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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A former Michigan high school football coach was arrested Friday and faces multiple charges including sending explicit images to students as young as 13 years old. Louis Michael Rau, 46, faces 12 charges including seven counts of distributing sexually explicit matter to a minor; four counts of selling or furnishing alcohol to a minor; and one count of accosting a minor for immoral purposes -- which is a four-year felony, the Morning Sun reports. Rau resigned from his position at the Beal City High School in January after complaints from parents about the coach's alleged inappropriate conduct led to an investigation by the Isabella County Sheriff's Department. Multiple Charges: Louis Rau, 46 (photographed), was arrested Friday and faces multiple charges including sending explicit images to students as young as 13 years old . During the investigation, the department conducted several interviews and searched phones, tablets, cameras, computers, DVD's, text messages and emails, Sheriff Leo Mioduszewski told MLive. The search found that Rau sent nude photos to five victims -- all student-athletes -- between 2011 and 2015, People reports. One of the victims was 13 when the ex-coach began sending him the sexually explicit photos, and all of the others were under 18 years old. Court records obtained by the Sun state that in addition to the photos, Rau gave the boys sex toys. Rau reportedly once gave an eighth grader a toy 'described as a vagina with a tube.' On four different occasions, the Sun reports, Rau purchased alcohol for three of the victims; court records note that both text messages and Rau's admission confirmed the purchases. Victims: The search found that Rau sent nude photos to five victims -- all student-athletes -- between 2011 and 2015 . Toys/Alcohol: Court records state that in addition to the photos, Rau also gave the boys sex toys and bought them alcohol . At Friday's arraignment, Rau's attorney, Dan O'Neill, described Rau as a 'home-grown boy' and noted that the 46-year-old had no criminal record, the Sun reports. He spoke of Rau's notoriety as 'the most celebrated football coach Beal City has ever had.' Rau's bail was set at $80,000, lowered from $120,000 which was set during the time of his arrest, the Sun reports. Upon his resignation, Rau, who also served as a substitute teacher at the school, was banned from school grounds except for school board meetings and public elections held at the school, MLive reports. As part of his bail conditions, Rau is not allowed in any school zones, not allowed to be in the presence of minors, not allowed to attend sporting events where minors or present, and is not allowed to contact the victims in any way, according to MLive. In 2006, Rau received a 14-day unpaid suspension for allegedly slapping a player at a football banquet. Slap: In 2006, Rau received a 14-day unpaid suspension for allegedly slapping a player at a football banquet . High School: A Beal City High School (photographyed) graduate, Rau began coaching at the school in 2000 and led the team to a state championship in 2009 . An investigation into the incident was launched after a concerned parent of a former-player wrote a letter detailing the July 2006 incident, saying several football players saw Rau slap the student in the face. 'When I asked [the victim] about the incident myself, he said that, 'Yes. Mr. Rau b**** slapped me,'' the letter reads. A Beal City High School graduate, Rau began coaching at the school in 2000 and led the team to a state championship in 2009. Rau posted bail shortly after his arraignment Friday and is scheduled to appear in court Thursday for a probable cause hearing. | Louis Rau, 46, was arrested Friday and faces multiple charges including sending sexually explicit images to minors . Rau allegedly sent the nude photos to five student-athletes, bought alcohol for the minors and sent them sex toys over a three-year period . The ex-coach is facing 12 charges, one of which is a four-year felony . Rau resigned in January after a parent complained to Beal City High School officials about Rau's inappropriate conduct . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | He may be more known for his outlandish character and raucous behaviour, but Mario Balotelli has been reminding everyone he has a softer side. The Liverpool striker took to Instagram on Monday to post a picture of him sleeping next to his baby daughter Pia. The Italy international announced he was the father to the two-year-old a little over a year ago after having it proved conclusively by a positive DNA test. Mario Balotelli uploaded a picture to Instagram of him taking a nap with his baby daughter Pia, two . Balotelli fathered a child with former girlfriend Raffaella Fico (pair together pictured in 2012) Fico pictured swimming while on holiday in Saint Tropez last summer . Balotelli was back in Liverpool training on Monday after Sunday's 2-1 victory against Manchester City . Balotelli was all smiles in training during a race with defender kolo Toure at the club's Melwood training ground . And Balotelli showed off his paternal side as he took a nap with Pia the day after Liverpool boosted their top four hopes with a 2-1 win against Manchester City. Jordan Henderson and Philippe Coutinho struck brilliant goals either side of an Edin Dzeko equaliser as Rodgers' side made it eight wins in the last 10 league games. The win moved the Reds above Southampton into sixth place just two points behind Manchester United in fourth and three behind third-place Arsenal. Balotelli, pictured talking to Daniel Sturridge, was just a substitute for the clash on Sunday . Jordan Henderson celebrates after giving Liverpool the lead against Manchester City on Sunday . The impressive Philippe Coutinho won the game for Brendan Rodgers' side in the second half . The former City striker did not feature in the clash on Sunday as the 24-year-old continues to find game-time and goals limited at Liverpool. Balotelli hasn't started a Premier League game for the Anfield club since November and has only scored four goals from 23 appearances since joining from AC Milan last summer. | Mario Balotelli has a baby daughter with former girlfriend Rafaella Fico . Striker announced he was the father to Pia, two, a little over a year ago . Former Mancehster City forward took a DNA test to prove he was the father . Balotelli posted picture on Instagram of him asleep next to Pia on monday . Liverpool beat Manchester City in the Premier League on Sunday . |
Who created the scheme programming language? | Scheme is a dialect of the Lisp family of programming languages. Scheme was created during the 1970s at the MIT AI Lab and released by its developers, Guy L. Steele and Gerald Jay Sussman, via a series of memos now known as the Lambda Papers. It was the first dialect of Lisp to choose lexical scope and the first to require implementations to perform tail-call optimization, giving stronger support for functional programming and associated techniques such as recursive algorithms. It was also one of the first programming languages to support first-class continuations. It had a significant influence on the effort that led to the development of Common Lisp. | The scheme programming language was developed by Guy L. Steele and Gerald Jay Sussman during the 1970s at the MIT AI Lab in a series of memos known as the Lambda Papers. |
Is the harmonic distribution a discrete distribution? | In probability theory and statistics, the harmonic distribution is a continuous probability distribution. It was discovered by Étienne Halphen, who had become interested in the statistical modeling of natural events. His practical experience in data analysis motivated him to pioneer a new system of distributions that provided sufficient flexibility to fit a large variety of data sets. Halphen restricted his search to distributions whose parameters could be estimated using simple statistical approaches. | No, it is a continuous distribution. |
Given a reference text about Raul Axente Ciupe, tell me what country he is from and what position he played. | Raul Axente Ciupe (born 24 November 1983) is a Romanian former footballer who played as a right back or midfielder for teams such as Sportul Studențesc, Universitatea Cluj or Sănătatea Cluj, among others.
Career
After playing for Gaz Metan Mediaș in Divizia B, Ciupe made his top-flight debut on 31 July 2004 as a Sportul Studențesc player, in a match against Unirea Alba-Iulia.
Playing for the Romania national under-21 football team in a match against Macedonia, he was fouled by Goran Popov and suffered a broken tibia. Minutes earlier, another Macedonian player, Hristijan Kirovski, was sent off after also fouling Ciupe. The right-back completely missed the 2005–2006 season because of the injury.
Ciupe played seven years for Sportul Studențesc before joining FC Brașov in November 2011. In June 2012 he was transferred by his hometown team Universitatea Cluj for whom he managed to score his first goals in Liga I, against Astra Ploiești and the local rivals from CFR Cluj. | Raul Axente Ciupe is from Romania and played right-back. |
Given this paragraph about the description of wakesurfing, what is needed to generate the wave? | Wakesurfing is a water sport in which a rider trails behind a boat, riding the boat's wake without being directly pulled by the boat. After getting up on the wake, typically by use of a tow rope, the wakesurfers will drop the rope, and ride the steep face below the wave's peak in a fashion reminiscent of surfing. Wakesurfers generally use special boards, designed specifically for wakes. | a boat |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Yesterday saw the Countess of Wessex tour the set, accompanied by the Mexican First Lady, Angélica Rivera. Now Kensington Palace has announced that Downton Abbey is to have a second royal visitor, this time, the Duchess of Cambridge. Kate, 33, will travel to Ealing Studios in London, where she will be shown around the set and introduced to cast members, among them Dame Maggie Smith who plays the formidable Dowager Countess. Scroll down for video . Going to Downton: The Duchess of Cambridge is to visit the set of Downton Abbey next week . Other cast members due to be introduced to the Duchess include Phyllis Logan, who plays Mrs Hughes, and Hugh Bonneville and Elizabeth McGovern who play the Earl and Countess of Grantham. The Duchess, who is eight months pregnant with her second child, will also watch a scene being filmed and be shown a walkway crammed with memorabilia detailing the history of Ealing Studios. The cast are currently filming series six of the long-running ITV drama, with cast and crew splitting their time between Ealing and locations such as Highclere Castle in Berkshire which stands in for the eponymous Downton Abbey. Downton is, of course, no stranger to royal visits having previously hosted the Countess of Wessex and, in 2011, royal in-laws Carole, Michael and Pippa Middleton. Royal visit: Yesterday saw the Countess of Wessex and Mexico's Angélica Rivera pay a visit to the set . Visitors: Pippa Middleton has visited the set and the Duchess of Cornwall is a 'Downton addict' Meeting the royals: Hugh Bonneville and Elizabeth McGovern are among cast members who will meet Kate . The drama also boasts several royal fans, among them the Duchess of Cornwall who confessed to being a 'Downton addict' when she met cast member Lesley Nichol (Mrs Patmore) last year. Another fan of the drama is the Duchess of Cambridge who, in 2011, told Jessica Findlay-Brown, who played Lady Sybil that she and Prince William are both avid viewers. One royal who is yet to visit is the Queen, although she did get a taste of life on set when she visited the cast of Game of Thrones in Belfast last year. Although Her Majesty declined to sit on the infamous Iron Throne, she did reference the TV series during the 2014 Queen's speech. Buckingham Palace: The Christmas 2013 episode featured Edward VIII and George V . Visit: The Queen is no stranger to a set visit and toured the Game of Thrones set last year . Downton creator Julian Fellowes has also been known to write the royals, albeit historical ones, into the series with the 2013 season including a storyline about Edward VIII and his first great love, Freda Dudley-Ward. The story focused on Lady Rose's debut which, in the series, was staged at Buckingham Palace and, in one scene, saw her dance in the arms of the future king who was played by Oliver Dinsdale. His father, George V, also made an appearance in the 2013 Christmas episode, with the Queen's grandfather portrayed by Guy Williams. | The Duchess of Cambridge will visit the set of Downton Abbey next week . Kate, who is eight months pregnant, is second royal visitor in seven days . Downton had a visit from Sophie Wessex and Mexico's Angélica Rivera . Show has also included historical royals such as George V in storylines . Kate has previously admitted to being a fan, as is Prince William . Other fans include Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall and Pippa Middleton . Pippa visited the set with Michael and Carole Middleton in 2011 . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A tourist has videoed the exact moment a Japanese volcano erupts - including the rare phenomenon of volcanic lightning. Shot by filmmaker Marc Szeglat, 47, the footage shows the highly active Sakurajima volcano on the Japanese island of Kyushu. The volcano explodes into life as it sprays burning hot ash high into the air - followed by a deafening shockwave. Mar Szeglat managed to capture the rare occurrence of volcanic lighting at the Sakurajima volcano on the Japanese island of Kyushu . The volcano explodes into life as it sprays burning hot ash high into the air - followed by a deafening shockwave . The German videographer was able to capture the volcanic lightning, as well as an explosive shockwave which rippled through the sky. Sakurajima, translated as Cherry Island, has been erupting on a regular basis since 1955 and is a constant danger to the nearby city of Kagoshima, which has a population of over 600,000. In 1914, the then-dormant volcano emitted the largest eruption in Japan during the twentieth century. Marc explained what it was like to photograph such an active and dangerous volcano - which erupted between March 2 and 7 2015. The videographer described the experience as 'scary' when it was happening right in front of him . The German videographer found a perfect vantage point so as to catch the beautiful, yet ferocious moments, of eruption . Sakurajima, translated as Cherry Island, has been erupting on a regular basis since 1955 . He said: 'There was a delay of several seconds between seeing the eruption and the arrival of the shockwave and sound. 'This was very exciting as I didn't know how strong the shockwave would be. 'But when it happened I felt the breath of wind from the interior of the earth like an extremely brief squall. In 1914, the then-dormant volcano emitted the largest eruption in Japan during the twentieth century . Szeglat was able to capture the volcanic lightning, as well as an explosive shockwave which rippled through the sky . 'After that, my friend and I laughed loudly and we were very happy. 'The lightning is very rare and does not appear in a normal ash cloud but in clouds from pyroclastic flows - which are mixtures of rock fragments and hot gases. 'Pyroclastic flows are the most dangerous hazards on volcanoes and so I was a little bit afraid when a big one was happening in front of me - but in fact the whole experience was a great adventure.' | Marc Szeglat, 47, shot the footage at the highly active Sakurajima volcano on the Japanese island of Kyushu . Sakurajima has been erupting on a regular basis since 1955 and is a constant danger to city of Kagoshima . In 1914, the then-dormant volcano emitted the largest eruption in Japan during the twentieth century . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker tops likely Republican voters' 2016 lists for second week in row. A handful of flubs and a flip-flop that were heavily covered by the media don't seem to have slowed down the second-term governor's momentum in the invisible presidential primary, and in a national Quinnipiac University poll released on Thursday Walker came in first with 18 percent. Former Florida Gov. Jeb Bush, previously considered the GOP front-runner, was right behind him at 16 percent. Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker addresses the American Conservative Union's 42nd Annual Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) at National Harbor, Maryland, last week. Walker didn't win the CPAC straw poll, but he has topped national 2016 polls for the last two weeks . Just two weeks ago it was Bush who was leading Walker by an average of two points in early primary states. But by the time the right-wing of the party made its annual pilgrimage to the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area for the Conservative Political Action Conference last weekend, it was Walker who was carrying the GOP's torch. A Public Policy Polling survey released a day before the soft start of the convention found that 25 percent of the Republican party had coalesced around The Badger State's chief executive. Retired neurosurgeon Ben Carson, who earlier this week became the first Republican to launch a presidential exploratory committee, made a surprise second showing in that poll, taking 18 percent of the vote, as Bush slipped to third place. This week Bush was back on Walker's heels, though, as the Wisconsin governor took flak over comments he made about President Barack Obama's patriotism and religion, protesters in his state and illegal immigration. As pollsters for Quinnipiac began their survey, Walker was asked by the Associated Press if believes that Obama loves his country. The question was related to remarks former New York Mayor Rudy Giuliani made at a New York dinner honoring Walker during which the failed presidential candidate suggested the Commander in Chief doesn't have the same level of deference to America as the rest of his countrymen. 'You should ask the president what he thinks about America,' Walker told The Associated Press when he was approached about Giuliani's comments during a Washington, D.C. meeting of the nation's governors. 'I've never asked him so I don't know.' That same weekend Walker told The Washington Post he couldn't possibly know whether Obama is a Christian or not. 'I've never asked him that,' Walker said. 'You've asked me to make statements about people that I haven't had a conversation with about that. How [could] I say if I know either of you are a Christian?' Jeb Bush shakes CPAC attendees' hands at last weekend's convention. Bush, previously considered the GOP front-runner, was right behind Walker in this week's presidential survey , taking 16 percent to Walker's 18 percent . From there, his week didn't get much better. Asked at CPAC what qualifies him to take on terrorists, Walker brought up his 2012 fight with public sector unions. Democrats in Wisconsin tried to recall him over measures, however Walker won statewide election again, with an even wider margin of victory that he did the first time. 'If I can do that with 100,000 protesters, I can do the same across the world,' he said. The comments were interpreted by some reporters as a comparison between his home state critics an savages in the Middle East - something his political action committee told Daily Mail Online in an email that was neither fair nor true. Then, on Sunday, he walked back his position on immigration, saying he no longer believes in a pathway to citizenship for illegal residents. 'I don't believe in amnesty,' Walker told Fox News Sunday. 'My view has changed. I'm flat out saying it. Candidates can say that.' Still, other Republicans whose names were tested by Quinnipiac attracted less than half as much support as Walker did in the recent poll. Tied for third were New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie and former Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee with eight percent each. Carson took 7 percent of the mock vote, and a trio of senators who are expected to run - Rand Paul of Kentucky, Ted Cruz of Texas and Marco Rubio of Florida - received between five and six percent of Republicans' support. Paul's showings in surveys throughout the last month haven't been as strong as some of his likely competitors', Walker and Bush included, but at CPAC it was the freshman lawmaker who claimed victory as his team showed off its organizing prowess and secured him his third straw poll win in three years. Straw poll winners rarely go on to wrap up the nomination. Paul's unique ability to turn out his supporters will prove beneficial in caucus states like Iowa, however. | A handful of flubs and a flip-flop don't seem to have slowed down the second-term governor's momentum in the invisible presidential primary . Walker came in first in Quinnipiac University's survey with 18 percent; former Florida Gov. Jeb Bush was right behind him at 16 percent . Other Republicans whose names were tested by Quinnipiac attracted less than half as much support as Walker . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | The League Two clash between play-off rivals Bury and Southend at the JD Stadium had to be abandoned after just seven minutes as torrential rain rendered the pitch unplayable. The game went ahead despite a heavy downpour prior to the 3pm kick-off but after a short discussion with the managers the referee decided to postpone the match. The officials planned to bring the players back out after 20 minutes to re-assess the state of the pitch and the weather but, despite the use of rollers during the break, the match was abandoned. Players were taken off the pitch just seven minutes into the League Two clash between Bury and Southend . Torrential rain before and during the game cause the pitch to become waterlogged . Bury groundsman tries in vain to rid the pitch of some of the surface water before the game was abandoned . Players battle for the ball in the very wet conditions before the game was postponed . The visiting Southend fans had to make the 500-mile, eight hour round trip from Essex to Lancashire to witness just a few minutes of football and the fixture is now likely to be replayed on a midweek evening. Bury manager David Flicroft said: 'Absolutely right decision by the ref, he had every right to start the game. Well done to the ref for making the right decision. 'I am gutted for the fans, as it looked like a great turn out by them today. It's tough for the Southend fans now who'll have to make the long trip up on a Tuesday night now.' Southend fans had to make the 500-mile round trip that would have taken longer than eight hours . Southend manager Phil Brown leaves the pitch in the heavy rain . Both manager agreed that it was the right decision to call the game off . Southend manager Phil Brown shared Flicroft's sentiments regarding the supporters but was able to take comfort in the fact he didn't have a full-strength side for the crucial fixture. 'I’m disappointed for the fans but it’s a good call for us because we had four players out today,' Brown said. 'Twenty minutes before the game the pitch was playable and both managers agreed with that. But it was monsoon-like and the rain is still coming down so it was the right decision (to abandon the game).' Supporters have been offered a half price ticket for the re-arranged fixture. | Bury took on Southend at the JD Stadium in League Two on Saturday . The players were taken off after seven minutes after a torrential downpour . The match was later abandoned as the rain continued to fall . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Alan Pardew has backed Crystal Palace defender Scott Dann to carry on improving and challenge for a place in the England squad in the near future. England boss Roy Hodgson opted for Phil Jagielka, Gary Cahill, Phil Jones and Chris Smalling as his four centre back for the upcoming internationals with Lithuania and Italy at the end of the month. But Dann has been in impressive form for Palace in recent months as they moved away from relegation danger. Scott Dann has been in brilliant form for Crystal Palace recently and could be in line for an England call . Alan Pardew has back his centre back to keep improving and draw Roy Hodgson's attention to him . But Pardew says that Dann, 28, has his best years ahead of him and can carry on improving. He said: ‘He is a good age and is coming into his prime age as a centre half and he has a lot of experience under his belt at this level. ‘He has not surprised me in terms of his character because he plays with an honesty in every game. He has been very impressive since I have been here and his confidence is high. He hit a pass out to a left winger at the weekend that Glenn Hoddle would have been proud of. ‘He has some good players in front of him and they have a lot more experience at that top level than he does. ‘I don’t think he should be disappointed he has not made this squad. He is playing well at the moment and it is there for all to see. What will be, will be, but his best years are still in front of him.’ For Pardew personally, he would love to see a Palace player called up to the England squad. Wilfried Zaha was the last Palace player to be called up to the England squad back in 2012 and Pardew says his players must find their place in the Premier League first. Dann is 28 but Pardew says he has his best years ahead of him and has been impressed by his character . Charlie Austin, who was also left out of the England squad, loses out in an aerial challenge to Dann . Wilfried Zaha was the last Palace player to be called up for England in 2012 in his previous spell at the club . Pardew would love to see a Palace player called up to the England squad during his time as manager . Harry Kane’s rapid assent into Hodgson’s squad is something that Pardew admires and hopes he can unearth someone of his quality. He added: ‘There have not been too many Palace players in the England squad in recent years and it would be nice to get someone in that squad. Sometimes when a team has just been promoted and you are in your second year, you have not got the foundations yet to be proven to show you are good enough at that level. Harry Kane has won a place in the England squad and Pardew has been impressed with his quick progress . ‘Our boys are fighting for their status and you need to gain that. ‘To be fair to Harry Kane he has done that in a very quick time at a top club, and that is difficult to do, so hats off to him. ‘Lets hope we can produce someone of his ilk as he is a real example to players up and down the country.’ | Alan Pardew says he would love to have players in the England squad . Manager believes Scott Dan can continue to impress and win a place . Phil Jagielka, Gary Cahill, Phil Jones and Chris Smalling all in latest squad . Wilfried Zaha was last Palace player to make England squad back in 2012 . Pardew gives credit to Harry Kane for his rapid rise through the ranks . |
From the passage list down the various Gods whom Bhrigu visited. List the results in comma separated format. | Once, the sages wanted to decide the deity to dedicate a ritual. The sages appointed the sage Bhrigu to select the god. Bhrigu decided to test the gods. He first went to the King of Svarga, Indra, who ignored the sage, and was busy in enjoying the dance of apsaras in heaven. Bhrigu cursed Indra that he would only be referred to as an egoistic soul, all over the universe. He next visited Brahma. Brahma was busy with his four heads in chanting the Vedas, performing meditation, creating the world, and spending his time with his wife, Saraswati. Next, he visited Shiva. Shiva was busy in his Rudradhyanam with his wife, Parvati, at his feet. Bhrigu cursed Shiva that he would be worshipped only in the formless Lingam. At last, Bhrigu went to Vishnu. Vishnu was sleeping on Adishesha, and Lakshmi was at his feet. When Bhrigu arrived, he first saw Vishnu's feet, and felt humiliated. Enraged, he kicked Vishnu on his chest. Awakened, Vishnu started massaging Bhrigu's feet, and served him with great hospitality. Bhrigu was pleased, and ordered the sages to perform the rites to Vishnu. Lakshmi quarreled with Vishnu, as she felt that Bhrigu insulted her indirectly by hitting Vishnu on his chest where she lived, and thus left Vaikuntha.
She settled on earth in disguise as a young-sage like boy in the ancient city of Karvir, and meditated the name of Vishnu (Regarded by adherents to be the site of the Mahalakshmi temple). Vishnu soon arrived on earth, searching for his consort. He failed to find her, and instead settled on the Seshachalam hills. This happened to be the spot in Tirupati where Varaha had rested and taught Karma Yoga to the people till the beginning of Kali Yuga, after having rescuing Bhudevi from the wicked Hiranyaksha. Vishnu sat inside an anthill in his disguise, which was situated under a tamarind tree, and started chanting the name of his wife, Mahalakshmi.
The whole earth became gloomy. On the request of Parvati and Saraswati, Shiva and Brahma incarnated as a cow and a calf respectively, in the Chola kingdom. This cow and calf were being grazed daily by a shepherd of Chola kingdom in the Seshachalam hills. Everyday, the cow used to pour her milk into the anthill to lessen the thirst of Vishnu. Due to this, the cow and calf became pale and unhealthy. The shepherd noticed this, and felt that something was awry. The next day, the shepherd took the animals for grazing, and as was the custom, the cow poured milk into the anthill. The shepherd saw this act, and he threw an axe (parasu) on the cow and calf. Vishnu noticed, and in order to protect them, Vishnu arose from the anthill and the axe hit his own forehead (the blood poured as his namam on his head). An enraged Vishnu cursed the shepherd that he would die immediately, and the latter succumbed to the blow of his own axe. This news reached the Chola king. The ruler suspected the absence of the shepherd. He went near the grazing field, and was surprised to see the corpse of the shepherd. He went to the grazing field, where the cows were offering their milk to Vishnu. However, Vishnu was in disguise, and so the king could not identify him. The king strung his arrow, believing that the milk should serve the kingdom rather than the boy he saw. Vishnu, once again, emerged, and grew enormous, stopped the arrows from passing further and he cursed the king for not maintaining the dharma of his kingdom. The king repented and surrendered at the deity's feet. Unlike the shepherd, the king had realised his mistake, which pleased Vishnu, and hence presented him with the boon that he would marry the king's daughter in his next birth.
In his next birth, Vishnu incarnated as Srinivasa, to a woman named Vakuladevi. It is said that in the Dvapara Yuga, Krishna presented Yashoda with a boon that he would be born to the former in the Kali Yuga. Vakuladevi is regarded as the reincarnation of Yashoda. Meanwhile, the goddess Lakshmi was born at the palace of Akasha Raja, the next birth of the Chola king. Srinivasa was a forest-dweller. One day, he met a beautiful girl named Padmavati, the princess of the Chola dynasty. Padmavati fell in love with Srinivasa , and decided to marry him. According to the boon of Vishnu to the Chola king in their previous births, Srinivasa has to marry Padmavati, princess of Chola dynasty. For the marriage expenses, Srinivasa borrowed riches from Kubera, and promised to repay the loan with interest at the end of the Kali Yuga. | Indra, Brahma, Saraswati, Shiva, Parvati, Vishnu, Lakshmi |
What is Lean manufacturing | Lean manufacturing is a production method aimed primarily at reducing times within the production system as well as response times from suppliers and to customers. It is closely related to another concept called just-in-time manufacturing (JIT manufacturing in short). Just-in-time manufacturing tries to match production to demand by only supplying goods which have been ordered and focuses on efficiency, productivity (with a commitment to continuous improvement) and reduction of "wastes" for the producer and supplier of goods. Lean manufacturing adopts the just-in-time approach and additionally focuses on reducing cycle, flow and throughput times by further eliminating activities which do not add any value for the customer. Lean manufacturing also involves people who work outside of the manufacturing process, such as in marketing and customer service. | Lean is a production method. |
Given the reference text about "The New Deal", what are the "3 R's" historians refer to about the program. | The New Deal was a series of programs, public work projects, financial reforms, and regulations enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the United States between 1933 and 1939. Major federal programs and agencies included the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), the Works Progress Administration (WPA), the Civil Works Administration (CWA), the Farm Security Administration (FSA), the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 (NIRA) and the Social Security Administration (SSA). They provided support for farmers, the unemployed, youth, and the elderly. The New Deal included new constraints and safeguards on the banking industry and efforts to re-inflate the economy after prices had fallen sharply. New Deal programs included both laws passed by Congress as well as presidential executive orders during the first term of the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt.
