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Lewis Kimberly | Civil War service | Civil War service
In 1861–62 Kimberly served aboard the frigate in the West Gulf Blockading Squadron, taking part in the Mississippi River operations at Port Hudson, Grand Gulf, and Vicksburg, and receiving promotion to lieutenant commander on July 16, 1862. In 1863–64 he served as the executive officer of the steam sloop , seeing action at the Battle of Mobile Bay, after which he was warmly commended for his gallant and efficient service. After the war, he joined the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. |
Lewis Kimberly | Post-war commands | Post-war commands
From May 1865 Kimberly served aboard the steam frigate , the flagship of the European Squadron, receiving promotion to commander on July 25, 1866, and returning the United States in September 1867. He commanded the receiving ship at New York in 1867–70, then the screw sloop on the Asiatic Station in 1870–72, taking part in the Korean expedition in May–July 1871, serving as the commander of the landing forces. He then commanded the monitor along the east coast in 1873–74.
Kimberly was promoted to captain on October 3, 1874, and commanded the sloop on the South Atlantic Station in 1875–76, and the screw sloop in the Pacific in 1877–78. During the early 1880s Kimberly served at the New York Navy Yard, and was the President of the Examining and Retiring Board in 1883–85, gaining promotion to commodore on September 27, 1884. He was appointed Commandant of the Boston Navy Yard in 1885, and attained the rank of rear admiral on January 26, 1887. He was then appointed the Commander-in-Chief of the Pacific Squadron. In March 1889, during the Samoan crisis, his flagship was struck by a violent cyclone while at harbor at Apia. Guiding his men with the words, "If we go down, let us do so with our flag flying," Kimberly skillfully beached his flagship, losing only one man in the raging storm that wrecked Trenton. Following his return to the United States in January 1890, Kimberly was appointed President of the Board of Inspection and Survey; holding the post until his retirement on April 2, 1892.
Rear Admiral Kimberly died on January 28, 1902, in West Newton, Massachusetts. |
Lewis Kimberly | Namesakes | Namesakes
Two U.S. Navy destroyers have been named USS Kimberly his honor; (1918–1939) and (1943–1967). |
Lewis Kimberly | References | References
Notes
Bibliography
|
Lewis Kimberly | External links | External links
1863 albumen print portrait of Lewis Kimberley, taken by Julius Brill, at the University of Michigan Museum of Art
Category:1838 births
Category:1902 deaths
Category:United States Navy admirals
Category:Military personnel from New Jersey
Category:Union Navy officers
Category:People of New Jersey in the American Civil War |
Lewis Kimberly | Table of Content | Short description, Biography, Early life and career, Civil War service, Post-war commands, Namesakes, References, External links |
Michelle Bass | Short description | Michelle Bass (born 2 February 1981) is an English glamour model and television personality turned singer and columnist.
She first came to fame as a contestant on the fifth series of the UK reality television show Big Brother. Previously, Bass had worked in a Call Centre, and auditioned for Pop Idol.Biography Born in Newcastle upon Tyne, she attended Gosforth High School.Michelle has eye on Ant, Chronicle Live, dated 19 August 2005 |
Michelle Bass | Career | Career
Big Brother 5
During her time in the Big Brother House, she was a member of a group of contestants who referred to themselves as the "Lip Gloss Bitches", along with Marco Sabba, Emma Greenwood and eventual winner Nadia Almada.
Other media activities
Over Christmas 2004, Bass played The Princess in the pantomime Aladdin at the Alban Arena in St Albans.
Bass has appeared as a contestant on Celebrity Weakest Link, contributed Big Brother columns to OK! magazine and News of the World and played a small role in the film I Want Candy.
In early 2007, Bass moved into the commercial modelling market when she began working with the online clothing store Discoo.
Bass was also The People'''s official Big Brother 8 columnist, and the 2009 News of The World Big Brother columnist.
She appeared in the tenth series of Big Brother, in 2009 as part of the Big Brother UK Tenth Anniversary Celebrations.
In August 2010, Bass returned to the house to compete as a contestant on Ultimate Big Brother''. She was later evicted on Day 16 (the Semi-final). |
Michelle Bass | Personal life | Personal life
In 2010, Bass married hypnotist Steve McKeown and they have a daughter born in 2013. |
Michelle Bass | References | References |
Michelle Bass | External links | External links
Category:1981 births
Category:Living people
Category:Big Brother (British TV series) contestants
Category:English female models
Category:Models from Newcastle upon Tyne
Category:People educated at Gosforth Academy |
Michelle Bass | Table of Content | Short description, Career, Personal life, References, External links |
Closed ecological system | short description | thumb|right|300px|Biosphere 2
Closed ecological systems or contained ecological systems (CES) are ecosystems that do not rely on matter exchange with any part outside the system.
The term is most often used to describe small, man-made ecosystems. Such systems can potentially serve as a life-support system or space habitats.
In a closed ecological system, any waste products produced by one species must be used by at least one other species. If the purpose is to maintain a life form, such as a mouse or a human, waste products such as carbon dioxide, feces and urine must eventually be converted into oxygen, food, and water.
A closed ecological system must contain at least one autotrophic organism. While both chemotrophic and phototrophic organisms are plausible, almost all closed ecological systems to date are based on an autotroph such as green algae. |
Closed ecological system | Examples | Examples
A closed ecological system for an entire planet is called an ecosphere.
Man-made closed ecological systems which were created to sustain human life include Biosphere 2, MELiSSA, and the BIOS-1, BIOS-2, and BIOS-3 projects.
Bottle gardens and aquarium ecospheres are partially or fully enclosed glass containers that are self-sustaining closed ecosystems that can be made or purchased. They can include tiny shrimp, algae, gravel, decorative shells, and Gorgonia. |
Closed ecological system | In fiction | In fiction
Closed ecological systems are commonly featured in fiction and particularly in science fiction. These include domed cities, space stations and habitats on foreign planets or asteroids, cylindrical habitats (e.g. O'Neill cylinders), Dyson Spheres and so on.Westfahl, Gary (2005). "Space Habitats". The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy: Themes, Works, and Wonders. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 736–737. ISBN 978-0-313-32952-4. |
Closed ecological system | See also | See also |
Closed ecological system | References | References
Category:Ecological processes
Category:Systems ecology
Category:Ecosystems
Category:Artificial ecosystems |
Closed ecological system | Table of Content | short description, Examples, In fiction, See also, References |
Frege's principle | # | redirect Principle of compositionality |
Frege's principle | Table of Content | # |
Compositionality | # | redirect Principle of compositionality |
Compositionality | Table of Content | # |
Minidisk | '''Minidisk''' | Minidisk, Mini Disk, MiniDisc, Mini Disc or similar may refer to:
MiniDisc, a magneto-optical disc-based music and data storage format developed by Sony
Minidisk (CMS), a minidisk formatted for use by the CMS operating system under CP-67 or VM
Minidisk (floppy), 5.25-inch floppy diskette type
Minidisk (VM), a virtual disk provided by the CP-67 or VM operating system
, a consumer mechanical digital audio disc from Telefunken
Olivetti Minidisk, a 2.5-inch sleeveless floppy diskette format by Olivetti for their P6040 (1975)
Minidisc (album), a Gescom album
MiniDiscs [Hacked], a music compilation by Radiohead |
Minidisk | See also | See also
Mini CD, a smaller variant of the standard full-size Compact Disc
MiniDVD, a smaller variant of the standard full-size DVD format
MiniDVD (disambiguation), formats similar to the MiniDVD
Micro disk
MD (disambiguation) |
Minidisk | Table of Content | '''Minidisk''', See also |
The Van Beuren Corporation | Short description | The Van Beuren Corporation was a New York City-based animation studio that produced theatrical cartoons as well as live-action short-subjects from the 1920s to 1936. |
The Van Beuren Corporation | History | History
In 1920, the Keith-Albee organization formed Fables Pictures for the production of the Aesop's Film Fables cartoon series with Paul Terry, who himself owned 10 percent of the studio. Producer Amedee J. Van Beuren bought out the studio in 1928, retaining Terry and renaming the business after its new owner. Van Beuren released Terry's first sound cartoon Dinner Time (1928) (a month before Disney's Steamboat Willie) through Pathé Exchange, which later became part of RKO Pictures. Terry ran the animation studio while Van Beuren focused on other parts of the business. In 1929, Terry quit to start his own Terrytoons studio and John Foster took over the animation department.
