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ูููู ูู
ูู ูุฑุงุกุฉ ู
ุดูุฏ ู
ูุญู
ู ูุนููู ุจู 62 ูุฏู
ุงุ
|
How would you be able to read a busy scene from 62 feet below?
|
ุชูููุฉ ุงูุฑุณู
ุงูุชู ุซู
ุชูุงุฑุซูุง ูู 200 ุนุงู
ูู ูุฑุดุงุช ูููุฑูุณุงุ ูู
ุชูู ู
ุนุฏูุฉ ููุฐุง ุงูููุน ู
ู ุงููุตุต
|
The painting technique that had been handed on for 200 years in Florentine studios was not equipped for this kind of a narrative.
|
ููู ูู
ููู ุฑุณุงู
ุงู ุญูุงุ ู ูุฐูู ุงุณุชุฎุฏู
ููุงุท ููุชู.
|
But Michelangelo wasn't really a painter, and so he played to his strengths.
|
ุจุฏูุง ู
ู ู
ูุฆ ุงููุฑุงุบ ุจุฑุณูู
ุงุช ุฃุฎุฐ ู
ุทุฑูุฉ ู ู
ููุงุดุง ู ูุญุช ูู ูุทุนุฉ ู
ู ุงูุฑุฎุงู
ููู ูุธูุฑ ุงูุดูู ุงูู
ุฎูู ุฏุงุฎููุง.
|
Instead of being accustomed to filling space with busyness, he took a hammer and chisel and hacked away at a piece of marble to reveal the figure within.
|
ูุงู ุฌููุฑูุงูุ ูุงู ููุญูู ูุตุชู ุนุจุฑ ุฃุฌุณุงู
ุถุฎู
ุฉ ู ุญูููุฉ.
|
Michelangelo was an essentialist; he would tell his story in massive, dynamic bodies.
|
ู ูุฏ ุดุฌุน ุงูุจุงุจุง ูุฐู ุงูุฎุทุฉ ูุฐุง ุงูุฑุฌู ุงูุฐู ูู
ููู ุฎุงุฆูุง ู
ู ุนุจูุฑูุฉ ุงูุฌุฑูุฆุฉ.
|
This plan was embraced by the larger-than-life Pope Julius II, a man who was unafraid of Michelangelo's brazen genius.
|
ููุฏ ูุงู ุงุจู ุฃุฎ ุงูุจุงุจุง ุ ู ูุฏ ูุงู ู
ูุบู
ุณุง ูู ุงููู ูุซูุงุซูู ุนุงู
ุง ู ุฃุฏุฑู ููุชู.
|
He was nephew to Pope Sixtus IV, and he had been steeped in art for 30 years and he knew its power.
|
ู ูุฏ ููุจู ุงูุชุงุฑูุฎ ุจุงูู ููู ุฅุฑุซ ูุฐุง ุงูุฑุฌู ูููุงุชููุงู ูู
ููู ูุง ููุงุนุง ููุง ุนุชุงุฏุงุ ุจู ูุงู ููุง.
|
And history has handed down the moniker of the Warrior Pope, but this man's legacy to the Vatican -- it wasn't fortresses and artillery, it was art.
|
ููุฏ ุชุฑู ููุง ุบุฑู ุฑุงูุงููู ู ูููุณุฉ ุณูุณุชูู.
|
He left us the Raphael Rooms, the Sistine Chapel.
|
ู ูุงุชุฏุฑุงุฆูุฉ ุงููุฏูุณ ุจุทุฑุณ ุจุงูุฅุถุงูุฉ ุฅูู ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ู
ู
ูุฒุฉ ู
ู ุงูู
ูุญูุชุงุช ุงููููุงููุฉ ุงูุฑูู
ุงููุฉ-- ูุฐู ุงูุฃุนู
ุงู ุบูุฑ ุงูู
ุณูุญูุฉ ุจูุง ุฑูุจ ู ุงูุชู ุณุชุตุจุญ ู
ูุจุนุงู ูุฃูู ู
ุชุญู ูููู ุงูุญุฏูุซ. ู
ุซุญู ุงููุงุชููุงู.
|
He left St. Peter's Basilica as well as an extraordinary collection of Greco-Roman sculptures -- decidedly un-Christian works that would become the seedbed of the world's first modern museum, the Vatican Museums.
|
ูุงู ูููููุณ ุฑุฌูุงู ูุถุน ุชุตูุฑุง ูููุงุชููุงู ุญุชู ูุจูู ู
ูุงูุจุง ููุนุตุฑ ููุฃุจุฏ ุจุนุธู
ุชู ู ุฌู
ุงููุ ู ูุงู ุนูู ุญู.
|
Julius was a man who envisioned a Vatican that would be eternally relevant through grandeur and through beauty, and he was right.