The programs focused on what historians refer to as the "3 R's": relief for the unemployed and for the poor, recovery of the economy back to normal levels, and reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression. The New Deal produced a political realignment, making the Democratic Party the majority (as well as the party that held the White House for seven out of the nine presidential terms from 1933 to 1969) with its base in progressive ideas, the South, big city machines and the newly empowered labor unions, and various ethnic groups. The Republicans were split, with progressive Republicans in support but conservatives opposing the entire New Deal as hostile to business and economic growth. The realignment crystallized into the New Deal coalition that dominated presidential elections into the 1960s while the opposing conservative coalition largely controlled Congress in domestic affairs from 1937 to 1964. | The "3 R's" historians refer to are the following:
- Relief for the unemployed and for the poor
- Recovery of the economy back to normal levels
- Reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression |
What is contrast therapy used for? | Contrast bathing can be used to reduce swelling around injuries or to aid recovery from exercise. It can also significantly improve muscle recovery following exercise by reducing the levels of blood lactate concentration. For any injury presenting with palpable swelling and heat, and visible redness - such as a strain/sprain - contrast baths are contraindicated during the acute inflammation stage. Acute inflammation begins at the time of injury and lasts for approximately 72 hours. | Contrast bathing can be used to reduce swelling around injuries or to aid recovery from exercise. |
Based on the paragraph below, what are some potential benefits of TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) treatment? | Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is a commonly used treatment approach to alleviate acute and chronic pain by reducing the sensitization of dorsal horn neurons, elevating levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid and glycine, and inhibiting glial activation. However, many systematic reviews and meta analyses assessing clinical trials looking at the effectiveness of using TENS to reduce different sources of pain have been inconclusive due to a lack of high quality and unbiased evidence. Potential benefits of TENS treatment include the safety, relative low cost, the ability to self-administer, and availability over the counter without a prescription. In principle, an adequate intensity of stimulation is necessary to achieve pain relief with TENS. An analysis of treatment fidelity (meaning that the delivery of TENS in a trial was in accordance with current clinical advice, such as using "a strong but comfortable sensation" and suitable, frequent treatment durations) showed that higher fidelity trials tended to have a positive outcome. | Some benefits of TENS treatment are the low cost, ability to self-administer (which lends itself to flexibility, and being able to treat at home), and availability without a prescription. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | This is the heartbreaking moment a father cradled his newborn quadruplets in his arms - just hours after his wife died giving birth to them. Carlos Morales from Phoenix, Arizona, held the babies - three girls and one boy - after his wife Erica, 36, passed away on January 15. The pair had gone through IVF fertility treatment in a desperate attempt to conceive to complete their family. But the last time Mr Morales saw his wife was when she kissed her on the head and said he loved her before going into labor at Banner Good Samaritan Hospital. Scroll down for video . Tragic: Carlos Morales from Phoenix, Arizona, held the babies - three girls and one boy - after his wife Erica, 36, passed away on January 15. Their mother would never get to meet them . The children arrived one month before her due date. Carlos Jr, Paisley, Tracy, and Erica were delivered safely but the mother went into hypovolemic shock, an emergency condition where one experiences a severe amount of blood loss. Just an hour later she died, and never got to hold them in her arms. Since then Mr Morales has been caring for the youngsters and has described the ordeal he has been through. 'We were so excited to start our family,' he told People magazine, 'And then it all came crashing down.' In the heartbreaking interview, he also described the moment the pair first met. 'I didn't speak any English and she didn't speak any Spanish,', laughing. 'But I asked her to dance and she said yes.' He then gave her his phone number, only to discover she had thrown the piece of paper out. Loving father: The children arrived one month before her due date. Carlos Jr, Paisley, Tracy, and Erica were delivered safely but the mother went into hypovolemic shock. She died an hour later . However they met each other through friends again and sparked a relationship. After marrying in Las Vegas in 2007, Mr Morales said they started trying for a baby right away. They went through a miscarriage, but were ecstatic when they found out the had a baby (before they realized it was mutiple) on the way. He told the magazine: 'Her doctor told her she had to just relax. So that's exactly what she did.' In a bid to prevent her from any undue stress, Mr Morales cooked, cleaned and made sure his wife stayed off her feet. She had been healthy throughout the pregnancy, but was admitted into hospital on January 12 because her blood pressure was high. Three days later, she texted her husband at his construction job and said doctors wanted to deliver right away. Bond: The pair got married in 2007 and tried for a baby straight away. After a miscarriage they opted for IVF. Mr Morales said 'We were so excited to start our family. And then it all came crashing down.' 'The doctor said she was having too many contractions so it was time to deliver the babies,' he said: 'We took pictures before she went into the delivery room, made some videos, and she was surrounded by family and friends. I said to her, 'Let's get these babies out'.' They began discussing names, but Mrs Morales said the pair could decide after they were born. After the birth the babies were laid down in a nursery, Mr Morales went in and squeezed his wife hand as she woke up. A short time later alarms from the equipment surrounding her bed started going off. The next thing Mr Morales was told is that his wife was dead. Describing what happened to People, he said: 'How could this have happened? She was fine, and then she wasn't. She was alive and then she was just gone. 'I went from having the best day of my life to the next morning experiencing the worst day of my life.' The nurse then brought the babies into the room and he held them on his lap. The nurse asked for their names and he gave her three they had agreed on and one he decided himself - Erica. Paisley and Erica are still in the hospital where Mr Morales goes every day, while his mother-in-law cares for Carlos Jr. and Tracey at home. Heartbreaking: Mr Morales and his wife (pictured during pregnancy) started discussing names before she went into labor. She then told they would decide after they were born . During his visits he is taking classes to make sure he gives his children the best care possible. He told the magazine 'I'm learning everything from how to give them a bath, CPR, feeding, and how to manage their sleep schedule. I need to be prepared.' When he was looking on his wife's iPad, Mr Morales found a note she had written. It described how she wanted her children to go to college, speak both Spanish and English, and get good jobs. Since Mrs Morales' death, family, friends and strangers have clubbed together to support the widower, who faces bringing the children up on his own. A GoFundMe page set up by Nicole Todman as raised alomost $250,000. Mrs Morales went into hospital with a swollen foot and tests showed her blood pressure to be 190/90. On that day she wrote on Facebook: 'He said I have to get admitted until delivery. It's been down lower today but it's too late. 'He will keep me and he ordered some labs. 'He will push deliver up or stall it to to 34 weeks. I'm 31 tomorrow. He said I did phenomenal. A poster child for quads. 'He wish they could all go this way but this last part we have to do it carefully because u can stroke out with bad blood pressure. I'm sure I won't but he looking at how to finish things.' After explaining that it would definitely be a premature birth, Mrs Morales added: 'I always want more but sometimes you just have to sit back and thank God for blessing up to this point and put it fully in his hands. Thanks for the prayers and everything else.' To donate to the Morales family click here . Looking to the future: After her death, Mr Morales found a note on his wife's iPad describing how she wanted her children to go to college, speak English and Spanish, and get good jobs . | Carlos Morales from Phoenix, Arizona, held the babies - three girls and one boy - after his wife Erica, 36, passed away on January 15 . Pair went through IVF fertility treatment in a bid to complete their family . Children arrived one month before their due date and were delivered safely . Mr Morales said it went from being the best day of his life to the worst . Is now bringing up the children on his own and taking childcare classes . He revealed how they were discussing baby names just before she went into labor . |
Extract all of the names of people mentioned in this paragraph and list them using bullets in the format {Name} | The Wildfoods festival was started in 1990 by Hokitika local Claire Bryant, a producer of gorse-flower and rose-petal wine, who wanted to celebrate the flavours and produce of the West Coast. The first festival in March 1990 coincided with Hokitika's 125th anniversary and was run by Heritage Hokitika. It took place in a newly-developed heritage area on Gibson Quay in downtown Hokitika. The first Wildfoods had 30 stalls, and attracted 1800 people. Alison Holst was the celebrity judge. | • Claire Bryant
• Alison Holst |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | When he’s not missing sitters, Arsenal adore him. When they’re not jeering and cheering the decision to replace him, the fans like nothing more than belting out his name to the tune of 'Hey Jude'. Olivier Giroud’s world is a little mixed up right now, but it is never boring. Having missed three months of the campaign with a broken ankle, he is making up for lost time by cramming in the emotions. On Boxing Day, there was the daft red card against Queen’s Park Rangers for butting Nedum Onuoha and there was last week against Monaco. Olivier Giroud stabs in Arsenal's first goal of the evening against Queens Park Rangers at Loftus Road on Wednesday . Giroud lifts Arsenal team-mate Tomas Rosicky up in the air in celebration of his goal shortly after the hour mark . Alexis Sanchez cut in from the left hand side to score from a tight angle and end his run of eight games without a goal . Sanchez celebrates doubling Arsenal's lead mid way through the second half at Loftus Road . The Chile international let out a roar after hitting the target at Loftus Road as Kieran Gibbs joined him to celebrate . Sanchez did take a tumble during the match at Loftus Road and almost ended up in a camera pit . Charlie Austin scored a superb consolation goal late in the game after being given too much room by Arsenal's defence . The France international blows kisses to the Arsenal supporters after breaking the deadlock in west London . Giroud was guilty of missed good chances in the first leg of the Champions League tie and took the blame was his side lost 3-1 at home. It is hard to see them getting out of that particular fix, but he has set about making amends for a poor display by getting back in the goals. 'He is strong mentally,' said manager Arsene Wenger. 'He can take criticism and respond.' Giroud was on target against Everton on Sunday and opened the scoring in the 64th minute at Loftus Road last night with his 13th goal of the season, one which gave Arsenal control of this lively London derby. Alexis Sanchez added the second, his first in eight games, and Wenger eased three points closer to the total of 72 he thinks will be required to be safely back in the Champions League next season. As for QPR, the relegation woes deepen and it is beginning to look ominous for them at the bottom. QPR (4-4-2): Green 6; Furlong 6, Onuoha 6 (Hill 45, 6), Caulker 6, Yun 6; Phillips 6, Henry 6, Sandro 5 (Kranjcar 57, 5), Hoilett 5; Zamora 6, Austin 6.5. Subs not used: McCarthy, Isla, Wright-Phillips, Vargas, Zarate. Goals: Austin. Bookings: Henry . Arsenal (4-2-3-1): Ospina 6; Bellerin 6.5, Mertesacker 6, Gabriel 6.5 (Koscielny 36, 6), Gibbs 6.5; Cazorla 7, Coquelin 6.5; Rosicky 6.5, Ozil 6 (Welbeck 94), Sanchez 6; Giroud 7.5. Subs not used: Martinez, Chambers, Ramsey, Oxlade-Chamberlain, Walcott. Goals: Giroud, Sanchez. Bookings: Bellerin . MoM: Giroud . Ref: Kevin Friend 5 . Att: 17,977 . CLICK HERE to see Sportsmail's MATCH ZONE feature for stats, goals (like Sanchez's - above), heat maps and more. Sanchez takes on young Queens Park Rangers defender Darnell Furlong during the Premier League clash . Former Real Madrid playmaker Mesut Ozil complains to the referee after feeling he was fouled inside the area . Arsenal's Colombian goalkeeper David Ospina makes a good save during the first half at Loftus Road . Arsenal's latest signing Gabriel pulls up with a hamstring injury before being substituted for Laurent Koscielny . Francis Coquelin, who suffered a fractured nose in Arsenal's previous match, controls the ball under pressure from Karl Henry . They may have enjoyed a sunshine break in the Middle East but they returned to London to find the gulf was still as it was, even though Charlie Austin pulled a goal back with a terrific strike on the turn, eight minutes from time. Austin must hope England boss Roy Hodgson had not gone home early. Other than that, QPR were left with nothing to show for a spirited performance and a bold opening. They were the better team during a high-tempo first half-hour, hustling in midfield, and attacking Arsenal’s centre-halves in the air. It was physical at times. Kieran Gibbs was felled by a stray elbow from Bobby Zamora as the pair jostled for a ball in the air, but no foul was given and there was no obvious intent. Gibbs was able to continue. Onuoha was forced off in the first-half and this time Giroud was not the problem but Steven Caulker. The team-mates clashed heads and Onuoha was left with cut near his left eye. Per Mertesacker and Gabriel Paulista coped well with QPR’s initial aerial attack, and goalkeeper David Ospina commanded his area well during this period. Gabriel limped off before half-time with a hamstring strain, and Wenger fears he may be out for three weeks. The French midfielder at full stretch in mid air during the Premier League clash on Wednesday evening . Ozil, voted Arsenal's player of the month for February, holds off the challenge of Nedum Onuoha . Queens Park Rangers' top scorer Austin unleashes a shot from distance during the first half . Arsenal's top scorer for the season Sanchez is tracked by QPR youngster Furlong at Loftus Road . World Cup-winning midfielder Ozil takes a corner during the first half of the Premier League match . QPR went into this game having not won in nine London derbies. They have another chance to stop the rot on Saturday against Spurs. Austin was the only real threat, looking sharp and hungry around the fringes of the penalty box and quick on draw, striking the ball cleanly and forcing saves from Ospina. He went close with a flashing drive from 20 yards, which faded an inch or two wide. Ramsey’s team, however, could not find the goal which might have galvanised them and, as the first half wore on, they faded. Arsenal enjoyed more comfortable possession and Rob Green came under threat for the first time. Green responded with three solid saves to frustrate Giroud and one to deny Santi Cazorla. Wenger’s team came out with more urgency and purpose after the interval. 'It was important to get the ball on the ground, not only fight but fight and play,' said the Arsenal boss. 'In the second half, we did that. We fought and played.' Tomas Rosicky set the tone, tearing past Sandro to deliver a cross from the right which clipped Mesut Ozil on the shin and flew clear. Ozil callled for a penalty and the replays suggested he had a strong case. Karl Henry pull him by the shirt. It went unseen and Henry, having been booked in the first-half, escaped. Just as Arsenal started to wonder if it might be one of those days, Giroud pounced. An overlap and low cross from Gibbs was blocked by Clint Hill and, when it spilled his way, the French centre-forward reacted swiftly to turn it past Green from an acute angle. The second came from the same area. This time, it was Sanchez who, having come to life after the interval, jinked inside from the left, dummied, jinked again and screwed a low shot into the bottom corner. For Sanchez, it was the 19th of his debut season in England and, if Green was annoyed to be beaten at his near-post, he then produced the save of the night, pushing a deflecting low drive from Ozil onto the post. Austin pulled one back, his 15th of the season, but it was the Arsenal fans who filed out into the streets of Shepherd’s Bush singing Giroud’s name, while QPR fans went home fearing their time in the Barclays Premier League might be ticking away. 'We’re in a pressure situation,' said Ramsey. 'We need to start winning to stay in the division.' QPR defender Onuoha attempts to hold back Arsenal forward Giroud during the first half in west London . Onuoha is taken off injured after clashing heads with defensive partner Steven Caulker - Giroud, meanwhile, protests his innocence . Former Barcelona youth team player Hector Bellerin beats his man while attacking down the wing on Wednesday . Arsenal's other full back, Gibbs, is tackled by QPR winger Junior Hoilett during the second half . Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger greets Queens Park Rangers boss Chris Ramsey ahead of kick-off at Loftus Road . | Arsenal's Olivier Giroud opened the scoring shortly after the hour mark at Loftus Road . Chile international Alexis Sanchez then doubled the Gunners' lead shortly afterwards . Charlie Austin pulled one back for Queens Park Rangers late in the second half . Francis Coquelin wore a protective mask during the match after fracturing his nose against Everton . |
Is there a New York Hotel in Salt Lake City | The New York Hotel in Salt Lake City, Utah, at 42 Post Office Pl., was built in 1906. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
It was a work of leading Salt Lake City architect Richard K.A. Kletting.
It is a three-story brick building designed to have shops on the ground floor and 62 hotel rooms above. Some hotel room suites had bathrooms; there were also single rooms served by a bathroom on each floor. It was "completely modern" in 1906, having both steam heat and electric lights.
The building is 49 feet (15 m) tall; the first/second/third floors are 14 feet (4.3 m), 10 feet (3.0 m), and 10.5 feet (3.2 m) tall, respectively.
It was built as a luxury hotel for Orange J. Salisbury, a mining engineer and businessman who obtained patents and started the United Filter Corporation. | The New York Hotel in Salt Lake City, Utah, at 42 Post Office Pl., was built in 1906. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
It was a work of leading Salt Lake City architect Richard K.A. Kletting.
It is a three-story brick building designed to have shops on the ground floor and 62 hotel rooms above. Some hotel room suites had bathrooms; there were also single rooms served by a bathroom on each floor. It was "completely modern" in 1906, having both steam heat and electric lights.
The building is 49 feet (15 m) tall; the first/second/third floors are 14 feet (4.3 m), 10 feet (3.0 m), and 10.5 feet (3.2 m) tall, respectively.
It was built as a luxury hotel for Orange J. Salisbury, a mining engineer and businessman who obtained patents and started the United Filter Corporation. |
Who introduced the concept of the electric field and what is it? | The concept of the electric field was introduced by Michael Faraday. An electric field is created by a charged body in the space that surrounds it, and results in a force exerted on any other charges placed within the field. The electric field acts between two charges in a similar manner to the way that the gravitational field acts between two masses, and like it, extends towards infinity and shows an inverse square relationship with distance. However, there is an important difference. Gravity always acts in attraction, drawing two masses together, while the electric field can result in either attraction or repulsion. Since large bodies such as planets generally carry no net charge, the electric field at a distance is usually zero. Thus gravity is the dominant force at distance in the universe, despite being much weaker.
An electric field generally varies in space and its strength at any one point is defined as the force (per unit charge) that would be felt by a stationary, negligible charge if placed at that point. The conceptual charge, termed a 'test charge', must be vanishingly small to prevent its own electric field disturbing the main field and must also be stationary to prevent the effect of magnetic fields. As the electric field is defined in terms of force, and force is a vector, having both magnitude and direction, so it follows that an electric field is a vector field.
The study of electric fields created by stationary charges is called electrostatics. The field may be visualised by a set of imaginary lines whose direction at any point is the same as that of the field. This concept was introduced by Faraday, whose term 'lines of force' still sometimes sees use. The field lines are the paths that a point positive charge would seek to make as it was forced to move within the field; they are however an imaginary concept with no physical existence, and the field permeates all the intervening space between the lines. Field lines emanating from stationary charges have several key properties: first, that they originate at positive charges and terminate at negative charges; second, that they must enter any good conductor at right angles, and third, that they may never cross nor close in on themselves. | The concept of the electric field was introduced by Michael Faraday. An electric field is created by a charged body in the space that surrounds it, and results in a force exerted on any other charges placed within the field. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Stuart McCall's nearest and dearest knew what his reaction would be in the event of Rangers calling. Drop everything. Now 10 days into the job and confronted by his third and most difficult match, a barrage of advice from those friends and family has landed. Drop everyone. Two dismal draws against relegation candidates Livingston and Alloa, stretching the winless run to five matches, has damned the playing provision at Ibrox now operating under their third manager of a sorry season that McCall was hired to rescue. He has not been short of suggestions aimed at helping him carry out that brief picked up from Kenny McDowall. ‘I’ve got family and a lot of friends who are Rangers supporters and, if it was up to them, they wouldn’t have a team out there because everyone would be dropped,’ said McCall. ‘If you speak to supporters, they are so frustrated and disappointed. Stuart McCall has encountered a tricky start to his spell as Rangers manager . ‘You speak to one fan who wouldn’t have him in, and another who wouldn’t have him in, and so on. Kenny tried all different permutations up front with our five strikers. It’s the same with the backline and the midfield. ‘People have said it to me: “I wouldn’t have him, him or him in the team”. But that would leave us with about two players and I can’t flood the team with youngsters. My job is to get the best formula — a winning formula. We’ve got time to do it and it’s what I’m striving to do.’ The emergency work on a squad ravaged by a confidence slump is required for many reasons and some can be traced back to the recruitment — on bumper contracts — of several top-flight players who have failed to live up to being Rangers players even at a lower level. But McCall believes that a more recent explanation for the disarray in his inheritance, which includes four unfit Newcastle loan men, is that their direct competitors for promotion — and today’s opponents Hibernian — were able to be clever in January. Rangers, meanwhile, were chaotic. Hibs have won their past seven games in all competitions since deadline day, reached the Scottish Cup semi-final and are now unbeaten in 15 matches — a streak of results that stuttering Rangers have at no stage looked capable of stringing together. McCall joked that if his family and friends had their way that everybody would be dropped . McCall noted: ‘The key thing for them was the January transfer window when they managed to keep their best young player, Scott Allan, while we had to sell Lewis Macleod, who was ours. On top of that, they were able to add five players. ‘I remember saying to Alan Stubbs at the time what a great piece of business it was to bring in Keith Watson from Dundee United because he’s a really solid Premiership player. Fraser Fyvie, Tomas Cerny, Franck Dja Djedje and Martin Boyle have really strengthened their squad. ‘While they were doing that, Rangers brought in five players from Newcastle and only one of them has been able to play a part. Alan had a clean sweep of his playing staff last summer. It took them time to gel but right now they have energy and confidence and they are hungry as well. So this will be a big challenge for us.’ McCall dug into the reserve reaches of the squad to promote the impressive 18-year-old Tom Walsh. A dozen years his elder, Dean Shiels completed a game for only the second time this season. As McCall seeks that winning formula, he has a frustrated and often frustrating figure offering to be an intriguing ingredient today on a return to Easter Road. ‘I spoke to Dean before we picked him for the Alloa game,’ said McCall. ‘I don’ t know why he’s only had four starts this season. Obviously, there are reasons and Dean will be a big part of that. But he did well the other night for a rare 90 minutes. ‘Everyone is in the same boat — when you get an opportunity, you have to grab it. You’ve got to show that you want to be out there, in training and games. New boss McCall takes charge of a Rangers training session . ‘I know there are players here who want to be in my team. It’s OK being willing and wanting to do it. But there’s a big difference between that and actually producing. ‘Next season, Rangers need young, hungry players. Of course, you need to balance it with experience. But I’d like to have energy and vibrance in the team next season.’ Darren McGregor, having met the appearance stipulations on his contract, will be back for another season. He can bid to be as energetic and vibrant as McCall wishes but it is defensive fortitude that the boyhood Hibernian supporter will be determined to bring today to a Rangers team that have lost their past three to the capital club. The 29-year-old has filled in at right-back — rather than his favoured centre-half slot — too often this season but refuses to blame that adjustment for personal form that he admits has fallen below standard. ‘I’ve been disappointed with how I’ve played,’ conceded McGregor. ‘I need to take accountability as a defender. Rangers have limped to unconvincing draws against Livingston and Alloa under McCall . ‘We’ve conceded too many goals. I’ve played the majority of our games, so I need to say that I could have done better in certain aspects. ‘Everyone knows that I’m not a natural right-back. But I’d rather play in that position than be in the stand. ‘To be fair to the previous manager and this manager, their hands have been forced a bit of the time because of injuries. ‘But I can’t keep going over old ground. The nine games coming up are the most important of the season. I’m looking at this period as a sort of mini-league in itself. ‘It will be time for reflection, finger-pointing and talking about where it went wrong in the summer. But we have to be positive and think that, as long as we get up, in years to come that will be forgotten about. ‘I want my first season at Rangers to be capped with promotion. I don’t want it to be a failure, which it currently is. ‘To come back next season as a Premiership player would be special. We all know what the fans expect and the prestige of playing for this club. We’ve fallen short of that this year but, if we can get up, it will put some light on an otherwise dark season.’ | Stuart McCall has endured a tricky start to spell as Rangers manager . Rangers have limped to draws against Livingston and Alloa . McCall joked that everybody would be dropped if his friends had their way . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Ahead of this weekend's FA Cup action, Sportsmail will be providing you with all you need to know about every fixture, with team news, provisional squads, betting odds and Opta stats. Here is all the information you need for Aston Villa's home quarter-final clash with West Brom... Aston Villa vs West Bromwich Albion (Villa Park) Team news . Aston Villa . Captain Ron Vlaar could return for Aston Villa's FA Cup quarter-final with West Brom as he battles a calf injury. Alan Hutton is suspended after collecting his 10th booking of the season in the 2-1 Barclays Premier League win over the Baggies on Tuesday. Ron Vlaar is set to return after missing Aston Villa's last two matches with a calf injuy . Philippe Senderos has suffered a set-back in his recovery from a calf injury and is sidelined while Kieran Richardson, Aly Cissokho, Nathan Baker and Libor Kozak are out. Provisional squad: Given, Guzan, Lowton, Clark, Vlaar, Okore, Bacuna, Sanchez, Cleverley, Cole, Westwood, Delph, Gil, Sinclair, Grealish, Benteke, Weimann, Agbonlahor. West Brom . West Brom will be without injured forward Victor Anichebe (groin) and cup-tied midfielder Darren Fletcher for Saturday's FA Cup quarter-final at Aston Villa. Albion boss Tony Pulis has said he has a few 'knocks and niggles' in his squad to assess. Winger Callum McManaman (foot) is a doubt, while frontmen Saido Berahino and Brown Ideye have both been playing recently with pain-killing injections. Darren Fletcher played in West Brom's 2-1 defeat at Aston Villa in the Barclays Premier League on Tuesday but cannot feature in the FA Cup clash as the midfielder is cup tied . Pulis also said the club 'have to go careful' with Stephane Sessegnon, with the forward understood to have suffered a family bereavement, and it remains to be seen whether goalkeeper Ben Foster keeps his place after his costly late error in the 2-1 Barclays Premier League loss at Villa Park on Tuesday. Provisional squad: Foster, Myhill, Pocognoli, Wisdom, Lescott, Baird, Dawson, Olsson, McAuley, McManaman, Gamboa, Morrison, Yacob, Mulumbu, Brunt, Gardner, Sessegnon, Berahino, Ideye. Kick-off: Saturday, 5.30pm - BBC One . Odds (subject to change): . Aston Villa 17/10 . Draw 21/10 . West Brom 19/10 . Referee: Neil Swarbrick . Managers: Tim Sherwood (Aston Villa), Tony Pulis (West Brom) Head-to-head FA Cup record: Aston Villa wins 9, draws 3, West Brom wins 3 . Key match stats (supplied by Opta) Aston Villa have won nine of their last 10 home FA Cup matches (L1). West Brom have won only five of their last 19 FA Cup matches against teams from the top two tiers of English football (W5 D7 L7). Saido Berahino has five goals and four assists in three FA Cup appearances this season. Victor Anichebe has scored four goals in his last three starts in the FA Cup. Villa and West Brom have been drawn together 12 times in the FA Cup. The Baggies have won three, twice after a replay. Villa have won nine times, once after a replay. Dwight Yorke quickly struck twice past West Brom keeper Alan Miller just after the hour mark to help Aston Villa towards a 4-0 win against the Baggies at Villa Park in a fourth round FA Cup clash in 1998 . Aston Villa and West Bromwich Albion have met in three FA Cup finals; 1887, 1892 and 1895, the Villans winning two and West Brom the middle one. In 18 Premier League meetings between these two teams, eight have been draws and the 10 wins have all been by a single goal margin (seven for Villa, three for WBA). Four of the seven goals in Aston Villa’s three FA Cup ties this year have been netted in the 88th minute or later. Aston Villa have kept just one clean sheet in their last 19 FA Cup matches. | Aston Villa captain Ron Vlaar could return to face West Bromwich Albion . Alan Hutton suspended after picking up tenth booking of the season . West Brom are without Victor Anichebe and cup tied Darren Fletcher . FA Cup quarter-final clash to kick off at Villa Park on Saturday at 5.30pm . |
Based on the text below, please summarise in a few lines | Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on a field at the centre of which is a 22-yard (20-metre) pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two bails balanced on three stumps. The batting side scores runs by striking the ball bowled at one of the wickets with the bat and then running between the wickets, while the bowling and fielding side tries to prevent this (by preventing the ball from leaving the field, and getting the ball to either wicket) and dismiss each batter (so they are "out"). Means of dismissal include being bowled, when the ball hits the stumps and dislodges the bails, and by the fielding side either catching the ball after it is hit by the bat, but before it hits the ground, or hitting a wicket with the ball before a batter can cross the crease in front of the wicket. When ten batters have been dismissed, the innings ends and the teams swap roles. The game is adjudicated by two umpires, aided by a third umpire and match referee in international matches. They communicate with two off-field scorers who record the match's statistical information.
Forms of cricket range from Twenty20, with each team batting for a single innings of 20 overs (each "over" being a set of 6 fair opportunities for the batting team to score) and the game generally lasting three hours, to Test matches played over five days. Traditionally cricketers play in all-white kit, but in limited overs cricket they wear club or team colours. In addition to the basic kit, some players wear protective gear to prevent injury caused by the ball, which is a hard, solid spheroid made of compressed leather with a slightly raised sewn seam enclosing a cork core layered with tightly wound string. | Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams with eleven players each. The game is played in a field with a pitch at the center with wickets at either end. There is a batting team and a bowling team. The game is adjudicated by two on-field umpires, a third umpire, and a referee. There are various forms of the game, starting from Twenty20, which generally lasts up to 3 hours to test cricket, played over 5 days. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Who says cats hate water? Jaguar this week launched its new, second-generation XF compact sports saloon with a high-wire drive over water on cables just an inch thick. In a stunt worthy of the latest Bond film Spectre — for which the firm is supplying many of the cars — the XF was revealed in a dramatic stunt in the heart of London's Docklands. High over the Royal Dock in Canary Wharf, stuntman Jim Dowdell — a veteran of the Bond, Bourne and Indiana Jones films — drove the car 240 metres across wires to demonstrate the car's lightweight aluminium construction and agility. Don't look down! Jaguar's new XF seen crossing London's Royal Dock by high wire this week . Excitement aside, Jaguar's XF sport saloon promises 'business class' levels of comfort and refinement with a new generation of frugal engines. It's being built at Jaguar Land Rover's Castle Bromwich factory in Birmingham alongside the allaluminium F-Type sports car and top-of-the-range XJ limousine. Its official global debut is at the New York motor show on April 1 before going on sale in the autumn from £30,000 to £80,000. Jaguar's XF sport saloon (pictured) promises 'business class' levels of comfort and refinement with a new generation of frugal engines . The new version is 80kg lighter than its closest competitor. This helps it return more than 70 mpg with CO2 emissions of 104g/km. Engines include 163bhp and 180bhp 2-litre Ingenium diesels linked to six-speed manual and eight-speed automatic gearboxes. The manual 163bhp diesel is 'the lightest, most efficient non-hybrid diesel model in its market segment,' says Jaguar. All other engines are eightspeed automatics. There is also a powerful 3-litre 300bhp V6 twinturbo diesel and a 3-litre 380 bhp V6 supercharged petrol engine. The proportions have also been tweaked. While 7mm shorter and 3mm lower than its predecessor, its wheelbase is 51mm longer, meaning more back seat space, legroom and headroom. Jaguar is investing £600 million in its manufacturing capacity in Britain, £400million at its Castle Bromwich plant. Great to see Britain's former 'Motown' — Coventry, once the capital of our motor industry — getting some bumper good news this week. The city that for decades has built the iconic London taxi is to gain a new factory, costing £250million, creating up to 1,000 jobs and building up to 36,000 vehicles a year. Chinese motor giant Geely , which bought the UK firm outright two years ago after holding a stake since 2006, said the state-of the-art research, development and assembly plant for the London Taxi Company will be built in the city of Lady Godiva (and Peeping Tom). It is a tenfold increase on the company's site, which has been home to London taxis for 70 years and heralds the introduction of the next generation electric and ultralow emission London black cab. Coventry's links with China go back a long way after it had the foresight in the early Eighties to twin itself with the Chinese city of Jinan in Shandong province. What the two cities had in common was silk: Jinan is at the end of the Silk Road and Coventry — before the rise of the motor industry — was a centre for the finest silk-working. The Chinese think long-term and have an important concept called guanxi — or social connections — which help smooth business. Coventry was early to establish these vital connections. Looks like it's paying off. April should put a spring in the step of outdoor touring types as order books open for the new generation of Audi's epic seven-seat luxury sport utility vehicle the Q7. But you'll have to wait until August for first deliveries. In April order books open for the new generation of Audi's epic seven-seat luxury sport utility vehicle the Q7 (pictured) Priced from £50,340 to £53,835, it will be available at launch with a 272 bhp V6 TDI engine. A 218bhp 3.0 TDI Quattro is expected to follow in late summer 2015. And finally ... what possible future could there be for a loud, middle-aged, overweight, motormouth petrolhead who's originally from 'up North', is always behind the wheel of some fancy car or other, divides opinion, drives everyone nuts and is not even that funny? Wonder if I should apply for that vacant Top Gear slot now that whatsisname's gone and got the sack? | The stunt was worthy of the latest James Bond film, Spectre . The car was driven 240 metres above the Royal Dock in Canary Wharf . Jaguar's new saloon promises 'business class' levels of comfort . Its official global debut is at the New York motor show on April 1 . |
Which temple was the first female holocaust survivor ordained as a rabbi? | Helga Newmark, née Helga Hoflich, (1932–2012) was the first female Holocaust survivor ordained as a rabbi.
She was born in Germany, and was sent to the concentration camps of Westerbork, Bergen-Belsen, and Terezin (known in German as Theresienstadt) in Czechoslovakia. She was freed at the age of twelve, and immigrated to America at the age of sixteen. When she had her first child, a daughter, she began to wonder how she would answer her daughter's questions about God. After considering several religions, she joined a [Conservative ] synagogue, Temple Emanuel in [Ridgefield Park, New Jersey] There she learned so much from the rabbi and his wife that she eventually became principal of the synagogue.
