trends among Indian youths. The magazine's staff was predominantly male, but it also featured contributions from female writers. Over its decade-long run, JS played a significant role in shaping the perceptions and tastes of urban Indian youth, marking a transition in the country's cultural landscape.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "In 2010, the Pittsburgh Pirates unveiled a 14-foot, 2,000-pound statue of Baseball Hall of Fame second baseman Bill Mazeroski, commemorating the 50th anniversary of his walk-off home run in Game 7 of the 1960 World Series, one of the most iconic moments in baseball and sports history.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The statue, designed by artist Susan Wagner, stands outside PNC Park's right field gate. It depicts Mazeroski rounding second base, jumping for joy with his batting helmet in his right hand, after hitting the game-winning home run. Wagner modeled it after a photograph taken by James Klingensmith of the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Behind the sculpture is a small section of the original Forbes Field wall, over which Mazeroski homered that day.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Next to the statue is a small marker describing the walk-off home run which took place on October 13, 1960:", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "On October 13, 1960, Pirates second baseman William Stanley Mazeroski was the batter in the bottom of the 9th inning of Game 7 of the World Series at Forbes Field. The Pittsburgh Pirates were still battling the New York Yankees and the Series was tied at three games apiece. The score was tied 9-9. There were no outs with no one on base when Mazeroski stepped to the plate. On a 1-0 pitch at 3:36 p.m., Maz hit the only walk-off home run in Game 7 to win a World Series with a blast over the 406-foot sign on the outfield wall. This statue captures the moment when Bill Mazeroski rounded second base in celebration of one of the greatest moments in Pittsburgh sports history.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023 Southern Miss Golden Eagles baseball team represented University of Southern Mississippi during the 2023 NCAA Division I baseball season. The Golden Eagles played their home games at Pete Taylor Park and were led by fourteenth year head coach Scott Berry. This was their first year in the Sun Belt Conference, and the last season with legendary coach Scott Berry as head coach before his retirement during the offseason.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "*Rankings are based on the team's current ranking in the D1Baseball poll.", "title": "Schedule and results" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Australian and Other Verses is a collection of poetry by the Scottish-Australian writer Will H. Ogilvie, published by Angus and Robertson, in 1916. The collection includes two illustrated plates by Hal Gye.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The collection consists of 81 poems from a variety of sources. The first edition notes: \"The verses from which this volume takes its title — The Australian — first appeared in London Punch. Other pieces have appeared in the Spectator, Bulletin, Lone Hand, Pall Mall Magazine, Glasgow Herald, Westminster Gazette, British Australasian and Scotsman. My thanks are due to the Proprietors for permission to reprint.\"", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "A writer in The Daily Telegraph (Sydney) noted: \"Many Australians who admire Will Oglivie's lilting ballads of the fair girls and brave horses of the bush will be glad to have another volume from him. The Australian and Other Verses contains a number of tributes to, the bushman and the horse, besides some tender poems of children and some stirring lines evoked by the war. The best of the war verses is that which gives its name to the book.\"", "title": "Critical reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The reviewer of the collection in The Sydney Morning Herald admired the book: \"Not all the contents of The Australian, Mr. Will Ogilvie's latest volume of poems, are new. Some of the best verses, such as 'The Riding Camel,' 'The Team Bullock,' and 'The Outlaw,' were published in a collection that appeared three or four years ago. Of the rest the most effective are those inspired by the war. Mr. Ogilvie's Scottish ancestry and his Australian associations make him single out for special attention the Highlanders and the Anzacs, and he celebrates their martial exploits in stirring, spirited strains, which. If they are not perhaps the rarified essence of poetry, are, at any rate, excellent verse.\"", "title": "Critical reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "After the initial publication of the collection by Angus and Robertson in 1916, it was reissued as follows:", "title": "Publication history" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Charles Coudert (1795-1879), was a member of the Guard of Honor in Napoleon’s Army during the Napoleonic Wars. In 1821, he conspired to make the son of Napoleon king of France in place of Louis XVIII, was captured and sentenced to death. With the aid of his older brother Eugène, and the influential Madame Recamier, Coudert obtained a conseil de révision, a reprieve, escaping prison and fleeing France. He moved to New York in 1824, with 200 francs to his name, and found work teaching French and horsemanship, eventually opened a French school, married Jeanne Clarisse du Champ (1809-1845) and had a daughter and three sons, Frederic René, Charles Jr. and Louis Léonce, who together founded the law practice Coudert Brothers. His son Frederic René helped bring Bartholdi's Statue of Liberty to New York and spoke at the 1876b dedication of the same artist's portrait of Lafayette in Union Square Park in 1876. His great-grandson Frederic R. Coudert was a member of the United States House of Representatives from New York.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Lam Family College of Business at San Francisco State University is the one of the university's seven colleges.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The college operates at the university's main campus and downtown campus.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 2019, the after a gift of $25 million from Chris Larsen and his wife, Lyna Lam, \"Lam Family\" was added to the college's name. The name was recommended by Larsen in honor of his wife's family, especially his father-in-law, Quang Lam.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The college offers four bachelor's degree programs. The Bachelor of Science in Business Administration is offered by the SFSU's College of Professional and Global Education.", "title": "Programs" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The college also offers three blended Bachelor's and Master's degree programs, in Accounting, Decision sciences, and Economics.", "title": "Programs" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Six Master's degree programs, two undergraduate certificate programs, and 10 graduate certificate programs are also offered.", "title": "Programs" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "There are 10 departments housing within the college.", "title": "Departments" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Godfrey Noel Richards Morgan (19 January 1890 – 27 November 1957) was an English first-class cricketer and an officer in the British Indian Army.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The son of W. Morgan, he was born at Stafford in January 1890. He was educated at Uppingham School, Morgan served in the British Indian Army, being commissioned as a second lieutenant in June 1912. He served in the First World War, during which he was promoted to lieutenant in April 1917. Morgan later played first-class cricket in India for the Europeans cricket team against the touring Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) at Karachi in October 1926. In the MCC first innings, he took the wickets of Bob Wyatt, Guy Earle, and Raleigh Chichester-Constable for the cost of 65 runs. Batting once from number eleven in the Europeans only innings, he was dismissed without scoring by Maurice Tate.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Morgan was married to Rosamond Margaret Millbank Wyer at Christ Church in Lancaster Gate in 1925. He later died at Folkestone in November 1957.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Ljubov Manz-Lurje (Russian: Любовь Манц Лурье née Lurje; born 1940) is a Ukrainian-born Swiss businesswoman who is primarily known for being the controlling shareholder of Manz Privacy Hotels in Switzerland. She is a Russian and Swiss dual citizen.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Manz relocated to Switzerland around 1968 according to different sources either due to her first husband who was a fishmonger (she was often referred to as oyster salesperson) but to her own reference she studied in Zurich. On 14 August 1974, she married recently widowed Caspar E. Manz (1923-2010), a well-known and wealthy hotelier from Zurich, with whom she had two sons, twins Alexander and and Michael (born 1980).", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "On 15 August 2014, Manz married Dr. Marco Conte (born 1972), at the town hall of Zollikon near Zurich.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Nelson Rubén Torres Flores (born 19 June 1944) is a Chilean former football player and manager who played as a winger for clubs in Chile and Mexico.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Torres came to the Green Cross youth system after a trial in front of the coach Dante Pesce in 1961. As a member of the team, he won the 1962 national youth championship alongside players such as Leopoldo Vallejos, Juan Rodríguez Vega, Juan Carlos Gangas, among others. He signed his first professional contract the same year and made his professional debut in a match against Universidad de Chile, facing his cousin Alfonso Sepúlveda, who helped him inside the field.", "title": "Club career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "After making two appearances for Green Cross in 1962, he switched to Palestino the same year. He stayed with them until 1971 with a season on loan to Green Cross in 1964.", "title": "Club career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "After Palestino was relegated to the 1971 Segunda División de Chile, he moved to Mexico in the middle of 1971 and signed with Toluca, where he coincided with his teammate in Palestino, Carlos Valenzuela.", "title": "Club career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Back in Chile, he joined Unión Española in 1974.", "title": "Club career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "As a youth player, he was a member of a preliminary squad in the context of preparations for the 1964 South American U20 Championship.", "title": "International career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "At senior level, he made four appearances for the Chile national team between 1966 and 1968.", "title": "International career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "He is the cousin of the also Chile international footballer, Alfonso Sepúlveda, died in 2021. In addition, his older brother, Jorge, played for Universidad de Chile and Palestino and his cousin, José Failla Torres, played for Ferrobádminton. Another relatives played football at different levels: his younger brothers Hugo and Rodi and his cousin Sergio Torres.