instruction
stringlengths 11
3.5k
| context
stringlengths 15
23.5k
| response
stringlengths 2
26k
|
|---|---|---|
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Pakistan finally got their World Cup campaign up and running as they beat Zimbabwe by 20 runs in a low-scoring contest in Brisbane. Batting first they made 235 - recovering from four for two - and were then able to restrict Zimbabwe to 215 all out in their chase, meaning they picked up a first victory after defeats to India and West Indies. Captain Misbah-ul-Haq's 73 underpinned the Pakistan batting, while Mohammad Irfan (four for 30) and Wahab Riaz (four for 35) shone with the ball. Pakistan's Mohammad Irfan celebrates the wicket of Solomon Mire; the bowler took four wickets for 30 runs . Pakistan captain Misbah-ul-Haq top-scored for his side, managing 73 runs before being dismissed . Ul-Haq plays a shot, while Zimbabwe wicket keeper Brendan Taylor watches on from behind the stumps . They shackled Zimbabwe, with Brendan Taylor's 50 not enough to get the job done. Irfan removed the top three for a combined 46, having Chamu Chibhabha (nine) and Sikandar Raza (eight) edging him to second slip, while Hamilton Masakadza holed out to mid-on (29). Taylor had made good progress but nicked Riaz behind for a 72-ball 50, and the wickets continued to fall as Sean Williams hit Rahat Ali to backward point (33). Solomon Mire made just eight before Irfan got rid of him, and Craig Ervine 14 nicked Riaz to Umar Akmal - one of five catches for the keeper. The Pakistan players celebrate after taking the wicket of Zimbabwe's Wahab Riaz during their Pool B match . Earlier in the day, Shahid Afridi was dismissed for a duck, but Pakistan managed to put together a total of 235 . Tendai Chatar (second left) is surrounded by his Zimbabwe team-mates after dismissing Nasir Jamshed . Tuwanda Mupariwa went for a duck, Tinashe Panyangara was run out for 10 and then, when Elton Chigumbura edged Riaz behind, the game was done. It was fortunate for Pakistan that they were not facing a more dangerous side considering their own score. Their innings got off to a terrible start and they found themselves reeling on four for two after only 23 balls. Nasir Jamshed was the first man out, caught at square leg off the bowling of Tendai Chatara. Elton Chigumbura suffered a suspected torn quadricep while fielding, but managed to bat later on in the day . Chigumbura lies on the turf in Brisbane, but the Zimbabwe captain later took to the field, scoring 35 runs . Taylor (left) watches on as Afridi dives low to his left to stop the ball going past him during the match . The same bowler took the second wicket too, inducing an edge off Ahmed Shehzad who nicked behind for an 11-ball duck. Haris Sohail joined up with Misbah and the duo put on 54 until the former was caught at short mid-wicket, Raza doing the job. Another healthy stand, this time of 69, pushed the team score behind a hundred, before Akmal (33) was cleaned up by Williams. Afridi (centre) walks from the crease after being dismissed for a duck off the bowling of Sean Williams . Tawanda Mupariwa (centre) celebrates after he caught and bowled Sohaib Maqsood of Pakistan . It had been a fine performance by Zimbabwe at that point and it got better when Shahid Afridi holed out for a second-ball duck on his 35th birthday, bowled by Williams. Sohaib Maqsood added 21, having been dropped by Ervine on eight, while a substitute fielder also shelled Riaz when he was on 41, with the number 10 going on to make his first ODI half-century from 45 balls. He was left unbeaten on 54 at the end, with Sohail caught and bowled by Mupariwa and Misbah removed for an excellent 73 when he was caught at long on, giving Chatara his third scalp for 35 runs. Zimbabwe's Sikandar Raza avoids a short delivery from Pakistan's 7ft 1 bowler Irfan, who impressed . Irfan adjusts his hat as he watches on from the boundary during Zimbabwe's innings . | Pakistan won the toss, decided to bat, and recorded 235-7 in their innings . Zimbabwe captain Elton Chigumbura suffered a suspected quadricep tear while fielding but managed to bat despite his injury . Despite coming close, thanks to a heroic effort from Chigumbura at the end of the innings, Zimbabwe could not reach the total . Zimbabwe were bowled out for 215, and Pakistan recorded their first win of the 2015 World Cup to move off the bottom of Pool B . |
What is WordPress? | WordPress (WP or WordPress.org) is a free and open-source content management system (CMS) written in hypertext preprocessor (PHP) language and paired with a MySQL or MariaDB database with supported HTTPS. Features include a plugin architecture and a template system, referred to within WordPress as "Themes". WordPress was originally created as a blog-publishing system but has evolved to support other web content types including more traditional mailing lists and Internet fora, media galleries, membership sites, learning management systems (LMS) and online stores. | WordPress is a Content Management System (CMS) written in hypertext preprocessor (PHP). It uses either a MySQL or MariaDB database and has a robust library of WordPress plugins and themes for customization. |
Is Chi Kraeng River in South America, Southeast Asia, or Australia? | Chi Kraeng River is a river in Cambodia. It is a major tributary of the Tonlé Sap. The name means "great ancestor" in Khmer. | Southeast Asia |
Given this paragraph about heart, for how many deaths (in %) as of 2008 do cardiovascular diseases account for? | Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of death globally as of 2008, accounting for 30% of deaths. Of these more than three-quarters are a result of coronary artery disease and stroke. Risk factors include: smoking, being overweight, little exercise, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and poorly controlled diabetes, among others. Cardiovascular diseases do not frequently have symptoms but may cause chest pain or shortness of breath. Diagnosis of heart disease is often done by the taking of a medical history, listening to the heart-sounds with a stethoscope, ECG, echocardiogram, and ultrasound. Specialists who focus on diseases of the heart are called cardiologists, although many specialties of medicine may be involved in treatment. | 30% |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger wants his team to focus on maintaining their own performances levels over the final nine Barclays Premier League games rather than worry about whether leaders Chelsea might slip up again. Despite having gone out of the Champions League to Monaco on away goals after Wednesday night's 2-0 win at the Stade Louis II Stadium, with a run of eight victories from the last nine league matches, Arsenal are certainly in fine domestic form, having also progressed to the semi-finals of the FA Cup, where they will face Reading at Wembley on April 18. Following last weekend's Premier League results, which saw Manchester City lose and leaders Chelsea held to a draw at Stamford Bridge by Southampton, Blues boss Jose Mourinho declared the Gunners now back in the title race, albeit still seven points behind and having played a match more. The Arsenal squad are put through their paces in Colney ahead of facing Newcastle on Saturday . Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger only wants his side to focus on maintaining their level of performances . Monaco celebrate after knocking the Gunners out of the Champions League on away goals . Arsenal will host Chelsea at the end of April, but Wenger maintains his men must first continue to deliver consistent results and not concern themselves with the form of other sides. 'At the moment we are too far away from Chelsea, but we have an opportunity every week to get closer and for that we need positive results from us, and negative results from Chelsea. The only thing we can master is positive results from us,' said Wenger, who takes his team to Newcastle on Saturday. 'I believe Chelsea still has a very good cushion and very good security.' Wenger continued: 'It is very tight. Santi Cazorla (centre) sprints off during a training exercise, and will hope to keep up his fine recent form . England international Theo Walcott (left) and Nacho Monreal keep their eye on the ball in training . Centre back Per Mertesacker controls the ball as Arsenal team-mates watch on at London Colney . Tomas Rosicky challenges Frances Coquelin (left) whilst Alexis Sanchez cracks a smile (right) Arsenal's No 1 keeper David Ospina will hope to keep another clean sheet at St James' Park on Saturday . 'We are on the neck of Man City, but straight behind us we have Man United and Liverpool, even Tottenham and Southampton are not completely out of it. 'But we just have to focus on our performances and our strengths. I do not count on the weaknesses of any of our opponents. 'It is down to our performances until the end of the season.' Defender Gabriel Paulista lunges for the ball during training as his team-mates watch on . Wojciech Szczesny works hard in training as he tries to push for a starting place at Newcastle on Saturday . German midfielder Mesut Ozil believes the Arsenal players have the needed focus to deliver. He said on the club's official website www.arsenal.com: 'In the Premier League everything is possible and we have to look forward now. 'We have important games in front of us that we want to be successful in.' Olivier Giroud (centre) has been in fine form and will aim to find the back of the net against Newcastle . Newcastle may have some selection concerns, with head coach John Carver having only some 13 fit senior outfield players, but Wenger is expecting the home support to lift the beleaguered Magpies. 'Newcastle is always very tight, very difficult games,' he said. 'They always have a very motivated crowd and they always play well against us.' Midfielder Aaron Ramsey (left), under a challenge from Danny Welbeck, is vying for a starting place . | Arsenal crashed out of the Champions League on away goals to Monaco . The Gunners are third in the league, seven points off leaders Chelsea . Arsene Wenger's side face Newcastle at St James' Park on Saturday . READ: Newcastle United vs Arsenal team news and probable line-ups . CLICK HERE for all the latest Arsenal news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Former Newcastle defender Davide Santon has been called up to the Italy squad for Tuesday's friendly against England. Santon, who made his loan move from Newcastle to Inter Milan permanent last month, has been drafted into Antonio Conte's squad following injuries to Matteo Darmian and Manuel Pasqual. AC Milan defender Ignazio Abate has also been called up. Davide Santon (left) will face England after being called into the Italian squad as a late replacement . Santon spent a spell with Newcastle before returning to his homeland with Inter Milan . Italy warmed up for England's visit with a 2-2 draw in their Euro 2016 qualifier away to Bulgaria on Saturday. Goalkeeper and captain Gianluigi Buffon sat out the match in Sofia with flu and he is a doubt for the international against Roy Hodgson's men at the Juventus Stadium. Italy players, including Ciro Immobile (centre), train ahead of Tuesday's friendly clash with England . Theo Walcott has been picked out by Giorgio Chiellini as the England player who can be most dangerous . Meanwhile, Italy defender Giorgio Chiellini is more concerned about the presence of Theo Walcott than the goal threat posed by Wayne Rooney and Harry Kane in Turin. 'I am always a fan of Walcott, a quick sprinter and terrifying for defenders,' Chiellini said. 'England notice his absence. For the world of football, it is positive that Walcott recuperates totally to his top level.' Italy beat England 2-1 in last summer's World Cup and also eliminated the Three Lions from Euro 2008 in a quarter-final penalty shoot-out. | The Three Lions face Italy in an international friendly on Tuesday . The Azzurri have injuries to Matteo Darmian and Manuel Pasqual . Inter Milan's Davide Santon and AC Milan defender Ignazio Abate have been called up as replacements . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Former Monaco and Tottenham star Glenn Hoddle has predicted a 'difficult' evening for Arsenal as they try to stage a Champions League comeback against Monaco on Tuesday. The Gunners' European hopes are hanging by a thread following a 3-1 capitulation against the French side in the first leg at the Emirates. Hoddle, who was part of the Monaco side that won the league title under Arsene Wenger in 1988, is doubtful that Arsenal will be able to score three goals at the Stade Louis II - a feat that hasn't been managed by any other team in the last 42 months. Mark Hateley and Glenn Hoddle (left) recently returned to their former club Monaco . Arsene Wenger took Hateley and Hoddle to the south of France and won the Ligue 1 title in their first year . Alexis Sanchez looks dejected as Monaco tie up a 3-1 Champions League first leg lead at the Emirates . Speaking to TV station beIN SPORTS, Hoddle said: 'It will be an emotional game for Arsene Wenger, to return here. Difficult. 'Arsenal are playing very well now, they're quick and technical, but AS Monaco are tough defensively.' Arsenal warmed up for the crucial decider with a 3-0 victory over West Ham on Saturday, while Monaco defeated Bastia by the same scoreline on Friday - giving the Ligue 1 side an extra 24hours rest. Olivier Giroud scored as Arsenal warmed up for the return leg with a 3-0 defeat of West Ham . Arsenal manager Wenger faces an 'emotional return' as the Gunners bid to come back at the Stade Louis II . Meanwhile, another former Monaco player Mark Hateley believes the contrasting styles between the two teams should lead to a 'fascinating' encounter. 'I think Arsenal are obviously very attacking minded, like to go forward and score lots of goals. I think Monaco are very, very well organised defensively, they are a good group, they play with great discipline, said the former England striker. 'So it'll be a fascinating game. A good game to watch.' Former Tottenham forward Dimitar Berbatov takes part in a Monaco training session ahead of the game . | Arsenal trail Monaco 3-1 heading into Champions League last 16 return . Former Monaco player Glenn Hoddle doubts Arsenal can come back . No team has scored three goals at Stade Louis II in the last 42 months . READ: Monaco train ahead of UEFA Champions League tie against Arsenal . CLICK HERE for all the latest Arsenal news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | The League Cup remains Celtic’s Achilles heel. The Scottish trophy which has eluded them most often. Since beating Saturday's opponents Dundee United in the 1997-98 final, the Parkhead club have won it a further four times. To supporters of smaller, provincial clubs, that would be a form of nirvana. A glorious period of outstanding achievement. Ronny Deila is determined to get his hands on the League Cup after Sunday's final against Dundee United . To Celtic, it’s a source of mild failure. In the same period the club has captured twice as many league titles. And six Scottish Cups The clubs previous two managers, Tony Mowbray and Neil Lennon, didn’t win the League Cup at all and Lennon’s record in cups was a source of occasional unrest. For Ronny Deila, then, the first trophy of his Celtic tenure would be hugely significant. ‘It is something we would remember for the rest of our lives,’ said the Norwegian. ‘Cup finals are big. They are big in Norway and in Scotland and England. This tradition is important.’ Bold and forthright, Deila has publicly pledged to win a Treble. Managers usually play down talk of clean sweeps and banish the very words from their vocabulary. A fatalistic, superstitious streak runs through Scottish football, but Deila isn’t having it. Far from piling pressure on himself or his players, he believes it sets a target to strive for. Celtic expect to win all three domestic trophies every season. Saying so should be no cause for palpitations. ‘I am very calm,’ said Deila with a grin. ‘Maybe too much. Hopefully it will come on Sunday - but we have so many big matches you get used to it. ‘If this had been a small club, the cup final would be totally crazy. It would be all: “Who is going to sit here and what are we going to do with the supporters?” But this club has done it so many times, so it’s very calm. ‘We just prepare for what’s ahead of us and I think we can feel in the atmosphere of the players there is a big game coming up. Again, we can reach one of our targets and that’s important.’ Deila issues instructions to his players during the recent Scottish Cup quarter-final draw with Dundee United . In one sense he is correct. Celtic have been in many cup finals, too many to mention. But he hasn’t. ‘In 2010, Stromsgodset beat a First Division team in the final,’ he recalled. ‘I played in 2001 and won, then lost one in 2002. The cup final is big in Norway, there is only one cup and, like the FA Cup, it’s the last game of the season and is always sold out. ‘I have seen crazy things at the cup final. Things like: “Who is going to sit beside the King?” That’s how it is with small clubs. Not here.’ He believes Celtic are favourites to win because they have the bigger squad. More options. Those options will be diminished if Nir Bitton, an increasingly influential midfielder, fails to overcome a swollen ankle. But Kris Commons is fit again and ready. ‘Kris trained yesterday (Thursday) and looked good,’ reported Deila. ‘Adam Matthews is a bit too early. Bitton will hopefully reach it, though he has still not trained. But he is very determined, so hopefully he will reach it. ‘We will give him until Sunday because he is a very important player. We want him to play and I think he has a good chance.’ That Celtic have the personnel is beyond doubt. There will be more focus at Hampden on the discipline of the teams. Dundee United manager Jackie McNamara poses with the Celtic boss and the League Cup at Hampden . So edgy and ill-tempered – and hugely enjoyable - was the Scottish Cup tie between these two teams at Tannadice last Sunday that people are already looking for ‘afters.’ Evidence of bad blood which might lead to another day of big decisions and navel-gazing over the state of Scottish refereeing. Warning his team to keep their discipline, Deila recalled: ‘It was the same against Rangers. If you lose your discipline there and get a red card you can lose the game. ‘I think we have been disciplined. Last Sunday some things happened after a situation. ‘Again, when something happens like that you must keep discipline and focus. So I expect my players to do that in every game now. ‘We have to be disciplined. We have to think and we have to not do stupid things. Stay on your feet and nothing will happen. ‘You have to have controlled aggression. John Collins is always saying that. We have to be determined and high on motivation and aggression. ‘We have to be clear thinkers about what to do in certain situations. We want the team to be like that and we want to be the same way.’ Chief Executive Peter Lawwell and Deila pictured after Celtic announce new agreement with New Balance . He locked his players away in a form of exile at their Lennoxtown training ground before the Rangers game and has employed similar tactics this week. Nothing has been left to chance. The Scottish League Cup gets a bad press. The crowds are poor, the interest levels low. The semi-finals were played on a Hampden pitch better suited to Chinese rice farmers, but a new surface has been laid for the final and Deila gave it the all-clear after a brief walkabout on Thursday. The prospect of a new Celtic manager going for his first trophy in charge sets a new narrative for Sunday. Nothing will be left to chance in pursuit of the prize. ‘All I do is go to Lennoxtown and then go home,’ said Deila. ‘You have to prepare for whatever is coming up, the next game all the time, and it has been a usual week for us. ‘We have big goals and one of them is to win trophies. The other is to develop the club in the direction I want it to go and they want it to go. ‘We have started well. The first year is always so hard wherever you go. You have to get people to understand what you believe in and you have to get to know people. If we can start by winning a trophy on Sunday, it would be a very good start.’ | Celtic play Dundee United in the Scottish League Cup final on Sunday . Ronny Deila's side are bidding to win the domestic treble this season . Deila says losing cup final in Norway was the worst thing he has done . |
Given this paragraph on Mercury-Redstone 1, how many people were on the MR-1 when the launched failed, and when was the launch? | Mercury-Redstone 1 (MR-1) was the first Mercury-Redstone uncrewed flight test in Project Mercury and the first attempt to launch a Mercury spacecraft with the Mercury-Redstone Launch Vehicle. Intended to be an uncrewed sub-orbital spaceflight, it was launched on November 21, 1960 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida. The launch failed in abnormal fashion: immediately after the Mercury-Redstone rocket started to move, it shut itself down and settled back on the pad, after which the capsule jettisoned its escape rocket and deployed its recovery parachutes. The failure has been referred to as the "four-inch flight", for the approximate distance traveled by the launch vehicle. | MR-1 was launched on November 21, 1960, and MR-1 was an uncrewed flight, so there were no people on the spacecraft. |
Given a reference text about George Watson Buck, tell me where he went to Quaker School and where he got a job in 1807. | George Watson Buck (1789–1854) was the engineer of the Montgomeryshire Canal in the early 19th century, and was responsible for the unique lock paddle design.
He was later resident engineer during the building of the London and Birmingham Railway, and also designed Stockport Viaduct and the Dane Valley Viaduct on the Manchester and Birmingham Railway.
Early life
Buck was born on 1 April 1789 at Stoke Holy Cross, near Norwich. His parents were Quakers and sent him, with his two brothers, to the Quaker School at Ackworth, West Yorkshire. With his schooling completed, his father placed him with a wholesaler at Tower Hill, London, as he wanted him to be involved in trade, but the position did not suit Buck, and so he looked for something else. Around 1807, the East London Waterworks Company were building Old Ford pumping station, which had been designed by Ralph Walker, and Buck managed to secure a job there. When the job was finished, Walker moved on to Farlington, to work on a water supply scheme for Portsmouth and Gosport. The scheme had been authorised by an Act of Parliament in 1809, and Buck went to work as resident engineer, reporting to Walker. The scheme suffered from an intermittent water supply, as did a competing scheme engineered by William Nicholson. | George Watson Buck went to Quaker School at Ackworth, West Yorkshire and got a job at the East London Waterworks Company in 1807. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Saudi Arabia is beheading criminals at an unprecedented rate - almost half of them for non-violent drugs crimes, the human rights charity Amnesty International has warned. The Arab state is believed to have executed 38 people so far this year, treble the number in the same period in 2014 and a sign its new King Salman is showing no mercy to offenders. Now Amnesty has sounded the latest of several warnings over the country's 'unfair' justice system and harsh punishments. Regime: Some 38 people have already been beheaded in Saudi Arabia this year. King Salman (above meeting British Prime Minister David Cameron) was crowned in January and shows no sign of leniency . The charity's Saudi Arabia researcher, Sevag Kechichian, told Adam Withnall of The Independent: 'Almost half of this year's executions have actually been for non-violent drugs-related offences. 'There's no real rhyme or reason for this upsurge in executions, and in a way this makes it all the more alarming.' The Saudi authorities insist there is a surge in the number of executions because . Rape, murder, apostasy, armed robbery and drug trafficking are all punishable by death under Saudi Arabia's version of Islamic sharia law. No mercy: King Salman pictured in January . One diplomatic source told the AFP news agency the surge in beheadings had started long before the reign of King Salman, who was crowned in January after the death of his half-brother King Abdullah. 'The Saudi authorities want to show everyone they are strong, people can rely on them to keep the security and the safety in the kingdom,' said the source. The insider claimed the aim was to deter all forms of violence but the policy is linked to the kingdom's fight against the Islamic State group. In September, Saudi Arabia began air strikes against the terrorists in Syria as part of the US-led coalition, raising concerns about possible retaliation inside the kingdom. Security officers arrested three Saudis who allegedly acted 'in support of' the group when they shot and wounded a Dane in November. But Mr Kechichian said: 'The current rate has been truly unprecedented. It would... be a stretch to say that this is an attempt to deter violence.' The United Nations has said many Saudi trials are 'by all accounts grossly unfair' and that confessions are obtained under torture. Amnesty's annual report last week made a similar warning. 'Courts continued to impose death sentences for a range of crimes, including some that did not involve violence, such as "sorcery", adultery and drug offences, frequently after unfair trials,' it said. Trickle of news: Individual beheadings are only discovered when confirmed by the Interior Ministry (above) 'Some defendants, including foreign nationals facing murder charges, alleged that they had been tortured or otherwise coerced or misled into making false confessions in pre-trial detention.' Those executed have included five Pakistanis, an Indian, two Jordanians, two Syrians and a Yemeni, with few foreign governments willing to appeal publicly for clemency from the oil-rich state. Three beheadings in a single day on Tuesday - one for rape and two for murder - took the total so far this year to 38, according to an AFP tally. | Amnesty International says Arab state has beheaded 38 people this year . That is treble the number executed over the same period in 2014 . Charity says nearly half have been for non-violent drugs crimes . Tally seen as sign new King Salman will show no mercy to offenders . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Eden Hazard capped off an excellent week by being crowned London Footballer of the Year less than a week after picking up his first domestic trophy with Chelsea. Hazard helped Chelsea win the Capital One Cup on Sunday with a 2-0 win over London rivals Tottenham and the Belgium international scored the only goal of the game on Wednesday night as the Blues maintained their five point advantage at the top of the Premier League with a win at West Ham. Eden Hazard was crowned Footballer of the Year at the London Football Awards . Tottenham's Harry Kane was named Young Player of the Year and Mark Warburton Manager of the Year . England manager Roy Hodgson and wife Sheila were at the awards along with Bob Wilson . And on Thursday night he scooped the Player of the Year award at the London Football Awards. Hazard has been in great form for Jose Mourinho’s side this season, scoring 14 goals in 40 games as Chelsea challenge for domestic and European honours. Chelsea team-mate Thibaut Courtois won the Goalkeeper of the Year award for his excellent displays between the sticks for the Premier League leaders this season. Former England manager Glenn Hoddle and England World Cup winner Geoff Hurst were at the awards . Former Watford striker Luther Blissett and Ex-Chelsea striker Jimmy Greaves and former Fulham defender George Cohen were also at the London Football Awards . Manager of the Year - Mark Warburton, Brentford . Goalkeeper of the Year - Thibaut Courtois, Chelsea . Outstanding Contribution to a London club - Arsene Wenger, Arsenal . Women's Player of the Year - Ji So-Yun, Chelsea . Young Footballer of the Year - Harry Kane, Tottenham . Community Project of the Year - Leyton Orient, Coping Through Football . Footballer of the Year - Eden Hazard, Chelsea . Tottenham’s Harry Kane – who has scored 24 goals in all competitions this season – was named Young Footballer of the Year. And Arsenal boss Arsene Wenger was honoured with the Outstanding Contribution to a London club. While outgoing Brentford boss Mark Warburton was named Manager of the Year after guiding the Bees into the play-off places in their first season in the Championship. The London Football Awards raises vital funds for Willow - the only national charity working with seriously ill young adults aged 16 to 40 to fulfil uplifting and unforgettable special days. | Chelsea winger Eden Hazard won Footballer of the Year . Tottenham striker Harry Kane scooped the Young Footballer of the Year . Arsene Wenger was honoured with Outstanding Contribution to a London club awards . Brentford manager Mark Warburton won the Manager of the Year prize . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Jordan Henderson has insisted the vast majority of England youngsters will want to play in the European Under-21 championship this summer – but that pressure from club managers can make it difficult. Henderson says that his time with the Under-21 was a huge learning curve, even though when he played in Under-21 Euro 2013 as captain, England lost all three games in a deeply disappointing tournament. Henderson also played in the 2011 European Under 21 championship, in which England also failed to win. England midfielder Jordan Henderson played in Under-21 Euro 2013 as captain . But with a club versus country row already developing over the availability of Harry Kane this summer, Henderson has urged the current generation to take their chance to play if they can . Henderson said: ‘I would tell any of those young lads to go out there and play in tournament football for their country at any level. ‘I thought I gained a lot of experience doing that. It wasn’t all good as I had two Under-21 tournaments and we didn’t do that well in either. We could have done a lot better with the team we had – but I learnt a lot from playing in those games. Club versus country row already developing over the availability of Harry Kane . ‘There was never any doubt for me. All I wanted to do was go and play. Obviously people get injuries, which you can't help, but if you're fit, I wanted to go. You've got to manage it with the club managers, who think about the best interest of the player. And you've got to understand that. But for me personally I want to play every game for club and country and if I'm fit I'll want to play at a tournament whatever the level. Henderson says that most of the players do want to play – but that pressure from clubs is the reason why sometimes are withdrawn from age-group squads. ‘I'm not sure it's players needing convincing,’ said Henderson. ‘If you asked all the lads they'd want to play. But managers of clubs have to manage the player the best they can and their best interest is the player. ‘If they feel the player is playing a lot of games and are afraid they'll burn out, that's an issue. But for me I just wanted to play as much football as I could, whenever for, and though the tournaments didn't turn out how we wanted, I gained a lot of experience.’ | Club managers could make it difficult for young players this summer . Club versus country row already developing over striker Harry Kane . |
From the passage provided, extract the names of the co-founders of Hadoop. Separate them with a comma. | According to its co-founders, Doug Cutting and Mike Cafarella, the genesis of Hadoop was the Google File System paper that was published in October 2003. This paper spawned another one from Google – "MapReduce: Simplified Data Processing on Large Clusters". Development started on the Apache Nutch project, but was moved to the new Hadoop subproject in January 2006. Doug Cutting, who was working at Yahoo! at the time, named it after his son's toy elephant. The initial code that was factored out of Nutch consisted of about 5,000 lines of code for HDFS and about 6,000 lines of code for MapReduce.