She was accepted to the Reform movement's Hebrew Union College - Jewish Institute of Religion on her second attempt, and was ordained in 2000 after eight years of study. She served as a rabbi at Barnert Temple in Franklin Lakes, New Jersey, for two years. | Temple Emanuel in Ridgefield Park, NJ |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Newcastle will be forced to use Daryl Janmaat as an emergency centre-back in their next three matches despite the Holland international admitting – ‘I’ve never played there in my life’. The Magpies have left themselves desperately short of defensive cover and, with Steven Taylor and Paul Dummett sidelined because of injury until the summer and skipper Fabricio Coloccini suspended, only Mike Williamson remains as a recognised central defender. Newcastle - who sold defenders Mapou Yanga-Mbiwa and Davide Santon in the January window - failed in their bid to overturn Coloccini’s red card from Sunday’s 3-0 defeat at Everton. Daryl Janmaat is set for a spell at centre back following the FA's decision to reject Fabricio Coloccini's appeal . The Argentine was dismissed following a lunge on Aaron Lennon and will now serve a three-game ban. That rules him out of the Tyne-Wear derby at Sunderland on Easter Sunday, as well as testing fixtures with Arsenal and Liverpool. It means right-back Janmaat is set to partner Williamson, but the 25-year-old said: ‘If the team needs me there, I am confident I can do well there, even though I have not played as a central defender in the whole of my career. The Newcastle captain (left) was sent off for a dangerous tackle on Aaron Lennon on Sunday . ‘I will play in the middle of the defence if I am asked to do so, although it is not really my position. ‘It is not really as though I have ambitions to stay there, but we all know what the situation is at the moment and if I have to play there, I will. ‘The second half at Everton was the first time I have played there so it is not something I know all that well.’ The Dutch international has been one of Newcastle's most consistent performers so far this season . | Daryl Janmaat set to play at centre back in place of Fabricio Coloccini . The Dutch international admits he's never played there before . Newcastle face Sunderland on April 5 in game which will test Janmaat . READ: Coloccini set to miss the next three games after appeal was rejected . Click here for all the latest Newcastle United news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)The U.S. Navy doesn't just do stuff "for fun," says the command master chief of the aircraft carrier USS Ronald Reagan, but what 30% of the ship's crew will be up to over the next year or so can at least be termed pretty cool. And it will certainly be unprecedented. Some 1,200 of the Reagan's crew will be executing what the Navy calls a three-hull swap, serving aboard three different carriers in one tour of duty as the service juggles assets to meet mission requirements. The 1,200 are calling themselves "The Three Presidents Crew," as they will serve aboard three of the Navy's carriers named after presidents: the Reagan, the USS George Washington and the USS Theodore Roosevelt. The crew will even have its own insignia and hull number, CVN 220, the sum of the hull numbers of the Reagan (CVN 76), the Roosevelt (CVN 71) and the Washington (CVN 73). Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class David Frederick aboard the Reagan came up with the logo. "I am honored that my art will be a part of the legacy of this 'Three Presidents' crew, and I hope that it will bring attention to the hard work of all the Sailors who are involved in this crew swap," he said. The swap will begin this summer. The George Washington will go from its home port in Japan to San Diego, where a crew swap with the Reagan will take place. While the George Washington crew takes the Reagan to replace the Washington in Japan, the Three Presidents crew will board the George Washington, which will be headed for Norfolk, Virginia, and an overhaul. The 1,200 will sail with the Washington around South America, then they will fly back to San Diego to crew the Roosevelt, which is taking the Reagan's current spot there. "Think of how difficult a three-hull carrier swap would be to carry out," Capt. Chris Bolt, the commander of the Reagan, said in the ship's publication, The 76er. "It's never been done before." "We are just moving assets around so we can continue to meet mission requirements. That's exactly what this is all about. It's not because the Navy said, 'Let's do this for fun,' " Spike Call, command master chief of the Reagan, said in The 76er. Seven of the Navy's 10 active aircraft carriers are named after presidents. As one commenter on the Reagan's Facebook page said, maybe next time, the Navy could add a fourth carrier to the hull swap and come up with ... the USS Mount Rushmore. Hmmm, the Navy does have the USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN 72), but there is no carrier for Jefferson. So say we sub in the Reagan and come up with CVN 292. Apologies to the USS Rushmore (LSD 47). | 1,200 sailors to go through a three-hull swap, serving aboard three different carriers in one tour of duty . Crew members will serve on three carriers named after presidents . The swap will take them from Japan, around South America to Virginia, and then back west to San Diego . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Christophe Berra dedicated his third Scotland goal to Dave Mackay – the day after the Hearts and Tottenham legend was laid to rest. Berra came through the ranks at Tynecastle where the legendary midfielder ruled supreme in the late 1950s. Hampden paid tribute to Mackay with a minute's applause before Wednesday night's game with Northern Ireland - and Ipswich defender Berra, who replaced Russell Martin at the break, ensured the night also had a fitting ending by heading home a winner with five minutes remaining. Christophe Berra gets above his marker to head the ball into the corner for a late winner for Scotland . Berra celebrates his late goal, which was one of the few memorable moments in a game lacking intensity . The Ipswich Town centre back celebrates with his team-mates after securing the win five minutes from time . 'I met him a couple of times when I was at Hearts,' Berra recalled of Mackay. 'He was a confident person. I think it was the way he played, he wasn't shy and had a great career with Scotland, Hearts and Spurs. 'A great deal of respect has been shown to him in football, especially British football. 'So I'm especially pleased I scored tonight. He was strong and could bully people and was a player people could relate to. He had a great career and that minute's applause was great for him and his family. 'It was good to get a goal. That was my first Scotland appearance in a long time and it meant a lot to get 45 minutes. To also score a goal was even better. 'I'd almost scored from a corner five minutes before the goal when I had a header at the front post. I maybe should have done better. 'I said to Matt (Ritchie) to hang it up a bit and it was there to go and attack. I stuck my head on it and thankfully it went into the back of the net. The teams observed a minute's applause for the late Dave McKay before the game at Hampden Park . 'It's my third goal for Scotland and my sixth of the season. As a defender, it' s good to add goals to my name.' Despite heading his second career goal against Northern Ireland, Berra believes he will return to the bench when Gibraltar come calling on Sunday. 'Obviously I am down the pecking order,' he added. 'I just have to be patient and play well for my club and hopefully my international chance will come again.' Until Berra's late intervention, it was a night of missed opportunities in more ways than one. Steven Fletcher, without an international goal since his one and only strike against Iceland almost six years ago, saw a couple of decent chances come and go. Had the occasion been anything other than a friendly, he would have been beating himself up about it. But perhaps the prospect of what should be a turkey shoot against Gibraltar on Sunday allowed him a degree of comfort. 'I'm looking to get back on the score sheet as soon as possible,' he said. 'It' s been a while. For me, tonight was just about getting some minutes under my belt. 'I've not played too much this year so it feels good to get back out there. It doesn't prey on my mind. If I wasn't getting chances, I'd be complaining but I' m getting them so I just need to start taking them.' Crowds clap whilst the Hearse carrying the coffin of Dave Mackay leaves Tyncastle Stadium for his funeral . Asked if becoming the first Scotland player since Colin Stein to net a hat-trick come the weekend was an added incentive, Fletcher quipped: 'I need to get a goal just now never mind a hat-trick. Listen, if we get the opportunities hopefully we can take them. 'If that means one of us getting a few then great. First and foremost, we just want to get the goals that give us a win and push up the table.' So much for two Celtic nations nipping the life out of each other as they sought a miniscule psychological edge to take into their remaining Euro qualifiers. Friendly was what it said on the ticket and, by heavens that is what we got. At the conclusion of a remarkably featureless and benign game it was tempting to ask if much had been gained from it. But, despite the lack of goals, Fletcher believed it was the perfect work-out ahead of Gibraltar on Sunday. Scotland captain Darren Fletcher issues instructions from his position in front of the back four . 'It was good preparation,' he insisted. 'A few of the boys like myself having been playing too much football so it was good to get a few minutes. 'It's another win which keeps the momentum going. There's another big game on Sunday which we are all looking forward to. 'If we'd got an earlier goal, it would have been a bit more comfortable but at least we got one. It's good. 'We could have been ahead earlier. We'd a few chances in the first half – I'd a few myself. 'I'm going to blame the goalie for the one I missed and not myself. In fairness, he pulled off a few good saves although it was frustrating we never got the goal before we did. But the win keeps us going for the weekend. 'Both teams obviously had one eye on the games that really matter at the weekend. You could see that with the changes that were made. 'Both managers wanted to keep everyone's legs fresh. Both nations have got two big games coming up.' Fletcher attempted to temper the expectation that Sunday's game will be a total formality. 'We're not going in there thinking we're going to run them into the ground,' he insisted. 'We just want to put on a performance that the gaffer sets us out to do and if we do that hopefully we can get the win. 'Goal difference doesn't matter against them but it will matter in terms of confidence. We've got a massive game against Ireland in the summer so if we can get a win and a few goals it will be happy days.' | Christophe Berra headed home against Northern Ireland in the 85th minute . Berra's goal proved to the be the winner as Scotland prevailed 1-0 . Berra dedicated his third Scotland goal to Dave Mackay . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | After a dramatic year filled with arrests, court appearances and suspensions, Hope Solo is doing her best to win back the respect of the U.S. Women's National Soccer Team. The two-time Olympic gold-medalist goalie has started a new blog, and in her first post details how she has recommitted herself to soccer. In January, the 33-year-old was put on suspension after her husband, former football player Jerramy Stevens, was arrested for DUI while driving a Team USA van. Scroll down for video . Seeking help: Hope Solo says she has been seeing a therapist to deal with her 'pain and anger' issues. The two-time Olympic gold-medalist is now back playing goalie for the U.S. Women's National Soccer Team after a 30-day suspensions . Under the influence? Solo was suspended from Team USA in January after her husband, former football player Jerramy Stevens (pictured), was arrested for DUI while driving one of her team's vans . During her 30 days off the team, Solo says she addressed her mental health with a therapist and Eastern medicine. All of these personal issues were detailed in an email Solo sent to her teammates before their recent match in Portugal, which she details in the blog post. 'I let them know what I had been doing in the time I’d been away. I told them that for the first time in my life, I’d been seeing a therapist and dealing with a lot of my issues, and finally addressing all the pain and anger that was inside of me. 'Twice a week, I also worked with an Eastern medicine healer in Seattle who had incredible experience helping some of the greatest athletes perform at the highest levels. He really helped me see things in a different light. 'I wanted them to know that I hadn’t just taken 30 days off. Ultimately, I wanted to be a better person and teammate, and that’s what I’d been focused on,' Solo wrote. Solo also apologized to her teammates for her behavior at summer camp, when she was distracted by a court case involving her family. Last June, Solo was arrested after her half-sister and nephew accused her of attacking them in a domestic spat. Year of troubles: Solo was also arrested last year after her half-sister and nephew accused her of attacking them in a domestic dispute. Those charges were later dropped. Solo pictured above in court for those proceedings in November . Solo was charged with assault, but those charges were later dropped. Solo has claimed she was the victim in the altercation, and was just trying to protect herself from her 6-foot-9 nephew. 'I’d been trying to focus while I was on the field, but I’d been a mess emotionally and mentally, and spent most nights crying with my roommate away from the team,' Solo said of her time at camp. Solo finished out the blog post by expressing her optimism that Team USA will defend their title at this summer's World Cup. In addition to playing for Team USA, Solo also plays for the Seattle Reign soccer team. Bonding with her teammates: On her new blog, Solo talked about her return to the team and a recent match in Portugal where she and other teammates went pottery shopping (Solo pictured second right) Refocused on soccer: Above, Solo with some of the other Team USA players in Portugal for the 2015 Algarve Cup. Solo pictured top row, second left . | The two-time Olympic gold-medalist recently returned to the U.S. Women's National Soccer Team after a 30-day suspension . The goalie was put on suspension after her husband, former football player Jerramy Stevens, was arrested for DUI while driving a team van . During her time off, Solo says she saw a therapist and an Eastern medicine healer . Solo was also arrested last year after her relatives accused her of beating them up in a domestic dispite; those charges were later dropped . |
In what way did Étienne Halphen interests lead to him discovering the harmonic distribution? | In probability theory and statistics, the harmonic distribution is a continuous probability distribution. It was discovered by Étienne Halphen, who had become interested in the statistical modeling of natural events. His practical experience in data analysis motivated him to pioneer a new system of distributions that provided sufficient flexibility to fit a large variety of data sets. Halphen restricted his search to distributions whose parameters could be estimated using simple statistical approaches. | He had become interested in the statistical modeling of natural events. This motivated him to find a system that provided sufficient flexibility to fit a large variety of data sets. |
Extract all of the names of people mentioned in this paragraph and list them using bullets in the format {Name} | Kevin Stanley Rohleder (7 April 1920 – 14 August 1983) was an Australian rules footballer who had played with St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL). His brother, Noel Rohleder, played one game for South Melbourne. The son of Veronica Harriet Stanley (1899–1970), Kevin Stanley was born at Carlton, Victoria on 7 April 1920. He later took the surname Rohleder after his mother married Walter John Rohleder (1897–1982) in 1923. | • Kevin Stanley Rohleder
• Noel Rohleder
• Veronica Harriet Stanley
• Walter John Rohleder |
Given the following paragraph on cell structure, what is an example of membrane proteins? | Every cell is enclosed within a cell membrane that separates its cytoplasm from the extracellular space. A cell membrane consists of a lipid bilayer, including cholesterols that sit between phospholipids to maintain their fluidity at various temperatures. Cell membranes are semipermeable, allowing small molecules such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water to pass through while restricting the movement of larger molecules and charged particles such as ions. Cell membranes also contains membrane proteins, including integral membrane proteins that go across the membrane serving as membrane transporters, and peripheral proteins that loosely attach to the outer side of the cell membrane, acting as enzymes shaping the cell. Cell membranes are involved in various cellular processes such as cell adhesion, storing electrical energy, and cell signalling and serve as the attachment surface for several extracellular structures such as a cell wall, glycocalyx, and cytoskeleton. | One example of membrane proteins are integral membrane proteins which go across the membrane and serve as membrane transporters. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | When Nina Langley experienced excruciating pain seven-and-a-half months into her pregnancy, she assumed she was going into labour early. The 32-year-old went to A&E, prepared to give birth to her baby son, Teddy. Instead, she was given the devastating news that the pain was being caused by bowel cancer that had spread to her liver. A year ago she had also been diagnosed with Irritable Bowel Syndrome, a disease which sometimes has similar symptoms to bowel cancer. Scroll down for video . Nina Langley, 32, was rushed for an emergency Caesarean section at seven-and-a-half months pregnant, after doctors discovered she had cancer. She is pictured with son Teddy . Miss Langley began suffering unbearable pain and believed she was going into labour early, but when she went into hospital tests revealed she had bowel cancer that had spread to her liver . Miss Langley's fiancé, Ed Cusick, who had proposed five months ago, said hearing Nina had cancer was the worst moment of his life . Then, throughout her pregnancy she had suffered rib and shoulder pain, but doctors reassured her this was probably being caused by the strain of carrying a baby. Miss Langley was rushed for an emergency Caesarean to deliver her son Teddy six weeks early so she could start life-saving treatment. Now she is set to start chemotherapy once her body has recovered from the operation. Her fiancé, Ed Cusick, who proposed five months ago, has been left heartbroken by her diagnosis. Mr Cusick, 38, a musician, said: 'Nina is my whole world and I'm completely devastated that she has been diagnosed with cancer. 'We were so excited about becoming parents but Nina's shocking diagnosis has overshadowed our happiness.' Miss Langley, a graphic designer from Buckingham, had consulted doctors about the rib and shoulder pain she was suffering, but had been reassured it was pregnancy-related. Then on February 8th, the pain became so unbearable she began to worry she might be going into labour and so went to A&E. As Teddy was born six weeks prematurely, he was kept in hospital so doctors could monitor his growing . Mr Cusick is terrified his fiancé will not live to see her new son grow up, and has began researching specialist cancer treatments online and fundraising to pay for them . Mr Cusick said: 'The thought of meeting our new baby filled us with months of excitement but suddenly the experience turned into a living nightmare. 'I never expected it be to cancer, I wouldn't wish this pain on anyone. 'But I need to stay strong for Nina and I decided to put a status on Facebook as a cry for help and that led to me setting up a fundraising page to help with the costs of life-saving specialist treatments that aren't available on the NHS.' Doctors believed Miss Langley might have an infection in her liver, but a biopsy confirmed she had primary bowel cancer that had spread to the organ. She was sent for an emergency Caesarean on February 17 to deliver her son Teddy, who was born prematurely, weighing 5lbs 13oz. Mr Cusick said being told of the diagnosis was the worst moment of his life. He said: 'It was a moment of complete dread and fear when we first heard the word cancer. 'Nina was a lot braver than me at first, I just can't imagine losing her as she's my whole life along with Teddy.' The news was all the more devastating given that Miss Langley's own father had passed away from cancer in October. Now, Miss Langley is due to start chemotherapy next week, after her body has healed from the emergency Caesarean. The couple have decided not to ask doctors what Miss Langley's prognosis is, in order to remain positive. Mr Cusick said: 'We haven't asked about what the future holds for Nina, we just need to stay positive as possible. Mr Cusick has been left heartbroken by the news Nina has cancer. He said: 'I just can't imagine losing her as she's my whole life along with Teddy' A year ago, Miss Langley was diagnosed with Irritable Bowel Syndrome, a disease which has many of the same symptoms as bowel cancer. She is pictured with her fiancé on holiday last year . 'It's a petrifying worry for Nina that she won't see our Teddy grow up but with the help of specialist treatments and those provided on the NHS we aim to throw everything we've got at this cancer so we can stay together as a family.' After Miss Langley was incorrectly diagnosed with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), Mr Cusick hopes her story will be a warning to others with similar symptoms to seek help. She was suffering stomach cramps and going to the toilet more often than usual, which doctors said was due to IBS. But because she was so young, no further tests were carried out. Mr Cusick said: 'I hope other people read Nina's story and seek a second opinion if they feel they have worrying symptoms.' The couple were allowed home on February 22, two weeks after first going to A&E with possible labour pains. 'She is my soul mate, I can't believe this has happened,' Mr Cusick said of the cancer diagnosis . As Teddy was born prematurely, he was kept in hospital and fed via a tube, so doctors could monitor his growing, . The finally was finally reunited when he came home three days ago. Mr Cusick said: 'Teddy coming home has really lifted Nina's spirits, I haven't hardly slept since he has been home but it's amazing that we are finally all together. 'We are supposed to be excited new parents but this joy has been masked by the fear of Nina's diagnosis. 'Nina watched her dad die from brain cancer in October and having Teddy this year the light at the end of the tunnel, it's just so cruel and unfair that Nina has been diagnosed with cancer as she is one of the nicest people you'll ever meet. 'I proposed to her five months ago, she is my soul mate, I just can't believe this has happened to us.' Desperate not to lose his fiancé, he has began researching specialist treatments online, many only available abroad, which he hopes may prolong her life. He has even begun fundraising money to pay for treatment, if doctors agree they could help beat Miss Langley's cancer. He said supportive friends and family have rallied round the couple, pledging thousands of pounds towards the treatments and organising a fundraising events for Miss Langley's cancer fight. Mr Cusick said: 'The support we have received has been fantastic, every little helps and I want Nina to receive the best possible treatment available so if we need to go half way across the world to get it we will.' 'One of the specialist treatments we are considering is called Nano Knife which targets tumours faster alongside her chemotherapy, we just need to hit her cancer with everything possible. 'Losing Nina is not an option, I would devote to my whole life to ensure she beat this.' To donate, visit Miss Langley's fundraising website. Three three main symptoms of bowel cancer are blood in the stools, abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits such as looser, more frequent stools . The three main symptoms of bowel cancer are blood in the stools, changes in bowel habit (such as to more frequent, looser stools) and abdominal (tummy) pain. However, these symptoms are very common and most people with them do not have bowel cancer. For example, blood in the stools is more often caused by haemorrhoids (piles), and a change in bowel habit or abdominal pain is usually due to something you have eaten. As almost nine out of 10 people with bowel cancer are over 60 years old, these symptoms are more important as people get older. They are also more significant when they persist despite simple treatments. Most people who are eventually diagnosed with bowel cancer have one of the following symptom combinations: . The symptoms of bowel cancer can be subtle and don’t necessarily make you feel ill. The symptoms of bowel cancer can be subtle and don’t necessarily make you feel ill. Source: NHS Choices . | Nina Langley experienced agonising pain when almost 8 months pregnant . Had suffered rib and shoulder pain but doctors said it was due to the baby . This time, pain was so unbearable she believed she was going into labour . Was diagnosed with bowel cancer that had already spread to her liver . Had an emergency Caesarean and gave birth to son Teddy six weeks early . Is now about to start chemotherapy in an effort to beat the disease . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Formula One breathed a sigh of relief in the sunny early Saturday morning at Melbourne when Sauber's former Dutch driver Giedo van der Garde abandoned his legal action against the team. He had been suing them for dropping him despite having a contract to race for them this season, starting with Sunday's Australian Grand Prix. Courts in Melbourne found in his favour, saying he had a right to drive. However, he has not got a super-licence, so could not. Giedo van der Garde has decided to drop his case against former side Sauber after settling out of court . Marcus Ericsson (left) and Felipe Nasr (right) will race for Sauber in the absence of Van der Garde . This brought about an impasse: Sauber would be in contempt of court if they left him out. But they could not put him in according to the FIA rules. Heads we knocked together over Friday night and Van der Garde settled out of court. Van der Garde wrote on Facebook: 'With respect to the interest of motorsport, and F1 in particular, I have decided to give up my legal rights to race this weekend at the Melbourne Grand Prix. 'As I am a passionate race driver this decision has been very difficult for me. 'However I also wish to respect the interest of the FIA, Sauber Motorsport, as well as Nasr and Ericsson.' Crucially, Van der Garde has made clear further negotiations need to take place, however, before the matter can finally be closed. The 29-year-old added: 'My management will continue talks with Sauber early next week to find a mutually acceptable solution for the current situation that has now arisen. 'I am confident such solution will be found and I will inform the media once done.' Van der Garde dropped the case against Sauber out of respect to 'motorsport, and F1 in particular' Marcus Ericssson and Felipe Nasr will race for them in his place. Both were named on Sauber's race entry and took part in second practice on Friday, having sat out of the first session while the lawyers argued. With three valid driver contracts and only two race seats available, Sauber and Kaltenborn had found themselves mired in controversy. Given Sauber's financial struggles last year, when approached by two drivers in Ericsson and Nasr who could offer considerable sums of money in sponsorship, both the Swede and Brazilian were signed. But with Van der Garde on contract, and despite also having paid up front - albeit a figure less than that of Ericsson and Nasr - the battle became legal. It remains to be seen what 'mutually acceptable solution' can now be ironed out between the two parties. Whatever the outcome, under-pressure team principal Monisha Kaltenborn, a trained lawyer, has emerged from the sorry mess in a poor light. Sauber team principal Monisha Kaltenborn insists she will not resign from her role despite the recent saga . At the circuit on Friday, while unable to talk about the case as it remained ongoing, she did insist however she remained competent to carry on with her role as team boss. 'I don't see it (the case) having any effect,' Kaltenborn said. 'We have a very clear view of what we did. We took action after thinking about it for a while. 'For us that was very clear, but the outcome is different.' Pressed on whether she had considered resigning, Kaltenborn added: 'I've not considered that. 'This whole matter does not have any effect on the way we work, the way the team works.' Kaltenborn did concede, however, the past week had damaged morale given the team's name had been dragged through the courts. 'It's had a very negative impact on the team because the situation was, for a while, unclear,' she added. 'We now have certain actions taken against the team, and we are acting accordingly.' | Giedo van der Garde was planning to sue former side Sauber . Sauber dropped Van der Garde despite having contract to race . The Dutchman and Sauber have decided to settle out of court . Under-fire team principal Monisha Kaltenborn insists she will not resign . |
Without quoting directly from the text give me a summary of the different types of motorcycles. | The six main types of motorcycles are generally recognized as standard, cruiser, touring, sports, off-road, and dual-purpose. Sport touring is sometimes recognized as a seventh category or integrated with the touring category.
Although there are many names and systems for classifying types of motorcycles based on their characteristics and usage, there are generally six categories recognized by most motorcycle manufacturers and organizations.
Strong distinctions are usually made between the six main types of motorcycles and other motorcycles. Scooter, moped, underbone, miniature, pocket, electric, and three-wheeled motorcycles are generally excluded from the main categories but other classification schemes may include these as types of motorcycles.
There is no universal system for classifying all types of motorcycles. There are strict classification systems enforced by competitive motorcycle sport sanctioning bodies, or legal definitions of a motorcycle established by certain legal jurisdictions for motorcycle registration, emissions, road traffic safety rules or motorcyclist licensing. There are also informal classifications or nicknames used by manufacturers, riders, and the motorcycling media. Some experts do not recognize sub-types, like naked bike, that "purport to be classified" outside the six usual classes, because they fit within one of the main types and are recognizable only by cosmetic changes.
Street motorcycles are motorcycles designed for being ridden on paved roads. They have smooth tires with tread patterns and engines generally in the 125 cc (7.6 cu in) and over range. Typically, street motorcycles are capable of speeds up to 100 mph (160 km/h), and many of speeds in excess of 125 mph (201 km/h). Street motorcycles powered by electric motors are becoming more common, with firms like Harley-Davidson entering the market. | Motorcycles are 2 wheeled vehicles powered by an internal combustion engine generally made for a single rider. Although there are many styles of motorcycles, they are loosely organized into 6 main categories. These categories most closely align to the intended use of the vehicle. There is your standard motorcycle, your more relaxed cruising motorcycle, the larger capacity and longer haul touring cycle, a racing more sportier sports cycle and then you have a off-road motorcycle often known as a dirtbike and lastly a dual-sport which is a motorcycle that can go both on and offroad. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Police were called in to manage crowds and pacify irate commuters at one of Britain's busiest railway stations last night after thousands of travellers were left stranded during rush hour. Travellers were photographed jumping over or crawling under ticket barriers in a desperate attempt to get on to the few trains passing through London Bridge. There was chaos because of signalling problems south of the station, while there were also issues after a person was hit by a train. Commuters said they feared someone could have been badly crushed on packed concourses. One giant leap: Pictures show frustrated commuters vaulting the ticket barriers to get on to the platform... ... while others resorted to crawling underneath in a desperate bid to make it home . Severe delays at London Bridge: Thousands of travellers were left stranded when services ground to a halt during rush hour, following signalling problems south of the station and by a person being hit by a train . Joe Kallas tweeted: ‘Avoid London Bridge like the plague. Southern Rail, you have outdone yourselves.’ Meanwhile Gabriella Griffith said: ‘London Bridge has reached peak chaos.’ British Transport Police officers were called to the station to help manage the growing crowds, with a spokesman unable to say how long they were expected to be in attendance. Services on Southern Rail were severely delayed last night, with many customers tweeting their outrage after being left unable to get home. London Bridge - which is the capital's oldest major station and handles 54million passengers a year - has experienced overcrowding problems since redevelopment work began earlier this year. Crawling under barriers: Network Rail insisted it was hoping to return to normal service as soon as possible . Network Rail insisted it was hoping to return to normal service as soon as possible. A spokesman said: ‘There was an incident where a person jumped onto the tracks at Streatham. ‘We turned off the electricity which powers the trains to prevent any further harm to the individual and British Transport Police were called to manage the incident and remove the person safely from the railway. ‘While the railway has been open since 5.27pm and this happened on a separate route to that serving London Bridge, it did cause a considerable amount of knock-on delays to other services, including those out of London Bridge tonight. ‘We're sorry this incident has caused the disruption it has and we're working as hard as we can to recover the service and get as many people where they need to be tonight.’ Travel chaos: British Transport Police officers were called to the station to help manage the growing crowds, with a spokesman unable to say how long they were expected to be in attendance . Left outside: Services on Southern Rail were severely delayed, with many customers tweeting their outrage after being left unable to get home . Nightmare: One angry traveller even tried to get her fellow passengers to sign a petition asking Southern Rail to improve their service . One angry traveller even tried to get her fellow passengers to sign a petition asking Southern Rail to improve their service. Sachika Taniyama tweeted: ‘Can we all sign this? I pay £200 per month to this company Southern Rail and all it brings is misery to my day.’ She also tweeted a link to an e-petition demanding that Southern ‘be held accountable for its rising fares and diminishing customer service, which cause misery to thousands of passengers daily’. A spokesman for Southern Rail UK said: ‘Unfortunately, a series of incidents including a person being struck by a train have affected evening peak services from London. ‘Delays of up to 60 minutes, cancellations and short notice alterations to services have been experienced by our passengers for which we apologise. ‘Our main focus is on getting everyone home and we are working hard on that at the moment.’ Apology: Network Rail said it was 'sorry this incident has caused the disruption it has and we're working as hard as we can to recover the service and get as many people where they need to be tonight' Various problems: Southern Rail said 'a series of incidents including a person being struck by a train have affected evening peak services from London' | Commuters jump over and crawl under ticket barriers at station last night . Signal problems south of station in London and person was hit by train . British Transport Police at scene as Southern Rail reports severe delays . Station has had overcrowding problems since redevelopment work began . |
According to the passage, mention some of Taylor’s hit songs after signing for Republic records. | Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter. Her genre-spanning discography, songwriting abilities and artistic reinventions have received critical praise and wide media coverage. Born in West Reading, Pennsylvania, Swift moved to Nashville at age 14 to become a country artist. She signed a songwriting deal with Sony/ATV Music Publishing in 2004 and a recording contract with Big Machine Records in 2005. Her 2006 self-titled debut album made her the first female country artist to write a U.S. platinum-certified album.
Swift's next albums, Fearless (2008) and Speak Now (2010), explored country pop. The former's "Love Story" and "You Belong with Me" were the first country songs to top the U.S. pop and all-genre airplay charts, respectively. She experimented with rock and electronic styles on Red (2012), which featured her first Billboard Hot 100 number-one song, "We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together", and eschewed her country image in her synth-pop album, 1989 (2014), supported by chart-topping songs "Shake It Off", "Blank Space", and "Bad Blood". Media scrutiny inspired the urban-flavored Reputation (2017) and its number-one single "Look What You Made Me Do".
Exiting Big Machine, Swift signed with Republic Records in 2018 and released her seventh studio album, Lover (2019), followed by the autobiographical documentary Miss Americana (2020). She ventured into indie folk and alternative rock in her 2020 albums Folklore and Evermore, whose singles "Cardigan" and "Willow" topped the Hot 100. Swift began re-recording her first six albums after a dispute over their masters, re-releasing two in 2021—Fearless (Taylor's Version) and Red (Taylor's Version). The latter's "All Too Well (10 Minute Version)" became the longest song to top the Hot 100. Her 2022 album Midnights and single "Anti-Hero" broke all-time streaming records. Swift has directed music videos and films, such as All Too Well: The Short Film (2021), and played supporting roles in others.