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "As a student, he attended both the Andrés Bello and the Miguel Luis Amunátegui high schools.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "In June 2022, he was honored as a historical player of Green Cross.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This page details the match results and statistics of the New Zealand men's national under-23 football team from 1992 until 2019.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "New Zealand's score is shown first in each case.", "title": "A-International results" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Roberto Artemio Gramajo (28 July 1947 – 1 July 2023) was an Argentinian football player. Nicknamed \"Chango\", he played as a forward primarily throughout the 1970s with his most notable participation being with Rosario Central, Panathinaikos and Huracán. He also briefly played for Argentina to be listed in the Brazil Independence Cup roster despite not traveling with the team.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Gramajo began his career when he was fifteen years old with Central Argentino de La Banda. Despite just turning sixteen, he would be a starting player within his home province of Santiago del Estero. As an adolescent he would be a starting player within his club, but had disciplinary problems and had issues with all the demands placed on him. He would begin his senior career by signing on for Rosario Central after a 4,750,000 Argentine peso transfer. Arriving at Rosario in 1967, he would only play in one match within the third before playing from the reserves for the rest of the year. He made his debut within the Argentine Primera División at the 1967 Campeonato Nacional against Platense in a 3–0 victory at the Estadio Marcelo Bielsa.", "title": "Club career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "He then gained an opportunity to become a starting player as in his prior match, Gramajo would be the substitute for Enzo Gennoni [es] who had recently been removed from the starting line-up. He would score his first goal within the club in his second match against River Plate at the Estadio Monumental despite the team losing 2–3 in the match. Due to his physical status not being the ideal to appear as a starter and would return to the reserves to play as a substitute. His second season with Rosario Central came in the 1968 Campeonato Metropolitano and would score 11 goals in the tournament, becoming the top-scorer for Rosario Central. During the 1968 Campeonato Metropolitano, he would participate in nine matches, scoring two goals in the process.", "title": "Club career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 1969, Rosario Central would only participate in the 1969 Campeonato Metropolitano, scoring just one goal in the tournament. Gramajo would have a better season during the 1970 Campeonato Metropolitano, playing in nineteen matches and scoring nine goals with an additional thirteen matches during the 1970 Campeonato Nacional. Gramajo recalls an unforgettable night on 2 October 1970 during a match against Independiente at the Estadio Presidente Perón where the match would end 5–3 with the match being televised. Another match he would remember from the season would be the annual Rosario derby against Newell's Old Boys where Central would win 4–1 at the Estadio Marcelo Bielsa. When recalling the chronology of the match, he would partake in a gambit against Carlos Fenoy and would have the ball cross the goal line barley half a meter. With the same movement and pacing, he would aim with his right hand and scored a goal, being described as a waiter carrying a tray.", "title": "Club career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "During the 1971 Campeonato Metropolitano, he would play in 32 matches and score 5 goals. Following the club's qualification to the 1971 Copa Libertadores, he would play in four matches and would score a goal during Rosario Central's match against Sporting Cristal. During the Metropolitano Championship on August 22, 1971, he would observe the 2–1 defeat against Racing, taking particular note on the movements and penalty kick of Juan Carlos Cárdenas after their two goalkeepers were expulsed from the match. Afterwards, Gramajo would execute 14 penalties while with Rosario Central of which he converted 10, 2 were detoured and only two were stopped with a similar scenario occurring with Miguel Ángel Santoro during the 1970 Campeonato Nacional. Gramajo would play as a right-winger during the 1971 Campeonato Nacional where he would be part of the winning team along with players such as Ramón Bóveda and Aldo Poy and play in 13 matches with 7 goals.", "title": "Club career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "His last season with Rosario Central would occur during the 1972 Campeonato Metropolitano where he would score three goals. During the subsequent 1972 Copa Libertadores, he would score the winning goal against Atlético Nacional in a 1–0 victory. In total, Gramajo would play in 160 matches and score 57 goals for Rosario Central. He would also play in 16 editions of the Rosario derby and would only lose one with the rest being five wins and ten draws. He would score five goals against the Rojinegros with one against Jorge Traverso in the 1969 edition and the other four against Carlos Fenoy with two during the 1970 Campeonato Metropolitano in a 1–1 draw and 3–1 victory as well as an additional two during a 4–1 victory at the Campeonato Nacional with one of them being a penalty kick.", "title": "Club career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In 1972, Gramajo would be transferred to the Greek club Panathinaikos. His career there however wasn't as prominent as in within his career in Rosario Central as he would only play in 9 matches and scored 2 goals during the 1972–73 season and the 1973–74 season. His relationship with the club's manager, Ferenc Puskás wasn't great either and Gramajo decided to return to Argentina. He would attempt to return to Rosario Central but the club had already decided on making Mario Kempes his successor as the club's main midfielder.", "title": "Club career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In 1974, Gramajo decided to play for Club Atlético Huracán upon the request of the club's manager, César Luis Menotti. While within the club, he would be part of the Huracán squad to reach runners-up during the 1975 Campeonato Metropolitano. In 1976, he would transfer over to Quilmes where he would play in 10 matches and score 3 goals. In 1977, he would play in Ecuador as he was signed over to play for Deportivo Cuenca where he would play in the 1977 Copa Libertadores. In 1978, he would return to Argentina again to play for Club Jorge Newbery de Ucacha with his final season playing for Atlético Olimpo Asociación Mutual [es] in 1987.", "title": "Club career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "He would play for the Argentina national football team in a friendly against France on 8 January 1971 at La Bombonera. The match would end in a 4–3 victory for the French with Gramajo being substituted for Ángel Marcos during the second half of the match. The team would be managed by Juan José Pizzuti and Gramajo would play alongside other players such as Norberto Madurga, Roberto Perfumo, Juan Ramón Verón, Jorge Carrascosa, Alfredo Obberti and others. He would also be listed for the Brazil Independence Cup but Gramajo would ultimately not travel with the rest of the team.", "title": "International career" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Gramajo would pass away on 1 July 2023.", "title": "International career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Rebecca Rodgers (born June 20, 2000 in Ventura, California) is an American curler originally from Leyden, Massachusetts, now living in Minneapolis, Minnesota. She currently plays lead on Team Delaney Strouse. She won the 2020 United States Junior Curling Championships and represented the U.S. at the 2023 Winter World University Games.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "After skipping during most of her U18 career, Rodgers joined the new Beth Podoll rink at lead for the 2017–18 season. The team, with third Emily Quello and second Susan Dudt finished 7–2 through the round robin at the 2018 United States Junior Curling Championships, enough to earn them a spot in the 1 vs. 2 game. They then lost 7–5 to Madison Bear before dropping the semifinal 6–5 to Abbey Kitchens, eliminating them from contention. Later that season, the team had enough points to qualify for the 2018 United States Women's Curling Championship, Rodgers' first national women's championship. They finished in fifth place out of the eight competing teams with a 3–4 record. In her final year of U18 eligibility, Rodgers teamed up with Dudt, Anna Cenzalli and Sydney Mullaney for the 2018 United States U18 Curling Championships. After an undefeated round robin record and semifinal victory, they lost to Leah Yavarow 8–4 in the final. Also during the 2017–18 season, Rodgers partnered with Charlie Thompson for the 2018 United States Mixed Doubles Curling Championship, finishing 2–3 through the round robin.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The next season, Rodgers, Dudt and Quello joined forces with a new skip Ariel Traxler. At juniors, the team again finished third after a semifinal loss to Cait Flannery. They also qualified again for the 2019 United States Women's Curling Championship where they finished in sixth place with a 2–5 record.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "For the 2019–20 season, Rodgers and Dudt added Sydney Mullaney and Delaney Strouse to form a new junior team. Playing lead on the team skipped by Dudt, they reached the semifinals of the St. Paul Cash Spiel and represented the U.S. at the 2019 Changan Ford International Curling Elite where they finished 0–7. In the new year, Strouse took over skipping duties on the team with Dudt moving down to second. The change paid off as the team won the 2020 United States Junior Curling Championships, winning 9–8 in the final against Alaska's Cora Farrell. This qualified them to represent the States at the 2021 World Junior Curling Championships, however, the event was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. They ended their season by playing in the 2020 United States Women's Curling Championship where they finished 2–5 through the round robin.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The following season, Leah Yavarow joined the team at third, shifting Mullaney down to second and Dudt to alternate. Despite the limited number of events due to the pandemic, Team Strouse won the lone tour event they played in, the contender round of the US Open of Curling. They also played in the 2021 United States Women's Curling Championship which was held in a bio-secure bubble at the Wausau Curling Club in Wausau, Wisconsin in May 2021. They finished with a 2–4 record, not advancing to the playoffs. Rodgers also played in the bubble for the 2021 United States Mixed Doubles Curling Championship with Daniel Casper where they went 1–4.