In March 2006, Owen O'Malley was the first committer to add to the Hadoop project; Hadoop 0.1.0 was released in April 2006. It continues to evolve through contributions that are being made to the project. The very first design document for the Hadoop Distributed File System was written by Dhruba Borthakur in 2007. | Doug Cutting, Mike Cafarella |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | El Salvador players and fans were left bemused ahead of their friendly against Argentina when, instead of pumping out their national anthem, the stadium's sound system instead played the anthem of Kazakhstan. The Central American minnows, ranked 89th in the world by FIFA, were facing the World Cup runners-up at Washington DC's FedEx Field on Saturday but their large travelling support were unimpressed as the stadium DJ's mistake became apparent ahead of kick-off. Rather than the familiar 'Himno Nacional de El Salvador', staff at the stadium which usually hosts the NFL's Washington Redskins played out 'Menin Qazaqstanim'. El Salvador players were left bemused when the Kazakhstan national anthem was played instead of theirs . The players, stood proud with hands on their chests, look confused by the error, glancing around . Having listened to the Kazakh anthem, the Salvadorans head for the handshakes with their heads down . Supporters instead the stadium had prepared a huge banner for the anthem but ended up booing it . El Salvador (5-4-1): Carillo; Flores, Mendoza, Molina, Renderos (Ceren 88), Larin; Alvarez, Ceren, Menjivar (Punyed 76), Alas (Santamaría 67); Bonilla (Burgos 59) Argentina (4-2-3-1): Guzman; Zabaleta, Musacchio, Funes Mori, Orban; Pereyra, Banega; Di Maria (Mancuello 73), Lavezzi, Tevez (Pastore 78); Higuain . Scorers: Renderos OG 54, Mancuello 88 . The players stood out on the pitch, with their hands across their chests looked confused at first, before becoming increasingly frustrated as boos rang out on to the field. The supporters - who had prepared a 'Vamos Selecta, Houston' flag to be carried over the crowd - reacted furiously. Washington is home to one of the largest Salvadoran communities outside of Central America and their followers outnumbered the Argentine support. To make things worse, El Salvador fell to an expected defeat against an Argentina side who left out Lionel Messi and Sergio Aguero. The distance from El Salvador to Kazakhstan is 7,909 miles, a fairly big mistake for the stadium staff to make . Argentina players celebrate after Federico Mancuello (left) scored a goal during the international friendly . Lionel Messi was not required by Argentina in their 2-0 win, and neither was Manchester City's Sergio Aguero . Gerardo Martino's side dominated the game and took the lead in the 54th minute thanks to a Nestor Renderos own goal deflected from Ever Banega's shot. Substitute Federico Mancuello then made sure of the win with a free kick from a tight angle on 88 minutes. Let us salute, the Motherland, proudly, . To be its children, called we can, . And let us swear our lives spiritedly, . Without rest to its good, consecrate! Of peace enjoyed in perfect happiness, . El Salvador always nobly dreamed. To achieve this has been her eternal proposition, . To keep it, Her greatest glory. With inviolable faith, the path of progress, . She strives to follow, . To fulfill her great destiny, . And conquer a happy future. A stern barrier protects her, . Against the clash of vile disloyalty, . Ever since the day when her soaring flag, . Wrote Freedom with it's blood. Translated from Spanish . Golden sun in the skies, . Golden seed in the steps, . Legend of courage, . Take a look at my country! From the antiquity our heroic glory emerged, . They did not give up their honour, . My Kazakh people are strong! The way was opened to the descendants, . By the vast land I have. Its unity is proper, . I have an independent country, . It welcomed the tests of time, . Like an eternal friend, . Our country is blessed, . Our country is such! Translated from Kazakh . | Argentina beat El Salvador 2-0 in an international friendly in Washington . But Kazakhstan's anthem was played at ground instead of El Salvador's . Players and fans were left bemused by the bizarre error at the FedEx Field . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)The sun cuts across Lake Nicaragua, casting shadows across lush flora and brightly colored boats. Rowing in unison, two girls paddle a canoe to school. Life on Lake Nicaragua is peaceful, rustic and isolated, but this could change with the pending completion of a canal that builders are likening to Panama's famed waterway. Headed by Hong Kong-based consortium HK Nicaragua Canal Development Investment Company (HKND), the $50 billion Nicaragua Canal (also called the Nicaragua Grand Canal and Interoceanic Canal) would create a gargantuan new shipping route through Nicaragua by connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. HKND was granted a 50-year concession by the Nicaraguan government in 2013 to build and operate the 278-kilometer (172 miles) canal, reportedly with the option for an extension. Construction will run from the Rio Punta Gorda on the Caribbean Coast to Brito on the Pacific. At up to 1,700 feet wide and 90 feet deep, the canal, if completed, will be deeper and wider than the Panama Canal. HKND announced the start of construction of the canal with a ceremony on December 22, 2014. The canal will run through Lake Nicaragua (among other areas), Central America's largest lake and freshwater reservoir, which not only preserves an integral part of Nicaragua's ecosystem, but directly supports numerous communities. By some estimates, 30,000 people will have to be relocated to carve a path for the canal. The prospect is nothing short of alarming for those living in the area, and those who cherish its untouched splendor. With the pending completion of the canal in 2019, Lake Nicaragua may be impacted in ways only time will reveal. Environmental experts worry that the shallow waters of the lake won't be able to withstand the dredging that will come with construction. Additionally, communities will likely be displaced and wetlands may become more vulnerable to destruction. "In terms of the canal impact on Lake Nicaragua, one big concern is the damage to the quality of the water; the ship traffic will pollute the water with toxic sediments and industrial chemicals and introduce destructive invasive species, plants and animals," Dr. Jorge A. Huete-Perez, vice president of the Nicaraguan Academy of Sciences and director of the Molecular Biology Center at the University of Central America told CNN. "Dredging of the lake for the construction of the canal will render the lake a 'dead zone' because of hypoxia, eutrophication and turbidity." In January, London-based scidev.net reported that an independent commission of experts -- including scientists from the InterAmerican Network of Academies of Science, Nicaraguan Academy of Sciences and International Council for Science -- had reached similar conclusions, warning of "unintended adverse consequences that could do economic, environmental and social harm." Like other critics of the canal construction, Huete-Perez wants greater transparency from HKND and the Nicaraguan government. "This whole thing has been fast-tracked without public consultations or the opportunity for an informed, documented debate," said Huete-Perez. On January 9, 2015, HKND responded to concerns about the lake's impact on communities in a statement on its website. "From July 21 to July 30, 2014, we and our environmental and social impact advisor, Environmental Resources Management (ERM), held scoping meetings across Nicaragua. Approximately 5,000 people participated in the scoping meetings, including housewives, students, professionals, agricultural producers, fishermen, artisans, businessmen and scholars," reads the company's statement, in part. The company says it held a press conference broadcast in real time to the public to announce the route of the canal and comment on the technical, geological, cultural and environmental impact of the project. Some skeptics doubt the hyper-ambitious canal is realistic. Pedro Alvarez, chairman of civil engineering at Rice University, has expressed doubts that it will ever be completed. He worries that it will be abandoned. His greatest concern is severe damage to Lake Nicaragua. Despite the concerns of environmental experts, the project is underway, making a visit to this beautiful area more compelling than ever. Largely unmarred by development, Lake Nicaragua is a sight to behold. During my recent guided visit with Nicaragua Vacations, I took a boat tour through the Islets of Granada, home to 365 scattered islands with majestic views of Mombacho volcano. At times, there was no other boat in sight -- only the rustle of a hidden howler monkey in the bushes and the volcano, ensconced in clouds and morning fog. The feeling of being everywhere and nowhere at once is part of Lake Nicaragua's charm. Another part of its charm is the people who live on it. At Padre Nello School on Lake Nicaragua, about 90 children canoe to school each day. Jicaro Island EcoLodge works with Padre Nello to bring clean water to the children and educational projects that encourage sustainability on the lake. Guests of the lodge can arrange visits. The islets are just southeast of the city of Granada (population approximately 120,000), where colonial buildings defy time, narrow alleyways lead to garden courtyards, charming boutiques are full of local art and street carts overflow with everything from iguanas to cashews. While Granada pulses with Old World charm, Lake Nicaragua stands still with nature as its compass, mostly untouched by modernity. For now. Nicaragua Vacations; +1 866 347 4012 . Jicaro Island Ecolodge, Granada Isleta, Nicaragua; +505 2558 7652 (hotel), +505 2558 7702 (reservations) CNN's Frida Ghitis also contributed to this report. Kristin Braswell is a Brooklyn-based journalist. She's contributed to Essence, ABC News, NPR and Ebony, among others. | Experts fear proposed canal through Nicaragua could adversely affect Central America's largest lake . Mostly untouched by development, Lake Nicaragua supports indigenous communities and low-level tourism . Author recently toured the gorgeous lake and surrounding area . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Fernando Alonso hailed McLaren’s progress as ‘fantastic’ despite qualifying a lowly 18th for Sunday’s Malaysian Grand Prix. Alonso and team-mate Jenson Button will start from the penultimate row, and have only been spared the embarrassment of propping up the grid after Manor were permitted to start tomorrow’s race by the stewards despite Roberto Merhi qualifying outside the 107 per cent rule and Max Stevens failing to post a time. It is the second consecutive grand prix where the McLaren have been knocked out in the first phase of qualifying, but Alonso, back in the cockpit after he missed the season opener in Melbourne through injury, moved to praise the team’s improvement. Fernando Alonso posted a picture with Ron Dennis (right) and Eric Boullier (second left) on Saturday evening . Fernando Alonso failed to make it out of Q1 and will start from 18th position in Sunday's Malaysian GP . Alonso, back at the wheel of a F1 car, hailed McLaren's progress since the opening race of the season . ‘I'd say the progress we've made since Australia has been fantastic,', said Alonso. ‘We're much closer to the cars in front now but we're still under-performing and we still need to improve.' Alonso then posted a picture on Twitter of him dining out with Ron Dennis, the McLaren chairman, and team principal Eric Boullier. The snap comes after Alonso contradicted McLaren's version of events surrounding the mysterious testing crash which ruled him out of the race in Melbourne. ‘Our form today wasn't unexpected but I think our performance so far this weekend has maybe been better than I'd have anticipated before arriving here in Malaysia,' Alonso added. ‘However, the steps we're taking with the car show a lot of progress, so I'm optimistic that I won't be qualifying in Q1 for that much longer. ‘This isn't an ideal position from which to start the race, but I'm fully aware that McLaren-Honda is a long-term project. We want to beat Mercedes, and to do that you need time, and to be prepared to take your chances as they come.’ Jenson Button will start from 17th on the grid, one place ahead of his McLaren team-mate Alonso . The Briton, sporting a moustache in Malaysia, believes there are a 'lot of positives' McLaren can drawn from . Button, who qualified one place ahead of Alonso, echoed his team mate's sentiments and admitted that the speed at which McLaren have closed the gap on the cars in front was a good sign. ‘Before qualifying, I think we'd have hoped to be a bit closer to the cars in front of us, but this weekend has seen us take a massive step forward in performance,’ said the Briton, who finished last and two laps down on race winner Lewis Hamilton at the curtain raiser in Australia. ‘Also, I think our race pace and our consistency over a long run look like giving us a little extra. I'd like to think we could get closer to some of the cars in front tomorrow; that'll be something to look forward to. ‘There are a lot of positives to take from this weekend: we've made a big step forwards in terms of pace. There's more to come from the engine and the aero package but we know what to do.’ | Fernando Alonso will start on the penultimate row for Sunday's race . He will be joined by McLaren team-mate Jenson Button who qualified 17th . It's the second straight race where McLaren have failed to make it out of Q1 . But Alonso hailed the British team's improvement since the season opener . |
What are some languages that feature hygienic macros? | Hygienic macros are macros whose expansion is guaranteed not to cause the accidental capture of identifiers. They are a feature of programming languages such as Scheme, Dylan, Rust, Nim, and Julia. The general problem of accidental capture was well known within the Lisp community prior to the introduction of hygienic macros. Macro writers would use language features that would generate unique identifiers (e.g., gensym) or use obfuscated identifiers in order to avoid the problem. Hygienic macros are a programmatic solution to the capture problem that is integrated into the macro expander itself. The term "hygiene" was coined in Kohlbecker et al.'s 1986 paper that introduced hygienic macro expansion, inspired by the terminology used in mathematics. | Some languages that feature hygienic macros include Scheme, Dylan, Rust, Nim, and Julia. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A mechanic carrying out a standard MOT test on a Mercedes smashed it through a garage wall after accidentally stepping on the accelerator. The silver E-Class car had been in the garage for its annual test at Cherry's MOT Centre in Chesterfield, Derbyshire, when the incident happened. The unnamed owner was sitting in the waiting area when he heard an 'almighty bang' and ran out to see his pride and joy lodged in the wall. The Mercedes was in the garage for its annual MOT test when the mechanic accidentally drove it through a wall . The car was halfway through the wall surrounded by bricks and debris from the smash. The MOT tester is thought to have pressed the accelerator not realising the automatic car had been left in drive. The Mercedes now needs a new front end - and the garage was left in need of a bricklayer. Garage owner Alan Cherry said the incident 'was an accident and no one was to blame'. A new E-Class Mercedes costs around £30,000. The MOT tester is thought to have pressed the accelerator not realising the automatic car had been left in drive . The incident happened at Cherry's MOT Centre in Chesterfield, Derbyshire (pictured) | Mechanic accidentally drove Mercedes through garage wall during MOT . He hit the accelerator not knowing the automatic car had been left in drive . Horrified owner was sitting in waiting area when he heard 'almighty bang' Car now needs a new front end - and garage wall needs a bricklayer . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Dramatic footage has emerged of a robber using a moped to ram their way through a shop window during a late night smash-and-grab. CCTV footage taken of the incident shows the brazen robber parking outside Made.com's Charing Cross Road store before making several attempts to drive their way through the glass. Scotland Yard is now investigating the furniture store robbery after the driver and his accomplices were seen making off with two iMac computers. Scroll down for video . After arriving outside the store, the would-be robber positions his moped on the pavement . He then begans driving into the glass in a bid to smash his way through . After reversing and driving into the glass several times, he succeeds in breaking the glass . A Made.com spokesperson told MailOnline the company had tightened security and was offering vouchers to anyone who provided information which led to an arrest. 'We can confirm that two computers were taken from our new Charing Cross showroom at 11.15pm on Tuesday night. 'The showroom was back open for business as usual the next morning. 'Luckily, no one was in the building at the time and we’re assisting police with their enquiries. 'It’s a big deal for an online brand like us to transition offline and this kind of crime demonstrates the risks of being on the high-street.' | Daring late night smash-and-grab caught on furniture store's CCTV camera . The robber crashed his way through the store's glass window on a moped . CCTV footage then shows him entering the store and stealing computers . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Those who have skied will have experienced the nerve-racking moment a ski lift temporarily stops mid-journey to dangle in the wind above jutting rocks below. But imagine if your lift hadn't stopped because someone was having momentary trouble disembarking at the other end. Imagine if it stopped because a tree had fallen on its cable. Well for a group of skiers enjoying the slopes on a windy day in Val Gardena, Italy that terrifying image came true. Videoed in the cabin suspended some distance above the ground below, the skiers huddle around as they wait to be rescued. A man, who appears to be attached to the top of the cabin via a harness, prises open the door from the outside before climbing inside himself. The video maker captures himself in the frame along with the other skiers waiting to be rescued from the ski lift . Attaching a woman to another harness, the rescuer sends her out of the door and watches over her, feeding the rope through his hands, as she abseils down to safety. A pair of rescuers at the bottom wait with hands outstretched for the woman as she descends. According to one of the people in the cabin, the group were required to wait an hour and a half before they were rescued. After making his way inside the cabin, the rescuer attaches a woman to a harness and begins lowering her safely to the ground . A Helicopter, an ambulance and firefighters were all apparently called to the scene to help with the evacuation. Val Gardena is a valley in the Dolomites of South Tyrol, northern Italy. It is best known for its skiing, woodcarving and rock climbing and was the site of the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships in 1970. Rescuers wait below for the woman as she begins abseiling towards the ground in Val Gardena, Italy . | The video shows a rescuer attached to the cabin prising open the doors . Before attaching a woman to a harness and lowering her to safety . The skiers were stuck for an hour and a half before they were rescued . A helicopter, an ambulance and firefighters were all required to help . The incident occurred on a windy day at Val Gardena in northern Italy . |
Give me a comma separated list of nicknames given to Dan Campbell and who gave him the nickname | Campbell has two children with his wife Holly.
Campbell is a noted fan of Metallica, and during his time at Texas A&M, he was nicknamed "Dantallica" by his roommate Shane Lechler. He also enjoys country music and classic rock. During his playing career, he was nicknamed "The Dude", due to his resemblance to Jeff Bridges' character in The Big Lebowski. Upon joining the Detroit Lions, he gained the nickname "MC/DC" by Pat McAfee on his daily podcast. The acronym is short for Motor City Dan Campbell, and also a spoof of and reference to AC/DC. | Nickname,Who gave him the nickname
Dantallica,Shane Lechler
The Dude,unknown
MC/DC (Motor City Dan Campbell),Pat McAfee |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | The doomed Malaysia Airlines flight MH370 was taken on an emotional ‘last farewell’ fly-past of the pilot’s home island of Penang before being deliberately landed on the water and sinking intact thousands of miles away, according to a British pilot who claims to have identified its final resting place. The unusual overflying of Penang is ‘perhaps the only clue to the perpetrator’ he says. The theory of Simon Hardy, a senior Boeing 777 captain with a major commercial airline, has gained support from one of Britain’s top flight safety specialists, David Learmount of the respected Flight International magazine and flightglobal website. Scroll down for video . Missing: MH370 took off from Kuala Lumpur International Airport at 12.41am on March 8 2014 for an approximate six-hour flight to Beijing with 239 passengers and crew . The unusual overflying of Penang, pictured, where the captain of the lost Boeing is from, is ‘perhaps the only clue to the perpetrator’ Captain Hardy spent six months analysing the flight data of the stricken aircraft, which disappeared almost a year ago with 239 people on board, in a bid to solve the mystery. He has concluded that the search in the vast Indian ocean being conducted by the Australian Transport Safety Board (ATSB) is about 100 nautical miles away from the where the aircraft actually is. He also believes the riddle of the aircraft’s odd dog-leg flight path immediately after take-off from Kuala Lumpar is down to the aircraft performing a final ‘fly-past’ of Malaysia’s Penang island to allow someone to have ‘a last emotional look.’ Captain Hardy notes from his research that the captain of the lost Boeing 777-200, Zaharie Ahmad Shah, came from Penang, while First officer Fariq Abdul Hamid was from Selangor. Details are reported in the Sunday Times. Captain Hardy says that after taking off from Kuala Lumpur at 16.41 GMT on March 7 last year, flight MH370 lost contact with air traffic control at a point over the China Sea where four flight information regions intersect. The last verbal contact had been at 19.19 and the captain’s was the last voice heard. Captain Hardy said the flight did something ‘quite remarkable’ by flying in and out of the airspace of Malaysia and Thailand eight times noting: ’I’ve never seen anything like that but it is a good way to cause confusion between the controllers.’ The captain of the lost Boeing 777-200, Zaharie Ahmad Shah, left, came from Penang, while First officer Fariq Abdul Hamid was from Selangor, right . Missing: Searchers scouring huge swathes of the world's oceans for the jet have so far found no sign of it . After flying along the border the passenger jet performed a sharp u-turn towards Penang, one of three turns made in quick succession. 'It took me months to work out what this was. 'The clue was Ayers Rock,’ he said referring to the giant natural feature and landmark in the heart of Australia. 'I have done the same manoeuvre there, to look down and get a great view. Somebody was taking a last emotional look at Penang.’ He explained: ’I thought of this at 5am, went downstairs and researched where the air crew were from.’ Noting that pilot Shah was from Penang while co-pilot Hamid was from Selangor, he said: ‘Someone did a nice long turn and looked down on Penang. It’s perhaps the only clue to the perpetrator.’ Military radar gave the last fix of the flight at 18.22 GMT heading South towards the navigation waypoint Anoko. It then flew straight for thousands of miles before, it is believed, ending up at the bottom of the sea off the coast of Australia. Australian investigators believe the plane crashed. But Captain Hardy believes it was deliberately landed on the water and then sank intact close to a trench in the sea – explaining why no wreckage has ever been found. Australian investigators said they had been in touch with Captain Hardy and described his theory as ‘credible.’ Flight magazine’s Mr Learmount said: ‘Since Capt Simon Hardy revealed in Flightglobal/Flight International his calculations about where Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 is likely to have come to rest, the Australian Transport Safety Bureau – leading the MH370 search team – has spoken at length to him. ‘Despite worldwide interest in his work, nobody – yet – has suggested his calculations are anything but logical and mathematically sound.’ | Theory of Simon Hardy, a senior Boeing 777 captain, has gained support from one of Britain’s top flight safety specialists . Overflying of Penang is ‘perhaps the only clue to the perpetrator’ he says . Captain Hardy spent six months analysing flight data of stricken aircraft . Concludes search in the Indian ocean being conducted is about 100 nautical miles away from the where the aircraft actually is . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Jenson Button firmly believes he made the right call in re-signing for McLaren despite the woes currently being endured by the team. Button and team-mate Kevin Magnussen - standing in for the absent Fernando Alonso - will start Sunday's Australian Grand Prix from the back row of the grid in 17th and 18th positions respectively. Whilst not McLaren's lowest grid slots, in terms of performance and how far they are off the pace compared with the leading cars, it is the team's worst qualifying performance in their 49-year history. Jenson Button is pictured with his model wife Jessica ahead of Saturday's qualifying session . The Briton endured a miserable day at the office and was eliminated from qualifying in Q1 . Button was the best part of six seconds slower than reigning champion Lewis Hamilton, who went on to clinch the 39th pole position of his Formula One career. Button, who signed a new two-year deal with McLaren in December after he was kept waiting months on a decision as to whether he would be retained, has every faith McLaren and new power-unit supplier Honda will get it right. The 35-year-old, however, has warned it will take time as he said: 'When I re-signed I was thinking long term. We're all thinking long term. 'It's unfair for us to sit here now and be harsh on anyone because this is a massive learning curve for us. 'This could be something great in the future, and that's what we need in the sport, someone to challenge Mercedes out front, and I really do think this is the team that can do that. Button insists McLaren have the tools to challenge Lewis Hamilton's Mercedes in the future . Button and team-mate Kevin Magnussen will start from the final row of the grid in Melbourne tomorrow . 'I know we're a long way off right now, but it was always going to be very difficult. 'It's tough times and it's going to be for many weeks, but that is what is going to make us stronger in the future and hopefully build us into a winning team. 'Just don't expect us to gain two seconds at the next race, and then another two seconds. It's not going to be like that, but you will see progress.' Racing director Eric Boullier has confirmed McLaren and Honda know where the issues lie, and are working as fast as possible to rectify them. 'Actually we have fewer issues this weekend than we had in testing, which is the good news, we have made some progress,' said Boullier. 'Yes, there is a fix in place and we are working on a recovery plan, but as to time we don't know. 'We just want to do our best to recover as quickly as possible.' Button signed a two-year deal with McLaren which takes him through until the end of next season . Lewis Hamilton will start the Australian Grand Prix from pole ahead of Nico Rosberg and Felipe Massa (right) | Jenson Button and team-mate Kevin Magnussen will start from last row . Button was six seconds slower than Lewis Hamilton who clinched pole . But Briton insists McLaren do have the tools to challenge Mercedes . He cites McLaren-Honda partnership as a 'long-term' project . |
When should I take vitamin D? | The UK National Health Service (NHS) recommends that people at risk of vitamin D deficiency, breast-fed babies, formula-fed babies taking less than 500 ml/day, and children aged 6 months to 4 years, should take daily vitamin D supplements throughout the year to ensure sufficient intake. This includes people with limited skin synthesis of vitamin D, who are not often outdoors, are frail, housebound, living in a care home, or usually wearing clothes that cover up most of the skin, or with dark skin, such as having an African, African-Caribbean or south Asian background. Other people may be able to make adequate vitamin D from sunlight exposure from April to September. The NHS and Public Health England recommend that everyone, including those who are pregnant and breastfeeding, consider taking a daily supplement containing 10 μg (400 IU) of vitamin D during autumn and winter because of inadequate sunlight for vitamin D synthesis. | If you live in England, NHS recommends that people with vitamin D deficiency take supplements, other people should get vitamin D directly from the sun from April to September and take a supplement containing 10 μg (400 IU) of vitamin D during autumn and winter. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Arsenal midfielders Mesut Ozil and Mathieu Flamini were smartly dressed and out to celebrate the latter's birthday on Saturday. Ozil posted a picture of the pair posing on his official Twitter account. Now 31-year-old Flamini has made over 200 appearances for Arsenal across two separate spells at the north London club. Birthday boy Mathieu Flamini (right) poses with Arsenal team-mate Mesut Ozil (left) on Saturday . The Frenchman initially joined Arsene Wenger's side from Marseille back in 2004, before moving to AC Milan four seasons later. After five campaigns in Serie A, Flamini returned to the Emirates Stadium in 2013. His positional versatility has seen him play all across the midfield and occasionally in defence. Despite his advancing years, Flamini has proven this season that he still has plenty to offer playing at the highest level and has the best accuracy rating of any midfielder to have made 500 or more passes in the Premier League (91.8%). At 31, Flamini still has a lot to offer the Premier League and boasts a 91.8% passing accuracy this season . | Arsenal star Mathieu Flamini is now 31-years-old . The versatile midfielder celebrated with team-mate Mesut Ozil . Ozil posted a picture of the pair on his official Twitter account . Flamini has made over 200 appearances for Arsenal across two spells . He has a passing accuracy of 91.8% in the Premier League this season . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Chelsea striker Diego Costa has returned to the Spain squad for the forthcoming matches against Ukraine and Holland. The Brazil-born forward was omitted from Vicente del Bosque's squad for the November games against Belarus and Germany because of a niggling hamstring problem, but is now back in the fold. His Chelsea team-mate Cesc Fabregas has also returned to the squad, along with Manchester City playmaker David Silva and Barcelona star Andres Iniesta. Chelsea striker Diego Costa has returned to the Spain squad after recovering from a hamstring problem . The forward attempts an overhead kick against Southampton during Chelsea's 1-1 draw last weekend . Costa has been in superb form for the Blues this season, scoring 18 goals in 33 appearances so far . Goalkeepers: Casillas, De Gea, . Defenders: Asenjo; Juanfran, Carvajal, Pique, Bartra, Ramos, Albiol, Alba, Bernat . Midfielders: Suarez, Busquets, San Jose, Silva, Pedro, Fabregas, Cazorla, Iniesta, Koke, Isco . Forwards: Vitolo, Costa, Morata. Del Bosque has also brought in Sevilla winger Vitolo and Villarreal goalkeeper Sergio Asenjo for possible senior debuts in the Euro 2016 qualifier against Ukraine in Seville on March 27 or in the friendly away to Holland on March 31. Del Bosque told the Spanish national team's official Twitter account @sefutbol: 'We have brought Vitolo into our path. We can use him on the left-hand side. Sergio Asenjo is playing well for Villarreal and that has been rewarded.' Valencia forward Paco Alcacer has missed out on this occasion, with Del Bosque judging that he was not 100 per cent fit as he makes his recovery from a knee injury. Costa will be joined in the Spain squad by Chelsea team-mate Cesc Fabregas (pictured here against PSG) | Diego Costa has made the Spain squad for games against Ukraine and Holland . He was left out of Spain's November fixtures due to a hamstring problem . Chelsea tea-mate Cesc Fabregas is also included in Vicente del Bosque's team . |
Who is the Zurich Insurance | Zurich Insurance Group Ltd is a Swiss insurance company, headquartered in Zürich, and the country's largest insurer. As of 2021, the group is the world's 112th largest public company according to Forbes' Global 2000s list, and in 2011, it ranked 94th in Interbrand's top 100 brands.
