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{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baas_B"} | Dutch rapper and singer
Musical artist
Bart Zeilstra, better known by his stage name Baas B (born 10 April 1982), is a Dutch rapper and singer who was a founding member of Dutch rap formation D-Men and between 1997 and 2009, a member of the Dutch hip hop duo Lange Frans & Baas B both formed with his childhood friend Frans Frederiks better known as Lange Frans. After the split-up of the duo, he is working as a solo artist; the duo eventually reformed in 2019.
Career
In D-Men
In 1997, Zeilstra was a founding member of a band alongside rapper siblings Lange Frans and Brutus Frederiks as he was a childhood friend of the two. After a freestyle session on a basketball court in Diemen-Zuid, they created hiphop collective D-Men. The English pronunciation of "D-Men" is similar to the Dutch pronunciation of the name of their home town. As D-Men they released their first single entitled "Zoveel Mensen" ("So Many People"), and in 2001, they won a talent contest that was organised by Stichting Grap ("Joke Foundation") in 2001. In later years, many artists joined D-Men, namely Brace, Yes-R & Soesi B, Negativ and DJ MBA.
In Lange Frans and Baas B
In 2004, Zeilstra and Frans already in D-Men formed the duo Lange Frans & Baas B and had a successful career for more than 4 years with three albums Supervisie (2004), Het land van (2005) and Verder (2008) and a number of singles the most successful of which were "Moppie", "Zinloos" both in 2004 and "Mee naar Diemen-Zuid" in 2005. After the murder of Theo van Gogh on 2 November 2004 the single "Zinloos" was adapted and some of the lyrics amended to mourn in death. The band split up in March 2009.
The duo came under criticism for over-commercialization of his music from D-Men colleague Negativ and from other Dutch rappers Def P and Kimo.
They had their last appearance on an edition of the Dutch X Factor where they lost a rap battle against Marcel Machielse & Pim Ottenheim
Solo career
Baas B had a prosperous career as a solo artist. His 2005 single "Stel je voor" featuring rapper Yes-R reached No. 3 in the Dutch Singles Chart, whereas his single "Waar ik sta" featuring Jayh topped the Dutch Singles Chart.
He also moved into feature films and made voiceover over the Dutch version of the animated film Cars taking the voices of Snotrod and DJ while Lange Frans made the voiceovers for Boost and Wingo
Discography
Albums
Singles | 380718df-7899-4667-9e63-c65b5bc81525 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_intelligence_in_the_2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine"} | Use of publicly available information for military strategy
The role of open-source intelligence (OSINT) in response to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine has attracted significant attention.
Background
Open-source intelligence (also known by its acronym OSINT) refers to the gathering and analysis of intelligence based on publicly available sources of information.
2022 invasion
In the early hours of 24 February, just before the start of the invasion, OSINT researchers at the Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey used Google Maps to track a significantly large traffic jam on a road in Russia leading to the Ukrainian border. Jeffrey Lewis subsequently tweeted "someone’s on the move." An hour later, Russian troops began the invasion.
Netherlands-based investigative journalism group Bellingcat has published interactive maps of destroyed civilian targets and has worked on authenticating potential documentation of war crimes. In July 2022, Bellingcat was banned as an undesirable organisation by the Russian government, with the Prosecutor-General of Russia saying that it posed "a threat to the security of the Russian Federation."
Oryx gained international prominence through its work during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, counting and keeping track of material losses based on visual evidence and OSINT from social media. It has been regularly cited in major media, including Reuters, BBC News, The Guardian, The Economist, Newsweek, CNN, and CBS News. Forbes has called Oryx "the most reliable source in the conflict so far", calling its services "outstanding". Because it reports only visually confirmed losses, Oryx's tallies of equipment losses have formed absolute minimum baselines for loss estimates.
The Free Buryatia Foundation, which was founded in opposition to the invasion, has used open-source intelligence to try to track the number of Buryats killed in action in Ukraine. As of April 2022, the Foundation has estimated that around 2,8% of Russian casualties were Buryat, one of the highest death tolls among the Russian federal republics.
OSINT groups have also used tools such as facial recognition apps to try to identify perpetrators of war crimes, such as the Bucha massacre.
Debates
The sharing of open-source intelligence on social media has raised ethical concerns, including over the sharing of graphic images of bodies and of potentially military-sensitive data. Matthew Ford of the University of Sussex has noted that "Ukrainians fear such images will reveal their tactics, techniques, and procedures," and that Ukrainians have therefore undertaken a degree of self-censorship. Concerns have also been raised about the potential dissemination of misinformation, such as through fake accounts posing as insider sources. | 93ec59e6-592e-491c-8982-692fa18ea553 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penny_Pitou"} | American alpine skier
Penelope Theresa "Penny" Pitou (born October 8, 1938) is a former United States Olympic alpine skier, who in 1960 became the first American skier to win a medal in the Olympic downhill event. In 2001, Pitou was inducted into the New England Women's Sports Hall of Fame.
Pitou moved with her family from New York to Center Harbor, New Hampshire at the age of three. There she began skiing on a hill in her backyard, later progressing to the nearby Gilford Outing Club and Belknap Mountain (now Gunstock) ski areas. By the age of 15 Penny and her family moved to Laconia, New Hampshire, where she graduated from Laconia High School in 1956 and attended Middlebury College, where she was a member of the class of 1960.
As a freshman at Laconia High in 1953, she ignored the no-girls-rule and tried out for the boys' ski team. "I hid my hair under my hat and asked my friends to call me Tommy," she said. "I made the team and everything went great until I competed in a downhill race at New Hampton School. I crashed in front of a gate-keeper, my hat flew off and my hair came down. It's one of the few times in my life that I was at a loss for words."
Her ski career continued apace however, and at the age of seventeen she was first selected for the U.S. Olympics Ski Team. Her self-described Olympic mentor, 1952 double-medalist Andrea Mead Lawrence, encouraged Penny to continue working on her skiing after a disappointing performance in the 1956 Games in Italy. Her perseverance paid off in 1960, when Pitou won silver medals for second place in both the Downhill and Giant Slalom events at the 1960 Olympics in Squaw Valley, California.
At the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1958 in Austria, Pitou met the Austrian alpine skier Egon N. Zimmermann. They married in 1961, had two children, and settled in New Hampshire. The couple divorced in 1968.
Pitou appeared as Miss X but not as the mystery guest on "What's My Line". She continues to be active in the ski community, and runs a skiing school and a travel company through which she leads ski groups to various European resorts. She was seen in December 2007 with New York Senator Hillary Clinton in preparation for the New Hampshire primary for the 2008 American presidential election. | 29abba47-9903-408e-b3f8-6076fece052c |
null | Serbian footballer
Miloš Živković (Serbian Cyrillic: Милош Живковић; born 24 May 1984) is a professional association football player. | 631a301c-dba9-4762-8533-85d74f6d3801 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hidden_Hero"} | 1980 South Korean film
The Hidden Hero (Korean: 깃발없는 기수; RR: Gitbalomneun Gisu) is a 1980 South Korean film directed by Im Kwon-taek. It was chosen as Best Film at the Grand Bell Awards.
Synopsis
An anti-communist film about a reporter torn between political ideologies during the days after the Korean liberation from Japan.
Cast
Bibliography | dbe42ead-989d-428f-bcf9-9a32d0357ed9 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryan_Getzlaf"} | Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1985)
Ice hockey player
Ryan Getzlaf (born May 10, 1985) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. Getzlaf played his entire NHL career with the Anaheim Ducks and is the franchise's all-time leading scorer. A first-round selection, 19th overall, at the 2003 NHL Entry Draft, he played in three NHL All-Star Games and was a member of the Ducks' 2007 Stanley Cup championship team. A playmaker and power forward, Getzlaf is the Ducks' all-time leader in games played, assists, and points and the all-time playoff leader in goals, assists and points. He led the Ducks in assists twelve times, including a franchise record of 66 in 2008–09, and in points eight times.
As a junior, Getzlaf played four seasons with the Calgary Hitmen and was twice named to a Western Hockey League (WHL) all-star team. Internationally, he has represented Canada on numerous occasions. Getzlaf was a member of the 2005 World Junior Championship squad considered the greatest in Canadian history, and won a silver medal at the 2008 IIHF World Championship. A two-time Olympian, Getzlaf played with Canadian teams that won gold medals at the 2010 and 2014 Winter Games.
Early life
Getzlaf was born May 10, 1985, in Regina, Saskatchewan. He is the younger son of Steve and Susan Getzlaf, and has an older brother, Chris. He attended Robert Usher Collegiate in Regina.
Growing up in an athletically minded family, both Ryan and Chris were encouraged to play several sports, particularly hockey and football. Chris focused on football and ultimately joined their hometown Saskatchewan Roughriders in the Canadian Football League as a slotback. Ryan played tailback in football, and represented Saskatchewan as a catcher in a national youth baseball tournament, but focused on his hockey career.
Playing career
Junior
While a member of the Regina Bantam AAA Rangers in 2000, Getzlaf was drafted into the Western Hockey League (WHL) by the Calgary Hitmen with the 54th pick in the 2000 WHL Bantam Draft. He stood 5 feet 9 inches (1.75 m) at the time of the draft, but grew 6 inches (0.15 m) by the time he joined the team as a 16-year-old. Getzlaf made his junior debut in 2001–02 and recorded 18 points in 63 games. He nearly quadrupled his offensive production as a 17-year-old in 2002–03 by scoring 29 goals and 68 points. His performance made him a top prospect for the 2003 National Hockey League (NHL) Entry Draft; the NHL Central Scouting Bureau ranked Getzlaf as the fifth best North American skater in the draft and he was taken in the first round, 19th overall, by the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim.
The Mighty Ducks returned Getzlaf to the Hitmen for the 2003–04 season. He recorded 75 points in just 49 games and was named to the WHL's first all-star team. Due to the 2004–05 NHL lock-out, Getzlaf was again returned to Calgary for his fourth season of junior hockey. He was named team captain, but was briefly stripped of the title by the coaches after earning several misconduct penalties for arguing with the officials. The captaincy was restored after a couple weeks, and Getzlaf moderated his interactions with referees. He also missed time during the season after suffering a concussion as a result of a hit by Dion Phaneuf of the Red Deer Rebels. Getzlaf finished the regular season with 54 points in 51 games, and after the Hitmen were eliminated from the WHL playoffs, was assigned to the Cincinnati Mighty Ducks of the American Hockey League (AHL) for their own playoff run. Getzlaf appeared in 10 post-season games for Cincinnati in his professional debut. He recorded one goal and four assists.
Anaheim Ducks
Getzlaf made the Mighty Ducks' roster out of training camp and began the 2005–06 season in Anaheim; he made his NHL debut on October 5, 2005, against the Chicago Blackhawks. After recording his first point with an assist on October 14 against the Columbus Blue Jackets, Getzlaf scored his first NHL goal seven days later against goaltender Manny Legace of the Detroit Red Wings. Though Getzlaf had seven points in his first 16 games with Anaheim, he was demoted to the AHL's Portland Pirates in mid-November, partially to gain more playing time than he was getting in Anaheim. He appeared in 17 games for the Pirates in which he scored 8 goals and added 25 assists. Along with teammate Corey Perry, Getzlaf shared AHL co-rookie of the month honours for December and while he was named to play in the 2006 AHL All-Star game, Getzlaf did not appear in the contest as he was recalled to Anaheim in mid-January. He completed the season in the NHL, and finished with 14 goals and 39 points in 57 regular season games, then added seven points in 16 post-season contests.
In his sophomore season with the newly renamed Anaheim Ducks, Getzlaf appeared in all 82 regular season games for the team and finished with 25 goals and 58 points. He played in the YoungStars Game at the 2007 NHL All-Star Game in Dallas. At the age of 22 years, Getzlaf joined with Corey Perry (21) and Dustin Penner (24) to form the Ducks' "kid line" which emerged as a top scoring unit during a 2007 playoff run to the Stanley Cup final. Getzlaf led the Ducks in post-season scoring with 17 points, at the time a franchise playoff record, as the Ducks defeated the Ottawa Senators in the final series. It was the first Stanley Cup championship in Anaheim's franchise history.
The "kid line" was broken up prior to the 2007–08 season after Penner signed a contract as a restricted free agent with the Edmonton Oilers; however, Getzlaf opted to remain in Anaheim. He signed a five-year, $26.625 million extension that carried through the 2012–13 season. Getzlaf emerged as one of the NHL's top young stars as he played in his first All-Star Game in 2008, and led the Ducks in both assists (58) and points (82).
Getzlaf tied a Ducks franchise record early in the 2008–09 season as he recorded five assists in a 5–4 victory over the Detroit Red Wings on October 29, 2008. One of the League's leading scorers, Getzlaf again led the Ducks with a franchise-record 66 assists, and his 91 points was sixth-best in the NHL. He appeared in his second All-Star Game after being voted into the starting line-up for the 2009 contest by the fans. Though the Ducks were eliminated in the second round of the 2009 playoffs, Getzlaf set a franchise playoff record with 14 assists (in 13 games), and finished sixth overall in post-season scoring.
An ankle sprain injury reduced Getzlaf to 66 games played in 2009–10. He still led the Ducks with 50 assists, and was second in team scoring with 69 points. Scott Niedermayer retired as a player following the season, and the Ducks named Getzlaf his successor as team captain prior to the 2010–11 season. Ducks' head coach Randy Carlyle described the promotion of the 25-year-old in terms of Getzlaf's maturation as an NHL player. He added "We felt that with it being his sixth season in the League, now is the time for the transition and the veteran players agreed with us." During the season, he suffered multiple nasal sinus fractures after being struck in the face by a puck, and consequently appeared in only 67 games; he recorded 19 goals. Getzlaf's 57 assists ranked fourth in the NHL and he added six points in six post-season contests, including his 50th career playoff point.
Getzlaf played his 500th career game on March 12, 2012, a 3–2 loss to the Colorado Avalanche. He played all 82 games for the Ducks in 2011–12 and led the team with 46 assists. Another milestone came late in the 2012–13 season as Getzlaf recorded his 500th point on March 8, 2013, with an assist on a Bobby Ryan goal in a 4–0 win over the Calgary Flames. On the same day, the Ducks signed Getzlaf to an eight-year contract extension that runs through the 2021–22 season and is worth $66 million. He finished the lock-out-shortened campaign as the team leader in assists (34) and points (49), and tied for the team lead with 15 goals.
In 2013–14, Getzlaf recorded a career-high 31 goals and finished second to Sidney Crosby in league scoring with 87 points. Getzlaf was named to the second All-Star team and was a first-time finalist for the Hart Memorial Trophy as the NHL's most valuable player. He finished as the runner-up to Crosby.
In the final seconds of Anaheim's opening contest in the 2014 playoffs, against the Dallas Stars, Getzlaf suffered lacerations and bruises after blocking a shot with his face. He returned for the second game of the series, but missed the following two games due an undisclosed "upper body injury". Getzlaf returned for the remainder of his team's playoff run, and recorded 15 points in 12 post-season games before the Ducks were eliminated in the second round by the Los Angeles Kings.
In the 2015 playoffs, Getzlaf tied the previous Ducks record for most assists in a post-season – which he himself set in 2009 – at 14 when he provided the primary assist on teammate Simon Després' game-winning goal in Game 3 of the Western Conference Finals against the Chicago Blackhawks on May 22, 2015.
In 2017, Getzlaf was named a finalist for the Mark Messier Leadership Award along with Calgary Flames defencemen Mark Giordano and Columbus Blue Jackets forward Nick Foligno. In the 2017 playoffs, Getzlaf surpassed former teammate Teemu Selänne's franchise record of 35 playoff goals against the Edmonton Oilers in Game 4 of the best of seven series. During the Western Conference finals, Getzlaf was fined $10,000 for using a homophobic slur to insult an on-ice official. He later said "That's my responsibility to understand that there are eyes and ears on us all the time. Fortunately enough, nobody heard it. If you can read lips, it's a little bit harder, and I apologize for that. That's a thing that you won't hear from me again. I hope I didn't offend anybody outside the circle that we trust."
Early in the 2017–18 season, Getzlaf was sidelined after a hit in the face by a puck during a game against the Carolina Hurricanes required surgery. He returned from his injury 19 games later, on December 11, to help the Ducks beat the Hurricanes 3–2. The Ducks qualified for the 2018 Stanley Cup playoffs but were swept by the San Jose Sharks in four games. On April 23, 2018, Getzlaf was nominated for the King Clancy Memorial Trophy as a player who best exemplifies leadership qualities on and off the ice and gives back to his community; the award went to Daniel and Henrik Sedin.
On July 28, 2021, Getzlaf signed a one-year, $3 million contract to remain with the Ducks, with performance bonuses of up to $1.5 million. On October 31, Getzlaf scored his 989th career NHL point, passing Teemu Selänne as the Ducks' all-time leading scorer, in a 4–2 win over the Montreal Canadiens.[citation needed] On November 16, Getzlaf scored his 1,000th career NHL point, an assist on a goal by Cam Fowler, in a 3–2 overtime win over the Washington Capitals.
On April 5, 2022, Getzlaf announced that he would retire at the end of the 2021–22 season and that his final game would be the last home game of the season for the Ducks on April 24, 2022, against the St. Louis Blues.
Prior to the game on April 24, the Ducks honored Getzlaf with a pregame ceremony during which he was joined at center ice by his wife and four children along with the owners of the Ducks, Henry and Susan Samueli. The Ducks presented Getzlaf with a golf vacation and an off-road vehicle in Ducks team colors, which was driven onto the ice by retired Ducks star Selänne. In the game Getzlaf recorded an assist in a 6–3 loss to the St. Louis Blues.
After the game, Getzlaf was congratulated by his teammates and by every member of the Blues, including former teammate David Perron and fellow Regina native Tyler Bozak, in a moment resembling the handshake line at the end of a playoff series. Afterwards, Getzlaf gave an emotional address to the crowd before taking one final lap around the Honda Center and closing the books on his 17-year career.
Getzlaf ended his career with 282 goals, 737 assists and a total of 1,018 points. As of his retirement date, Getzlaf leads the Ducks in games played, assists, points and assists per game, and also holds the Ducks record for most assists in a season. He is the 35th player since 1980 to play his entire career with one NHL franchise (minimum of 10 seasons) and is only the 11th to play at least 17 seasons with the same team. He is tied for 33rd overall in most games played by a single player for a single franchise.
International play
Getzlaf made his international debut as a member of the seventh-place Canada-West entry at the 2002 World U17 Hockey Challenge in Manitoba. The following year, he joined the Canadian under-18 team at the 2003 IIHF World U18 Championships. In seven games at the tournament, Getzlaf recorded two goals and two assists as Canada, in its second appearance at the event, won the nation's first gold medal at the U18 level.
Moving up to the national junior team, Getzlaf made his first of two appearances at the World Junior Hockey Championship in 2004. He recorded six points in six games for a Canadian squad that scored 25 goals in its four round-robin games and surrendered only four en route to a gold medal showdown with the United States. With Canada leading 3–1 early in the third period of the final, both Getzlaf and Sidney Crosby failed to capitalize on opportunities to add an extra goal that may have sealed a victory. Instead, Canada surrendered the lead, and Getzlaf and his teammates were forced to settle for the silver medal after goaltender Marc-André Fleury accidentally sent a clearing pass off a teammate and into his own net for the game-winning goal.
The 2004–05 lock-out ensured that several players who would otherwise have been playing in the NHL, including Getzlaf, were available to return to the national team for the 2005 World Junior Championship. One of 12 players with previous experience at the tournament for Canada, Getzlaf was a leading player for what many observers have called the greatest team in the tournament's history. With 12 points in 6 games, Getzlaf finished second in overall scoring to teammate Patrice Bergeron's 13. He scored one goal and added two assists in the championship game against Russia as the Canadians won the gold medal by a 6–1 score; it was the nation's first title in eight years at the event.
Getzlaf made his first appearance with the senior team at the 2008 World Championship. He led the tournament with 11 assists and his 14 points was second overall to teammate Dany Heatley's 20. Canada reached the championship game, but were forced to settle for the silver medal after Russia overcame a two-goal third period deficit and won the championship 5–4 in overtime. Getzlaf was named to the Canadian roster for the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, however a sprained ankle suffered during the NHL season left his participation in doubt until just before Canada was required to confirm its roster. He had recovered enough to play and recorded seven points in seven games, including the game-winning goal in Canada's 3–2 semi-final victory over Slovakia. Canada won the gold medal with a 3–2 overtime victory over the United States.
Two years later, Getzlaf served as Canada's captain at the 2012 World Championship. He tied for second in team scoring with nine points in eight games. However, Canada was eliminated in the quarterfinal against Slovakia, 4–3. Getzlaf was assessed a major penalty and game misconduct late in the game for kneeing Juraj Mikúš. A dejected Getzlaf lamented the result and his penalty following the game: "It hurts like hell right now. I feel like I let the guys down. To be in a hard-fought game like that and play the tournament we did and lose in that fashion, it's not easy to swallow as a group."
