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ูˆุชุชุญุฑูƒ ู†ุญูˆ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ ู„ุฃุนู„ู‰. ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุชุณุนูŠู†ูŠุงุชุŒ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูˆุจุงุก ู†ู‚ุต ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุจุดุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ูุธูŠุน ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุฎูุถ ู…ู† ู…ุชูˆุณุท ุงู„ุนู…ุฑ ุงู„ู…ุชูˆู‚ุน ููŠ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฏ ุงู„ุฅูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุฉ ูˆุชุชุญุฑูƒ ุจู‚ูŠุชู‡ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู†ุญูˆ ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ ุญูŠุซ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู…ุชูˆุณุท ุฃุนู…ุงุฑ ุฃุทูˆู„ ูˆุฃุณุฑ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉุŒ ูˆูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุนุงู„ู…. ุฌุฏูŠุฏ ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุง
They move up into that corner. And in the '90s, we have the terrible HIV epidemic that takes down the life expectancy of the African countries and all the rest of them move up into the corner, where we have long lives and small family, and we have a completely new world.
ูู„ู†ู‚ุงุฑู† ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠุฉ ูˆููŠุชู†ุงู… 1964: ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒุง ูƒุงู† ุจู‡ุง ุฃุณุฑ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ูˆู…ุชูˆุณุท ุฃุนู…ุงุฑ ุฃุทูˆู„ ููŠุชู†ุงู… ูƒุงู† ุจู‡ุง ุฃุณุฑ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ูˆู…ุชูˆุณุท ุฃุนู…ุงุฑ ุฃู‚ุตุฑ. ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ุชุดูŠุฑ ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ุญุฑุจ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑุบู… ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ูˆููŠุงุช ูู‚ุฏ ูƒุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุชุญุณู† ููŠ ู…ุชูˆุณุท ุงู„ุฃุนู…ุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ุชูˆู‚ุน. ูˆุจู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู…
Let me make a comparison directly between the United States of America and Vietnam. 1964. America had small families and long life; Vietnam had large families and short lives. And this is what happens: the data during the war indicate that even with all the death, there was an improvement of life expectancy.
ุจุฏุฃ ุชู†ุธูŠู… ุงู„ุฃุณุฑุฉ ููŠ ููŠุชู†ุงู…ุŒ ูˆุงุชุฌู‡ูˆุง ู†ุญูˆ ุงู„ุฃุณุฑ ุงู„ุฃุตุบุฑ
By the end of the year, the family planning started in Vietnam; they went for smaller families.
ูˆุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุชุชุฌู‡ ู†ุญูˆ ู…ุชูˆุณุท ุฃุนู…ุงุฑ ุฃุทูˆู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ุงุญุชูุงุธ ุจุญุฌู… ุงู„ุฃุณุฑุฉ. ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุซู…ุงู†ูŠู†ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุขู†
And the United States up there is getting for longer life, keeping family size.
ูŠุชุฎู„ูˆู† ุนู† ุงู„ุชุฎุทูŠุท ุงู„ุดูŠูˆุนูŠ ูˆูŠุชุฌู‡ูˆู† ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏ ุงู„ุณูˆู‚ ูˆุชุชุญุฑูƒ ุฃุณุฑุน ุญุชู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠุฉ. ูˆุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
And in the '80s now, they give up Communist planning and they go for market economy, and it moves faster even than social life.
ููŠ ููŠุชู†ุงู… ู†ูุณ ู…ุชูˆุณุท ุงู„ุฃุนู…ุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ุชูˆู‚ุน ูˆู†ูุณ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ุฃุณุฑุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ููŠุชู†ุงู…ุŒ ูŠุดุจู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ ููŠ ุนุงู… 2003 ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ุนู„ูŠู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ููŠ ุนุงู… 1974ุŒ ุจู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุญุฑุจ
And today, we have in Vietnam the same life expectancy and the same family size here in Vietnam, 2003, as in United States, 1974, by the end of the war.
ุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู†ู†ุง ุฌู…ูŠุนู‹ุง โ€“ ุฅุฐุง ู„ู… ู†ู†ุธุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช -- ูู†ุญู† ู†ุณุชู‡ูŠู† ุจุชุบูŠุฑ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุญุฏุซ ููŠ ุขุณูŠุงุŒ ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ููŠ ุชุบูŠุฑ ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠ ู‚ุจู„ ุฃู† ู†ุดู‡ุฏ ุงู„ุชุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏูŠ
If we don't look in the data, I think we all underestimate the tremendous change in Asia, which was in social change before we saw the economical change.
ูู„ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ู†ูˆุถุญ ุจู‡ุง ุงู„ุชูˆุฒูŠุน ููŠ ุนุงู„ู… ุงู„ุฏุฎู„. ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชูˆุฒูŠุน ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠ ู„ุฏุฎู„ ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต
Let's move over to another way here in which we could display the distribution in the world of the income. This is the world distribution of income of people.
ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฃูˆ ุนุดุฑุฉ ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑุงุช ุฃูˆ ู…ุงุฆุฉ ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
One dollar, 10 dollars or 100 dollars per day.
ู„ู… ุชุนุฏ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ูุฌูˆุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุบู†ูŠ ูˆุงู„ูู‚ูŠุฑ. ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฎุฑุงูุฉ
There's no gap between rich and poor any longer. This is a myth.
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุญุฏุจุฉ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ู‡ู†ุง. ูˆู„ูƒู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚
There's a little hump here. But there are people all the way.
ูˆุฅุฐุง ู†ุธุฑู†ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ ุฅู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ุฏุฎู„ โ€“ ุงู„ุฏุฎู„ -- ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ 100 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุฆุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฎู„ ุงู„ุณู†ูˆูŠ ู„ู„ุนุงู„ู…. ูˆุงู„ุฃุบู†ูŠุงุก ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠู…ุซู„ูˆู† 20 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุฆุฉ
And if we look where the income ends up, this is 100 percent the world's annual income.
ูŠุฃุฎุฐูˆู† ู…ู†ู‡ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 74 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุฆุฉ. ูˆุงู„ุทุจู‚ุฉ ุงู„ูู‚ูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู…ุซู„ 20 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุฆุฉ
And the richest 20 percent, they take out of that about 74 percent.
ูŠุฃุฎุฐูˆู† ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุฆุฉ. ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠูˆุถุญ ุฃู† ู…ูู‡ูˆู…
And the poorest 20 percent, they take about two percent.
ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู†ุงู…ูŠุฉ ู…ุดูƒูˆูƒ ููŠู‡. ู†ุญู† ู†ููƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฅุนุงู†ุฉุŒ ุจุญูŠุซ ูŠุนุทูŠ ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูˆู† ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุนูˆู†ุงุช ู„ุฃูˆู„ุฆูƒ ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ู‡ู†ุง. ูˆู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุตู
And this shows that the concept of developing countries is extremely doubtful. We think about aid, like these people here giving aid to these people here.
ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุฃุบู„ุจ ุณูƒุงู† ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ุŒ ูˆู„ุฏูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ุขู† 24 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุฆุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฎู„
But in the middle, we have most of the world population, and they have now 24 percent of the income.
ู„ู‚ุฏ ุณู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ ุฃุดูƒุงู„ ุฃุฎุฑู‰. ูˆู…ู† ู‡ุคู„ุงุกุŸ
We heard it in other forms. And who are these?
ุฃูŠู† ู…ุฎุชู„ู ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฏุŸ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุฃุนุฑุถ ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ุญุงู„ ุฃูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุง
Where are the different countries? I can show you Africa.
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุง. 10 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุฆุฉ ู…ู† ุณูƒุงู† ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ุŒ ุฃุบู„ุจู‡ู… ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ูู‚ุฑ
This is Africa. 10% the world population, most in poverty.
ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู†ุธู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชุนุงูˆู† ูˆุงู„ุชู†ู…ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู† ุงู„ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏูŠ. ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุบู†ูŠุฉ. ู†ุงุฏูŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ู… ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ
This is OECD. The rich country. The country club of the U.N.
ูˆู‡ู… ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูˆู† ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจ. ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุชุฏุงุฎู„ ูˆุงุถุญ ุจูŠู† ุฅูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุง ูˆู…ู†ุธู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชุนุงูˆู† ูˆุงู„ุชู†ู…ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู† ุงู„ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏูŠ
And they are over here on this side. Quite an overlap between Africa and OECD.
ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒุง ุงู„ู„ุงุชูŠู†ูŠุฉ. ู„ุฏูŠู‡ุง ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุฑุถ
And this is Latin America.
ู…ู† ุฃูู‚ุฑ ุงู„ูู‚ุฑุงุก ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃุบู†ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุบู†ูŠุงุกุŒ ููŠ ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒุง ุงู„ู„ุงุชูŠู†ูŠุฉ
It has everything on this Earth, from the poorest to the richest in Latin America.
ูˆุจุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ู†ุถุน ุฃูˆุฑูˆุจุง ุงู„ุดุฑู‚ูŠุฉุŒ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ู†ุถุน ุดุฑู‚ ุขุณูŠุง ูˆู†ุถุน ุฌู†ูˆุจ ุขุณูŠุง. ูˆู…ุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุฅุฐุง ุฑุฌุนู†ุง ุจุงู„ุฒู…ู† ู„ู„ุฎู„ู ุฅู„ู‰ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุนุงู… 1970ุŸู„ู‚ุฏ ูƒุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุฏุจุฉ
And on top of that, we can put East Europe, we can put East Asia, and we put South Asia. And how did it look like if we go back in time, to about 1970? Then there was more of a hump.
