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五个月前，联合国根据可信度、平衡和包容性提出了一份统一的“三分之一中间派”名单，其中包括总体而言，宪法委员会成员至少有30％是妇女的目标。反对派并不完全喜欢这份名单，但同意本着向前迈进的精神，不对这份名单提出质疑。政府强烈反对该名单，并表示它将与索契会议召集人合作，提出一份不同的名单，而联合国应该等候这一结果。 | Five months ago, the United Nations put forward a consolidated proposed middle third list, based on credibility, balance and inclusivity, including aiming at an overall minimum of 30 per cent women on the constitutional committee. The opposition did not entirely like that list but agreed not to question it in the spirit of moving forward. The Government had strong objections to the list and indicated that it would work with the conveners of the Sochi meeting on a different list and that the United Nations should wait for that input. |
10月27日在伊斯坦布尔，法国、德国、俄罗斯和土耳其领导人同意，考虑到这种情况，应该将12月底作为组建宪法委员会的目标期限。秘书长责成我在继续向前推进之前，核实是否有可能建立一个可信、平衡、包容各方、并由叙利亚人自主、叙利亚人主导、联合国推动的宪法委员会来起草宪法改革方案，让民众认可，并从根本上推动实现这一目标。 | On 27 October in Istanbul, the leaders of France, Germany, Russia and Turkey agreed that the end of December should be a target, considering the circumstances, for the establishment of the The situation in the Middle East S/PV.8434 constitutional committee. TheSecretary-General tasked me, before moving on, to verify whether it was possible to establish a credible, balanced, inclusive, Syrian-owned, Syrian-led, United Nations-facilitated constitutional committee to draft a constitutional reform for popular approval and to fundamentally advance that objective. |
为了消除政府的关切，与此同时不失去反对派的参与并保持整个一揽子方案的质量与合法性，我曾表示，联合国将接受适度、可信和平衡的建议，同时在需要最终确定一揽子方案的背景下牢记其任务和责任。我们认为，对联合国来说，这是一项巨大的责任，因为它将行使其任务授权，并且人们期待联合国不接受任何有关召集宪法委员会会议或最后确定一揽子方案的指令。 | To overcome the Government’s concerns, while not losing the engagement of the opposition and maintaining the quality and legitimacy of the overall package, I indicated that the United Nations would be receptive to modest, credible and balanced proposals, while bearing in mind its mandate and responsibilities in the context of the need to finalize the package. We understand that it is a great responsibility for the United Nations because it is to exercise its mandate and it is expected not to accept any kind of diktat with regard to convening the constitutional committee or finalizing the package. |
最近几个星期，联合国秘书处以外的外交活动在加紧，最终，我于星期二在日内瓦主持了一个会议，与伊朗伊斯兰共和国、俄罗斯联邦和土耳其共和国三国外交部长会晤。秘书长全程密切参与这次会议。三位外交部长向联合国提出了关于宪法委员会的重要的共同名单。这份重要名单部分吸收了我的建议，由50个名字组成，是他们提出的宪法委员会“三分之一中间派”的名单。 | In recent weeks, diplomacy beyond the United Nations Secretariat has intensified, leading to a meeting that I hosted in Geneva on Tuesday with the Foreign Ministers of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Turkey. The Secretary-General was closely involved throughout. The three Foreign Ministers provided the United Nations with significant joint input regarding the constitutional committee. That significant joint input comprised 50 names, drawing partly on my own suggestions, as their proposal for the middle third list for the constitutional committee. |
在审查了这些名字之后，秘书处评估认为，联合国尚未完全满意而批准所有50个人，不认为他们符合可信度和平衡方面的必要标准。因此，我们的建议是必须进一步努力。我们看到，我们失去了一些经验丰富和资质出众的专家，他们本来也可以是天生的沟通者。我们知道，任何名单都不完美，但是根据我们的评估，应当对名单作进一步审查并付出更多努力。 | Having examined the names, the Secretariat assessed that it would not yet feel fully comfortable in giving the United Nations stamp of legitimacy to all 50 names as meeting the necessary criteria of credibility and balance; hence, at our suggestion, the need to go the extra mile. We have seen the loss of some experienced experts of excellent credentials, who would also have been natural bridge-builders. We know that no list will ever be perfect, but in our assessment the list needed a further review and some extra miles to be put in. |
还必须同有关各方更精准地确定这一揽子方案的其余部分，使宪法委员会——召开会议时——能够有效行使职能，按照其任务授权取得成果，成为开展可持续和平这一整体政治进程的真正工具。在这方面，经过协商，我相信应当有可能就75%的投票门槛和平衡安排共同主席事宜达成一致。如果可以的话，我要补充一点，无论由谁担任共同主席，若果有一位来自政府，另一位就应当是反对派成员，他们之中应当有一位女性，毕竟妇女约占人口数量的51%至55%。 | There is also a need to identify with greater precision the remainder of the package with the parties on board so that the constitutional committee — when it meets — can effectively function, delivering outcomes in line with its own mandate as a genuine instrument within a larger political process towards sustainable peace. In that respect, my consultations leave me confident that it should be possible to agree on a 75-per cent voting threshold and balanced co-chairmanship arrangements. I should like to add, if I may, that regardless of who the co-chairs are, if one is from the Government then the other should be a member of the opposition, and one of them should be a woman, given that women represent some 51 to 55 per cent of the population. |
经过协商，我相信大家都知道，宪法委员会将起草一项宪法改革，联合国将为护持并协调叙利亚人自主的这一进程扮演重要角色。确定如何选出规模较小的起草机构以及它如何开展工作也至关重要。因此各方必须同意这些关键细节。坦率地说，我知道我们总会过于乐观或是悲观地看问题，但是我们已经取得真正的进展。我们的名单几近完成。操作规则变得稍微明确了一些，但我们还需要继续付出努力。 | My consultations also leave me confident that it is understood that the constitutional committee will draft a constitutional reform and that the United Nations will have the crucial role of accompanying and facilitating this Syrian-owned process. It is also crucial to identify how the smaller drafting body would be selected and begin to work. The parties therefore need to buy into those key details. Let us be frank. I know that we always tend to look at the glass as either half full or half empty, but there has been real progress made. We nearly have a list. The rules of procedure have become a little clearer, but we need to go that extra mile. |
如果要成立一个宪法委员会，当然是在安全理事会赞同的情况下成立。无论如何，这都势在必行。安理会必须支持对委员会的工作进度以及其间所需的一切调整进行定期审查，以期按照第2254（2015）号决议执行情况，为一个叙利亚人自主、叙利亚人主导的宪法委员会提供帮助。 | If a constitutional committee is established, it will of course be done with the blessing of the Security Council. That would have to happen in any case. It will be vital for the Council to support regular reviews of the progress of the committee’s work and any adjustments required along the road in order to help a Syrian-owned and Syrian-led constitutional committee, in accordance with the implementation of resolution 2254 (2015). |
