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和副秘书长坚持这一核心原则。我认为，正是法国代表提出这样一点，即阿斯塔纳担保国目前提交了一份不平衡和不可行的名单，我们绝对同意他的意见。再说一遍，即使在这最后的几天，如果能够有一个真正的协商进程，那么就应该展开这样一个进程，以便实现有意义的和解。 | I think it was the French representative who made the point that the Astana guarantors had submitted at the moment an unbalanced and unworkable list, and we would absolutely agree with him. Again, even in those last few days, if there can be a genuine consultation process, then there should be one in order to achieve a meaningful reconciliation. |
但我也要指出，我们几乎是在第2254（2015）号决议通过三周年之际开会的，这仍然是我们已经达成的最好的协议，也是我们所作出的最接近结束这场危机的努力。国际社会——不是联合国，而是国际社会——的一个巨大失败是，我们未能共同进一步推进这一进程。但最重要、也是非常明显的是，叙利亚政府在保护其人民方面的巨大失败使我们走到了这一步；叙利亚政府拒绝努力执行第2254（2015）号决议，这绝对是对叙利亚及其人民所造成的所有恐怖和可怕事件的核心所在。 | But I would also like to say that we are meeting almost on the third anniversary of the adoption of resolution 2254 (2015), and it remains the best agreement we have made and the closest we have come to managing to work towards an end to this crisis. It is a huge failure of the international community — not of the United Nations, but of the international community — that collectively we have not been able to advance this more. But above all, and very obviously, it is a huge failure of the Syrian Government to protect its people that has led us to this point, and the Syrian Government’s refusal to work towards the implementation of resolution 2254 (2015) is at the absolute heart of all the horrors and all the awful things that have been inflicted on Syria and its people. |
叙利亚整个冲突的核心问题一直是叙利亚当局拒不解决叙利亚人民正当的不满情绪。这就是当初冲突之所以发生的原因。它仍是一项核心原则、一个基本要素，说明要取得进展，就必须做些什么。特使经常来到安理会，但无法表明该政权有何积极的行动。 | The central problem in the whole Syria conflict has always been the Syrian authorities’ refusal to address the legitimate grievances of the Syrian people. That is how the conflict came about in the first place. It remains a central tenet, an essential element of what has to be done if anything is ever to move forward. The Special Envoy has often come to the Council unable to record any positive movement by the regime. |
我只想再次强调指出，如果没有朝着这个方向迈进，无论在军事上发生什么，叙利亚都看不到重返国际社会的重建或复兴。叙利亚人民也看不到代议制政府，而无论什么临时安排在叙利亚启动生效，它都不会帮助叙利亚当局控制或管理其领土，它当然也不会采取任何行动来满足叙利亚全体人民的合法愿望，无论他们来自哪个宗教或族裔群体。作为这样一个中心点，重新融入意味着能够阻止回到紧张局势和冲突前存在的局势。如果不满足所有叙利亚人民的愿望并且没有一个真正具有代表性的政府，就永远不会结束叙利亚人民的苦难。我真的认为，安理会应该展望未来，重点明确，以及在做计划和思考时首先考虑这样一个问题：将来对叙利亚人民最有帮助的是什么。 | I just want to stress again that, without movement in that direction and whatever happens militarily, Syria will not see reconstruction or rehabilitation into the international community. Its people will not see representative government, and whatever interim arrangement comes into force in Syria, it will not help the Syrian authorities hold their territory or govern it, and it will certainly not do anything to address the legitimate aspirations of all of Syria’s people, regardless of the religious or ethnic community from which they come. As such a central point, rehabilitation means being able to stop a reversion to the tensions and the situation that existed before the conflict. Without addressing the aspirations of all of Syria’s people and a genuinely representative Government, there will never be an end to the suffering of the Syrian people. I really think that the Council should look ahead, focus and keep that question of what will most help the Syrian people in the future right at the forefront of its plans and thinking. |
最后，请允许我就达伊沙说几句话。联合王国一直是全球联盟的主要成员。我们为与其他伙伴一道在打击达伊沙的斗争中发挥作用感到自豪。自军事行动开始以来，联盟及其在叙利亚和伊拉克的伙伴夺得达伊沙绝大多数领土。甚至最近几天，在达伊沙仍占据的叙利亚东部最后一个地区也取得了重大进展。就在过去24小时，联合王国皇家空军积极展开行动。在全球行动中仍有许多工作要做，但我们决不能忽视达伊沙继续构成的威胁，即使在它不再占据领土时。 | Finally, if I may, I would like to say a word about Da’esh. The United Kingdom has been a leading member of the Global Coalition. We are proud of our role, alongside other partners, in the fight against Da’esh. Since military operations began, the coalition and its partners in Syria and Iraq have captured the vast majority of Da’esh territory and even in recent days important advances have been made in the last area of eastern Syria that Da’esh still occupies. The Royal Air Force of the United Kingdom was active in just the past 24 hours. Much remains to be done in the global campaign, but we must not lose sight of the threat that Da’esh continues to pose, even when it no longer holds territory. |
涅边贾先生（俄罗斯联邦）（以俄语发言）：我们感谢斯塔凡·德米斯图拉特使就叙利亚政治局势现状所作的通报。 | Mr. Nebenzia (Russian Federation) (spoke in Russian): We thank Special Envoy Staffan de Mistura for his briefing on the state of the political situation in Syria. |
12月18日，在日内瓦在这一领域取得了重大突破。令人遗憾的是，安全理事会的一些成员不愿意注意到这一点。在根据叙利亚全国对话大会的决定并在阿斯塔纳“三驾马车”的积极协助下进行了紧张、艰苦、困难的工作之后，就宪法委员会的组成作出了决定，并在通往根据第2254（2015）号决议解决叙利亚危机的道路上迈出了非常重要的一步。 | On 18 December there was an important breakthrough in that area in Geneva. It is a pity that a number of members of the Security Council have preferred not to notice it. After intense, painstaking and difficult work based on the decisions of the Syrian National Dialogue Congress and with the active assistance of the Astana troika, the composition of the constitutional committee was decided on and a very important step taken on the path to a settlement of the Syrian crisis on the basis of resolution 2254 (2015). |
同一天，伊朗伊斯兰共和国、俄罗斯联邦及土耳其共和国的外交部长作为阿斯塔纳模式保证国举行了三方会议，并与德米斯图拉先生进行了磋商。在磋商期间，三国提交了将成为宪法委员会成员的民间社会候选人名单。我想强调的是，这份名单已得到大马士革和叙利亚反对派的批准。我应该提醒安理会，该委员会的政府和反对派候选人名单已于5月和7月送交德米斯图拉先生。特使对这些努力表示高度赞赏，并指出阿斯塔纳“三驾马车”为使该进程能够走到这一步所做的重大贡献，我们今天再次听到了这一点。 | On the same day, the Foreign Ministers of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Turkey, as guarantors of the Astana format, held a trilateral meeting, as well as consultations with Mr. De Mistura, at which they handed over the list of civil-society candidates to be included on the constitutional committee. I want to emphasize that the list has been approved by both Damascus and the Syrian opposition. I should remind the Council that the Government and opposition lists for the committee were sent to Mr. De Mistura in May and July. These efforts were greeted with great appreciation by the Special Envoy, who noted the considerable contribution The situation in the Middle East S/PV.8434 that the Astana troika has made to getting the process to this point, and we heard about that again today. |
外长们通过了昨天作为安理会正式文件分发的联合声明。声明指出，在日内瓦会议上，三国外长确认承诺协助启动宪法委员会的工作，包括与叙利亚各方和特使合作确定其一般性指导原则。他们特别强调，宪法委员会成员的妥协精神和建设性参与是确保委员会的决定得到叙利亚人民最大支持的必要条件。 | The Ministers adopted a joint statement that was circulated yesterday as an official Security Council document. It notes that at the meeting in Geneva, the Foreign Ministers of the three countries affirmed their commitment to assisting in launching the work of the constitutional committee, including by working with the Syrian parties and the Special Envoy to define its general guiding principles. They particularly emphasized that a spirit of compromise and constructive participation on the part of its members is an essential condition for ensuring that the committee’s decisions enjoy the greatest possible support from the Syrian people. |
