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75,568,391 | Connie Wang | Connie Wang is a Chinese American journalist and writer. She was the former executive director of Refinery29 and has been awarded several Front Page Awards for digital video and fashion. Her multimedia essay published in The New York Times won the Online Commentary, Personal Narrative Online Journalism Award in 2023.
Wang was born in Jinnan, Tianjin, China, but was raised in Minnesota. She attended the University of California, Berkeley for college.
Wang interned with Glam Media (now know as "Mode Media") after graduating. She would later go onto work for Refinery29, where she wrote numerous articles and hosted and co-produced "Style Out There," a Refinery29 documentary series. In 2018, Wong was awarded two Front Page Awards for her work, one in digital video category for her Style Out There and one in the fashion category. In 2019, she was awarded another Front Page Award in fashion. While at Refinery29, she became the executive director.
In 2021, she left Refinery29 and started working at Netflix.
In 2023, she wrote a multimedia essay titled "I Got My Name From Connie Chung. So Did They" for The New York Times, which was about how Connie Chung inspired a generation to name their daughters after her. That multimedia essay would go on to win an 2023 Online Journalism Award in the Online Commentary, Personal Narrative category. Also in 2023, she published her first book Oh My Mother!, a collection of short stories about her relationship with her mother. | [
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"text": "Connie Wang is a Chinese American journalist and writer. She was the former executive director of Refinery29 and has been awarded several Front Page Awards for digital video and fashion. Her multimedia essay published in The New York Times won the Online Commentary, Personal Narrative Online Journalism Award in 2023.",
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"text": "Wang was born in Jinnan, Tianjin, China, but was raised in Minnesota. She attended the University of California, Berkeley for college.",
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"text": "Wang interned with Glam Media (now know as \"Mode Media\") after graduating. She would later go onto work for Refinery29, where she wrote numerous articles and hosted and co-produced \"Style Out There,\" a Refinery29 documentary series. In 2018, Wong was awarded two Front Page Awards for her work, one in digital video category for her Style Out There and one in the fashion category. In 2019, she was awarded another Front Page Award in fashion. While at Refinery29, she became the executive director.",
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"text": "In 2021, she left Refinery29 and started working at Netflix.",
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"text": "In 2023, she wrote a multimedia essay titled \"I Got My Name From Connie Chung. So Did They\" for The New York Times, which was about how Connie Chung inspired a generation to name their daughters after her. That multimedia essay would go on to win an 2023 Online Journalism Award in the Online Commentary, Personal Narrative category. Also in 2023, she published her first book Oh My Mother!, a collection of short stories about her relationship with her mother.",
"title": "Work and publications"
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] | Connie Wang is a Chinese American journalist and writer. She was the former executive director of Refinery29 and has been awarded several Front Page Awards for digital video and fashion. Her multimedia essay published in The New York Times won the Online Commentary, Personal Narrative Online Journalism Award in 2023. | 2023-12-15T04:36:37Z | 2023-12-16T09:52:35Z | [
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75,568,394 | Marian Douglas | Marian Douglas was the pen name of Annie Douglas Green Robinson (1842-1913), an American children's poet.
Annie Douglas Green was born in Plymouth, New Hampshire, in 1842.
Her first published poem appeared, when she was fifteen, in the Southern Literary Messenger, whose editor, John R. Thompson, the poet of Virginia, showed much interest in her early verses. In 1861 and 1862, she, for a time, sent, weekly, a poem to the Boston Transcript, one of them, "The Soldier's Mother", being nearly as widely copied by the papers of the South as by those of the North. A little later, she became a contributor to Our Young Folks, and to The Nursery, a juvenile magazine of Boston.
A collection of her children's verses, titled Picture Poems for Young People, was issued in 1872. Some of these poems, as "The Motherless Turkeys", "Two Pictures", and others, were widely copied, both at in the U.S. and in England. A subsequent edition of this book was issued in 1882.
A small book in prose, Peter and Polly, a story of child-life in the American Revolution, appeared in 1876, and this, likewise, was favorably noticed by the reviewers. The New York Evening Post, characterizing it as "delicious in its artistic simplicity." Since her first volume, however, Douglas has allowed her verses to remain uncollected, and they became wildly scattered, some of those originally appearing in the Atlantic, Scribner's, The Galaxy, and elsewhere. Many of her later poems were brief, like "The Rose" and "The Yellow Leaf", and have found place in Harper's Bazar, to which paper she was an occasional contributor for many years.
Douglas was a resident of Bristol, New Hampshire. | [
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"text": "Her first published poem appeared, when she was fifteen, in the Southern Literary Messenger, whose editor, John R. Thompson, the poet of Virginia, showed much interest in her early verses. In 1861 and 1862, she, for a time, sent, weekly, a poem to the Boston Transcript, one of them, \"The Soldier's Mother\", being nearly as widely copied by the papers of the South as by those of the North. A little later, she became a contributor to Our Young Folks, and to The Nursery, a juvenile magazine of Boston.",
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"text": "A collection of her children's verses, titled Picture Poems for Young People, was issued in 1872. Some of these poems, as \"The Motherless Turkeys\", \"Two Pictures\", and others, were widely copied, both at in the U.S. and in England. A subsequent edition of this book was issued in 1882.",
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},
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"text": "A small book in prose, Peter and Polly, a story of child-life in the American Revolution, appeared in 1876, and this, likewise, was favorably noticed by the reviewers. The New York Evening Post, characterizing it as \"delicious in its artistic simplicity.\" Since her first volume, however, Douglas has allowed her verses to remain uncollected, and they became wildly scattered, some of those originally appearing in the Atlantic, Scribner's, The Galaxy, and elsewhere. Many of her later poems were brief, like \"The Rose\" and \"The Yellow Leaf\", and have found place in Harper's Bazar, to which paper she was an occasional contributor for many years.",
"title": ""
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"text": "Douglas was a resident of Bristol, New Hampshire.",
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] | Marian Douglas was the pen name of Annie Douglas Green Robinson (1842-1913), an American children's poet. Annie Douglas Green was born in Plymouth, New Hampshire, in 1842. Her first published poem appeared, when she was fifteen, in the Southern Literary Messenger, whose editor, John R. Thompson, the poet of Virginia, showed much interest in her early verses. In 1861 and 1862, she, for a time, sent, weekly, a poem to the Boston Transcript, one of them, "The Soldier's Mother", being nearly as widely copied by the papers of the South as by those of the North. A little later, she became a contributor to Our Young Folks, and to The Nursery, a juvenile magazine of Boston. A collection of her children's verses, titled Picture Poems for Young People, was issued in 1872. Some of these poems, as "The Motherless Turkeys", "Two Pictures", and others, were widely copied, both at in the U.S. and in England. A subsequent edition of this book was issued in 1882. A small book in prose, Peter and Polly, a story of child-life in the American Revolution, appeared in 1876, and this, likewise, was favorably noticed by the reviewers. The New York Evening Post, characterizing it as "delicious in its artistic simplicity." Since her first volume, however, Douglas has allowed her verses to remain uncollected, and they became wildly scattered, some of those originally appearing in the Atlantic, Scribner's, The Galaxy, and elsewhere. Many of her later poems were brief, like "The Rose" and "The Yellow Leaf", and have found place in Harper's Bazar, to which paper she was an occasional contributor for many years. Douglas was a resident of Bristol, New Hampshire. | 2023-12-15T04:37:45Z | 2023-12-15T18:31:55Z | [
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75,568,398 | Kindling hypothesis of depression | The kindling hypothesis of depression posits that each period of depression in someone with major depressive disorder (MDD) causes neurological changes that predispose the person to future episodes. While the first episode of depression is often triggered by major life events, future episodes are less likely to be tied to circumstantial factors. There is some evidence to support the kindling hypothesis.
A 2022 review in Cureus focused on similarities between MDD and fibromyalgia and argues for a role of kindling in both disorders. | [
{
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"text": "The kindling hypothesis of depression posits that each period of depression in someone with major depressive disorder (MDD) causes neurological changes that predispose the person to future episodes. While the first episode of depression is often triggered by major life events, future episodes are less likely to be tied to circumstantial factors. There is some evidence to support the kindling hypothesis.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "A 2022 review in Cureus focused on similarities between MDD and fibromyalgia and argues for a role of kindling in both disorders.",
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] | The kindling hypothesis of depression posits that each period of depression in someone with major depressive disorder (MDD) causes neurological changes that predispose the person to future episodes. While the first episode of depression is often triggered by major life events, future episodes are less likely to be tied to circumstantial factors. There is some evidence to support the kindling hypothesis. A 2022 review in Cureus focused on similarities between MDD and fibromyalgia and argues for a role of kindling in both disorders. | 2023-12-15T04:38:05Z | 2023-12-18T03:14:56Z | [
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75,568,400 | Yongan PV Power Plant | The Yongan PV Power Plant (traditional Chinese: 永安太陽光電場; simplified Chinese: 永安太阳光电场; pinyin: Yǒng'ān Tàiyáng Guāngdiànchǎng) is a photovoltaic power plant in Yongan District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
The power plant was commissioned in 2011.
The power plant covers an area of 9.45 hectares.
The power plant has an installed capacity of 5 MW and can generate 6 GWh of electricity annually. It is equipped with 1 MW/1 MWh energy storage system. | [
{
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"text": "The Yongan PV Power Plant (traditional Chinese: 永安太陽光電場; simplified Chinese: 永安太阳光电场; pinyin: Yǒng'ān Tàiyáng Guāngdiànchǎng) is a photovoltaic power plant in Yongan District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.",
"title": ""
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"text": "The power plant was commissioned in 2011.",
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"text": "The power plant covers an area of 9.45 hectares.",
"title": "Architecture"
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"text": "The power plant has an installed capacity of 5 MW and can generate 6 GWh of electricity annually. It is equipped with 1 MW/1 MWh energy storage system.",
"title": "Technical specifications"
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{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
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] | The Yongan PV Power Plant is a photovoltaic power plant in Yongan District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. | 2023-12-15T04:38:09Z | 2023-12-15T07:09:36Z | [
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75,568,417 | Morgenstern (surname) | Morgenstern is a German surname that is also used in Scandinavia and is common among Ashkenazi Jews. It literally means "morning star" and is sometimes anglicized as Morningstar. It may refer to: | [
{
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"text": "Morgenstern is a German surname that is also used in Scandinavia and is common among Ashkenazi Jews. It literally means \"morning star\" and is sometimes anglicized as Morningstar. It may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | Morgenstern is a German surname that is also used in Scandinavia and is common among Ashkenazi Jews. It literally means "morning star" and is sometimes anglicized as Morningstar. It may refer to: | 2023-12-15T04:39:32Z | 2023-12-15T11:06:57Z | [
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75,568,421 | Jivan Ghimire | Jivan Ghimire (Nepali: जीवन घिमिरे)is a Nepalese politician and member of the CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist) Party. He has served as the Minister for Social Development of Koshi Province. He was also a member of the 1st Koshi Provincial Assembly and was elected from Morang 4 (B) constituency. | [
{
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"text": "Jivan Ghimire (Nepali: जीवन घिमिरे)is a Nepalese politician and member of the CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist) Party. He has served as the Minister for Social Development of Koshi Province. He was also a member of the 1st Koshi Provincial Assembly and was elected from Morang 4 (B) constituency.",
"title": ""
}
] | Jivan Ghimireis a Nepalese politician and member of the CPN Party. He has served as the Minister for Social Development of Koshi Province. He was also a member of the 1st Koshi Provincial Assembly and was elected from Morang 4 (B) constituency. | 2023-12-15T04:40:01Z | 2023-12-31T03:36:52Z | [
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75,568,455 | Ellie Hack | Ellie Hack (born 12 June 2002) is an English professional footballer who plays as a defender for Lewes of the FA Women's Championship. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Ellie Hack (born 12 June 2002) is an English professional footballer who plays as a defender for Lewes of the FA Women's Championship.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "",
"title": "Career statistics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "",
"title": "External links"
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] | Ellie Hack is an English professional footballer who plays as a defender for Lewes of the FA Women's Championship. | 2023-12-15T04:44:07Z | 2023-12-19T22:58:29Z | [
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75,568,469 | Diarrhena obovata | Diarrhena obovata, the hairy beakgrain or obovate beakgrain, is a species of flowering plant in the cool-season grass subfamily Pooideae. It is native to the north-central and east-central United States. A perennial reaching 4 ft (1.2 m), it is typically found growing in rich woodlands. | [
{
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"text": "Diarrhena obovata, the hairy beakgrain or obovate beakgrain, is a species of flowering plant in the cool-season grass subfamily Pooideae. It is native to the north-central and east-central United States. A perennial reaching 4 ft (1.2 m), it is typically found growing in rich woodlands.",
"title": ""
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] | Diarrhena obovata, the hairy beakgrain or obovate beakgrain, is a species of flowering plant in the cool-season grass subfamily Pooideae. It is native to the north-central and east-central United States. A perennial reaching 4 ft (1.2 m), it is typically found growing in rich woodlands. | 2023-12-15T04:47:46Z | 2023-12-15T04:47:46Z | [
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75,568,486 | List of songs recorded by Fey | Fey is a Mexican singer who started her career in 1995. She released 7 studio albums throughout the 90's and 00's and has released several stand-alone singles in recent years.
* Category:Lists of songs recorded by Mexican artists | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Fey is a Mexican singer who started her career in 1995. She released 7 studio albums throughout the 90's and 00's and has released several stand-alone singles in recent years.",
"title": ""
},
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"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "* Category:Lists of songs recorded by Mexican artists",
"title": "References"
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] | Comment: Can you find any better sources than Apple music? BuySomeApples (talk) 22:06, 19 December 2023 (UTC) Fey is a Mexican singer who started her career in 1995. She released 7 studio albums throughout the 90's and 00's and has released several stand-alone singles in recent years. | 2023-12-15T04:51:07Z | 2023-12-31T19:52:44Z | [
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75,568,498 | Premalatha Vijayakanth | [] | 2023-12-15T04:52:54Z | 2023-12-31T05:46:50Z | [] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premalatha_Vijayakanth |
||
75,568,503 | Emrecan Terzi | Serkan Emrecan Terzi (born 5 January 2004) is a Turkish professional footballer who plays as a left-back for the Süper Lig Beşiktaş.
Terzi is a youth product of Altinova Belediyespor and Beşiktaş. On 18 March 2022, he signed his first professional contract with Beşiktaş. On 12 January 2023, he moved to Karacabey Belediyespor on loan in the TFF Second League where he began his senior career. He made his professional debut with Beşiktaş in a 2–0 UEFA Europa Conference League win over Lugano on 14 December 2023, scoring his side's second goal.
Terzi is a youth international for Türkiye, having played for the Türkiye U18s in 2021.
Terzi's father passed away the day after naming his child after getting hit by a bus at work. | [
{
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"text": "Serkan Emrecan Terzi (born 5 January 2004) is a Turkish professional footballer who plays as a left-back for the Süper Lig Beşiktaş.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Terzi is a youth product of Altinova Belediyespor and Beşiktaş. On 18 March 2022, he signed his first professional contract with Beşiktaş. On 12 January 2023, he moved to Karacabey Belediyespor on loan in the TFF Second League where he began his senior career. He made his professional debut with Beşiktaş in a 2–0 UEFA Europa Conference League win over Lugano on 14 December 2023, scoring his side's second goal.",
"title": "Club career"
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{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Terzi is a youth international for Türkiye, having played for the Türkiye U18s in 2021.",
"title": "International career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Terzi's father passed away the day after naming his child after getting hit by a bus at work.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | Serkan Emrecan Terzi is a Turkish professional footballer who plays as a left-back for the Süper Lig Beşiktaş. | 2023-12-15T04:53:18Z | 2023-12-15T04:53:43Z | [
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75,568,504 | Phil Clements | Phillip Clements (born 29 March 1952) is an Australian former rugby union international.
Clements, born in Goulburn, grew up playing rugby league as a back, until picking up rugby union during high school and establishing himself as a lock. He had the distinction of captaining Sydney Combined Second Division schools.
A Parramatta first-grade player, Clements didn't gain Wallabies selection until the age of 30 for the 1982 New Zealand tour, following good performances for the Sydney representative side. He was capped in the 3rd Test at Eden Park. | [
{
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"text": "Phillip Clements (born 29 March 1952) is an Australian former rugby union international.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Clements, born in Goulburn, grew up playing rugby league as a back, until picking up rugby union during high school and establishing himself as a lock. He had the distinction of captaining Sydney Combined Second Division schools.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "A Parramatta first-grade player, Clements didn't gain Wallabies selection until the age of 30 for the 1982 New Zealand tour, following good performances for the Sydney representative side. He was capped in the 3rd Test at Eden Park.",
"title": ""
}
] | Phillip Clements is an Australian former rugby union international. Clements, born in Goulburn, grew up playing rugby league as a back, until picking up rugby union during high school and establishing himself as a lock. He had the distinction of captaining Sydney Combined Second Division schools. A Parramatta first-grade player, Clements didn't gain Wallabies selection until the age of 30 for the 1982 New Zealand tour, following good performances for the Sydney representative side. He was capped in the 3rd Test at Eden Park. | 2023-12-15T04:53:24Z | 2023-12-15T04:56:49Z | [
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75,568,508 | 2024 Supersport 300 World Championship | The 2024 Supersport 300 World Championship was the eighth season of the Supersport 300 World Championship. Jeffrey Buis was world champion in this class last year at the Portuguese round. The Dutchman who created WorldSSP300 history with his second title.
The provisional 2024 season calendar was announced on 26 October 2023. | [
{
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"text": "The 2024 Supersport 300 World Championship was the eighth season of the Supersport 300 World Championship. Jeffrey Buis was world champion in this class last year at the Portuguese round. The Dutchman who created WorldSSP300 history with his second title.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The provisional 2024 season calendar was announced on 26 October 2023.",
"title": "Race calendar and results"
}
] | The 2024 Supersport 300 World Championship was the eighth season of the Supersport 300 World Championship. Jeffrey Buis was world champion in this class last year at the Portuguese round. The Dutchman who created WorldSSP300 history with his second title. | 2023-12-15T04:53:56Z | 2023-12-28T01:40:39Z | [
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75,568,542 | List of Chinese films of 2023 | The following is a list of Chinese films released in 2023.
The highest-grossing Chinese films released in 2023, by domestic box office gross revenue, are as follows: | [
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},
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"text": "The highest-grossing Chinese films released in 2023, by domestic box office gross revenue, are as follows:",
"title": "Box office"
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] | The following is a list of Chinese films released in 2023. | 2023-12-15T05:02:53Z | 2023-12-15T05:02:53Z | [
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75,568,546 | 8th Parliament of Kazakhstan | The Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan of the 8th convocation (Kazakh: Сегізінші шақырылған Қазақстан Республикасы Парламенті, romanized: Segızınşı şaqyrılğan Qazaqstan Respublikasy Parlamentı; Russian: Парламент Республики Казахстан восьмого созыва) is the current convocation of the Parliament of Kazakhstan.
Following the 2023 legislative election to the lower house Mäjilis, where the composition of the parliament was determined through mixed-member majoritarian representation for the first time since 2004, a total of 98 Mäjilis deputies were elected with 69 from party-list proportional representation and 29 representing the newly reestablished single-mandate territorial constituencies. Since the 3rd Mäjilis, more than three parties had managed to overcome the 5% electoral threshold, leading to the 8th Mäjilis consisting of six parties forming their own factions.
The 8th Parliament of Kazakhstan was first convened in its plenary session on 29 March 2023, under a presidential decree briefly signed by Kassym-Jomart Tokayev.
The leadership consisted of the Bureau of the Mäjilis, a coordinating body formed under the Chairman of the Mäjilis. The bureau includes deputy chairmen, chairmen of the standing committees, as well as heads of parliamentary factions of political parties represented in the Mäjilis.
The first plenary session of the new Mäjilis convocation is opened and chaired by the chairman of the Central Election Commission (Nurlan Äbdirov) until a Mäjilis chairman is elected, who opens, conducts and closes plenary sessions of the chamber. The chairman of Mäjilis is accompanied by his deputy chairmen who perform his or her individual functions.
Erlan Qoşanov's chairmanship was endorsed by Amanat deputy Baktykozha Izmukhambetov during the opening convocation of the 8th Mäjilis. His candidature was unimously supported by all factions, thus making running uncontested to the post. In a subsequent parliamentary vote, Qoşanov was officially re-elected as the chairman of Mäjilis from all present 98 votes.
Six parties managed to overcome the 5% electoral threshold, thus being able to form their own factions. Seven independents elected from single-member districts (including one deputy affiliated with Amanat) served as part of unaffiliated caucus.
The formation of committees and their leaderships were determined by the newly elected deputies during the first meeting in the first plenary session of the 8th Mäjilis on 29 March 2023.
The newly-elected 8th Mäjilis composition included 80 men (81.6%) and 18 women (18.4%). The average age of a member is 48 years old (as of March 2023). Under 35 years old – 12 members; from 35 to 59 years old – 69 members; over 60 years – 17 members. The 8th Mäjilis also included 34 members from previous convocations. Overall, the members represent various fields of activity: civil service, business, non-governmental organizations, education, medicine, etc. The national composition of the 8th Mäjilis is represented by various ethnic groups including Kazakhs, Russians, Germans, Belarusians, and Azerbaijanis. | [
{
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"text": "The Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan of the 8th convocation (Kazakh: Сегізінші шақырылған Қазақстан Республикасы Парламенті, romanized: Segızınşı şaqyrılğan Qazaqstan Respublikasy Parlamentı; Russian: Парламент Республики Казахстан восьмого созыва) is the current convocation of the Parliament of Kazakhstan.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Following the 2023 legislative election to the lower house Mäjilis, where the composition of the parliament was determined through mixed-member majoritarian representation for the first time since 2004, a total of 98 Mäjilis deputies were elected with 69 from party-list proportional representation and 29 representing the newly reestablished single-mandate territorial constituencies. Since the 3rd Mäjilis, more than three parties had managed to overcome the 5% electoral threshold, leading to the 8th Mäjilis consisting of six parties forming their own factions.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The 8th Parliament of Kazakhstan was first convened in its plenary session on 29 March 2023, under a presidential decree briefly signed by Kassym-Jomart Tokayev.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The leadership consisted of the Bureau of the Mäjilis, a coordinating body formed under the Chairman of the Mäjilis. The bureau includes deputy chairmen, chairmen of the standing committees, as well as heads of parliamentary factions of political parties represented in the Mäjilis.",
"title": "8th Mäjilis"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The first plenary session of the new Mäjilis convocation is opened and chaired by the chairman of the Central Election Commission (Nurlan Äbdirov) until a Mäjilis chairman is elected, who opens, conducts and closes plenary sessions of the chamber. The chairman of Mäjilis is accompanied by his deputy chairmen who perform his or her individual functions.",
"title": "8th Mäjilis"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Erlan Qoşanov's chairmanship was endorsed by Amanat deputy Baktykozha Izmukhambetov during the opening convocation of the 8th Mäjilis. His candidature was unimously supported by all factions, thus making running uncontested to the post. In a subsequent parliamentary vote, Qoşanov was officially re-elected as the chairman of Mäjilis from all present 98 votes.",
"title": "8th Mäjilis"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Six parties managed to overcome the 5% electoral threshold, thus being able to form their own factions. Seven independents elected from single-member districts (including one deputy affiliated with Amanat) served as part of unaffiliated caucus.",
"title": "8th Mäjilis"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The formation of committees and their leaderships were determined by the newly elected deputies during the first meeting in the first plenary session of the 8th Mäjilis on 29 March 2023.",
"title": "8th Mäjilis"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The newly-elected 8th Mäjilis composition included 80 men (81.6%) and 18 women (18.4%). The average age of a member is 48 years old (as of March 2023). Under 35 years old – 12 members; from 35 to 59 years old – 69 members; over 60 years – 17 members. The 8th Mäjilis also included 34 members from previous convocations. Overall, the members represent various fields of activity: civil service, business, non-governmental organizations, education, medicine, etc. The national composition of the 8th Mäjilis is represented by various ethnic groups including Kazakhs, Russians, Germans, Belarusians, and Azerbaijanis.",
"title": "8th Mäjilis"
}
] | The Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan of the 8th convocation is the current convocation of the Parliament of Kazakhstan. Following the 2023 legislative election to the lower house Mäjilis, where the composition of the parliament was determined through mixed-member majoritarian representation for the first time since 2004, a total of 98 Mäjilis deputies were elected with 69 from party-list proportional representation and 29 representing the newly reestablished single-mandate territorial constituencies. Since the 3rd Mäjilis, more than three parties had managed to overcome the 5% electoral threshold, leading to the 8th Mäjilis consisting of six parties forming their own factions. The 8th Parliament of Kazakhstan was first convened in its plenary session on 29 March 2023, under a presidential decree briefly signed by Kassym-Jomart Tokayev. | 2023-12-15T05:04:34Z | 2023-12-23T00:14:15Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8th_Parliament_of_Kazakhstan |
75,568,553 | Pelecyphora lloydii | Pelecyphora lloydii is a species of flowering plant in the family Cactaceae, native to Mexico.
Pelecyphora lloydii grows with several shoots and often forms cushions. There are corked bald warts on the shoots. The several strong central spines are up to 2 centimeters long. Its approximately 20 slender and radiating marginal spines are white.
The greenish flowers are up to 2.5 centimeters long. The red, spherical fruits are 6 to 12 millimeters long.
Pelecyphora lloydii is widespread in the Mexican state of Zacatecas.
The first description by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose was published in 1923. The specific epithet lloydii honors the British cytologist Francis Ernest Lloyd (1868–1947). David Aquino & Daniel Sánchez moved the species to Pelecyphora based on phylogenetic studies in 2022. Nomenclature synonyms are Coryphantha lloydii (Britton & Rose) Fosberg (1931), Neobesseya lloydii (Britton & Rose) Lodé (2013) and Escobaria lloydii Britton & Rose (1923).
Media related to Pelecyphora lloydii at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Pelecyphora lloydii at Wikispecies | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Pelecyphora lloydii is a species of flowering plant in the family Cactaceae, native to Mexico.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Pelecyphora lloydii grows with several shoots and often forms cushions. There are corked bald warts on the shoots. The several strong central spines are up to 2 centimeters long. Its approximately 20 slender and radiating marginal spines are white.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The greenish flowers are up to 2.5 centimeters long. The red, spherical fruits are 6 to 12 millimeters long.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Pelecyphora lloydii is widespread in the Mexican state of Zacatecas.",
"title": "Distribution"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The first description by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose was published in 1923. The specific epithet lloydii honors the British cytologist Francis Ernest Lloyd (1868–1947). David Aquino & Daniel Sánchez moved the species to Pelecyphora based on phylogenetic studies in 2022. Nomenclature synonyms are Coryphantha lloydii (Britton & Rose) Fosberg (1931), Neobesseya lloydii (Britton & Rose) Lodé (2013) and Escobaria lloydii Britton & Rose (1923).",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Media related to Pelecyphora lloydii at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Pelecyphora lloydii at Wikispecies",
"title": "External links"
}
] | Pelecyphora lloydii is a species of flowering plant in the family Cactaceae, native to Mexico. | 2023-12-15T05:06:26Z | 2023-12-21T11:45:16Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelecyphora_lloydii |
75,568,588 | Y/N | Y/N is a 2023 novel by Esther Yi about a Korean American author of self-insert fanfiction in Berlin who flies to Seoul to find the K-pop idol Moon, whom she is obsessed with, after he abruptly retires and disappears. Yi's debut novel, it was published on March 21, 2023, by Astra House.
In Berlin, the Korean American narrator works as a copywriter for a business selling canned artichoke hearts and has a boyfriend, Masterson, an academic. Her flatmate Vavra offers her a spare ticket to a concert of a K-pop boy band, and after attending, the narrator falls in love with the youngest member, Moon. She begins posting self-insert fanfiction of him online, and following his sudden retirement and disappearance, flies to Seoul to find him. In Seoul, a shoe-factory worker O approaches her, surprised to find a stranger wearing soles she had created, and secretly enters the narrator into a lottery. The narrator wins a trip to Polygon Plaza, the headquarters of the boy band's company, and is driven to a gated compound outside the city, where she meets Moon.
The novel explores "the precarity of love, and how the modern self is forged less in community than in mass consumption." Yi stated that practicality is a question throughout the novel. She also expressed that Y/N was not intended to be a criticism of K-pop or celebrity culture, but that she was curious about that form of worship.
Kirkus Reviews said that Y/N uses pop music to make a larger argument about art and literature.
Nina Allan, writing for The Guardian, said the novel seems like a "zeitgeisty narrative of parasocial relationships", but that it alludes to the myths of Narcissus and Pygmalion where "obsessive love is more revealing of the lover than of the beloved." Allan concluded that Y/N is a "curious, cerebral work, shot through with moments of tender poetry and a vertiginous self-awareness." Alexandra Jacobs of The New York Times described the novel as an adult The Phantom Tollbooth, citing the plot which "floats in and out of surreality" and its "corkscrew turns of language". In a starred review, Publishers Weekly praised Yi's "distinctive voice and lush prose" in illustrating the narrator's obsession, which "verges on religious devotion".
Cat Zhang of Vulture contrasted Y/N to mainstream Western writing about K-pop, stating that rather than justifying why fans become obsessed, it "throws readers down the hole of obsession in all its fevered absurdity."
The Harvard Crimson rated the book three stars, stating that the novel "finds itself incompatible with the stark instantaneity of Yi's prose" and "[tries] to do too much".
Cosmopolitan listed Y/N as one of the 30 best books of 2023 so far as of April. Time also listed the novel as one of the 100 must-read books of 2023.
Y/N was shortlisted for the 2023 Center for Fiction First Novel Prize. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Y/N is a 2023 novel by Esther Yi about a Korean American author of self-insert fanfiction in Berlin who flies to Seoul to find the K-pop idol Moon, whom she is obsessed with, after he abruptly retires and disappears. Yi's debut novel, it was published on March 21, 2023, by Astra House.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In Berlin, the Korean American narrator works as a copywriter for a business selling canned artichoke hearts and has a boyfriend, Masterson, an academic. Her flatmate Vavra offers her a spare ticket to a concert of a K-pop boy band, and after attending, the narrator falls in love with the youngest member, Moon. She begins posting self-insert fanfiction of him online, and following his sudden retirement and disappearance, flies to Seoul to find him. In Seoul, a shoe-factory worker O approaches her, surprised to find a stranger wearing soles she had created, and secretly enters the narrator into a lottery. The narrator wins a trip to Polygon Plaza, the headquarters of the boy band's company, and is driven to a gated compound outside the city, where she meets Moon.",
"title": "Plot summary"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The novel explores \"the precarity of love, and how the modern self is forged less in community than in mass consumption.\" Yi stated that practicality is a question throughout the novel. She also expressed that Y/N was not intended to be a criticism of K-pop or celebrity culture, but that she was curious about that form of worship.",
"title": "Themes"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Kirkus Reviews said that Y/N uses pop music to make a larger argument about art and literature.",
"title": "Themes"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Nina Allan, writing for The Guardian, said the novel seems like a \"zeitgeisty narrative of parasocial relationships\", but that it alludes to the myths of Narcissus and Pygmalion where \"obsessive love is more revealing of the lover than of the beloved.\" Allan concluded that Y/N is a \"curious, cerebral work, shot through with moments of tender poetry and a vertiginous self-awareness.\" Alexandra Jacobs of The New York Times described the novel as an adult The Phantom Tollbooth, citing the plot which \"floats in and out of surreality\" and its \"corkscrew turns of language\". In a starred review, Publishers Weekly praised Yi's \"distinctive voice and lush prose\" in illustrating the narrator's obsession, which \"verges on religious devotion\".",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Cat Zhang of Vulture contrasted Y/N to mainstream Western writing about K-pop, stating that rather than justifying why fans become obsessed, it \"throws readers down the hole of obsession in all its fevered absurdity.\"",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The Harvard Crimson rated the book three stars, stating that the novel \"finds itself incompatible with the stark instantaneity of Yi's prose\" and \"[tries] to do too much\".",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Cosmopolitan listed Y/N as one of the 30 best books of 2023 so far as of April. Time also listed the novel as one of the 100 must-read books of 2023.",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Y/N was shortlisted for the 2023 Center for Fiction First Novel Prize.",
"title": "Reception"
}
] | Y/N is a 2023 novel by Esther Yi about a Korean American author of self-insert fanfiction in Berlin who flies to Seoul to find the K-pop idol Moon, whom she is obsessed with, after he abruptly retires and disappears. Yi's debut novel, it was published on March 21, 2023, by Astra House. | 2023-12-15T05:16:21Z | 2023-12-29T16:11:32Z | [
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75,568,593 | Padsvillye | Padsvillye (Belarusian: Падсвілле, romanized: Padsvillie; Russian: Подсвилье, romanized: Podsvilye) is an urban-type settlement in Hlybokaye District, Vitebsk Region, Belarus. As of 2023, it has a population of 1,965. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Padsvillye (Belarusian: Падсвілле, romanized: Padsvillie; Russian: Подсвилье, romanized: Podsvilye) is an urban-type settlement in Hlybokaye District, Vitebsk Region, Belarus. As of 2023, it has a population of 1,965.",
"title": ""
}
] | Padsvillye is an urban-type settlement in Hlybokaye District, Vitebsk Region, Belarus. As of 2023, it has a population of 1,965. | 2023-12-15T05:17:43Z | 2023-12-30T02:58:36Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padsvillye |
75,568,617 | Thelma Eninger | Thelma Eninger (born 23 December 2001) is a French footballer who plays as a Midfielder for Reims. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Thelma Eninger (born 23 December 2001) is a French footballer who plays as a Midfielder for Reims.",
"title": ""
}
] | Thelma Eninger is a French footballer who plays as a Midfielder for Reims. | 2023-12-15T05:21:53Z | 2023-12-31T01:29:48Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thelma_Eninger |
75,568,623 | 2023–24 Florida Atlantic Owls women's basketball team | The 2023–24 Florida Atlantic Owls women's basketball team represents Florida Atlantic University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Owls, led by third-year head coach Jennifer Sullivan, play their home games at Eleanor R. Baldwin Arena in Boca Raton, Florida as first year members of the American Athletic Conference.
The Owls finished the 2022–23 season 12–18, 5–15 in C-USA play to finish in a tie for tenth (last) place. As the #11 seed in the C-USA tournament, they lost to #6 seed UTSA in the first round. This was the Owls' final season as members of Conference USA, as they moved to the American Athletic Conference effective July 1, 2023.
Sources: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2023–24 Florida Atlantic Owls women's basketball team represents Florida Atlantic University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Owls, led by third-year head coach Jennifer Sullivan, play their home games at Eleanor R. Baldwin Arena in Boca Raton, Florida as first year members of the American Athletic Conference.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The Owls finished the 2022–23 season 12–18, 5–15 in C-USA play to finish in a tie for tenth (last) place. As the #11 seed in the C-USA tournament, they lost to #6 seed UTSA in the first round. This was the Owls' final season as members of Conference USA, as they moved to the American Athletic Conference effective July 1, 2023.",
"title": "Previous season"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Sources:",
"title": "Schedule and results"
}
] | The 2023–24 Florida Atlantic Owls women's basketball team represents Florida Atlantic University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Owls, led by third-year head coach Jennifer Sullivan, play their home games at Eleanor R. Baldwin Arena in Boca Raton, Florida as first year members of the American Athletic Conference. | 2023-12-15T05:23:16Z | 2023-12-18T22:06:31Z | [
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75,568,646 | 2024 Challenge Tour | The 2024 Challenge Tour will be the 36th season of the Challenge Tour, the official development tour to the European Tour.
The following table lists official events during the 2024 season. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2024 Challenge Tour will be the 36th season of the Challenge Tour, the official development tour to the European Tour.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The following table lists official events during the 2024 season.",
"title": "Schedule"
}
] | The 2024 Challenge Tour will be the 36th season of the Challenge Tour, the official development tour to the European Tour. | 2023-12-15T05:27:20Z | 2023-12-18T13:19:34Z | [
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75,568,682 | Steel Lake (Washington) | Steel Lake is a lake located in the city of Federal Way in southern King County, Washington, United States. Steel Lake Park is located on its southern shore.
The first homesteaders moved to the Federal Way area in 1871. The lake was named for Arthur Steele, one of these early settlers.
In 2022, the city of Federal Way planned to develop the Steel Lake Annex, an 11-acre (4.5 ha) plot south of the main Steel Lake Park. The city proposed a new operations and maintenance facility on this site, which would house trucks, tractors, and other heavy equipment. The plan encountered great local opposition, as the annex is a popular public space that includes ballfields and a skate park; the city abandoned the proposal in 2023.
In May 2022, raw sewage leaked into the lake, which forced it to be closed temporarily from May 27 to June 6.
Steel Lake has many recreational opportunities. The 52-acre Steel Lake Park includes a beach and play area, and is especially popular in the summer. The lake also has many fishing opportunities. It is stocked with rainbow trout, and is also home to largemouth bass and yellow perch. It is one of only ten lakes in King County that has a seasonal fishing closure to protect fish populations.
The lake is mesotrophic. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Steel Lake is a lake located in the city of Federal Way in southern King County, Washington, United States. Steel Lake Park is located on its southern shore.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The first homesteaders moved to the Federal Way area in 1871. The lake was named for Arthur Steele, one of these early settlers.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 2022, the city of Federal Way planned to develop the Steel Lake Annex, an 11-acre (4.5 ha) plot south of the main Steel Lake Park. The city proposed a new operations and maintenance facility on this site, which would house trucks, tractors, and other heavy equipment. The plan encountered great local opposition, as the annex is a popular public space that includes ballfields and a skate park; the city abandoned the proposal in 2023.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In May 2022, raw sewage leaked into the lake, which forced it to be closed temporarily from May 27 to June 6.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Steel Lake has many recreational opportunities. The 52-acre Steel Lake Park includes a beach and play area, and is especially popular in the summer. The lake also has many fishing opportunities. It is stocked with rainbow trout, and is also home to largemouth bass and yellow perch. It is one of only ten lakes in King County that has a seasonal fishing closure to protect fish populations.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The lake is mesotrophic.",
"title": "Description"
}
] | Steel Lake is a lake located in the city of Federal Way in southern King County, Washington, United States. Steel Lake Park is located on its southern shore. | 2023-12-15T05:36:59Z | 2023-12-18T17:44:07Z | [
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75,568,719 | Liu Ho-chien | Liu Ho-chien (Chinese: 劉和謙; 28 August 1926 – 14 December 2023) was a Taiwanese admiral who commanded the Republic of China Navy in the 1980s and served as Chief of the General Staff in the 1990s.
A native of Hefei, born in 1926, Liu first applied to attend the Republic of China Naval Academy at the age of fourteen, by writing Saving the Nation by Joining the Navy, (海軍救國論), and was a member of the academy's graduating class of 1947.
Liu was Commander of the Republic of China Navy from 1983 to 1988, then became an adviser to president Lee Teng-hui. Lee appointed Liu Chief of the General Staff in 1991, and Liu held the post until 1995. Liu voluntarily vacated his position on the Central Standing Committee of the Kuomintang in 1992, representing efforts to nationalize the Republic of China Armed Forces. Liu was succeeded as chief of the general staff by Luo Ben-li [zh] in 1995, and awarded the Order of Blue Sky and White Sun that same year. Liu subsequently returned to the Office of the President as an adviser for Lee Teng-hui, Chen Shui-bian, Ma Ying-jeou, and Tsai Ing-wen. In 2000, Liu was investigated for his potential connection to the murder of Yin Ching-feng [zh], following allegations of Liu's involvement being publicized in March 1998 by Yin's younger brother, which later uncovered the Lafayette-class frigate scandal. During the investigation in 2000, Liu was barred from leaving Taiwan, and became the highest-ranking military officer subjected to such a restriction.
Liu died on 14 December 2023, at the age of 97, and was buried at Wuzhi Mountain Military Cemetery. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Liu Ho-chien (Chinese: 劉和謙; 28 August 1926 – 14 December 2023) was a Taiwanese admiral who commanded the Republic of China Navy in the 1980s and served as Chief of the General Staff in the 1990s.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "A native of Hefei, born in 1926, Liu first applied to attend the Republic of China Naval Academy at the age of fourteen, by writing Saving the Nation by Joining the Navy, (海軍救國論), and was a member of the academy's graduating class of 1947.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Liu was Commander of the Republic of China Navy from 1983 to 1988, then became an adviser to president Lee Teng-hui. Lee appointed Liu Chief of the General Staff in 1991, and Liu held the post until 1995. Liu voluntarily vacated his position on the Central Standing Committee of the Kuomintang in 1992, representing efforts to nationalize the Republic of China Armed Forces. Liu was succeeded as chief of the general staff by Luo Ben-li [zh] in 1995, and awarded the Order of Blue Sky and White Sun that same year. Liu subsequently returned to the Office of the President as an adviser for Lee Teng-hui, Chen Shui-bian, Ma Ying-jeou, and Tsai Ing-wen. In 2000, Liu was investigated for his potential connection to the murder of Yin Ching-feng [zh], following allegations of Liu's involvement being publicized in March 1998 by Yin's younger brother, which later uncovered the Lafayette-class frigate scandal. During the investigation in 2000, Liu was barred from leaving Taiwan, and became the highest-ranking military officer subjected to such a restriction.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Liu died on 14 December 2023, at the age of 97, and was buried at Wuzhi Mountain Military Cemetery.",
"title": ""
}
] | Liu Ho-chien was a Taiwanese admiral who commanded the Republic of China Navy in the 1980s and served as Chief of the General Staff in the 1990s. A native of Hefei, born in 1926, Liu first applied to attend the Republic of China Naval Academy at the age of fourteen, by writing Saving the Nation by Joining the Navy, (海軍救國論), and was a member of the academy's graduating class of 1947. Liu was Commander of the Republic of China Navy from 1983 to 1988, then became an adviser to president Lee Teng-hui. Lee appointed Liu Chief of the General Staff in 1991, and Liu held the post until 1995. Liu voluntarily vacated his position on the Central Standing Committee of the Kuomintang in 1992, representing efforts to nationalize the Republic of China Armed Forces. Liu was succeeded as chief of the general staff by Luo Ben-li in 1995, and awarded the Order of Blue Sky and White Sun that same year. Liu subsequently returned to the Office of the President as an adviser for Lee Teng-hui, Chen Shui-bian, Ma Ying-jeou, and Tsai Ing-wen. In 2000, Liu was investigated for his potential connection to the murder of Yin Ching-feng, following allegations of Liu's involvement being publicized in March 1998 by Yin's younger brother, which later uncovered the Lafayette-class frigate scandal. During the investigation in 2000, Liu was barred from leaving Taiwan, and became the highest-ranking military officer subjected to such a restriction. Liu died on 14 December 2023, at the age of 97, and was buried at Wuzhi Mountain Military Cemetery. | 2023-12-15T05:42:16Z | 2023-12-18T17:39:50Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liu_Ho-chien |
75,568,741 | Lasviyas | Lasviyas is an upcoming Maldivian film written and directed by Mohamed Niyaz. Produced by Niyaz under Eternal Pictures, the film stars Zoya Hassan Ibrahim, Ahmed Easa Mariyam Shifa and Washiya Mohamed in pivotal roles. The film is scheduled to be theatrically released on 12 April 2024.