|
ุฃูุถู ูุฐุง ุงูู
ุฒูุฌ ุจูู ูุฐูู ุงูุนู
ูุงููู ู ุ ุฅูู ููุงุฏุฉ ูููุณุฉ .
|
The encounter between these two giants, Michelangelo and Julius II, that's what gave us the Sistine Chapel.
|
ูุฑุณ ููุณู ููุฐุง ุงูู
ุดุฑูุน ูุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุฃูู ุงูุชูู ู
ูู ูู ุซูุงุซ ุณููุงุช ู ูุตูุ ุจู
ุณุงุนุฏุฉ ุฃูู ุนุฏุฏ ู
ู ุงูุนู
ุงู ู ูุถุงุก ุณุงุนุงุช ุจูุง ุงููุทุงุนุ ูุงุธุฑุงู ุฅูู ุงูุฃุนูู ููุฑุณู
ุงููุตุต ุนูู ุงูุณูู.
|
Michelangelo was so committed to this project, that he succeeded in getting the job done in three and a half years, using a skeleton crew and spending most of the time, hours on end, reaching up above his head to paint the stories on the ceiling.
|
ุฅุฐูุ ุฏุนููุง ูููู ูุธุฑุฉ ุนูู ุงูุณูู ููุฑู ูู ุฑูุงูุฉ ุงููุตุต ููุชุดุฑ ุนุงูู
ูุงู.
|
So let's look at this ceiling and see storytelling gone global.
|
ูุง ู
ุฒูุฏ ู
ู ุงูุฅุดุงุฑุงุช ุงููููุฉ ุงูู
ุฃูููุฉ ููุนุงูู
ุญููู.
|
No more familiar artistic references to the world around you.
|
ููุณ ููุงู ุณูู ุงููุฑุงุบ ู ุงูุจููุฉ ู ุงูุทุงูุฉุ ููุง ุชุฌุฏ ุฅุทุงุฑุงู ูููุงู ูุงุฆูุงู ูุทู ุนูู 9 ููุญุงุช ุฃุฎุฑูุ ู
ุนุชู
ุฏุฉ ุนูู ุงูุชูููู ุงููุญุชู ุฃูุซุฑ ู
ู ุงูุฃููุงู ุงูู
ุฑุณูู
ุฉ.
|
There's just space and structure and energy; a monumental painted framework which opens onto nine panels, more driven by sculptural form than painterly color.
|
ุญูู ููู ูู ุงูููุงูุฉ ุงูุจุนูุฏุฉ ุนูุฏ ุงูู
ุฏุฎูุ ุจุนูุฏุง ุนู ู
ุฐุจุญ ุงููููุณุฉ ูุนู ุงูุณูุงุฌ ุงูุฎุงุต ุจุงููููุฉ ู ูู
ุนู ุงููุธุฑ ูู ูุฐุง ุงูุฃูู ุจุงุญุซูู ุนู ุจุฏุงูุฉ.
|
And we stand in the far end by the entrance, far from the altar and from the gated enclosure intended for the clergy and we peer into the distance, looking for a beginning.
|
ู ุณูุงุก ูู ุงูุจุญุซ ุงูุนูู
ู ุฃู ูู ุงูุชูุงููุฏ ุงูุฅูุฌูููุฉุ ููุญู ูููุฑ ุญูุซ ุงูุทููุช ุดุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงูุจุฏุงูุฉ
|
And whether in scientific inquiry or in biblical tradition, we think in terms of a primal spark.
|
ููุจูุง ุทุงูุฉ ุงูุจุฏุงูุฉ ุนูุฏู
ุง ูุญุช ููุง ุงููุตุงู ุงูููุฑ ุนู ุงูุธูุงู
ุ ุดูู ู
ุถุทุฑุจ ุจุงูุช ูู ุงูุฃููุ ู
ุถุบูุท ูู ุญูุฒ ุถูู
|
Michelangelo gave us an initial energy when he gave us the separation of light and dark, a churning figure blurry in the distance, compressed into a tight space.
|
ูุฑุชุณู
ุงูุดูู ุงูุชุงูู ุจุดูู ุฃูุจุฑุ ู ุชุฑู ุดููุง ููุฏูุน ู
ู ุฌุงูุจ ุฅูู ุงูุฌุงูุจ ุงูุฐู ูููู.
|
The next figure looms larger, and you see a figure hurtling from one side to the next.
|
ู ูู ููุธุชูุ ูุชุฑู ููุง ุงูุดู
ุณ ู ุงููู
ุฑ ู ุงููุจุงุชุงุช.
|
He leaves in his wake the sun, the moon, vegetation.
|
ูู
ูุฑูุฒ ุนูู ุงูุฃุดูุงุก ุงูุชู ุชูุฎูู. ุนูู ุฎูุงู ุบูุฑู ู
ู ุงูููุงููู.
|
Michelangelo didn't focus on the stuff that was being created, unlike all the other artists.
|
ู ุฅูู
ุง ุฑูุฒ ุนูู ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูุฎูู.