Van Beuren released his films through RKO Radio Pictures. The early sound Van Beuren cartoons are almost identical to the late silent cartoons: highly visual, with little dialogue and occasional sound effects. Bandleaders Gene Rodemich and Winston Sharples supervised the music. The company's main cartoon characters were "Tom and Jerry", a tall-and-short pair, usually vagrants who attempted various occupations. They share no relation to MGM's more successful Tom and Jerry, a cat and mouse, and the older series has been renamed "Van Beuren's Tom and Jerry" and "Dick and Larry" in various future incarnations. Van Beuren was keenly aware that successful cartoons often featured animated "stars", and urged his staff to come up with new ideas for characters. Cubby, a mischievous little bear, resulted.
In 1932, Van Beuren planned to release a series of wild-animal shorts featuring celebrity explorer Frank Buck. RKO executives were so impressed by these Van Beuren shorts that they decided to combine them into a feature film, Bring 'Em Back Alive. This was a very successful business move, but it left both Van Beuren and RKO with a void in their short-subject schedule. Van Beuren, forced to act quickly, found an existing series of two-reel comedies: Charlie Chaplin's 12 productions for the Mutual film company, produced in 1916-17.Michael J. Hayde, Chaplin's Vintage Year, BearManor, 2016. Van Beuren paid $10,000 each for the shorts, and assigned his animation department to create new music and sound effects for the silent films. Bandleader Gene Rodemich and Rodemich's assistant and successor Winston Sharples assembled new scores. RKO released the Van Beuren Chaplins in 1933–34. Chaplin did not own these films; author Michael J. Hayde discloses that Chaplin had declined several opportunities to purchase them.
The Van Beuren Corporation acquired and produced live-action features such as Adventure Girl (1934) and two more Frank Buck safaris, Wild Cargo (1934) and Frank Buck's Fang and Claw (1935). Other Van Beuren live-action productions included a "Van Beuren Vagabond" travelogue series, a series of novelty shorts narrated by the radio comedy team Easy Aces (Goodman Ace and Jane Ace) and musical comedy shorts featuring Bert Lahr, Shemp Howard, among others.
Van Beuren remained unsatisfied, and agreed to license the popular comic-strip character The Little King and the radio comedy act, Amos 'n' Andy to adapt into animated cartoons. Neither series was successful. Van Beuren then hired Walt Disney director Burt Gillett and animator Tom Palmer to create a new series of color cartoons. These "Rainbow Parade" cartoons featured established characters: Felix the Cat, Parrotville Parrots, Molly Moo-Cow, and the Toonerville Folks. |
The Van Beuren Corporation | Closure | Closure
These full-color Van Beuren efforts were well received, and Van Beuren had finally succeeded in sponsoring a popular cartoon series, but RKO later entered into a deal to distribute new color cartoons produced by industry leader Walt Disney. RKO, no longer needing Van Beuren's cartoons, abandoned the Rainbow Parade shorts.
Amedee J. Van Beuren fell ill during this time. In July 1938, he had a stroke that would eventually lead to his death on November 12 of the same year by heart attack.A. J. VAN BEUREN, 58, FILM OFFICIAL, DIES. New York Times. November 13, 1938, Sunday p 45THEATER GOSSIP. Evening Independent - Google News Archive - Feb 20, 1938
During his recovery from his stroke, Van Beuren closed his studio rather than accept unionization that had caused the studio problems in 1935.pp. 116–117 Black, James Eric Walt Kelly and Pogo: The Art of the Political Swamp McFarland, 30 Dec 2015
The Van Beuren library was sold to various television, reissue, and home-movie distributors in the 1940s and 1950s, including Unity Pictures, Walter Gutlohn/Library Films, Commonwealth Pictures, and Official Films. The library eventually lapsed into the public domain. |
The Van Beuren Corporation | Productions | Productions
Animation:
Aesop's Fables (1921–1934)
Cubby Bear
Sentinel Louey
Lucky Leo and Lily Lion (unfinished series, never released in cinemas)
Tom and Jerry (1931–1933)
The Little King (1933–1934)
Amos 'n' Andy (1934)
Burt Gillett's Toddle Tales (1934)
Rainbow Parade (1934–1936) (color series)
Felix the Cat
Live-action:
Bring 'Em Back Alive (1932)
Adventure Girl (1934)
Wild Cargo (1934)
Fang and Claw (1935)
Live-action shorts:
The Grantland Rice Sportland (1928–1932)
Curiosities (1928–1929)
Smitty and His Pals (1928–1929)
Topics of the Day (1928–1930) (inherited from Timely Films)
The Swan (1929) (Walter Futter Overtures series)
Song Sketches (1930)
Vagabond Adventures (1930–1935)
Floyd Gibbons Supreme Thrills (1931)
Liberty Short Short Stories (1931–1932)
Charlie Chaplin (1932–1934) (reissued shorts with sound)
Musical Comedies (1933–1934)
Dumb-Bell Letters (1934–1936)
Easy Aces (1935–1936)
Struggle to Live (1935–1937)
World on Parade (1935–1937)
Sports with Bill Corum (1935–1937) |
The Van Beuren Corporation | References | References |
The Van Beuren Corporation | External links | External links
Full list of Van Beuren cartoons from the Big Cartoon Database
Biography of Amedee J. Van Beuren
Swiss Trick on Archive.org
Category:American animation studios
Category:Mass media companies established in 1920
Category:Mass media companies disestablished in 1936
Category:American companies established in 1920
Category:1921 establishments in New York City
Category:1936 disestablishments in New York (state)
Category:American companies disestablished in 1936 |
The Van Beuren Corporation | Table of Content | Short description, History, Closure, Productions, References, External links |
Birmingham metropolitan area | Short description | thumb|400x400px|Map of the Birmingham Metropolitan Area showing its built-up areas, morphological boundaries and catchment zones.
The Birmingham Metropolitan Area is an urban agglomeration located in the West Midlands region of England with a population of around 4.3 million people, making it the second largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom. It comprises the three cities (Birmingham, Coventry, Wolverhampton) and four metropolitan boroughs (Dudley, Sandwell, Solihull, Walsall) which make up the Metropolitan county of the West Midlands, along with its commuter zones, which extend into the neighbouring district authorities of Bromsgrove and Redditch in Worcestershire; Cannock Chase, Lichfield, South Staffordshire and Tamworth in Staffordshire; and all five district authorities of Warwickshire, including the towns of Bedworth, Coleshill, Nuneaton, Royal Leamington Spa, and Warwick itself.
A number of sizeable settlements fall outside the morphological boundaries of the Birmingham Metropolitan Area but still form part of its economic and infrastructural hinterland. Amongst these, the cathedral city of Lichfield, the towns of Cannock, Hednesford and Rugeley in Staffordshire, Rugby and Stratford-upon-Avon in Warwickshire, and Kidderminster in the Wyre Forest District of Worcestershire.
Like other regional conurbations in the United Kingdom, the Birmingham Metropolitan Area is polycentric, with several primary urban areas and satellite towns overlaying traditional market towns and civil parishes, separated by areas of protected green space. This is reflected in a diverse urban landscape characterised by examples of Medieval, Tudor, Jacobean, English Baroque, Georgian, Victorian, Edwardian, Modern, Postmodern and Contemporary architecture.
The metro area acts as a major international commercial centre and an important transport, retail, events and conference hub. Birmingham New Street railway station is the busiest railway station in the United Kingdom outside of London. Its metropolitan economy is a significant economic powerhouse for the Midlands and is the second-largest in the United Kingdom with a GDP of $121.1bn (2014). It is also a region of multiple higher education institutions, including the University of Birmingham, making it the largest centre of higher education in the country outside London.