Lasviyas was announced on 14 February 2017 through a teaser trailer as the second directorial venture of Mohamed Niyaz, following his critically and commercially successful film Dheriyaa (1994). Additional details of the film were scheduled to be disclosed during the official launch ceremony in March 2018. However, the event was postponed due to delays in pre-production. Niyaz completed the script in September 2018. In the same month, it was revealed that the film's soundtrack would feature five songs.
Zoya Hassan Ibrahim, the daughter of actress Niuma Mohamed, was unveiled as a key cast member in the film. Casting auditions were conducted in 2019 and early 2020 to finalize the lead roles. In July 2020, Niyaz re-evaluated the casting process. On 29 July 2020, actor Ahmed Easa was finalized as the lead actor of the film. Primary casting was finalized few days later, by announcing television presenter, Mariyam Shifa as the lead actress of the film. In July 2022, Niyaz revealde that veteran actor Fauziyya Hassan was roped in to play a brief yet important role in the film, tailored specifically for her. As Hassan resided abroad during the filming period, Niyaz considered five other actresses for the role before she accepted it in June 2022. The film stands as Hassan's final cinematic work, as she passed away on 31 August 2022, while receiving medical treatment in. Reeko Moosa Manik was reported to play a small role in the film, originally intended for Koyya Hassan Manik who died from COVID-19 on 20 February 2021.
Filming was Lasviyas was initially slated to begin in 2018 but faced indefinite delays attributed to pre-production issues, including the finalization of the cast. The production team announced that the cast and crew will depart for filming in early 2020. However, the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic caused further postponements. Eventually, filming for Lasviyas kicked off on 11 March 2022 and continued until July 2022. The initial schedule of the filming took place in B. Kamadhoo. Subsequently, filming resumed on 8 October 2022.
Lasviyas was announced to be theatrically released on 12 April 2024. | [
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},
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"text": "Zoya Hassan Ibrahim, the daughter of actress Niuma Mohamed, was unveiled as a key cast member in the film. Casting auditions were conducted in 2019 and early 2020 to finalize the lead roles. In July 2020, Niyaz re-evaluated the casting process. On 29 July 2020, actor Ahmed Easa was finalized as the lead actor of the film. Primary casting was finalized few days later, by announcing television presenter, Mariyam Shifa as the lead actress of the film. In July 2022, Niyaz revealde that veteran actor Fauziyya Hassan was roped in to play a brief yet important role in the film, tailored specifically for her. As Hassan resided abroad during the filming period, Niyaz considered five other actresses for the role before she accepted it in June 2022. The film stands as Hassan's final cinematic work, as she passed away on 31 August 2022, while receiving medical treatment in. Reeko Moosa Manik was reported to play a small role in the film, originally intended for Koyya Hassan Manik who died from COVID-19 on 20 February 2021.",
"title": "Production"
},
{
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"text": "Filming was Lasviyas was initially slated to begin in 2018 but faced indefinite delays attributed to pre-production issues, including the finalization of the cast. The production team announced that the cast and crew will depart for filming in early 2020. However, the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic caused further postponements. Eventually, filming for Lasviyas kicked off on 11 March 2022 and continued until July 2022. The initial schedule of the filming took place in B. Kamadhoo. Subsequently, filming resumed on 8 October 2022.",
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] | Lasviyas is an upcoming Maldivian film written and directed by Mohamed Niyaz. Produced by Niyaz under Eternal Pictures, the film stars Zoya Hassan Ibrahim, Ahmed Easa Mariyam Shifa and Washiya Mohamed in pivotal roles. The film is scheduled to be theatrically released on 12 April 2024. | 2023-12-15T05:47:14Z | 2023-12-25T18:00:41Z | [
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75,568,757 | Paul Haase | Hermann Paul Max (Paul) Haase (Potsdam, 8 January 1857 - Cologne, 1 January 1906) was a German baritone who partially lived and worked in the Netherlands.
Paul Haase was educated in Berlin and sang regularly from 1882 in the Netherlands, amongst others at the Hoogduitse Opera in Rotterdam. There he also became a singing tutor, both privately as at the Rotterdams Conservatorium. From 1895 till 1898 he taught at the Hochschule für Musik Karlsruhe, but also for a while in Cincinatti, and from 1898 till 1907 at the Hochschule für Musik und Tanz Köln. He himself wrote the libretto for the opera Der falsche Czar by Jan Rijken, in which he would play the main part, but he became ill.
Between 1890 and 1894 he became soloist four times in a performance of the Concertgebouworkest. some of his most well-known students were the concert singers Hedy Iracema-Brügelmann (1879-1941) and Pauline de Haan-Manifarges (1872-1954).
His death as a result of a stroke was national news with articles even in the regional papers. He died soon after his wife, the singer Sophie Bosse. | [
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"text": "Hermann Paul Max (Paul) Haase (Potsdam, 8 January 1857 - Cologne, 1 January 1906) was a German baritone who partially lived and worked in the Netherlands.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "Paul Haase was educated in Berlin and sang regularly from 1882 in the Netherlands, amongst others at the Hoogduitse Opera in Rotterdam. There he also became a singing tutor, both privately as at the Rotterdams Conservatorium. From 1895 till 1898 he taught at the Hochschule für Musik Karlsruhe, but also for a while in Cincinatti, and from 1898 till 1907 at the Hochschule für Musik und Tanz Köln. He himself wrote the libretto for the opera Der falsche Czar by Jan Rijken, in which he would play the main part, but he became ill.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "Between 1890 and 1894 he became soloist four times in a performance of the Concertgebouworkest. some of his most well-known students were the concert singers Hedy Iracema-Brügelmann (1879-1941) and Pauline de Haan-Manifarges (1872-1954).",
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"text": "",
"title": "Literature"
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] | Hermann Paul Max (Paul) Haase was a German baritone who partially lived and worked in the Netherlands. Paul Haase was educated in Berlin and sang regularly from 1882 in the Netherlands, amongst others at the Hoogduitse Opera in Rotterdam. There he also became a singing tutor, both privately as at the Rotterdams Conservatorium. From 1895 till 1898 he taught at the Hochschule für Musik Karlsruhe, but also for a while in Cincinatti, and from 1898 till 1907 at the Hochschule für Musik und Tanz Köln. He himself wrote the libretto for the opera Der falsche Czar by Jan Rijken, in which he would play the main part, but he became ill. Between 1890 and 1894 he became soloist four times in a performance of the Concertgebouworkest. some of his most well-known students were the concert singers Hedy Iracema-Brügelmann (1879-1941) and Pauline de Haan-Manifarges (1872-1954). His death as a result of a stroke was national news with articles even in the regional papers. He died soon after his wife, the singer Sophie Bosse. | 2023-12-15T05:50:16Z | 2023-12-25T22:37:09Z | [
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75,568,762 | 1984 Lawrence Riot | The Lawrence Riot of 1984 caused mass unrest and destruction in Lawrence, Massachusetts’ Lower Tower Hill neighborhood. Between August 8th and 10th, 1984, Lawrence’s white and Latinx residents fought back and forth as they yelled out racial slurs, threw rocks, and hurled Molotov cocktails through the sky. Eventually, the violence quelled on Friday, August 10th, when Lawrence’s city council declared a state of emergency, but the riot's impact was long-lasting.
Lawrence was an industrial power giant in the early 20th century, with success derived from the textiles produced by the city's lucrative mills. However, Lawrence's economy starkly deteriorated as the textile industry moved away. Lawrence’s deindustrialization led a flourishing, prosperous city to be plagued by poverty, violence, and unemployment, causing Lawrence’s majority white population to flee to the surrounding suburbs. Between 1950 and 1970, America’s suburban populations doubled. The American Dream felt more attainable than ever when William Levitt applied mass production to construction, making building and buying houses more affordable. As such, many middle-class white Americans saw the opportunity to leave America’s decaying cities in hopes of finding prosperity in America’s newly attainable suburbia.
Racial fears also tied into white flight to the suburbs, as many white Americans feared that immigrants were taking over cities and saw the suburbs as an escape. The distinction between the suburbs and cities was a way to preserve segregated communities, as redlining made it difficult for people of color to buy homes. As such, white Americans saw a way to maintain majority white communities within the suburbs because suburban life was purposely made unattainable to people of color. This is exemplified by Lawrence because Latino residents were forced to move the cities that white Americans left behind.
Known as the “Immigrant City,” Lawrence has been home to people from across the globe. The first waves of French Canadian, English, and German immigrants started in the late 1800s as they came to work in Lawrence’s mills, followed by Italians, Poles, Lithuanians, and Syrians in the 1900s, and ultimately, Cuban, Puerto Rican and Dominican immigrants in the mid to late 1900s. Latinx immigrants arrived in Lawrence at the same time as the city's economy began to fail and white residents were fleeing to the suburbs. As a result, many of Lawrence’s white residents viewed Lawrence’s new Latinx residents as the cause of the city's “poverty, blight, and other ‘urban problems.’” Ultimately, this led to racial scapegoating of Lawrence’s Latinx population by its white residents. This racial tension resulted in anti-Latinx prejudice, discrimination, violence, including the Lawrence Riot of 1984.
There are an array of interpretations of the cause of the Lawrence Riot of 1984. While both Lawrence’s white and Latinx residents viewed the city's decline as part of the cause of the riot, they had varying perspectives on further reasons for the riot. On the one hand, the majority of Lawrence’s white residents argued that the riot was a result of frustration towards Lawrence’s new Latinx population for bringing urban problems to the city. On the other hand, the majority of Lawrence’s Latinos viewed the riot as the release of pent-up anger at being excluded and harassed in the city. They argued that the riot was in protest to poverty, bigotry, lack of housing, racialized abuse from the police, substandard health, exclusion from politics, and above all, “the day-to-day experience of…white prejudice and harassment.” A third perspective, however, came from city officials, who tried “desperately to downplay the riots to protect the city’s reputation and attract new business.” As such, they argued that the riot was an isolated event resulting from “a hot night” where “things just got away from themselves.”
Despite an array of perspectives of the riot, one fact remains–the violence, fear, and destruction that occurred. Debates over whether a racial undertone to the riot exist, but there is no doubt that, at least on a minimal scale, there was an ethnic divide in Lawrence that was glaringly apparent between opposing sides.
Over the course of two days, Lawrence’s Tower Hill became a site of mass hysteria. The Lower Tower Hill neighborhood includes “many shabby wooden houses and tenements and two low-rise brick housing projects inhabited mainly by Hispanic people,” with the Essex housing project recognized as one of the “toughest in the city” and a site of frequent violence. Lower Tower Hill comprised a mixture of French-Canadian and Latinx residents, each group sharing a mutual disdain for the other. Ultimately, the riot of 1984 tore the neighborhood apart, with a liquor store burned down, 27 people arrested, and at least 17 critically injured.
The cause of the riots stems from the experience of Puerto Rican resident, Anna Ocasio, when white residents, John Ball, Gary Gill and Rick Brady threw a rock through her apartment window on Tuesday night, narrowly missing her sleeping baby. The following day is where stories diverge, with Lawrence’s Latinx and white populations recounting different versions of events. Some tell the story of how Latinx residents defended Ocasio as several Latino men in the neighborhood showed up to Ball's house, “grabbed a bat and started clubbing a dog." Other witnesses describe a story of a young Latino boy who kicked a dog through a fence and got “slapped around” by a group of white men, resulting in Latinx residents coming to the boys defense, which escalated into a fight between the white and Latinx men at the scene. However, regardless of the exact details, the attack on Ocasio escalated into a violent riot that tore the neighborhood apart.
Throughout Wednesday night, between 200 and 300 residents gathered in the riot, hurling racial slurs and rocks at each other. By 11 pm, rioters broke into Pettoruto’s liquor store. Adding alcohol to the equation caused a lull in fighting as rioters enjoyed their loot, but by 12:15 am, rioting returned with a renewed force when the liquor store was set on fire. As firefighters tried to enter the crime scene to dose out the fire, they became the ones on the receiving end of violence, with rocks and beer cans thrown at them from both parties. A lack of trust in law enforcement amongst Latinx residents, alongside mass hysteria, made it difficult for firefighters to take action.
To make matters worse, only 10 police officers were on duty for the night. As such, the riot raged for 5 hours until SWAT and police reinforcements from surrounding areas arrived at the scene at 1 am. However, most of the fighting had died by the time they arrived. While no one was critically injured, five Latinos were arrested for disorderly conduct, one white man was arrested for driving under the influence and possession of marijuana, and Gary Gill was taken into protective custody.
On Thursday, August 9th, ten local church leaders joined together in an outdoor religious service in an attempt to ease tensions. However, their efforts where short lived, as soon after the service ended, the rioting returned with a renewed vigor. Molotov cocktails flew as police entered the crime scene, each side of the street yelling, with white residents recorded shouting “U.S.A., U.S.A., U.S.A,” “Who’s American? WE are,” and “Go home. We were here first.” Eventually, police reinforcements were called in, bringing in 200 to 300 officers to join the existing 40, as alone they didn’t have the manpower to control the violence. Ultimately, the combined force of officers drove Latinx residents back to the Essex Street projects, and permitted white rioters to leave the scene.
The riot finally came to an end on Friday, August 10th, when Lawrence’s city council declared a state of emergency after meeting with the state and law enforcement officials. The state of emergency set a three day curfew from 8 pm to 6 am in Lower Tower Hill, with anyone found outside during these hours being subject to arrest. Further, Lawrence residents weren’t allowed to be out on the areas bordered by Broadway, Haverhill, Margin, and Essex Streets, all places of amusement were closed, and gas containers were forbidden to be sold out of fear they’d be used to make Molotov cocktails. The consequence for the breach of any of these rules was a $300 fine, and arrest for up to 24 hours. As such, violence promptly dwindled as residents returned to their homes out of fear of punishment The impact of the riots was evident, however, with glass shards scattered across the ground, buildings burned, and community tensions at an all-time high.
The violence of the Lawrence Riot of 1984 led to increased media coverage of the city, and Latino activists saw an opportunity to incite positive change in their beloved city. The riot showed tension in the city, but beyond that, brought light to Lawrence’s “racialized poverty and joblessness, inadequate opportunities for youth, political corruption and patronage, and Latino exclusion from city governance and employment.” As such, Lawrence Latinos got the federal government to back their efforts for representation in politics. Ultimately, this led to a successful United States Department of Justice helping Lawrence pass a voting rights lawsuit in 1999 to make the voting process more accessible to Latino residents. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Lawrence Riot of 1984 caused mass unrest and destruction in Lawrence, Massachusetts’ Lower Tower Hill neighborhood. Between August 8th and 10th, 1984, Lawrence’s white and Latinx residents fought back and forth as they yelled out racial slurs, threw rocks, and hurled Molotov cocktails through the sky. Eventually, the violence quelled on Friday, August 10th, when Lawrence’s city council declared a state of emergency, but the riot's impact was long-lasting.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Lawrence was an industrial power giant in the early 20th century, with success derived from the textiles produced by the city's lucrative mills. However, Lawrence's economy starkly deteriorated as the textile industry moved away. Lawrence’s deindustrialization led a flourishing, prosperous city to be plagued by poverty, violence, and unemployment, causing Lawrence’s majority white population to flee to the surrounding suburbs. Between 1950 and 1970, America’s suburban populations doubled. The American Dream felt more attainable than ever when William Levitt applied mass production to construction, making building and buying houses more affordable. As such, many middle-class white Americans saw the opportunity to leave America’s decaying cities in hopes of finding prosperity in America’s newly attainable suburbia.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
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"text": "Racial fears also tied into white flight to the suburbs, as many white Americans feared that immigrants were taking over cities and saw the suburbs as an escape. The distinction between the suburbs and cities was a way to preserve segregated communities, as redlining made it difficult for people of color to buy homes. As such, white Americans saw a way to maintain majority white communities within the suburbs because suburban life was purposely made unattainable to people of color. This is exemplified by Lawrence because Latino residents were forced to move the cities that white Americans left behind.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Known as the “Immigrant City,” Lawrence has been home to people from across the globe. The first waves of French Canadian, English, and German immigrants started in the late 1800s as they came to work in Lawrence’s mills, followed by Italians, Poles, Lithuanians, and Syrians in the 1900s, and ultimately, Cuban, Puerto Rican and Dominican immigrants in the mid to late 1900s. Latinx immigrants arrived in Lawrence at the same time as the city's economy began to fail and white residents were fleeing to the suburbs. As a result, many of Lawrence’s white residents viewed Lawrence’s new Latinx residents as the cause of the city's “poverty, blight, and other ‘urban problems.’” Ultimately, this led to racial scapegoating of Lawrence’s Latinx population by its white residents. This racial tension resulted in anti-Latinx prejudice, discrimination, violence, including the Lawrence Riot of 1984.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "There are an array of interpretations of the cause of the Lawrence Riot of 1984. While both Lawrence’s white and Latinx residents viewed the city's decline as part of the cause of the riot, they had varying perspectives on further reasons for the riot. On the one hand, the majority of Lawrence’s white residents argued that the riot was a result of frustration towards Lawrence’s new Latinx population for bringing urban problems to the city. On the other hand, the majority of Lawrence’s Latinos viewed the riot as the release of pent-up anger at being excluded and harassed in the city. They argued that the riot was in protest to poverty, bigotry, lack of housing, racialized abuse from the police, substandard health, exclusion from politics, and above all, “the day-to-day experience of…white prejudice and harassment.” A third perspective, however, came from city officials, who tried “desperately to downplay the riots to protect the city’s reputation and attract new business.” As such, they argued that the riot was an isolated event resulting from “a hot night” where “things just got away from themselves.”",
"title": "Events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Despite an array of perspectives of the riot, one fact remains–the violence, fear, and destruction that occurred. Debates over whether a racial undertone to the riot exist, but there is no doubt that, at least on a minimal scale, there was an ethnic divide in Lawrence that was glaringly apparent between opposing sides.",
"title": "Events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Over the course of two days, Lawrence’s Tower Hill became a site of mass hysteria. The Lower Tower Hill neighborhood includes “many shabby wooden houses and tenements and two low-rise brick housing projects inhabited mainly by Hispanic people,” with the Essex housing project recognized as one of the “toughest in the city” and a site of frequent violence. Lower Tower Hill comprised a mixture of French-Canadian and Latinx residents, each group sharing a mutual disdain for the other. Ultimately, the riot of 1984 tore the neighborhood apart, with a liquor store burned down, 27 people arrested, and at least 17 critically injured.",
"title": "Events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The cause of the riots stems from the experience of Puerto Rican resident, Anna Ocasio, when white residents, John Ball, Gary Gill and Rick Brady threw a rock through her apartment window on Tuesday night, narrowly missing her sleeping baby. The following day is where stories diverge, with Lawrence’s Latinx and white populations recounting different versions of events. Some tell the story of how Latinx residents defended Ocasio as several Latino men in the neighborhood showed up to Ball's house, “grabbed a bat and started clubbing a dog.\" Other witnesses describe a story of a young Latino boy who kicked a dog through a fence and got “slapped around” by a group of white men, resulting in Latinx residents coming to the boys defense, which escalated into a fight between the white and Latinx men at the scene. However, regardless of the exact details, the attack on Ocasio escalated into a violent riot that tore the neighborhood apart.",
"title": "Events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Throughout Wednesday night, between 200 and 300 residents gathered in the riot, hurling racial slurs and rocks at each other. By 11 pm, rioters broke into Pettoruto’s liquor store. Adding alcohol to the equation caused a lull in fighting as rioters enjoyed their loot, but by 12:15 am, rioting returned with a renewed force when the liquor store was set on fire. As firefighters tried to enter the crime scene to dose out the fire, they became the ones on the receiving end of violence, with rocks and beer cans thrown at them from both parties. A lack of trust in law enforcement amongst Latinx residents, alongside mass hysteria, made it difficult for firefighters to take action.",
"title": "Events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "To make matters worse, only 10 police officers were on duty for the night. As such, the riot raged for 5 hours until SWAT and police reinforcements from surrounding areas arrived at the scene at 1 am. However, most of the fighting had died by the time they arrived. While no one was critically injured, five Latinos were arrested for disorderly conduct, one white man was arrested for driving under the influence and possession of marijuana, and Gary Gill was taken into protective custody.",
"title": "Events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "On Thursday, August 9th, ten local church leaders joined together in an outdoor religious service in an attempt to ease tensions. However, their efforts where short lived, as soon after the service ended, the rioting returned with a renewed vigor. Molotov cocktails flew as police entered the crime scene, each side of the street yelling, with white residents recorded shouting “U.S.A., U.S.A., U.S.A,” “Who’s American? WE are,” and “Go home. We were here first.” Eventually, police reinforcements were called in, bringing in 200 to 300 officers to join the existing 40, as alone they didn’t have the manpower to control the violence. Ultimately, the combined force of officers drove Latinx residents back to the Essex Street projects, and permitted white rioters to leave the scene.",
"title": "Events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "The riot finally came to an end on Friday, August 10th, when Lawrence’s city council declared a state of emergency after meeting with the state and law enforcement officials. The state of emergency set a three day curfew from 8 pm to 6 am in Lower Tower Hill, with anyone found outside during these hours being subject to arrest. Further, Lawrence residents weren’t allowed to be out on the areas bordered by Broadway, Haverhill, Margin, and Essex Streets, all places of amusement were closed, and gas containers were forbidden to be sold out of fear they’d be used to make Molotov cocktails. The consequence for the breach of any of these rules was a $300 fine, and arrest for up to 24 hours. As such, violence promptly dwindled as residents returned to their homes out of fear of punishment The impact of the riots was evident, however, with glass shards scattered across the ground, buildings burned, and community tensions at an all-time high.",
"title": "Events"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "The violence of the Lawrence Riot of 1984 led to increased media coverage of the city, and Latino activists saw an opportunity to incite positive change in their beloved city. The riot showed tension in the city, but beyond that, brought light to Lawrence’s “racialized poverty and joblessness, inadequate opportunities for youth, political corruption and patronage, and Latino exclusion from city governance and employment.” As such, Lawrence Latinos got the federal government to back their efforts for representation in politics. Ultimately, this led to a successful United States Department of Justice helping Lawrence pass a voting rights lawsuit in 1999 to make the voting process more accessible to Latino residents.",
"title": "Impact"
}
] | The Lawrence Riot of 1984 caused mass unrest and destruction in Lawrence, Massachusetts’ Lower Tower Hill neighborhood. Between August 8th and 10th, 1984, Lawrence’s white and Latinx residents fought back and forth as they yelled out racial slurs, threw rocks, and hurled Molotov cocktails through the sky. Eventually, the violence quelled on Friday, August 10th, when Lawrence’s city council declared a state of emergency, but the riot's impact was long-lasting. | 2023-12-15T05:50:56Z | 2023-12-24T12:24:46Z | [
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Cite book",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984_Lawrence_Riot |
75,568,764 | Yevgeniy Perventsev | Yevgeniy Ivanovich Perventsev (Russian: Евгений Иванович Первенцев; 22 June 1926 – 14 December 2023) was a Soviet and Russian government official. He was the head of the KGB of the Tajik SSR from 1975 to 1985. | [
{
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"text": "Yevgeniy Ivanovich Perventsev (Russian: Евгений Иванович Первенцев; 22 June 1926 – 14 December 2023) was a Soviet and Russian government official. He was the head of the KGB of the Tajik SSR from 1975 to 1985.",
"title": ""
}
] | Yevgeniy Ivanovich Perventsev was a Soviet and Russian government official. He was the head of the KGB of the Tajik SSR from 1975 to 1985. | 2023-12-15T05:52:21Z | 2023-12-18T17:39:20Z | [
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75,568,795 | Alberto del Bono (1856–1932) | Alberto del Bono (Parma, 21 September 1856 – Rome, 26 July 1932) was an Italian admiral and politician.
He attended the naval schools of Naples and Genoa. Graduating in 1873 he entered the navy and was promoted on multiple occasions. Commander of the cruiser Ettore Fieramosca from 18 December 1906 to 13 April 1908, he then assumed command of the battleship Regina Elena on 21 September 1908. In December of that year he distinguished himself in the relief efforts following the Messina earthquake, and around this time became acquainted with Umberto Cagni, commander of the battleship Napoli and Paolo Thaon di Revel, commander of the Vittorio Emanuele.
Promoted rear admiral on 19 February 1911, he was a member of the Superior Navy Council from 16 March to 6 September 1911. Hewas then appointed commander of the Royal Naval Academy of Livorno on 6 September 1911, a position he held until to 14 April 1914 during which he took part in the invasion of Libya with the naval training division composed of the cruisers Flavio Gioia (his flagship), Amerigo Vespucci and Etna.
Promoted vice admiral in 1914, he was vice-president of the Superior Council of the Navy from 14 April 1914 to 11 January 1915 and commander in chief of the Upper Tyrrhenian Sea (La Spezia) since 1914, then general secretary of the Ministry of the Navy. He served as Minister of the Navy in the Boselli and Orlando governments and was appointed senator of the Kingdom of Italy.
After the defeat of Caporetto and the advance of Austrian troops to the Piave, Del Bono urged the Supreme Command and Prime Minister Orlando not to abandon Venice, but at the same time he worked with Paolo Thaon Di Revel to prepare a plan for large-scale flooding of the areas between the Adige and the Brenta and construct a defensive line on the right of the Po. At the end of 1917, a marine regiment and a marine artillery group were established while armed pontoons, light vessels and reconnaissance seaplanes were massed on the lower Piave and in the lagoon of Venice.
As minister Del Bono was also involved in the political and military decisions that determined the borders and power relations in the eastern Mediterranean. He was suspicious of French backing for the new Kingdom of Yugoslavia, convinced that France’ project to establish a base at Fiume was intended to push Italy out of the upper Adriatic.
Del Bono was also at odds with both France and Britain over Italy's role in the peace settlement with the Ottoman Empire. In the Treaty of London (1915) and in the Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne London and Paris had agreed that Italy should occupy extensive territories in Anatolia following the Ottoman defeat. However in the event Britain and France were determined mainly to se use their own advantage in the region, and supported the Greek Occupation of Smyrna. Foreign Minister Sidney Sonnino urged del Bono to send Italian warships into the Aegean Sea, but the British and French manoeuvred to keep Italy out of an active role, and the Italian crews in Rhodes were debilitated by the Spanish flu.
During his period in office Italy had to manage the reconstitution of its merchant marine, 57.5% of which had been sunk in the First World War with the loss of many trained and experienced seamen. Del Bono's solution was to bring all the nautical technical schools under the control of his ministry.
In the postwar debates about the future size and profile of the Italian navy, Del Bono supported building more battleships and declared his intention to complete the construction of the Caracciolo, though he did not give much consideration to the future role of aircraft carriers and naval aviation.
From 1919 to 1921 he was commander of the Lower Tyrrhenian Sea (Naples) and president of the Superior Council of the Navy; After leaving active service in 1921 he worked in the steel industry as manager of the Metallurgica Bresciana company (formerly Tempini) finally becoming president of Aero Espresso Italiana. Alberto del Bono died in Rome on July 26, 1932. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Alberto del Bono (Parma, 21 September 1856 – Rome, 26 July 1932) was an Italian admiral and politician.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "He attended the naval schools of Naples and Genoa. Graduating in 1873 he entered the navy and was promoted on multiple occasions. Commander of the cruiser Ettore Fieramosca from 18 December 1906 to 13 April 1908, he then assumed command of the battleship Regina Elena on 21 September 1908. In December of that year he distinguished himself in the relief efforts following the Messina earthquake, and around this time became acquainted with Umberto Cagni, commander of the battleship Napoli and Paolo Thaon di Revel, commander of the Vittorio Emanuele.",
"title": "Naval career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Promoted rear admiral on 19 February 1911, he was a member of the Superior Navy Council from 16 March to 6 September 1911. Hewas then appointed commander of the Royal Naval Academy of Livorno on 6 September 1911, a position he held until to 14 April 1914 during which he took part in the invasion of Libya with the naval training division composed of the cruisers Flavio Gioia (his flagship), Amerigo Vespucci and Etna.",
"title": "Naval career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Promoted vice admiral in 1914, he was vice-president of the Superior Council of the Navy from 14 April 1914 to 11 January 1915 and commander in chief of the Upper Tyrrhenian Sea (La Spezia) since 1914, then general secretary of the Ministry of the Navy. He served as Minister of the Navy in the Boselli and Orlando governments and was appointed senator of the Kingdom of Italy.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "After the defeat of Caporetto and the advance of Austrian troops to the Piave, Del Bono urged the Supreme Command and Prime Minister Orlando not to abandon Venice, but at the same time he worked with Paolo Thaon Di Revel to prepare a plan for large-scale flooding of the areas between the Adige and the Brenta and construct a defensive line on the right of the Po. At the end of 1917, a marine regiment and a marine artillery group were established while armed pontoons, light vessels and reconnaissance seaplanes were massed on the lower Piave and in the lagoon of Venice.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "As minister Del Bono was also involved in the political and military decisions that determined the borders and power relations in the eastern Mediterranean. He was suspicious of French backing for the new Kingdom of Yugoslavia, convinced that France’ project to establish a base at Fiume was intended to push Italy out of the upper Adriatic.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Del Bono was also at odds with both France and Britain over Italy's role in the peace settlement with the Ottoman Empire. In the Treaty of London (1915) and in the Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne London and Paris had agreed that Italy should occupy extensive territories in Anatolia following the Ottoman defeat. However in the event Britain and France were determined mainly to se use their own advantage in the region, and supported the Greek Occupation of Smyrna. Foreign Minister Sidney Sonnino urged del Bono to send Italian warships into the Aegean Sea, but the British and French manoeuvred to keep Italy out of an active role, and the Italian crews in Rhodes were debilitated by the Spanish flu.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "During his period in office Italy had to manage the reconstitution of its merchant marine, 57.5% of which had been sunk in the First World War with the loss of many trained and experienced seamen. Del Bono's solution was to bring all the nautical technical schools under the control of his ministry.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "In the postwar debates about the future size and profile of the Italian navy, Del Bono supported building more battleships and declared his intention to complete the construction of the Caracciolo, though he did not give much consideration to the future role of aircraft carriers and naval aviation.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "From 1919 to 1921 he was commander of the Lower Tyrrhenian Sea (Naples) and president of the Superior Council of the Navy; After leaving active service in 1921 he worked in the steel industry as manager of the Metallurgica Bresciana company (formerly Tempini) finally becoming president of Aero Espresso Italiana. Alberto del Bono died in Rome on July 26, 1932.",
"title": "Later life"
}
] | Alberto del Bono was an Italian admiral and politician. | 2023-12-15T05:57:39Z | 2023-12-26T13:38:22Z | [
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75,568,801 | Hazira Gas Processing Complex | Hazira Gas Processing Complex (also known as HGPC) is a natural gas processing plant operated by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation in Hazira, India.
Phase 1 of the plant was commissioned in the mid-1980s, and its infrastructure was designed for receiving natural gas along with associated condensate from the Mumbai High Off-shore Field. Once the condensate is separated and treated in condensate fractionation units, the gas undergoes several stages to extract liquefied petroleum gas and lower its dew point to below 5°C. This aims to prepare it for extended transport via the HVJ Gas Pipeline.
In 1986, the engineering, procurement, and construction contract for phase 1 was awarded to state-run Engineers India, which, in turn, ran the global tendering process on behalf of ONGC. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Hazira Gas Processing Complex (also known as HGPC) is a natural gas processing plant operated by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation in Hazira, India.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Phase 1 of the plant was commissioned in the mid-1980s, and its infrastructure was designed for receiving natural gas along with associated condensate from the Mumbai High Off-shore Field. Once the condensate is separated and treated in condensate fractionation units, the gas undergoes several stages to extract liquefied petroleum gas and lower its dew point to below 5°C. This aims to prepare it for extended transport via the HVJ Gas Pipeline.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 1986, the engineering, procurement, and construction contract for phase 1 was awarded to state-run Engineers India, which, in turn, ran the global tendering process on behalf of ONGC.",
"title": "History"
}
] | Hazira Gas Processing Complex is a natural gas processing plant operated by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation in Hazira, India. | 2023-12-15T05:58:35Z | 2023-12-26T15:01:22Z | [
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75,568,826 | Pindam | Pindam (transl. Fetus) is a 2023 Indian Telugu-language horror thriller film directed by Sai Kiran Daida. The film stars Sriram and Kushee Ravi in her Telugu debut with Easwari Rao and Srinivas Avasarala in supporting roles.
The film is based on a true incident that happened in a house in Nalgonda in the 1930s. The film was released on 15 December 2023 to mixed reviews.
All lyrics are written by Kavi Siddartha; all music is composed by Krishna Saurabh Surampalli.
A critic from OTTplay rated the film three out of five stars and wrote that "Pindam is a sensible, atmospheric horror film where the thrills are effectively complemented by the drama and the smart messaging. The director and the crew’s technical finesse, and sharp writing help us look beyond the familiar plot and savour the viewing experience. Sriram, Kushee Ravi and Eeswari Rao hold the fort with assurance". A critic from Zoom TV wrote that "Pindam emerges as a true-blue horror film that not only adheres to the genre's conventions but also introduces a fresh thematic perspective. The film's success lies in its ability to blend suspense, horror, and emotional turmoil seamlessly. As audiences engage with the spectral mysteries and temporal twists, Pindam stands poised to leave a lasting imprint in the realm of horror cinema". On the contrary, a critic from Eenadu wrote that "Pindam scares here and there". | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Pindam (transl. Fetus) is a 2023 Indian Telugu-language horror thriller film directed by Sai Kiran Daida. The film stars Sriram and Kushee Ravi in her Telugu debut with Easwari Rao and Srinivas Avasarala in supporting roles.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The film is based on a true incident that happened in a house in Nalgonda in the 1930s. The film was released on 15 December 2023 to mixed reviews.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "All lyrics are written by Kavi Siddartha; all music is composed by Krishna Saurabh Surampalli.",
"title": "Soundtrack"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "A critic from OTTplay rated the film three out of five stars and wrote that \"Pindam is a sensible, atmospheric horror film where the thrills are effectively complemented by the drama and the smart messaging. The director and the crew’s technical finesse, and sharp writing help us look beyond the familiar plot and savour the viewing experience. Sriram, Kushee Ravi and Eeswari Rao hold the fort with assurance\". A critic from Zoom TV wrote that \"Pindam emerges as a true-blue horror film that not only adheres to the genre's conventions but also introduces a fresh thematic perspective. The film's success lies in its ability to blend suspense, horror, and emotional turmoil seamlessly. As audiences engage with the spectral mysteries and temporal twists, Pindam stands poised to leave a lasting imprint in the realm of horror cinema\". On the contrary, a critic from Eenadu wrote that \"Pindam scares here and there\".",
"title": "Reception"
}
] | Pindam is a 2023 Indian Telugu-language horror thriller film directed by Sai Kiran Daida. The film stars Sriram and Kushee Ravi in her Telugu debut with Easwari Rao and Srinivas Avasarala in supporting roles. The film is based on a true incident that happened in a house in Nalgonda in the 1930s. The film was released on 15 December 2023 to mixed reviews. | 2023-12-15T06:02:45Z | 2023-12-24T20:22:39Z | [
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75,568,855 | 2019–20 Marshall Thundering Herd women's basketball team | The 2019–20 Marshall Thundering Herd women's basketball team represented the Marshall University during the 2019–20 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Thundering Herd, led by third year head coach Tony Kemper, played their home games at the Cam Henderson Center and were members of Conference USA.
The Herd finished the season 13–17, 7–11 in C-USA play to finish in a tie for eighth place. After defeating Southern Miss in the first round of the C-USA women's tournament, the rest of the games for the postseason tournament were cancelled due to COVID-19 concerns.
2019–20 Marshall Thundering Herd men's basketball team | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2019–20 Marshall Thundering Herd women's basketball team represented the Marshall University during the 2019–20 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Thundering Herd, led by third year head coach Tony Kemper, played their home games at the Cam Henderson Center and were members of Conference USA.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The Herd finished the season 13–17, 7–11 in C-USA play to finish in a tie for eighth place. After defeating Southern Miss in the first round of the C-USA women's tournament, the rest of the games for the postseason tournament were cancelled due to COVID-19 concerns.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "2019–20 Marshall Thundering Herd men's basketball team",
"title": "See also"
}
] | The 2019–20 Marshall Thundering Herd women's basketball team represented the Marshall University during the 2019–20 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Thundering Herd, led by third year head coach Tony Kemper, played their home games at the Cam Henderson Center and were members of Conference USA. The Herd finished the season 13–17, 7–11 in C-USA play to finish in a tie for eighth place. After defeating Southern Miss in the first round of the C-USA women's tournament, the rest of the games for the postseason tournament were cancelled due to COVID-19 concerns. | 2023-12-15T06:09:48Z | 2023-12-15T06:12:03Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_Marshall_Thundering_Herd_women%27s_basketball_team |
75,568,904 | Palóu Line | The Palóu Line was the boundary between Alta California and Baja California, demarcated by Franciscan missionary, Francisco Palóu to distinguish Franciscan and Dominican areas of mission control during the Spanish colonial era.
In 1773, the boundary between the Dominican Baja California missions and the Franciscan missions of Alta California was set by Francisco Palóu. Palou erected a large cross on a rock called "Mesa del Descanso", which would mark the latitude towards the Colorado River where the jurisdictional boundary between the Dominican and Franciscan missionary operations. The boundary marker placed was located immediately north of the Misión San Miguel Arcángel de la Frontera.
Due to the growth of the Hispanic population in Alta California by 1804, the province of Las Californias, then a part of the Commandancy General of the Internal Provinces, was divided into two separate territorial administrations following Palóu's division between the Dominican and Franciscan missions, this would create the new territories of Baja California and Alta California.
The codification of the Siete Leyes amendments to the Mexican Constitution of would dissolve the boundary between Baja California and Alta California as they would be merged to become the Department of the Californias.
After the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the border between Baja California and Alta California would shift north to become the US-Mexican border between the US state of California and the Mexican state of Baja California, granting land formerly administered by Alta California where the modern day cities of Tijuana, Mexicali, and Tecate are located, to Baja California's administration. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Palóu Line was the boundary between Alta California and Baja California, demarcated by Franciscan missionary, Francisco Palóu to distinguish Franciscan and Dominican areas of mission control during the Spanish colonial era.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In 1773, the boundary between the Dominican Baja California missions and the Franciscan missions of Alta California was set by Francisco Palóu. Palou erected a large cross on a rock called \"Mesa del Descanso\", which would mark the latitude towards the Colorado River where the jurisdictional boundary between the Dominican and Franciscan missionary operations. The boundary marker placed was located immediately north of the Misión San Miguel Arcángel de la Frontera.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Due to the growth of the Hispanic population in Alta California by 1804, the province of Las Californias, then a part of the Commandancy General of the Internal Provinces, was divided into two separate territorial administrations following Palóu's division between the Dominican and Franciscan missions, this would create the new territories of Baja California and Alta California.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The codification of the Siete Leyes amendments to the Mexican Constitution of would dissolve the boundary between Baja California and Alta California as they would be merged to become the Department of the Californias.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "After the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the border between Baja California and Alta California would shift north to become the US-Mexican border between the US state of California and the Mexican state of Baja California, granting land formerly administered by Alta California where the modern day cities of Tijuana, Mexicali, and Tecate are located, to Baja California's administration.",
"title": "History"
}
] | The Palóu Line was the boundary between Alta California and Baja California, demarcated by Franciscan missionary, Francisco Palóu to distinguish Franciscan and Dominican areas of mission control during the Spanish colonial era. | 2023-12-15T06:18:59Z | 2023-12-16T03:45:11Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pal%C3%B3u_Line |
75,568,910 | Agongdian Reservoir | The Agongdian Reservoir (traditional Chinese: 阿公店水庫; simplified Chinese: 阿公店水库; pinyin: Āgōngdiàn Shuǐkù) is a reservoir in Gangshan District and Yanchao District in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
The reservoir was built in 1942. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Agongdian Reservoir (traditional Chinese: 阿公店水庫; simplified Chinese: 阿公店水库; pinyin: Āgōngdiàn Shuǐkù) is a reservoir in Gangshan District and Yanchao District in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The reservoir was built in 1942.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | The Agongdian Reservoir is a reservoir in Gangshan District and Yanchao District in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. | 2023-12-15T06:19:28Z | 2023-12-15T06:42:46Z | [
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75,568,932 | Uptown Vicksburg Historic District | Uptown Vicksburg Historic District is a historic district in Vicksburg, Mississippi, U.S.. The district is bounded by Locust Street, South Street, Washington Street, and Clay Street; also on Washington Streets between Grove and Veto Street; and also roughly bounded by Washington Street, Grove Street, China Street, Clay Street, Locust Street, Veto Street and South Street (north boundary of the South Cherry Street Historic District).
It is a National Register of Historic Places listed place since 1993, with boundary increases in 2004 and 2020.
In 1891, the Uptown Vicksburg Historic District was designed and arranged by city founder Rev. Newit Vick, and his son-in-law John Lane. The Uptown district includes sixty-eight contributing buildings, one contributing site, one contributing fountain, and three contributing monuments.
The Uptown Vicksburg Historic District was mostly built between 1830 to 1940, with sixty one contributing buildings in the district built during this period; and with additional building happening up until the 1970s. The earliest building in extant is the Luckett Compound (1830).
