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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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The president of the University of Oklahoma has condemned the Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity for the racist chant that emerged this weekend and vowed to discipline the students involved - but stopped short of saying they would be expelled from the university. David Boren expressed outrage today at the racist song by members of Sigma Alpha Epsilon and revealed that school officials have already identified at least two of the students seen singing 'There will never be a n***** in SAE' on a party bus over the weekend. 'We will look at all possible punishment and what is available to us under the law. Under the civil rights law it may be possible for us to take action against certain individuals,' he said. 'Would I be happy if they left voluntarily? Yes. We don't have room for racists and bigots here.' He added: 'I don't want them here. I'll pay the bus fare to get them out. They're not coming back.' Scroll down for video . Cut it off! As one frat brother gleefully sings a racist chant, another steps in and tries to cut off recording of the shameful incident . University of Oklahoma President David Boren used a bullhorn to address students Monday morning at a rally against the SAE fraternity . Fraternity members moved furniture out of the house in the rain on Monday afternoon. They've been told the vacate the premises by midnight . This student's parents helped him move his belongings out of the SAE house into the back of their Cadillac Escalade SUV . A mother puts a comforting arm around her son in the wake of his fraternity being kicked off campus and shamed the world over for a racist chant . Hundreds of furious students have rallied on campus in Norman this morning to protest the outrageous song by the fraternity brothers. Boren's comments come as a new video emerges that shows a frat brother trying to stop the recording of the sickening song aboard the Sigma Alpha Epsilon party bus. As one tuxedo-clad brother gleefully sings, 'You can hang him from a tree, but he'll never sign with me, there will never be a n***** in SAE' - another stands up and waves his hands in front of a cell phone camera, attempting to stop the filming of the shameful song. Earlier on Monday, Boren gave the fraternity members less than 24 hours to vacate their house on campus. He may have offered to buy the frat members a bus ticket out of town - but it seems some of the members will drive a Cadillac instead. An Escalade SUV was among several vehicles - including two U-Haul trucks that were parked outside the fraternity on Monday morning, according to KOCO-TV. Fraternity members refused to talk to members of the press as they packed up their belongings and loaded them into the trucks. According to the campus student newspaper, the Oklahoma Daily, several fraternity members were also seen fleeing the house on Sunday night with packed suitcases. At a rally on Monday morning, shamed the fraternity brothers, according the Oklahoman newspaper: 'You are disgraceful! Real Sooners are not bigots, real Sooners are not racist.' Fury: Hundreds of students rallied on the campus in Norman, Oklahoma, on Monday morning to protest the horrific chant by the fraternity members . Using the slogan 'Unheard' black students - and their allies - used the occasion to protest what they say is a history of racism at the university . Students refused to speak with reporters as they packed up and left the fraternity. They loaded their belongings into U-Haul trucks and SUVs . Packing up: U-Haul trucks and several SUVs appeared at the SAE fraternity to move members and their belongings out of the house ahead of the midnight deadline to vacate the premises . The OU mascot is the Sooner - in honor of the homesteaders who took up plots of land across the state in the late 19th century. In a statement, he said that the members of SAE have until midnight Tuesday morning to clear everything out of the fraternity house. 'Effective immediately, all ties and affiliations between this University and the local SAE are hereby severed. I direct that the house be closed and that members will remove their personal belongings from the house by midnight tomorrow,' he said. A vandal approached the house an spray painted 'Tear It D' across the wall of the frat house - presumably meaning to paint 'tear it down.' At the SAE chapter at Oklahoma State University in Stillwater, a Confederate flag could be seen hanging in the bedroom of one of the fraternity brothers. It was visible from the street through the fraternity's window, according to the O'Colly student newspaper. It has since been taken down. Coming down: University workers on Monday tore down the Greek letters for SAE on the fraternity house - after officials cut all ties to the fraternity . Frat house: The SAE base at the University of Oklahoma is pictured above. The university has cut off all ties to the fraternity and will ban it from campus . Fraternity members refused to speak to members of the media on Monday . Parents came out in to help their college children move out of the fraternity house on Monday . Alumni of the fraternity have also begun raising money Howard, the African-American cook who ran the kitchen at the fraternity for more than 10 years. Blake Burkhart wrote on the IndieGoGo campaign: 'That man is going to walk up to the SAE house tomorrow morning and hear that he no longer has a job. He is going to learn who has been working for. And through some cruel twist of fate, he has to lose the job that he has held for over a decade. He is going to lose his job because of a bus full of racist kids.' The campaign has raised more than $11,000 toward its goal of $50,000 to help provide support for Howard after losing his job. Also on Monday, rapper Waka Flocka Flame canceled his show at scheduled for this spring at the fraternity house. In a statement, the Atlanta-based musician said: 'I must say I'm disgusted and disappointed in the actions of the SAE fraternity at University of Oklahoma and I will be canceling my scheduled performance for them next month. Racism is something I will not tolerate.' The racist footage that kicked it all off was uploaded to YouTube Sunday and shows members of a Sigma Alpha Epsilon chapter singing that there 'will never be a n*****' in their fraternity. In the brief clip, one two students stand up to a group of their peers, wearing bow ties and dress shirts, in the vile chant, sung to the tune of If You're Happy And You Know It. The footage is believed to have been filmed on Saturday - when the rest of the nation was focused on Selma, Alabama, where the president said the civil rights movement has not yet completed its long march. 'There will never be a n***** SAE': The vile chant was made by members of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity chapter at the University of Oklahoma . National heads of Sigma Alpha Epsilon closed the fraternity Sunday night after the video was shared widely online, and suspended all of its members. During the sickening clip the students are clearly heard singing: 'There will never be a n***** SAE, there will never be a n***** SAE. 'You can hang him from a tree, but he'll never sign with me, there will never be a n***** SAE.' A female voice in the background can also be heard asking a friend: 'You've never heard it before?' The footage shows the group on a bus, apparently headed to a party. It was made public by a black students' pressure group at the university called Unheard. In the wake of the video, the national leadership of Sigma Alpha Epsilon, which has branches across the country, said the University of Oklahoma chapter would be punished. Reaction: The national heads of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon have said those responsible will be punished . Brad Cohen, the Eminent Supreme Archon of the organization, confirmed that the video was authentic. He added that he was 'shocked and disgusted' by it, and said those responsible 'will be dealt with'. Cohen also said the song, which the video participants seemed to know well, was not part of any SAE traditions. A statement from SAE said: 'Sigma Alpha Epsilon's national headquarters has closed its Oklahoma Kappa chapter at the University of Oklahoma following the discovery of an inappropriate video. 'In addition, all of the members have been suspended, and those members who are responsible for the incident may have their membership privileges revoked permanently. At Oklahoma State University, the SAE chapter has a Confederate flag clearly visible from the street, hanging in the bedroom of one of the fraternity brothers . A vandal painted 'TREAR IT D' - presumably 'tear it down' - on the wall of the fraternity on Sunday night . 'We apologize for the unacceptable and racist behavior of the individuals in the video, and we are disgusted that any member would act in such a way. 'Furthermore, we are embarrassed by this video and offer our empathy not only to anyone outside the organization who is offended but also to our brothers who come from a wide range of backgrounds, cultures and ethnicities.' SAE has more than 200 chapters across the country, 15,000 undergraduate members and around 200,000 alumni. The mission of Sigma Alpha Epsilon is 'to promote the highest standards of friendship, scholarship, and service for our members based upon the ideals set forth by our Founders and as specifically enunciated in our creed, The True Gentleman.' For more than half a century, new members are required to memorize and recite the following: . 'A True Gentleman is the man whose conduct proceeds from good will and an acute sense of propriety, and whose self-control is equal to all emergencies; who does not make the poor man conscious of his poverty, the obscure man of his obscurity, or any man of his inferiority or deformity; who is himself humbled if necessity compels him to humble another; who does not flatter wealth, cringe before power, or boast of his own possessions or achievements; who speaks with frankness but always with sincerity and sympathy; whose deed follows his word; who thinks of the rights and feelings of others, rather than his own; and who appears well in any company, a man with whom honor is sacred and virtue safe.'
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University of Oklahoma President David Boren gave fraternity members until midnight Monday to vacate their house on campus . 'We do not have room for racists and bigots here,' he declared . Boren vowed to pursue civil rights charges against all students involved . Hundreds of students rallied on campus Monday morning to protest Sigma Alpha Epsilon racist song . SAE members were filmed singing there 'will never be a n*****' in their fraternity . New video shows one fraternity member attempting to stop recording of the incident Saturday on a party bus . Several U-Haul trucks were seen at the fraternity as members collected their belongs and moved out Monday - following notice that the house will be locked down at midnight . Alumni raise money for black man who has worked as cook at the fraternity for more than 10 years who is now out of a job .
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From this summary of Captain Ginyu's role in the series Dragon Ball, how many times did Captain Ginyu switch bodies?
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Captain Ginyu (ギニュー隊長, Ginyū-Taichō) is a horned purple-skinned humanoid who is the leader of the Ginyu Force. He is shown to be the most tactically skilled, as he deduced that Goku was masking his true power level by simply watching him fight. After seeing Goku's increased power level when using the Kaio-ken, Ginyu inflicts a near-fatal injury on himself,[ch. 285, 286] before using his technique that allows him to switch bodies with anyone, leaving Goku with Ginyu's nearly dead body.[ch. 286, 287] As Goku, Ginyu momentarily deceives Krillin but has trouble fighting Krillin and Gohan when he realizes that he can not fully control Goku's power.[ch. 288, 289] Ginyu then tries to switch into Vegeta's body, but Goku intervenes getting his body back, and when Ginyu tries again, he switches bodies with a Namekian frog Goku throws in the way.[ch. 290] In Dragon Ball Super, Ginyu is revealed to have survived Namek's destruction and escaped to Earth, though he is still trapped in the frog's body. He takes the opportunity to swap bodies with one of Frieza's soldiers named Tagoma, but is killed by Vegeta shortly afterward. Ginyu is voiced by Hideyuki Hori in the original series and Katsuyuki Konishi in Kai. In English, he is voiced by Richard Newman in the Ocean dub, Dale Kelly in Funimation's original dub, Brice Armstrong in their redub, and by Robert Bruce Elliott in Kai.
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Captain Ginyu switches bodies 4 times in the Dragon Ball series. Captain Ginyu first switched bodies with Goku and back. Then Captain Ginyu switched bodies a Namekian frog, then in Dragon Ball Super, he switched bodies with one of Frieza's soldiers named Tagoma, and is promptly killed by Vegeta.
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(CNN)A volcano in Russia led to the cancellation of flights in Alaska over the weekend. "We canceled two roundtrip flights between Anchorage and Bethel, and Anchorage and Nome after an advisory of low visibility," Alaska Airlines spokeswoman Halley Knigge said. Ash from Russia's Shiveluch volcano was the culprit behind the flight disruptions Saturday, said Jeff Freymueller, a scientist at the Alaska Volcano Observatory. The volcano erupted Friday, shooting ash into the atmosphere some 30,000 feet. Winds blew the ash cloud across the Bering Sea and into western Alaska, Freymueller said. Shiveluch, which has been erupting consistently, caused a similar incident in January, he said. The airline will only operate flights when it's safe to do so and will not fly into areas of reported ash. Alaska Airlines was uncertain if additional flights would be canceled, but said it's monitoring the situation. Three volcanoes are erupting on Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula: Shiveluch, Klyuchevskoy and Karymsky. Volcano grows Japanese island .
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Volcano shoots ash into the atmosphere some 30,000 feet . Winds blow ash cloud across the Bering Sea and into western Alaska .
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The number of drivers hauled before the courts for using their mobiles at the wheel has plummeted by nearly half. Despite alarming evidence that growing numbers of motorists are committing the offence, the number of prosecutions has fallen by some 16,000 over three years. In one area, Greater Manchester, the fall has been even more sharp, and is down by 80 per cent. Official figures also showed worrying falls in the number of court cases brought against other driving offences, including those for drink drive offences, and dangerous driving. That is despite evidence deaths occuring as a result are on the rise. The number of drivers hauled before the courts for using mobile phone at the wheel has plummeted by nearly half. Stock photo . The figures were compiled by Labour, which warned that reckless drivers were ‘getting away with it’ and blamed cuts to the police front line. Shadow roads minister Richard Burden said: ‘Road users have had enough of reckless drivers getting away with it. ‘Under the Conservative-led Government progress on road safety is slowing while more and more drivers go unpunished for dangerous and drink driving. ‘The hands-off approach to enforcement is not working. Crashes from mobile phone use are on the rise but thousands fewer drivers are being punished for this deadly offence.’ The research follows calls from Britain’s top traffic officer for drivers caught using their mobiles at the wheel to be banned. Gloucester chief constable Suzette Davenport said the rise in offending meant tougher punishments were needed, and accused ministers of failing to act for fear of offending voters. An estimated 500,000 motorists break the law every day but ordinarily using a hand-held mobile at the wheel usually attracts only a £100 fine with three penalty points. Figures also showed worrying falls in the number of court cases brought against other driving offences, including those for drink drive offences. Stock photo . The new data shows police are using formal powers to prosecute much less often. Across England and Wales, the number of prosecutions for using a mobile at the wheel fell from 35,255 to 19,650 between 2013 and 2011. That is a fall of 15,605, or 44 per cent. In Greater Manchester, the number of prosecutions fell from nearly 2,000 in 2010 to just 329 in 2013. Falls of more than 60 per cent were seen in the Cumbria, Merseyside, South Yorkshire, West Midlands, Warwickshire and Kent police areas. Research has suggested using a mobile slows reactions more than cannabis or alcohol use. Drivers’ reactions fell by half while holding their phone and on a call, more than a third when texting and by a quarter during a hands-free call. The number of crashes attributed to mobile phone use has grown by 12 per cent, from 378 in 2012 to 422 last year. The alternative to a formal prosecution is a fixed penalty notice, but the number of these handed out is also down by 26 per cent. Drink drive deaths rose by one fifth from 2011-12 and while the numbers prosecuted for drink driving offences is down nine per cent. Miss Davenport, who speaks for the Association of Chief Police Officers on road issues, told the BBC on Sunday: ‘If someone is caught twice using a mobile phone within a period of time we should be considering things like disqualifications. ‘If we don’t do something fundamentally different we are going to have lost this. I have had those conversations with ministers. I would take a much harder line in terms of outcomes from enforcement. The minister doesn’t like my proposal.’ Ministers rejected the claim they were blocking road safety reform for electoral reasons and accused chief constables of taking the easy option of using speed cameras instead of deploying more traffic officers.
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The number of prosecutions has fallen by some 16,000 over three years . In Greater Manchester, fall has been even more sharp, and is down by 80% . Official figures also showed worrying falls in the number of court cases brought against other driving offences, including drink driving . That is despite evidence deaths occuring as a result are on the rise .
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Arsenal will not qualify for the Champions League as Chelsea, Manchester United, City and Liverpool will finish in the top four, believes Phil Neville. The 38-year-old predicts Arsenal will not qualify for Europe's elite competition for the first time under Wenger, and that his former club United will even finish second behind champions Chelsea. 'For me Chelsea are going to win the league. I think they'll win it with three or four games to spare,' Neville said, as reported by The Express. Arsenal will not qualify for the Champions League for the first time under Arsene Wenger, says Phil Neville . Neville thinks Louis van Gaal's Manchester United will finish second in the Premier League behind Chelsea . How the top of the Premier League is shaping up . 'I'm going for an outside bet of Manchester United finishing second and then I'm for City and Liverpool.' For Neville's prediction to come true, Liverpool will have to make up a six-point gap between themselves and Arsenal in the Barclays Premier League. The teams are currently away during the international break but the race for the top four continues on Saturday, with Arsenal vs Liverpool the early match at the Emirates. For Neville's prediction to come true, Liverpool have to make up six points between themselves and Arsenal .
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Phil Neville predicts Manchester United will finish second behind Chelsea . He then believes Manchester City and Liverpool will claim third and fourth . Neville feels Arsenal will not secure Champions League football for the first time under manager Arsene Wenger . READ: Champions League race gains extra spice as prize money increase means winners next season will scoop £74MILLION . CLICK HERE for all the latest Premier League news .
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Where did Danny Dayton graduated from?
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Danny Dayton (born Daniel David Segall, November 20, 1923 – February 6, 1999) was an American actor and television director. Beginning in the 1950s, he played many roles in film and on TV. He had a recurring role as Hank Pivnik on All in the Family and had guest roles in M*A*S*H, The Incredible Hulk, Charlie's Angels and The Love Boat.
Dayton graduated from the school of journalism at New York University, before turning to acting. In addition to acting, Dayton also directed episodes of Occasional Wife, Here's Lucy, and the short-lived series Good Morning World.
On February 6, 1999, Dayton died of emphysema in Los Angeles, California.
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Danny Dayton graduated from the school of journalism at New York University.
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Stuart Lancaster insists the Six Nations campaign proves England now possess the strength in depth to win the World Cup after they turned Twickenham back into a fortress. Lancaster’s squad won four matches out of five despite missing Lions stars Manu Tuilagi, Brad Barritt and Owen Farrell plus No 8 Ben Morgan for the entire campaign. With the likes of George Ford, Jonathan Joseph, George Kruis and Anthony Watson now blooded on the international stage, Lancaster believes England will enter the World Cup in six months’ time in rude health. Stuart Lancaster believes England's Six Nations exploits proved they have the squad to win the World Cup . England fell six points short of winning the Six Nations title despite a 55-35 win over France . ‘There has always been a huge sense of belief that we are going in the right direction,’ he said. ‘The challenges we faced with the injury situation leading into the Wales game didn’t dent that belief. From what I see in training we have a tight, connected group who are improving all the time. ‘Clearly we are still a bit young, light on experience, particularly in the back line. ‘That will improve with the likes of Brad Barritt, Owen Farrell and Manu being available, all of whom will be playing in the next few weeks we hope.’ England have beaten World Cup pool rivals Australia and Wales convincingly and with 82,000 fans producing another pulsating atmosphere at Twickenham on Saturday, Lancaster says belief will be sky-high when the tournament kicks off on September 18. Asked if England can win the World Cup, Lancaster was unequivocal. George Ford has impressed for England throughout their Six Nations campaign at fly half . England's Jonathan Joseph is challenged by France's Remi Tales during the match at Twickenham . ‘Yes, definitely,’ he said. ‘We’ve beaten Australia, we’ve beaten Wales, we’ve put 55 points on France. ‘New Zealand we’ve beaten before and pushed them close in the summer series. So, absolutely. ‘You saw the influence the crowd had on the players today. Playing at home is a huge factor as well.’ Lancaster now has four runners-up finishes in four Six Nations campaigns but has no fear his players will be psychologically damaged by another near miss. ‘The players’ mindset is to use it more as a motivation to make sure you don’t feel that pain again. The pain is deep. It does not create a scar.’ England were without the injured Manu Tuilagi for the entire of the Six Nations Championship . England captain Chris Robshaw echoed Lancaster's thoughts that they can be contenders for the World Cup . Barring injury, Chris Robshaw will captain England into the World Cup and he backed his coach’s assessment of their development. ‘We can be contenders,’ he said. ‘We are playing very well at home and have built a lot of momentum. And if you look at where all the games are, they are back here. ‘Look at the crowd, I think it was the loudest I have ever heard, including the two Six Nations games and when we beat New Zealand here — the place was rocking. ‘And that is what we want. We want it to be that type of environment and a crowd coming expecting something.’
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Stuart Lancaster optimistic of England's World Cup chances . England fell six points shy of winning Six Nations title . Lancaster encouraged by his team's performance in the competition . Chris Robshaw also believes England will be World Cup contenders .
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Police in Manchester stopped a motorist who was about to remove a wheel clamp from his car using a petrol-powered saw. Officers on patrol in the Deansgate area of the city noticed the man with the powerful cutting tool at 11.45pm on Monday. The blue BMW 3-series was immobilised by the DVLA because it was understood to be untaxed. Police spoke with a motorist they observed standing near his clamped car with a petrol-powered saw . The BMW 3 series was immobilised with a clamp by the DVLA in Deansgate, Manchester City Centre . According to Greater Manchester Police no arrests were made at the scene because officers intervened before any damage was inflicted on the clamp. It is understood that the motorist had a two-stroke petrol-powered Stihl saw with a metal cutting disc. The DVLA has the power to immediately clamp or impound any car if it is not properly taxed. Car owners can notify authorities if they are not using the car and sign statutory declaration that the car is off the road. However, if they sign the declaration and continue to use the car, it can be seized. Motorists who have been clamped by the DVLA have to provide evidence that they have taxed their car before it can be released. If a car has not been taxed, the motorist will have to pay a 'surety' deposit of £700 to have it released. According to the DVLA the cost of having a clamp removed increases the longer the car is immobilised. If a driver refuses to pay, the DVLA will destroy or sell the car to recoup some of the costs. The DVLA clamped a number of cars following an inspection in Manchester City Centre last night .
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The motorist was spotted by police in Deansgate, Manchester City centre . The man was observed with a petrol-powered saw near his clamped car . Police spoke with the motorist although he was not arrested at the scene . The DVLA has power to clamp any untaxed cars without any warning .
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How was basketball was invented?
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Basketball began with its invention in 1891 in Springfield, Massachusetts, by Canadian physical education instructor James Naismith as a less injury-prone sport than football. Naismith was a 31-year old graduate student when he created the indoor sport to keep athletes indoors during the winters.
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Basketball began with its invention in 1891 in Springfield, Massachusetts, by Canadian physical education instructor James Naismith as a less injury-prone sport than football. Naismith was a 31-year old graduate student when he created the indoor sport to keep athletes indoors during the winters. The game became established fairly quickly and grew very popular as the 20th century progressed, first in America and then in other parts of the world. After basketball became established in American colleges, the professional game followed. The American National Basketball Association (NBA), established in 1946, grew to a multibillion-dollar enterprise by the end of the century, and basketball became an integral part of American culture.
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Without quoting the text, explain to me why the One Mile telescope was built
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In 1971, Sir Martin Ryle described why, in the late 1950s, radio astronomers at MRAO decided on the construction of the new One Mile telescope: "Our object was twofold. First we wanted to extend the range of our observations far back in time to the earliest days of the Universe, and this required a large increase in both sensitivity and resolution. With greater resolution we hoped that we might be able to draw radio maps of individual radio sources with sufficient detail to give some indication of the physical processes which brought them into being."
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The One Mile Telescope was built in the late 1950s with the goal of observing the early days of the universe. The construction of the telescope allowed to get more detailed images, allowing a better understanding of the physical phenomena at work.
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England’s Young Lions booked their place in May’s Under 17 European Championship with an impressive 3-1 win over Slovenia at Chesterfield. John Peacock’s team, the defending European champions, surged into a three-goal lead by half-time courtesy of goals from Reece Oxford and Nathan Holland followed by an own goal by Matija Rom. Although Slovenia pulled a goal back through Jan Mlakar in the 65th minute, England were worthy winners and advanced to May’s finals in Bulgaria with a match to spare. England's Under 17 squad secured a place at the European Championships on Monday after beating Slovenia . Reece Oxfoed (centre) headed the England team into the lead after 20 minutes against Slovenia . Oxford (centre), the England Under 17 captain, celebrates putting his side ahead . England (4-2-3-1): Paul Woolston (Newcastle United); James Yates (Everton), Reece Oxford (C; West Ham United), Easah Suliman (Aston Villa), Jay DaSilva (Chelsea): Tom Davies (Everton), Daniel Wright (Sunderland); Nathan Holland (Everton), Chris Willock (Arsenal), Layton Ndukwu (Leicester City); Kazaiah Sterling (Tottenham Hotspur) Substitutions: Will Patching (Manchester City) for Willock 48; Marcus Edwards (Tottenham Hotspur) for Ndukwu 54; Lukas Nmecha (Manchester City) for Holland 64. Scorers: Oxford 20; Holland 36, Rom own goal 38 . Booked: Suliman, Oxford . Slovenia (4-3-2-1): Rok Vodisek; Matija Rom, Luka Gucek, Oscar Cvjeticanin, Sven Karic Sostaric; Vitja Malencic, Sandi Ogrinec, Kristjan Sredojevic; Jacob Novak, Timi Max Elsnik; Jan Mlakar (C) Substitutions: Rok Buzinel for Rom 40; Dejan Petrovic for Ogrinec 40; Gaber Petric for Sredojevic 67 . Scorer: Mlakar 65 . Boosted by Saturday’s 3-1 win over Norway at Burton-upon-Trent, England made the short trip north to Chesterfield full of confidence ahead of the second of three Elite Round qualifiers held this week. And they were soon on the offensive, with visiting goalkeeper Rok Vodisek pushing away a fierce shot from the Leicester striker Layton Ndukwu, who was chasing his fifth goal in Euro qualifying, inside two minutes. Slovenia, who had easily beaten Romania 3-0 in their first game of the qualifying mini-group on Saturday night, threatened when Timi Max Semic cut inside and forced England goalkeeper Paul Woolston into a low fingertip save. But England took the lead on 20 minutes and it was all the work of young Everton winger Holland. He helped win a corner with a purposeful run and then swung in a delivery that Oxford, the captain, headed into the top corner. Back came Slovenia and Newcastle stopper Woolston excelled with a one-handed save to keep out Jacob Novak’s thunderbolt. While the away side failed to take their chances, England were clinical and were in total command by half-time. Holland gained a goal that was just reward for his efforts on 36 minutes, playing a one-two with Arsenal man Chris Willock inside the box before drilling the ball into the bottom corner from 10 yards. And Holland was involved in the third too, which arrived two minutes later. Having advanced into space down the right, his cut-back was sliced by full-back Rom into his own net. Peacock was allowed the luxury to make changes in the second period and Manchester City duo Will Patching and Lukas Nmecha were given a run-out, as was Tottenham’s Marcus Edwards. Nathan Holland celebrates adding England's second goal of the game in the 36th minute . Holland celebrates his strike with his international team-mates as England cruised to victory . England's victory meant they qualified with five wins from five and still have a group game remaining . And the latter came close to scoring the fourth following some nifty footwork but his shot from a tight angle was blocked at the near post. Slovenia deserved something on the balance of play and pulled one back 15 minutes from time when Fiorentina man Mlakar, the skipper, looped home a back post header. But a comeback never looked likely and England complete their qualifying campaign against Romania at Burton on Thursday knowing their place in the finals is already rubber-stamped.
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England Under 17 captain Reece Oxford scored as England beat Slovenia . Oxford scored the opener and England were 3-0 up at half-time . They secured European Championship qualification with a game to spare .
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Mateo Kovacic will not be joining Liverpool from Inter Milan. Liverpool scouts have watched Inter Milan this season and the Croatia international has been linked with a move to Anfield. However, Kovacic’s representative, Nikky Vuksan, insists the midfielder will remain at San Siro. Mateo Kovacic has been strongly linked with a transfer from Inter Milan to Liverpool . But Kovacic's representative insists that the Croatia midfielder will not be leaving Inter Milan . Kovacic has caught the attention of Arsenal and Everton as well as Liverpool manager Brendan Rodgers . 'It is not going to happen. Mateo extended his contract with Inter in January. Could it be that clubs are negotiating? No, that is not possible without Mateo and me knowing about it. 'Also, I have a player at Liverpool, Dejan Lovren so I would know about it. Both the English and Italian media speculate and find new clubs that want Kovacic every week. He’ll stay at Inter.' Talking to Croatia newspaper Vecernji list, he added: 'Also, if there was something going on, believe me journalists would be the last to find out.' Kovacic, who has been watched by Arsenal and Everton in recent months also, has scored eight goals in 34 appearances in all competitions for Inter this season but is out with a knee ligament injury.
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Mateo Kovacic has been strongly linked with a move to Liverpool . The Croatia midfielder's agent has rejected the speculation . Nikky Vusan insists that Kovacic will stay put at Inter Milan .