Having sold over 200 million records globally, Swift is one of the best-selling musicians in history. She is the most streamed woman on Spotify and the only act to have five albums open with over one million copies sold in the US. Among her accolades are 12 Grammy Awards, including three Album of the Year wins; an Emmy Award; 40 American Music Awards; 29 Billboard Music Awards; three IFPI Global Recording Artist of the Year awards; and 92 Guinness World Records. Swift has been featured in rankings such as Rolling Stone's 100 Greatest Songwriters of All Time, Billboard's Greatest of All Time Artists, the Time 100 and Forbes Celebrity 100. Honored with titles such as Artist of the Decade and Woman of the Decade, Swift is an advocate for artists' rights and women's empowerment. Her music is credited with influencing a generation of singers and songwriters. | Some of Taylor Swift’s greatest hits after signing with Republic records include:
1."Cardigan"
2."Willow"
3."All Too Well (10 Minute Version)"
4."Anti-Hero" |
find the most famous historical places in Egypt | Egypt has one of the longest histories of any country, tracing its heritage along the Nile Delta back to the 6th–4th millennia BCE. Considered a cradle of civilisation, Ancient Egypt saw some of the earliest developments of writing, agriculture, urbanisation, organised religion and central government. Iconic monuments such as the Giza Necropolis and its Great Sphinx, as well the ruins of Memphis, Thebes, Karnak, and the Valley of the Kings, reflect this legacy and remain a significant focus of scientific and popular interest. Egypt's long and rich cultural heritage is an integral part of its national identity, which reflects its unique transcontinental location being simultaneously Mediterranean, Middle Eastern and North African. Egypt was an early and important centre of Christianity, but was largely Islamised in the seventh century and remains a predominantly Sunni Muslim country, albeit with a significant Christian minority, along with other lesser practiced faiths. | the Giza Necropolis and its Great Sphinx, as well the ruins of Memphis, Thebes, Karnak, and the Valley of the Kings, reflect this legacy and remain a significant focus of scientific and popular interest |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (WIRED)Screens are rectangles. Even the 3-year-old playing with your iPad could tell you that. But what would the digital world look like through a different sort of frame? Say... a circular one? Monohm, a startup based in Berkeley, California, was founded around this very idea. For the last year, the three-person team has been working a circular, palm-sized device dubbed Runcible. They cheekily refer to it as the "anti-smartphone," a description that goes for both its form factor and its value system. The round device is meant to be the antidote to our feed-obsessed, notification-saturated digital existence. It's a challenge to the rectangular status quo and everything it represents. That's a quixotic dream, but an interesting one. Display technologies have a long and rectangular history. Before smartphones there were movie screens, TVs, and computers, not to mention paintings and pages of print. And then of course there are windows—in some ways the original glass rectangles. In each case, the rectangle's prominence can be attributed in large part to practicality. Whether you're talking about film or glass or stone, rectangles are easy to make. They don't leave much wasted material. As frames for shaping the world, however, different types of rectangles can produce vastly different effects. 14 of the Best Architecture Photos From the Past Year . In her book The Virtual Window, which traces the rectangular frame from Renaissance painting up through Microsoft Windows, media theorist Anne Friedberg offers an example from the history of architecture, centering on a public feud between French builder August Perret and the preeminent modernist architect Le Corbusier. Perret was a strong advocate of the traditional French casement window, which was oriented vertically. Its main function, he said, was to let light into a room. Le Corbusier, making use of new manufacturing techniques, designed his buildings around long, horizontal windows, which were as much about framing the outside world as illuminating the space within. The disagreement influenced architecture for decades to come. The simple act of turning a rectangle on its side gave us entirely new ways to think about space. Rectangles are still subtly dictating our behavior today. Movie screens, chased by TVs, have gotten bigger and wider, encouraging us to sit back and lose ourselves in the spectacle. (In 1930, Russian filmmaker Sergei Eisenstein lamented how the cinema's "passive horizontalism." He wanted the screen to be square.) Smartphones, with their slender, touch-controlled displays, have become a distinctly more active rectangle. Paired with the never-ending vertical feeds that fill apps like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter, they've become an irresistible, inexhaustible diversion. The point is this: Frames matter. They suggest certain things about how we should approach them. They shape the type of stuff that's made for them. And if just turning a rectangle on its side can make such a big difference, imagine all the interesting things that might happen if you left the rectangle behind altogether. Runcible isn't meant to be a smartphone replacement so much as an alternative. "I think we've become really, really good at getting interrupted and creating conduits for interruption," says Monohm CEO Aubrey Anderson, who met his co-founders during a stint at Apple. "It's time now to use technology to get a little quieter." If miniaturizing the computer is what got us the smartphone, Runcible asks what a gizmo might look like if you started by souping up a pocket watch. And the shape of the device is central to that thinking. A circular frame, after all, is no good for browsing a Twitter feed. 12 Most Ancient and Magnificent Trees From Around the World . So what is it good for? That's the question. At this point, Runcible as much a provocation as an actual product. The three-person team, which has been working with the San Francisco design studio Box Clever on the concept for nearly a year, has some prototype hardware and a crude sketch of an operating system, but they've still got a long way to go. They've got a few vague ideas for applications. One is a sort of dashboard that gives you an overview of activity on your social media accounts. Another is a compass-style mapping system that encourages wandering instead of pure A-to-B efficiency. But they're more enthusiastic about the philosophy behind it all: They want to see applications that distill information and streamline interaction, software that constrains the smartphone experience as it exists today. All this is easier said than done, of course. Throwing out centuries of rectangular thinking and starting from scratch ain't easy. Plus, it's not clear that people really want constraint to begin with. Smartphones are distracting, sure, but they're also incredibly useful and immensely entertaining and maybe a little distraction is a fair price to pay for all the good stuff. Still, even as a hint of a possible device, Runcible is compelling. For one thing, the company's hardware model feels great in the hand (The team's hardware guy, George Arriola, came from Sony, where he helped design the PlayStation 4.) The model's curved back brings to mind the very first iPhone—and makes you consider how each successive generation has become a little bit harder to hold. And though unformed, the vision for the software is interesting too. If today's interactive rectangles and infinite feeds signal that there's always more stuff just outside the frame, circles could offer something more self-contained, more complete. Maybe even something actively inefficient. Rectangles are beautiful and functional. Circles are zen. A circular device would sever the link to the printed page, the TV and the computer, and invite developers to look elsewhere for metaphor and inspiration. Pocket watches and compasses. Microscopes and telescopes. Peep holes, port holes, and wormholes. Dials, buttons, and other circular controls. 15 Incredible Photos That'll Remind You to Be Awed by Planet Earth . If nothing else, the concept could be valuable simply for helping us identify some of the assumptions and habits that underlie our existing devices. Maybe thinking about circles could help us make our rectangles better. Runcible is just one scrappy, literal attempt to abandon the rectangle. But similar thinking is happening elsewhere. Android Wear, Google's smartwatch operating system, reconsiders what apps should look like on a tiny circular display. Apple Watch is in some ways another rectangle, but its real estate is limited enough that it will also encourage new, less rectangular thinking. (Note how its home screen ditches iPhone's grid of icons for a blob of circular ones. Also note the recent rise of circular avatars over the traditional square ones in apps and interfaces of all kinds). We've seen how sensors can be harnessed to choreograph experiences that happen outside of the frame entirely, as with Disney's Magic Bands, which usher you through the company's parks. And then of course there are technologies like augmented reality and virtual reality, where your nose is effectively pressed so close to the glass that the frame disappears entirely. Here, the screen is less of a window, more of a lens. The only frame is your field of vision. Rectangles will endure. They're easy, they're efficient. But as new components and manufacturing techniques make it easier to experiment with other forms, we'll likely find people exploring the unique effects they can produce. Just recently, in fact, we saw an instance of a tech industry giant leaving the glass rectangle behind in a very big way. In a 10 minute video, Google proposed a new headquarters that would leaves boxy buildings behind in favor of tent-like structures draped in glass. These buildings don't have vertical windows or horizontal windows. They're nothing but windows, or maybe they're so radical that the concept of "window" doesn't even really apply. Whatever the case, there's nothing rectangular about them, and Google's convinced they're the future. Read more from WIRED: . There's a Super-Fast Method for Boarding Planes, But Airlines Aren't Using It . 21 Awesomely Well-Designed Products We're Dying to Own . What Cities Would Look Like if Lit Only by the Stars . Subscribe to WIRED magazine for less than $1 an issue and get a FREE GIFT! Click here! Copyright 2011 Wired.com. | A Californian startup has developed a circular smartphone called "Runcible" The provocative anti-phone is meant to be an antidote to our obsession for digital devices . |
Please write a bulleted list of the key people involved in the construction of the Amsterdam Centraal station, and their role in the project. | Amsterdam Centraal was designed by Pierre Cuypers, who is also known for his design of the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam. While Cuypers was the principal architect, it is believed that he focused mostly on the decoration of the station building and left the structural design to railway engineers. The station was built by contractor Philipp Holzmann. The new central station replaced Amsterdam Willemspoort Station, which had closed in 1878, as well as the temporary Westerdok Station used from 1878 to 1889. The idea for a central station came from Johan Rudolph Thorbecke, then the Netherlands Minister of the Interior and responsible for the national railways, who, in 1884, laid two proposals before the Amsterdam municipal council. In the first proposal, the station would be situated between the Leidseplein and the Amstel river. In the other, it would be built in the open harbour front allowing for the station to be connected to the existing main lines in the area to the west and the south, but also to a projected new northern line. | The key people involved in the construction of Amsterdam Centraal station were:
- Pierre Cuypers: designer
- Philipp Holzmann: building contractor
- Johan Rudolph Thorbecke: proposer |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)As a manager at several prominent media outlets, Katharine Zaleski did not understand the demands on working moms and often belittled their work ethic. Then she became a mom, and everything changed. In a widely shared piece this week for Fortune.com, the journalist-turned-startup executive apologizes for disparaging the mothers she worked with in her 20s at the Huffington Post and Washington Post. Zaleski said she committed multiple "infractions," against these women, including scheduling late-afternoon meetings or happy hours without considering that mothers with after-work responsibilities wouldn't be able to attend. She even didn't disagree "when another female editor said we should hurry up and fire another woman before she 'got pregnant.' " Now a mother to a young daughter, Zaleski said she was wrong to undervalue mothers' contributions by counting hours logged in the office and not the actual work done. "I wish I had known five years ago, as a young, childless manager, that mothers are the people you need on your team," she wrote. "There's a saying that 'if you want something done then ask a busy person to do it.' That's exactly why I like working with mothers now." Zaleski's piece has been shared more than 1,000 times and has been hailed on social media by many commenters who applaud her for seeing the error of her ways. "Your message is so important and it's about time it was addressed," said Heather Bouvier on Twitter. "THANK YOU for writing this. There are so many people like your then-childless 28-year-old self who need to read it. Seriously, thank you from the bottom of my heart," wrote Alice Gomstyn on Facebook. Since the essay was published Tuesday, Zaleski told CNN she's received more than 2,000 emails from readers who admit they've committed similar infractions in the workplace. "I'm so motivated and thrilled," she said. "I couldn't be more psyched for the responses." But not all the responses have been positive. Some people refuse to accept Zaleski's apology and accuse her of borrowing from similar apologetic essays by other new moms. "This woman has basically stolen another woman's post about her views on mothers with children in the workforce for her own personal gain!!," wrote one commenter on Zaleski's essay. Others accuse Zaleski of writing the essay just to promote the new company she co-founded, Power to Fly, an online platform that matches women with technical skills to freelance projects they can do from anywhere. "This woman & her shameless self-promoting article disgust me. No awareness. No integrity," Kitten Holiday said on Twitter. Zaleski said that notion is "just silly," and she's taken a huge risk leaving a stable job to start a company that is a part of the solution. Zaleski said her company, which launched in August, enables women to work from home so that they can "be valued for their productivity and not time spent sitting in an office or at a bar bonding afterwards." But some critics say encouraging mothers to work from home only perpetuates a problem. "I like this article a lot, but wish the solution wasn't to have a company that helps mothers find jobs that keep them tucked away at home, but to change the dominant culture to create better, more supportive workplaces where flexible schedules are encouraged," said Suzanne Pekow Carlson on Facebook. Others say they wish Zaleski went further, and instead of only addressing the challenges of the working mother, wished she'd included other caregivers, like dads. "I hope the convo ... expands beyond just working moms to working dads, folks taking care of sick parents, etc.," ABC's Karen Travers said on Twitter. "I don't understand why we still refuse to acknowledge that our society needs to be more flexible for PARENTS. It is not just the woman's burden," said Margaret Weingart Berger on Facebook. And said another commenter on Zaleski's essay, "If it takes this woman becoming a mother to understand the value of working mothers and have compassion for them, then I guess we can't expect men to understand and have compassion because they will never be able to be mothers themselves." Zaleski said she finds the criticism "frustrating," but said she refuses to dwell on the negative. She wants to "stay focused on helping women find fulfilling work they can do from home." She said her essay represents her "own personal experience," which happens to mostly involve working with mothers. But she's glad her piece has opened a dialogue and she hopes the conversation continues. Women not supporting women "is a systemic problem in our society," Zaleski said. Serena Markstrom Nugent, posting on Facebook, agreed. "To the women mad at her (Zaleski) and saying too little too late: She not only had not had kids but was very young and ambitious. In the spirit of not tearing down other women, I would say cheer her on for where she is on in the journey," she wrote. "Still young, still learning, and at least at this point, it appears, part of the solution." Still other critics suggest the issue isn't as simple as parents versus non-parents in the workplace. Instead, they say, it's about the lack of empathy that exists between colleagues whose circumstances are different from their own. "Why is it necessary to 'walk in someone's shoes' before we understand their perspective?" said Ann OConnell on Facebook. "Until we strive to have understanding and compassion for people regardless of our personal circumstances or life choices, we will remain selfish and self-centered as a whole." | Katharine Zaleski said she judged working moms before she became one . Her online essay has sparked widespread discussion on social media . Zaleski co-founded Power to Fly, which matches stay-at-home moms with technical jobs . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Zlatan Ibrahimovic isn't known for being shy and he was quick to show off the signed gift he was given following his impressive hat-trick in Paris Saint-Germain's 3-1 win over Lorient. The Swedish international has had a difficult few weeks following his sending off against Chelsea in the Champions League and his foul-mouthed rant at the officials following the league defeat against Bordeaux. Ibrahimovic took to Instagram where he posted the photo of his signed match ball. Zlatan Ibrahimovic posted this photo of the signed match ball following his hat-trick against Lorient . The PSG striker (right) had a a difficult few weeks but was able to forget about that with an impressive display . He said: 'For those of you who are wondering where the ball is...' PSG are just a point ahead of Lyon in Ligue 1, coming into the final matches of the campaign knowing that they can't afford to slip up if they want to retain the title. With a Champions League quarter-final place and currently top of the table, the French champions have potential for a great season but will need their talisman to keep on firing. Ibrahimovic slots home a penalty to seal the victory with his sides third of the contest in Paris . The Swedish international is congratulated by his team-mates after completing his hat-trick . | Zlatan Ibrahimovic scored a hat-trick for PSG against Lorient . The Swedish international posted the snap on his Instagram page . Ibrahimovic has had a difficult few weeks but was excellent on Friday . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Lionel Messi has compared Barcelona's mouthwatering clash against eternal rivals Real Madrid later this month to the bitter South American rivalry between Brazil and Argentina. Barca host Real in the second El Clasico fixture of the season on March 22 - with both teams tussling for the La Liga title. The Catalan club currently hold a one-point advantage over Carlo Ancelotti's side with just 12 games of the season remaining. Lionel Messi has compared Barcelona's fierce rivalry with Real Madrid to Brazil versus Argentina . Messi (pictured, centre, playing for Argentina in 2008) has played in many tense encounters against Brazil . Messi (pictured, centre, playing for Barca in 2011) has scored more El Clasico goals than anyone in history . The diminutive No 10 (centre right) enjoyed a BBQ with his Barcelona team-mates on Wednesday afternoon . Messi spoke in an interview with FourFourTwo . And looking ahead to the Nou Camp encounter Messi, who has scored more Clasico goals than anyone else in the history of the fixture, describes the occasion as one to relish. 'The Clasico, which is coming up later in this month, is obviously a special game,' he told FourFourTwo Magazine. 'It's important for what it means to everyone involved, from the players to the fans. 'It's an event all around the world. As a player, though, you have to treat it like any other game. Like any derby, there's something extra to the game. 'They're amazing to play in and it's a fixture I've been very lucky to score a lot of goals in. 'I think on the international stage, Brazil vs Argentina is similar to Real Madrid v Barca. Both matches involve big teams who have a great rivalry, the main difference being that for the former it's all about the countries, while Barcelona isn't just about the city, but the fans from afar who have feelings for the club.' The 27-year-old is enjoying another wonderful season at Barcelona having netted an incredible 41 goals so far. Messi scored a hat-trick in Sunday's 6-1 La Liga win at home to Rayo Vallecano - his fifth treble of the campaign. Speaking about what makes him so special, the dimunitive No 10 insists his genius is all instinctive. 'Some people say my style of play is innate, but I'm not sure if that's me, or not. Honestly, I do play on instinct,' he added. 'On the pitch, I’m always looking for the best move or decision at any given time. I never want to do what the opposition would be expecting.' Messi (centre) scored a hat-trick as Barcelona won 6-1 at home to Rayo Vallecano in La Liga on Sunday . To read the full interview with Lionel Messi it is available in either print of digital format via the FourFourTwo Magazine website. | Barcelona entertain eternal rivals Real Madrid in La Liga on March 22 . Barca currently sit one point above Real at the top of the table . Lionel Messi has scored more El Clasico goals than anyone in history . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Paris Saint-Germain defender David Luiz has stoked the fire ahead of this week's Champions League showdown with his former side Chelsea, insisting Jose Mourinho 'is not special' to him. Luiz, who moved to the French champions for £50million in June, has quashed talk of the Portuguese coach - commonly labelled the 'Special One' - being anything spectacular in managerial terms. Ahead of the decisive second leg at Stamford Bridge on Wednesday night Luiz told L'Equipe: 'He (Mourinho) is special for you, but not for me. David Luiz (middle), celebrates after scoring for PSG against Lens, faces former side Chelsea on Wednesday . Luiz (centre), tries the spectacular during the game at the Parc des Princes on Saturday afternoon . The 27-year-old celebrates Champions League (left) and Europa League success (right) at Chelsea . 'I had some great moments at Chelsea and won a lot of titles. I was very happy. 'They are having a great season, defend well and have great players but above all I know my team. We will try to score there and play like we know how we can. 'We will have a good game plan and implement it the best way possible to achieve a great performance. Both can still qualify.' Luiz and Co face a tough task at the home of the Premier League leaders this week, with Mourinho's men currently in the ascendancy after scoring a crucial away goal in the 1-1 draw at the Parc des Princes a fortnight ago. | Former Chelsea defender David Luiz has had his say on Jose Mourinho . The Brazilian says the Blues boss is 'not special' to him . The 27-year-old spent three years at the Blues, enjoying plenty of success . PSG and Chelsea go into the decisive leg of their last-16 Champions League clash at Stamford Bridge on level terms . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | It has been one of the most frustrating paradoxes of modern science - that light exists both as a wave and particle at the same time but can never be seen in both states simultaneously. Albert Einstein was the first person to describe this apparent dual state of light in 1905 in an attempt to explain some of the apparently contradictory behaviour it displays. Yet when scientists attempt to observe these states, it has only ever been able to see light behave as photon particle or as an electromagnetic wave. Scroll down for video . The above image is what scientists say is the first ever snapshot of light behaving as a particle and a wave. The bottom 'slice' of the image shows the particles, while the top image shows light as a wave . But now researchers based at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), have captured the first ever snapshot of light behaving as both a wave and particle. The work shows that Einstein was right when he proposed that electromagnetic radiation could behave as both a wave and a particle at the same time. Scientists have developed a camera system that lets users see round corners using laser light. The system takes advantage of the way light is reflected and refracted to reconstruct the shape of objects outside the field of view. Researchers at the University of Bonn and the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, used a laser to scatter light on a surface. is shone on a surface . In a demonstration, a laser was shone on a white wall, while a camera watches the scene. All it can see initially through the lens is a ‘spot’ of light. A computer records the image and the data is processed so the outlines of an object behind the screen gradually appear. The technique for capturing the image could be used to help open up new areas of superfast computers that exploit the quantum states of materials. He said: 'This experiment demonstrates that, for the first time ever, we can film quantum mechanics - and its paradoxical nature - directly. 'Being able to image and control quantum phenomena at the nanometer scale like this opens up a new route towards quantum computing.' The wave-like behaviour of light can be seen clearly when sunlight is refracted through a prism and splits into the different colours according to the wavelengths of the light. However, it can also be seen behaving like a particle - like photons hurled out as radiation by materials like uranium or when gas high in the atmosphere is battered by the solar wind to produce the aurora over the poles. In a paper published in the journal Nature Communications, the research team conducted an experiment and then used electrons to image the light. By firing a pulse of laser light at a tiny metal wire suspended on graphene, this added energy to the particle wire and caused them to vibrate. The Aurora Borealis (shown above) is caused by photons particles thrown out by gas atoms high in the Earth's atmosphere as they collide with high energy charged particles carried by the solar wind from the sun . White light splitting into different colours through a prism (above) shows how it behaves like a wave . Light then traveled along the wire in two possible directions. When the waves travelling in opposite directions meet each other they form a new 'standing wave' of light. By then firing a stream of electrons close to the nanowire, they were able to image this wave in an ultrafast microscope due to the way the electrons sped up or slowed down. Dr Carbone said that the resulting image produces a fingerprint of the wave-nature of light while also simultaneously demonstrating that it is a particle too. The electrons pass close to the standing wave of light, they hit the photons it contains, again affecting the resulting image. | Swiss researchers have used lasers and nanowires to capture the images . Scientists have been attempting to image light in both states for decades . Albert Einstein was first to describe light as being both a wave and particle . The experiment could lead to new types of super fast 'quantum computers' |
What is power resource theory? | Power resource theory is a political theory proposing that variations among welfare states is largely attributable to differing distributions of power between economic classes. It argues that "working class power achieved through organisation by labor unions or left parties, produces more egalitarian distributional outcomes".
Pioneered in the 1970s and 1980s by a school of Scandinavian researchers closely associated with Walter Korpi, Gøsta Esping-Andersen, and John Stephens, power resource theory is an empirical approach to examining the development, characteristics and effects of social policies in advanced industrialized nations. It attempts to account for the various approaches to social policy adopted by different nations, focusing primarily on the role and strength of labor mobilization. Its major conclusion is that social welfare provisions are larger and income inequality lower in countries where working-class people are more politically organized.
While power resource theory became the dominant paradigm among scholars in the 1990s for explaining variations between welfare states in advanced democracies, there are criticisms that point out the lack of accountability for factors such as variations in “coverage, extension, and generosity among welfare states” in addition to not accounting for the importance of political mobilization based on social class. Competing theories have also challenged power resource theory with alternative explanations for the varying levels of welfare development such as the importance of employers and cross-class alliances that exist in coordinated market societies. | Power resource theory is a political theory proposing that variations among welfare states is largely attributable to differing distributions of power between economic classes. Power resource theory was pioneered in the 1970's by a school of Scandinavian researchers and it attempts to account for the various approached to social policy adopted by different nations. |
Extract who developed Age of Empires 2 and the year it was released from the following text and separate them with a comma | Age of Empires II: The Age of Kings is a real-time strategy video game developed by Ensemble Studios and published by Microsoft. Released in 1999 for Microsoft Windows and Macintosh, it is the second game in the Age of Empires series. The Age of Kings is set in the Middle Ages and contains thirteen playable civilizations. Players aim to gather resources, which they use to build towns, create armies, and defeat their enemies. There are five historically based campaigns, which conscript the player to specialized and story-backed conditions, as well as three additional single-player game modes; multiplayer is also supported. | Ensemble Studios, 1999 |
Where did Riley Redgate sarted her first novel? | Robinson was raised in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. She attended Richard J. Reynolds High School, where she began her first novel, Seven Ways We Lie. She is an alumna of Kenyon College in Gambier, Ohio, where she majored in economics, graduating in 2016. Her debut novel was published before she graduated. While at Kenyon, Robinson won the college's James E. Michael Playwriting Award for her play Mourning Sickness.
Robinson worked from Chicago as writing apprentice for the satirical media outlet The Onion. Her three novels are Seven Ways We Lie (2016), Note Worthy (2017), and Final Draft (2018), all published by Amulet, an imprint of Abrams Books.
Robinson is bisexual, of half-Irish and half-Chinese descent, and the characters in her novels similarly lie "in the middle of a spectrum rather than out at the ends". | Riley Redgate started her first novel while attending Richard J. Reynolds High School. |
Why is dried fruit prized? | Dried fruit is fruit from which the majority of the original water content has been removed either naturally, through sun drying, or through the use of specialized dryers or dehydrators. Dried fruit has a long tradition of use dating back to the fourth millennium BC in Mesopotamia, and is prized because of its sweet taste, nutritive value and long shelf life.
Today, dried fruit consumption is widespread. Nearly half of the dried fruits sold are raisins, followed by dates, prunes, figs, apricots, peaches, apples, and pears. These are referred to as "conventional" or "traditional" dried fruits: fruits that have been dried in the sun or in heated wind tunnel dryers. Many fruits such as cranberries, blueberries, cherries, strawberries, and mango are infused with a sweetener (e.g. sucrose syrup) prior to drying. Some products sold as dried fruit, like papaya, kiwifruit and pineapple, are most often candied fruit.