鉴于叙利亚的情况，只有联合国有权批准——至少是在起始阶段——宪法委员会的合法性和职责。这是安全理事会可以发挥的作用。必须双管齐下，以确保全面停火、大规模释放被拘留者和被绑架者、建立信任、依靠治理方式改革创造安全、平静和中立的环境、并为根据第2254（2015）号决议在联合国监督下举行选举奠定基础。 | The United Nations alone has the legitimacy and mandate to bless — at least at the initial stage — the constitutional committee, given the circumstances in Syria. That is the role that the Security Council can play. That must be accompanied by parallel efforts to ensure a full ceasefire, see detainees and abductees released at scale, build confidence, create a safe, calm and neutral environment with reforms of governance, and lay the ground for United Nations-supervised elections, as per resolution 2254 (2015). |
在这方面，与建立互信的精神背道而驰，有时令我们感到非常关切的是，最近有可靠报告称，据报被列入宪法委员会的人员及其在叙利亚境内的家人受到某种恐吓和胁迫。这些报道在最近几日变得更为频繁，坦率地说，我们认为这非常令人担忧。因此，这从根本上提醒我们，必须采取切实步骤，营造一个我们所说的安全、平静和中立的环境。这也是难民和境内流离失所者言之凿凿对我们所说的事情之一。他们想要一个安全和中立的环境。当人们感到安全时，他们会考虑返回；条件是他们的基本权利得到保护；他们回到原籍地能与家人团聚；他们的财产和其合法权利得到保护，而国家机构保护这些权利；基本社会服务的提供不受政治偏见或倾向性影响。正当合理的问题不止这些。所有这些问题以及其他问题是建立一个平静、安全和中立环境的关键。 | In that regard, and contrary to the spirit of building mutual confidence, we have been very concerned at times by the recent and credible reports of some type of intimidation and coercion of persons reportedly on the list for the constitutional committee and their family members inside Syria. Those reports have become more frequent in recent days and, frankly, we consider that very worrisome. This is therefore a fundamental reminder of the need for concrete steps towards what we call a safe, calm and neutral environment. That The situation in the Middle East 20/12/2018 is also one of the things that refugees and internally displaced persons have been telling us in no uncertain terms. They want a safe and neutral environment. People will consider returning when they feel safe; if their fundamental rights are protected; if they can reunite with their families in the areas they came from; if their property and other legal rights are preserved and institutions of the State protect such rights; and if basic social services are delivered without political prejudice or bias. The list of legitimate questions does not end here. All of those and other questions are key to the establishment of a calm, safe and neutral environment. |
如果我们能够启动一个宪法委员会，那将是对政治意志的新考验。政府是否会认真参与，并表现出愿意解决真正的不满——自从这场可怕的冲突爆发以来一直存在的不满？反对派是否会认真并实事求是地参与，认识到叙利亚的变革过程并非易事，而是也需要它采取务实做法？我促请它们都这样做。解决叙利亚冲突别无他途。 | If we are able to start a constitutional committee, it will be a new test of political will. Will the Government engage seriously and show a willingness to address real grievances — grievances that have been present since the very origin of this horrible conflict? Will the opposition engage seriously and realistically, realizing that the process of change in Syria will not be an easy one, but that it also needs it to be pragmatic? I urge them both to do so. There is no other way out of the Syrian conflict. |
请允许我赞扬政府和反对派以外不畏艰难争取和平的叙利亚人的呼声。他们之中有很多人参加了我们与致力于实现和平价值的叙利亚人合作创立的民间社会支助室。实际上，很多人本周在各地区首府与我的团队见面。因此我必须促请安理会成员、国际社会和广大叙利亚各方倾听这些呼声，即使我已离开那里。这些呼声很重要。它们应当得到保护，并在今后漫长而充满挑战的道路上产生实际影响。我向这些叙利亚平民致敬，感谢他们付出努力并愿意与我们和安理会接触。 | Let me commend the voices of the Syrians beyond the Government and the opposition who are working for peace against all odds. Many of them participate in the Civil Society Support Room, which we created in partnership with Syrians who committed to the value of peace. Indeed, many are meeting with my team this week in regional capitals. I must therefore urge members of the Council, the international community and Syrian parties more broadly to listen to those voices, even when I am no longer there. They are important. They should be protected and involved meaningfully on the long and challenging road ahead. I salute those Syrian civilians and thank them for their efforts and willingness to engage with us and with the Council. |
让我再次强调妇女可以在叙利亚政治进程中发挥关键作用。这不是口惠空谈；我见到了她们，她们已经产生了重大影响。她们已经获得了一个机会并可以获得更多机会这样做。我已经竭尽所能在代表团和民间社会内推动此事。我还得到妇女咨询委员会的帮助，委员会成员最近经过了轮替和更新。妇女咨询委员会是一个典范，彰显来自不同背景的叙利亚人走到一起并与调解进程相伴而行时，可以实现何种可能。我可以看到，目前在也门问题上已经效仿这种做法。 | Let me also once again stress the crucial role of women in the Syrian political process. This is not lip service. I have seen them; they have had enormous influence. They were given a chance and can be given more chances to do so. I have done everything I could to promote this, both with the delegations and within civil society. I have also been assisted by the Women’s Advisory Board, the membership of which has recently rotated and been renewed. The Women’s Advisory Board is a model for what is possible when Syrians from different backgrounds come together to accompany the mediation process. I can see that that has now also been replicated in the Yemen file. |
叙利亚妇女不断提醒我注意各种可能，并恳请开展一个充分包容叙利亚全社会的进程，让妇女和每一个其他人充分参与。我已经并将继续努力奋斗，确保妇女代表在宪法委员会中至少占30%。我希望看到这一点得到实现，正因如此，我也强调共同主席安排。 | Women in Syria have continued to remind me of what is possible and to plea for a process that is fully inclusive of all of Syrian society, with the full participation of women and everyone else. I have fought and will continue to fight to ensure at least 30 per cent representation of women in the constitutional committee. I hope to see that realized, which is why I have also put emphasis on the co-chairmanship. |
这里是安全理事会，所以请允许我强调最重要的一点。联合国作为协调者和调解人可以开创每一种调解进程和每一种对话方式——无论是秘密会谈、秘密联络渠道、近距离间接会谈、技术性会谈、工作组、直接会谈、多方会谈、宪法委员会、全国对话等等。我已设法利用各种想法、信号、渠道和会议弥合国际分歧，并为此制定所有人都能接受的前进方针，以期始终支持我们的任务。我还努力公开和明确谈论对平民实施的令人震惊的暴力和侵害，谈论人道主义通行的必要性和打击恐怖主义的必要性，以及尊重国际人道主义法的根本重要性。但是这不能代替有影响力的各国的真诚努力，努力彼此开展对话并在安理会内外从事建设性工作，支持叙利亚人主导、叙利亚人自主的联合国进程。 | This is the Security Council, so let me stress one point above all. The United Nations as a facilitator and mediator can create every sort of mediation process and every sort of dialogue — whether secret talks, backchannels, proximity talks, technical talks, working groups, direct talks, multi-party talks, constitutional committees, national dialogue and so on. I have sought to bridge international divides with ideas, messages, channels and meetings and by framing a way forward that all could sign on to in order to consistently support our mandate. I have also sought to speak publicly and clearly about the shocking violence and abuses against civilians, the need for humanitarian access and the need to counter terrorism, as well as the fundamental importance of respecting international humanitarian law. But that is no substitute for the genuine efforts of influential countries to talk to each other and work constructively within the Council and beyond in support of a United Nations process that is Syrian-led and Syrian-owned. |