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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An airline has paid an undisclosed amount to more than 70 injured survivors of plane crash in San Francisco two years ago, court papers have revealed. The beneficiaries are all survivors of Asiana Flight 214, which slammed into a seawall at the city's airport in March 2013, leaving three dead and nearly 200 injured. The settlement with 72 passengers who filed personal injury claims also includes Boeing, which made the airplane, and Air Cruisers Co., the New Jersey company that made its evacuation slides. Liabilities: The wreckage of Asiana Flight 214 after it crashed at the San Francisco International Airport in San Francisco. More than 70 passengers have reached a settlement in their lawsuits against the airline . Disaster: An aerial view of the destroyed aircraft, which was consumed by fire after crash landing . The court filing published yesterday did not include the settlement's financial terms, details which plaintiffs' attorney Frank Pitre said are confidential. 'This is the first positive step for these passengers to be able to get closure on a tragic, catastrophic crash and hopefully try to get their lives back together,' Mr Pitre said. 'We're pleased we've been able to get this first phase resolved.' Dozens more cases involving other passengers are still pending in federal court in Northern California. Boeing spokesman Miles Kotay said the aerospace firm does not comment on pending litigation. Calls to attorneys for Asiana and Air Cruisers Co. were not immediately returned, the Associated Press reported. On July 6 2013 three Chinese teenagers were killed and nearly 200 others hurt when the Boeing 777 from South Korea slammed into a seawall at the end of a runway during final approach to to San Francisco International Airport. The impact ripped off the back of the plane, tossed out three flight attendants and their seats, and scattered pieces of the jet across the runway as it spun and skidded to a stop. Victims: Ye Mengyuan, left, and Wang Linjia, right, pose for photos with other classmates in the classroom in Jiangshan city in eastern China's Zhejiang province. Both died in the Asiana jet crash in 2013 . Grief: An unidentified relative of one of the crash victims cries at the Asiana Airlines' counter as she and other family members check in for a flight to San Francisco at Pudong International Airport in Shanghai . U.S. safety investigators blamed the pilots, saying they bungled the landing approach by inadvertently deactivating the plane's key control for airspeed, among other errors. But the National Transportation Safety Board also said the complexity of the Boeing 777's auto-throttle and auto flight director — two of the plane's key systems for controlling flight — contributed to the accident. The NTSB also faulted materials provided to airlines by Chicago-based Boeing, saying they fail to make clear the conditions in which the auto-throttle doesn't automatically maintain speed. Investigators said captain Lee Kang-Kuk, a seasoned Airbus A320 pilot transitioning to the bigger Boeing 777, cut the autopilot on final approach into San Francisco, where the instrument landing system was out of service. Doing so put the auto-throttle on hold, meaning it would no longer automatically control airspeed, explained investigator-in-chief Bill English. When the jet dipped below the correct glide path, Captain Lee reacted by pulling the nose up - but the auto-throttle, still on hold, failed to deliver an expected burst of engine power that would have enabled the airliner to make the runway. Mr Pitre said the passengers who settled had injuries that were less serious and have stabilized. At least 14 of the people with whom settlements were reached are minors, requiring the court to approve the agreements, according to Tuesday's filing.
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Financial details of the settlements remain confidential, says lawyer . The lawsuit included those passengers with the least serious injuries . Dozens more cases are still pending in Northern California federal courts .
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Given this paragraph about kubernetes, what is the storage layer of Kubernetes control plane?
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The Kubernetes master node handles the Kubernetes control plane of the cluster, managing its workload and directing communication across the system. The Kubernetes control plane consists of various components, each its own process, that can run both on a single master node or on multiple masters supporting high-availability clusters. The various components of the Kubernetes control plane are as follows:
etcd is a persistent, lightweight, distributed, key-value data store that CoreOS has developed. It reliably stores the configuration data of the cluster, representing the overall state of the cluster at any given point of time. etcd favors consistency over availability in the event of a network partition (see CAP theorem). The consistency is crucial for correctly scheduling and operating services.
The API server serves the Kubernetes API using JSON over HTTP, which provides both the internal and external interface to Kubernetes. The API server processes and validates REST requests and updates the state of the API objects in etcd, thereby allowing clients to configure workloads and containers across worker nodes. The API server uses etcd's watch API to monitor the cluster, roll out critical configuration changes, or restore any divergences of the state of the cluster back to what the deployer declared. As an example, the deployer may specify that three instances of a particular "pod" (see below) need to be running. etcd stores this fact. If the Deployment Controller finds that only two instances are running (conflicting with the etcd declaration), it schedules the creation of an additional instance of that pod.
The scheduler is the extensible component that selects on which node an unscheduled pod (the basic entity managed by the scheduler) runs, based on resource availability. The scheduler tracks resource use on each node to ensure that workload is not scheduled in excess of available resources. For this purpose, the scheduler must know the resource requirements, resource availability, and other user-provided constraints or policy directives such as quality-of-service, affinity vs. anti-affinity requirements, and data locality. The scheduler's role is to match resource "supply" to workload "demand".
A controller is a reconciliation loop that drives the actual cluster state toward the desired state, communicating with the API server to create, update, and delete the resources it manages (e.g., pods or service endpoints). One kind of controller is a Replication Controller, which handles replication and scaling by running a specified number of copies of a pod across the cluster. It also handles creating replacement pods if the underlying node fails. Other controllers that are part of the core Kubernetes system include a DaemonSet Controller for running exactly one pod on every machine (or some subset of machines), and a Job Controller for running pods that run to completion (e.g., as part of a batch job). Labels selectors that are part of the controller's definition specify the set of pods that a controller manages.
The controller manager is a process that manages a set of core Kubernetes controllers.
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ETCD
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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Barcelona and Real Madrid's Sunday night showdown dominates the front pages of Spain's newspapers as El Clasico nears. Marca ask the question 'MSN or BBC' as Lionel Messi, Luis Suarez and Neymar go head to head with Gareth Bale, Karim Benzema and Cristiano Ronaldo. The feeling in Spain's newspapers is that this match could decide who wins the La Liga title, with Carlo Ancelotti's Real just one point behind Luis Enrique's Barca. MSN or BBC? Spanish newspaper Marca say this match could decide who wins the La Liga title . Spanish newspapers Sport and Mundo Deportivo have led on El Clasico coverage for Sunday . AS go with Real Madrid on the front and call it a 'universal Clasico' as they prepare to travel to Barcelona . Marca quote Barcelona manager Enrique as saying: 'I know we are going to cause them a lot of danger.' Real Madrid president Florentino Perez, meanwhile, responds with: 'Let nobody forget, these players won La Decima.' The game is set to be watched by more than 400 million people, and the world's best stars will need to be at their best at the Nou Camp. Over in Italy their newspapers are concentrating on AC Milan.The Italian club are seventh in Serie A after beating Cagliari 3-1 on Saturday. They have only won against the bottom three in 2015, and those points were needed to avoid remaining behind rivals Inter. Corriere dello Sport say 'quiet, Milan are back up' on their front page, while La Gazetta Sportiva write: Milan Vive La France.' La Gazzetta Sportiva write 'Milan Vive La France' while Corriere dello Sport go with 'quiet, Milan are back up'
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Barcelona welcome Real Madrid to the Nou Camp on Sunday night in La Liga . It has been billed as the two best attacks in the world against each other . Lionel Messi, Luis Suarez and Neymar will feature for Barca while Cristiano Ronaldo, Karim Benzema and Gareth Bale will star for Real .
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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You've got the ball, you look up, see the same colour jersey you're wearing, and pass it that way. What could go wrong? Well, for DeMar DeRozan, everything. The Toronto Raptors shooting guard accidentally gave the ball away by passing to Joakim Noah - who was stood by the bench. Noah found it funny, receiving high fives from his team-mates and applauding the mistake, as questions were asked whether it was a clever ploy by the Chicago Bulls sub. Chicago Bulls' Joakim Noah (in the white on the touchline) as Toronto Raptors' DeMar DeRozan has the ball . Noah holds the ball after being passed it accidentally by DeRozan during the NBA game . Chicago Bulls' Noah found the incident funny after DeRozan's accident that gave the opposition the ball back . Noah afterwards reportedly said: 'I was wearing a white shirt so (DeRozan) thought I was a Raptor. Unfortunately, there’s nobody with a bun, long hair, beard on Raptors.' The night got worse for DeRozan as the Raptors lost 116-103 against the Bulls. Yet this game will be remembered more for DeRozan's mishap more than the defeat. Chicago Bulls' Noah laughs after Toronto Raptors' DeRozan accidentally passed him the ball .
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Chiaco Bulls' Joakim Noah was wearing white as he stood by the bench . Toronto Raptors' DeMar DeRozan accidentally passed the ball to him . Noah received high fives from his team-mates afterwards .
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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Manchester United have been heavily criticised by former Liverpool star Jan Molby, as the playmaker adds fuel to fire ahead of the crucial clash in the race for the Champions League places. The ex-Danish international is very much a favourite at his former employers and was keen to play up Liverpool's chances of pipping United to fourth. Molby gave a scathing review on Louis van Gaal's side and has described their position in the Champions League places as a 'miracle.' Jan Molby labelled Manchester United as 'clueless' and thinks it's a 'miracle' where they are in the table . He told the Daily Star: 'I've seen a lot of United's matches this season and I find it quite amazing they are in the top four. The best way of describing them is clueless. 'I look at United and see weaknesses. If we move the ball at pace and put them under pressure from the start then we will cause them a lot of problems. 'Considering the talent they have available, they just haven't performed. Louis van Gaal and Wayne Rooney won't be pleased with Molby's comments ahead of the clash . 'But having an excellent keeper and not conceding many goals has enabled them to paper over the cracks and win games narrowly. 'The fact they are fourth is a minor miracle. Their performances just haven't merited a top-four place. 'They aren't in the best four teams in the Premier League and Liverpool are in much better shape.' Liverpool are the in-form team in the Premier League with the Champions League places in their sights .
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Former Liverpool star Jan Molby labelled Manchester United as 'clueless' Molby thinks his old side will pip Louis van Gaal's side to fourth . Liverpool welcome United to Anfield in a crucial Premier League clash . Click here for all the latest Liverpool news .
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Provide a bulleted list of the territorial changes from the Treaty of Versailles
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The Treaty of Versailles Territorial Changes
The treaty stripped Germany of 65,000 km2 (25,000 sq mi) of territory and 7 million people. It also required Germany to give up the gains made via the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and grant independence to the protectorates that had been established. In Western Europe, Germany was required to recognize Belgian sovereignty over Moresnet and cede control of the Eupen-Malmedy area. Within six months of the transfer, Belgium was required to conduct a plebiscite on whether the citizens of the region wanted to remain under Belgian sovereignty or return to German control, communicate the results to the League of Nations and abide by the League's decision.[n. 8] To compensate for the destruction of French coal mines, Germany was to cede the output of the Saar coalmines to France and control of the Saar to the League of Nations for 15 years; a plebiscite would then be held to decide sovereignty.[n. 9] The treaty restored the provinces of Alsace-Lorraine to France by rescinding the treaties of Versailles and Frankfurt of 1871 as they pertained to this issue.[n. 10] France was able to make the claim that the provinces of Alsace-Lorraine were indeed part of France and not part of Germany by disclosing a letter sent from the Prussian King to the Empress Eugénie that Eugénie provided, in which William I wrote that the territories of Alsace-Lorraine were requested by Germany for the sole purpose of national defense and not to expand the German territory. The sovereignty of Schleswig-Holstein was to be resolved by a plebiscite to be held at a future time (see Schleswig Plebiscites).
In Central Europe Germany was to recognize the independence of Czechoslovakia (which had actually been controlled by Austria) and cede parts of the province of Upper Silesia.[n. 11] Germany had to recognize the independence of Poland and renounce "all rights and title over the territory". Portions of Upper Silesia were to be ceded to Poland, with the future of the rest of the province to be decided by plebiscite. The border would be fixed with regard to the vote and to the geographical and economic conditions of each locality.[n. 12] The Province of Posen (now Poznań), which had come under Polish control during the Greater Poland Uprising, was also to be ceded to Poland. Pomerelia (Eastern Pomerania), on historical and ethnic grounds, was transferred to Poland so that the new state could have access to the sea and became known as the Polish Corridor. The sovereignty of part of southern East Prussia was to be decided via plebiscite while the East Prussian Soldau area, which was astride the rail line between Warsaw and Danzig, was transferred to Poland outright without plebiscite.[n. 13] An area of 51,800 square kilometres (20,000 square miles) was granted to Poland at the expense of Germany. Memel was to be ceded to the Allied and Associated powers, for disposal according to their wishes.[n. 14] Germany was to cede the city of Danzig and its hinterland, including the delta of the Vistula River on the Baltic Sea, for the League of Nations to establish the Free City of Danzig.[n. 15]
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- Western Europe: Germany ceded control of the Eupen-Malmedy area to Belgium and the provinces of Alsace-Lorrraine to France
- Central Europe: Germany recognized the independence of Czechoslovakia and Poland
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What was the hit single on Nek's 1996 Album Lei, gli amici e tutto il resto?
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Lei, gli amici e tutto il resto (She, friends and everything else), is the fourth studio album by Italian singer-songwriter Nek. It was released in 1996, as his first studio album with Warner Music Group. It was re-released on 1 March 1997, after the success of the single "Laura non c'è", which had not been included in the album.
Since 1999 there have been reported sales of over 2 million copies all over the world.
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Laura non c'è" was the hit single, but wasn't added until the album was released in 1997.
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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A grandfather 'used like a football' by hooligans was today in a coma and fighting for life after a matchday pub brawl that police broke up using CS gas. Cambridge United supporter Simon Dobbin, 42, was found on the ground with serious head injuries following the fight involving about 15 people after his side’s match at Southend United in Essex. Football fans have already raised more than £5,000 towards transport and accommodation costs for Mr Dobbin’s family, who are travelling from Mildenhall, Suffolk, to visit him in Southend Hospital. Scroll down for video . Brain damage: Father-of-three Simon Dobbin (left), who is married to Nicole (right), 43, also suffered damaged hips, broken ribs and a broken nose in the attack - and he is now on a life-support machine . Before the trouble: Mr Dobbin (centre) with fellow Cambridge United fans at Roots Hall for the match against Southend United on Saturday. It was attended by 7,224 fans, including 791 supporters from Cambridge . His father-in-law Jim Faley told the Bury Free Press: ‘If Simon doesn’t come around soon, he may never wake up. We are all hoping - but in the back of our minds we are not 100 per cent sure.’ ‘Even if he comes out in a wheelchair, at least he will still be with us. There were 12 to 15 guys who came out of the pub, they were singing and dancing, and then they just jumped them. ‘The doctors aren’t holding out much hope. They [the attackers] just used him like a football. According to some people, if it wasn’t for his friend laying on top of him they would have killed him.’ Father-of-three Mr Dobbin, who is married to Nicole, 43, suffered brain damage, damaged hips, broken ribs and a broken nose in the attack - and he is now on a life-support machine. Terry Waye, manager of the Half Moon pub in Mildenhall, where Mr Dobbin is a regular, told the Cambridge News: ‘The last we have heard is that he may come off the ventilator on Wednesday. 'But he will still be in a coma and he may not pull through. If he does he may never walk again and has suffered brain damage. He is the most gentle man I know and very kind.' Scene: Mr Dobbin was found on the ground with serious head injuries following the fight involving about 15 people outside The Railway Tavern pub - next to Prittlewell train station, and a short walk from Roots Hall . Brawl: Police were called to the scene at about 7.20pm on Saturday, before arresting a 33-year-old man from Southend and a 23-year-old man from Westcliff on suspicion of causing grievous bodily harm . Mr Dobbin's son Liam said on Facebook: ‘I can't explain how much we appreciate all the support. ‘My dad is a well-loved bloke who cares so much for everyone and it's nice to see when times get tough like this everyone pulls together and supports him. Thank you.’ The skirmish followed a League Two match between Southend and Cambridge at Roots Hall stadium, a short walk from The Railway Tavern pub - next to Prittlewell train station. Police were called to the scene at about 7.20pm on Saturday, before arresting a 33-year-old man from Southend and a 23-year-old man from Westcliff on suspicion of causing grievous bodily harm. The first was due to answer bail yesterday, while the latter was bailed to May 27. Witnesses reported seeing about 20 police cars and a helicopter on Saturday night - while one fan claimed to have escorted his father and wife out of the pub's back door when the fighting began. Dan Wilson, a Southend fan who lives near the pub and witnessed the scene from his home, told MailOnline: ‘We heard shouting coming from the pub, and saw about four guys coming out. ‘There were guys inside the pub trying to get out, and then the guys outside the pub started chucking a billboard outside through the door. All you could hear was glass being thrown. ‘Four guys started walking towards Prittlewell station down the hill and about 20 people ran across the road. Someone said “you've just hit my old man”. Then they've all gone into the pub. ‘I saw people running across the road - and two guys punched the window of the pub with their hand, before coppers dragged them away. It happened so quickly.’ Another supporter named Rayleigh Dan, writing on the Southend fans’ forum ShrimperZone, said on Saturday that he heard a window being broken before people in the pub rushed outside. He added: ‘The next thing I knew the police had cordoned off the pub and we weren't allowed to leave for about an hour. Following this they examined everyone thoroughly. ‘We had to give full details of name and address, what we had and hadn't saw - they we're scanning and filming us with some sort of camera. Confrontation: Fans also told of trouble at the Spread Eagle pub – next to the football ground – before the match, and a video showed supporters being moved along on the pavement outside . Tense scenes: Six Southend fans were issued with banning orders last season, compared to one from Cambridge, according to Home Office data, although both figures are relatively low compared to other clubs . ‘I'm not one for trouble so didn't recognise the device. It was horrible to experience and I hope anyone involved is caught and dealt with swiftly.’ A 47-year-old man from Cambridge was also arrested on suspicion of causing criminal damage, after the pub’s door was smashed. Earlier, fans told of trouble at the Spread Eagle pub – next to the football ground – before the match, and a video showed supporters being moved along on the pavement outside. The game - which was billed in advance by Southend as a 'Community Day' - finished 0-0 and was attended by 7,224 fans, including 791 supporters from Cambridge. Cambridge chairman Dave Doggett said: ‘The thoughts and prayers of everyone at Cambridge United are with Simon and his family and friends.’ And a Cambridge club statement said: ‘Simon Dobbin was walking to Prittlewell train station with his friend and a small group of fellow United fans after watching the rugby in a pub following the U's 0-0 draw at Southend on Saturday. Match: Southend United's Barry Corr beats Cambridge United's Richard Tait to the ball during the 0-0 draw . Location: The Railway Tavern (file image) is next to Prittlewell station, on the London Liverpool Street line . ‘The U's fans made the 500m walk to Prittlewell station but were attacked as they made their way down towards the platform. Simon remains in Southend University Hospital in a critical condition.’ A statement on the website raising funds for Mr Dobbin - which had already doubled its £2,500 goal by 9am today – said: ‘A loving gentle giant who is a father, husband, son, brother, uncle, brother-in-law, son-in-law, grandad and a top friend was brutally beaten and left in a coma fighting for his life. ‘He is suffering brain damage. We are asking for your support and donations - however much you can afford - to help towards costs of transport and accommodation and any other general financial needs of Simon, his wife and children. I want to thank you for your donations and support. Please send a prayer to Simon for a full recovery.’ Six Southend fans were issued with banning orders last season, compared to one from Cambridge, according to Home Office data, although both figures are relatively low compared to other clubs.
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Simon Dobbin, 42, found on ground with serious head injuries after fight . It involved about 15 people following Southend v Cambridge on Saturday . Fans raise £5,000 in transport and accommodation costs for his family . Father-of-three suffered brain damage, damaged hips and broken ribs . Mr Dobbin is now on a life-support machine and 'may never walk again'
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Extract what happened to Athens in the Peloponnesian War
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Lack of political unity within Greece resulted in frequent conflict between Greek states. The most devastating intra-Greek war was the Peloponnesian War (431–404 BC), won by Sparta and marking the demise of the Athenian Empire as the leading power in ancient Greece. Both Athens and Sparta were later overshadowed by Thebes and eventually Macedon, with the latter uniting most of the city-states of the Greek hinterland in the League of Corinth (also known as the Hellenic League or Greek League) under the control of Philip II. Despite this development, the Greek world remained largely fragmented and would not be united under a single power until the Roman years.
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Athens lost the Peloponnesian war leading to the demise of the Athenian Empire
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Who wrote Ready Player One?
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Ready Player One is a 2011 science fiction novel, and the debut novel of American author Ernest Cline. The story, set in a dystopia in 2045, follows protagonist Wade Watts on his search for an Easter egg in a worldwide virtual reality game, the discovery of which would lead him to inherit the game creator's fortune. Cline sold the rights to publish the novel in June 2010, in a bidding war to the Crown Publishing Group (a division of Random House). The book was published on August 16, 2011. An audiobook was released the same day; it was narrated by Wil Wheaton, who was mentioned briefly in one of the chapters.Ch. 20 In 2012, the book received an Alex Award from the Young Adult Library Services Association division of the American Library Association and won the 2011 Prometheus Award.
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Ready Player One is a 2011 science fiction novel written by American author Ernest Cline.
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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New Delhi, India (CNN)A passenger train overshot a stop and jumped its tracks in northern India on Friday, killing at least 30 people and injuring more than 50 others, a railway spokesman said. The train was headed from Dehradun to the Hindu holy city of Varanasi when it overshot an intended stop more than halfway along the route, about 35 kilometers (22 miles) east of Lucknow in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, railway spokesman Neeraj Sharma said. Two coaches and the locomotive derailed. Video from the site, shown by CNN affiliate IBN, showed emergency workers pulling passengers from the train as a crowd looked on. The cause of the incident will be investigated, Sharma said. CNN's Harmeet Singh reported from New Delhi. CNN's Jason Hanna wrote in Atlanta.
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A passenger train derails about 35 kilometers (22 miles) east of Lucknow in northern India . The train overshot an intended stop, a railway spokesman says .
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From the passage provided, extract the distance between Mercury and Sun in AU when it is closest to the sun in its orbit.
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Mercury (0.307–0.588 AU (45.9–88.0 million km; 28.5–54.7 million mi) from the Sun) is the closest planet to the Sun. The smallest planet in the Solar System (0.055 MEarth), Mercury has no natural satellites. The dominant geological features are impact craters or basins with ejecta blankets, the remains of early volcanic activity including magma flows, and lobed ridges or rupes that were probably produced by a period of contraction early in the planet's history. Mercury's very tenuous atmosphere consists of solar-wind particles trapped by Mercury's magnetic field, as well as atoms blasted off its surface by the solar wind.Its relatively large iron core and thin mantle have not yet been adequately explained. Hypotheses include that its outer layers were stripped off by a giant impact, or that it was prevented from fully accreting by the young Sun's energy. There have been searches for "Vulcanoids", asteroids in stable orbits between Mercury and the Sun, but none have been discovered.
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Mercury has egg shaped orbit. The distance between the Sun and the Mercury when Mercury is closest to the sun it is orbit is 0.307 AU.
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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Christian Eriksen's consistently brilliant performances with Tottenham Hotspur this season have attracted the interest of clubs around Europe - but Spurs icon Jurgen Klinsmann hopes the Dane will resist the temptation to move. The 23-year-old has 11 goals for Spurs this season and, alongside breakthrough star Harry Kane, has provided the main attacking threat as Mauricio Pochettino looks to break into the Barclays Premier League top four. And with Europe's elite inevitably sniffing around in the hope of signing Eriksen, former Tottenham striker Klinsmann has expressed his hope that the north London club can hang on to one of their star performers. Christian Eriksen has been in brilliant form for Tottenham but his performances will be attracting attention . Klinsmann, a former Tottenham favourite, comes up against Eriksen when his US team face Denmark . The former Germany international, who now manages the US national team, spent one season at White Hart Lane in the 1994-95 campaign but wants Eriksen to stay longer than his spell. 'There's no bigger club than Tottenham,' Klinsmann joked when asked if Eriksen could play for a bigger club. 'Every player chooses their own path and sees their own limit, and I'm sure he wants to see his own limits and where he can go one day. 'For me, Tottenham was a wonderful experience and I wouldn't have wanted to miss a second of it. But I chose to leave the club for Bayern Munich to win trophies. Eriksen hits a shot against Leicester that was eventually deflected in by Jeff Schlupp (left) for the winner . Klinsmann said he was 'curious' to see how many more years Eriksen would stay at Tottenham . 'I hope he stays for a long time at Spurs. It's a very competitive squad so there's no time for him to relax as someone will jump in and take his spot. I'm curious to see him for many more years at Tottenham. Klinsmann's US side face Eriksen's Denmark on Wednesday evening, and Klinsmann had praise for the 'tremendously talented' Danish playmaker. 'He is an exceptional talent and that's why he's at Tottenham,' he said. 'He's tremendously talented and seeing some of his goals this season and how he has been the difference in some of the games shows that he can turn it on.' The German international spent one season at White Hart Lane in the mid-90s but was a fans' favourite . Klinsmann celebrates a goal with Teddy Sheringham and his Spurs team-mates in 1995 .
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Christian Eriksen has been in brilliant form for Tottenham this season . Paris Saint-Germain have been linked with a move for the playmaker . But Jurgen Klinsmann wants Eriksen to stay at Spurs for years to come . Tottenham icon jokes that there is 'no bigger club than Tottenham'
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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Tunis (CNN)Tunisian President Beji Caid Essebsi confirmed that a third person took part in last week's Bardo museum terror attack in an interview Sunday with French TV Station iTele. "There were for certain three terrorists," Essebsi said. "There is one on the run. He will not get far." Previously two suspects had been identified -- Yassine Labidi and Saber Khachnaou -- though it wasn't immediately clear if they were the pair killed at the museum by Tunisian security forces. He said Yassine was "known to the security services, he was flagged and monitored," but not known or being followed for anything special. Authorities have arrested nine people in connection with the attack, including four directly linked to it, according to Essebsi. The development came a day after the bodies of four Italian tourists slain in the attack arrived back in Italy, an official with the Tunis Crisis Center told CNN, but 14 victims' remains still lie in the morgue. Most of the 23 victims were foreigners, making the process of identification more complicated. Nineteen of them were tourists who'd been on two cruise ships that docked in Tunis. French, Spanish, Italian, British, Japanese, Russian and Colombian citizens are among those to have been formally identified so far. The bodies of the Italians were met in Rome by Italian Prime Minister Matteo Renzi, who paid his respects to the victims and their families in a brief ceremony. Eleven people who were injured in the attack remained in the hospital in Tunisia on Saturday, the official at the Tunis Crisis Center said. An uncle of Yassine Labidi, Abeld Malik Labidi, told CNN on Friday that no one he knew had seen any signs of extremism in his 26-year-old nephew. But he said Yassine Labidi was one of the two gunmen killed at the museum. "It's true that Yassine carried out this terrorist attack, he was killed; his head, his body, we don't have it back," he said. But, he said, he believed Yassine and other young Tunisians like him were also victims of terrorism -- of the recruiters who paid them money, organized the logistics and took them to places like Syria and Libya to train as fighters. He had known his nephew well, he said. "After the revolution of 2011 he started to pray, before he would drink beers from time to time, like a young Tunisian. He wasn't extreme in any way." The only thing that raised questions was that Yassine had disappeared for about a month, he said. Although his nephew said he'd gone to the Tunisian city of Sfax to work, his family now suspected he had been in Libya because of the phone numbers he called from. "When he came back his behavior was the same: he was still himself, calm, serious. Nobody noticed anything, even the neighbors I spoke to," said Abeld Malik Labidi. "He said hello to everyone, he prayed, he took his coffee, even on the day of the attack he took his coffee with his family and went to work." Abeld Malik Labidi said Yassine's father, sister and brother had undergone lengthy interrogations by anti-terror police since the attack. Officers had seized his nephew's computer and phone, as well as taking samples of his fingerprints, he said. A cousin of Yassine, who asked not to be named, told CNN that the family was shocked by what had happened. "We are all shocked, we lost someone even if what he did was wrong, may God forgive him. Those he killed were innocent, why would you go and harm Australians or Japanese ... our Islam doesn't mention about killing people, Islam has never been this," he said. He also said he had no idea how his cousin had been radicalized, saying he was "a normal Tunisian guy ... but not an extremist." Security Minister Rafik Chelly said on Friday that the two extremists who attacked the museum got weapons training at camps in Libya. The suspects were activated from sleeper cells in Tunisia, he said. He did not say which group activated them, or with whom they trained. "They left the country illegally last December for Libya, and they were able to train with weapons there," he told private broadcaster AlHiwar Ettounsi TV. Like Tunisia, Libya saw its longtime leader Moammar Gadhafi ousted during the regional wave of revolutions known as the Arab Spring. But unlike its neighbor to the west, Libya has been fraught with more instability and violence -- much of it perpetrated by Islamist militants. In an audio message posted online Thursday, ISIS claimed responsibility for Wednesday's attack, which it said targeted "crusaders and apostates" with "automatic weapons and hand grenades." CNN cannot independently verify the legitimacy of the audio statement. That bloodshed is "just the start," the ISIS message warned -- a threat that may or may not be hollow, but nonetheless adds extra urgency for Tunisian investigators. CNN's Claudia Rebaza reported from Tunis and Laura Smith-Spark wrote from London. CNN's Radina Gigova and Greg Botelho contributed to this report.