Returning to the Canadian roster for the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Getzlaf's play was cited, along with that of fellow centres Sidney Crosby and Jonathan Toews, as being one of the key aspects of Canada's successful defence of their Olympic title. Canada defeated Sweden by a 3–0 score to win the gold medal and repeat as Olympic champions.
Playing style
Getzlaf is known as a power forward with excellent playmaking skills. The Hockey News describes Getzlaf as being "the complete package" and praises his all-round game. He is credited as having both a powerful shot and willingness to engage in physical play, but also criticized for taking poor penalties at times and occasionally passing despite being in a quality shooting location. One of the league's top passers, Getzlaf has led the Ducks in assists for ten consecutive seasons between 2008 and 2017; he has also led the team in points seven times. With 814 career points through the 2016–17 season, Getzlaf is the second-leading scorer in Ducks franchise history behind only Teemu Selänne (985). He and winger Corey Perry have formed one of the NHL's most potent scoring tandems; both were top five in NHL scoring in 2013–14. The duo, who have been called the "twins" in Anaheim, have played together since being drafted in 2003. In addition to pairing up for the Ducks' 2007 Stanley Cup championship, they have played together on World Junior Championship and Olympic gold medal teams. Getzlaf was recognized for his leadership role with the Ducks in 2014 as he earned his first nomination for the Mark Messier Leadership Award, with a second nomination coming the following season.
Personal life
Getzlaf and his wife, Paige (married in 2010) have four children together. An active member of the Orange County community, Getzlaf hosts an annual golf tournament on behalf of CureDuchenne, an organization that seeks a cure for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. He also maintains a program with the Calgary Hitmen called "Getzlaf's Gamers", which allows underprivileged children to attend games.
Career statistics
Regular season and playoffs
Bold indicates led league
International
Awards and honours
Records | f931d1f0-8bee-44cd-9304-3582569ba973 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micropentila_adelgitha"} | Species of butterfly
Micropentila adelgitha, the common dots, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria (south and the Cross River loop), Cameroon, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Ituri). The habitat consists of primary forests.
Adults feed from extrafloral nectaries of Marantaceae species. | 38a92eb7-c357-43c2-b424-8f9db2fe590d |
null | River in the United States
Calamity Creek is a river in Texas. | 8aeedd42-e6c8-4a39-843e-0658a3389c12 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alinia_(wasp)"} | Genus of wasps
Alinia is a genus of square-headed wasps in the family Crabronidae. There are at least four described species in Alinia.
Species
These four species belong to the genus Alinia:
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net | 32dd0a9c-827d-49c4-8601-c6cdee0a2b6c |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trachtenberg_system"} | System of rapid mental calculation
The Trachtenberg system is a system of rapid mental calculation. The system consists of a number of readily memorized operations that allow one to perform arithmetic computations very quickly. It was developed by the Russian engineer Jakow Trachtenberg in order to keep his mind occupied while being in a Nazi concentration camp.
The rest of this article presents some methods devised by Trachtenberg. Some of the algorithms Trachtenberg developed are ones for general multiplication, division and addition. Also, the Trachtenberg system includes some specialised methods for multiplying small numbers between 5 and 13 (but shown here is 2–12).
The section on addition demonstrates an effective method of checking calculations that can also be applied to multiplication.
General multiplication, Trachtenberg math theory
The method for general multiplication is a method to achieve multiplications
with low space complexity, i.e. as few temporary results as possible to be kept in memory. This is achieved by noting that the final digit is completely determined by multiplying the last digit of the multiplicands. This is held as a temporary result. To find the next to last digit, we need everything that influences this digit: The temporary result, the last digit of
times the next-to-last digit of
, as well as the next-to-last digit of
times the last digit of
. This calculation is performed, and we have a temporary result that is correct in the final two digits.
In general, for each position
in the final result, we sum for all
:
People can learn this algorithm and thus multiply four digit numbers in their head – writing down only the final result. They would write it out starting with the rightmost digit and finishing with the leftmost.
Trachtenberg defined this algorithm with a kind of pairwise multiplication where two digits are multiplied by one digit, essentially only keeping the middle digit of the result. By performing the above algorithm with this pairwise multiplication, even fewer temporary results need to be held.
Example:
To find the first (rightmost) digit of the answer, start at the first digit of the multiplicand:
The units digit of
The first digit of the answer is
. The tenth digit
is ignored.
To find the second digit of the answer, start at the second digit of the multiplicand:
The units digit of
plus the tens digit of
plus
The units digit of
.
.
The second digit of the answer is
and carry
to the third digit.
To find the third digit of the answer, start at the third digit of the multiplicand:
The units digit of
plus the tens digit of
plus
The units digit of
plus the tens digit of
plus
The units digit of
The third digit of the answer is
and carry
to the next digit.
To find the fourth digit of the answer, start at the fourth digit of the multiplicand:
The units digit of
plus the tens digit of
plus
The units digit of
plus the tens digit of
plus
The units digit of
plus the tens digit of
.
carried from the third digit.
The fourth digit of the answer is
and carry
to the next digit.
Continue with the same method to obtain the remaining digits.
Trachtenberg called this the 2 Finger Method. The calculations for finding the fourth digit from the example above are illustrated at right. The arrow from the nine will always point to the digit of the multiplicand directly above the digit of the answer you wish to find, with the other arrows each pointing one digit to the right. Each arrow head points to a UT Pair, or Product Pair. The vertical arrow points to the product where we will get the Units digit, and the sloping arrow points to the product where we will get the Tens digits of the Product Pair. If an arrow points to a space with no digit there is no calculation for that arrow. As you solve for each digit you will move each of the arrows over the multiplicand one digit to the left until all of the arrows point to prefixed zeros.
Division in the Trachtenberg System is done much the same as in multiplication but with subtraction instead of addition. Splitting the dividend into smaller Partial Dividends, then dividing this Partial Dividend by only the left-most digit of the divisor will provide the answer one digit at a time. As you solve each digit of the answer you then subtract Product Pairs (UT pairs) and also NT pairs (Number-Tens) from the Partial Dividend to find the next Partial Dividend. The Product Pairs are found between the digits of the answer so far and the divisor. If a subtraction results in a negative number you have to back up one digit and reduce that digit of the answer by one. With enough practice this method can be done in your head.
General addition
A method of adding columns of numbers and accurately checking the result without repeating the first operation. An intermediate sum, in the form of two rows of digits, is produced. The answer is obtained by taking the sum of the intermediate results with an L-shaped algorithm. As a final step, the checking method that is advocated both removes the risk of repeating any original errors and identifies the precise column in which an error occurs all at once. It is based on check (or digit) sums, such as the nines-remainder method.
For the procedure to be effective, the different operations used in each stage must be kept distinct, otherwise there is a risk of interference.
Other multiplication algorithms
When performing any of these multiplication algorithms the following "steps" should be applied.
The answer must be found one digit at a time starting at the least significant digit and moving left. The last calculation is on the leading zero of the multiplicand.
Each digit has a neighbor, i.e., the digit on its right. The rightmost digit's neighbor is the trailing zero.
The 'halve' operation has a particular meaning to the Trachtenberg system. It is intended to mean "half the digit, rounded down" but for speed reasons people following the Trachtenberg system are encouraged to make this halving process instantaneous. So instead of thinking "half of seven is three and a half, so three" it's suggested that one thinks "seven, three". This speeds up calculation considerably. In this same way the tables for subtracting digits from 10 or 9 are to be memorized.
And whenever the rule calls for adding half of the neighbor, always add 5 if the current digit is odd. This makes up for dropping 0.5 in the next digit's calculation.
Numbers and digits (base 10)
Digits and numbers are two different notions. The number T consists of n digits cn ... c1.
Multiplying by 2
Proof
Rule:
Example: 8624 × 2
Working from left to right:
8+8=16,
6+6=12 (carry the 1),
2+2=4
4+4=8;
8624 × 2 = 17248
Example: 76892 × 2
Working from left to right:
7+7=14
6+6=12
8+8=16
9+9=18
2+2=4;
76892 × 2 =153784
Multiplying by 3
Proof
Rule:
Example: 492 × 3 = 1476
Working from right to left:
(10 − 2) × 2 + Half of 0 (0) = 16. Write 6, carry 1.
(9 − 9) × 2 + Half of 2 (1) + 5 (since 9 is odd) + 1 (carried) = 7. Write 7.
(9 − 4) × 2 + Half of 9 (4) = 14. Write 4, carry 1.
Half of 4 (2) − 2 + 1 (carried) = 1. Write 1.
Multiplying by 4
Proof
Rule:
Example: 346 × 4 = 1384
Working from right to left:
(10 − 6) + Half of 0 (0) = 4. Write 4.
(9 − 4) + Half of 6 (3) = 8. Write 8.
(9 − 3) + Half of 4 (2) + 5 (since 3 is odd) = 13. Write 3, carry 1.
Half of 3 (1) − 1 + 1 (carried) = 1. Write 1.
Multiplying by 5
Proof
Rule:
Example: 42×5=210
Half of 2's neighbor, the trailing zero, is 0.
Half of 4's neighbor is 1.
Half of the leading zero's neighbor is 2.
43×5 = 215
Half of 3's neighbor is 0, plus 5 because 3 is odd, is 5.
Half of 4's neighbor is 1.
Half of the leading zero's neighbor is 2.
93×5=465
Half of 3's neighbor is 0, plus 5 because 3 is odd, is 5.
Half of 9's neighbor is 1, plus 5 because 9 is odd, is 6.
Half of the leading zero's neighbor is 4.
Multiplying by 6
Proof
Rule:
Example: 357 × 6 = 2142
Working right to left:
7 has no neighbor, add 5 (since 7 is odd) = 12. Write 2, carry the 1.
5 + half of 7 (3) + 5 (since the starting digit 5 is odd) + 1 (carried) = 14. Write 4, carry the 1.
3 + half of 5 (2) + 5 (since 3 is odd) + 1 (carried) = 11. Write 1, carry 1.
0 + half of 3 (1) + 1 (carried) = 2. Write 2.
Multiplying by 7
Proof
Rule:
Example: 693 × 7 = 4,851
Working from right to left:
(3×2) + 0 + 5 + 0 = 11 = carryover 1, result 1.
(9×2) + 1 + 5 + 1 = 25 = carryover 2, result 5.
(6×2) + 4 + 0 + 2 = 18 = carryover 1, result 8.
(0×2) + 3 + 0 + 1 = 4 = result 4.
Multiplying by 8
Proof
Rule:
Example: 456 × 8 = 3648
Working from right to left:
(10 − 6) × 2 + 0 = 8. Write 8.
(9 − 5) × 2 + 6 = 14, Write 4, carry 1.
(9 − 4) × 2 + 5 + 1 (carried) = 16. Write 6, carry 1.
4 − 2 + 1 (carried) = 3. Write 3.
Multiplying by 9
Proof
Rule:
For rules 9, 8, 4, and 3 only the first digit is subtracted from 10. After that each digit is subtracted from nine instead.
Example: 2,130 × 9 = 19,170
Working from right to left:
(10 − 0) + 0 = 10. Write 0, carry 1.
(9 − 3) + 0 + 1 (carried) = 7. Write 7.
(9 − 1) + 3 = 11. Write 1, carry 1.
(9 − 2) + 1 + 1 (carried) = 9. Write 9.
2 − 1 = 1. Write 1.
Multiplying by 10
Add 0 (zero) as the rightmost digit.
Proof
Multiplying by 11
Proof
Rule:
Example:
(0 + 3) (3 + 4) (4 + 2) (2 + 5) (5 + 0)
3 7 6 7 5
To illustrate:
11=10+1
Thus,
Multiplying by 12
Proof
Rule: to multiply by 12:Starting from the rightmost digit, double each digit and add the neighbor. (The "neighbor" is the digit on the right.)
If the answer is greater than a single digit, simply carry over the extra digit (which will be a 1 or 2) to the next operation. The remaining digit is one digit of the final result.
Example:
Determine neighbors in the multiplicand 0316:
Multiplying by 13
Proof
Publications
The book contains specific algebraic explanations for each of the above operations.
Most of the information in this article is from the original book.
The algorithms/operations for multiplication, etc., can be expressed in other more compact ways that the book does not specify, despite the chapter on algebraic description.
In popular culture
The 2017 American film Gifted revolves around a child prodigy who at the age of 7 impresses her teacher by doing calculations in her head using the Trachtenberg system.
Other systems
There are many other methods of calculation in mental mathematics. The list below shows a few other methods of calculating, though they may not be entirely mental. | 8f056ad2-08a5-44bb-81a4-a63510522f83 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Grant_(footballer,_born_1981)"} | English footballer
John Anthony Carlton Grant (born 9 August 1981) is a former English footballer who last played for Droylsden as a striker and previously played for a variety of other English football clubs.
Club career
Crewe Alexandra
Born in Manchester, Greater Manchester, Grant started his career at Crewe Alexandra who were at the time playing in the Division One. He said his brother Daniel Grant, a former schoolboy player at Manchester United, inspired him to play football so he signed in July 1999 and made his debut against Crystal Palace on the opening day of the 1999–2000 season. He was also a promising basketball player and trialed with Manchester Giants
He was later loaned to Hyde United, and Northwich Victoria.
2002 to 2005
In the 2002 close season, Grant signed for Hereford United, before going on to join the now defunct Telford United in July 2003. In the summer of 2004, Grant then signed for Shrewsbury Town, who had just beaten Aldershot Town in the Conference play-off final.
Halifax Town
Grant was on the move again in March 2005, when he joined Halifax Town. Grant played and scored for Halifax Town in the 2006 Conference play-off final, at Leicester City's Walkers Stadium, against his former club Hereford United. Halifax Town lost the final. That season Grant finished as Halifax Town's top scorer with 14 goals. Despite being offered a new contract by Halifax Town, he decided to join Aldershot Town in the summer of 2006.
Aldershot Town
In July 2006, Grant signed for Aldershot Town. He scored twice on his debut against Gravesend & Northfleet, on the opening day of the 2006–07 season. At the end of the season, Grant was Aldershot Town's top scorer with 23 goals and he was voted the fans 'Player of the Year'.
In December 2007, Grant scored his first and only senior hat-trick against Salisbury City. In February 2008, he committed himself to the club until the end of the 2009–10 season. Grant ended the 2007–08 season as top-scorer with 25 goals, as Aldershot Town won the Conference National title and the Conference League Cup. He was also one of five Aldershot Town players that were named in the Conference Team of the Year.
Grant made his 100th appearance for Aldershot Town against Notts County in September 2008 and he scored his 50th goal for Aldershot Town against Rotherham United in November 2008. In February 2010, he joined Oxford United on loan until the end of the 2009–10 season.
Barrow
Grant was released by Aldershot at the end of the 2009–10 season. Subsequently, he joined Conference National club Barrow on 19 November 2010. He made his debut the following day as a substitute in a 1–1 draw with Grimsby Town. Grant left Barrow by mutual consent on 31 January 2011.
Macclesfield
On 5 August 2011 Grant signed for Macclesfield Town on a non-contract basis after training with the team during the pre-season. He made four appearances during the 2011–12 season, the last in a 0–2 home defeat to Southend United on 29 October 2011.
Droylsden
Having been without a club since his release from Macclesfield halfway through the 2011–12 season, Grant signed for struggling Conference North club Droylsden in March 2013, making his debut in a 4–0 defeat at Gloucester City on 12 March 2013. He made a further eight appearances during the 2012–13 season, failing to score.
England National Game XI
He also made his England National Game XI debut in May 2007 against the Republic of Ireland. Grant was in the squad that won that year's Four Nations Tournament and scored against Scotland on his full debut in the 3–0 victory on 25 May 2007.
Honours
Aldershot Town | 420373d9-66a3-4c0b-a348-eaaaaa4361e7 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amirabad,_Kanduleh"} | Village in Kermanshah, Iran
Amirabad (Persian: اميراباد, also Romanized as Amīrābād) is a village in Kanduleh Rural District, Dinavar District, Sahneh County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 30, in 6 families. | 462902e3-1596-415d-9d26-8a194ab9805b |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016%E2%80%9317_FIS_Ski_Jumping_Continental_Cup"} | Continental Cup
The 2016/17 FIS Ski Jumping Continental Cup was the 26th in a row (24th official) Continental Cup winter season in ski jumping for men and the 13th for ladies. This is also the 15th summer continental cup season for men and 9th for ladies.
Other competitive circuits this season included the World Cup, Grand Prix, FIS Cup, FIS Race and Alpen Cup.
Map of continental cup hosts
All 23 locations hosting continental cup events in summer (7 for men / 2 for ladies) and in winter (15 for men / 1 for ladies) this season.
Men
Ladies
Men & Ladies
Men
Summer
Winter
Ladies
Summer
Winter
Men's standings
Ladies' standings
Participants
Overall, total of 26 countries for both men and ladies participated in this season:
Europa Cup vs. Continental Cup
Last two seasons of Europa Cup in 1991/92 and 1992/93 are recognized as first two Continental Cup seasons by International Ski Federation, although Continental Cup under this name officially started first season in 1993/94 season. | c8bcadf3-6d88-4eea-b642-81345d31763a |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orworth,_Kansas"} | Ghost town in Kansas, United States
Orworth is a ghost town in Lincoln County, Kansas, United States.
History
Orworth was issued a post office in 1879. The post office was discontinued in 1892. | c31ab7d5-3373-42bf-98ce-dbd9f533f629 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whiteband_goby"} | Species of fish
The whiteband goby (Paedovaricus imswe) is a species of ray-finned fish from the family Gobiidae. It has only been recorded from two sites, the Eleuthera Islands in the Bahamas and Carrie Bow Cay in Belize. | e5a7419e-be3c-462c-ada2-d9c1b12a66ae |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limberlost_Swamp"} | Historic wetland in Indiana, United States
Coordinates: 40°36′00″N 84°56′50″W / 40.60000°N 84.94722°W / 40.60000; -84.94722
The Limberlost Swamp in the eastern part of the present-day U.S. state of Indiana was a large, nationally known wetlands region with streams that flowed into the Wabash River. It originally covered 13,000 acres (53 km²) of present-day Adams and Jay counties. Parts of it were known as the Loblolly Marsh, based on a word by local Native Americans for the sulphur smell of the marsh gas. The wetlands had mixed vegetation and supported a rich biodiversity, significant for local and migrating birds and insects, as well as other animals and life.
European Americans drained the Limberlost for agricultural development early in the 20th century, destroying the rich habitat. Since 1997, parts of it have been restored. Observers have documented a return of insects, birds, and wildlife of all sorts to the restored area of wetlands. Approximately 1,500 acres (6.1 km2) had been restored as of 2015. Several groups supported purchase of lands for what is now known as the Loblolly Marsh Nature Preserve, which was turned over to the state and is held by the Indiana Department of Natural Resources.
Origin of name
According to the History of Jay County by M.W. Montgomery, published in 1864, the name Limberlost came from the following event:
A man named James Miller, while hunting along the banks of the swamp, became lost. After various fruitless efforts to find his way home, in which he would always come around to the place of starting, he determined to go in a straight course, and so, every few rods he would blaze a tree. While doing this, he was found by friends. Being an agile man, he was known as 'limber Jim,' and, after this, the stream was called 'Limberlost.'
The Indiana State Museum contends, "The swamp received its name from the fate of 'Limber Jim' Corbus, who went hunting in the swamp and never returned. When the locals asked where Jim Corbus was, the familiar cry was 'Limber's lost!'"
Draining, development, and restoration
After being drained from 1888 to 1910 by a steam-powered dredge, the area was cultivated as farmland for 80 years. In 1991, local citizen Ken Brunswick established "Limberlost Swamp Remembered," a group organized to restore some of the wetlands, because of their importance as habitat. The work has included removing or blocking drainage tiles, allowing water back on the land, and planting native species of trees, bushes and flowers. As of 2015, The Loblolly Marsh had been entered into Indiana's Wetland Reserve Program by five owners; it was purchased with funds from The Indiana Heritage Trust, ACRES Land Trust, Ropchan Foundation, M.E. Raker Foundation, and Friends of the Limberlost/Limberlost Swamp Remembered Committee.
An alternate name for the area was Loblolly Marsh. This name has been said to have been derived from a Miami language word for "stinking river," related to the sulfur smell of marsh gas). However, the Oxford English Dictionary says that "loblolly" means a thick gruel or porridge, and that it occurs in the US as a colloquialism for a mud-hole. One quotation given by the OED, from The Log of a Cowboy by the Western writer Andy Adams, is "His ineffectual struggles caused him to sink farther to the flanks in the loblolly which the tramping of the cattle had caused."