安理会——也只有安理会——负责维护国际和平与安全。它已授权联合国促进叙利亚内部政治进程，以执行第2254（2015）号决议。惟其如此，叙利亚人才能够决定他们自己的未来。要使2019年成为叙利亚真正的转折点，我们就必须在安理会重新树立共同使命感，采取协调一致的行动。 | It is the Council — and the Council alone — that is responsible for the maintenance of international peace and security. It has mandated the United Nations to facilitate the intra-Syrian political process for the implementation of resolution 2254 (2015). That is the only way to enable Syrians to determine their own future. And we need a renewed sense of common purpose and concerted action in the Council if 2019 is to be the real turning point for Syria. |
最后，我要感谢安东尼奥·古特雷斯秘书长给予的信任、建议和鼓励，感谢我自己的团队在过去四年半时间里不懈努力，保持谈判进程不失活力并不断前进，虽然有时是以渐进方式，但从未放弃。我对他们感激不尽。我相信联合国工作人员的坚韧不拔和创造力可以让叙利亚发生根本变化，我祝愿我的继任者圆满完成他的重要工作。 | In closing, I would like to thank our Secretary-General, António Guterres, for his trust, advice and encouragement, as well as my own team, which, over the past four and a half years, has worked tirelessly to keep the talks process alive and moving forward, albeit sometimes incrementally, but never giving up. I owe them an enormous gratitude. I am convinced that the tenacity and ingenuity of United Nations staff can The situation in the Middle East S/PV.8434 make a fundamental differencefor Syria, and I wish my successor every success in his vital work. |
与每一位安理会成员一道工作都是一项真正的殊荣。尽管安理会自身存在分歧，但它始终循同一方针，我始终感受到这一点。安理会一贯支持我的复杂任务和我本人，为此，我要向它表示衷心感谢。由于这是我最后一次以这一身份向安理会作通报，请允许我超出常规，因为我和各位成员确实结下了个人友谊，这是我感受到的。因此，除了仅仅正式问候外——因为我们在一起，而且他们陪伴我走过了这段并不容易的旅程——我要与我的每一个朋友热烈握手。 | It has been a real privilege and an honour to work with each and every member of the Council. In spite of the Council’s own divisions, it has always had one line, which I have constantly felt. It has consistently supported our complex mission and me, and I want to thank it very warmly for that. And since that this is my last briefing to the Council in this capacity, let me to go beyond protocol, since members and I have actually developed individual friendships, and I have felt that. So beyond just a formal greeting — since we were together and they have accompanied me during this journey, which has not been an easy one — I should like to warmly shake the hand of each one of my friends. |
主席（以法语发言）：我感谢德米斯图拉先生所作的通报。我要告诉他，我们为他能够在叙利亚开展的工作感到十分高兴和自豪。他刚才获得的热烈掌声突出表明，我们十分重视他的工作，并且深感满意。鼓掌胜过世界上一切表示感谢的言语。我请他接受这种感谢和鼓掌，因为这象征并证明我们真诚和热烈的感谢。 | The President (spoke in French): I thank Mr. De Mistura for his briefing. I should like to tell him how pleased and proud we are of the work that he has been able to achieve in Syria. The warm round of applause he has just received underlines the great interest we take in his work and our deep satisfaction with it. That round of applause is worth all of the speeches of thanks in the world. I ask him to accept that gratitude and that applause as a symbol of and testament to our sincere and warm gratitude. |
我现在请希望发言的安全理事会成员发言。 | I now give the floor to those members of the Security Council who wish to make statements. |
亨特先生（美利坚合众国）（以英语发言）：我感谢德米斯图拉特使所作通报。我谨代表美国，真诚感谢他四年半以来作为秘书长叙利亚问题特使所做的工作。我们高度赞赏他为这一工作作出的不懈努力和为实现叙利亚和平与安全作出的努力。我们祝愿他一切顺利。美国也期待在他的继任者裴凯儒就任以后保持紧密和建设性关系。 | Mr. Hunter (United States of America): I thank Special Envoy De Mistura for his briefing. On behalf of the United States, I express our sincere gratitude to him for his four and a half years of service as Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Syria. We greatly appreciate the tireless effort that he has put into that work and his efforts to bring peace and stability to Syria. We wish him all the best. The United States also looks forward to maintaining a close and constructive relationship with his successor, Mr. Geir Pedersen, as he assumes his role as Special Envoy. |
美国仍然致力于永久摧毁伊拉克和沙姆伊斯兰国以及叙利亚和世界各地的其它恐怖团体。正如我们所说的那样，我们将利用我们国家力量的一切手段来迫使由伊朗撑腰的力量撤出，而对今天会议来说最重要的是，美国将继续推动以尊重叙利亚人民意愿和符合第2254(2015)号决议的方式，和平和通过外交手段解决叙利亚危机。我们将继续与我们的盟友共同努力打击恐怖主义。美国也将与志同道合的国家、联合国以及叙利亚反对派合作，寻求通过外交手段结束冲突。实现这些目标只有一份国际商定路线图，那就是根据第2254（2015）号决议政治解决叙利亚冲突，而执行第2254（2015）号决议的第一步是起草新的叙利亚宪法。 | The United States remains committed to the permanent destruction of Islamic State in Iraq and the Sham and other terrorist groups in Syria and around the world. As we have said, we will use all instruments of our national power to press for a withdrawal of Iranian-backed forces and, most importantly for today’s meeting, the United States will continue to advance a peaceful, diplomatic solution to the Syrian crisis in a way that honours the will of the Syrian people and is consistent with resolution 2254 (2015). We will continue to work together with our allies to fight terrorism. The United States will also work with like-minded States, the United Nations and the Syrian opposition to seek a diplomatic end to this conflict. There is only one internationally agreed road map for achieving those goals. It is a political solution to the Syrian conflict, in line with resolution 2254 (2015). And the first step towards the implementation of resolution 2254 (2015) is the creation of a new Syrian constitution. |
今年1月，俄罗斯联邦与联合国通过紧密磋商，发表了《索契宣言》。《宣言》呼吁在日内瓦由特使领导创设一个宪法委员会，以此帮助重振联合国执行第2254（2015）号决议的努力，由于阿萨德政权没有真诚参与，执行工作停滞不前。《索契宣言》清楚指出，宪法委员会的150名代表将在叙利亚政权、叙利亚反对派以及独立人士当中平等分配，委员会的工作范围、时间安排和表决程序将由特使决定。绝对不能让叙利亚政权对委员会的成员组成或程序拥有否决权。当时，俄罗斯同意联合国将拥有管理委员会的权力，以便得到安理会的合法性肯定和关注，以此作为俄罗斯为叙利亚和平作出的可信贡献。 | In January, the Russian Federation, in close consultation with the United Nations, published the Sochi declaration. The declaration called for the creation of a constitutional committee in Geneva, led by the Special Envoy, as a contribution to reinvigorating United Nations efforts to implement resolution 2254 (2015), which had stalled from a lack of genuine participation by the Al-Assad regime. The Sochi declaration made it clear that the constitutional committee’s 150-person membership would have equal representation among the regime, the Syrian opposition and independents, and that its scope of work, schedule and voting procedures would be determined by the Special Envoy. In no way was the Syrian regime to be given a veto over the membership or procedures of the committee. Russia agreed that the United Nations would have the authority to manage the committee in order to receive the imprimatur of legitimacy from and attention of the Council as a credible Russian contribution to peace in Syria. |