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Tunisian President says third person who took part in museum attack is on the run . The bodies of four Italian tourists killed in Tunis are returned to Italy .
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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Arsene Wenger has promised to back FA chairman Greg Dyke’s attempts to clean up football’s image and revealed how he sometimes has to silence himself to stop his touchline rage. Dyke has this week promised action to stop the intimidation of officials which he claimed had become ‘pretty scary’ after seeing the images of Chelsea players surrounding Dutch referee Bjorn Kuipers. ‘He has my complete support,’ said Arsenal boss Wenger. ‘We all have to respect the referee and make their jobs as easy as possible. It’s difficult enough for the referees — they are criticised a lot, and I include myself. I do remind my players but I don’t think we have a problem with that. Greg Dyke, pictured at the Mel Brooks BFI Fellowship Dinner on Friday, promised to take action to protect referees from hoards of players surrounding them . Arsene Wenger has promised to back the Football Association chairman over stopping ref intimidation . ‘We have never been reproached so on that front I don’t question myself too much. I question myself on my individual behaviour, that’s true.’ Wenger is often quick to let off steam at the fourth official and added: ‘Even sometimes at half-time I think, “Come on, stop that, my friend”, you know? And I think in the second half I will not say a word to him any more. ‘Sometimes it helps you to get your frustration out but I don’t think it is right, honestly. That doesn’t mean I don’t do it. I do. I’ve looked back on the tapes sometimes.’ Wenger, who admits he needs to rein in his criticism of referees, talks to the fourth official on Tuesday night . The Arsenal manager has word with the fourth official during the Champions League match against Monaco . Wenger also fears the officials are getting drawn into the thick of the action when they could be more peripheral. ‘I have spoken about this with referees,’ he said. ‘Maybe they are too close today because sometimes they are in the way of the pass. I can show you situations where they hide the vision of the pass. Because they are so directly involved they are surrounded sometimes when they should keep a bit of distance.’ Wenger admits there are times when managers like to see their players showing desire and unity but agrees with Dyke and UEFA president Michel Platini, who is also investigating ways to banish the problem in European games. Eight Chelsea players surround the referee as they try to get Zlatan Ibrahimovic sent off for PSG . ‘We want everybody to be respected and the referees are part of everybody,’ said the Arsenal boss. ‘What we have to do is respect the decisions. The referees know the worst offenders but I like to think it doesn’t work. Referees are prepared for that nowadays. They are warned and they can deal with it. ‘I agree completely that you want players to be ready to fight for each other. How far does that go? You have to draw a line somewhere. You cannot go after every decision of the referee. ‘In rugby it didn’t exist. Unfortunately since they have become professional I have seen signs of them starting to question the decisions of the referees. So it may be a result of the pressure of the professional game.’
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FA chairman Greg Dyke promised action to stop the intimidation of officials . Arsene Wenger will support any action insisting referees deserve respect . Arsenal boss admits he is guilty of criticising officials on the touchline .
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According to the passage below, what is Reinforcement Learning?
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Reinforcement learning (RL) is an area of machine learning concerned with how intelligent agents ought to take actions in an environment in order to maximize the notion of cumulative reward. Reinforcement learning is one of three basic machine learning paradigms, alongside supervised learning and unsupervised learning.
Reinforcement learning differs from supervised learning in not needing labelled input/output pairs to be presented, and in not needing sub-optimal actions to be explicitly corrected. Instead the focus is on finding a balance between exploration (of uncharted territory) and exploitation (of current knowledge).
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In machine learning, reinforcement learning (RL) is a domain concerned with how intelligent agents respond to maximize their total rewards. Alongside supervised and unsupervised learning, it is one of 3 types of machine learning. Unlike supervised learning, RL does not require labeled data.
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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Emmanuel Adebayor has sent a message to his doubters by posting a wacky picture of himself accompanied with a statement suggesting he is not worried what people think about him. The eccentric character lived up to his personality by posing in a pair of sunglasses with skulls on each of the lenses. Adebayor wrote on Instagram: 'The important thing isn't what other people think you are. It's who you are. #Godfirst #aftertraining #GodisGood #faith #workhard #team228 #whynot #RR #lifesgood.' Emmanuel Adebayor has hit out at his doubters by stating he is not worried what other people think . Adebayor's last appearance came in the FA Cup fourth round against Leicester City . The Togo international has not played for Tottenham since January 24 when he came off the substitutes' bench to make a late appearance in his side's FA Cup defeat against Leicester. Adebayor will be hoping to feature against Manchester United on Sunday afternoon as Tottenham look to close the gap on their upcoming opponents. Spurs boss Mauricio Pochettino, who gave his players a two-day break in the lead up to this weekend's showdown, has a fully fit squad available for their visit to Old Trafford. The 31-year-old will be hoping to face Manchester United on Sunday afternoon .
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Emmanuel Adebayor claims he's not worried what people think about him . The Spurs striker has not played a competitive match since January 24 . Tottenham face Manchester United at OId Trafford on Sunday afternoon .
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Has Thailand been part in the ABU TV Song Festival
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The participation of Thailand in the ABU TV Song Festival has occurred twice since the inaugural ABU TV Song Festival began in 2012. Since their début in 2013, the Thai entry has been organised by the national broadcaster Thai Public Broadcasting Service (TPBS). In 2015, Thailand withdrew from the festival.
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Indeed, Thailand has been participating in the ABU TV Song Festival. It has occurred twice since the inaugural ABU TV Song Festival began in 2012. Since their début in 2013, the Thai entry has been organised by the national broadcaster Thai Public Broadcasting Service (TPBS). In 2015, Thailand withdrew from the festival.
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What is Hispania
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Hispania (Latin: Hispānia [hɪsˈpaːnia], Spanish: [isˈpanja]; nearly identically pronounced in Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, and Italian) was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula and its provinces. Under the Roman Republic, Hispania was divided into two provinces: Hispania Citerior and Hispania Ulterior. During the Principate, Hispania Ulterior was divided into two new provinces, Baetica and Lusitania, while Hispania Citerior was renamed Hispania Tarraconensis. Subsequently, the western part of Tarraconensis was split off, first as Hispania Nova, later renamed "Callaecia" (or Gallaecia, whence modern Galicia). From Diocletian's Tetrarchy (AD 293) onwards, the south of the remainder of Tarraconensis was again split off as Carthaginensis, and all of the mainland Hispanic provinces, along with the Balearic Islands and the North African province of Mauretania Tingitana, were later grouped into a civil diocese headed by a vicarius. The name Hispania was also used in the period of Visigothic rule.
The modern place names Spain and Hispaniola are both derived from Hispania.
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Hispania (Latin: Hispānia [hɪsˈpaːnia], Spanish: [isˈpanja]; nearly identically pronounced in Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, and Italian) was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula and its provinces. Under the Roman Republic, Hispania was divided into two provinces: Hispania Citerior and Hispania Ulterior. During the Principate, Hispania Ulterior was divided into two new provinces, Baetica and Lusitania, while Hispania Citerior was renamed Hispania Tarraconensis.
Subsequently, the western part of Tarraconensis was split off, first as Hispania Nova, later renamed "Callaecia" (or Gallaecia, whence modern Galicia). From Diocletian's Tetrarchy (AD 293) onwards, the south of the remainder of Tarraconensis was again split off as Carthaginensis, and all of the mainland Hispanic provinces, along with the Balearic Islands and the North African province of Mauretania Tingitana, were later grouped into a civil diocese headed by a vicarius. The name Hispania was also used in the period of Visigothic rule.
The modern place names Spain and Hispaniola are both derived from Hispania.
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How much nutritional value do dried fruits retain?
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Dried fruit is fruit from which the majority of the original water content has been removed either naturally, through sun drying, or through the use of specialized dryers or dehydrators. Dried fruit has a long tradition of use dating back to the fourth millennium BC in Mesopotamia, and is prized because of its sweet taste, nutritive value and long shelf life.
Today, dried fruit consumption is widespread. Nearly half of the dried fruits sold are raisins, followed by dates, prunes, figs, apricots, peaches, apples, and pears. These are referred to as "conventional" or "traditional" dried fruits: fruits that have been dried in the sun or in heated wind tunnel dryers. Many fruits such as cranberries, blueberries, cherries, strawberries, and mango are infused with a sweetener (e.g. sucrose syrup) prior to drying. Some products sold as dried fruit, like papaya, kiwifruit and pineapple, are most often candied fruit.
Dried fruits retain most of the nutritional value of fresh fruits. The specific nutrient content of the different dried fruits reflects their fresh counterpart and the processing method.
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Dried fruits retain most of the nutritional value of fresh fruits. The specific nutrient content of the different dried fruits reflects their fresh counterpart and the processing method.
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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An imposter posing as a former Pakistan cricket star and repeatedly conned the BBC into paying him to appear on air as a pundit. Nadeem Alam posed as ex-batsman Nadeem Abbasi on BBC World News, BBC Asian Network and Radio Five Live, despite only ever playing for his home town of Huddersfield. His work even included a discussion with former Indian batsman Aakash Chopra. Now, Mr Abbasi is furious after becoming aware of the fraudster's antics - and blasted the Corporation for not checking their facts. Fake: Nadeem Alam repeatedly convinced the BBC he was as Pakistani cricket star Nadeem Abbasi . Mr Abbasi, who has played three Tests for Pakistan in 1989, is furious that the pretender has damaged his country's reputation and plans to punch him if they ever meet, The Sun reported. He told the newspaper : 'If I ever find Nadeem Alam, I will punch him in the face for damaging the country's reputation.' The 46-year-old, who now coaches a team in Rawalpindi, added: 'The BBC is a big institution and surely they must check?' He added his only media appearance was on Pakistani television during the World Cup in 1996. Real deal: Nadeeem Abbasi (pictured left) is furious after finding out about the fraudster's antics and blasted the BBC for not checking . He will take some comfort in Mr Alam's reassurance that he is 'no longer pretending to be Nadeem Abbasi'. But Mr Alam added that he believes his opinions have been 'good'. The 46-year-old, who has admitted posing as a squash player to blag free equipment, told The Sun: 'I like to think I have been talking good cricket.' A BBC spokesman said: 'We apologise to the real Mr Abbasi and we will be looking seriously into what has happened.'
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Nadeem Alam, 46, repeatedly posed as cricket star Nadeem Abbasi, also 46 . Appeared on BBC World News, BBC Asian Network and Radio Five Live . But he has only ever played cricket for his home town of Huddersfield . Former Pakistan batsman Mr Abbasi is furious at the imposter's antics . Mr Alam, from Manchester, is 'no longer pretending to be Nadeem Abbasi' The BBC has apologised to the 'real Mr Abbasi' and launched an inquiry .
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Mo Farah has had his nationality called into question by the Spaniard whose European half-marathon record he broke in Lisbon on Sunday. Fabian Roncero claimed he still considered himself the record holder because Farah set a new 'Somalian record'. Farah won the EDP Lisbon Half Marathon in 59 minutes 32 seconds to take 20 seconds off the mark set by Roncero 14 years ago. Mo Farah smashed the European record and completed thehalf-marathon in Lisbon in under 60 minutes . The GB Team runner takes a tumble after crossing the finish line and winning the half-marathon . In an interview with Spanish news agency EFE Roncero said 'what was broken in Lisbon was the Somalian record'. The double Olympic champion was born in Mogadishu in Somalia before moving to Britain as a child. Roncero's comments come in the wake of Farah's feud with compatriot Andy Vernon. Farah alleged his team-mate suggested he did not deserve the European 10,000 metres title he won last summer as he was not European, claims Vernon branded 'complete lies'. Fabian Roncero, pictured winning the Rotterdam Marathon in 1998, referred to Farah's time as a new 'Somalian record' Roncero, 44, added: 'For me, an athlete who was born in Kenya is Kenyan for life and one born in Somalia is Somalian forever.' Farah, who celebrated his 32nd birthday on Monday, has won five global titles in the colours of Great Britain to become arguably the country's greatest ever athlete. Farah has been involved in a social media feud with fellow runner Andy Vernon (left) Roncero also said: 'For me the 800m European record holder remains Sebastian Coe, the 1500m (holder) Fermin Cacho, the 5,000m (holder) Dieter Baumann and the 10,000m (holder) Antonio Pinto.' In fact Farah holds both the 1500m and 10,000m marks, while the 5,000m mark is held by Moroccan-born Belgian Mohammed Mourhit. Farah's camp declined to comment on Roncero's remarks when contacted.
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Mo Farah broke the European half-marathon record in Lisbon on Sunday . Olympic gold medalist had his nationality questioned by the previous record holder Fabian Roncero . The Spaniard commented a new 'Somalian record' had been set .
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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Disturbing footage has emerged showing two young women engaged in a violent brawl inside a supermarket. The two girls-who appear to be teenagers-can be seen throwing punches and pulling each other's hair in the checkout section of the Geelong supermarket, as one staff member continues to stack shelves. Police have identified the two women in the video, but they have yet to lay charges and the investigation is ongoing. The two girls-who appear to be teenagers-can be seen throwing punches and pulling each other's hair in the busy supermarket . A crowd of onlookers, including the person who filmed the fight, refrain from trying to stop the fight or help either of the girls. The vision was captured in a Coles supermarket in north Geelong. A police spokesperson told 9 News the supermarket is currently working to improve security. 'The people in the video have been identified, but no one has been interviewed at this stage and the investigation is ongoing,' the spokesman said. 'Victoria Police condemns this behaviour and will investigate the incidents. Those caught engaging in assaults or other criminal behaviour should expect to be charged.' Victorian police have urged anyone who witnessed the incident to call Crime Stoppers on 1800 333 000 . A police spokesperson said the Geelong supermarket is currently working to improve security . A crowd of onlookers, including the person who filmed the fight, refrain from trying to stop the fight or help either of the girls . Police have identified the two women in the video, but they have yet to lay charges and the investigation is ongoing .
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The vision was captured in a Coles supermarket in north Geelong . The two teenaged girls can be seen throwing punches and pulling hair . Onlookers, including staff, do nothing to stop the vicious brawl . Police have identified the two women and the investigation is ongoing .
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What is the population density of Germany?
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Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second-most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated between the Baltic and North seas to the north, and the Alps to the south; it covers an area of 357,022 square kilometres (137,847 sq mi), with a population of over 84 million within its 16 constituent states. Germany borders Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, and France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands to the west. The nation's capital and most populous city is Berlin and its main financial centre is Frankfurt; the largest urban area is the Ruhr.
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The population density of Germany is over 235 people per square kilometer, or over 600 people per square mile
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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An NHS trust accused of making a woman infertile after a botched appendix operation is trying to cut compensation for the mistake because they say she would not have been earning as much if she'd had a baby. Sarah Marquis claims she was 'rendered infertile' by doctors at Homerton Hospital in Hackney, East London, after her appendix burst in 2008. The 41-year-old lawyer is suing Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust for £1.5million in the belief that it is to blame for her infertility. Sarah Marquis, 41, is suing Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust after a botched operation left her infertile . But while the trust admits causing her injuries, it claims it does not owe her so much money in compensation as if she had been able to give birth she would not be earning as much. Instead it believes she is entitled to £300,000, with lawyers acting on its behalf telling the High Court that Ms Marquis's career would have been hampered if she'd ever given birth. The Court heard how the woman was admitted to hospital in 2008 after complaining of abdominal pains at her GP. She was treated with painkillers for three days before surgeons decided to remove the inflamed organ. But by the time they got round to operating, Ms Marquis's appendix had burst and an abdominal infection had set in. As a result she lost her ability to have children naturally. Describing the hospital's role in her ordeal, Ms Marquis's counsel Cara Guthrie said: 'Had it not been for the negligence of the defendants, Ms Marquis’ appendix would not have perforated. 'She would have made a rapid and uncomplicated recovery, avoiding an extended hospital stay, and she would not have been rendered infertile.' As a result of the botched operation Ms Marquis had to take time off from her £85,000 a year job and missed out on promotions abroad, she added. While the Trust's barrister admitted it was to blame for the complications, he denied her claim that she was entitled to £1.5million. The 41-year-old lawyer was treated at Homerton Hospital in Hackney, East London, )pictured above) in 2008 . Lawyers acting on behalf of the trust said Ms Marquis, who is also a Labour councillor, would not have been earning as much money if she had a baby. The hearing at the High Court (above) continues . He argued that rather than move up the career ladder her earnings would have slowed down as a result of giving birth. 'The Trust acknowledges the fault on its part that caused your injuries and it is sorry for that,' said Bradley Martin. '(But) the possibilities are that you would have got pregnant naturally in the six months you and your partner decided to really try for a baby after the negligence. Speaking of her long term partner who she began living with shortly after the surgery he added: 'You moved in together in order to have a baby.' He rejected her earlier claim that had it not been for the operation she would have been selected to work in the company's American offices as he said she would have been pregnant. Ms Marquis rejected his accusations. The 41-year-old had undergone IVF treatment in the past to become pregnant. 'If that was my only time to have a child then I would have done so...(but) I do value my career at the same time. 'I wanted to get my life back to normal. I had been off work effectively for three and a half years.' The hearing continues.
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Sarah Marquis was left unable to have children following botched surgery . Her appendix had burst by the time surgeons tried to operate in 2008 . The 41-year-old is suing Homerton Hospital in East London for damages . Claims she is entitled to £1.5million after being made infertile by doctors . The Trust admits it is to blame for the infection which cost her her fertility . But says she would be earning less if she had been able to conceive .
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What is the typical lifespan of a dog?
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The typical lifespan of dogs varies widely among breeds, but for most, the median longevity (the age at which half the dogs in a population have died and half are still alive) ranges from 10 to 13 years. The median longevity of mixed-breed dogs, taken as an average of all sizes, is one or more years longer than that of purebred dogs when all breeds are averaged. For dogs in England, increased body weight has been found to be negatively correlated with longevity (i.e., the heavier the dog, the shorter its lifespan), and mixed-breed dogs live on average 1.2 years longer than purebred dogs.
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The median lifespan of most dogs is between 10 and 13 years. It varies depending on the breed of the dog.
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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(CNN)Gov. Mike Pence unleashed a firestorm on Indiana last week when he signed the Religious Freedom Restoration Act. Critics of the law contend it could be used by individuals and businesses to discriminate -- particularly against the LGBT community of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender individuals -- on the basis of religion. The ramifications for the Hoosier State are just starting to be felt in the form of boycotts, petitions and travel bans. As the controversy mushrooms, here's what got us to where we are. And where things are headed. Last week, Pence put his signature on the RFRA -- a law that allows Indiana businesses to cite their religious freedom as a legal defense. The law states that the government can't "substantially burden a person's exercise of religion" and that individuals who feel like their religious beliefs have been or could be "substantially burdened" can lean on this law to fend off lawsuits. In an opinion piece in The Wall Street Journal, Pence says the RFRA "ensures that Indiana law will respect religious freedom and apply the highest level of scrutiny to any state or local governmental action that infringes on people's religious liberty." Pence notes that there is no reference to sexual orientation in the law. Civil liberties and gay rights groups hold to their stance that the law could be used by businesses to deny service to people based on their sexual orientation and justify that discrimination based on their religious belief. "Silence is consent!" tweets Laurel Davilia, a commentator on Brass Knuckles Progressives Radio. From sports teams to musicians to other cities and states, they fell like dominoes. The NCAA, which is headquartered in Indianapolis and set to host its men's basketball Final Four in the city this week, said the law could lead it to move events elsewhere in future years. The NBA, WNBA and NFL issued critical statements too. Indianapolis Colts owner Jim Irsay says fans of all stripes are welcome. "The Colts have always embraced inclusiveness, tolerance, and a diverse fan base," Irsay tweets. "We welcome ALL fans to Colts Nation. ONE FAMILY!" A petition posted on change.org hopes to get the Big Ten Conference to move its football championship out of Indianapolis. "I think that Indiana needs to be told that it must respect all persons regardless of sex, age, religion, gender identity, or sexual orientation," Sean Burke of Madison, Wisconsin, says in the petition. "As a football fan, I think we can send a message by calling on the NCAA and Big Ten Conference to take a stand." Lucas Oil Stadium in Indianapolis is scheduled to host the league's championship game through the 2021 season. At last check, the petition had more than 11,000 supporters. The mayors of San Francisco and Seattle have barred spending on travel to Indiana. The governors of Connecticut and Washington state did the same thing. And you can add Wilco to the boycott bandwagon. The group is canceling its May 7 show in Indianapolis, it says on Facebook. "The 'Indiana Religious Freedom Restoration Act' feels like thinly disguised legal discrimination to us," Wilco says. "Hope to get back to the Hoosier State someday soon, when this odious measure is repealed." Cher is among the artists speaking out. Her son Chaz Bono is a transgender man. "#GOVPENCE IS ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF RIGHT WING RACISM, ASAULT ON WOMANS RIGHTS & HATRED OF LGBT AMERICANS," she tweets. Indiana's top two state lawmakers pledged Monday to amend the state's controversial "religious freedom" law to clarify that it cannot be used to discriminate against gay people. "This law does not discriminate, and it will not be allowed to do so," David Long, the Indiana Senate president pro tem, said during a news conference with state House Speaker Brian Bosma. Pence had said earlier that he was working with lawmakers to clarify the law. Critics still weren't on board with the anti-discrimination claims. Opponents of RFRA marched around the state capitol. Someone even created a satire ad: "Indiana. It's a great place to be a bigot.". The rhetoric has reached such a fever pitch that a front page editorial in Tuesday's edition of the Indianapolis Star blares the headline: "Fix. This. Now." The editorial suggests the RFRA and protections for gays and lesbians can co-exist. The state is at a crossroads it says. "(N)o matter its original intent (the law) already has done enormous harm to our state and potentially our economic future," according to the editorial. "Only bold action -- action that sends an unmistakable message to the world that our state will not tolerate discrimination against any of its citizens -- will be enough to reverse the damage." The editorial closes with: . "Governor, Indiana is in a state of crisis. It is worse than you seem to understand. "You must act with courage and wisdom. You must lead us forward now. You must ensure that all Hoosiers have strong protections against discrimination. "The laws can co-exist. And so can we." Some of the GOP's top figures are backing Pence despite the controversy. Jeb Bush and Marco Rubio have voiced their support. Both are considered likely Republican candidates for the White House. Sen. Ted Cruz, who announced his candidacy last week, is also on board. "I'm proud to stand with Gov. @mike_pence for religious liberty, and I urge Americans to do the same," Cruz tweets. Indiana is the 20th state to adopt a "religious freedom restoration" law, most of which are modeled after the Religious Freedom Restoration Act, which President Bill Clinton signed into law in 1993. But that law passed with the backing of a broad-based coalition and wasn't set against the backdrop of gay rights or the wave of marriage equality laws that have swept the country in recent years. Adam Talbot, a spokesman with the Human Rights Campaign, a gay rights group, stresses that those 20 laws are "dramatically different in their scope and effect." "Calling them similar in this way risks being misleading. Indiana is the broadest and most dangerous law of its kind in the country," Talbot says. Arkansas' legislature passed an Indiana-style law on Friday, which now heads to the state's governor for approval. Despite the controversy, the Indiana governor says concerns that his state's new "religious freedom" law will allow businesses to turn away LGBT customers is the result of a "tremendous amount of misinformation and misunderstanding." Still, he was hard pressed to explain why that wasn't the case. Given a chance on Sunday to add some clarity, Pence refused to answer at least six yes-or-no questions from ABC's George Stephanopoulos about whether the measure legalizes discrimination against gays and lesbians. Jeremy Diamond and Eric Bradner contributed to this report.
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Indiana is under fire for the Religious Freedom Restoration Act . Critics say it discriminates against the LGBT community .
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Given this paragraph about Michel Warschawski, tell me the two organizations that Warschawski led during his life.
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Michel Warschawski (Mikado) (born 25 July 1949) is an Israeli anti-Zionist activist. He led the Marxist Revolutionary Communist League (previously Matzpen-Jerusalem) until its demise in the 1990s, and founded the Alternative Information Center, a joint Palestinian-Israeli non-governmental organization, in 1984.
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Michel Warschawski, an anti-Zionist activist, led the Marxist Revolutionary Communist League and later the Alternative Information Center.
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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Veteran Harlequin Nick Easter is a man on a mission for the remainder of this season, hell-bent on proving his critics wrong by claiming the most unlikely of spots in Stuart Lancaster's England World Cup squad. A combination of impressive form for Quins, coupled with an untimely injury for Gloucester No 8 Ben Morgan, saw Easter recalled for this season's Six Nations after more than three years in the international wilderness. The 36-year-old's last international start came in the defeat by France in the quarter-finals of the 2011 World Cup, and he was subsequently omitted from the England set-up once Lancaster became coach in early 2012. Nick Easter poses with James Haskell and Lawrence Dallaglio at the Six Nations . But his ability to cover at No 8 as well as in the second row saw him feature as a replacement for England against Wales, Italy, Ireland and France in this year's Six Nations, with the veteran even winning his 50th international cap in the loss in Dublin. Easter's return to England colours has been seen by most as simply short-term option as the likes of Morgan and Wasp Joe Launchbury battle their way back to full fitness. But Easter sees his international return very differently and is determined to force his way into Lancaster's World Cup thinking as he looks to make his mark in the final weeks of the season. 'It's going to be tough making the World Cup squad with Ben Morgan coming back to full fitness,' said Easter, speaking at the Rosslyn Park HSBC National Schools Sevens. Easter looks dejected at the end of the Six Nations match between England and France . 'But I back myself to make it and I just hope I get a chance in the final World Cup warm-ups. 'Then the coaches have to make the decision from there about whether to select me or not but I back myself to make it. 'Our chances for the World Cup are as good as they were before. We have always had the players, it is just making sure we turn up for the big games and apply it. 'I would not mind becoming the oldest scorer for England at the World Cup – it would be a really nice thing to add to my career and I'm now so desperate to get the opportunity – I will be doing everything I can to impress and earn selection.' England came within six points of winning the Six Nations title this season after dismantling France at Twickenham on the final weekend of the Championship, with only an Ireland hammering of Scotland meaning Easter is not adding yet more silverware to an already impressive CV. Easter is 36 but hopes to win a place in Stuart Lancaster's England squad . A host of England players sparkled during the tournament, namely Jonathan Joseph and Ben Youngs, but it was the performances of Saracen Billy Vunipola at the base of the scrum that caught Easter's eye. In previous campaigns, Vunipola's fitness and inability to last 80 minutes had been called into question by Lancaster and his England coaching staff. But despite the form of Vunipola hampering his international chances, Easter is convinced the England youngster is now the real deal on the international stage. 'Billy Vunipola has had a very good tournament,' added Easter. 'He has got back to what he does best which is being a wrecking-ball for us, which is generally the job of a No.8 but he has got more to come from his game I think which can only be exciting for English rugby. 'He has got a big England future ahead of him. You look at last year and he was playing around 50 minutes and then being subbed but now this year he's managed to play five 80 minute games in a row so he is always developing. 'I'm still gutted about the end to the Six Nations; I feel the same as I did after the game. We had chances to win it and unfortunately we just came up short – that's the overriding feeling amongst the players. 'But there were so many positive as well to take from the tournament; namely the form, fitness and performances of Billy Vunipola – there are things to build on for us.' HSBC is proud to sponsor the world's largest schools rugby tournament. All HSBC's rugby sponsorships aim to help develop and grow the sport and ensure even more youngsters get involved with rugby.