Tourism is a large part of economic activity for the metro area. Birmingham is the third most visited city in the United Kingdom by people from foreign nations as of 2022. The City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra, the Birmingham Royal Ballet, the Birmingham Repertory Theatre, the Library of Birmingham and the Barber Institute of Fine Arts all enjoy international reputations. Stratford-upon-Avon is a site of significant tourist interest, being the birth town of William Shakespeare. |
Birmingham metropolitan area | See also | See also
List of urban areas in the United Kingdom
Birmingham
West Midlands conurbation (also referred to as the Birmingham urban area) |
Birmingham metropolitan area | References | References
Category:Birmingham, West Midlands |
Birmingham metropolitan area | Table of Content | Short description, See also, References |
Cold War Victory Medal | Use mdy dates | The Cold War Victory Medal is not an official medal of the United States federal government, but is a state National Guard medal in Louisiana and Texas, and in ribbon form only by the State of Alaska, for those who served in their positions honorably during the years of the Cold War, defined as lasting from September 2, 1945 to December 26, 1991. In the medal's unofficial capacity it can be purchased, but not worn in uniform. |
Cold War Victory Medal | Background and history | Background and history
In accordance with section 1084 of the National Defense Authorization ActPublic Law 105–85 Sec. 1084, 111 STAT. 1920, 1998 National Defense Authorization Act November 18, 1997. for fiscal year 1998, Congress commended the members of the Armed Forces and civilian personnel who contributed to the victory of the Western Alliance in the Cold War, and authorized and instructed the then-Secretary of Defense, William Cohen, to prepare a certificate recognizing the Cold War service of qualifying members of the Armed Forces and civilian personnel of the Department of Defense and other government agencies. The certificate became known as the Cold War Recognition Certificate available by request of the individual by all members of the armed forces and qualified federal government civilian personnel who honorably served the United States anytime during the Cold War, which is defined as September 2, 1945 to December 26, 1991.
In October 2001, Congress passed the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA)Public Law 107–107 Sec. 556, 115 STAT. 1118, 2002 National Defense Authorization Act December 28, 2001. for fiscal year 2002, which is signed into law on December 28, 2001 by President George W. Bush. In the NDAA approved by both houses and signed into law by the president, was a Sense of the Congress resolution that the Secretary of Defense should consider authorizing the issuance of a Campaign medal, to be known as the Cold War Service Medal, to each person who while a member of the Armed Forces served satisfactorily on active duty during the Cold War. The then-Secretary of Defense, Donald Rumsfeld, did not create such a medal.
The official U.S. Navy web page states: "The Department of Defense will not be creating a Cold War Service medal" and that any commemorative medals made by private vendors are unauthorized on the military uniform. At present the Cold War Victory Medal remains strictly commemorative and is unofficial other than for members of the Louisiana National Guard (medal and ribbon), Texas National Guard (medal and ribbon) and Alaska National Guard (ribbon only) .
The Cold War Victory Medal is also referred to as the Cold War Commemorative Medal, Cold War Service Medal, or simply as the Cold War Medal. There are no devices or attachments authorized for the Cold War Victory Medal. |
Cold War Victory Medal | Design | Design
The Cold War Victory Medal was designed by Nadine Russell, the Chief of Creative Heraldry at the Army's Institute of Heraldry and the designer of many campaign and service medals, including the Southwest Asia Service Medal, the Armed Forces Service Medal, and the Military Outstanding Volunteer Service Medal. |
Cold War Victory Medal | National Guard awards medal | National Guard awards medal
The National Guard Bureau does not issue nor recognize the Cold War Victory Medal. The medal is worn as a National Guard award and issued by the Louisiana National Guard. The Adjutant General of the State of Louisiana currently authorizes the decoration as the "Louisiana Cold War Victory Medal". Eligible members, including active duty members, of the Louisiana National Guard are authorized to wear the medal in uniform while in the State of Louisiana and not on federal property in that state (e.g., Fort Polk).
The Alaska National Guard has authorized the Cold War Victory Ribbon as the Alaska Cold War Service Ribbon, and authorized it for wear on the military uniforms for the Alaska Army National Guard, Alaska Air National Guard, the Alaska Naval Militia, and the Alaska State Defense Force. Wear of the medal form of this award is optional, in that the state does not provide the medal, only the ribbon. Authorized recipients of the ribbon may purchase and wear the medal (full size or miniature) at their own expense, but consistent when wear of medals is directed, such as the Governor's Annual Dinner. |
Cold War Victory Medal | State defense force award | State defense force award
150px|thumb|left|Texas Cold War MedalSeveral state defense forces have authorized wear of the award for members who meet the requirements. The Alaska State Defense Force, the New Mexico State Guard, and the Texas State Guard have authorized the award for wear on their uniforms. |
Cold War Victory Medal | Various commemorative versions of the medal | Various commemorative versions of the medal
The Cold War Victory Medal is also a civilian medal which may be privately purchased but is not distributed by the United States government. As such, the decoration is not presently authorized for wear on active duty military uniforms. However, the medal has been officially adopted by the Military Order of Foreign Wars of the United States and is thus frequently worn by U.S. military retirees, veterans and civilians on public holidays, parades and veterans functions. In this regard, the order of precedence of the Cold War Victory Medal is immediately after the lowest authorized U.S. award.
There are various versions of the medal privately struck by many different vendors. However, the only version which has been officially adopted by the Military Order of Foreign Wars has been the Cold War Victory Medal designed by Nadine Russell of the Institute of Heraldry. It has also been officially adopted by the American Cold War Veterans organization.
The Germany Defense Veterans of America has also adopted and authorized this medal to all the members of the Germany Defense Veterans of America as this organization's wear of medals on the GDVA uniform. |
Cold War Victory Medal | Bills introduced in Congress to enact authorization to wear medal | Bills introduced in Congress to enact authorization to wear medal
Over the years bills have been introduced in five separate Congresses for the authorization of a Cold War Victory Medal or Cold War Service Medal. To date bills have successfully passed both houses but get stripped out in committee. All medal bills have been opposed by the U.S. Department of Defense, as it would overlap with service and campaign medals already issued for the Vietnam War and the Korean War, as well as the costs of issuing millions of medals to eligible veterans. On February 17, 2011, Senator Olympia Snowe (ME) and on May 24, 2011, Representative Steve Israel (NY-2) reintroduced legislation in the Senate and House, respectively, that the Secretary of Defense concerned may issue a service medal, to be known as the `Cold War Service Medal', to Cold War veterans who meet the criteria.117th Congress (2021-2022): Cold War Service Medal Acthttps://www.congress.gov › bill › house-bill › 5757 › q. |