11个月过去了，俄罗斯所谓的索契倡议带来的除僵局外别无他物。现在，我们离今年结束只剩下11天，很快就是叙利亚政权和俄罗斯落实兑现这一承诺的最后机会。最近几个月，美国、安理会成员以及叙利亚问题小组作出了不懈努力，以便支持德米斯图拉特使努力启动一个有公信力和平衡的宪法委员会。阿斯塔纳集团迄今未能说服阿萨德政权接 | For 11 months, Russia’s so-called Sochi initiative has produced nothing but a stalemate. We are now just 11 days away from the end of the year and are rapidly approaching the Syrian regime’s and Russia’s last chance to follow through on that commitment. In recent months, the United States, members of the Council and the small group on Syria have worked tirelessly to support Special Envoy De Mistura’s efforts to launch a credible and balanced constitutional committee. |
委员会。阿斯塔纳集团迄今未能说服阿萨德政权接受联合国提出的平衡的宪法委员会成员名单，这份名单本来能够使委员会向前推进。一个不平衡或不代表叙利亚人民，包括反对派的委员会不能被视作合法。 | The Astana group has failed thus far to convince the Al-Assad regime to accept the United Nations balanced list of members for the constitutional committee, which would have allowed the committee to move forward. A committee that is not balanced or representative of the Syrian people, including the opposition, cannot be considered legitimate. |
考虑到伊德利卜局势，根据第2254（2015）号决议朝政治解决冲突迈进是当务之急。由于俄罗斯和土耳其努力使暴力降级并不断施压阻止叙利亚政权发动进攻，伊德利卜的300万平民得以相对和平地生活。但是，有越多越多的迹象表明，尽管土耳其-俄罗斯建立的非军事区维系了脆弱的停火，但伊德利卜有可能出现军事升级。伊德利卜出现任何军事升级对几百万人民和叙利亚邻国的稳定来说都将是不计后果的和灾难性的。 | Progress towards a political solution to the conflict, in line with resolution 2254 (2015), is urgent, given The situation in the Middle East 20/12/2018 the situation in Idlib. Idlib’s 3 million civilians have been able to live in relative peace, thanks to Russian and Turkish efforts to de-escalate the violence and keep pressure on the regime to not launch an offensive. However, there are increasing indications of a potential military escalation in Idlib, despite the fragile ceasefire held together by the Turkish-Russian creation of a demilitarized zone. Any military escalation in Idlib would be reckless and catastrophic for millions of people and for the stability of Syria’s neighbours. |
我们现在站在将决定叙利亚冲突结局的十字路口。如果俄罗斯和叙利亚政权未能在年底之前帮助组建一个合法、可信和平衡的宪法委员会，我们所有人应当让他们直面这一失败。美国准备好与我们的盟友和叙利亚问题小组中的伙伴一道把重点放在支持联合国领导的重振政治进程努力上。我们还将努力进一步从外交和经济上孤立该政权。请允许我说清楚——将不会有重建资金。叙利亚政权将不会有合法性。将不会为难民返回提供便利。我们将不会讨论甚至考虑这些问题，直至我们使政治进程向前推进。美国仍然坚定致力于执行根据第2254（2015）号决议商定的政治解决叙利亚冲突蓝图，以便实现叙利亚的和平与安全。我们期待与联合国和新任特使裴凯儒共同努力，永久、和平地结束冲突。 | We are at a crossroads that will define the end of the Syrian conflict. If Russia and the regime do not help form a legitimate, credible and balanced constitutional committee before the end of the year, we should all place that failure squarely at their feet. The United States is ready, with our allies and partners in the small group, to focus on supporting United Nations-led efforts to reinvigorate a political process. We also would work to further isolate the regime diplomatically and economically. Let me be clear — there will be no reconstruction money. There will be no legitimacy for the regime. There will be no facilitation for returns of refugees. That will not be discussed or even considered until we get the political process moving. The United States remains firmly committed to the blueprint for a political solution to the Syrian conflict, agreed by resolution 2254 (2015), in order to achieve peace and stability in Syria. We look forward to working with the United Nations and with the incoming Special Envoy Geir Pedersen to create a permanent and peaceful end to the conflict. |
德拉特先生（法国）（以法语发言）：我热烈感谢秘书长叙利亚问题特使斯塔凡•德米斯图拉先生所作的特别重要的通报。从更广泛的角度来说，我谨代表法国深深感谢他过去四年来开展的模范工作，为解决我们时代最严重的危机之一作出了紧张和不懈的努力。他的努力将在联合国的叙利亚冲突工作上留下不可磨灭的印记。 | Mr. Delattre (France) (spoke in French): I warmly thank the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Syria, Mr. Staffan De Mistura, for his particularly important briefing. More broadly, on behalf of France I would like to offer him our deep gratitude for his exemplary engagement and intensive and tireless efforts over the past four years to resolve one of the gravest crises of our times. His efforts will leave an indelible mark on the United Nations work on the Syrian conflict. |
我首先要谈一谈叙利亚东北部的局势，该地区今天需要我们的充分关注。法国确实将打击恐怖主义作为优先事项，以便彻底消除达伊沙，并打击该地区的恐怖主义回潮。我们评估认为，达伊沙仍然对黎凡特构成威胁，并且该恐怖组织可以继续依赖较小的地区，特别是在叙利亚。 | I would like to start by addressing the situation in north-eastern Syria, which requires our full attention today. The fight against terrorism is indeed a priority for France, in order to thoroughly eliminate Da’esh and counter any resurgence of terrorism in the region. Our assessment is that Da’esh continues to be a threat in the Levant and that that terrorist organization can continue to rely on smaller areas, particularly in Syria. |
在这种情况下，当地日益紧张的局势可能为恐怖主义团体提供机会。很有可能再度陷入暴力，重新出现大规模暴行。东北部不应成为众多不得不应对人道主义灾难的叙利亚地区中的又一个地区。就像在局势日益恶化的伊德利卜，东北部新的敌对行动将会产生严重后果。关于伊德利卜，必须根据伊斯坦布尔峰会得出的结论，可持续地维持停止敌对行动状态。因此，我们呼吁俄罗斯和土耳其按照承诺加倍努力，尽一切可能维持当地平静态势。 | In that context, growing tensions on the ground could provide opportunities for terrorist groups. There is a very real risk of a new descent into violence and a resumption of large-scale atrocities. The north-east should not have to become yet another Syrian region on the long list of those that have had to deal with a humanitarian disaster. In the north-east — as in Idlib, where the situation is deteriorating — renewed hostilities would have dramatic consequences. With regard to Idlib, it is essential to sustainably maintain the cessation of hostilities, in line with the conclusions of the Istanbul summit. We therefore call upon Russia and Turkey to redouble their efforts and do everything possible to preserve the calm on the ground, as they committed themselves to doing. |
我们也与国际联盟的伙伴国家一道，与华盛顿密切接触，商讨执行美国总统宣布的撤出美国对叙利亚达伊沙作战部队这一决定的时间表和条件。未来几周，法国将注意确保包括叙利亚民主力量在内的所有美国伙伴的安全。美国必须考虑到对叙利亚东北部人口的保护和该地区的稳定，以避免出现任何新的人道主义悲剧或恐怖主义死灰复燃。正是由于国际联盟2014年以来的行动，以及地方部队——一方面是伊拉克，另一方面是库尔德人和叙利亚阿拉伯人——的行动，达伊沙才被削弱，基本失去了其夺取的地盘。然而，战斗还没有结束。 | We, alongside the partner States of the international coalition, are also in close contact with Washington regarding the timetable and conditions for the implementation of the decision to withdraw United States forces engaged against Da’esh in Syria, as was announced by the President of the United States. In the coming weeks, France will take care to ensure the security of all United States partners, including the Syrian Democratic Forces. It is important that the United States take into account the protection of the populations of north-east Syria and the stability of that area in order to avoid any new humanitarian tragedy or resurgence of terrorism. It is thanks to the action of the international coalition since 2014, and of the local forces — Iraqi on the one hand, Kurdish and Syrian Arabs on the other — that Da’esh has been weakened and has essentially lost its territorial gains. However, the fight is not over. |