Dried fruits retain most of the nutritional value of fresh fruits. The specific nutrient content of the different dried fruits reflects their fresh counterpart and the processing method. | Dried fruit has a long tradition of use dating back to the fourth millennium BC in Mesopotamia, and is prized because of its sweet taste, nutritive value and long shelf life. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Washington (CNN)President Barack Obama's effort to bridge the trust deficit between African-Americans and law enforcement, the money wars heading into 2016, a little CPAC history and a "do not reply" mandate fill our Sunday trip around the "Inside Politics" table: . 1. Winning CPAC once meant little, but are Rand Paul's multiple wins just the ticket? Rand Paul won his third consecutive CPAC presidential straw poll this weekend, and most political journalists yawned -- and understandably so. There have been 20 previous CPAC straw polls, and only in four of those cases has the winner ended up as the Republican presidential nominee. And in all four of those cases, it was in the actual election year. Never has a winner in the year before the presidential vote -- like this year -- gone on to win the nomination. So Sen. Paul shouldn't rush to measure the White House drapes. But he is now in special company: He's in a tie for CPAC wins (three) with Ronald Reagan and Jack Kemp. Mitt Romney is the all-time leader with four CPAC wins. Ron Paul has two. So winning once is more or less meaningless, but winning twice or more? The Pauls -- Rand and Ron -- are the only two men with at least two CPAC wins who have not appeared on the GOP ticket. (Kemp was Bob Dole's VP nominee.) It's one more way, we can assume, that Rand Paul hopes to get some separation from his dad heading into 2016. 2. POTUS hopes for action -- and legacy item -- in law enforcement arena . Washington will be consumed this week with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's speech to Congress and the continuing fight over funding the Department of Homeland Security. But Nia-Malika Henderson of The Washington Post took us inside another big event: a report from the task force Obama established post-Ferguson to study the tensions between law enforcement and African-Americans. "The White House has said that they have been surprised by so many areas of commonality between these activists and law enforcement officials who were on this task force," said Henderson. "Other people say the gulf is as wide as you might imagine." Henderson adds that the President doesn't want this report to gather dust on the shelf but casts doubts over whether this will be part of Obama's record. "Whether or not it will be a legacy item, we'll have to see. That will probably depend on legislation, and that seems fairly unlikely." 3. The super PAC campaign: Millions are OK, but billions rule . There is always a money race in presidential politics. But the times are changing. Candidates need to raise cash for their actual campaign committees, but that effort is taking a back seat to the bigger money chase. Jonathan Martin of The New York Times shared some reporting on the race to win over big -- as in billionaire -- support for the super PACs that now dominate the world of political finance. Martin noted it's March 1, and "not a single candidate has set up an actual campaign committee." "They have, though, set up super PACs, and this has dramatically changed politics. The donors most coveted now are billionaires with a 'B,' those [who] can stroke seven-, eight-figure checks and the year of the bundlers who can raise a few hundred thousand dollars is seemingly passe." 4. Go West: The states are blue, but the money chase is bipartisan . It's not really a risk to say California, Oregon and Washington will go blue --Democratic -- in the 2016 presidential race. So why, then, are many Republican hopefuls heading West, especially to Silicon Valley? It's all about the cash. Obama dominated high-tech fundraising in 2008 and 2012. Bloomberg's Lisa Lerer traveled West recently as Hillary Clinton made a pitch for help this time around. She reports that Clinton has many friends, but that there is a fierce and bipartisan competition for money out West. "This time she'll ... have competition from an unlikely source, Rand Paul, who's opened an office there. He's hoping to tap into the libertarian vein of some of the Silicon Valley money. Jeb Bush has also been meeting with tech executives." "It's not clear who's going capture this new and growing source of wealth for elections that are supposed to cost over $1 billion on each side, but one thing's sure. We'll see lots of candidates and staffers making many trips down the 101." 5. DO NOT REPLY: Your government's guide to a partial shutdown . A temporary fix keeps the Department of Homeland Security running at full steam this week, but Congress will be trying to find a longer-term solution next. So department workers still have to prepare and sort out whether they would have to work -- or would be furloughed -- in the event funding expires. Ed O'Keefe of The Washington Post gave us a glimpse at the contingency planning, obtaining a memo sent to relevant workers as it appeared Congress might not reach even a temporary deal before the Friday night deadline. "Buried deep in there on page 23--- a little note to the 15% of DHS workers who might have been furloughed: you can check your email but you cannot hit reply," said O'Keefe. "You were allowed to check for the status of the furlough but to hit reply or to engage anyone on email might result in severe penalties." "So you would get paid after a shutdown, but you weren't allowed to check your email. Perhaps a silver lining to the possibility of the shutdown." | Could President Obama's legacy include fixing Ferguson? Rand Paul, Jeb Bush and Hillary Clinton compete for Silicon Valley cash . Will 2016 be the year of the super PAC election? |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A student was found walking around naked after he is believed to have taken LSD before stabbing his classmate in the neck. Kevin Huang, 22, was arrested after police found a 23-year-old man who had been stabbed in the neck at a house in New Brunswick in New Jersey. Huang was found pacing around the second floor of the house naked and police said both he and the victim, who are students at Rutgers University, had been taking LSD earlier in the evening. Police found Kevin Huang naked and pacing around an apartment in New Jersey after he allegedly stabbed a fellow at Rutgers University student in the neck after the pair were taking LSD, according to police . The witness claimed he had gone to get help after 22-year-old Huang had become aggressive and removed his clothes, NBC reported. When he returned the other man had been stabbed and was trying to leave the apartment. Police were called to the apartment at about 1.20am on Saturday. A search of Huang's apartment allegedly uncovered large quantities of drugs - including 500 bars of Xanax and a significant amount of cocaine - as well as drugs paraphernalia. Huang was charged with attempted murder, as well as two weapons charges and drug possession, distribution and distribution in a school zone. His victims was taken to Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital and treated for his injuries, police said. Police said his injuries were not life threatening. Various drugs and drug paraphernalia were found in a search of Huang's home after he was arrested . Huang and the 23-year-old man who was stabbed are both students at Rutgers University in New Brunswick . | Police were called to reports of a stabbing in New Brunswick, New Jersey . When they arrived they found injured man and Kevin Huang naked . Both the 23-year-old victim and Huang were said to have taken LSD earlier . Huang was arrested on charges of attempted murder and drug possession . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Love does have a price - $32,100. A 1963 Volkswagen Beetle that was used in the Herbie the Love Bug film series sold on eBay for $32,100 on Thursday night. The white, four-speed vehicle was one of 23 cars to be featured in the 1980 film Herbie Goes Bananas. Scroll down for video . A 1963 Volkswagen Beetle that was used in the Herbie the Love Bug film series just sold on eBay for $32,100 . Disney built two cars for the floating down the Panama Canal scene, but one of them was destroyed . The Herbie films started in 1968 with the The Love Bug where Herbie is bought by Mrs Van Luitfor for her maid . The car, No. 16, was built for a scene where it floats down the Panama Canal. Disney built two cars for the scene, but the other one was destroyed. The car no longer floats, but 'he was rebuilt to be drivable after being discovered in a wrecking yard in California after being auctioned,' according to the listing. In addition to the bill of sale, the car comes complete with a binder about its history and exclusive photos. The car is registered in Texas and its glove box door is signed by actors Dean Jones and Joaquin Garay III from the film. Just like in the films, this Herbie has a few tricks up its hood. The car 'has a remote control that allows his headlights to move from side to side, his front blinkers to blink, his horn to honk, and his windshield squirter to spray at people as they walk by,' According to the seller, 'It is a blast to see everyone's reaction'. The glove box door is signed by Dean Jones (pictured) who played Jim Douglas in the Herbie films . The car has features which were signed by actors Dean Jones and Joaquin Garay III from Herbie Goes Bananas . The car has a remote control that allows his headlights to move from side to side and its horn to honk . The Herbie films started in 1968 with the The Love Bug where Herbie is first bought by San Francisco socialite Mrs Van Luit . for her maid, but returned shortly afterward and purchased by . race-driver Jim Douglas (Jones). Douglas's friend, Tennessee Steinmetz, names the car 'Herbie' after his uncle Herb. The little car had a mind of its own and is capable of driving itself - including becoming a serious competitor in racing competitions. | 1963 Volkswagen Beetle was featured in 1980 film Herbie Goes Bananas . The white, four-speed vehicle was one of 23 cars used in the film . It was custom built by Disney for scene where it floated on Panama Canal . Car has remote control that allows its headlights to move and horn to honk . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | The Football Association has charged Dagenham midfielder Joss Labadie with violent conduct following an incident involving Stevenage defender Ronnie Henry. The 24-year-old, who has been banned for biting before, was accused of sinking his teeth into the hand of Stevenage defender Ronnie Henry during Saturday's League Two fixture at the Lamex Stadium. The pair clashed near the touchline when Henry tried to wrestle the ball out of Labadie's arms after play had been stopped. Henry immediately appeared to signal to the nearby assistant referee that he had been bitten. Dagenham midfielder Joss Labadie (in yellow) is accused of biting Ronnie Henry (left) on Saturday . ‘The FA has charged Dagenham & Redbridge player Joss Labadie with violent conduct following an incident during their game on 21 March 2015,’ said a statement on the FA website. ‘Labadie has until 6pm on March 30 to respond to the charge.’ Dagenham have since said that Labadie denies the accusation but Stevenage boss Graham Westley revealed after the match that Henry, 31, had suffered 'a nasty injury' and had 'nearly lost his finger'. Police are continuing to make inquiries into the alleged incident, a Hertfordshire Police spokesperson added: 'Hertfordshire Constabulary is aware of an alleged incident that took place between two football players during the Dagenham vs Stevenage match at the Stevenage FC ground on Saturday, March 22. Police are making inquiries into the incident.' Labadie was fined £2,000 and banned for 10 games for biting Chesterfield's Ollie Banks while playing for Torquay in February 2014. Stevenage's Ronnie Henry (in the white) has accused Dagenham midfielder Joss Labadie of biting him . The duo squared up after this clash on Saturday - and police are continuing to make inquiries . | Joss Labadie has until 6pm on Monday March 30 to respond to the charge . Stevenage's Ronnie Henry accused Labadie of biting him on Saturday . Incident took place shortly before the end of their League Two clash . Labadie served a 10-match ban and was fined £2,000 in 2014 for biting . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | It could be football's greatest ever dynasty – Zinedine Zidane as Real Madrid's head coach and his four sons out on the pitch in the famous white shirts playing for him. It sounds far-fetched, but then so does the idea that Zidane could be Real's B-team coach and that his offspring would be at various levels of the club's youth system – which is already a reality. Sportsmail looks at the chances of things going to the next level. VIDEOS Scroll down to watch Theo prove he's a chip off the old block . Zinedine Zidane is currently Real Madrid's B-team coach and could replace Carlo Ancelotti at the Bernabeu . Zidane enjoyed a glittering career as a player at Real and his sons are all currently at the academy . The coach . Zinedine Zidane has spent three days in Munich this week under the tutelage of Pep Guardiola and Real Madrid are hoping that what the teacher did for Barcelona the pupil will one day do for them. Club president Florentino Perez has decided he wants the former player to lead the side one day and Zidane is preparing for the possibility that it could come as soon as next season. He is one of seven French coaches spending this week at Bayern Munich's training facilities where along with former Real Madrid team-mate Claude Makelele he is seeing first hand how Guardiola works. Next season he could be in the same position Guardiola was in 2008 – having graduated from his club's youth system to take charge of the first team. He will cut the same sharp-suited imposing figure on the touchline and he will command the same respect among rivals, players and media, but will he be as prolifically successful? Zidane visited Bayern's training ground with Bernard Diomede (left) and Claude Makelele (right) this week . Real hope Zidane can emulate Pep Guardiola's transition from a player to boss with Barcelona and Bayern . Zidane currently coaches Real Madrid's second team, Castilla, in one of Spain's four regional third-tier divisions. If Castilla win their division they will go into a play-off for a place in the second division next season. But by then Carlo Ancelotti may have moved on and Zidane may have stepped up to replace him. There is no question a career as a coach is what the former Ballon d'Or and World Cup winner wants. As well as this week's masterclass with Guardiola he has also been to Marseille to watch Marcelo Bielsa work. He wants to coach the France team one day and if their 2016 campaign on home soil were to end in tears there would be calls for him to take charge of the national side he once lead to the biggest prize in football. The Madrid job will probably come before the national team however. Those who have seen him at close quarters on the training pitch say he's inspirational and has none of that haughtiness that sometimes prevents great players from being able to improve lesser mortals. Zidane lead France to World Cup glory in 1998 and is touted as a future national team coach . With Zidane in charge, Real Madrid's Castilla team are in one of Spain's four regional third-tier divisions . Zidane fights for the ball with Manchester United's Roy Keane during a Champions League tie in 2003 . He's tough and media-savvy after years of coping with the intense spotlight shone on him in France where he is adored far more than Michel Platini – his rival as the country's greatest ever player, but one who never won the World Cup. Ultimately expecting him to emulate Guardiola might be asking too much – the Bayern Munich coach's tactical brain and obsessive character make him unique. He also has the baggage of having been so good as a player. Diego Maradona and Pele never made it as managers, but Alfredo di Stefano and Johan Cruyff did, so there are precedents. Johan Cruyff was a fine player and also excelled as a manager at Barcelona . And the sons… . Enzo . Star of Real Madrid C, Enzo, wears the Fernandez name on his back, the family name of the Zidane boys' mother Veronique Fernandez – a dancer who he met in 1988 playing for Cannes. It perhaps weighs less heavily on the shoulders of the young prodigies. Already a Spain Under 19 international Enzo, just like his siblings, has the choice of three countries. Playing for France would please his father; and so might playing for Algeria, which is his third possibility because of his grandfather. He is the player who most resembles his father in playing style. He plays as a No 10 and is one rung on the ladder below Castilla. Enzo Zidane Fernandez is the star of Real Madrid C and is already a Spain Under 19 international . Enzo's style as a gifted No 10 with Real's lower ranks most resembles that of his father . Luca . Enzo is very much the French romantics' choice to make it – being named after Uruguayan playmaker Enzo Francescoli and playing in Zidane's position. But many in France believe it will be goalkeeper Luca – born just before his father won the World Cup in 1998 – who will go further. He currently plays for Real Madrid's Under 17s Juvenil B team and is impressing everyone at the club. Luca Zidane Fernandez has impressed at Real Madrid as a goalkeeper while Iker Casillas (right) struggles . Zinedine watches a Thai boxing match with son Luca in Bangkok in 2007 . Theo and Elyaz . Zidane's youngest sons have both grown up in Spain. Elyaz has recently turned 10 and is a midfielder and Theo is also a midfielder who will be 13 in May. They are both in Real Madrid boys' teams and in theory they would both also have the option of playing for Spain, France or Algeria if they reached international levels. If all four sons made it to international football and didn't pick the same country, they could even replicate the situation at the last World Cup when the Boateng brothers Kevin-Prince and Jerome faced each other for Ghana and Germany. Elyaz (left, 10) and Theo (right, 12) are both in Real boys' teams and could play for Spain, France or Algeria . Theo Fernandez (right,) scored a superb goal Real's youth side after a wonderful left-footed touch . He placed the ball past the goalkeeper as three defenders tried to close down the space around him . Will the Zidane dynasty become a reality at the Santiago Bernabeu? It's impossible to say how the youngest two will develop but the eldest are well on their way to becoming professionals. Can they do it at Madrid with Zidane as their footballing as well as natural father? Well Zidane has to get the big job first, then the boys are in the realms of 'famous footballers with famous footbaling fathers as manager' syndrome. Nigel Clough and Jordi Cruyff didn't match the achievements of their coaching dads but did make good careers for themselves. It is always tough for the sons of great players. Pele's son, Edinho, served Santos as a goalkeeper but also served time for drugs and money-laundering offences. Diego Maradona is one of the world's greatest ever players but son Diego Sinagria (right) failed to impress . Jordi Cruyff (right) tried to emulate father Johan and briefly featured for Manchester United . And when Diego Maradona's son, Diego Sinagra, was playing youth football at Napoli, an Italian journalist was overheard assessing the boy's chances of emulating his father and saying: 'If you threw Maradona an orange he'd catch it on his foot, juggle it and balance it on his head. If you threw his son an orange he'd catch it in his hands, peel it and eat it.' Zidane's children clearly have the talent to follow their father's footsteps and with their dad on the verge of a managerial career at Real Madrid the possibilities of a 'Zizou Dynasty' cannot be ruled out. Zinedine Zidane scores a spectacular goal against Bayer Leverkusen during the 2002 Champions League final . | Zinedine Zidane is currently the Real Madrid B-team (Castilla) coach . Florentino Perez wants former star to be manager at Real in the future . Zidane has four sons - Enzo, Luca, Theo and Elyaz all playing at the club . Enzo is a No 10 like his father while Luca is an impressive goalkeeper . It could be football's greatest ever dynasty if all four make it in the game . CLICK HERE for all the latest Real Madrid news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Dulles, Virginia (CNN)Two quick-thinking passengers in the third row of a United flight to Denver tackled and subdued a man who was heading toward the cockpit, other travelers on the plane told CNN on Tuesday. The incident started shortly after United Flight 1074 took off around 10:15 p.m. Monday from Dulles International Airport in suburban Washington. The Boeing 737 jet was supposed to take its 33 passengers and six crew members to Denver, but turned back because the unnamed passenger "failed to comply with crew instructions," United Airlines spokesman Luke Punzenberger said. Joshua Lindstrom told "Anderson Cooper 360˚" Tuesday night that a man was acting strangely as he moved up the aisle. "The flight attendant gave some sort of command to stand back, and he turned and started heading toward the cockpit. And the guy in 3E was a lightning bolt and just jumped out of his seat and took the guy down to the ground." The hero's seatmate piled on and grabbed the out-of-control passenger's legs, Lindstrom said. Passenger Donna Tellam told CNN's "Erin Burnett OutFront" the men reacted so quickly she thought they were air marshals. She said the unruly man had come down the aisle, screaming about the plane going too slow and flailing his arms. A flight attendant used plastic ties to bind the man's wrists as the plane headed back, she said. Earlier, a government official with direct knowledge of the incident told CNN that the detained passenger had run toward the cockpit screaming "jihad, jihad." Lindstrom told Cooper he didn't hear those words but after the flight was back on the ground the man who tackled the unruly passenger mentioned it. "He said, 'Did you hear it? Like he said 'jihad' a couple times (while he was being restrained)," Lindstrom said. "... In the end it was more surreal than it was scary. It was wild." Lindstrom said two other people helped keep the man on the floor for the 20 minutes or so that it took the flight crew to return to Dulles. During that time, the subdued man's mood would change. The man was rattling on about someone trying to bring the plane down, then become despondent and cry, "I'm sorry, I'm sorry." A cell phone video shows the man, bruised on his face, being held down. At one point, he pleads, "Please stop, please stop, they said call it off." At another, the man seems to cry as he says, "I'm so sorry." "Don't move," one passenger says, apparently trying to calm the man. "You're OK. We're going to get you off this plane, buddy." The plane returned to Dulles around 10:40 p.m., said Kimberly Gibbs, a spokeswoman for the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority, which runs the northern Virginia airport. Airport police took the unruly passenger off the plane, and airport firefighter-EMTs transported him to a nearby hospital, according to Gibbs. As of late Tuesday evening, the passenger had not been arrested or charged with a crime, officials said. There is nothing, so far, in the tackled man's background to suggest he has a connection to terrorists, the government source said. No weapons were found after he was subdued. By then, the other passengers -- none of whom was injured -- had been rebooked on new Denver-bound flights. Some opted to take the first flight to Colorado on Tuesday, while others chose to leave later, according to Punzenberger, the United spokesman. Opinion: Pilot: How safe are you on a plane? CNN's Rene Marsh reported from Dulles Airport, and CNN's Steve Almasy and Greg Botelho wrote this story from Atlanta. CNN's Tina Burnside, Javi Morgado, Holly Yan and Diane Ruggiero contributed to this report. | Witness on plane says unruly passenger talked about someone trying to bring plane down . Another passenger tells CNN man said plane was going too slow . Airport spokeswoman: Passenger not arrested or charged with a crime so far . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | It is inevitable that myths will swirl around an event as monumental as the richest fight of all time. One by one the more extravagant of those fantasies are being debunked. No, not the enormity of the money. This is a fortune which just keeps on growing and will carry on doing so all the way to the desert night of May 2 – and beyond as the pay-TV returns pour in. This is the latest picture Floyd Mayweather posted on shots.com as he trains for the Manny Pacquiao fight . And Pacquiao has also updated his Instagram account with this picture from Monday . Las Vegas was the only realistic option for the Floyd Mayweather-Manny Pacquiao mega-fight . The $300million fight will be held at the MGM Grand which has hosted Mayweather's last 10 bouts . The latest dose of reality comes from promoter Bob Arum as he explains why, despite all the speculation to the contrary, Floyd Mayweather Jnr vs Manny Pacquiao was never going anywhere except Las Vegas. Not to New York, the preceding spiritual home of boxing. Not to the Philippines, where the national adoration of Pacquiao could have generated a second Thrilla in Manilla to follow in the immortal footsteps of Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier. Not to the space odyssey of a stadium which is the new home of the Dallas Cowboys, even though it would have accommodated more than five times the number of spectators lucky and wealthy enough to acquire tickets at the MGM Grand Garden Arena. Arum was glibly cited as the proponent of alternative venues. Not least because he took his PacMan to the house which Cowboys owner Jerry Jones built in Dallas for two fights each of which pulled in 50,000 plus crowds . Pacquiao's promoter was cited as the proponent of alternative venues including Dallas and New York . Arum hosted two of Pacquaio's fights to the Dallas Cowboy's stadium in front of 50,000 fans . ‘Not me,’ said Arum as soon as Mayweather put pen to contract and he no longer had to muzzle himself for fear of jeopardising what may well become The Half-Billion-Dollar boxing match. ‘Don’t forget that I live here. ‘All the workers in the entertainment and gaming industries, every restaurant and bar owner and all their waiters, every hotel executive and their employees, all the cab drivers and every maintenance man... they’re all my neighbours. ‘Ask yourselves. Am I going to let them down? Am I going to disappoint or upset the folks next door? ‘That would have made life very difficult for me. But on top of that, this fight truly belongs in Las Vegas.’ That is not just sentiment. Arum is a man who deals in hard economic reality. NFL star Tim Tebow visits Manny Pacquiao at training camp at the Wild Card Boxing Club in Los Angeles . Pacquiao talks to trainer Freddie Roach as he continues his training at the Wild Card . He sees the numbers outside the arena – where 16,000 seats priced from $1,500 to $7,500 will treble boxing’s gate record in Nevada to $60 million. He see past the pay-per-view TV returns which alone could generate upwards of $400 million. He sees this single event completing the recovery of the place where he lives from the economic recession which at one point threatened the future of the gaming as well as the boxing capital of the world. Las Vegas has still not managed to attract a US major league sports franchise but Arum says: ‘This fight is three Super Bowls rolled in one.’ He knows it is not only jobs in the short term which the richest fight of all time can secure but the medium term future of the entire city. Every big name in show business has played the Strip – from Frank Sinatra to Elton John, from Barbra Streisand to Celine Dion. So too the great names in boxing – from Muhammad Ali to Mike Tyson, from Sugar Ray Robinson to Sugar Ray Leonard, . Mayweather poses at home as he takes a break from his rigorous training regime . Mayweather is training at his Las Vegas gym as he bids to maintain his unbeaten record . But Arum says: ‘What we have here now is the biggest event in the history of Las Vegas. There will be a hundred thousand or more visitors. Some with tickets for the fight. Another 30,000 watching on closed circuit screens. Others just for the experience and so they can say they were here that night. ‘Hotel rooms are a thousand bucks a night. With all the high rollers you are looking at a casino drop at the tables of hundreds and hundreds of millions.’ Arum has also scotched the rumour of a re-match clause being secretly inserted into the contract,. But if Mayweather-Pacquaio lives up to all the hype, none of those high rollers from all over the world will bet against all concerned grasping the chance to make another half-a-billion. And where might Mayweather-Pacquiao II take place? What happens in Las Vegas, stays in Las Vegas. Kell Brook, who thought he was going to die the night he was stabbed in Tenerife, makes what he knows to be nothing short of a miraculous ring comeback in Sheffield on Saturday night. ‘There was blood everywhere and my whole life passed before my eyes,’ he recalls. These six months after having two muscles and several arteries and tendons severed by a machete, the 28-year-old Brook returns to defending not his very existence but his world welterweight championship. Kell Brook returns to action for the first time since he was stabbed when he takes on Jo Jo Dan on Saturday . Brook meets the challenge of Jo Jo Dan for the IBF title he wrested from Shawn Porter with an outstanding away victory on American soil. This time he has home-town advantage at the Motorpoint Arena. He should handle this opponent with relative comfort, on his way to a bigger test against either Brandon Rios or Mexican legend Juan Manuel Marquez, victory in which should set up the future pay-per-view Battle of Britain with Amir Khan for which he has been agitating. Brook vs Dan will be live on Sky Sports 1 from 7.30 pm on Saturday night. | Floyd Mayweather takes on Manny Pacquiao in Las Vegas on May 2 . Several venues had been mentioned in relation to the mega-fight . New York, the Philippines and Dallas were among those ruled out . Kell Brook defends his world title against Jo Jo Dan on Saturday . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Militants fighting for the Islamic State in Syria and Iraq have issued a new set of rules jihadis must live by - including restrictions on when to utter curses and a ban on women slapping their thighs. A fighter calling himself Abu 'Umar al-Masri, who claims to be based in the terrorists' capital Raqqa, tweeted photographs of flyers containing fatwas imposed on local residents in recent weeks. Providing a unique glimpse in to life under ISIS' brutal and oppressive control, each of the 32 slips of paper - which are headed with the terror group's chilling black and white logo - gives a detailed explanation of various bizarre rules and regulations laid out by ISIS leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi. Among the more unusual commands are orders that men must refrain from swearing while playing billiards or table football, and information on exactly when it is permitted for women dye their eyebrows blonde or carry assault rifles beneath their niqabs. Militants: A fighter calling himself Abu 'Umar al-Masri, who claims to be based in the terrorists' capital Raqqa (pictured), tweeted photographs of flyers containing fatwas imposed on local residents in recent weeks . Dictats: Each of the 32 slips of paper - which are headed with the terror group's chilling black and white logo - gives a detailed explanation of various bizarre rules and regulations laid out by ISIS . Each of the 32 paper fatwas seen in Abu 'Umar al-Masri's tweets last month are numbered and dated, and are written in Arabic. It is understood the 32 fatwas are taken from approximately 70 new rules and regulations issued by the Islamic State in 2015. The letters are written in Arabic and address the city's population, which terror analysis website Jihadica claims proves they are meant for local use, not wider propaganda purposes. The fatwas are unlikely to have been issued by any body other than ISIS' official Sharia Council, to whom even leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi reports. Jihadica claims that this means 30-year-old Bahraini scholar and council leader Turki al-Bin'ali is the likely author. Abu 'Umar al-Masri's tweets show that the list of new rules have been issued in a kind of stapled book and are structured in a question and answer format. Although they pieces of paper are dated using an official Islamic State calender, Jihadica converted the dates to show that they were issued to citizens between December and February this year. Oppressed: Among the more unusual legal explantions is information on exactly when it is permitted for women living under ISIS to dye their eyebrows blonde or carry assault rifles beneath their niqabs . Horror: At times the fatwas make harrowing reading, such as the rule justifying jihadis burning 'unbelievers' to death because the Prophet Mohammed ordered his enemies' eyes to be gouged out with hot iron . The fatwas issued by the Islamic State are highly bureaucratic, demanding fighters hand over one fifth of all money and items looted to the terror group's officials, insisting fighters cannot leave territory under ISIS control under any circumstances, and banning women from showing their eyes. At times they make for harrowing reading, such as the rule justifying jihadis burning 'unbelievers' to death because the Prophet Mohammed ordered his enemies' eyes to be gouged out with hot irons. The bulk of the fatwas deal with administrative matters, such as when citizens are due compensation, how women should ensure they are dressed, and explaining the incredibly strict terms and conditions under which seriously ill women can visit a male doctor. Despite rumours to the contrary having circulated for many months, they fatwas clearly state that the issuing of Islamic State passports is banned as they enable citizens to 'travel to the lands of disbelief' - something expressly forbidden in an earlier dictat. On a lighter note, both billiards and table football are allowed - albeit under strict conditions and with a warning that God does not look particularity favourably on such trivial pursuits. Gambling on matches is, predictably, banned, but so is using table football characters shaped like humans, as the creation of anything imitating humans or animals is banned under ISIS' exceptionally strict interpretation of Islamic law. Fatwa 35: December 11, 2014 . One fifth of all war booty it is to be given to the office of war booty. Fatwa 36: December 11, 2014 . Tax should be levied on agricultural holdings that once belonged to apostates. Fatwa 37: December 16, 2014 . It is not permissible to travel to the lands of the unbelievers - including areas controlled by the Assad regime. Fatwa 38: December 2, 2014 . It permissible to curse by accusing someone of being a disbeliever, but you must never say they are destined for hellfire. Fatwa 40: December 17, 2014 . Women should not wear make-up or show any part of their face, including their eyes, in case lures men into temptation. Fatwa 41: December 17, 2014 . Women can carry weapons such as Kalashnikov rifles under their robes providing they do not add definition to her body, luring men into temptation. Fatwa 42: December 17, 2014 . Female nurses must not work in an office with a male doctor unless they have a male guardian. Fatwa 43: December 17, 2014 . Women must see only female doctors for treatment. If a female doctor cannot be found, then it is permissible to see a male doctor, but on the condition that he not be alone with her. Fatwa 44: December 17, 2014 . Women must cover their entire body in thick, loose fitting material that does not resemble the clothing of men or that of women in the West. They must not slap their thighs or act flirtatiously as it is highly arousing, nor can they wear perfume. Fatwa 45: December 17, 2014 . A woman must travel with a male guardian at all times . Fatwa 46: December 17, 2014 . Women whose husbands have been killed must be punished if they try to leave ISIS-held territory for the lands of the unbelievers. Fatwa 47: December 18, 2014 . The length of time between the call to prayer and the call just before prayer must vary from prayer to prayer, according to the sunnah. Fatwa 48: December 20, 2014 . You must not sell Islamic State passports to allow citizens to travel to the land of unbelievers. Fatwa 49: December 28, 2014 . It is permissible to play billiards providing the game does not allow gambling, encourage cursing, or inhibit the worshiping or God . Fatwah 50: December 28, 2014 . It is permissible to play foosball [table football] providing the game does not allow gambling, encourage cursing, feature characters in human or animal form, or inhibit the worshiping or God. Brutal: The bulk of the fatwas deal with administrative matters, such as how women should dress and explaining the incredibly strict terms and conditions under which seriously ill women can visit a male doctor . Fatwa: Despite rumours to the contrary having circulated for many months, they fatwas clearly state that the issuing of Islamic State passports is banned as they enable citizens to 'travel to the lands of disbelief' One chilling fatwa appears to confirm reports that ISIS operates an organ harvesting scheme. 'It is permissible to transplant the healthy organs of the body of an apostate to the body of a Muslim, in order to save the latter's life or improve his condition if he has lost organs,' the letter states . 'The jurists of the Shafi'i and Hanbali schools of Islamic law, among others, permitted killing belligerent unbelievers or apostates and eating their flesh as a life-saving measure. The case of organ transplantation as a life-saving measure is similar,' it adds. 'Moreover, it is established that the lives and organs of apostates are fundamentally licit. Their organs may thus be taken, whether or not the apostates are alive or already dead, and whether or not doing so results in their death,' it goes on to claim. AK-47 assault rifles, one fatwa insists, are perfectly acceptable to be carried beneath a women's clothes, providing it doesn't add definition to her body that could be deemed tempting to men. Likewise all forms of Western clothing are banned in order not to 'imitate the unbeliever', although the fatwas still feel the need to say it is illegal to sell counterfeit brand-name clothing and household products, as selling fake produce is a form of deceit. One surprising law bans the practice of men swapping sisters or daughters for brides of their own, apparently because it 'does an injustice to the bride'. Instead, ISIS demand, the bride must grant permission for any marriage to take place. The Islamic State cherry picks sections of the Koran and misinterprets the accounts of the Prophet Muhammad in order to wage jihad and sign up new recruits, experts say. It is estimated that 20,000 people have streamed into the territory in Iraq and Syria, where ISIS has proclaimed what it calls a 'caliphate', ruled by its often brutal version of Islamic law. The group purport to recreate the conquests and rule of the Prophet Muhammad and his successors and maintains its worst brutalities - such as beheading captives - only prove its purity in following what it contends is the prophet's example. But now Muslims clerics and other experts are speaking out, saying that the group hand picks what it wants from Islam's holy book, the Koran, and from accounts of Muhammad's actions and sayings, known as the Hadith. An ISIS member parades through the streets of Raqqa in Syria waving an Islamic State flag and brandishing a gun. Experts have now said that ISIS misinterprets the Koran in order to wage jihad . It then misinterprets many of these, while ignoring everything in the texts that contradicts those hand-picked selections. Writings by the group's clerics and its English-language online magazine, Dabiq, are full of citations from Koranic verses, the Hadith and centuries of interpreters, mostly from hardliners. But Joas Wagemakers, an assistant professor of Islamic Studies at Radboud University in the Netherlands, says these are taken far out of context by ISIS. He explained that Muslim scholars throughout history have used texts in a 'decontextualised way' to suit their purposes and says that ISIS represent the extreme. He added: 'It would be a mistake to conclude the Islamic State group's extremism is the true Islam that emerges from the Koran and Hadith. | Militants issue new set of rules for citizens of the Islamic State to live by . Terrorists make sick attempts to justify burning 'unbelievers' to death . Billiards and table football are permitted but only under strict conditions . Women are allowed to carry AK-47s but visiting a male doctor is banned . ISIS also claims that murdering people purely to harvest their organs is perfectly acceptable under Islamic law . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Floyd Mayweather Jnr and Manny Pacquiao will come face-to-face next week for the only time before the week of their $300million mega-fight. Having finally agreed terms to clash in Las Vegas on May 2, the rivals will hold just one press conference, in downtown Los Angeles on March 11. Both men began their official training camps on Monday; Mayweather at his gym in Las Vegas and Pacquiao at Freddie Roach's Wild Card in Los Angeles. Manny Pacquiao trained in the Philippines before jetting to Los Angeles to continue his preparations . Pacquiao watched his basketball team lose on Sunday before flying to Los Angeles to start his camp . The Filipino star posted a video of himself jogging after he had flown in from his homeland over the weekend. Pacquiao must do without legendary trainer Roach until next week as the 54-year-old is preparing for Zou Shiming's first world title fight against Amnat Ruenroeng in Macao on Saturday. But when he returns, Roach will shut down his gym to work on the game plan he has devised. 'I won't tell you what the game plan is because that will be very silent,' he told the South China Morning Post. 'The whole Wildcard Gym [in Los Angeles, where Pacquiao is training] will be shut down and we will work out Manny's best strategy and nobody will watch it.' Mayweather will work with his father and uncle and has already booked the services of former opponent DeMarcus Corley as a sparring partner, according to Fight Hype. Corley troubled Mayweather in their 2004 fight but was knocked down twice before losing a unanimous decision. Mayweather and Pacquiao had not met before they went to the same basketball match in Miami earlier this year. Having exchanged numbers, they later met in Pacquiao's hotel suite to thrash out the details but an official announcement was not made for several weeks. Floyd Mayweather with actor Rob Lowe during a basketball match last weekend . | Floyd Mayweather and Manny Pacquiao to host just one press conference . They will face the press in downtown Los Angeles next Wednesday . That will be the last time they see each other until fight week in May . Mayweather and Pacquiao both started their training camps on Monday . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A New York City club for Republican women is being torn apart by a vitriolic fight after one member accused of board member of saying 'we don't want' lesbians at the exclusive 95-year-old league. Marilyn Thomas sent an email to the 1,000 members of the Women's National Republican Club accusing 72-year-old Irene Marmott of scoffing at the membership of lesbian Republicans. According to Page Six, Ms Thomas accuses Mrs Marmott of declaring: 'We obviously can’t say that but, of course, we don’t want them here.' Irene Marmott, 72, (left) has been accused of saying 'of course we don't want' lesbians at the Women's National Republican Club in New York City by member Marilyn Thomas (right) The Manhattan club was founded by suffragists in 1921 as a way to educate female voters . Mrs Marmott denies making the remark. A lawyer for the club told the Post: 'She has no recollection of saying anything that could be construed as inappropriate.' The club on West 51st Street in Manhattan, charges at $544 initiation fee and $822 a year in dues. Founded in 1921 as a suffragist organization to educate female voters, it lists former First Ladies Barbara Bush, Laura Bush and Nancy Reagan as honorary members - though it refers to them on its website as Mrs George H.W. Bush, Mrs George W. Bush and Mrs Ronald Reagan. Ms Thomas, who works in film, also says Mrs Marmott had scorn for Republican commentator Margaret Hoover, a frequent speaker at the club who is also a prominent gay rights proponent within the GOP. 'Irene said that she had no idea that Margaret was "wrapped up in something like that,'" according to the email. Club dues are $822 a year and the initiation fee is $544. The club on West 51st Street has frequent speakers, a bar and a hotel . Club officials say that the organization is open to all and that there are currently lesbians members. Men are allowed to join as associate members . Ms Thomas called on Mrs Marmott to apologize and resign from the board. The Women's National Republican Club says it has no policy - in fact or in deed - to discriminate against lesbians - or anyone else. 'This club has been in existence for 90 years and welcomes people regardless of creed, color and sexual orientation. We have members who are gay,' Daniel W. Isaacs, the attorney for the organization, told the Post. Men are allowed to join the club as non-voting associate members. Mrs Marmott did not immediately return calls from Daily Mail Online seeking comment. | Member accused board member Irene Marmott of scoffing at lesbian membership of the exclusive New York organization . Mrs Marmott allegedly said: 'We obviously can't say that, but of course, we don't want them here' Mrs Marmott denies making the statements . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | His name is Hulk. Well, look at him - what else would you call him? Weighing twelve and a half stone (175 lbs), he is believed to be the world's largest pit bull. And because he is only 17-months-old, he hasn't stopped growing yet. Proud owners Marlon and Lisa Grennan, from New Hampshire, say their monster pet is 100 per cent trusted with their three-year-old son, Jordan, despite the breed's fierce reputation and even let him ride the animal like a horse. Indeed, photographs show the toddler happily riding on the canine's back, grabbing the collar just behind its 28-inch wide head. While pit bulls are branded 'dangerous' with breeding bans enforced in the UK, Mr Grennan claims they are actually very caring and fit for the family. Scroll down for video . Impossible to miss: The Grennan's dog is almost three-times bigger than a normal American pit bull terrier . Give us a hug: Hulk is just as tall as his handler Frances Cummings . All aboard! Proud owners of the world's biggest pit bull dog have told how their three-year-old child rides the 175lb pooch like a horse . 'These dogs are very balanced and gentle - they are nanny dogs,' he said. 'I don’t think it’s irresponsible for people to have pit bulls and children. They’re dogs just like any other dog. 'No matter what the breed it is, it is hundred per cent how you raise them.' However, Mr Grennan acknowledges that a dog the size of the Hulk 'could kill someone if it was in the wrong situation at the wrong time' and 'snap an arm like a toothpick.' The Grennan's dog is almost three-times bigger than a normal American pit bull terrier. He is also still a puppy meaning he could grow even bigger. Each day he is fed a protein-rich diet consisting of supplements and 4lbs of ground beef. The Grennans believe the bigger the dog, the better. Giddy up: Marlon and Lisa Grennan, from New Hampshire, say their monster pet 'the Hulk’ is 100 per cent trusted with their son, Jordan, despite the breed's fierce reputation . Open wide: Hulk showcases his big teeth as he's taken for a walk . Dinner is served: Each day he is fed a protein-rich diet consisting of supplements and 4lbs of ground beef . Shall we dance? Hulk with Mrs Grennan at home on February 22, 2015 in New Hampshire . Together they run Dark Dynasty K9s, which specialists in breeding some of the world's most fearsome guard dogs. Marlon, a former boxer, formed the company ten years ago with just two dogs, after suffering a hand injury which ended his career. They now own more scores of dogs, many who live in the house with the family on a sprawling 150-acre ranch. These include more than more than a dozen highly trained pit bulls - and a single chihuahua. And while he admits his dogs are trained for aggression and power, he says the criticism is usually from people who lives in safer environments with no need for protection. He added: 'It’s very, very, important what I’m doing. 'I live in New Hampshire where there’s no crime and I don’t have to worry about that kind of stuff. 'But I’ve got clients in Grenada and parts of Africa where there is. I’ve got clients in terrible, terrible places. They don’t live in Candyland, they live in fear. 'And why should somebody else live in fear if they don’t have to. So that’s my job, to try to alleviate somebody else’s fear by giving them a family dog too.' Speaking out: While pit bulls are branded 'dangerous' with breeding bans enforced in the UK, Mr Grennan claims they are actually very caring and fit for the family . Ultimate protection: The Grennans believe the bigger the dog, the better . Going for walkies: Together they run Dark Dynasty K9s, which specialists in breeding some of the world's most fearsome guard dogs . Animal magic: Marlon, a former boxer, formed the company ten years ago with just two dogs, after suffering a hand injury which ended his career - his son (pictured above) has grown up with the pets . | Fearsome hound is bred by U.S. firm specializing in guard dogs . He towers above his owners when standing on his hind legs . The pooch eats four pounds of ground beef every day and will only get bigger as he is only around 17-months-old . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | At the beginning of February 2012, a spate of injuries forced the New York Knicks to promote a little-known basketball player called Jeremy Lin to their starting roster. Lin had looked as though he was destined for a career as a journeyman. He was struggling to make it to the big time. NBA teams had turned their backs on him until the Knicks were forced to give him a chance. Lin, who was struggling financially and sleeping on a friend’s couch, played well in his first match. And his second. And his third. He outscored his more illustrious team-mates. The struggling Knicks embarked on a winning streak. Harry Kane's meteoric rise continued on Friday when he marked his first England game with a goal . Kane headed in England's fourth against Lithuania shortly after replacing Wayne Rooney . Kane's progress is reminiscient of Jeremy Lin's form when he was playing basketball for the New York Knicks . Lin propelled the Knicks to a winning streak but failed to recapture his form after sustaining an injury . By the end of the first week, celebrities were flocking to courtside at Madison Square Garden to catch the buzz. Lin became a phenomenon and the mania that developed around him was given a name: Linsanity. It seemed then that Lin could never again return to ordinariness. But in mid-March, the coach who had given him his chance was fired and Lin sustained a knee injury that ended his season. He was traded to another team in the summer. They offloaded him to the struggling Los Angeles Lakers, where he has also failed to make an impact. He is known now only for his failure to sustain Linsanity. ‘I feel like I’m back to square one,’ he said last week. You get the point? Well, you would have done if you had been at Wembley on Friday night, heard the deafening, rumbling cheer that rolled around the stadium when Harry Kane ran on to make his England debut and witnessed the scenes when, 79 seconds later, he scored with a far-post header. This is English football’s Linsanity. In the middle of what is, in many ways, a fairly unremarkable domestic football season, we have become caught up in our very own intoxicating, uplifting kind of madness. ‘It’s nice when fairytales come true,’ said the England manager Roy Hodgson afterwards, beaming into the camera. Kane beamed, too. ‘It’s the start that I dreamed of,’ he said. The Lithuania manager, Igoris Pankratjevas, described the Spurs forward as a ‘sniper’. Even Wayne Rooney, whose limelight had been stolen by the 21-year-old, seemed a little breathless. ‘It’s incredible really,’ Rooney said of Kane’s impact. ‘You can feel the excitement all around the country.’ And so a kid who looked like he might be heading for a career in the lower divisions is suddenly taking our league, and now our national team, by storm. What is unfolding in front of us seems so wonderfully unlikely that it has reached the point where it is scarcely credible. Late on Friday night, the BBC displayed a map of the world showing where social media reaction to Kane’s goal had been at its height. The yellow dots showing maximum interaction were spread from England to Indonesia to Mexico to Japan and Brazil. Wayne Rooney (right) praised Kane's impact with Tottenham and now at international level . Kane wheels away to celebrate scoring for England against Lithuania at Wembley on Friday . Kane was sent on loan to a number of football league sides before breaking through to the Tottenham side . This is a kid who was shunted around the lower leagues to Leyton Orient, Millwall, Norwich and Leicester while Spurs tried to work out what to do with him and whether he was good enough to make the grade with them. This is a kid, an English kid, a local north London kid, whose meteoric rise has coincided with immigration leaping to the top of the political agenda and concerns about the proliferation of foreign players and owners in our leagues. When Spurs fans sing that Kane is ‘one of our own’, their boast represents not just a celebration of his talent but a lament for a time when they could identify more closely with the players they were watching. In an age where teams are being taken away from the fans, Kane represents a reconnection. The mania that has grown around him is a warning that there are those who harbour misgivings about the cosmopolitan make-up of the Premier League. Riding along on Kane’s coat-tails, FA chairman Greg Dyke has quickly and adroitly tapped into those fears and prejudices and seized the moment to propose that every Premier League club should have 12 home-grown players in its 25-man squad. Kane is at the centre of all this but as he walked triumphantly from the pitch on Friday night, the next question is how long can he maintain this trajectory? Is this his natural orbit, is he here to stay or is this, like Linsanity, some brief enchantment? The media, of course, is already being accused of building a kid up just so it can knock him down but Kane is fortunate that in his club boss, Mauricio Pochettino, and Hodgson, he has two managers who will shepherd him wisely. ‘We’re not going to hold him back,’ said Hodgson. ‘There’s no question of that. But on the other hand, I am rather hoping I have got Harry Kane for a long period to come and I don’t want to be the one who throws him in and he flies too close to the sun.’ Did the England manager give any thought to the idea that Kane might fall back into the shadows? ‘I suppose when someone has shone quite so brilliantly, that is always in the back of your mind,’ Hodgson said. ‘But I have got to say that from what I have seen of him, from what I know of the apprenticeship he has already served, when I look at the qualities he possesses as a football player, I have got no fears in that respect. I don’t believe it will happen. Roy Hodgson believes that Kane will be able to maintain his astonishing standard of form . Kane is in line to feature for England in a friendly against Italy in Turin on Tuesday . England manager Hodgson is pleased with how Kane is being handled at Tottenham by Mauricio Pochettino . ‘I still think it is prudent for Mauricio Pochettino and myself, as the England manager, not to stand here in front of you singing his praises. You are singing his praises enough, so just allow me to dampen them down a little bit.’ It probably won’t do much good. The Kane Train is setting off for Turin on Tuesday, full steam ahead. Whether this is all Linsanity or whether, as we all hope, it is something more substantial and lasting, we will soon find out. | Harry Kane scored on his England debut after 79 seconds on Friday . Kane's goal is another landmark in an incredible rise from the striker . He is set to feature in England's friendly against Italy on Tuesday . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Tottenham defender Eric Dier has been ruled out of the England Under 21 international against Czech Republic through injury. Dier suffered a black eye in Spurs' 4-3 win over Leicester on Saturday and the area has swollen up badly. The Football Association announced on Monday that the 21-year-old would remain with the north London club for assessment this week. Eric Dier suffered a whack to the face during Tottenham's 4-3 win against Leicester on Saturday . Dier flicked on a Spurs corner to set up Harry Kane for the opening goal at White Hart Lane . West Bromwich Albion striker Saido Berahino has also been ruled out through injury . Middlesbrough striker Patrick Bamford, on loan from Chelsea, has withdrawn from the Under 21 sqaud . Dier will therefore miss Friday's friendly in Prague, but he could return for the Young Lions' match against Germany at Middlesbrough three days later. The FA also revealed Boro's on-loan Chelsea striker Patrick Bamford and Bournemouth forward Callum Wilson had withdrawn from Gareth Southgate's squad for the double-header through injury. West Brom's Saido Berahino was also ruled out with a foot problem over the weekend so Southgate has called up Fulham striker Cauley Woodrow instead. | Eric Dier got a whack in the face during Tottenham's 4-3 win over Leicester . Defender will remain with club and miss England U21 friendly on Friday . Dier could return for Young Lions' match against Germany three days later . Patrick Bamford, Callum Wilson and Saido Berahino have also withdrawn . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | The first two-footed challenge went in from Jose Mourinho when he claimed Paris Saint-Germain’s kickers were a refined version of Shrewsbury Town. It was a razor-sharp comment, designed to rile the French champions and put down a marker for Dutch referee Bjorn Kuipers ahead of the second leg. Sometimes this stuff bites you on the backside. Mourinho will be picking the bones out of this for days because they were beaten at their own petty game by the perseverance of this PSG team. Zlatan Ibrahimovic was dismissed for this tackle on Oscar, leaving PSG without their talisman . Chelsea players react as referee Kuipers pulls the red card from his pocket . The crestfallen Swede was shown a straight red to light the touchpaper on a tetchy European tie . There was a minor victory for Chelsea, with the foul count showing that Mourinho’s team had committed 24 to the visitors’ 17 at the end of 120 chaotic minutes here at Stamford Bridge. The reality is that they were beaten at their own game. For PSG to do it with 10 men in extra-time, after the ludicrous dismissal of Zlatan Ibrahimovic in the 32nd minute, is an even mightier achievement. The PSG striker pointed at his battle scars as he left the pitch, well aware that the reaction of Chelsea’s players to the collision with Oscar had helped Kuipers with the decision. ‘I spoke to him and he told me he didn’t mean it,’ admitted Mourinho. The pair are close from his time at Inter. After surrounding Kuipers, Chelsea’s players called for the physio and team doctor to sprint on to tend to the stricken Oscar. Predictably, within minutes, he was back on his feet. It is to Ibrahimovic’s credit that he left the field with dignity and composure, walking towards the tunnel and ignoring the clamour from the stands for a reaction. ‘When the red card happened, the worst thing was the Chelsea players — I felt there were 11 babies around me,’ admitted an understandably aggrieved Ibrahimovic. David Luiz engaged in some gamesmanship, attempting to get Costa in trouble . Jose Mourinho chats with former charge David Luiz after Ibrahimovic's sending off as Laurent Blanc looks on . It was a brutal but fair assessment of the moment that could easily have turned this tie in Chelsea’s favour. There were feuds everywhere: David Luiz versus Diego Costa, Chelsea’s substitute keeper Petr Cech versus PSG midfielder Marco Verratti, Verratti against the world. At every turn, someone, somewhere on the field at Stamford Bridge was rowing with somebody. Costa could start a fight in an empty phone box, never mind an 18-yard box, gnawing away at everyone and everything during an ill-disciplined performance up top for Chelsea. This guy is really stewing at the minute. He has gone a season without scoring in the Champions League and will have to wait until September to get going again in this competition. Luiz got inside his head, jabbering away at him in their native Brazilian-Portuguese tongue in an attempt to destabilise the forward. Costa, as we know, has only mastered one language. The Chelsea striker should have been sent off here — several times, as it happens — for his innumerable transgressions. He really is an angry man. David Luiz feels the force of retribution from Diego Costa after the pair regularly crashed at Stamford Bridge . An outraged Costa reacts histrionically after Kuipers waved away his penalty appeal . In the same motion he could have been booked and sent off when he caught Maxwell from behind close to the touchline of the East Stand and then appeared to accept the challenge from Luiz to graze his forehead. He escaped with a yellow card. There was another escape, this time when he shoved over the excellent Marquinhos in a fit of pique. Quite how he survived is a story in itself. He lives life on the edge, claiming he had been elbowed by Luiz in a hit-and-run job. It was an off-the-ball incident, retribution by the former Chelsea defender after he had collided with the pugnacious forward earlier in the first half. He was throwing punches a few moments later, hitting the ground repeatedly after he was denied a clear penalty when Edinson Cavani took him out as he made his way into the area. These are the fine lines of European football, with every challenge, skirmish and wrangle potentially punishable with an on-the-spot sanction from these notoriously pernickity officials. John Terry battles for the ball with Edinson Cavani as the duo battle for possession at Stamford Bridge . Costa falls to the turf after a challenge from Thiago Silva during a bad-tempered affair in west London . Mourinho convinced us that Blanc had put the French champions on a diet of raw meat ahead of this second leg. This will eat away at him for months to come. ‘I need to go away and think about how this happened,’ admitted Mourinho. Perhaps next time, he should keep both feet on the floor. | Chelsea were beaten at their own petty game by the perseverance of this PSG side . For PSG to prevail with 10 men, after the ridiculous dismissal of Zlatan Ibrahimovic in the 32nd minute, was an amazing achievement . There were feuds everywhere: David Luiz versus Diego Costa; Chelsea’s substitute keeper Petr Cech versus PSG midfielder Marco Verratti . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A year after retail marijuana stores opened in Colorado, sales hit nearly $700million as 17 tons of the recreational buds were bought by consumers in the state's first year of full legalization. However sales for medicinal pot still outstripped the recreational sales by almost 50 tons, according to officials. In its first annual report, it was revealed that 49.7 tons (109,578 pounds) of medical marijuana flowers were sold in 2014, while 17.5 tons (38,660 pounds) were sold in the retail market, said the Colorado Department of Revenue's Marijuana Enforcement Division. A year after retail marijuana stores opened in Colorado, 17 tons of the recreational buds were bought by consumer (above Tyler Williams of Blanchester, Ohio selects marijuana strains from the 3-D Denver Discrete Dispensary in December 2014) In its first annual report, it was revealed that 109,578 pounds (49.7 tons) of medical marijuana flowers were sold in 2014, while 38,660 pounds (17.5 tons) were sold on the retail market, said the Colorado Department of Revenue's Marijuana Enforcement Division . Sales hit nearly $700 million last year, with medical marijuana accounting for $386million and recreational pot bringing in $313million. But recreational sales of pot-infused edible products, such as candies and cookies, outstripped medical sales by about 2.85million units to 1.96million, according to the report. In total, 4.81million units of edible marijuana were sold - which would equal giving one edible to almost every resident in Colorado, according to 9News. In a national first, voters in Colorado and Washington state opted to legalize recreational marijuana use by adults in landmark twin ballots in 2012, and the first retail stores opened in Colorado on January 1, 2014. States such as Oregon and Alaska, which have now also voted to legalize recreational pot as well as others where lawmakers face proposals to do so, are watching the Colorado results closely. Recreational sales of pot-infused edible products, such as candies and cookies, outstripped medical sales by about 2.85million units to 1.96million, according to the report (above a info-graphic created illustrating the findings from the report) Findings also showed that 322 retail stores were licensed at the end of the year, up from about 200 six months earlier, while 833 licenses were issued to retail businesses in general, and 1,416 medical marijuana businesses were approved by the state. It said medical businesses were cultivating around 300,000 marijuana plants on average each month during 2014, while the number of retail plants rose steadily from fewer than 25,000 in January to nearly 217,000 during December. The report noted that more than twice as many Colorado jurisdictions had 'completely opted out' of allowing either retail or medicinal pot businesses to operate than had permitted them. The state's marijuana laws have been challenged in federal court by neighboring Nebraska and Oklahoma, which argue weed is smuggled across their borders. Some Colorado residents said the pot industry has hurt their families, businesses or property values . Sixty-seven jurisdictions allow medical and retail licensees, 21 permit only medical, and five only retail, while 228 jurisdictions prohibit them both. The state's marijuana laws have been challenged in federal court by neighboring Nebraska and Oklahoma, which argue weed is smuggled across their borders. Some Colorado residents said the pot industry has hurt their families, businesses or property values. Supporters said voters have chosen to take the trade out of the hands of criminals, and a Quinnipiac University Poll this week showed that 58 percent of Colorado residents support marijuana legalization, versus 38 percent against it. | Medical marijuana accounted for $386million of sales and recreational pot brought in $313million in 2014, according to annual report . 49.7 tons of medical marijuana flowers were sold, while 4.81million units of edible marijuana were purchased last year . Voters in Colorado and Washington opted to legalize recreational marijuana use by adults in landmark twin ballots in 2012 . First retail stores opened in Colorado on January 1, 2014 . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | An own goal and late strike from Dominic Solanke booked Chelsea a place in the semi-finals of the UEFA Youth League as Atletico Madrid were swept aside at the club’s Cobham training base. John Terry stayed behind after training to watch on the sideline as the teenagers showed Chelsea’s first team how to progress in Europe ahead of their Champions League last-16 second leg match at home to PSG on Wednesday. Adi Viveash’s team could now face an intriguing all-English last four encounter with Manchester City at UEFA’s headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland, if Patrick Vieira’s young charges win away to Roma next week. John Terry (left, next Steve Holland) was among the crowd to watch Chelsea Under 19s take on Atletico . Andreas Christensen keeps posession under pressure from Atletico Madrid's Andres Mohedano . Jeremie Boga (right) and Tete Morente tussle for the ball in midfield during the game on Tuesday . Boga can't manage to nip the ball away from Mohedano in a niggly exchange at Cobham . Chelsea U19: Collins, Dasilva, Aina, Christensen, Tomori, Clarke-Salter, Boga, Colkett, Abraham, Brown, Solanke . Subs: Thompson, Suljic, Musonda, Sammutt, Palmer, Ugbo, Kiwomya . Goals: Manzanara (OG), Solanke . Atletico Madrid U19: Marín, Hernandez, Otia, Diedhiou, Mohedano, Manzanara, Afagh, Mendiondo, Morente, Nunez . Subs: Perez, Rodriguez, Montoro, Spoljaric, Prieto, Altamirano, Gama . Goals: Nil . After a tight opening half, the Blues finally broke the resistance of their Spanish opponents after 38 minutes when defender Fran Manzanara could only guide Izzy Brown’s effort into the net. They then mounted a Jose Mourinho-esque rearguard action to keep their opponents at bay through the second period before Solanke struck on the counter-attack to settle it two minutes from time. Atletico had eliminated Arsenal in the previous round and arrived in sunny Surrey seeking to pile the misery on another English opponent. Viveash was taking no chances, fielding a full-strength team containing Brown and Solanke, both tipped by Mourinho for bright futures, the talented Frenchman Jeremie Boga and England under-19 star Charlie Colkett. Charlie Colkett (left) finds himself shielding the ball from Saeid Ezatolahi Afagh . After a quiet start in which both teams tested one another out, Chelsea had the first chance on 25 minutes when Boga sent a free-kick spiralling over Carlos Marin’s crossbar. Just when it appeared the opening 45 would end without score, Brown broke free down the left channel and outpaced the Atletico defence. Colkett found him with the ideal through ball and Brown directed it past the goalkeeper. With Andreas Christensen charging in to make sure, the under-pressure Manzanara got an unfortunate final touch to help it in. Brown will certainly want to claim the goal, his third goal of this season’s European campaign. Atletico were much improved after the break, dictating the tempo and starting the create opening. Amath Diedhiou, who scored the last 16 winner against Arsenal, fired in a near post effort that Bradley Collins diverted around the post. Victor Mendiondo (left) wins a header for the Spanish side, while Dominic Solanke rose highest (right) Shortly afterwards, Matija Spoljaric sent a bouncing shot narrowly wide as Chelsea’s goal came under threat. But their defence refused to be breached and, in classic Chelsea style, they grabbed a second on the break in the dying moments. Christensen, playing in midfield rather than his normal defensive position, showed his creative instincts with a fine pass to Solanke and the England under 18 international applied the finish. Remarkably, it is his ninth goal in the Youth League this season. Chelsea are the first to book their place in the semi-finals, which take place across the road from UEFA’s headquarters in Nyon on April 10. The final will be staged at the same venue three days later. Terry high-fives Didier Drogba as the Chelsea veterans share a laugh during training on Tuesday . The Chelsea defender stretches out as his side prepare for their second leg last-16 Champions League clash . | Chelsea legend John Terry on the sideline in support of the young Blues . Fran Manzanara's own goal and Dominic Solanke's late strike sealed result . Chelsea U19 now face Manchester City or Roma in the semi-final . Terry watched after training ahead of Chelsea's last-16 clash with PSG . |
Who won a gold medal alongside Waters in the coxed four? | A member of the Hamilton Rowing Club, Waters began rowing as a 17-year-old. In 1929 he was a member of the Hamilton four that won the national championship. In March of the following year, he participated in a trial race for selection of the New Zealand team to compete at the 1930 British Empire Games in Hamilton, Ontario, but was not initially chosen for the 12-man squad. However, he was included in the final squad selected in late June, and competed in both the men's eight and coxed four at the 1930 Empire Games. He won a gold medal in the coxed four, alongside Mick Brough, Jack Macdonald, Bert Sandos, and Arthur Eastwood (cox), and a silver medal in the eights, finishing three-quarters of a boat length behind the victorious English crew. | Mick Brough, Jack Macdonald, Bert Sandos, and Arthur Eastwood won a gold medal alongside Waters in the coxed four. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Javier Mascherano has admitted Barcelona had trouble 'behind the scenes' at the start of the year. Barcelona's first game in 2015 ended in a 1-0 defeat against David Moyes's Real Sociedad with Lionel Messi starting on the bench following a reported disagreement with Luis Enrique in training. But Barca are currently top La Liga after their win over Real Madrid on Sunday and Mascherano feels they are back to their best. Javier Mascherano has admitted Barcelona had trouble 'behind the scenes' at the start of the year . Mascherano, pictured hugging Lionel Messi after beating Real Madrid, feels they are back to their best . 'We started the year with difficulties, with the defeat at Anoeta, which left us four points behind Real Madrid,' Mascherano told TyC Sports. 'Things weren't so good behind the scenes. 'The team seemed to have doubts. But this situation has now disappeared. This is the situation we live in. The demands at Barcelona are massive and it's not easy to meet them.' And Mascherano is refusing to rule out the threat that Real pose, despite their 2-1 win. 'Now we're four points ahead of Real Madrid. But this could always be turned on its head. The best thing is to always focus on the next game,' he said. 'Clasicos are difficult games, against opponents that push you to the limit, that are as good as our team. You need to try your hardest for every minute of the game, and that's what helped us to win. That's why we got the result we did. 'We're aware that we didn't beat Real Madrid with our best football. Barcelona always like to win, and especially to be better in a footballing sense, over and above the result.' Mascherano is refusing to rule out the threat that Real pose, despite their 2-1 win over their great rivals . | Barcelona beat Real Madrid 2-1 at the Nou Camp in La Liga . Barca are currently top of La Liga after a tricky start to 2015 . Javier Mascherano says their trouble 'behind the scenes' has disappeared . READ: Barcelona are in charge of their own destiny . CLICK HERE for all the latest Barcelona news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | West Brom boss Tony Pulis admits he takes great pride in Stoke's success under Mark Hughes because his successor is reaping the benefits of his own work at the Britannia Stadium. Pulis welcomes his former club to the Black Country on Saturday hoping to break Stoke's 100 per cent winning record at The Hawthorns. While the Baggies head into the match on the back of two frustrating defeats to local rivals Aston Villa in league and cup action, Stoke are looking for a fourth successive win and sit eighth in the Barclays Premier League. Tony Pulis admits he takes pride in seeing Stoke's success in the Premier League this season . While Pulis stopped short of claiming the credit for Stoke's current success, the Welshman was happy to point out his influence in their squad. 'The great thing for me about the club is that you leave it in a condition where it can grow and grow and get better,' he said. 'Look at the players who are there, the backbone of that football club, like Glenn Whelan, Ryan Shawcross, Asmir Begovic, Steven N'Nonzi, Peter Crouch, Jon Walters, just a few to mention. 'Marc Wilson, Geoff Cameron, wonderful people and wonderful professionals, and it's really nice when you take over a club with all good professionals like that.' He added: 'How many players has Mark brought in? 'I don't know but the majority of the lads who were there before still seem to be picked week-in week-out, that's testament to them as individuals to win over a new manager. Pulis takes credit for the 'backbone' of the Stoke side, which includes Ryan Shawcross (above) 'Glenn Whelan and Ryan Shawcross are the only ones who were there when we got promoted from the Championship. 'They've been brilliant. And they've been brilliant for the football club.' Albion have doubts over strikers Saido Berahino, Brown Ideye and Victor Anichebe for the clash. Berahino and Ideye have been playing through the pain barrier recently while Anichebe has a groin problem. Winger Callum McManaman has a foot injury which boss Tony Pulis has decided to rest for a few weeks. Saido Berahino (centre) is a doubt for West Brom's Premier League clash against Stoke . | Tony Pulis takes some credit for Stoke's Premier League success . Pulis is proud of the players he produced while at the Britannia . West Brom face Premier League clash against on Sunday . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A grandmother was left shaking with worry after being sent an energy bill demanding more than £9,000 - despite her really only owing her energy supplier £59. Margaret Corey, 72, was sent a letter by British Gas claiming they were planning on taking the huge sum from her bank account within days. She was told she owed more than £8,000 for gas and over £1,000 for electricity - 150 times more than the amount she actually had to pay. Margaret Corey was left shocked after she received two bills from British Gas for a total of £9,000 . Mrs Corey, from Fulwood, Lancashire, said: 'It said I owed £8,047 for gas and another £1,259 for electricity and that it would be taken out of my account on March 9. 'I was in total shock. For an OAP who lives on her own like me, it's enough to make you ill. Luckily I have a good neighbour who I went to see.' Mrs Corey said she 'couldn't stop shaking' after opening the letter, that outlined how her direct debit arrangement had changed after she'd agreed to a new tariff. When she called British Gas to inquire about the amount, she was told her combined bill should actually be £59. She said: 'The man I spoke to just said that it was a blip. He said that there's quite a few, and its worrying that he was so calm about it. 'I'm worried about other people who have got these mistakes and how they will feel.' Mrs Corey said she feared the money would automatically be taken out of her account after getting the letter . She added: 'And what if people don't check things like I do and British Gas try to take all that money out of their bank? 'Not many people will have that kind of cash in their account, so the payment won't go through, and that could cause all kinds of long-lasting problems.' A spokeswoman for British Gas said it was an isolated error. Leigh Francis said: 'When Mrs Corey contacted us about her energy tariff we set up her payment plan incorrectly. 'We've now put this right and have apologised to Mrs Corey for the distress and inconvenience and offered her a gesture of goodwill.' | Energy giant set up grandmother's payment plan incorrectly on phone . She was then sent a bill for £8,000 for gas and £1,000 for electricity . The 72-year-old said she couldn't stop shaking after getting letter . She feared money would automatically be taken out of her bank account . British Gas have now corrected the problem and apologised . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Newcastle United have just three fit defenders ahead of Wednesday’s visit of Manchester United. The Magpies have confirmed that left back Massadio Haidara will miss the game after picking up a knee injury during Saturday’s 1-0 victory over Aston Villa. Midfielder Ryan Taylor is set to deputise after replacing the stricken Frenchman at the weekend. Ryan Taylor looks set to start against Manchester United after Massadio Haidara sustained a knee injury . Taylor (centre) has made just four Premier League appearances since the start of the season . Haidara had to be carried off on a stretcher during Newcastle's 1-0 win against Aston Villa . Head coach John Carver is already without Steven Taylor and Paul Dummett, while Davide Santon and Mapou Yanga-Mbiwa were allowed to leave the club in January. And he said: ‘We thought Haidara might be available but he's got a bit of fluid on the knee and has been for an injection, so he almost certainly won’t make it. ‘We're short of defenders and we've not got many possibilities, so Ryan comes into contention and he filled that role very well the other day. ‘But with another injury I'll have to start to try pulling rabbits out of a hat.’ When asked if he had been left short by the club’s failure to bring in January reinforcements, Carver said: ‘The squad itself is big enough, we've just been so unfortunate with these injuries. ‘You normally have three or four of these long-term injuries per season, but we've had more than that with nine already. ‘Our squad at the start of the season was in a healthy position, the only thing you can do is go into the out-of-contract market and it might be something we look at, but not yet.’ Papiss Cisse will be hoping to add to his first-half winner against Aston Villa when he faces Man United . John Carver is all smiles as he puts his players through their paces ahead of Wednesday's match . | Newcastle's Ryan Taylor looks set to replace the injured Massadio Haidara . Haidara will miss game after picking up a knee injury against Aston Villa . John Carver believes his side have been 'unfortunate' with injuries . |
Given a reference text about Chadwick, Illinois, tell me median family income and the percent of families below the poverty line. | Chadwick is a village in Carroll County, Illinois, United States. The population was 481 at the 2020 census, down from 551 at the 2010 census.
Geography
Chadwick is located at 42°0′51″N 89°53′21″W (42.014081, -89.889078).
According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Chadwick has a total area of 0.31 square miles (0.80 km2), all land.
Demographics
As of the 2020 census there were 481 people, 256 households, and 163 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,546.62 inhabitants per square mile (597.15/km2). There were 246 housing units at an average density of 791.00 per square mile (305.41/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 96.67% White, 0.42% African American, 0.62% Asian, and 2.29% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.49% of the population.
There were 256 households, out of which 30.86% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.95% were married couples living together, 5.08% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.33% were non-families. 31.25% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.55% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 2.07.