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Nick Easter last started a game for England at the 2011 World Cup . Easter was part of the Six Nations squad and came off the bench . Easter wants to be the oldest player to score a try at the World Cup .
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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Three brothers, aged eight days old, one and two, share not only the same genes, but also the same birthday. Shalonda Dominique, the boys' mother, of Virginia said she was just as surprised as everyone else when she had her sixth child this month, which ended up sharing the same birthday with two other siblings. Tre, Santana, and Harlem, were all born on March 13 - and kept their mom busy as she had them three years in a row starting in 2013. Scroll down for video . Tre (right), Santana (left) and Harlem (center) of Virginia were all born on March 13 -and kept their mom busy as she had them three years in a row starting in 2013 . Shalonda Dominique (above), their mother, said she was just as surprised as everyone else when she had her sixth child, which ended up sharing the same birthday with two other siblings . It started with Tre, two, who was born on March 13, 2013, and a year later on the same day he welcomed little brother, one-year-old Santana. Eight days ago, they were both joined by the newest addition, Harlem, who was born on Friday the 13th of March this year, according to Fox 5. While pregnant with her newborn son Harlem, Shalonda said she kept thinking the baby might be born on March 13. Tre (left) was born on March 13, 2013, a year later on the same day he welcomed little brother, Santana (right), and eight days ago, they both were joined by the newest addition, Harlem. While pregnant with her newborn son Harlem, Shalonda said she kept thinking the baby might be born on March 13 . 'After my three girls, I said, "I have to have a boy",' she said. 'And then I got three of them with the same birthday.' Tre has spent each of his birthdays so far in the hospital as both of his brothers were born. Harlem (above) was born on Friday the 13th of March this year, and his mother said it was a painful labor . Shalonda and her husband have three daughters Trinity, Monet and London, along with the boys (above Trinity, left, and Monet, right) Shalonda and her husband have a total of six children including their three daughters Trinity, Monet and London. Trinity and Monet said they are happy to have their own birthdays and said they do not think their mom should have any more children. As for plans for next year on March 13, Shalonda said they will be celebrating as there will not be any more babies. Shalonda said next year on March 13 they will be celebrating as there will not be any more babies (above all six of her children, from left to right: Trinity, Santana, Harlem, London, Tre and Monet)
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Shalonda Dominique, the boys' mother, of Virginia had first son, Tre, on March 13, 2013; in 2014 on same day, she gave birth to son Santana . On March 13, 2015, she most recently gave birth to son Harlem . Shalonda and her husband have six kids in total including three girls, Trinity, Monet and London .
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Given a reference text about the electrolytic detector, when was it replaced and what replaced it?
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The electrolytic detector, or liquid barretter, was a type of detector (demodulator) used in early radio receivers. First used by Canadian radio researcher Reginald Fessenden in 1903, it was used until about 1913, after which it was superseded by crystal detectors and vacuum tube detectors such as the Fleming valve and Audion (triode). It was considered very sensitive and reliable compared to other detectors available at the time such as the magnetic detector and the coherer. It was one of the first rectifying detectors, able to receive AM (sound) transmissions. On December 24, 1906, US Naval ships with radio receivers equipped with Fessenden's electrolytic detectors received the first AM radio broadcast from Fessenden's Brant Rock, Massachusetts transmitter, consisting of a program of Christmas music.
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The electrolytic detector was replaced around 1913 by crystal and vacuum tube detectors.
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How many total soldiers sustained non-fatal injuries during WWI?
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World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. It was fought between two coalitions, the Allies (primarily France, the United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, Japan, and the United States) and the Central Powers (led by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire). Fighting occurred throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died as a result of genocide, while the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war.
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23 million
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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Islamist campaigner: Asim Qureshi is research director of the Cage human rights pressure group . The Islamist campaigner who described Jihadi John as a ‘beautiful young man’ claims he himself was turned into an ‘anti-white racist’ at private school. Asim Qureshi, 33, said he and other ethnic minority children were ghettoised at £18,000-a-year Whitgift School in Croydon, south London. Rich white boys – particularly rugby players – apparently bullied and racially abused ‘five foot nothing Asians’. The campaigner sparked outrage last week when he made himself chief apologist for the suddenly-unmasked British Islamic State killer Mohammed Emwazi, claiming the terrorist was radicalised by security service harassment. Mr Qureshi, the research director of the controversial Cage human rights pressure group, has known Emwazi for years, and has previously been caught on camera urging Muslims to support jihad during a rally the American embassy in London. But the Daily Mail can reveal that the campaigner had previously told how he became actively ‘anti-white’ himself – and blamed it on rich white pupils at elite Whitgift. Fees for full boarders there are £35,000-a-year. Mr Qureshi, who lives in a £530,000 detached house in Surrey, was born in Britain to Pakistani parents and – thanks to his mother’s ice-cream business – was sent to 400-year-old Whitgift. He said: ‘It is a very expensive private school. It is one of those schools that has every single facility available. I did not necessarily, from an academic perspective, take the best advantage of it. Bullying claims: Mr Qureshi said he and other ethnic minority children were ghettoised at £18,000-a-year Whitgift School (pictured) in Croydon, south London . ‘Every single student who goes to that school is expected to come up with straight As. ‘But even within that school, we formed a ghetto very, very quickly amongst our ethnicities because, even though these kids came from very well-off families, they still had an intense level of racism. ‘Especially the rugby lads, who were known to be extremely racist because they were built like tanks, all of them. Us small Asians, five foot nothing, would not stand a chance against them.’ Mr Qureshi, speaking to American academics four years ago - a transcript of which has now surfaced - continued: ‘We formed cliques very quickly. ‘The Chinese, the blacks, the Pakistanis, and the Indians, we would all be together in the same crowds. We would move around in the same circles. ‘Many of the white kids would be coming from very rich areas, and we would be taking the bus. Terrorist: Mohammed Emwazi was suddenly unmasked last week as the Islamic State killer Jihadi John . ‘Their parents would be picking them up in their Bentleys, and their Rolls-Royces, and their Aston Martins from the front of the school. ‘We would be going to bus stop at the back of the school and going back down to our area, which was not so affluent. In fact, there was a bus stop in Croydon, which is on our way back home. We used to call this bus stop Terminal Three. In Heathrow Airport, Terminal Three is the terminal that all the ethnic minorities take to go back to their countries of origin.’ Mr Qureshi added: ‘Sports was one of the things that helped get me through in many ways. I played squash at a county level.’ He said that after his GCSEs his parents could no longer afford the Whitgift fees so instead sent him to grammar school Wilson’s, in nearby Wallington, Surrey. In marked contrast to the public school, he said, the races mixed freely. Mr Qureshi continued: ‘When I turned up, I came with the same kind of anti-white racist attitude that I had developed in Whitgift because I felt that all white people must be like this. Outspoken: Mr Qureshi has known Emwazi for years, and has previously been caught on camera urging Muslims to support jihad during a rally the American embassy in London (pictured) ‘What was amazing is how that was broken down completely. For the first time in my life I had white friends. For the first time in my life I could relate to white people.’ After ‘doing not very well’ at A-levels – spending much of his time listening to ‘hardcore hip hop’ - Mr Qureshi went on to study law at London Guildhall University, which he described as ‘not a great university but I did enjoy my time there’. While a student he said he ‘began to choose an Islamic identity’ for himself. The Whitgift headmaster from before Mr Qureshi started until today has been Dr Christopher Barnett – who says in his welcome to prospective pupils the school staff ‘welcome boys from a wide variety of ethnic and cultural backgrounds’, and ‘regard the diversity and richness that this brings as a real strength of the school.’ He was unavailable for comment last night. The historic school was founded in 1596 by Queen Elizabeth I’s last Archbishop of Canterbury John Whitgift. It now educates 1,300 boys in the former stately home of Lord Howard of Effingham, who fought the Spanish Armada. The school motto is Vincit qui patitur – ‘He who perseveres, conquers’.
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Asim Qureshi said he and other ethnic minority children were ghettoised . Claimed rich white boys bullied him at £18,000-a-year Whitgift in London . Campaigner made himself chief apologist for Mohammed Emwazi of ISIS .
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Who was Edmund Converse Pierce II?
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Edmund Converse Peirce II (October 9, 1917 – August 8, 2003) was an American physician who was professor and director of hyperbaric medicine at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in Manhattan, New York City from 1966 to 1991. During his career, Peirce published over 150 research articles and is notable for his well-regarded contributions to the refinement of artificial circulatory technologies including the membrane oxygenator.
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Edmund Converse Pierce II was an American physician and professor and director of hyperbaric medicine at Mount Sinai School of Medicine. He was well-regarded for his contributions to the improvement of artificial circulatory technologies.
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Given this reference text, tell me what the foundational BJJ concept was
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Brazilian jiu-jitsu was initially developed in 1925 by Brazilian brothers Carlos, Oswaldo, Gastão Jr., George, and Hélio Gracie, after Carlos was taught jiu-jitsu by a travelling Japanese judoka, Mitsuyo Maeda, who himself mastered his ground fighting while interacting with Taro Miyake (Tanabe student), Sadakazu Uyenishi (Handa, Tanabe) and Yukio Tani (Tenjin Shinyo-ryu) and catch wrestlers in Europe. Later on, the Gracie family developed their own self-defense system, and published Gracie Jiu-Jitsu.
BJJ eventually came to be its own defined combat sport through the innovations, practices, and adaptation of Gracie jiu-jitsu and Judo, and became an essential martial art for modern MMA. Governing bodies such as the IBJJF work worldwide, and set the rules and standards to be held in sport BJJ competitions.
BJJ revolves around the concept, taken from traditional Japanese jūjutsu, that a smaller, weaker person can successfully defend themselves against a bigger, stronger, heavier opponent by using leverage and weight distribution, taking the fight to the ground and using a number of holds and submissions to defeat them. BJJ training can be used for sport grappling and self-defense situations. Sparring, commonly referred to as "rolling" within the BJJ community, and live drilling plays a major role in training and the practitioner's development. BJJ can also be used as a method of promoting physical fitness, building character, and as a way of life.
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BJJ focuses on the concept that smaller and weaker practitioners can defend against larger and bigger opponents by taking the fight to the ground. Once on the ground, a BJJ practitioner can use leverage and weight distribution to defeat their opponent.
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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(CNN)Mention the words "sand" and "golf" together, and the chances are you'll leave many players shuddering at the memory of being trapped in bunkers after another wayward shot. But in other parts of the world, sand golf is a version of the game in its own right. The idea of playing a round without verdant fairways to stride down or lush greens to putt (and, of course, miss) on seems strange, even wrong. Sometimes needs must, though. Half a century ago, expat oil workers with an enthusiasm for golf had nowhere in Abu Dhabi to play. In the baking desert heat, with little or no irrigation possible, the equation was simple: they either had to adapt to the surroundings or there'd be no golf at all. The result was an incarnation of the game in which the only grass to be seen is artificial, found on a mat carried around by players to serve both as a tee and a surface from which to strike when the ball is on the fairway. Fairways? They consist entirely of sand and are indicated by marker posts. If the ball lands outside them, it's in the sand golf equivalent of the rough -- stony terrain that the unwary player may soon find is home to a few snakes and a lizard or two. Greens? Well, they're known as "browns," built from clay and topped with a mixture of sand and oil to provide a true putting surface, a formula arrived at through trial and error. It's an odd environment, this golfing world with a palette of golden-brown colors. And with rapidly developing irrigation and growing techniques enabling grass courses to be built in desert climes, it's an increasingly unusual one. Back in 1961, determined British oil workers created a sand course on an atoll known as Das Island, around 100 miles off Abu Dhabi in the Persian Gulf. It was the country's first-ever golf club. As the expat population grew, so did the demand for the game, and in 1971 sand golf moved into Abu Dhabi proper with the opening of a course near the Sea Palace. Its success brought a move to the Equestrian Club, attracting close to 500 members. In the 1990s, the sand game's fortunes took a dive as the site was earmarked for a nine-hole grass course. But although many sand course players changed surface and took up the more conventional game, several battled on and the 18-hole Al Ghazal sand course was created near Abu Dhabi airport, with its front nine occupying part of an archaeological site, in 1997. Sand golf also exists in parts Australia and Africa but Al Ghazal (which translates as "gazelle" -- gazelles peer from behind a fence by the second brown,) is the only one that can be described as "world class," says Dennis Cox, an expert on the game, because the scale and scope of its layout rivals its grass counterparts. The course found a place in the international spotlight when a World Sand Golf Championship, boasting star names including Colin Montgomerie was played in 2004 and 2005 (won by Greg Owen and Thongchai Jaidee,) but the tournament fizzled out as showpiece events went to showpiece grass courses. Maybe that's understandable when you consider some of the extra elements involved in the sand game -- the browns, for example, must be swept for a few minutes after use so that they are left smooth and footprint-less for following players, while unexpected hazards can include burrows dug by desert lizards. Cox warns that a tradition is under threat, with a form of golf that was once commonplace in danger of becoming just a memory. Other, smaller clubs have fallen by the wayside, while Al Ghazal's location near an expanding airport presents an obvious threat to its future. But even if the sand game were to fade into obscurity in the emirate, it is still played in parts of Africa. In Libya, still racked by instability following the ousting of Muammar Gaddaffi, courses -- the bulk of which can be found in the capital, Tripoli -- are of sand, with no grass versions existing. Once smart and well-kept, they have now slumped into neglect, with few people to play on them or look after them. David Bachmann, who formerly worked at the Austrian embassy in the city, wrote on his In Tripolis blog about the experience of playing sand golf in and near the city. Recounting his experiences of Tripoli's tattered nine-hole Ghargharesh course, he wrote that it was one for diehards only, "golf fanatics that would come every weekend to play a round on this challenging course." And he imagined that the skeleton of the clubhouse, on which work had long since stopped, might one day boast "marble, chandeliers and state-of-the-art locker rooms... overlooking the deep blue Mediterranean with the sun setting over the sea." For now, and against the odds, fans of this form of the game will just have to make do with being kings of their very own sand castles.
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Expat oil workers in Abu Dhabi built sand golf course in 1961 . Form of game features putting 'browns' instead of greens . Unexpected hazards can include the burrows of desert lizards .
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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Hosts Guinea have ruled out switching the dates of the 2023 Africa Cup of Nations finals to accommodate the Qatar World Cup, their sports minister said. Domani Dore contradicted a statement by FIFA general secretary Jerome Valcke, who said last week that the 2023 Nations Cup would be pushed back six months to June from its usual January date. With the 2022 World Cup now scheduled for November/December, Valcke said that hosting the Nations Cup just one month later would be unfeasible. The Qatar 2022 World Cup is likely to be moved to November and December, interrupting football's calendar . Jerome Valcke had said the Cup of Nations would be moved to June, but Guinea say that is impossible . He added that it had been agreed with the Confederation of African Football (CAF) to move the 16-team tournament to later in the year. Guinea, however, say they will refuse the new dates. 'We cannot accommodate the Nations Cup in June, it is the rainy season,' Dore told Guinea television. 'CAF needs to take care to seek the advice of Guinea that we as a state decide which dates the tournament will be played. We understand the problem around the World Cup and a clash with the Nations Cup. 'But CAF needs to take care to ask our opinion. In June, we cannot accommodate a Nations Cup tournament. It's not possible,' Dore added. Ivory Coast won this year's Cup of Nations, which was held in Equatorial Guinea in January and February . Â .
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Qatar World Cup likely to be played in winter of 2022 . FIFA general secretary Jerome Valcke said Cup of Nations would be moved . But Guinea claim conditions would be impossible to play in June 2023Â .
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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A man who found a travel partner after raffling his ex-fiancee's honeymoon place has returned from an 'amazing holiday' - but claims there was no romance. John Whitbread, 32, - who became known as Jilted John - advertised on eBay after his girlfriend told him at Christmas she did not want to get married. Desperate to find a holiday partner for the £1,950 trip to the Dominican Republic, John, from Donisthorpe, Leicestershire, tried to find a companion for the trip on eBay. Scroll down for video . The pair were united on live television just under two hours before they will board the flight to the Dominican Republic . John Whitbread went in for a hug as he met raffle winner Kelly for the first time at the airport this morning . But he was left frustrated after the two highest bidders both failed in turnup to pay the winning sum for the holiday - which included all-inclusive accommodation at a four-star luxury resort. Finally, after instead selling £10 raffle tickets - raising £1,410 for testicular cancer charity Balls To Cancer he jetted off to the Caribbean with lucky winner Kelly Wood - who he met for the first time at the airport. John said he is constantly asked if they have become a couple. But he said this could not have been further from his mind. He said : 'Everyone is hoping I've found romance again. Obviously not. I only recently split up with my girlfriend.' He added: 'I have made a friend out of it and it's brilliant. It could have easily gone the other way. 'To go on holiday with a complete stranger and get on is incredible. The pair admitted they were both feeling the nerves, as Miss Wood told Good Morning Britain her hands were shaking and Mr Whitbread said he didn't know what to do with himself . 'Hopefully we will stay friends. I don't see why not.' Ms Wood, an attractive blonde, wrote on Facebook: 'We are having a fantastic time and getting on like a house on fire as they say!' She later added: 'Such great memories to take away with me though and an amazing new friend for life!! John Whitbread was dumped by his ex-fiancee Amy just weeks before their Valentine's Day wedding . 'Loved every second of this crazy adventure!! Couldn't have asked for more!!' Mr Whitbread was left heartbroken after his ex-fiancée Amy told him she wasn't 'ready to get married' and left him with a spare ticket to the Dominican Republic. Instead of cancelling the trip, Mr Whitbread decided to give the opportunity to a stranger to join him by auctioning off the £1,950 ticket, with offers starting at 99p. But when the two highest bidders - who offered £8,000 and £7,900 - failed to pay up he decided to raffle off the tickets for £10 instead. He was united with raffle winner Kelly Wood for the first time on ITV just under two hours before he was due to board the plane at Manchester airport for the two-week all inclusive break. The advert said his desired companion must be an 'easy going down to earth' woman, a British citizen with a passport and 'good looking wouldn't go amiss'. Arriving at the airport with his parents, Mr Whitbread waited anxiously to see if the woman would arrive. He said: 'I feel nervous. I don't know what to do with myself. I know her name is Kelly and what she looks like but I'm trying to save it all for the plane.' Mr Whitbread was undecided on how he would greet her and was debating whether to give her a hug, a kiss - or 'a high five' and added 'I'll see what comes naturally'. When they were finally introduced by a television crew they gave each other a hug. Instead of cancelling the honeymoon he decided to auction off the tickets to a stranger who might like to join him. The two highest eBay bidders failed to pay up, so he decided to sell raffle tickets instead . Miss Wood, who had set up her own Facebook campaign called 'Take Kelly Wood' said: 'I'm nervous - my hands have just started to shake. I feel like a swan, quite calm on the front but underneath I'm paddling away.' A television crew from Good Morning Britain, which filmed the moment they first met, asked the pair a few 'Mr & Mrs' style questions before they boarded the plane. Asked who would get the window seat Miss Wood offered it up to Mr Whitbread and whether they were thrill seekers or beach babes they agreed they were a bit of both. Miss Wood also revealed that she 'sleeps in the middle of the bed' and the worst habit Mr Whitbread could have would be snoring, which he previously revealed he did. His new companion was then introduced to Mr Whitbread's parents, who embraced her and their son. The pair flew to the Caribbean region, where they stayed in the honeymoon suite in single beds, and returned on March 3. This is the moment the pair first met live on breakfast television this morning. Before then all they knew were each others names and what they looked like. Mr Whitbread said he wanted to save chatting for the plane . Explaining his decision to sell off part of his honeymoon to the highest bidder he said: 'I was gutted when she said she didn't want to get married but I realised I couldn't mope forever and I didn't want what I'd already paid to the holiday to go to waste. 'Besides, I think it will be good for me to get away. I'm just looking for a new friend who fancies a holiday with someone fun.' He claims his girlfriend of two years, Amy, told him she had pre-wedding nerves and could not go through with their wedding due to take place on Valentine's Day this year. But when he tried to cancel their holiday the Co-op said he would only be able to claim half the cost back so he decided to keep the holiday and advertise for a new companion to join him. With the help of his best friend Craig Gibson, he set up an eBay auction to find someone to travel with him. Mr Whitbread, who described himself as a slim, 5ft 9in, with dark hair who enjoys a good laugh, wrote on the advert: 'I'm not boring, I'm adventurous otherwise I wouldn't be doing something as ridiculous as this'. The pair stayed for two weeks at the honeymoon suite at the Blue Bay Villas Hotel in the Dominican Republic . Kelly Wood had campaigned to win the ticket and was introduced to her holiday partner for the first time at the airport. Miss Wood compared herself to feeling like a swan - fine on the surface but paddling underneath . Although the couple had been engaged for a year and due to marry on Valentine's Day, Mr Whitbread says he harbours no bitterness to his ex-fiancee. Speaking after the split, he said: 'I'm just really glad she told me before we went through with the vows on our big day - I suppose I've got to respect her honesty. 'But I'm certainly not going to let the money or the opportunity pass me by. 'When I found out at the travel agent I could only get half my money back I was looking at other deals and places I could go but I thought, 'No, I wanted to go on this holiday'. 'I called my best friend and he agreed so I headed straight to his house to make the ebay page. 'Everyone I know is taken and I'd rather go and enjoy it with someone new that I'd never otherwise get to meet. Mr Whitbread admitted he could only get half his money back from the travel agent and decided he wanted to go on this holiday but would like some female company . A friend help him set up an advert where he asked for an 'easy going down to earth' woman, a British citizen with a passport and 'good looking wouldn't go amiss' 'I'm not looking for a relationship - this could be an opportunity for someone who has never had the chance to take a holiday like this before. 'I'm not looking for anything apart from a fun holiday. If the girl is sporty and wants to do some scuba diving with me that would be great too.' After being overwhelmed with the response, Mr Whitbread pledged to donate any money over £1,050 to testicular cancer research. He added: 'People have said I've got real balls to do this so I thought I might as well try and make some money for charity if I can to.' Kelly Wood set up her own Facebook page to get people to buy tickets and donate to Mr Whitbread's cause and eventually won the seat herself. She posted this message this morning after keeping her win a secret . His ex-girlfriend Amy said: 'I just didn't feel ready to get married and John wasn't my soulmate. Obviously it's difficult for John, I'm finding it hard too. 'It's obviously not nice to finish with someone over Christmas but I thought it was better that he knew now, sooner rather than later. 'It was better that I called it off now than getting to the altar and not being able to go through with it. 'Fair play to John. I'm pleased that he's doing something positive.'
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John Whitbread, 32, was dumped by fiancée weeks before wedding day . He auctioned off place on the honeymoon to Dominican Republic . After the winning eBay bidders failed to pay he sold the tickets in a raffle . Winning ticket holder was Kelly Wood, who he met at airport for first time . The pair were united just hours before their flight on live TV . They stayed in the honeymoon suite in single beds for next two weeks .
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Given these paragraphs about Asperger syndrome, after whom it was named?
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Asperger syndrome (AS), also known as Asperger's, is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviour and interests. The syndrome is no longer recognised as a diagnosis in itself, having been merged with other conditions into autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It was considered to differ from other diagnoses that were merged into ASD by relatively unimpaired spoken language and intelligence.
The syndrome was named after the Austrian pediatrician Hans Asperger, who, in 1944, described children in his care who struggled to form friendships, did not understand others' gestures or feelings, engaged in one-sided conversations about their favourite interests, and were clumsy. In 1994, the diagnosis of Asperger's was included in the fourth edition (DSM-IV) of the American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; however, with the publication of DSM-5 in 2013 the syndrome was removed, and the symptoms are now included within autism spectrum disorder along with classic autism and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). It was similarly merged into autism spectrum disorder in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) as of 2021.
The exact cause of Asperger's is poorly understood. While it has high heritability, the underlying genetics have not been determined conclusively. Environmental factors are also believed to play a role. Brain imaging has not identified a common underlying condition. There is no single treatment, and the UK's National Health Service (NHS) guidelines suggest that 'treatment' of any form of autism should not be a goal, since autism is not 'a disease that can be removed or cured'. According to the Royal College of Psychiatrists, while co-occurring conditions might require treatment, 'management of autism itself is chiefly about the provision of the education, training and social support/care required to improve the person's ability to function in the everyday world'. The effectiveness of particular interventions for autism is supported by only limited data. Interventions may include social skills training, cognitive behavioral therapy, physical therapy, speech therapy, parent training, and medications for associated problems, such as mood or anxiety. Autistic characteristics tend to become less obvious in adulthood, but social and communication difficulties usually persist.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asperger_syndrome
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The syndrome was named after the Austrian pediatrician Hans Asperger, who, in 1944, described children in his care who struggled to form friendships, did not understand others' gestures or feelings, engaged in one-sided conversations about their favourite interests, and were clumsy.
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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Wales forwards coach Robin McBryde has told Ireland not to expect the same Welsh mistakes made in Dublin last year. Ireland ran out convincing 26-3 winners when the two teams last met at the Aviva Stadium in February 2014 but McBryde admits the Welsh management could have prepared the side better for that contest. And, with Ireland's visit to the Millennium Stadium on March 14 shaping up to be the game that could decide the destiny of this year's RBS Six Nations title, McBryde insists Wales will be ready this time. Gordon D'Arcy surges through for Ireland as they beat Wales 26-3 in last year's tournament . Wales forwards coach Robin McBryde has told Ireland not to expect the same Welsh mistakes as last year . 'I know from a coaching point of view we looked at ourselves and weren't happy with the way we prepared for the game that week,' McBryde reflected on Wales' visit to Ireland 13 months ago. 'We did not have the intensity in training leading up to that match and we were exposed on the day. 'We weren't pointing fingers, we were looking at ourselves as to how we could have prepared better for that game. 'It was a bitter pill to swallow because we were well-beaten and it was the first time in a long time that had happened to us. 'We really struggled to cope with their driving game but we've worked worked hard in that area and the boys showed against France what they're capable of doing.' Wales' 20-13 victory in Paris has revived Welsh hopes of doing what they did in 2013, namely becoming Six Nations champions after losing their first game in the tournament and they were boosted on Friday when skipper Sam Warburton and Dan Biggar returned to training after suffering knocks in France. Wales captain Sam Warburton (centre) is expected to play against Ireland after suffering a knock . But Ireland are three-fifths to a Grand Slam having beaten England in Dublin last weekend and McBryde accepts Wales face a big challenge to record their first win over the men in green since 2012. 'They're a very formidable outfit as they've proven,' McBryde said. 'You've got to have your wits about you playing them in regards to the tactical and technical approach to the game. 'But the France game was a reflection of what the players have been doing in training and some of the execution and accuracy under pressure which we we speak about constantly came to fruition. 'We've set the standard and now we've got to do it again.'Â .
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Wales coach Robin McBryde says they have learned from last Ireland clash . Ireland beat Wales 26-3 at the Aviva Stadium in Dublin last year . McBryde admits they could have been better prepared for the contest .