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the National Park Service. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Uptown Vicksburg Historic District is a historic district in Vicksburg, Mississippi, U.S.. The district is bounded by Locust Street, South Street, Washington Street, and Clay Street; also on Washington Streets between Grove and Veto Street; and also roughly bounded by Washington Street, Grove Street, China Street, Clay Street, Locust Street, Veto Street and South Street (north boundary of the South Cherry Street Historic District).",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "It is a National Register of Historic Places listed place since 1993, with boundary increases in 2004 and 2020.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 1891, the Uptown Vicksburg Historic District was designed and arranged by city founder Rev. Newit Vick, and his son-in-law John Lane. The Uptown district includes sixty-eight contributing buildings, one contributing site, one contributing fountain, and three contributing monuments.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The Uptown Vicksburg Historic District was mostly built between 1830 to 1940, with sixty one contributing buildings in the district built during this period; and with additional building happening up until the 1970s. The earliest building in extant is the Luckett Compound (1830).",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the National Park Service.",
"title": "References"
}
] | Uptown Vicksburg Historic District is a historic district in Vicksburg, Mississippi, U.S.. The district is bounded by Locust Street, South Street, Washington Street, and Clay Street; also on Washington Streets between Grove and Veto Street; and also roughly bounded by Washington Street, Grove Street, China Street, Clay Street, Locust Street, Veto Street and South Street. It is a National Register of Historic Places listed place since 1993, with boundary increases in 2004 and 2020. | 2023-12-15T06:23:47Z | 2023-12-22T21:29:34Z | [
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75,568,954 | Yew Jia Haur | Yew Jia Haur is a Malaysian politician who served as Member of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly for Teratai seat since 2023. He is a member of Democratic Action Party (DAP), a component party of Pakatan Harapan (PH). | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Yew Jia Haur is a Malaysian politician who served as Member of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly for Teratai seat since 2023. He is a member of Democratic Action Party (DAP), a component party of Pakatan Harapan (PH).",
"title": ""
}
] | Yew Jia Haur is a Malaysian politician who served as Member of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly for Teratai seat since 2023. He is a member of Democratic Action Party (DAP), a component party of Pakatan Harapan (PH). | 2023-12-15T06:28:26Z | 2023-12-15T07:52:13Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yew_Jia_Haur |
75,568,957 | 2025 Bangladesh Premier League | The 2025 Bangladesh Premier League, also known as BPL Season 11 will be the eleventh season of the Bangladesh Premier League (BPL), the top-level professional Twenty20 cricket league in Bangladesh. The league will be organized by the Bangladesh Cricket Board (BCB). It is scheduled to take place from 1 January to 11 February 2025. In September 2022, the BPL Governing Council announced the seven franchises, which are going to take part in the tournament. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2025 Bangladesh Premier League, also known as BPL Season 11 will be the eleventh season of the Bangladesh Premier League (BPL), the top-level professional Twenty20 cricket league in Bangladesh. The league will be organized by the Bangladesh Cricket Board (BCB). It is scheduled to take place from 1 January to 11 February 2025. In September 2022, the BPL Governing Council announced the seven franchises, which are going to take part in the tournament.",
"title": ""
}
] | The 2025 Bangladesh Premier League, also known as BPL Season 11 will be the eleventh season of the Bangladesh Premier League (BPL), the top-level professional Twenty20 cricket league in Bangladesh. The league will be organized by the Bangladesh Cricket Board (BCB). It is scheduled to take place from 1 January to 11 February 2025. In September 2022, the BPL Governing Council announced the seven franchises, which are going to take part in the tournament. | 2023-12-15T06:28:49Z | 2023-12-15T06:50:26Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025_Bangladesh_Premier_League |
75,568,959 | Milorad Unković | Milorad Unković (Serbian Cyrillic: Милорад Унковић; 19 July 1945 – 12 July 2013) was a Serbian politician who served as the Mayor of Belgrade from 4 December 1989 to 2 July 1992. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Milorad Unković (Serbian Cyrillic: Милорад Унковић; 19 July 1945 – 12 July 2013) was a Serbian politician who served as the Mayor of Belgrade from 4 December 1989 to 2 July 1992.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Milorad Unković was a Serbian politician who served as the Mayor of Belgrade from 4 December 1989 to 2 July 1992. | 2023-12-15T06:29:09Z | 2023-12-15T11:54:47Z | [
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75,568,970 | Biological barrier | A biological barrier is a selectively permeable membrane that allows some substances to pass through it, and blocks entry of other substances.
It can refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "A biological barrier is a selectively permeable membrane that allows some substances to pass through it, and blocks entry of other substances.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "It can refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | A biological barrier is a selectively permeable membrane that allows some substances to pass through it, and blocks entry of other substances. It can refer to: Blood-brain barrier, a biological barrier that prevents entry of harmful substances into the brain by selectively allowing some substances to pass through it
Blood-testis barrier, the biological barrier between blood and testes
Blood-placental barrier, the biological barrier between a pregnant individual's blood and foetal blood
Blood-CSF barrier, the biological barrier between blood and cerebrospinal fluid
Blood–spinal cord barrier, the biological barrier between blood and the spinal cord
Blood–saliva barrier, the biological barrier between blood and saliva | 2023-12-15T06:30:28Z | 2023-12-15T11:19:57Z | [
"Template:Dab"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_barrier |
75,569,001 | Richard Fejo | Richard Fejo also known as Uncle Richie is a Larrakia Elder, advocate and performer from Darwin in the Northern Territory of Australia.
The youngest of seven children, Fejo is of direct male descent of the Larrakia people, the Traditional Owners of Darwin, through his father James Fejo, grandfather Juma Fejo and great-grandfather King Charles. His mother, Nangala Lorna Fejo was Warumungu, an advocate for the Stolen Generations recognised in Kevin Rudd's speech during the Australia Government's Apology in 2008.
As a Larrakia Elder, Fejo has been offering Welcome to Country ceremonies in Darwin since 1994. In 2020 he was invited to perform the Welcome to Country for AFL's first ever dreamtime match held in Darwin which went viral due to his powerful and passionate presentation.
He was awarded an Honorary Doctorate by Flinders University in 2022, where he also works as the Senior Elder on campus.
He is on the board of the National Disability Insurance Agency, the NT chair of the Australia Day and chair of the Darwin Waterfront Corporation.
Richie is also a comedian and singer-songwriter, performing regularly in Darwin and across Australia. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Richard Fejo also known as Uncle Richie is a Larrakia Elder, advocate and performer from Darwin in the Northern Territory of Australia.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The youngest of seven children, Fejo is of direct male descent of the Larrakia people, the Traditional Owners of Darwin, through his father James Fejo, grandfather Juma Fejo and great-grandfather King Charles. His mother, Nangala Lorna Fejo was Warumungu, an advocate for the Stolen Generations recognised in Kevin Rudd's speech during the Australia Government's Apology in 2008.",
"title": "Biography"
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"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "As a Larrakia Elder, Fejo has been offering Welcome to Country ceremonies in Darwin since 1994. In 2020 he was invited to perform the Welcome to Country for AFL's first ever dreamtime match held in Darwin which went viral due to his powerful and passionate presentation.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "He was awarded an Honorary Doctorate by Flinders University in 2022, where he also works as the Senior Elder on campus.",
"title": "Biography"
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{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "He is on the board of the National Disability Insurance Agency, the NT chair of the Australia Day and chair of the Darwin Waterfront Corporation.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Richie is also a comedian and singer-songwriter, performing regularly in Darwin and across Australia.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | Richard Fejo also known as Uncle Richie is a Larrakia Elder, advocate and performer from Darwin in the Northern Territory of Australia. | 2023-12-15T06:36:54Z | 2023-12-16T20:29:00Z | [
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75,569,002 | How Accurate Is Wikipedia | There have been allegations that Wikipedia is biased in the information that is allowed to be public. | [
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"text": "There have been allegations that Wikipedia is biased in the information that is allowed to be public.",
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] | There have been allegations that Wikipedia is biased in the information that is allowed to be public. | 2023-12-15T06:37:09Z | 2023-12-15T06:43:45Z | [] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_Accurate_Is_Wikipedia |
75,569,007 | Monsters: 103 Mercies Dragon Damnation | Monsters: 103 Mercies Dragon Damnation (Japanese: MONSTERS 一百三情飛龍侍極, Hepburn: Monsutāzu Ippaku Sanjō Hiryū Jigoku) is a Japanese original net animation (ONA) by E&H Production, based on the one-shot manga Monsters by Eiichiro Oda, published by Shueisha in the Autumn Special issue of Weekly Shōnen Jump in 1994. It is set to premiere on Netflix in January 2024.
Written and illustrated by Eiichiro Oda, the Monsters one-shot was published by Shueisha in 1994 in the Autumn Special issue of Weekly Shōnen Jump (with cover date October 30). The chapter was collected in the Wanted! Eiichiro Oda Short Stories [ja] volume, released on November 4, 1998.
In July 2023, it was announced that Monsters would receive an anime adaptation, later revealed to be an original net animation, set to premiere on Netflix in January 2024. It is directed by Sunghoo Park, who is also in charge of composition, and animated by his studio E&H Production. Takashi Kojima is serving as character designer, with Fuminao Akai as art director, Ryoji Nagasawa as color designer, Lee Ju-Mi as director of photography, and Keisuke Yanagi as editor, and Akiko Fujita as sound director. The music was composed by Hiroaki Tsutsumi and produced by Takeki Kobayashi. | [
{
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"text": "Monsters: 103 Mercies Dragon Damnation (Japanese: MONSTERS 一百三情飛龍侍極, Hepburn: Monsutāzu Ippaku Sanjō Hiryū Jigoku) is a Japanese original net animation (ONA) by E&H Production, based on the one-shot manga Monsters by Eiichiro Oda, published by Shueisha in the Autumn Special issue of Weekly Shōnen Jump in 1994. It is set to premiere on Netflix in January 2024.",
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},
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"text": "Written and illustrated by Eiichiro Oda, the Monsters one-shot was published by Shueisha in 1994 in the Autumn Special issue of Weekly Shōnen Jump (with cover date October 30). The chapter was collected in the Wanted! Eiichiro Oda Short Stories [ja] volume, released on November 4, 1998.",
"title": "Media"
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"text": "In July 2023, it was announced that Monsters would receive an anime adaptation, later revealed to be an original net animation, set to premiere on Netflix in January 2024. It is directed by Sunghoo Park, who is also in charge of composition, and animated by his studio E&H Production. Takashi Kojima is serving as character designer, with Fuminao Akai as art director, Ryoji Nagasawa as color designer, Lee Ju-Mi as director of photography, and Keisuke Yanagi as editor, and Akiko Fujita as sound director. The music was composed by Hiroaki Tsutsumi and produced by Takeki Kobayashi.",
"title": "Media"
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] | Monsters: 103 Mercies Dragon Damnation is a Japanese original net animation (ONA) by E&H Production, based on the one-shot manga Monsters by Eiichiro Oda, published by Shueisha in the Autumn Special issue of Weekly Shōnen Jump in 1994. It is set to premiere on Netflix in January 2024. | 2023-12-15T06:38:49Z | 2023-12-18T14:16:53Z | [
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75,569,015 | Miles ministry | The Miles Ministry is a ministry of the Government of Queensland led by Steven Miles. Miles was elected the leader, of the Queensland Labor Party and subsequently premier following the resignation of Annastacia Palaszczuk on 15 December 2023. | [
{
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"text": "The Miles Ministry is a ministry of the Government of Queensland led by Steven Miles. Miles was elected the leader, of the Queensland Labor Party and subsequently premier following the resignation of Annastacia Palaszczuk on 15 December 2023.",
"title": ""
}
] | The Miles Ministry is a ministry of the Government of Queensland led by Steven Miles. Miles was elected the leader, of the Queensland Labor Party and subsequently premier following the resignation of Annastacia Palaszczuk on 15 December 2023. | 2023-12-15T06:41:50Z | 2023-12-23T06:35:03Z | [
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75,569,025 | Gladesville Ravens | Gladesville Ravens are a association football team based in Gladesville. They compete in the NSW National Premier Leagues Women’s or highest state level tier of women’s soccer within Football NSW. The club was founded in 1960 and is an operated as a registered not for profit organisation.
In 1960 the Founders created a Social Club to support soccer activities managed by Christ Church Gladesville. Within a few months they had negotiated with the Pastor for total control of the sport, and in 1961 entered the Gladesville-Hornsby Association competitions. In 1964 teams were formed for entry into the Sydney Suburban Amateur Division, a competition for senior players which drew clubs from across the metropolitan area. The 1980s began with a change of name to match this gradual change in the nature of the club, and so Gladesville Ravens Sports Club was announced. In 1981 soccer for women and girls was announced, and Ravens was a foundation club in the new Gladesville-Hornsby Women’s Soccer Association (now North West Sydney Football). In 1988 numbers and proficiency had grown to such a degree that entry into Women’s State Leagues was sought, where participation continues to the present day.
Gladesville Ravens play in black and white stripes, black shorts and black socks. Their away kit is all royal blue
Gladesville Ravens 2023 Squad | [
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"text": "Gladesville Ravens are a association football team based in Gladesville. They compete in the NSW National Premier Leagues Women’s or highest state level tier of women’s soccer within Football NSW. The club was founded in 1960 and is an operated as a registered not for profit organisation.",
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"text": "In 1960 the Founders created a Social Club to support soccer activities managed by Christ Church Gladesville. Within a few months they had negotiated with the Pastor for total control of the sport, and in 1961 entered the Gladesville-Hornsby Association competitions. In 1964 teams were formed for entry into the Sydney Suburban Amateur Division, a competition for senior players which drew clubs from across the metropolitan area. The 1980s began with a change of name to match this gradual change in the nature of the club, and so Gladesville Ravens Sports Club was announced. In 1981 soccer for women and girls was announced, and Ravens was a foundation club in the new Gladesville-Hornsby Women’s Soccer Association (now North West Sydney Football). In 1988 numbers and proficiency had grown to such a degree that entry into Women’s State Leagues was sought, where participation continues to the present day.",
"title": "Foundation"
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"text": "Gladesville Ravens play in black and white stripes, black shorts and black socks. Their away kit is all royal blue",
"title": "Colours and badge"
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"text": "Gladesville Ravens 2023 Squad",
"title": "Current squad"
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] | Gladesville Ravens are a association football team based in Gladesville. They compete in the NSW National Premier Leagues Women’s or highest state level tier of women’s soccer within Football NSW. The club was founded in 1960 and is an operated as a registered not for profit organisation. | 2023-12-15T06:44:55Z | 2023-12-16T11:38:32Z | [
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75,569,068 | Parnell Rugby League Football Club | Parnell Rugby League Football Club were a rugby league club in Auckland. They competed from 1918 (though more officially 1921) until 1930 before amalgamating with City Rovers at the start of 1931. They represented the Parnell suburb in inner Auckland.
Although the Parnell club did not officially form until 1921 they were belatedly registered in 1918 and fielded two teams. They had a side in the 4th grade, and another in the 6th grade. Prior to the start of the season they asked the Auckland Rugby League if they could affiliate with Grafton. It was decided to leave the arrangement to the Grafton club.
The reason they had asked to affiliate was that they had been late to register as a club. They then tried to affiliate with Newton Rangers. The Auckland Star in reporting on the matter wrote the “Parnell Club requested permission to affiliate with Newton. Owing to nominations being closed, thus barring Parnell from entering teams, the Northcote Club offered to forego their nominations in the 4th and 6th grade, so as to allow the Parnell Club to participate in the competitions. Affiliation was then granted to the Parnell Club, and the offer of Northcote for the transference of nominations was referred to the Junior Advisory Board”. The New Zealand Herald said that the league granted affiliation with the Newton club.
Their first ever games were against City Rovers on May 4 at Victoria Park at 1pm (6th grade), and Grafton Athletic at the Auckland Domain at 3pm (4th grade). The 4th grade side to play in their first match was: Richardson, Freeth, Frye, Hales, Keenan, Hodgson, Gallagher, Lawrence, Baggstron, Bines, Chitty, McLure, Pemberton, Lownes, Crocker, Shorter, Harding, and Gedye. While the 6th grade side was: Hodgson, Simpson, Smith, Taylor, McKay, Peters, Johnston, Packman, Iverson, Green, Kelly, Molloy, Brown, Meehan, Fowler, and Bethell. The 4th grade side lost to Grafton 11 to 8, and the 6th grade side lost to City 3 to 0. The matches were preseason type games and the competition did not properly start until 2 weeks later on May 18. The 4th grade team lost to Sunnyside 12–6 at the Devonport Domain and the 6th grade side lost to City 11–0 at Victoria Park. The results for the lower grade competitions were not consistently reported with the 4th grade side losing all 5 of their games where the score was reported while 3 other scores were not reported. They withdrew from the competition after 9 rounds. While the 6th grade side only had 6 results reported from 15 games, showing a win, a draw, and 4 losses. Their win was against Richmond Rovers by 6 points to 0 on June 8.
The club did not field any teams in the 1919 season or the 1920 season.
The Parnell rugby league club formed as a stand-alone entity on July 7, 1921. The first annual meeting was held in the Carlaw Park meeting rooms with “about 60 attending”. The following were elected officers:- Patron, Hon. A. Myers, M.P.; president, Mr. H. Aisken; vice presidents: Messrs. J.S. Dickson, M.P.; J.J. Sullivan, T. Markwick, J. Keenan, Harry Donovan, and J. Smith; chairman, Mr. Archibald Roy Turner; vice-chairman, Mr. Cameron; committee, Messrs. Gordan Percival Graydon, A. Keenan, H. Holt, G.W. Green, E. Gallaugher, Thomas Edward Cargill, and D.B. Stock. Arthur Myers was the M.P. for the Auckland East electorate at this time and had been the mayor of Auckland from 1905 to 1909. While James Samuel Dickson was the M.P. for Parnell from 1911 to 1928. The 1921 season was in its later stages and the club entered teams in the 4th grade competition, and 2 sides in the 6th grade A and B competitions. They played their first game against Kingsland Rovers on July 16 in the 4th grade at Grey Lynn Park at 3pm, while their 6th grade B side played Richmond at Grey Lynn Park also at 2pm. In August they also entered a 3rd grade side which drew 3–3 with Ellerslie United on August 13.
On August 30 they held a Euchre and Dance evening at St. Benedict's Hall with their honorary secretary, Gordon Huia Seagar publishing the newspaper notice. Seagar was the younger brother of George Seagar and older brother of Allan Seagar who both played rugby league for New Zealand. Then on October 30 the club held their annual picnic on Motutapu Island, travelling there by ferry.
Remarkably considering the club was in its infancy they embarked on a bold effort to form and field women's teams. They very nearly managed to do so however officials with the Auckland Rugby League shut it down. On July 11 the club posted an advertisement which stated “Parnell Ladies League Football Club, A meeting of ladies will be held in the Methodist Hall, Manukau Road, Parnell (a few doors below Murray's Chemist), at 8 p.m. on Tuesday, July 12. All lady enthusiasts invited to attend. Archibald Turner, founder of the Parnell Club, will preside”.
The meeting saw a large number of ladies attend and it was decided to play a match between two teams named the "Parnell Pioneers" and the "Parnell Rivals" at Carlaw Park on July 16 as curtain raiser to the Roope Rooster 1st grade men's games. Over 40 young ladies enrolled, with the majority aged from 16 to 20. They would play two quarters and wear the black and white jerseys of Parnell. It was said that a dozen more offered their services in other capacities. The Herald wrote “there was an English girl who had played “soccer” for the famous “Lyons” team in London, a public school teacher, several school girls, and a number of working girls. They were, on the whole, neat and well built, with an appearance that suggested speed and nippy play more than weight”. While the Auckland Star said a silver shield “similar to the Monteith Shield competed for by the men, had been donated, and members of the Auckland league management committee had donated a football, and were providing assistance in supplying jerseys”.
A set of caps had also been donated to be awarded to the winning side while Ivan Culpan, the ARL secretary explained “that the league wished to provide instruction every evening this week, so that the girls would make a good showing in their initial effort”. Mr. E. Stallworthy, a member of the management committee had offered to coach the team and he advised the girls to “breast up to the barrier and not be timid”, with one girl replaying “no fear we won’t”. They placed “four matrons in charge” to “supervise the girls”. They were Mrs. E. McDowell, Mrs. G.W. Green, Mrs. Evelyn Schulze, and Mrs. Tate while club officers were to be elected at a meeting the following night on July 13. At the end of the July 12 meeting a demonstration of play was made on “a model field”.
In the meantime there was discussion in the medical community about whether females should be playing rugby union or rugby league at all. A female team had formed in Wellington to play rugby union though had not yet played, while another was proposed for Christchurch. The Star newspaper had approached “several Christchurch medical men” and all of them had said that females should not be playing the contact sports as it “would prove prejudicial to their future health”. On July 13 at the Auckland Rugby League meeting they decided to “defer the application of the Parnell Ladies’ League Club for affiliation until a sub-committee had interviewed local doctors, and the league had thus been put in possession of medical advice upon the matter”. James Carlaw, chairman of the league said “it had apparently been taken for granted that the ladies would play a match on Saturday as a curtain raiser to the men’s game. That was unfortunate, because the true facts of the position were that some officers of the league had attended the meeting of lady enthusiasts in Parnell, and had given information. But they were not there in any official capacity, and the proposal to have a ladies’ club, and to have the ladies play a game, was now officially before the league for the first time”. Carlaw himself was initially against the idea though wished to consider it more while George Hunt thought “football as played by men was far too strenuous a game for girls”, and Ted Phelan said “football was not the proper game for women, who were not built right for such a strenuous pastime”. Carlaw then said “it would be a terrible judgment upon the league if they granted the ladies’ teams permission to play, and then one of the girls was killed or seriously injured”.
In the meantime the ladies had been practising on Parnell borough reserve which was situated opposite Campbell Park. Observers noted “tackling low was noticeable by its absence. The result of this, the first essay of the ladies, is not known, but the contestants seemed to thoroughly enjoy the outing. Blouses and bloomers were the prevailing costumes affected, and apparently the much discussed “shorts” are still too much of an innovation. There was a referee on the ground, and line umpires were also in evidence, but the control of the game was not by any means arbitrary”. Days later, on July 20 the Auckland Rugby League officially put an end to any hopes of the ladies being able to play under their oversight. Both sides put forward their arguments but “the request was declined”. Speaking for the right for the ladies to play was “a matron, two girls, together with male members of the Parnell club”. A member of their deputation said “they had already held a practice match in which 64 scrums were held, and were convinced that the game under the suggested modified rules was suitable for girls”.
Also Mr. Archie Ferguson, president of the referees committee accompanied them and “explained the modifications of the game… he said tackling, charging, scrum work and playing the ball rules had been altered so as to prevent the rough and tumble of the game”. In the past week more members had joined and their numbers were now up to 65 and it was remarked that girls who were currently playing soccer “were anxious to take up the league game and that girls at Onehunga were practising in anticipation of entering a competition”. Mr Fielding on the committee thought that a trial game could be played under the modified rules with doctors invited to witness the game, however after discussion under committee the amendment was lost on the votes, and the motion that the request of the deputation be declined was carried”.
On August 23 the ladies held a special meeting at “the Matron’s Home, No. 8 Constitution Hill” to discuss a match with Canterbury who were based in Christchurch. The Parnell ladies honorary secretary who published the notice of the meeting was G.W. Green. Over the remainder of the year they continued to meet and held euchre and dance evenings at St. Benedicts Hall, East Street, featuring Hawthorne's Orchestra. Their honorary secretary, T. Cargill advertised for a general meeting of the “Parnell Ladies’ League Football Club” on October 27 at the Parnell Methodist Schoolroom. Then at the start of the 1921 season they held their second annual meeting at Newmarket Hall on April 20. The outcome of the meeting was not reported and they were not mentioned again with interest likely waning with no official fixtures or competition for them to play in.
The 1922 season saw Parnell field teams in the 3rd, 4th, and 6th B grades. The 3rd grade team won 4 of their 9 matches that had scores reported and finished mid table, the 4th grade team also finished in the middle of the standings with 4 wins from 10 reported games. Their 6th grade team in the B section only had 7 results reported and won 3 and lost 4 of those. Their second annual meeting has been held at the Methodist Hall on Manukau Road in Parnell on March 1 with G.H. Seagar their honorary secretary at the time the meeting was being organised.
Following the meeting it was reported that many new players had been enrolled and they had initially hoped to field 5 teams and enter a side in the senior grade. They had also been trying to entice players in the Newmarket area to join the club. It was planned to organise a working bee to make a new playing ground at Campbell's Point, where a practice match would be played on March 25. Their officers elected for the year were: Patron, Mr. John Albert Endean; president, Mr. H. Asken; vice presidents, Messrs. S. Donaldson, J. Cleave, A. Secombe, E. Sullivan, G. Green, L. Heard, J. Keenan, R. Lewis, G. Johnstone, T. Watts, J. Pound, P.R. Colebrook, J.S. Bringham, J.L. Scott, P. Philcox, R. Martin; chairman, Mr. A.R. Turner; hon. secretary, Mr. G. Seagar; club captain, Mr. G. Cameron; treasurer, Mr. F. Hunter; committee, Messrs. G.P. Graydon, W. Western, W. Porter, J. Boyle, J. Western, P. Auger, C. Clark, F. Jagger, L. Smith, S. Davies, A. Riley”. Their patron, John Albert Endean was the son of John Endean who had "made money" gold mining overseas. He lived in the family house which still exists on Symonds Street.
In 1923 Parnell fielded 4 teams, 1 more than the previous season. They had teams in the 3rd grade, 4th grade, and 2 teams in the 6th grades (1 in the A and 1 in the B section). Their 3rd grade side came mid table, while the 4th grade side had a good year winning most of their games to finish around 3rd in an 11 team competition. Their 6th grade team in the A section finished towards the bottom of the table while the team in the B section won 8 and lost 4 of their games with a draw in another to finish near the top of the table. In February they held a meeting once again looking at forming a senior grade side. It was at the rugby league meeting rooms on Swanson Street with A.R. Turner still chairman, and J. Tilton the secretary. They met again on March 22 at the same venue to hold their annual meeting. On June 4 they had a “Grand Concert And Dance” in “aid of equipment fund” at St. Mark's Hall in Remuera. At the conclusion of the season the club went to Brown's Island (Motukorea) on Sunday, December 9.
At their annual meeting in 1924 Parnell saw a “very large attendance”. They elected John A. Lee as their patron. He was a very prominent socialist in New Zealand and a Labour Party M.P. from 1919 to 1940. Other officers elected were Mr. H. Askin as president, Archibald Ray Hoyte Turner (chairman), vice chairman was Mr. J. Weston, F. Hunter (treasurer), J. Tilton (hon. secretary), and Tilton was also the delegate to the junior management committee. For the 3rd consecutive season the club tried to form a senior team and on February 20 they held a meeting looking for prospective players. A meeting for juniors looking to join the club was then held on February 28. They met once more in mid March at Newmarket Hall on King Street with a request for all intending players to attend. They ultimately fielded teams in the same grades as the previous season (3rd, 4th, and each of the 6th grade sections). The 3rd grade team had 8 results reported of which they won 6 to finish near the top of the competition. The 4th grade side won 4 of their reported 6 games while the two 6th grade teams finished mid table.
1925 saw a slight reduction in playing numbers with teams entered in the 3rd, 4th, and 5th grades however it was arguably their strongest year in terms of results to date. There was relatively little coverage of specific details of the club other than an advertisement for all players to weigh in at Carlaw Park on April 19 and for a practice on the following Saturday. In the 3rd grade competition the Parnell side won 6 matches and lost 6 matches with 4 results not reported. Their 4th grade side had a very good season finishing 2nd in a 12 team competition. They had 10 wins and 4 losses with 2 other results not reported. The noticeable thing about their season was their high scoring. They won games 16–0, 13–0, 35–5, 44–0, 33–0, 37–0, 34–3, 18–2, and 21–0 in amongst their handful of defeats. They made it to the semi final of the knockout competition where they lost to Athletic on October 3. Two of their 4 losses came at the hands of the Richmond Rovers side which went through the season undefeated (8-9 and 3–13). The Parnell 5th grade team also performed well winning 5 of their 7 games which had results reported. They lost the knockout final to City Rovers by 16 points to 13 on October 3 which was played as a curtain raiser to the game between Auckland Province and Queensland.
The 1926 season was historic for the club for they managed to field a senior team for the first time. The side played in the newly formed B Division. They also fielded sides in the 3rd grade intermediate competition and the 4th grade. The clubs annual meeting was held at Donovan's Gymnasium on March 9. The gym was a well known facility in the Parnell area with the Donovan family heavily involved in rugby league in its formative decades. Harry Donovan ran the gym and had been on Parnell's committee in 1921. The meeting showed the club was financially stable with a “credit balance of £9 12/, and assets valued at £58 8/, a total of £68”. At the meeting they decided to enter a team in the “senior B grade competition” with practice commencing on the following Saturday. Their officers for the season were: President, Mr. John A. Lee, M.P.; vice presidents, Messrs. Meehan, Rushton, Heard, Peters, McHugh, Petrie, White, Waite, Miller, Muller, Varella, Hunter, Green, Jones, Davies, Holt; hon. secretary, Archibald Turner; delegate to Junior Management Committee, Mr. L. Hilburn; committee, Messrs. Turner, Hunter, Hilburn, Ghent, Pearson, Cocayne, Lawrence, Davies, and Simpson. The club held a practice in mid April at their ground at Campbell's Point followed by a meeting.
The senior side struggled winning just 3 of their 12 games and finishing last of the 6 teams although they were relatively competitive in nearly all of their matches. In Round 6 Parnell defaulted to Ellerslie with the club secretary saying "the fact that five men are on the injured list and that others have had to leave town to seek work in the country were the chief factors". Stan Clark played for them and would later transfer to the City Rovers in 1929 to experience first grade football and from there he was selected for New Zealand in 1930, going on to play 9 matches for them over 3 years. Their first ever ‘senior’ match was played against Ellerslie United on April 24 on the No. 2 field at the Auckland Domain and refereed by Les Bull, one of the most prominent referees of the era. Their side was named: Herbert, Brockliss, Southwell, Clark, Griffiths, Hooker (2), Robinson, Binns, Nelson, Lawrence, Faulkner (2), Payne, Patton, Wilson, Smith, Worms, Russell, Perry, Simpson, and White.
Their 3rd grade intermediate side saw few results reported, winning 3, losing 2 with 3 other results unknown however they withdrew from the competition after July 17. Their 4th grade side went one better in 1925, winning the competition with 12 wins, 1 draw, and 1 loss from their 14 games. Once again they outscored their opponents heavily most weeks. Their team which was named to play in their opening game on May 1 was Meehan, Loft, Leek, Walsh, Pearson, Tate, Simpson, Sloman, Herring, Clapham, Clough, Stewart, Collins, and Callender.
The club also fielded a schoolboys team. The Parnell school was situated at the site of the present day Fraser Park, close to the old Carlaw Park site. It was later demolished due to its unsuitability for a school and rebuilt at the present day site on St Stephens Avenue. The St Stephens Māori school was moved from that site to it present day location in Bombay as they sought a more suitable site themselves. The schoolboys side played 5 matches, winning 2 and losing 3 in a somewhat informal competition with sides joining as the weeks went by. On October 7 the Auckland Star published a letter by Parnell secretary stating: “In reference to Mr. Frank Murphy’s [headmaster of the school] letter on school boys playing league football, and on refusal to recognise same, I have to note the contents, and in reply I wish to state that I interviewed the master and he raised no objections, mentioning, however, that he would not be a party to consenting to the boys playing. I then saw some of the boys who were eager to play league, and the game was then arranged. Mr. Murphy’s letter does not alter the fact that the majority of the boys in the school team that played against Otahuhu were the same boys that played rugby union all this season.
Ironically after their most successful season the Parnell club only fielded 2 sides in the 1927 competitions. They were in the B Division and 3rd grade intermediate competitions. Their B Division team won 3 games, drew 1, and lost 7 to finish 4th in the 7 team competition. It featured two very strong sides in Ellerslie and Kingsland with Northcote & Birkenhead Ramblers also competitive, and 4 other clubs who struggled somewhat, though the majority of Parnell's losses were by extremely narrow margins. They scored 103 points and conceded 131. Parnell were defeated by Kingsland Rovers 13-8 in the knockout competition with Kingsland having finished runners up in the championship weeks earlier. Their annual meeting was at Donovan's Gymnasium once more on March 17 at 7.45pm. John A. Lee presided over the meeting with "a large attendance". It was said that “financially the club was in a strong position, there being a credit balance of £18 7s. Assets amounted to £69”. Parnell's officers elected for the season were: Patron, Mr. H. A. Lee M.P.; chairman, Mr. F. Hunter; honorary secretary, Archibald Turner; treasurer, Mr. G.H. Davies; delegate to Auckland, Mr. P. Barry; delegate to Junior Management Committee, Mr. L. Heilburn; committee, Messrs. Ralph Brockliss, Wilson, Thompson, O'Brian, Anderson; vice-presidents, same as last year, with power to add; club captain, deferred until next meeting. The club held a practice on April 9 at their ground at Campbell's Point at 2 pm. It was reported that in a practice match that W. Riley had badly injured his shoulder and would “be incapacitated for some weeks”. On July 9 the Parnell senior side travelled to Rotorua and played the local side, winning 27–3. The Sun newspaper reported that “the Parnell team had a splendid trip to the hot pools centre last weekend making the journey by The Sun service car, which landed them back on Sunday night, in plenty of time to start work again bright and early on Monday morning”. They went on to say that Turner of the Parnell club said “they have first-class material in Rotorua, and it only wants a few more visits from metropolitan sides to give the Rotorua men a bit more experience, and they will take a lot of beating”. They also hoped to visit Rotorua again before the end of the season.
Their 3rd grade side won 3 games, drew 1 and lost 4, but had 9 results unreported so it is unknown how they fared overall.
The 1928 season saw Parnell once again only field 2 teams, in the B Division and 3rd grade competition. As Auckland continued to grow the number of young people living in the central Auckland area proportionally reduced so they would have had a reduced pool of young players compared to other suburbs. Their senior team finished 5th in the 7 team B Grade competition which now competed for the Norton Cup. Parnell's season started promisingly with a win over Māngere United 13 to 5, a 12–12 draw with eventual champions Grafton Athletic, and then wins over Point Chevalier (14-8), and Northcote & Birkenhead Ramblers (7-5). The first match of the season against Māngere was on the number 2 field at Carlaw Park which was of course situated in the suburb of Parnell. The majority of their home matches were played on the Auckland Domain or the ‘Outer Domain’ section of it which is adjacent to the museum. They then fell away though losing 5 straight games and ultimately finished with a 4 win, 1 draw, 6 loss season. They also lost their first game in the knockout competition to Point Chevalier 13–6 on September 22. Their 3rd grade team withdrew from the competition after defaulting their 11th round match despite having been competitive to that point, finishing with 4 wins and a draw along with 4 losses.
The annual meeting was at “Donovan’s Gymnasium, 1st section, Parnell” once more, on March 15. The meeting showed a cash balance of £30 2/11, and assets of £57 10/. The club unfortunately lost their ground due to the council creating an outlet road for eastern traffic which went through the property. The club was now forced to make arrangements to use the Auckland Domain for training purposes. The officers elected for the season were: Patron, Mr. John A. Lee, M.P.; vice presidents, same as last year, with four added; chairman, Mr. T. Wells; treasurer, Mr. George Davies; hon. secretary, Mr. G. Smith; senior delegate to Auckland Rugby League, Mr. P. Barry; junior delegate, Mr. L. Heilburn; club captain, Mr. Ralph Brockliss; coach, Mr. W. Little; committee, Messrs. Wells, Turner, George Davies, Brockliss, Stan Clark, W. Little, Richard Sloman, McArthur, Ritchie, McLure, and Anderson. (Leo) Ralph Brockliss has previously played for Newton Rangers senior side earlier in the decade and was now aged 30. His son, Morris (Morrie) Brockliss played for Marist in the 1940s. The club advertised that trainings at the start of the season would be on the Domain, Tuesday and Thursday at 7.30pm.
By 1929 Parnell was only able to field one team. They were their B Division team and they finished second to last in the championship winning just two of their 10 games. Both of their wins came against the last placed Māngere United. In the Stallard Cup played after the championship they lost 3 games, had a match postponed and then forfeited their final game of the season. Their annual meeting had been held at Donovan's Gymnasium on March 14 with their honorary secretary still A.R. Turner. The club had a credit balance of £25 and chairman George Davies presided over the annual meeting. Their patron was John A. Lee once more, with others elected being: chairman, Mr. George Davies; treasurer, Mr. George Davies; secretary, Mr. A.R. Turner; delegate to A.R.L., Mr. George Davies; coach Mr. Ralph Brockliss; club captain, Mr. Richard (Dick) Arthur Sloman; committee, Messrs. Hosking, Ritchie, Clark, Peachey, Brockliss, Sloman, O’Donnell, and Pearson. Ralph Brockliss had moved from captaining the side to being their coach with Richard (Dick) Sloman becoming captain. He had played for Parnell for several years and was in their 6th grade team in 1921 before progressing to the senior side of 1927. The senior side held a practice at the start of the season at Carlaw Park. At the end of the season the side travelled to Huntly to play the local side. They lost 24–16 with their standout players being Hine and Anderson.
The 1930 season saw Parnell field a team in the B Division again but they also joined forces with the Akarana club to field teams in the 3rd intermediate, 4th, and 5th grades. The senior side only fared slightly better than the previous year, winning 4 of its 12 games (2 more than 1929) to finish second to last once more.
As in previous years the annual meeting was at Donovan's Gymnasium in Parnell with Archibald Turner continuing in the position of honorary secretary. The meeting was held on March 10. At the meeting a vote of thanks was given to George Davies who had been their senior delegate to the ARL. He was resigning to take up a place in the neighbouring Newmarket league club. It was mentioned that the club had made a practice of sending a team away each year and that they had given “a good account of themselves”. They had a cash balance of £30 in the bank and gear to the value of £11. It was also said that many new members had joined the club and the “outlook for the 1930 season is very promising”. The election of officers saw positions go to John A. Lee who was again patron; chairman, Mr. F. Hunter; secretary and treasurer, Archibald Turner; delegate to ARL, Mr. T. Wells; club captain, Richard Sloman; coach, Ralph Brockliss.
The combined junior sides with Akarana did well. The 3rd grade intermediate team won 6 and drew 1 of their 12 games to finish mid table, while the 4th grade team won 12 games, drew 3, and lost 5 of their matches to finish second in a 12 team competition. Their 5th grade side won 5 of their 14 games to finish low on the table.
The club held fortnightly dances at the Municipal Hall in Newmarket. At the June 4 evening the music was provided by Walter Smith's Orchestra who were performing “Old-Time and Jazz”.
At the end of the season the team travelled to Hikurangi in a ‘party of 20’. They went by motorcar and played a Northland side on October 11. The players to travel were McLaren, Richard Sloman, O’Donnell, Kerr-Stipney, Iverson, Perry, Alderton, Maher, Green, Ellis, Jones, Shortland, Bracegirdle, Reid, G. Munce, and Ragg, and were accompanied by Archibald Turner. The match was played on Hikurangi Recreation Park with the Northland City team assembled at fairly shirt notice. Willie Shortland and Perry from the Parnell side played for the local team. The Northland side won 25–12 in an open encounter which was said to be the best passing and handling effort seen in the area that season. The Northland side was fairly strong and included several members of the areas full Northland representative team including Rod Hamilton, Claude Hamilton, N Dunn, J. Crackett, Eddie Cunningham, E O’Callaghan, and C O’Callaghan.