Zurich is a global insurance company which is organized into three core business segments: General Insurance, Global Life and Farmers. Zurich employs 55,000 people, with customers in 215 countries and territories. The company is listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange. As of 2012, it had shareholders' equity of $34.494 billion. | The Zurich Insurance Group Ltd is a Swiss insurance company, headquartered in Zürich, and the country's largest insurer. As of 2021, the group is the world's 112th largest public company according to Forbes' Global 2000s list, and in 2011, it ranked 94th in Interbrand's top 100 brands. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Mark English landed Ireland's first medal at the European Indoor Championships as he timed his finish to perfection to take silver in the 800 metres in Prague. The 21-year-old, a European bronze medallist outdoors last summer, chased down Thijmen Kupers and dipped to cross the line in one minute 47.20 seconds, edging out the Dutchman by 0.05secs. Polish race favourite Marcin Lewandowski was the convincing winner in 1:46.67. Mark English (left) poses with his European Indoor Championships 800m silver medal . English left fans worried he may have left his move too late as Sweden's Andreas Almgren went to the front of the pack. But as Lewandowski, who finished second four years ago, wrested control the youngster Almgren faded to finish in fourth. Meanwhile, English chose his moment well. Scotland's Guy Learmonth to finish last in the field in 1:47.84. Poland's Marcin Lewandowski was a convincing winner in 1:46.67 as English time his finish perfectly . English delivered Ireland's first medal of the championships after chasing down Holland's Thijmen Kupers . | Mark English finished second behind Poland's Marcin Lewandowski . The 21-year-old chased down Holland's Thijmen Kupers late in the race . English won his country's first medal of the championships in Prague . |
What is a standing wheelchair? | A standing wheelchair (also known as a standing chair, a wheeled stander or a stander) is assistive technology, similar to a standing frame, that allows a wheelchair user to raise the chair from a seated to a standing position. The standing wheelchair supports the person in a standing position and enables interaction with people and objects at eye level.
Types and function
Standing wheelchairs can be either manually operated, have power-operated wheels but manual lifting mechanisms or be fully powered with, for example, hydraulic lifting mechanisms. They are used both to achieve regular mobility and to stand the person up using hydraulics or other power sources. Some standing wheelchairs may be driven from the standing position, however there is some medical concern of an increased risk of long bone fractures while driving due to the legs being under a heavy load. | A standing wheelchair is assistive technology that allows a wheelchair user to riase the char from a seated to a standing position. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Sanaa, Yemen (CNN)A Yemeni jet commanded by the capital's Houthi conquerors fired missiles at a palace housing Yemen's deposed President in the country's south Thursday, injuring no one but marking an escalation in deadly fighting that's erupted between forces for and against the ousted leader. The jet flew from Sanaa, which Houthi rebels overtook in January, to the palace in the port city of Aden, where the jet conducted the strikes Thursday afternoon, a senior air force official said on condition of anonymity. Deposed President Abdu Rabu Mansour Hadi was at the Aden palace compound when the first missile struck the grounds, but he then fled safely, a Hadi aide said, also on condition of anonymity. A second missile struck near the compound, but, like the first, injured no one, two officials in Aden said. Another Houthi-commanded air force jet fired a missile in downtown Aden about a half-hour later, again injuring no one, Aden Gov. AbdulAziz Hobtour said. It wasn't immediately clear what the missile struck, or what the intended target was. The airstrikes came on the same day opposing Yemeni military forces -- those commanded by Houthis, and those led by officers loyal to Hadi -- battled in Aden, leaving at least 13 people dead and 21 others injured, Hobtour said. The Houthis, a minority rebel group that holds sway in the nation's north but has less influence elsewhere, took control over military forces stationed near Sanaa, including the air force, as it overtook the government there in January. Hadi initially was put under house arrest in Sanaa, but he escaped last month, fleeing to Aden and declaring himself to still be president. Some military forces still are loyal to Hadi, including troops from his native province in the south. On Thursday, clashes erupted in Aden when a special forces commander loyal to the Houthis, Abdul Hafez Al Saqqaf, ordered hundreds of his troops to create checkpoints at all roads leading to Aden's airport. Watch: Who are the Houthis? The clashes were reported to be taking place on four different fronts in the airport and a surrounding military base. Passengers were stranded at the airport, with flights canceled throughout the day. Al Saqqaf's forces gave up much of their ground in Aden after pro-Hadi forces struck them with heavy artillery and tanks, a pro-Hadi military commander said on condition of anonymity. Some of the wounded in Thursday's fighting were in critical condition, officials said, suggesting the death toll could rise. The Houthis entered Sanaa in September, demanding a greater share of political power. They took control over a period of months, seizing the presidential palace in January. The unrest has plunged Yemen deeper into chaos. Hadi had issued a presidential decree replacing Al Saqqaf two weeks ago, but the decree was not implemented. Journalist Hakim Almasmari reported from Sanaa. CNN's Jason Hanna wrote from Atlanta, and CNN's Jethro Mullen wrote from Hong Kong. CNN's Brian Walker contributed to this report. | A jet fires missiles on and near palace grounds in Aden . Passengers are stranded at an airport in Aden amid fierce fighting . Supporters of Yemeni President Abdu Rabu Mansour Hadi clash with special forces loyal to rebels . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Racing will shake up its TV tender process this summer by asking broadcasters which races they want to bid for rather than restricting them to specific packages. The sport is not in a position to dictate terms, in contrast to football’s Premier League. The new going rate of £11million per live PL match dwarves the £4.8m per year C4 pay for their monopoly terrestrial coverage. And even such an outstanding day of racing as the opening Tuesday of the Cheltenham Festival saw a worrying drop in C4 viewing figures, with the peak of 910,000 a significant 71,000 down on the previous year’s figure. Annie Power falls at the last fence on an action-packed first day at Cheltenham on Tuesday - but TV figures on C4 were still down 71,000 on last year's event . Racing Media Group, the TV arm of English racing, remain remarkably pleased with C4’s coverage, which runs until the end of 2016, despite the decline in armchair watchers. But allowing TV networks to customise their bids means racing could separately sell its crown jewels — Cheltenham, Royal Ascot, the Derby and Grand National — to terrestrial channels. Other marquee meetings may follow. This makes commercial sense, especially as racing is already well served by two subscription channels for the run-of-the-mill meetings. The secret of Irish trainer Willie Mullins’s remarkable success at Cheltenham may be there for all to see, emblazoned on his horse boxes parked at the Festival. The promotional message is ‘What a difference the hay makes’. Mullins gets the specially selected hay for his County Kildare stables from Alberta in Canada, through supplier Ransley Hay, based in Ashford, Kent. They say: ‘Mr Mullins is one of our best customers, so naturally we look after him.’ Co-authored with Michael Moritz, the book will detail Ferguson's tactics and management techniques . Publishers Hodder & Stoughton look to have already maximised their investment in Sir Alex Ferguson with two seven-figure advances and two best-selling autobiographies. Yet Fergie, as if £2m for 20 days’ work as a Manchester United ambassador isn’t enough to augment his pension, will no doubt be trousering another £1m plus advance for a leadership book based on his Harvard business school work, written with tycoon Sir Michael Moritz. However, one subject sure to receive little attention in the book is Fergie’s fall-out with JP McManus over the breeding rights to champion racehorse Rock Of Gibraltar. Their paths will cross only accidentally at Cheltenham on Thursday. ......................................................................... Top football agent Jonathan Barnett claims the FA have not properly consulted with the middle men ahead of bringing in new regulations. Next month’s changes may be the subject of an injunction. And Barnett — who says his Stellar agency, run with David Manasseh, is now the biggest in the world in terms of representing players — declared: ‘It’s ridiculous the FA have not bothered to come and see and learn how a big football agency operates. They haven’t got a clue at Wembley. ‘They are bringing in unworkable rules without finding out about the business, especially when an agency of our size is on their doorstep.’ The FA say they are following guidelines from FIFA, who have passed the buck on to national associations to manage agents. Inverdale’s evening out . John Inverdale is understood to have lost his BBC position presenting Wimbledon tennis highlights, with the omnipresent Clare Balding expected to anchor the revamped evening show at this year’s Championships. John Inverdale inadvertently said 'rose-c***** glasses' live on air during Radio 5 Live's Cheltenham coverage . Inverdale’s move to a possible TV commentary role at Wimbledon was made before his latest high-profile gaffe — inadvertently blurting out the c-word while presenting the first day of BBC Radio 5 Live’s Cheltenham coverage. ITV Sport will closely examine his crystal-clear ‘rose-c***** glasses’ blunder, described as a ‘slip of the tongue’, before announcing their Rugby World Cup team, which Inverdale was expected to lead. Wales may be playing Ireland in a pivotal Six Nations rugby game on Saturday but coach Warren Gatland, his assistants Rob Howley and Shaun Edwards, and several of the players were enjoying the lavish hospitality of the Jockey Club, including lobster for lunch, at Cheltenham yesterday. Welsh stars Rhys Priestland and Jonathan Davies (right) were at Ladies Day at Cheltenham on Wednesday . | Racing could separately sell crown jewels — Cheltenham, Royal Ascot, the Derby and Grand National — to terrestrial channels if changes are made . John Inverdale understood to have lost position presenting Wimbledon . Sir Alex Ferguson expected to earn £1million for his latest book . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | 'Happy Feet' may have triggered the world's interest into the largest penguin species, but little was actually known about the fluctuating numbers of the emperor penguin, until now. The very first study into how the Antarctic's climate has affected the birds over the past 30,000 years has been conducted by a team of researchers, including some from the University of Tasmania and the Australian Antarctic Division. It was found that at some point, the Antarctic was too cold for these birds. Scroll down for video . The current sea ice conditions are optimal for the emperor penguin population, however this may not last if global warming persists . The largest penguin species in the world is currently thriving in the Antarctic with numbers drastically increasing over the last 12,000 years . During the last ice age, conditions became so severe that the emperor penguin population was around seven times smaller than it is now. Temperatures were at least 15 degrees colder on average than they are today and just three colonies of the penguin survived that period. Lead researcher Jane Younger said that despite emperor penguins being accustomed to temperatures of minus 30C, the last Ice Age seems to have been a snap too cold for them. The study shows how the climate has affected the birds over the past 30,000 years, finding that Antarctica was once too cold for them . The warming has made it easier for the emperor penguins to feed as the sea ice has melted and lessened the distance to the ocean . 'Due to there being about twice as much sea ice compared to current conditions, the penguins were unable to breed in more than a few locations around Antarctica,' Ms Younger said. 'The distances from the open ocean, where the penguins feed, to the stable sea ice where they breed was probably too far.' The findings have suggested that the current sea ice conditions might be optimal for the emperor penguin population. With the species flourishing, the study has shown that their numbers began to increase over the last 12,000 years when temperatures rose and the sea ice began to decline. This warming would have made it easier for the penguins to access the ocean to feed. Researchers are currently unable to determine the future of the largest and heaviest penguin species as they are clearly very sensitive to climate change and the current ideal conditions for these birds may not last. | The first study into the fluctuating numbers of the emperor penguin species has been conducted by scientists . During the last ice age, colonies were seven times smaller as opposed to the 50 thriving colonies now . The warming of the Antarctic has allowed them to flourish as the sea ice has reduced and they can access the ocean . Scientists have warned they are sensitive to climate change and this growth in numbers may not last . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Former WWE wrestler CM Punk has been pictured in UFC gear for the first time since announcing he had agreed a deal with the mixed martial arts company. Phillip Brooks, the 36-year-old's real name, revealed in December last year that he had signed a multi-fight contract with the UFC and will fight in the welterweight or middleweight division. CM Punk isn't due to make his debut until later this year but he has taken part in a photoshoot revealing his UFC image. Former professional wrestler CM Punk poses for a photoshoot wearing UFC gloves . The 36-year-old announced he had signed a contract with the UFC in December last year . Phillip Brooks, CM Punk's real name, last appeared in the WWE in January last year . The announcement of his switch was made at UFC 181 in December, as Robbie Lawler beat Johny Hendricks in their welterweight title rematch. CM Punk's last appearance in WWE came in January 2014 during the annual Royal Rumble event. In an interview Punk revealed that he was suspended by the WWE after walking out shortly after the event. Following the lifting of his suspension CM Punk claimed he was not contacted by the company and his contract was terminated in June. CM Punk follows in the footsteps of former WWE stars Lesnar, Dave Bautista and Bobby Lashley. CM Punk takes down Mark Henry during their previous match at the WWE Monday Night Raw Supershow . | CM Punk, real name Phillip Brooks, left the WWE last year . The 36-year-old announced he was joining UFC in December 2014 . CM punk is not due to make his UFC debut until later this year . CLICK HERE for all the latest UFC news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)Authorities at Sydney Airport stopped two Australian teenagers who were suspected of trying to leave the country to join ISIS. The brothers, aged 16 and 17, raised suspicion when they attempted to pass through customs, Immigration Minister Peter Dutton said on Sunday. "What we have here are two teenagers who have been intercepted on their way to a potentially very dangerous situation," Dutton said. The teenagers had return tickets to unnamed "conflict zones" in the Middle East, and a luggage search heightened suspicions that they were headed abroad to fight. The boys were later released into the custody of their parents, who were said to have no idea of their intentions. "These two young men...are kids, not killers," Dutton said, who added the matter had been referred to the Australian Federal Police. Prime Minister Tony Abbott said the brothers were Australian citizens who had been lured by a "death cult." "These were two misguided young Australians, Australian born and bred, who went to school here, grew up here, imbibed our values, and yet it seems they had succumbed to the lure of the death cult and they were on the verge of doing something terrible and dangerous." The prime minister spoke directly to other susceptible Australians who were considering leaving to fight abroad. "My message to anyone who is listening to the death cult is block your ears. Don't even begin to think you can leave Australia," he added. Australia estimates there are at least 90 citizens fighting and supporting terrorist groups in Iraq and Syria. Last month, the government announced plans to suspend or revoke citizenship for dual nationals involved in terrorism, and also strip certain privileges from Australian citizens who break anti-terror laws. | Authorities stopped two teenage brothers at Sydney Airport who were suspected of trying to join ISIS . The boys raised suspicion when attempting to pass through customs . They have been released into custody of their parents . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Australia have no intention of shirking the verbal battle as they seek to defeat defending champions India in their World Cup semi-final in Sydney. Michael Clarke's team already know that fellow tournament co-hosts New Zealand will await Thursday's winners in Sunday's final at the MCG. Resurgent India, like the Kiwis so far unbeaten throughout their campaign, are sure to provide a stern test as Australia pursue a record fifth title. Mitchell Johnson (centre) will not shirk the verbal battle against India in the World Cup semi-final on Thursday . The left-arm fast bowler will not be put off after Shane Watson was fined for verbal exchanges in the last eight . Clarke and Co will not be put off in their quest to retain the trophy, though, by the consequences of Shane Watson's epic confrontation with Pakistan fast bowler Wahab Riaz in their last-eight success in Adelaide four days ago. Watson had to withstand some ferocious short balls and gave as good as he got too in verbal exchanges which resulted in fines for both players under the International Cricket Council's code of conduct. The Australia all-rounder emerged the emphatic victor, however - with an unbeaten 64, having been dropped on four off Wahab, as he and the big-hitting Glenn Maxwell took their team to a six-wicket verdict with almost 16 overs to spare. Australia's combative opener David Warner has since suggested he may have to leave the chat to others but Mitchell Johnson and James Faulkner will happily take over. Johnson told Fox Sports: 'I heard Davey say he wasn't going to get involved in all that stuff. Someone's got to do it, and I think I might put my hand up.' Johnson, fellow seamer Faulkner and coach Darren Lehmann all appear most definitely ready to 're-engage'. Shane Watson and Wahab Riaz were both fined for their exchanges in the quarter-final on Friday . Australia all-rounder James Faulkner is another who will not be backing away from the verbal battle . Australia's left-arm pace spearhead added: 'It's part of the game - and what happened the other day with Shane (Watson) and Wahab (Riaz) I thought was exceptional, the way they played the game. 'It was unfortunate with what happened afterwards. I thought it was great entertaining cricket to watch, and I think you're going to see some more entertainment this game.' Lehmann agreed in his column for cricket.com.au: 'I can't help but think it's a bit disappointing that the exchange was deemed to have crossed the line. 'I've been interested to read that greats of the game such as Brian Lara and Kevin Pietersen were surprised that's how it was interpreted. 'But I have no doubt the passion and the thrills that Wahab's spell ignited among the crowd in Adelaide will be there for all to see and hear at the SCG when we take on India in Thursday's semi-final.' Faulkner is like-minded: 'There's going to be words said, and it's going to be a really tough contest. 'I think there always is (sledging) in the game - if there isn't, you've got problems. 'It's the nature of the game, it's a semi-final - cut throat. Australia coach Darren Lehmann said he was disappointed Watson's exchange with Riaz was deemed to have over-stepped the mark . Johnson and his team-mates trained at the Sydney Cricket Ground on Tuesday . 'Neither team will be backing down.' India have defied the expectations of many, not just by progressing so far after playing the stooges in the preceding tri-series against Australia and England but by taking all 70 wickets available to them en route - often with pace, rather than spin. Number three batsman Virat Kohli is relishing the chance to prove another point after India's 109-run quarter-final trouncing of Bangladesh. 'It's the perfect time for us, an opportunity to do justice to the way we play,' he told cricket.com.au. 'We knew we had things to work on (after the tri-series), and not much time. 'The way our bowlers have reacted, and performed, with composure, confidence and aggression has been wonderful to watch. 'Our bowling attack has come into play in this World Cup - taking 70 wickets in seven games, that's probably been the difference. 'If we can continue to do that, we'll have a great chance come game day.' | Australia play India in the Cricket World Cup 2015 semi-final on Thursday . Cos-hosts New Zealand booked their place in the final on Tuesday . Shane Watson was fined following verbals with Pakistan's Wahab Riaz . Mitchell Johnson is happy take on sledging responsibilities in semi-final . |
Given this paragraph about grunge guitarists, what types of amplifiers would typically be preferred? | Grunge is generally characterized by a sludgy electric guitar sound with a thick middle register and rolled-off treble tone and a high level of distortion and fuzz, typically created with small 1970s-style stompbox pedals, with some guitarists chaining several fuzz pedals together and plugging them into a tube amplifier and speaker cabinet.Grunge guitarists use very loud Marshall guitar amplifiers and some used powerful Mesa-Boogie amplifiers, including Kurt Cobain and Dave Grohl (the latter in early, grunge-oriented Foo Fighters songs). Grunge has been called the rock genre with the most "lugubrious sound"; the use of heavy distortion and loud amps has been compared to a massive "buildup of sonic fog" or even dismissed as "noise" by one critic.As with metal and punk, a key part of grunge's sound is very distorted power chords played on the electric guitar. | Some grunge guitarists use loud Marshall or Mesa-Boogie amplifiers. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Danny Welbeck started looking forward to his first Wembley appearance with Arsenal after going through a night of mixed emotions at Old Trafford on Monday. Welbeck sent Arsenal through to an FA Cup semi-final against either Bradford or Reading with a 61st-minute winner that came as a result of a clanger by Manchester United right-back Antonio Valencia. For United boss Louis van Gaal, watching the man he sold last summer score the winner at Old Trafford must have been hard to take. Danny Welbeck was jeered by a minority of fans after being replaced but most gave him a good reception . Welbeck netted the winning goal as Arsenal progressed to the FA Cup semi-finals with a 2-1 victory . Welbeck celebrates after scoring against his former club Manchester United, but admitted he found it hard . But it was also a difficult night for Welbeck, the Longsight lad who came through United's academy and still considers himself to be a big fan of the club. 'Manchester United is a club that means so much to me,' said Welbeck, who spent 15 years at United having joined them at eight. 'I'm a fan and it's hard to knock them out. I was just doing my job. 'It was about being professional, keeping my focus and motivation. I kept plugging away and then got on the end of Antonio Valencia's backpass, beat David de Gea and got the winning goal. Welbeck spent six seasons at United after coming through the club's youth system . The 24-year-old shakes hands with former team-mate Wayne Rooney (left) after the game . 'I'm just really pleased we're through to the next round.' Welbeck's name was cheered by the home and away support when it was read out from the Arsenal team sheet pre-match and he received a largely warm reception when he was substituted in the 74th minute. 'I'll always respect the fans, I had a lovely reception from them and I'm thankful for that,' the England forward said. Arsenal are now favourites to retain the FA Cup after their first victory at Old Trafford in nine years. They will be big expected to overcome whichever opponent they face in the next round and Welbeck is looking forward to stepping out at Wembley in an Arsenal shirt for the first time. Welbeck celebrates in front of the United fans, but for the most part the Old Trafford crowd was kind to him . The Arsenal star celebrates with full back Hector Bellerin, but admitted it was tough to play against United . 'It's good for the team that we're through to the next round, and we're in the semi-finals at Wembley,' the 24-year-old said. 'To get the goal was good for me but it was all about the team performance.' Arsenal return to Old Trafford in the league on the penultimate weekend of the season. Although they suffered a crushing home defeat to Monaco in the Champions League recently, their league form has been impressive. Arsene Wenger's men are up to third having won seven of their last eight Premier League games and Nacho Monreal, who scored the first goal in Monday's 2-1 win over United, hopes Arsenal will be able to keep that momentum going until the end of the season. 'We are in a good dynamic in the last few games,' the left-back said. Nacho Monreal, scorer of Arsenal's first goal on Monday, praised his team's recent form . Arsenal have been excellent in recent weeks, aside from a difficult defeat at home to Monaco . 'Except for Monaco when we didn't play really well, in the rest of the games we have played well and won most of them. This is the style now to keep going. 'We are Arsenal and we have very good players. Obviously everyone had memories of last season that we lost all the games against top teams. 'This season we played really well against (Manchester) City, we won and it was fair and this (against United) is the same. We played really well and are very happy for the victory. 'We want to finish as high up as possible and the best way is to keep going in this dynamic, keep focusing in each game and have commitment. We have to win as many games as we can.' | Danny Welbeck joined Manchester United as an eight-year-old . The England striker left to join Arsenal last summer . Welbeck scored the winner in FA Cup quarter final on first return . The 24-year-old admitted it was hard to score against his boyhood team . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Tony Mowbray will be named as the new manager of Coventry on Tuesday. Mowbray has been out of work since leaving Middlesbrough in 2013 but has agreed to return to the dugout with the League One strugglers. Steven Pressley was sacked by the Sky Blues last week after a run of seven games without a win. Former Middlesbrough manager Tony Mowbray will take over as the new boss of struggling Coventry . Neil MacFarlane and Dave Hockaday took charge of Saturday’s win over MK Dons and look set to remain in charge for Tuesday’s game at Barnsley but Mowbray could be in the stands at Oakwell. Coventry are just above the relegation zone after their poor run of form and will look to Mowbray to turn things around quickly. Steven Pressley was sacked by the League One club after they became mired in a relegation battle . | Tony Mowbray will take over as manager of League One Coventry City . He will replace Steven Pressley who was sacked last month . Mowbray has been out of work since 2013 when he left Middlesbrough . He also had spells in charge of Hibs, West Brom and Celtic . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Aditya Mehta was a surprise home finalist at the inaugural Indian Open but his hopes of repeating the feat were killed off by Ricky Walden on Thursday. The 29-year-old surpassed all expectations in October 2013, when Peter Ebdon, Mark Williams and Stephen Maguire were among his victims, before Ding Junhui inflicted a 5-0 defeat on the Indian cueman in the title match. Nudged back in the calendar to March this season, 50th-ranked Mehta would have longed to put together another decent run in his home tournament, but the figure of world number eight Walden loomed large in the draw. Ricky Walden saw off Aditya Mehta to deny the Indian a repeat success at his home tournament . And International Championship winner Walden came through a 4-2 winner to reach the last 16, where China's Tian Pengfei awaits him. Former world champions John Higgins and Williams advanced, Scotsman Higgins winning 4-2 against Jamie Cope and Welshman Williams with a final-frame break of 127 to fend off one-time Crucible king Ebdon 4-3. Next up for Williams is world number six Judd Trump, who was given a scare by amateur Adam Duffy and was far from persuasive as he edged through 4-3. Trump has been struggling with a shoulder injury and even considered withdrawing from the tournament. Trump said after beating Duffy: 'The shoulder is better than it was in my first match, though it is still not perfect. 'I don't expect much tomorrow, I will just battle like I did today and see what happens. I'm not going to play my best here. I just need to try to be patient because I know I'm going to miss balls that I don't usually miss.' Williams is hoping to hang around in Mumbai - because he is smitten by the local cuisine. Williams said, according to World Snooker's website: 'I've had two curries a day since I've been here. They are the best curries I've ever had, better than anything back home. If my wife asks me next week if want to go for a curry, I'll definitely have to say no.' Graeme Dott, the 2006 world champion, breezed to a 4-0 win over David Morris, with others through to the last 16 including Jamie Jones, Mark Davis, Kyren Wilson, Michael White, Nigel Bond and Chris Wakelin - the 22-year-old Warwickshire potter reaching the last 16 of a ranking event for the first time after a 4-1 victory over Andrew Pagett. | Aditya Mehta made the final at inaugural Indian Open . But Ricky Walden beat him 4-2 to reach the last 16 this time around . John Higgins, Mark Williams and Judd Trump also all advance . |
Where is the Kilo railway station | Kilo is a station on the VR commuter rail network on the Rantarata line located in Kilo, a district of the city of Espoo in Finland. It is situated between Leppävaara railway station and Kera railway station, approximately 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) northwest/west of Helsinki Central railway station. | Kilo is a station on the VR commuter rail network on the Rantarata line located in Kilo, a district of the city of Espoo in Finland. It is situated between Leppavaara railway station and Kera railway station, approximately 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) northwest/west of Helsinki Central railway station. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Everton midfielder Leon Osman has declared himself fit and raring to go after completing 90 minutes for The Toffees' Under 21s side against Sunderland. The 33-year-old spent nearly three months on the sidelines earlier this season after sustaining a split tendon during the Premier League game with Manchester City back in December. Osman made cameo appearances from the substitutes' bench in Everton's recent 3-1 win over Young Boys and 2-0 defeat by Stoke, but now having managed a full run out for the Under 21s, he is hoping to reclaim his starting spot. Everton midfielder Leon Osman (pictured in 2014) has declared himself fit and raring to go for The Toffees . Osman made a cameo appearance from the substitutes' bench during the 2-0 defeat by Stoke City . Speaking on Thursday to EvertonTV, Osman said, 'It's important for me to get as many minutes as I can on the pitch.' He added, 'The games came quick and close together, but I'm just trying to get myself out there as much as I can. 'It was good to get more minutes under my belt, I'm trying to get that last little bit of sharpness and hopefully then I can show that on the pitch for the first team.' Now, Osman is hoping to be involved from the off for Everton when they face Dynamo Kyiv in the last 16 tie of the Europa League next week. Osman was also used as a substitute against Young Boys during the Europa League round of 32 . While The Toffees have performed well in continental competition this season, the same cannot be said for their Premier League form, which seems them sit 14th in the table and with three losses in their last four games. Osman has revealed how frustrating that poor run has been for the team, and has issued a rallying cry to improve. 'It's not great being out injured for any player, I'm especially bad when I'm out injured and it's even harder when things aren't going well on the pitch for the team. 'But we're in it as a team. We're in it together whether you're injured, or if you're playing every week. We've got 10 tough games now before the end of the season, but 10 games we're very confident of getting results from.' The 33-year-old midfielder has called on his team-mates to turnaround Everton's poor Premier League form . | Leon Osman is nearing a full return for Everton . He completed 90 minutes for the Under 21s against Sunderland . Osman was out for nearly three months earlier in the season with injury . The midfielder wants Everton to improve their poor Premier League form . |
Based on the reference text, provide a bulleted list of the contributing factors causing World War II. | World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945. The vast majority of the world's countries, including all of the great powers, fought as part of two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. Many participants threw their economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind this total war, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and the delivery of the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war.