|
He focused on the act of creation.
|
ู ุนูุฏูุง ุชุชููู ุงูุญุฑูุฉุ ูุงูููู ุนูุฏ ู
ูุชุตู ุงูุจูุช ุงูุดุนุฑู ู ูุญูู ุงูุฎุงูู.
|
And then the movement stops, like a caesura in poetry and the creator hovers.
|
ุฅุฐูุ ู
ุง ุงูุฐู ููุนููุ
|
So what's he doing?
|
ูู ูุฎูู ุงูุฃุฑุถุ ูู ูุฎูู ุงูุจุญุฑุ
|
Is he creating land? Is he creating sea?
|
ุฃู
ุฃูู ูุนูุฏ ุงููุธุฑ ุฅูู ุฎููู ู ุงูููู ู ูููุฒูุ ุชู
ุงู
ุง ูู
ุง ูุงู ููุนู ุญูู ูุนูุฏ ุงููุธุฑ ุฅูู ุนู
ูู ุนูู ุงูุณูู ู
ุคูุฏุง: "ุฅูู ุฌูุฏ"
|
Or is he looking back over his handiwork, the universe and his treasures, just like Michelangelo must have, looking back over his work in the ceiling and proclaiming, "It is good."
|
ู ุงูุขูุ ููุฏ ุฃุนุฏ ุงูู
ุดูุฏ ุญุชู ุนูุฏู
ุง ุชุตู ูุฐุฑูุฉ ุงูุฎููุ ุฃู ุงูุฅูุณุงู.
|
So now the scene is set, and you get to the culmination of creation, which is man.
|
ูุธูุฑ ุขุฏู
ูู ุงูู
ุดูุฏุ ู
ุฎููู ู
ุถูุก ุนูู ุฎูููุฉ ู
ุธูู
ุฉ.
|
Adam leaps to the eye, a light figure against a dark background.
|
ู ููู ุญูู ุชู
ุนู ุงููุธุฑุ ุชุฑู ูุฏู
ู ูุงููุฉ ุนูู ุงูุฃุฑุถุ ู ุฐุฑุงุนู ุซูููุฉ ุนูู ุฑูุจุชู.
|
But looking closer, that leg is pretty languid on the ground, the arm is heavy on the knee.
|
ููุชูุฑ ุขุฏู
ุฅูู ุฐูู ุงูุจุฑูู ุงูุฏุงุฎูู ุงูุฐู ุณูููุฏู ุฅูู ุงูุนุธู
ุฉ.
|
Adam lacks that interior spark that will impel him to greatness.
|
ููุดู ุงูุฎุงูู ุนูู ู
ูุญ ุงูุดุฑุงุฑุฉ ุฅูู ุฐูู ุงูุฃุตุจุนุ ุงูุฐู ูุจุนุฏ ู
ููู
ุชุฑุง ูุงุญุฏุง ุนู ูุฏ ุขุฏู
.
|
That spark is about to be conferred by the creator in that finger, which is one millimeter from the hand of Adam.
|
ู
ู
ุง ูุฌุนููุง ูุฌูุณ ุนูู ุญุงูุฉ ู
ูุนุฏูุง ู
ู ุงูุชุฑูุจุ ูู
ุง ูู ุฅูุง ูุญุธุฉ ู ูุญุฏุซ ุงูุชูุงู
ุณุ ุงูุฐู ุณููุชุดู ูุฐุง ุงูุฑุฌู ู
ู ุฎูุงูู ุงููุฏู ู
ู ูุฌูุฏูุ ู ูุซุจ ููุฃุฎุฐ ู
ูุงูู ูู ูู
ุฉ ูุฑู
ุงูุฎูู.
|
It puts us at the edge of our seats, because we're one moment from that contact, through which that man will discover his purpose, leap up and take his place at the pinnacle of creation.
|
ุจุนุฏ ุฐูู ูุงุฌุฃูุง .
|
And then Michelangelo threw a curveball.
|
ูู
ู ูุฐู ุงูุฐุฑุงุน ุงูุฃุฎุฑูุ
|
Who is in that other arm?
|
ุฅููุง ุญูุงุกุ ุงูู
ุฑุฃุฉ ุงูุฃููู.
|
Eve, first woman.
|
ูุงุ ุฅููุง ููุณุช ููุฑุฉ ุนุฑุถูุฉุ ุจู ูู ุฌุฒุก ู
ู ุงูุฎุทุฉ.
|
No, she's not an afterthought. She's part of the plan.
|
ููุฏ ูุงูุช ุฏุงุฆู
ุง ูู ุนููู.
|
She's always been in his mind.
|
ุงูุธุฑ ุฅูููุงุ ุญู
ูู
ูุฉ ุฌุฏุง ู
ุน ุงูุฅูู ุญุชู ุฃููุง ุชุดุจู ูุฏูุง ูู ุฐุฑุงุนู
|
Look at her, so intimate with God that her hand curls around his arm.
|
ู ุจุงููุณุจุฉ ุฅููุ ูู
ุคุฑุฎุฉ ูููู ุงูุฃู
ุฑููู ู
ู ุงููุฑู ุงูุญุงุฏู ุนุดุฑุ ูุงูุช ูุฐู ูู ุงููุญุธุฉ ุงูุชู ุชุญุฏุซุช ูููุง ุงูููุญุฉ ุฅููู.