我还想重新谈谈最近几周在叙利亚冲突的政治领域所作的紧张努力。过去几周，为了在联合国的主持下成立一个平衡、包容的宪法委员会，进行了非同寻常的外交动员。在座各位都呼吁宪法委员会召开第一次会议。这个小团体的成员也在大会期间提出了同一要求，俄罗斯承诺实现这一目标。10月27日，法国、德国、俄罗斯和土耳其的国家元首和政府首脑在伊斯坦布尔设定了一个清晰、现实的目标:在年底前举行一次委员会会议。 | I would also like to return to the intense efforts deployed in recent weeks within the political sphere of the Syrian conflict. The past few weeks have seen exceptional diplomatic mobilization for the formation of a balanced and inclusive constitutional committee under the auspices of the United Nations. All of us around this table have called for the first meeting of the constitutional committee. The members of the small group also requested the same on the sidelines of the General Assembly, and Russia made a commitment to achieve that. On 27 October in Istanbul, the Heads of State and Government of France, Germany, Russia and Turkey set a clear and realistic goal: to hold a meeting of the committee before the end of year. |
尽管我们达成了一个统一愿景——这在叙利亚问题的历史上十分罕见——推动政治进程宪法方面的进展，但不幸的是，最近在日内瓦进行的讨论未能使我们取得有利结果。斯塔凡·德米斯图拉在整个过程中不懈努力，竭尽全力建立一个平衡和包容的宪法委员会，而这是对解决叙利亚危机的合法、可行的政治进程作出的第一个重要贡献。 | While we have achieved a united vision — which is a rare occurrence with regard to the Syrian file — to The situation in the Middle East S/PV.8434 move forward on the constitutional aspect of the political process, the latest discussions in Geneva have, unfortunately, not enabled us to reach a favourable outcome. Staffan de Mistura has worked tirelessly throughout this process, devoting every effort to establishing a balanced and inclusive constitutional committee, which is the first essential contribution to a legitimate and viable political process to settle the Syrian crisis. |
毫无疑问，我们今天所处的局势归因于叙利亚政权，该政权从未试图表示过些微的承诺迹象。我们很遗憾，俄罗斯和伊朗不能或者说不会说服该政权相信，这符合其利益，也符合叙利亚人民的利益。最近几天，阿斯塔纳担保国提出了一份协调不力、不平衡的名单，他们知道这份名单上的人是不可接受的，会危及未来委员会的信誉。这些国家从始至终一直以为，是由它们来决定委员会的组成，而联合国不经进一步讨论就会接受它们的决定。日内瓦会议上提出的名单显然不可接受，也被明确认为是不可接受的。 | The situation in which we find ourselves today is, without a doubt, due to the Syrian regime, which has never sought to show the slightest sign of commitment. We regret that Russia and Iran could not — or would not — convince the regime that it was in its interest, as well as that of the Syrian people. The Astana guarantors have, in recent days, proposed a poorly coordinated and unbalanced list of people whom they know to be unacceptable and jeopardize the credibility of the future committee. Throughout this process, these countries have been under the impression that it was up to them to determine the composition of the committee and that the United Nations would accept it without further discussion. What was presented in Geneva is clearly unacceptable and clearly considered as such. |
如果有希望建立一个可信的宪法委员会，那就要由该政权及其支持者在年底前证明这一点。我们不打算就此事排除任何可能性。一个可信的委员会 | If there is any hope of creating a credible constitutional committee, it is up to the regime and its supporters to prove this by the end of the year. We do not intend to close any doors on this matter. |
不打算就此事排除任何可能性。一个可信的委员会需要协调多项参数:平衡的、彼此商定的成员组成必须被双方平等接受，而不仅仅是被该政权所接受；它决不能从一开始就破坏政治进程；必须要有联合国提出的、同样平衡的议事规则；委员会成员必须充分致力于联合国主导的日内瓦进程。 | A credible committee requires cohesion among a number of parameters: a balanced and mutually agreed membership must be accepted by both parties in equal measure, not simply by the regime; it must not undermine the political process from the outset; there must be equally balanced rules of procedure, proposed by the United Nations; and the membership must be fully committed to the Geneva process, led by the United Nations. |
虽然联合国数月来加倍努力，试图就此达成一致意见，但我们如果确认遭到拒绝，就将在1月份裴凯儒抵达后探索执行第2254(2015)号决议的所有方式。该决议仍然是我们政治解决叙利亚危机的唯一路线图。宪法层面只是一个方面；任何持久的叙利亚问题政治解决方案都需要引入若干其他方面，尽管在这些其他要素方面显然进展甚微。 | While the United Nations has spent months redoubling its efforts in attempts to arrive at such an agreement, the refusal we have been met with will lead us — if this is confirmed — to explore all modalities of implementation of resolution 2254 (2015) upon the arrival of Geir Pedersen in January. That remains our only road map for a political settlement of the Syrian crisis. The constitutional dimension is but one aspect; any lasting political solution in Syria would require the introduction of several others, although it is clear that there has been little progress with regard to those other components. |
为此，我们必须重申联合国调解的核心地位。安理会一致通过的第2254(2015)号决议必须继续成为我们所有努力的框架。它比以往任何时候都更应该成为指导我们的唯一共同目标。摆脱冲突的唯一可能办法，是在联合国的监督下推动可信的宪法程序和自由公正的选举，并确保叙利亚境内外的所有叙利亚人参与。 | To achieve this, we must reaffirm the centrality of United Nations mediation. Resolution 2254 (2015), unanimously adopted by the Council, must remain the framework for all our efforts. More than ever, that is the only common goal that should guide us. The only possible way out of the conflict is through a credible constitutional process and free and impartial elections, under the supervision of the United Nations, and ensuring the participation of all Syrians, whether inside or outside Syria’s borders. |
第2254(2015)号决议规定采取建立信任措施，优先考虑被拘留者的命运；防止政治迫害和任意逮捕；以及保障流离失所者的财产权。这些建立信任措施的具体行动将是建立安全、中立的环境，为每一名叙利亚公民提供一席之地所必需的。它们也是为难民和流离失所者自愿、安全回返创造政治条件所必需的。叙利亚必须在政治上自我重建，以恢复稳定。它也必须作为社会自我重建；因此打击有罪不罚现象无法回避。全面执行第2254(2015)号决议还意味着实现持久停火，并确保通过自由、不受阻碍地将人道主义援助送达叙利亚全境来保护人民。 | Resolution 2254 (2015) provides for the adoption of confidence-building measures, prioritizing the fate of detainees; protection against political persecution and arbitrary arrests; and guaranteeing the property rights of displaced persons. Those confidence-building measures will serve as the concrete actions needed to establish a safe and neutral environment where each and every Syrian citizen has a place. They are also necessary to establish the political conditions for the voluntary and safe return of refugees and displaced persons. Syria must rebuild itself politically to regain stability. It will also have to rebuild itself as a society; hence why the fight against impunity is unavoidable. The full implementation of resolution 2254 (2015) will also mean achieving a lasting ceasefire and ensuring the protection of the people through free and unimpeded access to humanitarian aid throughout Syria. |