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Team Strouse began the 2021–22 season by capturing a second U.S. junior title, going undefeated to win the event. Rodgers was too old to compete, however, and was replaced by alternate Dudt for the event. They also earned qualification into the 2021 United States Olympic Curling Trials by winning the Mayfield qualifying event, beating Christine McMakin in the final qualifier. Before the Trials, Leah Yavarow was replaced on the team by Anne O'Hara who became the team's new third. At the Trials, they finished tied for fifth with a 3–7 record. At the end of the season, Rodgers teamed up with Samuel Crouse at the 2022 United States Mixed Doubles Curling Championship, failing to reach the playoffs.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The Strouse rink found major success during the 2022–23 season, beginning at the US Open of Curling where they had an undefeated run until the final where they were defeated by Ha Seung-youn. They also qualified for the playoffs in their next event, the 2022 Stu Sells Toronto Tankard, before falling in the quarterfinals to Lauren Mann. The team next played in the playdowns for the 2023 Winter World University Games where they won all four of their games to win the event. Back on tour, they had four more playoff appearances, reaching three quarterfinals and one semifinal at the Curling Stadium Contender Series. In the new year, the team represented the U.S. on home soil at the 2023 Winter World University Games in Saranac Lake, New York. The team was dominant through the round robin, with Strouse, O'Hara, Mullaney, Rodgers and Dudt securing an 8–1 record, finishing just behind Korea's Ha Seung-youn who was their sole loss. In the semifinals, they met China's Han Yu where they suffered a narrow 6–5 loss. They would claim the bronze medal after a 7–3 win against Great Britain's Fay Henderson. Continuing their momentum from the season, Team Strouse finished 6–1 through the round robin at the 2023 United States Women's Curling Championship. In the 1 vs. 2 game, they faced the top ranked Tabitha Peterson rink where they gave up four in the tenth end to lose 11–10. They rebounded by beating Sarah Anderson 9–4 in the semifinal. They could not take revenge on Peterson in the final, however, dropping the game 8–5 and settling for the silver medal.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Rodgers studied ecology and environmental biology at the University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire. She previously attended Pioneer Valley Regional School.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023–24 season is Giresunspor's 99th season in existence and first one back in the TFF First League, the second division of Turkish football. They will also compete in the Turkish Cup.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Win Draw Loss Fixtures", "title": "Pre-season and friendlies" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Last updated: August 2023 Source: Soccerway", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Last updated: August 2023. Source:", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The league fixtures were unveiled on 19 July 2023.", "title": "Competitions" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Good Scout is an American animated short film produced by Ub Iwerks and featuring Willie Whopper. It has a copyright date of September 1, 1934.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "At Boy Scout Headquarters, a troop leader blows a bugle call summoning his charges to discuss their daily good turns. The boys line up, Willie's turn coming after his Cantonese- and Yiddish-speaking comrades deliver their incomprehensible tales. Willie narrates his derring-do:", "title": "Summary" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Clad in a sailor suit, young Willie saves a dog from a cruel prank by severing some tin cans that have been tied to his tail by a string; several other dogs with the same problem follow at the first's direction, but Willie must dash off to help a poor waif whose newspapers have been stolen by a bruiser in a beret. Willie steps between the two and commands the bully to let the lad alone. The big fellow cries after Willie punches him in the face and takes back the papers, but the scrawny victim, now sympathizing with his old tormentor, punches Willie into the street and walks off hand-in-hand with the battered brute.", "title": "Summary" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "A lady in a white gown cautiously foots a mud puddle as she considers crossing the street; Willie chivalrously lays his jacket over the puddle for the lady, but as she steps down she is instantly engulfed in mud as if by the sea. An incredulous Willie helps the lady out of the mess, and she, brandishing her umbrella, chases him off, Willie grasping the spare tire on the back of a speeding car to get away. Posters advertising a $5,000 reward for the return of the kidnapped Mary fly into the air as the careless driver plows into a trash can abandoned by a street cleaner who flees the car by diving down the sewer. Mary is tied up in the back of the car, and Willie, having looked over the poster and begged silent confirmation from the damsel of her identity, attempts to board the vehicle, but as he tries to step onto the spare tire, it detaches from the car and leaves the scout flailing atop the rubber as it rolls rapidly down the road after the perpetrator & his prey (and over the face of an old man who emerges from another sewer grate!) The villain pulls up to an apartment building and enters with Mary in his arms; Willie tries to steer his wheel, but loses control as it crashes into and bursts a fire hydrant, whose consequent surge shoots Willie up some dozen flights to the flagpole on the building's roof. Willie hangs on for dear life as the pole inclines over the precipice; now it bends down, down, and Willie grasps the pole's rope, which descends just so that he can see within the apartment where the evildoer terrorizes the young lady. Willie, kicking off from the windowsill, swings away and swings back again, kicking the cur away from the girl. Mary rescues Willie from a fall, and he storms in furiously to finish his business. Charging Willie grasps a hanging lamp, and swings again feet forward at his foe, who dazed but an instant lunges at Willie just as the boy-pendulum reaches too high for the villain's grasp, which is now perforce for the open window and Willie's perilous rope. Our hero works the pulley such that the defeated dastard must dangle from the roof! Willie and Mary eye each other amorously as the scout ends his tale, and the scout master gives Willie a medal for his fantastic lie.", "title": "Summary" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "As Willie waits on line to speak to the scout master, Bosko, the trademark character of Harman and Ising, waits behind him. Steve Stanchfield explains this as an anticipation of that duo's 1934 replacement of the Iwerks Studio as MGM's cartoon producer.", "title": "Cameo by Bosko" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "LHS 3154 b is a Neptune-sized exoplanet orbiting the red dwarf LHS 3154. It is located about 50 light-years from Earth, in the constellation of Hercules. As it is a massive planet that orbits very close to a low-mass star, it is challenging current models about exoplanet formation,, as it would require 10 times more mass than there was in the protoplanetary disk where the planet formed.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "LHS 3154 b is a Neptune-like exoplanet with a minimum mass is 13.2 MEarth and a estimated radius of 3.65 R🜨. It orbits its parent star at a distance of 0.02262 astronomical units (3,384,000 km), and completes one revolution every 3 days and 17 hours.", "title": "Characteristics" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The discovery of LHS 3154 b raises doubts about the formation of planets, challenging current planetary models, because such a massive planet (13.2 MEarth) was not expected to orbit such a small star, with just 1 9 {\\displaystyle {\\frac {1}{9}}} the mass of the Sun, and currently it is the only short-period Neptune-mass planet to orbit a low mass star. Although there are more massive exoplanets orbiting red dwarfs, such as TZ Arietis b and GJ 3512 b, they have wide orbits, with periods longer than 200 days, and likely formed in a different way than LHS 3154 b (core accretion), such as gravitational instability within a massive gaseous outer disk.", "title": "Importance" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "One of the ways in which planets form is through core accretion, where they form from initial cores that accrete dust and gas. Planets formed from core accretion orbiting low-mass stars should have a maximum mass of 5 MEarth. LHS 3154 b, however, with a minimum mass of 13 MEarth, presents a challenge to this theory.", "title": "Importance" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Suvrath Mahadevan, one of the planet's discoverers, says: \"The planet-forming disk around the low-mass star LHS 3154 is not expected to have enough solid mass to make this planet. But it’s out there, so now we need to reexamine our understanding of how planets and stars form.\". According to Guðmundur Stefánsson, another discoverer of the planet, the recent discovery of LHS 3154 b creates doubts about the formation of planets around less massive stars, as it was previously believed that only terrestrial planets could form around these stars.", "title": "Importance" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "A team of scientists led by Suvrath Mahadevan discovered LHS 3154 b using the Habitable Zone Planet Finder, a spectrograph designed to detect planets orbiting cool stars that might have liquid surface water. The dscovery was announced in November 30, 2023, in the journal Science.", "title": "Discovery" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "LHS 3154 is a dim red dwarf located at a distance of 15.75 parsecs (51.4 ly) from the Earth in the constellation Hercules. With an apparent magnitude of 17.5, it cannot be seen with the naked eye or even a small telescope. LHS 3154 has radius of 0.14 R☉ and a mass of 0.11 M☉, which is comparable to the nearby red dwarf Wolf 359.", "title": "Host star" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Mariam Solaimankhil is an Afghan politician and critic of the Taliban.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Daughter of Hamidullah, Solaimankhil holds a BS degree in Media Studies from California State University and worked as a beautician in the US before moving to Afghanistan. Upon returning to Afghanistan, she was appointed as the Head of International Relations at the Presidential Palace and advisor to the Ministry of Deputy. In the 2018 election, she was elected as a member of House of the People representing Kuchi with 839 votes. In 2019, she was chosen as the secretary of the defense committee.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Solaimankhil is a Taliban opponent and called the group \"proxy of Pakistan\" and \"don't represent any particular ethnicity or locality in Afghanistan.\"", "title": "Personal views" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Filsoniana ferdinandmuelleri is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Australia. The lichen has a squamulose (scaly) thallus, with a range of bright yellow to greenish-yellow and brownish-orange colours in its soredia (powdery propagules) and apothecia (fruiting bodies), respectively. The areoles of this lichen are varied in size, slightly raised from the thallus surface, and each carries one to four apothecia. The soralia are rounded or irregularly shaped, covering most of the thallus surface as a yellow to greenish-yellow mass. The apothecia have dark brownish-orange discs, surrounded by slightly paler yellow margins, with the spore-bearing asci containing typically eight brownish-golden ascospores.