The village's age distribution consisted of 15.5% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 19.2% from 25 to 44, 35.5% from 45 to 64, and 23.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 128.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 125.8 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $50,000, and the median income for a family was $57,039. Males had a median income of $36,908 versus $25,652 for females. The per capita income for the village was $27,324. About 3.7% of families and 4.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.0% of those under age 18 and 3.2% of those age 65 or over. | The median family income in Chadwick, Illinois is $57,039 and about 3.7% of families live below the poverty line. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Billy Beane, the baseball guru behind the Moneyball philosophy, has been hired by Dutch club AZ Alkmaar. Beane, 52, who was played by Brad Pitt in the film about Moneyball and inspired Liverpool and Boston Red Sox owner John W Henry, is general manager at Oakland Athletics. AZ Alkmaar general director and former professional baseballer Robert Eenhoorn said AZ 'was already very interested in the Moneyball principle before I got here.' Oakland Athletics general manager Billy Beane has been hired as an advisor to Dutch club AZ Alkmaar . Brad Pitt's character in the film Moneyball was based on Beane and his pioneering recruitment strategy . Beane's 'Moneyball' strategy has inspired Liverpool and Boston Red Sox owner John W Henry . 'I have known Billy for a while, because of my history in baseball,' said Eenhoorn, who played four seasons of Major League Baseball with the Yankees and the Angels. 'When we approached him for this role with AZ, he was immediately enthusiastic. 'He has been able to close the gap with the big-market teams, by being innovative. We are very excited and look forward to working with him. Billy will give his advice from the States and he will visit Alkmaar a few times a year.' Beane was ranked 29th on Joel Sherman’s 'The 50 Most Fascinating Figures in Baseball' for his sometimes mind-boggling but always fascinating approach to the baseball transfer window. AZ Alkmaar currently sit fourth in the Dutch Eredivisie after Friday's 3-1 defeat by Vitesse . AZ Alkmaar general director Robert Eenhoorn knows bean from his days as a professional baseballer . He attracted headlines this off-season for trading away All-Stars such as third basemen Josh Donaldson, catcher Derek Norris and right-handed pitcher Jeff Samardzija. 'I am truly excited for the opportunity to be part of AZ Alkmaar in an advisory role,' Beane said. 'Despite being a great football club with a storied history, they face many of the challenges we have with the Oakland A’s. My love for football and AZ’s vision of the future of the club made this an attractive pursuit.' AZ Alkmaar sit fourth in the Eredivisie. | Oakland Athletic general manager Billy Beane to work with AZ Alkmaar . Billy will give advice from the US and visit Alkmaar 'a few times a year' Brad Pitt's lead character in the hit film Moneyball is based on Beane . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Manuel Pellegrini has told James Milner to meet Manchester City halfway as their contract negotiations continue to drag on. The England midfielder, who joined the club from Aston Villa for £26million in 2010, is stalling over a new deal with the Premier League champions and his future at the Etihad appears to be increasingly uncertain. Milner, 29, is reluctant to commit to what could be the last big contract of his career while he still has concerns over his first-team opportunities at City. He will be a free agent in the summer and has been linked with Arsenal and Liverpool, as well as a number of clubs in Italy and Spain. James Milner is a versatile and popular member of City's squad but talks of a new deal have hit the rocks . Pellegrini had been hopeful that Milner’s situation would be resolved by now but seemed less optimistic when asked about it on Friday. The City boss indicated that the ball is in Milner’s court and the club are unlikely to improve their offer. ‘I don’t have any news about James Milner,’ he said. ‘To decide to sign a contract you need both parties to agree it. We will see what happens from now until the end of the season. Manuel Pellegrini has asked Milner to meet the club in the middle after the factions have reached an impasse . ‘Maybe City have already offered all that the club can offer. Maybe it’s not about more money, maybe there are different things to sign a new contract. ‘You must ask James what is happening with him. I hope he will find an arrangement, but you cannot talk about City only.’ | Milner is stalling over a new deal and will be a free agent in summer . Arsenal, Liverpool and clubs in Italy and Spain are interested . The England international joined in a £26m deal from Aston Villa in 2010 . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)"Cinderella," the latest live-action retelling of a classic, sparkled like a glass slipper in its opening weekend, with an estimated debut of $70.1 million. That's well above expectations of $50 to 60 million, and it tops last year's $69.4 million opening for "Maleficent," another take on the classic fairy tale, which featured Angelina Jolie and a darker tone. This version, however is sweetness and light, thanks to veteran director Kenneth Branagh. Small-screen stars Lily James ("Downton Abbey") and Richard Madden ("Game of Thrones") play Ella and her Prince, who overcome personal grief and uncertainty with courage and goodness. Oscar winner Cate Blanchett provides venom as the wicked stepmother. Reviews for "Cinderella" have been strong, with a current Rotten Tomatoes rating of 83%. Disney timed the release well: It's been more than a month since a family film hit theaters (if you can call the "SpongeBob" sequel a "family" film), and some American school districts just began spring break. Liam Neeson's latest thriller, "Run All Night," opened in a very soft second place. Neeson has been a solid draw since he reinvented himself as an action star six years ago with "Taken," but "Run All Night" debuted even more weakly than last year's dismal "A Walk Among the Tombstones." This time out, he plays a former hit man whose family is targeted by his old boss, played by Ed Harris -- but it seems people would rather see Neeson attack and fight than run. In limited release, the critically acclaimed horror thriller "It Follows" made $163,000 in just four theaters, far and away the weekend's best per-theater average. Among returning films, Colin Firth and "Kingsman: The Secret Service" shone the brightest, topping the $100 million mark in total domestic grosses and actually rising a spot on the chart, while last weekend's winner, "Chappie," and runner-up, "Focus," duked it out for fourth place. Next weekend, Shailene Woodley returns in the young adult action sequel "The Divergent Series: Insurgent," while Sean Penn tries the action genre with Idris Elba and Javier Bardem in "The Gunman." | Live-action retelling of "Cinderella" has an estimated box office debut of $70.1 million . Liam Neeson's latest thriller, "Run All Night," opens in soft second place . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Manny Pacquiao has claimed his predicted defeat of Floyd Mayweather in the pair’s $300million mega-fight on May 2 would be a boost for their sport. ‘Beating Floyd is good for boxing,’ the Filipino superstar said, referring to Mayweather’s long-running dominance and money-flaunting lifestyle. ‘When athletes have great success, their success goes to their head. That is bad for boxing.’ Manny Pacquiao on the PR trail with Stephen A. Smith from ESPN First Take, on which he continued to issue some fighting words to Floyd Mayweather ahead of their May 2 mega-fight . Manny Pacquiao, here during his training camp in Los Angeles, says he will 'easily' beat Floyd Mayweather . After dishing out some fighting words on Tuesday, Pacquiao works the heavy bag at Wild Card Boxing Club . Pacquiao, a resounding underdog for the May 2 showdown at Las Vegas’s MGM Grand, has come out fighting long before the bell saying Mayweather’s fights put him to sleep and urging the master tactician to fight aggressively. The 36-year-old’s confident jibes come even before the pair face-off in Los Angeles for their only joint press conference in the lead-up to the fight. ‘I'm here to prove that I can easily beat the undefeated,’ Pacquiao said on ESPN in comments shared by his minders on Twitter. Pacquiao and Mayweather come face-to-face on Wednesday night in their only pre-fight press conference . ‘I am very happy that Floyd Mayweather and I can give the fans the fight they have wanted for so many years.’ Pacquiao, boxing’s only eight-division world champion, added his nimble feet and combinations will give him the edge over the American with an imposing 47-0 record, and that his bouts against Miguel Cotto and Oscar De La Hoya instilled more fear in him. ‘My footwork and hand combinations will be my advantage,’ he said. ‘I tell you Cotto and Margarito punch hard. This is boxing and its about punches.’ | Manny Pacquiao and Floyd Mayweather meet in Las Vegas on May 2 . Pac-Man said Mayweather's immense success has gone to his head . Filipino said he wanted to 'prove that I can easily beat the undefeated' Freddie Roach: Pacquiao to train with 'secret sparring partner' from Floyd Mayweather's gym . CLICK HERE for all the latest Mayweather vs Pacquiao news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | The expectation on the Willie Mullins stable may have been immense but the Irish champion trainer delivered with interest as two more winners on the final day took his haul to a record eight. The tally eclipsed the previous record set by Nicky Henderson three years ago. The only real surprise with the final-day brace was that Vincent O’Brien County Hurdle winner Wicklow Brave, a third winner at the meeting for jockey Paul Townend, was allowed to start at 25-1 as the gelding sauntered home by eight lengths from Sort It Out. Killultagh Vic (left) with Luke Dempsey on board, pipped Noble Endeavour on a photo finish to win on Friday . Willie Mullins has set the record for the most ever wins at the Cheltenham Festival with eight this week . Wicklow Brave had become Mullins' seventh win of the Cheltenham Festival earlier in the day . Paul Townend celebrates with Willie Mullins (left) after Wicklow Brave's victory . Tuesday: . Douvan 2/1F Sky Bet Supreme Novices' Hurdle . Un De Sceaux 4/6F Racing Post Arkle Challenge Trophy Chase . Faugheen 4/5F Stan James Champion Hurdle Challenge Trophy . Glens Melody 6/1 OLBG Mares' Hurdle . Wednesday: . Don Poli 13/8F RSA Chase . Thursday: . Vautour 6/4F JLT Novices' Chase . Friday: . Wicklow Brave 25/1 Vincent O'Brien County Handicap Hurdle . Killultagh Vic 7/1 Martin Pipe Jockeys' Handicap Hurdle . It was harder work for Killultagh Vic, the Luke Dempsey-ridden 7-1 shot in the Martin Pipe Conditional Jockeys Handicap Hurdle as he edged home by a head from Noble Endevour. Mullins said: 'It's been fantastic. 'It's so hard and competitive, but we've had such a fantastic spring. We've had no sickness with any of the horses and we've had a great preparation.' The trainer was full of praise for Dempsey, who rode brilliantly to hold on to the final win under huge pressure. 'I thought Luke gave him a great ride,' Mullins said. 'He was beaten and then he pulled it out of the fire. 'It's his first ride for me, as far as I can remember. He was available last week so I booked him. Mullins finished off the meeting as he started. His bookie clobbering four-timer on day one was headed by Champion Hurdler Faugheen and also included Douvan in the Supreme Novices, Un de Sceaux in the Arkle and Glens Melody in the OLBG Mares’ Hurdle. His other two winners were Vautour in the JLT Novices’ Chase and Don Poli in the RSA Chase. His successes almost allowed Ireland to beat Britain in the Betbright Prestbury Cup, but the home team edged it 14-13. Douvan, ridden by Ruby Walsh, was Mullins' first win of this year's festival on Tuesday . Walsh was on board again when Un De Sceaux won the Racing Post Arkle Challenge Trophy Chase . Walsh then rode Faugheen to Mullins' third winner on Tuesday, on a fantastic first day for the trainer . Mullins and Walsh hold up the Stan James Champion Hurdle Challenge trophy after Faugheen's win . Glens Melody, ridden by Paul Townend in the OLBG Mares' Hurdle, was Mullins' fourth win on day one . Don Poli streaks away from the field to win the RSA Chase, Mullins' only win on Wednesday at Cheltenham . Walsh, on board Vautour, jumps clear of the field to win the JLT Novices chase for Mullins on day three . | Killultagh Vic wins Martin Pipe Conditional Jockeys' Handicap Hurdle . For trainer Willie Mullins it was an eighth win at this year's festival . Friday's wins take Mullins past record of seven held by Nicky Henderson . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)It's called the Grand Renaissance Dam -- and the clue is in the name. With some 8,500 laborers working around the clock on its construction, the imposingly-named dam is surely one of Africa's most ambitious infrastructure projects, reaffirming Ethiopia's ambitions of becoming a big regional player and a major exporter of power. When completed, the project will generate around 6,000 megawatts of electricity for both domestic use and exports. The most striking aspect of the nearly $5 billion enterprise is, however, that it is entirely funded by Ethiopia, without any foreign investment. According to the authorities, 20% of the project is financed from bond offerings to Ethiopians, and the remaining 80% from tax collection. "It was seen as a strategically important initiative that the government and the Ethiopian people are financing it 100%," says Zemedeneh Negatu, managing partner at Ernst & Young Ethiopia. "They have come up with a very creative and innovative way that I think will be a lesson for other African countries who want to embark on such large infrastructure projects, and want to have the flexibility to do it themselves," he adds. Hydroelectric powerhouse . So far, Ethiopians at home and abroad have contributed about $350 million, and the government says that the 170 meter tall dam is on track for a 2017 opening, with 40% of the work already complete. Ethiopia's per capita income might be one of the lowest in the world, but the country has enjoyed an impressive economic growth since 2000, averaging 10.9% annually, which has resulted in a 33% reduction of people living in poverty. If the Grand Renaissance Dam and other hydroelectric projects, such as the Gibe III dam on the Omo river, are completed on time, The World Bank estimates Ethiopia could earn $1 billion a year from electricity exports. Negatu says that this would make the country the largest exporter of power in Africa, and second only to South Africa when it comes to installed capacity. Unhappy neighbors . Yet, not everyone is happy about Ethiopia's energetic drive to harness its water resources. The Grand Renaissance Dam is being built on Blue Nile, a tributary of the Nile River which has been powering the agriculture of Sudan and Egypt -- through which it flows -- for millennia. These countries have opposed the project in the past, fearing that the dam will reduce their share of the Nile water. The ousted Egyptian president Mohamed Morsi had even threatened to defend "each drop of Nile water with our blood if necessary" back in 2013. Passions have been calmer more recently, and today the Reuters news agency reported that representatives of Egypt, Sudan and Ethiopia reached a preliminary agreement in Khartoum on how to operate the dam. Negatu is convinced that a compromise will be reached, as he thinks that the dam will ultimately benefit not just Ethiopia but most other East African nations. "This is actually a regional project because up from Egypt all the way down to Rwanda, countries are going to buy the power that's generated by this dam," Negatu says, adding that both Rwanda and Kenya have already agreed to purchase thousands of megawatts once the project is finished. A lack of reliable power has long stunted Africa's development, with 600 million people on the continent not connected to the grid and getting by on a mix of generators, kerosene lamps and candles. In Ethiopia, only 15 to 20% of the population has access to power according to a study by Chatham House. "It's Africa's Achilles' heel," says Negatu. "With anyone who wants to build a factory in Africa, the first thing they ask is infrastructure, and within infrastructure, whether there is sufficient electricity. Industrialization has always been about electricity, and this [dam] addresses this basic need." He adds that, after depending on exporting raw commodities for decades, governments across Africa should be pursuing a strategy of industrialization, following the example of China. "We've got to move up the value chain, and it's what Ethiopia is doing right now. Its strategy is industrial-based -- not to export commodities but to manufacture value-added things, and other African nations are trying to emulate that. But without electricity there won't be industrialization in Africa." More from Africa View . Read this: New railway links to transform West Africa . Read this: Fast-rising aviation hub spreads its wings . Brandon Clements contributed to this report. | Ethiopia is building the largest hydro-electric dam in Africa . The country says the $5bn Grand Renaissance Dam is funded entirely by the government and its people . Neighboring Sudan and Egypt fear that the dam will affect their water supply . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Diego Costa has been ruled out of Spain's upcoming matches against Ukraine and Holland with a hamstring injury. The Chelsea striker was substituted with 15 minutes remaining during Sunday's 3-2 win at Hull and Spain on Tuesday announced that he would return to the Premier League club for treatment during the international break. A statement on Spain's official website read: 'Diego Costa, left the premises of the Spanish Football Federation this morning after undergoing several tests with the medical services of the RFEF. Diego Costa has been ruled out of Spain's matches against Ukraine and Holland with a hamstring injury . Costa was taken off with 15 minutes to play during the win away at Hull City on Sunday afternoon . 'The striker has suffered a level 1 hamstring tear on the biceps femoris of the left thigh, which was previously already noted by the medical services of his club.' The statement continued: 'Diego Costa will return to Chelsea FC where he will undergo the corresponding medical treatment.' The 26-year-old scored his 20th goal of the season with a wonderful curling effort to put the Blues 2-0 up on Sunday, but he hobbled off before Loic Remy came off the bench to secure the win for Jose Mourinho's side. The Chelsea boss said afterwards that extra care has to be taken with his star striker when it comes to his hamstring. Chelsea manager Jose Mourinho bemoaned Costa's fragility, dating back to last season . 'When a striker is playing, the team needs a goal to win the game and with 15 minutes to go the striker, a guy with a lot of experience of hamstring injuries, says "it is over for me", then it is over for him,' Mourinho said. 'He has this problem. He tried to play the Champions League final for Atletico (Madrid, last season) and was injured again and again and again. He has this fragility. 'We know his hamstring is not a strong one. He works hard through the week to compensate the weakness he has there but the injury can come.' Vincente del Bosque's side face Ukraine on Friday in European Championship qualifying group C, where they currently sit second three points behind leaders Slovakia before taking on Holland in a friendly next Tuesday. | Spain are without Diego Costa for their upcoming internationals . The Chelsea striker suffered a hamstring injury at Hull City . Costa will miss the friendly against Holland next Tuesday . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)Organized labor is up in arms about President Barack Obama's effort to obtain fast-track authority to finalize a free trade agreement in the Asia Pacific that involves 11 nations. The agreement, union leaders argue, threatens to take even more jobs away from Americans. AFL-CIO President Richard Trumka sent a clear message to members of Congress, warning, "There is such a dramatic impact on the standard of living and lowering of wages and a loss of jobs -- this will have a major impact, and then we will not forget this vote for a long time." The AFL-CIO announced that it would withhold donations to political action committees until this controversy cleared up. The tension between organized labor and Obama is not new. The struggles have been going on since 2009 when the President allowed the Employee Free Choice Act to wither in Congress. The act would require that a union be deemed as legitimate when it had the support of a majority of employees and imposed tough penalties on employers who tried to punish workers from forming unions. The President avoided making any strong appeals for the bill, though it was greatly desired by labor organizations as a way to increase membership. When Democrats chose Charlotte, North Carolina, for their 2012 political convention -- a city not friendly to labor -- unions were livid. "There is broad frustration with the party and all elected officials," one labor leader said, "broad frustration with the lack of a union agenda." Even though unions were crucial to administration victories such as the Affordable Care Act, President Obama has often been extremely tepid when it comes to the rights of unions. Organized labor has not been that surprised. The truth is that unions have been on the defense against Democratic presidents for decades. In the 1970s, President Jimmy Carter treated unions like one more special interest in Washington that needed to be brought down while President Bill Clinton demonstrated lukewarm support to these organizations as he aggressively pursued global free trade policies that labor opposed. "It will cost jobs," warned Michigan Democrat David Bonior said of the North American Free Trade Agreement that Clinton endorsed. "It will drive down our standard of living. If we don't stand up for the working people in this country, who is going to?" In the past few decades, many Democratic politicians no longer believed that organized labor was a major player within their party, as they had been during the creation of the New Deal and Great Society. As organized labor became a smaller part of the American workforce, Democratic politicians were not as determined to court their vote. A larger number of Democrats since the 1970s have been elected by upper middle class suburban constituencies in which unions are not a big presence. These voters have been more concerned in a style of liberalism that revolves around quality of life issues, such as environmental regulation, than they are with middle class jobs. Many Democrats leaders embraced a vision of economic policy that centered on deregulation and free markets. New voices that came into the Democratic Party after the 1960s wanted to challenge Republicans by offering a more centrist vision of economic policy. The opportunities for Democrats to embrace a more pro-union agenda have only intensified with the fierce assault taking place among conservatives. The Koch brothers have unleashed fierce financial assault against unions. Scott Walker, the governor of Wisconsin and potential Republican presidential candidate, has stripped away the power of public unions and signed a right to work law that barred unions from collecting dues from employees who weren't in unions. Unions are under assault, and the movement is looking for help. Democrats, and some Republicans, often talk about needing to deal with the problem of economic inequality. Much of the talk is often vague and offers little in the way to real solutions. Shoring up the strength of unions is one area where the government can help protect jobs for middle class Americans. Without strong unions, the battle against economic inequality and insecurity will never really get started. As George Gresham, the president of United Health Care Workers East wrote in The New York Times, "By defunding unions and weakening union members via 'right to work' laws, corporations and those that do their bidding remove workers' primary means of raising wages, securing pensions and improving workers conditions. Workers' main vehicle for advancing themselves and their communities is jeopardized." Democrats need to listen to what the AFL-CIO is saying. They need to push back against President Obama, even if this creates political opportunities for Republicans, so that the party does not abandon what has been at the heart and soul of their agenda. As Democrats continually watch Republicans outdo them in terms of organization and pursuit, they need to look to labor more as an ally than an enemy in the battle for the White House and Congress in the coming years. | President Obama wants to obtain fast-track authority to finalize a free trade agreement in the Asia Pacific . Julian Zelizer: Organized labor is right to worry that this would take away more jobs from Americans . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Arsene Wenger admitted Arsenal paid for their first-leg collapse as they crashed out of the Champions League at the last-16 stage for the fifth successive season. Their 3-1 first-leg defeat by Monaco at the Emirates came back to haunt them as they clinched a 2-0 win last night that sent them out on away goals. Wenger said: ‘Football is not a fairytale. It’s just a matter of being realistic and clinical and Monaco were clinical in front of goal and maybe a bit lucky as well. Arsene Wenger saw his Arsenal side crash out of the Champions League on Tuesday . Monaco celebrated a place in the quarter-finals of the Champions League at the expense of Arsenal . Santi Cazorla reacts to Arsenal's Champions League exit despite a 2-0 win in the second leg in Monaco . ‘The performance was enough today and it could have been over at half time with the chances we had. ‘We knew before the game we had a 98 per chance to go out. We did fight but I felt some players were jaded offsnsively as they gave a lot on Saturday and lacked bit of freshness. ‘Overall we paid for the first game when we didn’t produce the game we wanted. But when Monaco played at home they had zero shots on target.’ Olivier Giroud’s 36th minute goal and Aaron Ramsey’s strike in 79th minute gave Arsenal hope in a night on which they attacked throughout and did their utmost – but ultimately the damage had been done at The Emirates. Arsenal defender Laurent Koscielny said: ‘We say the same thing every year. Our first game is catastrophic. We have to put it right... play well in two games’ Olivier Giroud scored Arsenal's first goal at the Stade Louis II to give them hope of a comeback . Aaron Ramsey's 79th-minute strike set up a grandstand finish, but Arsenal couldn't find a vital third goal . Wenger added: ‘It’s difficult to compare to the previous years because before we played against Bayern and Barcelona. We’re very disappointed to be out tonight but overall we’re on positive trend and this game on line with what we did recently . ‘I would separate it from other years in which we have gone out. We’re very disappointed to be out of course bu there were a lot of positives in the games. But overall situation is very disappointing . Captain Per Mertesacker said: ``The best team went through. They deserved it because they played much better in the first leg. We had to come back from a massive deficit. We played well today but it wasn’t enough. ‘You come here and try absolutely everything. You look at the game and we could have scored more than two. We don’t look back to the first game - that was already over - and we tried to do our best today but it wasn’t enough.’ | Arsenal eliminated from the Champions League on away goals rule . Gunners beat Monaco 2-0 in the second leg but it wasn't enough . Arsenal were beaten 3-1 in first leg at the Emirates and couldn't recover . READ: Wenger admits Arsenal would be better off in Europa League . CLICK HERE for all the latest Arsenal news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Montenegrin fans who keep causing trouble and forced Friday's Euro 2016 qualifier against Russia to be abandoned are 'barbarians', according to the general secretary of their FA. The Group G match ended midway through the second half after two outbursts of violence, the first 25 seconds after kick off when a home fan hit Russia keeper Igor Akinfeev with a flare in the head. The match resumed after a 33-minute delay but following fighting between rival fans during halftime and another 18-minute delay for the second half to begin, more trouble erupted. VIDEOS Scroll down to watch footage of mass brawl and flare incident . Montenegro fans light flares from the stands during the Euro qualifier on Friday . A mass brawl between Russia and Montenegro players led to the Euro 2016 qualifier being abandoned . Fans holding flares cut intimidating figures from the roof of the stadium in Podgorica . German referee Deniz Aytekin called the game off in the 67th minute after Russian midfielder Dmitri Kombarov was hit with a missile from the terraces, following a scuffle between players on the touchline. 'These fans sing "Montenegro we love you" but throw flares, insult rivals and cause all sorts of incidents every time they turn up and that's outright hypocrisy,' general secretary Momir Djurdjevac told reporters after the ugly scenes in the stadium. 'We have left the impression of barbarians and this is a complete disaster. It seems we don't deserve to have a nation, a soccer team or a berth in a major tournament. 'As far as I am concerned the game should not have continued after the first-minute incident. We can only thank God that no one was seriously hurt.' Russia keeper Igor Akinfeev is knocked to the ground by a flare thrown from the stands after one minute . Akinfeev is carried off the pitch on a stretcher, leading to a 30 minute suspension of the game . Akinfeev was taken to hospital with a concussion and neck burns, undergoing a brain scan and a number of other tests. Montenegrin media also reported a charged atmosphere in Podgorica several hours before kick-off with riot police deployed in numbers to separate rival fans congregating in the city centre. UEFA said it would wait for reports from the match delegate and the referee before opening disciplinary proceedings and Djurdjevac acknowledged any punishment would be suitable. 'We will in all likelihood pay a hefty fine and say goodbye to a major tournament but what scares me is that this can happen again and someone must step forward and say "Enough".' Russia head coach Fabio Capello scratches his head as players leave the pitch after the match is abandoned . Riot police clash with Montenegrin fans after the game is abandoned following a pitch brawl . 'Who wants to play for the national team under such circumstances? 'These players have a big dream and it's to qualify with our tiny nation for a major tournament but we are going nowhere.' While Russia have demanded to be awarded victory following the abandonment in Podgorica on Friday night. Russian Football Union president Nikolai Tolstykh said in a statement that his organization would file a protest to UEFA and that 'in our view, it should be a technical defeat for Montenegro.' He added that the match should have been abandoned following the attack on Akinfeev. | Montenegro's Euro 2016 qualifier with Russia abandoned after mass brawl . Russia goalkeeper Igor Akinfeev earlier hit in the head with a flare . FA general secretary blasts their fans as hypocrites and 'barbarians' Russian Football Union demands to be awarded victory . |
Summarize the important contributions of Thomas Edison from this paragraph in a bulleted list. | Thomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847 – October 18, 1931) was an American inventor and businessman. He developed many devices in fields such as electric power generation, mass communication, sound recording, and motion pictures.These inventions, which include the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and early versions of the electric light bulb, have had a widespread impact on the modern industrialized world. He was one of the first inventors to apply the principles of organized science and teamwork to the process of invention, working with many researchers and employees. He established the first industrial research laboratory. | Thomas Edison's research and inventions have had a significant influence over the modern industrialized world. Here is a glimpse of his achievements:
1. Invented the phonograph
2. Invented the motion picture camera
3. Invented early versions of electric light bulbs
4. He established the first industrial research labratory
5. He developed devices across several fields of research, including: power generation, mass communication, sound recording, and motion pictures |
From the given text, please give me a short bulleted list of the key characteristics of the Capitolium of Brixia in Brescia (Italy) | The primary temple in the city, it was dedicated to the cult of the Capitoline Triad. It was built in 73 AD and consists of three cellae that have preserved much of the original polychrome marble floors, while their interior walls are now a lapidarium displaying ancient Roman epigraphs collected in the 19th century. In front of the cellae, is a fragmentary portico, composed of Corinthian columns that support a pediment containing a dedication to the Emperor Vespasian. Almost entirely buried by a landslide of the Cidneo Hill, it was rediscovered in 1823 through various archaeological campaigns. During excavation in 1826, a splendid bronze statue of a winged Victory was found inside it, likely hidden in late antiquity to preserve it from pillage. After restoration completed in 2013, the site reopened as a new archaeological park. | Primary temple of the city, built in 73 AD
Dedicated to the cult of the Capitoline Triad
Three cellae preserve the original polychrome marble floors
Interior walls display ancient Roman epigraphs from the 19th century
Almost fully buried by a landslide, and rediscovered in 1823.
Restoration completed in 2013. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Javier Hernandez has voiced his disappointment over a lack of playing time at Real Madrid. The Mexico international, nicknamed Chicharito, joined the European champions last summer on a season-long loan from Manchester United and has made just one Primera Division start. Real have an option to make the deal permanent at the end of the season but the 26-year-old forward is unlikely to remain at the Bernabeu stadium. Javier Hernandez says his lack of playing time has been frustrating since he joined Real Madrid on loan . First team opportunities have been thin on the ground for the Manchester United striker during his loan . 'My situation is frustrating,' Hernandez said in an interview with Fox Sports which will air on Monday evening. 'I cooperate, I help and give my 100 per cent in training but in the games the opportunities are slim. 'I'm in a team but left out of what is important, which are the games. 'At times my confidence is rock bottom although I try for it to be sky high, thanks to the people that are always there with me and support me.' Hernandez, who joined United from Chivas de Guadalajara in 2010, feels he has delivered for Real when called upon. He has scored three goals and provided one assist in 13 league appearances for Carlo Ancelotti's side. Hernandez, who scored for Mexico in a friendly this week, has just three La Liga goals this season . The Mexican left Manchester United to get first team football after the arrival of Radamel Falcao . 'The most important thing is to have opportunities and feel confidence in yourself,' Hernandez said. 'Whenever they (Real) have placed their confidence in me, the numbers have been positive.' Hernandez opted to leave United last summer after falling down in the pecking order following the arrival of Radamel Falcao to Old Trafford from Monaco. He is under contract with the Red Devils until June 2016. Hernandez is currently on international duty with Mexico and he started and scored in Saturday's 1-0 victory over Ecuador in an international friendly in Los Angeles. | Javier Hernandez has played just 13 times during loan spell in Madrid . Mexico striker admits 'my situation is frustrating' Hernandez has scored three goals, but says he delivers when given chance . Striker had been unable to force his way into the Manchester United team . CLICK HERE for all the latest Manchester United news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)Ferguson's municipal judge has resigned and the city's court cases are getting moved after the U.S. Justice Department said the court discriminated against African-Americans. "To help restore public trust and confidence in the Ferguson municipal court division, the Supreme Court of Missouri today transferred Judge Roy L. Richter of the Missouri Court of Appeals, Eastern District, to the St. Louis County Circuit Court, where he will be assigned to hear all of Ferguson's pending and future municipal division cases," the Supreme Court said in a statement Monday. "Extraordinary action is warranted in Ferguson, but the court also is examining reforms that are needed on a statewide basis," Chief Justice Mary R. Russell said in the statement. The announcement came the same day Municipal Court Judge Ronald Brockmeyer resigned as Ferguson's judge. "Mr. Brockmeyer recognizes that the Department of Justice report, as well as recent media reports, regardless of their accuracy or validity, have diminished the public's confidence in the Ferguson Municipal Court," his attorney Bert Fulk said in a statement. "Mr. Brockmeyer believes that it is paramount to begin immediately on promoting the public's confidence in the Ferguson Municipal Court. Promoting the public confidence in the Ferguson Municipal Court will help Ferguson begin its healing process." The Justice Department's report said Brockmeyer approved the creation of additional fees, "many of which are widely considered abusive and may be unlawful, including several that the City has repealed during the pendency of our investigation. These include a $50 fee charged each time a person has a pending municipal arrest warrant cleared." Just about every branch of Ferguson government -- police, Municipal Court, City Hall -- participated in "unlawful" targeting of African-American residents for tickets and fines, the Justice Department concluded. The millions of dollars in fines and fees paid by black residents served an ultimate goal of satisfying "revenue rather than public safety needs," the Justice Department found. Document: Justice report finds systematic discrimination by police in Ferguson . Its report detailed how Ferguson operated a vertically integrated system -- from street cop to court clerk to judge to city administration to city council -- to raise revenue for the city budget through increased ticketing and fining. The investigators also found evidence of racist jokes being sent around by Ferguson police and court officials. One November 2008 email said President Barack Obama wouldn't likely be President for long because "what black man holds a steady job for four years." Another email joked that African-American women should use abortion to control crime. "Our investigation has not revealed any indication that any officer or court clerk engaged in these communications was ever disciplined," the Justice Department's report said. The DOJ's probe came after public outcry over the death of unarmed black teenager Michael Brown, who was shot by Ferguson police Officer Darren Wilson in August. Wilson, who was not indicted on any charges, has resigned from the police department. CNN's Michael Martinez contributed to this report. | Ronald Brockmeyer resigns as Ferguson's Municipal Court judge . The city's court cases are being transferred to another judge . 'Extraordinary action is warranted in Ferguson,' the state's chief justice says . |
What is electrostatics the study of? | The concept of the electric field was introduced by Michael Faraday. An electric field is created by a charged body in the space that surrounds it, and results in a force exerted on any other charges placed within the field. The electric field acts between two charges in a similar manner to the way that the gravitational field acts between two masses, and like it, extends towards infinity and shows an inverse square relationship with distance. However, there is an important difference. Gravity always acts in attraction, drawing two masses together, while the electric field can result in either attraction or repulsion. Since large bodies such as planets generally carry no net charge, the electric field at a distance is usually zero. Thus gravity is the dominant force at distance in the universe, despite being much weaker.