叙利亚的悲剧由于其可怕的人的层面——也因为它反映并突出显示了我们的集体无能——仍将是我们这一代人的标志之一。正是本着这种精神，在安理会会议厅里，我与法国人类学家利蒂希娅·阿特拉尼-迪奥一道，呼吁我们大家确保这场悲剧不会使联合国垮台。今天叙利亚正处于十字路口，而伊德利卜等地仍面临着巨大风险。我们坚信，今天，也许是七年来头一次，我们有一个狭窄的机会之窗来形成解决叙利亚冲突的真正政治势头。然而，由于最近几天的局势发展，这一机会之窗可能会消失。 | The Syrian tragedy, due to its terrible human dimension — but also because it reveals and revels in our collective impotence — will remain one of the markers of our generation. It is in that spirit that, in this Chamber and with the French anthropologist Laetitia Atlani-Duault, I call upon us all to ensure that this tragedy does not become the downfall of the United Nations. Today Syria stands at a crossroads, while the risks in Idlib and elsewhere remain immense. Our conviction is that today, perhaps for the first time in the past seven years, we have a narrow window of opportunity to foster real political momentum to settle the Syrian conflict. However, this window of opportunity is likely to disappear, given developments in the situation in recent days. |
因此，对我们所有人来说，肩负起我们的责任比以往任何时候都更加重要和紧迫。尤其是阿斯塔纳担保国必须表明，它们能够履行并确保充分兑现它们所作的承诺。就法国而言，它打算继续充分致力于促进解决叙利亚冲突。我们希望人人都这么做，因为现在没有这样的解决方案，还不能允许减少与叙利亚的接触。 | It is therefore more crucial and more urgent than ever for all of us to shoulder our responsibilities. The Astana guarantors in particular must demonstrate that they can live up to the commitments they have undertaken and ensure their full implementation. For its part, France intends to remain fully committed to contribute to a solution to the Syrian conflict. We hope The situation in the Middle East 20/12/2018 that this will be the same for everyone, because in the absence of such a solution, now is not the time to allow engagement with Syria to dwindle. |
德米斯图拉先生的堪称典范的承诺将继续激励我们。我们必须像他一样，保持充分动员状态，实现叙利亚冲突的政治解决。叙利亚危机仍对区域稳定和我们的集体安全构成严重威胁。因此，只有政治解决才能使该国重新恢复持久稳定。法国绝不放弃，绝不会在未来几周无视任何实现和平的可能途径。 | Like Mr. De Mistura, whose exemplary commitment will continue to inspire us, we must remain fully mobilized to achieve a political outcome to the Syrian conflict. The Syrian crisis still poses a serious threat to regional stability and our collective security, and therefore, only a political outcome can enable the country to regain lasting stability. France will not give up and will not disregard, over the course of the coming weeks, any of the possible paths to peace. |
范·伍斯特隆姆先生（荷兰）（以英语发言）：我们感谢斯塔凡·德米斯图拉特使的通报。我们代表荷兰王国感谢他在任秘书长叙利亚问题特使期间发挥的领导才能、奉献和坚韧不拔的精神及承诺。我们向他表示最深切的钦佩。即使在最困难的情况下，他仍然保持同情、怜悯和人道精神。我们特别感谢他不妥协，坚持增强民间社会、特别是叙利亚妇女的发言权，我们非常重视他们的发言权。 | Mr. Van Oosterom (Netherlands): We thank Special Envoy Staffan de Mistura for his briefing. On behalf of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, we thank him for his leadership, dedication, tenacity and commitment during his tenure as Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Syria. He has our fullest admiration. Under the most difficult circumstances, he has retained his empathy, compassion and humanity. We are specifically grateful to him for not compromising on amplifying the voices of civil society, and Syrian women in particular, to which we attach great value. |
今天，我将集中谈三点：第一，宪法委员会;第二，被拘者和失踪者下落;第三，追责。 | I will focus on three points today: first, the constitutional committee; secondly, the fate of detainees and missing persons; and thirdly, accountability. |
关于第一点即宪法委员会，我们充分支持联合国召集宪法委员会的努力。我们肯定阿斯塔纳进程担保国努力设法解决宪法委员会联合国“三分之一中间派”代表名单问题。让我强调，一个可信的政治进程需要有一个可信、平衡、包容所有叙利亚人的宪法委员会。宪法委员会必须得到包括叙利亚反对派在内的所有各方的接受。一个不符合这些条件的宪法委员会，将缺乏必要的国际合法性。我们呼吁联合国继续监测和确保各方在宪法委员会上的平等代表权。我们重申妇女代表至少占宪法委员会及各小组委员会30％的重要性。 | With regard to my first point concerning the constitutional committee, we fully support the efforts of the United Nations to convene the constitutional committee. We acknowledge the efforts of the Astana guarantors to find a way forward on the United Nations middle third list of representatives on the committee. Let me underline that a credible political process demands a constitutional committee that is credible, balanced and inclusive of all Syrians. The constitutional committee needs to be acceptable to all parties, including the Syrian opposition. A committee that does not meet those conditions would lack the necessary international legitimacy. We call on the United Nations to continue to monitor and ensure equal representation in the constitutional committee. We repeat the importance of a minimum of 30 per cent female representation in the constitutional committee and its subcommittees. |
我们也呼吁联合国在制定委员会工作方法和程序，包括主席名额平衡的规定方面发挥主导作用。我们欣见联合国未就宪法委员会问题关上大门，并将继续作出努力。我们期待继任特使就提出组成一个平衡可信、包容各方的宪法委员会必要方案的可行性发表意见。如果可行，我们肯定会欢迎在日内瓦举行第一次会议。如果无法肯定其合法性，我们将支持继任特使根据第2254（2015）号决议寻找替代办法。荷兰王国重申，设立宪法委员会本身并不是目的，而是整个基于第2254（2015）号决议和日内瓦公报（S / 2012/522，附件）的政治进程的一部分。 | We also call on the United Nations to take a leading role in the establishment of the working methods and the procedures of the committee, including provisions on a balanced chairing agreement. We welcome the fact that the United Nations has not closed the door on the constitutional committee and will go the extra mile. We are looking forward to the incoming Special Envoy’s views on the viability of the necessary package for a credible, balanced and inclusive constitutional committee. If it can be achieved, we would surely welcome a first meeting in Geneva. If the stamp of legitimacy cannot be given, we will support the incoming Special Envoy in his efforts to find an alternative way forward under resolution 2254 (2015). The Kingdom of the Netherlands reiterates that the establishment of the constitutional committee is not an end in itself, but part of a broader political process based on resolution 2254 (2015) and the Geneva communiqué (S/2012/522, annex). |
第二，关于被羁押人、失踪者和酷刑问题，我们对被羁押人问题缺乏进展表示严重关切。在阿萨德政权手下，有数十万平民未经正当程序被捕，身陷囹圄和/或失踪。我们对阿拉伯叙利亚共和国问题独立国际调查委员会最新报告所述的监狱状况令人震惊表示严重关切，报告提及酷刑和性暴力。 | Secondly, with regard to detainees, missing persons and torture, we express grave concern about the lack of progress on the detainees file. Hundreds of thousands of civilians have been arrested, imprisoned and/or disappeared without due process at the hands of the Al-Assad regime. We are gravely concerned by the appalling situation in prisons, as was described in the most recent report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic, which referred to torture and sexual violence. |