World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in history; it resulted in an estimated 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, massacres, and disease. In the wake of the Axis defeat, Germany and Japan were occupied, and war crimes tribunals were conducted against German and Japanese leaders.
The causes of World War II are debated, but contributing factors included the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, Spanish Civil War, Second Sino-Japanese War, Soviet–Japanese border conflicts, the rise of fascism in Europe, and European tensions in the aftermath of World War I. World War II is generally considered to have begun on 1 September 1939, when Nazi Germany, under Adolf Hitler, invaded Poland. The United Kingdom and France subsequently declared war on Germany on 3 September. Under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of August 1939, Germany and the Soviet Union had partitioned Poland and marked out their "spheres of influence" across Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Romania. From late 1939 to early 1941, in a series of campaigns and treaties, Germany conquered or controlled much of continental Europe, in a military alliance with Italy, Japan and other countries called the Axis. Following the onset of campaigns in North Africa and East Africa, and the fall of France in mid-1940, the war continued primarily between the European Axis powers and the British Empire, with war in the Balkans, the aerial Battle of Britain, the Blitz of the United Kingdom, and the Battle of the Atlantic. On 22 June 1941, Germany led the European Axis powers in an invasion of the Soviet Union, opening the Eastern Front, the largest land theatre of war in history.
Japan, which aimed to dominate Asia and the Pacific, was at war with the Republic of China by 1937. In December 1941, Japan attacked American and British territories with near-simultaneous offensives against Southeast Asia and the Central Pacific, including an attack on the US fleet at Pearl Harbor which resulted in the United States and United Kingdom declaring war against Japan. The European Axis powers declared war on the United States in solidarity. Japan soon captured much of the western Pacific, but its advances were halted in 1942 after losing the critical Battle of Midway; later, Germany and Italy were defeated in North Africa and at Stalingrad in the Soviet Union. Key setbacks in 1943—including a series of German defeats on the Eastern Front, the Allied invasions of Sicily and the Italian mainland, and Allied offensives in the Pacific—cost the Axis powers their initiative and forced them into strategic retreat on all fronts. In 1944, the Western Allies invaded German-occupied France, while the Soviet Union regained its territorial losses and pushed Germany and its allies back. During 1944 and 1945, Japan suffered reversals in mainland Asia, while the Allies crippled the Japanese Navy and captured key western Pacific islands.
The war in Europe concluded with the liberation of German-occupied territories and the invasion of Germany by the Western Allies and the Soviet Union, culminating in the Fall of Berlin to Soviet troops, Hitler's suicide, and the German unconditional surrender on 8 May 1945. Following the refusal of Japan to surrender on the terms of the Potsdam Declaration (issued 26 July 1945), the United States dropped the first atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima on 6 August and Nagasaki on 9 August. Faced with an imminent invasion of the Japanese archipelago, the possibility of additional atomic bombings, and the Soviet Union's declared entry into the war against Japan on the eve of invading Manchuria, Japan announced on 10 August its intention to surrender, signing a surrender document on 2 September 1945.
World War II changed the political alignment and social structure of the globe and set the foundation for the international order of the world's nations during the Cold War and into present day. The United Nations was established to foster international co-operation and prevent future conflicts, with the victorious great powers—China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States—becoming the permanent members of its Security Council. The Soviet Union and the United States emerged as rival superpowers, setting the stage for the nearly half-century-long Cold War. In the wake of European devastation, the influence of its great powers waned, triggering the decolonisation of Africa and Asia. Most countries whose industries had been damaged moved towards economic recovery and expansion. Political and economic integration, especially in Europe, began as an effort to forestall future hostilities, end pre-war enmities, and forge a sense of common identity. | Although the causes of World War II are debated, contributing factors include:
- The rise of fascism in Europe
- European tensions after World War I
- Second Italo-Ethiopian War
- Spanish Civil War
- Second Sino-Japanese War
- Soviet-Japanese border conflicts |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Louis van Gaal has not gone trophyless in his first season at Manchester United after all as the Dutchman received the Anton Geesink Award in his native country on Sunday night. The award, named in honour of deceased Dutch judo legend Anton Geesink, is awarded every year to a person, city or organisation for their 'remarkable sport performance'. The judges felt Van Gaal was a worthy recipient on the back of his impressive performances leading the Netherlands at the World Cup last summer. Louis van Gaal (right) arrives on stage to receive the Anton Geesink Award on Sunday night . Van Gaal received the award on the back of leading the Netherlands to third place at the 2014 World Cup . Van Gaal celebrates with Robin van Persie after the striker's wonder goal against Spain at the tournament . Van Gaal's last chance for silverware went up in smoke at the beginning of the month when United crashed to a 2-1 FA Cup quarter-final defeat against Arsenal at Old Trafford. The defeat to the Gunners all but ended Van Gaal's search for a trophy in his debut season in England. 'For me this award is very special since I have personally known Anton for many years.' said Van Gaal. Van Gaal watches on from the sideline during Manchester United's 2-1 victory against Liverpool . 'Anton and I have the same character and we have both struggled, although with different resistances.' United are currently fourth in the Premier League table as they look to secure a coveted Champions League spot for next season. | Manchester United's last hope for a trophy ended with their FA Cup quarter-final defeat against Arsenal at the beginning of the month . United are currently fourth in the Premier League table . Louis van Gaal's side face Aston Villa at Old Trafford on Saturday . |
Who is Gavin Newsom? | Gavin Christopher Newsom (born October 10, 1967) is an American politician and businessman who has been the 40th governor of California since 2019. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as the 49th lieutenant governor of California from 2011 to 2019 and the 42nd mayor of San Francisco from 2004 to 2011. | Gavin Christopher Newsom (born October 10, 1967) is an American politician and businessman who has been the 40th governor of California since 2019. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as the 49th lieutenant governor of California from 2011 to 2019 and the 42nd mayor of San Francisco from 2004 to 2011.
Newsom attended Redwood High School and graduated from Santa Clara University. After graduation, he founded the PlumpJack wine store with billionaire heir and family friend, Gordon Getty, as an investor. The PlumpJack Group grew to manage 23 businesses, including wineries, restaurants and hotels. Newsom began his political career in 1996, when San Francisco mayor Willie Brown appointed him to the city's Parking and Traffic Commission. Brown appointed Newsom to fill a vacancy on the Board of Supervisors the next year and Newsom was elected to the board in 1998, 2000 and 2002.
In 2003, at age 36, Newsom was elected the 42nd mayor of San Francisco, the city's youngest in a century. He was reelected in 2007 with 72% of the vote.
Newsom was elected lieutenant governor of California in 2010, defeating incumbent Republican Abel Maldonado, and reelected in 2014. He was elected governor in the 2018 election. He faced criticism for his personal behavior and leadership during the COVID-19 pandemic, which was followed by an attempt to recall him from office. He prevailed in the 2021 recall election, "emphatically beating" what he labeled the Republican effort to remove him. Newsom was elected to a second term in the 2022 election.
Newsom hosted The Gavin Newsom Show on Current TV from 2012 to 2013 and wrote the 2013 book Citizenville, about using digital tools for democratic change. Political science analysis has suggested he is moderate relative to almost all Democratic legislators in California. |
Who brews Shiner Bock beer? | Spoetzl Brewery (originally Shiner Brewing Association) is a brewery located in Shiner, Texas, United States. It produces a diverse line of Shiner beers, including their flagship Shiner Bock, a dark lager that is now distributed throughout the US. The brewery is owned by the Gambrinus Company, a family-owned company based in San Antonio, which also owns Trumer Brewery in Berkeley, California. | Spoetzl Brewery (originally Shiner Brewing Association) is a brewery located in Shiner, Texas, United States. It produces a diverse line of Shiner beers, including their flagship Shiner Bock, a dark lager that is distributed throughout the US. |
Which is the most sparsely populates nation? | Mongolia (/mɒŋˈɡoʊliə/ (listen)) is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of 1,564,116 square kilometres (603,909 square miles), with a population of just 3.3 million, making it the world's most sparsely populated sovereign nation. Mongolia is the world's largest landlocked country that does not border a closed sea, and much of its area is covered by grassy steppe, with mountains to the north and west and the Gobi Desert to the south. Ulaanbaatar, the capital and largest city, is home to roughly half of the country's population. | Mongolia |
From this paragraph, give me a bullet points of colors sapphires be? | Sapphires are a precious gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum, consisting of aluminum oxide (α-Al2O3) with trace amounts of elements such as iron, titanium, chromium, copper, or magnesium. It is typically blue, but natural "fancy" sapphires also occur in yellow, purple, orange, and green colors; "parti sapphires" show two or more colors. The only color corundum stone that the term sapphire is not used for is red, which is called a ruby. Pink colored corundum may be either classified as ruby or sapphire depending on locale. Commonly, natural sapphires are cut and polished into gemstones and worn in jewelry. They also may be created synthetically in laboratories for industrial or decorative purposes in large crystal boules. Because of the remarkable hardness of sapphires – 9 on the Mohs scale (the third hardest mineral, after diamond at 10 and moissanite at 9.5) – sapphires are also used in some non-ornamental applications, such as infrared optical components, high-durability windows, wristwatch crystals and movement bearings, and very thin electronic wafers, which are used as the insulating substrates of special-purpose solid-state electronics such as integrated circuits and GaN-based blue LEDs. | Sapphire can be :
- blue
- yellow
- purple
- orange
- green
- pink |
Extract all unique names from the provided paragraphs separated by comma. | Neville shows to Det. Delroy a recently shot love scene between Keefe and Elaine, willingly pointing out a spousicide-related detail which compromises the already delicate position of the young widower. In light of this new evidence, Delroy tells the director that he will arrest the young man very soon. Neville telephones Keefe to warn him, telling him to come to his house at a certain time. The director also calls Elaine to his home, where he attempts to recreate the night of Andrea's murder, this time using Elaine. Det. Vickers watches Elaine enter the director's house from the street, but he misses Keefe, who breaks in through a window. He disrupts the liaison by pulling plug fuses out of the breaker box, shutting off the lights. Detective Vickers notices the lights shut off from the street and unsuccessfully tries to break in. In the house, Neville attacks Keefe with a pair of scissors, and the two struggle. Keefe throws Neville over a balcony, and he lands in an indoor fountain below together with a light. Simultaneously, Elaine restores electricity to the house, unknowingly electrocuting Neville to death. | Neville, Delroy, Keefe, Elaine, Andrea, Vickers |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)Once again the global community waits to see if the United States and its partners can really halt Iran's quest for nuclear power through a verifiable accord or if Tehran is trying to buy more time for a clandestine nuclear weapons program it is suspected of having. True, the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran has consistently denied it seeks anything more than nuclear energy for peaceful purposes. But Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei's repeated claims in public forums that "We do not have nuclear weapons, and we do not intend to produce them," have failed to convince the United States, European Union and Israel. Suspicion is well-warranted. Iran reluctantly disclosed to the International Atomic Energy Agency, or IAEA — only after U.S.-led detection — its clandestine enrichment of uranium at an underground facility near Qum, testing of bridge wires to explode the detonators of atom bombs at the Parchin military facility near Tehran, and development of an advanced multipoint trigger system for nuclear warheads. Even the IAEA director noted on March 2 that the agency still could not "provide credible assurance about the absence of undeclared nuclear material and activities in Iran and therefore to conclude that all nuclear material in Iran is in peaceful activities." As a result, the chief ayatollah's words seem more intended for defusing the international storm rather than changing domestic policy. Moreover, Khamenei has made it amply clear to Iran's citizens in the text of an infographic on his website, also reproduced by the state-controlled news media, that "Iran must not cease or slow down" but should "continue nuclear research, expansion, and progress." He has threatened as well, repeatedly, that Iran will unleash a "crushing response" against any nation with which it clashes, making his stated intent to continue nuclear activities more ominous. However, economically strapped and internationally isolated, Iran's citizens are putting pronounced pressure on President Hassan Rouhani and Khamenei. A November 2014 Gallup Poll indicates 70% of Iranians hope their leaders will accept an agreement. They expect the country's economy will jump-start through reduction or elimination of sanctions. So Iranian politicians and clerics, even those on the National Security and Foreign Policy Parliamentary Committee, have gradually begun acknowledging that sooner or later "some sort of a result [i.e., nuclear deal]" will have to be accepted by Tehran. Ordinary Iranians' desire to reach a pact with the West is understandable. Iran's economy ranks only 32nd in the world, according to data from the World Bank, despite its vast energy resources and well-educated public. Consequently its people's prosperity has fallen to a lowly 107th among the world's societies, according to the Legatum Institute. Plunging oil prices have recently added to domestic woes, with that country facing deeper deficit in revenues much needed for development projects. Iranian leaders realize their regime remains vulnerable not only to externally imposed sanctions, but more so to internally generated widespread discontent, which erupted and was violently repressed in 2009. Regime preservation has multiple facets, however. It's not just about keeping citizens fiscally happy. Nuclear weapons work well in deterring external adversaries. Processing such technology generates much pride at home, too. Fifty-six percent of Iranians responded favorably to its continued development when polled in January. Consequently there will be countervailing internal pressure on Iran's leaders to withstand fully meeting obligations under the Nonproliferation Treaty, irrespective of whether a deal is reached, even if the socioeconomic cost to their citizens and fever-pitch global consternation continue to rise. But Iran's leaders also know full well that agreeing to a pact that lifts most or all sanctions will boost the economy and thereby generate additional resources to enhance the regime's popularity at home and influence abroad. This central goal of Iran's presence at the negotiating table was made crystal clear during the Supreme Leader's Nav Roz, or New Year, public address on March 21: "Removal of sanctions is part of the subject of negotiations, not of the results ... removal of sanctions should occur without any deal when an agreement is reached." "We can see a path forward here to get to an agreement ... [and] very much believe we can get this done by [the deadline of] March 31," stressed a senior State Department official traveling with U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry to Lausanne on March 25. Negotiators have even added three more months to resolve the technical details of the overall agreement. Diplomacy may, as the Obama administration has stressed repeatedly, indeed be the most efficient and least dangerous way to prevent Iran from obtaining a nuclear weapon. Certainly neither the American nor the European publics want another drawn-out war in the Middle East. But as the United States and other world powers work fervently toward clinching the long-awaited nuclear agreement with the Islamic republic, it is important for Western negotiators and politicians to bear two central considerations in mind: (1) Irrespective of mechanisms written into the deal, will verification actually be possible on the ground to ensure Iran both limits and becomes fully transparent about its nuclear program? (2) Would the world collectively or the United States independently be able to enforce punitive actions, such as re-establishing sanctions, if Iran fails to comply fully and in a timely manner? Iran's President continues to suggest that his country seeks a "win-win deal which would serve the interests of all the parties," as does his negotiating team. But many Western and Middle Eastern leaders fear the United States and its allies will not be able to truly enforce nuclear limits upon Iran through any treaty. Certainly not only many Asian and African nations, but even two of the superpowers, Russia and China, see little if any threat from Tehran and would much prefer to reopen large-scale trade with Iranians than argue about atomic fission. Last November, Russia even entered into an agreement to build at least two nuclear reactors in Iran. Once sanctions are lifted, multinational corporations will likely invest heavily in Iran and resist having to pull out subsequently. Not surprisingly, influential hard-line Iranian leaders including Ayatollah Sadegh Larijani, who heads Iran's judiciary, trumpet: "Our country and our negotiating officials ... are the real winners in these talks." Four years ago Iran's Revolutionary Guards declared: "The day after Iran's first nuclear test is a normal day ... but for some of us there will be a new sparkle in our eyes." Even if a deal is done, will Iran gamble that with the exception of the United States and Israel, nations can come to live with it eventually reaching the threshold of nuclear breakout or wielding nuclear weapons? | Authors: Iran's people want a deal in hopes of a better economy . They say Iran's leaders recognize that having a nuclear program can elevate its international clout . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Labour is considering a new crackdown on so-called ‘non-doms’ – wealthy foreigners who live in Britain but avoid paying tax on their overseas income. Shadow chancellor Ed Balls said he was ‘absolutely looking at that for the future’ when asked whether a future Labour government would turn its attention to non-doms. There are an estimated 116,000 non-doms living in the UK who only have to pay UK taxes on money they bring into the country. Income from overseas investments does not have to be declared. Shadow chancellor Ed Balls is considering a new crackdown on so-called ‘non-doms’ – wealthy foreigners who live in Britain but avoid paying tax on their overseas income . In 2008 Labour announced plans to charge non-doms £30,000 a year if they had been resident in the UK for seven of the previous ten years. Last year George Osborne announced this charge would be increased to up to £90,000 for those who have lived here for 17 out of the past 20 years. Mr Balls told the Daily Mail: ‘One of the challenges that you’ve always got to do if you’re going to be a good chancellor is always be asking the question are the tax rules set in previous eras still the right rules for today? ‘And we know we’ve got some real challenges around international tax rules, when companies like Google or Starbucks can move their operations around the world.' He added: ‘And I think some of those issues…going back 200 years is right that we modernise the rules and that we’re tougher to make sure that people who are living in our city and working in our country, pay taxes in our country. ‘I think people expect Government to do that and that’s what we’ve all got to do. He added: ‘I think we need to make sure that people living in our country are paying their fair share of tax. We can do that through the mansion tax, which we are proposing. But we toughened up the rules on non-doms. George Osborne has done a bit more on that and I’m absolutely looking at that for the future.’ In an editorial on Monday, the influential newspaper the Financial Times called for non-dom rules to be abolished, pointing out they dated back to 1799 to allow those with foreign property to shelter it from new war taxes. Last year George Osborne announced the charge paid by non-doms who have lived in the UK for 17 out of the past 20 years would be increased to £90,000 a year . Describing non-dom rules as an ‘archaism’ and an ‘anomaly’ it said that the government should ‘end the egregious situation where the wealthiest enjoy the privileges of UK residency without paying their fair dues to the exchequer.’ Under Labour, in 2008 non-doms were hit with a £30,000 charge if they had been resident in the UK for seven of the previous 10 years but chose to pay tax somewhere else. In its first year of operation this raised some £130million. Last year Mr Osborne announced that the annual levy charged on non-doms would be increased for those living here longer. Anyone resident here for seven of the last nine years keeps paying £30,000 a year, but the fee for those who have been here for 12 out of 14 years will rise to £60,000. For those who have been in Britain for 17 out of 20 years it will cost £90,000. | Shadow chancellor Ed Balls says he is 'absolutely looking' at non doms . Non-domiciled foreigners live in UK but avoid tax on overseas income . 116,000 non-doms who only pay taxes on money brought into the country . They pay £30,000 a year if they had been resident for 7 of the last 10 years . This rises to £90,000 for those who have lived here for 17 of past 20 years . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Rio de Janeiro's mayor unveiled the city's controversial Olympic golf course on Wednesday and laid out an ardent defence of a project that has been criticised by environmental activists and is at the centre of legal wranglings. The course, part of which has been carved out of a nature reserve, had been kept strictly under wraps during a construction phase that is nearly complete after more than a year's work. Gently rolling hills covered with lush grass that looked like it would be at home in Scotland surrounded small islands of native plants. Sprinklers were hard at work under a harsh midday sun during the visit by news media. The new Rio de Janeiro course for the 2016 Olympics was unveiled on Wednesday . Rio de Janeiro mayor Eduardo Paes (second right) walks the almost complete Olympic Games golf course . A worker cuts the grass on the course that until now has been kept largely under wraps . Prosecutors have repeatedly requested for work on the course to be halted over alleged irregularities in environmental impact studies . The bucolic setting has been embroiled in a controversy stretching back years that has overshadowed what was meant to mark golf's triumphant return to the Olympics after a 112-year absence. Prosecutors have repeatedly requested for work on the course to be halted over alleged irregularities in environmental impact studies, though a judge rejected the latest demand late Tuesday night. In a separate case, another prosecutor is weighing up whether to bring charges against Mayor Eduardo Paes for allegedly granting concessions to developers. Still other questions persist about the ownership of the land. Paes dismissed the allegations, insisting in an agitated, two-hour-long presentation that the course has been built in strict accordance with the law. 'It's hogwash, it's a lie ... it's a fallacy,' Paes said, as he delivered a barrage of facts, figures, photos and images of documents about the golf course. 'Lies cannot prevail.' He pledged total transparency, with Brazil in the midst of an investigation into a massive corruption scheme at the state-run oil giant, Petrobras, which has rocked the country with near-daily revelations. 'Rio City Hall and I personally are very conscious that we are going to have to explain and re-explain (things) and prove ourselves more than we would have to if we were staging the London Olympics, for example,' he said. Protesters stand outside the Olympic course that is at the center of complicated legal wranglings . Activists protest against the construction of the course that was carved partly out of a nature reserve . Paes also insisted that while some land from the nature reserve was bulldozed to make way for the course's grassy knolls, because the lion's share of the terrain used to be a sand quarry, the course has actually increased the amount of native plant life in the area. 'Does this look like an environmental crime?' he exclaimed, arms akimbo, as he led reporters over the course's spongy grass. Earlier, Paes projected aerial photos from the 1980s apparently showing what's now the golf course dotted with concrete structures. Environmentalists contend that hardy subtropical vegetation had since retaken the area and that before the bulldozers descended it had become home to several endangered species, including species of butterflies and frogs. 'He (Paes) thinks that all green's the same,' said Jean Carlos Novaes, a member of the Golfe Para Quem (Golf For Whom) group that has been protesting outside the site for months. 'But non-native grass is just not the same thing as the native ecosystem.' Novaes, who was among a small group of protesters on Wednesday, insisted it was unnecessary to build a new course in the first place, since Rio already has two other golf courses - despite golf's status in Brazil as an unpopular sport played almost exclusively by the moneyed elite. The owner of one of the courses has said he wrote to authorities to offer it up for the Olympics but never heard back. Rio mayor Paes insists the course is in strict accordance with the law . Protesters say Paes spearheaded the course's construction in order to favor a campaign donor, a developer who is building luxury residential towers alongside the course . Protester props associate 'wildlife crimes' with the counstruction and call Paes a 'climate terrorist' Novaes said that donations made to Paes' political campaign by a wealthy and powerful developer who's building luxury residential towers on the margins of the golf course were the real motor behind the construction of the course. The exclusive marble-and-glass units are being pre-sold even before construction is completed for several million dollars a piece. Asked whether he had received a campaign donation from the developer, Pasquale Mauro, Paes said he didn't know and that in any case 'it wouldn't have been illegal.' He added that one of the existing courses was deemed too small, while modifications to the other would have cost nearly as much as building the new course. Paes also brushed aside questions over the ownership of the land, contending that much of the wealthy western suburb of Barra da Tijuca, where the course is located, is beset by long-running conflicts over land ownership. Attorney Alberto Murray Neto, a former member of Brazil's Olympic Committee, dismissed Paes' explanations, saying it made no sense to press ahead with construction of the course on such legally complicated land. 'Even if they had to build a new course, they could have picked any other terrain - one not in a protected nature reserve - or also one where the ownership is clear,' Murray said. 'The whole thing is just a pretext for land speculation.' | Rio de Janeiro's mayor unveiled the 2016 Olympic golf course . A small group of environmental activists turned out in protest . Course has been built at Reserva de Marapendi in Barra da Tijuca . Organising committee say cause will leave an important legacy . |
Given a reference text about the Parliamentary Commissioner for Standards, how is the position appointed? | The Parliamentary Commissioner for Standards is an officer of the British House of Commons. The work of the officer is overseen by the Commons Select Committee on Standards.