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It was formally described as a new species in 2009 by the lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk and Ingvar Kärnefelt, who initially classified it as a member of the genus Caloplaca. The type specimen was collected by Kondratyuk in the Royal Botanic Gardens in Melbourne, Victoria. The specimen was found near the \"Temple of the Winds\" and \"Plant Craft Cottage buildings,\" amid 'grey plants' and succulents, growing on volcanic rocks known as tuffs. It was growing alongside Filsoniana rexfilsonii, which, at the time, was also a member of Caloplaca. In 2013, the taxon Caloplaca ferdinandmuelleri was formally transferred to the newly proposed genus Filsoniana, as part of a molecular phylogenetics-informed restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae. Gintaras Kantvilas (who prefers to maintain this taxon in a broadly defined genus Caloplaca) suggests that it is likely a sorediate counterpart to Filsoniana rexfilsonii.", "title": "Taxonomy" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Filsoniana ferdinandmuelleri is characterised by its squamulose thallus, which has a vibrant colour palette ranging from bright yellow to greenish-yellow soredia (powdery vegetative propagules) and brownish-orange apothecia (fruiting bodies). The areoles of this lichen, measuring between 0.4 and 2.7 mm in width and 100 to 200 μm in thickness, contain palisade inclusions. Initially, these areoles lie close to the substrate but gradually become more raised, with their edges curling upwards. The upper surface of the areoles is uneven, with a brownish-yellow to dull yellow colouration. Typically, each areole bears one to four apothecia and one to five conidiomata (asexual reproductive structures), either separately or in combination.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The soralia measure between 0.1 and 0.2 mm in diameter, and are found along the edges or at the ends of the upper thallus surface. They are rounded to irregular in shape, with a sorediose mass covering most of the surface. This mass is bright yellow to greenish-yellow in colour, and the soredia within are approximately round, measuring between 20 and 25 μm in diameter.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The apothecia of Filsoniana ferdinandmuelleri are 0.3 to 0.7 mm in diameter and 0.2 to 0.25 mm thick. They are scattered or weakly aggregated, featuring dark brownish-orange discs that lack a powdery coating (pruina) and are surrounded by slightly paler yellowish margins. The true exciple (the outer layer of the apothecium) varies from scleroplectenchymatous to somewhat paraplectenchymatous in structure. The asci (spore-bearing structures) typically contain eight spores, which are often brownish-golden in colour. These ascospores have widely rounded ends, measuring between 13 and 17 μm in length and 6 to 8 μm in width, with moderately thick septa ranging from 3 to 6 μm. The conidiomata of this lichen are 40 to 50 μm in diameter, with long, rod-shaped conidia measuring 4 to 5.5 μm by 0.8 to 1 μm.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Chemically, the epithecium of Filsoniana ferdinandmuelleri reacts to potassium hydroxide (i.e., the K spot test) by turning purple. It contains several secondary metabolites (lichen products), including parietin as the major constituent, along with argopsin, atranorin, teloschistin, fallacinal as minor components, and traces of parietinic acid.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Filsoniana ferdinandmuelleri has been identified in a few scattered locations across Western Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania, suggesting a distribution that spans significant parts of southeastern and southwestern Australia. It is typically found growing on terrestrial substrates, particularly favouring dolerite and volcanic rocks. In these environments, it is often found in association with other lichen species such as F. rexfilsonii and Kuettlingeria atroflava. On Kangaroo Island, it has been recorded growing on siliceous rocks (including sandstone) in mallee woodland.", "title": "Habitat and distribution" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "James Arthur Dudley Higgins, known as Dudley Higgins, (20 May 1920 - 30 December 1999) was an Irish international rugby union player and administrator. He played club rugby for Civil Service Rugby Club and the Ireland national rugby union team as a fullback. He served as president of Ulster Rugby and multiple terms as president of the Irish Rugby Football Union.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Higgins was born in Rathdrum, County Wicklow. He attended Mountjoy School in Dublin and later moved to Northern Ireland during the Second World War to work for the Northern Ireland Civil Service, eventually becoming the Assistant Secretary in the Department of Health. During this time, he played club rugby for Civil Service. During the 40s, he also played provincial rugby for Ulster. During this time, he was called up to play for the Ireland national rugby union team, making his debut in 1947 against Scotland in 1947. He was a part of Ireland's successful 1948 Five Nations Championship where Ireland won their first Grand Slam, missing only the game against England and earning the last of his six international caps in the process.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "After retiring from playing, Higgins became the president of the Ulster branch of the IRFU in 1960. He would later serve as the vice-president of the IRFU in 1975 but would take over as president following the death of Jim Keane after 12 days. Higgins would serve the rest of Keane's term and was elected for his own term as president in 1976. Following these roles, he would act as treasurer for Ulster and as a selector for Ireland for four year. In 1996, both Higgins and fellow 1948 Grand Slam winner Bertie O'Hanlon were inducted into the Rugby Writers of Ireland Hall of Fame.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Higgins died on 30 December 1999, being survived by his wife and two children.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Yolonda Fountain Henderson (born c. 1965) is an American politician. She has served as a member of the Missouri House of Representatives from the 85th district since 2023. A member of the Democratic Party, she previously served as mayor of Jennings, Missouri, between 2015 and 2016.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Henderson was elected mayor of the city of Jennings, Missouri, in April 2015. Shortly after being sworn in as mayor, she filed a lawsuit against the city council and several top city officials.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In February 2016, articles of impeachment were written, which cited 19 allegations against Henderson; it was down to 12 by the time of her impeachment. On May 24, the city council voted to impeach Henderson through a unanimous vote. Francine Dugger succeeded her as mayor pro tempore.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Henderson was elected to the Missouri House of Representatives in 2022. She was unopposed in the general election.", "title": "Political career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Neill Buchanan Latimer (5 September 1930 — 2 February 2012) was an Australian rugby union international.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Educated at Knox Grammar School, Latimer was a towering lock and played his rugby for Sydney club Gordon.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Latimer's early career in first-grade rugby was limited due to his work, at a remote cattle station in Queensland, missing the entire 1955 and 1956 seasons for Gordon. As such it was a surprise when he received a call up by the Wallabies in 1957 for a home series against the All Blacks, with his only previous representative experience being for the City seconds. He was capped in the 2nd Test in Brisbane as a replacement for injured captain Alan Cameron.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Beth Herr and Alycia Moulton were the defending champions, but Herr did not compete this year. Moulton teamed up with Elizabeth Minter and lost in the first round to Elly Hakami and Christina Singer.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Jana Novotná and Catherine Suire won the title by defeating Elise Burgin and Sharon Walsh 6–3, 6–4 in the final.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "All seeds received a bye into the second round.", "title": "Seeds" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Andrée Dupeyron (née Mailho) (19 October 1902 - 22 July 1988) was a French woamn civil and military aviator who broke distance records in the 1930s and flew for the Free French Air Force and the Premier corps de pilotes militaires feminins.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Julie Victorine Andréa Eugénie Mailho was born on 19 October 1902 in Ivry-sur-Seine, Paris, the daughter of a working class family. Her father died fighting in the First World War and in 1916 she started work in a munitions factory making ammunition shells. She met her future husband, the mechanic Gustave Dupeyron, at the age of 16 when he was working at the l’école d’aviation de Pau. They married at the end of the First World War. Passionate about mechanics, the couple soon became interested in aircraft.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1920, after the birth of their first child, René, the Dupeyron family moved to Gustave's home town of Mont-de-Marsan in Landes and settled there, having a daughter Jacqueline. They opened a car repair shop and then bought a garage in Dax. The Dupeyrons agreed that Andrée would look after the latter and Gustave would manage the workshop in Mont-de-Marsan. When he could, he spent time at the Aéro-club des Landes next door to the workshop. The aeroclub had been created in 1928 by Henri Farbos. The aviation bug caught the whole family and they bought a plane, a Potez 43. Gustave Dupeyron earned his pilot's licence in 1932, followed by Andrée in 1933. She was the second woman pilot at the Aéro-club de Mont-de-Marsan after the famous aviator Hélène Boucher.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Flying career", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Andrée Dupeyron earned her amateur pilot's licence and then her professional pilot's licence.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The couple sold their garage in Dax and set up an aircraft repair workshop in a hangar in Mont-de-Marsan. Andrée Dupeyron upgraded her plane to a Caudron Aiglon, better suited to her ambition of breaking the straight-line distance record. In 1936 and 1937, she took part in the Hélène Boucher Cup race and the Mont-de-Marsan - Marseille - Tours - Paris international rally.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "n 16 May 1938, Dupeyron broke the women's record for non-stop straight-line distance. She flew 4,360 km from Oran in Algeria to Tel El Aham in Iraq in a Caudron C-600 Bengali 6.351 l aircraft, a civilian tourist aircraft converted to fly long distances. She beat the women's straight-line distance record recently set by Élisabeth Lion. She ended up stranded in the desert.