On April 12 the club held a meeting for all “players and intending players” at Carlaw Park. It was reported in late April that the club had amalgamated with the City Rovers club and that several of their players would be strengthening the ranks of the City first grade side. The management committee of the ARL had been notified by the Parnell secretary, which was now Richard Sloman that the amalgamation had taken place. After the start of the season former Parnell players Kerr and Munce had both debuted for the City senior grade side in the Fox Memorial Shield competition. A.R. Turner became the manager of the City senior side in 1932, and then later in the same year he managed the Auckland team. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Parnell Rugby League Football Club were a rugby league club in Auckland. They competed from 1918 (though more officially 1921) until 1930 before amalgamating with City Rovers at the start of 1931. They represented the Parnell suburb in inner Auckland.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Although the Parnell club did not officially form until 1921 they were belatedly registered in 1918 and fielded two teams. They had a side in the 4th grade, and another in the 6th grade. Prior to the start of the season they asked the Auckland Rugby League if they could affiliate with Grafton. It was decided to leave the arrangement to the Grafton club.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The reason they had asked to affiliate was that they had been late to register as a club. They then tried to affiliate with Newton Rangers. The Auckland Star in reporting on the matter wrote the “Parnell Club requested permission to affiliate with Newton. Owing to nominations being closed, thus barring Parnell from entering teams, the Northcote Club offered to forego their nominations in the 4th and 6th grade, so as to allow the Parnell Club to participate in the competitions. Affiliation was then granted to the Parnell Club, and the offer of Northcote for the transference of nominations was referred to the Junior Advisory Board”. The New Zealand Herald said that the league granted affiliation with the Newton club.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Their first ever games were against City Rovers on May 4 at Victoria Park at 1pm (6th grade), and Grafton Athletic at the Auckland Domain at 3pm (4th grade). The 4th grade side to play in their first match was: Richardson, Freeth, Frye, Hales, Keenan, Hodgson, Gallagher, Lawrence, Baggstron, Bines, Chitty, McLure, Pemberton, Lownes, Crocker, Shorter, Harding, and Gedye. While the 6th grade side was: Hodgson, Simpson, Smith, Taylor, McKay, Peters, Johnston, Packman, Iverson, Green, Kelly, Molloy, Brown, Meehan, Fowler, and Bethell. The 4th grade side lost to Grafton 11 to 8, and the 6th grade side lost to City 3 to 0. The matches were preseason type games and the competition did not properly start until 2 weeks later on May 18. The 4th grade team lost to Sunnyside 12–6 at the Devonport Domain and the 6th grade side lost to City 11–0 at Victoria Park. The results for the lower grade competitions were not consistently reported with the 4th grade side losing all 5 of their games where the score was reported while 3 other scores were not reported. They withdrew from the competition after 9 rounds. While the 6th grade side only had 6 results reported from 15 games, showing a win, a draw, and 4 losses. Their win was against Richmond Rovers by 6 points to 0 on June 8.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The club did not field any teams in the 1919 season or the 1920 season.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The Parnell rugby league club formed as a stand-alone entity on July 7, 1921. The first annual meeting was held in the Carlaw Park meeting rooms with “about 60 attending”. The following were elected officers:- Patron, Hon. A. Myers, M.P.; president, Mr. H. Aisken; vice presidents: Messrs. J.S. Dickson, M.P.; J.J. Sullivan, T. Markwick, J. Keenan, Harry Donovan, and J. Smith; chairman, Mr. Archibald Roy Turner; vice-chairman, Mr. Cameron; committee, Messrs. Gordan Percival Graydon, A. Keenan, H. Holt, G.W. Green, E. Gallaugher, Thomas Edward Cargill, and D.B. Stock. Arthur Myers was the M.P. for the Auckland East electorate at this time and had been the mayor of Auckland from 1905 to 1909. While James Samuel Dickson was the M.P. for Parnell from 1911 to 1928. The 1921 season was in its later stages and the club entered teams in the 4th grade competition, and 2 sides in the 6th grade A and B competitions. They played their first game against Kingsland Rovers on July 16 in the 4th grade at Grey Lynn Park at 3pm, while their 6th grade B side played Richmond at Grey Lynn Park also at 2pm. In August they also entered a 3rd grade side which drew 3–3 with Ellerslie United on August 13.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "On August 30 they held a Euchre and Dance evening at St. Benedict's Hall with their honorary secretary, Gordon Huia Seagar publishing the newspaper notice. Seagar was the younger brother of George Seagar and older brother of Allan Seagar who both played rugby league for New Zealand. Then on October 30 the club held their annual picnic on Motutapu Island, travelling there by ferry.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Remarkably considering the club was in its infancy they embarked on a bold effort to form and field women's teams. They very nearly managed to do so however officials with the Auckland Rugby League shut it down. On July 11 the club posted an advertisement which stated “Parnell Ladies League Football Club, A meeting of ladies will be held in the Methodist Hall, Manukau Road, Parnell (a few doors below Murray's Chemist), at 8 p.m. on Tuesday, July 12. All lady enthusiasts invited to attend. Archibald Turner, founder of the Parnell Club, will preside”.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The meeting saw a large number of ladies attend and it was decided to play a match between two teams named the \"Parnell Pioneers\" and the \"Parnell Rivals\" at Carlaw Park on July 16 as curtain raiser to the Roope Rooster 1st grade men's games. Over 40 young ladies enrolled, with the majority aged from 16 to 20. They would play two quarters and wear the black and white jerseys of Parnell. It was said that a dozen more offered their services in other capacities. The Herald wrote “there was an English girl who had played “soccer” for the famous “Lyons” team in London, a public school teacher, several school girls, and a number of working girls. They were, on the whole, neat and well built, with an appearance that suggested speed and nippy play more than weight”. While the Auckland Star said a silver shield “similar to the Monteith Shield competed for by the men, had been donated, and members of the Auckland league management committee had donated a football, and were providing assistance in supplying jerseys”.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "A set of caps had also been donated to be awarded to the winning side while Ivan Culpan, the ARL secretary explained “that the league wished to provide instruction every evening this week, so that the girls would make a good showing in their initial effort”. Mr. E. Stallworthy, a member of the management committee had offered to coach the team and he advised the girls to “breast up to the barrier and not be timid”, with one girl replaying “no fear we won’t”. They placed “four matrons in charge” to “supervise the girls”. They were Mrs. E. McDowell, Mrs. G.W. Green, Mrs. Evelyn Schulze, and Mrs. Tate while club officers were to be elected at a meeting the following night on July 13. At the end of the July 12 meeting a demonstration of play was made on “a model field”.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "In the meantime there was discussion in the medical community about whether females should be playing rugby union or rugby league at all. A female team had formed in Wellington to play rugby union though had not yet played, while another was proposed for Christchurch. The Star newspaper had approached “several Christchurch medical men” and all of them had said that females should not be playing the contact sports as it “would prove prejudicial to their future health”. On July 13 at the Auckland Rugby League meeting they decided to “defer the application of the Parnell Ladies’ League Club for affiliation until a sub-committee had interviewed local doctors, and the league had thus been put in possession of medical advice upon the matter”. James Carlaw, chairman of the league said “it had apparently been taken for granted that the ladies would play a match on Saturday as a curtain raiser to the men’s game. That was unfortunate, because the true facts of the position were that some officers of the league had attended the meeting of lady enthusiasts in Parnell, and had given information. But they were not there in any official capacity, and the proposal to have a ladies’ club, and to have the ladies play a game, was now officially before the league for the first time”. Carlaw himself was initially against the idea though wished to consider it more while George Hunt thought “football as played by men was far too strenuous a game for girls”, and Ted Phelan said “football was not the proper game for women, who were not built right for such a strenuous pastime”. Carlaw then said “it would be a terrible judgment upon the league if they granted the ladies’ teams permission to play, and then one of the girls was killed or seriously injured”.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "In the meantime the ladies had been practising on Parnell borough reserve which was situated opposite Campbell Park. Observers noted “tackling low was noticeable by its absence. The result of this, the first essay of the ladies, is not known, but the contestants seemed to thoroughly enjoy the outing. Blouses and bloomers were the prevailing costumes affected, and apparently the much discussed “shorts” are still too much of an innovation. There was a referee on the ground, and line umpires were also in evidence, but the control of the game was not by any means arbitrary”. Days later, on July 20 the Auckland Rugby League officially put an end to any hopes of the ladies being able to play under their oversight. Both sides put forward their arguments but “the request was declined”. Speaking for the right for the ladies to play was “a matron, two girls, together with male members of the Parnell club”. A member of their deputation said “they had already held a practice match in which 64 scrums were held, and were convinced that the game under the suggested modified rules was suitable for girls”.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "Also Mr. Archie Ferguson, president of the referees committee accompanied them and “explained the modifications of the game… he said tackling, charging, scrum work and playing the ball rules had been altered so as to prevent the rough and tumble of the game”. In the past week more members had joined and their numbers were now up to 65 and it was remarked that girls who were currently playing soccer “were anxious to take up the league game and that girls at Onehunga were practising in anticipation of entering a competition”. Mr Fielding on the committee thought that a trial game could be played under the modified rules with doctors invited to witness the game, however after discussion under committee the amendment was lost on the votes, and the motion that the request of the deputation be declined was carried”.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "On August 23 the ladies held a special meeting at “the Matron’s Home, No. 8 Constitution Hill” to discuss a match with Canterbury who were based in Christchurch. The Parnell ladies honorary secretary who published the notice of the meeting was G.W. Green. Over the remainder of the year they continued to meet and held euchre and dance evenings at St. Benedicts Hall, East Street, featuring Hawthorne's Orchestra. Their honorary secretary, T. Cargill advertised for a general meeting of the “Parnell Ladies’ League Football Club” on October 27 at the Parnell Methodist Schoolroom. Then at the start of the 1921 season they held their second annual meeting at Newmarket Hall on April 20. The outcome of the meeting was not reported and they were not mentioned again with interest likely waning with no official fixtures or competition for them to play in.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "The 1922 season saw Parnell field teams in the 3rd, 4th, and 6th B grades. The 3rd grade team won 4 of their 9 matches that had scores reported and finished mid table, the 4th grade team also finished in the middle of the standings with 4 wins from 10 reported games. Their 6th grade team in the B section only had 7 results reported and won 3 and lost 4 of those. Their second annual meeting has been held at the Methodist Hall on Manukau Road in Parnell on March 1 with G.H. Seagar their honorary secretary at the time the meeting was being organised.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "Following the meeting it was reported that many new players had been enrolled and they had initially hoped to field 5 teams and enter a side in the senior grade. They had also been trying to entice players in the Newmarket area to join the club. It was planned to organise a working bee to make a new playing ground at Campbell's Point, where a practice match would be played on March 25. Their officers elected for the year were: Patron, Mr. John Albert Endean; president, Mr. H. Asken; vice presidents, Messrs. S. Donaldson, J. Cleave, A. Secombe, E. Sullivan, G. Green, L. Heard, J. Keenan, R. Lewis, G. Johnstone, T. Watts, J. Pound, P.R. Colebrook, J.S. Bringham, J.L. Scott, P. Philcox, R. Martin; chairman, Mr. A.R. Turner; hon. secretary, Mr. G. Seagar; club captain, Mr. G. Cameron; treasurer, Mr. F. Hunter; committee, Messrs. G.P. Graydon, W. Western, W. Porter, J. Boyle, J. Western, P. Auger, C. Clark, F. Jagger, L. Smith, S. Davies, A. Riley”. Their patron, John Albert Endean was the son of John Endean who had \"made money\" gold mining overseas. He lived in the family house which still exists on Symonds Street.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "In 1923 Parnell fielded 4 teams, 1 more than the previous season. They had teams in the 3rd grade, 4th grade, and 2 teams in the 6th grades (1 in the A and 1 in the B section). Their 3rd grade side came mid table, while the 4th grade side had a good year winning most of their games to finish around 3rd in an 11 team competition. Their 6th grade team in the A section finished towards the bottom of the table while the team in the B section won 8 and lost 4 of their games with a draw in another to finish near the top of the table. In February they held a meeting once again looking at forming a senior grade side. It was at the rugby league meeting rooms on Swanson Street with A.R. Turner still chairman, and J. Tilton the secretary. They met again on March 22 at the same venue to hold their annual meeting. On June 4 they had a “Grand Concert And Dance” in “aid of equipment fund” at St. Mark's Hall in Remuera. At the conclusion of the season the club went to Brown's Island (Motukorea) on Sunday, December 9.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "At their annual meeting in 1924 Parnell saw a “very large attendance”. They elected John A. Lee as their patron. He was a very prominent socialist in New Zealand and a Labour Party M.P. from 1919 to 1940. Other officers elected were Mr. H. Askin as president, Archibald Ray Hoyte Turner (chairman), vice chairman was Mr. J. Weston, F. Hunter (treasurer), J. Tilton (hon. secretary), and Tilton was also the delegate to the junior management committee. For the 3rd consecutive season the club tried to form a senior team and on February 20 they held a meeting looking for prospective players. A meeting for juniors looking to join the club was then held on February 28. They met once more in mid March at Newmarket Hall on King Street with a request for all intending players to attend. They ultimately fielded teams in the same grades as the previous season (3rd, 4th, and each of the 6th grade sections). The 3rd grade team had 8 results reported of which they won 6 to finish near the top of the competition. The 4th grade side won 4 of their reported 6 games while the two 6th grade teams finished mid table.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "1925 saw a slight reduction in playing numbers with teams entered in the 3rd, 4th, and 5th grades however it was arguably their strongest year in terms of results to date. There was relatively little coverage of specific details of the club other than an advertisement for all players to weigh in at Carlaw Park on April 19 and for a practice on the following Saturday. In the 3rd grade competition the Parnell side won 6 matches and lost 6 matches with 4 results not reported. Their 4th grade side had a very good season finishing 2nd in a 12 team competition. They had 10 wins and 4 losses with 2 other results not reported. The noticeable thing about their season was their high scoring. They won games 16–0, 13–0, 35–5, 44–0, 33–0, 37–0, 34–3, 18–2, and 21–0 in amongst their handful of defeats. They made it to the semi final of the knockout competition where they lost to Athletic on October 3. Two of their 4 losses came at the hands of the Richmond Rovers side which went through the season undefeated (8-9 and 3–13). The Parnell 5th grade team also performed well winning 5 of their 7 games which had results reported. They lost the knockout final to City Rovers by 16 points to 13 on October 3 which was played as a curtain raiser to the game between Auckland Province and Queensland.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 19,
"text": "The 1926 season was historic for the club for they managed to field a senior team for the first time. The side played in the newly formed B Division. They also fielded sides in the 3rd grade intermediate competition and the 4th grade. The clubs annual meeting was held at Donovan's Gymnasium on March 9. The gym was a well known facility in the Parnell area with the Donovan family heavily involved in rugby league in its formative decades. Harry Donovan ran the gym and had been on Parnell's committee in 1921. The meeting showed the club was financially stable with a “credit balance of £9 12/, and assets valued at £58 8/, a total of £68”. At the meeting they decided to enter a team in the “senior B grade competition” with practice commencing on the following Saturday. Their officers for the season were: President, Mr. John A. Lee, M.P.; vice presidents, Messrs. Meehan, Rushton, Heard, Peters, McHugh, Petrie, White, Waite, Miller, Muller, Varella, Hunter, Green, Jones, Davies, Holt; hon. secretary, Archibald Turner; delegate to Junior Management Committee, Mr. L. Hilburn; committee, Messrs. Turner, Hunter, Hilburn, Ghent, Pearson, Cocayne, Lawrence, Davies, and Simpson. The club held a practice in mid April at their ground at Campbell's Point followed by a meeting.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 20,
"text": "The senior side struggled winning just 3 of their 12 games and finishing last of the 6 teams although they were relatively competitive in nearly all of their matches. In Round 6 Parnell defaulted to Ellerslie with the club secretary saying \"the fact that five men are on the injured list and that others have had to leave town to seek work in the country were the chief factors\". Stan Clark played for them and would later transfer to the City Rovers in 1929 to experience first grade football and from there he was selected for New Zealand in 1930, going on to play 9 matches for them over 3 years. Their first ever ‘senior’ match was played against Ellerslie United on April 24 on the No. 2 field at the Auckland Domain and refereed by Les Bull, one of the most prominent referees of the era. Their side was named: Herbert, Brockliss, Southwell, Clark, Griffiths, Hooker (2), Robinson, Binns, Nelson, Lawrence, Faulkner (2), Payne, Patton, Wilson, Smith, Worms, Russell, Perry, Simpson, and White.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 21,
"text": "Their 3rd grade intermediate side saw few results reported, winning 3, losing 2 with 3 other results unknown however they withdrew from the competition after July 17. Their 4th grade side went one better in 1925, winning the competition with 12 wins, 1 draw, and 1 loss from their 14 games. Once again they outscored their opponents heavily most weeks. Their team which was named to play in their opening game on May 1 was Meehan, Loft, Leek, Walsh, Pearson, Tate, Simpson, Sloman, Herring, Clapham, Clough, Stewart, Collins, and Callender.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 22,
"text": "The club also fielded a schoolboys team. The Parnell school was situated at the site of the present day Fraser Park, close to the old Carlaw Park site. It was later demolished due to its unsuitability for a school and rebuilt at the present day site on St Stephens Avenue. The St Stephens Māori school was moved from that site to it present day location in Bombay as they sought a more suitable site themselves. The schoolboys side played 5 matches, winning 2 and losing 3 in a somewhat informal competition with sides joining as the weeks went by. On October 7 the Auckland Star published a letter by Parnell secretary stating: “In reference to Mr. Frank Murphy’s [headmaster of the school] letter on school boys playing league football, and on refusal to recognise same, I have to note the contents, and in reply I wish to state that I interviewed the master and he raised no objections, mentioning, however, that he would not be a party to consenting to the boys playing. I then saw some of the boys who were eager to play league, and the game was then arranged. Mr. Murphy’s letter does not alter the fact that the majority of the boys in the school team that played against Otahuhu were the same boys that played rugby union all this season.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 23,
"text": "Ironically after their most successful season the Parnell club only fielded 2 sides in the 1927 competitions. They were in the B Division and 3rd grade intermediate competitions. Their B Division team won 3 games, drew 1, and lost 7 to finish 4th in the 7 team competition. It featured two very strong sides in Ellerslie and Kingsland with Northcote & Birkenhead Ramblers also competitive, and 4 other clubs who struggled somewhat, though the majority of Parnell's losses were by extremely narrow margins. They scored 103 points and conceded 131. Parnell were defeated by Kingsland Rovers 13-8 in the knockout competition with Kingsland having finished runners up in the championship weeks earlier. Their annual meeting was at Donovan's Gymnasium once more on March 17 at 7.45pm. John A. Lee presided over the meeting with \"a large attendance\". It was said that “financially the club was in a strong position, there being a credit balance of £18 7s. Assets amounted to £69”. Parnell's officers elected for the season were: Patron, Mr. H. A. Lee M.P.; chairman, Mr. F. Hunter; honorary secretary, Archibald Turner; treasurer, Mr. G.H. Davies; delegate to Auckland, Mr. P. Barry; delegate to Junior Management Committee, Mr. L. Heilburn; committee, Messrs. Ralph Brockliss, Wilson, Thompson, O'Brian, Anderson; vice-presidents, same as last year, with power to add; club captain, deferred until next meeting. The club held a practice on April 9 at their ground at Campbell's Point at 2 pm. It was reported that in a practice match that W. Riley had badly injured his shoulder and would “be incapacitated for some weeks”. On July 9 the Parnell senior side travelled to Rotorua and played the local side, winning 27–3. The Sun newspaper reported that “the Parnell team had a splendid trip to the hot pools centre last weekend making the journey by The Sun service car, which landed them back on Sunday night, in plenty of time to start work again bright and early on Monday morning”. They went on to say that Turner of the Parnell club said “they have first-class material in Rotorua, and it only wants a few more visits from metropolitan sides to give the Rotorua men a bit more experience, and they will take a lot of beating”. They also hoped to visit Rotorua again before the end of the season.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 24,
"text": "Their 3rd grade side won 3 games, drew 1 and lost 4, but had 9 results unreported so it is unknown how they fared overall.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 25,
"text": "The 1928 season saw Parnell once again only field 2 teams, in the B Division and 3rd grade competition. As Auckland continued to grow the number of young people living in the central Auckland area proportionally reduced so they would have had a reduced pool of young players compared to other suburbs. Their senior team finished 5th in the 7 team B Grade competition which now competed for the Norton Cup. Parnell's season started promisingly with a win over Māngere United 13 to 5, a 12–12 draw with eventual champions Grafton Athletic, and then wins over Point Chevalier (14-8), and Northcote & Birkenhead Ramblers (7-5). The first match of the season against Māngere was on the number 2 field at Carlaw Park which was of course situated in the suburb of Parnell. The majority of their home matches were played on the Auckland Domain or the ‘Outer Domain’ section of it which is adjacent to the museum. They then fell away though losing 5 straight games and ultimately finished with a 4 win, 1 draw, 6 loss season. They also lost their first game in the knockout competition to Point Chevalier 13–6 on September 22. Their 3rd grade team withdrew from the competition after defaulting their 11th round match despite having been competitive to that point, finishing with 4 wins and a draw along with 4 losses.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 26,
"text": "The annual meeting was at “Donovan’s Gymnasium, 1st section, Parnell” once more, on March 15. The meeting showed a cash balance of £30 2/11, and assets of £57 10/. The club unfortunately lost their ground due to the council creating an outlet road for eastern traffic which went through the property. The club was now forced to make arrangements to use the Auckland Domain for training purposes. The officers elected for the season were: Patron, Mr. John A. Lee, M.P.; vice presidents, same as last year, with four added; chairman, Mr. T. Wells; treasurer, Mr. George Davies; hon. secretary, Mr. G. Smith; senior delegate to Auckland Rugby League, Mr. P. Barry; junior delegate, Mr. L. Heilburn; club captain, Mr. Ralph Brockliss; coach, Mr. W. Little; committee, Messrs. Wells, Turner, George Davies, Brockliss, Stan Clark, W. Little, Richard Sloman, McArthur, Ritchie, McLure, and Anderson. (Leo) Ralph Brockliss has previously played for Newton Rangers senior side earlier in the decade and was now aged 30. His son, Morris (Morrie) Brockliss played for Marist in the 1940s. The club advertised that trainings at the start of the season would be on the Domain, Tuesday and Thursday at 7.30pm.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 27,
"text": "By 1929 Parnell was only able to field one team. They were their B Division team and they finished second to last in the championship winning just two of their 10 games. Both of their wins came against the last placed Māngere United. In the Stallard Cup played after the championship they lost 3 games, had a match postponed and then forfeited their final game of the season. Their annual meeting had been held at Donovan's Gymnasium on March 14 with their honorary secretary still A.R. Turner. The club had a credit balance of £25 and chairman George Davies presided over the annual meeting. Their patron was John A. Lee once more, with others elected being: chairman, Mr. George Davies; treasurer, Mr. George Davies; secretary, Mr. A.R. Turner; delegate to A.R.L., Mr. George Davies; coach Mr. Ralph Brockliss; club captain, Mr. Richard (Dick) Arthur Sloman; committee, Messrs. Hosking, Ritchie, Clark, Peachey, Brockliss, Sloman, O’Donnell, and Pearson. Ralph Brockliss had moved from captaining the side to being their coach with Richard (Dick) Sloman becoming captain. He had played for Parnell for several years and was in their 6th grade team in 1921 before progressing to the senior side of 1927. The senior side held a practice at the start of the season at Carlaw Park. At the end of the season the side travelled to Huntly to play the local side. They lost 24–16 with their standout players being Hine and Anderson.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 28,
"text": "The 1930 season saw Parnell field a team in the B Division again but they also joined forces with the Akarana club to field teams in the 3rd intermediate, 4th, and 5th grades. The senior side only fared slightly better than the previous year, winning 4 of its 12 games (2 more than 1929) to finish second to last once more.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 29,
"text": "As in previous years the annual meeting was at Donovan's Gymnasium in Parnell with Archibald Turner continuing in the position of honorary secretary. The meeting was held on March 10. At the meeting a vote of thanks was given to George Davies who had been their senior delegate to the ARL. He was resigning to take up a place in the neighbouring Newmarket league club. It was mentioned that the club had made a practice of sending a team away each year and that they had given “a good account of themselves”. They had a cash balance of £30 in the bank and gear to the value of £11. It was also said that many new members had joined the club and the “outlook for the 1930 season is very promising”. The election of officers saw positions go to John A. Lee who was again patron; chairman, Mr. F. Hunter; secretary and treasurer, Archibald Turner; delegate to ARL, Mr. T. Wells; club captain, Richard Sloman; coach, Ralph Brockliss.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 30,
"text": "The combined junior sides with Akarana did well. The 3rd grade intermediate team won 6 and drew 1 of their 12 games to finish mid table, while the 4th grade team won 12 games, drew 3, and lost 5 of their matches to finish second in a 12 team competition. Their 5th grade side won 5 of their 14 games to finish low on the table.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 31,
"text": "The club held fortnightly dances at the Municipal Hall in Newmarket. At the June 4 evening the music was provided by Walter Smith's Orchestra who were performing “Old-Time and Jazz”.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 32,
"text": "At the end of the season the team travelled to Hikurangi in a ‘party of 20’. They went by motorcar and played a Northland side on October 11. The players to travel were McLaren, Richard Sloman, O’Donnell, Kerr-Stipney, Iverson, Perry, Alderton, Maher, Green, Ellis, Jones, Shortland, Bracegirdle, Reid, G. Munce, and Ragg, and were accompanied by Archibald Turner. The match was played on Hikurangi Recreation Park with the Northland City team assembled at fairly shirt notice. Willie Shortland and Perry from the Parnell side played for the local team. The Northland side won 25–12 in an open encounter which was said to be the best passing and handling effort seen in the area that season. The Northland side was fairly strong and included several members of the areas full Northland representative team including Rod Hamilton, Claude Hamilton, N Dunn, J. Crackett, Eddie Cunningham, E O’Callaghan, and C O’Callaghan.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 33,
"text": "On April 12 the club held a meeting for all “players and intending players” at Carlaw Park. It was reported in late April that the club had amalgamated with the City Rovers club and that several of their players would be strengthening the ranks of the City first grade side. The management committee of the ARL had been notified by the Parnell secretary, which was now Richard Sloman that the amalgamation had taken place. After the start of the season former Parnell players Kerr and Munce had both debuted for the City senior grade side in the Fox Memorial Shield competition. A.R. Turner became the manager of the City senior side in 1932, and then later in the same year he managed the Auckland team.",
"title": "History"
}
] | Parnell Rugby League Football Club were a rugby league club in Auckland. They competed from 1918 until 1930 before amalgamating with City Rovers at the start of 1931. They represented the Parnell suburb in inner Auckland. | 2023-12-15T06:48:10Z | 2023-12-29T15:10:25Z | [
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75,569,071 | Twinkle Arora (actress) | Twinkle Arora (born 30 September 1997) is an Indian actress and model who primarily works in Hindi television. She is best known for her portrayal of Nehmat in Udaariyaan serial on Colors TV. She has also appeared in many Punjabi music videos.
Twinkle Arora was born on 30 September 1997 in New Delhi. After some time she moved to Chandigarh. She completed her schooling from SD Public School, Hoshiarpur. She has done graduation in Marketing Mangement from DAV College, Chandigarh. Her mother Simmi Arora died in 2022.
Twinkle Arora started her career as a model. She has appeared in many Punjabi music videos.
She made her acting debut in 2022 with Colors TV popular serial Udaariyaan. She portrayed the character of Nehmat Kaur Virk through which she gained a lot of popularity. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Twinkle Arora (born 30 September 1997) is an Indian actress and model who primarily works in Hindi television. She is best known for her portrayal of Nehmat in Udaariyaan serial on Colors TV. She has also appeared in many Punjabi music videos.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Twinkle Arora was born on 30 September 1997 in New Delhi. After some time she moved to Chandigarh. She completed her schooling from SD Public School, Hoshiarpur. She has done graduation in Marketing Mangement from DAV College, Chandigarh. Her mother Simmi Arora died in 2022.",
"title": "Early Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Twinkle Arora started her career as a model. She has appeared in many Punjabi music videos.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "She made her acting debut in 2022 with Colors TV popular serial Udaariyaan. She portrayed the character of Nehmat Kaur Virk through which she gained a lot of popularity.",
"title": "Career"
}
] | Twinkle Arora is an Indian actress and model who primarily works in Hindi television. She is best known for her portrayal of Nehmat in Udaariyaan serial on Colors TV. She has also appeared in many Punjabi music videos. | 2023-12-15T06:49:35Z | 2023-12-15T07:36:20Z | [
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75,569,113 | Maria Humeniuk | [] | 2023-12-15T06:52:46Z | 2023-12-15T10:39:44Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Humeniuk |
||
75,569,169 | Pelecyphora duncanii | Pelecyphora duncanii is a species of flowering plant in the family Cactaceae, native to the southern United States.
Pelecyphora duncanii grows solitary or forms groups. The circular, almost spherical to inverted conical green shoots reach heights of 2.5 to 6 centimeters and the same diameter. The shoots are covered by the dense thorns. Their non-solid, cylindrical warts are up to 6 millimeters long. The 30 to 75 white thorns have a darker tip and cannot be divided into central and peripheral thorns. They are slender, fragile, needle-like, straight to curved or twisted, and up to 2 centimeters long.
The pink flowers are up to 3 centimeters long. The red, club-shaped fruits are up to 10 millimeters long.
Pelecyphora duncanii is widespread in the United States in southern New Mexico and western Texas.
The first description as Escobesseya duncanii by John Pinckney Hester was published in 1945. The specific epithet duncanii honors the American Frank Duncan, who owned the mining field where the species was discovered. Franz Buxbaum placed the species in the genus Escobaria in 1960. David Aquino & Daniel Sánchez moved the species to Pelecyphora based on phylogenetic studies in 2022. Further nomenclature synonyms are Escobaria duncanii (Hester) Backeb. (1961), Coryphantha duncanii (Hester) L.D.Benson (1969), Mammillaria duncanii (Hester) D.Weniger (1970), Escobaria dasyacantha var. duncanii (Hester) N.P.Taylor (1983) and Neobesseya duncanii (Hester) Lodé (2013). | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Pelecyphora duncanii is a species of flowering plant in the family Cactaceae, native to the southern United States.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Pelecyphora duncanii grows solitary or forms groups. The circular, almost spherical to inverted conical green shoots reach heights of 2.5 to 6 centimeters and the same diameter. The shoots are covered by the dense thorns. Their non-solid, cylindrical warts are up to 6 millimeters long. The 30 to 75 white thorns have a darker tip and cannot be divided into central and peripheral thorns. They are slender, fragile, needle-like, straight to curved or twisted, and up to 2 centimeters long.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The pink flowers are up to 3 centimeters long. The red, club-shaped fruits are up to 10 millimeters long.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Pelecyphora duncanii is widespread in the United States in southern New Mexico and western Texas.",
"title": "Distribution"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The first description as Escobesseya duncanii by John Pinckney Hester was published in 1945. The specific epithet duncanii honors the American Frank Duncan, who owned the mining field where the species was discovered. Franz Buxbaum placed the species in the genus Escobaria in 1960. David Aquino & Daniel Sánchez moved the species to Pelecyphora based on phylogenetic studies in 2022. Further nomenclature synonyms are Escobaria duncanii (Hester) Backeb. (1961), Coryphantha duncanii (Hester) L.D.Benson (1969), Mammillaria duncanii (Hester) D.Weniger (1970), Escobaria dasyacantha var. duncanii (Hester) N.P.Taylor (1983) and Neobesseya duncanii (Hester) Lodé (2013).",
"title": "Taxonomy"
}
] | Pelecyphora duncanii is a species of flowering plant in the family Cactaceae, native to the southern United States. | 2023-12-15T06:59:30Z | 2023-12-21T15:33:57Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelecyphora_duncanii |
75,569,214 | Agongdian Solar PV Park | The Agongdian Solar PV Park (traditional Chinese: 阿公店水庫太陽光電場; simplified Chinese: 阿公店水库太阳光电场; pinyin: Āgōngdiàn Shuǐkù Tàiyáng Guāngdiànchǎng) is a floating photovoltaic power plant on Agongdian Reservoir in Yanchao District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
The power plant was commissioned in December 2017.
The power plant spans over an area of 9.2 hectares on Agongdian Reservoir.
The power plant has an installed generation capacity of 10.2 MW. Each PV modul is rated 290 W. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Agongdian Solar PV Park (traditional Chinese: 阿公店水庫太陽光電場; simplified Chinese: 阿公店水库太阳光电场; pinyin: Āgōngdiàn Shuǐkù Tàiyáng Guāngdiànchǎng) is a floating photovoltaic power plant on Agongdian Reservoir in Yanchao District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The power plant was commissioned in December 2017.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The power plant spans over an area of 9.2 hectares on Agongdian Reservoir.",
"title": "Architecture"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The power plant has an installed generation capacity of 10.2 MW. Each PV modul is rated 290 W.",
"title": "Technical specifications"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | The Agongdian Solar PV Park is a floating photovoltaic power plant on Agongdian Reservoir in Yanchao District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. | 2023-12-15T07:03:32Z | 2024-01-01T00:03:43Z | [
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75,569,381 | Louis Zhang Jiashu | Louis Zhang Jiashu SJ (30 June 1893 – 25 February 1988), was a Chinese Jesuit priest. A founding member of the Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association (CCPA) in 1957, Zhang was elected and consecrated as the Bishop of Shanghai in 1960 without Vatican approval. He then suffered persecution during the Cultural Revolution, but resumed his position after the movement and became a political figure in his final years.
Born and raised in Shanghai, Zhang completed his Jesuit formation in Europe and returned to China in 1925. After the 1955 arrest of Bishop Ignatius Kung Pin-mei, Zhang supported the Chinese Communist Party and the self-election, self-consecration practice, in which diocesan priests elect their own bishops, and eventually became bishop in the same manner. After the Cultural Revolution, he became a delegate to the 5th National People's Congress, and a member of the Standing Committee of the 5th and 6th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. In 1980 he was elected the inaugural leader of both the Bishops' Conference of Catholic Church in China [zh] and the Chinese Catholic Church Affairs Committee.
In his final years, Zhang founded the Sheshan Seminary [zh] in 1982 and served as its first president of the board. He also met with world religious figures including Michael Ramsey, John Baptist Wu, and Desmond Tutu.
Zhang was born on 30 June 1893 in the Old City of Shanghai. He was born to a Catholic family from Nanhui. His birth name was Zhang Duanliu (Chinese: 張端六), and his courtesy name was Tinggui (Chinese: 庭桂). He was baptized at the Old Catholic Church, Shanghai. In 1902, he entered the St. Berchmans School operated by the Old Catholic Church. When he was fifteen, he entered at Collège Saint Ignace, Xuhui. In 1910, after graduating from high school, he entered the Jesuit novitiate in Shanghai, but he left for a Jesuit novitiate in the United Kingdom in 1911, where he studied literature and philosophy at Jesuit institutions in Canterbury and Hastings. He began to study theology in Jersey in 1920. After he was ordained in October 1923, he returned to China in October 1925, when he was 33 years old.
After Zhang returned to China, he was appointed as the vice dean of Our Lady of the Holy Rosary Church, Pudong [zh] for a year. Then, from 1926 to 1943, he worked at Collège Saint Ignace as a supervisor, the dean of studies, and eventually the principal. During this time he changed his name to Zhang Jiashu. After 1943, he was appointed to Sacred Heart Church, Zhangjialou [zh] and St. Aloysius Gonzaga Church, Jiaozhou Road [zh].
In 1949, fearing the imminent CCP takeover, the provincial superior of the Jesuit Province of Jingxian, Franz Burckhardt [zh], instructed Zhang and Lian Guobang to send the sisters of the Congregation of Notre Dame to Macau. After the CCP occupied Shanghai, they appropriated many properties of the Catholic Church in the city. In this context, Bishop Ignatius Kung Pin-mei and Fernand Lacretelle [zh] reorganized the leadership within the diocese, and Zhang was appointed the dean of Sacred Heart Church, Hongkou [zh], with Wu Yingfeng [zh] being the vice-dean.
We thank Divine Providence that the People's Government has taken effective measures to save our church in Shanghai from Kung's road to destruction.
Members of the Clergy of the Catholic Church in Shanghai, "A Letter to Clergy and Congregation"
On 8 September 1955, Bishop Kung was arrested [zh] under the charges of being a counter-revolutionary and committing treason. After the arrest, Zhang was a leading figure to proclaim his support for the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the arrest of Kung. Later in 1955, about 70 priests of the Diocese of Shanghai published "A Letter to Clergy and Congregation" (Chinese: 告神长教友书), which supported the CCP and the government's response to Kung's counter-revolutionary and treasonous group. Zhang was one of the signatories.
In March 1956, when a council of priests elected Francis Xavier Zhang Shilang as the acting bishop of the Shanghai, Zhang supported the election. The council then sent a telegram to the Vatican seeking approval for their action, but the Holy See did not recognize Zhang Shilang, and affirmed Kung's episcopate instead. In March 1958, the clergy members of the Archdiocese of Hankou and the Diocese of Wuchang elected Bernardine Dong Guangqing and Yuan Wenhua as bishops respectively. Zhang led a delegation from Shanghai to Wuhan to congratulate the elections.
Meanwhile, from 1956 to 1957, a series of conferences were held in Beijing to prepare the establishment of the Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association (CCPA). Zhang Jiashu was one of the representatives from Shanghai at the February 1957 conference. The CCPA was established on 2 August 1957, headed by John Li Weiguang. Zhang was also elected as a member of the standing committee of CCPA. According to Paul P. Mariani, around 1957, the Shanghai Religious Affairs Bureau [zh] was planning to elect Zhang Jiashu and Zhang Shiliang as Shanghai CCPA leaders.
From 30 March to 10 April 1960, Zhang observed the 2nd National People's Congress in Beijing along with other clergy members and laymen. They again denounced Kung Pin-mei and accepted the leadership of the CCP.
Around this time, Zhang served first as the dean of Saint Peter's Church, Shanghai, and then as the acting rector of Xujiahui Seminary [zh]. In April 1960, the Shanghai CPA elected Zhang as the bishop of the Diocese of Shanghai. On the 26th of the month, Zhang was consecrated bishop under the self-election, self-consecration principle by Archbishop Ignatius Pi Shushi and Bishop Francis Xavier Zhao Zhensheng [zh], along with Matthias Wu Guohuan [zh], Shu Qishei, and Fang Zhigang. The ceremony happened at St. Ignatius Church, Xujiahui, which became the cathedral of the Diocese of Shanghai since then. According to Mariani, Rome denounced Zhang's consecration. Zhang was also elected as the vice chair of the Shanghai CPA, subordinate to the chairman Hu Wenayao [zh]. In summer 1960, Zhang told an Italian journalist that he and Rome were not in touch with each other. According to Aloysius Jin Luxian, during this period of Zhang's episcopate, he could only write dossiers to explain his own background or expose other people.
After the Cultural Revolution began in 1966, Zhang was sent down to work at a factory, where he fixed umbrellas and washed glass bottles. The Red Guards, led by Kuai Dafu [zh], also attacked and damaged St. Ignatius Cathedral, Xujiahui. They put the priests and nuns through struggle sessions, and forced them to desecrate statues of saints and crosses. In particular, they demanded Zhang to step on a cross and yell "Down with God." There are different accounts on Zhang's response to the humiliation: according to Zhang Duomo, Zhang Jiashu knelt in front of the icons instead.
Zhang was rehabilitated in 1978. He donated his compensation to restore the St. Ignatius Cathedral, to prepare for a seminary in Sheshan, and donated the rest to the China Disabled Persons' Federation. He became a delegate to the 5th National People's Congress and a member of the Standing Committee of the 5th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). In May 1978, he met with Angelo S. Lazzarotto in Shanghai, during which he mentioned that he had not ordained any new priests in Shanghai, and did not know how many other bishops are there in China at the time. Lazzarotto mentioned in Latin that the Pope thought of Zhang and prayed for him, and Zhang expressed his gratitude.
In December 1979, Zhang assisted in the consecration of Michael Fu Tieshan by Michael Yang Gaojian [zh]., despite that the Holy See did not approve the election and consecration of Fu. At the CCPA conference in May 1980, Zhang was also elected to be the inaugural president of the Bishops' Conference of Catholic Church in China [zh] and the inaugural chair of the Chinese Catholic Church Affairs Committee (Chinese: 中国天主教教务委员会). During the conference, Zhang voiced critical opinions of the Vatican.
Meanwhile, the Chinese priest Zhu Hongsheng [zh] was arrested in November 1981. Governmental sources accused Zhu of organizing a riot at Sheshan Basilica in March 1980, while Amnesty International noted that Zhu and other priests refused to cooperate with the CCPA. Zhang opposed Zhu and other non-governmental priests, and said in December 1981 that they engaged in "illegal activities under the cloak of Catholicism."
After the 1981 conference of the CCPA in Beijing, Zhang discussed the founding of Sheshan Seminary [zh] with Lu Weidu [zh] and Gu Meiqing (Chinese: 顾梅青). They decided to first utilise the buildings surrounding Sheshan Basilica as the seminary's campus, and sought for Aloysius Jin Luxian's release, so he could lead the seminary. Jin was released in June 1982. On 23 June, a plenary conference including clergy members from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Shanghai resolved to establish Sheshan Seminary, with Zhang as the president of the board and Jin as the rector. The seminary began its operation on 11 October 1982. In 1983, dioceses from Shandong, Jiangxi and Fujian also joined the sponsorship of the seminary.
Zhang remained as a member of the Standing Committee of the 6th CPPCC. During the 1983 CPPCC, he and other Catholic delegates pressed the government of Beijing to return Church of the Saviour to the Catholic Church. In the same year, Zhang received Michael Ramsey, archbishop of Canterbury, at his episcopal residence in Shanghai. In 1984, Zhang appointed Stephen Li Side and Aloysius Jin Luxian auxiliary bishops. Li and Jin were both consecrated on 27 January 1985. In March 1985, while attending the CPPCC in Beijing, Zhang met with Bishop John Baptist Wu of Hong Kong. Later in 1985, after his 30-year imprisonment, Ignatius Kung Pin-mei went to Shanghai to visit Zhang. In August 1986, Zhang met with Bishop Desmond Tutu at St. Ignatius Cathedral.
Zhang died on 25 February 1988, and a Mass was said for him two days later at St. Ignatius Cathedral. The Shanghai Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference [zh] held a memorial service for Zhang on 2 March that year. Deng Yingchao, Li Peng, Jiang Zemin and Xi Zhongxun sent mourning wreaths. His positions in the Bishops' Conference and in the church Affairs Committee was succeeded by Joseph Zong Huaide. In 1993, the Diocese of Shanghai held a memorial service for Zhang and published the book Memorial Collection of Bishop Zhang Jiashu. | [
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"text": "Louis Zhang Jiashu SJ (30 June 1893 – 25 February 1988), was a Chinese Jesuit priest. A founding member of the Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association (CCPA) in 1957, Zhang was elected and consecrated as the Bishop of Shanghai in 1960 without Vatican approval. He then suffered persecution during the Cultural Revolution, but resumed his position after the movement and became a political figure in his final years.",
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},
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"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "In his final years, Zhang founded the Sheshan Seminary [zh] in 1982 and served as its first president of the board. He also met with world religious figures including Michael Ramsey, John Baptist Wu, and Desmond Tutu.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Zhang was born on 30 June 1893 in the Old City of Shanghai. He was born to a Catholic family from Nanhui. His birth name was Zhang Duanliu (Chinese: 張端六), and his courtesy name was Tinggui (Chinese: 庭桂). He was baptized at the Old Catholic Church, Shanghai. In 1902, he entered the St. Berchmans School operated by the Old Catholic Church. When he was fifteen, he entered at Collège Saint Ignace, Xuhui. In 1910, after graduating from high school, he entered the Jesuit novitiate in Shanghai, but he left for a Jesuit novitiate in the United Kingdom in 1911, where he studied literature and philosophy at Jesuit institutions in Canterbury and Hastings. He began to study theology in Jersey in 1920. After he was ordained in October 1923, he returned to China in October 1925, when he was 33 years old.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "After Zhang returned to China, he was appointed as the vice dean of Our Lady of the Holy Rosary Church, Pudong [zh] for a year. Then, from 1926 to 1943, he worked at Collège Saint Ignace as a supervisor, the dean of studies, and eventually the principal. During this time he changed his name to Zhang Jiashu. After 1943, he was appointed to Sacred Heart Church, Zhangjialou [zh] and St. Aloysius Gonzaga Church, Jiaozhou Road [zh].",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In 1949, fearing the imminent CCP takeover, the provincial superior of the Jesuit Province of Jingxian, Franz Burckhardt [zh], instructed Zhang and Lian Guobang to send the sisters of the Congregation of Notre Dame to Macau. After the CCP occupied Shanghai, they appropriated many properties of the Catholic Church in the city. In this context, Bishop Ignatius Kung Pin-mei and Fernand Lacretelle [zh] reorganized the leadership within the diocese, and Zhang was appointed the dean of Sacred Heart Church, Hongkou [zh], with Wu Yingfeng [zh] being the vice-dean.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "We thank Divine Providence that the People's Government has taken effective measures to save our church in Shanghai from Kung's road to destruction.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Members of the Clergy of the Catholic Church in Shanghai, \"A Letter to Clergy and Congregation\"",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "On 8 September 1955, Bishop Kung was arrested [zh] under the charges of being a counter-revolutionary and committing treason. After the arrest, Zhang was a leading figure to proclaim his support for the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the arrest of Kung. Later in 1955, about 70 priests of the Diocese of Shanghai published \"A Letter to Clergy and Congregation\" (Chinese: 告神长教友书), which supported the CCP and the government's response to Kung's counter-revolutionary and treasonous group. Zhang was one of the signatories.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "In March 1956, when a council of priests elected Francis Xavier Zhang Shilang as the acting bishop of the Shanghai, Zhang supported the election. The council then sent a telegram to the Vatican seeking approval for their action, but the Holy See did not recognize Zhang Shilang, and affirmed Kung's episcopate instead. In March 1958, the clergy members of the Archdiocese of Hankou and the Diocese of Wuchang elected Bernardine Dong Guangqing and Yuan Wenhua as bishops respectively. Zhang led a delegation from Shanghai to Wuhan to congratulate the elections.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Meanwhile, from 1956 to 1957, a series of conferences were held in Beijing to prepare the establishment of the Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association (CCPA). Zhang Jiashu was one of the representatives from Shanghai at the February 1957 conference. The CCPA was established on 2 August 1957, headed by John Li Weiguang. Zhang was also elected as a member of the standing committee of CCPA. According to Paul P. Mariani, around 1957, the Shanghai Religious Affairs Bureau [zh] was planning to elect Zhang Jiashu and Zhang Shiliang as Shanghai CCPA leaders.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "From 30 March to 10 April 1960, Zhang observed the 2nd National People's Congress in Beijing along with other clergy members and laymen. They again denounced Kung Pin-mei and accepted the leadership of the CCP.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "Around this time, Zhang served first as the dean of Saint Peter's Church, Shanghai, and then as the acting rector of Xujiahui Seminary [zh]. In April 1960, the Shanghai CPA elected Zhang as the bishop of the Diocese of Shanghai. On the 26th of the month, Zhang was consecrated bishop under the self-election, self-consecration principle by Archbishop Ignatius Pi Shushi and Bishop Francis Xavier Zhao Zhensheng [zh], along with Matthias Wu Guohuan [zh], Shu Qishei, and Fang Zhigang. The ceremony happened at St. Ignatius Church, Xujiahui, which became the cathedral of the Diocese of Shanghai since then. According to Mariani, Rome denounced Zhang's consecration. Zhang was also elected as the vice chair of the Shanghai CPA, subordinate to the chairman Hu Wenayao [zh]. In summer 1960, Zhang told an Italian journalist that he and Rome were not in touch with each other. According to Aloysius Jin Luxian, during this period of Zhang's episcopate, he could only write dossiers to explain his own background or expose other people.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "After the Cultural Revolution began in 1966, Zhang was sent down to work at a factory, where he fixed umbrellas and washed glass bottles. The Red Guards, led by Kuai Dafu [zh], also attacked and damaged St. Ignatius Cathedral, Xujiahui. They put the priests and nuns through struggle sessions, and forced them to desecrate statues of saints and crosses. In particular, they demanded Zhang to step on a cross and yell \"Down with God.\" There are different accounts on Zhang's response to the humiliation: according to Zhang Duomo, Zhang Jiashu knelt in front of the icons instead.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "Zhang was rehabilitated in 1978. He donated his compensation to restore the St. Ignatius Cathedral, to prepare for a seminary in Sheshan, and donated the rest to the China Disabled Persons' Federation. He became a delegate to the 5th National People's Congress and a member of the Standing Committee of the 5th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). In May 1978, he met with Angelo S. Lazzarotto in Shanghai, during which he mentioned that he had not ordained any new priests in Shanghai, and did not know how many other bishops are there in China at the time. Lazzarotto mentioned in Latin that the Pope thought of Zhang and prayed for him, and Zhang expressed his gratitude.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "In December 1979, Zhang assisted in the consecration of Michael Fu Tieshan by Michael Yang Gaojian [zh]., despite that the Holy See did not approve the election and consecration of Fu. At the CCPA conference in May 1980, Zhang was also elected to be the inaugural president of the Bishops' Conference of Catholic Church in China [zh] and the inaugural chair of the Chinese Catholic Church Affairs Committee (Chinese: 中国天主教教务委员会). During the conference, Zhang voiced critical opinions of the Vatican.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "Meanwhile, the Chinese priest Zhu Hongsheng [zh] was arrested in November 1981. Governmental sources accused Zhu of organizing a riot at Sheshan Basilica in March 1980, while Amnesty International noted that Zhu and other priests refused to cooperate with the CCPA. Zhang opposed Zhu and other non-governmental priests, and said in December 1981 that they engaged in \"illegal activities under the cloak of Catholicism.\"",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "After the 1981 conference of the CCPA in Beijing, Zhang discussed the founding of Sheshan Seminary [zh] with Lu Weidu [zh] and Gu Meiqing (Chinese: 顾梅青). They decided to first utilise the buildings surrounding Sheshan Basilica as the seminary's campus, and sought for Aloysius Jin Luxian's release, so he could lead the seminary. Jin was released in June 1982. On 23 June, a plenary conference including clergy members from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and Shanghai resolved to establish Sheshan Seminary, with Zhang as the president of the board and Jin as the rector. The seminary began its operation on 11 October 1982. In 1983, dioceses from Shandong, Jiangxi and Fujian also joined the sponsorship of the seminary.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "Zhang remained as a member of the Standing Committee of the 6th CPPCC. During the 1983 CPPCC, he and other Catholic delegates pressed the government of Beijing to return Church of the Saviour to the Catholic Church. In the same year, Zhang received Michael Ramsey, archbishop of Canterbury, at his episcopal residence in Shanghai. In 1984, Zhang appointed Stephen Li Side and Aloysius Jin Luxian auxiliary bishops. Li and Jin were both consecrated on 27 January 1985. In March 1985, while attending the CPPCC in Beijing, Zhang met with Bishop John Baptist Wu of Hong Kong. Later in 1985, after his 30-year imprisonment, Ignatius Kung Pin-mei went to Shanghai to visit Zhang. In August 1986, Zhang met with Bishop Desmond Tutu at St. Ignatius Cathedral.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 19,
"text": "Zhang died on 25 February 1988, and a Mass was said for him two days later at St. Ignatius Cathedral. The Shanghai Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference [zh] held a memorial service for Zhang on 2 March that year. Deng Yingchao, Li Peng, Jiang Zemin and Xi Zhongxun sent mourning wreaths. His positions in the Bishops' Conference and in the church Affairs Committee was succeeded by Joseph Zong Huaide. In 1993, the Diocese of Shanghai held a memorial service for Zhang and published the book Memorial Collection of Bishop Zhang Jiashu.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | Louis Zhang Jiashu, was a Chinese Jesuit priest. A founding member of the Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association (CCPA) in 1957, Zhang was elected and consecrated as the Bishop of Shanghai in 1960 without Vatican approval. He then suffered persecution during the Cultural Revolution, but resumed his position after the movement and became a political figure in his final years. Born and raised in Shanghai, Zhang completed his Jesuit formation in Europe and returned to China in 1925. After the 1955 arrest of Bishop Ignatius Kung Pin-mei, Zhang supported the Chinese Communist Party and the self-election, self-consecration practice, in which diocesan priests elect their own bishops, and eventually became bishop in the same manner. After the Cultural Revolution, he became a delegate to the 5th National People's Congress, and a member of the Standing Committee of the 5th and 6th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. In 1980 he was elected the inaugural leader of both the Bishops' Conference of Catholic Church in China and the Chinese Catholic Church Affairs Committee. In his final years, Zhang founded the Sheshan Seminary in 1982 and served as its first president of the board. He also met with world religious figures including Michael Ramsey, John Baptist Wu, and Desmond Tutu. | 2023-12-15T07:13:53Z | 2023-12-21T03:24:44Z | [
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75,569,399 | Super Singer 10 | Super Singer Season 10 is a 2023-2024 Indian Tamil-language reality television singing competition show. The tenth season of Super Singer airs every Saturday and Sunday at 6:30 PM on Star Vijay from 16 December 2023, and streams on Disney+ Hotstar. It is longest-running singing reality show in Tamil Nadu.