ูˆูƒุงู† ุฃุบู„ุจ ู…ู† ุนุงุดูˆุง ููŠ ูู‚ุฑ ู…ุฏู‚ุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุขุณูŠูˆูŠูŠู†
And we have most who lived in absolute poverty were Asians.
ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ูู‚ุฑ ููŠ ุขุณูŠุง. ูˆุฅุฐุง ุชุฑูƒุช ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ูŠุชุญุฑูƒ ู„ู„ุฃู…ุงู… ุงู„ุขู† ุณุชู„ุงุญุธูˆู† ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุน ุงุฒุฏูŠุงุฏ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุณูƒุงู†ุŒ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู…ุฆุงุช ุงู„ู…ู„ุงูŠูŠู† ููŠ ุขุณูŠุง ูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆู† ู…ู† ุฎุท ุงู„ูู‚ุฑ ูˆุงู„ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ูŠุฏุฎู„ูˆุง ููŠู‡ุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู†ู…ุท ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
The problem in the world was the poverty in Asia. And if I now let the world move forward, you will see that while population increases, there are hundreds of millions in Asia getting out of poverty and some others getting into poverty, and this is the pattern we have today.
ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุฃูุถู„ ุชู‚ุฏูŠุฑุงุช ุงู„ุจู†ูƒ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ูŠุŒ ูุฅู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุณูˆู ูŠุญุฏุซ ูˆู„ู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุนุงู„ู… ู…ู‚ุณู…. ุณูˆู ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃุบู„ุจ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชูˆุณุทุฉ
And the best projection from the World Bank is that this will happen, and we will not have a divided world. We'll have most people in the middle.
ูˆุจุงู„ุทุจุน ูู‡ูˆู‡ู†ุง ู…ู‚ูŠุงุณ ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู…ูŠ ู„ูƒู† ู…ูู‡ูˆู…ู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฆูˆูŠุฉ. ู†ุญู† ู†ู†ุธุฑ ุฅู„ูŠู‡
Of course it's a logarithmic scale here, but our concept of economy is growth with percent.
ูƒุฅู…ูƒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฆูˆูŠุฉ. ุฅุฐุง ู‚ู…ุช ุจุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ูˆุฃุฎุฐุช
We look upon it as a possibility of percentile increase.
ุญุตุฉ ุงู„ูุฑุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌ ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูŠ ุงู„ุฅุฌู…ุงู„ูŠ ุจุฏู„ุงู‹ ู…ู† ุฏุฎู„ ุงู„ุฃุณุฑุฉุŒ ูˆุญูˆู„ุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ูุฑุฏูŠุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ุฅู‚ู„ูŠู…ูŠุฉ ู„ุฅุฌู…ุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌ ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูŠ ูˆุฃุฎุฐุช ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจุงู„ุฃุณูู„ ู‡ู†ุงุŒ ู„ุง ูŠุฒุงู„ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ูู‚ุงุนุฉ ูŠู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุณูƒุงู†
If I change this, and take GDP per capita instead of family income, and I turn these individual data into regional data of gross domestic product, and I take the regions down here, the size of the bubble is still the population.
ูˆุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ู†ุธู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชุนุงูˆู† ูˆุงู„ุชู†ู…ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู† ุงู„ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏูŠ ู‡ู†ุงูƒุŒ ูˆุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฅูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุง ุฌู†ูˆุจ ุงู„ุตุญุฑุงุก ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ูˆู†ุฃุฎุฐ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠุฉ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุฃุชูŠ ู…ู† ุฅูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุง ูˆู…ู† ุขุณูŠุงุŒ ูˆู†ุถุนู‡ู… ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ู…ู†ูุตู„ุฉ ูˆูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุชูˆุณูŠุน ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุญูˆุฑุŒ ูˆูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุฃุนุทูŠู‡ ุจุนุฏู‹ุง ุฌุฏูŠุฏู‹ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุจุฅุถุงูุฉ ุงู„ู‚ูŠู… ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠุฉ ู‡ู†ุงูƒุŒ ุจู‚ุงุก ุงู„ุทูู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ูŠุฏ ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ
And you have the OECD there, and you have sub-Saharan Africa there, and we take off the Arab states there, coming both from Africa and from Asia, and we put them separately, and we can expand this axis, and I can give it a new dimension here, by adding the social values there, child survival.
ุงู„ุขู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุญูˆุฑุŒ ูˆุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฅู…ูƒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจู‚ุงุก ุงู„ุทูู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ูŠุฏ ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ
Now I have money on that axis, and I have the possibility of children to survive there.
ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุจู„ุฏุงู†ุŒ ุชุธู„ ู†ุณุจุฉ 99.7 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุฆุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ูŠุฏ ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ ู„ุณู† ุฎู…ุณ ุณู†ูˆุงุช ูˆููŠ ุจู„ุฏุงู† ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ 70 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุฆุฉ ูู‚ุท. ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุชุจุฏูˆ ูุฌูˆุฉ ุจูŠู† ู…ู†ุธู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชุนุงูˆู† ูˆุงู„ุชู†ู…ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏูŠ ูˆุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒุง ุงู„ู„ุงุชูŠู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุฃูˆุฑูˆุจุง ุงู„ุดุฑู‚ูŠุฉ ูˆุดุฑู‚ ุขุณูŠุง ูˆุงู„ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุฌู†ูˆุจ ุขุณูŠุง ูˆุฃูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุง ุฌู†ูˆุจ ุงู„ุตุญุฑุงุก
In some countries, 99.7% of children survive to five years of age; others, only 70. And here, it seems, there is a gap between OECD, Latin America, East Europe, East Asia, Arab states, South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ู‚ูˆูŠุฉ ุจูŠู† ุจู‚ุงุก ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ูŠุฏ ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุงู„
The linearity is very strong between child survival and money.
ูˆู„ูƒู† ุฏุนูˆู†ูŠ ุฃู‚ุณู‘ู… ุฌู†ูˆุจ ุงู„ุตุญุฑุงุก ุงู„ุฅูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุฉ. ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุตุญูŠุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุตุญูŠุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ
But let me split sub-Saharan Africa. Health is there and better health is up there.
ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ูŠ ุฃู† ุฃู‚ุณู… ุฌู†ูˆุจ ุงู„ุตุญุฑุงุก ุงู„ุฃูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ูƒูˆู†ุฉ ู„ู‡ุง
I can go here and I can split sub-Saharan Africa into its countries.
ูˆุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ูŠูƒูˆู† ุญุฌู… ุงู„ูู‚ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ู…ุซู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุจู„ุฏ ู‡ูˆ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ุณูƒุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ
And when it burst, the size of its country bubble is the size of the population.
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุณูŠุฑุงู„ูŠูˆู† ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณูู„. ูˆู…ูˆุฑูŠุดูŠูˆุณ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ูˆุฑูŠุดูŠูˆุณ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฃูู„ุชุช ู…ู† ุงู„ุญูˆุงุฌุฒ ุงู„ุชุฌุงุฑูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุชู…ูƒู†ุช ู…ู† ุจูŠุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุชู†ุชุฌู‡ ุชู…ูƒู†ูˆุง ู…ู† ุจูŠุน ุงู„ุฃู‚ู…ุดุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠู†ุชุฌูˆู†ู‡ุง ุจู†ูุณ ู…ุนุงูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ููŠ ุฃูˆุฑูˆุจุง ูˆููŠ ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒุง ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ
Sierra Leone down there. Mauritius is up there. Mauritius was the first country to get away with trade barriers, and they could sell their sugar -- they could sell their textiles -- on equal terms as the people in Europe and North America.
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ูุฑู‚ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุจูŠู† ุฃูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุง. ูˆุบุงู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุตู
There's a huge difference between Africa. And Ghana is here in the middle.
ูˆููŠ ุณูŠุฑุงู„ูŠูˆู†ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุนูˆู†ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†ูŠุฉ
In Sierra Leone, humanitarian aid.
ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุฃูˆุบู†ุฏุงุŒ ุงู„ู…ุนูˆู†ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ู…ุงุฆูŠุฉ. ูˆู‡ู†ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงุณุชุซู…ุงุฑ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุชุŒ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ
Here in Uganda, development aid.
ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชุฐู‡ุจ ู„ู‚ุถุงุก ุงู„ุฅุฌุงุฒุฉ. ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุชู†ูˆุน ูƒุจูŠุฑ
Here, time to invest; there, you can go for a holiday.
ุฏุงุฎู„ ุฃูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุง ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู†ุงุฏุฑู‹ุง ู…ุง ู†ุฏุฑูƒู‡ โ€“ ูˆุฃู†ู‡ุง ู…ุชุณุงูˆูŠุฉ ููŠ ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก
It's a tremendous variation within Africa which we rarely often make -- that it's equal everything.
ูˆูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุฃู‚ุณู‘ู… ุฌู†ูˆุจ ุขุณูŠุง ู‡ู†ุง. ุงู„ู‡ู†ุฏ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ูู‚ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ูƒุจุฑู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุตู
I can split South Asia here. India's the big bubble in the middle.
ู„ูƒู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ูุฑู‚ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุจูŠู† ุฃูุบุงู†ุณุชุงู† ูˆุณุฑูŠู„ุงู†ูƒุง
But a huge difference between Afghanistan and Sri Lanka.
ูˆูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุฃู‚ุณู‘ู… ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฏ ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠุฉ. ูˆูƒูŠู ุฐู„ูƒุŸ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ูู†ุงุฎุŒ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุซู‚ุงูุฉ
I can split Arab states. How are they?
ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฏูŠู†. ูุฑู‚ ูƒุจูŠุฑ. ุญุชู‰ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฏ ุงู„ู…ุชุฌุงูˆุฑุฉ
Same climate, same culture, same religion -- huge difference. Even between neighbors.