会议商定，将尽一切努力在2019年初在日内瓦举行宪法委员会第一次会议，这将是叙利亚宪法改革准备工作中的重要一步。根据第2254（2015）号决议，叙利亚宪法改革是举行大选的基础。我们坚信，这些步骤是叙利亚人自己在联合国的协助下，并根据第2254（2015）号决议和在索契举行的叙利亚全国对话大会的决定领导和实施的可行的长期政治进程的开始。我们感谢德米斯图拉先生积极努力 | It was agreed that every effort would be made to hold the constitutional committee’s first meeting in Geneva at the beginning of 2019, which would be an important step in the preparations for constitutional reform in Syria, which is the basis on which general elections are to be conducted, in accordance with resolution 2254 (2015). We firmly believe that those steps represent the beginning of a viable, long-term political process, led and implemented by the Syrians themselves, with assistance from the United Nations and in line with resolution 2254 (2015) and the decisions of the Syrian National Dialogue Congress held in Sochi. |
治进程的开始。我们感谢德米斯图拉先生积极努力推进叙利亚政治进程并为阿斯塔纳模式提供帮助。阿斯塔纳模式为从武装对抗转向政治舞台作出了相当大的贡献。我们特别感谢哈萨克斯坦合作伙伴为阿斯塔纳平台的启动和运作做出的贡献。 | We are grateful to Mr. De Mistura for his active efforts to advance the political process in Syria and the help he has given the Astana format, which made a considerable contribution to the shift from armed confrontation to the political arena. We are particularly grateful to our partners from Kazakhstan for their contribution to the launch and functioning of the Astana platform. |
我们意识到，有些人可能对俄罗斯、土耳其和伊朗之间的合作成就不悦。但他们总是不满意。总有一些他们不喜欢的东西。尤其是，其中一些人内心深处仍然希望按照他们称心如意的算盘来重塑中东的计划实现所谓的“政权更迭”。起初，他们说没有宪法委员会是一件坏事。既然现在已就这份名单达成了一致意见，他们又说名单是不平衡的，无论如何都没用。我们不认为这种说法合乎逻辑。我们呼吁所有不执意宣扬改变地缘政治局势的方案，进而否定叙利亚人民真正愿望的人，帮助阿斯塔纳模式的三个保证国根据索契叙利亚全国对话大会的决定和安理会关于叙利亚的各项决议开展叙利亚、中东和整个国际社会需要的全面政治进程。与此同时，重要的是确保政治方面的结果得到真正而非假定的步骤的支持，以解决阿拉伯叙利亚共和国的人道主义问题及其冲突后重建问题。我们经常听到并继续听到特别是我们的西方伙伴说，只有在解决进程取得实际进展的时候，才有可能加强合作并取消单方面制裁。那一刻已经到来，我们希望我们的同事不要食言，不要提出新的政治化条件。 | We are aware that there are some who may be unhappy with the achievements of the cooperation between Russia, Turkey and Iran. But they are always dissatisfied. There is always something that they do not like. First among them are those who deep down still cherish hopes for so-called regime change based on their plans for reshaping the Middle East according to a design that suits them. At first, they said that not having a constitutional committee was a bad thing. Now that the list has been agreed on, they say it is unbalanced and no good anyway. We do not see the logic in that. We call on everyone who is not bent on denying the genuine desires of the Syrian people by promoting scenarios based on geopolitical engineering to help the three guarantor countries of the Astana format to get to work on the comprehensive political process that Syria, the Middle East and the entire international community needs, based on the decisions of the Syrian National Dialogue Congress in Sochi and the Security Council’s resolutions on Syria. At the same time, it will be important to make sure that the results on the political front are supported by genuine rather than hypothetical steps to resolve the Syrian Arab Republic’s humanitarian problems and its post-conflict reconstruction. We have frequently heard, and continue to hear, particularly from our Western partners, that increased cooperation and the lifting of unilateral sanctions will be possible only when real progress has been made on the settlement process. That moment has come, and we hope that our colleagues will not go back on their word and come up with new politicized conditions. |
我们并没有试图给人留下叙利亚一切都很好的印象。今后必须解决许多问题，首先是伊德利卜问题。在那里，我们的土耳其伙伴正在根据他们作出的将恐怖分子和温和派团体分开的现有承诺作出认真努力。我们再次敦促所有对这些团体有影响力的人为它们提供咨询意见。但事实是，叙利亚的局势 | We are not trying to create the impression that all is well in Syria. There are many problems that will have to be resolved in the future, first and foremost in Idlib, where our Turkish partners are making serious efforts based on their existing commitments to separate terrorist and moderate groups. We once again urge all who have influence with those groups to counsel them. |
人为它们提供咨询意见。但事实是，叙利亚的局势确实发生了变化，并且是好转。许多政府已承认这些变化。我们看到该区域希望实现与大马士革关系正常化的各国采取的积极步骤。我们希望，全面恢复阿拉伯国家与叙利亚之间的关系和叙利亚迅速回归阿拉伯大家庭的强烈愿望，将为根据国际法基本原则和《 联合国宪章》规定解决叙利亚问题的进程提供物质支持。 | But the fact is that the situation in Syria has indeed changed, and for the better. Many Governments have acknowledged those changes. We have seen positive steps on the part of States in the region that want to normalize their relations with Damascus. We hope that the desire for the full-fledged restoration of relations between the Arab countries and Syria and Syria’s speedy return to the Arab family will provide material support to the settlement process in Syria, based on the fundamental principles of international law and the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations. |
我们这三个保证国成功地做了各方敦促、说服、施压甚至威胁我们要做的事情。告诉我，其他人可能会做到这一点吗？是否有人认为，只需编制我们自己的名单并将它交给德米斯图拉先生就万事大吉了？我想强调的是，这份合法的名单不是小组先前已同意的那份名单，而是叙利亚各方，即大马士革和反对派的代表商定的名单。这正是发生的事情。 | We, the three guarantor States, have succeeded in doing what we were urged, persuaded, pressured and even threatened to do. Tell me, could anyone else have done it? Does anyone suppose that it could have been done simply by compiling our own list and handing it to Mr. De Mistura? I want to emphasize that the legitimate list was not going to be one that the small group had given its consent to but rather the list that the representatives of the Syrian parties, both Damascus and the opposition, agreed on, and that is exactly what happened. |
我们坚信，我们都有机会发起一个在叙利亚实现可靠、持久解决的真正的政治进程。从逻辑上讲，这个政治进程将基于阿斯塔纳“三驾马车”已经完成的工作的结果。阿斯塔纳三方机制与联合国 | We firmly believe that we all have a chance to launch a genuine political process for a reliable, lasting settlement in Syria. Logically, it will be based on the results of the work already done by the Astana troika. The situation in the Middle East 20/12/2018 |
经完成的工作的结果。阿斯塔纳三方机制与联合国密切协调，随时准备就这一问题大力开展工作。同时，我们认为，最终决定权必须仍然掌握在叙利亚人自己手中。 | The Astana troika, in close coordination with the United Nations, stands ready to energetically work on this issue. At the same time, it is our view that the last word has to remain with the Syrians themselves. |
桑布拉纳·托雷利奥先生（多民族玻利维亚国）（以西班牙语发言）：我们感谢斯塔凡·德米斯图拉特使所提供的信息。我们感谢并肯定他多年来就这一敏感问题开展工作，不仅为安全理事会、而且为国际社会作出不懈努力。我们还要祝愿他的继任者在赋予他的工作中一切顺利。 | Mr. Zambrana Torrelio (Plurinational State of Bolivia) (spoke in Spanish): We are grateful for the information provided by Special Envoy Staffan de Mistura, whom we thank and acknowledge for the work he has done over the years and for his tireless efforts on this sensitive issue, not only for the Security Council but also for the international community. We would also like to wish his successor the best of success in the work entrusted to him. |
我们在担任安理会成员的两年间看到，叙利亚人民迫切希望停止暴力，迫切需要人道主义援助。因此，我们出席了诸多会议，通过这些会议，我们寻求促进安全理事会达成共识和保持团结，以造福叙利亚人民。我们多次不得不发出呼吁，要求不要将这个场所政治化，不要将它用作实地冲突的传声筒，也不要它来实现地缘政治目标。 因此，我们 | During the two years that we have occupied this seat, we have witnessed the urgent need of the Syrian people for a cessation of violence and for humanitarian aid. Accordingly, we attended numerous meetings through which we sought to promote consensus and unity in the Security Council for the benefit of the Syrian people. Many times we had to make a call for this space not to be politicized or for it not to be used as a sounding board for the conflict on the ground or for the achievement of geopolitical objectives. |