The current commissioner is Daniel Greenberg.
Duties
The commissioner is in charge of regulating MPs' conduct and propriety. One of the commissioner's main tasks is overseeing the Register of Members' Financial Interests, which is intended to ensure disclosure of financial interests that may be of relevance to MPs' work.
The Commissioner is the decision-maker in cases from the Independent Complaints and Grievance Scheme where the respondent is a Member of Parliament. If the Commissioner deems a sanction warranted, they refer cases to the Independent Expert Panel so the appropriate sanction can be determined.
The Parliamentary Commissioner for Standards is appointed by a resolution of the House of Commons for a fixed term of five years and is an independent officer of the House, working a four-day week. The remit of the Parliamentary Commissioner for Standards does not extend to the House of Lords: the post of Lords Commissioner for Standards was created in 2010. | The Parliamentary Commissioner for Standards is appointed by a resolution of the House of Commons for a fixed term of five years. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Porto right back Danilo is set to join Real Madrid. Reports in Spain had claimed the 23-year-old was at the centre of a tug-of-war between the La Liga giants and Manchester United. However, Sportsmail understands there was no serious interest from the English club and that Danilo is currently in advanced talks with the Champions League winners. Danilo, in action last month for Porto against Vitoria, is close to completing a £27million move to Real Madrid . His representatives met with Madrid officials last week and held further talks with Porto to underline the player's wish to leave and an announcement is thought to be imminent. Danilo's contract has 16 months left to run and Porto have made attempts to get him to agree a new deal. The Brazilian right back (left) puts in a challenge on former Benfica midfielder Nemanja Matic last January . He played in the Dragons' 3-0 win over Sporting on Sunday night before picking up a yellow card and being substituted with six minutes to play. United have been linked with Southampton's Nathaniel Clyne and Barcelona's Dani Alves, with out-of-favour Brazilian Rafael expected to depart Old Trafford. The 23-year-old (left) puts in a strong challenge on Man City midfielder Yaya Toure back in February 2012 . | Real Madrid beat Manchester United in battle to sign Porto's Danilo . But United did not have a serious interest in the Brazilian right back . Danilo's representatives have met with Madrid ahead of £27m deal . CLICK HERE for all the latest Real Madrid news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A teenager from Tennessee has miraculously regained the ability to walk again - just six weeks after being diagnosed with a rare spinal disease that could have paralaysed her for life. 15-year-old Jessica Shainburg woke up one morning in January to discover she could not feel anything below her waist, according to an ABC report. Doctors diagnosed her with a disorder which causes the spine to inflame known as transverse myelitis - and said it could be permanent if she was not walking within six weeks. The chances of that happening were less than one in three but incredibly, Jessica recovered in time thanks to another rare disorder in her brain that catalysed her recovery. Jessica from Nashville told WKRN-TV: 'I'm so blessed and lucky to be able to be walking again.' Miracle: 15-year-old Jessica Shainburg (pictured) is up and running - literally - just six weeks after being diagnosed with a spinal disease which could have left her paralysed for life . Grateful: Jessica (pictured) from Nashville, Tennessee said: 'I'm so blessed and lucky to be able to be walking again.' Blessing in disguise: Doctors told her father Jeff (left) that her rapid return to health could be down to another inflammation they found in her brain which improves recovery rates . A few days before she completely lost the use of her legs, she claimed to experience some tingling in her lower limbs but the emergency room doctors could not find anything serious and sent her home. Even her father Jeff did not believe her at first and told Jessica: 'You gotta wake your legs up and we got to go to school.' A few days earlier, Jessica said she felt a tingling in her legs, but emergency room doctors found no signs of anything serious and sent her home, said her father. She was eventually diagnosed with a disorder which inflames the spinal cord called transverse myelitis. Jessica surpassed all doctor's expectations during the weeks of rehabilitation at Scottish Rite Hospital, according to her father. After her recover, he said: 'It's a miracle... Every day she's getting better and stronger. 'She just always had a great attitude and was willing to do the work with the therapist. They loved her attitude and they wanted to work with her continuously.' The doctors at the hospital in Atlanta, Georgia also discovered Jessica had signs of a rare inflammation of the brain known as Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM). Inexplicable: Jessica (pictured) woke up one morning with a tingling in her legs but the emergency room doctors could not find anything wrong and sent her home . Disease: She was eventually diagnosed with a disorder which inflames the spinal cord called transverse myelitis . Proud: Jessica surpassed all doctor's expectations during the weeks of rehabilitation according to her father Jeff (pictured) Recovery: Jeff said the healthcare professionals at Scottish Rite Hospital 'loved her attitude and they wanted to work with her continuously' They believe it is this second disorder which explains her rapid return to health as patients with ADEM tend to have quicker recovery rates. Jeff Shainburg added: 'The doctors didn't expect her to recover like that... They were so impressed with her rehab. They hadn't seen a patient like this in a while.' He says Jessica - who is still too weak to return to her High School studies - has a personal walker and wheelchair which she only uses when she has been standing for long periods of time. While the teen is likely to start school in a few weeks, doctors are keeping a close eye on her as she recovers. If the rare symptoms reappear, there is a chance it could be a sign of multiple sclerosis. | Jessica Shainburg was diagnosed with a rare spinal disease six weeks ago . Doctors said she needed to recover quickly or she would never walk again . The 15-year-old from Nashville, Tennessee started running again recently . Could be due to another disease in her brain which hastens recovery rates . Doctors say she could have multiple sclerosis if the rare symptoms return . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Former US child prodigy Freddy Adu has finally found a new club after signing for Finnish side Kuopion Palloseura (KuPS) - the 11th team of his short career. The 25-year-old was tipped to become one of the world's best players after breaking through as a teenager with DC United, but has struggled to live up to expectations at a succession of clubs ever decreasing in stature. The former USA international recently spent short-lived spells with Bahia in Brazil and Serbian side Jagodina (plus trials with Blackpool, AZ Alkmaar and Norwegian side Stabaek) and even turned to nightclub promoting before penning a one-year-deal with KuPS. Freddy Adu poses with the shirt after signing a one-year deal with Finnish club Kuopion Palloseura . Adu was last spotted hosting a nightclub event at the Shadow Rooms in his hometown of Washington DC . CLICK HERE to ready how Freddy Adu turned to nightclub promoting in his time off . Adu appears to be philosophical about the move after quoting former Prime Minister Winston Churchill on his Twitter account, saying: 'Success is not final, failure is not fatal: it is the courage to continue that counts!' KuPS finished seventh in the 2014 Veikkausliiga and will be hoping that the American can help them challenge the likes of HJK and SJK in the coming season. The modest club have pulled off a transfer coup by attracting Adu who will join compatriot Stephen McCarthy in the squad. Once labelled as 'the next Pele' during the early stages of his career, the Ghanian-born forward has played just 59 minutes of competitive football since the end of the 2012 MLS season. Adu made his breakthrough after signing for MLS side DC United as a 14-year-old . Former US star remains the only player to have scored hat-tricks at the U-17 World Championships . Year Club App Goals . 2004–2006 D.C. United 87 (24) 2007 Real Salt Lake 11 (1) 2007–2011 Benfica 11 (2) 2008–2009 → AS Monaco (loan) 9 (0) 2009 → Belenenses (loan) 3 (0) 2010 → Aris (loan) 5 (1) 2011 → Çaykur Rizespor (loan) 11 (3) 2011–2013 Philadelphia Union 35 (7) 2013 Bahia 2 (0) 2014 Jagodina 0 (0) 2015 Kuopion Palloseura... In 2006 he moved to Real Salt Lake, before Portuguese giants Benfica signed him a year later. He dabbled in Ligue 1 after failing to hold down a first-team spot in Lisbon, joining Monaco on loan for the 2008-09 season. The next season he was back in Portugal with Belenenses, before he moved to Greek side Aris in January 2010. Thirteen months after that he joined Turkey's Caykur Rizespor, but that spell was short-lived and he returned to the US half a year later. Adu finally appeared to be settled after spending two years at MLS side Philadelphia Union, only to suddenly join Bahia in April 2013. He was released by Bahia in November and had trials with Blackpool in February and in June former US boss Bob Bradley offered him a chance at Norwegian side Stabaek. Adu failed to impress Bradley enough to secure a long-term deal, which led to a trial with Eredivisie side AZ Alkmaar before his move to Serbia. The 25-year-old is now at his 11th club, having played for sides including Monaco and Benfica (above) The US prodigy posted an image of his time with FK Jagodina where he failed to make a single appearance . | Freddy Adu hasn't lived up to expectations since teenage breakthrough . Former US international has joined Kuopion Palloseura on a one-year deal . It's Adu's 11th club from a list including DC United, Monaco and Benfica . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Former Holland defender Giovanni van Bronckhorst has been appointed Feyenoord's new coach from next season when Fred Rutten's one-year contract expires. Feyenoord announced Monday that Van Bronckhorst, currently one of Rutten's two assistants in Rotterdam, has agreed a two-year contract with the team where he began his illustrious playing career as a youngster in the club's academy. The 40-year-old won league titles in Scotland, England and Spain with Rangers, Arsenal and Barcelona before returning to Feyenoord to finish his playing days. Former Holland defender Giovanni van Bronckhorst has landed his first job in management with Feyenoord . Van Bronckhorst enjoyed a successful spell with Barcelona and won 106 caps with his country . He won 106 caps for the Holland and captained the team that lost the 2010 World Cup final to Spain. Van Bronckhorst says it is 'an enormous honor' to coach the team he joined as a junior. Feyenoord is currently third in the Dutch top-flight Eredivisie. He also had a short spell with Arsenal in the Premier League (pictured in pre-season friendly) | Former Holland defender takes first steps into management at Feyenoord . 40-year-old will replace Fred Rutten at the end of the season . Van Bronckhorst played for Rangers, Arsenal and Barcelona . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)After postponing its first execution of a woman in 70 years because of "cloudy" lethal injection drugs, Georgia has indefinitely postponed at least one other execution until it can analyze the cocktail it uses for the procedures, the state said Tuesday. Kelly Renee Gissendaner was scheduled to die at 7 p.m. ET Monday, but for the second time in less than a week, it was called off. The state postponed the first planned execution because of "weather and associated scheduling issues," department spokeswoman Gwendolyn Hogan said. "Prior to the execution, the drugs were sent to an independent lab for testing of potency. The drugs fell within the acceptable testing limits," the Georgia Department of Corrections said in a statement. "Within the hours leading up to the scheduled execution, the Execution Team performed the necessary checks. At that time, the drugs appeared cloudy. The Department of Corrections immediately consulted with a pharmacist, and in an abundance of caution, Inmate Gissendaner's execution has been postponed." Repeating the "abundance of caution" wording, the department issued a news release Tuesday, saying, "The scheduled executions of Kelly Renee Gissendaner and Brian Keith Terrell have been postponed while an analysis is conducted of the drugs planned for use in last night's scheduled execution of inmate Gissendaner." Gissendaner, 47, is condemned to die for a 1997 murder plot in which she conspired with boyfriend Gregory Owen to murder her husband. Terrell was convicted in the shooting and beating death of a 70-year-old friend of his mother's after the man called police to say Terrell had stolen checks from him, according to the Georgia attorney general's office. Gissendaner has already requested an extravagant last meal: two Burger King Whoppers with cheese (with everything), two large orders of fries, popcorn, cornbread, a side of buttermilk and a salad with tomatoes, bell peppers, onions, carrots, cheese, boiled eggs and Newman's Own buttermilk dressing, the Corrections Department said. She also requested a glass of lemonade and cherry-vanilla ice cream for dessert. Terrell was scheduled to die between March 10 and 17. Last year, Oklahoma issued a months-long moratorium on executions after murderer and rapist Clayton Lockett convulsed, writhed and lay alive on a gurney for 43 minutes before dying. It was the state's first time using a new, three-drug cocktail for an execution. The constitutionality of lethal injection drugs has made headlines since 2013, when European manufacturers -- including Denmark-based Lundbeck, which manufactures pentobarbital -- banned U.S. prisons from using their drugs in executions. Thirty-two states were left to find new drug protocols. | Brian Keith Terrell execution halted while Georgia analyzes drugs used for executions . Kelly Gissendaner's execution postponed because drugs "appeared cloudy," Georgia says . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Cristiano Ronaldo made his commute to work look easy when he set off for Real Madrid training in his £330,000 white Rolls-Royce Ghost on Wednesday morning. The three-time Ballon d'Or winner left for the club's training ground in style as Carlo Ancelotti prepares his men for their La Liga match against Athletic Bilbao on Saturday evening. Ronaldo scored his 30th league goal in Real's last game against Villarreal but could not prevent them from dropping two points in the title race with a 1-1 draw at the Bernabeu. Cristiano Ronaldo made his commute to work look easy as he left in a white Rolls-Royce Ghost . Price: £225,000-£330,000 . Engine: 6.6-litre V12 . Top speed: 155mph . Bhp: 453 . 0-62mph: 4.9sec . With 12 games left Ronaldo is now just one goal from his tally for last season, and the former Manchester United star has become the first player in history from the big five leagues to score 30 goals per season for a fifth consecutive year. Yet Real remain just two points clear of Barcelona at the top of La Liga with a trip to the Nou Camp on March 22 approaching. Real must see off 10th-placed Bilbao on Saturday before turning their attention to the Champions League just three days later. They face Schalke in the second leg of their last-16 tie at home but carry a 2-0 advantage. It was at the Veltins Arena in Germany on February 18 that Ronaldo opened the scoring to put Real in a strong position to qualify for the quarter-finals. Ronaldo scored his 30th league goal in Real's last game against Villarreal but they could only draw 1-1 . Ronaldo is now just one goal from his tally for last season with 12 games remaining in La Liga . Ronaldo has become the first player in history to score 30 goals per season for the fifth consecutive year . | Cristiano Ronaldo left for Real Madrid training on Wednesday morning . Ronaldo scored his 30th league goal in Real's last game against Villarreal . The star is just one goal from last year's tally of 31 with 12 games left . Former Manchester United star Ronaldo faces Athletic Bilbao on Saturday . CLICK HERE for all the latest Real Madrid news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Former Republic of Ireland striker David Connolly has announced his retirement from football with immediate effect. The 37-year-old made over 400 senior club appearances during his career, with Watford, Feyenoord, Sunderland, Leicester and Southampton among a host of clubs he played for, while he won 41 international caps. Connolly joined Sky Bet League Two side Wimbledon in January after his contract with Portsmouth was cancelled by mutual consent but, after managing one goal in eight appearances, he has decided to hang up his boots following discussions with his manager and former team-mate Neal Ardley. Former Republic of Ireland striker David Connolly scores his side's third goal against Cyrpus back in 2001 . Connolly told the Dons' official website: 'I pulled Neal aside for a heart-to-heart chat and I felt that now was the time to call it a day. 'As time has gone on I felt that starting games was difficult and so too was travelling up and down the country to come off the bench for 10 minutes or so. Neal needed a striker that could play off (Adebayo) Akinfenwa and start games and that wasn't me.' Ardley told Dons Player: 'I tried to talk him around, but his mind was made up. I have invited David to come back and do coaching at the club whenever he is ready.' Connolly played for a whole host of English clubs, including Sunderland (pictured here in 2007) | Former Republic of Ireland striker David Connolly has retired from football . Connolly won 41 international caps for his country . His former clubs include Watford, Sunderland, Leicester and Southampton . Most recently, Connolly played for League Two side Wimbledon . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Fit-again Ulster lock Dan Tuohy has been called into a 36-man wider training squad for Ireland's drive towards the RBS 6 Nations Grand Slam. The 29-year-old has missed Ireland's entire Six Nations campaign so far after damaging thumb ligaments in January. The nine-cap second row has not featured in Test action since February 2014, his Six Nations cut short and autumn internationals wiped out after twice breaking his arm. Dan Tuohy has been called into the training squad for Ireland's drive towards the Six Nations Grand Slam . Ireland's head coach Joe Schmidt shouts instructions to his players during a training session . Ireland were hugely impressive as they beat England 19-9 in their previous Six Nations encounter . Tuohy trudged out of Ireland's 26-3 Six Nations victory over Wales in Dublin last year, suffering his first arm fracture just nine minutes after joining the second-half fray. The former Gloucester and Exeter tight-five forward missed out as Ireland clinched the 2014 Six Nations title, before being ruled out of the autumn Tests after suffering another broken arm. The luckless lock is back fit and firing again however, and will be keen to make an impression as Ireland gear up to face Wales in Cardiff on Saturday. Tuohy will find it tough going to break the match day 23 for the Millennium Stadium clash, with captain Paul O'Connell and Devin Toner inked in to start, with Iain Henderson impressing from the bench. Forwards: . M Bent (Leinster), R Best (Ulster), S Cronin, T Furlong, C Healy, J Heaslip (all Leinster), I Henderson (Ulster), M McCarthy, J McGrath, M Moore, J Murphy, S O'Brien (all Leinster), P O'Connell, T O'Donnell, P O'Mahony (all Munster), M Ross, D Ryan, R Strauss, D Toner (all Leinster), D Tuohy (Ulster). Backs: . I Boss (Leinster), T Bowe, D Cave (both Ulster), K Earls (Munster), L Fitzgerald (Leinster), R Henshaw (Connacht), F Jones (Munster), D Kearney, R Kearney (both Leinster), I Keatley (Munster), I Madigan (Leinster), C Murray (Munster), J Payne (Ulster), E Reddan (Leinster), J Sexton (Racing Metro), S Zebo (Munster). | Ireland face Wales then Scotland in the RBS 6 Nations . Ulster lock Dan Tuohy has been called into their training squad . Tuohy has been out since January with damaged thumb ligaments . The second row hasn't featured in Test action since February 2014 . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Sporty Jemma Rozier (pictured) was found slumped in the driver's seat of her car after suffering a heart attack while driving to a party on March 14 . A sporty 28-year-old woman with an existing heart condition died after suffering a fatal heart attack at the wheel of her car while driving to a party. Jemma Rozier, 28, from Swindon Village in Gloucestershire, was found slumped in the driver's seat of her car at a junction. Paramedics were called and she was taken to hospital but doctors were unable to save her. Her heartbroken mother Clare, 49, said: 'It shouldn't be this way round. Devastation is the first thing that hits you. 'We were talking about her finding a husband and having children. 'She was just a normal 28-year-old living her life.' Tragedy struck after Ms Rozier left her family home and headed to a party at around 8.45pm on March 14. She was found unconscious in her car just a few miles away by a passer-by who dialled 999. Ms Rozier, who worked at Capita Insurance in Bishop's Cleeve, was taken to Gloucestershire Royal Hospital where doctors could not save her. The keen sportswoman had a 'floppy valve' due to a heart condition but lived an active life and had shown no signs of ill health before the incident. She was a Brownie leader in Guiting Power, a keen cyclist and had recently taken up salsa dancing. Her mother added: 'She'd had regular check-ups and everything was fine. 'She was fun-loving. She was very keen on fitness. She cycled everywhere and went running with me. We're all runners in the family. 'I don't think many people probably knew about her heart condition, because it didn't restrict her. 'Never once was it a problem for her. It was a complete shock.' Ms Rozier was a Brownie leader in Guiting Power, a keen cyclist and had recently taken up salsa dancing . Her father Edward, 54, said: 'It was all so surreal until we went through and saw Jemma. We went through the motions but it just didn't seem real.' Jemma leaves behind her younger sister, Natalie, 25, who recently returned from a 13-month trip around Australia, New Zealand and America. Natalie, a fitness instructor, said: 'She meant the world to me. We were best friends as well as sisters.' Jemma's funeral takes place 2.30pm Friday March 27 at St Michael's Church in Guiting Power. Ms Rozier was taken to Gloucestershire Royal Hospital where doctors battled in vain to save her . The mitral valve separates the upper left heart chamber from the lower left heart chamber, and helps control blood flow through the heart. During each heartbeat the smaller upper chambers of the heart contract to push blood into the larger lower chambers. The mitral valve opens to allow this passage of blood from the left atrium, and closes when the left ventricle is full of blood, to prevent backflow. When the valve closes, its two leaflets (flaps) normally seal the valve shut. Tendons attached to these flaps keep them taut and prevent them collapsing through to the other side. Problems with the mitral valve can make the heart less efficient at pumping blood around the body. Severe problems can lead to heart failure - which is where the heart can no longer pump enough blood around the body if the valve is not surgically repaired or replaced. There are three main types of problem: . - Mitral regurgitation (also called 'mitral incompetence') – where there is a backflow of blood through the valve, often as a result of a problem called mitral valve prolapse . - Mitral stenosis – where the valve doesn't open as wide as it should, restricting blood flow . - Mitral valve prolapse - where one or more of the mitral flaps are floppy and don't close tightly, often leading to backflow of blood . These conditions can each occur alone or in combination. Source: NHS conditions . | Jemma Rozier, 28, suffered a fatal heart attack while driving to a party . She had a heart condition relating to her heart valves but lived an active life . Fitness fanatic Jemma was found unconscious in her car on March 14 . She was rushed to hospital but despite the best efforts of medics she died . Her devastated family have paid tribute to their 'fun loving best friend' |
What was Barthelemy Hus-Desforges famous for | Barthélemy Hus, called Hus-Desforges (18 July 1699 in Bordeaux – 1 September 1786 in Lyon, aged 63) was an 18th-century French comedian and troupe leader.
The son of maître à danser Jérôme Hus and Marguerite Pageot, called Desforges, he was the youngest member of the Hus family and with his brother François, directed a touring company known as the "Hus brothers troupe."
Around 1722, he married Marie Anne Daguerre Ascorette, actress born in Namur (1709-1736). The couple had at least seven children who would be part of the troupe.
On 27 January 1750, he married in Brussels his second wife, Louise Vivier de Courtenay, descendant of the famous Courtenay family.
Barthélemy Hus-Desforges was the grandfather of musician Pierre-Louis Hus-Desforges (1773-1838). | Barthelemy Hus, called Hus-Desforges (18 July 1699 in Bordeaux – 1 September 1786 in Lyon, aged 63) was an 18th-century French comedian and troupe leader.
The son of maitre a danser Jerome Hus and Marguerite Pageot, called Desforges, he was the youngest member of the Hus family and with his brother Francois, directed a touring company known as the "Hus brothers troupe."
Around 1722, he married Marie Anne Daguerre Ascorette, actress born in Namur (1709-1736). The couple had at least seven children who would be part of the troupe.
On 27 January 1750, he married in Brussels his second wife, Louise Vivier de Courtenay, descendant of the famous Courtenay family.