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And for me, an American art historian from the 21st century, this was the moment that the painting spoke to me.
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ูุฃููู ุฃุฏุฑูุช ุฃู ูุฐุง ุงูุชู
ุซูู ููุฏุฑุงู
ุง ุงูุฅูุณุงููุฉ ูุทุงูู
ุง ูุงู ุนู ุงูู
ุฑุฃุฉ ู ุงูุฑุฌู-- ูุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุฃู ููุทุฉ ุงูู
ุฑูุฒุ ูู ููุจ ุฐุงู ุงูุณููุ ุตูุฑุช ุฎูู ุญูุงุกุ ู ููุณ ุขุฏู
.
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Because I realized that this representation of the human drama was always about men and women -- so much so, that the dead center, the heart of the ceiling, is the creation of woman, not Adam.
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ู ุงูุญูููุฉ ุฃูู ุนูุฏู
ุง ุชุดุงูุฏูู
ุง ู
ุนุง ูู ุฌูุฉ ุงูุฎูุฏุ ุณุชุฑุงูู
ุง ูุทุฑุฏุงู ู
ููุง ู
ุนุง ุฃูุถุง ู ู
ุนุงุ ุณูุชุญูู ู ูุฎุฑูู
ุง ุจููุณููู
ุง ุฅูู ุนุงุฑ ู
ุณุชุชุฑ.
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And the fact is, that when you see them together in the Garden of Eden, they fall together and together their proud posture turns into folded shame.
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ุฃูุช ุงูุขู ูู ููุทุฉ ู
ูู
ุฉ ูู ููุญุฉ ุงูุณูู.
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You are at critical juncture now in the ceiling.
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ุฃูุช ุชู
ุงู
ุง ูู ููุทุฉ ูุง ูู
ูููุง ูุง ุฃูุง ู ูุง ุฃูุช ุฃู ูุฐูุจ ุฃุจุนุฏ ู
ููุง ูู ุงููููุณุฉ.
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You are exactly at the point where you and I can go no further into the church.
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ุญูุซ ูู
ูุนูุง ุงูุณูุงุฌ ุงูู
ุบูู ู
ู ุงูุนุจูุฑ ุฅูู ุงูุญุฑู
ุงูุฏุงุฎููุ ู
ุทุฑูุฏูู ุชู
ุงู
ุง ูุขุฏู
ู ุญูุงุก
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The gated enclosure keeps us out of the inner sanctum, and we are cast out much like Adam and Eve.
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ุงูู
ุดุงูุฏ ุงูู
ุชุจููุฉ ูู ุงูุณููุ ุชุนูุณ ุงูููุถู ุงูุชู ุชู
ูุฃ ุงูุนุงูู
ู
ู ุญูููุง.
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The remaining scenes in the ceiling, they mirror the crowded chaos of the world around us.
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ูุง ูู ููุญ ู ุณูููุชู ู ุงูุทููุงู.
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You have Noah and his Ark and the flood.
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ู ูุง ูู ููุญ ูููู
ุจุชุถุญูุฉ ู ุนูุฏ ู
ุน ุงููู.
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You have Noah. He's making a sacrifice and a covenant with God.
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ุฑุจู
ุง ูููู ูู ุงูู
ููุฐ.
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Maybe he's the savior.
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ููู ูุงุ ููุฏ ูุงู ููุญ ูู ู
ู ุฒุฑุน ุงูุนูุจ ู ุงุจุชูุฑ ุงููุจูุฐุ ู ุดุฑุจ ุญุชู ุงูุซู
ุงูุฉ ู ููุฏ ูุนูู ูู ู
ุฎุฒูู.
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Oh, but no, Noah is the one who grew grapes, invented wine, got drunk and passed out naked in his barn.
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ุฅููุง ูุทุฑููุฉ ู
ุซูุฑุฉ ูููุถูู ุฃู ุชุตู
ู
ุงูุณููุ ูุจุฏุฃ ุงูุขู ุจุฅูู ูุฎูู ุงูุญูุงุฉุ ู ููุชูู ุจุฑุฌู ุซู
ู ุฏุงุฎู ู
ุฎุฒู.
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It is a curious way to design the ceiling, now starting out with God creating life, ending up with some guy blind drunk in a barn.
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ู ูุฐููุ ู
ูุงุฑูุฉ ุจุขุฏู
ุ ุฑุจู
ุง ุชุธู ุฃู ูุณุฎุฑ ู
ูุง.