筒，也不要它来实现地缘政治目标。 因此，我们强调叙利亚在稳定局势和减少暴力方面所取得的进展。最近数月，这一进展导致实地冲突情况发生了明显变化。我们认为，这一局势的改善原因在于阿斯塔纳进程担保国的努力——它们达成的协议促成设立了重要的缓和区——以及当时俄罗斯与土耳其之间或俄罗斯与美国之间作出的承诺。这一切都促成叙利亚境内暴力减少，为平民带来相对和平。 | That is why we highlight the progress made in stabilizing and reducing violence in the country, which in recent months has led to a tangible change in the state of the conflict on the ground. We believe that the improvement in the situation has been thanks to the efforts of the Astana guarantors, whose agreements made it possible to establish important areas of détente, and to those commitments made between Russia and Turkey or between Russia and the United States at the time, all of which made it possible to reduce violence on Syrian territory, which resulted in relative peace for the civilian population. |
近日，土耳其、俄罗斯、德国和法国于10月27日在伊斯坦布尔签署的协议对民众产生了重大影响，有助于向最有需要的民众提供人道主义援助和紧急医疗护理。我们坚信，这是有关各方对进行对话持开放态度的结果。我们认为，各方必须持续抱持这种态度。另一方面，我们认为，任何涉及单边制裁的措施不仅有违国际法，而且有损叙利亚人道主义局势。 | In recent days, the agreement signed in Istanbul on 27 October among Turkey, Russia, Germany and France had a major impact on the population by allowing humanitarian assistance and emergency medical care to reach those most in need. We are convinced that it is the result of openness to dialogue among the parties involved, which we believe must be a constant. On the other hand, we believe that any measure involving unilateral sanctions is not only contrary to international law but also works to the detriment of the humanitarian situation in Syria. |
我们强调，最近数周举行的会议，特别是特使与阿斯塔纳进程担保国最近在日内瓦举行的会议，极为重要。我们认为，这些会议再次表明，各方愿意推进叙利亚政治进程。我们希望，这些和解举措将取得成果，会促成近期内在联合国推动下组建由叙利亚人自主和领导的可信、平衡、包容和具有代表性的宪法委员会。从中长期看，这将有助于加强实地目前存在的相对和平。 | We emphasize the importance of the meetings held in recent weeks, and particularly the recent meeting in Geneva between the Special Envoy and the Astana guarantors, which we believe served once again to confirm the will to move forward the political process in Syria. We hope that those instances of rapprochement will bear fruit through the establishment, in the near future, of a credible, balanced, inclusive and representative, Syrian-owned and Syrian-led constitutional committee, facilitated by the United Nations, which will allow, in the medium and long term, for a strengthening of the relative peace that now exists on the ground. |
因此，在担任安全理事会成员期间，我们始终指出，军事手段无法解决这一冲突。我们反对任何把叙利亚变成四分五裂或教派林立的国家的企图，也反对未经叙利亚政府批准在叙利亚派驻外国军队。在国际法框架内，我们要求外国军队尽快撤离叙利亚，这主要出于对该国主权、独立、统一和领土完整原则的尊重。我们认为，有关各方应遵守这些原则。 | That is why, throughout our presence in the Security Council, we have stated that there is no military solution to this conflict, and we rejected any attempt at fragmentation or sectarianism in the country, as well as the presence of foreign military forces without the authorization of the Syrian Government. Within the framework of international law, we request that they be withdrawn as soon as possible, but mainly in the context of respect for the principles of sovereignty, independence, unity and territorial integrity of the country. We believe that all parties involved should respect those principles. |
我们再次呼吁通过由叙利亚人领导并为叙利亚人民着想的包容各方的对话和协调一致的政治进程来解决这场冲突。这一进程应满足叙利亚人民的合理愿望，并促成如在1月份于索契市举行的叙利亚全国对话会议的成果中所商定的那样，由联合国主持，在日内瓦进程和第2254（2015年）号决议框架内和平解决这一局势。 | We reiterate our call to resolve this conflict through an inclusive dialogue and concerted political process, led by and for the Syrian people, that satisfies its legitimate aspirations and allows for a peaceful solution to the situation, within the framework of the Geneva process and resolution 2254 (2015), under the auspices of the United Nations and as agreed in the outcome of the Congress of the Syrian National Dialogue, held in the city of Sochi in January. |
最后，我要强调，安全理事会面临的挑战是继续推动各方作出努力，履行承诺，进行对话，以便在不久的将来设立宪法委员会。为此，我还要强调，必须持续支持特使的努力。我们认为，安全理事会必须迎接挑战，保持团结，以推动政治进程，为叙利亚人民达成可持续解决办法。 | I would like to conclude by stressing the challenge facing the Security Council to continue the efforts, commitments and dialogue among the parties that will enable the formation of a constitutional committee in the near future, and, to that end, by emphasizing that support for the efforts of the Special Envoy must be constant. We believe that the Security Council must meet the challenge of remaining united in order to advance a political process that leads to a sustainable solution for the Syrian people. |
吴海涛先生（中国）：我感谢德米斯图拉特使的通报。中方赞赏特使先生4年多来为推动叙利亚问题政治解决进程所做的不懈努力。 | Mr. Wu Haitao (China) (spoke in Chinese): I wish to thank Special Envoy De Mistura for his briefing. China expresses its appreciation for his more than four years of tireless efforts aimed at facilitating the political-settlement process of the Syrian issue. |
近日，在国际社会有关方面共同努力下，叙利亚问题政治解决出现新的积极势头。阿斯塔纳对话会担保国三方外长同德米斯图拉特使会晤并发表联合声明，同意为协助明年初启动宪法委员会工作做出努力。中方对此表示赞赏，希望各方继续相向而行，推动叙利亚政治解决进程尽快取得进展。叙利亚连年冲突，给国家带来沉重的创伤。叙 | In recent days, with the concerted efforts of the parties concerned and the international community, the political settlement of the Syrian issue has seen positive new momentum. The Foreign Ministers of the three Astana guarantors met with Special Envoy De Mistura and issued a joint statement in which they agreed to make efforts to facilitate the work on the establishment of the constitutional committee, which will start early next year. China appreciates that and hopes that all parties will continue to work towards the same goal and meet one another in the middle to push forward the political process in Syria for an early result. |
叙利亚连年冲突，给国家带来沉重的创伤。叙利亚人民渴望实现和平，恢复平静生活，尽快重建家园。当前，《稳定伊德利卜冲突降级区局势的备忘录》得以落实，叙利亚安全形势总体稳定，政治解决叙利亚问题呈现机会之窗。国际社会应当继续坚持外交努力，继续支持联合国发挥斡旋主渠道作用。下一步,应重点推进以下工作: | Years of conflict have taken a heavy toll on the entire country of Syria. The Syrian people yearn for peace, a return to a tranquil life and an early start to rebuilding their homeland. Currently, the memorandum on stabilizing the de-escalation zones in Idlib is being implemented. The security situation in Syria is generally stable, and a window of opportunity for a political settlement to the Syrian issue has opened. The international community should continue to stay committed to diplomatic efforts and support the role of the United Nations as the main channel of mediation. |
用。下一步,应重点推进以下工作: | We should focus on the following tasks moving forward. |
第一、继续推进叙利亚问题政治解决进程。在叙利亚问题政治解决出现新的积极势头的情况下，联合国应继续加强同叙政府协调，推动组建宪法委员会工作取得进展，以启动持续有效的叙利亚政治进程。联合国应继续加大斡旋努力。安理会成员应保持团结，发出一致声音，为政治解决叙利亚问题创造条件。 | First, it is necessary to continue to advance the political-settlement process of the Syrian issue. Against the backdrop of the new positive momentum for the political settlement of the issue, the United Nations should continue to strengthen communication and coordination with the Syrian Government and work for progress in the formation of the constitutional committee, so as to launch a sustainable and effective Syrian political process. The United Nations should continue to enhance its mediation efforts. The members of the Security Council should maintain unity and speak with one voice in order to create conditions for a political settlement of the Syrian issue. |
第二、推动安全局势持续向好。叙利亚问题有关各方应推动继续落实已达成的停火协议，维护伊德利卜非军事区的有效运作。国际社会应加强反恐合作，统一标准，打击所有安理会列名的恐怖组织，防止恐怖组织卷土重来，破坏来之不易的安全形势。 | Secondly, it is necessary to facilitate the continued improvement of the security situation. The parties concerned should continue to promote the implementation of the ceasefire agreement reached and maintain the effective functioning of the Idlib demilitarized zone. The international community should strengthen counter-terrorism cooperation, unify standards and combat all terrorist organizations listed by the Council as such, so as to prevent such terrorist organizations from making a comeback and undermining the hard-won improvement in the security situation. |