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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Despite a raft of injuries, England are lucky enough to still be able to call on the goalscoring exploits of Wayne Rooney and Harry Kane ahead of their glamour friendly with Italy. But Italian centre back Giorgio Chiellini is more concerned about the presence of Theo Walcott, the Arsenal winger with just three goals this campaign who hasn't started for his country in over 18 months. Kane and Rooney have 50 goals between them this season, but Juventus star Chiellini picked out the 'terrifying' Walcott when asked which England players he admired most in the build-up to Tuesday's clash in Turin. Theo Walcott has been picked out by Giorgio Chiellini as the England player who can be most dangerous . Chiellini (second right) chose the 'terrifying' Walcott as the player he is the biggest fan of ahead of facing him . Walcott has struggled to find a place in the team for both Arsenal and England since returning from a knee injury that ruled him out for seven months and saw him miss last summer's World Cup. But Chiellini believes that England are foolish to ignore the player he sees as one of his biggest threats on Tuesday evening at the Juventus Stadium. 'I am always a fan of Walcott, a quick sprinter and terrifying for defenders,' Chiellini said. 'England notice his absence. For the world of football, it is positive that Walcott recuperates totally to his top level.' Italy beat England 2-1 in last summer's World Cup and also eliminated the Three Lions from Euro 2008 in a quarter-final penalty shoot-out. Walcott was used as a substitute in England's win over Lithuania but has struggled for game-time of late . Chiellini believes England are foolish to ignore the player he sees as one of his biggest threats on Tuesday . And Chiellini wants to make it three wins from three games against the English in a game he refuses to view as the friendly it has been billed as. 'This is not a friendly match because matches between England and Italy are always of interest to the whole world. 'England have pride and want to avoid defeat even though this is not an official competition. 'The match is not a comfortable one because our victory at the World Cup is still very present in the mind and perhaps their hopes of revenge will make this a very intense match.' Walcott came back from a seven-month injury lay-off and has struggled to find a place in either of his teams .
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Italy face England in an international friendly in Turin on Tuesday evening . Giorgio Chiellini sees Theo Walcott as the biggest threat to the Italians . Despite his lack of form, Chiellini labels Arsenal winger as 'terrifying'
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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Mary-Ann Wood, 53, has one leg which weighs two stone more than the other after cancer treatment . A grandmother has spoken of the agony of living with a medical condition that means she has one leg two stone heavier than another. Mary-Ann Wood's left leg began to swell after treatment for cervical cancer 17 years ago, but it is now so huge that her calf has a circumference of almost 3ft. The 53-year-old suffers from lymphoedema, a condition where the body's plumbing goes haywire. This means fluid doesn't drain properly, leaving her with a painfully swollen leg. Mrs Wood is now unable to bend her leg, is barely able to walk, and doctors have said she will be completely immobile in less than a decade. Despite this, she has been denied NHS funding for a liposuction operation to drain the fluid from her leg. She made the bid through her doctor, who agreed she would benefit from the treatment , which would cost the NHS £11,000. But after her case was assessed by a panel at her local Clinical Commissioning Group (CCG), her application was denied as the CCG said the evidence for the procedure's effectiveness was 'poor'. She claims she has been given several reasons as to why she can't have the treatment, including it being a 'cosmetic procedure'. Mrs Wood, of Midhurst, West Sussex, has been forced to give up her job working with special needs children while she continues to battle the NHS for the treatment. Last month, she was rejected by the Independent Complaint Advocacy on the grounds that her case is not 'exceptional enough', she said. Mrs Wood said: 'My leg is huge and the surgeon told me the only option is to have the operation. 'I've had loads of different excuses for being rejected - they once even said it would be "cosmetic". 'I was also told that I wasn't "exceptional enough" to get the op. It's ridiculous. She added: 'I was told that my best bet of getting the operation is to move to an area where the NHS provides it - it's a postcode lottery. 'But I've got two small grandchildren down the road I don't want to up sticks.' Mrs Wood's condition developed because she had lymph nodes removed along with her cervix as part of a hysterectomy. Her lymphatic system is no longer strong enough to drain her leg of the fluid causing the build-up. The lymphatic system is a filter network of tiny vessels which runs alongside the circulation and drains waste products from the blood . Normally, fluid drains from the lymph channels into the lymph nodes. These nodes act like filter stations that process the waste - the fluid itself goes back through the body into the circulation. However, if the lymphatic system is faulty - such as after cancer treatment - the fluid it would normally drain away accumulates in the tissue and the area swells up. The skin becomes like a soggy mattress, because there's too much fluid in the tissue. Mrs Wood Doctors calculated that her left leg was two stone heavier than her right leg using computer modelling. She said: 'The doctor knows how much the lymph fluid weighs so she measures my legs at 2cm intervals, works out the difference in size and puts it all into the computer and it calculates the difference in weight.' She must now wear a compression garment, which puts pressure on tissues to stop fluid build-up and encourage fluid to drain. The liposuction would not cure the condition but it would drain the excess fluid from her leg allowing her to walk normally again. Mrs Wood's left leg has swollen so much her calf now has a circumference of almost three feet. She is unable to bend it, leaving her barely able to walk. Doctors have said she will be immobile within a decade . She suffers from lymphoedema, a condition in which the body's lymphatic system doesn't drain fluid properly from the leg, causing fluid to accumulate in the tissue and the leg to swell up . It would cost the NHS £11, 000, with a continuing cost of around £300 a year to remeasure her leg and create a new compression garment if there is a change in size. The liposuction would not cure the condition but it would drain the excess fluid from her leg allowing her to walk normally again. Without the operation, Mrs Wood must continue her daily struggle. She said: 'I get up in the morning and have a massage and put on compression garment - all that takes an hour. 'Then it's very difficult to walk. It weighs nearly three stone more than it should because it's filled with lymph fluid. Lymphoedema is a condition where the lymphatic system — a filter network of tiny vessels which runs alongside the circulation and drains waste products from the blood — isn’t working properly. Normally, fluid drains from the lymph channels into the lymph nodes. These nodes act like filter stations that process the waste — the fluid itself goes back through the body into the circulation. However, if the lymphatic system is faulty, the fluid it would normally drain away accumulates in the tissue and the area swells up. The skin becomes like a soggy mattress, because there’s too much fluid in the tissue. Limbs can swell to double their normal size and can be extremely painful. The condition is common in middle-aged women. 'I can't walk any distance and when I do I use a stick. Doctors said that by the time I'm 60 I will be immobile. Already I can't move that knee at all. 'I don't want to go down that road, that's not what I want out of life, the only option for me is to fight.' Her battle started in 2013 when massages began failing her and was told she needed the liposuction. Her husband of 26 years Alan Wood, a 48-year-old removal man, must assist her in her daily chores. A spokesperson at NHS Coastal West Sussex Clinical Commissioning Group, said: 'We are very sorry to hear Mrs Wood's concerns, and we do understand the difficult situation that patients are in when they come to us for individual funding. 'There are treatments and drugs that we do not routinely fund, but which we know, and understand, that patients and their families want to look into and explore as a possible solution to their medical needs. 'To enable this, people are able to apply for individual funding through their clinicians. 'Decisions are not taken lightly, and cases are thoroughly considered by a panel of hospital consultants, GPs and lay people.' The panel sought an independent review from specialist at Guys and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, and their report was considered alongside the submission from Mrs Wood's doctor. The CCG spokesperson continued: 'The CCG's panel fully considered Mrs Wood's case, but found that the evidence of clinical effectiveness of the proposed treatment was poor.' We understand this is disappointing for Mrs Wood but without evidence that the treatment would be clinically effective, the panel could not approve the treatment.' Now, Mrs Wood is trying to raise £2,500 to get a machine to massage her leg but has so far raised just £220. To contact or donate to Mrs Wood's cause, please email her at [email protected].
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Mary-Ann Wood, 53, has a left leg which is almost 3ft in circumference . It weighs 2st more than her right leg, the equivalent of a four-year-old . Is barely able to walk and doctors say she will be immobile within a decade . Has lymphoedema - a condition where fluid builds up in tissue in the limbs . Has been refused NHS funding for liposuction to treat the condition . Clinical Commissioning Group argues the evidence for treatment is 'poor'
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From the provided description of the cheesemaking process, list the ingredients required to make cheese.
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The goal of cheese making is to control the spoiling of milk into cheese. The milk is traditionally from a cow, goat, sheep or buffalo, although, in theory, cheese could be made from the milk of any mammal. Cow's milk is most commonly used worldwide. The cheesemaker's goal is a consistent product with specific characteristics (appearance, aroma, taste, texture). The process used to make a Camembert will be similar to, but not quite the same as, that used to make Cheddar.
Some cheeses may be deliberately left to ferment from naturally airborne spores and bacteria; this approach generally leads to a less consistent product but one that is valuable in a niche market.
Culturing
Cheese is made by bringing milk (possibly pasteurised) in the cheese vat to a temperature required to promote the growth of the bacteria that feed on lactose and thus ferment the lactose into lactic acid. These bacteria in the milk may be wild, as is the case with unpasteurised milk, added from a culture, frozen or freeze dried concentrate of starter bacteria. Bacteria which produce only lactic acid during fermentation are homofermentative; those that also produce lactic acid and other compounds such as carbon dioxide, alcohol, aldehydes and ketones are heterofermentative. Fermentation using homofermentative bacteria is important in the production of cheeses such as Cheddar, where a clean, acid flavour is required. For cheeses such as Emmental the use of heterofermentative bacteria is necessary to produce the compounds that give characteristic fruity flavours and, importantly, the gas that results in the formation of bubbles in the cheese ('eye holes').
Starter cultures are chosen to give a cheese its specific characteristics. In the case of mould-ripened cheese such as Stilton, Roquefort or Camembert, mould spores (fungal spores) may be added to the milk in the cheese vat or can be added later to the cheese curd.
Coagulation
During the fermentation process, once sufficient lactic acid has been developed, rennet is added to cause the casein to precipitate. Rennet contains the enzyme chymosin which converts κ-casein to para-κ-caseinate (the main component of cheese curd, which is a salt of one fragment of the casein) and glycomacropeptide, which is lost in the cheese whey. As the curd is formed, milk fat is trapped in a casein matrix. After adding the rennet, the cheese milk is left to form curds over a period of time.
Fresh chevre hanging in cheesecloth to drain.
Draining
Once the cheese curd is judged to be ready, the cheese whey must be released. As with many foods the presence of water and the bacteria in it encourages decomposition. To prevent such decomposition it is necessary to remove most of the water (whey) from the cheese milk, and hence cheese curd, to make a partial dehydration of the curd. There are several ways to separate the curd from the whey.
Maturing cheese in a cheese cellar
Scalding
In making Cheddar (or many other hard cheeses) the curd is cut into small cubes and the temperature is raised to approximately 39 °C (102 °F) to 'scald' the curd particles. Syneresis occurs and cheese whey is expressed from the particles. The Cheddar curds and whey are often transferred from the cheese vat to a cooling table which contains screens that allow the whey to drain, but which trap the curd. The curd is cut using long, blunt knives and 'blocked' (stacked, cut and turned) by the cheesemaker to promote the release of cheese whey in a process known as 'cheddaring'. During this process the acidity of the curd increases to a desired level. The curd is then milled into ribbon shaped pieces and salt is mixed into it to arrest acid development. The salted green cheese curd is put into cheese moulds lined with cheesecloths and pressed overnight to allow the curd particles to bind together. The pressed blocks of cheese are then removed from the cheese moulds and are either bound with muslin-like cloth, or waxed or vacuum packed in plastic bags to be stored for maturation. Vacuum packing removes oxygen and prevents mould (fungal) growth during maturation, which depending on the wanted final product may be a desirable characteristic or not.
Mould-ripening
Main article: Cheese ripening
In contrast to cheddaring, making cheeses like Camembert requires a more gentle treatment of the curd. It is carefully transferred to cheese hoops and the whey is allowed to drain from the curd by gravity, generally overnight. The cheese curds are then removed from the hoops to be brined by immersion in a saturated salt solution. The salt absorption stops bacteria growing, as with Cheddar. If white mould spores have not been added to the cheese milk it is applied to the cheese either by spraying the cheese with a suspension of mould spores in water or by immersing the cheese in a bath containing spores of, e.g., Penicillium candida.
By taking the cheese through a series of maturation stages where temperature and relative humidity are carefully controlled, allowing the surface mould to grow and the mould-ripening of the cheese by fungi to occur. Mould-ripened cheeses ripen very quickly compared to hard cheeses (weeks against months or years). This is because the fungi used are biochemically very active when compared with starter bacteria. Some cheeses are surface-ripened by moulds, such as Camembert and Brie, some are ripened internally, such as Stilton, which is pierced with stainless steel wires, to admit air to promote mould spore germination and growth, as with Penicillium roqueforti. Surface ripening of some cheeses, such as Saint-Nectaire, may also be influenced by yeasts which contribute flavour and coat texture. Others are allowed to develop bacterial surface growths which give characteristic colours and appearances, e.g. by the growth of Brevibacterium linens which gives an orange coat to cheeses.
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The main ingredient used to make cheese is milk. Cow's milk is commonly used, though goat, sheep or buffalo can also be used, as could the milk of any mammal in theory. Starter cultures are typically added to aid in the culturing stage of the process. Rennet is added to the cheese milk to promote the separation into cheese curd and whey. Ultimately, salt is added to halt the production of acid later in the process. Finally, mould spores are introduced to assist in ripening. This can be added to the cheese milk early on in the process, or just prior to maturing.
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Barcelona's first team stars looked like they had an extra spring in their step as they put the final touches on preparations for their crucial match against Real Madrid. Spirits appeared to be high as Lionel Messi, Neymar and Co were put through their paces by Luis Enrique, who sported a pair of black sunglasses during the training session. La Liga leaders Barcelona go into the top-of-the-table clash at the Nou Camp on the back of a 1-0 win against Manchester City. Barcelona forward Lionel Messi (right) shares a joke with his Barcelona team-mates during the training session at Joan Gamper . Luis Suarez (left), pictured with Messi (centre) and Gerard Pique (right), will be hoping to lead his side to victory against rivals Real Madrid . Barcelona boss Luis Enrique sported black sunglasses during the session as he put his players through their paces . Ivan Rakitic netted in the 31st minute to pile misery on the Barclays Premier League champions and ensure Barcelona booked a place in the Champions League quarter-finals. Enrique's side would have won by a bigger scoreline if it wasn't for the outstanding Joe Hart. Messi heaped praise on Hart following his side's progression to the next round: 'He was phenomenal, he stopped everything. 'We have to congratulate him on a great game because he's a fantastic goalkeeper.' Jordi Alba was thrown in the air during the training session as he celebrated his 26th birthday on Saturday. Barcelona are just one point ahead of Real Madrid going into the second El Clasico of the season. Real defeated Barcelona 3-1 at the Santiago Bernabeu back in October when Cristiano Ronaldo, Pepe and Karim Benzema scored after Neymar's fourth-minute opener. Brazil international Neymar jokes around with Barcelona team-mate Suarez ahead of the crunch match at the Nou Camp . Enrique (right) shares a word with Barcelona defender Martin Montoya (left), who is still suffering from a fractured cheekbone . Barcelona left back Jordi Alba (centre) was thrown in the air by his team-mates as he celebrated his 26th birthday on Saturday . Sergio Busquets will be hoping to feature against Real Madrid after missing his side's last three games with an ankle injury . Neymar, who is likely to start in a three-pronged attack alongside Suarez and Messi, was all smiles during the session . Brazilian duo Neymar (left) and Dani Alves (right) joke around before taking part in the session ahead of their upcoming La Liga clash .
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La Liga leaders Barcelona go into crunch clash at the Nou Camp with one-point advantage over Real Madrid . Luis Enrique's side will be full of confidence following 1-0 Champions League win against Manchester City . Barcelona will be hoping to exact revenge against Real Madrid following 3-1 loss at the Bernabeu in October . READ: Lionel Messi proved he was the best around against Manchester City, insists Jamie Carragher .
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In the x86-64 architecture, how can the operating system specify which pages cannot contain executable code?
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The No-Execute bit or NX bit (bit 63 of the page table entry) allows the operating system to specify which pages of virtual address space can contain executable code and which cannot. An attempt to execute code from a page tagged "no execute" will result in a memory access violation, similar to an attempt to write to a read-only page. This should make it more difficult for malicious code to take control of the system via "buffer overrun" or "unchecked buffer" attacks. A similar feature has been available on x86 processors since the 80286 as an attribute of segment descriptors; however, this works only on an entire segment at a time.
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The operating system can tag a page of virtual address space with the No-Execute or NX bit, which is bit 63 of the page table entry.
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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New footage of the shameful scenes during the pitch invasion at Villa Park on Saturday appears to show two West Bromwich Albion involved in clashes with supporters entering the pitch. Villa face a major FA inquiry, a substantial fine and the threat of a ground closure after players looked to have been assaulted as the FA Cup quarter-final at Villa Park descended into chaos with an unrestrained pitch invasion joined by thousands of Villa fans. Scorer Fabian Delph claimed he was bitten, while Boaz Myhill, Craig Dawson, James Morrison and Callum McManaman all appeared to be barged aggressively - and the new footage shows the latter two in altercations with the on-rushing fans. In this screenshot James Morrison (eighth right) appears to put a leg out in front of a fan at Villa Park . Callum McManaman (third left, inside penalty area) seems to clash with fans invading the pitch at Villa Park . Supporters begin to break on to the pitch with stewards unable to stop them at the end of the game . The Instagram clip shows fans running on to the pitch, with Morrison seeming to stick his leg out to trip once, while McManaman looks to barge into others. Three men have been charged by police with offences connected to the match after officers made a total of 17 arrests inside and outside Villa Park. More footage discovered on Monday appeared to show West Brom fans setting off fire extinguishers and throwing bins in the away end at Villa Park. The Black Country club are working with police to identify supporters seen in the video. By the end of the clip thousands of fans have stormed over the advertising hoardings and on to the field . West Brom are working with police after footage emerged of supporters appearing to let off fire extinguishers . A supporter is covered in the foam from a fire extinguisher at Villa Park on Saturday .
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Thousands of Aston Villa fans staged a pitch invasion after FA Cup win . Some players reported that they were attacked during the scenes . Video seems to show two West Brom players involved in altercations . Police have charged three men with offences from the game .
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Summarise the basic rules of soccer, without using examples from the text
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The game of association football is played in accordance with the Laws of the Game, a set of rules that has been in effect since 1863 and maintained by the IFAB since 1886. The game is played with a football that is 68–70 cm (27–28 in) in circumference. The two teams compete to get the ball into the other team's goal (between the posts and under the bar), thereby scoring a goal. When the ball is in play, the players mainly use their feet, but may use any other part of their body, except for their hands or arms, to control, strike, or pass the ball. Only the goalkeepers may use their hands and arms, and only then within the penalty area. The team that has scored more goals at the end of the game is the winner. Depending on the format of the competition, an equal number of goals scored may result in a draw being declared, or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout.
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Soccer is played between two teams of players who pass a spherical inflated ball between each other, predominantly using the feet and head, with the aim of getting the ball into the opponents goal (a rectangular opening at each end of the playing area) . The only player who can use their hands and arms is the goalkeeper, within a small area near their team's goal called the penalty area. At the end of the game, the team who has got the ball into their opponents goal most times is declared the winner.
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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The behaviour of Chelsea’s players as they surrounded Bjorn Kuipers was nothing short of disgraceful, but it’s a sign of the way the modern game is going. Blue shirts swarmed around the Dutch referee and the pressure put on him by Jose Mourinho’s men certainly played a part in the harsh dismissal of Zlatan Ibrahimovic for his challenge on Oscar, after replays suggested the PSG man pulled out. Chelsea are not the only team to harrass officials on a regular basis and it’s time we introduced a rule to put an end to it. Zlatan Ibrahimovic (second right) was sent off for a challenge in the first half on Chelsea's Oscar . Chelsea's players immediately surrounded referee Bjorn Kuipers to remonstrate with him . Referee Kuipers (right) swiftly showed Ibrahimovic a red card for the challenge on Oscar . There should only be one player from each side allowed to approach the referee and that is the captain. This is the only way to combat it. Chelsea were eliminated from the Champions League on away goals as they drew 2-2 with PSG, the tie finishing 3-3 on aggregate.
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Zlatan Ibrahimovic was sent off in the first half for a challenge on Oscar . Chelsea's players swarmed round the referee immediately after the incident . Chelsea were eliminated on away goals by Paris Saint-Germain .
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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(CNN)A Black Hawk helicopter that went down in waters off the Florida Panhandle three days ago -- killing 11 service members -- had aborted a training mission due to bad weather before it crashed, a military official said Friday. On the same day that officials released the names of the seven Marines who were aboard, new details emerged Friday on the fatal mission at the Santa Rosa Sound near Eglin Air Force Base. As officials continue to investigate why the aircraft went down in thick fog Tuesday, Maj. Gen. Joseph L. Osterman -- commander of U.S. Marine Corps Forces Special Operations Command (MARSOC) -- told reporters that the Black Hawk was one of two that had to abort exercises involving water "insertion and extraction techniques" before the crash. "My understanding is ... that they were flying as we normally do -- two aircraft together," Osterman said. "As they went in, they encountered bad weather and made the decision to wave off and to abort the training mission. At that point, the one helicopter obviously made it back and determined that the second helicopter was not back with them in that return." The crash occurred at night -- hours after the two helicopters had successfully completed the same training exercise in daylight. The Black Hawk helicopters were training near Eglin as heavy fog shrouded the sound -- a narrow body of water between mainland northern Florida and a barrier island -- about 8:30 p.m. Tuesday, the military said. "The fog was moving in and out," Osterman said. "I think they had done the pre-assessment before going in, said that everything appeared to be OK, but then -- even in route -- made the decision (that) the risk was too high." The second helicopter lost communication with the missing aircraft and returned to begin the search operation, Osterman said. That operation has transitioned from rescue to recovery, with the military focused on recovering the helicopter, military officials said. Searchers found the helicopter at the bottom of the sound, and the bodies of the seven Marines and four Army National Guard members who were aboard. The bodies of at least two National Guard members were recovered Thursday, and the remains of the other two were believed to be in the underwater wreckage 25 feet below the surface, the Guard said. The crew members were with 1-244th Assault Helicopter Battalion from Hammond, Louisiana, according to a statement from the Louisiana National Guard. Osterman said the remains will be taken to Dover Air Force Base in Delaware for identification and forensic examinations before being turned over to the soldiers' families for burial. On Friday, MARSOC, based at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, identified the seven Marines who perished in the crash as Capt. Stanford H. Shaw, III, 31, of Basking Ridge, New Jersey; Master Sgt. Thomas A. Saunders, 33, of Williamsburg, Virginia; Staff Sgt. Marcus S. Bawol, 26, of Warren, Michigan; Staff Sgt. Trevor P. Blaylock, 29, of Lake Orion, Michigan; Staff Sgt. Liam A. Flynn, 33, of Queens, New York; Staff Sgt. Kerry M. Kemp, 27, of Port Washington, Wisconsin; and Staff Sgt. Andrew C. Seif, 26, of Holland, Michigan. They gave all: Profiles of those killed in helicopter crash . The names of the four Louisiana National Guard members were not released. "To have such a tremendous group of Marines -- obviously the experience that they had, the cohesion and teamwork and everything else that they exhibited -- it definitely hit us all hard by having that many at one time," Osterman said of the deaths. The cause of the crash is under investigation. Mark Giuliano, chief of the Eglin Air Force Base's fire department, said a couple of military boats already were in the water for safety purposes as part of the exercise but that "nobody saw anything because of the dense fog." "People said they heard a loud bang, and that was it," Giuliano said Thursday. The second Black Hawk -- which, like the first, was assigned to the 1-244th Assault Helicopter Battalion based in Hammond, Louisiana -- safely returned to the base, some 40 miles east of Pensacola. "Whatever the trouble was with the one aircraft, it did not involve the second helicopter that was participating in the exercise," Eglin spokesman Andy Bourland said earlier this week. Giuliano said the fire department, which has a unit on Santa Rosa Island near the crash site, was called to help at about 10 p.m. Tuesday, roughly 90 minutes after the crash. The military boats that were part of the mission already had been searching for survivors and wreckage, he said. Military officials have said it's too early to know whether the fog contributed to the crash. The 11 service members, all men, were involved in a seven-day training exercise of amphibious operations, said Capt. Barry Morris, a spokesman for the U.S. Marines Corps Special Operations Command. It involved small boats, and inserting and extracting Marines from the water via helicopter. Morris would not say which phase of the training the Marines were in Tuesday night. The initial search was hampered by dense fog, to the point that searchers on boats "could not see," Giuliano said. On Wednesday morning, after searchers got a sonar hit, a diver found the bulk of the wreck at the bottom of the sound, Giuliano said. Divers then went into the water "to start retrieving the aircrew," Giuliano said, without specifying how many bodies were recovered. The helicopter had broken into several pieces in a "high-impact crash," he said. The Coast Guard has hired a salvage company from Mobile, Alabama, to take the wreckage from the water, Giuliano said. On Wednesday, Gen. Martin Dempsey, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, said the crash was "a reminder to us that those who serve put themselves at risk, both in training and in combat." "We will work with the services to ensure that ... their family members will be well cared for." Osterman said the 2,500 MARSOC troops have been deployed to Afghanistan and other conflict zones during the last eight years -- earning seven Navy Crosses, 19 Silver Stars, 207 Bronze Stars and 189 Purple Hearts. "It is a very tight organization, and many of these Marines and sailors associated with MARSOC are more senior Marines," Osterman said. "Their families are all very close. In this particular case, they were all from the same team so they were very, very close. And everyone immediately rallied together." CNN's Ed Payne, Greg Botelho, Jason Hanna, John Newsome, Brian Carberry, Victor Blackwell, Jamie Crawford and Brad Lendon contributed to this report.
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All on the Black Hawk helicopter were killed in the crash . Four National Guard aircrew members and seven Marines died . Crash happened Tuesday in foggy conditions .
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Extract all of the dates mentioned in this paragraph and list them using bullets in the format {Date} - {Description}
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The Ghana Space Science and Technology Institute (GSSTI) was first established as a Centre under the School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences (SNAS) in January 2011 and launched in May 2012. It was later upgraded to an Institute in August 2013, to exploit space science and technology for socio-economic development of the country.
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• January 2011 - This is when the Ghana Space Science and Technology Institute (GSSTI) was first established as a Centre under the School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences
• May 2012 - This is when the Ghana Space Science and Technology Institute (GSSTI) was launched
• August 2013 - This is when the Ghana Space Science and Technology Institute was upgraded to an Institute
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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Sam Warburton will become Wales’ most capped captain on Saturday after the flanker overcame a knee problem to be named in the starting XV to face Ireland. The 26-year-old will lead an unchanged line-up for the RBS 6 Nations tie at the Millennium Stadium, where Wales are bidding to keep alive their championship hopes and derail Ireland’s Grand Slam charge. Warburton, who limped off during the victory over France, will overtake Ryan Jones on his landmark appearance, leading out his country for the 34th time since making his debut back in 2009. Sam Warburton (left) will become Wales’ most capped captain after the flanker overcame a knee problem . Wales training during their open session ahead of saturday's RBS Six Nations match against Ireland . Wales coach Warren Gatland smiles during the training session ahead of their vital tie . Gatland has named the same XV that beat France as they take on 'Europe's form team' in Cardiff . Wales head coach Gatland and captain Warburton face the media during the team announcement . ‘Saturday is also a fantastic achievement and honour for Sam,’ said Gatland. ‘He has developed into the role fantastically and is a modern day professional. He is a role model that will continue to get better.' Gatland has made just two changes to his matchday squad, with forwards Jake Ball and Rob Evans replacing the injured Bradley Davies and Paul James on the bench. ‘We return to the Millennium Stadium after two tough away trips with two victories and will be looking to build on that,’ said the Kiwi. ‘We saw an improvement against Scotland and then saw another step up against France and we know we will need to do the same against Ireland on Saturday. Ireland are the form team in Europe and we know it is going to be a huge battle. ‘The changes on the bench mean Rob Evans gets an opportunity. We have been impressed with him for his region and at training. Our strength in depth in the second-row is highlighted again as Jake comes back into the squad.’ Wales lost against England in Cardiff, but have been better in wins over Scotland and France (above) Warburton has overcome a knock picked up against France to captain Wales a record-breaking 34th time . Leigh Halfpenny (Toulon), George North (Northampton Saints), Jonathan Davies (ASM Clermont Auvergne), Jamie Roberts (Racing Metro), Liam Williams (Scarlets), Dan Biggar (Ospreys), Rhys Webb (Ospreys), Gethin Jenkins (Cardiff Blues), Scott Baldwin (Ospreys), Samson Lee (Scarlets), Luke Charteris (Racing Metro), Alun Wyn Jones (Ospreys), Dan Lydiate (Ospreys), Sam Warburton (Cardiff Blues, CAPT), Taulupe Faletau (Newport Gwent Dragons). Replacements: Richard Hibbard (Gloucester), Rob Evans (Scarlets), Aaron Jarvis (Ospreys), Jake Ball (Scarlets), Justin Tipuric (Ospreys), Mike Phillips (Racing Metro), Rhys Priestland (Scarlets), Scott Williams (Scarlets).
