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14201
[ "The", "study", "of", "human", "disorders", "known", "as", "premature", "aging", "syndromes", "may", "provide", "insight", "into", "the", "mechanisms", "of", "cellular", "senescence", "." ]
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14202
[ "The", "main", "feature", "of", "cellular", "senescence", "in", "vitro", "is", "cessation", "of", "cell", "proliferation", "." ]
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14203
[ "Down", "syndrome", "(", "DS", ")", "and", "neuronal", "ceroid-lypofuscinosis", "(", "NCL", ")", "are", "clinically", "characterized", "by", "the", "premature", "onset", "of", "numerous", "features", "normally", "associated", "with", "human", "aging", "." ]
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14204
[ "Phytohemagglutinin", "stimulated", "lymphocytes", "derived", "from", "DS", "subjects", "showed", "a", "statistically", "significant", "diminished", "proliferation", "capacity", "in", "comparison", "with", "lymphocytes", "derived", "from", "NCL", "and", "healthy", "individuals", "." ]
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14205
[ "We", "demonstrated", ",", "by", "applying", "the", "electrophoretic", "mobility", "shift", "assay", ",", "slightly", "impaired", "AP-1", "DNA", "binding", "activity", "in", "NCL", "lymphocytes", "and", "strong", "in", "DS", "ones", "." ]
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14206
[ "Our", "results", "showed", "that", "the", "same", "molecular", "mechanisms", "of", "proliferation", "cessation", "could", "exist", "in", "fibroblasts", "characterized", "by", "replicative", "senescence", "and", "in", "lymphocytes", "derived", "from", "individuals", "with", "premature", "aging", "syndromes", "(", "Down" ]
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14207
[ "Differential", "contribution", "of", "herpes", "simplex", "virus", "type", "1", "gene", "products", "and", "cellular", "factors", "to", "the", "activation", "of", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "type", "1", "provirus", "." ]
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14208
[ "We", "have", "previously", "reported", "that", "infection", "with", "herpes", "simplex", "virus", "type", "1", "(", "HSV-1", ")", "activates", "expression", "of", "the", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "type", "1", "(", "HIV-1", ")", "provirus", "in", "T", "cells", "." ]
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14209
[ "Activation", "of", "the", "HIV-1", "provirus", "correlated", "with", "the", "activation", "of", "binding", "of", "55-", "and", "85-kDa", "proteins", "to", "the", "kappa", "B", "enhancer", "and", "binding", "of", "the", "50-kDa", "HLP-1", "protein", "to", "the", "LBP-1", "sequences", "of", "the", "HIV-1", "long", "terminal", "repeat", "." ]
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14210
[ "Further", "examination", "of", "this", "system", "has", "shown", "that", "the", "inhibition", "of", "HSV-1", "replication", "by", "the", "antiviral", "drug", "acyclovir", "does", "not", "inhibit", "HSV-1-mediated", "induction", "of", "HIV-1", "provirus", "." ]
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14211
[ "Surprisingly", ",", "the", "NF-kappa", "B", "and", "HLP-1", "binding", "activities", "were", "substantially", "inhibited", "in", "acyclovir-treated", "cells", "." ]
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14212
[ "In", "the", "transient-transfection", "assay", ",", "ICP0", ",", "but", "not", "ICP4", ",", "activated", "the", "HIV-1", "long", "terminal", "repeat", "promoter", "region", "and", "the", "effect", "of", "ICP0", "was", "greatly", "enhanced", "in", "the", "presence", "of", "the", "NF-kappa", "B", "binding", "proteins", ",", "suggesting", "that", "induction", "of", "the", "HIV-1", "provirus", "involves", "cooperation", "between", "the", "HSV-1-activated", "cellular", "factor", ",", "NF-kappa", "B", ",", "and", "the", "virus-encoded", "transactivator", ",", "ICP0", "." ]
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14213
[ "Transcriptional", "activation", "of", "the", "macrophage", "colony-stimulating", "factor", "gene", "by", "IL-2", "is", "associated", "with", "secretion", "of", "bioactive", "macrophage", "colony-stimulating", "factor", "protein", "by", "monocytes", "and", "involves", "activation", "of", "the", "transcription", "factor", "NF-kappa", "B", "." ]
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14214
[ "Human", "peripheral", "blood", "monocytes", "(", "Mo", ")", "constitutively", "display", "the", "beta-chain", "of", "the", "receptor", "for", "IL-2", ",", "whereas", "expression", "of", "the", "IL-2R", "alpha-chain", "is", "not", "constitutive", "but", "inducible", "with", "IL-2", "." ]
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14215
[ "Here", "we", "report", "that", "binding", "of", "human", "IL-2", "to", "its", "binding", "site", "leads", "to", "transcriptional", "activation", "of", "the", "macrophage", "CSF", "(", "M-CSF", ")", "gene", "in", "Mo", "resulting", "in", "accumulation", "of", "M-CSF", "mRNA", "and", "subsequent", "release", "of", "bioactive", "M-CSF", "protein", "as", "demonstrated", "by", "ELISA", "and", "inhibition", "of", "IL-2", "induced", "release", "of", "an", "activity-stimulating", "growth", "of", "monocyte-type", "colonies", "by", "a", "neutralizing", "anti-M-CSF", "antibody", "." ]