第三、推动叙利亚各方相向而行。叙利亚问题有关各方应根据联合国安理会第2254（2015）号决议等精神，在尊重叙利亚主权、独立、统一和领土完整的基础上，根据“叙人所有、叙人主导”原则，推动叙各方通过包容性政治进程，寻找各方都可接受的解决方案。 | Thirdly, the parties in Syria should be urged to work towards the same goal and meet one another halfway. The parties concerned on the Syrian issue should follow the spirit of resolution 2254 (2015), inter alia, and act on the basis of respect for Syria’s sovereignty, independence, unity and territorial integrity and in accordance with the Syrian-owned and Syrian-led principle to facilitate the efforts of the parties in Syria to find a solution acceptable to all through an inclusive political process. |
中方一贯坚持政治解决叙利亚问题。中国政府叙利亚问题特使解晓岩大使近期访问纽约联合国总部和日内瓦，同联合国等有关各方加强沟通与协调，为叙利亚政治进程提供支持。中方愿同国际社会一道，为推进叙利亚问题政治解决发挥积极和建设性作用。 | China has always been committed to the political solution of the Syrian issue. The Special Envoy of the Chinese Government on the Syrian issue, Mr. Xie Xiaoyan, recently visited United Nations Headquarters in New York and Geneva to strengthen communication and coordination with the United Nations and other parties with a view to providing support for the Syrian political process. China stands ready to work with international community to play a positive and constructive role in advancing a political settlement of the Syrian issue. |
主席（以法语发言）：我现在以科特迪瓦代表的身份发言。 | The President (spoke in French): I shall now make a statement in my capacity as the representative of Côte d’Ivoire. |
我谨再次感谢斯塔凡·德米斯图拉先生就阿拉伯叙利亚共和国政治进程作了出色通报。 | I would like once again to congratulate Mr. Staffan de Mistura for his excellent briefing on the political process in the Syrian Arab Republic. |
我们欣见，11月28日和29日，解决叙利亚危机的阿斯塔纳进程在阿斯塔纳举行了第十一次会议。我国欢迎那次会议结束时发表的联合声明，其中强调必须“加强各级磋商，帮助叙利亚人民恢复正常生活，维护叙利亚的领土完整”。 | We welcome the holding of the eleventh meeting of the Astana process on the settlement of the Syrian crisis, which took place on 28 and 29 November in Astana. My country welcomes the joint statement issued at the end of that meeting, which stressed the need “to intensify consultations at all levels to help the Syrian people to return to a normal life and preserve the territorial integrity of Syria”. |
声明还重申“致力于维护阿拉伯叙利亚共和国的主权、独立和领土完整，以及尊重《联合国宪章》的原则”。 | The declaration further reaffirmed, “the commitment to the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of the Syrian Arab Republic, as well as respect for the principles of the Charter of the United Nations”. |
我还呼吁冲突各方执行9月17日在俄罗斯联邦和土耳其主持下在索契签署的伊德利卜省非军事区协议。 | I also call on all parties to the conflict to implement the agreement providing for a demilitarized zone in Idlib governorate, which was signed 17 September in Sochi under the auspices of the Russian Federation and Turkey. |
此外，科特迪瓦欢迎阿斯塔纳进程所设工作组和联合国制定的试点项目框架内取得的进展，该项目旨在调查失踪人员的下落并释放被拘留者。这一进展，包括11月24日叙利亚政府和叙利亚北部武装团体交换囚犯，是朝着冲突各方之间建立信任迈出的决定性一步。冲突各方也应采用正义和问责原则，作为寻求所有信仰和族群的叙利亚人民和平共处的必要步骤。 | Moreover, Côte d’Ivoire welcomes the progress made within the framework of the pilot project prepared by the working group established by the Astana process and the United Nations, which aims at investigating the fate of missing persons and releasing those detained. That progress, which included the exchange of prisoners between the Syrian Government and armed groups in the northern part of Syria on 24 November, constitutes a decisive step towards building confidence among the parties to the conflict. The principles of justice and accountability should also be applied by all parties to the conflict as a necessary step in the search for achieving peaceful coexistence among all Syrian people of all creeds and communities. |
我国代表团感到关切的是，12月12日，土耳其总统宣布在叙利亚对库尔德人民保卫部队发起新的攻势，安卡拉认为这支部队是分裂主义恐怖组织。因此，科特迪瓦呼吁土耳其当局优先开展谈判，避免爆发新的暴力，导致大规模流离失所现象，加剧已经令人担忧的人道主义局势。此外，根据第2254(2015)号决议，我国呼吁叙利亚各方创造必要条件，使难民和流离失所者能够自愿、体面和安全地返回家园，并使受冲突影响的地区能够实现恢复。 | My delegation is concerned about the announcement by the Turkish President on 12 December of the launching of a new offensive in Syria against the Kurdish People’s Protection Units, which Ankara considers a separatist terrorist organization. Côte d’Ivoire therefore calls on the Turkish authorities to prioritize negotiations so as to avoid a new outbreak of violence that would lead to massive displacement of people and exacerbate the already alarming humanitarian situation. Furthermore, in accordance with resolution 2254 (2015), my country calls on the Syrian parties to create the conditions necessary to enable refugees and displaced persons to return voluntarily and in dignity and safety to their home areas and to enable conflict-affected areas to recover. |
科特迪瓦赞同10月27日和28日伊斯坦布尔四方首脑会议发出的呼吁，即切实设立宪法委员会，并在2018年底之前起草新宪法。在这方面，科特迪瓦欢迎最近在日内瓦举行的关于建立一个包容和可信的宪法委员会的会议。这样一个宪法委员会将能够重新启动目前陷入僵局的政治进程，为在联合国监督下举行自由公正的选举铺平道路。 | Côte d’Ivoire endorses the appeal made in Istanbul on 27 and 28 October during the quadrilateral summit for the effective establishment of a constitutional committee and for drafting a new constitution by late 2018. In that regard, Côte d’Ivoire welcomes the most recent Geneva meeting on the implementation on an inclusive and credible constitutional committee. Such a constitutional committee will enable relaunching the political process, which is at a deadlock, and will pave the way for the holding of free and impartial elections under United Nations supervision. |
在德米斯图拉先生即将离任之际，科特迪瓦对他坚定不移地致力于在阿拉伯叙利亚共和国实现和平深表感谢。科特迪瓦谨借此机会衷心感谢他在执行秘书长赋予他的使命期间作出不懈努力。我国赞扬他过去四年来所做的出色工作，并表现出奉献和自我牺牲精神，为恢复阿拉伯叙利亚共和国和平与持久稳定作出了重大贡献。此外，科特迪瓦敦促所有利益攸关方支持新任特使裴凯儒先生成功执行任务。 | As Mr. De Mistura is about to leave his post, Côte d’Ivoire expresses its deep gratitude to him for his unfailing commitment to bringing about peace in the Syrian Arab Republic. Côte d’Ivoire would like to take this opportunity to pay heart-felt tribute to him for his tireless efforts during the mission that the Secretary-General conferred upon him. My country recognizes his excellent work over the past four years, his dedication and self-sacrifice in significantly contributing to the restoration of peace and lasting stability in the Syrian Arab Republic. Furthermore, Côte d’Ivoire urges all stakeholders to support Mr. Geir Pedersen, the new Special Envoy, in successfully carrying out his mandate. |
最后，我国再次呼吁政治解决叙利亚冲突，并敦促叙利亚各方恢复谈判。 | In conclusion, my country reiterates its call for a political resolution to the conflict in Syria and urges the Syrian parties to resume negotiations. |
我现在恢复履行安理会主席的职责。 | I now resume my functions as President of the Council. |
我请阿拉伯叙利亚共和国代表发言。 | I give the floor to the representative of the Syrian Arab Republic. |
贾法里先生（阿拉伯叙利亚共和国）(以阿拉伯语发言)：今天特使在通报开始时指出，叙利亚人民遭受苦难为时太久，已经超过第二次世界大战的持续时间。他说得很对。然而，正如安全理事会成员所知，每个故事都有开始和结束。所以，不可能将安理会所称的“叙利亚危机”简化为几次正式的发言，即使这些发言貌似很重要。安理会成员如果记忆力不错，就不应忘记危机开始的情况以及某些国家政府(其中一些是安理会成员)发挥了不可告人的作用，它们制造了这场危机，并且创造必要条件促使危机恶化，目的是干涉我国内政，改变本地区的地缘政治格局。 | Mr. Ja’afari (Syrian Arab Republic) (spoke in Arabic): The Special Envoy began his briefing today by pointing out that the Syrian people have suffered for a period longer than the duration of the Second World War. What he said is correct. As members of the Security Council know, however, every story has a beginning and an end. That is why it is impossible to summarize what the Council has termed “the Syrian crisis” and reduce it to a few formal remarks, even if they seem important. Council members who have a long memory should not forget the circumstances surrounding the beginning of the crisis and the hidden roles played by certain Governments, some of whom are members of the Council, to make up the crisis and create the conditions necessary for it to worsen for the sake of their agendas of internal interference in order to change the geopolitical landscape in our region. |