Ma Ka Pa Anand and Priyanka Deshpande return as hosts for this season. At the same time as hosting Super Singer Season 10, they also host the show quiz reality show Oo Solriya Oo Oohm Solriya. The judging panel for this season includes four judges: one music composer, Sean Roldan, and three playback singers, Anuradha Sriram, Mano, and Sujatha Mohan. Anuradha Sriram has been judging this successful reality singing show from Super Singer Season 1 onwards. Mano and Sujatha Mohan have now joined Super Singer judging panel after both making their permanent judging debut during Super Singer Season 4 . Sean Roldan, a Tamil music composer from Tamil Nadu , is the fourth new judge to join the Super Singer judging panel.
The mega auditions had commenced with the 25 contestants, with 11 male contestants and 14 female contestants . These contestants had been shortlisted and categorised as eligible by the four main judges to participate in this competitive singing contest. After the audition round, there several rounds of performances take place with eliminations as a process to select the title winner of the season. The major auditions took place on 26 September 2023, in major cities in Tamil Nadu. Disney+ Hotstar (the streaming partner for the show) outlined several terms and conditions prior to the auditions. The golden shower performances are being offered to contestants who had performed exceptionally and have impressed the four main judges. The golden shower performance concept was introduced from Super Singer Junior (season 9). This includes all the contestants who have scored golden performances should have given their hundred percent effort in their singing, with correct techniques, sufficient improvisations, good voice quality, clear pronunciations, good breath control and many more factors taken in consideration. Mani and band, who was inaugurated into the show by Srinivas (singer) in 2006, regularly accompany the contestants in a weekly basis, where Karthick Devaraj, a well-known keyboardist, is also part of the Mani and Band.
Male judge
Female judge
Description about judge
Contestants of Super Singer Season 10 who had been selected by the four main judges, Sean Roldan, Anuradha Sriram, Mano and Sujatha Mohan (during the mega audition rounds) and have been given the opportunity to progress into the competition are listed below, revealed by their names, gender, hometown and hometown state.
Male contestant
Female contestant
After every round has taken place, the judging panel would select the best performers (BP) of the week and the best entertainers (BE) of the week.
Aired episodes
To be aired episodes
All performances include the contestants performing the songs to progress into the next round. Details of songs, including the name of the song, name of film/album, singer, composer and whether the contestant(s) have been awarded a golden shower or not are detailed below thought every round.
Indicates the contestant has not achieved a golden performance for the round because of their insufficient performance level marked by the judges.
Indicates the contestant has been eliminated due to inadequate performance marked by the judges.
Indicates the contestant has been given a golden performance shower for their sufficient performance marked by the judging panel.
Indicates the contestant has not achieved a golden performance for the round because of their insufficient performance level marked by the judges.
Indicates the contestant has been eliminated due to inadequate performance marked by the judges.
Indicates the contestant has been given a golden performance shower for their sufficient performance marked by the judging panel, and will progress to the next round.
Indicates the contestant has been allowed to progress to the next round by the judging panel.
The first promo, featuring playback singer Roshini and her song 'Tum Tum' from the movie 'Enemy,' was released on 22 March 2023. She participated as a contestant during Super Singer Season 7 . The second promo, released on 1 December 2023, featured singer D . Sathyaprakash and his song 'Aalaporaan Thamizhan' from the movie 'Mersal.' D. Sathyaprakash was a contestant during Super Singer Season 3.
The third promo, released on 3 December 2023, featured singers Senthil Ganesh and Rajalakshmi, and their song 'Chinna Machan' from the movie 'Charlie Chaplin 2.' They were both contestants during Super Singer Season 6 . The fourth promo, featuring singer Anu Anand and her song Onakkaga Poranthaenae from the movie 'Pannaiyarum Padminiyum,' was released on 6 December 2023. She participated as a contestant during Super Singer Season 8.
The first launching promo was unveiled on 10 December 2023, revealing the release date. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Super Singer Season 10 is a 2023-2024 Indian Tamil-language reality television singing competition show. The tenth season of Super Singer airs every Saturday and Sunday at 6:30 PM on Star Vijay from 16 December 2023, and streams on Disney+ Hotstar. It is longest-running singing reality show in Tamil Nadu.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Ma Ka Pa Anand and Priyanka Deshpande return as hosts for this season. At the same time as hosting Super Singer Season 10, they also host the show quiz reality show Oo Solriya Oo Oohm Solriya. The judging panel for this season includes four judges: one music composer, Sean Roldan, and three playback singers, Anuradha Sriram, Mano, and Sujatha Mohan. Anuradha Sriram has been judging this successful reality singing show from Super Singer Season 1 onwards. Mano and Sujatha Mohan have now joined Super Singer judging panel after both making their permanent judging debut during Super Singer Season 4 . Sean Roldan, a Tamil music composer from Tamil Nadu , is the fourth new judge to join the Super Singer judging panel.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The mega auditions had commenced with the 25 contestants, with 11 male contestants and 14 female contestants . These contestants had been shortlisted and categorised as eligible by the four main judges to participate in this competitive singing contest. After the audition round, there several rounds of performances take place with eliminations as a process to select the title winner of the season. The major auditions took place on 26 September 2023, in major cities in Tamil Nadu. Disney+ Hotstar (the streaming partner for the show) outlined several terms and conditions prior to the auditions. The golden shower performances are being offered to contestants who had performed exceptionally and have impressed the four main judges. The golden shower performance concept was introduced from Super Singer Junior (season 9). This includes all the contestants who have scored golden performances should have given their hundred percent effort in their singing, with correct techniques, sufficient improvisations, good voice quality, clear pronunciations, good breath control and many more factors taken in consideration. Mani and band, who was inaugurated into the show by Srinivas (singer) in 2006, regularly accompany the contestants in a weekly basis, where Karthick Devaraj, a well-known keyboardist, is also part of the Mani and Band.",
"title": "Format"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Male judge",
"title": "Judges"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Female judge",
"title": "Judges"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Description about judge",
"title": "Judges"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Contestants of Super Singer Season 10 who had been selected by the four main judges, Sean Roldan, Anuradha Sriram, Mano and Sujatha Mohan (during the mega audition rounds) and have been given the opportunity to progress into the competition are listed below, revealed by their names, gender, hometown and hometown state.",
"title": "Contestants"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Male contestant",
"title": "Contestants"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Female contestant",
"title": "Contestants"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "After every round has taken place, the judging panel would select the best performers (BP) of the week and the best entertainers (BE) of the week.",
"title": "Episodes"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Aired episodes",
"title": "Episodes"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "To be aired episodes",
"title": "Episodes"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "All performances include the contestants performing the songs to progress into the next round. Details of songs, including the name of the song, name of film/album, singer, composer and whether the contestant(s) have been awarded a golden shower or not are detailed below thought every round.",
"title": "Performances"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "",
"title": "Performances"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "Indicates the contestant has not achieved a golden performance for the round because of their insufficient performance level marked by the judges.",
"title": "Performances"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "Indicates the contestant has been eliminated due to inadequate performance marked by the judges.",
"title": "Performances"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "Indicates the contestant has been given a golden performance shower for their sufficient performance marked by the judging panel.",
"title": "Performances"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "Indicates the contestant has not achieved a golden performance for the round because of their insufficient performance level marked by the judges.",
"title": "Performances"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "Indicates the contestant has been eliminated due to inadequate performance marked by the judges.",
"title": "Performances"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 19,
"text": "Indicates the contestant has been given a golden performance shower for their sufficient performance marked by the judging panel, and will progress to the next round.",
"title": "Performances"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 20,
"text": "Indicates the contestant has been allowed to progress to the next round by the judging panel.",
"title": "Performances"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 21,
"text": "The first promo, featuring playback singer Roshini and her song 'Tum Tum' from the movie 'Enemy,' was released on 22 March 2023. She participated as a contestant during Super Singer Season 7 . The second promo, released on 1 December 2023, featured singer D . Sathyaprakash and his song 'Aalaporaan Thamizhan' from the movie 'Mersal.' D. Sathyaprakash was a contestant during Super Singer Season 3.",
"title": "Production"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 22,
"text": "The third promo, released on 3 December 2023, featured singers Senthil Ganesh and Rajalakshmi, and their song 'Chinna Machan' from the movie 'Charlie Chaplin 2.' They were both contestants during Super Singer Season 6 . The fourth promo, featuring singer Anu Anand and her song Onakkaga Poranthaenae from the movie 'Pannaiyarum Padminiyum,' was released on 6 December 2023. She participated as a contestant during Super Singer Season 8.",
"title": "Production"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 23,
"text": "The first launching promo was unveiled on 10 December 2023, revealing the release date.",
"title": "Production"
}
] | Super Singer Season 10 is a 2023-2024 Indian Tamil-language reality television singing competition show. The tenth season of Super Singer airs every Saturday and Sunday at 6:30 PM on Star Vijay from 16 December 2023, and streams on Disney+ Hotstar. It is longest-running singing reality show in Tamil Nadu. Ma Ka Pa Anand and Priyanka Deshpande return as hosts for this season. At the same time as hosting Super Singer Season 10, they also host the show quiz reality show Oo Solriya Oo Oohm Solriya. The judging panel for this season includes four judges: one music composer, Sean Roldan, and three playback singers, Anuradha Sriram, Mano, and Sujatha Mohan. Anuradha Sriram has been judging this successful reality singing show from Super Singer Season 1 onwards. Mano and Sujatha Mohan have now joined Super Singer judging panel after both making their permanent judging debut during Super Singer Season 4. Sean Roldan, a Tamil music composer from Tamil Nadu, is the fourth new judge to join the Super Singer judging panel. | 2023-12-15T07:18:10Z | 2023-12-31T13:09:47Z | [
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75,569,424 | Thomas K. Bull | Thomas K. Bull (died March 28, 1893) was an American politician from Pennsylvania. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Chester County from 1847 to 1849.
Thomas K. Bull was born to Levi Bull. His father was a lawyer and Episcopal clergyman. His grandfather Thomas Bull served in the Continental Army and served in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. He graduated from Dickinson College.
Bull was a Whig. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Chester County from 1847 to 1849. He later joined the Republican Party.
Bull was an officer in the Pennsylvania State Militia.
Bull married Julia H. Henderson, daughter of Thomas Henderson, of Chester County on September 27, 1859. His brothers James and William were lawyers. He lived on the Bull family property on French Creek in Chester County.
Bull died on March 28, 1893, aged 82 or 83, at his home in Warwick Township. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Thomas K. Bull (died March 28, 1893) was an American politician from Pennsylvania. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Chester County from 1847 to 1849.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Thomas K. Bull was born to Levi Bull. His father was a lawyer and Episcopal clergyman. His grandfather Thomas Bull served in the Continental Army and served in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. He graduated from Dickinson College.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Bull was a Whig. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Chester County from 1847 to 1849. He later joined the Republican Party.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Bull was an officer in the Pennsylvania State Militia.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Bull married Julia H. Henderson, daughter of Thomas Henderson, of Chester County on September 27, 1859. His brothers James and William were lawyers. He lived on the Bull family property on French Creek in Chester County.",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Bull died on March 28, 1893, aged 82 or 83, at his home in Warwick Township.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | Thomas K. Bull was an American politician from Pennsylvania. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Chester County from 1847 to 1849. | 2023-12-15T07:25:43Z | 2023-12-21T06:45:36Z | [
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75,569,432 | DIY medicine | DIY medicine is a phenomenon where people self-diagnose and/or self-treat medical conditions without the guidance of a medical professional.
Sometimes DIY medicine occurs because patients disagree with a doctor's interpretation of their condition, to access experimental therapies that are not available to the public, or because of legal bans on healthcare, as in the case of some transgender people or women seeking self-induced abortion. Other reasons for relying on DIY medical care is to avoid health care prices in the United States and anarchist beliefs.
One area of DIY medicine is the creation of medical devices, such as PPE for protection against COVID-19 and epinephrine injectors. Some people with insulin-dependent diabetes have created their own automated insulin delivery systems. One review found that "the quality of glucose control achieved with DIY AID systems is impressively good".
Another area is self-administered pharmaceutical drugs that are obtained without a prescription, as in the case of DIY transgender hormone therapy which is common among trans people. Prescription-only lifestyle drugs such as those to treat erectile dysfunction, male pattern baldness, and obesity are often purchased online by people who have no diagnosis or prescription. In 2017, the United Kingdom legalized the sale of sildenafil (Viagra) over the counter in part to cut down on the number of men buying it online from unlicensed pharmacies.
People trying to buy pharmaceutical drugs online without a prescription may be the victim of fraud, phishing, or receive counterfeit medication. Selling prescription drugs to people without a valid prescription is illegal in many jurisdictions and can be considered an example of transnational organized crime. In a 2021 article, Jack E. Fincham argues that unlicensed sales of prescription drugs online are a significant public health threat. It is also possible to obtain controlled substances such as amphetamine, benzodiazepines, and Z-drugs online without a prescription.
Self-managed abortion with medication is safe and effective, but is illegal in some jurisdictions. Before the current medication had been developed and in places where abortion is illegal, people may resort to unsafe methods of self-managed abortion.
With DIY brain stimulation, individuals with depression create their own devices to access an experimental treatment. Other people self-administer fecal transplant as a treatment for various diseases. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "DIY medicine is a phenomenon where people self-diagnose and/or self-treat medical conditions without the guidance of a medical professional.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Sometimes DIY medicine occurs because patients disagree with a doctor's interpretation of their condition, to access experimental therapies that are not available to the public, or because of legal bans on healthcare, as in the case of some transgender people or women seeking self-induced abortion. Other reasons for relying on DIY medical care is to avoid health care prices in the United States and anarchist beliefs.",
"title": "Motivations"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "One area of DIY medicine is the creation of medical devices, such as PPE for protection against COVID-19 and epinephrine injectors. Some people with insulin-dependent diabetes have created their own automated insulin delivery systems. One review found that \"the quality of glucose control achieved with DIY AID systems is impressively good\".",
"title": "Medical devices"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Another area is self-administered pharmaceutical drugs that are obtained without a prescription, as in the case of DIY transgender hormone therapy which is common among trans people. Prescription-only lifestyle drugs such as those to treat erectile dysfunction, male pattern baldness, and obesity are often purchased online by people who have no diagnosis or prescription. In 2017, the United Kingdom legalized the sale of sildenafil (Viagra) over the counter in part to cut down on the number of men buying it online from unlicensed pharmacies.",
"title": "Pharmaceuticals"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "People trying to buy pharmaceutical drugs online without a prescription may be the victim of fraud, phishing, or receive counterfeit medication. Selling prescription drugs to people without a valid prescription is illegal in many jurisdictions and can be considered an example of transnational organized crime. In a 2021 article, Jack E. Fincham argues that unlicensed sales of prescription drugs online are a significant public health threat. It is also possible to obtain controlled substances such as amphetamine, benzodiazepines, and Z-drugs online without a prescription.",
"title": "Pharmaceuticals"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Self-managed abortion with medication is safe and effective, but is illegal in some jurisdictions. Before the current medication had been developed and in places where abortion is illegal, people may resort to unsafe methods of self-managed abortion.",
"title": "Self-managed abortion"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "With DIY brain stimulation, individuals with depression create their own devices to access an experimental treatment. Other people self-administer fecal transplant as a treatment for various diseases.",
"title": "Other"
}
] | DIY medicine is a phenomenon where people self-diagnose and/or self-treat medical conditions without the guidance of a medical professional. | 2023-12-15T07:27:44Z | 2023-12-19T22:57:59Z | [
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"Template:Reflist",
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"Template:Cite book",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DIY_medicine |
75,569,464 | Taungbyon | Taungbyon is a village in Madaya Township of Mandalay Region, Myanmar. It is known as the site of the Taungbyone Festival, which is the largest and best-known nat festival in Myanmar. During most of the year, it is a small village, but during the festival a large temporary infrastructure pops up to accommodate the large crowds in attendance. Taungbyon was historically important under the Bagan kingdom, when it was part of a series of forts along the Irrawaddy river and may have been a royal domain.
The older form of the name is Tonplon (တောင်ပြုံး), which means "eroded mound".
Taungbyon is located about 10 km north of Mandalay, on the east bank of the Shweta chaung (stream).
A dozen Bagan-era forts exist within 5 km of Taungbyon, including one at Taungbyon itself. These forts are all located east of the Irrawaddy river; another series of forts and canals exists on the west side. Based on the dense concentration of forts, along with numerous inscriptions recording donations by members of the royal family in the area (two of these inscriptions refer to a "king's dike"), historians have proposed that Taungbyon was a royal domain at the time. According to Elizabeth Moore, the geographical location of these features likely indicates that this whole system of forts was meant to monitor the river.
As of 1897, Taungbyon had about 350 houses and a population of about 1,500 people, who mostly worked in agriculture.
Taungbyon is known for its nat (spirit) festival honouring the legendary brothers Min Gyi and Min Lay, who are said to have been sons of Mae Wunna (the tutelary goddess of Mount Popa) who served at Anawrahta's court. The Taungbyon festival is the largest and most important nat festival in Myanmar, and the accompanying commercial activity is an important part of the village's economy. It became particularly important after the royal capital was moved to Mandalay in 1857 (because of its proximity to the new capital).
There are technically three annual festivals in Taungbyon honouring the Taungbyon brothers: one is in December, one in March, and one in August. The one in August is the most significant and is the one usually referred to.
Taungbyon is a relatively sleepy village apart from the festival times, but it transforms during the main festival to accommodate the large crowds, with all available space used to house temporary festival infrastructure. Temporary bamboo housing is set up, stalls for vendors are auctioned one month before the festival (with the proceeds going to the pagodas' maintenance), and showers are set up. East of the pagodas is the "nat palace", which consists of two pavilions: one is where the statues of the nats are kept all year, and the second is where ritual showering of them takes place. The nat palace belongs to a hereditary family of "palace guardians" (nan-dein), who organise the festival, rent out spaces to mediums, and collect offerings from both villagers and mediums. The palace guardian families are the main beneficiaries of the festival's income, and they closely guard their role in the festival's organisation, although this is counterbalanced by the presence of "secondary" nat palaces as well as the status of the mediums. Nine of the secondary palaces, located along the road leading to the canal and river, are considered traditional because they are dedicated to secondary characters in the Taungbyon brothers' legend. The others mainly proliferated beginning in the mid-1980s and are considered "additional" instead of traditional because they are dedicated to other nats not related to the Taungbyon brothers' legend.
There are also two main pagodas in the village, the Hsutaungbyay pagoda and the later-built Hsutaungya pagoda. Both face east. The Sudaungbyi pagoda is attributed to Anawrahta and draws large numbers of visitors from throughout the surrounding region. Since 1991, the two pagodas are managed by a pagoda association which is associated with nearby Madaya as well as with central government authorities. There are also 7 Buddhist monasteries in the village, which are also part of the pagoda association. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Taungbyon is a village in Madaya Township of Mandalay Region, Myanmar. It is known as the site of the Taungbyone Festival, which is the largest and best-known nat festival in Myanmar. During most of the year, it is a small village, but during the festival a large temporary infrastructure pops up to accommodate the large crowds in attendance. Taungbyon was historically important under the Bagan kingdom, when it was part of a series of forts along the Irrawaddy river and may have been a royal domain.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The older form of the name is Tonplon (တောင်ပြုံး), which means \"eroded mound\".",
"title": "Name"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Taungbyon is located about 10 km north of Mandalay, on the east bank of the Shweta chaung (stream).",
"title": "Geography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "A dozen Bagan-era forts exist within 5 km of Taungbyon, including one at Taungbyon itself. These forts are all located east of the Irrawaddy river; another series of forts and canals exists on the west side. Based on the dense concentration of forts, along with numerous inscriptions recording donations by members of the royal family in the area (two of these inscriptions refer to a \"king's dike\"), historians have proposed that Taungbyon was a royal domain at the time. According to Elizabeth Moore, the geographical location of these features likely indicates that this whole system of forts was meant to monitor the river.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "As of 1897, Taungbyon had about 350 houses and a population of about 1,500 people, who mostly worked in agriculture.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Taungbyon is known for its nat (spirit) festival honouring the legendary brothers Min Gyi and Min Lay, who are said to have been sons of Mae Wunna (the tutelary goddess of Mount Popa) who served at Anawrahta's court. The Taungbyon festival is the largest and most important nat festival in Myanmar, and the accompanying commercial activity is an important part of the village's economy. It became particularly important after the royal capital was moved to Mandalay in 1857 (because of its proximity to the new capital).",
"title": "Culture"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "There are technically three annual festivals in Taungbyon honouring the Taungbyon brothers: one is in December, one in March, and one in August. The one in August is the most significant and is the one usually referred to.",
"title": "Culture"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Taungbyon is a relatively sleepy village apart from the festival times, but it transforms during the main festival to accommodate the large crowds, with all available space used to house temporary festival infrastructure. Temporary bamboo housing is set up, stalls for vendors are auctioned one month before the festival (with the proceeds going to the pagodas' maintenance), and showers are set up. East of the pagodas is the \"nat palace\", which consists of two pavilions: one is where the statues of the nats are kept all year, and the second is where ritual showering of them takes place. The nat palace belongs to a hereditary family of \"palace guardians\" (nan-dein), who organise the festival, rent out spaces to mediums, and collect offerings from both villagers and mediums. The palace guardian families are the main beneficiaries of the festival's income, and they closely guard their role in the festival's organisation, although this is counterbalanced by the presence of \"secondary\" nat palaces as well as the status of the mediums. Nine of the secondary palaces, located along the road leading to the canal and river, are considered traditional because they are dedicated to secondary characters in the Taungbyon brothers' legend. The others mainly proliferated beginning in the mid-1980s and are considered \"additional\" instead of traditional because they are dedicated to other nats not related to the Taungbyon brothers' legend.",
"title": "Culture"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "There are also two main pagodas in the village, the Hsutaungbyay pagoda and the later-built Hsutaungya pagoda. Both face east. The Sudaungbyi pagoda is attributed to Anawrahta and draws large numbers of visitors from throughout the surrounding region. Since 1991, the two pagodas are managed by a pagoda association which is associated with nearby Madaya as well as with central government authorities. There are also 7 Buddhist monasteries in the village, which are also part of the pagoda association.",
"title": "Culture"
}
] | Taungbyon is a village in Madaya Township of Mandalay Region, Myanmar. It is known as the site of the Taungbyone Festival, which is the largest and best-known nat festival in Myanmar. During most of the year, it is a small village, but during the festival a large temporary infrastructure pops up to accommodate the large crowds in attendance. Taungbyon was historically important under the Bagan kingdom, when it was part of a series of forts along the Irrawaddy river and may have been a royal domain. | 2023-12-15T07:34:30Z | 2023-12-15T11:24:38Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taungbyon |
75,569,498 | Comas (surname) | Comas is one of the Catalan surnames. It is the plural form of the Catalan word como which is derived from the Gaulish word cumba meaning valley. McComas is the Irish version of the surname.
Notable people with the surname are as follows: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Comas is one of the Catalan surnames. It is the plural form of the Catalan word como which is derived from the Gaulish word cumba meaning valley. McComas is the Irish version of the surname.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Notable people with the surname are as follows:",
"title": ""
}
] | Comas is one of the Catalan surnames. It is the plural form of the Catalan word como which is derived from the Gaulish word cumba meaning valley. McComas is the Irish version of the surname. Notable people with the surname are as follows: Alex Comas, Colombian football player
Antoni Comas i Pujol (1931–1981), Spanish Catan literary historian and academic
Arnau Comas, Spanish football player
Arseni Comas, Spanish Catalan football player
Érik Comas, French Formula One driver
Jaime Comas (1936–2021), Spanish screenwriter and film producer
Jaume Comas, Spanish basketball player
Joan Comas Pausas (1913–2009), Spanish painter and architect
Jorge Comas, multiple people
Josep Comas i Solà (1868–1937), Spanish Catalan astronomer
Juan Comas (1900–1979), Spanish Mexican anthropologist
Lautaro Comas, Argentine football player
Lillian Comas-Díaz, American psychologist
Marina Comas, Spanish Catalan actress
Ramón Balcells Comas, Spanish Catalan sailor
Román Comas, Argentine football player
Xavier Comas Guixé, Andorran ski mountaineer | 2023-12-15T07:45:41Z | 2023-12-26T14:07:23Z | [
"Template:Wiktionary",
"Template:Surname",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite journal",
"Template:Cite book"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comas_(surname) |
75,569,500 | Oncidium strictum | Oncidium strictum is a species of flowering plant in the family Orchidaceae, native to Ecuador and Peru. It was first described in 1897. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Oncidium strictum is a species of flowering plant in the family Orchidaceae, native to Ecuador and Peru. It was first described in 1897.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Oncidium strictum is a species of flowering plant in the family Orchidaceae, native to Ecuador and Peru. It was first described in 1897. | 2023-12-15T07:45:47Z | 2023-12-21T11:46:17Z | [
"Template:Use dmy dates",
"Template:Speciesbox",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Taxonbar",
"Template:Cymbidieae-stub"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncidium_strictum |
75,569,503 | Julie Dufour (footballer) | Julie Dufour (born 29 May 2001) is a French professional footballer who plays as a forward for Division 1 Féminine club Paris FC and the France national team.
Dufour started her senior career with Lille and helped the team to reach the final of 2018–19 Coupe de France, which they eventually lost to Lyon. In April 2020, she moved to Bordeaux on a three-year deal.
On 9 June 2023, Paris FC announced the signing of Dufour on a two-year deal until June 2025. During the UEFA Women's Champions League qualifying rounds in October 2023, she scored goals against VfL Wolfsburg in both home and away matches to help her club reach the group stages of the competition for the first time.
Dufour is a former France youth international. She was part of the France under-19 squad which won the 2019 UEFA Under-19 Championship.
In February 2021, Dufour received her first call-up to the France national team, when she was named in the 27-player squad for the 2021 Tournoi de France. The tournament later got cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic in Europe and it was decided that France would play two friendly matches against Switzerland instead. However, Dufour couldn't feature in either matches as she was pulled out of the squad due to injury.
On 27 October 2023, Dufour made her senior debut for France in a 2–1 UEFA Women's Nations League win against Norway.
France U19
Individual | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Julie Dufour (born 29 May 2001) is a French professional footballer who plays as a forward for Division 1 Féminine club Paris FC and the France national team.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Dufour started her senior career with Lille and helped the team to reach the final of 2018–19 Coupe de France, which they eventually lost to Lyon. In April 2020, she moved to Bordeaux on a three-year deal.",
"title": "Club career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "On 9 June 2023, Paris FC announced the signing of Dufour on a two-year deal until June 2025. During the UEFA Women's Champions League qualifying rounds in October 2023, she scored goals against VfL Wolfsburg in both home and away matches to help her club reach the group stages of the competition for the first time.",
"title": "Club career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Dufour is a former France youth international. She was part of the France under-19 squad which won the 2019 UEFA Under-19 Championship.",
"title": "International career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In February 2021, Dufour received her first call-up to the France national team, when she was named in the 27-player squad for the 2021 Tournoi de France. The tournament later got cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic in Europe and it was decided that France would play two friendly matches against Switzerland instead. However, Dufour couldn't feature in either matches as she was pulled out of the squad due to injury.",
"title": "International career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "On 27 October 2023, Dufour made her senior debut for France in a 2–1 UEFA Women's Nations League win against Norway.",
"title": "International career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "France U19",
"title": "Honours"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Individual",
"title": "Honours"
}
] | Julie Dufour is a French professional footballer who plays as a forward for Division 1 Féminine club Paris FC and the France national team. | 2023-12-15T07:46:53Z | 2023-12-21T10:43:25Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julie_Dufour_(footballer) |
75,569,518 | Belle Fleur | Belle Fleur is a historic house in Vicksburg, Mississippi, U.S.. It is a late Victorian one-story, five-bay galleried cottage built between c. 1872 – c. 1875 (by an unknown architect). It is a National Register of Historic Places listed place since 1992, and is considered a well intact and preserved example of an Italianate-influenced hip-roofed galleried cottage in Mississippi. It is also part of the Uptown Vicksburg Historic District. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Belle Fleur is a historic house in Vicksburg, Mississippi, U.S.. It is a late Victorian one-story, five-bay galleried cottage built between c. 1872 – c. 1875 (by an unknown architect). It is a National Register of Historic Places listed place since 1992, and is considered a well intact and preserved example of an Italianate-influenced hip-roofed galleried cottage in Mississippi. It is also part of the Uptown Vicksburg Historic District.",
"title": ""
}
] | Belle Fleur is a historic house in Vicksburg, Mississippi, U.S.. It is a late Victorian one-story, five-bay galleried cottage built between c. 1872 – c. 1875. It is a National Register of Historic Places listed place since 1992, and is considered a well intact and preserved example of an Italianate-influenced hip-roofed galleried cottage in Mississippi. It is also part of the Uptown Vicksburg Historic District. | 2023-12-15T07:50:22Z | 2023-12-15T08:28:22Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belle_Fleur |
75,569,545 | Pelecyphora abdita | Pelecyphora abdita is a species of flowering plant in the family Cactaceae, native to the Mexico.
Pelecyphora abdita grows up to 25 millimeters and 20 millimeters in diameter and forms clumps with a slightly branched beet shaped tap root. There are 11 to 15 spines that are white, 3.5–5 millimeters long. The flower is 35-45 mm long, whitish-pinkish with pink stripes on tepals, 30–35 mm in diameter. The red fruits are obovoid 5–7 mm long and grey green to brown green.
Accepted subspecies:
The plant is found south of El Oro in Coahuila, Mexico at elevations of 1100 meters.
The species was discovered in 2011 and described under the name Escobaria abdita. It was named after the word “abdita, abditus” meaning hidden, secret in reference to the hidden life of this species.
Media related to Pelecyphora abdita at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Pelecyphora abdita at Wikispecies | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Pelecyphora abdita is a species of flowering plant in the family Cactaceae, native to the Mexico.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Pelecyphora abdita grows up to 25 millimeters and 20 millimeters in diameter and forms clumps with a slightly branched beet shaped tap root. There are 11 to 15 spines that are white, 3.5–5 millimeters long. The flower is 35-45 mm long, whitish-pinkish with pink stripes on tepals, 30–35 mm in diameter. The red fruits are obovoid 5–7 mm long and grey green to brown green.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Accepted subspecies:",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The plant is found south of El Oro in Coahuila, Mexico at elevations of 1100 meters.",
"title": "Distribution"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The species was discovered in 2011 and described under the name Escobaria abdita. It was named after the word “abdita, abditus” meaning hidden, secret in reference to the hidden life of this species.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Media related to Pelecyphora abdita at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Pelecyphora abdita at Wikispecies",
"title": "External links"
}
] | Pelecyphora abdita is a species of flowering plant in the family Cactaceae, native to the Mexico. | 2023-12-15T07:55:39Z | 2023-12-21T11:43:45Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelecyphora_abdita |
75,569,546 | Ophelia (actress) | Ophelia Cabral e D'Souza (born Clara Merciana Ophelia Cabral; 8 November 1938 – 19 February 2016), known mononymously as Ophelia, was an Indian actress, singer, playwright and theatre director who primarily worked on the Konkani stage. One of the multifaceted performers of her time, she is referred to as the "Tragedy Queen of the Konkani stage" and was known for her roles in Konkani films such as Amchem Noxib, Nirmon, Boglantt, Bhuierantlo Munis, and Faxi Mogachi.
Cabral had a presence in the Konkani theater for a span of 44 years, beginning her career at the age of 16 under the guidance of A. F. Rod. She was known for her portrayal of tragic roles. Alongside tiatr performers like C. Alvares, M. Boyer, Prem Kumar, and her own spouse, Cabral also showcased her singing abilities, lending her voice to several audio cassettes.
Cabral had been actively involved in the production of various Konkani video films. She also played a role in the creation of the first Konkani video film, Faxi Mogachi, under the production of C. Alvares. Furthermore, she has contributed to the development of other video films such as Tuka Kitem Podlam and Natalancho Kusvar. She has also written and directed her own theatrical productions, including Mhoji Bhurgim and Bailanchi Sobai. Apart from her independent projects, she has also supported her husband, Bab Peter, in directing a total of 18 tiatrs.
Ophelia Cabral D'Souza was born as Clara Merciana Ophelia Cabral on 8 November 1938, in the village of Socorro, Goa, which was part of Portuguese India during the Portuguese Empire (now in India). She was the daughter of Gaulbert and Leena Cabral, and had three siblings: Eddie, Tony, and an elder sister Mohana, known professionally as Miss Mohana, who gained prominence as a Konkani actress and singer. Cabral spent a significant portion of her life and pursued her career in Bombay (now Mumbai).
Cabral made her acting debut in 1954 in the tiatr production titled Opurbayechi Sun, which was produced by A. F. Rod. Her portrayal of a daughter-in-law with negative traits garnered favorable reception from both the audience and her peers in the tiatr community. She further gained recognition as an actress for her performance in the tiatr production Avoicho Xirap (Mother's Curse), written and directed by C. Alvares. From then on, Cabral delivered performances in numerous tiatrs, that showcased her versatility and maturity in portraying various roles.
Throughout her career, Cabral had the opportunity to collaborate with tiatr industry figures, including Master Vaz, Dr. Simon Fernandes, C. Alvares, Souzalino, and M. Boyer. In addition to her acting accomplishments, Cabral ventured into writing and directing her own tiatrs, including productions such as Mhojim Bhurgim (My Children) and Bailanchi Sobai (Woman's Beauty). She also partnered with her husband to produce and direct eight tiatrs, which received acclaim from the general public.
Beyond acting, Cabral was known for her singing abilities. Her artistic contributions were not limited to the regions of Goa and Bombay (now Mumbai), as she also performed in international venues in Bahrain, Muscat, Dubai, and Beirut.
Cabral married Peter D'Souza, known professionally as Bab Peter, a noted Konkani actor and singer who was 13 years her junior, on 22 May 1976. The couple had one daughter, Tatum D'Souza (b. 1977), known professionally as Babli, and is a singer. She is married to Sameer Ganapathy and they have one daughter, Nia. According to the 2012 Directory of Tiatr Artistes, Cabral resided in Mahim, Mumbai. On 19 February 2005, Cabral's husband died after suffering a heart attack at the Bahrain Defence Force Hospital in Bahrain.
In 2009, Cabral was honored with the "Lifetime Contribution to Tiatr Award" by the Tiatr Academy of Goa. Recognizing her contributions to literature, she also received the "Goa State Cultural Award" for the years 2010–11. In January 2011, Cabral was bestowed with the "Antonio Pereira Konknni Puroskar" (APKP) by the Thomas Stephens Konknni Kendr (TSKK) for her extensive contributions to Konkani tiatr and films.
On 19 February 2016, Cabral died in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Her death occurred on the 11th death anniversary of her husband Bab Peter. The funeral service took place the following day at Victoria Church in Mahim, Mumbai. The Tiatr Academy of Goa (TAG), representing the tiatr community and enthusiasts, expressed their condolences to the mourning family of Cabral. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Ophelia Cabral e D'Souza (born Clara Merciana Ophelia Cabral; 8 November 1938 – 19 February 2016), known mononymously as Ophelia, was an Indian actress, singer, playwright and theatre director who primarily worked on the Konkani stage. One of the multifaceted performers of her time, she is referred to as the \"Tragedy Queen of the Konkani stage\" and was known for her roles in Konkani films such as Amchem Noxib, Nirmon, Boglantt, Bhuierantlo Munis, and Faxi Mogachi.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Cabral had a presence in the Konkani theater for a span of 44 years, beginning her career at the age of 16 under the guidance of A. F. Rod. She was known for her portrayal of tragic roles. Alongside tiatr performers like C. Alvares, M. Boyer, Prem Kumar, and her own spouse, Cabral also showcased her singing abilities, lending her voice to several audio cassettes.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Cabral had been actively involved in the production of various Konkani video films. She also played a role in the creation of the first Konkani video film, Faxi Mogachi, under the production of C. Alvares. Furthermore, she has contributed to the development of other video films such as Tuka Kitem Podlam and Natalancho Kusvar. She has also written and directed her own theatrical productions, including Mhoji Bhurgim and Bailanchi Sobai. Apart from her independent projects, she has also supported her husband, Bab Peter, in directing a total of 18 tiatrs.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Ophelia Cabral D'Souza was born as Clara Merciana Ophelia Cabral on 8 November 1938, in the village of Socorro, Goa, which was part of Portuguese India during the Portuguese Empire (now in India). She was the daughter of Gaulbert and Leena Cabral, and had three siblings: Eddie, Tony, and an elder sister Mohana, known professionally as Miss Mohana, who gained prominence as a Konkani actress and singer. Cabral spent a significant portion of her life and pursued her career in Bombay (now Mumbai).",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Cabral made her acting debut in 1954 in the tiatr production titled Opurbayechi Sun, which was produced by A. F. Rod. Her portrayal of a daughter-in-law with negative traits garnered favorable reception from both the audience and her peers in the tiatr community. She further gained recognition as an actress for her performance in the tiatr production Avoicho Xirap (Mother's Curse), written and directed by C. Alvares. From then on, Cabral delivered performances in numerous tiatrs, that showcased her versatility and maturity in portraying various roles.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Throughout her career, Cabral had the opportunity to collaborate with tiatr industry figures, including Master Vaz, Dr. Simon Fernandes, C. Alvares, Souzalino, and M. Boyer. In addition to her acting accomplishments, Cabral ventured into writing and directing her own tiatrs, including productions such as Mhojim Bhurgim (My Children) and Bailanchi Sobai (Woman's Beauty). She also partnered with her husband to produce and direct eight tiatrs, which received acclaim from the general public.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Beyond acting, Cabral was known for her singing abilities. Her artistic contributions were not limited to the regions of Goa and Bombay (now Mumbai), as she also performed in international venues in Bahrain, Muscat, Dubai, and Beirut.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Cabral married Peter D'Souza, known professionally as Bab Peter, a noted Konkani actor and singer who was 13 years her junior, on 22 May 1976. The couple had one daughter, Tatum D'Souza (b. 1977), known professionally as Babli, and is a singer. She is married to Sameer Ganapathy and they have one daughter, Nia. According to the 2012 Directory of Tiatr Artistes, Cabral resided in Mahim, Mumbai. On 19 February 2005, Cabral's husband died after suffering a heart attack at the Bahrain Defence Force Hospital in Bahrain.",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "In 2009, Cabral was honored with the \"Lifetime Contribution to Tiatr Award\" by the Tiatr Academy of Goa. Recognizing her contributions to literature, she also received the \"Goa State Cultural Award\" for the years 2010–11. In January 2011, Cabral was bestowed with the \"Antonio Pereira Konknni Puroskar\" (APKP) by the Thomas Stephens Konknni Kendr (TSKK) for her extensive contributions to Konkani tiatr and films.",
"title": "Awards"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "On 19 February 2016, Cabral died in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Her death occurred on the 11th death anniversary of her husband Bab Peter. The funeral service took place the following day at Victoria Church in Mahim, Mumbai. The Tiatr Academy of Goa (TAG), representing the tiatr community and enthusiasts, expressed their condolences to the mourning family of Cabral.",
"title": "Death"
}
] | Ophelia Cabral e D'Souza, known mononymously as Ophelia, was an Indian actress, singer, playwright and theatre director who primarily worked on the Konkani stage. One of the multifaceted performers of her time, she is referred to as the "Tragedy Queen of the Konkani stage" and was known for her roles in Konkani films such as Amchem Noxib, Nirmon, Boglantt, Bhuierantlo Munis, and Faxi Mogachi. Cabral had a presence in the Konkani theater for a span of 44 years, beginning her career at the age of 16 under the guidance of A. F. Rod. She was known for her portrayal of tragic roles. Alongside tiatr performers like C. Alvares, M. Boyer, Prem Kumar, and her own spouse, Cabral also showcased her singing abilities, lending her voice to several audio cassettes. Cabral had been actively involved in the production of various Konkani video films. She also played a role in the creation of the first Konkani video film, Faxi Mogachi, under the production of C. Alvares. Furthermore, she has contributed to the development of other video films such as Tuka Kitem Podlam and Natalancho Kusvar. She has also written and directed her own theatrical productions, including Mhoji Bhurgim and Bailanchi Sobai. Apart from her independent projects, she has also supported her husband, Bab Peter, in directing a total of 18 tiatrs. | 2023-12-15T07:55:51Z | 2023-12-31T04:23:36Z | [
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75,569,551 | Jane Dunn | Jane Dunn is a British author. She is a fellow of the Royal Society of Literature.