Cold War Victory Medal | Bills in the United States Senate | Bills in the United States Senate
Congress Cold War Medal Bill number Sponsor Co-Sponsor Notes112th Congress (2011–2012)S.402Olympia Snowe (ME)Scott Brown (MA), Susan Collins (ME), Tim Johnson (SD), John Kerry (MA), Robert Menendez (NJ), Jim Webb (VA)6 Co-Sponsors111th Congress (2009–2010)S.2743Olympia Snowe (ME)Russ Feingold (WI), John Kerry (MA), Paul G. Kirk (MA), Mary Landrieu (LA), Blanche Lincoln (AR), Robert Menendez (NJ), Mike Johanns (NE), Jim Webb (VA)8 Co-Sponsors110th Congress (2007–2008)S.AMDT. 2163 to H.R.1585Hillary Clinton (NY)Susan Collins (ME), Blanche Lincoln (AR)2 Co-SponsorsS.1097Hillary Clinton (NY)Susan Collins (ME), Chuck Schumer (NY), Mary Landrieu (LA), Olympia Snowe (ME)4 Co-SponsorsS.1763Hillary Clinton (NY)Blanche Lincoln (AR), Olympia Snowe (ME)2 Co-Sponsors109th Congress (2005–2006)S.AMDT.4212 to S.2766Hillary Clinton (NY)None0 Co-SponsorsS.1351Hillary Clinton (NY)Blanche Lincoln (AR), Dick Durbin (IL) Tim Johnson (SD)3 Co-Sponsors108th Congress (2003–2004)S.1841Hillary Clinton (NY)Blanche Lincoln (AR), Dick Durbin (IL) Mark Pryor (AR)3 Co-SponsorsH.R.3388See H.R. 3388 belowDavid Vitter (LA)David Vitter Co-Sponsored H.R. 3388 as Congressman from Louisiana's 1st district and is currently a US Senator from Louisiana.107th Congress (2001–2002)H.R.2165See H.R. 2165 belowLindsey Graham (SC)Lindsey Graham Co-Sponsored H.R.2165 as Congressman from South Carolina's 3rd district and is currently a US Senator from South Carolina.106th Congress (1999–2000)S.AMDT.474 to S.1059Phil Gramm (TX)Kay Bailey Hutchison (TX), John Ashcroft (MO), Paul Coverdell (GA), Trent Lott (MS)4 Co-Sponsors105th Congress (1997–1998)S.AMDT.743 to S.936Larry Craig (ID)None0 Co-Sponsors |
Cold War Victory Medal | List of 12 senators who have supported the enactment of the medal | List of 12 senators who have supported the enactment of the medal
StateSenator107th Congress (2001–2002)108th Congress (2003–2004)109th Congress (2005–2006)110th Congress (2007–2008)111th Congress (2009–2010)112th Congress (2011–2012)ARMark PryorS.1841 ILDick DurbinS.1841S.1351 KSJerry Moran H.R.2568 LAMary Landrieu S.1097 S.2743LADavid VitterH.R.3388 MAJohn Kerry S.2743S.402MESusan Collins S.1097S.AMDT. 2163 to H.R.1585 S.402NEMike Johanns S.2743NJRobert Menendez S.2743S.402NYChuck Schumer S.1097 SCLindsey Graham H.R.2165 SDTim Johnson S.1351 S.402 |
Cold War Victory Medal | Bills in the U.S. House of Representatives | Bills in the U.S. House of Representatives
Congress Cold War Medal Bill number Sponsor Co-Sponsor Notes112th Congress (2011–2012)H.R.1968Steve Israel (NY-2)Jason Altmire (PA-4), Timothy Bishop (NY-1), Judy Chu, (CA-32), Gerald Connolly (VA-11), Joseph (Joe) Courtney (CT-2), Jeff Fortenberry (NE-01), Jim Gerlach (PA-6), Richard L. Hanna (NY-24), Nan Hayworth (NY-19), Maurice Hinchey (NY-22), Marcy Kaptur (OH-9), Jim McGovern (MA-3), David McKinley (WV-1), Michael Michaud (ME-2), Timothy F. Murphy (PA-18), William Lewis Owens (NY-23), Chellie Pingree (ME-1), Todd Russell Platts (PA-19), Nick Rahall (WV-3)19 Co-Sponsors111th Congress (2009–2010)H.R.4051Steve Israel (NY-2)Jason Altmire (PA-4), Michael Arcuri (NY-24), Dan Boren (OK-2), Rick Boucher (VA-9), Bob Brady (PA-1), Christopher Carney (PA-10), Joseph (Joe) Courtney (CT-2), Mark Critz (PA-12), Kathleen Dahlkemper (PA-3), Geoff Davis (KY-4), Bill Delahunt (MA-10), Jo Ann Emerson (MO-08), Chaka Fattah (PA-2), Bob Filner (CA-51), Virginia Foxx (NC-5), Jim Gerlach (PA-6), Brian Higgins (NY-27), Maurice Hinchey (NY-22), Paul Hodes (NH-2), Mark Kirk (IL-10), Tom Latham (IA-4), Sheila Jackson-Lee (TX-18), Thaddeus McCotter (MI-11), Jim McGovern (MA-03), Mike McIntyre (NC-7), Michael McMahon (NY-13), Michael H. Michaud (ME-2), Timothy F. Murphy (PA-18), John Murtha (PA-12), Bill Pascrell (NJ-8), Collin Peterson (MN-7), Pedro Pierluisi (PR), Chellie Pingree (ME-1), Ciro Rodriguez (TX-23), Todd Russell Platts (PA-19), Ted Poe (TX-2), Mike Ross (AR-4), Joe Sestak (PA-7), Betty Sutton (OH-13), Glenn "G.T." Thompson (PA-5), Mac Thornberry (TX-13), Ginny Brown-Waite (FL-5), Joe Wilson (SC-2), Robert Wittman (VA-1), Frank Wolf (VA-10), Fred Upton (MI-6)46 Co-Sponsors110th Congress (2007–2008)NoneNoneNone109th Congress (2005–2006)H.R.2568Rob Andrews (NJ-1)Rick Boucher (VA-9), Jo Ann Davis (VA-1), Phil English (PA-3), Bob Filner (CA-51), Virgil Goode (VA-5), Bart Gordon (TN-6), Maurice Hinchey (NY-22), Sheila Jackson-Lee (TX-18), Randy Kuhl (NY-29), Thaddeus McCotter (MI-11), Dennis Moore (KS-3), Jerry Moran (KS-1), Todd Platts (PA-19), Nick Rahall (WV-3), Silvestre Reyes (TX-16), Rob Simmons (CT-2), Bart Stupak (MI-1)17 Co-Sponsors108th Congress (2003–2004)H.R.3388Thomas Tancredo (CO-6)Phil English (PA-3), Jim Gerlach (PA-6), Bart Gordon (TN-6), Mark Green (WI-8), Jim Leach (IA-2), Thaddeus McCotter (MI-11), Mike Michaud (ME-2), Dennis Moore (KS-3), Jim Moran (VA-8), Marilyn Musgrave (CO-4), Jim Ryun (KS-2), John Shimkus (IL-19), David Vitter (LA-1), Joe Wilson (SC-2)14 Co-SponsorsH.R.3201Rob Andrews (NJ-1)Rick Boucher (VA-9), Ben Chandler (KY-6), Jim Gerlach (PA-6), Mike Honda (CA-15), Jim McDermott (WA-7), Jim McGovern (MA-3), Todd Platts (PA-19)7 Co-Sponsors107th Congress (2001–2002)H.R.3417Ron Paul (TX-14)Virgil Goode (VA-5)1 Co-SponsorH.R.2165Floyd Spence (SC-2)Cass Ballenger (NC-10), Roscoe Bartlett (MD-6), Gus Bilirakis (FL-9), Kevin Brady (TX-8), Steve Buyer (IN-4), Ed Bryant (TN-7), Howard Coble (NC-6), Randy Cunningham (CA-51), Jim Gibbons (NV-2), Lindsey Graham (SC-3), Van Hilleary (TN-4), David L. Hobson (OH-7), Nancy Johnson (CT-6), Sam Johnson (TX-3), Ken Lucas (KY-4), Ray LaHood (IL-18), Jim McGovern (MA-3), Cynthia McKinney (GA-4), Michael Oxley (OH-4), Joseph R. Pitts (PA-16), Jim Ryun (KS-2), Jim Saxton (NJ-3), Edward Schrock (VA-2), Rob Simmons (CT-2), John Spratt (SC-5)25 Co-Sponsors106th Congress (1999–2000)H.R.2440Rick Lazio (NY-2)None0 Co-Sponsors |
Cold War Victory Medal | List of 42 representatives plus 1 delegate to congress who have supported the enactment of the medal | List of 42 representatives plus 1 delegate to congress who have supported the enactment of the medal
StateRepresentative107th Congress (2001–2002)108th Congress (2003–2004)109th Congress (2005–2006) 110th Congress (2007–2008) 111th Congress (2009–2010)112th Congress (2011–2012)CA-15Mike Honda H.R.3201 CA-32Judy Chu H.R.1968CT-02Joseph (Joe) Courtney H.R.4051H.R.1968FL-09Gus BilirakisH.R.2165 IA-04Tom Latham H.R.4051IL-19John Shimkus H.R.3388 MA-03Jim McGovernH.R.2165 H.R.3201 H.R.4051H.R.1968ME-01Chellie Pingree H.R.4051H.R.1968ME-02Mike Michaud H.R.3388 H.R.4051H.R.1968MI-06Fred Upton H.R.4051MN-07Collin Peterson H.R.4051NC-05Virginia Foxx H.R.4051NC-06Howard CobleH.R.2165 NC-07Mike McIntyre H.R.4051NE-01Jeff Fortenberry H.R.1968NJ-01Rob Andrews H.R.3201 H.R.2568 NJ-08Bill Pascrell H.R.4051NY-01Timothy Bishop H.R.1968NY-02Steve Israel H.R.5112 H.R.4051H.R.1968NY-23William Lewis Owens H.R.1968NY-24Richard L. Hanna H.R.1968NY-27Brian Higgins H.R.4051OH-09Marcy Kaptur H.R.1968PA-01Bob Brady H.R.4051PA-02Chaka Fattah H.R.4051PA-05Glenn "G.T." Thompson H.R.4051PA-06Jim Gerlach H.R.3201H.R.3388 H.R.4051H.R.1968PA-16Joseph R. PittsH.R.2165 PA-18Timothy F. Murphy H.R.4051H.R.1968SC-02Joe Wilson H.R.3388 H.R.4051TX-02Ted Poe H.R.4051TX-03Sam JohnsonH.R.2165 TX-08Kevin BradyH.R.2165 TX-13Mac Thornberry H.R.4051TX-18Sheila Jackson-Lee H.R.2568 H.R.4051VA-01Robert Wittman H.R.4051VA-08Jim Moran H.R.3388 VA-10Frank Wolf H.R.4051VA-11Gerald Connolly H.R.1968WA-07Jim McDermott H.R.3201 WV-01David McKinley H.R.1968WV-03Nick Rahall H.R.2568 H.R.1968Delegate to CongressPuerto RicoPedro Pierluisi H.R.4051 |
Cold War Victory Medal | References | References |
Cold War Victory Medal | External links | External links
American Cold War Veterans (Archived from the original at http://www.AmericanColdWarVets.org, which is no longer active.)