The restored marsh has already attracted numerous species of insects, birds, and animals as the first major section has been restored. The 428-acre restoration project was dedicated as the Loblolly Marsh Wetland Preserve in 1997. Activists have included students from Ball State University, who participated in restoration activities such as planting native habitat. Approximately 1,500 acres (6.1 km2) have been purchased and restored.
As of 2015, the Loblolly Marsh Nature Preserve is held by the Indiana Department of Natural Resources. It has a parking area and walking trails, including Veronica’s Trail--0.25 mile wheelchair-accessible wooden boardwalk built to comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act. The preserve's floodplains connect to the Wabash River and support river bulrush, sedges, prairie cord grass, burr reed and cattails. The upland area contains a 25-acre mature woodland of hardwood trees.
Representation in media | 0ed1c048-86c7-4dbd-a2fd-061b0f5cc0ed |
null | Spanish footballer
Juan Manuel Rosado Mojarro (born 24 April 1974), commonly known as Iván Rosado, is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a striker.
Over five seasons, he amassed La Liga totals of 122 matches and 26 goals with Osasuna (six years in total). He represented four other teams during his 16-year professional career, starting in 1992 with Recreativo.
Club career
Rosado was born in Huelva, Andalusia. After starting playing for local Recreativo de Huelva in the third division he signed for two seasons with Rayo Vallecano in the second tier, promoting in his first year but scoring only twice in 20 league games in the process.
Rosado's most steady and fruitful period came with Pamplona's CA Osasuna: after being the team's top scorer in his first season with 11 goals, as they returned to La Liga after six years– whilst Recreativo were relegated – he repeated the feat the following campaign (at 14), helping the Navarrese barely avoid relegation and taking his tally in his first three top-flight seasons to 25 goals, in 100 appearances.
After an uneventful loan at Xerez CD, Rosado was released by Osasuna in September 2006. After nearly one year out of football, he moved to Málaga CF. He featured scarcely during his one-and-a-half season spell, as the club returned to the top division in 2008.
Rosado had a trial at UD Melilla in August 2008, but nothing came of it and he eventually retired from the game aged 34. In 11 years in the two major levels, he amassed totals of 239 matches and 54 goals. | 1a621cd4-463c-4de0-a5c6-74e3552ff5e2 |
null | MERLIN reactor was a 10MWt pool-type research reactor at Aldermaston Court, Aldermaston, Berkshire, England which operated from 6 November 1959 until 1962.
It was privately owned and operated by Associated Electrical Industries. It was opened by Prince Philip on 6 November 1959. The head of the reactor was Alan James Salmon, then aged 36 who had worked for AEI since leaving the RAF and had spent two years at the Atomic Energy Research Establishment studying reactor design before joining AEI Aldermaston. | c449b734-7654-4906-baba-ded24b115de4 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberta_Citylink"} | Alberta Citylink was an airline based in Medicine Hat, Alberta, Canada. It operated domestic passenger service for Air Canada as an Air Canada Connector air carrier via a code sharing agreement. Its main base was Medicine Hat Airport, with a hub at Calgary International Airport
History
The airline was established and initiated operations in 1996. Scheduled services were also operated by Bar XH Air (established in 1974) under the name Alberta Citylink. However, scheduled services are no longer operated.
Air Canada Connector routes in 1999
According to the Official Airline Guide (OAG), Alberta Citylink was operating Air Canada Connector code share services on behalf of Air Canada with BAe Jetstream commuter propjets at this time with nonstop flights between Calgary and Cold Lake, Alberta, Cranbrook, BC, Lethbridge, Lloydminster and Medicine Hat, and also nonstop between Edmonton and Cold Lake.
Fleet
The Alberta Citylink fleet consisted of the following turboprop aircraft: | b5fbbb59-b693-4d7e-96c3-879e1107e33c |
null | The marketing supply chain is the chain of suppliers that an organization relies on to produce marketing materials (print, promotional products and point of sale) to market their products and services.
The marketing supply chain is often made up of partners inside and outside of the organization – such as brand managers, marketing services, agencies, direct sales teams, buyers, printers, fulfillment houses and many others.
From product brochures and promotional flyers to point-of-sale systems and store signage, each of these supplies must be acquired, managed and distributed to customers, sales teams, branch offices, retail outlets, dealers, distributors and other key audiences around the world.
Flow
Similar to manufacturing environments, marketing supply chains are primarily governed by a process or "flow" that typically involves:
Technology
The technology field for meeting the needs to the entire marketing supply chain is still a bit disconnected. A new breed of comprehensive Marketing Management Platforms are on their way to the market. These platforms enable marketers to give access to their marketing materials to anyone that is responsible for promoting the brand. This could include sales teams, employees, vendors, partners, affiliates or anyone else the marketer determines needs the access. In general these platforms are tasked with the following features:
Over time, most supply chains can grow cumbersome and unwieldy as new partners, new products and new technologies are added, resulting in increased cost, decreased service levels and an overall loss of control. Some of the world’s largest consulting firms estimate that up to 60% of marketing costs are related to non-product ancillary areas (distribution, people, freight, storage, obsolescence, technology, inventory management, etc.).
Companies have tackled cost reduction from a "largest spend first" philosophy. As a result, some very substantial cost savings opportunities are often overlooked, such as indirect materials and supplies – those products and services that are not a core or direct part of the company’s finished product.
By taking a complete marketing supply chain approach, identifying inefficiencies and developing best business practices, companies can improve their marketing supply chain process. Outsourcing the process can help manage total marketing supply chain cost, and can provide an opportunity for measurement in marketing, one of the major challenges in the profession. | c4fb36db-334d-4563-8d10-e8e50c448497 |
null | The Eagle Unbowed: Poland and the Poles in the Second World War is a 2012 book by Halik Kochanski about the Polish contribution to World War II and published by Harvard University Press.
Contents
One of the topics discussed in the book is the controversy caused by the humiliation of Poles during the Britain’s victory parade in 1946, when the organisers invited Fijians and Mexicans to participate, but not the Poles who had fought alongside the British.
Reception
The book received generally good reviews from the community of historians in peer-reviewed outlets. Piotr Wróbel writing for Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies noted that the book is "a major achievement and explains many historical events misunderstood by Western readers". John Radzilowski in The Historian wrote that the book is "a welcome and useful corrective for both scholars and general readers" and "an important addition to English language literature on East-Central Europe in World War II". Eva Plach who reviewed the book for the The Journal of Modern History noted that the work, while not presenting "any “new” information as such" is a "comprehensive text" and "an important resource" for those less familiar with the topic of wartime Polish history.
Michael Meng reviewed the book for the Slavic Review and noted more neutrally that it is "a nationally centred story about Polish struggles for freedom". Jan Grabowski in the Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs was more critical of the book, writing: "In addition to very problematic interpretations and insufficient or biased sources, The Eagle Unbowed is replete with factual errors...Those, however, who look for well-informed studies... will have to look elsewhere."
The book also received positive coverage in the mainstream press. The Books and Arts review in The Economist noted that until Kochanski's book, "nobody had written a comprehensive English-language history of Poland at war", and that she "weaves together the political, military, diplomatic and human strands of the story". Richard J. Evans reviewing the book for The Guardian described it as "a comprehensive study that provides a fair-minded introduction to the subject". Janusz R. Kowalczyk writing for culture.pl called it "the first comprehensive account of the fate of Poles on the fronts and wastelands of Second World War published in the West". Anne Applebaum in The New Republic called the book "extraordinarily ambitious", noting that it is "a book far bleaker, and far more ambiguous, than anything most Americans have read about the war" and comparing it to Snyder's Bloodlands. Antony Polonsky in TLS. Times Literary Supplement noted that the book "has many virtues". Wojciech Michnik in New Eastern Europe called the book a "monumental study" and "an extremely interesting and timely read". | c54fa11e-c91d-4bb0-80a2-c012dc361e53 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_Benkart"} | American mathematician (1947–2022)
Georgia McClure Benkart (December 30, 1947 – April 29, 2022) was an American mathematician who was known for her work in the structure and representation theory of Lie algebras and related algebraic structures. She published over 130 journal articles and co-authored three American Mathematical Society memoirs in four broad categories: modular Lie algebras; combinatorics of Lie algebra representations; graded algebras and superalgebras; and quantum groups and related structures.
Education and career
Benkart received her BS degree summa cum laude from the Ohio State University in 1970 and an MPhil in mathematics from Yale University in 1973. She completed her doctoral work at Yale under Nathan Jacobson and wrote a dissertation entitled Inner Ideals and the Structure of Lie Algebras. She was awarded a PhD in mathematics from the Yale University in 1974.
Upon completing her doctoral degree, Benkart began her long career at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, first as a MacDuffee Instructor and eventually as a E. B. Van Vleck Professor of Mathematics until she retired from teaching in 2006.
She held visiting positions at the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute in Berkeley, California, the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, the Aspen Center for Physics, and the University of Virginia. During her career, Benkart delivered over 350 invited talks including 3 plenary lectures at the Joint Mathematics Meetings and the Emmy Noether Lecture at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Seoul, South Korea in 2014.
Personal life
Benkart was born on December 30, 1947, in Youngstown, Ohio, to George Benkart II and Florence K. Benkart. Her father served in the Army Corps of Engineers and her mother was a teacher in Youngstown's "ethnically rich south side."
Benkart died on April 29, 2022, aged 74, from undisclosed causes in Madison, Wisconsin. Her survivors included her sister, Paula Kaye Benkart.
Research
Benkart made a contribution to the classification of simple modular Lie algebras. Her work with J. Marshall Osborn on toroidal rank-one Lie algebras became one of the building blocks of the classification. The complete description of Hamiltonian Lie Algebras (with Gregory, Osborn, Strade, Wilson) can stand alone, and also has applications in the theory of pro-p groups.
In 2009, she published, jointly with Thomas Gregory and Alexander Premet, the first complete proof of the recognition theorem for graded Lie algebras in characteristics at least 5.
In the early 1990s, Benkart and Efim Zelmanov started to work on classification of root-graded Lie algebras and intersection matrix algebras. The latter were introduced by Peter Slodowy in his work on singularities. Berman and Moody recognized that these algebras (generalizations of affine Kac–Moody algebras) are universal root graded Lie algebras and classified them for simply laced root systems. Benkart and Zelmanov tackled the remaining cases involving the Freudenthal magic square and extended this square to exceptional Lie superalgebras.
Later Benkart extended these results in two directions. In a series of papers with Alberto Elduque she developed the theory of root graded Lie superalgebras. In a second series of works with Bruce Allison, Arturo Pianzola, Erhard Neher, et al. she determined the universal central covers of these algebras.
One of the pillars of the representation theory of quantum groups (and applications to combinatorics) is Masaki Kashiwara's theory of crystal bases. These are highly invariant bases which are well suited for decompositions of tensor products. In a paper with Seok-Jin Kang and Kashiwara, Benkart extended the theory of crystal bases to quantum superalgebras.
Benkart's work on noncommutative algebras related to algebraic combinatorics became a basic tool in the construction of tensor categories.
Service to the profession
Benkart served on several editorial boards including the boards of the American Mathematical Society for Surveys and Monographs and Abstracts, Communications in Algebra, and the Journal of Algebra. She served as the associate secretary of the American Mathematical Society for the Central Section from 2010 to 2020, and was a member of the governing council in 1995 and from 2010 to 2021. Benkart was active in the Association for Women in Mathematics(AWM) over many years, served as chair of the membership portfolio and the nominating committee, and helped plan the first AWM Research Symposium, which was also a celebration of the 40th anniversary of AWM.
Awards and honors
Benkart received a Woodrow Wilson Fellowship from the Woodrow Wilson National Fellowship Foundation. Her work at Wisconsin was recognized by a Romnes Fellowship in 1985, a Distinguished Teaching Award in 1987, and a WARF Mid-Career Faculty Research Award in 1996. In 2008 the University of California Lie Groups and Lie Algebras meeting was held in Benkart's honor. Her talks and lectures include two invited lectures at the Joint Mathematics Meetings and a plenary lecture at a meeting of the Canadian Mathematical Society.
In 2000–2002 Benkart was named a Polya Lecturer by the Mathematical Association of America. She was elected a Fellow of the American Mathematical Society (AMS) in the inaugural class of 2013.
She was elected and served as president of the Association for Women in Mathematics from 2009 to 2011. In 2014 she was selected to deliver the AWM-AMS Noether Lecture. The title of her talk was Walking on Graphs the Representation Theory Way.
In 2014 at the International Congress of Mathematicians held in Seoul, she delivered the ICM Emmy Noether Lecture.
She was selected as a fellow of the Association for Women in Mathematics in the inaugural 2018 class.
In 2022, a tribute to her contributions to her field, "Gems from the Work of Georgia Benkart", appeared in the Notices of the American Mathematical Society.
The American Mathematical Society and the University of Wisconsin–Madison mathematics department posted remembrances of Benkart.
Selected publications | 75b4f344-e3f0-4157-a07c-86cfd433b8d1 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomasz_Na%C5%82%C4%99cz"} | Tomasz Nałęcz [ˈtɔmaʂ ˈnawɛnt͡ʂ] (
listen) (born 10 October 1949 in Gołymin) is a Polish historian, leftist politician, former vice-Speaker of the Sejm, a former member of the Social Democracy of Poland party (SdPl) In the past he used to be member of the communist Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR) (1970–1990) and later its social-democratic successor, Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland. In the years 1993-2004 he was a prominent member of Labour Union. He left the Labour Union after SdPl was founded by Marek Borowski.
In 2003–2004 Nałęcz was also the chairman of the Sejm's special parliamentary inquiring committee which tried to unravel the Lew Rywin affair.
In December 2009 Nałęcz was selected as the SdPl's candidate for the election due to take place in autumn 2010. However, following the Smolensk plane crash which killed incumbent president Lech Kaczyński and brought forward the election to June, Nałęcz withdrew from the contest.
Works | 2eda4e6e-48ec-44e0-8463-0340c2667cdf |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationale_Walter_Benjamin_Gesellschaft"} | The first Internationale Walter Benjamin Gesellschaft [ɡəˈzɛlʃaft] (generally translated as "community" or "society"), here understood as "commune", was a founding within the 68er-Bewegung in Hamburg, at the time when the American Counterculture reached Europe's students.
Formation
Founded by Natias Neutert in 1968 and supported by Hubert Fichte and other cultural patrons, the institute worked until the end of 1973.
Goals
The institute sought to intensify the knowledge of Walter Benjamin's works. One important goal of the society was to propagate and promote Benjamin to a global prototype of theory of revolutionary change such as Marx. Another important goal was to combine Benjamin's elitist insights with the mass phenomenon of Pop music.
Re-Establishment
A globally orientated discourse has been launched by a new International Walter Benjamin Society in Berlin in 2000. It wishes to bring together "scientists and interested readers from all over the world" and organizes "large conferences every two years to Walter Benjamin, and related topics" | e6dca60a-5e9e-4274-8cea-0d211dfbf741 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Muhtadi"} | 14th Abbasid Caliph (r. 869–870)
Abū Isḥāq Muḥammad ibn al-Wāthiq (Arabic: أبو إسحاق محمد بن هارون الواثق; c. 833 – 21 June 870), better known by his regnal name Al-Muhtadī bi-'llāh (Arabic: المهتدي بالله, "Guided by God"), was the Caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate from July 869 to June 870, during the "Anarchy at Samarra".
Early life
Al-Muhtadi was the son of Abbasid caliph al-Wathiq. He was born in 833. Al-Muhtadi's mother was Qurb, a Greek slave. After the death of his father, Caliph al-Wathiq (r. 842–847) in August 847, there were some officials who wanted to elect the young al-Muhtadi as caliph, but in the end, their choice fell on his uncle, al-Mutawakkil (r. 847–861).
Background
Despite the successes of caliph al-Mu'tazz, He could not overcome the main problem of the period: a shortage of revenue with which to pay the troops. The financial straits of the Caliphate had become evident already at his accession—the customary accession donative of ten months' pay for the troops had to be reduced to two for lack of funds—and had helped bring down the regime of al-Musta'in in Baghdad. The civil war and the ensuing general anarchy only worsened the situation, as revenue stopped coming in even from the environs of Baghdad, let alone more remote provinces. As a result, al-Mu'tazz refused to honour his agreement with Ibn Tahir in Baghdad, leaving him to provide for his own supporters; this led to unrest in the city and the rapid decline of Tahirid family. The turmoil in Baghdad was worsened by al-Mu'tazz, who in 869 dismissed Ibn Tahir's brother and successor Ubaydallah, and replaced him with his far less capable brother Sulayman. In the event, this only served to deprive the Caliph of a useful counterweight against the Samarra soldiery, and allowed the Turks to regain their former power.
Accession
By 869 the Turkic leaders Salih ibn Wasif and Ba'ikbak were again in the ascendant, and secured the removal of Ahmad ibn Isra'il. Finally, unable to meet the financial demands of the Turkic troops, in mid-July a palace coup deposed al-Mu'tazz. He was imprisoned and maltreated to such an extent that he died after three days, on 16 July 869. He was succeeded by his cousin Al-Muhtadi.
Caliphate
After the deposition and murder of his cousin al-Mu'tazz (r. 866–869) on 15 July 869, the leaders of the Turkic guard chose al-Muhtadi as the new Caliph on 21/22 July. As a ruler, al-Muhtadi sought to emulate the Umayyad caliph Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz, widely considered a model Islamic ruler. He therefore lived an austere and pious life—notably removing all musical instruments from the court—and made a point of presiding in person over the courts of grievances (mazalim), thus gaining the support of the common people. Combining "strength and ability", he was determined to restore the Caliph's authority and power, that had been eroded during the ongoing "Anarchy at Samarra" by the squabbles of the Turkish generals.
Al-Muhtadi faced Alid risings in the provinces, but the main threat to his power were the Turkish commanders. The dominant figure of the first months of his rule was Salih ibn Wasif, but he too failed to provide enough revenue to pay the troops. Although he executed the previous vizier, Ahmad ibn Isra'il, and his extortion of the secretaries (kuttab), his power continued to wane. His main rival, Musa ibn Bugha, used the opportunity to return from his semi-exile in Hamadhan, arriving in Samarra in December 869. There he constrained al-Muhtadi to take an oath to punish Salih for having robbed the treasures of Kabiha, the mother of al-Mu'tazz. Salih went into hiding, whereupon the Turks mutinied and almost deposed al-Muhtadi. They relented only when he promised them to pardon Salih, but when Salih did not appear, his soldiers began to pillage Samarra, until Musa and his troops scattered them. Soon after, Salih was discovered and executed by Musa's men. Musa thus established himself as the leading official of the government, with Sulayman ibn Wahb as his chief secretary.
Historian Khatib states that he adopted perpetual fasting from the day of his leadership until his murder.
Downfall and death
When Musa left to campaign against the Kharijites, al-Muhtadi took the opportunity to incite the people against him and his brother, Muhammad. Muhammad was brought to trial on accusations of embezzlement and was condemned. Although al-Muhtadi had promised a pardon, Muhammad was executed. This cemented the rift with Musa: the latter marched on the capital with his army, and defeated the troops loyal to the Caliph. He refused to abdicate, but tried to preserve his life and office by recourse to the religious status of the caliph, and the support of the people. He was nevertheless murdered on 21 June 870, and replaced by his cousin, al-Mu'tamid (r. 870–892).
Ja'far ibn Abd al-Wahid ibn Ja'far led the prayers at the funeral of the caliph al-Muhtadi.
Sources | d167161d-5b07-4133-9725-4aeb948f17a9 |
null | One ship and one shore establishment of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Standard, a term for a war flag: | c11ffb32-b079-4b33-92e0-ec7b3531d25a |
null | Adam Small (21 December 1936 – 25 June 2016) was a South African writer who was involved in the Black Consciousness Movement and other activism. He was noted as a Coloured writer who wrote works in Afrikaans that dealt with racial discrimination and satirized the political situation. Some collections include English poems, and he translated the Afrikaans poet N P van Wyk Louw into English.
Life
Adam Small was born on 21 December 1936 in Wellington. He matriculated in 1953 at the St Columbas High School in Athlone on the Cape Flats. He then attended the University of Cape Town where he studied for a degree in Languages and Philosophy. In 1963 he completed an MA (cum laude) in the philosophy of Nicolai Hartmann and Friedrich Nietzsche. During the same time period he studied at the University of London and the University of Oxford.
Adam became a lecturer in philosophy at the University of Fort Hare in 1959, and in 1960 he was one of the academic founders of the University of the Western Cape (UWC) when he was appointed as the Head of the Philosophy Department. In the early 1970s he joined the Black Consciousness Movement.
In 1973 he was pressured to resign from the UWC. This prompted a move to Johannesburg, where he became the Head of Student Body Services at the University of the Witwatersrand (Wits). He returned to Cape Town in 1977, where he was Director of the Western Cape Foundation for Community Services until 1983. In 1984 he returned to the UWC as the Head of the Social Services Department, a position he held until his retirement in 1997.