我要提醒安理会成员注意一个细小、却十分重要的细节。卡塔尔前总理在国家电视上露面时，承认卡塔尔和沙特阿拉伯按照其美国主子的命令，已经花费了1370亿美元来摧毁叙利亚。这是卡塔尔前首相谢赫哈马德·阿勒萨尼说的话。大家都会记得，他曾于2011年来到安全理事会，鼓动安理会成员与叙利亚国对抗。此人在卡塔尔电视上承认，卡塔尔和沙特阿拉伯花费了1370亿美元来摧毁叙利亚。我说的只是卡塔尔和沙特阿拉伯已经花费了1370亿美元。那么，将这名卡塔尔官员讲的话与达伊沙、努斯拉阵线以及伊拉克和叙利亚境内其他塔克菲里恐怖组织的出现联系起来，难道不是合情合理的吗？这难道不是一个合理的问题吗？有没有任何一个理智、聪明的人会相信，这些恐怖组织如同来自外太空的陨石一样，落在叙利亚和伊拉克境内？这是我向安理会成员提出的问题。 | I would remind Council members of the following minor, but important, detail. During an appearance by the former Prime Minister of Qatar on national television, he admitted that Qatar and Saudi Arabia had spent $137 billion to destroy Syria by orders of their American masters. That statement was made by the former Prime Minister of Qatar, Sheikh Hamad Al Thani. Everyone will recall that he came to the Security Council in 2011 to pit Council members against the Syrian State. That man acknowledged on Qatari television that Qatar and Saudi Arabia spent $137 billion to destroy Syria. I am speaking only about Qatar and Saudi Arabia having spent $137 billion. Would it then not seem legitimate to make the link between the statement of that Qatari official and the emergence of Da’esh, the Al-Nusra Front and other takfiri terrorist organizations in Iraq and Syria? Is that not a legitimate question? Would any reasonable, intelligent person believe that those terrorist organizations fell on Syria The situation in the Middle East S/PV.8434 and Iraq like meteorites from outer space? That is the question that I am asking the members of the Council. |
我以前曾经说过，我要在本会议厅里再说一遍。与以往任何时候相比，现在更加应该客观和正确地解读叙利亚局势，帮助叙利亚政府在我们盟友的协助下摆脱日渐式微的恐怖主义战争。这种解读对于消除达伊沙、努斯拉阵线及其被误导和残暴的附属团体的残余分子也是必要的。这是应该做的努力，而不是采取激进的立场来讹诈叙利亚政府和人民，延长恐怖主义战争，并扩大其对叙利亚、该地区和世界的破坏性影响。本来应当这样做，而不是重蹈致使不止一个国家遭到摧毁的失败的覆辙。现在是一些人停止脱离现实的时候了。他们必须放弃他们的最后幻想，必须认识到，他们通过恐怖主义和支持恐怖主义无法达到的，通过政治也无法达到。 | I said this before and I will say it again in this Chamber. More than ever, it is high time to objectively and correctly read the situation in Syria in order to help the Syrian Government rid itself of the waning terrorist war with the help of our allies. Such a reading is also necessary to eliminate the remnants of Da’esh, the Al-Nusra Front and their affiliated misled and thuggish groups. That is what should have been done instead of adopting radical positions to blackmail the Government and the people of Syria, prolong the terrorist war and extend its destructive effects on Syria, the region and the world. That should have been done instead of repeating failed recipes that have resulted in the destruction of more than one country. It is high time for some to stop disassociating themselves from reality. They must give up the last of their illusions and realize that they will not be able to get through politics that they were unable to get through terrorism and sponsoring terrorism. |
叙利亚政府已对旨在使我们摆脱目前危机的所有倡议和真诚努力表现出开放态度。正因如此-安理会意识到这一点-基于我们的国家责任感，基于我国人民的利益，我们表明了我们对联合国各项努力的承诺与合作，无论是在科菲·安南先生、拉赫达尔•卜拉希米先生或斯塔凡·德米斯图拉先生访问期间，都是如此。在这方面，我们欢迎任命裴凯儒先生为秘书长叙利亚问题新特使，我们准备与他密切合作。 | The Government of Syria has demonstrated its openness to all initiatives and sincere efforts aimed at bringing us out of the current crisis. That is why — and the Council is aware of this — based on our sense of national responsibility and what is in the interests of our people, we have demonstrated our commitment to, and cooperation with, United Nations efforts, whether during the mission of Mr. Kofi Annan, Mr. Lakhdar Brahimi or Mr. Staffan de Mistura. In that regard, we welcome the appointment of Mr. Geir Pedersen as the new Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Syria, and we are prepared to work in close cooperation with him. |
今天，我重申，叙利亚政府愿意有效参与任何旨在达成政治解决的认真努力，在这项解决办法中，叙利亚人完全通过叙利亚内部对话和在叙利亚人的领导下决定自己的未来。这一解决办法应基于这样一个事实，即叙利亚人民是在不受外部干涉的情况下决定自己国家未来这一权利的唯一、专属拥有者，同时保障叙利亚的主权、独立和领土完整。这些事项都得到了国际法、《联合国宪章》和安理会关于叙利亚的30项决议的确认。 | Today I reiterate the willingness of the Syrian Government to participate effectively in any serious efforts aimed at reaching a political solution, one in which Syrians exclusively decide on their future through inter-Syrian dialogue and under Syrian leadership. That solution should be based on the fact that the people of Syria are the sole and exclusive holders of the right to determine the future of their country without external interference, while guaranteeing the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of Syria. Those are matters that have all been confirmed by international law, the Charter of the United Nations and the 30 Council resolutions concerning Syria. |
叙利亚任何政治解决办法的成功都取决于在各种相关问题上与叙利亚政府的密切合作与协调。要取得成功，还需要国际社会作出承诺，拿出真正的政治意愿，彻底消除剩余的恐怖主义组织，并清除在叙利亚领土上的非法外国部队。要取得成功，叙利亚政府及其盟友为达成我们大家都渴望的政治解决所作的真诚努力必须不再受到阻碍。 | The success of any political solution in Syria depends upon close cooperation and coordination with the Syrian Government on various relevant issues. Success also calls for international commitment and genuine political will to fully eliminate the remaining terrorist organizations and the removal of the illegitimate foreign forces present on Syrian territory. Success requires that the sincere efforts of the Syrian Government and its allies to reach the political solution to which we all aspire no longer be hindered. |
在这场肮脏和史无前例的战争强加于我国近八年之后，必须注意到某些国家的一种咄咄怪事。这一咄咄怪事就是它们的言行之间的明显矛盾，这使我们想起一句意大利谚语：“言行之间有天壤之别”。这些国家表示，叙利亚的主权、独立和领土完整应得到尊重，解决办法必须是由叙利亚人主导的不受外部干涉的叙利亚内部解决办法。这些言论如何能够与这些国家的行动相一致，特别是它们对叙利亚的直接军事侵略、对叙利亚某些地区的入侵、对武装恐怖团体的支持，以及建立政治团体，而其唯一目的是破坏叙利亚内部解决办法？ | Almost eight years after this dirty and unprecedented war was imposed on my country, it is important to note a strange paradox among certain States. That paradox is the clear contradiction between their deeds and their words, which reminds us of this Italian proverb: “There is a sea between saying and doing”. Those States say that the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of Syria are to be respected, and that the solution must be an inter-Syrian solution led by Syria without external interference. How can those words be reconciled with the actions of those States, in particular their direct military aggression against Syria, their invasion of some parts of Syria, their support to armed terrorist groups, as well as their creation of political groups whose only objective is to undermine the inter-Syrian solution? |
这些国家继续重蹈过去失败的覆辙。他们拼命试图创造一种以对抗和新的角色分工为特点的景象，以破坏区域稳定，造成区域各国之间的冲突，以利于以色列及其盟友“消灭”巴勒斯坦问题的计划。它们还试图将它们从世界各地网罗来的外国恐怖分子称为叙利亚反对派。 | Those States continue to rely on the failed recipes of the past. They are desperately trying to create the image of a landscape characterized by confrontation and the new division of roles in order to destabilize the region, causing conflict among its various States for the sake of the plans of Israel and its allies to “assassinate” the Palestinian question. They also try to characterize the foreign terrorists whom they have brought in from the four corners of the world as the Syrian opposition. |