Cold War Veterans Association (Archived from the original at http://www.coldwarveterans.com, which is no longer active.)
Germany Defense Veterans of America
Category:Awards and decorations of the National Guard (United States)
Category:Cold War
Category:United States service medals
Category:Awards established in 2000
Category:2000 establishments in the United States |
Cold War Victory Medal | Table of Content | Use mdy dates, Background and history, Design, National Guard awards medal, State defense force award, Various commemorative versions of the medal, Bills introduced in Congress to enact authorization to wear medal, Bills in the United States Senate, List of 12 senators who have supported the enactment of the medal, Bills in the U.S. House of Representatives, List of 42 representatives plus 1 delegate to congress who have supported the enactment of the medal, References, External links |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Michelle Bass (0th nomination) | <div class="boilerplate" class="metadata" id="vfd" style="background-color: #F3F9FF; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 10px 0 10px; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; ">
This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. '''This page is no longer live.''' Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. <br >The result of the debate was
Michelle Bass was a contestant on a reality show. Nothing more. Big deal. We may as well have every contestant on ''[[The Price Is Right]]'' listed if we have her. [[User:Danny | This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was
Michelle Bass was a contestant on a reality show. Nothing more. Big deal. We may as well have every contestant on The Price Is Right listed if we have her. Danny 20:51, 2 Sep 2004 (UTC)
Add Stuart Wilson. Delete both. RickK 21:00, Sep 2, 2004 (UTC)
By the same standards, add Shell Jubin, Victor Ebuwa, Ahmed Aghil, Marco Sabba, Vanessa Nimmo and Kitten Pinder. Participation in a single reality TV show is insufficient to establish notability. (They were all created from and only linked to Big Brother (UK TV series) and each other.) Rossami 23:35, 2 Sep 2004 (UTC)
In the same vain, perhaps this should apply to the contestants listed in the Big Brother USA article as well. -TonyW 02:25, Sep 3, 2004 (UTC)
Make each a redirect to its show. If the contestants aren't mentioned in their shows (but not, please Lord, as links), then we can add them. Around the time these came along, someone did the same for Tiger Woods's new fiancee, but that has been made a redirect, with merge. Geogre 00:50, 3 Sep 2004 (UTC)
Redirect to Big Brother (UK). Say, how come the "vital statistics" aren't in a garishly colored taxobox? Dpbsmith (talk) 01:25, 3 Sep 2004 (UTC)
Delete all (Michelle Bass, Stuart Wilson, Shell Jubin, Victor Ebuwa, Ahmed Aghil, Marco Sabba, Vanessa Nimmo and Kitten Pinder), do not redirect. Participation in a TV show doesn't make a person notable. Wile E. Heresiarch 05:28, 3 Sep 2004 (UTC)
Clarification: are all of these up for deletion, or not? If so, there needs to be a VFD tag on all of them, this needs to be moved down to whatever date the VFD tag was added to all of them, and they all need to be mentioned in the header. Additionally, any votes made before this occurred which don't specifically mention these articles should not be counted. anthony (see warning) 19:00, 3 Sep 2004 (UTC)
If they're not notable in their own right, then they shouldn't have an article. Since Wikipedia has a search function, I don't see that we'd need a redirect. However, since I don't tend to read the tabloid gossip pages, I've no idea if these people are still of any interest to anyone, so no comment. Average Earthman 08:39, 3 Sep 2004 (UTC)
Stuart Wilson is a moderately well-known British actor, and I have amended the article to reflect this. The actor should be listed, as there are already several links to the article. Deb 12:06, 3 Sep 2004 (UTC)
Keep. I don't see a problem with having every Price Is Right contestant. anthony (see warning) 15:08, 3 Sep 2004 (UTC)
But then, you don't see a problem with having an article on every person in the phone book. Wasn't there a ruling a while back about trolling VfD? RickK
Yes, there was. It specifically said that I'm allowed to vote here. It certainly didn't say that I'm not allowed to disagree with you. As for every person in the phone book, I doubt you could make a verifiable NPOV encyclopedia article about every person in the phone book. anthony (see warning) 18:54, 3 Sep 2004 (UTC)
YOUR criteria, as you repeatedly note, is proof of existence. The phone book does that. Therfore, by YOUR criteria, anyone in the phone book is a valid article. RickK 19:13, Sep 3, 2004 (UTC)
The phone book by no means proves existence. And I never said my criteria is proof of existence. Obviously an article which simply said that someone once lived would not be acceptable. Stop throwing up strawmen. anthony (see warning) 02:06, 4 Sep 2004 (UTC)
Also, Anthony, one is required to explain the reasons for one's vote by VfD guidelines. Serial "keep" votes don't do much good. Geogre 01:51, 4 Sep 2004 (UTC)
When there's no valid reason to delete, I vote keep. Should I mention "no valid reason to delete" over and over again? anthony (see warning) 02:06, 4 Sep 2004 (UTC)
Then by that same context, if one were to follow that policy, if there isn't a valid reason to keep, then one should not vote. Just because there is no reason to delete, doesn't mean you should automatically vote to keep. If there is no reason to keep, then one should not vote. If there is no reason to delete, then one should not vote. --AllyUnion (Talk) 22:25, 6 Sep 2004 (UTC)
No. Articles should be kept by default, not deleted. That's why this page is votes for deletion, not votes for retention. The lack of any reason to delete is in itself a reason to keep. anthony (see warning) 20:24, 7 Sep 2004 (UTC)
Keep, like it or not she is a celebrity in the UK. -- Crevaner 01:13, 4 Sep 2004 (UTC)
We may as well have every contestant on The Price Is Right listed if we have her. - except that The Price Is Right has four contestants every weeknight for a significant percentage of the year, for 20 years (that's just the Australian version). Big Brother, Australian Idol, etc. have about 12-14 a year. You also don't see many contenstants from The Price Is Right going off and getting careers in the media afterwards do you? Keep. -- Chuq 03:26, 4 Sep 2004 (UTC)
If she is a celebrity, the article should have something worthwhile to say about her. Delete. Lacrimosus 08:59, 4 Sep 2004 (UTC)
Given that appearance on this particular telly show often leads to notability one way or another I say merge and redirect all of them if they haven't already proved their notability outside this show and until they do. -- Graham ☺ | Talk 12:53, 4 Sep 2004 (UTC)
Merge and redirect the lot of them. They can get individual articles if they end up doing anything individually notable. — Gwalla | Talk 05:35, 6 Sep 2004 (UTC)
I agree with Chuq that this is absolutely not the same thing as contestants on the Price is Right. I'm not familiar with the British version of Big Brother, being American, but I'd suggest that American Survivor contestants would probably warrant their own articles, and British Big Brother is probably comparable. As a compromise measure, a wiser choice might be to have articles on each season/series of a reality show, that would allow some mention of the various contestants without having to devote whole articles to mostly non-notable ones. john k 06:41, 6 Sep 2004 (UTC)
Merge and redirect (all of them) to Big Brother (or last season article). zoney ▓ ▒ talk 11:32, 6 Sep 2004 (UTC)
Keep. Agree with the rest of the keepers.--Dittaeva 15:16, 7 Sep 2004 (UTC)
This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page. |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Michelle Bass (0th nomination) | Table of Content | <div class="boilerplate" class="metadata" id="vfd" style="background-color: #F3F9FF; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 10px 0 10px; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; ">
This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. '''This page is no longer live.''' Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. <br >The result of the debate was
Michelle Bass was a contestant on a reality show. Nothing more. Big deal. We may as well have every contestant on ''[[The Price Is Right]]'' listed if we have her. [[User:Danny |
Azilian | Short description | The Azilian is a Mesolithic industry of the Franco-Cantabrian region of northern Spain and Southern France. It dates approximately 10,000–12,500 years ago. Diagnostic artifacts from the culture include projectile points (microliths with rounded retouched backs), crude flat bone harpoons and pebbles with abstract decoration. The latter were first found in the River Arize at the type-site for the culture, the Grotte du Mas d'Azil at Le Mas-d'Azil in the French Pyrenees (illustrated, now with a modern road running through it). These are the main type of Azilian art, showing a great reduction in scale and complexity from the Magdalenian Art of the Upper Palaeolithic.