Recognition
Small was awarded the Hertzog Prize in 2012 for his contribution to the drama genre. Although the award was well received for being long overdue, some controversy arose because the Academy, in making the award, broke one of their own rules stating that the prize can only be awarded to a writer who has published new and substantial work in a specific genre during the previous three years. Small's last play was published in 1983. One of his famous poems is called "Doemanie."
After decades spent out of the public eye, Small, on 14 September 2013, received a hero's welcome at the Breytenbach Centre in Wellington, where he was guest of honour at the centre's Poet Festival. He read a selection of poems from his latest anthology Klawerjas. In 2015 a new drama, Maria, Moeder van God, was broadcast on Radio Sonder Grense's yearly art festival programme.
Literary style
Small is known for his use of the Kaaps Afrikaans dialect, which is primarily associated with lower-class coloured speakers. This choice was attacked by many of his contemporary critics, due to a sense that he was allying himself with (white) Afrikaans interests and that he was allowing the community's specific language to be ridiculed. However, this choice makes him something of a literary pioneer in Afrikaans literary history.
Small was also a member of the Sestigers, an influential South African literary group that was working in the 1960s. This group attempted to revolutionise the dominant literature by questioning the political, racial and sexual problems with the nation.
Works include | 781b1811-df7b-4b51-9577-a74497631331 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asni%C3%A8res-sur-V%C3%A8gre"} | Commune in Pays de la Loire, France
Asnières-sur-Vègre (French pronunciation: [ɑnjɛʁ syʁ vɛɡʁ]; literally "Asnières on Vègre") is a commune in the Sarthe department in the region of Pays de la Loire in north-western France. | 10f181f8-83a0-4988-b1ef-e3e1408d3b01 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Cowell-Stepney"} | British landowner and politician
Sir Emile Algernon Arthur Keppel Cowell-Stepney, 2nd Baronet (26 December 1834 – 2 July 1909) was a British landowner and Liberal politician. He was the youngest son of Sir John Stepney Cowell-Stepney (1791–1877).
Upbringing and career
Arthur Cowell was born on 26 December 1834. He was educated at Eton and subsequently became a clerk in the Foreign Office. In 1857 his father changed the family's surname to Cowell-Stepney following his inheritance of the Stepney family estates in Carmarthenshire. Arthur became heir to the estates, and to his family's new baronetcy, following the death of his elder brother Frederick in 1872.
Political career
In the autumn of 1864, Arthur Stepney was briefly mentioned as a possible parliamentary candidate for Carmarthen Boroughs following the death of David Morris, and a deputation sought to persuade his father to support the proposal. However, John Cowell-Stepney had already waived his own claims in favour of William Morris. Morris was returned unopposed a few weeks later.
In 1876 he was elected Liberal MP for Carmarthen Boroughs, the seat that his father had held from 1868 to 1874, and succeeded to the baronetcy on his father's death on 15 May 1877. He resigned his seat in 1878 but was again elected for it in 1886, serving until 1892. However, his contribution to Parliament was minimal. In local affairs he was a harsh landlord who kept his rent levels high, but he was also a great benefactor to local schools as well as the local library and Mechanics' Institute. The second baronet of the second creation of the Stepney baronetcy informally he was considered a continuation of the first and was thus known as the 11th baronet. Around 1880 Sir Arthur's estate measured 9,841 acres in Carmarthenshire (with a rent roll worth 7,047 guineas per year), with six acres in Berkshire, probably the house and garden of their Ascot property Woodend.
Personal life
On 24 August 1875 Arthur married Margaret Warren, fourth daughter of the second Lord De Tabley. Margaret was a close friend and confidante of Mary Drew, née Gladstone, the Prime Minister's daughter. The marriage initially seemed to be happy, and a daughter, Catherine Meriel (informally named 'Alcyone' by her mother) was born on 12 September 1876. (Aged five, Meriel was painted by Millais; she later married Sir Edward Stafford Howard.) Only a few weeks later, though, Arthur abruptly abandoned his wife and daughter, (but one presumes not his clubs, Travellers', Brooks's, Reform and St. James's) and went abroad, beginning a habit of extensive travelling and lengthy sojourns overseas that would last for the rest of his life. Margaret's supporters, including her daughter in later years, believed that Arthur was mentally ill. However, during his time overseas he acquired substantial estates in Australia and Canada (near Enderby, BC, where his estates were managed by George Heggie). He also spent much time in the United States, eventually becoming a citizen and ceasing to use his title. In 1901 he transferred the management of his estates to his daughter Meriel and obtained a divorce in Idaho. In 1903 Lady Stepney finally sued for a judicial separation, which was granted on the grounds that the Idaho divorce had no weight in English law. The extensive newspaper coverage of the case turned it into a media cause celebre of the Edwardian period.
Aged 74, Sir Arthur Cowell-Stepney was found dead on the railway station at Yuma, Arizona, on 2 July 1909, having apparently gone there to try to add a rare butterfly to his collection. | 05d1d601-d35f-4e14-ba52-15ee15c779db |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Scuzzies"} | The Scuzzies were a mid-1960s recording and performing group of 5 teen cousins from the South Bay, Los Angeles area of California. The group gained notoriety for recording a song, written by group leader Suzie Cappetta, entitled "Dave Hull The Hullabalooer" in the winter of 1964. The song was a tribute to a popular Los Angeles Disc Jockey Dave Hull, AKA "The Hullabalooer" who worked at KRLA, a 50,000 watt AM radio station in South Pasadena, California. Hull was more recently named one of the top ten greatest broadcasters in Los Angeles radio history.
Lineup
The core of The Scuzzies in 1964 consisted of 3 siblings, The Cappetta Kids, as they were known in earlier years. Suzie Cappetta, age 15, Michael Cappetta, age 14, and Robert Cappetta, age 11. Their two cousins, also siblings, Gale Chodkowski, age 14, and Paula Chodkowski, age 11, rounded out the quintet. Their recording of "Dave Hull The Hullabalooer" became a regional hit when the song made the Top 40 charts in Los Angeles by March 1965.
Scuzzies meet Dave "The Hullabalooer" Hull
Following a phone call from fifteen year old Suzie Cappetta and her brother Mike, Hull first heard his song when the 5 kids went to the KRLA Pasadena studios, during the fall of 1964, to perform the song for him in person. Hull liked it so much that he wanted to put it "On The Air" right away, so he instructed an employee to take the kids upstairs to their recording booth and record it onto an acetate disc. Hull used the acetate disc many times to air his song during the next few days that followed.
Named by Hull
Hull inadvertently gave the group their name when he introduced the song for the first time on his radio show as being sung by "The Scuzzy, No Good, Beat-Up, Bad Guys". Hull really meant it as a joke to humor his listeners, and the kids laughed and thought it was funny, so they adopted the name their idol had given them, but shortened it to "The Scuzzies", which was a very unusual group name for that time in music history, but Scuzzies fans seemed to approve of it.
Hit song recording
The Scuzzies finally had their chance to record the "Hullabalooer" song professionally when they were contacted by The Everly Brothers' road manager, Don Wayne, who happened to hear the song being aired one evening the way it was originally recorded at the radio station. So, under the direction of Don Wayne, together with Bob Field, friend and owner of California Recording Studios (CRS Records), and with a local back-up band "The Vibrants", who were the house band at the Cinnamon Cinder Club for Bob Eubanks. Prior to the recording, The Vibrants had consisted of Cassey Van Beek, Armond Frank, Bob Young, Jessy Johnston and Larry Britain. The professional version of "Dave Hull The Hullabalooer" was recorded, finished and pressed before the Christmas holiday season of 1964.
Production
Both sides of the record which was published through Edm Music, Initial Music were produced by Bob Field who was also of Pacific Record Distributors and Don Wayne.
Performances
As the Scuzzies, the quintet made television appearances on "9th Street West" with Sam Riddle in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California and "TV-8 Dancetime" with Bob Hower in San Diego, California. They were also featured in Bob Eubanks' "Cinnamon Cinder" and Casey Kasem's Clubs. One of the highlights for the Scuzzies in 1965 was when they became the opening act for "Sonny & Cher" at the Grand Opening of "Jamaica West Jr." in Torrance, California.
Beyond the 1960s
Group
In the decades that followed the 1960s, the Cappetta Kids stayed together as a family trio. They would go on to play in Southern California and Las Vegas. Headlining as "The Cappetta Company", throughout the 1970s, the trio was booked in the Reuben's Restaurant chain performing five nights a week. They also showcased in Las Vegas, Nevada in the casinos of The Mint and Hacienda Hotels, and continued to headline in major hotels, restaurants, and night clubs throughout the 1980s and into the early 1990s.
Individuals
Suzie Cappetta would work and record with various acts including Christian hard rock, R&B group Stevie & the Saints, and Jimmy Ellis. In 1993, Suzie Cappetta, at 44, had a bout with colon cancer. Five years later, she began to have heart problems leading to congestive heart failure, which caused her health to decline more rapidly after the year 2000. Cappetta died on April 13, 2007, at the age of 58.
In 2007, Michael Cappetta joined and currently plays bass and sings in a Los Angeles-based band called The Working Poets.
Discography | cacff7df-575b-409f-b42b-b0a8d57e1318 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harlachinger_Quellbach"} | River in Germany
Harlachinger Quellbach (also: Siebenbrunner Bächl) is a small river of Bavaria, Germany. It flows into the Auer Mühlbach, a branch of the Isar, in Munich-Harlaching. | 6e7d2faa-77d9-4294-85fc-ddea96b5e6c8 |
null | Saskatchewan therapeutic photography club
The Pinehouse Photography Club is a therapeutic photography club in the northern community of Pinehouse, Saskatchewan, Canada. The club uses photography to engage area youth experiencing mental health issues.
History
The club was founded in 2016 by Dre Erwin, a Pinehouse primary care nurse who sought alternative treatment methods for local youth who were experiencing mental health issues. The club achieved notoriety in Canada following a 2018 Canadian Broadcasting Corporation documentary titled New Lens on Life. Additional media coverage resulted in donations of cash and equipment to the club from donors across Canada. Summarizing the club's method, in 2018 Saskatchewan's Advocate for Children and Youth wrote that "Pinehouse Lake youth have indicated that photography is a healthy outlet that helps with feeling lost or depressed. Looking at the beauty of nature through the camera lens generates appreciation for what they have, instead of focusing on the negative." | cba4587d-f372-4a4e-9b5b-df1b7ac9dd82 |
null | Village in Akwa Ibom, Nigeria
Mbe Ndoro is an Effiat Village in Mbo local government area of Akwa Ibom state in Nigeria. | ca0d8d0e-120d-424b-9b9c-7f8194751c8a |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebecca%27s_Wedding_Day"} | 1914 film
Rebecca's Wedding Day is a 1914 American short comedy film starring Fatty Arbuckle.
Cast | 1687b502-f7a5-49e2-8eab-62dcaae7902b |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvados%27s_3rd_constituency"} | Constituency of the National Assembly of France
The 3rd constituency of Calvados is a French legislative constituency in the Calvados département. Like the other 576 French constituencies, it elects one MP using the two-round system, with a run-off if no candidate receives over 50% of the vote in the first round.
Historic representation
Election results
2022
2017
2012
2007
2002
1997
Sources | 10abbb2b-6511-438e-bf05-1742946b6bb1 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Krawitz"} | US Air force veteran
Michael Alan Krawitz is a US Air force veteran, Executive Director of the non-profit Veterans for Medical Cannabis Access, researcher on the history of medical cannabis, and international advocate for cannabis policy reform with FAAAT think & do tank and the International Association for Cannabinoid Medicines.
Biography
Krawitz served in the United States Air Force from 1981 to 1986 as an Electronic Warfare Systems Technician and was a sergeant. He was stationed in Guam.
Apart from his military career, Krawitz has been involved in the United States, researching the traditions and historicity of cannabis in the country, as well as working to secure access and availability of medical cannabis for veterans, in particular with the United States Department of Veterans Affairs and has extended its involvement at the international level since the United Nations General Assembly Special Session on the world drug situation in 1998 throughout the 2020s.
Internationally he has been involved in the New-York NGO Committee on Drugs as Executive Committee member, as patient representative of the International Association for Cannabinoid Medicines. Krawitz is also policy adviser of the organization FAAAT think & do tank for his involvement around the World Health Organization and Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs international scheduling of Cannabis, being instrumental in the efforts leading to the withdrawal of "cannabis and cannabis resin" from Schedule IV of the 1961 Convention, in December 2020.
Krawitz is also working on the creation of Appellation of Origin and other intellectual property tools for traditional Cannabis products, both in the United States, participating as a board member of the Californian farmers organization Origins Council, and internationally as a registered observer to the World Intellectual Property Organization.
Since 2021, he has been member of board of advisors to the Virginia Cannabis Control Authority (Cannabis Public Health Advisory Council).
Publications | 924a69ae-a31a-44e7-b8cd-8d3492e598af |
null | The geology of Mongolia is made up a complicated array of microcontinents and island chains accreted together over the past half billion years, producing varied terrain and tectonics.
Tectonics
Mongolia has complicated tectonic and structural geology, belonging to the Mongolian-Okhotsk Mobile Zone, between the Siberian Platform and Chinese Platform. The basement rocks formed during the Paleozoic in the Precambrian as Riphean age ophiolite formations experienced rifting from 1.7 to 1.6 billion years ago and again around 800 million years ago. The closing of a late Proterozoic ocean generated the ophiolites and the oldest basement rock. The Baikalides and Altaid mountain belts represent the accretion of island arcs into the Paleozoic. The collision of small microcontinents like Amuria and the large collision between Asia and Gondwana in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic had a major impact on the region. Crustal extension created the Mongolian Plateau, while rifting, crustal thinning, block faulting and basalt eruptions produced terrain very similar to the Basin and Range province in the western United States.
History of geological research
Alexander von Humboldt and N.M. Prewalskii made the first geological reconnaissance of Mongolia. Russian geologists were active prior and after World War I, into the Soviet period, conducting expeditions into the Gobi Desert. The Russian Geological Exploration Expeditions from 1932 to 1937 discovered molybdenum, tungsten, tin, oil, iron, coal, evaporites and fluorite, followed by the activities of the Polish-Mongolian Paleontological Expedition from 1946 to 1949. Mongolneft, a state owned oil company launched in 1948. The Geological Prospecting Survey (renamed Ministry of Geology in 1961) was created in 1957.
Natural resource geology
Tectonic belts in Mongolia have a strong influence on where base metal ores have formed. The North Mongolian Metallogenic Province is part of the Mongolian Altai Caledonides, with a southern boundary at a deep fault near Bulgan. The East Mongolian Metallogenic Province covers two-thirds of the country and was highly influenced by Mesozoic magmatic activity. The South Mongolian Metallogenic Province is a third grouping.
Iron ore forms as metasomatic skarn deposits and together with manganese ore is common in the East Mongolian province. Hercynian and Caledonian ophiolite structures seem to control for chromium, titanium and vanadium. Lead, zinc, copper and gold mineralization across all three metallogenic provinces. The Boro ore zone traces the Changajn and Chentejn mountains in the East Mongolian province with gold deposits. Triassic and Jurassic igneous deposits hold many of the country's metal resources in the same province. Deep-seated faults host mercury deposits. Northwest of Muren, aluminum deposits are associated with nepheline syenite and sillimanite gneiss. Ophiolite belts often host secondary nickel and cobalt-nickel ores together with chrysotile asbestos. The Bulgan fault zone mylonite hosts azurite, malachite, chrysocolla and turquoise.
The Valley of Lakes is the center of Mongolia's extensive coal deposits, which date to the Carboniferous in the west and the Permian in the south. Oil is known from intracratonic basins in the southeast, centered around the Sajnsand oil field. | a0c86e30-3103-473b-8f00-7ced6fbc5c6a |
null | Sri Lankan politician
Ramaiah Yogarajan (born 13 June 1950) is a Sri Lankan engineer, politician and former Member of Parliament.
Early life
Yogarajan was born on 13 June 1950.
Career
Yogarajan was a member of the Western Provincial Council from 1993 to 1994. He contested the 1994 parliamentary election as one of the United National Party (UNP)'s candidates in Colombo District but failed to get elected. However, he entered Parliament following the assassination of Ossie Abeygunasekera and Weerasinghe Mallimarachchi in October 1994. He contested the 2000 parliamentary election as one of the UNP's candidates in Colombo District but again failed to get elected. However, in July 2001 People's Alliance National List MP K. Marimuttu resigned to take up a diplomatic position and Yogarajan replaced him in Parliament.
Yogarajan contested the 2001 parliamentary election as one of the United National Front (UNF)'s candidates in Colombo District but again failed to get elected. However, after the election he was appointed National List MP by the UNF. He contested the 2004 parliamentary election as one of the UNF's candidates in Colombo District but failed to get elected after coming twelfth amongst the UNF candidates.
Yogarajan, who was the Ceylon Workers' Congress' national organizer, resigned from the party on 30 December 2009 to support common opposition candidate Sarath Fonseka at the presidential election and joined the UNP. After the 2010 parliamentary election he was appointed National List MP by the UNF.
Yogarajan was one of the United National Front for Good Governance's candidates in Nuwara Eliya District at the 2015 parliamentary election but failed to get re-elected after coming 11th amongst the UNFGG candidates.
Electoral history | d99aeb1b-b998-4df8-9dc0-d2ebe47ce2aa |
null | Ontario Car Company was a freight car, passenger car, and horsecar manufacturer based in London, Ontario from 1872 to 1886.
The company was sometimes referenced as T. Muir after company manager Thomas Muir and London Car Works.
The facility was located on east side of Rectory Street north of Cabell Street.
Products
Ontario Car made wooden freight and passenger cars for various railways in Ontario and Quebec:
A small number of horsecars were made for smaller streetcar operators:
Ontario Car last made cars in 1886 and disappeared by 1890. | df119699-09fe-4765-a40f-bc63b5bac9f5 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerry_Penner"} | Canadian ice hockey player
Ice hockey player
Gerald M. Penner (born June 20, 1934) was a Canadian ice hockey player with the Trail Smoke Eaters. He won a gold medal at the 1961 World Ice Hockey Championships in Switzerland. He also played with the New Westminster Royals and Seattle Americans. | 3d98d4f9-6ccc-4967-a494-15610f5a2db4 |
null | Clelland F. Dodds (September 27, 1826 - July 27, 1894) was the second mayor of Bloomington, Indiana after its reincorporation.
The youngest child of Samuel and Rachel (Rheinhart) Dodds, he was born and lived on the Dodds homestead a mile south of Bloomington. At the age of 21, he formed a short-lived partnership with A. Helton in dry goods. In 1857, he returned to the family farm, but once again moved to Bloomington to open an insurance and real estate office.
In 1865 he was elected County Commissioner, and also served for two years as Perry Township Trustee. He was elected mayor in 1878 to fill out the term of C.W. Henderson, and was re-elected at least three times for two-year terms.
On July 31, 1851, Dodds married the former Mary E. Orchard, and they had twelve children. | b189ea27-19cd-4d87-ad0f-7e5e845aa075 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kornelin,_Greater_Poland_Voivodeship"} | Village in Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland
Kornelin [kɔrˈnɛlin] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szczytniki, within Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. | 89ef29d6-d424-4f46-bb98-31905a68324a |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1965_Christchurch_mayoral_election"} | New Zealand mayoral election
The 1965 Christchurch mayoral election was part of the New Zealand local elections held that same year. In 1965, election were held for the Mayor of Christchurch plus other local government positions. The polling was conducted using the standard first-past-the-post electoral method.
Background
Sitting mayor George Manning was re-elected for a fourth time, defeating his main opponent councillor Peter Skellerup of the Citizens' Association and two other candidates. Labour gained an extra seat on the city council, but lost it after special votes were counted. This left the composition of the council at seven seats to twelve in favour of the Citizens' Association.
Mayoralty results
The following table gives the election results:
Councillor results | c5576c0c-d146-45d0-b179-1d0755f4ff36 |
null | British TV series or program
Joe is a British children's TV series written by Alison Prince, first broadcast in 1966 as part of the Watch With Mother slot. The eponymous Joe was the young son of a couple who ran a motel; in later episodes the family had moved to the seaside, where they ran a holiday hotel. The show was produced by Q3 London.
Books based on the series include Joe and the Nursery School and Joe Moves House, written with Joan Hickson.
Episodes
Series One
Series Two | 55c97434-f4df-44ce-8a86-91b9edfcd4cb |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mendel_Art_Gallery"} | Art museum and conservatory in Saskatchewan, Canada
The Mendel Art Gallery was a major creative cultural centre in City Park, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. Operating from 1964 to 2015, it housed a permanent collection of more than 7,500 works of art. The gallery was managed by the city-owned Saskatoon Gallery and Conservatory Corporation, which also managed the Mendel's sister institution, the Saskatoon Civic Conservatory. In 1999, it was the 16th largest public art gallery in Canada by budget size and had the sixth highest overall attendance in the country. By 2010, it had more than 180,000 visitors.