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "On 31 December 1938 Dupeyron broke another record, for distance in a straight line without landing, flying 1678km from Tunis in Tunisia to Mersa Matroh in Egypt in the same aircraft.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Achieving these world records made the 36-year-old mother a heroine throughout the France. She was nicknamed La mère de famille volante for her speed.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "With her husband, Dupeyron was one of the first to join the Aviation Populaire des Landes club, founded in 1936 at the instigation of the Front Populaire, which sought to promote and establish aviation among the working classes.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Second World War", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "With the outbreak of the Second World War,", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Dupeyron enlisted in 1939, and after being demobilised with the Fall of France, she joined the Resistance. She flew as a pilot in the Free French Air Force during the Second World War and was sponsor of a squadron that bore her name. One of her sons was also a military pilot in the Free French Air Forces. She hid the co-pilot of an American B17 in an attic in Place Saint-Roch, Mont-de-Marsan.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "Dupeyron's life story inspired Jean Grémillon's 1944 film Le ciel est à vous (The Woman Who Dared in English) which was made during the Nazi occupation of France during the Second World War.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Charles de Gaulle's Air Minister, Charles Tillon, wanted to create a corps of female military pilots.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "During the winter of 1944-1945, Dupeyron was part of the first group of women pilots recruited for the Premier corps de pilotes militaires féminins (First Corps of Female Military Pilots) alongside Yvonne Jourjon, Elisabeth Lion and Maryse Bastié. Dupeyron trained at Kasba-Tadla Air Force School in Morocco, and qualified as a military pilot in 1945 with the rank of second lieutenant. In 1946 she became a student pilot at the Gliding Centre of Montagne Noire (France), the only woman in training there.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "Post war", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "In 1949, she made another record attempt, flying from Mont-de-Marsan in France to Jiwani in Pakistan. She flew 5,932 km alone, after 31 hours and 23 minutes. Andrée Dupeyron was awarded the Légion d'honneur that same year.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 18, "text": "Andrée Dupeyron died on 22 July 1988 and was buried in the cimetière du Centre de Mont-de-Marsan.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 19, "text": "Commemoration", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 20, "text": "Promenade Andrée Dupeyron, a road in Lyon, is named in her honour.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 21, "text": "A roundabout on Simone Veil boulevard in Mont-de-Marsan was named after Andrée Dupeyron in 2019, alongside two other roundabouts named for fellow women pilots Elisabeth Boselli and Adrienne Bolland.", "title": "Early life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This article lists the results for the New Zealand men's national under-23 football team from 2020 to present.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "New Zealand's score is shown first in each case.", "title": "A-International results" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Sumaya Awad is a Palestinian American writer and activist based in New York City. She directs strategy and communications for Adalah Justice Project, and is co-editor of Palestine: A Socialist Introduction.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Awad is Director of Strategy and Communications for Adalah Justice Project. She co-edited the book Palestine: A Socialist Introduction.", "title": "Activity" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "On October 13, 2023, Awad appeared on NY1 to discuss the 2023 Israel–Hamas war.", "title": "Activity" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "“It’s just so astonishing that we have to be out here starving in the cold to relay the message that Palestinians deserve to live. And that Palestinians deserve to be grieved, just like any other person.”", "title": "Activity" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Sumaya Awad, The Washington Post", "title": "Activity" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "On November 27, 2023, she joined more than 20 other Palestine solidarity activists and state legislators in a five-day-long hunger strike outside the White House to call for a ceasefire in Gaza. While most of the group joined for shorter periods of time, Awad was one of eight who did not eat for the entire five days. In a press conference announcing the hunger strike, she referenced the shooting of three Palestinian American students in Vermont, saying that \"This is what happens when we don’t support a permanent ceasefire and our government continues to dehumanize Palestinians\". She additionally emphasized the role of the United States government in supporting Israel, saying that \"we are not just silent observers. We are complicit in what is happening in Palestine.\" By the fourth day of the strike, The Washington Post reported that Awad was exhausted and experiencing severe headaches, but determined to continue with the strike.", "title": "Activity" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Awad lives in New York City. She has a young daughter, who spent time in a neonatal intensive care unit after birth; Awad has drawn parallels between her own daughter's experience and that of infants in the 2023 Gaza Strip preterm birth crisis.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "According to Awad, her grandfather's family lived in West Jerusalem before being expelled into Lebanon during the Nakba.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Men's 10 metre air pistol SH1 competition of the powerlifting events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 18 at Lo Aguirre Shooting Range (Polígono de Tiro de Pudahuel) in Santiago, Chile.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The best eight scores advance to the final:", "title": "Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The results were as follows:", "title": "Results" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Ishwar Dass Pawar was the first Dalit to be appointed to the Punjab Judicial Service before the Independence of India. Throughout his professional life, he held several important positions. In 1932, he joined the Punjab Civil Services (Judicial) as a judge, then was promoted as undersecretary to the Government of Punjab. He remained a member of the Punjab Subordinate Services Selection for 8 years and retired as a district and session judge in 1966. He also worked as a presiding officer for the Industrial Tribunal for Punjab.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He was born into the Ad Dharmi family on 09 May 2010, in Dehlan, Punjab. He studied B.A. and L.L.B. from D.A.V. College, Lahore, and joined Judicial Services in 1932. He was married to Lakshmi Devi, and the couple had three sons and two daughters. His one daughter, Kamlesh, is married to an Indian diplomat, Ambassador V.B. Soni (retd). He passed away on 11 June 2007 in Chandigarh.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "During his work as presiding officer for the Industrial Tribunal, he helped many Dalits get plots of land for the establishment of businesses. He also helped many educated Dalit youths in Doaba get passports to travel to the U.K. in the 1950s.", "title": "Social work to uplift the downtrodden" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Alice Bell Le Geyt (1839-1934) was a British writer, suffragist and temperance campaigner.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Le Geyt was born on Jersey in 1839. Her parents were Charles William Le Geyt and Emma Bell, and her grandfather was the Scottish surgeon Charles Bell.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "On 4 August 1864, holidaying at Lyme Regis, she rowed through surf \"at the risk of her life\" to rescue two young boys who had fallen into the sea from the pier. She was awarded the Royal National Lifeboat Institution's silver medal for gallantry for this action.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Le Geyt published a single three-volume novel, Which will triumph? in 1867. It concerns two young men, Henry and Herbert, who are rivals for the heart of a young woman, Alice, and has been described as \"a tale of love, rivalry, and the struggle for personal fulfillment in a world that is changing rapidly\".", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 1871 Le Geyt became secretary of the newly-formed Bath committee of the Bristol and West Society of the National Society for Women's Suffrage.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "When Anna Kingsford became editor of the Lady's Own Paper for a few weeks in 1872, the first article to be published was by Le Geyt with the title \"Coffee-Houses or Gin-Palaces\". She wrote that she hoped to open a coffee-house herself, to \"counter the evils of strong drink\", and invited donations to support this, to be sent to her at her home: The Cottage, Corston, near Bristol. In October 1872 she opened a \"model beerless public house\", in Corston, called the Golden Coffee Pot. It was reported in Chicago's Religio-Philosophical Journal in 1879 that \"it has been successfull in substituting coffee for beer among the poor, and upon Miss Le Geyt's recent departure from the place, many leading citizens presented her with a silver inkstand, in token of her efforts among them.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Following is a list of notable alumni of the Cornell Law School.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The gens Valgia was a minor plebeian family at ancient Rome. Members of this gens are first mentioned in the final century of the Republic. The most illustrious of the Valgii was Gaius Valgius Rufus, a poet contemporary with Horace, who became consul suffectus in 12 BC.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The nomen Valgius is derived from the surname Valgus, originally indicating someone with bow legs.", "title": "Origin" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The only cognomen among the Valgii mentioned in Roman authors was Rufus, originally referring to someone with red hair, and belonging to a large class of surnames derived from the physical features of an individual.", "title": "Branches and cognomina" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Kevin Curren was the defending champion, but did not compete this year.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Matt Doyle won the title by defeating Hans-Dieter Beutel 1–6, 6–1, 6–2 in the final.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Huntly Conway Plantz (born January 28, 2009) is an American actor from St. Petersburg, Florida. Huntly has performed voiceovers and has acted in independent movies, commercials, television shows and films for such companies as Home Shopping Network, Disney and Lifetime.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Huntly has been acting since middle school. In eighth grade, he decided to pursue acting full time after winning a Critics Choice award for the Florida State Thespians Festival.