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14216
[ "Transcriptional", "activation", "of", "the", "M-CSF", "gene", "by", "IL-2", "is", "preceded", "by", "enhanced", "binding", "activity", "of", "the", "transcription", "factor", "NF-kappa", "B", "to", "its", "recognition", "sequence", "in", "the", "5", "'", "regulatory", "enhancer", "region", "of", "the", "M-CSF", "gene", "." ]
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14217
[ "Moreover", ",", "using", "a", "heterologous", "promoter", "(", "herpes", "thymidine", "kinase", ")", "construct", "containing", "the", "NF-kappa", "B", "consensus", "sequence", ",", "it", "is", "shown", "that", "NF-kappa", "B", "binding", "by", "an", "IL-2-induced", "monocyte-derived", "nuclear", "protein", "confers", "reporter", "gene", "(", "human", "growth", "hormone", ")", "activity", "." ]
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14218
[ "Taken", "together", ",", "our", "findings", "indicate", "that", "IL-2", "induces", "gene", "expression", "of", "M-CSF", "in", "human", "blood-derived", "Mo", "and", "provide", "evidence", "for", "involvement", "of", "NF-kappa", "B", "in", "transcriptional", "regulation", "of", "this", "gene", "." ]
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14219
[ "Regulation", "of", "the", "interleukin-1", "beta", "(", "IL-1", "beta", ")", "gene", "by", "mycobacterial", "components", "and", "lipopolysaccharide", "is", "mediated", "by", "two", "nuclear", "factor-IL6", "motifs", "." ]
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14220
[ "The", "cytokines", "interleukin-1", "beta", "(", "IL-1", "beta", ")", "and", "tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "alpha", "(", "TNF-alpha", ")", "are", "released", "by", "mononuclear", "phagocytes", "in", "vitro", "after", "stimulation", "with", "mycobacteria", "and", "are", "considered", "to", "mediate", "pathophysiologic", "events", ",", "including", "granuloma", "formation", "and", "systemic", "symptoms", "." ]
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14221
[ "We", "demonstrated", "that", "the", "Mycobacterium", "tuberculosis", "cell", "wall", "component", "lipoarabinomannan", "(", "LAM", ")", "is", "a", "very", "potent", "inducer", "of", "IL-1", "beta", "gene", "expression", "in", "human", "monocytes", "and", "investigated", "the", "mechanism", "of", "this", "effect", "." ]
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14222
[ "We", "localized", "the", "LAM-", ",", "lipopolysaccharide", "(", "LPS", ")", "-", ",", "and", "TNF-alpha", "-inducible", "promoter", "activity", "to", "a", "-131/+15", "(", "positions", "-131", "to", "+15", ")", "DNA", "fragment", "of", "the", "IL-1", "beta", "gene", "by", "deletion", "analysis", "and", "chloramphenicol", "acetyltransferase", "assay", "." ]
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14223
[ "Within", "this", "DNA", "fragment", ",", "there", "were", "two", "novel", "9-bp", "motifs", "(", "-90/-82", "and", "-40/-32", ")", "with", "high", "homology", "to", "the", "nuclear", "factor-IL6", "(", "NF-IL6", ")", "binding", "site", "." ]
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14224
[ "Site-directed", "mutagenesis", "demonstrated", "that", "the", "two", "NF-IL-6", "motifs", "could", "be", "independently", "activated", "by", "LAM", ",", "LPS", ",", "or", "TNF-alpha", "and", "that", "they", "acted", "in", "an", "orientation-independent", "manner", "." ]
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14225
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14226
[ "We", "conclude", "that", "the", "two", "NF-IL6", "sites", "mediate", "induction", "of", "IL-1", "beta", "in", "response", "to", "the", "stimuli", "LAM", ",", "LPS", ",", "and", "TNF-alpha", "." ]
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14227
[ "HIV-1", "Nef", "protein", "inhibits", "the", "recruitment", "of", "AP-1", "DNA-binding", "activity", "in", "human", "T-cells", "." ]
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14228
[ "The", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "type", "1", "long", "terminal", "repeat", ",", "HIV-1-LTR", ",", "contains", "binding", "sites", "for", "several", "cellular", "transcription", "factors", "which", "contribute", "to", "HIV-1", "gene", "expression", "." ]
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14229
[ "Our", "previous", "studies", "on", "the", "function", "of", "the", "HIV-1-encoded", "Nef", "protein", "suggested", "that", "Nef", "may", "be", "an", "inhibitor", "HIV-1", "transcription", "." ]
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14230
[ "To", "determine", "whether", "Nef", "affects", "the", "binding", "of", "cellular", "factors", "implicated", "in", "HIV-1", "regulation", ",", "32P-labeled", "oligonucleotides", "corresponding", "to", "the", "binding", "sites", "were", "incubated", "with", "nuclear", "extracts", "prepared", "from", "Nef-expressing", "T-cell", "lines", "that", "were", "not", "stimulated", "or", "were", "stimulated", "with", "T-cell", "mitogens", "." ]