Plans to expand the Mendel Art Gallery began in the 2000s, although they were later abandoned by the City of Saskatoon government in favour of establishing a new art museum. The Mendel Art Gallery was closed on 7 June 2015, with its assets divided between the City of Saskatoon government and the new art museum. The permanent collection of the Mendel Art Gallery was transferred to the new art museum, the Remai Modern, after its opening in October 2017.
History
The Mendel Art Gallery grew out of the Saskatoon Art Centre, which opened in 1944 in the Standard Trust Building and moved several times, the last time in 1963 to a back room on Fourth Avenue North. It was endowed by Frederick "Fred" Salomon Mendel, a refugee from Nazism who founded Intercontinental Packers (now Mitchell's Gourmet Foods, a unit of Maple Leaf Foods) and announced in 1960 that in celebration of his 20th anniversary in Saskatoon, he would give the city money to establish a public art museum. His gift was matched by the Province of Saskatchewan. In 1965 he also donated 15 works by the Group of Seven which became the nucleus of the permanent collection. The modernist building, which opened on October 16, 1964, was designed by the Winnipeg architectural firm Blankstein, Coop, Gillmor and Hanna of Winnipeg (now numberTEN architectural group), led by partner-in-charge Al Hanna and design architect Doug Gillmor, who won the design contest. The Civic Conservatory was built as part of the same project, at the suggestion of the then mayor, S. L. Buckwold. The building was extended in 1975.
On September 18, 2006, the gallery suffered smoke and water damage from an early morning fire in the loading dock area. It reopened nine weeks later with increased focus on national and international art.
In 2009, the Board of Trustees of the Mendel Art Gallery decided to replace the building, which had come to be too small and needed expensive upgrades, with a larger facility on a different site. A new gallery, associated with the Remai Arts Centre, was opened at River Landing, in south downtown Saskatoon, named the Remai Modern Art Gallery of Saskatchewan for the Frank and Ellen Remai Foundation, the major donors. The design, by Kuwabara Payne McKenna Blumberg Architects and Smith Carter Architects and Engineers, won the 2011 Canadian Architect Award of Excellence. The opening date was originally to be 2015 but was later postponed to 2017. The decision to close the Mendel Gallery and replace it, which superseded earlier plans for expansion, was controversial. Former mayor Henry Dayday called for a plebiscite on the new gallery, and made it part of his short-lived bid for re-election in 2012.
The gallery closed its doors on June 7, 2015, to begin the transition to the Remai Modern. The City of Saskatoon approved plans for the Children's Discovery Museum to move into the Mendel Art Gallery Building after the new art gallery opens. In early 2019 the Children's Discovery Museum was rebranded as the Nutrien Wonderhub and opened in the old gallery's space in June 2019. | 578e8bc8-66e9-42a2-b709-df7f788b6074 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrell_Burgess"} | Tyrell Allen Burgess (born 5 March 1986) is a Bermudian footballer, currently playing for North Village Rams.
Career
College and amateur
Born in Smith's Parish, Burgess began his career at North Village CC, before moving from his native Bermuda to Wilbraham, Massachusetts when he was 16 to attend the Wilbraham & Monson Academy. He played college soccer at NCAA Division III Rhode Island College in 2006, helping the Anchormen to an Eastern College Athletic Conference New England title with four goals and five assists in 18 matches. He transferred to Lynn University in 2007, where he was named to the NCAA Division II All-Sunshine State Conference (SSC) First Team as a senior. In total, Burgess tallied 14 goals and added 14 assists in 53 games for Lynn.
During his college years Burgess also played for Reading Rage in the USL Premier Development League, helping the team capture the 2008 Mid Atlantic Division regular season title, as well as the Eastern Conference playoff title.
Professional
Burgess joined the Vancouver Whitecaps FC of the USL First Division on January 30, 2009, after impressing during an open player combine held in Palmyra, Pennsylvania in December 2008. Burgess played in 23 games and scored one goal in his debut season, before being released by the Whitecaps on November 27, 2009.
Burgess returned to his home country in 2010 when he signed to play with the Bermuda Hogges in the USL Premier Development League.
In June 2010, Burgess was invited to spend a trial period with English Conference National side Gateshead. Burgess wasn't offered a contract by Gateshead, despite scoring the winner in a pre-season friendly against Harrogate Town.
International
Burgess is a full member of Bermuda national football team and has represented his country in 12 FIFA World Cup qualification matches. He scored his first goal for the senior side in a 1-1 draw with the Cayman Islands during 2010 FIFA World Cup qualifying game on March 30, 2008. Burgess has also played for Bermuda’s U-17 and U-20 national teams.
International goals | b72a50f5-92b1-438b-b35d-9a372907e6b3 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C4%B1r%C4%B1q"} | Coordinates: 41°08′54″N 48°37′35″E / 41.14833°N 48.62639°E / 41.14833; 48.62639
Place in Quba, Azerbaijan
Fırıq (also, Firik) is a village in the Quba Rayon of Azerbaijan. The village forms part of the municipality of Afurca. | d68835b6-b414-436a-855f-5ba45f3cdaea |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bothragonus"} | Genus of fishes
Bothragonus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Agonidae, the poachers and related fishes. It is the only genus in monotypic subfamily Bothragoninae. These fishes are found in the northern Pacific Ocean.
Taxonomy
Bothragonus wa sfirst proposed as a genus by the American zoologist Theodore Gill in 1883 with Hypsagonus swanii, which had been described in 1876 by Franz Steindachner from Port Townsend on Puget Sound in Washington, as its type species. In 1971 the Soviet ichthyologist Georgii Ustinovich Lindberg proposed that the genus Bothragonus be placed in the new subfamily of the Agonidae, the Bothragoninae, although this was not universally accepted. The 5th edition of Fishes of the World recognises the validity of the Bothragoninae as a subfamily of the Agonidae.
Species
There are currently two recognized species in this genus:
Etymology
Bothragonus is a combination of bothra, meaning "cavity", a reference to the deep pit on the nape, and Agonus the type genus of the Agonidae. 2
Characteritics
Bothragonus is characterised by haveing the head and the front part of the body having a rhomboid cross section with the rear part of the body being laterally compressed. The first dorsal fin and the anal fin are poorly developed. There is a row of bony plates located between the upper and main lateral lines and another row is located between the two lower lateral lines. There is an enlarged, spineless plate on the snout and the lower side of the head is armoured with a number of sharply spined plates. The sensory canal on the occipital is broken at its middle. The urohyal has no pelvic keel, there is a postpelvic spine and two epurals. These fishes have a maximum published total length of 8.9 cm (3.5 in).
Distribution and habitat
Bothragonus are found in the eastern and western North Pacific Ocean. They are found in shallow waters of less than 100 m (330 ft) depth and may be found in tidal pools. | dbe878e9-b189-410a-9720-2c4190da23e6 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superheat"} | Look up superheat in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Superheat may refer to:
Topics referred to by the same term | 8316521c-4d69-4a40-b3bd-bb2f476bec6c |
null | Class of planets with more mass than Jupiter
A super-Jupiter is a gas giant exoplanet that is more massive than the planet Jupiter. For example, companions at the planet–brown dwarf borderline have been called super-Jupiters, such as around the star Kappa Andromedae.
By 2011 there were 180 known super-Jupiters, some hot, some cold. Even though they are more massive than Jupiter, they remain about the same size as Jupiter up to 80 Jupiter masses. This means that their surface gravity and density go up proportionally to their mass. The increased mass compresses the planet due to gravity, thus keeping it from being larger. In comparison, planets somewhat lighter than Jupiter can be larger, so-called "puffy planets" (gas giants with a large diameter but low density). An example of this may be the exoplanet HAT-P-1b with about half the mass of Jupiter but about 1.38 times larger diameter.
CoRoT-3b, with a mass around 22 Jupiter masses, is predicted to have an average density of 26.4 g/cm3, greater than osmium (22.6 g/cm3), the densest natural element under standard conditions. Extreme compression of matter inside it causes the high density, because it is likely composed mainly of hydrogen. The surface gravity is also high, over 50 times that of Earth.
In 2012, the super-Jupiter Kappa Andromedae b was imaged around the star Kappa Andromedae, orbiting it about 1.8 times the distance at which Neptune orbits the Sun. | 16b47a60-ed67-4b96-ba62-a8f5aaadf7b7 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Sahara_Recreation_Area"} | Recreation area in Juab County, Utah, United States
The Little Sahara Recreation Area is a large area of sand dunes, hills and sagebrush flats located in the northeast corner of the Sevier Desert in Juab County in the west central part of Utah, United States.
Description
The recreation area is managed by the Bureau of Land Management of the United States Department of the Interior. A 9,000-acre (36 km2) portion of the northwest corner of the facility has been designated as The Rockwell Natural Area and is off limits to vehicles to preserve and shelter desert plants and animals. Although the entire recreation area is located within Juab County, the dune field (which covers an area of 220 square miles [570 km2]), extends southwest into Millard County, nearly as far as the city of Delta.
Geology
The Little Sahara sand dunes are remnants of a large river delta formed by the Sevier River from about 12,500 to 20,000 years ago. The river emptied into ancient Lake Bonneville near the present day mouth of Leamington Canyon. After Lake Bonneville receded, winds transported the sand from the river delta to the current location. The dunes are still moving 5 to 9 feet (1.5 to 2.7 m) per year. One of the primary barriers to the sand movement are the Sand Hills, which are located entirely within the recreation area and substantially slow the movement of the blowing sand.
The sand consists of quartz grains, with minor amounts of feldspar, biotite, calcite, garnet and magnetite.
Recreation
Little Sahara is one of the most popular locations in the state for all-terrain vehicle (ATV) riding. Riders can enjoy riding on 60,000 acres (240 km2) of sand dunes, trails and sage brush flats. Within the Sand Hills is Sand Mountain, a 700-foot (210 m) wall of sand that challenges experienced riders and the most capable machines. Visitors also enjoy camping, hiking, mountain biking, photography, horseback riding, snowmobiling, stargazing, trail running, sand surfing, sand skiing/snowboarding, paragliding, and sand sledding. There are 255 improved campsites spread across four campgrounds with access to 40 toilets and two sources for potable water. Dispersed camping is common outside of the campground areas. A visitor center is open Thursday - Monday, and closed Tuesday and Wednesday from spring - fall. The recreation area sees the highest number of visitors over holiday weekends from spring to fall.
Wildlife
The area is home to typical Great Basin Desert wildlife including mule deer, pronghorn antelope, snakes, lizards and birds of prey. Great horned owls make their home among juniper trees in the Rockwell Natural Area.
Climate
Little Sahara Recreation Area has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen: BSk) with cold winters and hot summers. | 743e1d3c-1fbe-4460-b358-008146f0914e |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Botolph_Building"} | Office in London, England
The St Botolph Building is a commercial office in Houndsditch, central London, opened in 2011 and designed by Grimshaw Architects.
It is one of a number of landmark buildings recently delivered or in development to the East of the Gherkin in the City of London ward of Aldgate, which together with the wards of Langbourn, Cornhill and Lime Street forms the centre of the UK insurance industry.
Two of the three main tenants, Jardine Lloyd Thompson and Lockton, are businesses with a substantial insurance broking component, which are therefore reliant on close proximity to the Lloyd's building and the globally-significant London market in insurance contracts that focuses on Lloyd's of London. The third main tenant, Clyde & Co, also has insurance ties as one of the largest insurance and reinsurance law firms in the world.
History
The previous building occupying the majority of the site was a modern municipal-style office block owned by the Post Office / British Telecom with some mixed-use street level retail units including banks, a betting shop and a Thai Restaurant.
Planning permission was initially granted in 1999. Developers Minerva went on to submit two further plans for the site, including one for what would have been the City's first million+ square foot skyscraper, also designed by Grimshaw Architects. This tower was rejected, and the original permissions revived in 2006, with some revisions.
The St Botolph Building
Designed by Grimshaw Architects and developed by Minerva plc with Skanska as main contractor, the Building is notable for the blue glass spandrels, pre-fabricated escape cores and a central atrium dominated by a steel structure on which a ThyssenKrupp "TWIN" lift system runs 16 lifts on eight tracks, a rare solution in the UK. The building's creative use of structural steel has been recognised by the British Constructional Steelwork Association's Structural Steel Design Awards.
Grimshaw Architects report that the brief was to create "a landmark building of significant architectural merit on a site that forms a key gateway to the City of London". The configuration of the central atrium and lift system affords the freeholder greater flexibility, permitting the later installation of bridges and access ways internally to meet changing tenancy needs.
The building's design and management processes include waste management and 'biomatics' to deliver a "zero to landfill" policy. Lighting throughout uses techniques including proximity detection to minimise unnecessary energy use. According to the property's managing agents CBRE, the Building has "achieved a BREEAM Very Good rating through its many sustainable design features". The City of London's Clean City Awards programme granted the building Gold Award status in January 2015.
Tenancy
The developer faced some controversy for its strategy of releasing 100,000+ square foot properties onto a depressed market following the Credit Crunch, but full occupancy was confirmed by 2012. The top four floors are let to law firm Clyde & Co, floors 9-3 let to insurance brokers Jardine Lloyd Thompson and floors 1 & 2 to insurance brokers Lockton.
Additionally, the street level houses mixed units including a coffee bar, a gym club and a metro supermarket space, all three let and with tenants trading with both building inhabitants and the general public. Total rental yield is estimated at £30m per annum.
The developer sold the leasehold for £460m in 2013 | 0adc88e4-db17-4395-aaab-d6c952cbf0e9 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_in_India"} | India-related events during the year of 2023
Events in the year 2023 in India.
Incumbents
National government
State governments
Events
January
Predicted and scheduled events
Deaths
January
February | 0cc48773-68a4-4c8f-8a11-093bd14eca97 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1994_Jeux_de_la_Francophonie"} | International athletics championship event
At the 1994 Jeux de la Francophonie, the athletics events were held in Bondoufle, near Paris, France. A total of 43 events were contested, of which 23 by male and 20 by female athletes.
Medal summary
Men
Women
Medal table
* Host nation (France)
Participating nations | 72a8ae14-4013-414a-94a5-dd6031350666 |
null | Menotec was an infrastructure project funded by the Norwegian Research Council (2010–2012) with the aim of transcribing and annotating a text corpus of Old Norwegian texts.
Description
The transcribed texts have been (and will be) published in the Medieval Nordic Text Archive, while the annotated texts have been published in the treebank of the PROIEL project, as well as being made accessible through the INESS portal. The funding for the project lasted for the three years 2010–2012, but the project work continues within new contexts.
As a first step, transcriptions were made of eight central Old Norwegian law manuscripts containing approx. 480,000 words. The transcriptions were made by Anna C. Horn, and afterwards proofread by several colleagues at the University of Oslo:
- Holm perg 34 4to (hand f, ca. 1276–1300), partly by the scribe Eiríkr Þróndarson (hand f), often regarded as the codex optimus of Landslǫg Magnúss Hákonarsonar (The Law-Code of Magnús Hákonarson the Lawmender) - AM 78 4to (ca. 1276–1300) - AM 302 fol (ca. 1300), by the scribe Þorgeirr Hákonarson - AM 305 fol (hand a, ca. 1300), by the scribe Þorgeirr Hákonarson (hand a) - AM 56 4to (ca. 1300), by the scribe Þorgeirr Hákonarson - Holm perg 30 4to (hand b, ca. 1300–1325) - AM 60 4to (hand b, ca. 1320), used as the base codex for Landslǫg Magnúss Hákonarsonar in the edition of Norges Gamle Love, vol. 2 - Upps DG 8 I (hands a and b, ca. 1300–1350)
All but AM 78 4to include Landslǫg Magnúss Hákonarsonar (concluded in 1276), and most of them also contain several other law texts.
As a second step, a full linguistic annotation was made of four major Old Norwegian manuscripts:
- The Old Norwegian Homily Book, Gammelnorsk homiliebok, in AM 619 4to (ca. 1200–1225) - The legendary saga of St Olaf, Óláfs saga ins helga, in Upps DG 8 II (ca. 1225–1250) - Strengleikar in Upps DG 4–7 4to (ca. 1270) - Landslǫg Magnúss Hákonarsonar in the above-mentioned ms. Holm perg 34 4to (ca. 1276–1300)
These four mss. have been annotated morphologically (adding the lemma and the grammatical form of each word) as well as syntactically. The syntactic annotation is based on dependency analysis, as this has been developed in the PROIEL project.
The corpus of these four mss. counts approx. 200,000 words, but will in the coming years be extended by at least ca. 50,000 words. Menotec is the first project offering a syntactic annotation of Old Norwegian. On the PROIEL site, the Old Norwegian texts will join a central Old Icelandic work, the Poetic Edda in GKS 2365 4to (a manuscript often referred to as Codex Regius). The Eddic poems have been annotated along the same lines as the texts in Menotec. Furthermore, several other Early Germanic and Romance texts will be found on the PROIEL site.
The Menotec project was led by Christian-Emil Ore at the University of Oslo, and included several other participants at this university, Karl G. Johansson, Anna C. Horn, Signe Laake, Kari Kinn, Dag Haug and Hanne Eckhoff. The University of Bergen was a partner in the project, and at this university, Odd Einar Haugen was leading the work of linguistic annotation. Also from Bergen, Fartein Th. Øverland, participated in the project, and from Iceland, Haraldur Bernharðsson and Eirikur Kristjánsson. The name Menotec is not actually an acronym, but is derived from the project name Menota (which in its turn is an acronym for the Medieval Nordic Text Archive).
Guidelines for the annotation have been published by Haugen and Øverland and are available in parallel versions in Norwegian and English, Retningslinjer and Guidelines. These guidelines explain the conventions of the morphological and syntactic annotation and also give a pragmatic introduction to dependency analysis for Old Norwegian, covering a wide range of annotation problems which arose during the project.
Further information on the encoding and annotation of Medieval Nordic sources will be found on the site of the Medieval Nordic Text Archive. Since the texts have been transcribed on a diplomatic level, some special characters are needed for the display of the texts. The encoding of these characters follow the recommendations of the Medieval Unicode Font Initiative, and several suitable fonts can be downloaded free of charge from the website of this project. | e3c5e5e7-4d2b-440a-a150-8ecac0e2cf08 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryga%C5%82%C3%B3wka"} | Village in Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland
Rygałówka [rɨɡaˈwufka] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lipsk, within Augustów County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Belarus. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) east of Lipsk, 41 km (25 mi) east of Augustów, and 73 km (45 mi) north of the regional capital Białystok. | 446d99e2-346c-4208-8efb-c1b52cb5a47f |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Charles_Bequaert"} | Joseph Charles Bequaert was an American naturalist of Belgian origin, born 24 May 1886 in Torhout (Belgium) and died on 12 January 1982 in Amherst, Massachusetts.
Career
Bequaert obtained a doctorate in botany at the University of Ghent in 1908. He was an entomologist, and from 1910 to 1912 he was part of la commission Belge sur la maladie du sommeil (Belgian Committee on sleeping sickness). From 1913 to 1915 he worked as a botanist in the Belgian Congo and also collected mollusks.
In 1916 he emigrated to the United States and was an associate researcher from 1917 to 1922 at the American Museum of Natural History. He became an American citizen in 1921, and taught Entomology at the Harvard Medical School. From 1929 to 1956 he was Curator of Insects at the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard, and was Professor of Zoology from 1951 to 1956 within the same institution.
Bequaert became president of the American Malacological Union in 1954. He left his post at Harvard in 1956. From 1956 to 1960 he lectured in biology at the University of Houston. With Walter Bernard Miller (1918–2000), he published The Mollusks of the Arid Southwest in 1973.
Memberships
He was a member of various learned societies: Zoological Society of France, the Entomological Society of America, the Belgian Royal Society of Entomology, the Belgian Society of Tropical Medicine, the Royal Institute of Colonial Belgium, Koninklijk Natuurwetenschappelijk Genootschap Dodonaea, and the Natural History Society of North Africa.
References in botany
Bequaert was formerly commemorated in the taxon Bequaertiodendron magalismontanum (Sond.) Heine & J.H.Hemsl. now known as Englerophytum magalismontanum (Sond.) T.D.Penn.
He was also honoured in 1993, in the naming of Normandiodendron bequaertii.
The standard author abbreviation Bequaert is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
References in entomology
Bequaert was formerly commemorated in several names of ants. Note that only valid names are listed (as of July 2016).