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Warren Gatland keeps the same starting XV who beat France in Paris . Sam Warburton will captain Wales for the 34th time in Cardiff on Saturday . Warburton had gone off injured against France, but is fit to play . Ireland chasing a Grand Slam, but Wales still in with a chance of title .
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It was all's well that ends well for this young elephant after it fell into a mud pit in Kenya. After wallowing in the dank ditch for up to 12 hours, these images and video capture the dramatic moment a digger saved the large mammal from a trunkful of trouble in a heroic rescue mission. The heart-rending rescue took place near Makindu in southern Kenya, where local farmers were shocked to find the distressed male elephant desperately trying to escape from a deep mud pit. Scroll down for video . The digger gets to work to save the stricken elephant after he got stuck in the well in Chyulu Hills National Park, southern Kenya . The young mammal was stuck wallowing in the dank ditch for up to 12 hours before he was able to make its way out of the muddy water . This is the moment the elephant made its break for safety, after the digger was able to create a gentle slope out of the heavy clay . Unable to help the large mammal climb the steep clay sides, wildlife conservationists enlisted the aid of a heroic construction company, who used their digger to plough the elephant to safety. Conservation scientist and wildlife photographer Jeremy Goss, 30, was on the scene to capture these dramatic photos and video footage of the courageous rescue on farmland bordering Chyulu Hills National Park. He said: 'It was heartbreaking to see the elephant in the well, particularly because the community had not been very keen or able to help it out. 'Elephants raid their crops and are generally not welcome, but it was a shocking sight for them nonetheless.' It is believed the young African elephant, which can weigh up to seven tonnes, the same weight as a London double decker bus, had been trapped in the murky sludge for up to 12 hours after it fell in the well while taking a drink. The elephant was thought to be searching for water in the area, which is experiencing an unusually intense dry period, when it discovered the man-made drinking well on farmland bordering the park, near the town of Makindu. Local farmers were shocked to find the male elephant desperately trying to escape from a deep mud pit he had been trying to drink from . The rescue took place near the town of Makindu. Conservation scientist and wildlife photographer Jeremy Goss, 30, captured what happened . The elephant was thought to be searching for water in an area of southern Kenya which is experiencing an unusually intense dry period . The young elephant appears to make a plea for help with his trunk (left), through which he was at least able to breath while he was stuck (right) Wildlife conservationists and park rangers from The Kenya Wildlife Service and Big Life Foundation were quick to the scene to help excavate the animal from its muddy prison. After it became clear there was no way for wildlife rangers to break the slippery bank, it was left to a digger from Chinese company China Road and Bridge Corporation, working on a nearby railway, to cultivate a gap in the bank allowing the mammal to walk to freedom. Exhausted from the ordeal, the elephant, which was too tired to move from the ditch, was eventually encouraged to make its dash out onto the open plains after being nudged by the digger. Jeremy said: 'This elephant had gone into a human dominated farming area that borders a national park at night to find water in a man-made well. 'The area has been experiencing a very dry period and water is hard to find. 'He must have slipped in while drinking and couldn't get out because of the steep clay sides. 'Wildlife conservationists watched helplessly for hours as the animal struggled in the well, but thankfully the Chinese construction company came to the rescue by providing the machine. Wildlife conservationists and park rangers from The Kenya Wildlife Service and Big Life Foundation were quick to the scene . The elephant enjoys his new found freedom. He was exhausted from the ordeal and was nearly too tired to move from the ditch . The elephant was eventually encouraged to make its dash out onto the open plains after being nudged by the digger . 'The digger managed to get the elephant out by digging one side out of the well, the operator having to make precision movements to avoid hitting the elephant in the small well. 'Once it emerged, it seemed very tired but otherwise seemingly unharmed.' Following the rescue, rangers were called upon to escort the elephant from the farmland back into Chyulu Hills National Park, home to the highest mountain range in eastern Kenya. Using land cruisers in tandem with a helicopter, the rangers tried to push the elephant in the direction of the 100 kilometre long national park, preventing it from moving back towards other farms and settlements. Jeremy said: 'There was then a difficult process where rangers had to prevent the elephant from moving back towards other farms, there were still lots of people that had been watching the rescue and they had to flee as the elephant ran in different directions. 'But it was a wonderful moment watching him escape from the well. It was because of humans that he ended up in trouble, but humans were able to help him survive. 'I just hope that he moved back into the safe natural area, and takes bit more care next time he goes for a drink.' Using land cruisers and a helicopter, rangers tried to push the elephant in the direction of the 100 kilometre long Chyulu Hills National Park . The move was needed to keep the male from heading back towards other farms and settlements where he may have got into more trouble .
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Images capture dramatic moment the mammal bounded to safety after being stuck in the dank well for 12 hours . Chyulu Hills National Park near the town of Makindu in southern Kenya was the scene for the rescue . Young African elephant was desperate for a drink in an area which is experiencing an unusually intense dry period . Digger was able to carve out a gentle slope the heavy clay up which the elephant could make his escape .
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Rohit Sharma hit his maiden World Cup century as India claimed a clinical 109 run victory over Bangladesh in the second quarter-final here on Thursday. It was the reigning World Cup champions’ 11th consecutive victory in a World Cup, second best only to Australia’s run of 25 matches between 2003-2011, as MS Dhoni won his 100th one-day international match as captain. Featuring in their first ever World Cup knockout match Bangladesh promised much early on as they restricted India to 125-3 from 30 overs but fell away under the pressure of the occasion, though there was an element of controversy. The platform for the resounding victory was set-up by Rohit’s measured innings as India posted 302 for six and was backed-up by an impressive 4-31 from Umesh Yadav as Bangladesh were bowled out for 193. Rohit Sharma hits out during his potentially match-winning innings of 137 for India at the MCG . Sharma hits through the onside on his way to a century for India against Bangladesh in Melbourne . Sharma celebrates as he reaches his hundred in India's the World Cup quarter final at the MCG . Sharma jumps for joy on reaching his hundred in what turned out to be a match-winning innings . It’s hard to think of another set of fans that turn out in such support for their side and with such vociferously worldwide as the Indian supporters do. At times the noise from the immensely vocal crowd will tell you all you need to know about what is going on in the middle. And, while that support no doubt buoys the Indian players, it equally places them under an incredible amount of pressure. The type of pressure that has seen Ravichandran Ashwin and Ravindra Jadeja’s places in the side constantly questioned because of the limited time they spent in the middle during the tournament. The mere fact that they have batted so little because the rest of India’s batsmen have performed so well is left by the way side. But if any of the players are feeling the weight of burden upon them then they are refusing to let it affect their game. In fact the players have risen to the task. Rohit Sharma is congratulated for his milestone by India captain MS Dhoni on Thursday . Rohit finally fell in the 47th over when he was bowled by Bangladeshi quick Taskin Ahmed . Rohit's innings of 137 from 126 balls came to an end after Taskin Ahmed endured some punishment . India's Suresh Raina goes aerial for a six in his innings of 65, India's second highest score . Raina celebrates reaching his half-century as India's batsman struggled to score quickly . Arguably Sharma came into this match as one the few top-order Indian batsmen who had yet to really impress, having made just 159 runs in his previous six innings. When required though, the 27-year-old rose to the challenge producing some of the best shots of the entire tournament. The Indian innings began uncharacteristically slowly as Bangladesh’s attack produced a master class in tight bowling. Shikhar Dhawan, having prodded and probed his way to a modest 30 of 50 balls, was stumped off the bowling of Shakib Al Hasan after being beaten by the flight of the ball and failing to drag his foot back in time. England’s ultimate destroyer Rubel Hossain erupted in jubilation eight balls later as he had star batsman Virat Kohli caught behind for just three. The dismissal was all the more impressive, with Mushfiqur Rahim taking a low catch, as the wicketkeeper was stood so far back a car could have fit between him and the stumps. Bangladesh wicketkeeper Mushfiqur Rahim whips off the bails to dismiss India opener Shikhar Dhawan . Dhawan was given out for 30 from the bowling of Shakib Al Hasan as India's opening partnership ended on 75 . Taskin Ahmed (left) and Mashrafe Mortaza chest bump in celebration after the wicket of Ajinkya Rahane . Ahmed was the pick of Bangladesh's bowlers with three wickets for 69 runs off his 10 overs . Ahmed (left) and Shakib Al Hasan (right) fall to the ground laughing as Rahane walks back to the pavilion . And when Ajinkya Rahane mistimed a loft over extra-cover from a fuller Taskin Ahmed delivery to depart for painful 19 off 37 balls, India looked to be struggling. If discipline defined the first 30 overs for Bangladesh, having bowled an impressive 107 of those 180 as dot balls, then meltdown almost perfectly defined the last 17. Mashrafe Mortaza took the ball in the first over of the batting powerplay and after Suresh Raina sent the ball between two fielders, the Bangladeshi captain stood and berated his players. However, the game-changing over followed four overs later as Rubel believed he had Rohit caught at deep midwicket for 90, only for the delivery to be called a waist-high no ball. Confusion ensued, with the Bangladeshi players calling for a third-umpire second opinion but Ian Gould remained unmoved and Rohit remained at the crease. After reaching his ton off 108 balls the right-handed batsman let loose, lofting a beautiful inside-out drive for six. Taskin eventually had his man, bowling an excellent yorker – a delivery so rare now but still a marvel when produced perfectly – as Rohit departed to a standing ovation from the 51,000 strong crowd. Bangladesh's Rubel Hossain gives key wicket Virat Kohli an impassioned send off as he's dismissed . Hossain followed a series of short balls with a full and wide delivery that caught Kohli's outside edge . Tamim Iqbal got Bangladesh off to a steady start with a run a ball 25 before falling to Umesh Yadav . Yadav celebrates his breakthrough as he finds Iqbal's edge and MS Dhoni takes the catch to make it 33-1 . It seemed surprising then that the 19-year-old bowler was another who found himself on the end of a verbal rollicking from his captain as India passed the 300 run mark for the third time in the tournament. At the beginning of the year 302-6 would probably have been seen as an achievable target against an Indian bowling attack that looked anything but international players. But with MS Dhoni’s pack of bowlers having claimed 60 wickets in six matches Bangladesh needed Tamim Iqbal to fire from the beginning. Having found the boundary rope four times, Tamim departed for a run-a-ball 25 as Dhoni took a low catch off Yadav’s bowling. Without a run being added to their total, a mix-up in the middle saw Imrul Kayes run-out for five and Bangladesh two down for 33. Bangladesh did their to best to keep up with the rate but the constant loss of wickets hindered their chances of making the match a contest. Without adding a run Mahmudullah (left) and Imrul Kayes found themselves at the same end of the pitch . Despite a desperate dive, Kayes is run out as Yadav whips off the bails after a throw from Ravindra Jadeja . India opening bowler Mohammed Shami (right) celebrates taking the wicket of Bagladesh's Soumya Sarkar . Shami claimed the Tigers No 3 caught behind as Sarkar attempted to hold his side's innings together . Yadav celebrates the wicket of Mushfiqur Rahim as India take total control of the quarter-final . India fans were out in force in Melbourne for the day-night quarter-final on Thursday . The national flag of India is impossible to miss at the famous ground as Raina celebrates his 50 . Police speak to a fan wearing an India shirt and sitting behind a group of Bangladesh supporters . Soumya Sarkar (29), Mushfiqur (27), Sabbir Rahman (30) and Nassir Hossain (35) all made starts but Bangladesh failed to ever really trouble the Indian bowlers who bowled out their opposition for a seventh consecutive match. While Rohit walked away with the man-of-the-match award, having become the fourth Indian batsman to hit a century during this World Cup, the Indian bowlers contribution to the side remains invaluable. Ridiculed ahead of the start of the tournament and spoken of as India’s weak link, Yadav, Mohammad Shami and Mohit Sharma continue to carry their side to outstanding victories. India look intent on holding on to the World Cup and at the moment it would take a very brave individual to bet against them. The winner of Friday’s match between Australia and Pakistan await in the semi-finals.
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Rohit Sharma scored 137 from 126 balls as India posted a total of 302 . Suresh Raina was second top scorer for India in the first innings with 65 . Bangladesh were bowled out 109 runs short at the MCG . MS Dhoni's side won all six of their group matches on way to last eight . Bangladesh finished fourth in Group A after sending England packing . Defending champions now meet Australia or Pakistan in the semi-finals . CLICK HERE for all the latest news from the Cricket World Cup .
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Given a reference text about Gennady Petrovich Lyachin, tell me when he joined the navy and when he was decommissioned.
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Gennady Petrovich Lyachin (Russian: Геннадий Петрович Лячин; 1 January 1955 – 12 August 2000) was a Russian navy officer. He was the commanding officer of the Russian submarine Kursk when the vessel suffered a series of explosions and sank on 12 August 2000.
Lyachin was born in Sarpinsky in Volgograd Oblast. He entered the Navy in 1972 and graduated from the Higher Naval School of Submarine Navigation named for Lenin Komsomol in 1977 and was commissioned as an officer. He served as a weapons officer aboard the diesel-electric Juliett class cruise missile submarine K-58. From 1984 to 1986, as Captain 3rd Rank, he served as the executive officer of the K-77, also a Juliett Class. In 1986 he attended Advanced Special Officers' Classes during which time he was promoted to Captain 2nd Rank.
In October 1988, Lyachin received his first command, the K-304 also a Juliett class. He held this position until the K-304 was decommissioned after the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991.
In April 1991, he was appointed executive officer of a nuclear submarine, the Project 949A Antey class (NATO reporting name Oscar-II) K-119 Voronezh and served aboard through 1996. He and the newly formed crew spent the time between September 1991 and March 1993 undergoing training in Obninsk.
Lyachin was promoted to the rank of Captain 1st Rank in 1996 and given command of the Voronezh's sister ship, the ill-fated K-141 Kursk, the very last Project 949A submarine to be completed, which had been commissioned only two years earlier. When the Kursk sank on August 12, 2000, Lyachin perished along with the rest of the 117 crew members.
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Gennady Petrovich Lyachin joined the Navy in 1972 and was decommissioned in 1991 after the fall of the Soviet Union.
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Teddy Sheringham says James Wilson could score 20 goals a season for Manchester United if Louis van Gaal played him. Sheringham has heaped praise on Wilson and claimed the exciting 19-year-old has all the attributes to be a top striker. Talking to United Review, Sheringham, who is forwards' coach at West Ham United, takes a keen interest in strikers across the Barclays Premier League, and said: 'I really like James Wilson. Teddy Sheringham has backed Manchester United striker James Wilson to become an Old Trafford success . Wilson, pictured scoring against QPR, has scored two goals in 16 appearances for Manchester United . Wilson (right) remains behind Radamel Falcao (centre) and Robin van Persie in United's pecking order . 'It’s a shame for him that Radamel Falcao and Robin van Persie are in front of him. Louis van Gaal said recently that he doesn’t have a striker who can score 20 goals a season, but I think if you put Wilson up there with Wayne Rooney then you’d have two players who can reach those figures for you.' Wilson made his first-team debut at the end of the 2013-14 season under former interim manager Ryan Giggs but has mainly been on the bench during Van Gaal's time at the club. Having sat on the bench again for Sunday's 3-0 win over Tottenham Hotspur, Wilson was handed some playing time for the Under 21s on Monday and scored the opening goal in a 2-1 victory over Everton. Sheringham added: 'He’s very direct, scores goals, has good pace and that added bonus of being a left-footer – they always tend to catch defenders off guard and it always looks more special when the left-footed strike goes in. 'I like his attitude, he looks a good player, a good prospect and one that everyone needs to keep an eye on.' West Ham coach Sheringham believes United starlet Wilson is capable of scoring 20 goals a season .
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Teddy Sheringham has lavished praise on Man United striker James Wilson . The West Ham coach believes Wilson deserves a chance to start in attack . Sheringham is keen to see Wilson partner Man United's Wayne Rooney . Wilson is behind Robin van Persie and Radamel Falcao in pecking order . READ: If you don't view rate Rooney then you have no passion for football . CLICK HERE for all the latest Manchester United news .
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What plants and animals are native to Arches National Park
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An abundance of wildlife occurs in Arches National Park, including spadefoot toads, antelope squirrels, scrub jays, peregrine falcons, many kinds of sparrows, red foxes, desert bighorn sheep, kangaroo rats, mule deers, cougars, midget faded rattlesnakes, yucca moths, western rattlesnakes, and collared lizards.
A number of plant species are common in the park, including prickly pear cactus, Indian ricegrass, bunch grasses, cheatgrass, moss, liverworts, Utah juniper, Mormon tea, blackbrush, cliffrose, four-winged saltbrush, pinyon pine, evening primrose, sand verbena, yucca, and sacred datura.
Biological soil crust consisting of cyanobacteria, lichen, mosses, green algae, and microfungi is found throughout southeastern Utah. The fibrous growths help keep soil particles together, creating a layer that is more resistant to erosion. The living soil layer readily absorbs and stores water, allowing more complex forms of plant life to grow in places with low precipitation levels.
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Spadefoot toads, antelope squirrels, scrub jays, peregrine falcons, many kinds of sparrows, red foxes, desert bighorn sheep, kangaroo rats, mule deers, cougars, midget faded rattlesnakes, yucca moths, western rattlesnakes, and collared lizards are native animals to Arches National Park.
Prickly pear cactus, Indian ricegrass, bunch grasses, cheatgrass, moss, liverworts, Utah juniper, Mormon tea, blackbrush, cliffrose, four-winged saltbrush, pinyon pine, evening primrose, sand verbena, yucca, and sacred datura are common plant species in Arches National Park
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For those who witnessed Ireland’s approach to playing Scotland at Celtic Park in November at close quarters, suggestions that they are a robust and direct unit scarcely seem tantamount to slander. Martin O’Neill’s side may not quite have mirrored the ultra-industrial style favoured by Jack Charlton’s men all those years ago, yet there were precious few morsels of real quality for the game’s purists to feast on. Were Poland then, doing any more than stating the blindingly obvious this week when they spoke extensively of Ireland’s one-dimensional, strong-arm strategy in their qualifying games thus far? Aiden McGeady celebrates scoring for Republic of Ireland against Georgia . You wouldn’t have thought so but, then again, Martin O’Neill, whose Ireland side entertain the Poles in Dublin, has never been one to resist an ever-so diplomatic counter-swipe at such accusations. Clearly keen to gain the slightest psychological edge ahead of what is being viewed as a must win game for the Republic, the former Celtic manager bristled when word of the Poles’ comments was relayed to him at their Malahide base on Friday. ‘I’m not really bothered about what they say — genuinely not bothered,’ O’Neill insisted. ‘I’m not so sure they could glean that from the games we have played. It’s not for me to retort but Poland are as physical a side as I have seen in some time.’ Ouch. Adam Nawalka’s side are a pretty accomplished one, too, however. Currently sitting on top of Group D, Ireland will surely need snookers to catch them if they leave the Aviva Stadium with another maximum return of points. Having won in Georgia and pinched a point in Germany, Ireland’s campaign hit the buffers with defeat in Glasgow in their last competitive outing. In a section with next to no margin for error, O’Neill’s side badly need to begin a sequence of four home games from five with a win. In that regard, a degree of calculated risk taking is in order. Aiden McGeady’s downturn in form has seen him excluded from Roberto Martinez’s Everton side since January 31 but – while far from ideal - his international manager sees that as no barrier to inclusion. McGeady’s downturn in form at Everton should not affect his Ireland position . ‘You can get away on a bit of adrenaline if you are reasonably fit and I think he’s been fit for a number of weeks. He just hasn’t played for Everton in that time,’ said O’Neill, who handed the player his Celtic debut 11 years ago. ‘Adrenaline can carry you a certain distance. You wouldn’t want to be going into a game with say three or four players not having played that much football. ‘That may happen but you know that as some stage these players are going to tire a bit. But it is what it is. ‘It’s a disappointment from this side but I’m not in charge of their club commitments. ‘Listen, it would be absolutely fantastic if players were coming in here on the back of having played games the last couple of weekends. ‘You always sense it’s never going to be that way. I was involved as a player at Northern Ireland and we had players coming in who hadn’t played much at club level but suddenly they got a lift from playing international football. ‘That’s what I’d be hoping for.’ If O’Neill is bemused by McGeady’s exclusion at club level, he made a fine job of hiding it. ‘That’s entirely up to Everton,’ he straight-batted. ‘If I was to make that judgment on every single player at club level, I might be listening to the wrong comments. ‘Roberto Martinez is absolutely entitled to pick whoever he wants to at club level. ‘If he doesn’t think that Aiden is playing well enough to be picked for his team, that’s entirely up to him. Republic of Ireland coach Roy Keane shares a joke with McGeady during training session . ‘We’ve a different aspect here. He is obviously very important for us. He’d a great start against Georgia, continued that on although he may have been a little disappointed (in how he played) against Scotland. ‘Overall, he is important to us. I think just the change of environment might just give him that lift. I’m hopeful. ‘He’ll be a bit disappointed that he’s not in the Everton starting side. But he’ s here, he knows what he’s done for us in the recent past and that should give him a lift.’ McGeady might well be facing a familiar figure in the Polish goal. Artur Boruc, also formerly employed in Glasgow’s East End, is being tipped to win his 60th cap here after Wojciech Szczesny’s recent relegation to the Arsenal bench. ‘It’s some years ago but in his spell at Celtic he was one of the top five goalkeepers in European football,’ said O’Neill, who left Parkhead in 2005 just as Boruc was coming in. ‘Of course, there’s some water under the bridge since then and he’s now down at Bournemouth. But he was a fine goalkeeper before and if the manager is thinking of picking him, he must have great faith in him at the moment.’ Self-confidence among the Poles is scarcely at a premium. Still unbeaten in the qualifiers, their only blemish so far came in the 2-2 draw with Scotland in Warsaw. O’Neill knows – from bitter experience in Glasgow – how the entire dynamic of the section can turn in an instant. His warning then, not to gift the likes of Robert Lewandowski a prized victory hardly needs to be overstated. ‘We’re 75 minutes into the game and our concentration faded,’ O’Neill recalled of Shaun Maloney’s winning goal from a set-piece. ‘I know as you get tired in a match your concentration goes a little bit, but that really shouldn’t happen. ‘I think Poland’s approach will be a pretty positive, as suggested by the results they have got. ‘In the game against Germany there were moments in the match where I would say fortune broke for them at the time. ‘But they have earned that and they have put up points on the board. ‘Their second-half performance against Georgia in Georgia was particularly strong. ‘I’m expecting a big, big game. But this is the first match of a run where we have four out of five at home and it is up to us to do something about it.’
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Republic of Ireland take on Poland in Euro 2016 qualifier on Sunday . Aiden McGeady likely to feature despite lack of playing time at Everton . Martin O’Neill’s side begin sequence of four home games from five .
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Lille want to keep Manchester City attacking midfielder Marcos Lopes on loan for another season. The 19-year-old Portuguese joined Lille in August and has scored three goals in 16 appearances, including the winner in their 2-1 triumph over Lyon last weekend. The youngster is rated at City but is out of contract in 2016, and they will look to extend his deal in the summer before discussing another season away from the Etihad. Lille want to keep Manchester City's 19-year-old attacking midfielder Marcos Lopes for another season loan . The 19-year-old Portuguese joined Lille in August and has scored three goals in 16 appearances . Lopes has stood out at Lille, even with the French club sitting just ninth in Ligue 1. It is understood Lille has begun talks with the Barclays Premier League champions over possibly keeping him for an additional year. Portugal Under-21 international Lopes joined City from Benfica as a youth player in 2011 but has yet to feature for the senior squad in the league. He scored after just two minutes on his professional debut in the FA Cup against Watford during a 3-0 win in 2013 to make him the youngest ever goalscorer for the first team in a competitive match at the age of 17 years and nine days. Lille attacking midfielder Lopes (centre) celebrates after scoring against Lyon last week in Ligue 1 . Lopes has stood out at Lille, even with the French club sitting just ninth in Ligue 1 .
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Lille want to keep 19-year-old Marcos Lopes for another season . The Manchester City youngster has impressed in Ligue 1 for Lille . City are keen on the youngster but his contract expires in 2016 .
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(CNN)Well, it was weird while it lasted. On Wednesday, lawmakers in Ireland rushed to close a loophole that temporarily made it legal to possess Ecstasy, crystal methamphetamine, ketamine, magic mushrooms and a host of other recreational drugs. The loophole was inadvertently opened the day before, when an appeals court invalidated one section of the Misuse of Drugs Act 1977. The court ruled that Irish governments had been unconstitutionally adding substances to Section 2 of the law for decades. "We prepared for this possibility. Legislation was prepared and approved in advance by Cabinet," Minister for Health Leo Varadkar said in a written statement. "The emergency legislation ... will re-instate the status quo ante and re-control all drugs that were controlled prior to this judgment." The emergency law moved through the Irish legislature and was signed by the President on Wednesday, meaning that the drugs would become illegal to possess again at midnight, a Department of Health spokeswoman told CNN. Varadkar said the temporarily legalized substances -- which include a wide array of synthetic or "head shop" drugs -- "all have very significant health risks that outweigh any perceived recreational benefits," according to the Irish Times. The original schedule of substances listed in the 1977 law -- including cannabis, cocaine and heroin -- were untouched by the appeals court ruling and remained illegal. Varadkar also told the Irish Times that the court ruling could affect "dozens" of cases, although The Journal of Ireland said the court's decision will affect only cases now in the judicial process.
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The president signs emergency legislation . The loophole opened when an appeals court struck down part of Ireland's drug law .
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Clarke Carlisle previously threw himself in front of a lorry in a bid to take his own life, leaving him injured and the driver unable to get behind the wheel again . The lorry driver who struck former footballer Clarke Carlisle, who had thrown himself into the vehicle's path, has said he may never be able to drive an HGV again. Earlier this year the 35-year-old Premier League defender revealed how he had jumped in front of a lorry near his home on the A64, near York after battling severe depression. He was struck by Darren Pease who feared both would die after glass shattered following the crash, leaving them with cuts to their faces and the driver temporarily blinded. Mr Pease, 53, told the Daily Mirror: 'That feeling is indescribable - to think you are going to die. I don't think I'll ever be able to get behind the wheel of a lorry again. I can't see any way back for me at this point. I can't drive a car properly, never mind a wagon.' The lorry driver, who had been travelling to Driffield in east Yorkshire at the time of the crash, said he spent Christmas wondering if Carlisle, who has three children, was going to survive. Mr Pease said he now struggles to leave the house and has not been able to return to work. He added: 'All I could think was that I had killed someone. How am I going to live with this? What am I going to tell everybody? 'What do you say? It's unreal, the shock meant I couldn't stand or walk, I was in a wheelchair.' Mr Pease also struggles if images of Carlisle appear on the television and has to quickly switch it off. Carlisle was released from hospital last month, around six weeks after the accident on December 22. Scroll down for video . He said after he was released he realised he was unwell. He had been struggling after he was told by ITV he was losing his £100,000-a-year Champions League pundit role. Carlisle admitted he went straight to a casino and blew money he and his wife had saved, only hours later on December 20, to be charged with drink-driving. It was then that the former chairman of the Professional Footballers' Association decided that his children could not have a criminal father and he decided he wanted to die. Carlisle was recently released from hospital six weeks after he was injured in a collision with a lorry . After the accident Carlisle said he had 'overwhelming feelings of shame, guilt and embarrassment.' He was taken to hospital and suffered cuts, bruises, internal bleeding, a broken rib and a shattered left knee. He is now having counselling. Mr Pease has had to take sick leave from his £19,500-a-year job and is receiving treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder. Carlisle was the first player to win Countdown and in 2002 was awarded the title 'Britain's Brainiest Footballer' In 2011 he became the first footballer to appear on BBC's topical debate show Question Time (far left) After Carlisle spoke out about the incident sports personalities and football clubs posted messages of support. Carlisle, considered one of the most intelligent footballers of his generation with 10 Grade A GCSEs, made more than 500 appearances for nine clubs in a career that spanned 16 years. He was the first football player to win Countdown in 2002 and BBC Sport awarded him the title 'Britain's brainiest footballer.' He has also appeared on Question Time twice. Carlisle (left) played for Northampton Town in 2013 and was pictured (right) after the road accident . His most notable stint as a Premier League player came during his five years with Burnley, with him featuring for them in 2009-10, their first season in the division. After Carlisle spoke out about the crash actor Ralf Little faced criticism after he accused the footballer of not telling the full story. For confidential support call the Samaritans in the UK on 08457 90 90 90, visit a local Samaritans branch or click here for details.