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And so, compared with Adam, you might think Michelangelo is making fun of us.
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ูููู ุนูู ูุดู ุฃู ูุฒูุญ ุงูุบู
ุงู
ู
ุณุชุฎุฏู
ุง ุชูู ุงูุฃููุงู ุงูุณุงุทุนุฉ ุชู
ุงู
ุง ุฃุณูู ููุญ: ุงูุฒู
ุฑุฏ ู ุญุฌุฑ ุงูุชูุจุงุฒ ู ุตูุฑุฉ ุงููุจู ุฒูุฑูุง ู
ูููุฉ ุจุงููุฑู
ุฒู.
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But he's about to dispel the gloom by using those bright colors right underneath Noah: emerald, topaz, scarlet on the prophet Zechariah.
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ูุฑู ุฒูุฑูุง ููุฑุง ูุทู ู
ู ุงูุดุฑูุ ู ูู ูุฐู ุงูููุทุฉ ูุชุญูู ุฅูู ูุฌูุฉ ุฃุฎุฑูุ ุญูุซ ูููุฏ ุงูุฃูุจูุงุก ู ุงูุนุฑุงูุงุช ู
ููุจูุง.
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Zechariah foresees a light coming from the east, and we are turned at this juncture to a new destination, with sibyls and prophets who will lead us on a parade.
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ูุง ูู
ุฃุจุทุงู ู ุจุทูุงุช ูุคู
ููู ุงูุทุฑููุ ู ูุญู ูุชุจุน ุงูุขุจุงุก ู ุงูุฃู
ูุงุช
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You have the heroes and heroines who make safe the way, and we follow the mothers and fathers.
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ุฅููู
ูููุฏ ุงูู
ุญุฑู ุงูุฅูุณุงูู ุงูุนุธูู
ุ ูุฏูุนููู ุฅูู ุงูุฃู
ุงู
.
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They are the motors of this great human engine, driving it forward.
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ู ุงูุขู ูุญู ุนูุฏ ุญุฌุฑ ุฒุงููุฉ ุงูุณููุ ุฐุฑูุฉ ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ุจุฑู
ุชูุ ุจุตูุฑุฉ ูุจุฏู ูููุง ู ูุฃูู ุนูู ูุดู ุงูุณููุท ู
ู ูุถุงุฆู ุฅูู ูุถุงุฆูุงุ ู
ุชุฎุทูุง ุฅูุงู.
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And now we're at the keystone of the ceiling, the culmination of the whole thing, with a figure that looks like he's about to fall out of his space into our space, encroaching our space.
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ูุฐู ูู ุฃูู
ููุทุฉ ุนูู ุงูุฅุทูุงู.
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This is the most important juncture.
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ุญูุซ ููุชูู ุงูู
ุงุถู ุจุงูุญุงุถุฑ.
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Past meets present.
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ูุฐู ุตูุฑุฉ ูููุณ ุงูุฐู ูุถู ุซูุงุซุฉ ุฃูุงู
ูู ุจุทู ุงูุญูุชุ ู ุงูุฐู ูู
ุซู ููู
ุณูุญููู ุฑู
ุฒุงู ูู ููุถุฉ ุงูุฅูุณุงููุฉ ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุชุถุญูุฉ ุงูู
ุณูุญุ ุจููู
ุง ููุฌู
ูุน ุงูุชู ุชุฒูุฑ ุงูู
ุชุญู ู
ู ูู ุงูุฃุฏูุงู ุงูุชู ุชุชูุงุฑุฏ ูู ููู
ุ ููู ูู
ุซู ุงููุญุธุฉ ุงูุชู ููุชูู ูููุง ุงูู
ุงุถู ุงูุณุญูู ุจุงููุงูุน ุงูุญุงุถุฑ.
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This figure, Jonah, who spent three days in the belly of the whale, for the Christians, is the symbol of the renewal of humanity through Jesus' sacrifice, but for the multitudes of visitors to that museum from all faiths who visit there every day, he is the moment the distant past encounters and meets immediate reality.
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ูู ูุฐุง ูููุฏูุง ุฅูู ุงูู
ู
ุฑ ุงูุดุงุณุน ูุฌุฏุงุฑ ุงูู
ุฐุจุญุ ุญูุซ ูุฑู ููุญุฉ "ููู
ุงูููุงู
ุฉ" ูู ุ ู ุงูุชู ุฑุณู
ุช ูู ุนุงู
1534 ุจุนุฏู
ุง ุชุบูุฑ ุงูุนุงูู
ุซุงููุฉู.
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All of this brings us to the yawning archway of the altar wall, where we see Michelangelo's Last Judgment, painted in 1534 after the world had changed again.