Aenictogiton bequaerti Forel, 1913
Anochetus bequaerti Forel, 1913
Azteca bequaerti Wheeler, 1929
Camponotus confluens bequaerti Forel, 1913
Cataulacus bequaerti Forel, 1913
Centromyrmex bequaerti (Forel, 1913)
Strumigenys bequaerti Santschi, 1923
Crematogaster bequaerti Forel, 1913
Dorylus bequaerti Forel, 1913
Monomorium bequaerti Forel, 1913
Pheidole bequaerti Forel, 1913
Phrynoponera bequaerti Wheeler, 1922
Tetramorium bequaerti Forel, 1913
References in herpetology
Bequaert is commemorated in the scientific name of a species of snake and two frogs:
Bibliography
He published over 250 papers; over 50 of them are about molluscs.
(incomplete) | 2fd39206-ae11-4ff4-b957-0d6225c2d1b2 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corneville-sur-Risle"} | Commune in Normandy, France
Corneville-sur-Risle (French pronunciation: [kɔʁnəvil syʁ ʁil], literally Corneville on Risle) is a commune in the Eure department in northern France.
Population | 1d44ae12-34f1-4b5a-9116-a2db52dbace2 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saalach"} | River in Germany
The Saalach is a 105-kilometre-long (65 mi) river in Austria and Germany, and a left tributary of the Salzach.
Course
The river begins, as the Saalbach stream, in the Austrian state of Tyrol in the Kitzbühel Alps at the Torsee lake below the 2,178 m (7,146 ft) high Gamshag. From there it flows initially eastwards through the Glemmtal valley, through Hinterglemm, then the ski resort of Saalbach – at the latest from there it is known as the Saalach – until it bends north at Maishofen. It follows the broad valley to Saalfelden, and meanders further on through the narrow valley between the Leoganger and Loferer Steinberge and the Steinernes Meer to Lofer in north-western direction. There it enters a narrow gorge, famous for its white water rafting. Crossing the border to Bavaria (Germany) at Melleck (part of Schneizlreuth) it flows along the northern slopes of the Reiter Alpe known for its climbing routes. A short distance before Bad Reichenhall, a dam of a hydro-electrical power plant collects the waters of the Saalachsee [bar; de]. The power plant provides the energy for the railway line Salzburg, Freilassing, Bad Reichenhall to Berchtesgaden. Having passed Staufeneck, the Saalach leaves the mountains and enters the flat forests called Saalachau. From Piding on north-eastwards, the Austria–Germany border follows the river for some 10 km (6 mi) to Freilassing, at which it merges with the river Salzach.
The name has its origin from Saal, an old form of Salz (salt), and Ach which denotes a small river. | 6459f5a4-630b-40f3-a8d9-3ad0c81ed367 |
null | Robins Township is one of the three townships of Fall River County, South Dakota, United States; most of the rest of the county is unorganized territory. The township lies in the eastern part of the county. | 29078b07-b594-4fff-af59-b31407a8cc89 |
null | American college football season
The 1895 Ole Miss Rebels football team represented the University of Mississippi as an independent during the 1895 college football season. Led by H. L. Fairbanks in his first and only season as head coach, Ole Miss compiled a record of 4–1. The game against LSU was cancelled.
Schedule | 4079b612-3eb6-4768-b443-b6e5020eaa82 |
null | Sven Schwarz may refer to: | 7361e5a8-1e46-47ff-b893-9655565c33b2 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hey,_Rube!_(band)"} | English electronica collaboration
Hey, Rube! is an electronica collaboration from Kingston upon Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It was formed by Stephen Mallinder, a founder of Cabaret Voltaire, and Steve Cobby, of The Cutler, The Heights of Abraham, Chieftain and J*S*T*A*R*S and half of Fila Brazillia. They play electronica and dub.
Formed in 2012, their debut release came the same year, on the electronica label Steel Tiger Records (based in Hull/Sheffield and established by Cobby with Sim Lister in 2006), with the album, Can You Hear Me Mutha?
On 26 October 2012, Greg Fenton wrote in Magazine Sixty, "The mere fact of a collaboration between Cabaret Voltaire’s Stephen Mallinder and Fila Brazillia’s Steve Cobby should speak volumes in itself... After all, Cabaret Voltaire where [sic] one of the UK’s chief instigators of electronic music from the late seventies, while Fila Brazillia carried the flag on into the 90’s and the 00’s [sic]."
In February 2013 the Electronic Rumours blog reviewed Can You Hear Me Mutha?, "Opening with the deliciously chaotic Rob A Bank Rob, which lobs frantic tribal drumming, ethereal chimes, Acidic bleeps and Mallinder’s Cabs rasp into a ring and let’s [sic] them sort things out amongst themselves, the album drops Mengi Dem Disco Leggi. A broken Balearic Boogie, like a Mediterranean robotic assault... Considering a few days ago we didn’t know this record existed, we are very glad to have been introduced to it. A glorious example of what happens when two talents are left to create freely."
The track "Mengi Dem Disco Leggi" from the album Can You Hear Me Mutha? was featured on Lauren Laverne's national radio show on (BBC Radio 6 Music).
Discography
Albums | 64b0a20e-8e02-4f94-838a-c6b048bcb2b0 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Seure"} | Commune in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France
Le Seure (French pronunciation: [lə sœʁ]) is a commune in the Charente-Maritime department in southwestern France.
Population | 76633c85-f3ec-4ecd-858e-e0a14ead1431 |
null | British zoologist
Michael Stuart Laverack MIB FRSE (19 March 1931 – 28 July 1993) was a British zoologist who was Director of the Gatty Marine Laboratory from 1969 to 1985. He emigrated to Australia and was noted for his contributions to marine biology.
Life
He was born in Croydon in outer London on 19 March 1931. He was educated at Selhurst Grammar School for Boys in Surrey. He was evacuated from London as a schoolboy during the Second World War. He did National Service in the RAF from 1949 to 1951, then studied Zoology at the University of Southampton, graduating BSc in 1955. He studied under Prof Gerald A. Kerkut and Prof K. A. Munday who greatly influenced his field of interest. His thesis on the snail helix under Prof Kerkut gained him his doctorate (PhD) in 1959.
His first job was as Scientific Officer to Merlewood Research Centre at Grange-over-Sands in Cumbria, but from here he moved in 1960 to begin lecturing at St Andrews University. Here he was based at the Gatty Marine Laboratory with fellow notable researchers Malcolm Burrows and Adrian Horridge.
In 1972 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were David R. R. Burt, Harold Callan, James A. Macdonald, and Anthony E. Ritchie.
In 1979 he founded the Department of Marine Biology together with Chris Todd. During his time in St Andrews University he lived at Boarhills, a small coastal village to the south.
In 1985 he left the Gatty and spent several years as a travelling professor giving lectures around the world. In 1989 he accepted a Fellowship at the University of Melbourne in Australia and moved there with his wife, keen to study Australia's diverse marine life.
He was killed on 28 July 1993 in a helicopter crash en route to Heron Island Research Station embarking on a further study of the Great Barrier Reef. His wife Maureen Cole was killed with him. They had two sons and one daughter.
A Memorial Gathering was held in January 1994 at Crail Community Centre to mark the huge contribution which Michael had made both to his field and to the local community.
Publications
Founding Editor of Marine Behaviour and Physiology | 3ddebe0b-b807-4a5b-81f5-1e8cb2d2e09a |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valeriy_Ivaschenko"} | Ukrainian politician
Valerii Ivashchenko (Ukrainian: Валерій Іващенко) (* 30 July 1956, Zaporizhia) — Deputy Minister of Defense of Ukraine in 2007–2009, Acting Minister from 2009 to 2010. Colonel stock.
Biography
Ivashchenko born 30 July 1956 in Zaporizhia. In 1978 he graduated from the Military Engineering Academy named after Mozhaiskogo. His service began at the spaceport "Baikonur."
From 1978 to 1993, he served in military engineering and command positions in spaceport "Baikonur" and "Plesetsk." In 1993 he graduated from the Military Academy. Dzerzhinsky. In 1993–1995, served on the positions at the headquarters of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine arms.
From 1995 to 1996 — Head of the Center of Administrative Management Group's strategic nuclear forces of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine. From 1996 to 2000, he worked in the Office of Military mobilization work and law enforcement agencies of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.
In 2000–2001 — State Expert management of foreign national security aspects of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine. From 2001 to 2003, served as head of the department of the State Committee on Military-Industrial Complex of Ukraine.
From 2003 to 2005 — Head of the Department of Defence and Industry Policy Secretariat of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. In 2005 — Deputy Head of the Department of Industrial Policy of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.
In 2005–2007 — Deputy Head of service security and defense policy — Head of the Defence Office of the President of Ukraine.
From October 2007 to June 2009, he was Deputy Minister of Defence of Ukraine. Following the resignation of Yekhanurov order from the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 604-r dated 5 June 2009 was appointed First Deputy Minister of Defence of Ukraine in March 2010, and served as Minister of Defense of Ukraine.
From November 2012 to November 2019, he lived in Denmark, Copenhagen and worked at the Royal Danish Defense Academy.
From August 2020 to September 2021 – First Deputy Minister of Strategic Industries of Ukraine.
He is married. He has a son and a daughter.
The criminal case
21 August 2010, Ivashchenko was detained by the Military Prosecutor. He was accused of illegally deciding on Sale of Assets Feodosia ship & mechanical plant. 24 August he was arrested.
In June 2011, Ivashchenko announced an indefinite hunger strike in protest against the bias of the panel of judges, but soon stopped the hunger strike due to health. Ivashchenko Lawyers filed a complaint with the European Court of Human Rights iin relation to a violation of pre-trial and during the trial. In an interview with "Kommersant" Ivashchenko said he had no relation to the sale of property alienation and CRS.
On April 12, 2012, he was a district court in Kyiv sentenced to five years imprisonment. [2]
Ivashchenko said that his case was fabricated by former Deputy Attorney General Vitaly Shchetkin.
The USA and the European Union criticized the judgment and spoke of "selective justice". [3]
A European Parliament mission led by former Polish President Aleksander Kwaśniewski investigated several trials and criminal judgments in Ukraine in the summer of 2012 (including those against Iwaschtschenko and against Julija Tymoshenko and Yuriy Lutsenko) and criticized the Ukrainian judiciary in the process. [4]
On August 14, 2012, an appellate court reduced Ivashchenko's sentence to a one-year prison sentence, which was suspended and released from custody in the courtroom.
Ivashchenko fled to Denmark, and in January 2013, the Danish government granted him and his wife political asylum.
On April 4, 2014, the court of first instance, in the same composition as on 12 April 2012, canceled its sentence for Ivashchenko. | fa016352-cfa0-425c-94d7-5a1ebf6f5731 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyksesund"} | Body of water
Fyksesund (English: Fykse Sound) is a fjord in the municipality of Kvam in Vestland county, Norway. The 11-kilometre (6.8 mi) long fjord is a branch of the main Hardangerfjorden. It sits between the villages of Øystese and Ålvik, and it is surrounded by the Fyksesund Landscape Park. The fjord is spanned by the Fyksesund Bridge, which was opened by Crown Prince Olav in 1937. | 3fa4db6e-1dc5-41fd-add7-591402f2c95a |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_204/205"} | American helicopter series
The Bell 204 and 205 are the civilian versions of the UH-1 Iroquois single-engine military helicopter of the Huey family of helicopters. They are type-certificated in the transport category and are used in a wide variety of applications, including crop dusting, cargo lifting and aerial firefighting.
Development
Bell designed its Model 204 in response to a 1955 United States Army requirement for a utility helicopter. The 204 was a giant step forward in helicopter design, being one of the first to be powered by a turboshaft. The turboshaft engine radically improved the practicality of the helicopter due to its light weight and high power-to-weight ratio, lower fuel consumption, and lower maintenance and operating costs. The use of a turboshaft in the 204 allowed it to carry a useful payload over respectable ranges and at reasonable speeds, which resulted in the 204 and subsequent 205 becoming the most successful western helicopter series in terms of numbers built.
The civil 204B was first delivered in 1961. The subsequent Model 205A-1 is equivalent to the UH-1H, which, compared to the 204, is longer, larger, and has better performance and a more powerful engine.
Over 60 civil Model 204B helicopters had been delivered by 1967, while further examples were built by Agusta-Bell until 1973. 12,000 Model 205s (including civil 205A-1s) were built by Bell and Agusta-Bell up to the early 1980s. Numerous ex-military 204s and 205s were converted for commercial use.
Variants
Bell 204
Bell Helicopter's company designation of the UH-1B.
Bell 205
Bell Helicopter's company designation of the UH-1H.
Experimental models
Upgrades
Derivatives
Operators
Military operators
For all military operators, regardless of the actual model, see List of UH-1 Iroquois operators
Government operators
Canada
Iran
Thailand
Taiwan
United States
Specifications (204B)
Data from The International Directory of Civil Aircraft
General characteristics
Performance
Bibliography
The initial version of this article was based on a public domain article from Greg Goebel's Vectorsite. | 652c49f4-bac8-4ba6-a810-56626ed1d74f |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Val%C3%B3_Vil%C3%A1g_(season_9)"} | Season of television series
Való Világ 9, also known as Való Világ 9 powered by Big Brother, is the ninth season of the Hungarian reality television series Való Világ aired by RTL II. It is the second season based on the Big Brother license.
The show started on 4 November 2018. Anikó Nádai and Peti Puskás as the main hosts. Éva Baukó, who finished third in the Való Világ 4 and Győző Gáspár co-host the spin-off show BeleValóVilág. The show is scheduled for four months and was end in February 2019.
The daily show broadcast on RTL II at 22:00 from Monday to Saturday, 20:00 on Sunday. Followed by the spin-off show BeleValóVilág.
Compared to the previous seasons, it would be an innovation that the contestants able to communicate with the outside world for the first time in the Való Világ history, and they would appear on RTL Klub web site several times.
Villa residents
Selections table
Danger Zone
Immune/Exempt
Villa master
Villa Master
Superpower
As in season 7, superpowers return to get villa residents a boost.
Sympathy vote
Like previous seasons, the viewers could vote, which is the most likeable villa resident. In this season, according to the votes of the viewers, the villa resident with the lowest number of votes are in the Danger Zone, from which the Villa Master decides who to leave the villa. The two villa residents with fewest votes were Adri and Cintike. Roli, as the Villa Master, chose Cintike to leave the villa, and Adri was under protection for the upcoming selection and challenge. After Cintike left, two new villa residents moved in, Vivien and Lacika, who also under protection during the upcoming selection and challenge.
Villa Master
Weekly themes
Civilization Week
This week, the villa residents lived on different historical ages. All 3 teams started in prehistoric times, during the tasks they could move up to the Middle Ages, then the winning team could go to modern times. The winner's prize was to read a compilation of the audience's comments.
- Winning tribe
School Week
This week, the villa residents had to study poetry, music, Hungarian literature and grammar, geography and mathematics in accordance with high school education and had to participate in physical education and ethics classes.
The villa residents were classified into a normal or catch-up group based on their performance at the beginning of the week and in the mid-week. Roli became the best student of the week, and the most developed students became Csoki and Hunor. Their prize was night outside the villa.
- Winners of the week
Social Media Days
This week, the villa residents had to fulfil various tasks, which had to be recorded with a camera. Viewers could express their opinions with "like" and "dislike" on social media. Viewers could vote for who performed best during the week. At the end of each day, the audience decided the winner was Csoki. His prize is host BeleValóVilág with Éva Baukó. But later, Csoki was removed from the show. Instead, Zsuzsu, the second place of the week took his prize.
Fitness Week
- Winning couples
Hierarchy Week
This week, the villa residents had to behave like they were living in a kingdom. They had to make rules, and they had to complete all the king's or queen's orders. Because "I am the King" is Lacika's superpower, he became the King. The king could chose a chancellor to set up a hierarchy. Every villa residents had to execute the orders of his co-worker. The villa residents were obliged to comply with the rules set in the "Villabulla" during the thematic week. The king was also able to impose penalties on his companions.
Villér week
- The winner of the week
NNB Box Week
Like the thematic week in the 5th season, this week, the villa residents clashed with the stars of the Budapest series in a boxing match. The villa residents were all-weekly trained for coaching at the end of the week.
- The villa resident has defeated his opponent
Series week
This week, the villa resident had to shoot a five-part series. The director was different every day. | 17100c1d-900a-4818-ae2a-6d2202f9ec86 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil"} | Look up Gil or gil in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Gil or GIL may refer to:
Places
People
Fiction
Politics
Transport
Other uses | 12ff7844-13b4-4929-bf59-e4e3a0bd874b |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodosilane"} | Chemical compound
Iodosilane is a chemical compound of silicon, hydrogen, and iodine. It is a colorless monoclinic crystal of space group P21/c at −157 °C.
Preparation
Iodosilane is the first product of the reaction between monosilane and iodine, the other products being di-, tri- and finally tetraiodosilane (silicon tetraiodide).
It can also produced by the reaction of phenylsilane or chlorophenylsilane with hydrogen iodide.
Properties
At low temperatures, iodosilant quickly reacts with [Co(CO)4]− to form SiH3Co(CO)4. | 609d53c8-fcba-4b3a-a78c-9689c5d4b485 |
null | Niazabad or Neyazabad or Niyaz Abad (Persian: نيازاباد) may refer to: | 5f02c295-a869-4e65-a041-12e30cd74a62 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulbophyllum_cylindricum"} | Species of orchid
Bulbophyllum cylindricum is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum. | 80106850-a369-4c73-b4c8-253f9502b24a |
null | Rwandan politician
Augustin Bizimana (1954 – August 2000, Byumba Province, Pointe-Noire) was a Rwandan politician who was wanted for his alleged role in the Rwandan genocide.
Born in Gituza commune, Byumba Province, Rwanda, of Hutu ethnicity, Bizimana held the position of Minister of Defence in the government of Juvénal Habyarimana formed on 18 July 1993.
After Habyarimana's assassination, Bizimana became the Minister of Defence in the interim government until mid-July 1994. Among his powers were control over the possession of weapons by the civilian population, and control over the Rwandan Armed Forces (FAR), the government's army.
Bizimana was charged with 13 counts of genocide, complicity in genocide, extermination, murder, rape, torture, other inhumane acts, persecution, cruel treatment and outrages upon personal dignity in connection with the Rwandan genocide. Among other crimes, he was alleged to be responsible for the murders of Prime Minister Agathe Uwilingiyimana, 10 Belgian United Nations peacekeepers, and Tutsi civilians. Bizimana was believed to be a fugitive until May 2020, when DNA tests showed that human remains from a grave site in Pointe-Noire in the Republic of the Congo belonged to Bizimana. He was believed to have died in Pointe-Noire in August 2000.
The Bizimana death constitutes a "great disappointment" for the survivors of the genocide, reacted Alain Gauthier, head of an association of victims of genocides in France. | 166a311a-3716-4560-9218-82ea0ccf3983 |
null | The word Rhodia may refer to:
Topics referred to by the same term | 9430ff33-94cf-424f-90a2-7f3f02f8744a |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aucazein"} | Commune in Occitanie, France
Commune in Occitania, France
Aucazein (French pronunciation: [okazɛ̃]; Occitan: Aucasenh) is a commune in the Ariège department in the Occitanie region of south-western France.
The inhabitants of the commune are known as Aucazénois.
Geography
Aucazein is located in the Ariège Natural Regional Park some 40 km south-east of Saint-Gaudens in a direct line and 20 km west by south-west of Saint-Girons at an altitude of 570 metres. Access to the commune is by road D 618 from Orgibet in the west which passes through the north of the commune and the village and continues east to Argein. Most of the land area of the commune is rugged and forested however the valley where the village is located has some farmland.
The Bouigane river flows east along the valley and through the village on its way to join the Lez at Audressein. The Ruisseau de Cassech forms the western border of the commune as it flows north to join the Bouigane. Similarly La Rivière forms the eastern border of the commune and also joins the Bouigane. The Ruisseau de Recoule flows from the north and passes through the commune for a short distance before joining the Bouigane.
Neighbouring communes and villages
History
The commune is located on the Way of St. James which crosses Ariège. The Knights Templar built a Romanesque chapel in the commune.
Administration
List of Successive Mayors
Demography
In 2017 the commune had 59 inhabitants.
Sites and monuments
The commune has one site that is registered as a historical monument:
The commune has some other sites of interest: | d1691629-9179-4aa3-bf2f-53bc977a064f |
null | The Dome RC82 was a Group C sports racing car built by Dome in 1982 for the 24 Hours of Le Mans. Initially fitted with a 3.3-litre Cosworth DFL V8 engine, the car finished its life fitted with an 8-litre Chevrolet V8 engine. March Engineering built the chassis, and one car was built. The car would prove to be unsuccessful, as it never finished a race, and was replaced by the marginally more successful Dome RC83 the following year.