Barthelemy Hus-Desforges was the grandfather of musician Pierre-Louis Hus-Desforges (1773-1838). |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Military chiefs should resign over defence cuts before British troops become America’s ‘cannon fodder’, politicians and former top brass warned last night. Tory MP Colonel Bob Stewart, a member of the defence select committee, called for the Joint Chiefs to sacrifice their careers over plans to slash defence spending despite growing threats from Russia and Islamic State. Speaking at a meeting of the UK National Defence Association (UKNDA), he said the generals should make the people they command their priority and resign on principle, instead of focusing their efforts on ‘getting another star’. Colonel Bob Stewart, a former British commander in Bosnia, said Britain's military forces were in a 'parlous state' and could not take any further cuts . Later he said he was considering resigning himself, from either his seat or the select committee, adding: ‘I’m thinking about it to be honest – but that won’t make any difference.’ His comments came as it emerged more than 6,000 British troops are preparing to deploy under the command of an American unit as part of a high readiness reaction force. Fresh details emerged of future military operations after the head of the US army, General Raymond Odierno, said he was ‘very concerned’ about UK defence cuts. He told the Telegraph Britain will be demoted to a more junior role in future campaigns if spending is inadequate. David Cameron has resisted calls to make a public pledge not to cut military spending below 2 per cent - but had insisted he will not cut the size of the army any further . Former defence secretary Liam Fox has urged the Government not to cut military spending below 2 per cent . And yesterday, Sir Michael Graydon, former head of the RAF, said the idea of a UK brigade working under a 20,000-strong US division was ‘humiliating’. Air Commodore Andrew Lambert added: ‘The trouble with this is you provide the man power but with none of the authority. Why should we provide the man power – some people might call it cannon fodder – when what we would like to do is have a seat at the top table?’ During the meeting, former military top brass put pressure on the Government to commit Britain to meeting the Nato target of spending at least 2 per cent of national income on defence beyond 2016 – a prospect which looks unlikely. In a blistering attack on UK military spending – which has diminished as Russia’s defence capabilities increase – Sir Michael added: ‘It is token already and if we start cutting it any more it becomes laughable.’ Colonel Stewart, who commanded UN forces in Bosnia, said: ‘If we are really [in] a parlous state in defence, why are the Joint Chiefs of Staff not tendering their resignations? ‘They should actually put their responsibilities to the people who they command as their top priority, rather than getting another star.’ A damning report published by the UKNDA said that if Britain is forced into a conflict with Russia, our force levels are ‘pitifully small’ compared to those at the end of the Cold War. An MoD spokesman said: ‘We will meet the 2 per cent Nato spending target this year and next and have also committed to spending £163billion on equipment and equipment support to keep Britain safe.’ General Raymond Odierno, the Chief of Staff of the US army, last week warned he was 'very concerned' about the scale of the Coalition's military cuts . | MP Colonel Bob Stewart says UK military forces are in a 'parlous state' He said Britain's military chiefs should be prepared to resign en masse . Call backed by former RAF head Air Chief Marshal Sir Michael Graydon . Comes amid clamour for David Cameron to ring fence military spending . US General Raymond Odierno says he is 'worried' by UK defence spending . |
Who was Manchester United's most successful manager? | Manchester United have won a record 20 League titles, 12 FA Cups, six League Cups, and a record 21 FA Community Shields. They have won the European Cup/UEFA Champions League three times, and the UEFA Europa League, the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, the UEFA Super Cup, the Intercontinental Cup and the FIFA Club World Cup once each. In 1968, under the management of Matt Busby, 10 years after eight of the club's players were killed in the Munich air disaster, they became the first English club to win the European Cup. Sir Alex Ferguson is the club's longest-serving and most successful manager, winning 38 trophies, including 13 league titles, five FA Cups, and two Champions League titles between 1986 and 2013. In the 1998–99 season, under Ferguson, the club became the first in the history of English football to achieve the European treble of the Premier League, FA Cup, and UEFA Champions League. In winning the UEFA Europa League under José Mourinho in 2016–17, they became one of five clubs to have won the original three main UEFA club competitions (the Champions League, Europa League and Cup Winners' Cup). | Manchester United's most successful manager is Sir Alex Ferguson who won 38 trophies including 13 league titles |
what are the 5 skandhas? | Skandhas (Sanskrit) or khandhas (Pāḷi) means "heaps, aggregates, collections, groupings". In Buddhism, it refers to the five aggregates of clinging (Pañcupādānakkhandhā), the five material and mental factors that take part in the rise of craving and clinging. They are also explained as the five factors that constitute and explain a sentient being’s person and personality, but this is a later interpretation in response to sarvastivadin essentialism.
The five aggregates or heaps of clinging are:
1. form (or material image, impression) (rupa)
2. sensations (or feelings, received from form) (vedana)
3. perceptions (samjna)
4. mental activity or formations (sankhara)
5. consciousness (vijnana). | The five skhandas are form, sensations, perceptions, mental activity and consciousness |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Leeds' England international Tom Briscoe will be sidelined for around three months with a shoulder injury, coach Brian McDermott has confirmed. The 25-year-old former Hull winger, who missed just two matches in his first season with the Rhinos in 2014, will undergo surgery on Saturday after scans revealed the full extent of an injury he has been carrying for a few weeks. 'There's a fair bit of damage in there,' McDermott said. 'He's been good for us so we'll miss him but it gives an opportunity for Ash Handley to get some more game time. Leeds' England international Tom Briscoe will be sidelined for around three months with a shoulder injury . 'He did okay against Wigan. The acid test for Ash will come in the coming weeks to maintain that level.' Handley, 19, made only his second Super League appearance and scored his first try in Leeds' 26-14 win over Wigan last Friday and keeps his spot for the trip to Perpignan to face Catalans Dragons on Saturday, while Liam Sutcliffe will continue to deputise for skipper Kevin Sinfield, who is still recovering from a hamstring injury. Another England international, Zak Hardaker, keeps his place pending the outcome of an investigation into an assault he committed on a student in Leeds in February. 'At some stage the club will make an announcement,' McDermott said. 'I think it's coming to its conclusion but we're still on with it.' Leeds Rhino coach Brian McDermott admits Briscoe's injury lay-off is a blow for the team . Hardaker was dropped when the incident came to light earlier this month but recalled for the Wigan game and McDermott insists he is right to select the player, who was released by police without charge after paying compensation and issuing an apology to his victim. 'Zak gets paid to do a job,' McDermott added. 'I know there is a sentiment from people out there who say 'why is he still playing?' but to stand Zak down doesn't do him any good. 'If a bricklayer makes an error at work, you don't give him time off. Why would we give Zak Hardaker the time off to live a decent lifestyle where he can do what he wants? 'He has to do a job for us. He is paid to do that job and he will go out and do it. I don't feel that's covering anything up.' | Tom Briscoe will miss three months of action, confirms Brian McDermott . Leeds winger will undergo surgery on shoulder injury Saturday . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Borussia Dortmund heaped the pressure on Hannover coach Tayfun Korkut with a 3-2 win at the Niedersachsenstadion which revives their own hopes of qualifying for Europe next season. Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang was on target twice for Jurgen Klopp's men, who were knocked out of the Champions League by Juventus on Wednesday. Shinji Kagawa netted their other goal with Lars Stindl scoring twice for Hannover, who lost Leonardo Bittencourt to a 55th-minute red card. Dortmund striker Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang scored a brace during his side's win against Hannover . Aubameyang celebrates with Dortmund fans after firing Jurgen Klopp's side to victory thanks to his double . Former Manchester United playmaker Shinji Kagawa (right) celebrates with Marco Reus (left) Hannover coach Tayfun Korkut is under pressure following his side's third consecutive defeat . Stuttgart came from behind to earn their first win of 2015, with Daniel Ginczek bagging a brace and Alexandru Maxim on target after Haris Seferovic gave Frankfurt the lead just after half-time. The win still leaves Huub Stevens' men at the foot of the table, but now just two points now from safety. Freiburg crept out of the drop zone with a 2-0 win over Augsburg, courtesy of strikes from Jonathan Schmid and Nils Petersen in the final 20 minutes. Christian Streich's side clinched only their fifth win of the season, enough to take them above both Hamburg and Paderborn and out of the bottom three. That was partly because Paderborn could only manage a goalless draw at home against Hoffenheim, while Matthias Lehmann's late penalty earned a 1-1 draw for Werder Bremen after Davie Selke had put Cologne in front. | Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang fired home a brace during win over Hannover . Former Manchester United midfielder Shinji Kagawa also got on scoresheet . Stuttgart claimed their first win of 2015 with victory against Frankfurt . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Tom Brokaw, 75, will release a new memoir about his battle with cancer, titled A Lucky Life Interrupted . Tom Brokaw has announced he will share the story about his battle with cancer in a new memoir titled A Lucky Life Interrupted. Brokaw, 75, drew upon a journal he began keeping in late 2013 after he was diagnosed with multiple myeloma, a cancer in the bone marrow's white blood cells. The retired NBC anchor said he hopes the book will help others who have to deal 'with this unwelcome condition,' in a statement he released through publisher Random House. The book will be released May 12. Brokaw remained private through much of his cancer treatment, publicly announcing he had cancer only six months after he was diagnosed. During an interview with David Letterman, Brokaw said he was 'pleased with the progress' of his treatment but that's as far as he would go in describing his fight with the disease. 'There are a lot of other people out there...going through what I'm going through, and they don't have the advantages I do,' he told the talk show host, according to The Hollywood Reporter. Brokaw, who told Letterman his work was 'therapy', continued to work throughout his treatment, serving as a special NBC correspondent and contributing to the network's winter Olympics coverage in Sochi last year. In September Brokaw revealed on the Today Show that the cancer was almost gone, although he recognized that 'the disease will not completely go away' but can be 'managed'. Three months later Brokaw announced that he was officially in remission and that he would be going on a drug maintenance regimen 'to keep it there', he said in a note to his 'NBC family' that was obtained by The Hollywood Reporter. Brokaw served as the head anchor for NBC Nightly News for 23 years before he retired and passed the chair to Brian Williams in 2004. He remained mostly silent during the controversy surrounding Williams' story about his experience in the Iraq war and released a statement that said the anchor's fate was in both Williams and NBC's hands. Brokaw continues to serve as a special correspondent for NBC and has written seven other books. Brokaw, who was the lead anchor of NBC Nightly News for 23 years and still serves as a network correspondent, said he hoped the book would help others who had to deal 'with this unwelcome condition' | The book will be titled A Lucky Life Interrupted and will be released May 12 . Brokaw drew upon a journal he began keeping after he was diagnosed with multiple myeloma in 2013 . The former NBC news anchor remained fairly private throughout his treatment . Announced he was in remission in December 2014 . |
Given this paragraph about surfboards, summarize what a surfboard is made of | Most modern surfboards are made of fiberglass foam (PU), with one or more wooden strips or "stringers", fiberglass cloth, and polyester resin (PE). An emerging board material is epoxy resin and Expanded Polystyrene foam (EPS) which is stronger and lighter than traditional PU/PE construction. Even newer designs incorporate materials such as carbon fiber and variable-flex composites in conjunction with fiberglass and epoxy or polyester resins. Since epoxy/EPS surfboards are generally lighter, they will float better than a traditional PU/PE board of similar size, shape and thickness. This makes them easier to paddle and faster in the water. However, a common complaint of EPS boards is that they do not provide as much feedback as a traditional PU/PE board. For this reason, many advanced surfers prefer that their surfboards be made from traditional materials. | Surfboards can be made out of a variety of materials, but most surfboards these days are made from a foam core that is coated in a hard exterior |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | And so finally it arrives. The clash we have been waiting so long for. The top-of-the-bill dust-up which for many is the highlight of the meeting and one which is quite simply too close to call. Nicky Henderson’s Sprinter Sacre versus Gary Moore-trained Sire de Grugy in the Betway Queen Mother Champion Chase. Sprinter Sacre was the imperious winner of the race in 2013 but could not defend his title 12 months ago because of illness. In his absence, Sire de Grugy galloped away with his crown displaying the same disdain for the leaden-footed gallopers chasing him. Barry Geraghty riding Sprinter Sacre celebrates victory in the Queen Mother Champion Steeple Chase in 2013 . Sprinter Sacre clears a fence on his way to winning the race two years ago . Both pack a killer punch and both are battled scarred giants. Both also hail from stables reluctant to admit the possibility of defeat. If they were boxers, they would probably be nose-to-nose, eyes bulging, refusing to be the first to blink. But underneath would be a grudging respect borne not only out of mutual ability but also shared battles against adversity. They have met once before in the Desert Orchid Chase at Kempton in December 2013. But it was a race memorable for the wrong reason as jockey Barry Geraghty pulled up Sprinter Sacre after the seventh fence with a fibrillating heart problem. It was an issue which kept him off the track until his second to Dodging Bullets at Ascot in January, a good performance off such a lengthy lay-off but one which only fuelled debate about whether the Sprinter Sacre of today is a shadow of the horse rated one of the best steeplechasers in his pomp. The delayed return had scuppered the pair’s first anticipated clash in the Tingle Creek Chase at Sandown in December. Sire de Grugy, ridden by Jamie Moore, galloped to the crown at last year's Festival . But by then Sire De Grugy, who mopped up Britain’s four Grade One two-mile chases in Sprinter Sacre’s absence, had also been sidelined. In his case it was a hip injury which initially had Moore fearing his season might be over. But after a blip when Moore’s jockey son Jamie was unseated in last month’s Game Spirit Chase at Newbury, confidence was restored with a smooth winning performance at Chepstow. The debate over their relative merits and how much talent they retain has been endless but now the time for talking is over. Henderson (left), the most successful trainer in Festival history, has shown trademark patience in nursing Sprinter Sacre back into shape. He said: ‘It will be the clash of the Festival. It is what we wanted last year and didn’t happen. It will be a hell of a clash. They have got a crown that we want back. I think we have a chance. You can’t be confident but I am hopeful. He is in seriously good shape and doing everything we have remotely asked him to do. Sprinter Sacre (left) finished second to Dodging Bullets in comeback at Ascot in January . Moore celebrates with Sire de Grugy after claiming victory last year . ‘I am not saying he is back to his very best. When he was, he was absolutely ridiculously unbeatable. It didn’t matter what anyone threw at him. I am not saying he is still like that but he is in seriously good shape.’ But Jamie Moore is equally bullish for Sire de Grugy. He said: ‘I am hoping will see the same horse as last year and I am pretty sure they will. At the start of the season I thought he was working better last year. I think we will see the real Sire turn up and he will give them all a hell of race.’ The danger, of course, is that all the focus on the big two leads to a talented rival being underestimated, just as when Imperial Commander gatecrashed the 2010 Gold Cup billed as the Denman versus Kauto Star show. Lining up against them is Paul Nicholls-trained Dodging Bullets, whose breeder Frankie Dettori was thinking more Derby and Royal Ascot when he sent dam Nova Cyngi to stallion Dubawi. Barry Geraghty acknowledges the crowd after being lead into the winner's enclosure in 2013 . The three-time champion Flat jockey will be at the track to watch the form horse of the season and winner of both the Tingle Creek and Clarence House Chases run. Then there is Willie Mullins-trained Champagne Fever, who was just a head away in the Arkle Trophy Chase from winning at his third consecutive Festival, 12 months ago. Nicholls also saddles much improved Mr Mole, the mount of AP McCoy. The Cheltenham Festival is rightly billed as the Olympics of Jump racing. That make the two-mile Queen Mother Champion Chase the 100metres final. Fast, furious and compelling … and almost impossible to call. | Sprinter Scare won the Queen Mother Champion Chase in 2013 . But was not given the chance to defend his title last year due to illness . Sire de Grugy galloped away with the title in 2014 with comfortable win . The pair go head-to-head in the race on day two of the Cheltenham Festival . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Leicester striker Andrej Kramaric has criticised the standard of Premier League refereeing following Leicester's 2-0 midweek defeat at Manchester City. Goals from David Silva and James Milner gave the hosts victory, in a match that contained several talking bouts. Nigel Pearson's side felt they should have been awarded two penalties during the match when Kramaric and team-mate Jeffrey Schlupp both fell under challenges during the clash at the Stadium. Leicester striker Andrej Kramaric is unsatisfied with the standard of Premier League refereeing against them . And Kramaric believes Wednesday night's match isn't the first time that Foxes have had the rub of the green go against them. 'We should have been awarded two penalties against Man City, one on me and one on [Jeffrey] Schlupp,' the 23-year-old told Goal in an exclusive. 'I admit, my contact with [Joe] Hart was not a penalty, but when Fernando fouled me, it was clearly inside the box. I have to admit: I am not satisfied [with] how referees treat Leicester.' Leicester were denied a penalty when Jeffrey Schlupp (left) fell under the challenge of Wilfried Bony . The Croatia international has scored twice in eight appearances for Leicester since joining the club in January from Rijeka. Despite their struggles as a team domestically, Kramaric feels he has adapted well to the demands of the Premier League - and in particular England's top-flight defender. 'I have played against many top Premier League defenders so far and I can handle every one, no one is impossible,' he added. 'I need just a little more time to get used to everything here.' Kramaric (right) believes he has adapted to Premier League defenders well since joining Leicester in January . | Manchester City won 2-0 at home to Leicester on Wednesday night . Foxes were denied two penalty appeals during the match at the Etihad . Andrej Kramaric believes he has adapted to Premier League defenders well since joining Leicester in January . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Rangers full-back Lee Wallace admitted last week that his Scotland career effectively ended when he elected to remain at Ibrox following the club’s descent into administration, liquidation and the Third Division. Before being signed from Hearts by then manager Ally McCoist for £1.5million in the summer of 2011, he had made five appearances for his country. However, his residency in the lower leagues has seen the 27-year-old make just three substitute appearances (totalling a mere 53 minutes) for the national team in the last four years. Wallace claimed that, as he approaches what should be his peak years as a player, he has all but abandoned hope of forcing his way into Gordon Strachan’s starting 11. Rangers goalkeeper Cammy Bell (right) joins Tom Walsh as they promote a new four-match ticket package . Ibrox team-mate Cammy Bell could be forgiven for adopting a similar approach. The goalkeeper’s only cap came against the Faroe Islands in 2010, when he was playing for Kilmarnock. His involvement with Scotland squads, a regular occurrence during his time at Rugby Park, ended when he joined Rangers in 2013. However, the 28-year-old, whose international prospects were further hindered by a shoulder injury sustained in August which ruled him out of action for seven months, is in no mood to close the door on his chances of representing his country just yet. There’s also the small matter of David Marshall, Craig Gordon and Allan McGregor being ahead of him in the pecking order. But Bell insisted: ‘I would never say it’s over. I’m desperate to play and be part of the squad. The goalkeeping situation is very strong and there are some great goalies there. I totally respect that. ‘All I can do is keep playing well at club level and keep knocking on the door and, hopefully, the manager will take notice.’ Of course, as a goalkeeper, Bell can afford to be more sanguine than outfield players. All things being equal, he should still be playing at a high level for another decade or so. That, however, does not mean he isn’t impatient for success. Some former Rangers players, including Barry Ferguson, the 2003 Treble-winning captain, have claimed that another season in the Championship may prove beneficial for the Ibrox club while the first-team squad is dismantled and rebuilt from scratch. Lee Wallace's Scotland career is effectively over . Bell doesn’t see it that way and he wants last Sunday’s unexpected victory over play-off rivals Hibs to be the starting point on the road to Rangers returning to the top flight this year. ‘I can only speak for myself, and I want to be playing in the top league,’ he said. ‘You’ve got to be ambitious as a player and I want to play at the highest level I can with Rangers. ‘I’m desperate to be back in the top league and I’m sure everyone else associated with the club is as well. We know it’s going to be hard but there’s still a great chance we can do it. ‘We need to be playing well going into the play-offs so it really starts from now. We have to take some good form into them. We have nine games left in the league and we have to show we can do it on the pitch.’ New owner Dave King would also appreciate promotion being achieved sooner rather than later. With shareholder Mile Ashley seemingly having a stranglehold on the bulk of the profits arising from the club’s retail operation, the financially-challenged club need a fresh injection of cash. In the last few days the Three Bears consortium of Douglas Park, George Letham and George Taylor have donated £1.5million in order to pay this month’s wages but season-ticket renewal money in May, ideally at increased Premiership rates, is likely to be vital. Bell was speaking yesterday to publicise a new four-match ticket package for this season’s remaining home games but the improved performance against Hibs will have done as much to increase attendances at Ibrox for those fixtures. As far as the goalkeeper is concerned, however, there is more to come from Stuart McCall’s side between now and the end of May. ‘Yes, we’ve set a high bar but, at the end of the day, we are playing for Rangers Football Club so the bar should be set high,’ he said. ‘We can handle that: we should be able to handle the pressure and I’m sure we will. That performance has been in us all season and it was just a case of trying to bring it out of us. ‘I’m sure we’ll take confidence from it and we’ll work hard on the training pitch to make sure we are ready for games.’ Bell credited McCall for the transformation in the atmosphere at Ibrox. The former Motherwell manager has dispelled the gloom which surrounded the club during the dog days of McCoist and Kenny McDowall. ‘I think it’s just down to the enthusiasm the new manager has brought,’ he said. ‘He’s brought a spark to training too. Bell played for Kilmarnock when he won his only Scotland cap . ‘He was always a passionate player himself and he soon lets us know if we are doing things right in training. He’s been great and he’s brought a new lease of life to some players. ‘It’s a good start for us but we know there will be tough times ahead so we need to just take each game as it comes and concentrate on getting three points in the next game.’ Prices for a four-match value package start at £62 for adults, £50 concessions and £18 for juniors in the Club Deck subject to availability. To book a four-match ticket package fans can visit www.rangers.co.uk, the Rangers Ticket Centre or call 0871 702 1972 . | Cammy Bell has won just one cap for Scotland, against the Faroe Islands . David Marshall, Craig Gordon and Allan McGregor are ahead of him . But he insists playing for Rangers doesn't mean his prospects are over . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | An Air Canada plane made an abrupt landing and left the runway at the Halifax airport in bad weather, but there were no immediate reports of injuries, authorities said early Sunday. The airline said all passengers with Flight AC624 from Toronto left the plane and went to the terminal. Halifax Airport said there were no injuries reported. An Air Canada plane went off the runway at the Halifax airport early Sunday (file photo above) The airline said a preliminary count indicated 132 passengers and five crew members. Flight tracking service FlightAware showed that the plane is an AirbusA320, which has typical seating for 150. Power at the airport was briefly knocked out, but Nova Scotia Power said they had since restored it. The cause of the outage was not yet clear. The Halifax region is currently under a snowfall warning, with an Environment Canada alert saying, 'Visibility may be suddenly reduced at times in heavy snow.' Another flight tracking site, Flightradar24, listed several cancelled flights at the airport Sunday morning. | An Air Canada plane went off the runway at the Halifax airport early Sunday . In the process all the power was knocked out at the airport . Power has since been restored, and there were no reported injuries . |
What type of physicist is Arup Kumar Raychaudhuri? | Arup Kumar Raychaudhuri (born 1 January 1952) is an Indian condensed matter physicist, materials scientist and a Distinguished Emeritus Professor at the S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences. Known for his pioneering work on the interplay of disorder and interaction, Raychaudhuri is an elected fellow of all the three major Indian science academies viz. Indian Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Sciences, India and Indian National Science Academy as well as the Asia-Pacific Academy of Materials. He is a recipient of a number of awards such as Millennium Medal of the Indian Science Congress, ICS Gold Medal of the Materials Research Society of India and FICCI Award. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards, for his contributions to physical sciences in 1994.[note 1] | Arup Kumar Raychaudhuri is a condensed matter physicists. |
The United States has the most tornadoes of any country, nearly four times more than estimated in all of Europe then why does most death related to tornadoes occur in Bangladesh | Tornadoes kill an average of 179 people per year in Bangladesh, the most in the world.Reasons for this include the region's high population density, poor construction quality, and lack of tornado safety knowledge.Other areas of the world that have frequent tornadoes include South Africa, the La Plata Basin area, portions of Europe, Australia and New Zealand, and far eastern Asia.