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Former footballer Clarke Carlisle threw himself in front of a lorry last year . He was struck by 53-year-old Darren Pease who thought he had killed him . Mr Pease said he doesn't think he will ever be able to drive a lorry again . Carlisle last year told how he had spiralled into severe depression . Father-of-three was losing his job as a pundit and blew money in a casino . He then got arrested for drink driving and was worried about his children .
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Who is Hugo Chavez?
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Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈuɣo rafaˈel ˈtʃaβes ˈfɾi.as] (listen); 28 July 1954 – 5 March 2013) was a Venezuelan politician who was president of Venezuela from 1999 until his death in 2013, except for a brief period in 2002. Chávez was also leader of the Fifth Republic Movement political party from its foundation in 1997 until 2007, when it merged with several other parties to form the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV), which he led until 2012.
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Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈuɣo rafaˈel ˈtʃaβes ˈfɾi.as] (listen); 28 July 1954 – 5 March 2013) was a Venezuelan politician who was president of Venezuela from 1999 until his death in 2013, except for a brief period in 2002. Chávez was also leader of the Fifth Republic Movement political party from its foundation in 1997 until 2007, when it merged with several other parties to form the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV), which he led until 2012.
Born into a middle-class family in Sabaneta, Barinas, Chávez became a career military officer and, after becoming dissatisfied with the Venezuelan political system based on the Puntofijo Pact, he founded the clandestine Revolutionary Bolivarian Movement-200 (MBR-200) in the early 1980s. Chávez led the MBR-200 in its unsuccessful coup d'état against the Democratic Action government of President Carlos Andrés Pérez in 1992, for which he was imprisoned. Pardoned from prison two years later, he founded the Fifth Republic Movement political party, and then receiving 56.2% of the vote, was elected president of Venezuela in 1998. He was re-elected in 2000 with 59.8% of the vote and again in 2006 with 62.8% of the vote. After winning his fourth term as president in the October 2012 presidential election with a decrease to 55.1% of the vote, he was to be sworn in on 10 January 2013. However, the inauguration was postponed due to his cancer treatment, and on 5 March at age 58, he died in Caracas.
Following the adoption of a new constitution in 1999, Chávez focused on supposedly enacting social reforms as part of the Bolivarian Revolution. Using record-high oil revenues of the 2000s, his government nationalized key industries, created participatory democratic Communal Councils and implemented social programs known as the Bolivarian missions to expand access to food, housing, healthcare and education. The high oil profits coinciding with the start of Chavez's presidency resulted in temporary improvements in areas such as poverty, literacy, income equality and quality of life between primarily 2003 and 2007, though extensive changes in structural inequalities did not occur. On 2 June 2010, Chávez declared an "economic war" on Venezuela's upper classes due to shortages, arguably beginning the crisis in Venezuela. By the end of Chávez's presidency in the early 2010s, economic actions performed by his government during the preceding decade, such as deficit spending and price controls, proved to be unsustainable, with Venezuela's economy faltering. At the same time, poverty, inflation and shortages increased.
Under Chávez, Venezuela experienced democratic backsliding, as he suppressed the press, manipulated electoral laws, and arrested and exiled government critics. His use of enabling acts and his government's use of propaganda were controversial. Chávez's presidency saw significant increases in the country's murder rate[page needed] and continued corruption within the police force and government.
Across the political spectrum, Chávez is regarded as one of the most influential and controversial politicians in the modern history of Venezuela and Latin America. His 14-year presidency marked the start of the socialist "pink tide" sweeping Latin America—he supported Latin American and Caribbean cooperation and was instrumental in setting up the pan-regional Union of South American Nations, the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, the Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas, the Bank of the South and the regional television network TeleSUR. Internationally, Chávez aligned himself with the Marxist–Leninist governments of Fidel and then Raúl Castro in Cuba, as well as the socialist governments of Evo Morales in Bolivia, Rafael Correa in Ecuador and Daniel Ortega in Nicaragua. Chávez's ideas, programs, and style form the basis of "Chavismo", a political ideology closely associated with Bolivarianism and socialism of the 21st century. Chávez described his policies as anti-imperialist, being a prominent adversary of the United States's foreign policy as well as a vocal critic of neoliberalism and laissez-faire capitalism. He described himself as a Marxist.
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(CNN)Five Muslim women stand tall in a boxing ring, slowly winding strapping around their hands. A spotlight is trained on them and the audience draws close, hanging on their every word. "How can we be truthful if we have to hide out of shame, feel humiliated for feeling, for saying, doing, thinking as we please? How can that be freedom, how can that be truth?" Performed at Southbank Centre's WOW -- Women of the World Festival -- Common Wealth Theatre's "No Guts, No Heart, No Glory," tells the true story of Muslim female boxers from Bradford in the north of England, and how they are using the sport to transcend religious and gender barriers. The critically acclaimed show -- in which the women stamp, dance, shout, swear, punch, and even crowd surf -- was partly inspired by Ambreen Sadiq, a former UK national champion, and one of Britain's first Muslim female boxers. Her journey to success wasn't easy -- as a victim of bullying at the age of 13 she found respite in boxing after being introduced to it by her father and brother. "I got bullied quite a lot growing up, my dad's Pakistani and my mum's Portuguese," Sadiq told CNN. "I got stick from both sides, from white and black people. I felt like I wasn't accepted. I used to move schools so many times just to feel accepted. "People would stay stuff about how I looked... everyone said that's a boy's sport, what are you doing that for? You're going to look like a man, like a transsexual. "I was bullied from such a young age, I felt like it was never going to stop. Boxing helped me to control that anger." It was a transformative experience for Sadiq -- she went from being quiet, having few friends and getting into fights to plucking up courage to start conversations, and thereby build self confidence. "Instead of punching someone in the face I'd punch the bag," she added. "If anyone came up to me and said anything I could just walk away from it -- whereas before I'd just straight punch them in the face or something. So it's helped me a lot with discipline." It's sometimes hard to imagine Sadiq as a boxer -- her movements are calm and assured, and a kind smile is never far from her lips. "Boxing has made me the person I am today, and I'm so proud of the person I am," said the 20-year-old trailblazer, who is now looked up to by girls from all kinds of communities wanting to follow in her footsteps. "I've had a lot of girls -- not just Asian girls -- coming up to me and asking, how do you stop people saying it's a boy's sport? How can you convince your parents to let you box?" While boxing for many is just a sport -- albeit a violent one -- when it comes to women and Muslims participating it can feel more like a cause, with Sadiq often finding herself explaining her motivation to girls. "What's the difference if a boy boxes or if a girl boxes? When we're in that ring we look like boxers -- we don't look like a girl or a boy. "You come into that gym, you come into that show, you come into that ring thinking I'm a boxer, not that I'm a girl or I'm a boy." The role of Nicola Adams -- the first ever female boxer to win an Olympic gold medal -- has also been key in the fight for acceptance. Sadiq tells the story of how several years ago her coach Alwyn Belcher, who also worked with Adams, originally refused to train women -- that is, until he turned up to coach the GB team (believing they'd be men) only to find an enthusiastic bunch of women ready to work. "That's the day he met Nicola Adams," recalls Sadiq with a laugh. "He said from that day he thought girls were better boxers -- because they like to listen." Since Adams' success at the Olympic Games, females boxing once a week increased by 79% according to a 2013 Sport England study, but even the production of "No Guts, No Heart, No Glory" highlighted the barriers women potentially face. Cast member and aspiring medical student Freyaa Ali said there was a girl who had wanted to participate in the show, but was ultimately prevented from doing so by her relatives. "It wasn't even the boxing and it wasn't even the speech, it was the dancing we do in the ring. I'm incredibly lucky to be able to do this, and I was just so sad for her. You know there are certain women out there who can't do what we're doing right now." "I think that's what makes me even more passionate about doing this -- we want to give them a voice and give them a reason, so they know they can have confidence to do stuff like this." If women do feel restricted by their religion or gender, Ali urged them to take things step by step. "Go for it, just go for it. I think maybe talk to your parents first, and just tell them Mum, Dad, this is what I want to do, I want to box, I want to dance, I want to act, or whatever she wants to do. "Tell them, you know what? Its OK what I'm doing, I'm not going to be going out of my boundaries and doing bad things, I'm going to stick to my limits and stick to my religion, it's not harming anyone. "My parents would say, if you're happy, we're happy. I think anyone's parents would say that wouldn't they? "The first step is trying it and opening that door. Once you can open it an inch you can open it a mile."
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"No Guts, No Heart, No Glory" is a play by Common Wealth Theatre that tells the true story of Muslim female boxers . The performance was partly inspired by former UK national champion Ambreen Sadiq who experienced bullying and discrimination . "We want to give them a voice and give them a reason, so they know they can have confidence" says cast member Freyaa Ali about girls in boxing .
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Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger has revealed he puts himself into quarantine after his side lose and feels 'like a dog who is sick.' The Gunners are currently third in the Premier League as they chase another season in the Champions League and Wenger's side won all six matches in March. The 65-year-old, who has been Arsenal manager since 1996, insists if his side suffer defeat he goes into isolation to prevent his bad mood affecting other people in his life. Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger looks agitated as he watches his side face Newcastle last weekend . 'I never go out after we lose, I just sit at home miserably and think about why we lost,' Wenger told Arsenal magazine. 'I've had periods where I've stayed at home for two or three days. If we have not got a game for a while, and we have lost, there are times when I have not gone out for days. 'It really hurts. If it does not, you will never survive in the game,' added Wenger. Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger watches his side take on Newcastle before the international break . 'People who live around you suffer with you, so the only thing I can do is try to get out of other people's way. 'I try to be like a dog who is sick – I go away into quarantine and come back when I'm cured!' Wenger will hope his side can continue their fine recent form against Liverpool after the international break, in a crucial fixture in the race for Champions League qualification. Arsenal striker Olivier Giroud has been in fine form as Arsenal won every match they played in March .
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Arsene Wenger has been manager of Arsenal since 1996 . The Frenchman has guided Arsenal to third in Premier League this season . Wenger's side won every match in March in all competitions . CLICK HERE for all the latest Arsenal news .
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Extract ways to observe a black hole. Separate them with a "-" in multiple lines.
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The presence of a black hole can be inferred through its interaction with other matter and with electromagnetic radiation such as visible light. Any matter that falls onto a black hole can form an external accretion disk heated by friction, forming quasars, some of the brightest objects in the universe. Stars passing too close to a supermassive black hole can be shredded into streamers that shine very brightly before being "swallowed." If other stars are orbiting a black hole, their orbits can determine the black hole's mass and location. Such observations can be used to exclude possible alternatives such as neutron stars. In this way, astronomers have identified numerous stellar black hole candidates in binary systems and established that the radio source known as Sagittarius A*, at the core of the Milky Way galaxy, contains a supermassive black hole of about 4.3 million solar masses.
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A black hole can be observed via the following ways:
- Accretion disk heated by friction when matter falls into black hole.
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What programming language does Spark support?
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Apache Spark has built-in support for Scala, Java, SQL, R, and Python with 3rd party support for the .NET CLR, Julia and more.
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Apache Spark has built-in support for Scala, Java, SQL, R, and Python. It also supports 3rd party programming language such as .NET CLR, Julia and more.
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(CNN)Nicholas Brendon, the actor who played Buffy's sidekick Xander on "Buffy the Vampire Slayer," was arrested Friday on a charge of criminal mischief and property damage in Tallahassee, Florida. The actor, who has a recurring role on the CBS show "Criminal Minds," was in Tallahassee for a comic book convention. Tallahassee Police encountered Brendon, 43, at a hotel "in a state of confusion" with toothpaste on his face, rips in his clothes and pants wet from an overflowing toilet he allegedly caused, according to a police report. When officers checked the room, they found overturned furniture, the phone torn off the wall and water flowing from the bathroom to the hallway, the report said. In another room where Brendon was staying, they found a "prescription pill bottle" with one pill left out of 10 that had been filled earlier that day. Hotel management asked to press charges, the report said, noting that Brendon was cooperative as he was placed under arrest. Brendon was arrested under similar circumstances in October and February. His representatives responded to CNN with a statement that said, "Nicholas is battling a disease. He has been suffering from a lifelong desolation due to childhood trauma and he is finally coming to terms with what happened and where he sees himself in the future. This is the first time in his adult life that he is able to admit his troubles publicly, and he wants to do so while seeking the treatment that is best for him. This goes beyond a few months in a rehabilitation center, or a quick dose of anti-depressants: Nicholas' struggle will go on for years, but he has a strong support system behind him that will guide him through the uphill battle that is chronic depression." It went on, "This past weekend's chain of events was a cry for help. While it's been depicted that Nicholas is a raging alcoholic with an anger problem, that is not the case. In the coming months, as Nicholas seeks treatment and speaks out about his demons, we are hoping to clear up any misconceptions about his character and his illness. Nicholas has sought legal and medical counsel to guide him."
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Nicholas Brendon of "Buffy the Vampire Slayer" has a recurring role on "Criminal Minds" His representatives say he "has been suffering from a lifelong desolation due to childhood trauma"
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Conor McGregor may have to wait until July to get his hands on Jose Aldo but that hasn't stopped the Irishman taking his frustration out on the UFC featherweight champion. McGregor challenges for the belt at UFC 189 on July 11 in Las Vegas and he wasted little time in goading his Brazilian opponent on a recent trip to Rio de Janeiro. Visiting an Irish pub, the Dubliner threw darts at a board with a photo of Aldo attached. He then took off his shirt and worse sunglasses before continuing his attack. Conor McGregor threw darts at a board with a picture of UFC champion Jose Aldo attached . McGregor visited an Irish pub in Rio de Janeiro as part of a world tour before his fight with Aldo in July . McGregor later posed for photographs with fans before talking to the media. 'They love me out here. I own Rio. Where's Jose? He's not even here, rumour has it he's fled the country,' he said. McGregor has risen to stardom in the UFC after five victories over the last two years. He earned his shot at Aldo by stopping Denis Siver in the second round in January.
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Conor McGregor takes on Jose Aldo in Las Vegas on July 11 . McGregor is in Rio de Janeiro as part of a world tour to promote the fight . The Irishman threw darts at a pictue of the UFC featherweight champion . McGregor is undefeated in his five fights in the UFC . CLICK HERE for all the latest UFC news .
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A daredevil has taken parkour to its limits by performing reckless stunts from a moving, tilted truck. Abdullah Omar AlAli, 21, got into the street gymnastics craze just a year ago in his home city of Dubai, United Arab Emirates - but backflips and handstands on park benches were just not enough. Instead he pulls his stunts from a Toyota Land Cruiser, which a driver tips precariously onto two wheels in another dangerous procedure known as 'sidewalk skiing'. Dicing with death: Abdullah Omar AlAli, 21, got into the street gymnastics craze parkour just a year ago - and now performs on a moving truck . Talented: The daredevil accepts that what he does is dangerous, but says he wants to draw attention to the thrill of parkour for everyone . Mr AlAli, who has no formal training but a black belt in Taekwondo, begins his stunts by climbing out of the truck's rear driver side window while it is moving on its side. He then scrambles onto the top where he performs handstands and backflips and even gives a salute to his cameraman. Inspired by military obstacle courses, parkour involves turning everyday pieces of street furniture into objects to be ducked under, swung from, vaulted and climbed. The discipline has in turn inspired freerunning, the urban athletics movement followed by tens thousands of people around the world. 'Sidewalk skiing' is another dangerous craze altogether, and was popularised in 2013 by a team of daredevils in neighbouring Saudi Arabia. Sidewalk skiing: The craze of tipping a moving truck onto two wheels was popularised by a group of daredevils in Saudi Arabia in 2013 . 'My inspiration is Dubai's Prime Minster Sheikh Mohammed who said that UAE does not have a word for impossible', the 21-year-old said . Backflip: The amateur daredevil said he wanted to push the urban gymnastics craze to its limit in his home city of Dubai, United Arab Emirates . To tip a truck onto its side a driver usually uses an asymmetrical ramp, then there is the difficult part - balancing it without allowing it to tip over while a daredevil scrambles into position on top. Mr AlAli now wants to push parkour even closer to its limits. 'While the stunt is risky, I wanted to show how far people could push their skills with this sport,' he said. 'My inspiration is Dubai's Prime Minster Sheikh Mohammed who said that UAE does not have a word for impossible - it does not exist in our lexicon'. Mr AlAli also explained that his next goal is to create a parkour training facility where people all over the region can come and discover the sport. He said: 'I want to convince the municipality to provide a park made especially for parkour so they can attract more people, who can practice and teach in a safe place. 'I want to show the world that the UAE is a place where you can find talented people.' Poise: The truck is not moving in all of his shots, but must be when it tilts on its side - with a driver who is able to keep it balanced . Don't try this at home: With long stretches of highway and more than enough desert, the UAE is a suitable place to develop the craze . Mr AlAli said his next goal is to create a parkour training facility where people all over the region can come and discover the sport .
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Fearless stunts are performed by amateur daredevil Abdullah Omar AlAli in his home city of Dubai, UAE . He began practising parkour - similar to freerunning - a year ago and wanted to make his hobby more intense . 21-year-old's driver performs 'sidewalk skiing', a dangerous craze in which he tilts truck in motion on its side .
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Manchester United have joined the running to sign Burnley striker Danny Ings. Louis van Gaal sent chief scout Jim Lawlor to watch Ings play against Liverpool at Anfield on Wednesday night after the 22-year-old scored at Old Trafford in February. Liverpool were favourites to sign the England Under-21 forward in January with his contract ending this summer, but Brendan Rodgers has competition to bring him to Anfield. Manchester United have joined the running to sign Burnley striker Danny Ings after sending scouts to watch . Ings (centre) has been Burnley's star player as they try to stay in the Premier League this season . Ings scored for Burnley against United in his side's 3-1 defeat and impressed with his display . Born: England, July 23 1992 (age 22) 2006-2009: Bournemouth (youth) 2009-2011: Bournemouth (27 apps, 7 gls) 2010-2010: Dorchester Town (loan) (9, 4) 2011-NOW: Burnley (112, 36) 2013-NOW: England U21 (7, 4) Ings has been tracked by Real Sociedad and the former Bournemouth youth travelled to Spain to meet manager David Moyes three weeks ago. But Burnley would receive about £6million in compensation if Ings joined another club in England, while a move abroad would net the second-bottom side just £300,000. It would cost £43m for United to make Radamel Falcao's season-long loan from Monaco permanent, and Ings is a cut-price option. The starlet was reluctant to leave Burnley in January but becomes a free agent after May. Manchester City contacted his representatives in February and want to sign Ings to boost their homegrown quota. The champions bought Wilfried Bony from Swansea City for £25m, rising to £28m, in January but Juventus have shown interest in Stevan Jovetic, while Edin Dzeko could leave for Wolfsburg. The loss of Frank Lampard to New York City and possibly James Milner would leave Manuel Pellegrini short of home talent, and Ings could fill the gap. Louis van Gaal sent chief scout Jim Lawlor to watch Ings play against Liverpool at Anfield on Wednesday . The £5million compensation would be far cheaper than the £43m they would have to pay for Radamel Falcao . Falcao has not impressed enough at United since joining from Monaco on a season-long loan .
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Louis van Gaal sent chief scout Jim Lawlor to watch Burnley's Danny Ings . Liverpool were favourites to sign England Under-21 striker Ings . Manchester United have joined the race to land the 22-year-old . Manchester City contacted his representatives in February .
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At least 68 people, including children, were massacred by suspected Boko Haram militants as they attended morning prayers. Men and boys were targeted by gunmen after they stormed Njaba in eastern Nigeria before burning the remote village to the ground. The assault took place early on Tuesday as many villagers in the isolated community were heading to morning prayers. 'The attack was not immediately known because the village is very remote and our men couldn't access the area,' said a military source. Nigerian troops have been struggling to control Boko Haram. Pictured: Chardian soldiers near the front line in Gambaru, Nigeria . One woman, Falmata Bisika, 62, lost four of her grandchildren in the raid, which she said was carried out by gunmen 'armed to the teeth' with weapons and explosives. The militants destroyed homes and businesses with petrol bombs and shot anyone attempting to flee, 'especially teenagers and the elderly', she said. Muminu Haruna, 42, said he hid in a grain silo behind his house for several hours with about eight other people until the gunmen left. 'I participated in the counting of dead bodies... 68 people were killed,' he said in an account supported by two civilian vigilantes. 'These included both males and females, some were slaughtered and others shot dead and most of the houses in our village have been destroyed.' Njaba is 20 kilometres from the town of Damboa, which was seized by Boko Haram last June, forcing thousands to flee, but later recaptured by troops helped by civilian vigilantes. Boko Haram's six-year insurgency to carve out an Islamic state in the northeast of Nigeria has killed thousands and displaced over 1.5 million people. The group gained worldwide notoriety in April 2014 after its members kidnapped over 200 schoolgirls from the town of Chibokin Borno state, the heartland of Boko Haram. The slow government response sparked the movement Bring BackOur Girls that has been seeking international support and lobbying the government to keep up the search. Today, a representative for President Goodluck met the girls' families in Maiduguri. Boko Haram control a large area of Borno state and have also carried out cross-border raids in Cameroon, Niger, and Chad. A military coalition has recaptured several towns in recent weeks. Chadian soldiers patrol in the border town of Gamboru, Nigeria, after taking control of the city, February 4, 2015 . A screen grab made on January 20, 2015 from a video of Nigerian Islamist extremist group Boko Haram shows Abubakar Shekau, the group's leader, delivering a message at an unknown location . Chad's well-trained army has offered a huge boost to Nigeria in recent weeks, recapturing towns in border areas and pushing into territory near Boko Haram's Sambisa Forest training camps. Chadian President Idriss Deby yesterday claimed he knew where Boko Haram leader Abubakar Shekau was and called on him to surrender or be killed. The Nigerian authorities have declared Shekau dead three times but the military has since reportedly said that they want the militant leader captured alive.
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Armed militants stormed village of Njaba in eastern Nigeria at dawn . Gunmen targeted men and boys before burning village to ground . Boko Haram believed to be behind the attack in isolated community . Witnesses said raiders were 'armed to teeth' with weapons and explosives . Villagers say 68 were killed and anyone attempting to flee was shot .
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The evergreen Eidur Gudjohnsen opened the scoring and Birkir Bjarnason netted twice as Iceland romped to a 3-0 victory over Kazakhstan to join Czech Republic at the top of Euro 2016 Group A qualifying on Saturday. The Czechs, however, can reclaim outright first place by beating Latvia later in the day. Bolton Wanderers forward Gudjohnsen, back in the side for the first time since going back on his November 2013 decision to retire from international football, gave Iceland the lead in the 20th minute. Iceland striker Eidur Gudjohnsen (left) jumps for the ball with Kazakhstan's Yuri Logvinenko (right) Iceland's Birkir Bjarnason (left) vies for the ball with Kazakhstan's Ilia Vorotnikov (right) on Saturday . The former Barcelona and Chelsea marksman received a pass from Johann Gudmundsson and the 36-year-old slid the ball into the corner of the net to notch his 25th goal for his country and his first since 2009. Bjarnason headed the second from a cross by Swansea City's Gylfi Sigurdsson 12 minutes later and the same player then completed the scoring in stoppage time when his shot went in after taking a big deflection. Iceland now have 12 points from five games while Kazakhstan are rooted to the bottom of the group with one. Kazakhstan's forward Daurenbek Tazhimbetov (left) vies for the ball with Iceland's Birkir SÊvarsson (right) Iceland's Jon Dadi Bodvarsson (left) challenges Kazakhstan's Askhat Tagybergen (right) on Saturday .
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Bolton Wanderers' Eidur Gudjohnsen scored on his return to the Iceland team, overturning his decision to retire from international football in 2013 . Iceland ran out 3-0 winners over Kazakhstan to move joint top alongside the Czech republic in Group A of the Euro 2016 qualifiers . Birkir Bjarnason scored Iceland's other two goals in the confident win .
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England’s experiment of having two coaches fell apart when tension arose between Andy Flower and Ashley Giles over the need to rest the best players from one-day matches. Now, things could be different. There is a strong case for Paul Farbrace, an impressive assistant coach amid the rubble of this World Cup, to be given extra responsibility for limited-overs cricket if England are bold and pick a largely different one-day team when they move on from this disaster. The primacy of Test cricket remains an important principle but there is no doubt it has contributed to the worst World Cup showing of them all. There is a strong case for England assistant coach Paul Farbrace to be given extra responsibility . Farbrace remains a firm believer that England coach Peter Moores (left) will get it right . If England are serious about closing a gap which has become a gaping chasm between them and the best one-day nations, they need to have completely different personnel to the Test team. And Farbrace, who guided Sri Lanka to the Asia Cup and World Twenty20 titles last year, has been a calm and sensible presence here. He remains a firm believer that England coach Peter Moores will get it right - another reason the pair should be able to share coaching responsibilities. ‘It’s unfair that Peter is the one in the limelight,’ said Farbrace ahead of this morning’s dead rubber against Afghanistan. Farbrace talks with Ravi Bopara as the disastrous World Cup campaign comes to a close . Farbrace guided Sri Lanka to the Asia Cup and World Twenty20 titles last year and is calm and sensible . ‘At the last ICC tournament, I left having been head coach of the team that won it and you take the adulation then. But you also receive the stick when things go badly. We’re all responsible, not just Pete.’ Farbrace also addressed the controversial subject of statistics, adding: ‘When I was with Sri Lanka we had a lot more meetings and looked at stats a lot more than England do.’ England assistant coach Farbrace conducts fielding practice during an England nets session in Sydney . Glenn McGrath has predicted England will suffer another whitewash in this summer’s Ashes. Australia won all five Tests in the 2013-14 series and their former bowler said: ‘I can’t see England beating them and I’m more than happy to predict 5-0.’ Former Australia bowler Glenn McGrath cannot see England winning anything at next summer's Ashes .
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England experimented with having two coaches but it failed . Paul Farbrace has impressed as assistant coach in an awful World Cup . He could take extra responsibility if England are bold enough to give him it . Farbrace helped guide Sri Lanka to success and believes in Peter Moores . Glenn McGrath predicts England to suffer another Ashes whitewash .
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Where is Mount Everest?
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Mount Everest (Nepali: सगरमाथा, romanized: Sagarmāthā; Tibetan: Chomolungma ཇོ་མོ་གླང་མ; Chinese: 珠穆朗玛峰; pinyin: Zhūmùlǎngmǎ Fēng) is Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas. The China–Nepal border runs across its summit point. Its elevation (snow height) of 8,848.86 m (29,031 ft 8+1⁄2 in) was most recently established in 2020 by the Chinese and Nepali authorities.
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Mount Everest is located in the Himalayan mountain range and runs across the China-Nepal border.