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ูุณูู
ุช ุญุฑูุฉ ุงูุฅุตูุงุญ ุงููููุณุฉุ ูุฌุนูุช ุงูุฅู
ุจุฑุงุทูุฑูุฉ ุงูุนุซู
ุงููุฉ "ุงูุฅุณูุงู
" ููู
ุฉ ู
ุฃูููุฉ ู ูุฌุฏ ุทุฑููุง ุฅูู ุงูู
ุญูุท ุงููุงุฏู.
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The Reformation had splintered the Church, the Ottoman Empire had made Islam a household word and Magellan had found a route into the Pacific Ocean.
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ููู ูููุงู ูุจูุบ 59 ุนุงู
ุง ู ูู
ูุณุงูุฑ ุฃุจุนุฏ ู
ู ุญุฏูุฏ ููููุณูุง ุฃู ูุชุญุฏุซ ุฅูู ูุฐุง ุงูุนุงูู
ุงูุฌุฏูุฏุ
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How is a 59-year-old artist who has never been any further than Venice going to speak to this new world?
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ุงุฎุชุงุฑ ุฃู ูุฑุณู
ุงููุฏุฑุ ุชูู ุงูุฑุบุจุฉ ุงูุนุงูู
ูุฉุ ุงูุชู ูุดุชุฑู ูููุง ุฌู
ูุนุงุ ููุชุฑู ุฅุฑุซุงู ู
ู ุงูุชู
ูุฒ.
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Michelangelo chose to paint destiny, that universal desire, common to all of us, to leave a legacy of excellence.
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ูุญูู ููุงูุฉ ุงูุนุงูู
ูู ุธู ุงูุฑุคูุฉ ุงูู
ุณูุญูุฉุ ูููู
ุงูููุงู
ุฉุ ุฃุนุทุงูุง ุณูุณูุฉ ู
ู ุงูุตูุฑ ูุฃุฌุณุงุฏ ุฌู
ููุฉ ุจุดูู ุฌุฐูุงุจ.
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Told in terms of the Christian vision of the Last Judgment, the end of the world, Michelangelo gave you a series of figures who are wearing these strikingly beautiful bodies.
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ูุง ูู
ูููู ู
ุฒูุฏุงู ู
ู ุงูู
ูุงุจุณุ ูุง ู
ุฒูุฏ ู
ู ุงููุฌูู ุนุฏุง ุงุซููู ู
ููู
|
They have no more covers, no more portraits except for a couple.
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ุฅููุง ููุญุฉ ููุฃุฌุณุงุฏ ููุท 391 ุฌุณุฏุ ูุง ูุดุจู ุฃู ู
ููู
ุงูุขุฎุฑุ ูุฑูุฏ ู
ู ููุนูุ ููู ูุงุญุฏ ู
ูุง.
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It's a composition only out of bodies, 391, no two alike, unique like each and every one of us.
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ูุจุฏุคูู ู
ู ุงูุฑูู ุงูุณููู ู
ูุทูููู ู
ู ุงูุฃุฑุถุ ูุญุงูููู ูู ู
ุนุงูุงุฉ ุฃู ูุฑุชูุนูุง.
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They start in the lower corner, breaking away from the ground, struggling and trying to rise.
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ู ู
ู ูุฌุญ ู
ููู
ูุนูุฏ ููุณุงุนุฏ ุงูุขุฎุฑููุ ู ูู ููุทุฉ ูุงุญุฏุฉ ู
ุฏูุดุฉุ ุชุฌุฏ ุฑุฌูุงู ุฃุณูุฏ ู ุฑุฌูุงู ุฃุจูุถ ูุฑุชูุนุงู ู
ุนุงู ูู ุตูุฑุฉ ู
ุฐููุฉ ูุชูุญุฏ ุงูุฅูุณุงููุฉ ูู ูุฐุง ุงูุนุงูู
ุงูุฌุฏูุฏ.
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Those who have risen reach back to help others, and in one amazing vignette, you have a black man and a white man pulled up together in an incredible vision of human unity in this new world.
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ูุฐูุจ ูุตูุจ ุงูุฃุณุฏ ู
ู ุงูุญูุฒ ุฅูู ูุฎุจุฉ ุงููุงุฆุฒูู.
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The lion's share of the space goes to the winner's circle.
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ููุงู ุชุฌุฏ ุงูุฑุฌุงู ู ุงููุณุงุก ุนุฑุงูุง ุชู
ุงู
ุงู ูุงูุฑูุงุถููู.
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There you find men and women completely nude like athletes.
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ููุฏ ุชุฌุงูุฒูุง ุงูู
ุญูุฉุ ู ุงูุตูุฑุฉ ุงูุชู ูู ุฐูู ูุฃููุฆู ุงูุฐูู ูุงูุญูุง ุงูู
ุญูุฉุ ู ุชุฌุงูุฒูุง ุงูุตุนุงุจ-- ุชุดุจู ุชู
ุงู
ุง ุตูุฑุฉ ุงูุฑูุงุถููู.