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Huntly's first big role was in an independent short film, Out of Bounds. He attends the Dwight School online and his acting coach is Eugenie Bondurant.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Out of Bounds (2020)", "title": "Filmography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Quiver (2023)", "title": "Filmography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "What's It All About (2024)", "title": "Filmography" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Inventing Paradise (2024)", "title": "Filmography" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Spirit of the Storm (2024)", "title": "Filmography" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "The Fold (2020)", "title": "Filmography" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Taken In Montana (2023)", "title": "Filmography" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "The Slumber Party (2023)", "title": "Filmography" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "", "title": "Filmography" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "", "title": "Filmography" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "http://imdb.me/huntlyplantz", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Matthew Arranges Things (Hungarian: Mátyás rendet csinál) is a 1940 Hungarian comedy film directed by Frigyes Bán and starring Gerö Mály, Margit Lukács and Lili Berky. It was shot at the Hunnia Studios in Budapest. The film's sets were designed by the art director Klára B. Kokas.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Le Geyt is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Amelia Earhart Hangar Museum is an aviation museum located at Amelia Earhart Airport in Atchison, Kansas focused on Amelia Earhart.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In 1979, Grace McGuire purchased a Lockheed 10-E, the last surviving \"E\" variant, from the Wings and Wheels Museum in Orlando, Florida. She intended to restore it to flight and use it to recreate Amelia Earhart's attempted circumnavigation. After trying and failing to interest Pratt & Whitney in supporting the effort and being diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, McGuire was forced to abandon the effort.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Laidacker M. \"Ladd\" Seaberg, an Atchison economic development promoter, and his wife Karen made contact with McGuire in the early 1990s. They eventually purchased the airplane from her and it was transported to Atchison in August 2016. The following year, the museum announced plans for what would eventually become a 17,000 sq ft (1,600 m) hangar.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The building first opened to the public on 1 February 2023, before being officially dedicated 14 April. The museum hired Mindi Love Pendergraft as a new executive director three months later. In the meantime, the foundation had funded the creation and placement of a bronze statue of Amelia Earhart in the National Statuary Hall Collection.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The museum features 14 interactive exhibits, include a virtual reality experience. A bronze statue of Amelia Earhart is on display outside the museum.", "title": "Exhibits" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "An annual Amelia Earhart festival is held at the airport.", "title": "Events" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "William John Gunther (7 November 1931 — 15 June 2009) was an Australian rugby union international.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "A native of Bathurst, Gunther attended St Joseph's College, Hunters Hill and Wagga Wagga Agricultural College.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Gunther was a strong tackling flanker and played his rugby in country New South Wales, much of it with Molong. He gained a Wallabies call up in 1957 for a home series against the All Blacks. After Chilla Wilson was preferred for the 1st Test, selectors made four changes up front for the 2nd Test in Brisbane, with Gunther earning his solitary Wallabies cap. He made 15 uncapped appearances on the 1957–58 tour of Britain, Ireland and France.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Nova Sloboda (Ukrainian: Нова Слобода; Russian: Новая Слобода, romanized: Novaya Sloboda) is a village in Ukraine, in Konotop Raion within the country's northern Sumy Oblast. It is the administrative centre of Nova Sloboda rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Its population is 1,568 (as of 2023).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Nova Sloboda was founded in 1593. In 1630 the Sophrony Monastery [uk] was founded in the village. In the present day, it is a men's monastery of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate), and it was selected in 2007 as one of the three Wonders of Ukraine from Sumy Oblast.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "On 7 July 1942 586 inhabitants of the village (including 70 children under the age of ten) were killed by Nazi Germany in retaliation for the village allegedly providing shelter to the Soviet partisans. The massacre has been compared by some, including the government of Sumy Oblast, to the Khatyn massacre in Belarus.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The Museum of Goryun Culture [uk], dedicated to the Goryun ethnic group, was established in the village on 28 September 2017.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Nova Sloboda was shelled by Russian forces throughout 2022 and 2023. Russians also launched an unsuccessful attempt [uk] to take the village from 23 April until the total Russian withdrawal after the end of the Northern Ukraine campaign. The same year, the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality of the Netherlands celebrated the village for its production of herbal teas, while the Institute of Partnership and Sustainable Development non-governmental organisation purchased a stock of teas to be supplied to internally displaced persons in Pokrovske.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "'You Make Me Free Make Me Fly' is the third studio album by Taiwanese Puyuma singer A-Mei. It was released on December 19, 1997, by Forward Music. The album was recorded as an advance listen for A-Mei's 1998 concert \"Sister Power Concert\". The record featured covers of Chinese and English songs, except for the tracks \"You Make Me Free\" and \"It Doesn't Matter to Me\". The album has sold 800,000 copies in Taiwan[1] and over 4 million copies in Asia.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "On June 7, 1997, A-Mei released her highly anticipated sophomore album 'Bad Boy'. It became an immediate success and went on to become Taiwan's highest selling album of all time with sales of approximately 1.38 million copies nationwide. Additionally, 'Bad Boy' sold more than six million copies across Asia, establishing A-Mei as a dominant force on the music charts and one of the most sought after celebrities in East Asia. However, tragedy struck five months after its release date. Her manager Chang Yu-sheng died on November 12, 1997, at age 31, after falling into a coma for 24 days due to a car crash that occurred on October 20, 1997. During Chang's stay in the hospital, A-Mei visited him many times. At that time, in order to pay tribute to Chang Yu-sheng who was dying, she released the CD single \"Listen to You, Listen to Me (聽你聽我)\".", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "After the aftermath of Chang's death, A-Mei decided to take a massive stepping stone in her career; which was planning a stadium sized concert tour. However, A-Mei only had two studio albums at the time and therefore didn't have enough material to sing for a three hour concert. To pan out the songbook, her label released 'You Make Me Free Make Me Fly' before the concert. The album contained A-Mei's favorite songs from her childhood, and the song \"Standing on a High Post\" became a hit on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, further establishing her status as a diva. The album also featured her first collaboration with Su Rui with the song \"Follow Your Feelings\".", "title": "Background" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The College of Ethnic Studies at San Francisco State University was the first Ethnic studies college in the United States.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In 1968, the Third World Liberation Front (TWLF) was created as a coalition of student groups at San Francisco State College (now San Francisco State University) and the University of California, Berkeley. The coalition opposed Eurocentrism in higher education and a lack of diversity.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1968 and 1969, the TWLF held the longest student strikes in American history at SF State College with the goal of having fifteen demands be met.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The college was founded in Fall 1969 to meet a portion of the demands.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 2016, hundreds of students protested against budget cuts to the college and for the expansion of the college's programs.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Until 2019, the college was the only College of Ethnic Studies in the United States. The second College of Ethnic Studies was established at California State University, Los Angeles.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The college offers nine minors, six bachelor's degree programs, two blended bachelor's and master's programs, one master's program, and two certificates.", "title": "Programs" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The college has five departments.", "title": "Departments" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Skibbereen Town Hall (Irish: Halla an Bhaile An Sciobairín) is a municipal building in The Square at Skibbereen, County Cork, Ireland. It is currently used as a community events venue.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The building was commissioned by the local landowner, Sir Henry Wrixon-Becher, 2nd Baronet, whose seat was at Castlehyde. The site he selected, on the north side of The Square, was occupied by an old market hall and toll house which was in a dilapidated condition.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The new building was designed in the Victorian style, built in rubble masonry and was completed in around 1862. The design involved an asymmetrical main frontage of five bays facing onto North Street. The left-hand section of three bays, which was slightly projected forward and gabled, was fenestrated by three round headed openings with voussoirs and keystones on the first floor and by a Venetian window on the first floor. The fourth bay from the left featured a round headed doorway with pilasters, imposts, voussoirs and an ornate triangular canopy on the ground floor, and a segmental headed window on the first floor, while the right-hand bay was fenestrated by a bi-partite mullioned window on the ground floor and by a pair of segmental headed windows on the first floor. Internally, the principal rooms were a market hall on the ground floor and an assembly room on the first floor.