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Barclays today announced its annual profits were up 12 per cent to £5.5billion in 2014. CEO Antony Jenkins took a £1.1million bonus, taking his overall pay package to £5.5million, as he said the bank is in its best position since the 2008 financial crash. But Mr Jenkins also revealed Barclays has set aside another £750million to pay fines for rigging foreign currency rates, taking its total bill for the scandal to £1.25billion. His payout will prove controversial after a year in which Barclays slashed 14,000 jobs - with another 5,000 to go by 2016 - and closed a net 72 branches. This morning shares were down around 5p to £2.58 each when the London Stock Exchange opened this morning. Barclays boss: Antony Jenkins has accept his first bonus since taking the helm in 2012, as his bank enjoyed £.5.5billion profits for 2014 . The High Street bank is braced for huge penalties from UK and US regulators after refusing to reach a settlement in November. Today it was announced Barclays also added £200 million to provide for the ongoing compensation programme for customers mis-sold payment protection insurance. Antony Jenkins had assured investors that the 2014 bonus round would be 'less controversial' after a bitter row last year. Shareholders were furious that bonus payments reached £2.4billion in 2013 despite falling profits. This year, with improved results, the bonus pool is around £1.8billion. Calling his own bonus 'appropriate' he said today: 'Barclays today is a stronger business, with better prospects, than at any time since the financial crisis.' He added: 'You have to look at the very significant progress that we have made in Barclays in the two-and-a-half years that I have been chief executive. 'I completely understand that I am very well remunerated for what I do. But I think it is appropriate that I accept my bonus. 'It is not a decision I take lightly and I declined it in the previous two years. When I come to 2015, I will do the same careful thinking about whether I should accept it given the progress the bank has made.' Mr Jenkins' bonus is his first since taking the helm in 2012 and will be justified because Barclays' profits rose this year and were around £300million better than expected. But it remains in trouble after its bankers were found to be rigging foreign currency rates. Barclays drew fire from investors last November after it declined to be part of a settlement reached between six banks – including HSBC and Royal Bank of Scotland – and the Financial Conduct Authority and US watchdog the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. Banks, including Barclays, face fines from a range of regulators, including the Department of Justice and the New York State Department of Financial Services, for manipulating the £3.5trillion-a-day forex market. Contrast: After a year Barclays has described as its best since 2014, it recorded a rise in pre-tax profits and reduced its bonus pot to a five-year low . But when the other five banks involved settled last, Barclays did not, so could face a higher fine as a result. It said today it was seeking a 'more general co-ordinated settlement' - with other authorities in the US still investigating the scandal. Barclays said it is reviewing its foreign exchange trading over a several-year period and continuing to co-operate with relevant bodies, and that these probes could result in 'substantial monetary penalties'. Mr Jenkins said: 'We remain focused on addressing outstanding conduct issues, including those related to foreign exchange trading. 'I regard the behaviour at the centre of these investigations as wholly incompatible with our values, and I share the frustration of colleagues and shareholders that matters like these continue to cast a shadow over our business. 'But resolving these issues is an important part of our plan for Barclays and, although it may be difficult, I expect that we will make significant progress on this issue in 2015.' Finance director Tushar Morzaria said: 'We will take action where that is required up to and including termination of employment.' Staff involved in the scandal could also see bonuses clawed back, he added. The bank has not disclosed information about employees being fired or suspended over the affair. Changes: In 2014 Barclays slashed 14,000 jobs - with another 5,000 to go by 2016 - and closed a net 72 branches . The results come after a year in which Barclays shut 89 branches while opening 17 amid an increasing push for customers to contact it via Skype or by telephone, or to use post office banking or new sites in Asda stores. Mr Morzaria said: 'We have no target for branch closures. It is really a reflection of how our customers choose to bank.' Investec analyst Ian Gordon described the statutory result after accounting for one-off charges as 'weak'. But Shore Capital's Gary Greenwood said: 'Despite the earnings shortfall versus our estimates... we believe that the company is making good progress towards reshaping the business and improving balance sheet strength.' TUC general secretary Frances O'Grady said: 'Profits have fallen at Barclays Bank and they have had to make huge provision for fines. 'The chief executive rightly recognises that the bank's culture must change, but it is hard to have a positive view of any organisation that pays its boss £5.5 million in a single year - a sum that would take a full-time worker on the minimum wage 465 years to earn.'
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Barclays' results are best since the 2008 financial crisis, bank says . CEO Antony Jenkins took £1.1m bonus - taking his pay to £5.5m for 2014 . Union says average Barclays worker would take 465 years to earn money . Extra £750m set aside to pay £1.2bn bill for foreign exchange rate-rigging . Avoids row with shareholders by cutting bonus pool from £2.4bn to £1.8bn .
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It may be the first official day of Spring, but it would be wise not to pack away the scarves and gloves just yet. Forecasters predict a colder-than-average March, with parts of north-west England and Wales expected to wake up to at least 2in of snow tomorrow. According to long range forecasts, the cold snap is expected to last throughout March and will see Britain covered in more snow and frost. Then April will bring in a long-awaited warm and sunny Easter, where temperatures could peak at an above-average 21C (70F). However despite it being the first official day of Spring today and much of the UK enjoying fine weather, this is not expected to last past the evening. Scroll down for video . Snow on the way: Clouds are swirling around the north of the UK as winds and cold weather are expected to move in tonight . Up in the air: Kitesurfers make the most of the good weather and high winds today in the Thames Estuary at Thorpe Bay in Essex . Fun in the sun: Isla, nine, and Euan Stanton, five, enjoy the sunny afternoon weather on heathland near Ashford, Kent, today . Daffodils in bloom: Sunny spring weather has been seen in central London today as temperatures reached around 10C . Much of Britain woke up to sunshine and temperatures of around 10C (50F) today after a break from the cold snap and a relatively mild weekend. But the mercury is expected to plunge to below freezing tonight and tomorrow evening, with around 2.4in of snow forecast to fall in western Britain. Around 4in of snow may fall over the Pennines and the Scottish Highlands on land above 1,300ft (400 metres). Temperatures will be slightly below average for this time of year, dipping to zero tonight and -1C (30F) tomorrow evening. Chris Page, a forecaster at the Met Office, said: 'This week will be cold with sunny spells and some wintry showers. 'These showers will see snow fall on the hills in the north of the country. 'Temperatures this week will get a little bit colder and will certainly feel cooler because of the blustery winds.' The Met Office has issued a weather warning for this evening, with heavy rain expected to fall and turn into wintry showers and ice by the morning. Snowy conditions are forecast in the north of the UK on Monday and Tuesday, giving way to showers by Wednesday as cold weather continues . On alert: Met Office yellow 'be aware' severe weather warnings for ice and snow tonight (left) and tomorrow (right) in western Britain . A graphic produced by Magic Seaweed shows strong winds moving towards the UK on Tuesday which will make it feel a lot colder . Two lambs were born in Shugborough Hall this week and are pictured with Melissa Underwood-Grattage - a sign of the start of Spring. But the cold temperatures are not over yet - with snow and sleet forecast for this week and the cold weather expected to last throughout March . Sunseekers' delight: By Easter Sunday on April 5 the mercury is expected to reach 21C. Pictured is Brighton beach in East Sussex in April 2014 . Cold westerly winds from Canada will bring sleet, snow and hail overnight this evening. The mercury is expected to hover at around 5C to 7C this week - considerably colder than the highs of 10C and sunny conditions seen this weekend that saw snow melt on the Derwent Dam in the Peak District. Mr Page added: 'The cold air is pushing in from the North, and temperatures are likely to drop down to zero overnight for the next few days and there is some potential for icy patches.' The cold weather this week comes as Spring officially began today. Two lambs were born this week at at Shugborough Hall estate near Stafford, the first of around 100 lambs and goat kids that are expected to be born throughout Spring. Crocuses have also sprung up in the eight-acre field of the village of Inkpen in Berkshire - another sign of the changing of the seasons this week. But the newborn lambs are unlikely to see this season getting warmer yet as cold conditions continue throughout March, which is forecast to be drier in the second half of the month but with colder nights and frost. However, by Easter Sunday on April 5 the mercury is expected to reach 21C - around 8C above average for the time of year. This is likely to be caused by a build-up of higher pressure that will bring warmer and more settled conditions. And May could be even warmer, with temperatures of up to 27C, according to British Weather Services. The warmer than average weather is leading to hopes that Britain could be on course for a hot dry summer.
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Lambs were born in Stafford this week as today marks first official day of Spring, according to meteorologists . But as Spring begins snow, frost, cold and blustery winds - and temperatures below freezing - are forecast . Four inches of snow expected to fall tonight in Highlands, and two inches in North West England and Wales . Met Office issues weather warning for snow in the North and rain turning to ice for most of the UK overnight . Cold snap forecast throughout March with more rain, cold evenings and wintry showers in North on the way . Mercury is expected to fall after a break from cold this weekend, as temperatures reach around 10C today . By Easter forecasters predict temperatures could soar to 21C - around 8C above average for the time of year .
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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It is a friendship that wouldn't be out of place in a children's book. Fugly the pug and KFC the chick won't leave each other's sides, after they struck up an unlikely companionship. The fluffy yellow chick and brown-haired puppy can often be spotted doing their favourite activities together - cuddling, sleeping and with KFC tucked under Fugly's paws. Scroll down for video . Adorable: KFC the chick plants a peck on Fugly the pug's nose. The two have become inseparable since they were introduced by their owners. Cute: Fugly the pug protectively places his paws around KFC as the two relax together in the Phillipines . Fugly's owner Tim Ho took the cute pictures and said he and his neighbour had bought the animals as pets around the same time. They decided to introduce them to each other to see what would happen - and to their surprise KFC and Fugly bonded almost immediately. Tim said: 'As soon as they were let loose, KFC would follow Fugly everywhere. Friends: KFC seems to look inquisitively at Fugly. The chick can be spotted following the pug around . Cosy: Fugly playfully rests his head on top of KFC the chick, with the two comforable in each other's space . 'Fugly was a bit apprehensive at first but he wasn't territorial or fierce so we allowed it to continue. 'We didn't need to encourage them to interact, every time Fugly slept or sat down, KFC would crawl underneath his tummy, his favourite resting place.' Tim added his thinks the fact the 15-month-old pub wasn't yet territorial over his new home made it easier for him to accept KFC and for the couple to develop their blossoming friendship. On the lookout: Tim Ho, the owner of Fugly the pug, took the series of adorable pictures . Protective: Fugly protectively covers KFC with his head while the chick looks on .
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Chick and puppy are the best of friends and enjoy snuggling together . Owners in the Philippines introduced them 'to see how they would react' Pets immediately bonded and chick KFC follows pug Fugly everywhere .
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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Marcos Rojo surrendered his Manchester United allegiances for the evening as he watched local boyhood club Estudiantes in action against Gimnasia in the fierce Platense derby on Sunday. Sporting a Barcelona vest, the Argentine certainly didn't lack any passion whilst cheering on the side known as 'The Rat Stabbers', a club he joined at the age of ten. Much to the clear delight of the Argentina international, Estudiantes went on to win the Primera Division clash 3-1 after Ezequiel Cerutti scored from the spot in the 89th minute. Manchester United defender Marcos Rojo screams down the camera lens when Estudiantes score their third . The Argentina international, wearing a Barcelona vest, punches the air in celebration after the derby win . The United centre back has begun to find form for Louis van Gaal's side since his £16million move from Sporting Lisbon in the summer. Rojo has formed a tight bond with fellow defensive partner Phil Jones, who last week expressed his joy at how quickly the 24-year-old had settled in. Jones told manutd.com: 'Since Marcos has come he's played the right way and in the way we've wanted to play. It's difficult to come over to a different country and a different league and go straight into the team and hit your form, but he's done well.' The Red Devils will be looking to expand on Saturday's win against Sunderland with a victory at Newcastle on Wednesday. Rojo (right) celebrates United's opening goal against Sunderland with team-mate Wayne Rooney (centre)
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Marcos Rojo was filmed watching Estudiantes' derby clash with Gimnasia . The Man United defender screamed following his boyhood side's third goal . Estudiantes went on to win the fierce Argentinian Primera Division derby .
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what is snow skiing
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Skiing is the use of skis to glide on snow. Variations of purpose include basic transport, a recreational activity, or a competitive winter sport. Many types of competitive skiing events are recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), and the International Ski Federation (FIS).
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skiing is a form of outdoor winter sport. Done in the mountains. You can ski on piste and off piste.
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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A late Lukas Podolski strike from an Andre Schurrle cross saved Germany from back-to-back home defeats by Australia at the Fritz-Walter-Stadion in Kaiserslautern. Podolski rescued the World Cup champions nine minutes from time with his 48th goal for his country as he combined with his fellow substitute and former Premier League outcast. The Socceroos' last visit to Germany in 2011 ended in a 2-1 shock loss for the hosts in Monchengladbach and it looked to be going that way again for much of the second half when captain Mile Jedinak gave his side the lead with a sensational curling free-kick. Lukas Podolski celebrates scoring the 81st-minute equaliser for Germany against Australia . Podolski got on the end of a cross from fellow substitute Andre Schurrle to level things up . The German side appear relieved as they avoid a second home defeat by Australia in a row . Germany: Zieler, Mustafi, Howedes, Badstuber (Rudy 46mins), Bellarabi (Schurrle 64), Khedira (Kramer 63), Gundogan, Hector, Ozil, Reus (Kruse 73), Gotze (Podolski 73) Subs not used: Weidenfeller, Boateng, Hummels, Kroos, Schweinsteiger, Muller, Schurrle . Goals: Reus 17, Podolski 81 . Australia: Ryan, Franjic, Wilkinson (Wright 78), Devere, Davidson, Jedinak, Milligan (Mooy 69), McKay (Bozanic 77), Burns (Oar 61), Leckie, Troisi (Juric 87) Subs not used: Federici, Behich, Elrich, Ikonomidis . Goals: Troisi 40, Jedinak 50 . Marco Reus gave Germany the lead in the 17th minute when he met the Sami Khedira cross zipped across the face of goal. James Troisi hit back for the recently crowned Asian Cup champions with a header from Nathan Burns' pinpoint cross. Then, five minutes into the second half, Crystal Palace stalwart and Socceroos captain nailed a perfect curling free-kick that left German keeper Ron-Robert Zieler flailing and in the back of his own net with the ball. History was on the visitors' side at this stadium. It was here that Australia made history with their first goal and first win in a World Cup when they beat Japan 3-1 in 2006. Their star striker Tim Cahill, who scored a double that night, was out injured here after being instrumental in delivering Australia's first major trophy win after beating South Korea in extra-time in January. Before kick-off, Real Madrid's Toni Kroos was given the 2014 Germany Player of the Year award but he wasn't required off the bench where at full time he had some star-studded company among the unused subs in Jerome Boateng, Bastian Schweinsteiger, Thomas Muller and Mats Hummels. Germany's Marco Reus finds the back of the net with his studs to give the hosts a 17th-minute lead . Reus gets on the end of a powerfully struck pass across goal from Sami Khedira to make it 1-0 . Germany's celebration is low key as they take the lead over Australia, the Asian Cup champions . The Socceroos' James Troisi gets in front of his man Jonas Hector to equalise for the visitors . Troisi makes a beeline for Nathan Burns, the man who provided the pinpoint cross from the left . The Australians celebrate as the underdogs peg one back against the World Cup champions . Crystal Palace's Mile Jedinak strikes a free-kick over the towering German wall for Australia's second . German keeper Ron-Robert Zieler, in for injured Manuel Neuer, joins the ball in the back of the net . The entire Aussie line-up chase Jedinak down to join the celebrations on the sideline as they take the lead . Toni Kroos receives the Germany Player of The Year 2014 award prior to kick-off . A Germany fans went with dyed eyelashes while a Socceroos supporter took an inflatable kangaroo along . The crowd, officials and Australia side join the Germans as they honour the 150 lives lost in the French Alps . The German teams observes a minute's silence before their match against Australia in a plane tragedy tribute . Germany's starting XI stand arm-in-arm wearing black armbands after the tragedy in the French Alps . A fan holds a sign reading 'R.I.P 4U9525', the number of the Germanwings flight from Barcelona to Dusseldorf . German defender Benedikt Howedes holds a sign saying 'Haltern mourn' in relation to the Germanwings crash .
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Marco Reus gave Germany the lead inside 20 minutes . James Troisi equalised with a header from Nathan Burns' cross . Mile Jedinak's free-kick gave Australia the lead in the 50th minute . Lukas Podolksi brought it back level meeting ball from Andre Schurrle . A minute's silence before the match in tribute to Germanwings tragedy .
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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Kano, Nigeria (CNN)More than 50 people were killed and scores wounded in a series of suicide bombings in northern Nigeria on Saturday, witnesses and authorities told CNN. The blasts occurred in Maiduguri, the capital of the tumultuous Borno state, at the city's main market, a fish market and a bus station. Four suicide bombers -- three women and a man -- carried out the attacks, according to witnesses. No group immediately claimed responsibility for the bloodshed. But the Islamist extremist group Boko Haram has been behind many similar attacks in northern Nigeria and beyond, killing hundreds in recent months as part of its terrorist campaign to bring its twisted version of Sharia law to the region. Clement Adoda, a Borno state police spokesman, said at least 54 people were killed and another 139 wounded in the suicide attacks. Suleiman Bulunkutu said he and others involved in the rescue operation had taken about 50 bodies to the Maiduguri General Hospital morgue. "This toll doesn't include those taken to three other hospitals," Bulunkutu said. "Therefore, the final (death) toll may be higher." In the first blast, a woman dressed in a hijab got off a motorized rickshaw and blew herself up outside the Baga Road fish market around 11:20 a.m. (5:20 a.m. ET), fish trader Mohammed Boni said. The next attack took place about an hour later outside Monday Market, the main one in the city, where people were lined up to go through security. Those measures -- in which people are checked for explosives and guns -- were set up because of the spate of Boko Haram attacks in the city and region. Two women joined the female security line, one of whom "blew herself up, causing minimal casualty," said witness Abdulkarim Musa. Then, as people gathered to help, the second woman detonated her explosives, said Musa, who was waiting outside the market in the male security line. The third attack occurred at a bus station. "He came in our midst near the bus station and pressed a remote device he was holding in his hand," a wounded survivor who requested anonymity for his personal safety said from Maiduguri General Hospital. Such attacks, sadly, are nothing new for Borno State, one of those hit hardest by Boko Haram and the Nigerian military's campaign to stop them. The terrorist group has not only bombed crowded markets but attacked churches and mosques, raided villages, and kidnapped people young and old -- most famously the more than 200 girls taken last April from a school in Chibok.
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Police official: At least 54 are killed and 139 wounded . 3 of the 4 suicide bombers were females, witnesses say . The attack happened in a region terrorized by Boko Haram .
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Which notable person in this list with surname Liebers was born last?
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Liebers is a German language surname. Notable people with the name include:
Mario Liebers (born 1960), German former competitive figure skater
Martin Liebers (born 1985), German former competitive figure skater
Matthias Liebers (born 1958), former German footballer
Peter Liebers (born 1988), German former figure skater.
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Peter Liebers
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List the business verticals of Reliance Industries Limited as per the passage. Display the result as a dashed list.
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Reliance Industries Limited is an Indian multinational conglomerate, headquartered in Mumbai. It has diverse businesses including energy, petrochemicals, natural gas, retail, telecommunications, mass media, and textiles. Reliance is one of the most profitable companies in India, the largest publicly traded company in India by market capitalisation, and the largest company in India as measured by revenue. It is also one of the largest employers in India, with over 300,000 employees in the world.The company is ranked 100th on the Fortune Global 500 list of the world's biggest corporations as of 2022. Reliance continues to be India's largest exporter, accounting for 7% of India's total merchandise exports and it has access to markets in over 100 countries. Reliance is responsible for almost 5% of the Government of India's total revenue from customs and excise duty. It is also the highest income tax payer in the private sector in India. The company has relatively little free cash flow and high corporate debt.
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energy
petrochemicals
natural gas
retail
telecommunications
mass media
textiles
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Who is responsible for deportation of Ukrainian children to Russia?
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On 17 March 2023, the International Criminal Court (ICC) issued arrest warrants for Vladimir Putin, the President of Russia, and Maria Lvova-Belova, Russian Commissioner for Children's Rights, alleging responsibility for the unlawful deportation and transfer of children during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The warrant against Putin is the first against the leader of a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council.
The 123 member states of the ICC are obliged to detain and transfer Putin and Lvova-Belova if either sets foot on their territory.
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President of Russian Federation Vladimir Putin and Maria Lvova-Belova, Russian Commissioner for Children's Rights are directly responsible the unlawful deportation of Ukrainian children to Russia. This crime against humanity along with many other atrocities (like Bucha massacre) has been committed by Russians during the Russian invasion of Ukraine that started on February 24, 2022.
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Winning three Champions League titles proves that Carlo Ancelotti can be a tough operator and is no pushover when it comes to coaching, the Real Madrid coach said on Friday. Despite Real holding a two-point lead at the top of La Liga, Ancelotti has been criticised for their lull in form since the Christmas break and he has also been accused of being too soft on the players. 'I have felt supported by the club since the first day I arrived,' Ancelotti, who took charge of the club in 2013 having previously led AC Milan to two Champions League titles, told reporters. Cristiano Ronaldo takes on Dani Carvajal during Real Madrid's training session on Friday afternoon . Carlo Ancelotti (right) watches on as his players train at their ground in Valdebebas on Friday . Ancelotti rejected recent criticism and pointed to the three Champions Leagues he has won (above - 2007) Ancelotti won his first European Cup with AC Milan in 2003 after overcoming Juventus at Old Trafford . Ancelotti is thrown in the air by Real Madrid's players after guiding them to European success in 2014 . 'I have a lot of experience. I have been coaching for many years and with this 'weak' arm of mine I have managed to win three Champions Leagues.' Fans have become used to Real sweeping aside the opposition as they did during their Spanish record 22-match winning streak at the end of 2014. As a result there was discontent among the Bernabeu faithfuls when they drew 1-1 with Villarreal last weekend. In particular they took exception to the substitution of the creative Isco for Asier Illarramendi and there was a chorus of whistles. Karim Benzema trains with Ronaldo and Gareth Bale, who both scored in the 2014 Champions League final . Ronaldo takes a shot while being tracked by Portugal international Pepe . Former Tottenham duo Bale and Luka Modric train ahead of their clash with Athletic Bilbao . Former Bayern Munich midfielder Toni Kroos shows off his skills in training on Friday . Former Malaga midfielder Isco dribbles away from Jese Rodriguez during the training session . 'I have had a normal week and we are preparing well for tomorrow's game,' said Ancelotti. 'I am used to criticism, this was not the first time and it won't be the last either but it won't change my attitude. I have full confidence in the team and I will repeat that I would make the same substitution again.' Ancelotti admitted though that the team needs regain its potency in attack. 'We have been finding it more difficult to score goals as we have lost efficiency. We are not playing the ball through quickly enough from the back and we are finding it difficult to make openings when teams defend solidly,' he said. 'The game against Athletic (Bilbao this weekend) will have a high intensity as they pile on pressure very well and we need to start well.' Marcelo, Benzema and Raphael Varane in action during training on Friday afternoon . Carvajal slides in as he attempts to block a shot from France international Benzema . World Cup winning midfielder Sami Khedira holds off Portugal full back Fabio Coentrao . Goalkeeper Keylor Navas shouts instructions to his defenders during the training session . Javier Hernandez, on loan from Manchester United, evades Nacho Fernandez in training .
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Carlo Ancelotti has rejected claims that he is too easy on his players . The Real Madrid coach has won the Champions League three times . Ancelotti said those achievements prove he is no pushover . Real Madrid face Athletic Bilbao this weekend in La Liga . CLICK HERE for all the latest Real Madrid news .
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Where is the language Zimba spoken?
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Zimba is a Bantu language of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
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Zimba is a Bantu language of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, spoken in a band of country south of the Elila River. It is not closely related to other languages, unless the divergent dialects Kwange and Mamba (Kyenyemamba) are considered separate languages.
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How do you play baseball?
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Baseball is a bat-and-ball sport played between two teams of nine players each, taking turns batting and fielding. The game occurs over the course of several plays, with each play generally beginning when a player on the fielding team, called the pitcher, throws a ball that a player on the batting team, called the batter, tries to hit with a bat. The objective of the offensive team (batting team) is to hit the ball into the field of play, away from the other team's players, allowing its players to run the bases, having them advance counter-clockwise around four bases to score what are called "runs". The objective of the defensive team (referred to as the fielding team) is to prevent batters from becoming runners, and to prevent runners' advance around the bases. A run is scored when a runner legally advances around the bases in order and touches home plate (the place where the player started as a batter).
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Baseball is played with two teams of nine players each that take turns batting and fielding. The objective of the offensive team is to hit the ball into the field of play away from the other team's players, allowing its players to run bases and having them advance around the bases and score runs. The objective of the defensive team is to prevent batters from becoming runners, and to prevent runners' advance around the bases.
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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text
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It's becoming as regular as clockwork at Arsenal: a Theo Walcott contract saga. Just over two years after signing a £90,000-per-week deal, the winger's future is again in the spotlight. As Arsene Wenger so jovially put it last week, contact has been made with 'the embassy' (Walcott's representatives) about a contract extension. Arsenal forward Theo Walcott comes on from the bench against Monaco, is now not a guaranteed starter . But just like two years ago, there are no guarantees Walcott will commit. Perhaps, even more so this time. Ever since recovering from a serious knee injury that kept him out for the majority of last year, Walcott has been on the peripheries. Walcott was flying before injuring his anterior cruciate ligament against Tottenham last January. He'd established himself as an integral member of Wenger's first-team plans. Walcott sprints away in celebration having scored against Leicester during the 2-1 victory last month . Theo Walcott wants a significant pay rise if he is to sign a new Arsenal contract . Since then, though, the landscape at Arsenal has changed. Alexis Sanchez has arrived, so to has Danny Welbeck. Walcott is no longer indispensable. In addition to Sanchez and Welbeck, there is Santi Cazorla and Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain to contend with. Walcott no longer walks into this team. So, with that in mind, does he warrant a pay-rise? That's the question Arsenal's moneymen will be asking themselves over the coming weeks. Because that's what he wants; a hefty hike on his current £4.6million-per-year deal. Can you justify paying someone in excess of £100,000-per-week who isn't a first-choice option for the manager? The England international gestures at Tottenham fans after injuring his anterior cruciate ligament last year . The Arsenal hierarchy are likely to argue not. And all that points to one thing: another Walcott contract row. You can understand where Walcott's representatives are coming from. At the age of 26, this could be his last big contract. His advisors have a duty to secure the best possible deal for their client. There will certainly be takers for Walcott if he leaves this summer. Liverpool and Manchester City are both monitoring the situation closely. The fact he has pace and is English (helping homegrown quotas) means he will be a valuable commodity if he's made available for transfer. Walcott has faced increased competition for a starting place in the Arsenal attack this season . As for Arsenal, they have four options. The first is to meet his demands, the second is to try to reach a compromise. The third is to let him enter the final year of his contract, which opens the door to Walcott leaving for nothing next year. Fourth is to sell him this summer. It's a game of poker. We're waiting to see who'll blink first. Walcott will be hoping to earn a similar amount to Gunners star man Alexis Sanchez on £140,000-per-week . Walcott looked certain to leave the Emirates Stadium in 2012 after rejecting a new contract. Wenger managed to persuade the speedster to stay and his subsequent performances led to the Gunners improving their offer, which was signed in January 2013. There will be a similar incentive for Walcott this time, too. But will he spend enough time on the pitch to make a similar impression? Things change. Maybe it's time for Walcott to make a change, too.
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Theo Walcott is currently earning around £90,000-per-week, £4.6m a year . Walcott is holding out for an Arsenal pay rise before signing new deal . England international hoping for sum north of £100,000-per-week . CLICK HERE for all the latest Arsenal news .
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Who is Enrique Jorrín?
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The creation of cha-cha-chá has been traditionally attributed to Cuban composer and violinist Enrique Jorrín, who began his career playing for the charanga band Orquesta América. According to the testimony of Enrique Jorrín, he composed some danzones in which musicians of the orchestra had to sing short refrains, and this style was very successful. In the danzón "Constancia", he introduced some montunos and the audience was motivated to join in singing the refrains. Jorrín also asked the members of the orchestra to sing in unison so the lyrics might be heard more clearly and achieve a greater impact in the audience. That way of singing also helped to mask the poor singing skills of the orchestra members.
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Enrique Jorrín is a Cuban composer and violinist known for creating cha-cha-chá.
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