ููŠ ุงู„ูŠู…ู†ุŒ ุงู„ุญุฑุจ ุงู„ุฃู‡ู„ูŠุฉ. ููŠ ุงู„ุฅู…ุงุฑุงุช ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉุŒ ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุงู„ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจุดูƒู„ ู…ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ูˆุชูุณุชุบู„ ูƒู…ุง ูŠู†ุจุบูŠ
Yemen, civil war. United Arab Emirates, money, which was quite equally and well used.
ูˆู„ูŠุณ ูƒู…ุง ุชู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ุฎุฑุงูุงุช. ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุถู… ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃุทูุงู„ ุงู„ุนุงู…ู„ูŠู† ุงู„ุฃุฌุงู†ุจ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุจู„ุฏ
Not as the myth is. And that includes all the children of the foreign workers who are in the country.
ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ุฏุงุฆู…ู‹ุง ู…ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู…ุง ุชุนุชู‚ุฏ. ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆู† ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ุณูŠุฆุฉ
Data is often better than you think. Many people say data is bad.
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู‡ุงู…ุด ู„ู„ุดูƒุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู† ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ู†ุฑู‰ ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ู‡ู†ุง ูƒุงู…ุจูˆุฏูŠุงุŒ ุณู†ุบุงููˆุฑุฉ. ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงูุงุช ุชุฒูŠุฏ
There is an uncertainty margin, but we can see the difference here: Cambodia, Singapore.
ูƒุซูŠุฑู‹ุง ุนู† ุถุนู ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช. ุดุฑู‚ ุฃูˆุฑูˆุจุง
The differences are much bigger than the weakness of the data.
ุงู„ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏ ุงู„ุณูˆููŠุชูŠ ู„ู…ุฏุฉ ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู† ุจุนุฏ ุนุดุฑ ุณู†ูˆุงุช
East Europe: Soviet economy for a long time, but they come out after 10 years very, very differently.
ุชุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุง. ูˆู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒุง ุงู„ู„ุงุชูŠู†ูŠุฉ
And there is Latin America.
ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู„ุง ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ู†ุฐู‡ุจ ุฅู„ู‰ ูƒูˆุจุง ู„ูƒูŠ ู†ุฌุฏ ุจู„ุฏู‹ุง ูŠุชู…ุชุน ุจุญุงู„ุฉ ุตุญูŠุฉ ุฌูŠุฏุฉ ููŠ ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒุง ุงู„ู„ุงุชูŠู†ูŠุฉ
Today, we don't have to go to Cuba to find a healthy country in Latin America.
ูุณูˆู ูŠู‚ู„ ู…ุนุฏู„ ูˆููŠุงุช ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„ ููŠ ุดูŠู„ูŠ ุนู†ู‡ ููŠ ูƒูˆุจุง ููŠ ุฎู„ุงู„ ุจุถุนุฉ ุณู†ูˆุงุช ู…ู† ุงู„ุขู†
Chile will have a lower child mortality than Cuba within some few years from now.
ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฏ ุฐุงุช ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฏุฎู„ ุงู„ู…ุฑุชูุน ููŠ ู…ู†ุธู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชุนุงูˆู† ูˆุงู„ุชู†ู…ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู† ุงู„ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏูŠ
Here, we have high-income countries in the OECD.
ูˆู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู†ู…ุท ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠ ุจุงู„ูƒุงู…ู„ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆู‡ูˆ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุงู‹ ู…ุดุงุจู‡ ู„ู‡ุฐุง. ูˆุฅุฐุง ู†ุธุฑู†ุง ุฅู„ูŠู‡ ูˆุชุฃู…ู„ู†ุงู‡โ€“ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ููŠ 1960ุŒ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุญุฑูƒ. .1960
And we get the whole pattern here of the world, which is more or less like this. And if we look at it, how the world looks, in 1960, it starts to move.
ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุงูˆุชุณูŠ ุชูˆู†ุฌ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุฌู„ุจ ุงู„ุตุญุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุตูŠู†. ุซู… ู…ุงุช
This is Mao Tse-tung. He brought health to China. And then he died.
ุซู… ุฏูŠู†ุฌ ูƒุณูŠุงูˆ ุจูŠู†ุฌ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุฃุชู‰ ูˆุฌู„ุจ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุตูŠู† ูˆุฃุนุงุฏู‡ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุฑ ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰
And then Deng Xiaoping came and brought money to China, and brought them into the mainstream again.
ูˆู‚ุฏ ุฑุฃูŠู†ุง ูƒูŠู ุฃู† ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฏ ุชุชุญุฑูƒ ููŠ ุงุชุฌุงู‡ุงุช ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ูƒู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆู„ุฐุงุŒ ูู…ู† ุงู„ุตุนุจ ุงู„ุญุตูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุจู„ุฏ ุชู…ุซู„ ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌู‹ุง ู„ู†ู…ุท ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…
And we have seen how countries move in different directions like this, so it's sort of difficult to get an example country which shows the pattern of the world.
ุฃุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ุฃุฑุฌุน ุจูƒู… ุฅู„ู‰ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุนุงู… 1960
But I would like to bring you back to about here, at 1960.
ุฃุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ุฃู‚ุงุฑู† ูƒูˆุฑูŠุง ุงู„ุฌู†ูˆุจูŠุฉุŒ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุจู„ุฏุŒ ู…ุน ุงู„ุจุฑุงุฒูŠู„
I would like to compare South Korea, which is this one, with Brazil, which is this one.
ูˆู‡ูŠ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุจู„ุฏ. ู„ู‚ุฏ ูู‚ุฏุช ุงู„ุชุณู…ูŠุฉ ู‡ู†ุง. ูˆุฃุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ุฃู‚ุงุฑู† ุฃูˆุบู†ุฏุง
The label went away for me here. And I would like to compare Uganda, which is there.
ูˆู‡ูŠ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุจู„ุฏ. ูˆูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุฃุนุฑุถู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงุŒ ู…ุซู„ ุฐู„ูƒ
And I can run it forward, like this.
ูˆูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒู… ุฃู† ุชุฑูˆุง ูƒูŠู ุฃู† ูƒูˆุฑูŠุง ุงู„ุฌู†ูˆุจูŠุฉ ุชุญู‚ู‚ ุชู‚ุฏู…ู‹ุง ุณุฑูŠุนู‹ุง ุฌุฏู‹ุง ุฌุฏู‹ุง ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ุจุฑุงุฒูŠู„ ุฃุจุทุฃ ูƒุซูŠุฑู‹ุง
And you can see how South Korea is making a very, very fast advancement, whereas Brazil is much slower.
ูˆุฅุฐุง ุฑุฌุนู†ุง ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŒ ุฅู„ู‰ ู‡ู†ุงุŒ ูˆุฅุฐุง ุชุชุจุนู†ุงู‡ู… ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒู… ุฃู† ุชุฑูˆุง ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุฃู† ุณุฑุนุฉ ุงู„ุชู†ู…ูŠุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุฌุฏู‹ุงุŒ ููŠ ุญูŠู† ุฃู† ุงู„ุจู„ุฏุงู† ุชุชุญุฑูƒ ููŠ ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุนุฏู„ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ูˆุงู„ุตุญุฉุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู† ูŠุจุฏูˆ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุงู„ุชุญุฑูƒ ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุญูŠู† ุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุตุญูŠุฉ ุฌูŠุฏุฉ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู†ูƒ ุญูŠู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุซุฑูŠุงู‹ ุฃูˆู„ุงู‹
And if we move back again, here, and we put on trails on them, like this, you can see again that the speed of development is very, very different, and the countries are moving more or less in the same rate as money and health, but it seems you can move much faster if you are healthy first than if you are wealthy first.
ูˆู„ูƒูŠ ู†ูˆุถุญ ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ู†ู„ุงุญุธ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู…ุงุฑุงุช ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ
And to show that, you can put on the way of United Arab Emirates.
ูู‡ู… ูŠุฃุชูˆู† ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงุŒ ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุฐุงุช ุซุฑูˆุฉ ู…ุนุฏู†ูŠุฉ. ูู‚ุฏ ุจุงุนูˆ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุจุชุฑูˆู„
They came from here, a mineral country.
ูˆุญุตู„ูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุงู„ุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู† ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชุดุชุฑูŠ ุงู„ุตุญุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุชุฌุฑ
They cached all the oil; they got all the money; but health cannot be bought at the supermarket.
ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ุชุณุชุซู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุตุญุฉ. ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏุงุฑุณ
You have to invest in health. You have to get kids into schooling.
ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุชุฏุฑูŠุจ ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุงู„ุนุงู…ู„ุฉ ุจุงู„ุตุญุฉ. ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ุณูƒุงู†
You have to train health staff. You have to educate the population.
ูˆู‚ุฏ ูุนู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุดูŠุฎ ุฒุงูŠุฏ ุจุดูƒู„ ุฌูŠุฏ
And Sheikh Zayed did that in a fairly good way.
ูˆุจุงู„ุฑุบู… ู…ู† ู‡ุจูˆุท ุฃุณุนุงุฑ ุงู„ู†ูุทุŒ ูู‚ุฏ ุตุนุฏ ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุจู„ุฏ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง
In spite of falling oil prices, he brought this country up here.
ูู†ุญู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ุธู‡ุฑ ุณุงุฆุฏ ู„ู„ุนุงู„ู… ุญูŠุซ ุชู…ูŠู„ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุฃู…ูˆุงู„ู‡ุง ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู† ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ุง ู„ู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠ. ูˆุงู„ุขู†
So we've got a much more mainstream appearance of the world, where all countries tend to use their money better than they used in the past.