关于温和反对派问题，请允许我介绍“温和的叙利亚武装反对派”的一些关键人物。这些知名人士为了成为叙利亚反对派，在其母国的情报实验室中经过了基因改造。名单很长，我仅举几个名字：车臣人Abu Omar、土耳其人Abu Mekdad、 沙特人AbuMusab、 利比亚人Abu Suhaib、 英国人Abu John、突尼斯人Abu Muhammad、美国人Abu Huraira、突厥斯坦人Abu Moaz、埃及人Abu Hafsa、加拿大人Abu Abdul Rahman、约旦人Abu Abdullah、 科威特人Al-Kuwaiti、 法国人Abu Murrah、比利时人AbuOud、 澳大利亚人Abu Walid、维吾尔人AbdulhaqJundallah，还有努斯拉阵线的伊斯兰教法官、沙特阿拉伯的Abdullah Al-Muhaisini。这些人是“温和的叙利亚武装反对派”的重要人物。 | On the subject of the moderate opposition, allow me to present some of the key figures of that “moderate armed Syrian opposition”. Those eminent persons were genetically modified in the intelligence labs of their parent countries in order to become the Syrian opposition. The list is long, but I shall name a few: Abu Omar the Chechen, Abu Mekdad the Turk, Abu Musab the Saudi, Abu Suhaib the Libyan, Abu John the Briton, Abu Muhammad the Tunisian, Abu Huraira the American, Abu Moaz the Turkistani, Abu Hafsa the Egyptian, Abu Abdul Rahman the Canadian, Abu Abdullah the Jordanian, Abu Talha the Kuwaiti, Abu Murrah the Frenchman, Abu Oud the Belgian, Abu Walid the Australian, Abdulhaq Jundallah the Uyghur, and the The situation in the Middle East 20/12/2018 mufti of the Al-Nusra Front,Abdullah Al-Muhaisini from Saudi Arabia. Those are the prominent figures of the “moderate armed Syrian opposition”. |
这种政治虚伪在安全理事会继续存在，暴露了这些国家的真正政治意图，它们八年来一直全力支持对恐怖主义进行军事、媒体和政治投资，这在道义上严重违背了安理会的所有决议，导致了无辜叙利亚人民的无数悲剧和痛苦。 | The political hypocrisy continues under the roof of the Security Council, revealing the true political intentions of those States that for eight years have been putting their full military, media and political weight behind investing in terrorism, in a grave moral contradiction of all the resolutions of the Council. That has led to innumerable tragedies and the suffering of the innocent Syrian people. |
应尽快设立在索契举行的叙利亚人全国对话会议产生的宪法委员会。必须回顾，叙利亚国率先提供了受邀成员名单，特使也证实了这一点。叙利亚政府与其盟友一道非常认真地努力克服一些方面所设置的障碍，它们设置障碍的目的是阻止该委员会的成立，并使之偏离既定目标。因此，没有人有权怀疑叙利亚政府对这一进程的支持或对索契会议成果的承诺。 | The constitutional committee emerging from the inter-Syrian national dialogue conference in Sochi should be established as soon as possible. It must be recalled that the Syrian State was the first to provide the list of invited members, and the Special Envoy attests to that. The Government of Syria has worked very seriously with its allies to overcome the obstacles imposed by some parties to prevent the formation of the committee and to divert it from its set objectives. Nobody therefore has the right to doubt the Syrian Government’s support of that process or its commitment to the outcome of the Sochi conference. |
我们一贯欢迎特使发挥宪法委员会调解人的作用，我们将继续这样做。然而，我们再次强调，根据《联合国宪章》和中立、完整和不干涉会员国内政的原则，任何人都不能宣称是这一进程的第三方参与者。这就是本组织的缔造者们所说的话。我们自己于1945年参加了联合国的建立。 | We have always welcomed the role of the Special Envoy as facilitator of the constitutional committee, and we will continue to do so. Nevertheless, we stress once again that no one can proclaim to be a third-party participant in the process, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of neutrality, integrity and non-interference in the internal affairs of Member States. That is what the founding fathers of the Organization said. We ourselves took part in the establishment of the United Nations in 1945. |
我们重申，宪法和所有相关问题纯属主权问题，应由叙利亚人自己决定，不受外部干涉。对委员会的工作及其建议事先确定结论或条件是不能接受的。委员会是自主的，应由委员会决定提出什么建议，而不是任何其他国家或方面。对委员会的工作强加最后期限或人为的时限是不能接受的，那样做将适得其反，因为宪法将为今后世代确定叙利亚的未来。 | We reaffirm that the constitution and all relevant issues are purely sovereign issues to be decided by Syrians themselves, without external interference. It is unacceptable to set in advance conclusions or conditions on the work of the committee and its recommendations. The committee is autonomous. It is the committee that decides what recommendations to make, and not any other State or party. It is unacceptable to impose deadlines or artificial timelines on the work of the committee. That would be counterproductive because the constitution will define the future of Syria for generations to come. |
最后，我国叙利亚一贯认真致力于通过叙利亚人领导的叙利亚内部对话，在不受外部干预的情况下实现政治解决。打击恐怖主义是政治进程所有阶段的优先事项。我们呼吁所有诚实的叙利亚人参加这一基于国家利益的政治进程，以推动重建被恐怖主义所摧毁的一切。由于忠于自己国家的叙利亚人的努力，这一重建工作已经开始。为了保证难民和流离失所者返回家园，也必须作出同样的努力。 | In conclusion, my country, Syria, has always been serious about working towards a political solution through the inter-Syrian dialogue led by Syrians and without external interference. The fight against terrorism is the priority at all stages of the political process. All honest Syrians are called upon to take part in that political process based on national interests in order to move forward with the reconstruction of what terrorism has destroyed. That reconstruction has already begun thanks to the efforts of Syrians who are loyal to their country. The same must be done to guarantee the return of refugees and displaced persons to their homes. |
我们相信，所有叙利亚人都将考虑到以下几点。这必须是叙利亚主导的政治解决方案，应该通过在我国境内具有可信度的政治进程达成，而不是在伊斯坦布尔、多哈、利雅得或华盛顿达成。政治解决方案必须依照《宪法》在叙利亚实现，与其相关的所有问题都是涉及主权的问题，应该完全由叙利亚人民决定。 | We are confident that all Syrians will take into account the following. It must be a Syrian-owned political solution, reached through a credible political process in our homeland, not in Istanbul, Doha, Riyadh or Washington, D.C. The political solution must be achieved in Syria on the basis that the Constitution and all issues concerning it are sovereignty-related matters that should be decided solely by the Syrian people. |
主席(以法语发言)：我现在请伊朗伊斯兰共和国代表发言。 | The President (spoke in French): I now give the floor to the representative of the Islamic Republic of Iran. |
哈比卜先生（伊朗伊斯兰共和国）(以英语发言)：我谨代表我国政府衷心感谢秘书长叙利亚问题特使德米斯图拉先生及其团队在特使任期内所做的一切努力。我国政府一直与负责阿富汗问题和伊拉克问题秘书长特别代表兼叙利亚问题特使德米斯图拉先生密切合作。他已经多次访问我国。我希望下一次他可以来休假，有足够的时间参观伊朗各个美丽的城市。我还要欢迎任命裴凯儒先生为秘书长叙利亚问题新特使，并表示我们愿意在他履行任务时与他合作。 | Mr. Al Habib (Islamic Republic of Iran): I would like to express my Government’s heartfelt thanks to Mr. De Mistura, Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Syria, and his team for all their efforts during his tenure. There has always been close cooperation between my Government and Mr. De Mistura as Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Afghanistan and for Iraq and Special Envoy for Syria. He has visited our country many times. I hope that next time he can visit as a vacation to have enough time to see the various beautiful Iranian cities. I would also like to welcome the appointment of Mr. Pedersen as the new Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Syria and express our readiness to cooperate with him in discharging his mandate. |
从叙利亚危机开始到现在，伊朗伊斯兰共和国始终坚持一个原则立场：除了政治解决，没有其他途径可以解决冲突。基于这一原则性方针，我们与俄罗斯和土耳其合作，启动了阿斯塔纳进程。迄今为止，我们已经取得了相当大的进展，并将继续坚定地走政治解决的道路。经过多年的冲突及其所有的安全、社会经济和人道主义影响，现在出现了支持政治进程的共识。然而，国际社会应该在这方面提供便利，而不是主宰这一进程。 | From the beginning of the Syrian crisis until now, the Islamic Republic of Iran has always had a principled position: there is no solution to the conflict other than a political settlement. Based on that principled approach, we cooperated with Russia and Turkey in initiating the Astana process. To date, we have made considerable progress and will resolutely continue the path towards a political settlement. After years of conflict, with all its security, socioeconomic and humanitarian ramifications, there is now an emerging consensus in support of the political process. Nevertheless, the The situation in the Middle East S/PV.8434 international community should facilitate in that regard rather than dictate the process. |