Tornadoes are most common in spring and least common in winter, but tornadoes can occur any time of year that favorable conditions occur.Spring and fall experience peaks of activity as those are the seasons when stronger winds, wind shear, and atmospheric instability are present.Tornadoes are focused in the right front quadrant of landfalling tropical cyclones, which tend to occur in the late summer and autumn. Tornadoes can also be spawned as a result of eyewall mesovortices, which persist until landfall.
source : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tornado | Reasons for this include Bangladesh high population density, poor construction quality, and lack of tornado safety knowledge. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | England will leave a World Cup they can hardly be said to have graced having at least avoided another catastrophe in their final pretty meaningless match. When you have been as desperate as England in this tournament any win is a good one so they will be relieved to have avoided what would have been the most embarrassing defeat of them all. A gloomy, miserable Sydney day matched the mood and turned this dead rubber into a damp one, with England winning a truncated contest with ease. Ian Bell plays a shot as England cruise to victory against Afghanistan in their final match of the 2015 Cricket World Cup . Bell acknowledges the crowd after reaching his half-century towards the end of the match in Sydney . Bell (right) and James Taylor leave the field after securing a second victory for England at the Cricket World Cup . England coach Peter Moores is pictured following the conclusion of the match at the Sydney Cricket Ground . Afghanistan's Hamid Hassan (right) appeals unsuccessfully as England go on to claim victory . England bowler Chris Jordan (right) is presented with the Player of the Match award after posting figures of 2-13 . It will mean little to them but at least England avoided statistically their worst World Cup of all, their victories over Scotland and now Afghanistan matching their miserly returns of 1996 when they could defeat just Holland and the United Arab Emirates. This, though, feels much worse. The statistics, if we can dare mention them, will say that Afghanistan could only manage 111 for seven in the 36.2 overs that the weather allowed them before the third of three rain breaks brought their innings to a premature close. Then England, set 101 to win in 25 overs by Duckworth-Lewis, cruised home while losing just one wicket with 41 balls in hand, helped by a quite shocking fielding performance from Afghanistan. Alex Hales was dropped twice, both by Najibullah Zadran off the bowling of Shapoor Zadran, but showed the hitting he is capable of in reaching 37 before Afghanistan finally held on to a chance. And Ian Bell, playing in his 161st and surely his last one-day international for England with a new era about to dawn, signed off with an unbeaten 52. A general view of the Sydney Cricket Ground during a rain delay as dark clouds gather above the stadium . England captain Eoin Morgan (second left) walks off with Ian Bell as rain falls in Sydney on Friday . Groundsmen cover the pitch as the rain comes down on a wet afternoon in the Australian city . A steward stands in the rain as play is delayed due to the damp conditions in Sydney . Afghanistan's Nasir Jamal (left) plays a shot into the leg side on his way to scoring 17 runs . Shafiqullah is out as England fielder Ravi Bopara takes a successful catch to dismiss the Afghanistan batsman . Now England will slink off home on Saturday with much to contemplate if they are ever to have a chance of catching up with the big-hitters of this tournament who have simply left them behind in 50-over cricket. What cricket there was on Friday went England’s way, as it should against a team who have only been playing official cricket for the last 14 years. England had little to gain in their final group game and even more to lose against an Afghan team who have proved themselves here to be more than capable of causing some anxious moments for the established teams. But Afghanistan struggled against the moving ball and under leaden Sydney skies after Eoin Morgan had won an important toss in what might be the last game of his short reign as England’s one-day captain. Morgan is one of a number of senior England players who will have to wait and see whether they have a future in limited-overs cricket if the selectors take their only feasible option of starting from scratch with a new, young team. Two others who may be told to just concentrate on Test cricket in future are the established opening bowling pair of Jimmy Anderson and Stuart Broad but both proved more than a handful for the inexperienced Afghan batsmen. Stuart Broad (second right) celebrates with his England team-mates after taking the wicket of Javed Ahmadi . Bell dives to his left to field a ball during Afghanistan's opening innings on Friday afternoon . Afghanistan's Jamal (left) walks off the field as Bopara (centre) celebrates with England team-mate James Taylor (right) England's James Tredwell (left) attempts to run out Najibullah Zadran but the Afghanistan batsman was safe . Neither Anderson nor Broad have been at their best here, one of the many reasons why England have struggled, but at least they will be pleased with how they finished, both picking up a wicket and conceding just 18 runs each. England were without the injured pair of Chris Woakes and Moeen Ali and the men who stood in for them could also be satisfied with their work. The decision to leave out Ravi Bopara on the eve of the tournament to replace him with Gary Ballance is one of many to backfire on England and here he showed that he is more than capable of doing a decent job in the field. Bopara picked up two wickets and took an outstanding catch in the deep to give himself something to remember if he too is playing his last England game. James Tredwell has suffered because of the rise of Moeen as an off-spinner but he was as steady as ever here while the pick of the England bowlers was Chris Jordan, something for them to cling to as they ponder the future. The World Cup, which has confirmed that 50-over cricket is very much alive and kicking in the Twenty20 era, will now go on without England and the sad truth is that they will not be missed at all. They have to start all over again now. Shafiqullah (centre) and Jamal (left) take a drinks break during the Pool A match in Sydney . Afghanistan fans show their support with flags and banners in the stands of the Sydney Cricket Ground . England fans dress up for their country's final match at this year's Cricket World Cup on Friday . | England won by nine wickets on the Duckworth-Lewis Method after comfortably reaching a target of 101 . Ian Bell was England's top scorer as he finished on 52 not out, while Chris Jordan took 2 for 13 . The match at the Sydney Cricket Ground was affected by a number of rain delays . England were knocked out of the Cricket World Cup earlier this week after defeat by Bangladesh . Friday's win against Afghanistan is just England's second win of the competition . |
Who is Warren Buffet? | Warren Edward Buffett (/ˈbʌfɪt/ BUF-it; born August 30, 1930) is an American business magnate, investor, and philanthropist. He is currently the chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway. He is one of the best-known fundamental investors in the world as a result of his immense investment success possessing a net worth of $104 billion as of March 2023, making him the fifth-richest person in the world.
Buffett was born in Omaha, Nebraska. He developed an interest in business and investing during his youth, eventually entering the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in 1947 before transferring to and graduating from the University of Nebraska at 19. He went on to graduate from Columbia Business School, where he molded his investment philosophy around the concept of value investing pioneered by Benjamin Graham. He attended New York Institute of Finance to focus on his economics background and soon after began various investment business partnerships, including one with Graham. He created Buffett Partnership, Ltd in 1956 and his investment firm eventually acquired a textile manufacturing firm called Berkshire Hathaway, assuming its name to create a diversified holding company, and later as the company's chairman and majority shareholder in 1970. In 1978, Charlie Munger joined Buffett as vice-chairman.
Since 1970, Buffett has presided as the chairman and largest shareholder of Berkshire Hathaway, one of America's largest holding companies and world's leading corporate conglomerates. He has been referred to as the "Oracle" or "Sage" of Omaha by global media as a result of having accumulated a massive fortune derived from his business and investment success. He is noted for his adherence to the principles of value investing, and his personal frugality despite his vast wealth.
Buffett is also a noted philanthropist, having pledged to give away 99 percent of his fortune to philanthropic causes, primarily via the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. He founded The Giving Pledge in 2010 with Bill Gates, whereby billionaires pledge to give away at least half of their fortunes. | Warren Edward Buffett is an American business magnate, investor, and philanthropist. He is currently the chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway. He is one of the best-known fundamental investors in the world as a result of his immense investment success possessing a net worth of $104 billion as of March 2023, making him the fifth-richest person in the world.
Buffett was born in Omaha, Nebraska. He developed an interest in business and investing during his youth, eventually entering the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in 1947 before transferring to and graduating from the University of Nebraska at 19. He went on to graduate from Columbia Business School, where he molded his investment philosophy around the concept of value investing pioneered by Benjamin Graham. He attended New York Institute of Finance to focus on his economics background and soon after began various investment business partnerships, including one with Graham. He created Buffett Partnership, Ltd in 1956 and his investment firm eventually acquired a textile manufacturing firm called Berkshire Hathaway, assuming its name to create a diversified holding company, and later as the company's chairman and majority shareholder in 1970. In 1978, Charlie Munger joined Buffett as vice-chairman.
Since 1970, Buffett has presided as the chairman and largest shareholder of Berkshire Hathaway, one of America's largest holding companies and world's leading corporate conglomerates.
Buffett is also a noted philanthropist, having pledged to give away 99 percent of his fortune to philanthropic causes, primarily via the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. He founded The Giving Pledge in 2010 with Bill Gates, whereby billionaires pledge to give away at least half of their fortunes. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)A Georgia police chief who said he accidentally shot and seriously injured his wife while the couple were sleeping in bed has resigned, the Peachtree City Police Department said Wednesday. William McCollom stepped down as chief of police in Peachtree City nearly a week after a prosecutor announced that although the New Year's Day shooting appeared accidental, McCollom could eventually face a misdemeanor charge accusing him of recklessly taking a gun to bed after drinking alcohol and taking sleeping medication. The shooting in Peachtree City, an upscale community of 35,000 people south of Atlanta, left Margaret McCollom paralyzed below the waist. "I have had had two families in Peachtree City -- my police family and my personal family. In light of the recent tragedy in my personal family, I need to continue to focus my time and efforts there," William McCollom said in a message posted Wednesday on the police department's Facebook page. Medics and police rushed to the McColloms' home early on January 1 after the chief called 911 to say he accidentally shot his wife as both were sleeping -- by inadvertently moving a gun that he had taken to bed with him. "The gun was in the bed, I went to move it, put it to the side, and it went off," McCollom says in a recording of the 911 call. Later in the call, the operator asked McCollom, "Were you asleep also when this happened?" "Yes," the chief, 57 at the time, replied. Last week, Scott Ballard, district attorney for a several-county area that includes Peachtree City, said a Georgia Bureau of Investigation probe found the following: . -- McCollom went to bed on New Year's Eve after consuming alcohol and sleep medication. -- After barking dogs awoke him in the middle of the night, he got up, picked up his Glock 9mm gun from a dresser and checked the house. After finding nothing, he returned to bed, placing the gun under the sheets. -- McCollom woke up to the sound of a gunshot that struck his wife's right side. A wound on his right hand corroborates his claim that his palm blocked the ejection of a spent shell. -- Forensic analysis of the sheets shows that the gun was fired from under the sheets. Investigators concluded there was no evidence to suggest McCollum intentionally shot his wife, and that he didn't appear to have any motive to harm her, Ballard said. Still, Ballard said he would ask a grand jury on April 15 to indict McCollum on a misdemeanor charge of reckless conduct, "since the chief took a loaded gun to bed with him after ingesting alcohol and sleep medication." Margaret McCollom has been staying at a spinal cord rehabilitation center, being treated for paralysis below the waist and other complications, Ballard said last week. McCollom was named the police chief in October after being interim chief for three months, CNN affiliate WSB reported. Magazines and websites regularly rank Peachtree City as one of the best places to live and raise a family. The community's trademark: Residents putter around in golf carts on the community's 90-plus miles of paved pathways. CNN's Ralph Ellis contributed to this report. | William McCollom says he accidentally shot wife while both were asleep . Shooting left Margaret McCollom paralyzed below the waist . District attorney says he'll seek misdemeanor charge of reckless conduct . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Radamel Falcao's miserable career at Manchester United reached a new low on Tuesday night when he was dumped in the reserves by manager Louis van Gaal. Falcao has not played a minute of football for United's first team since being dragged off midway through the home victory over Sunderland last month and was left on the bench as Van Gaal's stuttering team were knocked out of the FA Cup by Arsenal at home on Monday night. Now the £250,000-a-week loan signing from Monaco has suffered the indignity of being made to play in the Under 21 team in their game against Tottenham on Tuesday night. Radamel Falcao losing his footing as he tries to escape the attentions of Bongani Khumalo (left) Falcao reacts as a chance goes by (left) while Rafael (right, centre) is congratulated on his goal . Falcao's spectacular fall from favour is starkly shown by the 'U21' badge on the arm of his United shirt . Van Gaal's decision to select the 29-year-old in the Under 21s is indicative of the United manager's ongoing concerns over the Colombian international's fitness levels. However, the United boss usually asks senior players to play at this level only if they are on their way back from injury. Falcao has been injury free since recovering from a thigh injury at the end of November and is unlikely to be pleased at being asked to drop down a level at a time when he is desperately trying to prove he is worth a permanent deal. United officials say Falcao, one of the most feared strikers in world football before he suffered a cruciate ligament injury last January, was chosen to ensure he would be sharp for the first-team's clash with Spurs at the same venue on Sunday afternoon. Falcao heads the ball towards goal but his drought goes on after another unsuccessful outing . Sportsmail reported earlier this year that Falcao feels he has to work twice as hard to impress his manager as some other players and has been less than thrilled at times to hear his manager question his fitness levels. But on this evidence he will do well to win a recall from Louis van Gaal after an anonymous performance. In a poor first half Falcao dallied too long on two opportunities and his only other action of note came when he deflected fellow striker James Wilson's goal-bound effort wide from an offside position. United coaches (left-right) Paul McGuinness (U18s), Ryan Giggs, Nicky Butt and Tony Strudwick (fitness) watch on . Falcao looks to get in between the Tottenham defence at Old Trafford as United are held by Spurs . Falcao has another effort on goal but is again frustrated as United searched for the winner . Expertly marshalled by Spurs' centre-half pairing of 17-year-old Cameron Carter-Vickers and South African Bongani Khumalo, 28, the Monaco man cut a desperately frustrated figure. In the second half he was at it again when he diverted Sean Goss's shot into the arms of Spurs keeper Luke McGee before his disappointing evening came to a merciful end. In contrast Brazilian right back Rafael, fighting for his future at United, was a standout. He calmly intercepted McGee's throw out before chipping him with his left foot from 30 yards on 33 minutes to cancel out lively Spurs midfielder Kenny McEvoy's opener. Having only scored four times during his six months at United, the chances of Falcao being retained in the summer are almost nil. United have not seen enough to suggest he will prove value for money in the long run while Falcao feels he has not always been given a fair crack of the whip by Van Gaal. After Monday's cup exit against Arsenal, Van Gaal reacted with irritation when asked about the decision to sign Falcao and release Danny Welbeck last August. Welbeck returned to Old Trafford to score the winner in Arsenal's 2-1 win. Last night Welbeck said: 'Manchester United is a club that means so much to me. I'm a fan and it's hard to knock them out. I'll always respect the fans. I had a lovely reception from them and I'm thankful for that.' The Colombian looks bemused as he is substituted before shaking hands with coach Warren Joyce . | Radamel Falcao named in Manchester United Under 21 side to play Tottenham Hotspur on Tuesday night . A day earlier the Colombian was an unused substitute as United were knocked out of the FA Cup by Arsenal . Falcao is paid £250,000-a-week and United have an option to buy him for £43.2million in the summer . His demotion on Tuesday night represented a new low in his loan stint at the Old Trafford club . Louis van Gaal does not usually ask players to play in the reserves unless they are returning from injury . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Of all the players Manchester City might have expected to drive the final nail into their Champions League coffin Ivan Rakitic was a long way down the list, but it was the former Sevilla midfielder who got the goal on Wednesday night. Here MailSport takes a closer look at the Croatian midfielder more than proving his worth in his first season at the Nou Camp. Ivan Rakitic superbly lifts the ball over the on-rushing Joe Hart to give Barcelona the lead against Man City . Rakitic loops the ball over Hart and past Vincent Kompany to earn Barcelona a 1-0 lead at the Nou Camp . When he signed in the summer what was the reaction? There was no hysteria but it was considered a welcome addition for two reasons – firstly they need midfielders after selling Cesc Fabregas to Chelsea and Thiago to Bayern Munich, and second Rakitic was, along with his fellow countryman Luka Modric, the best midfielder in La Liga last season. Is he an improvement on the aforementioned Fabregas and Thiago? Thiago has the potential to be the best of the three but appalling luck with injuries has stalled his career. Is Rakitic better than Cesc? Probably not but he has many of the same characteristics so that has made him a worthy replacement. The Croatia international challenges for the ball with Manchester City midfielder James Milner . Rakitic was brought to Barcelona from Sevilla for £14million to replace Cesc Fabregas, who joined Chelsea . And those characteristics are? He is versatile in as much as he can play behind the striker and score goals as he did regularly for his former club Sevilla and he can play deep in front of the centre-back as he also did, although less so for his former team, and as he did for Barça last Saturday away at Eibar. Much like his compatriot at Real Madrid Modric, he can tackle, pass, and shoot. He’s a very complete midfielder. Who brought him to Spain? Sevilla signed him from Schalke for €2.5m. It was another work of genius from the club’s Sporting Director Monchi because within a very short space of time it was clear Rakitic was destined for bigger things and would make the club a tidy profit. Rakitic (laying down on left of trophy) captained Sevilla to Europa League glory in 2014 . Rakitic was born in Switzerland but plays international football for Croatia . Did he consider England? His wife, Raquel Mauri, is a hairdresser from Sevilla, and so he preferred to stay in Spain. When Barcelona came calling it was a no-brainer. He was close to going to Chelsea as a 16-year-old but his father advised him to move to Schalke instead. The language was not going to be a problem wherever he went because the Swiss born Croatian international speaks five languages. And his battle with Modric will be one to look out for on Sunday? It will. And even more so because Rakitic was denied the chance to face his international team-mate in the first Clasico of the season because he was left out of the starting eleven. Rakitic is mobbed by his Barcelona team-mates after opening the scoring against City on Wednesday . Midfielder Rakitic is joined in celebration by Lionel Messi, Luis Suarez and Neymar Jnr . How did that work out for Luis Enrique? Badly. Many had tipped the coach to resist the temptation of giving Luis Suarez his debut after so long out, move Iniesta forward to the front three and bring in Xavi alongside Rakitic. Instead Luis Enrique dropped Rakitic despite the fact that he had been playing well and lined Xavi up alongside Andres Iniesta. ‘They are great players but they are not getting any younger,’ Paul Clement told me after the game. Barca started well but lost control of midfielder and ultimately the match. Without Rakitic they were completely out-run in the middle of the park. When he is at his best, he is their engine. Now he’s back in the team for good? He didn’t start against Malaga and Barca lost 1-0. He then played and scored against Granada. He is becoming a leader on the pitch and has bought into the ideas of sacrifice and generosity at Barcelona having been very much the talisman of the team at Sevilla. When he scored against Grandada he approached the bench to dedicate the goal to his best pal in the dressing room – the German keeper Marc-Andre ter Stegen and he even said of Luis Enrique: ‘He knows what he is doing, we have to trust in him.’ Former Sevilla and Schalke midfielder Rakitic attempts to escape the attention of Yaya Toure . | Ivan Rakitic scored winning goal against Manchester City on Wednesday . Croatia midfielder joined Barcelona from Sevilla last summer for £14m . Rakitic was close to joining Chelsea at 16 but opted for Schalke instead . Sportsmail tells you all you need to know about the 27-year-old . READ: Bayern Munich manager Pep Guardiola celebrates Rakitic opener . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Broad-shouldered and proud, he beams out from a crowd of more somber faces, a smile on his face and a number 55 emblazoned on his chest - and a powerful head of hair. Marion Knight, known as Suge even then, is just 17 in this typical high school photo dated 1982, showing a junior year football star posing alongside the Varsity team at Lynwood High School in Los Angeles. While his compatriots wear glum expressions, he smiles from behind a thick head of hair, showing no hint of the power, money and violence that was to become the hallmark of his later life. Scroll down for video of the alleged hit-and-run . Back in high school: Marion 'Suge' Knight, center, smiles as a 17-year-old football star in the Varsity team at Lynwood High School in Los Angeles . Jersey to jumpsuit: Knight is pictured above on Friday at a Los Angeles court building, where he stands accused of murdering a man he ran down in his pickup truck . 32 years later, Knight, now bald-headed, stands accused of murdering a man in a hit-and-run in his pickup truck, which was caught on video tape. Proud: Knight smiles in the football photo, while many teammates did not. He allegedly went on to a life of intimidation and violence . He claims it is self-defense. But as he took to the stand, prosecutors reeled off a history of alleged violence and intimidating spanning decades, through which he is accused of reeling in hundreds of thousands of dollars. It convinced the judge to set the rap mogul's bail at a staggering $25million - the announcement of which led Knight to collapse in the middle of the court-room. Knight stands accused of intentionally running down two men with a pickup truck at a Los Angeles area burger stand January 29 following an argument on the set of a commercial for the film Straight Outta Compton. Terry Carter, 55, was killed after being struck by a Ford F-150, while Cle 'Bone' Sloan, 51, survived his injuries. The 49-year-old co-founder of Death Row Records has pleaded not guilty to murder, attempted murder and hit-and-run charges. Los Angeles Superior Court Judge Ronald S. Coen set bail for Knight at a whopping $25million after Deputy District Attorney Cynthia Barnes noted that Knight was on bail in a robbery case at the time of the hit-and-run crash. Knight's attorney argued that his bail should be set at $2million, telling the judge that had his name not been Suge Knight, prosecutors 'wouldn't have filed the case.' Medical emergency: Knight collapsed in court Friday shortly after a judge set his bail at $25million after a lengthy list of allegations against him was filed by prosecutors . In seeking the multi-million-dollar bail, the Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office filed an extensive motion of 295 pages of legal papers and supporting material portraying Knight as a career criminal and repeated violator of probation and parole dating back to 1987. The documents also alleged that Knight is part of an ‘ongoing extortion scheme’ in which new rappers arriving in Los Angeles and Las Vegas are ‘required to pay a “tax"’ to Knight. Knight has pleaded innocent and his lawyers have denied that he intentionally tried to kill Carter and Sloan. Matthew Fletcher also says Knight is blind in his left eye and may not have seen clearly during the incident. Knight has previous convictions for assault with a deadly weapon and could face 25 years to life in prison under California's so-called three-strikes law if he is convicted at trial. 'Victims': Terry carter (left) and Cle 'Bone' Sloan (right) and Terry Carter (right) were the victims of the alleged hit-and-run. Carter died of his injuries, while Sloan is recovering and allegedly told police that he 'f***** up' Knight before being run over . | Marion 'Suge' Knight pictured in 1982 in junior year of high school . Photo, taken at Lynwood High School in Los Angeles, recently emerged . 32 years on, Knight is embroiled in murder over hit-and-run truck killing . Bail recently set at $25million after prosecution detailed 'criminal history' 300-page document recounts claims of intimidation, theft and assault . Knight collapsed in court Friday after astronomical figure was set . |
Can Penguins fly? | Penguins (order Sphenisciformes /sfɪˈnɪsəfɔːrmiːz/, family Spheniscidae /sfɪˈnɪsɪdiː, -daɪ/) are a group of aquatic flightless birds. They live almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere: only one species, the Galápagos penguin, is found north of the Equator. Highly adapted for life in the water, penguins have countershaded dark and white plumage and flippers for swimming. Most penguins feed on krill, fish, squid and other forms of sea life which they catch with their bills and swallow whole while swimming. A penguin has a spiny tongue and powerful jaws to grip slippery prey. | Penguins are a group of aquatic flightless birds. |
How long have musical instruments been in existence? | The date and origin of the first device considered a musical instrument is disputed. The oldest object that some scholars refer to as a musical instrument, a simple flute, dates back as far as 50,000 - 60,000 years. Some consensus dates early flutes to about 40,000 years ago. However, most historians believe that determining a specific time of musical instrument invention is impossible, as many early musical instruments were made from animal skins, bone, wood, and other non-durable materials. | This depends on what is defined as a musical instrument. In very ancient civilizations humans likely used non-durable materials to create rhythm or music. These likely included animal skins, wood and other materials that long ago degraded with no remaining physical record. If one defines the first musical instrument as a device specifically made for the purpose of creating a musical melody, it is likely the simple flute. But there is debate about when the first flute was made, ranging from 40,000 to 60,000 years ago. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Fresh from leading his side to a 95-run over India in the World Cup semi-final, Australia captain Michael Clarke was temporarily stumped by a reporter's line of questioning during the post-match press conference. Flanked by team-mate Steve Smith, who hit 105 off just 93 balls to propel Australia to victory, Clarke fielded questions from the assembled media following his side's seismic victory. 'Michael you've had tremendous sex as Australia captain,' asked BBC reporter Stephan Shemilt before correcting himself and re-stating that he intended to say 'success'. Australia captain Michael Clarke (left) and Steve Smith are clearly amused by the bungled line of questioning . Steve Smith celebrates after running out Indian batsman Ravindra Jadeja during the World Cup semi-final . 'Interesting,' a clearly amused Clarke replied amid a chorus of laughter among the assembled press. 'You might have that as well I don't know,' replied Shemilt. 'How well do you know me. That's a question for my wife,' Clarke added, as Smith struggled to contain his laughter at the top table. Australia will face arch rivals New Zealand in Sunday's World Cup final at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. Smith whacks the ball for six runs during his innings of 105 from 122 balls as Australia set India 329 to win . Australia skipper Clarke reflects after missing a catch but it didn't prevent their victory . The Black Caps are the only unbeaten team of the tournament so far, having trumped Australia as well in the pool stages, but Clarke said told Sky Sports World Cup: 'We're playing some really good cricket at the moment. 'Losing to New Zealand gave us that kick up the backside. I still don't think we've played the perfect game yet. I think we've improved every game and now we're excited to be in the final. 'I think the boys have played some outstanding cricket. Smithy was exceptional once again. He's hitting the ball so sweetly, and I'm really proud of the execution under pressure there from our bowlers.' Mitchell Johnson jumps for joy after taking the wicket of India's Rohit Sharma for 34 runs . Smith's century comes in a tournament that has already seen him make scores of 95, 72 and 65, and the stand-in Test captain hopes there is plenty left in the bag for Sunday. 'Another big hundred would be nice,' he said. 'It's nice to contribute to a few wins. It was a pretty big stage, the semi-final of a World Cup. I'm just happy that we got over the line in the end.' | Australia beat India by 95 runs to advance to Cricket World Cup final . Michael Clarke will lead side against New Zealand on Sunday . Steve Smith hit 105 off just 93 balls at Sydney Cricket Ground . |
Given a reference text about the 35th Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences Awards Night, tell me who won the best actor award. | The 35th Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences Awards Night was held on May 6, 1988 at the Manila Hotel Fiesta Pavilion in the Philippines, honoring the best films of 1987.
Saan Nagtatago ang Pag-ibig won the most awards with four wins including the most coveted FAMAS Award for Best Picture Three people were elevated to the "Hall Of Fame" status after winning their respective categories five times. They were Fernando Poe Jr. for best actor, Augusto Salvador for editing and George Canseco for musical score. This is the second time for Canseco who was earlier inducted to the Hall of Fame for winning five time in the Theme Song Category. | Fernando Poe Jr. won the best actor award at the 35th Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences Awards Night. |
Given a refrence text about The Bobcaygeon Independent, tell me when it was established and when it ceased publication. | The Bobcaygeon Independent was the weekly community newspaper in Bobcaygeon, Ontario, Canada. It was established in 1869. Ownership changed hands many times over the years, until it was purchased along with then owner, Citizens Communication Group, in 2000 by Metroland Publishing.
The Independent covered everything from community events, school issues & family milestones to local crimes and tragedies. During ownership by the Citizens Communication Group, the Bobcaygeon and Fenelon news teams worked closely together, and from time to time, some stories of general interest would run simultaneously in the Independent and its sister paper the Fenelon Falls Gazette. During ownership by Metroland Publishing, a similar news style was used with common pages in both Bobcaygeon and Fenelon papers, and in the Lindsay This Week newspaper.
The paper was officially incorporated into Kawartha Lakes This Week in late 2004 in keeping with the amalgamation of Lindsay, Bobcaygeon and Fenelon Falls into the City of Kawartha Lakes.
Today, back issues are available at the Bobcaygeon Public Library for viewing on Microfiche, as far back as the first issue in 1869.