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "After Wrixon-Becher reluctantly abandoned some restrictions on political use that he had sought to impose, the town commissioners purchased the building in 1866. In the early-1870s, a four-stage clock tower was erected behind the right-hand bay: there was a lancet window in the first stage, a round headed window in the second stage, clock faces in the third stage and louvres in the fourth stage, all surmounted by a pyramid-shaped roof and a weather vane. The clock was donated by Henry Winthrop O'Donovan of Liss Ard House.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The building became an important venue for public events: the Irish Nationalist, Charles Stewart Parnell, gave a speech there in April 1880, the Irish republican, Michael Davitt, spoke there in August 1887, and the suffragette, Maud Gonne, gave a talk in March 1902. After the town commissioners were replaced by an urban district council in 1899, the new council adopted the building as its meeting place. A statue commemorating local people who had died in a series of republican uprisings, sculpted by John Maguire and entitled the \"Maid of Erin\", was erected just to the south of the town hall and unveiled by Jeremiah O'Donovan Rossa in 1904.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The actor and future playwright, Harold Pinter, performed on stage in September 1951, and the McMaster Intimate Theatre Company, led by Anew McMaster, put on a performance of the Greek tragedy, Oedipus Rex, there in August 1955. It was after one of McMaster's performances, in August 1955, that the town hall was almost completely gutted in a serious fire. It was restored and re-opened by Bishop Cornelius Lucey on 2 February 1960. A plaque, intended to commemorate the life of the locally-born Irish Republican, Gearóid O'Sullivan, who raised the Irish Flag over the General Post Office in Dublin during the Easter Rising, was installed on the front of the town hall to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the Easter Rising in 1966.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The town hall continued to serve as the local seat of government until the urban district council moved to new offices above the library at the former Bishop Kelly Memorial Technical School further north along North Street in April 1992. However, the building subsequently continued to be used as a community events venue, hosting concerts and theatre performances. A new glass-fronted entrance foyer, intended to improve access, was erected by local contractors, Cahalane Brothers, on the south side of the town hall in autumn 2023.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The nirayana system is a traditional Indian system of calendrical computations in which the phenomenon of precession of the equinoxes is not taken into consideration. In Indian astronomy, the precession of equinoxes is called ayana-calana which literally means shifting of the solstices and so nirayana is nir- + ayana meaning without ayana. Ayanacalana refers to the continuous backward movement of the point of intersection of the ecliptic (which is a fixed circle) and the celestial equator (which keeps on moving backward). In contrast, the Indian systems of calendrical computations which take into consideration the effects of precession of equinoxes are called sayana systems.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The nirayana year is the sidereal year and its duration is 365.256363 days (365 days 6 hours 9 minutes 10 seconds) approximately . It is the actual time required for the Earth to revolve once around the Sun with respect to a fixed point on the ecliptic. In the nirayana system in India, this fixed point is taken as that point on the ecliptic which is directly opposite to the star called Citrā (Alpha Virginis) which is remarkably conspicuous in the night sky by its high brightness. The longitude of the star Chitra from this point is 180°. The starting point of the nirayana year coincided with the March equinox in the year 285 CE. Since the stars are fixed with respect to the ecliptic, the starting point remains unchanged, hence the name nirayana.", "title": "Nirayana year" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In the calendars that follow the nirayana system, a month is an artificial unit of time. In the nirayana system, the ecliptic is divided into 12 parts of 30° and each part is called a rāśi. The first rāśi starts from the same point as that of the start the nirayana year. The beginning of a nirayana month is the moment at which the Sun enter into a rāśi. The length of a nirayana month is the duration of time taken by the Sun to travel completely in a rāśi, that is, to travel 30° of its elliptical orbit. Since the speed at which the Sun is traversing its elliptical orbit around the sun is not constant, the durations of the sidereal months are also not constant. The mean length of a nirayana month is about 30.4369 days, but its actual length can vary from 29.45 days to 31.45 days.", "title": "Nirayana months" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Since the nirayana months are defined artificially, there are no astronomical phenomena associated with the beginning of a nirayana month. The exact moment at which a new nirayana month begins can occur at any time of day, early morning, evening or night. To felicitate dating of days, the the first day of a month has to be properly defined. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on this among the traditional calendar makers across India. The tradition varies from region to region in India. A few of these traditions may be considered as illustrations. In the following, saṃkrānti is the day on which the Sun enters a new rāśi.", "title": "The beginning of a nirayana month" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The table in the figure below gives the names and the duration of each of the 12 nirayana months. The tables gives the duration of months as per Ārya-Sinddhānta (Āryabhaṭīya) and as per Sūrya-Siddhānta. The abbreviations \"gh.\" and \"pa.\" stand for \"ghaṭikā\" (= 24 minutes) and \"pala\" (also called \"vighatikā\" = 24 seconds). The table is an extract from The Indian Calendar by Robert Sewell and Sankara Balakrishna Dikshit published in 1896. The calendar makers of different regions of India follow different computational systems. Depending on the computational system, the duration of a nirayana month may vary from region to region.", "title": "Duration of months" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The most important deficiency of the nirayana calendar is that the predictions of the dates of the onsets of the various seasons as per the nirayana system do not correspond to the actual dates on which they occur. This is because the seasons depend on the position of the sun on the ecliptic relative to the celestial equator. In particular, they depend on the positions of the equinoxes. Since, the positions of the equinoxes are slowly moving, the predictions of the seasons which ignore this movement of the equinoxes will be definitely erroneous.", "title": "Major deficiency" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "To be more specific, the winter season begins on the winter solstice day which date is marked by sun’s entry into Makara constellation. This event occurs on the 22nd December. But in the nirayana system, this happens not on the 22nd December but on the 14th January and the winter season is also supposed to begin on that date. Similar is the case with other seasons also. The result is that there is a clear difference of 23 days in the reckoning of seasons.", "title": "Major deficiency" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Michael A. McGlinchey Jr. (born c. 1976) is an American college football coach. He is the assistant head football coach, co-defensive coordinator, and defensive line coach for the University of San Diego; a position he has held since 2023. He was the head football coach for William Jewell College from 2020 to 2022. He also coached for New Hampshire, Princeton, Towson, North Carolina Central, Salisbury, Colorado Mines, and the Las Vegas Locomotives of the United Football League (UFL). He played college football for Towson as a guard and tight end.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "McGlinchey's father, Mike Sr., was the head football coach for Salisbury State University—now known as Salisbury University—from 1982 to 1986, Central Connecticut State University from 1987 to 1991, and Frostburg State University from 1992 to 1995.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Sportalm Kitzbühel is an Austrian clothing brand with its own production facilities that produces high quality fashion, traditional costumes, and ski wear based in Kitzbühel, Austria. It has been run by the Ehrlich family for over 40 years as a private company and is internationally known.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Sportalm Kitzbühel was founded in 1953 as a knitting factory in Kitzbühel by Willi Kruetschnigg.", "title": "HISTORY" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1968 the company was taken over by Michael Walleczek who then expanded the range of products to include dirndls, a traditional Austrian dress.", "title": "HISTORY" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 1973 KR Franz Kneissi took over the company and began developing ski fashion.", "title": "HISTORY" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Wilhelm Ehrlich became managing director in 1976 and in 1979 his wife Herta Ehrlich opened the first retail store in Kitzbühel city centre.", "title": "HISTORY" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 1980 Wilhelm Ehrlich took over the company making it now completely in the Ehrlich family", "title": "HISTORY" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Willhelm opened a production facility in Madan, Bulgaria in 1996.", "title": "HISTORY" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In 1998 Ulli Ehrlich and Christina Ehrlich (sisters) joined the company and each took a third share in the Company at the time.", "title": "HISTORY" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Ulli is the chief designer having studied fashion design at the Modeschule Hetzendorf in Vienna, Austria and also worked for Daniel Hechter in Paris for a year. She completed her studies by studying pattern making at “Müller und Sohn” in Munich.", "title": "HISTORY" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "In 2005 Sportalm Kitzbühel began exporting its products abroad and in 2009 opened its flagship store in Vienna.", "title": "HISTORY" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "In 2022 Ulli took over the running of this private family run company and became the Managing Director and Sole Shareholder that now directly employs over 800 people. Many of the ranges are named after her.", "title": "HISTORY" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Sportalm Kitzbühel is a supporting partner in the World Ski Awards and also sponsors Austrian Men's Curling Championship and Austrian Women's Curling Championship.", "title": "HISTORY" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "The iconic Sportalm headquarters building is situated at St.Johanner Str. 73 in Kitzbühel, Austria and was completed in 2014 at the cost of 4.5million Euros. The building was designed by Atelier Ender who took in the considerations of Feng Shui and when Wilhelm had the building commissioned he was seeking the 'Wow factor'. As well as the factory in Bulgaria this building also manufacturers the numerous ranges", "title": "HQ BUILDING" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "In 1986 Sportalm Kitzbühel was able to use the Coat of Arms of Austria in commercial transactions.", "title": "AWARDS" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "In 2009 it was named Brand Of The Year at the GQ Stylenight and was also chosen as Tyrol’s best family business in the same year.", "title": "AWARDS" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "In 2018 Ulli Ehrlich won the Brand Life Award", "title": "AWARDS" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "The Company was presented with the Salzburg Prize of the ‘Austrian Fashion Retailers’.", "title": "AWARDS" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "As of 2022 Sportalm Kitzbühel has 30 stores and outlets worldwide and over 1,400 retailers in 40 countries. The company's product ranges include fashion, traditional costumes, and ski wear. Many of the collections are named after Ulli Ehrlich.", "title": "OPERATIONS" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Yehu Adani (Hebrew: יהוא עדני; 1962–2019) was a Paralympic athlete representing Israel.