Racing history
Works career (1982–1983)
In 1982, Dome built the RC82 as their first effort in the new Group C category of sports car racing. The chassis was built by March Engineering, whilst the engine was a 3.3-litre Cosworth DFL V8 engine. Dome, with sponsorship from Amada, debuted the car at the 1982 6 Hours of Silverstone, and selected Chris Craft, Raul Boesel and Eliseo Salazar to drive it. It would not prove to be a successful debut, as the car succumbed to fuel pressure issues after 116 laps. Dome then entered Craft and Salazar at the 24 Hours of Le Mans, but the suspension mounting failed after 85 laps, and the team were forced to retire. The RC82 was not used again until the 1983 24 Hours of Le Mans; Nick Mason joined the team, but the car lasted 75 laps before succumbing to clutch failure. Following the race, the RC83 made its debut in the 1000 km of Fuji, with the factory phasing out the RC82.
Private teams (1984–1988)
Dome then sold the car to Dorset Racing, and the car returned to action in the 1984 1000 km of Silverstone, where Richard Jones, Mark Galvin and John Williams were selected to drive it; this time, a valve in the Cosworth DFL engine broke after 46 laps, and the team retired. Nick Faure replaced Williams for the 24 Hours of Le Mans, but the RC82's woeful reliability record continued, as the oil pressure dropped in the engine, forcing the team out after 156 laps. Dorset Racing attempted to run Martin Birrane and Tony Birchenhough at both the 1985 24 Hours of Le Mans and the 1985 1000 km of Hockenheim, but did not attend either race. The team made one final attempt to run the RC82 at the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1986, but again failed to make the race.
Mark Hales then bought the car, fitted it with a Chevrolet V8 engine, and attempted to run it twice in the Thundersports series 1987, at the Oulton Park and Donington Park rounds, but this never happened. In 1988, the RC82 was used in a race weekend for the first time in four years, as Hales entered himself and Bill Hall in the car at the Oulton Park round of the Thundersports series, under the Direct Car Phones banner; the 8-litre Chevrolet V8 engine failed, and prevented the team from starting the race. The car's last ever entry came at the Brands Hatch round of the Thundersports series, but the team did not attend the event, and the RC82's career ended with it never having finished a race. | abe418b1-0d4b-4a38-9a78-7a9a78816d24 |
null | Japanese photojournalist and media producer
Naonori Kohira (小平 尚典, Kohira Naonori) is a Japanese photojournalist and media producer who was one of the first exclusive photographers for the Japanese magazine Focus when it was launched. In 1985, he was the first photojournalist to reach the crash site of the Japan Airlines' jumbo jet crash, which resulted in the deaths of 520 people.
Career
Kohira graduated from College of Art, Nihon University completing his bachelor's degree in photography in 1976. After his graduation, he flew to the United Kingdom and stayed there for about a year. During his stay there, he roamed about Europe, visiting many European countries.
Kohira came back to Japan in 1977, where he worked for various magazines as an editorial photographer. Meanwhile, he pursued his aspiration for being a photojournalist and got involved in the launch of a Japanese magazine called Focus. He became one of the magazine’s exclusive photographers.
In 1987, Kohira moved to Los Angeles with his family, where he worked as a global photojournalist until he came back to Japan in 2009. He later became a media producer. Kohira now lives in Tokyo. He is CEO of Kohira Persons Project Co. Inc., Director of Octavia Records Inc., and Executive Director of the Gohan Society Tokyo Bureau.
Episodes
During his stay in UK, Kohira met Malcolm McLaren in London and was asked to do a photo shoot for Sex Pistols before their debut.[citation needed]
At Focus, Kohira was initially a member of the Column section. After the fire at Hotel New Japan, he moved to the News and Affairs section.
When the Japan Airlines jumbo jet crashed into Osutaka Ridge in Gunma Prefecture on August 12, 1985, Kohira was the first photographer who reached the crash site. There he discovered the crash survivors. Six years later, he published a photo book ‘4/524’ in Japan and the United States of America simultaneously.
Kohira accompanied Masayoshi Son as a photographer when Son interviewed Bill Gates on July 23, 1987.[citation needed]
Kohira and Paul Saffo, who was then a Roy Amara fellow at Institute for the Future, traveled together in Japan and the US, thinking about how they should tell about the tragedies caused by the atomic bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki to the world in the next 100 years. After this trip, Kohira published a book ‘Gembaku no Kiseki’ from the Japanese province of Shogakukan.
Kohira met Tomoyoshi Ezaki, a recording producer, in Vienna. This encounter has led Kohira to do over 200 photo shoots of classic CD jackets.[citation needed]
Kohira also organizes IT forums in Kokura, Kitakyushu, where he was born.
Kohira did the photo shoot for the book cover of Haruki Murakami's book What I Talk About When I Talk About Running.[citation needed]
Bibliography | 6249a333-d128-4702-a290-3c51f5a69240 |
null | The Manchester International Organ Competition was part of the biennial Manchester Festival. The Organ Competition ran from 1978 until 1986.
1978 - First competition
The First competition was held between 1 and 9 September 1978. The venues were Manchester Town Hall, Royal Northern College of Music, Manchester Cathedral, Birchfields, St. Ann's Church, St. Phillip's Church and Manchester University. The artistic director was Geraint Jones.
1980 - Second competition
The Second competition was held between 9 and 26 July 1980
1982 - Third competition
The third competition was held 6–11 September 1982.
1984 - Fourth competition
1986 - Fifth competition
After 1986 the Manchester International Festival continued biennially, but the organ competition was dropped. | 7a7e3d23-be0b-4b7f-9973-95f2cfd69422 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sal_Rosato"} | American football player (1918–1959)
Salvatore Rosato (June 6, 1918 – January 12, 1959) was an American football fullback in the National Football League for the Washington Redskins. He attended Villanova University. | 093d43da-1937-4b15-ba06-ebb5d6a69422 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg_Adam,_Prince_of_Starhemberg"} | Austrian diplomat, 1724–1807
Johann Georg Adam Graf von Starhemberg, since 1765 Fürst von Starhemberg (prince of Starhemberg) (10 August 1724 in London – 19 April 1807 in Vienna) was an Austrian diplomat, minister, chief chamberlain and close confidant of Empress Maria Theresa.
Life
Georg Adam was born in London as the fifth son to the Imperial envoy Konrad Sigmund, Graf von Starhemberg (1689–1727) and his wife Leopoldine, née Princess von Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort (1689-1763). King George I became his godfather. He had two notable greatuncles. Gundaker Thomas von Starhemberg (1663–1745), a financial expert at the court in Vienna who played a key role in the education of Georg Adam and Count Ernst Rüdiger von Starhemberg (1638–1701), the military governor of Vienna and leading figure in the Battle of Vienna and the subsequent Great Turkish War from 1683 to 1699.
In 1727, when Georg Adam was three years of age, he experienced the loss of his father who died at the age of just 38 years. Georg Adam received his education in Vienna conducted under the auspices of his mother and his greatuncle, Austrian minister of finance Gundaker Thomas von Starhemberg. Subsequently he did his Grand Tour; in the company of a mentor he visited a number of capitals and courts in Europe.
In 1742, at the age of 18, Count Georg Adam von Starhemberg joined Austrian civil service. In 1748, he was appointed 'Aulic Councillor of the Empire' (Reichshofrat) and became chamberlain (Kammerherr) of Archduke Joseph, the eldest son of Empress Maria Theresa.
The following years he travelled as an envoy to Lisbon, Trieste, Madrid and Paris where he met Wenzel Anton, Prince of Kaunitz. Kaunitz was married to Countess Maria Ernestine von Starhemberg (1717–1749), a granddaughter of Georg Adam's great uncle and educator Gundaker Thomas Graf von Starhemberg. In 1754 Count Georg Adam was sent to Paris as Imperial envoy and stayed there for the next twelve years. Along with Kaunitz he paved the way for a rapprochement between the Habsburgian rulers and France after a long-standing history of conflict. He tried to influence the French king primarily by Louis' chief mistress, the Marquise de Pompadour. The first meeting between the Austrian envoy and the marquise for this purpose took place on 30 August 1755. In 1756 the Treaty of Versailles was concluded with his participation. In Paris, Starhemberg also successfully negotiated the marriage between the Habsburg Archduchess Maria Antonia and the Duke of Berry, the future king Louis XVI of France. In 1770 he accompanied the archduchess to the first encounter with her future husband.
The same year he was sent to Brussels as authorised minister (minister plenipotentiary) in the Austrian Netherlands, since his predecessor Count Karl von Cobenzl had died in January of that year. One of the reasons that influenced the decision to send Starhemberg to Brussels was that Joseph II who had become co-ruler in 1765 had been disappointed by Starhemberg and now wanted to remove him from the vicinity of his mother, Empress Maria Theresa, in Vienna. Starhemberg remained the next 13 years in Brussels where he successfully stimulated the development of the provinces in the Austrian Netherlands in spite of the fact that Joseph had limited his powers. During the American War of Independence Starhemberg tried to establish trade contacts with the emerging young nation.
Georg Adam, Prince of Starhemberg also managed to found the first academy of the Austrian Netherlands in Brussels in 1772 by converting Count Karl von Cobenzl's 'Literary Society' into the 'Imperial and Royal Academy of Science and Letters' of Brussels with the approval of the Empress Maria Theresa.
Starhemberg returned to Vienna in 1783.
Count Belgiojoso became his successor in Brussels as authorised minister in the Austrian Netherlands.
From 1783 until 1807 Starhemberg occupied the position as Grand Master of the Household (Obersthofmeister) at the Imperial court in Vienna. However, his duties in this function had a more representative character without significant political influence except the period after the death of Joseph II from 1790 until 1797. In 1807 Starhemberg died at the age of 83.
Marriage and family
On 13 November 1747 he firstly married his cousin, Countess Maria Theresia Esther von Starhemberg (1731-1749), daughter of Count Ottokar Franz Jacob von Starhemberg (1681-1733) and Countess Maria Christine von Trautson-Falkenstein (1702-1743). She died however in October 1749 leaving behind a daughter Maria Leopodine who died in childhood in Paris in 1756.
In 1761 he married his second wife Princess Maria Franziska Josefa von Salm-Salm (1731-1806), daughter of Prince Nikolus Leopold vonn Salm-Salm (1701-1770) and his first wife Princess Dorothea Franziska Agnes von Salm (1702-1751). In the following year Maria Franziska gave birth to 2 sons :
Distinctions
He was decorated with the title 'Ambassador to the Emperor' for his diplomatic achievements in the relationship with France.
In 1759 he became Knight in the Order of the Golden Fleece.
In 1765 Count Starhemberg was elevated from 'Graf' to 'Reichsfürst' (Prince of the Empire). From then on he held the title 'Fürst von Starhemberg' (Prince of Starhemberg).
In 1767 Prince of Starhemberg was awarded the Grand Cross of the Order of St. Stephen.
Literature | d5512798-0862-4620-ace9-46f9162432fd |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991_NCAA_Men%27s_Water_Polo_Championship"} | Football tournament season
The 1991 NCAA Men's Water Polo Championship was the 23rd annual NCAA Men's Water Polo Championship to determine the national champion of NCAA men's collegiate water polo. Tournament matches were played at the Belmont Plaza Pool in Long Beach, California during December 1991.
California defeated UCLA in the final, 7–6, to win their tenth, and second consecutive, national title. Coached by Steve Heaston, the Golden Bears finished the season 26–1.
The Most Outstanding Player of the tournament was, for the second straight year, Chris Humbert from California. Humbert, along with six other players, was named to the All-Tournament Team.
The tournament's leading scorer, with 11 goals, was Steve Gill from UC Irvine.
Qualification
Since there has only ever been one single national championship for water polo, all NCAA men's water polo programs (whether from Division I, Division II, or Division III) were eligible. A total of 8 teams were invited to contest this championship. This was the first time that two non-Division I programs (Slippery Rock and UC San Diego) qualified for the same tournament.
Bracket
All-tournament team | 6d9f458f-90dc-4515-a418-47063ecc5752 |
null | The Westphalia Waltz is an historic Texas waltz by Cotton Collins, a fiddler with the Lone Star Playboys, named after the town of Westphalia, Texas.
The Westphalia Waltz melody is derived from a well known Polish tune that goes by several names, among them "Pytala Sie Pani" and "Wszystkie Rybki."
The waltz was later popularized by Hank Thompson on a 1955 Capitol Records recording. | acbf6897-1ca1-4478-8377-3797b056773d |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pterodactylidae"} | Extinct clade of reptiles
Pterodactylidae is a controversial group of pterosaurs. During the 2000s and 2010s, several competing definitions for the various Jurassic pterodactyloid groups were proposed. Pereda-Suberbiola et al. (2012) used Fabien Knoll's (2000) definition of the name Pterodactylidae. Knoll had defined Pterodactylidae as a clade containing "Pterodactylus antiquus, Ctenochasma elegans, their most recent common ancestor and all its descendants". Using this definition with the analysis conducted by Pereda-Suberbiola et al. (2012) meant that Ctenochasmatoidea was nested inside Pterodactylidae.
Classification
Below is the majority-rule consensus tree found by Pereda-Suberbiola et al. (2012), showing their preferred definitions of Pterodactylidae and Ctenochasmatoidea.
Other researchers, such as David Unwin, have traditionally defined Pterodactylidae in such a way to ensure it is nested within Ctenochasmatoidea instead. In 2003, Unwin defined the same clade (Pterodactylus + Pterodaustro) with the name Euctenochasmatia. Unwin considered this to be a subgroup within Ctenochasmatoidea, but most analyses since have found Pterodactylus to be more primitive than he thought, making Euctenochasmatia the more inclusive group. | cd0b8034-f956-4764-b408-f450f3a89664 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blello"} | Comune in Lombardy, Italy
Blello (Bergamasque: Blèl) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Milan and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Bergamo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 91 and an area of 2.2 square kilometres (0.85 sq mi).
Blello borders the following municipalities: Brembilla, Corna Imagna, Gerosa.
Demographic evolution | 3d94d23e-e555-4519-985d-bfc440f3c71c |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spoon_(liturgy)"} | Liturgical object for giving Communion to the laity in Eastern Christian rites
The Spoon (Greek: Κοχλιάριον, Kochliárion; Slavonic: Лжица, Lzhítza) is a liturgical implement used to distribute Holy Communion to the laity during the Divine Liturgy in some Eastern Christian rites.
It is also called a cochlear, Latin for "spoon". In Western Christianity (within traditions such as Anglicanism, Lutheranism, and Methodism) a perforated spoon is used to remove any foreign particulate matter that falls into the wine. It is one of the items, in Western Christian Churches, that lies on the credence table.
Purpose
In the Early Church everyone, clergy and laity alike, received Holy Communion in the same manner: receiving the consecrated Body of Christ (in the form of bread) in their hands and then placing it in their own mouth,[citation needed] and sipping directly from the chalice. In time, concern over the danger of crumbs being accidentally dropped on the floor or some of the consecrated Blood of Christ (in the form of wine) being spilt, lead to the use of tongs, with which the elements were mingled together and placed carefully into the mouths of the communicants. By the 9th century, the Church began to use the Communion spoon for the same practical reasons, and it is this practice that remains in place today (though the clergy still receive in the ancient manner as they stand at the Holy Table).
Usage
Byzantine Rite
In the Byzantine Rite, when it comes time for the Communion of the faithful, the Lamb (Host) is cut into smaller portions with the Spear and placed in the Chalice, and thus distributed to the faithful using the Spoon. In this way, the faithful receive both the Body and Blood of Christ, without taking the Sacrament into their hands. At the end of the Liturgy, the Deacon will use the Spoon to consume the remaining Gifts (Body and Blood of Christ), and then ablute the Spoon, Spear and Chalice using wine and hot water (the Diskos (Paten) is usually abluted only with hot water).
Since the Spoon is one of the Sacred Vessels it is usually kept on the Table of Oblation (Prothesis), where the bread and wine are prepared for the Eucharist. Often when a Chalice and Diskos are made, an Asterisk, Spoon, and Spear will be made to match them. Because it touches the Body and Blood of Christ, the liturgical spoon should be made of gold, or at least be gold plated.[why?][clarification needed]
The Spoon is also used to prepare the Presanctified Gifts at the Sunday Liturgies during Great Lent, and the Reserved Mysteries on Great Thursday of Holy Week. The priest will take up the Lamb in his left hand and hold it over the Chalice. With the Spoon in his right hand, he will pour some of the Blood of Christ onto the underside of the Lamb, where the cross had been cut with the Spear during the Proskomedie.
The Spoon, being a sanctified object, may not be used for any purpose other than the liturgical uses for which it is appointed, and no one of lower rank than a deacon should touch it.
Alexandrian Rite
After the priest has placed a piece of the consecrated loaf in the communicant's mouth by hand, the deacon gives the communicant the consecrated wine with the Spoon.
Maronite Rite
The Maronite Catholic Church stands as an exception, as the faithful are given Communion by dipping a part of the consecrated loaf into the chalice, usually held by a deacon, and His Body, intincted with His Blood, is then placed in the communicant's mouth by hand. The spoon is still often found as part of the ware of the altar, but is not normally used. This is also true for the Melkite Greek Catholic Church. | c06d376f-39e7-4711-9a89-5a36c4a3ac60 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taganduba"} | Village development committee in Province No. 1, Nepal
Taganduba is a village development committee in Jhapa District in the Province No. 1 of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2627 people living in 1513 individual households. | dab523f1-8eb0-4891-acc7-adea2a617069 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hey_You,_I_Love_Your_Soul"} | 1998 studio album by Skillet
Hey You, I Love Your Soul is the second studio album by American Christian rock band Skillet. It was released in 1998 as an enhanced CD from ForeFront Records and Ardent Records.
Track listing
All tracks are written by John L. Cooper, except where noted.
Personnel
Skillet
Additional personnel
Production
Music video
A music video was made for the song "More Faithful". It features the band playing in a room with lights all around, with various shots of the sky cut in to show the theme of the song. An example is the line, "You have been more faithful than the morning sun." This is the only video that shows John playing piano, and the last video before his wife Korey joined on keyboards.
Chart performance
The album peaked at No. 25 on the Billboard Christian Albums chart. | 6246cec4-de23-43ac-99b9-cb8a4a55833f |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolee_Carmello"} | American actress
Carolee Ann Carmello (born September 1, 1962) is an American actress best known for her performances in Broadway musicals and for playing the role of Maple LaMarsh on the television series Remember WENN (1996–1998). She is a three-time Tony Award nominee and a five-time Drama Desk nominee, winning the 1999 Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Actress in a Musical for her role in Parade.
Career
Carmello graduated from the University at Albany with a degree in business administration.
Carmello made her Broadway debut in a small role in City of Angels and returned to close the show in the role of "Oolie/Donna". She left City of Angels to take the role of Florence in the tour of Chess, from January 1990 to May 1990. She played "Cordelia, the kosher caterer" in the original Broadway company of Falsettos and also played Abigail Adams in the revival of 1776. In the Broadway company of The Scarlet Pimpernel, Carmello was a replacement in the role of "Marguerite St. Just". She originated the role of Lucille Frank in Parade at Lincoln Center, for which she won the 1999 Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Actress in a Musical (in a tie with Bernadette Peters) and was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical. Next Carmello played "Kate" in the Broadway revival of Kiss Me, Kate and "Ms. Pennywise" in Urinetown. She starred as "Gabrielle" in Lestat, for which she received nominations for the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical and the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical.
She appeared as Donna Sheridan in the long-running hit musical Mamma Mia! several times, joining the show initially in October 2004. She again joined the cast as Donna in September 2006, taking a leave from March 14, 2007, to May 13, 2007, to appear in an early version of Saving Aimee.
Carmello originated the role of Alice Beineke in the musical version of The Addams Family. For this role she was nominated for the Drama Desk Award and the Outer Critics Circle Award for Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical.
She took over the role of the Mother Superior from Victoria Clark in the Broadway production of Sister Act on November 19, 2011. In 2012, she played Aimee Semple McPherson on Broadway in the musical Scandalous, for which she received a Drama Desk nomination and a Tony Award nomination for Best Lead Actress in a Musical. She performed the role of Mrs. du Maurier in the Broadway musical Finding Neverland from March 2015 through February 2016 and was nominated for a Drama Desk Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical.
Carmello appeared in the role of Mae Tuck in the Broadway musical adaptation of Tuck Everlasting at the Broadhurst Theatre, beginning in April 2016. Following Tuck Everlasting's closing in May, she returned to Finding Neverland on July 5, 2016, for the show's last six weeks.
Carmello joined the US national tour of Hello, Dolly, playing Dolly Levi, from September 2019 to its closing in March 2020.