The industry can be classified as part of the Epipaleolithic or the Mesolithic periods, or of both. Archaeologists think the Azilian represents the tail end of the Magdalenian as the warming climate brought about changes in human behaviour in the area. The effects of melting ice sheets would have diminished the food supply and probably impoverished the previously well-fed Magdalenian manufacturers, or at least those who had not followed the herds of horse and reindeer out of the glacial refugium to new territory. As a result, Azilian tools and art were cruder and less expansive than their Ice Age predecessors - or simply different.
People associated with the Azilian are genetically different from the preceding Magdalenian peoples, instead being related to peoples from who produced the Epigravettian culture as part of the Villabruna/Western Hunter Gatherer ancestry cluster, though with some ancestry from the preceding Magdalenian peoples. |
Azilian | Terminology | Terminology
thumb|The Thaïs Bone, c. 12,000 BP.The Azilian was named by Édouard Piette, who excavated the Mas d'Azil type-site in 1887. Unlike other coinages by Piette, the name was generally accepted, indeed in the early 20th century used for much greater areas than it is today. Henry Fairfield Osborn, president of the American Museum of Natural History and a palaeontologist rather than an archaeologist, was taken around the sites by leading excavators such as Hugo Obermaier. The popularizing book he published in 1916,
Men of the Old Stone Age talks happily of Azilian sites as far north as Oban in Scotland, wherever flattened barbed "harpoon" points of deer antler are found.Osborn, Obermaier and others thanked in the Preface ix-x, Piette's excavation described 460, Scottish "stations" 475Oban is also given as an Azilian site in Prehistory: A Study of Early Cultures in Europe and the Mediterranean Basin by M. C. Burkitt, p. 115-116, originally 1921, reissued by Cambridge University Press in 2012, , 9781107696846; Map from a 1932 book showing British "Azilian" sites
Subsequently, Azilian types of artefact have been defined more precisely, and similar examples from beyond the Franco-Cantabrian region generally excluded and reassigned, although references to "Azilian" finds much further north than the Franco-Cantabrian region still appear in non-specialized sources. Terms like "Azilian-like" and even "epi-Azilian" may be used to describe such finds. |
Azilian | Characteristics | Characteristics
The Azilian in Vasco-Cantabria occupied a similar region to the Magdalenian, and in very many cases the same sites; typically the Azilian remains are fewer, and rather simpler, than those from the Magdalenian occupation beneath, indicative of a smaller group of people. As the glaciers retreated, sites increasingly reach into the slopes of the Cantabrian Mountains as high as 1,000 metres above sea level, though presumably the higher ones were only occupied in the summers. The grand cavern at Mas d'Azil is not entirely typical of Azilian sites, many of which are shallow shelters at the bottom of a rock face. |
Azilian | Azilian pebbles | Azilian pebbles
thumb|Azilian painted pebbles from the cave of Le Mas d'Azil.|279x279px
Painted, and sometimes engraved pebbles (or "cobbles") are a feature of core Azilian sites; some 37 sites have produced them. The decoration is simple patterns of dots, zig-zags, and stripes, with some crosses or hatching, normally just on one side of the pebble, which is usually thin and flattish, and some 4 to 10 cm across. Large numbers may be found at a site. The colours are usually red from iron oxide, or sometimes black; the paint was often mixed in Pecten saltwater scallop shells, even at Mas d'Azil, which is far from the sea. Attempts to find a meaning for their iconography have not got very far, although "the repeated combinations of motifs does seem to some extent to be ordered, which may suggest a simple syntax". Such attempts began with Piette, who believed the pebbles carried a primitive writing system. |
Azilian | Neighbours | Neighbours
The Azilian culture coexisted with similar early Mesolithic European cultures, such as the Federmesser in northern Europe, the Tjongerian in the Low countries, the Romanellian culture of Italy, the Creswellian in Britain and the Clisurian in Romania (in a process called azilianization).
In its late phase, it experienced strong influences from the neighbouring Tardenoisian, reflected in the presence of many geometrical microliths. The Azilian culture persisted until the arrival of the Neolithic Era.A. Moure, El origen del hombre, 1999. F. Jordá Cerdá et al., Historia de España 1: Prehistoria, 1989. X. Peñalver, Euskal Herria en la Prehistoria, 1996. The Asturian culture in the area to the west along the coast was also similar, but added a distinctive form of pick-axe to its toolkit. |
Azilian | Gallery | Gallery |
Azilian | In Southern Iberia | In Southern Iberia
A culture very similar to the Azilian spread as well into Mediterranean Spain and southern Portugal. Because it lacked bone industry it is named distinctively as Iberian microlaminar microlithism. It was replaced by the so-called geometrical microlithism related to Sauveterrian culture. |
Azilian | Genetics | Genetics
In a genetic study published in 2014, the remains of an Azilian male from the Grotte du Bichon were examined. He was found to be carrying the paternal haplogroup I2 and the maternal haplogroup U5b1h.
Villalba-Mouco et al examined the remains of two males of the Azilian culture buried at the Late Upper Paleolithic site of Balma de Guilanyà, Catalonia, Spain c. 11,380-9,990 BC. They were found to be carrying the paternal haplogroups I and C1a1a, and the maternal haplogroups U5b2a and U2'3'4'7'8'9. They consisted of a mixture of ancestry between people from the preceding Magdalenian culture, as well as Villabruna/Western Hunter-Gatherer cluster, which shares affinities to people from the Middle East and Caucasus. |
Azilian | See also | See also
Art of the Upper Palaeolithic
Federmesser
Prehistoric Art
Prehistoric Europe
Prehistoric France
Prehistoric Iberia
Sauveterrian |
Azilian | References | References |
Azilian | Sources | Sources
|
Azilian | External links | External links
Category:Archaeological cultures in France
Category:Archaeological cultures in Spain
Category:Archaeological cultures of Europe
Category:Hunter-gatherers of Europe
Category:Industries (archaeology)
Category:Magdalenian
Category:Mesolithic cultures of Europe
Category:Upper Paleolithic cultures of Europe
Category:11th millennium BC |
Azilian | Table of Content | Short description, Terminology, Characteristics, Azilian pebbles, Neighbours, Gallery, In Southern Iberia, Genetics, See also, References, Sources, External links |
Sheffield Assay Office | Use dmy dates | The Sheffield Assay Office is one of the four remaining assay offices in the United Kingdom, the other three being in London, Birmingham, and Edinburgh.
In 1773, Sheffield's silversmiths joined with those of Birmingham to petition Parliament for the establishment of assay offices in their respective cities. In spite of determined opposition by London silversmiths, an act of Parliament, the Plate Assay (Sheffield and Birmingham) Act 1772 (13 Geo. 3. c. 52), was passed in March, just one month after the original petition was presented to Parliament, to allow Birmingham and Sheffield the right to assay silver.
frame|left|The assay office marks for London, Birmingham, Sheffield, and Edinburgh. The third from the left shows the rose for Sheffield.