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Adani was a member of the Israel Sports Center for the Disabled.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1978 he competed at the Cerebral Palsy Games in Scotland.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Adani competed in the 1980 Summer Paralympics and the 1984 Summer Paralympics, competing in nine events under the Cerebral palsy sport classification. At the 1980 Games Adani won two silver medals, in javelin throw and discus throw, as well as ranking fifth in the 80 metre event and seventh in shot put. In the 1984 Games he competed in javelin throw, discus throw, shot put and the 100 metre and 200 metre events.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Following is list a notable alumni of the University of Minnesota Law School.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "{{Infobox television season", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "| module1 = Presented by", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The first series of Gladiators began on 13 January 2024 on BBC One. The series is hosted by Bradley Walsh and Barney Walsh.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Shannon Ray (born 31 December 1995) is an American sprinter specializing in the 100 metres and 200 metres.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Category:Living people Category:1995 births Category:American female sprinters Category:21st-century American sportswomen", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Brian William Ford (3 March 1939 — 8 November 2011) was an Australian rugby union international.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Born in Sydney, Ford was a nephew of rugby internationals Eric and Jack Ford, who were brothers of his father Monty. He was educated in Queensland at St Columban's College and competed in The Associated Schools athletics championships as a sprinter. Playing his rugby as a three-quarter, Ford made his first-grade debut for Souths aged 17.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Ford gained a Wallabies cap in 1957 as a left winger against the All Blacks at the Brisbane Exhibition Ground. Still only 18, he was the youngest known debutant for the Wallabies, as well as the only Queensland representative in the XV. A back injury sustained playing for Queensland against the touring British Lions in 1960 caused him to give the game away.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Bochechky (Ukrainian: Бочечки) is a village in Konotop Raion, Sumy Oblast, Ukraine. It is the administrative centre of the Bochechky rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Its population is 1,679 (as of 2023).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Bochechky was first mentioned in 1659. Prior to the Emancipation reform of 1861 the majority of villagers were serfs under the Byrdyn, Lvov, or Yazuchevskyi families. The Lvov family historically owned a 18th-century palace [uk].", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Following the establishment of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, two kolkhozes were established in Bochechky. Two more were established between 1930 and 1931, as was a theatre and a library. 850 residents of the village died during World War II.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Life in Danger is a 1959 British second feature film directed by Terry Bishop and starring Derren Nesbitt and Julie Hopkins.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Hazel Ashley, an emotionally unstable adolescent, meets a casual labourer and befriends him. At the same time, news comes that Miller, a convicted child murderer, has escaped from a nearby lunatic asylum. When local villagers led by Major Peters search for Hazel, who has gone missing, they find her in a barn with the labourer, and assume he is the escaped killer. The labourer is shot and wounded by Peters. When the police arrive they report that Miller has previously surrendered himself.", "title": "Plot" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The Monthly Film Bulletin wrote: \"This attempt at the familiar but always tricky subject of an average community shocked into violence by a threat to its ordinary existence – in this case an escaped criminal lunatic – has a tense opening and two mainly effective leading performances. Unfortunately realism soon takes second place to conventional thrills and a facile climax, and the supporting cast is for the most part unconvincing.\"", "title": "Critical reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Chibnall and McFarlane in The British 'B' Film call the film a \"neat, unpretentious thriller\".", "title": "Critical reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Margit Lukács (1914–2002) was a Hungarian stage and film actress. In her early career she played female leads in a number of films, notably Dankó Pista (1940) which was screened at the Venice Film Festival. Onstage she was a longstanding member of the National Theatre in Budapest.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "]", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Te'arah Gaines, better known by her stage name Kenzo B, is an American rapper. Originating from The Bronx, she has been called the \"Queen of Bronx drill\". She has released numerous singles and two EPs, Top Dawg in 2022 and Top 2, Not 2 in 2023. She is signed to French Montana's Coke Boys label.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Te'arah Gaines was born on March 4, 2004, in Connecticut, where her mother was serving an 11-year prison sentence. She raised in The Bronx and lived in the River Park Towers. Her brother is the rapper Bando. She began rapping at the age of seven and grew up practicing battle raps with her brothers. Her first foray into songwriting was a rap about breakfast cereal set to Drake's \"Started from the Bottom\".", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Kenzo B's breakout single was the 2022 song \"Bump It\", which samples the Dick Dale surf rock song \"Miserlou\". Towards the end of 2021, she teased a Triller for the song where she is wearing a ski mask. The song has received over 1.9 million views on YouTube.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Kenzo was signed to French Montana's Coke Boys label through Warner Records in October 2022. She recorded another iteration of \"Bump It\" featuring Young Devyn called \"The Facts\". She released the Top Dawg EP, her label debut, towards the end of 2022. It includes the track \"Hood Love Story\", which is an interpolation of Young Thug's \"Love You More\".", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Kenzo was a guest vocalist on \"Gang Gang\", a song off of French Montana and DJ Drama's Coke Boys 6: Money Heist Edition mixtape. For the \"Area Codes (718 remix)\" by Kaliii, she represented New York City, and performed the song with Ice Spice at Hot 97's Summer Jam Stage.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Kenzo released the single \"BFFR\" (short for \"be for fucking real\") in June 2023. The song is a \"nod to litefeeters\" from New York. Her second EP, Top 2, Not 2 was released in June 2023 as well.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Kenzo has been called the Queen of Bronx drill. Her music incorporates elements from gangster rap, boom bap, and trap. Her rap and freestyle rap has been praised for her clean flow and her \"magnetic ability to be both vicious and vulnerable\". According to The Fader, she is known \"for her throaty, brolic, and quick-witted bars\".", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Scott Kennedy is an American political scientist and China specialist currently serving as Trustee Chair in Chinese Business and Economics at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Star FM is an Indonesian radio network. The main station broadcasts in the city of Tarakan on the frequency 93.6 FM, and networks in 4 cities in the country.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Poor Rich (Hungarian: Szegény gazdagok) is a 1938 Hungarian historical drama film directed by Jenö Csepreghy and starring Tivadar Uray, Zita Szeleczky and László Szilassy.. It is based on the 1860 novel of the same title by Mór Jókai. It was subsequently remade as the 1959 film The Poor Rich. It was shot at the Hunnia Studios in Budapest. The film's sets were designed by the art director Márton Vincze.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2022 Simon Fraser Red Leafs football team represented Simon Fraser University (SFU) in the 2022 NCAA Division II football season as a member of the Lone Star Conference (LSC). The team played its home games at Terry Fox Field on the university's campus in Burnaby, British Columbia. Led by second-year head coach Mike Rigell, the Red Leafs finished the 2022 season with an overall record of 1–9, going 1–8 in LSC play to finish 10th in the conference. This would be the Red Leafs' final season as the university announced it would be dropping football on April 4, 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Red Leafs had previously competed as a member of the Great Northwest Athletic Conference (GNAC) since 2010; however, the GNAC dropped football after the 2021 season. Simon Fraser, along with fellow GNAC members Central Washington and Western Oregon, joined the LSC as football-only members. Following the 2022 season, the LSC announced that it would not be extending Simon Fraser's membership past the 2023–24 season.", "title": "Conference change and end of football program" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "On April 4, 2023, the university announced that it would be disbanding the football program. Earlier, on February 1, athletic director Theresa Hanson and head coach Mike Rigell released a joint statement that the Red Leafs would play in 2023; however, an internal memo written around this time, and publicly released on June 28 via Business in Vancouver, showed there were no plans to continue football past the 2023 season. The memo also suggested that the football program be dropped prior to the 2023 season as the continuation of the program was deemed to not be feasible.", "title": "Conference change and end of football program" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "", "title": "Schedule" } ]

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