应允许联合国人权事务高级专员和红十字国际委员会进入监狱。我们对该政权向死者家属发囚犯死亡通知的做法表示震惊。我们坚决主张支持家人有权了解有关囚犯的信息。我们呼吁有关各方着力针对被羁押人问题实施建立信任措施。叙利亚政权应着手释放所有政治犯。我们期待继任特使优先突出被羁押人和失踪者问题，作为政治进程的一个组成部分。 | The United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and the International Committee of the Red Cross should have access to the prisons. We are horrified by the death notices of prisoners that the regime sends out to family members, and we are staunch advocates for support and access to information about prisoners for family members. We call on the parties involved to invest in confidence-building measures on the detainee issue. The Syrian regime should start a process of releasing all political prisoners. We are looking forward to the prioritization, by the incoming Special Envoy, of the detainee and missing persons issue as an integral part of the political process. |
因此我要谈谈第三点，即追责问题。我们再次强调，不追究战争罪责任人的罪责，无法实现叙利亚持久稳定。我们重申，我们支持叙利亚问题国际公正独立机制，并强调我们将继续积极推进追责。 | That brings me to my third point on accountability. Once more, we underline that lasting stability in Syria cannot be achieved without accountability for those responsible for war crimes. We repeat our support for the International, Impartial and Independent Mechanism in Syria, and we emphasize that we will continue to actively promote accountability. |
荷兰王国再次呼吁把叙利亚局势提交国际刑事法院。我们感到遗憾的是，有人使用否决权，致使安理会无法这样做。我还要强调，叙利亚政治局势和治理需要结构性改变。必须满足难民安全、自愿、有尊严地返回的条件。这些条件目前尚未得到满足。必须保证住房、土地和财产权得到保护。那将促进和解与返回。只有在可信和包容性政治过渡扎实展开的情况下，欧洲联盟才有可能开始考虑为叙利亚提供重建援助。我谨强调我国外交大臣斯特 | The Kingdom of the Netherlands reiterates its calls for the situation in Syria to be referred to the International Criminal Court. We regret that the Council has been blocked from doing so by the use of the veto. Let me The situation in the Middle East S/PV.8434 also underline that structural changes are needed in the political situation and in the governance of Syria. The conditions for the safe, voluntary and dignified return of refugees need to be met. That is currently not the case. The protection of housing, land and property rights need to be guaranteed. That would make reconciliation and return easier. We need a credible and inclusive political transition firmly under way before the European Union can even begin to consider reconstruction aid for Syria. |
叙利亚提供重建援助。我谨强调我国外交大臣斯特夫 •布洛克的话，即“对荷兰王国而言，为一个犯有战争罪的政权提供资金是不可想象的。” | I would like to emphasize the words of my Minister for Foreign Affairs, Stef Blok, who said: “It is unthinkable for the Kingdom of the Netherlands to finance a regime that is responsible for war crimes.” |
最后，叙利亚冲突是我们时代最黑暗、最残暴的悲剧之一。不幸的是，这一冲突远未结束。有人相信军事解决，但没有军事解决办法。军事胜利不会带来稳定，不会带来安全。在这方面，我重申，我们呼吁所有各方加紧努力，维持伊德利卜停火，寻求谈判和可持续的政治解决办法。归根结底，只有通过包容性政治进程才能解决叙利亚冲突。荷兰王国将继续为此目标作贡献。 | In conclusion, the Syrian conflict forms one of the darkest and most violent episodes of our times. Unfortunately, it is far from over. There are those who believe in a military solution, but there is none. Military victories will not lead to stability and will not lead to safety. In that respect, I reiterate our call on all parties to intensify their efforts to uphold the ceasefire in Idlib and find a negotiated and sustainable political solution. In the end, only an inclusive political process can solve the Syrian conflict. The Kingdom of the Netherlands will continue to contribute towards that goal. |
也让我借此机会向所有对全球打击伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯兰国联盟有贡献的国家致敬。该联盟已经取得重大进展，但仍有许多工作要做。在这方面，我赞同法国同事刚才提出的观点。此外，就此具体问题而言，我们强调，叙利亚问题得不到政治解决，就无法击败极端主义。 | Let me also take this opportunity to salute all of the countries that have contributed to the Global Coalition to Counter the Islamic State in Iraq and the Sham. The Coalition has achieved great progress, but much remains to be done. Let me associate myself with the points made in that regard by our French colleague just now. Also, in this specific context, we stress that extremism will not be defeated without a political solution for Syria. |
最后，我欢迎我好友裴凯儒出任新任特使，并表示支持他将根据第2254（2015）号决议开展工作。我们呼吁新特使和现任及即将上任的安全理事会成员致力于打击有罪不罚的现象。应当为叙利亚人民伸张正义。 | Let me finish by welcoming my good friend, Geir Pedersen, as the new incoming Special Envoy and by expressing support for his upcoming work on the basis of resolution 2254 (2015). We call on the new Envoy and both current and incoming Security Council members to commit themselves to the fight against impunity. The Syrian people deserve justice. |
用斯塔凡·德米斯图拉先生本周末在多哈论坛上发言时的话说：正义“如同烛光，其光应永不消失......我们需要这种烛光......因为有一天，而且易早不易迟，这一烛光将给因此灾难而失去多人的人带来希望” 。我感谢我们的朋友斯塔凡保持这一希望和正义之光不灭。 | To use the words of Staffan de Mistura from this weekend at the Doha Forum: justice is “like a candle and the light should never disappear... we need that light... because one day, sooner rather than later, that candle will be giving a feeling of hope to those who lost so many people due to this horror”. I thank our dear friend Staffan for keeping that candlelight of hope and justice alive. |
阿姆德先生（埃塞俄比亚）（以英语发言）：我们感谢斯塔凡·德米斯图拉特使的全面通报。这是他的最后一次通报，也是我国在安理会任期内就叙利亚问题的最后一次发言。我谨表示，我们深切赞赏特使的奉献及其高度专业的外交努力，促进叙利亚冲突的政治解决。四年多来，他全身心地投 | Mr. Amde (Ethiopia): We thank Special Envoy Staffan de Mistura for his comprehensive briefing. This is his last briefing. It is also our last statement on the Syrian issue as a Council member. I would like to express our deep appreciation to the Special Envoy for his dedicated and highly professional diplomatic efforts to facilitate a political solution to the Syrian conflict. |
叙利亚冲突的政治解决。四年多来，他全身心地投入，用数十年的经验和知识促进危机的和平解决。我们深切感谢他的坚决努力，感谢他面对最艰难的外交任务仍保持乐观的态度。我们相信，他的工作将为他的继任者提供一个很好的起点。实际上，这些实事求是的评估和反思今天得到雄辩的说明，它们极其有助于推动联合国主持的叙利亚人内部政治会谈。 | For more than four years, he has devoted his full energy and his decades of experience and knowledge to facilitating a peaceful end to the crisis. We are deeply grateful for his determined efforts and for his continued sense of optimism while dealing with what has been one of the most difficult of diplomatic assignments. His work will, we believe, make an excellent starting point for his successor. Indeed, the honest assessment and reflection so eloquently presented today will be extremely useful for advancing the intra-Syrian political talks under the auspices of the United Nations. |