在这方面，我们非常重视建立宪法委员会，这是该进程的决定性因素。今年，阿斯塔纳担保国竭尽全力为组建宪法委员会奠定基础。在这方面，我们要强调迄今取得的进展，这应被视为国际社会和叙利亚人的共同成功，因为这是朝着结束危机的政治解决方向迈进。 | In that context, we attach great importance to the establishment of the constitutional committee as a decisive element of that process. This year, the Astana guarantor States have made every effort to prepare the ground for the formation of the constitutional committee. In that regard, we would like to highlight the progress made to date, which should be considered a joint success of the international community and the Syrians, as it is towards a political solution to end the crisis. |
我们最近一轮努力是12月18日在日内瓦举行阿斯塔纳担保国部长级会议，担保国在会上还与德米斯图拉先生进行了磋商。会议期间，介绍了与叙利亚各方就宪法委员会的组成进行协商的积极成果。部长们重申决心促进宪法委员会开始工作，除其他外，通过与叙利亚各方和秘书长叙利亚问题特使开展互动，起草其基本指导原则。将根据这些原则确定议事规则，确保委员会能够高效、可持续地开展工作。 | The latest round of our endeavours was the ministerial meeting of the Astana guarantor States in Geneva on 18 December, where the guarantors also held consultations with Mr. De Mistura. During the meeting, the positive results of the consultations with the Syrian parties on the composition of the constitutional committee were presented. The ministers reaffirmed their determination to facilitate the constitutional committee beginning its work, inter alia, by drawing up its general guiding principles through interaction with the Syrian parties and the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Syria. The rules of procedure that will ensure the committee’s efficient and sustainable work will be determined on the basis of those principles. |
此外，他们一致认为，宪法委员会的工作应本着妥协和建设性参与的精神，目的是在成员之间达成普遍一致。这将使结果得到叙利亚人民尽可能广泛的支持。部长们还同意争取于2019年初在日内瓦召开宪法委员会第一次会议。 | Moreover, they agreed that the work of the constitutional committee should be governed by a sense of compromise and constructive engagement, aimed at reaching general agreement among its members. That should enable the outcome to receive the widest possible support of the Syrian people. The Ministers also agreed to make efforts to convene the first meeting of the constitutional committee in Geneva in early 2019. |
最后，他们重申对叙利亚主权、独立、统一和领土完整的坚定承诺，强调所有各方都应尊重这些原则。这意味着叙利亚政府不允许存在的所有外国部队都应该撤离该国。 | Finally, reaffirming their strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and territorial integrity of Syria, they emphasized that those principles should be respected by all sides. That means that all foreign forces whose presence is not permitted by the Syrian Government should leave the country. |
虽然迄今在建立宪法委员会方面取得了重大进展，但我们需要继续以最高度的谨慎、毅力、慎重和耐心作出努力。 | While significant progress has been made so far on the establishment of the constitutional committee, we need to continue our efforts with the utmost care, perseverance, prudence and patience. |
铭记这一点，我们的指导原则必须是确保委员会是一个有效、务实和包容各方、叙人主导和叙人所有的机构，以便向前迈进。为此，委员会需要得到强有力的国际支持。然而，归根结底，决定叙利亚未来的权利完全属于叙利亚人自己。 | With that in mind, our guiding principle must be to ensure that the committee is an effective, pragmatic and inclusive Syrian-led and Syrian-owned vehicle in order to move forward. To achieve that, the committee needs strong international support. However, ultimately, the right to determine the future of Syria belongs exclusively to the Syrians themselves. |
在叙利亚危机的这个关键时刻，我们都应该承认，除了合作促进包容各方的叙利亚政治进程，别无选择。因此，所有对武装反对派团体有影响力的国家都应鼓励这些团体停止战斗，加入政治进程。这对于在政治领域取得任何进展都是绝对必不可少的。 | At this critical juncture of the Syrian crisis, we should all accept that there is no choice other than to cooperate in facilitating an inclusive Syrian political process. Therefore, all States that have influence on the armed opposition groups are expected to encourage those groups to end the fighting in order to join the political process. That is absolutely crucial for any progress to be gained in the political domain. |
同样，在政治领域作出努力的同时，还应该继续开展打击恐怖分子的斗争。开展这种斗争时，当然应该遵循国际法，并密切注意保护平民。 | Likewise, parallel to the efforts in the political field, fighting the terrorists should continue unabated. That should of course be done by in line with international law and with close attention to the protection of civilians. |
此外，鉴于目前确保安全的工作已经走上正轨，而且难民和境内流离失所者回返的趋势日益明显，国际社会应进一步支持该国重建以及难民和境内流离失所者迅速回返。为此，还必须取消所有制裁。 | In addition, given the ongoing positive direction with regard to ensuring security and in view of the increasing tendency towards the return of refugees and internally displaced persons, the international community should further support the reconstruction of the country, as well as the speedy return of refugees and internally displaced persons. To that end, all sanctions must also be lifted. |
最后，我要强调，伊朗伊斯兰共和国将继续发挥建设性作用，促进叙利亚实现和平与繁荣。 | In conclusion, I wish to stress that the Islamic Republic of Iran will continue to play a constructive role in bringing about peace and prosperity in Syria. |
主席(以法语发言)：我现在请土耳其代表发言。 | The President (spoke in French): I now give the floor to the representative of Turkey. |
登克塔什先生（土耳其）(以英语发言)：首先，我要感谢斯塔凡·德米斯图拉特使的通报。他的任期即将结束，我要对他及其团队为实现叙利亚危机的政治解决所作的不懈和卓越努力深表赞赏。我们期待着在今后一段时间里与他的继任者裴凯儒大使合作。 | Mr. Denktaş (Turkey): At the outset, I would like to thank Special Envoy Staffan de Mistura for his briefing. As his tenure comes to an end, I wish to express our deep appreciation for his tireless and remarkable efforts, as well as those of his team, towards achieving a political solution to the crisis in Syria. We look forward to working with his successor, Ambassador Pedersen, in the period ahead. |
自叙利亚冲突爆发以来，土耳其一直认为，不可能有军事解决办法，结束冲突的唯一途径是根据第2254(2015)号决议，实施由联合国调解的政治进程。在我们与其他阿斯塔纳担保国和联合国的所有磋商中，我们始终主张设立一个可信、平衡、包容和合法的宪法委员会，振兴日内瓦进程。阿斯塔纳 | Since the outbreak of the Syrian conflict, Turkey has maintained that there can be no military solution and that the only way to end the conflict is through a United Nations-mediated political process in line with the resolution 2254 (2015). In all our consultations with the other Astana guarantors and the United Nations, we have advocated the revitalization of the Geneva process through the establishment of a credible, balanced, inclusive and legitimate constitutional committee. |
和合法的宪法委员会，振兴日内瓦进程。阿斯塔纳模式不是日内瓦进程的替代方案，而是对该进程的补充。在阿斯塔纳进程中，土耳其、俄罗斯和伊朗在共同标准的基础上建立了牢固的合作关系。 | The Astana format is not an alternative to the Geneva The situation in the Middle East 20/12/2018 process but an effort to complement it. Through the Astana process, Turkey, Russia and Iran built solid cooperation on common denominators. |
回顾过去，我要说，我们的建设性接触已经改变了游戏规则，在实地和政治轨道上都产生了具体成果。自9月以来，阿斯塔纳模式已显示出重大成就。首先，关于稳定伊德利卜冲突降级区局势的备忘录(见S/2018/852，附件)确保该省保持相对平静。第二，实施了关于相互释放被拘留者的试点项目。最后但并非最不重要的是，我们在最终组建宪法委员会方面达到了关键阶段。 | Looking back, I would say that our constructive engagement has been a game-changer, yielding concrete results both on the ground and on the political track. Since last September, the Astana format has demonstrated significant achievements. First, the memorandum on the stabilization of the situation in the Idlib de-escalation area (see S/2018/852, annex) ensured relative calm in the province. Secondly, the pilot project on the mutual release of detainees was implemented, Last but not least, we reached a critical stage towards the finalization of the formation of the constitutional committee. |