Theatre credits
Broadway
Sources: Playbill, BroadwayWorld
National tours
Regional
Off-Broadway
Sources: Internet Off-Broadway Database, BroadwayWorld
Concerts
Accolades
Source: Playbill
Awards and Nominations
Personal life
She is divorced from fellow actor Gregg Edelman. They have two children. She resides in Leonia, New Jersey. | 8121e972-bfae-4bfc-a34a-17a1a92fd9f5 |
null | Rains may refer to:
Surname
Places
Entertainment | 98530595-aff0-4460-bb90-4852949281b2 |
null | Swedish-Bosnian footballer
Emir Smajic (born 3 February 1989) is a Swedish-Bosnian footballer who currently plays for Västerås SK as a forward.
Career statistics | eec56bc9-9558-45bc-831b-50dd014c7fed |
null | County museum in County Waterford, Ireland
Waterford County Museum (Irish: Músaem Contae Phort Láirge) is a museum documenting the history of County Waterford. The museum is located in the Old Town Hall, Dungarvan.
History
The museum is run by the Waterford County Museum Society, which was founded explicitly to run the museum following a meeting convened in 1982 by the Dungarvan Irish Countrywomen's Association. It was first housed in Market House, but moved to the Old Town Hall in 1999. The Hall had originally been built as a grain store by a local merchant, Thomas Buckley, in the late 1700s. By the middle of the 1880s the buildings had fallen into disrepair, and was converted into a Town Hall and public library. The current façade of the building dates from 1909.
Contents
The museum and its collections aim to document, collect and preserve the history of Dungarvan and west County Waterford. The museum is split into two areas, one for the permanent collections, and one for temporary exhibitions. The collections include trophies, Cap Badges of the Irish Regiments (1914-1918), artefacts related to military history, and a coin collection. The exhibitions cover topics relating to local history such as the Famine, sport, the local Big Houses, the War of Independence and the Civil War, maritime history, as well as World War I and II.
In 2006, the museum received the Best Small Museum Web Site at the museums and the Web international conference for its digital archive of over 2500 images relating to local history. There was an extensive refurbishment of the museum, reopening in 2009 with extended exhibition space. | ad77b2dd-4e64-4b00-b163-7dcb66c0ca51 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Principalities_of_Glantri"} | Tabletop role-playing game supplement for Dungeons & Dragons
The Principalities of Glantri (product code GAZ3) is an accessory for the Basic Set edition of the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game. It is part of the Gazetteer series of supplements for the Mystara campaign setting.
Contents
The Principalities of Glantri details Glantri, a land of magicians. The book includes sections on living in the city and what it is like at night.
The Gazetteer describes the nation's cultural and geographic background, adventures for Glantri, and its special features, including the fantasy city of Glantri City and variant magic systems. The nation's economy is explicitly developed in accordance with the dominion rules from the D&D Companion Set, and the nation's armed forces are also described in War Machine terms (the D&D Companion Set's mass-combat system). The origins, objectives, and main personalities of each aristocratic house and clan struggling for control of Glantri's Council of Princes are described, along with the number of votes it controls in the council. The book presents the city's assortment of guilds and brotherhoods, such as Beggar's Court, the Elven Liberation Front, the Free Fundamentalist Farmers, the Monster Handler's Syndicate, and the Thousand Fists of Khan, each with conflicting interests and political machinations. The Gazetteer offers an elaborate view of the magic-user's career, focusing on enrollment in the Glantrian School of Magic, which permits a magic-user character to learn new skills, like quick spell-casting and the ability to combine spells. The Gazetteer also provides player character (PC) spell-casting specialties: The Seven Secret Orders of the Great School of Magic are the Alchemists, Dracologists, Elementalists, Illusionists, Necromancers, Cryptomancers (runemasters), and Witches.
Also provided are twenty suggested scenario ideas tied to distinctive features of the Glantrian campaign, including a four-page "graduation test"—a complete dungeon adventure designed to test magic-users hoping to graduate from the Great School of Magic. The 22" x 34" map is printed in color on both sides; one side is a political/terrain hex map of Glantri, with insets of two villages and an army camp, while the reverse is a map of Glantri City and its waterways. The map keys and building labels are not on the maps, so they can be shared with the players.
Publication history
GAZ3 The Principalities of Glantri was written by Bruce Heard, with a cover by Clyde Caldwell and interior illustrations by Stephen Fabian, and was published by TSR in 1987 as a ninety-six page booklet with a large color map and an outer folder. Karen Martin and Aaron Allston edited the book, and the graphic design and cartography was done by Dave Sutherland, Dennis Kauth, and Ron Kauth. While working for TSR, Heard arranged a freelance arrangement with them to write the Gazetteer, requesting to do a ninety-six page project because he felt that sixty-four pages would not be enough to detail the setting.
The Principalities of Glantri was the third in a series of Gazetteer books, each of which treats one nation or empire of the D&D game's Known World; it was preceded by GAZ1 The Grand Duchy of Karameikos and GAZ2 The Emirates of Ylaruam.
Reception
Ken Rolston reviewed The Principalities of Glantri for Dragon magazine #129 (January 1988). Rolston called Glantri "Quite an unusual D&D game setting", as it is a nation run by an aristocracy of magic-users, numbered among them disguised lycanthropes, vampires, necromancers, liches, and Immortals; and "a nation where religion is prohibited, and where being a cleric is a capital offense". Rolston commented that "Glantri City is the best-developed AD&D or D&D game city" he had seen, with the exception of Lankhmar as presented in TSR's Lankhmar: City of Adventure, noting that his favorite part is the similarity to Venice: "Glantri City has canals rather than streets, and travel is by bridge, gondola, or private boat". He also felt that the setting was visually "one of the nicest things from TSR in a long time", with its color map and the interior illustrations by Stephen Fabian, which Rolston called "strikingly ornamented and full of character". He concluded that "The Principalities of Glantri is well-written, nicely presented, and full of nifty and original suggestions for running a campaign in a land ruled by magic-users. There are plenty of ideas, tones, and themes to choose from, with a refreshingly flexible and spontaneous attitude toward introducing new rules and offbeat ideas." Rolston felt that the source of its greatest strengths was the focus on magic-users, although he ceded that dungeon masters (DMs) may hesitate to run a campaign in a setting where clerics are illegal but can be played covertly. He also felt that most of the ideas, characters, and settings could be used for the AD&D game, and that "no AD&D game supplement offers such a rich development of the role of the magic-user". | e4201bf3-038b-41cc-84e9-a421361b42f1 |
null | Java view technologies and frameworks are web-based software libraries that provide the user interface, or "view-layer", of Java web applications. Such application frameworks are used for defining web pages and handling the HTTP requests (clicks) generated by those web pages. As a sub-category of web frameworks, view-layer frameworks often overlap to varying degrees with web frameworks that provide other functionality for Java web applications.
Java view-layer frameworks often claim to support some or all of the model–view–controller design pattern.
At a glance
Servlet API
The Servlet API is the foundation of almost all Java Web View technologies. Servlet provides the basic mechanism for writing Java classes for web applications. Servlets can respond to HTTP requests, create cookies and maintain sessions.
Jakarta Pages (JSP)
Apache Struts
Apache Tapestry
Apache Tiles
Apache Wicket
Jakarta Faces (JSF) and Facelets
SiteMesh
Spark | 044fcbb9-f640-437d-beba-2c8cf542a8f9 |
null | Small near-Earth asteroid
2022 UR4 is a small near-Earth asteroid that made an extremely close approach within 0.044 lunar distances (17,000 km; 11,000 mi) from Earth's center on 20 October 2022 at 22:45 UTC. It was discovered about 14 hours before closest approach by the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) survey telescope at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii on 20 November 2022. During the close approach, the asteroid passed above the northern hemisphere of Earth and reached a peak brightness of magnitude 10, just 40 times fainter than the threshold of naked eye visibility. | 6f3305f1-ff37-4293-be06-ee2fcb0ecbd3 |
null | Havva Mammadova (Azerbaijani: Həvva Məmmədova; born 1958) is a historian, professor and an Azerbaijani politician who served as the Member of National Assembly of Azerbaijan from the 122nd Khankendi electoral district.
Early life
Mammadova was born in 1958 in Barda, Azerbaijan. She graduated from Khankendi Pedagogical University in 1980 and Academy of Public Administration in 1992. Mammadova has a PhD in History. In 1980-1990, she worked as a teacher at a secondary school in Stepanakert. When Azerbaijani community of Khankendi was expelled from the city, Mammadova became the internally displaced person within Azerbaijan. Since 1993, she has taught History at Academy of Public Administration in Baku.
Political career
Mammadova was elected to the National Assembly of Azerbaijan from the 122nd Khankendi electoral district during 2005 parliamentary elections. She did not run for re-election in 2010 elections for unknown reasons. Flora Gasimova replaced Havva Mammadova after receiving 55.1% of votes in 2010 elections.
As a native of Karabakh, Mammadova has done a lot of work with Azerbaijani refugees and IDPs. She had travelled to Georgia, United States, Europe to attend events related to Karabakh and meet with Azerbaijani diaspora. In 2006, Mammadova along with Nizami Bahmanov and Elman Mammadov formally founded the Azerbaijani Community of Nagorno-Karabakh Social Union in exile, representing the Azerbaijani community of Nagorno-Karabakh in negotiation talks. She's an author of three books on Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, including Khojaly: martyrs and princes: Armenian terrorism as an integral part of international terrorism
Mammadova is a member of Women Refugees Network. She is also Baku representative of newspaper New Europe.
Selected works | 1299a5e9-f203-4f76-94f4-5d7b267e6522 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treorchy_RFC"} | Rugby team
Treorchy Rugby Football Club is a rugby union team from the village of Treorchy, in the Rhondda Valley, Wales. They formed in 1886 and by 1891 were a strong voice in the Welsh Football Union and were playing in the Rhondda Division.
Club history
With the industrialisation of the Rhondda, the game of rugby spread through the valley as the growing population looked for social activities to become involved in. Although not the first club to form in the Rhondda, Treorchy provided the first international player to represent Wales while still playing for a valley club. In the opening game of the 1886 Home Nations Championship, Treorchy provided the first 'Rhondda forward' when Sam Ramsey was selected to face England. Although Ramsey would only win two caps, and the second took a wait of eight years, Treorchy would provide several players throughout their history, including Billy Cleaver who would eventually play for the British Lions In 1907, Treorchy was accused of throwing a rugby game against Aberdare, which gave Aberdare the Glamorgan League title. The resulting enquiry by the WRU saw the permanent suspension of Treorchy's entire committee.
As Treorchy finished in the top four of the WRU premier division during the 1994/95 season they were given the privilege of hosting that year's touring international team Fiji.
Club honours
Notable former players
See also Category:Treorchy RFC players
The following players have played for Treorchy and have also been capped at international level.
Games played against international opposition | 43baa816-2054-406e-9d0a-71d834362eb1 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharon_Lynn"} | American actress and singer
Sharon Lynn (born D'Auvergne Sharon Lindsay, April 9, 1901 – May 26, 1963) was an American actress and singer. She began playing in silent films but enjoyed her biggest success in the early sound years of motion pictures before fading away in the mid-1930s. She is perhaps best known for portraying Lola Marcel, the villainess in the Laurel and Hardy comedy feature, Way Out West.
Early years
Lynn was born in Weatherford, Texas. She moved to Fullerton, California, at a young age and was educated in Fullerton's public schools. Later she was a student at the Paramount Motion Picture School.
Career
After appearing in several silent films, Lynn debuted in talking pictures in Speakeasy (1929). After her best known film role opposite Laurel and Hardy in Way Out West, she made only one more film, a musical made in Britain, Thistledown, and then retired from the screen.
Personal life
On January 16, 1932, in Yuma, Arizona, Lynn married film executive Benjamin Glazer who died in 1956. She was also wed to John Sershen.
Death
On May 26, 1963, Lynn died at Hollywood Presbyterian Hospital, at age 62 of multiple sclerosis.
Partial filmography | 8b3f2036-40d4-4afc-b136-628c114e48ee |
null | Concept in history
The longue durée (French pronunciation: [lɔ̃ɡ dyʁe]; English: the long term) is the French Annales School approach to the study of history. It gives priority to long-term historical structures over what François Simiand called histoire événementielle ("evental history", the short-term time-scale that is the domain of the chronicler and the journalist). It concentrates instead on all-but-permanent or slowly evolving structures, and replaces elite biographies with the broader syntheses of prosopography. The crux of the idea is to examine extended periods of time and draw conclusions from historical trends and patterns.
Approach
The longue durée is part of a tripartite system that includes short-term événements and medium-term conjunctures (periods of decades or centuries when more profound cultural changes such as the industrial revolution can take place).
The approach, which incorporates social scientific methods such as the recently evolved field of economic history into general history, was pioneered by Marc Bloch and Lucien Febvre in the Interwar period. The approach was carried on by Fernand Braudel, who published his views after becoming the editor of Annales in 1956. In the second part of the century, Braudel took stock of the current status of social studies in crisis, foundering under the weight of their own successes, in an article in 1958, "Histoire et sciences sociales: La longue durée". Among the works which Braudel remarked on as examples of the longue durée was Alphonse Dupront's study of the long-standing idea in Western Europe of a crusade, which extended across diverse European societies far beyond the last days of the actual crusades, and among spheres of thought with a long life he noted Aristotelian science. In the longue durée of economic history, beyond, or beneath, the cycles and structural crises, lie "old attitudes of thought and action, resistant frameworks dying hard, at times against all logic." Braudel also stressed the importance of slow-changing geographic factors, like the constraints placed by the natural environment upon human production and communication. In the first volume of The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II, for example, he described the tension between mountain dwellers and plain dwellers, with their different cultures and economic models, as a basic feature of Mediterranean history over thousands of years.
The history of the longue durée that informs Braudel's two masterworks therefore offers a contrast to the archives-directed history that arose at the end of the 19th century, and a return to the broader views of the earlier generation of Jules Michelet, Leopold von Ranke, Jacob Burckhardt or Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges.
Averil Cameron, in examining the Mediterranean world in late antiquity concluded that "consideration of the longue durée is more helpful than the appeal to immediate causal factors." Sergio Villalobos also expressly took the long view in his Historia del pueblo chileno.
Jean-François Bayart extended the concept to Africa. The systems of inequality and domination inherent in pre-colonial African societies have their own historical dynamics. Consequently, postcolonial national constructions cannot be understood from the sole point of view of their relations with the Western powers and their position in the world economy, Bayart argued. African states must therefore be analyzed in their historicity, which implies analyzing the power relations within contemporary African societies - in particular the role played by the dominant class in its societies, so as to update all the parameters. that influence the present and the future of these States, he posited.
Sources and further reading | 4661d87c-bcde-43d4-8bfe-e2bf10be7bb1 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WMRQ-FM"} | Radio station in Waterbury, Connecticut
WMRQ-FM (104.1 MHz) is an alternative rock radio station licensed to Waterbury, Connecticut, and serving the Greater Hartford media market. WMRQ-FM is owned by Red Wolf Broadcasting and has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 14,000 watts. Its transmitter is on West Peak in Meriden, Connecticut. Its tower is shared with former sister station 95.7 WKSS. WMRQ-FM's studios and offices are located on Blue Hills Avenue (Connecticut Route 187) in Bloomfield, Connecticut, with its other co-owned radio stations.
The station broadcasts using HD Radio technology. Its HD2 digital subchannel carries a Spanish tropical music and contemporary hit radio format known as "Bomba FM," also heard on translator stations 97.1 W246CC in Bolton, 99.5 W258AL in Clinton and 104.5 W283BS in Bridgeport. Much of the programming is also broadcast on WSPR 1490 AM and W283CK 104.5 FM West Springfield, Massachusetts, as well as 98.5 W253BQ Meriden, Connecticut, and 104.5 W283BW New London, Connecticut. At times, Bomba FM has higher ratings than its originating station, WMRQ-FM.
History
Country music
On December 25, 1967, the station signed on as WWCO-FM. It was the sister station to AM 1240 WWCO, and carrying a country music format. Most radios at the time did not receive FM signals, so the station was largely automated, with pre-recorded announcements.
It was acquired by entertainer and TV host Merv Griffin in 1972, changing its call letters to WIOF (standing for "1-0-Four", its dial position). The country music sound was branded as "Nashville Connecticut, W-104".
Soft AC Magic 104
In 1978, the station dropped country to become soft adult contemporary-formatted "Magic 104" using the syndicated "TM Beautiful Rock" service. During the switch to "Magic", WIOF upgraded its signal by moving its transmitter from near its studios in Prospect to West Peak in Meriden.
Lou Terri was the Program Director and midday host until his death in an automobile accident in 1989. Steve Wiersman later became Program Director until 1994. Morning announcers included Bill Cleveland, Greg O'Brien and Ray Petraca. Jack Carney, who was also the voice of Channel 30 WVIT at the time, hosted the afternoon show. Jim Scott did nights, and Rick O'Connor did middays, later replaced by Ron O'Brien (also known as Ron O, who later went to WZMX). Weekend DJs included Greg LaPorta and Don Clark.
AC Star 104.1
In 1992, the station rebranded as "Star 104.1", WYSR, with a more uptempo Adult Contemporary sound. DJs on "Star" included Brett Provo in mornings, then afternoons (later becoming Afternoon Drive/Production Director at WMAS in Springfield); Paul DeFrancisco in afternoons; Jay Hanson (later at WFMX in Skowhegan, Maine) and Long John on weekends; Jim Severine; Rich Kilbourne (also known as Big Rich Baker) on news; Cathy Foxx in middays; Neil Jackson in mornings; Lee Gordon as Production Director; and Race Bannon, who later stayed on the station after the flip to modern rock. Ron O became WYSR's PD after Steve Wiersman departed.
Star 104.1 was competing with other AC stations in the Hartford radio market and was unable to capture a sizable audience. In October 1994, all programming staff and disc jockeys were released.
Modern Rock Radio 104
On October 31, 1994, at midnight, the format flipped to modern rock as WMRQ "Radio104". Personalities such as "Jake & Beth", "Nick the Intern", "Mudbone", Dee Snider and Bubba the Love Sponge were on the station in the mornings at various points during the station's history, with Wilcow, Chaz, "Darkside Dave," The Carlito Show, and Logan following after the mornings.
The station also hosted popular annual events such as "The Big Day Off" and "104fest". Lee Gordon remained as Production Director, and Bud Fisher became WMRQ's first sales manager. (Bud had appeared on "Magic 104" as "Gary Hunter".)
Hip Hop Power 104
Due to struggling ratings, the station flipped to WPHH, "Power 104.1", at 5:00 p.m. on September 15, 2003. As a station playing hip hop music and rhythmic contemporary hits, WPHH solidified its position as the only mainstream urban station in the Hartford and New Haven market. Its main competitor was urban-leaning rhythmic CHR WZMX.
Nicole Siedman served as Program Director for a short period until 2004. Mychal Maguire assumed the Program Director position thereafter. Spank Buda served as Assistant Program Director and night host for the entire duration of WPHH. Popular events included the "Hoop It Up" basketball tournament and the "Legends of Hip Hop" concert. Other DJs on "Power" were Mia Mendez, DJ Showtime, TT Torrez, DJ Londonn, and PJ.
Return to Alternative Rock
On October 25, 2007, at 10:00 a.m., WPHH flipped back to modern rock. The station was programmed similar to WRFF in Philadelphia. On December 20, 2007, WPHH changed its call letters to WURH. In May 2008, almost six months after Clear Channel launched "FM 104-One," the station named a Program Director, Becky Pohotsky, who had been the station's APD/MD and de facto PD for most of its existence.
On August 4, 2008, Clear Channel placed the station's assets into an entity called the Aloha Station Trust in order to sell off the station. This was due to Clear Channel being above the ownership limits set by the Federal Communications Commission. These limits were imposed when Clear Channel was officially taken private by Bain Capital Partners on July 30, 2008.
Red Wolf Broadcasting
On February 19, 2009, Ledyard-based Red Wolf Broadcasting Corp., who owns WBMW and WWRX in the New London area, announced that it had agreed to buy WURH for $8,000,000. On May 14, 2009, Red Wolf Broadcasting took over control of the station. The first action was to change the station’s callsign to WMRQ-FM, and restore the "Radio 104.1" moniker.
La Bomba HD Radio and Translators
In November 2009, a Spanish-language tropical music format, "Bomba 97.5" ("The Bomb") was launched on WMRQ-HD2. The format was initially simulcast on 60-watt Bolton-licensed FM translator W248AB at 97.5 FM. Red Wolf later moved the translator to 97.1 FM (which forced a change of call letters to W246CC) to provide more coverage and increase signal strength. "Bomba 97.1" is now licensed for 100 watts, reaching as far as Springfield. In addition, the station added translators in Clinton and Bridgeport.
W272DO was sold to Red Wolf Broadcasting from Connoisseur Media in January 2018. On January 15, the translator immediately ceased simulcasting WPLR-HD2, the alternative format known as "Mod," and began carrying "Bomba."
Translators | d2ef90be-6777-4cb1-b7b2-1feb1dc0b4cd |
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