She is married to the linguist Nicholas Ostler and lived in Hungerford, England in 2020. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Jane Dunn is a British author. She is a fellow of the Royal Society of Literature.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "She is married to the linguist Nicholas Ostler and lived in Hungerford, England in 2020.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "",
"title": "References"
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] | Jane Dunn is a British author. She is a fellow of the Royal Society of Literature. She is married to the linguist Nicholas Ostler and lived in Hungerford, England in 2020. | 2023-12-15T07:56:35Z | 2023-12-18T14:59:42Z | [
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75,569,607 | List of Oncidium species | [] | 2023-12-15T08:06:15Z | 2023-12-15T10:18:02Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Oncidium_species |
||
75,569,630 | Golden Girls (girl group) | Golden Girls (Korean: 골든걸스) is a South Korean senior girl group formed by JYP Entertainment. The group debuted on the reality program of the same name in December 2023 with the single "One Last Time" and 4 members: Insooni, Park Mi-kyung, Shin Hyo-bum, and Lee Eun-mi. | [
{
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"text": "Golden Girls (Korean: 골든걸스) is a South Korean senior girl group formed by JYP Entertainment. The group debuted on the reality program of the same name in December 2023 with the single \"One Last Time\" and 4 members: Insooni, Park Mi-kyung, Shin Hyo-bum, and Lee Eun-mi.",
"title": ""
}
] | Golden Girls (Korean: 골든걸스) is a South Korean senior girl group formed by JYP Entertainment. The group debuted on the reality program of the same name in December 2023 with the single "One Last Time" and 4 members: Insooni, Park Mi-kyung, Shin Hyo-bum, and Lee Eun-mi. | 2023-12-15T08:12:36Z | 2023-12-27T17:33:34Z | [
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75,569,638 | Mount Stepo | Mount Stepo is a 3,828-foot-elevation (1,167-meter) mountain summit in Alaska.
Part of the Aleutian Range, Mount Stepo is located 30 miles (48 km) north-northeast of Sand Point near the southwest end of the Alaska Peninsula. It is set on the west shore of Stepovak Bay and within the Alaska Peninsula National Wildlife Refuge. The south peak is the higher peak of the twin summits composed of a row of spire-like shafts of rock on a spectacular saw-toothed ridge. Precipitation runoff and glacial meltwater from the mountain drains into American Bay and Stepovak Bay. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises over 3,800 feet (1,158 meters) above tidewater at American Bay in 1.5 miles (2.4 km). The mountain's name was shown on a 1953 U.S. Geological Survey map and the toponym has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names. The mountain is named in association with Stepovak Bay which was named Stepovakho Bay or Stepof's Bay by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey in 1888, possibly for a Russian-American Company captain who cruised in the nearby Shumagin Islands prior to 1835.
According to the Köppen climate classification system, Mount Stepo is located in a subpolar oceanic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and cool summers. Weather systems coming off the North Pacific are forced upwards by the mountains (orographic lift), causing heavy precipitation in the form of rainfall and snowfall. Winter temperatures can drop to 0 °F with wind chill factors below −10 °F. This climate supports a small unnamed glacier on the west slope of the peak. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Mount Stepo is a 3,828-foot-elevation (1,167-meter) mountain summit in Alaska.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Part of the Aleutian Range, Mount Stepo is located 30 miles (48 km) north-northeast of Sand Point near the southwest end of the Alaska Peninsula. It is set on the west shore of Stepovak Bay and within the Alaska Peninsula National Wildlife Refuge. The south peak is the higher peak of the twin summits composed of a row of spire-like shafts of rock on a spectacular saw-toothed ridge. Precipitation runoff and glacial meltwater from the mountain drains into American Bay and Stepovak Bay. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises over 3,800 feet (1,158 meters) above tidewater at American Bay in 1.5 miles (2.4 km). The mountain's name was shown on a 1953 U.S. Geological Survey map and the toponym has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names. The mountain is named in association with Stepovak Bay which was named Stepovakho Bay or Stepof's Bay by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey in 1888, possibly for a Russian-American Company captain who cruised in the nearby Shumagin Islands prior to 1835.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "According to the Köppen climate classification system, Mount Stepo is located in a subpolar oceanic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and cool summers. Weather systems coming off the North Pacific are forced upwards by the mountains (orographic lift), causing heavy precipitation in the form of rainfall and snowfall. Winter temperatures can drop to 0 °F with wind chill factors below −10 °F. This climate supports a small unnamed glacier on the west slope of the peak.",
"title": "Climate"
}
] | Mount Stepo is a 3,828-foot-elevation (1,167-meter) mountain summit in Alaska. | 2023-12-15T08:17:20Z | 2023-12-17T04:34:16Z | [
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75,569,641 | Drawing Room | Drawing Room may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Drawing Room may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | Drawing Room may refer to: Drawing room, a room in a house for entertainment
Drawing Room, a 2016 EP album by Helena Deland | 2023-12-15T08:19:23Z | 2023-12-15T08:19:56Z | [
"Template:Disambiguation"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drawing_Room |
75,569,649 | Makran Sultanate | [] | 2023-12-15T08:21:21Z | 2023-12-15T11:06:09Z | [] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makran_Sultanate |
||
75,569,659 | Agnes Mary Lions | Agnes Mary Lions MBE known as Molly Lions (April 22, 1908 – December 22, 1992) was an Australian nurse and Unionist. She was a founding member of the New South Wales College of Nursing.
Lions was born in 1908 in Subiaco. Her brother Francis was a chemist and lecturer who was known for creating stable organic molucules that would bond with metals.
In 1947 she became a senior industrial nurse at the Eveleigh Railway company. She was a founding member of the New South Wales College of Nursing (now part of Australian College of Nursing. The others were Georgina McCready MBE, Muriel Knox Doherty RRC and Margaret Frances Looker. The four of them met a week after a meeting of nurses on 5 January 1949 in Sydney which resolved to create a College of Nursing.
She was awarded an MBE in 1960.
Lions died in Normanhurst. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Agnes Mary Lions MBE known as Molly Lions (April 22, 1908 – December 22, 1992) was an Australian nurse and Unionist. She was a founding member of the New South Wales College of Nursing.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Lions was born in 1908 in Subiaco. Her brother Francis was a chemist and lecturer who was known for creating stable organic molucules that would bond with metals.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 1947 she became a senior industrial nurse at the Eveleigh Railway company. She was a founding member of the New South Wales College of Nursing (now part of Australian College of Nursing. The others were Georgina McCready MBE, Muriel Knox Doherty RRC and Margaret Frances Looker. The four of them met a week after a meeting of nurses on 5 January 1949 in Sydney which resolved to create a College of Nursing.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "She was awarded an MBE in 1960.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Lions died in Normanhurst.",
"title": "Life"
}
] | Agnes Mary Lions MBE known as Molly Lions was an Australian nurse and Unionist. She was a founding member of the New South Wales College of Nursing. | 2023-12-15T08:23:12Z | 2023-12-15T19:02:59Z | [
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75,569,674 | Pelecyphora robbinsiorum | Pelecyphora robbinsiorum is a species of flowering plant in the family Cactaceae.
Pelecyphora robbinsorum grows solitary. The shoots, which often barely protrude from the ground surface, reach heights of 2 to 6 centimeters and the same diameter. Their tightly packed warts are 5 to 8 millimeters long. Central spines are usually not present. The eleven to 17 white marginal spines have a darker tip and are occasionally twisted. They are 0.3 to 1.8 centimeters long.
The flowers are yellowish green to pink. They are 1.8 to 2 centimeters long and reach a diameter of 1.2 to 1.5 centimeters. The orange-red, short cylindrical fruits are 6 to 8.5 millimeters long.
Pelecyphora robbinsorum is widespread in the United States in Cochise County in the state of Arizona and in the Mexican state of Sonora.
The first description as Cochiseia robbinsorum by W. Hubert Earle was published in 1976. The specific epithet robbinsorum honors James A. Robbins and his sons Jimmi and John, who discovered the species. David Richard Hunt placed the species in the genus Escobaria in 1978. David Aquino & Daniel Sánchez moved the species to Pelecyphora based on phylogenetic studies in 2022. Further nomenclature synonyms are Coryphantha robbinsorum (W.H.Earle) A.D.Zimmerman (1978), Neobesseya robbinsorum (W.H.Earle) Doweld (2000) and Escobaria robbinsiorum (W.H.Earle) D.R.Hunt (1978).
Media related to Pelecyphora robbinsiorum at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Pelecyphora robbinsiorum at Wikispecies | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Pelecyphora robbinsiorum is a species of flowering plant in the family Cactaceae.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Pelecyphora robbinsorum grows solitary. The shoots, which often barely protrude from the ground surface, reach heights of 2 to 6 centimeters and the same diameter. Their tightly packed warts are 5 to 8 millimeters long. Central spines are usually not present. The eleven to 17 white marginal spines have a darker tip and are occasionally twisted. They are 0.3 to 1.8 centimeters long.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The flowers are yellowish green to pink. They are 1.8 to 2 centimeters long and reach a diameter of 1.2 to 1.5 centimeters. The orange-red, short cylindrical fruits are 6 to 8.5 millimeters long.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Pelecyphora robbinsorum is widespread in the United States in Cochise County in the state of Arizona and in the Mexican state of Sonora.",
"title": "Distribution"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The first description as Cochiseia robbinsorum by W. Hubert Earle was published in 1976. The specific epithet robbinsorum honors James A. Robbins and his sons Jimmi and John, who discovered the species. David Richard Hunt placed the species in the genus Escobaria in 1978. David Aquino & Daniel Sánchez moved the species to Pelecyphora based on phylogenetic studies in 2022. Further nomenclature synonyms are Coryphantha robbinsorum (W.H.Earle) A.D.Zimmerman (1978), Neobesseya robbinsorum (W.H.Earle) Doweld (2000) and Escobaria robbinsiorum (W.H.Earle) D.R.Hunt (1978).",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Media related to Pelecyphora robbinsiorum at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Pelecyphora robbinsiorum at Wikispecies",
"title": "External links"
}
] | Pelecyphora robbinsiorum is a species of flowering plant in the family Cactaceae. | 2023-12-15T08:28:11Z | 2023-12-27T08:29:23Z | [
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75,569,678 | Charles Smith (North Carolina politician) | Charles Ruppe Smith is a Democratic member of the North Carolina House of Representatives, who has represented the 44th district (including portions of central Cumberland County) since 2023. Smith previously served as an Assistant District Attorney for Cumberland County. | [
{
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"text": "Charles Ruppe Smith is a Democratic member of the North Carolina House of Representatives, who has represented the 44th district (including portions of central Cumberland County) since 2023. Smith previously served as an Assistant District Attorney for Cumberland County.",
"title": ""
}
] | Charles Ruppe Smith is a Democratic member of the North Carolina House of Representatives, who has represented the 44th district since 2023. Smith previously served as an Assistant District Attorney for Cumberland County. | 2023-12-15T08:29:09Z | 2023-12-28T12:39:18Z | [
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75,569,685 | Gouri Shankaram | Gouri Shankaram (transl. Gouri and Shankar) is an Indian television series airing on Asianet and streaming on Disney+ Hotstar. The story revolves around the lives of Gouri and Sankar Mahadevan.
It is the story of a girl named Gouri, a college girl whose life changes after she enters wedlock with her obsessive and die-hard lover, Sanker. Gouri is a girl of principles taught by her father, Shyam. Sanker, on the other hand, is opposite, always following his principles in life and being the master of his decisions. The show takes a new turn when Sanker falls head over heels for Gouri and makes all his efforts to make her his wife.
It is produced by Krishnan Sethukumar under the banner of Moviemill. Veena P Nair signed to play the title role, along with Harishankar. Nisha Mathew and Ravikrishnan were retained from the previous project. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Gouri Shankaram (transl. Gouri and Shankar) is an Indian television series airing on Asianet and streaming on Disney+ Hotstar. The story revolves around the lives of Gouri and Sankar Mahadevan.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "It is the story of a girl named Gouri, a college girl whose life changes after she enters wedlock with her obsessive and die-hard lover, Sanker. Gouri is a girl of principles taught by her father, Shyam. Sanker, on the other hand, is opposite, always following his principles in life and being the master of his decisions. The show takes a new turn when Sanker falls head over heels for Gouri and makes all his efforts to make her his wife.",
"title": "Plot"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "It is produced by Krishnan Sethukumar under the banner of Moviemill. Veena P Nair signed to play the title role, along with Harishankar. Nisha Mathew and Ravikrishnan were retained from the previous project.",
"title": "Production"
}
] | Gouri Shankaram is an Indian television series airing on Asianet and streaming on Disney+ Hotstar. The story revolves around the lives of Gouri and Sankar Mahadevan. | 2023-12-15T08:31:11Z | 2023-12-30T06:01:48Z | [
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75,569,688 | Thomas Bull (Pennsylvania politician) | Thomas Bull (June 9, 1744 – July 13, 1837) was an American politician from Pennsylvania. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Chester County from 1793 to 1801.
Thomas Bull was born on June 9, 1744, to William Bull.
Bull was manager for Potts & Rutter at the Warwick Furnace.
Bull was appointed lieutenant colonel in 1776 and later commissioned as a colonel in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War. He was taken prisoner and imprisoned in New Jersey and Long Island. After returning from the war, he continued to work as a manager at the Warwick Furnace. He held an interest in Joanna Furnace in Robeson Township, Berks County until about 1831.
Bull was a delegate to the convention which framed the Pennsylvania Constitution of 1776 or 1790, sources differ. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Chester County from 1793 to 1801. Around 1810 or 1812, he was associated with the construction of a road from Lancaster Turnpike to Welsh Mountain.
Bull helped build St. Mary's Church in East Nantmeal (later Warwick Township).
Bull married Ann Hunter, daughter of John Hunter, of Whiteland on February 28, 1771. She died in 1817. He married Lydia Crowell, a widow, of Cape May, New Jersey, in 1819. He had eight children, Elizabeth (born 1771), Mary (1774–1798), Ann (1776–1850), Martha (1779–1850), Sarah (1779–1817), Levi (1780–1859), James Hunter (1782–1797) and Margaret (1787–c. 1819). His son Levi was a Episcopal clergyman and lawyer. His grandson Thomas K. Bull was a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. He lived near Warwick Furnace and purchased some land from the Warwick Company near the south branch of French Creek. He was a vestryman of St. Peter's Episcopal Church.
Bull died on July 13, 1837. A few years prior to his death, an act of Congress paid Bull an annual pension of US$575 for his serves in the Revolutionary War. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Thomas Bull (June 9, 1744 – July 13, 1837) was an American politician from Pennsylvania. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Chester County from 1793 to 1801.",
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},
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"title": "Career"
},
{
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"text": "Bull was appointed lieutenant colonel in 1776 and later commissioned as a colonel in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War. He was taken prisoner and imprisoned in New Jersey and Long Island. After returning from the war, he continued to work as a manager at the Warwick Furnace. He held an interest in Joanna Furnace in Robeson Township, Berks County until about 1831.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Bull was a delegate to the convention which framed the Pennsylvania Constitution of 1776 or 1790, sources differ. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Chester County from 1793 to 1801. Around 1810 or 1812, he was associated with the construction of a road from Lancaster Turnpike to Welsh Mountain.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Bull helped build St. Mary's Church in East Nantmeal (later Warwick Township).",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Bull married Ann Hunter, daughter of John Hunter, of Whiteland on February 28, 1771. She died in 1817. He married Lydia Crowell, a widow, of Cape May, New Jersey, in 1819. He had eight children, Elizabeth (born 1771), Mary (1774–1798), Ann (1776–1850), Martha (1779–1850), Sarah (1779–1817), Levi (1780–1859), James Hunter (1782–1797) and Margaret (1787–c. 1819). His son Levi was a Episcopal clergyman and lawyer. His grandson Thomas K. Bull was a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. He lived near Warwick Furnace and purchased some land from the Warwick Company near the south branch of French Creek. He was a vestryman of St. Peter's Episcopal Church.",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Bull died on July 13, 1837. A few years prior to his death, an act of Congress paid Bull an annual pension of US$575 for his serves in the Revolutionary War.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | Thomas Bull was an American politician from Pennsylvania. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Chester County from 1793 to 1801. | 2023-12-15T08:33:36Z | 2023-12-15T14:48:15Z | [
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75,569,703 | 1972 USAC National Dirt Car Championship | The 1972 USAC National Dirt Car Championship was the second season of the USAC National Dirt Car Championship.
The season consisted of four dirt races.
The driver championship was won by A.J. Foyt of 28 classified drivers. The entrant championships went to the #3 car of A.J. Foyt Enterprises. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 1972 USAC National Dirt Car Championship was the second season of the USAC National Dirt Car Championship.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The season consisted of four dirt races.",
"title": "Schedule and results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The driver championship was won by A.J. Foyt of 28 classified drivers. The entrant championships went to the #3 car of A.J. Foyt Enterprises.",
"title": "Final point standings"
}
] | The 1972 USAC National Dirt Car Championship was the second season of the USAC National Dirt Car Championship. | 2023-12-15T08:39:29Z | 2023-12-15T10:07:46Z | [
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75,569,725 | Zhuge Jun | Zhuge Jun（traditional Chinese：諸葛均，189-？），hailing from Langya (present-day Yinan County, Shandong Province), was an official of the Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period. He was the third brother of Zhuge Jin and the Shu Han Chancellor Zhuge Liang.
Zhuge Jun, due to the early passing of his father Zhuge Gui, was raised alongside his brother Zhuge Liang under the care of their uncle Zhuge Xuan. When Zhuge Xuan was appointed as the Administrator of Yuzhang by Yuan Shu, he took Zhuge Jun and his brothers with him to Yuzhang. However, later, when the Han court appointed Zhu Hao to replace Zhuge Xuan, the latter left for Jingzhou to join his old friend Liu Biao. Zhuge Jun and Zhuge Liang followed him to Jingzhou. Eventually, while Zhuge Liang served in Shu Han, Zhuge Jun also attained the rank of Colonel. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Zhuge Jun（traditional Chinese：諸葛均，189-？），hailing from Langya (present-day Yinan County, Shandong Province), was an official of the Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period. He was the third brother of Zhuge Jin and the Shu Han Chancellor Zhuge Liang.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Zhuge Jun, due to the early passing of his father Zhuge Gui, was raised alongside his brother Zhuge Liang under the care of their uncle Zhuge Xuan. When Zhuge Xuan was appointed as the Administrator of Yuzhang by Yuan Shu, he took Zhuge Jun and his brothers with him to Yuzhang. However, later, when the Han court appointed Zhu Hao to replace Zhuge Xuan, the latter left for Jingzhou to join his old friend Liu Biao. Zhuge Jun and Zhuge Liang followed him to Jingzhou. Eventually, while Zhuge Liang served in Shu Han, Zhuge Jun also attained the rank of Colonel.",
"title": ""
}
] | Zhuge Jun，hailing from Langya, was an official of the Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period. He was the third brother of Zhuge Jin and the Shu Han Chancellor Zhuge Liang. | 2023-12-15T08:48:55Z | 2023-12-15T16:22:56Z | [
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75,569,729 | Jovan Dragašević | Jovan Dragašević (Serbian Cyrillic: Јован Драгашевић; Požarevac, 16 February 1836 – Niš, 14 July 1915) was a Serbian military geographer, historian and writer. He was Acting Chief of the Serbian General Staff from 1877 to 1878. He was also lecturer at the Military Academy and the Higher School in Belgrade, as well as honorary member of the Serbian Royal Academy. | [
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75,569,746 | The Goblin Song | "The Goblin Song" is an original song composed by Murray Gold and with lyrics by Russell T Davies. Lead vocals are performed by Christina Rotondo, accompanied by Lukas DiSparrow on cello.
The song appeared in "The Church on Ruby Road", the 2023 Doctor Who Christmas special. It was digitally released as a charity single, raising funds for Children in Need.
Rotondo is characterised as a goblin vocalist in the music video and in "The Church on Ruby Road". The Doctor (Ncuti Gatwa) nicknames the goblin as "Janice" or "Janis" in the episode. Davies had originally named the character "Janice", after the singing muppet of The Electric Mayhem. This was changed to "Janis Goblin" by Davies after the connection to singer Janis Joplin was made online, which he described as "a much funnier joke".
The song appeared in "The Church on Ruby Road", an episode of Doctor Who, broadcast on Christmas Day 2023. The episode features two additional verses which are not featured on the single, sung by The Doctor and Ruby Sunday (Millie Gibson). It is one of the few original songs to be written for the programme.
The song was released digitally as a charity single on Apple Music, Deezer, iTunes, and Spotify, raising money for Children in Need, on 11 December 2023, prior to the episode's broadcast. A lyric video was also made available.
The song's release date and visibility saw contemporary press discuss it as a contender for the Christmas No.1 in the UK. Upon release, the song placed at #1 in the UK iTunes Chart and #12 on the Official UK Singles Chart on 15 December 2023.
A lyric video was released on the official Doctor Who YouTube channel. The lyrics of the song describe how the goblins have kidnapped and plan to eat Lulubelle, a human baby. The video is taken from a scene in "The Church on Ruby Road". It features "Janis" and a goblin band performing the song while Lulubelle is moved along a conveyor belt towards the maw of the Goblin King. The Doctor and Ruby are present, attempting to prevent the proceedings.
The song did not make the UK singles chart, but it did enter at #12 on the UK sales chart. It also reached the top of the UK iTunes chart and was placed as high as #13 on the Australian iTunes chart. | [
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] | "The Goblin Song" is an original song composed by Murray Gold and with lyrics by Russell T Davies. Lead vocals are performed by Christina Rotondo, accompanied by Lukas DiSparrow on cello. The song appeared in "The Church on Ruby Road", the 2023 Doctor Who Christmas special.
It was digitally released as a charity single, raising funds for Children in Need. | 2023-12-15T08:58:32Z | 2023-12-30T16:26:02Z | [
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75,569,763 | Linda Loppa | Linda Loppa is a Belgian fashion designer and fashion consultant. For nine years, she served as the director of Polimoda in Florence, Italy and is now its strategy and vision advisor.
Loppa is known for her role in the development of fashion in Belgium. Prior to working at Polimoda, she served as the director of the fashion department at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts and simultaneously as the director and curator of ModeMuseum Antwerpen. She is also a cofounder of the Flanders Fashion Institute.
Loppa was born in Antwerp on June 26, 1948. Her father, Renzo Loppa, was a tailor. She initially wanted to be an architect, but she studied fashion for four years at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Antwerp graduating in 1971.
After completing her studies at the Royal Academy, Loppa worked at Bartsons, a Belgian raincoat manufacturer. She started Loppa, a retail business in 1978 where she was one of the first to sell marks such as Gianni Versace, Claude Montana, Pierre Cardin, Helmut Lang, and Comme des Garçons in Belgium.
Loppa began teaching fashion at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of Antwerp in the early 1980s. She became head of the Academy's fashion department in 1985, a role which she would hold for over 25 years.
Graduates of the Academy while she was its head included Veronique Branquinho, Haider Ackermann, Kris Van Assche, and Demna Gvasalia. Loppa played a role in Raf Simons' career by having him learn the basic principles of tailoring from her father. The Antwerp Six, pioneers of the modern avant-garde movement, trained under Loppa at the Antwerp Fashion Department.
While head of the fashion department at the Royal Academy, Loppa was a cofounder of Mode Antwerpen. Founded in 1996, it was a predecessor of what would eventually develop into the Flanders Fashion Institute. In 1998, she was appointed the director of what would become ModeMuseum Antwerpen serving as its first director and curator.
In 2006, Loppa was forced to resign from the Flanders Fashion Institute after financial mismanagement came to light which threatened its survival and the Flemish Government demanded the removal of those responsible. She was succeeded by Walter Van Beirendonck.
Loppa left Antwerp in 2007, moving to Florence to take over the directorship of Polimoda. She held the position until 2016 when she moved to Paris but continues to work with Polimoda as the director of the university's Strategy & Vision Platform and as a consultant.
In 2019, she published Life is a Vortex which British Vogue described as "revealing her unique way of decoding the business of fashion." The book was published at the request and with the support of Polimoda.
Loppa has been described as the First Lady of Antwerp fashion. She is included in the Business of Fashion 500 Hall of Fame since 2014. She holds an honorary doctorate from University of the Arts London and was nominated by Time as one of the 25 most influential people in the fashion world. She has served on the panel for the LVMH Young Designer Fashion Prize. | [
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"title": "Fashion education"
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75,569,765 | Shlenker House | Shlenker House is a historic house built in c. 1907 in Vicksburg, Mississippi, U.S.. Its is also known as the D.J. Shlenker House, and the Rig Perry House. Shlenker House is a historical reminder of the Jewish immigrant community in Vicksburg during the early-20th century. It is a National Register of Historic Places listed place since 1983; and is listed as a Mississippi Landmark since 2000. The house is also part of the South Cherry Street Historic District. It is an example of early 20th-century eclecticism in architecture in the city of Vicksburg.
It is a two-story, brick eclectic residence with influence from the Prairie School and Bungalow styles (by an unknown architect). The house was constructed c. 1907 by D.J. Shlenker (or David Jacob Shlenker), who came from a prominent German Jewish family. Shlenker had owned a dry good store in Vicksburg around the 1880s, and later inheritated his father Jacob Shlenker's cotton factory and warehouse in Vicksburg. D.J. Shlenker died in 1913. In September 1915, the Shlenker family sold the house to Hester Craig (who at the time was engaged to Gray Flowers).
The house once had leaded stained glass windows, which were vandalized and no longer exist. The porch and veranda railings have also been modified since the house was initially built.
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the National Park Service. | [
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75,569,784 | Digging the Foundations | Digging the Foundations is the final studio album by English soul group the Foundations. The album includes two of the group's hits, "In the Bad, Bad Old Days" and "My Little Chickadee". The album was released in the UK on the Pye label in 1969. There would be various issues relating to the album that would be a cause of concern for the group.
When the album was released, the cover depicted the band members in a gravel pit at work in prison garb, ball and chain attached to them, digging with picks and shovels. The inside of the cover had the group members presented individually with mug shots and related personal information. Five of the eleven songs were original compositions by the band members and the rest were by Tony Macaulay and John Macleod with the exception of the Robert Saker and Jack Winsley composition, "Waiting On the Shores of Nowhere". In 1969, the group had more control over their material. This was made possible by their manager Barry Class having negotiated a new contract for the group with their label Pye.
According to the April 26 issue of Billboard, the album was due to be available in the US in May on a rush release. It was due for release in the UK after the summer. When the album was released, one song, "Why Does She Keep On" wasn't included. Another title which wasn't included was "I Don't Know Why". It was performed for the 23rd June edition of the Top of The Pops radio show. As the song begins, host Brian Matthew says "This is another of their songs from it" (meaning the album).
The album was released in the US on UNI 73058, and in the UK on Pye NSPL.18290.
It was reported by Billboard in the 18 October 1969 issue that the Foundations were touring Scandinavia and Philips were doing a promotion for the album.
The song "Solomon Grundy" has a history that predates the placing of the Foundations' version on this album. Eric Allandale was commissioned to write a straight pop song for the popular band from the Philippines, Danny Diaz and the Checkmates who then recorded Allandale's composition. They had won the Battle of the Sound competition which got them a $10,000 recording contract, appearances on radio and television in Britain and on the European Continent, and the chance to record their first UK single, "Solomon Grundy". It was also recorded by Pickettywitch who performed it on the televised talent show, Opportunity Knocks. Another Allandale composition from the album, "I Can Feel It", was covered by Chuck Bennett and was a hit for him in Germany in 1970. Mac Kissoon also covered the song which was included on his Souled Out album, released the same year.
There were two albums reviewed in the Pop Best Bets section of the 2 July 1969 issue of Cash Box. One was Nothing But a Heartache by The Flirtations, and the other was Digging The Foundations. The reviewer began with "This is a sprightly set of rockers freshly performed". Taking note of "In the Bad, Bad Old Days" and "My Little Chickadee, the reviewer referred to it as a very nice package, and said the other highlights were "Solomon Grundy" and "A Penny Sir".
The album got a thorough review by Disc and Music Echo in the magazine's July 5 issue. The reviewer made note of the fact that since "Baby, Now That I've Found You" the group had failed to make the Top 30 and then with the departure of Clem Curtis, there was a presumption by many of the knockers that this would be the end of The Foundations. But with the vocals of Colin Young on "Build Me Up Buttercup" which was a rocket powered boost to the top of the charts in both the UK and the US, the group's potential was obvious. The reviewer also said that the proof that it wasn't a fluke was when Colin Young came back and did it with "In the Bad Bad Old Days".
All of the tracks were individually reviewed.
Calling the group "a great little band" and complementing Colin Young's vocal style, the reviewer said that this was their best album to date and that it should have had more folk digging them. The mentioned tracks were "My Little Chickadee", "I Can Feel It" and "In the Bad Bad Old Days".
The album had a brief review in the 2 August issue of Record World. The two mentioned songs were "In the Bad Bad Old Days" and "My Little Chickadee". Calling the album nice, the reviewer said that the band bridged the pop-R&B-bubblegum gap.
"In the Bad, Bad Old Days" made its debut on 18 march and spent ten weeks in the UK charts where it peaked at no. 8. It got to no. 51 in the US. "My Little Chickadee" got to no. 99 in the US.
The Foundations had become embroiled in a row with their record label Pye and producer due to five tracks from their album Digging the Foundations having been leaked to other artists. It had been reported in the 7 June issue of Melody Maker that according to the group, there were songs that were supposed to be exclusive to them. It was also reported that the group were holding off on the release of their album until September. They had discovered that the songs were going to be released by other artists. One of the "exclusive" songs to be released on single was "My Little Chickadee", which had been covered by Geno Washington the same time as the Foundations' version was released on the UNI label in the US. Barry Class, the manager of the group was due to meet with Pye chief Louis Benjamin when the article went to press.
An early version of the album wasn't what the group wanted, and they were not happy with it. Foundations organist Tony Gomesz was interviewed by Brian Matthew for the 23rd June Top of the Pops show. Prior to "Waiting on the Shores of Nowhere" being played, Matthews asked Gomesz why after a string of hits, the Foundations have opted to produce their own discs, and when did they make that decision? Gomesz explained that when the group was in New York they got an advance copy of their album which wasn't to their requirements, so they remade the album. He also said that it was then that they decided from then on that they would do their own producing.
Due to the racial policies of South Africa and the authorities not allowing multi-racial groups to be seen, the album had to be released there in a plain cover.
Side one
Side two
The album with bonus tracks was released in CD format by Repertoire Records (cat# REP4183-WZ) in 1991. In 2018 Wasabi Records released the album (cat# WSBAC-0102) in blu-spec format. The CD came with eight bonus tracks and liner notes by Masato Wakatsuki (若月眞人).
In a 2022 review of the Foundations' Am I Groovin' You – The Pye Anthology, the reviewer suggested that some members were displeased with the recording of the album and singled out Long John Baldry's record "Let the Heartaches Begin", which pushed "Baby, Now That I've Found You" off the no. 1 spot as a possible source of displeasure. However the reviewer in 2022 said that the Foundations' version had a lot going for it and mentioned that it had an air of an early Drifters hit and a touch of the Isley Brothers about it. The reviewer also mentioned that "Take Away the Emptiness" had aspects of the Chairmen of the Board at their best. | [
{
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"title": "Background"
},
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"text": "There were two albums reviewed in the Pop Best Bets section of the 2 July 1969 issue of Cash Box. One was Nothing But a Heartache by The Flirtations, and the other was Digging The Foundations. The reviewer began with \"This is a sprightly set of rockers freshly performed\". Taking note of \"In the Bad, Bad Old Days\" and \"My Little Chickadee, the reviewer referred to it as a very nice package, and said the other highlights were \"Solomon Grundy\" and \"A Penny Sir\".",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
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"text": "The album got a thorough review by Disc and Music Echo in the magazine's July 5 issue. The reviewer made note of the fact that since \"Baby, Now That I've Found You\" the group had failed to make the Top 30 and then with the departure of Clem Curtis, there was a presumption by many of the knockers that this would be the end of The Foundations. But with the vocals of Colin Young on \"Build Me Up Buttercup\" which was a rocket powered boost to the top of the charts in both the UK and the US, the group's potential was obvious. The reviewer also said that the proof that it wasn't a fluke was when Colin Young came back and did it with \"In the Bad Bad Old Days\".",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "All of the tracks were individually reviewed.",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Calling the group \"a great little band\" and complementing Colin Young's vocal style, the reviewer said that this was their best album to date and that it should have had more folk digging them. The mentioned tracks were \"My Little Chickadee\", \"I Can Feel It\" and \"In the Bad Bad Old Days\".",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "The album had a brief review in the 2 August issue of Record World. The two mentioned songs were \"In the Bad Bad Old Days\" and \"My Little Chickadee\". Calling the album nice, the reviewer said that the band bridged the pop-R&B-bubblegum gap.",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "\"In the Bad, Bad Old Days\" made its debut on 18 march and spent ten weeks in the UK charts where it peaked at no. 8. It got to no. 51 in the US. \"My Little Chickadee\" got to no. 99 in the US.",
"title": "Singles"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "The Foundations had become embroiled in a row with their record label Pye and producer due to five tracks from their album Digging the Foundations having been leaked to other artists. It had been reported in the 7 June issue of Melody Maker that according to the group, there were songs that were supposed to be exclusive to them. It was also reported that the group were holding off on the release of their album until September. They had discovered that the songs were going to be released by other artists. One of the \"exclusive\" songs to be released on single was \"My Little Chickadee\", which had been covered by Geno Washington the same time as the Foundations' version was released on the UNI label in the US. Barry Class, the manager of the group was due to meet with Pye chief Louis Benjamin when the article went to press.",
"title": "Issues"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "An early version of the album wasn't what the group wanted, and they were not happy with it. Foundations organist Tony Gomesz was interviewed by Brian Matthew for the 23rd June Top of the Pops show. Prior to \"Waiting on the Shores of Nowhere\" being played, Matthews asked Gomesz why after a string of hits, the Foundations have opted to produce their own discs, and when did they make that decision? Gomesz explained that when the group was in New York they got an advance copy of their album which wasn't to their requirements, so they remade the album. He also said that it was then that they decided from then on that they would do their own producing.",
"title": "Issues"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "Due to the racial policies of South Africa and the authorities not allowing multi-racial groups to be seen, the album had to be released there in a plain cover.",
"title": "Issues"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "Side one",
"title": "Track listing"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "Side two",
"title": "Track listing"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "The album with bonus tracks was released in CD format by Repertoire Records (cat# REP4183-WZ) in 1991. In 2018 Wasabi Records released the album (cat# WSBAC-0102) in blu-spec format. The CD came with eight bonus tracks and liner notes by Masato Wakatsuki (若月眞人).",
"title": "Later years"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "In a 2022 review of the Foundations' Am I Groovin' You – The Pye Anthology, the reviewer suggested that some members were displeased with the recording of the album and singled out Long John Baldry's record \"Let the Heartaches Begin\", which pushed \"Baby, Now That I've Found You\" off the no. 1 spot as a possible source of displeasure. However the reviewer in 2022 said that the Foundations' version had a lot going for it and mentioned that it had an air of an early Drifters hit and a touch of the Isley Brothers about it. The reviewer also mentioned that \"Take Away the Emptiness\" had aspects of the Chairmen of the Board at their best.",
"title": "Later years"
}
] | Digging the Foundations is the final studio album by English soul group the Foundations. The album includes two of the group's hits, "In the Bad, Bad Old Days" and "My Little Chickadee". The album was released in the UK on the Pye label in 1969. There would be various issues relating to the album that would be a cause of concern for the group. | 2023-12-15T09:17:45Z | 2023-12-24T08:49:02Z | [
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75,569,787 | IPG Group | IPG (Information Process Group) is a Swiss identity management services provider and consulting company, established in 2001. The headquarter is in Winterthur, Switzerland with subsidiaries in Austria and Germany.
IPG was founded in 2001. In 2006, the company opened a subsidiary in Hamburg, Germany. IPG also launched self-developed software Rolmine for role modeling. In 2010, the company opened a branch in Vienna. Rolemine software was sold to Beta Systems Software AG. In 2013, IPG introduced "IAM as a Service" as a managed service in 2013.
In 2017, the company partnered among others with Beyond Trust, specializing in cyber security to expand IPG Group's product offering. The same year, Imprivata named IPG as "Partner of the Year". The company received EMEA Partner of the Year 2019 and 2020 and Regional Partner of the Year awards from One Identity. IPG also partnered with WALLIX (Privileged Access Management) and SailPoint (Identity Governance). In May 2019 the company won 6.9 million euros public tender of the Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB) for the introduction and later operation of an IAM. The same year the company has signed Mike Elfner as Head Business Consulting for Switzerland and Austria. In the beginning of 2020 the company opened new office in Dresden.
In 2021 Timetoact Group acquired the majority of the shares of IPG. After the acquisition, IPG will continue to operate independently. In 2021, Claudio Fuchs took over the position as a CEO and replaced Co-founder Marco Rohrer, who remains with the company as chairman of the board of directors.
IPG offers IAM services. The company provides advisory, implementation, and application operation of Identity, Governance & Access Management. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "IPG (Information Process Group) is a Swiss identity management services provider and consulting company, established in 2001. The headquarter is in Winterthur, Switzerland with subsidiaries in Austria and Germany.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "IPG was founded in 2001. In 2006, the company opened a subsidiary in Hamburg, Germany. IPG also launched self-developed software Rolmine for role modeling. In 2010, the company opened a branch in Vienna. Rolemine software was sold to Beta Systems Software AG. In 2013, IPG introduced \"IAM as a Service\" as a managed service in 2013.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 2017, the company partnered among others with Beyond Trust, specializing in cyber security to expand IPG Group's product offering. The same year, Imprivata named IPG as \"Partner of the Year\". The company received EMEA Partner of the Year 2019 and 2020 and Regional Partner of the Year awards from One Identity. IPG also partnered with WALLIX (Privileged Access Management) and SailPoint (Identity Governance). In May 2019 the company won 6.9 million euros public tender of the Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB) for the introduction and later operation of an IAM. The same year the company has signed Mike Elfner as Head Business Consulting for Switzerland and Austria. In the beginning of 2020 the company opened new office in Dresden.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 2021 Timetoact Group acquired the majority of the shares of IPG. After the acquisition, IPG will continue to operate independently. In 2021, Claudio Fuchs took over the position as a CEO and replaced Co-founder Marco Rohrer, who remains with the company as chairman of the board of directors.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "IPG offers IAM services. The company provides advisory, implementation, and application operation of Identity, Governance & Access Management.",
"title": "History"
}
] | IPG is a Swiss identity management services provider and consulting company, established in 2001. The headquarter is in Winterthur, Switzerland with subsidiaries in Austria and Germany. | 2023-12-15T09:18:56Z | 2023-12-26T15:08:08Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPG_Group |
75,569,800 | The Ramparts of Ice | The Ramparts of Ice (Japanese: 氷の城壁, Hepburn: Koori no Jyōheki) is a Japanese web manga series written and illustrated by Kōcha Agasawa. Starting as a webtoon, it was later serialized through Line's Line Manga digital service from January 2020 to April 2022. Shueisha started publishing it in collected tankōbon volumes in July 2023.
Kōcha Agasawa started The Ramparts of Ice as a self-published webtoon for about two years before starting a serialization through Line's Line Manga digital service from January 10, 2020, to April 28, 2022. Shueisha started publishing the manga in print, with two tankōbon volumes released on July 4, 2023. As of December 4, 2023, seven volumes have been released.
Before its serialization, The Ramparts of Ice received a special prize at the "Shueisha Shōjo Manga Grand Prix Powered by Line Manga Indies 2018 Summer". It was first in the Comic Seymour Annual Ranking's josei manga category in 2022. It ranked second in AnimeJapan's sixth "Most Wanted Anime Adaptation" poll in 2023. It has been nominated for the 69th Shogakukan Manga Award in 2023. It ranked fifteenth, along with The JoJoLands, on Takarajimasha's Kono Manga ga Sugoi! list of best manga of 2024 for male readers. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Ramparts of Ice (Japanese: 氷の城壁, Hepburn: Koori no Jyōheki) is a Japanese web manga series written and illustrated by Kōcha Agasawa. Starting as a webtoon, it was later serialized through Line's Line Manga digital service from January 2020 to April 2022. Shueisha started publishing it in collected tankōbon volumes in July 2023.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Kōcha Agasawa started The Ramparts of Ice as a self-published webtoon for about two years before starting a serialization through Line's Line Manga digital service from January 10, 2020, to April 28, 2022. Shueisha started publishing the manga in print, with two tankōbon volumes released on July 4, 2023. As of December 4, 2023, seven volumes have been released.",
"title": "Publication"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Before its serialization, The Ramparts of Ice received a special prize at the \"Shueisha Shōjo Manga Grand Prix Powered by Line Manga Indies 2018 Summer\". It was first in the Comic Seymour Annual Ranking's josei manga category in 2022. It ranked second in AnimeJapan's sixth \"Most Wanted Anime Adaptation\" poll in 2023. It has been nominated for the 69th Shogakukan Manga Award in 2023. It ranked fifteenth, along with The JoJoLands, on Takarajimasha's Kono Manga ga Sugoi! list of best manga of 2024 for male readers.",
"title": "Reception"
}
] | The Ramparts of Ice is a Japanese web manga series written and illustrated by Kōcha Agasawa. Starting as a webtoon, it was later serialized through Line's Line Manga digital service from January 2020 to April 2022. Shueisha started publishing it in collected tankōbon volumes in July 2023. | 2023-12-15T09:23:36Z | 2023-12-20T19:29:52Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Ramparts_of_Ice |
75,569,830 | Hansgeorg Hauser | Hansgeorg Hauser (June 20, 1943 – February 24, 2021) was a German politician, member of the CSU (Christian Social Union). He served as the Parliamentary State Secretary to the Federal Minister of Finance from 1995 to 1998.