正如德米斯图拉先生和俄罗斯联邦常驻代表所解释的那样，阿斯塔纳担保国外交部长于12月18日在日内瓦会晤了德米斯图拉先生，分享他们与叙利亚各方就委员会的组成进行磋商的积极成果。伊朗代表解释了一些最新情况。我们认为，经过几个月的艰苦工作和紧张协商，我们已经取得了相当大的进展，完成宪法委员会的工作到了最后阶段。担保国正在与联合国密切合作，最后完成对“三分之一中间派”名单的细微调整，这份名单在很大程度上得到包括联合国在内所有各方的支持，而且也是可行的。 | As explained by Mr. De Mistura and the Permanent Representative of the Russian Federation, on 18 December the Foreign Ministers of the Astana guarantor States met with Mr. De Mistura in Geneva to share the positive results of their consultations with the Syrian parties on the constitution of the committee. The representative of Iran explained some of the developments. After months of hard work and intense consultations, we believe that we have made considerable progress and reached the final stretch in our efforts to finalize the constitutional committee. The guarantor States are working closely with the United Nations to finalize the minor adjustments to the middle third list, which, for the most part, enjoys the support of all sides, including the United Nations, and is workable. |
我们将与其他担保国一道，在未来几天再接再厉，确保委员会于2019年1月召开第一次会议。我们赞赏俄罗斯和伊朗为设立该委员会作出努力并给予合作。我们呼吁所有合作伙伴支持我们和联合国努力在日内瓦的政治进程中开创新的篇章。我们的目的是尽快使叙利亚各方走到一起，为谈判奠定适当的基础。 | Together with the other guarantors, we will step up our efforts in the days ahead to ensure that the committee will convene its first meeting in January 2019. We appreciate the efforts and cooperation of Russia and Iran towards the formation of the committee. We call on all our partners to support us and the United Nations as we work on initiating a new chapter in the political process in Geneva. Our purpose is to bring the Syrian parties together as soon as possible and to prepare a suitable basis for negotiations. |
在日内瓦，三位外交部长和联合国还讨论了该委员会的议事规则和相关安排。我们将继续与联合国密切合作，确保委员会在所有方面有效运作。该委员会的正常运作将是根据第2254(2015)号决议，通过谈判在叙利亚找到政治解决办法这一最终目标的关键所在，可以为叙利亚自由、公正的选举铺平道路。尽管如此，我们当然知道，委员会的成立只 | In Geneva, the three Foreign Ministers and the United Nations also discussed the rules of procedure of the committee and related arrangements. We will continue to work closely with the United Nations to ensure the effective functioning of the committee in all its aspects. A functioning committee will be the key to achieving the ultimate goal of finding a negotiated political solution in Syria, in line with resolution 2254 (2015), paving the way for free and fair elections in Syria. |
道路。尽管如此，我们当然知道，委员会的成立只是开始。因此，我们呼吁国际社会其他成员支持为加快政治进程而作出的这些努力。 | That said, we are of course aware that the formation of the committee is only the beginning. We therefore call on the rest of the international community to support those efforts towards expediting the political process. |
在日内瓦，我们还评估了我们维持伊德利卜停火制度的共同努力。我们继续努力执行我前面提到的备忘录。激进团体和重型武器撤出非军事区方面取得了相当大的进展。我们正在努力确保将激进团体与平民和温和反对派团体区分开。尽管存在一些挑衅行为，但我们决心确保伊德利卜省保持平静。最终，确保持续维持停火不仅防止进一步的流血，而且创造了有利于在政治轨道上前进的环境。 | In Geneva, we also took stock of our joint efforts to maintain the ceasefire regime in Idlib. We continue to work on the implementation of the memorandum that I mentioned above. There is considerable progress in the withdrawal of radical groups and heavy weapons from the demilitarized zone. We are working hard to ensure the separation of radical groups from civilians and moderate opposition groups. Despite provocations, we are determined to ensure that calm prevails in Idlib. Ultimately, ensuring a stable ceasefire not only prevents further bloodshed but also creates an environment conducive to advancing on the political track. |
主席先生，我认真听取了会议厅中所有代表的发言，包括你以本国代表身份所作的发言。我认为有必要提出一下几点看法。我们打击恐怖主义的集体努力也有助于为此创造可行的条件。土耳其将继续打击所有恐怖主义 | I listened carefully to the statements of all representatives in the Chamber, including your statement, Mr. President, in your national capacity. I see value in putting on record the following few points. |
创造可行的条件。土耳其将继续打击所有恐怖主义团体，包括库尔德工人党（工人党）、民主联盟党（民盟）和人民保卫部队（人保部队），这些团体破坏叙利亚的领土完整。三年前，大赦国际清楚地记录了它们进行种族清洗的行径。它们一直在禁止用阿拉伯语教学，秘书长最近的一份报告(S/2018/1041)记录了这一禁令。 | Our collective efforts to fight terrorism also contribute to the creation of viable conditions to that end. Turkey will continue to combat all terrorist groups, including the Kurdish Workers Party (PKK), the Democratic Union Party (PYD) and the People’s Protection Units (YPG), which undermine the territorial integrity of Syria. The ethnic cleansing that they carry out was well documented by Amnesty International three years ago. They have been implementing a ban on teaching in the Arabic language, which is documented in a recent report of the Secretary-General (S/2018/1041). |
面对任何针对我国国家安全和叙利亚领土完整的恐怖主义威胁，我们都不会袖手旁观。工人党/民盟/人保部队开火骚扰和敌对行动事件最近有所增加，加剧了这些恐怖分子越界构成的安全威胁。幼发拉底河以东的工人党/民盟/人保部队部队向我们的边境哨所开火进行骚扰。他们正在挖掘战壕和隧道来加固阵地。我们永远不会允许恐怖分子在我们的边界沿线扎根。保护我们的边界是我们的主权。必要时，土耳其将采取必要步骤，确保边境安全，抗击工人党/民盟/人保部队的威胁。 | We will not stand idle in the face of any terrorist threat that targets our national security and Syria’s territorial integrity. The number of incidents of harassment fire and hostile actions by the PKK/PYD/ YPG has recently increased. That exacerbates the security threat posed by those terrorists across our borders. The PKK/PYD/YPG units to the east of the Euphrates are opening harassment fire on our border posts. They are digging trenches and tunnels to fortify their positions. We will never allow the entrenchment of terrorists along our borders. Protecting our borders is our sovereign right. Turkey will take the necessary steps to ensure its border security against the PKK/ PYD/YPG threat as and when it deems necessary. |
土耳其将继续努力依照第2254(2015)号决议规定，在联合国监督下，在叙利亚实现叙人所有和叙人领导的可行的政治解决方案。宪法委员会将是启动这一政治进程的重要工具。因此，我们呼吁安全理事会支持这方面的努力。 | Turkey will continue its efforts to achieve a viable political solution in Syria that is based on resolution 2254 (2015) and owned and led by the Syrian people under United Nations supervision. The constitutional committee will be a crucial instrument in kick-starting that political process. We therefore call on the Security Council to put its weight behind the efforts to that end. |
安全理事会 Distr.: General | Security Council Distr.: General |
3 January 2018 | 3 January 2018 |
080118 080118 | 18-00132 (E) 080118 |
*1800132* | *1800132* |
2018 年 1 月 2 日哈萨克斯坦常驻联合国代表给秘书长的信 | Letter dated 2 January 2018 from the Permanent Representative of |
2018 年 1 月 2 日哈萨克斯坦常驻联合国代表给秘书长的信 | Kazakhstan to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General |
谨通知你，哈萨克斯坦在 2018 年 1 月担任安全理事会主席期间，计划于 2018年 1 月 19 日星期五就题为“维护国际和平与安全”的项目举行一次辩论，主题是“建设阿富汗和中亚区域伙伴关系，作为安全与发展之间联系的范式”。 | I have the honour to inform you that, during its presidency of the Security Council in January 2018, Kazakhstan plans to hold a debate on Friday, 19 January 2018, on the subject “Building regional partnership in Afghanistan and Central Asia as a model for the security-development nexus”, in connection with the item entitled “Maintenance of international peace and security”. |
为此，哈萨克斯坦编写了概念说明并随信附后(见附件)。请将本信及其附件 | In this regard, Kazakhstan has prepared the attached concept note (see annex). |
为此，哈萨克斯坦编写了概念说明并随信附后(见附件)。请将本信及其附件作为安全理事会文件分发为荷。大使常驻代表 | I should be grateful if the present letter and its annex could be circulated as a document of the Security Council. |
凯拉特·乌马罗夫(签名) | (Signed) Kairat Umarov |
年 1 月 2 日哈萨克斯坦常驻联合国代表给秘书长的信的附件 | Annex to the letter dated 2 January 2018 from the Permanent Representative of Kazakhstan to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General |
将于 2018 年 1 月 19 日举行的安全理事会关于“建设阿富汗和中亚区域伙伴关系，作为安全与发展之间联系的范式”主题的辩论的概念说明 | Concept note for the Security Council debate on the subject “Building regional partnership in Afghanistan and Central Asia as a model for the security-development nexus”, to be held on 19 January 2018 |
一. 背景 | I. Background |
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