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They are the ones who have overcome adversity, and Michelangelo's vision of people who combat adversity, overcome obstacles -- they're just like athletes.
|
ุฅุฐูุ ุชุฌุฏ ุฑุฌุงูุง ู ูุณุงุกู ูุชู
ูุถุนูู ุจุฑุดุงูุฉ ุชุญุช ุชูู ุงูุฃุถูุงุก ุงูู
ุฏูุดุฉ.
|
So you have men and women flexing and posing in this extraordinary spotlight.
|
ู ุงูู
ุณูุญ ูุชุฑุฃุณ ูุฐุง ุงูุชุฌู
ุนุ ูู ุงูุจุฏุงูุฉ ูุฑุฌู ูุนุงูู ุนูู ุงูุตููุจุ ู ุงูุขู ููุงุฆุฏ ุนุธูู
ูู ุงูุณู
ุงุก.
|
Presiding over this assembly is Jesus, first a suffering man on the cross, now a glorious ruler in Heaven.
|
ู ูู
ุง ุฃุซุจุช ูู ููุญุชูุ ุงูุตุนูุจุงุช ู ุงูุนูุงุฆู ู ุงูุนูุจุงุชุ ูุง ุชููุฏ ุงูุชู
ูุฒ ุจู ุชุตููู.
|
And as Michelangelo proved in his painting, hardship, setbacks and obstacles, they don't limit excellence, they forge it.
|
ุงูุขูุ ูุฐุง ูููุฏูุง ุฅูู ุดูุก ุบุฑูุจ.
|
Now, this does lead us to one odd thing.
|
ูุฐู ูู ูููุณุฉ ุงูุจุงุจุง ุงูุฎุงุตุฉุ ู ุฃูุถู ุทุฑููุฉ ููุตููุง ูู "ุฎูุฉ ู
ู ุงูุนุฑุงุฉ".
|
This is the Pope's private chapel, and the best way you can describe that is indeed a stew of nudes.
|
ููู ูุงู ูุญุงูู ููุท ุฃู ูุณุชุฎุฏู
ุฃูุถู ูุบุฉ ูููุฉุ ุฃูุถู ูุบุฉ ูููุฉ ุนุงูู
ูุฉ ููุฑ ุจูุง: ููู ุงูุฌุณุฏ ุงูุฅูุณุงูู.
|
But Michelangelo was trying to use only the best artistic language, the most universal artistic language he could think of: that of the human body.
|
ู ูุฐูู ุจุฏูุง ู
ู ุฅุธูุงุฑ ุงููุถููุฉ ุนูู ููุฆุฉ ุงูุซุจุงุช ุฃู ุงูุณูุงุฏุฉ ุงูุฐุงุชูุฉุ ููุฏ ุงุณุชุนุงู ุจู
ูุญูุชุงุช ุงูุฑุงุฆุนุฉ ููู ูุธูุฑ ุงูููุฉ ุงูุฏุงุฎููุฉ ูู
ุตุฏุฑ ููุทุงูุฉ ุงูุฎุงุฑุฌูุฉ.
|
And so instead of the way of showing virtue such as fortitude or self-mastery, he borrowed from Julius II's wonderful collection of sculptures in order to show inner strength as external power.
|
ุงูุขูุ ูุชุจ ุฃุญุฏ ุงูู
ุนุงุตุฑูู ุฃู ุงููููุณุฉ ูุงูุช ุฌู
ููุฉ ูุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุฃููุง ูุงุจุฏ ูุฃู ุชุณุจุจ ุฌุฏูุง.
|
Now, one contemporary did write that the chapel was too beautiful to not cause controversy.
|
ู ูุฐุง ู
ุง ูุงู.
|
And so it did.
|
ูุจูุถู ุงูุตุญุงูุฉ ุงูู
ุทุจูุนุฉุ ูุฌุฏ ุ ุดูุงูู ุจุณุจุจ ุงูุนุฑู ุงูู
ูุชุดุฑ ูู ุงูู
ูุงูุ ู ูู
ููุจุซ ุฃู ุชู
ุชุตููู ุชุญูุชู ุนู ุงูุฏุฑุงู
ุง ุงูุฅูุณุงููุฉ ุนูู ุฃููุง ุฅุจุงุญูุฉุ ู ุญูููุง ุฃุถุงู ูุฌููู ุขุฎุฑููุ ูุฌู ููุฃุณูู ุงูุฐู ุงูุชูุฏูุ ู ุงูุขุฎุฑ ูููุณู ูู ุตูุฑุฉ ู
ุชูุดุฑุฉ ุฌุงูุฉุ ู ููุณ ูุฑูุงุถูุ ูู ูุฏ ุดููุฏ ุนุงูู ุทูููุงู.