The Assay Office was then founded and hallmarked its first piece on 20 September 1773. Lots were drawn to determine which marks the offices would use. Sheffield won and chose the crown, while Birmingham took the anchor. Originally, only silver produced within twenty miles of Sheffield could be marked at the office. From 1784, Sheffield was empowered to keep a register of all maker's marks within one hundred miles, including those of Birmingham.
right|thumb|Sheffield Assay Office, October 2008
In 1795, after several moves, an office was established on Fargate. In 1880 it moved to Leopold Street, and in 1958 to Portobello Street. In May 2007 it was announced that the office would move to a new purpose-built site on Beulah Road in Owlerton, where is it now based.Sheffield Assay Office, Contact Us, accessed 25 March 2023
In 1977, Sheffield's mark was changed to the White Rose of York, and it became the last office to standardise its date letters. |
Sheffield Assay Office | References | References |
Sheffield Assay Office | External links | External links
History of the Sheffield Assay Office
Category:Buildings and structures in Sheffield
Category:Economy of Sheffield
Category:Product-testing organizations |
Sheffield Assay Office | Table of Content | Use dmy dates, References, External links |
James Sigourney | '''James Butler Sigourney''' | James Butler Sigourney (about 1790 – 14 July 1813) was an officer in the United States Navy who was killed during the War of 1812. |
James Sigourney | Biography | Biography
Sigourney was born in Boston, Massachusetts, and was appointed midshipman on 16 January 1809. He served in Wasp and then became sailing master of the brig, Nautilus. He was captured with his ship shortly after the outbreak of the War of 1812; and, after his exchange had been effected, he was placed in command of Asp, a schooner fitted out to defend the Chesapeake Bay. On 14 July 1813, Asp was attacked by three British barges but succeeded in driving them off. On a second attack, however, Asp was boarded, and Sigourney was killed at his post on deck. |
James Sigourney | Namesakes | Namesakes
Two U.S. Navy ships have been named USS Sigourney in his honor. |
James Sigourney | References | References
Category:1790s births
Category:1813 deaths
Category:United States Navy officers
Category:Military personnel from Boston
Category:United States Navy personnel of the War of 1812
Category:American military personnel killed in the War of 1812
Category:War of 1812 prisoners of war held by the United Kingdom |
James Sigourney | Table of Content | '''James Butler Sigourney''', Biography, Namesakes, References |
Liberalism in Slovakia | short description | This article is intended to give an overview of liberalism in Slovakia. |
Liberalism in Slovakia | History | History |
Liberalism in Slovakia | During the Communist era | During the Communist era
In 1944, the conservative Democratic Party was founded. In 1948, the Democratic Party was replaced by the pro-communist Party of Slovak Revival. |
Liberalism in Slovakia | Late 20th century | Late 20th century
In 1989, Hungarian liberals established the . In 1992, the party was renamed to the Hungarian Civic Party. In 1998, the party merged into the .
Also in 1989, the Party of Slovak Revival renamed itself to Democratic Party. During the same year, Public Against Violence was formed. In 1991, Public Against Violence was renamed to Civic Democratic Union.
In 1993, Dissidents from the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia established the Alliance of Democrats of the Slovak Republic, led by Milan Kňažko In 1994, the party merged with a second dissident group, the Alliance for Political Realism, into the Democratic Union of Slovakia (Demokratická Únia na Slovensku). In 1995, Democratic Union of Slovakia merged with the National Democratic Party into the Democratic Union. |
Liberalism in Slovakia | 21st century | 21st century
In 2001, liberals around Pavol Rusko established the Alliance of the New Citizen (ANC). In 2006, Hope split from ANC. In March 2009, liberals around the economist Richard Sulík established the Freedom and Solidarity party, which is the ideological successor of the Alliance of the New Citizen. In 2016–17, liberals founded Progressive Slovakia. In 2018, Together – Civic Democracy led by former SDKÚ-DS member Miroslav Beblavý split from the Slovak Conservative Party.
In 2018, widespread protests over the murder of Ján Kuciak were seen as a signal of a comeback for Slovak liberals. In the 2019 Slovak presidential election, Zuzana Čaputová's election as president was described by Foreign Policy as "[seeming] to confirm the ascendance of Slovak liberals that had started the previous year". |
Liberalism in Slovakia | See also | See also
History of Slovakia
Politics of Slovakia
List of political parties in Slovakia |
Liberalism in Slovakia | References | References
Slovakia
Category:Political history of Slovakia |
Liberalism in Slovakia | Table of Content | short description, History, During the Communist era, Late 20th century, 21st century, See also, References |
Richard Ervin | Short description | Richard William Ervin Jr. (born Richard Reehorse Ervin, January 26, 1905 – August 24, 2004) was the Florida Attorney General from 1949 to 1964 and served as chief justice of the Florida Supreme Court from 1969 to 1971. He is credited with guiding the state from segregation (based on the brief he wrote to the United States Supreme Court's request from each state's Attorney General on how to rule regarding Brown v. Board of Education), and desegregating its schools. His son, Richard W. Ervin III, was a judge of the First District Court of Appeal for 30 years and retired at the end of 2006.
Ervin was a graduate of the University of Florida where he was a member of Phi Kappa Tau fraternity and earned his law degree at the University of Florida College of Law in 1928. Following his retirement, he was of counsel to the law firm founded by his brother Robert Ervin, in Tallahassee. He received an honorary degree from Florida State University. From 1954 to 1975, Ervin was a national director of the fraternal organization Woodmen of the World. |
Richard Ervin | References | References
Category:1905 births
Category:2004 deaths
Category:People from Carrabelle, Florida
Category:University of Florida alumni
Category:Florida attorneys general
Category:Justices of the Supreme Court of Florida
Category:Florida lawyers
Category:Florida Democrats
Category:20th-century American judges
Category:Chief justices of the Supreme Court of Florida
Category:Fredric G. Levin College of Law alumni
Category:20th-century American lawyers |
Richard Ervin | Table of Content | Short description, References |
Tom and Jerry (Van Beuren) | Short description | thumb|Film poster
Tom and Jerry are fictional characters that starred in a series of early sound cartoons produced by the Van Beuren Studios, and distributed by RKO Pictures. The series lasted from 1931 to 1933.
American cartoon artist Joseph Barbera began his career as an animator and storyman on this series. In 1940, Barbera co-created with William Hanna another duo of cartoon characters for MGM using the same names: a cat and mouse named Tom and Jerry. When Official Films purchased the Van Beuren library in the early 1940s, the characters were renamed Dick and Larry to avoid confusion with MGM's Tom and Jerry. Despite this, animation historians refer to the original Tom and Jerry characters as Van Beuren's Tom and Jerry. All of the cartoons are currently available in the public domain. |
Tom and Jerry (Van Beuren) | Description | Description
The characters were a Mutt and Jeff-like pair, one short (Jerry) and one tall (Tom). Each cartoon featured a different adventure and the plot varied from film to film. Sometimes they were lawyers, hunters, plumbers, hobos, etc. The duo were likely named after the stage play and/or the mixed drink of the same name, both of which predated the duo by a century through an 1821 book titled Life in London written by Pierce Egan (British sportswriter and author of Boxiana), which was based on George Cruikshank's, Isaac Robert Cruikshank's, and Egan's own careers. Stylistically, the cartoons were similar to those made by Fleischer Studios, which like Van Beuren Studios was located in New York City; one 1932 short, Piano Tooners, even introduced a "flapper" character similar to Fleischer's Betty Boop, and Maltin (1980) says "it's probable that one of the women who did Betty Boop's voice . . . also worked on recording sessions for this studio."Maltin, Leonard. Of Mice and Magic: a History of American Animated Cartoons. Von Hoffmann Press, Inc., 1980. p. 198. According to Markstein's Toonopedia, Fleischer staff sometimes moonlighted at Van Beuren's, which was situated just across the road, and this accounts for the many visual similarities between the two. Tom and Jerry's adventures were generally absurd comedies featuring music as sound effects. Tom and Jerry, however, did not obtain popularity of the type Mickey Mouse, Betty Boop, and Bosko had, and the series was cancelled in 1933. |
Tom and Jerry (Van Beuren) | Filmography | Filmography
Title Directors First release Wot a Night John Foster and George Stallings August 1, 1931 Polar Pals John Foster and George Rufle September 5, 1931 Trouble John Foster and George Stallings October 10, 1931 Jungle Jam John Foster and George Rufle November 14, 1931 A Swiss Trick John Foster and George Stallings December 19, 1931 Rocketeers John Foster and George Rufle January 30, 1932 Rabid Hunters John Foster and George Stallings February 27, 1932 In the Bag John Foster and George Rufle March 26, 1932 Joint Wipers John Foster and George Stallings April 23, 1932 Pots and Pans John Foster and George Rufle May 14, 1932 The Tuba Tooter John Foster and George Stallings June 4, 1932 Plane Dumb John Foster and George Rufle June 4, 1932 Redskin Blues John Foster and George Stallings July 23, 1932 Jolly Fish John Foster and George Stallings August 19, 1932 Barnyard Bunk John Foster and George Rufle September 16, 1932 A Spanish Twist John Foster and George Stallings October 7, 1932 Piano Tooners John Foster and George Rufle November 11, 1932 Pencil Mania John Foster and George Stallings December 9, 1932 Tight Rope Tricks John Foster and George Rufle January 6, 1933 Magic Mummy John Foster and George Stallings February 3, 1933 Happy Hoboes George Stallings and George Rufle March 31, 1933 Puzzled Pals George Stallings and Frank Sherman March 31, 1933 Hook and Ladder Hokum(also A Fireman's Life and "Fire! Fire!" through Astra TV and Official Films, respectively) George Stallings and Frank Tashlin (the latter credited as 'Tish Tash') April 28, 1933 In the Park Frank Sherman and George Rufle May 26, 1933 Doughnuts Frank Sherman and George Rufle July 7, 1933 The Phantom Rocket Frank Sherman and George Rufle July 28, 1933 |
Tom and Jerry (Van Beuren) | Home video availability | Home video availability
Thunderbean Animation released a Blu-ray in January 2024 with the best prints of the shorts currently available, including 'Piano Tooners' from the original camera negative. it was an upgrade of the DVD they released in 2010.