Although the paper had ceased publication in 2004, the website Amazon.com still offers subscriptions. | The Bobcaygeon Independent was established in 1869 and ceased publication in 2004. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Byron Maxwell has swapped the Legion of Boom to sign with the Philadelphia Eagles. Cornerback Maxwell is the first addition to one of the NFL’s worst pass defences, with the Super Bowl-winner departing Seattle despite a late bid by the Seahawks to retain him. ‘I'm going to Philly,’ the 27-year-old told ESPN. Byron Maxwell (right) is set to join the Philadelphia Eagles from Super Bowl runners up Seattle Seahawks . Frank Gore (right) is also to join the roster and will complete a move from San Francisco 49ers . Since taking over as starter from Brandon Browner in 2013, Maxwell was used as an outside corner and in nickel packages. He was frequently targeted instead of shutdown corner Richard Sherman and fared well, with two interceptions and 12 passes defenced last season. Rated as the top cornerback in NFL.com’s top 101 free agents, Maxwell strengthens a threadbare secondary after the release of Cary Williams and with Bradley Fletcher entering free agency. | Byron Maxwell joins Philadelphia Eagles as Chip Kelly strengthens his roster for the new NFL campaign . Maxwell comes from the Seattle Seahawks, with whom he won Super Bowl XLVIII . The cornerback is a decent addition to one of the NFL’s worst secondaries . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | It was a feat many deemed impossible, with previous attempts ending in fatalities and failure. But in 1958, Vivian ‘Bunny’ Fuch, successfully led a Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition team to complete the first ever overland crossing of Antarctica via the South Pole. Part of the triumphant team was Everest veteran George Lowe, who documented the magnificent feat, and his photographs provide a fascinating insight into one of the 20th century's greatest explorations. The Crossing of Antarctica, by George Lowe and Huw Lewis-Jones, celebrates the achievements of the 1957/1958 Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition team . Edmund Hillary joined the team for the final stages of the crossing. Here, Ed and Bunny melt a chunk of ice in their tent to make some tea . 'Magga Dan left us at the end of January 1957. After a frantic day of writing last letters for home, we headed down to the ice edge to wave her off. We felt no regrets as we had not been marooned; instead our real adventure was just beginning. Our thoughts turned to the huge challenges that would lay ahead to secure our way out - 2,000 miles across a continent' Despite not being as enamoured with the scenery as he was with Everest, Lowe snapped amazing images of the epic voyage, but sadly died while the book he co-authored with Huw Lewis-Jones, The Crossing of Antarctica, was in production. The expedition team arrived in Antarctica in November 1955, where they spent nearly two years building base camps on the continent. Fuchs and 11 other men left a base camp on the New Zealand sector of the Antarctic in late November 1957, and began the overland crossing. A further party set off from the other side of the continent, under the leadership of explorer Sir Edmund Hillary. 'The long Antarctic night was ending and darkness was giving way to the twilight weeks. Having dug out the aircraft it was time to get everything set for the long journey' The team faced harsh conditions such as snow piling up on their accommodation's roof. The snow actually helped to keep the heat in . Originally the plan had been to rendezvous at the South Pole around Christmas, but bad weather stalled the British team about 357 miles from the pole. Fuchs' team arrived at the pole on January 19, 1958, where the two forces united to push on to Scott Base Camp, where Hillary's party had started. The triumphant teams arrived there on March 2, 1958, 99 days after Fuchs' expedition had begun. Discoveries along the way included the British team finding a 7,000-foot mountain range, and the New Zealanders discovering a 9,000-foot range. Fierce winter winds scoured the ice into a large gully behind the hut at Shackleton. Meteorologist Hannes le Grange documented wind speeds nearing 60 knots . Dog teams remained a vital part of the expedition. This shot was taken by members of the New Zealand party on the Skelton Glacier. They were the first men to set foot there, and establishing a route up on to the plateau was crucial to the future success of the main crossing. A cavalcade of machines would roar down here in 1958 . Fuch received a telegram from Queen Elizabeth II after completion of the 99-day trip. 'You have made a notable contribution to scientific knowledge and have succeeded in a great enterprise,' it read. Bunny and his team were knighted for their trip, which went beyond crossing 2,500 miles of harsh terrain in the world's most hostile climate. The comrades confirmed the existence of a single continent beneath Antarctica's polar ice cap and vast mountain ranges above sea level. Discoveries along the way included the British team finding a 7,000-foot mountain range, and the New Zealanders discovering a 9,000-foot range . The telegraph from the Queen after their exploration said: 'You have made a notable contribution to scientific knowledge and have succeeded in a great enterprise' Sir Ernest Shackleton famously attempted the mission during his ill-fated Endurance voyage. The book, released one hundred years after he set out, celebrates the men who succeeded where he had failed and rewrote the history books . The book, published by Thames and Hudson, includes over 150 photographs, in black and white and colour. The pictures bring to life the day-to-day moments of the historical expedition, with the stark landscapes providing a sensational backdrop to the events. The crossing of Antarctica begins with an introduction by Sir Ranulph Fiennes, and the core chapters detail George Lowe's own account of what he experienced of the trip. Fuchs and 11 other men left a base camp on the New Zealand sector of the Antarctic in late November 1957 and began the overland crossing, and would eventually arrive at the pole on January 19, 1958 . Some of the pictures were taken at –50°C (–58°F) and many are seen for the first time. Sadly, Lowe died before the book was completed, but it stands as a testament to the remarkable explorer . Bunny and his team were knighted for their trip, which included crossing 2,500 miles of harsh terrain in the world's most hostile climate . One of our Sno-Cats, Haywire, was returned by ship to London and then went on a tour of towns all over England, arranged by major sponsor, British Petroleum. Here Bunny is speaking to a crowd of people in Trafalgar Square on May 14, 1958 . Many polar experts and explorers also add their reflections in the book on Antarctica, and the meaning and art of true exploration. They include Sir Ranulph Fiennes, Peter Fuchs, Jonathan Shackleton, Børge Ousland, Sebastian Copeland, Ken Blaiklock, Felicity Aston and Paul Dalrymple . | Vivian Fuch led his team of explorers on an overland expedition of Antactica via the South Pole . Team member George Lowe, released his photographs in a book on the mission, The Crossing of Antarctica . The fascinating pictures give an eye-opening look into life in one of the world's harshest climates . |
Given this paragraph about the town of Birkenhead, what the does the name Birkenhead probably mean? | The name Birkenhead probably means "headland overgrown with birch", from the Old English bircen meaning birch tree, of which many once grew on the headland which jutted into the river at Woodside. The name is not derived from the Birket, a stream which enters the Mersey between Birkenhead and Seacombe. The Birket is a later name which was introduced by Ordnance Survey. | It probably means "headland overgrown with birch". |
Extract a list of rivalries with the Detroit Lions in bulleted form, sorted alphabetically. | The Lions have had several division rivals in their existence. Their oldest rivals are the Chicago Bears and the Green Bay Packers, whom they have faced since 1930. The Minnesota Vikings have been in a division with Detroit ever since their inaugural season in 1961. Another notable longtime division opponent was the Tampa Bay Buccaneers (25 seasons from 1977 to 2001).
The Lions also have a preseason rivalry with the Cleveland Browns, dubbed the Great Lakes Classic. The two teams have been playing for The Barge Trophy since 2002. The Lions and Browns had a solid rivalry in the 1950s, when they met four times for the NFL championship (Detroit won three of the matchups); they have met much less frequently during the regular season since the 1970 AFL–NFL merger due to the Browns' move to the AFC. | Here is a list of rivalries with the Detroit Lions, sorted alphabetically:
* Chicago Bears
* Cleveland Browns
* Green Bay Packers
* Minnesota Vikings
* Tampa Bay Buccaneers |
Who is Antonio Jose de Sucre? | Antonio José de Sucre y Alcalá (Spanish pronunciation: [anˈtonjo xoˈse ðe ˈsukɾe j alkaˈla] (listen); 3 February 1795 – 4 June 1830), known as the "Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho" (English: "Grand Marshal of Ayacucho"), was a Venezuelan independence leader who served as the president of Peru and as the second president of Bolivia. Sucre was one of Simón Bolívar's closest friends, generals and statesmen. | Antonio José de Sucre y Alcalá (Spanish pronunciation: [anˈtonjo xoˈse ðe ˈsukɾe j alkaˈla] (listen); 3 February 1795 – 4 June 1830), known as the "Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho" (English: "Grand Marshal of Ayacucho"), was a Venezuelan independence leader who served as the president of Peru and as the second president of Bolivia. Sucre was one of Simón Bolívar's closest friends, generals and statesmen.
Due to his influence on geopolitical affairs of Latin America, a number of notable localities on the continent now bear Sucre's name. These include the eponymous capital of Bolivia, the Venezuelan state, the department of Colombia and both the old and new airports of Ecuador's capital Quito. Additionally, many schools, streets and districts across the region bear his name as well. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | MLB probe: Marlins pitcher Jarred Cosart is being investigated for alleged gambling . Major League Baseball said on Wednesday it was investigating whether Florida Marlins pitcher Jarred Cosart discussed sports betting with an alleged gambler on his Twitter account. A Florida newspaper, the Miami New Times, reported that direct message tweets were made public on Tuesday purporting to show that Cosart, a 24-year-old right-hander preparing for his third season in the majors, was seeking advice on gambling. Although direct tweets are intended to be private conversations, the alleged unidentified gambler, who regularly tweets advice, decided to release them. Mike Teevan, a Major League Baseball spokesman, said baseball is looking into the allegations. Betting on baseball is a violation of the game's rules. Cosart deleted his Twitter account on Tuesday night. Another Twitter account that opened on Wednesday with Cosart's name discussed the allegations, saying his original Twitter account had been 'accessed by someone else.' 'I have not, nor will I ever, bet on the game of baseball,' a tweet said, according to the New Times, before that account was also deleted. It could not be independently determined if Cosart was the one writing the tweets. The Miami New Times reported that a Twitter user by the name Ghostfade Killah (@ghostfadekillah) posted an alleged direct message from Coart that said, 'No prob. I bet LARGE. Shhh lol looking for some help anywhere I can.' Another message is blacked out but under it is an alleged response from Cosart that said, 'saw a retweet on your under play and hammered it.' Alleged sports betting: Major League Baseball said on Wednesday it was investigating whether Florida Marlins pitcher Jarred Cosart discussed sports betting with an alleged gambler on his Twitter account . Denies gambling: Jarred Cosart posted the gambling allegations on his Twitter account in hopes of dispelling the rumours and then deleted his profile . At 12:34am on Wednesday Ghostfade Killah tweeted, 'Made an MLB player delete his twitter account. Lulz.' Cosart, who issued an apology last year for using a gay slur to describe pop singer Justin Bieber on Twitter, has a career record of 14-12 with a 3.26 earned run average. 'Major League Baseball is investigating and the Marlins have no further comment at this time,' the team said in a statement. Disabled: Jarred Cosart's Twitter has been disabled for the time being as the MLB investigates his alleged gambling with sport's betters . Alleged gambler: Ghostfade Killah published the supposed conversation with Marlins pitcher Jarred Cosart . Marlins pitcher: Jarred Cosart of the Miami Marlins pitches during the first inning of the game against the Minnesota Twins at Roger Dean Stadium on March 22 . | MLB investigating whether Marlins pitcher Jarred Cosart discussed sports betting with an alleged gambler on his Twitter account. Betting on baseball is a violation of the game's rules . 'I have not, nor will I ever, bet on the game of baseball,' a tweet on Cosart's now deleted account said . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | It rather summed up a week when he made headlines for all the wrong reasons that Rory McIlroy should find the water twice on the 18th hole at the WGC-Cadillac Championship at Doral on Sunday. On American television over the weekend it was impossible to escape footage of him tossing his three iron into the water on Friday. Before the start of play, Donald Trump, preposterous owner of this overrated venue, had presented McIlroy with the said club, after it was retrieved by a scuba diver. How typical of Trump that he plans to have the club mounted in the hotel, thereby glorifying an action that would have every regular golfer drummed out of their club if they tried it. Rory McIlroy hits a shot from the ninth fairway during the final roudn att the WGC-Cadillac Championship . McIlroy's round was shaping up nicely before his unfortunate finish on the 18th hole . The World No 1 tries to play his way out of trouble during a disappointing final round at Doral . McIlroy himself is keen to put the incident behind him and did his best with a round that was shaping up nicely until an unfortunate finish. He stood on the 18th tee tied for sixth but put his drive into the water on this brutal hole and then, after adding a penalty shot, his third shot as well. At least he didn’t lose his sense of humour. He feigned to throw another club in the drink, but this time held on to it. Through the back of the green in five, McIlroy was facing a difficult chip down the slope and staring down the barrel of an ugly triple or worse. Typical Rory. He chipped it in to the end the tournament with a more characteristic demonstration of his usual swagger. The resultant double bogey meant he signed for a 71. He still finished in the top 10, though. All those missed putts, shots and water adventures therefore, and still only a handful of players beat him. Among the leaders, it was hard not to feel sorry for American JB Holmes. He began with a five-stroke lead but got his choke in early. Bubba Watson plays a shot out of a bunker on the 11th hole at Trump National Doral Blue Monster Course . There was a seven-shot swing in the first seven holes between him and Bubba Watson, leaving the Masters champion with a two-shot advantage. Watson, however, then dropped a couple of shots himself. With eight holes to play there was a three-way tie for the lead involving these two and fellow big hitter Dustin Johnson. One of the best rounds came from England’s Danny Willett, who shot 68. The 27-year-old, early leader of the Race to Dubai, is getting more comfortable at this rarefied level, and this was a fine confidence boost ahead of his first appearance at The Masters next month. The resultant top-15 finish boosted his world ranking and, as a member of the top 50, assured him of a first appearance in a regular PGA Tour event at the Arnold Palmer Invitational in 10 days. He will also play the Houston Open before Augusta. Dustin Johnson winds up a shot on the 10th hole during a strong final round for the American . ‘I’m obviously very pleased,’ he said. ‘It’s a tough course and the set-up is very difficult so to finish on level par for the week, I’d have bitten your hand off if you’d offered me that on Thursday. When you’re playing with the top 50 you know they’re not going to give you anything, but I’m feeling more comfortable all the time.’ How far can he go? One area of concern remains a chronic back injury that has caused him to withdraw from plenty of tournaments over the years and one this year already. ‘I’m taking painkillers and managing it,’ he said. ‘I’m going to stay over here through the Masters because flying back and forth is no good for it. There’s no point worrying about it, I’ve just got to get on with it.’ He is doing that all right. | Rory McIlroy found the water twice on the 18th hole at the WGC-Cadillac Championship at Doral . The resultant double bogey meant he signed for a 71 . JB Holmes began brightly with a five-stroke lead but faded away . One of the best rounds came from England’s Danny Willett, who shot 68 . |
Given a reference text about Minister for Food, Agriculture and Fisheries of Denmark, when was the position created and was was it named? | Minister for Food, Agriculture and Fisheries of Denmark (Danish: Minister for Fødevarer, Landbrug og Fiskeri) is the politically appointed head of the Danish Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, and a member of the Cabinet. Since 19 November 2020, Rasmus Prehn, from the social democratic party Socialdemokratiet, has served as Minister for Food, Agriculture and Fisheries in the Mette Frederiksen I cabinet.
The ministry and the minister post was created in 1896; the ministry was originally named the Ministry of Agriculture. In 1929 the Directorate of Fishing was spun off into the separate Ministry of Shipping and Fishing, but that ministry was reabsorbed in 1935, and the name changed to Ministry of Agriculture and Fishing. In 1947 the Ministry of Fishing was created again, and the name changed to the Ministry of Agriculture, and this time it lasted until 1994 where it was again folded into the Ministry of Agriculture and Fishing. On 30 December 1996 the name of the ministry was changed to the current Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, often just called the Ministry of Food. | The Minister for Food, Agriculture and Fisheries of Denmark position was created in 1896 and was originally named the Ministry of Agriculture. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Angel di Maria must deliver performances worthy of his £60million price tag if Manchester United are to achieve their goal of Champions League football, according to Gary Neville. Di Maria has failed to live up to his early promise in a Manchester United shirt since his big-money move from Real Madrid in the summer. And former Manchester United defender Neville is sympathetic to the reasons why the Argentina international has struggled over the last eight months at Old Trafford – but says it is time for him to deliver. Angel Di Maria struggled to make an impact on Manchester United's game at Newcastle . Di Maria looks dejected after he was take off at St James' Park . Adnan Januzaj came on to replace Di Maria on Wednesday night in Newcastle . Di Maria has struggled to live up to his £60m price tag in recent months . Writing in his Daily Telegraph column, Neville cites the burglary of Di Maria’s house at the end of January, his lack of English and coming to terms with the fact he did not want to leave the Bernabeu in the summer as some of the reasons why he has been off the boil. Neville said: ‘I fully expected Di Maria and Luke Shaw to form a devastating partnership down the left flank and, even at close to £60m, I had no thoughts whatsoever that his signing was a risk. ‘When he dribbled down the wing at the King Power Stadium before chipping the Leicester goalkeeper Kasper Schmeichel to score his second goal in three games since arriving from Madrid, the United fan in me was so excited and I was thinking, ‘Here we go!’ Di Maria has had a difficult few months at Manchester United after his great start to life at Old Trafford . Di Maria did not want to leave Real Madrid in the summer but was sold to United for £60m . ‘It was an example of everything I expected Di Maria to bring to the Premier League - pace, audacity and a moment of magic capable of turning a game. ‘But since that day, Di Maria has scored just two more goals - one of them coming against Yeovil in the FA Cup - and he has quite simply looked a shadow of his former self.’ ‘He has come to United when he did not want to leave Madrid, has suffered the trauma of a burglary, and started to work for a new manager while playing in a team that is still in a ‘storm’ phase of development. Di Maria scored an excellent goal for United away at Leicester earlier in the season . ‘All of those are factors that would go some way to explaining why Di Maria has struggled after his bright start, but I feel as though I have a parrot on either shoulder, with one telling me to give the benefit of the doubt because of those reasons while the other is saying that, actually, the time has come for a £60m player to deliver.' United are still in the top four of the Premier League and face Arsenal at Old Trafford in the Sixth Round of the FA Cup. And if Louis van Gaal’s side are to end the season on a high then Neville says Di Maria will be required to play a major role. He added: ‘If United are to achieve their aims this season, primarily Champions League qualification, Di Maria is going to have to rid himself of the complexities that have emerged over the past eight months and escape the demons that are playing on his mind.’ | Angel di Maria has been substituted in recent games for Man United . The Argentina star has struggled with life in England in recent months . Di Maria must deliver if United are to qualify for the Champions League . |
Who is Asa Wood? | Asa Butler Wood (August 26, 1865 - May 7, 1945) was an American politician and newspaper publisher, serving as a state senator in the U.S. state of Nebraska from 1924 to 1930. Born in Wapello County, Iowa. Wood entered the newspaper business as a printer in his teens In 1887, at the age of 21, he founded the Gering Courier, a newspaper he ran until his death in 1945. He was known as "the dean of the newspapermen of the Nebraska Panhandle,” and was at one time president of the Nebraska Press Association. He was also a breeder of cattle, and, like many publishers of that time, the local postmaster.
In 1925, he was elected state senator of Nebraska's Thirty-third District. He served as a Republican senator through 1930, and was known as an advocate of clean government and irrigation policy.
Described as a "walking encyclopedia" of western Nebraska history,he served as president of the Nebraska Historical Society from 1936 to 1938.
He left the Courier to his son, Warren Wood, on his death in 1945. | Born in Iowa, Asa Wood was a politician and newspaper publisher who later served as a state senator of Nebraska. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A man faces court for allegedly flying a drone over the Houses of Parliament, Buckingham Palace and several Premier League football grounds. Nigel Wilson, 42, of Nottingham, has been summoned in relation to 17 breaches of the Air Navigation Order, Scotland Yard said today. Among venues over which he is said to have flown a 'small unmanned surveillance aircraft' are Liverpool's Anfield, the Emirates Stadium, Arsenal's home ground and Manchester City's Etihad Stadium. Footage: Nigel Wilson, 42, of Nottingham, has been summoned in relation to 17 breaches of the Air Navigation Order, including over the Emirates Stadium (pictured) Flight: Wilson is also accused of flying near the Palace of Westminster (pictured) and having failed to maintain direct, unaided and visual contact with a drone . He is also alleged to have failed to maintain direct, unaided and visual contact with a drone at Buckingham Palace and the Palace of Westminster. A spokesman for the Civil Aviation Authority said: 'We can confirm that we have assisted the police in preparing this prosecution. 'There are clear rules and regulations in place regarding the flying of drones in the UK and it is the responsibility of users to spend time fully understanding what those rules are.' He will appear at Westminster Magistrates Court on Thursday, April 16. The Civil Aviation Authority has previously issued a warning over the use of drones after footage was posted online. Summons: Wilson will appear in court next month for flying across central London, pictured . Football fan: The suspect is accused of flying a drone over Premier League grounds like Anfield, pictured, as well as the Etihad, the King Power Stadium and the Britannia Stadium . A CAA spokesman said: 'The rule is that you're not allowed to fly over large gatherings of people of 1,000 or more at any height. 'You're not allowed to go within 50 metres of a building or structure. It's not something that people can just do without permission for safety reasons. 'These [drones] can weigh up to seven or eight kilograms. They could create a bit of damage if they fall from 1,000 feet.' The CAA has already prosecuted two people over illegal drone flying. Sorry we are not currently accepting comments on this article. | Nigel Wilson, 42, accused of 17 breaches of the Air Navigation Order . Nottingham resident allegedly went on three-month filming spree . Scotland Yard say he flew over Arsenal, Liverpool and Man City grounds . Detectives believe he took drone over Parliament and Buckingham Palace . Wilson will appear before Westminster Magistrates' Court on April 16 . |
Who discovered the harmonic distribution? | In probability theory and statistics, the harmonic distribution is a continuous probability distribution. It was discovered by Étienne Halphen, who had become interested in the statistical modeling of natural events. His practical experience in data analysis motivated him to pioneer a new system of distributions that provided sufficient flexibility to fit a large variety of data sets. Halphen restricted his search to distributions whose parameters could be estimated using simple statistical approaches. | Étienne Halphen |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)Well, I'll be the first to admit, I got caught off guard on this one. If indeed the assessment of the cockpit voice recording of Germanwings Flight 9525's final moments is an accurate one, it is shocking. It is inconceivable to me that a fellow pilot would use an airplane for his demise and the demise of his passengers. It is my hope that there is more to this uncanny, horrific tragedy than just an extraordinary suicide event. Although a report of normal breathing from the co-pilot in the moments before the crash indicates that he was not incapacitated, how can one really tell? A farfetched idea, but could he have suffered a fit of schizophrenia never diagnosed, or suffered some other mental disorder, perhaps brought on by medication? I know, it's not likely. As an airline pilot, I'm taking this incident personally. Why? A pilot betrayed the public trust. With all the other fears -- terrorism, disappearances of planes, aircraft malfunctions -- how do I reassure my passengers that they should not add medical illness, mental or otherwise, of the pilot to the list? For the moment, I'll have to believe that my customers are intelligent enough to realize that the Germanwings co-pilot is an anomaly. Sure, as with any profession, pilots have isolated cases of stress-related troubles. But we have mechanisms to deal with such problems. One mechanism is very simple: Don't fly. It is incumbent upon us to determine our own fitness for duty. As a matter of fact, on every trip, I have to confirm that status before I electronically sign the flight plan. Whether it's as simple as suffering from the common cold or suffering from the distraction of a nasty divorce, airline pilots can just say "no" to flying. As part of the hiring process, we completed a psychological evaluation. With my airline, one part of the evaluation involved a written test that asked obscure questions in different ways. Another part of the test involved pilots listening to an air traffic control recording made during the angst of a thunderstorm event while at the same time completing a battery of math and shape-orientation problems. We were then asked questions specific to the conversations between the air traffic controllers and pilots we'd heard in the recording. The test was a measure of our multitasking abilities and our abilities to deal with stress. In addition, the airline's doctor conducted an individual mental evaluation. Airline pilots in the United States are required by the Federal Aviation Administration to take a medical examination once every six months. The examination is mostly physical, but the doctor is expected to ask some basic mental health questions, most of them about depression or alcohol consumption. In addition to requiring pilots to indicate any prior health issues during the previous six months, the application for the exam also compels us to self-disclose the use of medications, specifically for the treatment of depression. If we have consulted a therapist, that also has to be disclosed. Yes, all bets are off if we deceive the system by hiding things from it, but by every indication, this rarely occurs. The consequence for deception is having your FAA pilot's license suspended. When it comes to experiencing stress, airline pilots are no different than anyone else. But we tend to deal with stress internally. I have been trained as a peer support volunteer in critical-incident stress management, a joint program between the pilots union and my airline uses as a debriefing method to talk pilots through any serious event experienced in flight. The idea is to mitigate any post-traumatic stress associated with such an event, and occasionally the process would uncover personal issues that would be referred to other support providers, like mental health professionals. I have found that my colleagues demonstrate an above-average ability to compartmentalize their problems and not let personal issues affect their job performance ... most of the time, of course. If personal issues invade the cockpit, mechanisms are in place to assist. What mechanisms? At my airline, both the company and the pilot's union work in unison. Programs to assist a pilot experiencing problems are just a phone call away. And if there is concern about a colleague's mental health, we can contact one of these programs on the other pilot's behalf, anonymously if necessary. In some circumstances a pilot can be removed from duty. At every recurrent training period, the curriculum includes a presentation reminding us of these mechanisms. No system is perfect. Yes, as with all human systems, somebody will fall through the cracks. Even a good psychiatrist can miss an impending suicide. Redesigning an airplane cockpit based on the infinitesimal chance that another Germanwings co-pilot is out there seems like an overreaction. If passengers require reassurance of my sanity, then it would be best to more actively promote the mechanisms already in place. We can start with education. As I fly back from London today, I am certain that the Gulf War Air Force hero beside me, who dealt with enemy missiles and raising a family, will do nothing other than an exemplary job. I am honored to call him my co-pilot. | Les Abend: Fliers should know that Germanwings crash is anomaly; airlines have procedures for vetting pilots' fitness . He says psych evaluations, medical exams, peer-oversight protocols keep such disasters rare . |
Subsets and Splits