|
Michelangelo soon found that thanks to the printing press, complaints about the nudity spread all over the place, and soon his masterpiece of human drama was labeled pornography, at which point he added two more portraits, one of the man who criticized him, a papal courtier, and the other one of himself as a dried up husk, no athlete, in the hands of a long-suffering martyr.
|
ูู ุงูุณูุฉ ุงูุชู ุชููู ูููุง ุดุงูุฏ ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ูุฐู ุงูุตูุฑ ู
ุบุทูุงุฉุ ู
ู
ุง ู
ุซูู ุงูุชุตุงุฑุงู ููุชูุงูุฉ ุนูู ุณุนูู ุฅูู ุงูู
ุฌุฏ.
|
The year he died he saw several of these figures covered over, a triumph for trivial distractions over his great exhortation to glory.
|
ุฅุฐูุ ูุญู ุงูุขู ููู ููุง ู ุงูุขู.
|
And so now we stand in the here and now.
|
ุนุงูููู ูู ูุฐุง ุงููุถุงุก ุจูู ุงูุจุฏุงูุงุช ู ุงูููุงูุงุชุ ูู ุงูุชุฌุฑุจุฉ ุงูุฅูุณุงููุฉ ุงููููุฉ ู ุงูุนุธูู
ุฉ.
|
We are caught in that space between beginnings and endings, in the great, huge totality of the human experience.
|
ุชุฌุจุฑูุง ูููุณุฉ ุนูู ุงููุธุฑ ู
ู ุญูููุง ูู
ุง ูู ูุงูุช ู
ุฑุขุฉ.
|
The Sistine Chapel forces us to look around as if it were a mirror.
|
ู
ู ุฃูุง ูู ูุฐู ุงูุตูุฑุฉุ
|
Who am I in this picture?
|
ูู ุฃูุง ุฌุฒุก ู
ู ูุฐุง ุงูุญุดุฏุ
|
Am I one of the crowd?
|
ูู ุฃูุง ุงูุฑุฌู ุงูุซู
ูุ
|
Am I the drunk guy?
|
ูู ุฃูุง ุงูุฑูุงุถูุ
|
Am I the athlete?
|
ู ุจููู
ุง ูุบุงุฏุฑ ูุฐุง ุงูู
ุฑูุฃ ู
ู ุงูุฌู
ุงู ุงูุฑููุนุ ูููู
ูุง ุฃู ูุณุฃู ุฃููุณูุง ุฃูู
ุฃุณุฆูุฉ ุงูุญูุงุฉ: ู
ู ุฃูุงุ ู ู
ุง ุงูุฏูุฑ ุงูุฐู ุฃูุนุจู ูู ู
ุณุฑุญ ุงูุญูุงุฉ ุงูุนุธูู
ุ
|
And as we leave this haven of uplifting beauty, we are inspired to ask ourselves life's biggest questions: Who am I, and what role do I play in this great theater of life?
|
ุดูุฑุง ููู
.
|
Thank you.
|
: ุ ุดูุฑุง ููู.
|
Bruno Giussani: Elizabeth Lev, thank you.
|
ุ ููุฏ ุฐูุฑุช ู
ุดููุฉ ุงูุฅุจุงุญูุฉ ุชูู ูุซูุฑ ู
ู ุงูุฃุฌุณุงุฏ ุงูุนุงุฑูุฉ ู ู
ุดุงูุฏ ู
ู ุงูุญูุงุฉ ุงูููู
ูุฉ ู ุฃุดูุงุก ุบูุฑ ูุงุฆูุฉ ู
ู ูุฌูุฉ ูุธุฑ ุฐุงู ุงูุฒู
ุงู.
|
Elizabeth, you mentioned this whole issue of pornography, too many nudes and too many daily life scenes and improper things in the eyes of the time.
|
ู ููู ูู ุงูุญูููุฉุ ุงููุตุฉ ุฃูุจุฑ ู
ู ุฐูู.
|
But actually the story is bigger.
|
ููุณ ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ูู ุชุบุทูุฉ ุจุนุถ ุงูุตูุฑ ู ุงูุชุนุฏูู ุนูููุง
|
It's not just touching up and covering up some of the figures.
|
ูุงุฏ ุฃู ูุฏู
ุฑ ูุฐุง ุงูุนู
ู ุงูููู ุจุณุจุจ ุฐูู.
|
This work of art was almost destroyed because of that.
|
: ูุงู ุชุฃุซูุฑ ููุญุฉ "ููู
ุงูููุงู
ุฉ" ูุจูุฑุงู.
|
Elizabeth Lev: The effect of the Last Judgment was enormous.
|
ุงูุตุญุงูุฉ ุงูู
ุทุจูุนุฉ ุญุฑุตุช ุนูู ุฃู ูุฑุงูุง ุงููู.
|
The printing press made sure that everybody saw it.
|
ู ูุฐููุ ูู
ูุญุฏุซ ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ูู ุฃุณุงุจูุน.
|
And so, this wasn't something that happened within a couple of weeks.
|
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