Also, Mill Creek Entertainment released 12 shorts out of 26 as part of the Giant 600 Cartoon Collection, 150 Cartoon Classics, 100 Classic Cartoons, and 200 Classic Cartoons DVD sets. The series appeared on Tom Sawyer, And Other Cartoon Treasures, including Tom and Jerry shorts.
Some shorts were eventually restored on some Cartoon Roots Blu-ray releases. It was also released on DVD as Tom and Jerry & Friends: The Tuba Tooter as part of the Digiview Productions’ Cartoon Craze series. The short (The Tuba Tooter) was included on one of the discs of 350 Classic Cartoons as well. |
Tom and Jerry (Van Beuren) | See also | See also
List of films in the public domain in the United States |
Tom and Jerry (Van Beuren) | References | References |
Tom and Jerry (Van Beuren) | External links | External links
Before the Cat and Mouse: Van Beuren's Tom and Jerry
Plane Dumb, a Tom and Jerry cartoon
Public Domain Movie Torrents with PDA iPod Divx PSP versions
TOM & JERRY: Antes del gato y el ratón (Spanish)
Category:Animated duos
Category:Animated film series
Category:Film characters introduced in 1931
Category:Animated characters introduced in 1931
Category:Film series introduced in 1931
Category:Van Beuren Studios |
Tom and Jerry (Van Beuren) | Table of Content | Short description, Description, Filmography, Home video availability, See also, References, External links |
Lawyers Without Borders | distinguish | Lawyers Without Borders (LWOB) is an international non-profit organization founded in 2000 by Connecticut Attorney, Christina M. Storm, which operates worldwide from its central headquarters located in New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.A. Its single affiliate, Lawyers Without Borders UK, was founded in 2003 and is headquartered in London, having acquired UK charity status in June 2010. Lawyers from around the world are engaged as volunteers either individually or through their employers (usually either a law firm or an in-house department) who support LWOB as pro bono partners. To date, the countries which contribute the largest number of lawyer volunteers to LWOB field work are the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and Australia.
The two organizations share the goal of engaging the legal profession in internationally oriented pro bono rule of law work. They support capacity building in the judicial sector of developing nations and regions emerging from conflict through training of judges and lawyers in trial advocacy. The organizations utilize a week-long intense training using mock scenarios in the following contexts: Criminal Law (general), Trafficking in Persons, Inheritance & Succession and Gender Based and Domestic Violence. Other major program areas include: Neutral Trial Observation, Assessment and Evaluation, Technical Assistance (Roadmaps, Manuals, Legal Analysis, Research and Legislative Drafting) and Community Outreach. Community work is focused upon access to justice issues and to date have included themes of civic participation and engagement, rights based education in partnership with local (in-country) NGOs and rights-based education embedded in LWOB supported and managed micro-enterprise.
LWOB integrates major pro bono components in the form of resources and volunteer with the self-funded participation of highly skilled and committed lawyers in nearly all of its programming. This system evaluates the specialized skills of each volunteer and places them into a program after considering and evaluating the following criteria: legal expertise, years in practice, time availability, orientation, language skills and international travel and or living experience. LWOB's programs are typically funded by third party foundations and grant making agencies and typically contain "cost-share" components, leveraging donated human resources and in-kind support.
The organization's orientation is strictly neutral; like the Red Cross and Médecins Sans Frontières, it does not engage in "watch-dog" advocacy. It does not use media or publicity to bring attention to its work in-country and for the safety of its lawyers and integrity of its in-country work often conducts its programming well below the radar of the international press. This approach has helped LWOB gain the respect of governments and authorities who may have otherwise limited in-country engagement of international NGOs. LWOB's programming and models have been implemented throughout Africa (Liberia, Kenya, Ethiopia, Namibia, Cameroon, Tanzania, Mozambique, Rwanda and Uganda). Regions outside Africa where work has been conducted or is planned include: Kyrgyzstan, China, Albania, India. |
Lawyers Without Borders | Student divisions | Student divisions
As of January 2021, there are 29 formally approved Student Divisions of Lawyers without Borders, including at the University of Bristol (UK), the University of Exeter, Durham University (UK), Cambridge University (UK), The London School of Economics (UK), Brooklyn Law School (USA), New York Law School (USA), Oxford University (UK), City University of London, the School of Oriental and African Studies (UK), UConn (Undergraduate), University of Aberdeen (UK), and the Queensland University of Technology (AUS). In the past, LWOB has engaged law students through less formal collaborations at UToronto, UMiami, College of Law (UK), and UConn Law. LWOB offers in-house internships to up to 30 students each year over the course of three terms: Fall, Winter/Spring and Summer. Some virtual internships are available each year and in-country placements are generally available for periods of between 6 – 12 months in Kenya, Liberia and the United Kingdom.
Lawyers Without Borders is an official "Without Borders" trademark-protected organization. It has no affiliation with Avocats Sans Frontières or Doctors Without Borders.
Lawyers Without Borders is commonly known by its United Nations acronym, LWOB. |
Lawyers Without Borders | Mission statement | Mission statement
To advance global rule of law, build capacity and integrity in the world’s justice sectors, and support transitions and development. LWOB engage with lawyers and judges dedicated to pro bono service and integrate them into initiatives that directly or indirectly serve the underserved, protect the disadvantaged, and promote human rights.
LWOB's objective is to develop programs that improve access to justice guided by a mandate of neutrality and independence. |
Lawyers Without Borders | References | References |
Lawyers Without Borders | External links | External links
Official website
Cambridge University Lawyers Without Borders Student Division
Category:Charities based in Connecticut
Category:International human rights organizations
Category:Legal organizations based in the United States
Category:Organizations established in 2000
Category:2000 establishments in Connecticut |
Lawyers Without Borders | Table of Content | distinguish, Student divisions, Mission statement, References, External links |
Avenue A | '''Avenue A''' | Avenue A may refer to:
Avenue A (Brooklyn), in Canarsie, Brooklyn, New York City
Avenue A (Manhattan), in Manhattan, New York City
Avenue A (Saskatoon), now Idylwyld Drive, an arterial road in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
Razorfish (company), formerly Avenue A | Razorfish, an American advertising agency
"Avenue 'A, a 1979 song by Red Rider from Don't Fight It |
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