After graduating from Adam-Kraft-Gymnasium [de] in Schwabach in 1963, Hauser completed his military service and began studying Business Administration at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg in 1965. He obtained his diploma in Business Administration in 1970.
Following this, he worked at the auditing firm Price Waterhouse until 1974. In 1975, he passed the exam to become a tax advisor and has been practicing as an independent tax consultant since then.
From February 1, 2000, to June 30, 2009, Hansgeorg Hauser served as the Representative of the Board of Commerzbank AG, responsible for maintaining relations with politics, parties, embassies, associations, and other public entities. Additionally, he oversaw the bank's liaison offices in Berlin and Brussels.
Following this role, from July 1, 2009, to December 31, 2012, Hauser worked as an independent consultant for politics and business.
Starting in 1993, Hauser was a member of the board of directors or supervisory board of the Rummelsberger Anstalten, eventually chairing the supervisory board. From 2005, he served as vice president and Treasurer of Special Olympics Germany. He was also a member of the Foundation Board of Lebenshilfe Nürnberger Land e. V. from 2004.
Hauser joined the CSU in 1982. From 1984 to 1989, he was a member of the CSU district executive in Roth and the district executive of Middle Franconia. From 1993, he was deputy chairman of the CSU district association in Roth.
Hauser was a member of the German Bundestag from 1990 to 2002, where he was chairman of the CDU/CSU parliamentary group's finance working group from 1993 to 1995.
Hansgeorg Hauser always entered the Bundestag as a directly elected member of the Roth constituency.
On November 15, 1995, Hauser was appointed Parliamentary State Secretary to the Federal Minister of Finance in the Federal Government led by Chancellor Helmut Kohl. After the 1998 Bundestag elections, he left office on October 26, 1998.
2015: Bavarian Order of Merit | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Hansgeorg Hauser (June 20, 1943 – February 24, 2021) was a German politician, member of the CSU (Christian Social Union). He served as the Parliamentary State Secretary to the Federal Minister of Finance from 1995 to 1998.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "After graduating from Adam-Kraft-Gymnasium [de] in Schwabach in 1963, Hauser completed his military service and began studying Business Administration at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg in 1965. He obtained his diploma in Business Administration in 1970.",
"title": "Life and work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Following this, he worked at the auditing firm Price Waterhouse until 1974. In 1975, he passed the exam to become a tax advisor and has been practicing as an independent tax consultant since then.",
"title": "Life and work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "From February 1, 2000, to June 30, 2009, Hansgeorg Hauser served as the Representative of the Board of Commerzbank AG, responsible for maintaining relations with politics, parties, embassies, associations, and other public entities. Additionally, he oversaw the bank's liaison offices in Berlin and Brussels.",
"title": "Life and work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Following this role, from July 1, 2009, to December 31, 2012, Hauser worked as an independent consultant for politics and business.",
"title": "Life and work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Starting in 1993, Hauser was a member of the board of directors or supervisory board of the Rummelsberger Anstalten, eventually chairing the supervisory board. From 2005, he served as vice president and Treasurer of Special Olympics Germany. He was also a member of the Foundation Board of Lebenshilfe Nürnberger Land e. V. from 2004.",
"title": "Life and work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Hauser joined the CSU in 1982. From 1984 to 1989, he was a member of the CSU district executive in Roth and the district executive of Middle Franconia. From 1993, he was deputy chairman of the CSU district association in Roth.",
"title": "Life and work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Hauser was a member of the German Bundestag from 1990 to 2002, where he was chairman of the CDU/CSU parliamentary group's finance working group from 1993 to 1995.",
"title": "Life and work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Hansgeorg Hauser always entered the Bundestag as a directly elected member of the Roth constituency.",
"title": "Life and work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "On November 15, 1995, Hauser was appointed Parliamentary State Secretary to the Federal Minister of Finance in the Federal Government led by Chancellor Helmut Kohl. After the 1998 Bundestag elections, he left office on October 26, 1998.",
"title": "Life and work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "2015: Bavarian Order of Merit",
"title": "Awards"
}
] | Hansgeorg Hauser was a German politician, member of the CSU. He served as the Parliamentary State Secretary to the Federal Minister of Finance from 1995 to 1998. | 2023-12-15T09:27:44Z | 2023-12-16T17:04:04Z | [
"Template:Cite news",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hansgeorg_Hauser |
75,569,841 | Pedestal (Aiko song) | "Pedestal" is a single by Czech singer Aiko, co-written with Steven Ansell and released on 22 September 2023. The song is set to represent the Czech Republic in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024 after winning the national selection ESCZ 2024.
The song is described as self-love, post-breakup anthem and "emphasizes the determination to prioritize independence. It highlights the importance of putting oneself first in the face of adversity and any toxic relationships."
Further, the song delves into the negative feelings and events that occur as a relationship nears its end. In an article by the magazine Distorted Sound, the Czech singer said: "At some point, everything falls into place and you realise that it’s time to put yourself first and make yourself the priority. It’s a process and it can take a while before one learns to be nice to themselves."
ESCZ 2024 was the national final organized by ČT in order to select the Czech entry for the Eurovision Song Contest 2024. Seven entries participated in the competition which took place on 4 December 2023 at the Roxy Club [cs] in Prague, with the winner being selected via public voting and announced on 13 December 2023, with voting taking place in between. The voting consisted of 70% international audiences and 30% Czech audiences.
In the voting, "Pedestal" garnered 723 weighted votes from the Czech vote and 23,175 weighted votes from the international vote, earning a total of 23,898 votes, winning by a margin of 11,022 votes. With the victory, the song was selected as the Czech representative for the Eurovision Song Contest 2024.
The Eurovision Song Contest 2024 will take place at the Malmö Arena in Malmö, Sweden, and consist of two semi-finals held on the respective dates of 7 and 9 May and the final on 11 May 2024. All nations with the exceptions of the host country and the "Big Five" (France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom) are required to qualify from one of two semi-finals in order to compete for the final; the top ten countries from each semi-final will progress to the final. On 30 January 2024, an allocation draw will be held to determine which of the two semi-finals, as well as which half of the show, each country will perform in; the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) splits up the competing countries into different pots based on voting patterns from previous contests, with countries with favourable voting histories put into the same pot. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "\"Pedestal\" is a single by Czech singer Aiko, co-written with Steven Ansell and released on 22 September 2023. The song is set to represent the Czech Republic in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024 after winning the national selection ESCZ 2024.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The song is described as self-love, post-breakup anthem and \"emphasizes the determination to prioritize independence. It highlights the importance of putting oneself first in the face of adversity and any toxic relationships.\"",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Further, the song delves into the negative feelings and events that occur as a relationship nears its end. In an article by the magazine Distorted Sound, the Czech singer said: \"At some point, everything falls into place and you realise that it’s time to put yourself first and make yourself the priority. It’s a process and it can take a while before one learns to be nice to themselves.\"",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "ESCZ 2024 was the national final organized by ČT in order to select the Czech entry for the Eurovision Song Contest 2024. Seven entries participated in the competition which took place on 4 December 2023 at the Roxy Club [cs] in Prague, with the winner being selected via public voting and announced on 13 December 2023, with voting taking place in between. The voting consisted of 70% international audiences and 30% Czech audiences.",
"title": "Eurovision Song Contest"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In the voting, \"Pedestal\" garnered 723 weighted votes from the Czech vote and 23,175 weighted votes from the international vote, earning a total of 23,898 votes, winning by a margin of 11,022 votes. With the victory, the song was selected as the Czech representative for the Eurovision Song Contest 2024.",
"title": "Eurovision Song Contest"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The Eurovision Song Contest 2024 will take place at the Malmö Arena in Malmö, Sweden, and consist of two semi-finals held on the respective dates of 7 and 9 May and the final on 11 May 2024. All nations with the exceptions of the host country and the \"Big Five\" (France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom) are required to qualify from one of two semi-finals in order to compete for the final; the top ten countries from each semi-final will progress to the final. On 30 January 2024, an allocation draw will be held to determine which of the two semi-finals, as well as which half of the show, each country will perform in; the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) splits up the competing countries into different pots based on voting patterns from previous contests, with countries with favourable voting histories put into the same pot.",
"title": "Eurovision Song Contest"
}
] | "Pedestal" is a single by Czech singer Aiko, co-written with Steven Ansell and released on 22 September 2023. The song is set to represent the Czech Republic in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024 after winning the national selection ESCZ 2024. | 2023-12-15T09:29:34Z | 2023-12-29T11:29:41Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedestal_(Aiko_song) |
75,569,843 | 2023 Beijing Subway collision | On 14 December 2023, two trains on the Changping Line of the Beijing Subway in Beijing, China collided in heavy snow, resulting in at least 515 injuries, but no fatalities. The tracks had become slippery, which caused the first train to automatically apply its brakes. A second train following behind was unable to stop in time, and crashed into the first.
The two trains involved in the collision were CRRC Qingdao Sifang SFM13 trainsets, the first train being CP024 and the second CP032. The two trains entered service in 2015.
There was heavy snow the day before the collision, which caused the temporary closure of some train lines and schools, and above-ground trains were instructed to be operated manually and to maintain a larger gap between trains. On the day of the accident, Beijing set an orange alert for heavy snow and a yellow alert for icy roads, which is unusual for Beijing as it rarely experiences snowfall. The line on which the accident occurred transports approximately 400,000 people each weekday.
The collision occurred during rush hour, at about 19:00 CST on the Changping line in Beijing. Another train, SFM93 set CP059, experienced skidding due to snowfall at Life Science Park station, and the signal system experienced a downgrade. As a result, CP024 waited in front of a signal behind CP059. CP032, which was manually driven, departed Xi'erqi station and, at a speed of 92 kilometres per hour (57 mph), activated its emergency braking. Due to the increased braking distance from the snow, CP032 was unable to stop in time and collided with CP024. A statement by the Beijing Municipal Commission of Transport indicated that the CP032 was travelling downhill and could not brake effectively. Beijing Subway later said that CP024 had become separated at several carriages, and the front two cars of CP032 involved in the collision had detached.
The trains involved lost power, leading to passengers being left in the dark and smashing windows open for fresh air. By 23:00, all passengers were evacuated by emergency services. 515 people were brought to hospitals, 102 of whom suffered bone fracture. As of 06:00 the next day, 423 had been released, 25 were under observation, and 67 others remained hospitalised. There were no fatalities.
Immediately after the accident, the Xi'erqi station was closed to facilitate rescue operations. Rail services on the Changping Line between Xi'erqi and Zhuxinzhuang stations were also suspended due to the damaged trains blocking the track. On 15 December, the Changping line continued to operate with no service between Xi'erqi and Zhuxinzhuang stations, with replacement shuttle bus services provided for the closed section.
Following the collision, Beijing Subway offered an apology and said that it would pay for passengers' medical costs. Passengers who had already left the scene but experienced discomfort later were also welcomed to contact Beijing Subway.
The incident had also sparked criticism from netizens, with one Weibo user questioning the maintenance of the network and asked whether Beijing Subway was "taking the lives of hundreds of people too lightly".
On 16 December, full services on the Changping Line resumed. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "On 14 December 2023, two trains on the Changping Line of the Beijing Subway in Beijing, China collided in heavy snow, resulting in at least 515 injuries, but no fatalities. The tracks had become slippery, which caused the first train to automatically apply its brakes. A second train following behind was unable to stop in time, and crashed into the first.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The two trains involved in the collision were CRRC Qingdao Sifang SFM13 trainsets, the first train being CP024 and the second CP032. The two trains entered service in 2015.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "There was heavy snow the day before the collision, which caused the temporary closure of some train lines and schools, and above-ground trains were instructed to be operated manually and to maintain a larger gap between trains. On the day of the accident, Beijing set an orange alert for heavy snow and a yellow alert for icy roads, which is unusual for Beijing as it rarely experiences snowfall. The line on which the accident occurred transports approximately 400,000 people each weekday.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The collision occurred during rush hour, at about 19:00 CST on the Changping line in Beijing. Another train, SFM93 set CP059, experienced skidding due to snowfall at Life Science Park station, and the signal system experienced a downgrade. As a result, CP024 waited in front of a signal behind CP059. CP032, which was manually driven, departed Xi'erqi station and, at a speed of 92 kilometres per hour (57 mph), activated its emergency braking. Due to the increased braking distance from the snow, CP032 was unable to stop in time and collided with CP024. A statement by the Beijing Municipal Commission of Transport indicated that the CP032 was travelling downhill and could not brake effectively. Beijing Subway later said that CP024 had become separated at several carriages, and the front two cars of CP032 involved in the collision had detached.",
"title": "Accident"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The trains involved lost power, leading to passengers being left in the dark and smashing windows open for fresh air. By 23:00, all passengers were evacuated by emergency services. 515 people were brought to hospitals, 102 of whom suffered bone fracture. As of 06:00 the next day, 423 had been released, 25 were under observation, and 67 others remained hospitalised. There were no fatalities.",
"title": "Aftermath"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Immediately after the accident, the Xi'erqi station was closed to facilitate rescue operations. Rail services on the Changping Line between Xi'erqi and Zhuxinzhuang stations were also suspended due to the damaged trains blocking the track. On 15 December, the Changping line continued to operate with no service between Xi'erqi and Zhuxinzhuang stations, with replacement shuttle bus services provided for the closed section.",
"title": "Aftermath"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Following the collision, Beijing Subway offered an apology and said that it would pay for passengers' medical costs. Passengers who had already left the scene but experienced discomfort later were also welcomed to contact Beijing Subway.",
"title": "Aftermath"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The incident had also sparked criticism from netizens, with one Weibo user questioning the maintenance of the network and asked whether Beijing Subway was \"taking the lives of hundreds of people too lightly\".",
"title": "Aftermath"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "On 16 December, full services on the Changping Line resumed.",
"title": "Aftermath"
}
] | On 14 December 2023, two trains on the Changping Line of the Beijing Subway in Beijing, China collided in heavy snow, resulting in at least 515 injuries, but no fatalities. The tracks had become slippery, which caused the first train to automatically apply its brakes. A second train following behind was unable to stop in time, and crashed into the first. | 2023-12-15T09:29:59Z | 2023-12-29T03:53:37Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Beijing_Subway_collision |
75,569,884 | Malaysians of Indian descent in Sarawak | Sarawakian Indians are Malaysian Indians that live primarily in the state of Sarawak, Malaysia.
Unlike in Peninsular Malaysia, the Indian population in Sarawak is small. Estimated to be between 6,500 people (figure also includes those of mixed parentage and professionals/students/residents from other parts of Malaysia), found mainly in the urban exteriors of Kuching and Miri.Majority of Indians in Sarawak are Tamils. There are also other Indians minorities from the Punjabi Sikhs, Telugus, Sindhis and Keralites ethnic groups.Majority of Indians in Sarawak are Tamils. There are also other Indians minorities from the Punjabi Sikhs, Telugus, Sindhis and Keralites ethnic groups. Sarawak is the only state in Malaysia that does not observe Deepavali as public holiday. A significant portion of the contemporary South Asian community in Sarawak consists of individuals from mixed marriages with Malays, Chinese, and various indigenous ethnic groups. Maby Sarawak Indians have pursued successful careers in professions such as medicine, law, engineering, education, and other professional fields, both within the government and private sectors. | [
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"text": "Unlike in Peninsular Malaysia, the Indian population in Sarawak is small. Estimated to be between 6,500 people (figure also includes those of mixed parentage and professionals/students/residents from other parts of Malaysia), found mainly in the urban exteriors of Kuching and Miri.Majority of Indians in Sarawak are Tamils. There are also other Indians minorities from the Punjabi Sikhs, Telugus, Sindhis and Keralites ethnic groups.Majority of Indians in Sarawak are Tamils. There are also other Indians minorities from the Punjabi Sikhs, Telugus, Sindhis and Keralites ethnic groups. Sarawak is the only state in Malaysia that does not observe Deepavali as public holiday. A significant portion of the contemporary South Asian community in Sarawak consists of individuals from mixed marriages with Malays, Chinese, and various indigenous ethnic groups. Maby Sarawak Indians have pursued successful careers in professions such as medicine, law, engineering, education, and other professional fields, both within the government and private sectors.",
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75,569,940 | 2024 in Libya | Events in Libya in 2024.
Source: | [
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75,569,947 | Tsai Shiue-Shi | Tsai Shiue-Shi (Chinese: 蔡雪溪, 1884—?), born during the Japanese colonial period in the Wanhua District of Taipei, Taiwan, was a painter originally named Tsai Rong-Kuan (蔡榮寬). He was a prominent professional artist in the early 20th century, actively contributing to the art scene in northern Taiwan.
Tsai Shiue-Shi graduated from elementary school in the 34th year of the Meiji era (1901) and worked in various government offices such as the special sales office and the railway department. Apart from self-study in painting, he also learned painting from his colleague at the railway department, Kawada Sumiho (川田墨鳳). In the 9th year of the Taisho era (1920), he moved to Dadaocheng and opened a framing studio called " Shiue-Shi Painting Studio (雪溪畫館)" across from the Yongle Market (永樂市場). With numerous students, he gained fame for his disciples, particularly Guo Hsueh-hu (郭雪湖, originally named Guo Jinhuo, 郭金火) and Ren Ruiyao (任瑞堯). The artistic names " Shiue-hu " and " Shiue-ya" (雪涯) in the art world were given by Tsai Shiue-Shi. Specializing in traditional deity painting, engraving, and framing, Tsai Shiue-Shi was actively involved in poetry societies like the Cuiyingyin Society (萃英吟社), contributing to expanding his patronage sources. Besides Taipei, he held art exhibitions in places like Hsinchu and Chiayi. Between 1931 and 1933, he traveled to southern China for sketching. Before departure, he even organized special sales of his works to fund his trips. His paintings were frequently selected for the Taiwan Art Exhibition (known as “Taiten”, 臺展) and the Taiwan Viceroy Art Exhibition (known as “Futen”, 府展). In the 11th year of the Showa era (1936), he established the "New Oriental Painting Research Association" (新東洋畫研究會) in Taipingting (太平町).
Tsai Shiue-Shi's creative subjects were diverse, initially focusing on traditional Chinese ink styles depicting figures, flowers and birds, and landscapes to meet the demands of the traditional painting market. Later, in pursuit of recognition at official art exhibitions such as the Taiwan Art Exhibition and the Taiwan Viceroy Art Exhibition, Tsai Shiue-Shi's artistic style shifted towards a characteristic of lifelike and meticulous realism based on sketches. This transformation aimed to align with the emphasized themes of local color and sketching in official art exhibitions. His selected gouache paintings showcased a blend of modern sketching concepts with the cultural and local life of Taiwan. However, to make a living, he concurrently continued producing traditional ink paintings of flowers, birds, and landscapes to meet the prevailing demands of the painting market. Among these, his traditional ink paintings of peonies became particularly renowned. | [
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},
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"text": "Tsai Shiue-Shi graduated from elementary school in the 34th year of the Meiji era (1901) and worked in various government offices such as the special sales office and the railway department. Apart from self-study in painting, he also learned painting from his colleague at the railway department, Kawada Sumiho (川田墨鳳). In the 9th year of the Taisho era (1920), he moved to Dadaocheng and opened a framing studio called \" Shiue-Shi Painting Studio (雪溪畫館)\" across from the Yongle Market (永樂市場). With numerous students, he gained fame for his disciples, particularly Guo Hsueh-hu (郭雪湖, originally named Guo Jinhuo, 郭金火) and Ren Ruiyao (任瑞堯). The artistic names \" Shiue-hu \" and \" Shiue-ya\" (雪涯) in the art world were given by Tsai Shiue-Shi. Specializing in traditional deity painting, engraving, and framing, Tsai Shiue-Shi was actively involved in poetry societies like the Cuiyingyin Society (萃英吟社), contributing to expanding his patronage sources. Besides Taipei, he held art exhibitions in places like Hsinchu and Chiayi. Between 1931 and 1933, he traveled to southern China for sketching. Before departure, he even organized special sales of his works to fund his trips. His paintings were frequently selected for the Taiwan Art Exhibition (known as “Taiten”, 臺展) and the Taiwan Viceroy Art Exhibition (known as “Futen”, 府展). In the 11th year of the Showa era (1936), he established the \"New Oriental Painting Research Association\" (新東洋畫研究會) in Taipingting (太平町).",
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] | Tsai Shiue-Shi, born during the Japanese colonial period in the Wanhua District of Taipei, Taiwan, was a painter originally named Tsai Rong-Kuan (蔡榮寬). He was a prominent professional artist in the early 20th century, actively contributing to the art scene in northern Taiwan. | 2023-12-15T09:52:02Z | 2023-12-26T18:09:56Z | [
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75,569,967 | Dragašević | Dragašević is a surname. | [
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] | Dragašević is a surname. Antonina Dragašević
Jovan Dragašević | 2023-12-15T09:57:25Z | 2023-12-15T11:28:01Z | [
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75,570,063 | Farad Faqir | Farad Faqir (1704/1720–1790, Urdu: فرد فقیر) was an Indian Sufi, author and Poet. According to Baba Budh Singh, "Faqir was the saint who raised the voice against injustice of the contemporary rulers."
Faqir was born in 1704 in a small area of Gujarat. | [
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75,570,091 | Through and Through | Through and Through' is the second full-length studio album by American rhythm and blues singer Baby Rose, released on April 28, 2023 by Secretly Canadian. It has received positive reviews from critics.
Complex chose this as the 26th best album of 2023. | [
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] | Through and Through' is the second full-length studio album by American rhythm and blues singer Baby Rose, released on April 28, 2023 by Secretly Canadian. It has received positive reviews from critics. | 2023-12-15T10:11:03Z | 2023-12-15T12:27:10Z | [
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75,570,098 | Baravoye, Lyelchytsy District | Baravoye (Belarusian: Баравое, romanized: Baravoje; Russian: Боровое, romanized: Borovoye) is an agrotown in Lyelchytsy District, Gomel Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Baravoye selsoviet. | [
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] | Baravoye is an agrotown in Lyelchytsy District, Gomel Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Baravoye selsoviet. | 2023-12-15T10:11:56Z | 2023-12-30T02:58:02Z | [
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75,570,099 | History of the Jews in Hebron | The history of the Jews in Hebron refers to the residence of Jews in Hebron almost continuously, from Biblical times until today. According to the Bible, Abraham settled in Hebron and purchased the Cave of the Patriarchs as a burial place for his wife Sarah. The biblical tradition asserts that the cave is the final resting site for Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and their wives—Sarah, Rebecca, and Leah. Hebron is also mentioned as David's first capital, where he was anointed king of Israel. Archaeological findings from Hezekiah's time indicate Hebron's importance in the Kingdom of Judah. During the Second Temple period, Hebron, initially Edomite, underwent a significant shift as its population embraced Judaism under Hasmonean rule. The city was destroyed during the Jewish–Roman wars.
In the 16th century, under Ottoman rule, Jews from Spain established a community in Hebron and built the Abraham Avinu Synagogue. In the 19th century, the community expanded to include Ashkenazi Jews. In the summer of 1929, local Muslims carried out a massacre of the Jews of Hebron. With the outbreak of the Arab Revolt in 1936, the last Jews left the city, with only one family remaining.
Shortly after the Six-Day War, Jewish settlement in the city was renewed, along with the establishment of Kiryat Arba nearby. The presence of a Jewish neighborhood in Hebron was explicitly set out in the Hebron Accord, jointly signed by Israel and the Palestinians. At present, this is the only Jewish community located inside a Palestinian city.
Today, some 1,100 Jews live in Hebron, including 350 students of the Yeshivat Shavei Hebron, all in the H2 area under Israeli control. Approximately 40,000 Palestinians also live in the H2 area (in addition to 215,000 in H1, the Palestinian part of Hebron.
According to biblical tradition, Abraham lived in Hebron. He purchased the Cave of the Patriarchs (Me'arat HaMachpela) and the surrounding field from Ephron the Hittite. Abraham buried his wife Sarah there and was later buried there himself, followed by Isaac and Rebecca, and Jacob and Leah. Isaac also established his residence in Hebron, hence the city is known as the "City of the Patriarchs."
After the Exodus from Egypt, the twelve spies arrived in Hebron, where Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai, the Anakim (giants), lived at that time. The city was conquered by Joshua during his battle against the five Amorite kings of the south. The king of Hebron was Hoham. The biblical narratives states that the city was completely destroyed, leaving no living soul. As was part of the inheritance of the tribe of Judah, Hebron was awarded to Caleb son of Jephunneh. However, being one of the Levite cities of refuge, it was shared by Caleb and the priests who won the city by lot.
David was anointed king and established his first capital in Hebron. He reigned for seven years until the conquest of Jerusalem from the Jebusites, at which point Jerusalem was declared the capital of Israel.
The importance of Hebron during the Kingdom of Judah is evident from the clay jar handles found there, stamped with "for the king" and "Hebron" These seals date back to the reign of Hezekiah, King of Judah, in the 8th to 9th century BCE. Over 1,200 jar handles with the royal seal, reading "for the king," were discovered. It is believed the jars contained oil and wine for royal use.
According to the Book of Kings, Shishak, the first king of Egypt, conquered Jerusalem in 926 BCE. An inscription found in Karnak, Egypt, lists among the cities he conquered "Field of Abraham," possibly referring to Hebron.
When Jewish exiles from Babylon returned to the Land of Israel with Ezra and Nehemiah, settlement in Hebron and surroundings was renewed. The inhabitants of the city were among those asked to send one in ten to Jerusalem to assist in its rehabilitation. However, it is assumed that the Edomites migrated to the southern part of Mount Hebron, which was empty of Jews, perhaps due to the pressure of the Nabatean tribes on their ancient land east of the Jordan. The Edomites also took control of most of the area up to Beth-zur.
In 164 BCE, Hebron was conquered by Judas Maccabeus who destroyed the city and its fortifications. In 112 BCE, the Hasmonean prince John Hyrcanus I waged war against the Edomites, who were given the choice of expulsion or conversion. Thus, Hebron became a Jewish city, with a population that included former Edomites. During the Great Revolt against the Romans (66–70 CE), one of the rebel leaders, Simon Bar Giora, established an alliance with a former Edomite leader and the area was handed over to him. However, it was conquered soon after and burned down by the Romans. Many Jewish captives were sold into slavery in the Hebron marketplace.<ref>[ https://www.jpost.com/in-jerusalem/ancient-oaks-514945 Ancient Oaks – A visit to historic Elonei Mamre in Hebron, [[Jerusalem Post]]]</ref> After the Great Revolt, Hebron became a small town known as "Abramium."
Jewish settlement in Hebron was sparse during this period. In the Byzantine era, when a church was built over the Cave of the Patriarchs, the authorities allowed the Jews to pray in one part of it. A synagogue was established near the entrance to the Cave, but it was converted into a church after the Crusader conquest, and the Jews were driven out.
In 1211, Rabbi Samuel ben Samson reported finding one Jewish dyer in the city. In 1481, Rabbi Meshullam of Volterra described a visit to Hebron in his travelogue "Meshullam's Journey in the Land of Israel." He visited the Cave of the Patriarchs with the “guardian of the cave” and made a sketch of it. He found 20 Jewish families living in the city at that time. When Rabbi Moses Basola's visited in1521, he also found 20 Jewish families.
In the 15th century, Jewish refugees from Venice who worked in the glass industry arrived in Hebron. During the period of Mamluk rule, Hebron was named one of the four holy cities. The ancient city hill, known as the “Casbah,” was abandoned at this time and a Jewish quarter established by Jews expelled from Spain grew up to the west of the Cave of Patriarchs, along the route of a water conduit. The land on which the Jewish quarter was built was purchased from the Arabs.
In 1517, in the final phases of the Ottoman-Mamluk War, following the Mamluk defeat of the Turks, the Jews of Hebron were violently attacked and their property was looted. Those who survived fled to Beirut
Many Hebron Jews fled to Gaza in 1525, in the wake of a plague epidemic.
During the Ottoman period (1516-1917), Jews from all over Palestine and other countries settled in Hebron, which became a center of Jewish learning. In 1540, Rabbi Malkiel Ashkenazi bought property from the Karaites who had lived there since the 10th century, creating what became known as the Jewish courtyard. Here he established the Abraham Avinu synagogue, which was destroyed in 1929 and rebuilt after the renewal of Jewish settlement in 1967.
In the early 16th century, the Muslim Waqf prohibited Jews from entering the Cave of Patriarchs. Jews remained banned from the site until the 20th century. In the 16th century, Rabbi Solomon Adeni lived and worked in Hebron. Rabbi Chaim Joseph David Azulai of Hebron was sent to Europe as a Jewish emissary. In those days, most of the Jewish residents of Palestine depended on donations from overseas Jewish communities, especially the Sephardic community in Holland and the Ashkenazim of Eastern Europe. In the late 18th century, Rabbi Avraham Gershon of Kitov, brother-in-law of the Baal Shem Tov, lived in Hebron.
In the early 19th century, an Ashkenazi community affiliated with Chabad Hasidism was established in Hebron. This community became the center of the Chabad dynasty in the Land of Israel. Rabbi Chaim Yeshua Bejio, then the head of the city's Sephardic and Portuguese community acquired various plots of land in Hebron. In 1807, he bought a 5-dunam plot, where the wholesale vegetable market of Hebron is located today. In May 1811, he bought 800 dunams of land from the Hebronite Tamimi family. This area included today's Tel Rumeida (Biblical Hebron) and the Tomb of Jesse. Rabbi Bejio paid for the land out of his own pocket and transferred ownership to the community.
In 1831, when Hebron came under the rule of Ibrahim Pasha, he saved the city's Jews from an attack by the local Arabs. From then on, the Jews commemorated that day, the 19th of Iyar, as the "Purim of Ibrahim." In 1834, during the [[Peasants’ revolt in Palestine]], the Arabs of Hebron orchestrated a pogrom in which 12 Jews were killed. At time the Jewish population numbered only 750 people.
In 1840, Hebron was taken over by Abd al-Rahman al-Amer of Kfar Doura who ruled with a heavy hand, collecting patronage fees from the farmers and ransom from the Jews. On the 14th of Kislev, the Jewish community declared a new holiday, "Purim Takah" - "Purim of the latch” - after a bag of silver found next to a latch in the fence of the Jewish courtyard contained the exact amount that the governor was demanding.
In 1846 al-Rahman was banished from Hebron At the beginning of 1852 he was imprisoned by the government and a Turkish ruler was appointed in his place. A few days later he fled from Jerusalem, deposed the new governor, drove out the mufti and imposed steep fines on the residents, especially the Jews.
Requests for help were sent to Jewish communities around the world, which were published in the Jewish Chronicle and other newspapers. Al-Rahman was referred to in code as "the Black Rabbi." Despite the protection money paid to him, he continued to confiscate Jewish property. In the wake of these events, some Hebron Jews resettled in the Old City of Jerusalem and HaGai (al-Wad) Street was called "Hebron Street" by the Jews until 1948.
For seven years, Abd al-Rahman fought with his brother, Salem, over control of Hebron during which the plunder of Jewish property continued. The Jews of Hebron turned to the British Jewish community for help. In 1855, the Ottomans decided to put an end to the chaos and sent in military forces to restore order.
In 1852, Rabbi Dr. Yehuda Bibas, an early Zionist, settled in Hebron and established a study hall, donating his extensive library to the city. In 1854, Eliyahu Mani was appointed Chief Rabbi of the Hebron community. He was active in building synagogues and fundraising. By this time, the Jewish quarter was a gated community.Around 1889, a Chabad yeshiva, "Magen Avot," was established by Rabbi Shimon Menashe Chaikin and his student Rabbi Shlomo Yehuda Leib Elazarov. The institution consisted of a higher yeshiva and a Talmud Torah for children.
By 1895, the Jewish population of Hebron was 1,429 (810 Sephardim and 619 Ashkenazim). After World War I, the number dropped to 430. In 1901, Chaim Hezekiah Medini was appointed Chief Rabbi of Hebron, a position he held until his death. Medini opened a yeshiva in Beit Romano and completed the writing of a large Talmudic encyclopedia, "Sdei Chemed".
In 1907, as the city developed economically and the Zionist Organization became active, the Eretz Israel Workers' Association (Poale Zion) established its fourth branch in Hebron. In 1911, the Chabad yeshiva "Torat Emet" was founded there. Blueprints were drawn up to build housing and a hotel, but the plan never materialized.
In July 1914, the Jewish population numbered 1,500. When World War I erupted, the Ottomans expelled many Hebron Jews with foreign citizenship and "Torat Emet" closed down. Those who remained faced conscription.
In December 1917, Hebron was captured by the British.
In the summer of 1924, ten students from the Slobodka yeshiva in Jerusalem established another branch of the yeshiva in Hebron headed by Rabbi Sarna. Zionist leader Menachem Ussishkin was a supporter of the yeshiva with an eye to strengthening Jewish settlement in Hebron. By the summer of 1925, enrollment was up to 120. The yeshiva attracted Jewish newcomers to the city and served as an important source of income for the local Arabs, from whom the students rented apartments and purchased goods. Friendly relations developed between the Jews and Arabs, who invited each other to family celebrations.
In 1927, the Ashkenazi and Sephardic communities formed the General Committee for the United Hebrew Community in Hebron. Rabbi Meir Shmuel Kashmir and Rabbi Yaakov Yosef Slonim served as chairmen.
On August 24, 1929, Arabs from Hebron attacked and murdered 59 of their Jewish neighbors, with eight more dying later of their injuries. 44 were seriously injured and 21 others survived with light injuries. The victims were buried in four rows in Hebron's ancient Jewish cemetery. A separate grave was dug for severed limbs, soil, blood-soaked clothes, and items removed from Jewish homes.
Three days after the massacre, the British authorities ordered all Jews to leave Hebron. Knesset Israel, now known as "Hebron Yeshiva," was moved to Jerusalem. Jewish properties and homes were looted by rioters. The Hadassah building became an Arab girls' school, the Abraham Avinu synagogue was destroyed and used as a goat pen, and the Jewish cemetery was vandalized and desecrated. | [
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"text": "Today, some 1,100 Jews live in Hebron, including 350 students of the Yeshivat Shavei Hebron, all in the H2 area under Israeli control. Approximately 40,000 Palestinians also live in the H2 area (in addition to 215,000 in H1, the Palestinian part of Hebron.",
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"text": "According to biblical tradition, Abraham lived in Hebron. He purchased the Cave of the Patriarchs (Me'arat HaMachpela) and the surrounding field from Ephron the Hittite. Abraham buried his wife Sarah there and was later buried there himself, followed by Isaac and Rebecca, and Jacob and Leah. Isaac also established his residence in Hebron, hence the city is known as the \"City of the Patriarchs.\"",
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"text": "After the Exodus from Egypt, the twelve spies arrived in Hebron, where Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai, the Anakim (giants), lived at that time. The city was conquered by Joshua during his battle against the five Amorite kings of the south. The king of Hebron was Hoham. The biblical narratives states that the city was completely destroyed, leaving no living soul. As was part of the inheritance of the tribe of Judah, Hebron was awarded to Caleb son of Jephunneh. However, being one of the Levite cities of refuge, it was shared by Caleb and the priests who won the city by lot.",
"title": "History"
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"text": "David was anointed king and established his first capital in Hebron. He reigned for seven years until the conquest of Jerusalem from the Jebusites, at which point Jerusalem was declared the capital of Israel.",
"title": "History"
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{
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"text": "The importance of Hebron during the Kingdom of Judah is evident from the clay jar handles found there, stamped with \"for the king\" and \"Hebron\" These seals date back to the reign of Hezekiah, King of Judah, in the 8th to 9th century BCE. Over 1,200 jar handles with the royal seal, reading \"for the king,\" were discovered. It is believed the jars contained oil and wine for royal use.",
"title": "History"
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{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "According to the Book of Kings, Shishak, the first king of Egypt, conquered Jerusalem in 926 BCE. An inscription found in Karnak, Egypt, lists among the cities he conquered \"Field of Abraham,\" possibly referring to Hebron.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "When Jewish exiles from Babylon returned to the Land of Israel with Ezra and Nehemiah, settlement in Hebron and surroundings was renewed. The inhabitants of the city were among those asked to send one in ten to Jerusalem to assist in its rehabilitation. However, it is assumed that the Edomites migrated to the southern part of Mount Hebron, which was empty of Jews, perhaps due to the pressure of the Nabatean tribes on their ancient land east of the Jordan. The Edomites also took control of most of the area up to Beth-zur.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "In 164 BCE, Hebron was conquered by Judas Maccabeus who destroyed the city and its fortifications. In 112 BCE, the Hasmonean prince John Hyrcanus I waged war against the Edomites, who were given the choice of expulsion or conversion. Thus, Hebron became a Jewish city, with a population that included former Edomites. During the Great Revolt against the Romans (66–70 CE), one of the rebel leaders, Simon Bar Giora, established an alliance with a former Edomite leader and the area was handed over to him. However, it was conquered soon after and burned down by the Romans. Many Jewish captives were sold into slavery in the Hebron marketplace.<ref>[ https://www.jpost.com/in-jerusalem/ancient-oaks-514945 Ancient Oaks – A visit to historic Elonei Mamre in Hebron, [[Jerusalem Post]]]</ref> After the Great Revolt, Hebron became a small town known as \"Abramium.\"",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "Jewish settlement in Hebron was sparse during this period. In the Byzantine era, when a church was built over the Cave of the Patriarchs, the authorities allowed the Jews to pray in one part of it. A synagogue was established near the entrance to the Cave, but it was converted into a church after the Crusader conquest, and the Jews were driven out.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "In 1211, Rabbi Samuel ben Samson reported finding one Jewish dyer in the city. In 1481, Rabbi Meshullam of Volterra described a visit to Hebron in his travelogue \"Meshullam's Journey in the Land of Israel.\" He visited the Cave of the Patriarchs with the “guardian of the cave” and made a sketch of it. He found 20 Jewish families living in the city at that time. When Rabbi Moses Basola's visited in1521, he also found 20 Jewish families.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "In the 15th century, Jewish refugees from Venice who worked in the glass industry arrived in Hebron. During the period of Mamluk rule, Hebron was named one of the four holy cities. The ancient city hill, known as the “Casbah,” was abandoned at this time and a Jewish quarter established by Jews expelled from Spain grew up to the west of the Cave of Patriarchs, along the route of a water conduit. The land on which the Jewish quarter was built was purchased from the Arabs.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "In 1517, in the final phases of the Ottoman-Mamluk War, following the Mamluk defeat of the Turks, the Jews of Hebron were violently attacked and their property was looted. Those who survived fled to Beirut",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "Many Hebron Jews fled to Gaza in 1525, in the wake of a plague epidemic.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "During the Ottoman period (1516-1917), Jews from all over Palestine and other countries settled in Hebron, which became a center of Jewish learning. In 1540, Rabbi Malkiel Ashkenazi bought property from the Karaites who had lived there since the 10th century, creating what became known as the Jewish courtyard. Here he established the Abraham Avinu synagogue, which was destroyed in 1929 and rebuilt after the renewal of Jewish settlement in 1967.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "In the early 16th century, the Muslim Waqf prohibited Jews from entering the Cave of Patriarchs. Jews remained banned from the site until the 20th century. In the 16th century, Rabbi Solomon Adeni lived and worked in Hebron. Rabbi Chaim Joseph David Azulai of Hebron was sent to Europe as a Jewish emissary. In those days, most of the Jewish residents of Palestine depended on donations from overseas Jewish communities, especially the Sephardic community in Holland and the Ashkenazim of Eastern Europe. In the late 18th century, Rabbi Avraham Gershon of Kitov, brother-in-law of the Baal Shem Tov, lived in Hebron.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "In the early 19th century, an Ashkenazi community affiliated with Chabad Hasidism was established in Hebron. This community became the center of the Chabad dynasty in the Land of Israel. Rabbi Chaim Yeshua Bejio, then the head of the city's Sephardic and Portuguese community acquired various plots of land in Hebron. In 1807, he bought a 5-dunam plot, where the wholesale vegetable market of Hebron is located today. In May 1811, he bought 800 dunams of land from the Hebronite Tamimi family. This area included today's Tel Rumeida (Biblical Hebron) and the Tomb of Jesse. Rabbi Bejio paid for the land out of his own pocket and transferred ownership to the community.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 19,
"text": "In 1831, when Hebron came under the rule of Ibrahim Pasha, he saved the city's Jews from an attack by the local Arabs. From then on, the Jews commemorated that day, the 19th of Iyar, as the \"Purim of Ibrahim.\" In 1834, during the [[Peasants’ revolt in Palestine]], the Arabs of Hebron orchestrated a pogrom in which 12 Jews were killed. At time the Jewish population numbered only 750 people.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 20,
"text": "In 1840, Hebron was taken over by Abd al-Rahman al-Amer of Kfar Doura who ruled with a heavy hand, collecting patronage fees from the farmers and ransom from the Jews. On the 14th of Kislev, the Jewish community declared a new holiday, \"Purim Takah\" - \"Purim of the latch” - after a bag of silver found next to a latch in the fence of the Jewish courtyard contained the exact amount that the governor was demanding.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 21,
"text": "In 1846 al-Rahman was banished from Hebron At the beginning of 1852 he was imprisoned by the government and a Turkish ruler was appointed in his place. A few days later he fled from Jerusalem, deposed the new governor, drove out the mufti and imposed steep fines on the residents, especially the Jews.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 22,
"text": "Requests for help were sent to Jewish communities around the world, which were published in the Jewish Chronicle and other newspapers. Al-Rahman was referred to in code as \"the Black Rabbi.\" Despite the protection money paid to him, he continued to confiscate Jewish property. In the wake of these events, some Hebron Jews resettled in the Old City of Jerusalem and HaGai (al-Wad) Street was called \"Hebron Street\" by the Jews until 1948.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 23,
"text": "For seven years, Abd al-Rahman fought with his brother, Salem, over control of Hebron during which the plunder of Jewish property continued. The Jews of Hebron turned to the British Jewish community for help. In 1855, the Ottomans decided to put an end to the chaos and sent in military forces to restore order.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 24,
"text": "In 1852, Rabbi Dr. Yehuda Bibas, an early Zionist, settled in Hebron and established a study hall, donating his extensive library to the city. In 1854, Eliyahu Mani was appointed Chief Rabbi of the Hebron community. He was active in building synagogues and fundraising. By this time, the Jewish quarter was a gated community.Around 1889, a Chabad yeshiva, \"Magen Avot,\" was established by Rabbi Shimon Menashe Chaikin and his student Rabbi Shlomo Yehuda Leib Elazarov. The institution consisted of a higher yeshiva and a Talmud Torah for children.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 25,
"text": "By 1895, the Jewish population of Hebron was 1,429 (810 Sephardim and 619 Ashkenazim). After World War I, the number dropped to 430. In 1901, Chaim Hezekiah Medini was appointed Chief Rabbi of Hebron, a position he held until his death. Medini opened a yeshiva in Beit Romano and completed the writing of a large Talmudic encyclopedia, \"Sdei Chemed\".",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 26,
"text": "In 1907, as the city developed economically and the Zionist Organization became active, the Eretz Israel Workers' Association (Poale Zion) established its fourth branch in Hebron. In 1911, the Chabad yeshiva \"Torat Emet\" was founded there. Blueprints were drawn up to build housing and a hotel, but the plan never materialized.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 27,
"text": "In July 1914, the Jewish population numbered 1,500. When World War I erupted, the Ottomans expelled many Hebron Jews with foreign citizenship and \"Torat Emet\" closed down. Those who remained faced conscription.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 28,
"text": "In December 1917, Hebron was captured by the British.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 29,
"text": "In the summer of 1924, ten students from the Slobodka yeshiva in Jerusalem established another branch of the yeshiva in Hebron headed by Rabbi Sarna. Zionist leader Menachem Ussishkin was a supporter of the yeshiva with an eye to strengthening Jewish settlement in Hebron. By the summer of 1925, enrollment was up to 120. The yeshiva attracted Jewish newcomers to the city and served as an important source of income for the local Arabs, from whom the students rented apartments and purchased goods. Friendly relations developed between the Jews and Arabs, who invited each other to family celebrations.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 30,
"text": "In 1927, the Ashkenazi and Sephardic communities formed the General Committee for the United Hebrew Community in Hebron. Rabbi Meir Shmuel Kashmir and Rabbi Yaakov Yosef Slonim served as chairmen.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 31,
"text": "On August 24, 1929, Arabs from Hebron attacked and murdered 59 of their Jewish neighbors, with eight more dying later of their injuries. 44 were seriously injured and 21 others survived with light injuries. The victims were buried in four rows in Hebron's ancient Jewish cemetery. A separate grave was dug for severed limbs, soil, blood-soaked clothes, and items removed from Jewish homes.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 32,
"text": "Three days after the massacre, the British authorities ordered all Jews to leave Hebron. Knesset Israel, now known as \"Hebron Yeshiva,\" was moved to Jerusalem. Jewish properties and homes were looted by rioters. The Hadassah building became an Arab girls' school, the Abraham Avinu synagogue was destroyed and used as a goat pen, and the Jewish cemetery was vandalized and desecrated.",
"title": "History"
}
] | The history of the Jews in Hebron refers to the residence of Jews in Hebron almost continuously, from Biblical times until today. According to the Bible, Abraham settled in Hebron and purchased the Cave of the Patriarchs as a burial place for his wife Sarah. The biblical tradition asserts that the cave is the final resting site for Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and their wives—Sarah, Rebecca, and Leah. Hebron is also mentioned as David's first capital, where he was anointed king of Israel. Archaeological findings from Hezekiah's time indicate Hebron's importance in the Kingdom of Judah. During the Second Temple period, Hebron, initially Edomite, underwent a significant shift as its population embraced Judaism under Hasmonean rule. The city was destroyed during the Jewish–Roman wars. In the 16th century, under Ottoman rule, Jews from Spain established a community in Hebron and built the Abraham Avinu Synagogue. In the 19th century, the community expanded to include Ashkenazi Jews. In the summer of 1929, local Muslims carried out a massacre of the Jews of Hebron. With the outbreak of the Arab Revolt in 1936, the last Jews left the city, with only one family remaining. Shortly after the Six-Day War, Jewish settlement in the city was renewed, along with the establishment of Kiryat Arba nearby. The presence of a Jewish neighborhood in Hebron was explicitly set out in the Hebron Accord, jointly signed by Israel and the Palestinians. At present, this is the only Jewish community located inside a Palestinian city. Today, some 1,100 Jews live in Hebron, including 350 students of the Yeshivat Shavei Hebron, all in the H2 area under Israeli control. Approximately 40,000 Palestinians also live in the H2 area (in addition to 215,000 in H1, the Palestinian part of Hebron. | 2023-12-15T10:11:59Z | 2023-12-26T15:05:18Z | [
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75,570,133 | Old Cork Homestead | The Old Cork Homestead is a vintage sandstone homestead in the Winton Shire, 126km south-west of Winton, Queensland Australia. The property was built between 1880 and 1885 with local sandstone and timber imported from south east Queensland.