An electric field generally varies in space and its strength at any one point is defined as the force (per unit charge) that would be felt by a stationary, negligible charge if placed at that point. The conceptual charge, termed a 'test charge', must be vanishingly small to prevent its own electric field disturbing the main field and must also be stationary to prevent the effect of magnetic fields. As the electric field is defined in terms of force, and force is a vector, having both magnitude and direction, so it follows that an electric field is a vector field.
The study of electric fields created by stationary charges is called electrostatics. The field may be visualised by a set of imaginary lines whose direction at any point is the same as that of the field. This concept was introduced by Faraday, whose term 'lines of force' still sometimes sees use. The field lines are the paths that a point positive charge would seek to make as it was forced to move within the field; they are however an imaginary concept with no physical existence, and the field permeates all the intervening space between the lines. Field lines emanating from stationary charges have several key properties: first, that they originate at positive charges and terminate at negative charges; second, that they must enter any good conductor at right angles, and third, that they may never cross nor close in on themselves. | The study of electric fields created by stationary charges is called electrostatics. |
What type of creatures undergo Metamorphosis? | Metamorphosis is a biological process by which an animal physically develops including birth transformation or hatching, involving a conspicuous and relatively abrupt change in the animal's body structure through cell growth and differentiation. Some insects, fish, amphibians, mollusks, crustaceans, cnidarians, echinoderms, and tunicates undergo metamorphosis, which is often accompanied by a change of nutrition source or behavior. Animals can be divided into species that undergo complete metamorphosis ("holometaboly"), incomplete metamorphosis ("hemimetaboly"), or no metamorphosis ("ametaboly"). | Some insects, fish, amphibians, mollusks, crustaceans, cnidarians, echinoderms, and tunicates undergo metamorphosis |
Who was the first player sent off during a soccer match? | This is a list of all occasions where a football player was sent off from a FIFA World Cup match due to a foul or misconduct, either as a direct expulsion (red card) or as a second caution (yellow card) within the match.
This list includes all dismissals since the first World Cup in 1930. The use of physical red and yellow cards to respectively indicate dismissals and cautions is a later invention, having been introduced at the 1970 tournament.
Only players are listed, even if they were at the substitutes' bench at the time of the sending off. Managers and other technical staff members are not covered.
Statistics
Plácido Galindo was the first player to be sent off in a World Cup match, playing for Peru against Romania in a 1930 match officiated by Alberto Warnken. Although physical red cards were introduced from 1970, they were not put in practice until the 1974 World Cup, when referee Doğan Babacan sent off Chile's Carlos Caszely during a match against West Germany.
Two players have received red cards twice: Cameroon's Rigobert Song (1994 and 1998) and France's Zinedine Zidane (1998 and 2006).
Five dismissals have taken place during final matches: Argentina's Pedro Monzón and Gustavo Dezotti (both 1990), France's Marcel Desailly (1998) and Zinedine Zidane (2006), and John Heitinga of the Netherlands (2010).
Uruguay's José Batista received the quickest red card, in the first minute in a game against Scotland in 1986.
A few expulsions either took place after the final whistle of the match or were awarded to players at the substitutes' bench (or both), and thus did not reduce the number of players on the pitch during the game. Two of them, that of Leandro Cufré of Argentina (vs Germany, 2006) and that of Denzel Dumfries of the Netherlands (vs Argentina, 2022), took place after the penalty shoot-outs of knockout matches, making them the latest red cards.
Three goalkeepers have been sent off in the tournament: Italy's Gianluca Pagliuca (1994), South Africa's Itumeleng Khune (2010), and Wales's Wayne Hennessey (2022).
The match with the most dismissals was Portugal vs Netherlands of 2006, when referee Valentin Ivanov dished out 4 red cards, 2 for each team.
The referee who has sent off the most players is Arturo Brizio Carter, 7 red cards, in 5 different matches (also a record).
The team that has the greatest number of expulsed players is Brazil, with 11 – in 9 different matches, a record shared with Argentina. The team whose opponents have received the most red cards is Germany (incl. West Germany), with 20 – in 18 different matches, also a record.
The 2006 World Cup had the highest amount of red cards: a total of 28 players were sent off (in 20 matches, also a record). | Plácido Galindo was the first player to be sent off in a World Cup match, playing for Peru against Romania in a 1930 match officiated by Alberto Warnken. Although physical red cards were introduced from 1970, they were not put in practice until the 1974 World Cup, when referee Doğan Babacan sent off Chile's Carlos Caszely during a match against West Germany. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Novak Djokovic gives the thumbs up at Indian Wells . Novak Djokovic progressed to the fourth round of the BNP Paribas Open at Indian Wells with a comfortable 7-5 6-3 victory over Albert Ramos-Vinolas. The world No 1 rarely looked troubled as he put together a straight sets triumph over Spaniard Ramos-Vinolas, who is yet to win an ATP Tour title. Djokovic, who would collect a 50th career gong should he defend his championship in the Coachella Valley, must now challenge home favourite John Isner for a place in the quarter-finals. The big-serving American fired down 18 aces as he found his way past Kevin Anderson 7-6 (8/6) 6-2 in a touch under one hour and 20 minutes. Fourth and fifth seeds Andy Murray and Kei Nishikori are safely through after overcoming Philipp Kohlschreiber and Fernando Verdasco respectively. Murray took a first set in 25 minutes but in the end needed the best part of two hours to overcome Kohlschreiber 6-1 3-6 6-1 while Japan's Nishikori recovered from an early wobble to edge out Verdasco 6-7 (6/8) 6-1 6-4. Awaiting Murray is Adrian Mannarino following the Frenchman's 6-4 6-4 triumph over Ernests Gulbis and Nishikori's next opponent is Feliciano Lopez. Djokovic rarely looked troubled as he beat Albert Ramos-Vinolas in straight sets . Ramos-Vinolas of Spain hits a backhand return against Djokovic but was unable to break the world No 1 . Jelena Djokovic, wife of the Serbia star, watches on during his match in California . The 12th seed from Spain was kept busy until the small hours but eventually completed a 6-2 4-6 6-3 victory over Pablo Cuevas of Uruguay. Also progressing in California were Bernard Tomic - the 7-5 6-4 conqueror of eighth seed David Ferrer - and surprise package Thanasi Kokkinakis. Australia's world No 124 went the distance in a meeting with the experienced Juan Monaco that the 18-year-old won 6-2 5-7 7-6 (7/5) in nearly two hours and 47 minutes. In the women's draw, second seed Maria Sharapova battled her way past fierce rival Victoria Azarenka to reach the last 16. The Russian was inferior on her percentages throughout a bruising encounter between two multiple grand slam champions but nevertheless it was Azarenka who found herself saving five match points before succumbing to a 6-4 6-3 defeat. John Isner awaits Djokovic in the next round after the big-serving American beat Kevin Anderson . Maria Sharapova celebrates beating her fierce rival Victoria Azarenka to reach the last 16 . Next up for the world No 2 is a meeting with the defending champion, Flavia Pennetta of Italy, who dispatched Sam Stosur 6-4 6-2. Making an early exit was fourth seed Caroline Wozniacki, the victim of a 6-4 6-4 win for Belinda Bencic, while Serbian hopeful Ana Ivanovic was eliminated 6-2 5-7 6-2 by Caroline Garcia. Eugenie Bouchard saw off Coco Vandeweghe 6-3 6-2 with qualifier Lesia Tsurenko ousting Alize Cornet 7-5 1-6 6-2 as Jelena Jankovic defeated Madison Keys 5-7 6-4 6-3. Elsewhere, Sabine Lisicki of Germany called time on 11th seed Sara Errani's campaign with a 6-4 6-2 triumph completed late on Monday night. | Novak Djokovic beat Albert Ramos-Vinolas at BNP Paribas Open . Wold No 1 beat Spaniard in straight sets, 7-5 6-3 . Serb is chasing his 50th career victory . |
What is sweep rowing? | Rowing, sometimes called crew in the United States, is the sport of racing boats using oars. It differs from paddling sports in that rowing oars are attached to the boat using oarlocks, while paddles are not connected to the boat. Rowing is divided into two disciplines: sculling and sweep rowing. In sculling, each rower holds two oars—one in each hand, while in sweep rowing each rower holds one oar with both hands. There are several boat classes in which athletes may compete, ranging from single sculls, occupied by one person, to shells with eight rowers and a coxswain, called eights. There are a wide variety of course types and formats of racing, but most elite and championship level racing is conducted on calm water courses 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) long with several lanes marked using buoys. | Sweep rowing is a rowing discipline in which rowers hold one oar with both hands. |
What is the name of the woman D'Artagnan falls in love with ? | D'Artagnan hires a servant named Planchet, finds lodgings and reports to Monsieur des Essart, whose company is a less prestigious regiment in which he will have to serve for two years before being considered for the musketeers. Shortly after, his landlord speaks to him about the kidnapping of his wife, Constance Bonacieux. When she is presently released, D'Artagnan falls in love at first sight with her. She works for Queen Anne of France, who is secretly having an affair with the English duke of Buckingham. The king, Louis XIII, gave the queen a gift of diamond studs, but she gives them to her lover as a keepsake. | Constance Bonacieux |
What is the difference between an electric field and gravitational field? | The concept of the electric field was introduced by Michael Faraday. An electric field is created by a charged body in the space that surrounds it, and results in a force exerted on any other charges placed within the field. The electric field acts between two charges in a similar manner to the way that the gravitational field acts between two masses, and like it, extends towards infinity and shows an inverse square relationship with distance. However, there is an important difference. Gravity always acts in attraction, drawing two masses together, while the electric field can result in either attraction or repulsion. Since large bodies such as planets generally carry no net charge, the electric field at a distance is usually zero. Thus gravity is the dominant force at distance in the universe, despite being much weaker.
An electric field generally varies in space and its strength at any one point is defined as the force (per unit charge) that would be felt by a stationary, negligible charge if placed at that point. The conceptual charge, termed a 'test charge', must be vanishingly small to prevent its own electric field disturbing the main field and must also be stationary to prevent the effect of magnetic fields. As the electric field is defined in terms of force, and force is a vector, having both magnitude and direction, so it follows that an electric field is a vector field.
The study of electric fields created by stationary charges is called electrostatics. The field may be visualised by a set of imaginary lines whose direction at any point is the same as that of the field. This concept was introduced by Faraday, whose term 'lines of force' still sometimes sees use. The field lines are the paths that a point positive charge would seek to make as it was forced to move within the field; they are however an imaginary concept with no physical existence, and the field permeates all the intervening space between the lines. Field lines emanating from stationary charges have several key properties: first, that they originate at positive charges and terminate at negative charges; second, that they must enter any good conductor at right angles, and third, that they may never cross nor close in on themselves. | The electric field acts between two charges in a similar manner to the way that the gravitational field acts between two masses, and like it, extends towards infinity and shows an inverse square relationship with distance. However, there is an important difference. Gravity always acts in attraction, drawing two masses together, while the electric field can result in either attraction or repulsion. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | The ISIS militant who appears in a video purporting to show a boy executing an captive Israeli-Arab is a French terrorist whose relatives include a notorious Islamist who slaughtered Jewish children and a woman who took her baby to join the violent extremists. Sabri Essid has been identified as a well-known jihadist, and the half-brother of Mohammed Merah, who shot dead three children, a rabbi and three paratroopers during a terror rampage in the French city of Toulouse. But the two, who are understood to have been close before Merah's 30-hour stand-off with French special forces ended in his death, are among a number of extremists radicalised within the same family. Merah's sister Souad is known to have travelled to Iraq and Syria to join Islamic State with her four children - including her nine-month-old baby. Family: The man on the right of ISIS's latest horrific video has been identified as Sabri Essid, a French terrorist who is a member of a family with a number of radicalised extremists . Essid, a married father, was named by security experts earlier today, after he appeared alongside the young boy in a video claiming to show the execution of a so-called Arab Israeli spy. The man believed to be Essid stands by the boy speaks in French as he refers to the attack on a kosher supermarket in Paris in January in which four Jews were killed. 'Oh Jews, indeed Allah has gifted us with killing your followers in your own stronghold in France,' says the man. However, doubt has been cast on the authenticity of the video, which is heavily edited. Experts have questioned whether the boy, thought to be about ten, was really the person who pulled the trigger, supposedly murdering 19-year-old Muhammad Said Ismail Musallam with a single gunshot. There is less mystery surrounding Essid himself, who has long been known to counter-terrorism forces. 'The similarities between Essid and the man in the video are very clear,' said an investigating source in Paris. 'Plenty of experts have made the link.' Terrorist: Mohammed Merah, Essid's half-brother, killed seven people - including three children - in 2013 . Shooting: The 23-year-old targeted the Ozar Hatorah Jewish school in Toulouse, also killing a rabbi . A French police source has also told AFP, France's national news agency, that 'we are checking' the identity of the man in the video. Essid, 30, from Toulouse, was caught in Syria in December 2006 in a house known to shelter Al-Qaeda members on their way to Iraq. He was sent back to France and was sentenced in 2009 to five years in jail, including one year suspended, in a case involving an Iraqi jihadist network. On his release in 2010, he returned to Toulouse - where he became a constant companion of half-brother Merah. His father had lived with Merah's mother, and Essid was close to the killer and his brother Abdelkader. Merah, 23, would go on to wreak terror in the town, shooting three soldiers, a rabbi and three school children outside a Jewish school, before being shot dead. Radicalised: Mohammed's sister Souad Merah, pictured, took her four children to join ISIS last year . Horror: The family of Muhammad Musalam, 19, purportedly shot in the ISIS video by the unnamed child, have said the Arab-Israeli was not a spy. Pictured: Parents Said and Hind Musalam mourn in the family home . Essid left France for Syria in 2014, as did Souad Merah, the sister of the Toulouse gunman, who took her children on the bus south from Toulouse to Barcelona, where they boarded Turkish Airlines flights to first Istanbul and then Gaziantep. Her husband Abdelouahed El Baghdadi, was arrested by French authorities, in September last year when he arrived back at Toulouse airport with the two older children. Their mother Souad Merah is believed to be in Algeria with the two youngest children. But it is not clear if Essid's wife and children travelled with him to Syria. | Sabri Essid, a French citizen, has been identified as man in the lSIS video . Essid, a married father, thought to have joined Islamic State last year . The 30-year-old has served time in France for terror-related offences . Essid part of a family of extremists, including Toulouse terrorist . Half-brother Mohammed Merah killed a rabbi and three children in 2013 . Shot dead by French special forces after 30 hour siege in apartment . Merah's sister Souad travelled to Syria last year with her four children . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Paddy McNair admits he will fulfil his boyhood dream if he earns his first Northern Ireland cap against Scotland on Wednesday night. The Manchester United defender has been given his first taste of top-team action at Old Trafford by new boss Louis van Gaal this season. Now he is set to follow that up by making his international debut in Glasgow when Michael O'Neill's side take on the Scots at Hampden Park. Paddy McNair has made an impressive breakthrough for Manchester United this season at the back . The 19-year-old was forced to pull out of his first involvement with the national team last October due to injury, while he was an unused substitute a month later as the Irish lost 2-0 away to Romania. But he is expected to finally pull on the green jersey in the midweek friendly clash that will serve as a warm-up ahead of Sunday's crucial Euro 2016 qualifier with Finland at Windsor Park. 'It would be a dream come true if that happens,' said the teenage centre-half. 'As a young boy it is a dream to play for your country. 'I went to a few Northern Ireland games when I was very young but I don't remember too much about them. I can remember the atmosphere and hoping that one day I would be out there as well, so if I can do that on Wednesday I will be very proud.' The Northern Irishman competes with the Premier League's newest star Harry Kane at White Hart Lane . Wednesday's match will be just as important to the Scots as it is O'Neill's troops as both countries look to end their long absences from major tournaments by claiming a slot at next year's European Championships in France. While Northern Ireland are just a point off the summit of Group F after taking nine points from the first 12 available, Gordon Strachan's side are very much in the hunt themselves. They sit third in Group D, three points behind leaders Poland and level on seven with Germany and the Republic of Ireland. With that in mind, McNair does not expect an easy introduction to the international game. 'It's going to be tough,' he said. 'It's a game against another home nation and both teams want to win. It won't be a friendly. The 19-year-old has seen his game time limited in recent weeks but has done enough to earn a call-up . 'It's a game we can definitely win, though. We showed in the games in the qualifying group we can beat anybody. 'Scotland have some very good players. I've played against Steven Naismith earlier on this season and you can see why people rate him so highly.' McNair can also expect to come up against another familiar face clad in Dark Blue, with former United midfielder Darren Fletcher likely to line-up for the hosts. The 31-year-old - who quit the Red Devils in January after 12 years to sign for West Brom - played an influential dressing-room role while McNair was making his way through the Old Trafford ranks. Darren Fletcher (right) was influential in helping McNair settle into the United dressing room before he left . And the youngster happily admits he owes the four-time Premier League winner a huge debt of gratitude. 'Darren really helped me a lot and have to thank him a lot for that,' said McNair. 'When I first broke into the team he gave me a lot of advice and really did help me settle in. 'When you come through at Manchester United, it is such a big club with so much pressure on you. 'Darren was in the same position I'm in now at one stage so he would often come up to me before games and have a word to make sure my head was on right. 'Darren is a great player and I'm very happy to see him back playing regularly with West Brom.' Louis van Gaal took a risk on McNair when he had a shortage of defenders and was rewarded for his trust . In the 13 games McNair has racked for Van Gaal's side this term, he has done enough to leave the Dutchman so impressed that he reckons the Ballyclare youth could be a mainstay of the United line-up for the next decade. But McNair himself is trying not to look too far ahead. He said: 'I don't think I will really realise how good a season I have had until the end of the season when I look back at it, but so far I'm very happy. 'Am I surprised at how quickly things have gone this year? Yeah a little bit. 'Sometimes you just need a bit of luck to get your chance. But I was confident that once I got my chance I could take it.' | Paddy McNair could earn his first Northern Ireland cap against Scotland . The Manchester United admits it will be a boyhood dream to play . The 19-year-old broke into the Louis van Gaal's side earlier this season . Click here for all the latest Manchester United news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Support for British military action against ISIS has risen sharply in the last five months, as the government comes under pressure to catch Jihadi John. David Cameron has vowed to give security and defence chiefs everything they need ‘to find these people and put them out of action’ after the ISIS killer was unmasked as former London student Mohammed Emwazi. Backing for air strikes against ISIS has risen by 11 points to 63 per cent since September, while support for boots on the ground has grown from a quarter to a third. Scroll down for video . New polling shows support for the RAF taking part in airstrikes has risen from 52 per cent in September last year to 63 per cent, according to a YouGov survey for The Times . The idea of British and American ground forces being sent into Iraq to take on ISIS is now backed by 32 per cent, up from 24 per cent September . MPs voted in September by 524 to 43 to back air strikes against ISIS in Iraq, with six RAF Tornados joining war planes from the US, France and Arab nations in military intervention. But Britain is not involved in Syria, after MPs voted against action against the Assad regime in the country a year earlier. New polling shows support for the RAF taking part in airstrikes has risen from 52 per cent in September last year to 63 per cent, according to a YouGov survey for The Times. Eight in 10 Tory voters back airstrikes, compared to just over six in 10 Labour backers. Some 73 per cent of Ukip supporters and 62 per cent of Lib Dems support airstrikes, while just 40 per cent of Green party supporters back the idea. There is also growing support for ground troops to be sent it, although more people are still opposed to the idea. The idea of British and American ground forces being sent into Iraq to take on ISIS is now backed by 32 per cent, up from 24 per cent September. However, ground troops are still opposed by 45 per cent. David Cameron has insisted he will back the services in their efforts to take on ISIS, but some believe that will only be possible with the use of ground troops in Iraq and Syria . However, Tories are split 41 to 41 for and against ground troops. Among Lib Dems – who opposed the Iraq war - only 16 per cent are in favour, with 60 per cent opposed. The killer known as Jihadi John has appeared in ISIS propaganda videos beheading hostages, including Britons, since last summer. The naming of terrorist as Emwazi has put renewed pressure on the security services, after it emerged he had been pinpointed as a potential terrorist by the British authorities but was nonetheless able to travel to Syria in 2013 and join ISIS. Mr Cameron has insisted he will back the services in their efforts to take on ISIS, but some believe that will only be possible with the use of ground troops in Iraq and Syria. Speaking on Friday, the Prime Minister said: ‘I'm not going to talk about specific individuals and specific cases. But… when there are people anywhere in the world who commit appalling and heinous crimes against British citizens, we will do everything we can with the police, with the security services, with all that we have at our disposal to find these people and put them out of action.’ He defended the security services, insisting ‘they are incredibly impressive, hard-working, dedicated, courageous and effective at protecting our country’. | 63% now back RAF airstrikes against ISIS, up from 52% in September . MPs votes in favour of bombing raids in Iraq but not Syria last year . Support for US and UK ground troops rises from 24% to 32%, poll shows . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | The legends whom Lewis Hamilton would emulate met in the paddock for a brief chat — the tartan hat of Sir Jackie Stewart peak to peak with the equally trademark red cap of Niki Lauda. The decades have not dimmed a bond begotten by each man’s achievement in winning the Formula One world drivers’ title three times. Only seven others could ever make that claim: Fangio, Brabham, Piquet, Prost, Senna, Schumacher and Vettel. Here in sunlit Melbourne, Hamilton began practice for the Australian Grand Prix at the start of a 20-round season in which the British driver hopes to add his name to that exclusive club. Lewis Hamilton will be hoping to retain the Formula One title after last season's triumph . Hamilton took part in Friday's Formula One Grand Prix practice session ahead of Sunday's season opener . Michael Schumacher, pictured in 2006, is the most successful Formula One driver with seven world titles . The first race of the 2015 Formula One schedule begins in Melbourne, Australia on Sunday . Drivers’ champion . Lewis Hamilton. A great driver in a great car. His one and only threat is Nico Rosberg, poised and calculating coolly for any mistake. Constructors’ champion . Put your weekly shopping budget, your mortgage and Johnny’s school fees on Mercedes. Surprise driver . Toro Rosso’s Max Verstappen, 17 and 166 days tomorrow. A brilliant talent. My second choice: Daniil Kvyat of Red Bull. The race I am most looking forward to? The saying in F1 is those that start with ‘M’ are the best to be at: Melbourne (my absolute favourite), Monte Carlo, Montreal and Monza. Mexico returns this year. Hamilton pondered the word ‘legend’ and said: ‘I hope when I have retired and am much, much older, perhaps in 30 years, a kid might use that phrase for me. ‘I want to win this year. There’s a championship there for the taking. Damn it, I want to win it! I want to go and grab it. More than ever. At least as much as last year, and hopefully even more.’ He will certainly have a car capable of accomplishing that task. Mercedes are in a parallel universe of speed and reliability, according to pre-season testing. It again promises to be a straight fight between him and his team-mate Nico Rosberg. Lauda is their boss at Mercedes. Stewart has been a critic of Hamilton from time to time. He thinks the word ‘legend’ can only be applied long after a driver has hung up his helmet. ‘That is how it works with many halls of fame in America,’ he said. ‘Time waits to confer its judgment.’ The debate about Hamilton is always keen. He fuels this by his actions. He has taken to posting pictures of himself brooding and pouting, half-dressed and self-absorbed on the photo-based website Instagram. One such picture had Hamilton standing in a graffiti-lined alley in Melbourne looking up to the sky with his hands clasped in prayer. These fine exhibits of modern art are being undertaken by Dan ‘Spinz’ Forrest, a bald and bearded music producer who seems newly to have attached himself to Hamilton. He is walking around the paddock with a camera in his hand. Never mind that, it is Hamilton’s heavy and skilled right foot that will define him over the next eight-and-a-half months. But his compatriot Jenson Button believes there is still room for Hamilton to improve on his championship-winning form of last season. Hamilton celebrated in Abu Dhabi after winning the 2014 Formula One Championship . Mercedes F1 team showed their support for Red Nose Day by wearing merchandise on Friday . Mercedes' drivers Hamilton (left) and Nico Rosberg both also wore T-shirts in support of Red Nose Day . ‘He was most inconsistent last year,’ said Button, whose McLaren was three seconds slower than Mercedes in practice. ‘In racing, Lewis was stronger than ever. In qualifying, he seemed weaker than ever. It was a different Lewis. This year, with more confidence, he’ll be more consistent in qualifying and a stronger driver.’ Rosberg’s qualities should not be enough to stop an on-form, all-firing Hamilton becoming the first Briton to win consecutive titles, but the German is calm and focused on his retaliative challenge. ‘Lewis was a little bit stronger than me last year,’ admitted Rosberg, who is due to become a father in August. ‘He’s been working on himself during the winter and I have been working on myself. ‘I’m not at my peak Formula One performance yet. Being an F1 driver is multi-faceted. It’s not just about turning the steering wheel in the best possible way. It’s outside the car, too, having your whole life around you sorted so you are focused and have the energy to do the perfect job in the car. Coming second has motivated me for this year.’ Hamilton wants to remembered as a 'legend' after he has retired from Formula One . The 30-year-old takes time out in the garage during the first practice session of the new season . Sauber's former Dutch driver Giedo van der Garde has abandoned his legal action against the team . The season starts with Formula One in a curious, but entirely new, state of disrepair. Manor, the team that rose from the bones of Marussia, look unlikely to race because, among other things, they do not have the software required to run their cars. It seems the hard drives were wiped to prepare them to be auctioned when the team’s assets were due to be sold and they now need to reinstall the missing programs. But the biggest drama was at Sauber, where Dutch driver Giedo van der Garde is suing the team for breaking his contract. A court in Melbourne has ruled in his favour, saying he should race. However, he cannot do so because he has not been granted a super-licence. He still put on overalls yesterday and was fitted for his seat, unavailingly. Sauber sat out the first practice session but took part in the second in the form of their two named drivers Marcus Ericsson and Felipe Nasr. The squabbling parties called a truce of sorts this morning Melbourne time, with Van der Garde abandoning his legal action and averting, for now at least, the threat of bailiffs seizing the team’s assets. DAVID COULTHARD . ‘Lewis appears to be going through a transition in his off-track life. I see he is negotiating his own contract, doing music in the future and has split up with Nicole (Scherzinger), and all of these things have an influence on your life which may be a positive or negative. 'It will be interesting to see now he is a wealthy champion and got lots of opportunities whether the absolute focus is still on the job. Nico now has the experience of battling for a world championship. He went into last year with a good car, everything was going great, then he had the collision in Spa, his team told him he was a bad boy and he was getting booed. I think he will be stronger.’ DAMON HILL . ‘Nico has talents that are slightly more subtle and less obvious than Lewis but I think he is going to have to invent a new Nico to counter his team-mate. The championship was delivered by Lewis, so if Mercedes have to hedge one way or the other, they will go for Lewis. 'I can’t see Lewis getting distracted. He can see the prizes, he collects his trophies and is very proud of his success and he still talks as if he is stunned by his own success. He will be difficult to beat this year.’ MARTIN BRUNDLE . ‘If Lewis had finished his career with one championship it would have been a travesty but if he wins a third he becomes one of the all-time greats. 'He has got to win consecutive championships which is always perceived to be particularly difficult, but he is going to have a dominant car again so it is Nico Rosberg who he has got to race. Unless Nico has found a way to raise his game, what is going to put Lewis under pressure apart from himself?’ JOHNNY HERBERT . ‘I don’t think it’s a given for Lewis. He can’t say “I beat him last year and it’s going to be fine, I will be able to do those runs of winning four races on the trot again and everything will be hunky dory” — It won’t be like that. Lewis will think, “Yes, I’m quicker”. Is Rosberg capable of doing it? I think he is, that’s why I say Lewis cannot rest on his laurels because he will be there for sure.’ | Lewis Hamilton will be hoping to win his third Formula One title . Only seven other drivers have ever won more than two F1 titles . Hamilton is gearing up for Sunday's season opener in Melbourne . |
What type of chair would I want to design to give an option to lean all the way back? | A chair is a type of seat, typically designed for one person and consisting of one or more legs, a flat or slightly angled seat and a back-rest. They may be made of wood, metal, or synthetic materials, and may be padded or upholstered in various colors and fabrics. Chairs vary in design. An armchair has armrests fixed to the seat; a recliner is upholstered and features a mechanism that lowers the chair's back and raises into place a footrest; a rocking chair has legs fixed to two long curved slats; and a wheelchair has wheels fixed to an axis under the seat. | As the name suggests, a recliner features a mechanism that lowers the chair’s back and raises a footrest into place |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Judd Trump continued his good form by easing to a 4-0 victory over up-and-coming Belgium cueman Luca Brecel in the first round of the Players Championship in Thailand. Trump, who defeated Ronnie O'Sullivan to win the World Grand Prix last Sunday before travelling to Bangkok, reached the last 16 with a top break of 71. 'I played well and Luca didn't, so in the end it was convincing,' Trump told worldsnooker.com. 'I need to play better next time.' Judd Trump, pictured in action at the World Grand Prix, eased past Luca Brecel in Thailand on Wednesday . Shaun Murphy reeled off three frames in a row after going 1-0 down on his way to a 4-2 victory over Rod Lawler which included top breaks of 93 and 69. Murphy said: 'Rod was unlucky today, on another day he might have won. I'm trying my best, I have won this title before and I'm trying to win it again. 'I always enjoy coming to Thailand, the people are very friendly and they love snooker.' Shaun Murphy, pictured in action at the World Grand Prix, overcame Rod Lawler 4-2 after going 1-0 down . Meanwhile, world champion Mark Selby chalked up a 4-0 win over Dominic Dale while Martin Gould defeated Indian Open champion Michael White 4-3. Mark Davis saw off Ricky Walden 4-2. Wales' Mark Williams claimed a 4-1 win over home favourite Thepchaiya Un-Nooh. | Judd Trump reached the last 16 with a comfortable 4-0 win on Wednesday . Shaun Murphy also through after victory over Rod Lawler . Mark Selby, Martin Gould and Mark Williams all advance to next round . |
Extract the names of the companies that built the Pacific Railroad | A transcontinental railroad in the United States is any continuous rail line connecting a location on the U.S. Pacific coast with one or more of the railroads of the nation's eastern trunk line rail systems operating between the Missouri or Mississippi Rivers and the U.S. Atlantic coast. The first concrete plan for a transcontinental railroad in the United States was presented to Congress by Asa Whitney in 1845.
A series of transcontinental railroads built over the last third of the 19th century created a nationwide transportation network that united the country by rail. The first of these, the 3,103 km (1,928 mi) "Pacific Railroad", was built by the Central Pacific Railroad and Union Pacific Railroad to link the San Francisco Bay at Alameda, California, with the nation's existing eastern railroad network at Council Bluffs, Iowa/Omaha, Nebraska, thereby creating the world's first transcontinental railroad when it opened in 1869. Its construction was made possible by the US government under Pacific Railroad Acts of 1862, 1864, and 1867. Its original course was very close to current Interstate 80. | The "Pacific Railroad" was built by the Central Pacific Railroad and Union Pacific Railroad. |
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