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14231
[ "We", "found", "that", "Nef", "inhibited", "the", "recruitment", "of", "AP-1", "DNA-binding", "activity", "in", "mitogen-stimulated", "human", "T-cells", "." ]
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14232
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14233
[ "Mitogen-mediated", "transcriptional", "activation", "of", "the", "CAT", "gene", "in", "this", "construct", "was", "inhibited", "in", "Nef-expressing", "cells", "but", "not", "in", "control", "cells", "." ]
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14234
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14235
[ "Regulation", "of", "the", "beta-globin", "locus", "." ]
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14236
[ "Transcription", "of", "the", "human", "beta-globin", "gene", "cluster", "depends", "upon", "upstream", "regulatory", "sequences", ",", "which", "are", "collectively", "termed", "the", "locus", "control", "region", "." ]
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14237
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14238
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14239
[ "Enhancing", "effect", "of", "17", "beta-estradiol", "on", "human", "NK", "cell", "activity", "." ]
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14240
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14241
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14242
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14243
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14244
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14245
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14246
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14247
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14248
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14249
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14250
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14251
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14252
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14253
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14254
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14255
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14256
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14257
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14258
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14259
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14260
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14261
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14262
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14263
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14264
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14265
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14266
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14267
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14268
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14269
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14270
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14271
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14272
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14273
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14274
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14275
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14276
[ "1", ".", "Blood", "cell", "receptors", "in", "volunteers", "with", "moderately", "increased", "body", "burdens", "." ]
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14277
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14278
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14279
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14280
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14281
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14282
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14283
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14284
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14285
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14286
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14287
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14288
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14289
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14290
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14291
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14292
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14293
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14294
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14295
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14296
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14297
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14298
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14299
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14300
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