ุฅุฐุง ู†ุธุฑุช ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุชูˆุณุท ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ู„ู„ุจู„ุงุฏ. ูู‡ูŠ ูƒุฐู„ูƒ
Now, this is, more or less, if you look at the average data of the countries -- they are like this.
ูˆุงู„ุขู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎุทุฑ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู…ุชูˆุณุท ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุชุŒ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฏ. ูุฅุฐุง ุฐู‡ุจุช ูˆู†ุธุฑุช ู‡ู†ุงุŒ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ู†ุฑู‰ ุฃู† ุฃูˆุบู†ุฏุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู‡ูŠ ููŠ ู†ูุณ ู…ูƒุงู† ูƒูˆุฑูŠุง ุงู„ุฌู†ูˆุจูŠุฉ ุนุงู… 1960. ุฅุฐุง ู‚ู…ุช ุจุชู‚ุณูŠู… ุฃูˆุบู†ุฏุง
Now that's dangerous, to use average data, because there is such a lot of difference within countries. So if I go and look here, we can see that Uganda today is where South Korea was in 1960.
ู†ุฌุฏ ุงุฎุชู„ุงูุงูŽ ูƒุจูŠุฑุงู‹ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุฃูˆุบู†ุฏุง. ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุฃุฎู…ุงุณ ุฃูˆุบู†ุฏุง
If I split Uganda, there's quite a difference within Uganda.
ุฃูƒุซุฑ 20 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุฆุฉ ุซุฑุงุกู‹ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃูˆุบู†ุฏูŠูŠู† ู‡ู… ู‡ู†ุงูƒ
These are the quintiles of Uganda. The richest 20 percent of Ugandans are there.
ูˆุงู„ุฃูู‚ุฑ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณูู„ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ุฅุฐุง ู‚ู…ุช ุจุชู‚ุณูŠู… ุฌู†ูˆุจ ุฅูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุงุŒ ูุณุชูƒูˆู† ูƒุฐู„ูƒ
The poorest are down there. If I split South Africa, it's like this.
ุฅุฐุง ุงุชุฌู‡ุช ู„ู„ุฃุณูู„ ูˆู†ุธุฑุช ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู†ูŠุฌุฑุŒ ุญูŠุซ ูƒุงู†ุช ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู…ุฌุงุนุฉ ู…ูุฌุนุฉ
And if I go down and look at Niger, where there was such a terrible famine, lastly, it's like this.
ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉุŒ ูƒุงู†ุช ูƒุฐู„ูƒ. ุฃูู‚ุฑ 20 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุฆุฉ ู…ู† ุณูƒุงู† ุงู„ู†ูŠุฌุฑ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุฃุบู†ู‰ 20 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุฆุฉ ููŠ ุฌู†ูˆุจ ุฅูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุง ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ูˆู†ุญู† ู†ู…ูŠู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ู†ุงู‚ุดุฉ ุงู„ุญู„ูˆู„ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ุชุชูˆูุฑ ููŠ ุฅูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุง
The 20 percent poorest of Niger is out here, and the 20 percent richest of South Africa is there, and yet we tend to discuss on what solutions there should be in Africa.
ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุฅูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุง. ูˆู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ
Everything in this world exists in Africa.
ู…ู†ุงู‚ุดุฉ ุงู„ูˆุตูˆู„ ุงู„ุดุงู…ู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุนู‚ุงุฑ ู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ู†ู‚ุต ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุจุดุฑูŠุฉ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฎู…ุณ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุจุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฅุณุชุฑุงุชูŠุฌูŠุฉ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุจุงู„ุฃุณูู„. ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ูŠุชู… ูˆุถุน
And you can't discuss universal access to HIV [medicine] for that quintile up here with the same strategy as down here.
ุชุญุณูŠู† ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ููŠ ุงู„ุณูŠุงู‚ ุงู„ุตุญูŠุญุŒ ูˆู„ูŠุณ ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุนู…ู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุฅู‚ู„ูŠู…ูŠ. ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ู†ูƒูˆู† ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุชูุตูŠู„ุงู‹
The improvement of the world must be highly contextualized, and it's not relevant to have it on regional level. We must be much more detailed.
ู†ุฌุฏ ุฃู† ุงู„ุทู„ุงุจ ู…ุชุญู…ุณูŠู† ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…ูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง
We find that students get very excited when they can use this.
ูˆุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ูู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุตุงู†ุนูŠ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณุงุช ูˆู‚ุทุงุนุงุช ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุงุช ุชูˆุฏ ุฃู† ุชุฑู‰ ูƒูŠู ูŠุชุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ูˆุงู„ุขู†ุŒ ู„ู… ู„ุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ุฐู„ูƒุŸ
And even more, policy makers and the corporate sectors would like to see how the world is changing. Now, why doesn't this take place?
ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ู„ุง ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ุชูŠ ู„ุฏูŠู†ุงุŸ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ู… ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ
Why are we not using the data we have?
ููŠ ุงู„ูˆูƒุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฅุญุตุงุฆูŠุฉ ุงู„ูˆุทู†ูŠุฉ ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุงุช ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุธู…ุงุช ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ุญูƒูˆู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰
We have data in the United Nations, in the national statistical agencies and in universities and other non-governmental organizations.
ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ู…ุฎุชููŠุฉ ููŠ ู‚ูˆุงุนุฏ ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช
Because the data is hidden down in the databases.
ูˆุงู„ุฌู…ู‡ูˆุฑ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูˆุงู„ุฅู†ุชุฑู†ุช ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู†ู†ุง ู„ู… ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… ุฐู„ูƒ ุจุดูƒู„ ูุนุงู„ ุญุชู‰ ุงู„ุขู†
And the public is there, and the Internet is there, but we have still not used it effectively.
ูƒู„ ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุงุช ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฑุฃูŠู†ุงู‡ุง ุชุชุบูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ู„ุง ุชุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุฅุญุตุงุฆูŠุงุช ุฐุงุช ุชู…ูˆูŠู„ ุนุงู…. ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุตูุญุงุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุฑู†ุช ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ุŒ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุนุฑููˆู†ู‡ุงุŒ ูู‡ูŠ ุชุฃุฎุฐ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฅุญุตุงุฆูŠุงุช ู…ู† ู‚ูˆุงุนุฏ ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ูŠูุฑุถูˆู† ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุฃุณุนุงุฑู‹ุง ูˆูƒู„ู…ุงุช ู„ู„ู…ุฑูˆุฑ ุจุดูƒู„ ุฃุญู…ู‚ ูˆุฅุญุตุงุฆูŠุงุช ู…ู…ู„ุฉ
All that information we saw changing in the world does not include publicly-funded statistics. There are some web pages like this, you know, but they take some nourishment down from the databases, but people put prices on them, stupid passwords and boring statistics.
ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู„ู† ูŠู†ูุน. ุฅุฐุงู‹ ูู…ุง ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู†ุญุชุงุฌู‡ุŸ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‚ูˆุงุนุฏ ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช
And this won't work. So what is needed? We have the databases.
ู†ุญู† ู„ุณู†ุง ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ู‚ุงุนุฏุฉ ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ. ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฃุฏูˆุงุช ุชุตู…ูŠู… ุฑุงุฆุนุฉ
It's not the new database you need.
ูˆู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ูˆุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ุชู…ุช ุฅุถุงูุชู‡ ู‡ู†ุง. ูู†ุญู† ุจุฏุฃู†ุง
We have wonderful design tools, and more and more are added up here.
ู…ุดุฑูˆุน ุบูŠุฑ ุฑุจุญูŠ ุฃุทู„ู‚ู†ุง ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงุณู… โ€“ ุฑุจุท ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุตู…ูŠู… -- ู†ุญู† ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ "ุงู„ุงู†ุชุจุงู‡ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ูุฌูˆุฉ"ุŒ ูˆู‚ุฏ ุฃุฎุฐู†ุง ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุงุณู… ู…ู† ู…ุชุฑูˆ ู„ู†ุฏู†ุŒ ุญูŠุซ ูŠุญุฐุฑูˆูƒ "ุงุญุฐุฑ ุงู„ูุฌูˆุฉ." ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงุนุชู‚ุฏู†ุง ุฃู† ุงุณู… "ุงู„ุงู†ุชุจุงู‡ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ูุฌูˆุฉ" ูƒุงู† ู…ู†ุงุณุจู‹ุง
So we started a nonprofit venture which, linking data to design, we called Gapminder, from the London Underground, where they warn you, "mind the gap." So we thought Gapminder was appropriate.
ูˆุจุฏุฃู†ุง ููŠ ูƒุชุงุจุฉ ุงู„ุจุฑู†ุงู…ุฌ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠุฑุจุท ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช
And we started to write software which could link the data like this.
ูˆู„ู… ูŠูƒู† ุจุงู„ุบ ุงู„ุตุนูˆุจุฉ. ู„ู‚ุฏ ู‚ุถู‰ ููŠู‡ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุณู†ูˆุงุชุŒ ูˆู‚ุฏ ุฃู†ุชุฌู†ุง ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฑุณูˆู… ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฑูƒุฉ
And it wasn't that difficult. It took some person years, and we have produced animations.
ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุฃุฎุฐ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ูˆูˆุถุนู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุงูƒ
You can take a data set and put it there.
ู†ุญู† ู†ุญุฑุฑ ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ุฃู…ู… ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉุŒ ูˆุงู„ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ู…ู† ู…ู†ุธู…ุงุช ุงู„ุฃู…ู… ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ
We are liberating U.N. data, some few U.N. organization.