Cork Station was one of the first substantial properties established following the proclamation of the North Gregory pastoral district in 1873. Old Cork Station is significant for its association with Sir Thomas McIlwraith, who was Premier of Queensland on three occasions.
References to the Old Cork Station can be found in folk music by the Australian band Redgum. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Old Cork Homestead is a vintage sandstone homestead in the Winton Shire, 126km south-west of Winton, Queensland Australia. The property was built between 1880 and 1885 with local sandstone and timber imported from south east Queensland.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Cork Station was one of the first substantial properties established following the proclamation of the North Gregory pastoral district in 1873. Old Cork Station is significant for its association with Sir Thomas McIlwraith, who was Premier of Queensland on three occasions.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "References to the Old Cork Station can be found in folk music by the Australian band Redgum.",
"title": ""
}
] | The Old Cork Homestead is a vintage sandstone homestead in the Winton Shire, 126km south-west of Winton, Queensland Australia. The property was built between 1880 and 1885 with local sandstone and timber imported from south east Queensland. Cork Station was one of the first substantial properties established following the proclamation of the North Gregory pastoral district in 1873. Old Cork Station is significant for its association with Sir Thomas McIlwraith, who was Premier of Queensland on three occasions. References to the Old Cork Station can be found in folk music by the Australian band Redgum. | 2023-12-15T10:17:21Z | 2023-12-31T04:00:01Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Cork_Homestead |
75,570,151 | 2024 GT America Series | The 2023 GT America Series will be the fourth season of the SRO Motorsports Group's GT America Series, an auto racing series for grand tourer cars. The races will be contested with GT2-spec, GT3-spec and GT4-spec cars. The season will begin on April 5 at Sonoma Raceway and end on October 6 at Indianapolis.
The initial calendar was revealed during the 2023 24 Hours of Spa featuring eight rounds. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2023 GT America Series will be the fourth season of the SRO Motorsports Group's GT America Series, an auto racing series for grand tourer cars. The races will be contested with GT2-spec, GT3-spec and GT4-spec cars. The season will begin on April 5 at Sonoma Raceway and end on October 6 at Indianapolis.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The initial calendar was revealed during the 2023 24 Hours of Spa featuring eight rounds.",
"title": "Calendar"
}
] | The 2023 GT America Series will be the fourth season of the SRO Motorsports Group's GT America Series, an auto racing series for grand tourer cars. The races will be contested with GT2-spec, GT3-spec and GT4-spec cars. The season will begin on April 5 at Sonoma Raceway and end on October 6 at Indianapolis. | 2023-12-15T10:21:06Z | 2023-12-31T00:01:09Z | [
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75,570,169 | Open Software in the Military Industry | Open software in the military industry refers to the use of open-source software (OSS) applications, frameworks, and tools in various military contexts. This approach contrasts with traditional proprietary software, offering unique advantages like cost-effectiveness, flexibility, and collaborative development but also bringing such challenges as security breaches and reliability. Also, US military sees the pressure from the ongoing wars across the globe and challenges on behalf of authoritarian regimes, that pushes US Army to boost their technological advance, that leads to using more broadly of open source software.
The use of open software in the military industry has been influenced by the broader acceptation of open-source software. Initially it gained criticism but also innovation, cost reduction, and thus it became more popular.
In 2003, The U.S. Department of Defense has officially authorized the use of open-source software, provided it meets departmental policies and security standards, according to a policy memo by John P. Stenbit. This decision was praised by open-source advocate Tony Stanco.
Open software has significantly impacted military technology. It has been instrumental in developing command and control systems, cybersecurity measures, and simulation and training software. The adaptability of open software allows for rapid modification and customization, which is crucial in the dynamic military context. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Open software in the military industry refers to the use of open-source software (OSS) applications, frameworks, and tools in various military contexts. This approach contrasts with traditional proprietary software, offering unique advantages like cost-effectiveness, flexibility, and collaborative development but also bringing such challenges as security breaches and reliability. Also, US military sees the pressure from the ongoing wars across the globe and challenges on behalf of authoritarian regimes, that pushes US Army to boost their technological advance, that leads to using more broadly of open source software.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The use of open software in the military industry has been influenced by the broader acceptation of open-source software. Initially it gained criticism but also innovation, cost reduction, and thus it became more popular.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 2003, The U.S. Department of Defense has officially authorized the use of open-source software, provided it meets departmental policies and security standards, according to a policy memo by John P. Stenbit. This decision was praised by open-source advocate Tony Stanco.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Open software has significantly impacted military technology. It has been instrumental in developing command and control systems, cybersecurity measures, and simulation and training software. The adaptability of open software allows for rapid modification and customization, which is crucial in the dynamic military context.",
"title": "Impact on Military Technology"
}
] | Open software in the military industry refers to the use of open-source software (OSS) applications, frameworks, and tools in various military contexts. This approach contrasts with traditional proprietary software, offering unique advantages like cost-effectiveness, flexibility, and collaborative development but also bringing such challenges as security breaches and reliability. Also, US military sees the pressure from the ongoing wars across the globe and challenges on behalf of authoritarian regimes, that pushes US Army to boost their technological advance, that leads to using more broadly of open source software. | 2023-12-15T10:25:14Z | 2023-12-26T16:49:10Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Software_in_the_Military_Industry |
75,570,229 | Malaysia Sulu case | The Malaysia Sulu case refers to an arbitration case which involving the heirs of the Sultanate of Sulu and the government of Malaysia in the Spanish and later French court system.
The North Borneo dispute arises from an agreement between the now defunct Sultanate of Sulu and the British North Borneo Company in 1878. Under the agreement the Sulu Sultanate gave control of lands in North Borneo and the British are to pay for them a fee annually.
Malaysia after its formation in 1963, would pay the heirs of the Sulu Sultanate a token fee annually until the 2013 Lahad Datu standoff. Heirs, who insist they are not involved with the standoff, sought arbitration over the stoppage of the payment.
The Sulu heirs started the ad hoc arbitration process regarding the 1878 agreement in Spain on 30 July 2019. Malaysia did not consent on being part of the arbitration process insisting that the proper venue to resolve the dispute is within its legal system.
Gonzalo Stampa would be the arbitrator of the case. On 25 May 2020, Stampa would grant a partial award to the Sulu heirs. This would be stopped by the Madrid High Court in June 2021 which annulled Stampa's appointment due to failure to properly notify Malaysia, who had no official representation, about the case.
The arbitration would be moved by Stampa to a court in Paris. In February 2022, Stampa now hearing the case in the French legal system would rule that Malaysia owes the Sulu heirs $14.92 billion.
Malaysia would obtain a favorable ruling from the Court of Appeal of Paris on 6 July 2023 which concluded that court which granted award to the Sulu heirs has no jurisdiction to hear the case in the first place. It also obtained a stay order to prevent the enforcement of the final award in the French court system the month prior.
Nevertheless th Sulu heirs would pursue the award ruling's enforcement. They made failed bids to acquire Malaysian assets in France, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg.
Sulu case arbitrator Gonzalo Stampa would face criminal charge for "unqualified professional practice" in December 2023.
According to the Malaysian government, the following are the heirs involved in the Sulu case which it says to be Filipino citizens:
Malaysia has viewed the move by the Sulu heirs as a violation of its sovereignty by seeking arbitration in foreign courts without its consent. Sampa and the Sulu heirs has been criticized for forum shopping.
In mid-2023, Malaysian parliament member Khlir Mohd Nor, who believe that the Philippine government is involved in the 2013 Lahad Datu standoff also alleges that the Philippine government is involved in the Sulu case. Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim who had met with Philippine President Bongbong Marcos said that the Philippine government is not involved in the Sulu case and iterated Malaysian policy of not entertaining claims on the sovereignty over Sabah. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Malaysia Sulu case refers to an arbitration case which involving the heirs of the Sultanate of Sulu and the government of Malaysia in the Spanish and later French court system.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The North Borneo dispute arises from an agreement between the now defunct Sultanate of Sulu and the British North Borneo Company in 1878. Under the agreement the Sulu Sultanate gave control of lands in North Borneo and the British are to pay for them a fee annually.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Malaysia after its formation in 1963, would pay the heirs of the Sulu Sultanate a token fee annually until the 2013 Lahad Datu standoff. Heirs, who insist they are not involved with the standoff, sought arbitration over the stoppage of the payment.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The Sulu heirs started the ad hoc arbitration process regarding the 1878 agreement in Spain on 30 July 2019. Malaysia did not consent on being part of the arbitration process insisting that the proper venue to resolve the dispute is within its legal system.",
"title": "Case history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Gonzalo Stampa would be the arbitrator of the case. On 25 May 2020, Stampa would grant a partial award to the Sulu heirs. This would be stopped by the Madrid High Court in June 2021 which annulled Stampa's appointment due to failure to properly notify Malaysia, who had no official representation, about the case.",
"title": "Case history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The arbitration would be moved by Stampa to a court in Paris. In February 2022, Stampa now hearing the case in the French legal system would rule that Malaysia owes the Sulu heirs $14.92 billion.",
"title": "Case history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Malaysia would obtain a favorable ruling from the Court of Appeal of Paris on 6 July 2023 which concluded that court which granted award to the Sulu heirs has no jurisdiction to hear the case in the first place. It also obtained a stay order to prevent the enforcement of the final award in the French court system the month prior.",
"title": "Case history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Nevertheless th Sulu heirs would pursue the award ruling's enforcement. They made failed bids to acquire Malaysian assets in France, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg.",
"title": "Case history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Sulu case arbitrator Gonzalo Stampa would face criminal charge for \"unqualified professional practice\" in December 2023.",
"title": "Case history"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "According to the Malaysian government, the following are the heirs involved in the Sulu case which it says to be Filipino citizens:",
"title": "Claimants"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Malaysia has viewed the move by the Sulu heirs as a violation of its sovereignty by seeking arbitration in foreign courts without its consent. Sampa and the Sulu heirs has been criticized for forum shopping.",
"title": "Reactions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "In mid-2023, Malaysian parliament member Khlir Mohd Nor, who believe that the Philippine government is involved in the 2013 Lahad Datu standoff also alleges that the Philippine government is involved in the Sulu case. Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim who had met with Philippine President Bongbong Marcos said that the Philippine government is not involved in the Sulu case and iterated Malaysian policy of not entertaining claims on the sovereignty over Sabah.",
"title": "Reactions"
}
] | The Malaysia Sulu case refers to an arbitration case which involving the heirs of the Sultanate of Sulu and the government of Malaysia in the Spanish and later French court system. | 2023-12-15T10:41:32Z | 2023-12-19T04:07:27Z | [
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75,570,265 | My Dear, Curse-Casting Vampiress | My Dear, Curse-Casting Vampiress (Japanese: 僕の呪いの吸血姫, Hepburn: Boku no Noroi no Kyūketsuki) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Chisaki Kanai. It has been serialized in Square Enix's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Shōnen Gangan since July 2021.
Written and illustrated by Chisaki Kanai, My Dear, Curse-Casting Vampiress started in Square Enix's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Shōnen Gangan on July 12, 2021. Square Enix has collected its chapters into individual tankōbon volumes. The first volume was released on February 13, 2022.
In November 2022, Yen Press announced that they had licensed the manga for English release in North America. The first volume was released on May 23, 2023. Square Enix started publishing the series' chapters in English on its Manga Up! global service in July 2023. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "My Dear, Curse-Casting Vampiress (Japanese: 僕の呪いの吸血姫, Hepburn: Boku no Noroi no Kyūketsuki) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Chisaki Kanai. It has been serialized in Square Enix's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Shōnen Gangan since July 2021.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Written and illustrated by Chisaki Kanai, My Dear, Curse-Casting Vampiress started in Square Enix's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Shōnen Gangan on July 12, 2021. Square Enix has collected its chapters into individual tankōbon volumes. The first volume was released on February 13, 2022.",
"title": "Publication"
},
{
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"text": "In November 2022, Yen Press announced that they had licensed the manga for English release in North America. The first volume was released on May 23, 2023. Square Enix started publishing the series' chapters in English on its Manga Up! global service in July 2023.",
"title": "Publication"
}
] | My Dear, Curse-Casting Vampiress is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Chisaki Kanai. It has been serialized in Square Enix's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Shōnen Gangan since July 2021. | 2023-12-15T10:49:23Z | 2023-12-16T00:21:13Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Dear,_Curse-Casting_Vampiress |
75,570,268 | List of double centuries scored on first-class cricket debut | In cricket, a century is a score of 100 or more runs in a single innings by a batsman. Scores of more than 200 runs are still statistically counted as a century, although these scores are referred to as double century (200–299 runs). A double century is regarded as a landmark score for batsmen and a player's number of double centuries are generally recorded in their career statistics. First-class cricket, the longest version of the game after Test cricket, involves two innings per side in a match and scheduled to last for up to three or more days. An individual scoring a double century on his first-class debut is considered a notable achievement by critics.
The first player to score a double century on first-class debut is English batsman Tom Marsden, who scored 227 runs in the second innings. He achieved the feat on 26 July 1826, while playing for Sheffield & Leicester, against Nottingham during the 1826 English cricket season. English batter David Sales made 210 runs in the third innings, while playing for Northamptonshire on 27 July 1996, against Worcestershire during the 1996 County Championship. He did this at the age of 18 years 234 days, becoming the youngest player to score a double hundred on first-class debut, and also in the County Championship. Sakibul Gani of Bihar claimed the highest individual score in an innings on first-class debut till date, scoring 341 runs against Mizoram, on 18 February 2023, during the 2022–23 Ranji Trophy. With this, he also became the first cricketer to hit a triple century on first-class debut. Hanif Kunrai of Kunar Province scored 200 runs off 189 balls, recording the fastest double century in an innings on first-class debut. He set the record on 17 February 2023, while playing against Kandahar Province, during the 2018–19 Mirwais Nika Provincial 3-Day. The highest unbeaten score on first-class debut till date is 267, which has been achieved by Ajay Rohera of Madhya Pradesh in December 2018, against Hyderabad. Indian batsman Gundappa Viswanath made 230 runs on his first-class debut, for Mysore against Andhra in the1967–68 Ranji Trophy. He also scored 137 runs on his Test debut, against Australia, on 20 November 1969. With this, he became the first and only cricketer to score a double century on first-class debut as well as a century on Test debut.
The feat has been accomplished by 25 players on 25 occasions as of December 2023. No batter has been able to score a double hundred in both innings on first-class debut so far. Mike Powell's score of 200* for Glamorgan against Oxford University, in June 1997, is the first and only instance of a player achieving the landmark on a losing cause. 13 players from India have reached the milestone so far, the most for any country in the history. | [
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"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The first player to score a double century on first-class debut is English batsman Tom Marsden, who scored 227 runs in the second innings. He achieved the feat on 26 July 1826, while playing for Sheffield & Leicester, against Nottingham during the 1826 English cricket season. English batter David Sales made 210 runs in the third innings, while playing for Northamptonshire on 27 July 1996, against Worcestershire during the 1996 County Championship. He did this at the age of 18 years 234 days, becoming the youngest player to score a double hundred on first-class debut, and also in the County Championship. Sakibul Gani of Bihar claimed the highest individual score in an innings on first-class debut till date, scoring 341 runs against Mizoram, on 18 February 2023, during the 2022–23 Ranji Trophy. With this, he also became the first cricketer to hit a triple century on first-class debut. Hanif Kunrai of Kunar Province scored 200 runs off 189 balls, recording the fastest double century in an innings on first-class debut. He set the record on 17 February 2023, while playing against Kandahar Province, during the 2018–19 Mirwais Nika Provincial 3-Day. The highest unbeaten score on first-class debut till date is 267, which has been achieved by Ajay Rohera of Madhya Pradesh in December 2018, against Hyderabad. Indian batsman Gundappa Viswanath made 230 runs on his first-class debut, for Mysore against Andhra in the1967–68 Ranji Trophy. He also scored 137 runs on his Test debut, against Australia, on 20 November 1969. With this, he became the first and only cricketer to score a double century on first-class debut as well as a century on Test debut.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The feat has been accomplished by 25 players on 25 occasions as of December 2023. No batter has been able to score a double hundred in both innings on first-class debut so far. Mike Powell's score of 200* for Glamorgan against Oxford University, in June 1997, is the first and only instance of a player achieving the landmark on a losing cause. 13 players from India have reached the milestone so far, the most for any country in the history.",
"title": ""
}
] | In cricket, a century is a score of 100 or more runs in a single innings by a batsman. Scores of more than 200 runs are still statistically counted as a century, although these scores are referred to as double century. A double century is regarded as a landmark score for batsmen and a player's number of double centuries are generally recorded in their career statistics. First-class cricket, the longest version of the game after Test cricket, involves two innings per side in a match and scheduled to last for up to three or more days. An individual scoring a double century on his first-class debut is considered a notable achievement by critics. The first player to score a double century on first-class debut is English batsman Tom Marsden, who scored 227 runs in the second innings. He achieved the feat on 26 July 1826, while playing for Sheffield & Leicester, against Nottingham during the 1826 English cricket season. English batter David Sales made 210 runs in the third innings, while playing for Northamptonshire on 27 July 1996, against Worcestershire during the 1996 County Championship. He did this at the age of 18 years 234 days, becoming the youngest player to score a double hundred on first-class debut, and also in the County Championship. Sakibul Gani of Bihar claimed the highest individual score in an innings on first-class debut till date, scoring 341 runs against Mizoram, on 18 February 2023, during the 2022–23 Ranji Trophy. With this, he also became the first cricketer to hit a triple century on first-class debut. Hanif Kunrai of Kunar Province scored 200 runs off 189 balls, recording the fastest double century in an innings on first-class debut. He set the record on 17 February 2023, while playing against Kandahar Province, during the 2018–19 Mirwais Nika Provincial 3-Day. The highest unbeaten score on first-class debut till date is 267, which has been achieved by Ajay Rohera of Madhya Pradesh in December 2018, against Hyderabad. Indian batsman Gundappa Viswanath made 230 runs on his first-class debut, for Mysore against Andhra in the1967–68 Ranji Trophy. He also scored 137 runs on his Test debut, against Australia, on 20 November 1969. With this, he became the first and only cricketer to score a double century on first-class debut as well as a century on Test debut. The feat has been accomplished by 25 players on 25 occasions as of December 2023. No batter has been able to score a double hundred in both innings on first-class debut so far. Mike Powell's score of 200* for Glamorgan against Oxford University, in June 1997, is the first and only instance of a player achieving the landmark on a losing cause. 13 players from India have reached the milestone so far, the most for any country in the history. | 2023-12-15T10:50:03Z | 2023-12-22T21:43:35Z | [
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75,570,291 | BnF Latin 7478 | Latin 7478 (former shelfmark Gaignières 73) is a medieval astronomical manuscript preserved as a part of the Latin collection in Bibliothèque nationale de France. It is an elaborated and amended version of John of Gmunden’s Kalendarium (Calendar), a widespread cyclic calendar used to get reliable syzygy times for liturgical and astrological purposes.. One of the key features of this manuscript is its codicological format: in contrast to the traditional codex, organised in quires, Latin 7478 is composed of individual folded leaves attached together, which are to be unfolded and read from the outer edge to the stub. This type of codex has received the name of “bat-book” by Johan Peter Gumbert.
The term “bat-book”, proposed by Johan Peter Gumbert in 2016, is used to describe a codex due to its specific codicological structure: while typical manuscript, like modern books, are bound in quires, “bat-books” are composed of individual folded leaves attached together, which are to be unfolded and read from the outer edge to the stub. The first evidence of “bat-books” are found in the XIII century and are not dedicated specifically to the astronomical subjects: some of the early “bat-book” examples contain texts of medical, theological or philosophical nature. They have most likely been produced to face the needs of a traveler of any profession. However, due to its difficult production and high fragility, this type of codices hasn’t gained popularity and has been replaced by easier-to-make pocket books. By the XIV and XV centuries, the main type of content for which “bat-books” were still produced were calendars. They provided instructions for calculating the golden number or the date of Easter) or almanachs containing tables for astrological computation. This manuscript falls in both of those categories.
Latin 7478 consists of 17 folded leaves, perhaps previously attached to the tabs, but throughout the manuscript conservation it has obtained a new binding more like a traditional codex. It follows the pattern similar to what Johan Peter Gumbert calls H6r pattern: with the leaves opening on the top as well, then the first compartment unfolding the right, and only the last one on the left. Latin 7478 has been copied by Paul of Kignin (could be also read as Szignin), whose autograph is found on folio 15, alongside with the supposed date of the manuscript production: 1456. The identity of the scribe remains to be investigated. However, some of the scholars presume that at least two people have been involved in the production of Latin 7478: a rather skilled almanac-maker, able to abbreviate diagrams and tables with a minimal loss of information, and a less experienced scribe, able to adapt 19-years cycles to a required date, lacking the knowledge to perform this procedure without distorting the time of syzygies.
Latin 7478 follows the content pattern which is common for XV-century “bat-books” – a 76-years lunations calendar accompanied by some astronomical and astrological calculations. The basis behind Latin 7478 is Kalendarium by John of Gmunden (ca 1380/84 – 1442), an Austrian astronomer, mathematician and instrument maker. The similar content can be found in other BnF manuscripts, such as NAL 375 and NAL 482. One of the other prevalent choices for so-called “Continental almanacs” throughout the late medieval period was Peter of Dacia’s Kalendarium. In the XV century John Somer and Nicholas of Lynn developed what is known as “English almanacs”.
The first folded folio (fol. 1) of Latin 7478 contains a circular diagram dividing the years into 19-year cycles accompanied by the canon entitled “Ad sciendum per kalendarium sequens tempus conjunctionum et oppositionum solis cum lune <...>” . This diagram is intended to find out the golden number of each of the listed years (from 1456 to 1533). A canon serves as an explanation to the use of a diagram and of a calendar for finding luminaries’ mean conjunctions and oppositions in each of the above mentioned years. If there were two scribes involved in the production of the manuscript, this part was probably copied by the less experienced one. This can be seen on folio 1r, as some of the copied numbers do not correspond exactly with the mentioned years. On folios 2–13 the Kalendarium itself is found. Each folded folio is dedicated to a month of the year and depicts dates and times of mean conjunctions and oppositions for each 19-year cycle (in relation to the year’s golden number). It features the following calendric data such as the Golden Number, Sunday Letter, Roman date and number of the day, alongside some additional qualifications related to the cycle like liturgical feasts, astronomical and astrological information. Finally, an additional section focuses on topics such as the sun longitude, the lunar letter (which serves for the calculation of the moon longitude), length of the day, sunrise and sunset exact time.
Folio 14 contains a short canon and a respective equation table of the lunar zodiacal position at any time of a 19-year cycle with the use of a golden number and a lunar letter. In addition, the astrological aphorisms attributed to Regimen sanitatis Salernitanum (The flower of medecine a didactic poem in the subject of medicine) can be found at the same folded folio. This reflects the production of astro-medical compendium for traveling physicians, which follows a larger medieval tradition of using astrological knowledge to calculate the ideal time for surgical procedures or to predict the days of potential crises during the course of the illness. Such physician’s almanacs were often produced in the forms of “bat-books” and sometimes contained purely medical texts and illustrations alongside the astronomical tables (an example of such almanac is the British Library manuscript Harley MS 3812)
This section is representative of the growing trend (starting late 13th-early 14th century) to enhance the traditional kalendarium format with the more advanced prediction methods using the astronomical tables.
Folio 17 of Latin 7478 contains a diagram combining a didactic cosmographical system (represented in the form of concentric circles, one for each of the four elements) and a small geographical mappa mundi (a term used for medieval European map of the world). This mappa mundi is of particular interest to contemporary scholars due to its high level of geographical precision in comparison to other similar medieval examples. The map in Latin 7478 shows a rather realistic depiction of the Mediterranean and North sees, (The following region are labeled: “Francia” (France), “Spania” (Spain), “Italia” (Italy), “Turchia” (Turkey), “Caucasia” (Caucasus) or “Egyptus” (Egypt), and in central Europe “Polonia” (Poland), “Ungaria” (Hungary), “Scla[via]” (region inhabited by the slavs), “Alba” (Albania).
The manuscript's table of contents is as follows: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Latin 7478 (former shelfmark Gaignières 73) is a medieval astronomical manuscript preserved as a part of the Latin collection in Bibliothèque nationale de France. It is an elaborated and amended version of John of Gmunden’s Kalendarium (Calendar), a widespread cyclic calendar used to get reliable syzygy times for liturgical and astrological purposes.. One of the key features of this manuscript is its codicological format: in contrast to the traditional codex, organised in quires, Latin 7478 is composed of individual folded leaves attached together, which are to be unfolded and read from the outer edge to the stub. This type of codex has received the name of “bat-book” by Johan Peter Gumbert.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The term “bat-book”, proposed by Johan Peter Gumbert in 2016, is used to describe a codex due to its specific codicological structure: while typical manuscript, like modern books, are bound in quires, “bat-books” are composed of individual folded leaves attached together, which are to be unfolded and read from the outer edge to the stub. The first evidence of “bat-books” are found in the XIII century and are not dedicated specifically to the astronomical subjects: some of the early “bat-book” examples contain texts of medical, theological or philosophical nature. They have most likely been produced to face the needs of a traveler of any profession. However, due to its difficult production and high fragility, this type of codices hasn’t gained popularity and has been replaced by easier-to-make pocket books. By the XIV and XV centuries, the main type of content for which “bat-books” were still produced were calendars. They provided instructions for calculating the golden number or the date of Easter) or almanachs containing tables for astrological computation. This manuscript falls in both of those categories.",
"title": "The history of “bat-books”"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Latin 7478 consists of 17 folded leaves, perhaps previously attached to the tabs, but throughout the manuscript conservation it has obtained a new binding more like a traditional codex. It follows the pattern similar to what Johan Peter Gumbert calls H6r pattern: with the leaves opening on the top as well, then the first compartment unfolding the right, and only the last one on the left. Latin 7478 has been copied by Paul of Kignin (could be also read as Szignin), whose autograph is found on folio 15, alongside with the supposed date of the manuscript production: 1456. The identity of the scribe remains to be investigated. However, some of the scholars presume that at least two people have been involved in the production of Latin 7478: a rather skilled almanac-maker, able to abbreviate diagrams and tables with a minimal loss of information, and a less experienced scribe, able to adapt 19-years cycles to a required date, lacking the knowledge to perform this procedure without distorting the time of syzygies.",
"title": "Codicology and palaeography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Latin 7478 follows the content pattern which is common for XV-century “bat-books” – a 76-years lunations calendar accompanied by some astronomical and astrological calculations. The basis behind Latin 7478 is Kalendarium by John of Gmunden (ca 1380/84 – 1442), an Austrian astronomer, mathematician and instrument maker. The similar content can be found in other BnF manuscripts, such as NAL 375 and NAL 482. One of the other prevalent choices for so-called “Continental almanacs” throughout the late medieval period was Peter of Dacia’s Kalendarium. In the XV century John Somer and Nicholas of Lynn developed what is known as “English almanacs”.",
"title": "Content"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The first folded folio (fol. 1) of Latin 7478 contains a circular diagram dividing the years into 19-year cycles accompanied by the canon entitled “Ad sciendum per kalendarium sequens tempus conjunctionum et oppositionum solis cum lune <...>” . This diagram is intended to find out the golden number of each of the listed years (from 1456 to 1533). A canon serves as an explanation to the use of a diagram and of a calendar for finding luminaries’ mean conjunctions and oppositions in each of the above mentioned years. If there were two scribes involved in the production of the manuscript, this part was probably copied by the less experienced one. This can be seen on folio 1r, as some of the copied numbers do not correspond exactly with the mentioned years. On folios 2–13 the Kalendarium itself is found. Each folded folio is dedicated to a month of the year and depicts dates and times of mean conjunctions and oppositions for each 19-year cycle (in relation to the year’s golden number). It features the following calendric data such as the Golden Number, Sunday Letter, Roman date and number of the day, alongside some additional qualifications related to the cycle like liturgical feasts, astronomical and astrological information. Finally, an additional section focuses on topics such as the sun longitude, the lunar letter (which serves for the calculation of the moon longitude), length of the day, sunrise and sunset exact time.",
"title": "Kalendarium"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Folio 14 contains a short canon and a respective equation table of the lunar zodiacal position at any time of a 19-year cycle with the use of a golden number and a lunar letter. In addition, the astrological aphorisms attributed to Regimen sanitatis Salernitanum (The flower of medecine a didactic poem in the subject of medicine) can be found at the same folded folio. This reflects the production of astro-medical compendium for traveling physicians, which follows a larger medieval tradition of using astrological knowledge to calculate the ideal time for surgical procedures or to predict the days of potential crises during the course of the illness. Such physician’s almanacs were often produced in the forms of “bat-books” and sometimes contained purely medical texts and illustrations alongside the astronomical tables (an example of such almanac is the British Library manuscript Harley MS 3812)",
"title": "Kalendarium"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "This section is representative of the growing trend (starting late 13th-early 14th century) to enhance the traditional kalendarium format with the more advanced prediction methods using the astronomical tables.",
"title": "Liturgical calculations"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Folio 17 of Latin 7478 contains a diagram combining a didactic cosmographical system (represented in the form of concentric circles, one for each of the four elements) and a small geographical mappa mundi (a term used for medieval European map of the world). This mappa mundi is of particular interest to contemporary scholars due to its high level of geographical precision in comparison to other similar medieval examples. The map in Latin 7478 shows a rather realistic depiction of the Mediterranean and North sees, (The following region are labeled: “Francia” (France), “Spania” (Spain), “Italia” (Italy), “Turchia” (Turkey), “Caucasia” (Caucasus) or “Egyptus” (Egypt), and in central Europe “Polonia” (Poland), “Ungaria” (Hungary), “Scla[via]” (region inhabited by the slavs), “Alba” (Albania).",
"title": "Mappa mundi"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The manuscript's table of contents is as follows:",
"title": "Table of contents"
}
] | Comment: Very notable and well sourced, thank you Ozzie10aaaa (talk) 16:26, 28 December 2023 (UTC) Comment: Thank you so much for the interesting submission! This looks good overall, but I'd like to see more in-line citations, particularly in the sections "Kalendarium," "Liturgical calculations," and "Mappa mundi". I am eager for you to resubmit the article. Feel free to leave a note on my talk page if you have any questions. Thanks! Crunchydillpickle🥒 (talk) 17:53, 15 December 2023 (UTC) Latin 7478 is a medieval astronomical manuscript preserved as a part of the Latin collection in Bibliothèque nationale de France. It is an elaborated and amended version of John of Gmunden’s Kalendarium (Calendar), a widespread cyclic calendar used to get reliable syzygy times for liturgical and astrological purposes.. One of the key features of this manuscript is its codicological format: in contrast to the traditional codex, organised in quires, Latin 7478 is composed of individual folded leaves attached together, which are to be unfolded and read from the outer edge to the stub. This type of codex has received the name of “bat-book” by Johan Peter Gumbert. | 2023-12-15T10:53:53Z | 2023-12-28T16:49:50Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BnF_Latin_7478 |
75,570,295 | Chotzner | Chotzner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Chotzner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:",
"title": ""
}
] | Chotzner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Alfred Chotzner (1873–1958), British judge and Conservative politician
Joseph Chotzner (1844–1914), first rabbi of the Jewish community in Belfast, Ireland | 2023-12-15T10:54:56Z | 2023-12-16T07:30:11Z | [
"Template:Surname"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chotzner |
75,570,310 | Sheila Rabe | [] | REDIRECT [Sheila Roberts]] | 2023-12-15T10:57:51Z | 2023-12-15T10:57:51Z | [] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheila_Rabe |
|
75,570,369 | 2023 United States Congress hearing on antisemitism | On December 5, 2023, the United States House Committee on Education held a hearing on antisemitism, in which the presidents of Harvard University, the University of Pennsylvania, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology were called to testify.
In the widely televised hearing, the presidents answered questions about their schools’ policies, including those on antisemitism. The following week, UPenn’s president Magill submitted her resignation, partly in response to backlash resulting from the hearing.
Following the October 7, 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel, there were multiple anti-Israel protests at university campuses in the United States, which supporters of Israel allege to have had antisemitic undertones. Many universities were criticized for supposedly failing to adequately condemn the Hamas attacks and ensuing alleged antisemitic rhetoric, including UPenn and Harvard.
The House Education and Workforce Committee invited the presidents of four major universities to testify about antisemitism on their campuses. Those able to attend included Liz Magill of the University of Pennsylvania, Claudine Gay of Harvard University, and Sally Kornbluth of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It was later reported that at least one other university president, Minouche Shafik, President of Columbia University, was invited to testify before the committee, but declined, citing a "scheduling conflict." The presidents were joined by Pamela Nadell, professor of History at American University.
Chairwoman of the House Education Committee Virginia Foxx (R-NC), led the congressional hearing on December 5th and noted that the rise of antisemitism on college campuses is disturbing and threatening to Jewish students, faculty, and staff. The presidents were each asked whether "calling for the genocide of Jews" violated their rules of bullying and harassment. During the hearing when Kornbluth, who is Jewish, said she had not heard any calls for genocide, Rep. Elise Stefanik claimed that chants of "Intifada" (Arabic) may be considered a "call for the genocide" of Jewish people. Each president replied that the answer at their institution depended on context.
In a specific exchange, Rep. Stafinak asked the Harvard president, Dr. Gay: "At Harvard, does calling for the genocide of Jews violate Harvard's rules of bullying and harassment, yes or no?", Gay answered, "It can be, depending on the context."
Gay's and the other presidents' responses drew widespread criticism, as they were considered evasive. Gay later released a statement noting that some “have confused a right to free expression with the idea that Harvard will condone calls for violence against Jewish students.”
The backlash also led to a coordinated call by 70 Congressional Representatives for the University presidents to resign. UPenn president, Magill, who had already been under pressure in October over the university's initial response, resigned four days after the hearing.
The White House spokesman, Andrew Bates said that “It’s unbelievable that this needs to be said: Calls for genocide are monstrous and antithetical to everything we represent as a country.” Josh Shapiro, the Democratic governor of Pennsylvania, said he found the responses by Elizabeth Magill, Penn’s president, “unacceptable.”
Will Creeley, legal director at the Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression, noted that though the university presidents' answers were "legally correct", it was frustrating “to see them discover free speech scruples while under fire at a congressional hearing,” rather than in a more principled way.
The hearing was portrayed in the cold open of the December 9 episode of Saturday Night Live Season 49, in which Chloe Troast played Stefanik. It was also satirized in an episode of the Israeli comedy show Eretz Nehederet, with a guest appearance from American comedian Michael Rapaport. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "On December 5, 2023, the United States House Committee on Education held a hearing on antisemitism, in which the presidents of Harvard University, the University of Pennsylvania, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology were called to testify.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In the widely televised hearing, the presidents answered questions about their schools’ policies, including those on antisemitism. The following week, UPenn’s president Magill submitted her resignation, partly in response to backlash resulting from the hearing.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Following the October 7, 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel, there were multiple anti-Israel protests at university campuses in the United States, which supporters of Israel allege to have had antisemitic undertones. Many universities were criticized for supposedly failing to adequately condemn the Hamas attacks and ensuing alleged antisemitic rhetoric, including UPenn and Harvard.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The House Education and Workforce Committee invited the presidents of four major universities to testify about antisemitism on their campuses. Those able to attend included Liz Magill of the University of Pennsylvania, Claudine Gay of Harvard University, and Sally Kornbluth of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It was later reported that at least one other university president, Minouche Shafik, President of Columbia University, was invited to testify before the committee, but declined, citing a \"scheduling conflict.\" The presidents were joined by Pamela Nadell, professor of History at American University.",
"title": "Hearing"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Chairwoman of the House Education Committee Virginia Foxx (R-NC), led the congressional hearing on December 5th and noted that the rise of antisemitism on college campuses is disturbing and threatening to Jewish students, faculty, and staff. The presidents were each asked whether \"calling for the genocide of Jews\" violated their rules of bullying and harassment. During the hearing when Kornbluth, who is Jewish, said she had not heard any calls for genocide, Rep. Elise Stefanik claimed that chants of \"Intifada\" (Arabic) may be considered a \"call for the genocide\" of Jewish people. Each president replied that the answer at their institution depended on context.",
"title": "Hearing"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In a specific exchange, Rep. Stafinak asked the Harvard president, Dr. Gay: \"At Harvard, does calling for the genocide of Jews violate Harvard's rules of bullying and harassment, yes or no?\", Gay answered, \"It can be, depending on the context.\"",
"title": "Hearing"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Gay's and the other presidents' responses drew widespread criticism, as they were considered evasive. Gay later released a statement noting that some “have confused a right to free expression with the idea that Harvard will condone calls for violence against Jewish students.”",
"title": "Reactions and further developments"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The backlash also led to a coordinated call by 70 Congressional Representatives for the University presidents to resign. UPenn president, Magill, who had already been under pressure in October over the university's initial response, resigned four days after the hearing.",
"title": "Reactions and further developments"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The White House spokesman, Andrew Bates said that “It’s unbelievable that this needs to be said: Calls for genocide are monstrous and antithetical to everything we represent as a country.” Josh Shapiro, the Democratic governor of Pennsylvania, said he found the responses by Elizabeth Magill, Penn’s president, “unacceptable.”",
"title": "Reactions and further developments"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Will Creeley, legal director at the Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression, noted that though the university presidents' answers were \"legally correct\", it was frustrating “to see them discover free speech scruples while under fire at a congressional hearing,” rather than in a more principled way.",
"title": "Reactions and further developments"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "The hearing was portrayed in the cold open of the December 9 episode of Saturday Night Live Season 49, in which Chloe Troast played Stefanik. It was also satirized in an episode of the Israeli comedy show Eretz Nehederet, with a guest appearance from American comedian Michael Rapaport.",
"title": "In popular culture"
}
] | On December 5, 2023, the United States House Committee on Education held a hearing on antisemitism, in which the presidents of Harvard University, the University of Pennsylvania, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology were called to testify. In the widely televised hearing, the presidents answered questions about their schools’ policies, including those on antisemitism. The following week, UPenn’s president Magill submitted her resignation, partly in response to backlash resulting from the hearing. | 2023-12-15T11:04:39Z | 2023-12-31T04:19:51Z | [
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Use mdy dates",
"Template:Use American English",
"Template:Nbsp"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_United_States_Congress_hearing_on_antisemitism |
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