德米斯图拉先生在告诉安理会他决定转赴他任时（见S/PV.8373），还承诺直到他的任务授权的最后一天，他将竭尽所能召集一个宪法委员会——一个重振政治进程的基础。这正是他一直以来所做的工作，他与叙利亚各方、阿斯塔纳担保国、小集团成员和其他利益攸关方保持接触。他一直在推动采取一切可能办法，成立一个有公信力和包容各方的宪法委员会。但是，正如他最近所指出，这场马拉松式的努力还需再跑一程。我们强调必须召集一个由叙利亚人主导、叙利亚人自主的宪法委员会，它对于按照第2254（2015）号决议重振全面政治进程至关重要。 | When Mr. De Mistura told the Council of his decision to move on (see S/PV.8373), he also promised to do all he could up until the last day of his mandate to convene a constitutional committee — a stepping stone towards the revitalization of the political process. That is precisely what he has been doing, engaging with the Syrian parties, the Astana guarantors, the members of the small group and other stakeholders. He has been advancing the possibility of creating a credible and inclusive constitutional committee. However, as he recently pointed out, there is an extra mile to go in that marathon effort. We stress the importance of convening a Syrian-led and Syrian-owned constitutional committee, essential for reviving a comprehensive political process, in accordance with resolution 2254 (2015). |
实地情况发生了变化，叙利亚的相对平静令人鼓舞。尽管如此，显然还有一些领域存在着与当前敌对行动有关的非常严峻的挑战。数百万人仍迫切需要人道主义援助；另有数百万人沦为难民和境内流离失所者。如果我们想要避免任何可能的人道主义灾难，至关重要的是充分落实伊德利卜非军事化协议。 | There are changes on the ground, and the relative calm in Syria is encouraging. Nevertheless, it is clear that there are also areas with very serious challenges relating to ongoing hostilities. Millions remain in desperate need of humanitarian aid; millions more are refugees and internally displaced. The full implementation of the demilitarization agreement on Idlib is critical if we are to avoid any possible humanitarian catastrophe. |
我们在担任安理会理事国期间再三强调，只有通过联合国促成的全面政治对话，才能有效和可持续地解决叙利亚危机。情况依然如此。军事解决行不通。叙利亚各方必须秉诚与新任命的特使裴凯儒先生进行建设性接触。我们祝愿他圆满履行职责。同样重要的是，对当地行为体有影响力的其他会员国也必须支持谋求叙利亚持久和平。遗憾的是，在叙利亚问题上一直很难达成共识。我无需提醒各位成员，安全理事会是负责维护国际和平与安全的机构。它的团结，尤其是常任理事国的协商一致，是在叙利亚取得进展的核心和关键。为了过去八年忍受如此多苦难的叙利亚人民，我们希望所有行为体最终一道努力，找到一条共同途径，结束这场仍在持续的悲剧。早该采取这样的行动了。奥泰比先生（科威特）（以阿拉伯语发言）：首先，我们感谢斯塔凡·德米斯图拉先生所作的全面而详细的通报，并感谢他过去四年为实现叙利亚和平付出的不懈努力。三年前，在这个安理厅，安全理事会一致通过第2254（2015）号决议，决议绘制了路线图，以期用政治方式公正解决叙利亚问题，并让这个拥有辉煌历史的阿拉伯国家恢复稳定。但是，三年过去了，令人遗憾的是，我们未能在实地落实该决议。1月份，在索契达成了设立一个宪法委员会的协定。我们对委员会投入运作期待已久。迄今为了委员会能够在年底之前开始工作而付出的努力都没有成功。我们再次呼吁成立一个代表叙利亚各部分人口的平衡、可信、全面和包容各方的委员会。我们相信它将为推动叙利亚政治进程发挥重要作用。宪法委员会是政治过渡的第一步，政治过渡包括多个步骤，例如起草宪法并根据宪法，在联合国监 | We have repeatedly stressed during our time on the Council that the Syrian crisis can be effectively and sustainably addressed only through a comprehensive political dialogue facilitated by the United Nations. The situation in the Middle East 20/12/2018 That remains the case. Thereis no military solution. The Syrian parties must engage constructively and in good faith with the newly appointed Special Envoy, Mr. Pedersen. We wish him every success in discharging his responsibilities. Equally important, other Member States with influence over local actors must also support the search for durable peace in Syria. Regrettably, forging agreement on Syrian issues has been very difficult. I do not have to remind members that the Security Council is the body responsible for the maintenance of international peace and security. Its unity, particularly agreement among the permanent members, is central and critical to making progress in Syria. For the sake of the Syrian people, who have endured so much over the last eight years, we hope that all actors will finally work together to find a common path to end that continuing tragedy. Such action is very long overdue. Mr Alotaibi (Kuwait) (spoke in Arabic): At the outset, we thank Mr. Staffan de Mistura for his comprehensive and detailed briefing and for his relentless efforts over the past four years to achieve peace in Syria. Three years ago in this Chamber, the Security Council unanimously adopted resolution 2254 (2015), which set a road map for reaching a just political settlement in Syria and restoring stability to that dear Arab country, which has a great history. However, three years have passed and we have, unfortunately, not been able to implement that resolution on the ground. In January, an agreement was reached in Sochi to establish a constitutional committee. We have long awaited the start of its functioning. Efforts made thus far to allow the committee to begin its work before the end of the year have been unsuccessful. We renew our call for a balanced, credible, comprehensive and inclusive committee in which all Syrian components are represented. We believe that that would play a vital role in moving the Syrian political process forward. The constitutional committee is the first step in a political transition that includes several steps, such as drafting |
多个步骤，例如起草宪法并根据宪法，在联合国监督下，按照透明度和问责制最高国际标准举行自由公正的选举。选举还应当按照第2254（2015）号决议，让所有叙利亚人表达意见，包括那些生活在国外的叙利亚人。 | the constitution and holding free and fair elections, pursuant to the constitution, under the supervision of the United Nations and in line with highest international standards of transparency and accountability. The elections should also give voice to all Syrians, including those living abroad, in accordance with resolution 2254 (2015). |
我们已经听取了特使的发言，并密切关注12月18日阿斯塔纳担保国同他在日内瓦就推动建立宪法委员会一事举行的讨论。在这方面，我们强调联合 | We have listened to the Special Envoy and closely followed the discussions of the Astana guarantors with him in Geneva on 18 December to move forward with the establishment of the constitutional committee. |
委员会一事举行的讨论。在这方面，我们强调联合国对促成叙利亚人主导、叙利亚人自主的进程可发挥核心作用。 | In that regard, we stress that the United Nations has a central role to play in facilitating a Syrian-led and Syrian-owned process. |
叙利亚政治进程处于紧要关头，必须果断作出决定。我说安全理事会和联合国的公信力在叙利亚危机的这一敏感时期岌岌可危，这并非危言耸听。我们重申，叙利亚危机不可能以军事手段解决。必须支持在有关各方之间建立信任的一切努力，特别是通过释放所有囚犯和被拘留者，支持国际、公正和独立机制对所有战争罪和危害人类罪进行调查，并追究所有肇事者的责任。 | The political process in Syria is at a critical juncture and requires decisive decisions. I am not exaggerating when I say that the credibility of the Security Council and the United Nations is at stake at this sensitive period in the Syrian crisis. We reaffirm that there can be no military solution to the crisis in Syrian. There is a need to support all efforts to build trust among the relevant parties, most notably through the release of all prisoners and detainees, support for the International, Impartial and Independent Mechanism to investigate all war crimes and crimes against humanity, and the holding of all perpetrators accountable. |
幸有土耳其-俄罗斯协定，只要伊德利卜省相对稳定，就有一线希望实现突破，朝着落实第2254（2015）号决议和2012年日内瓦公报（S/2012/522，附件）的方向迈出重要的一步。 | As long as Idlib province is relatively stable, thanks to the Turkish-Russian agreement, there is a glimmer of hope for achieving a breakthrough and make an important step towards the implementation of resolution 2254 (2015) and the 2012 Geneva communiqué (S/2012/522, annex). |
国际社会和安全理事会一再辜负叙利亚人民。我们决不能再让他们失望。我们应当执行安理会有关决议，通过叙利亚各方一致同意的政治解决方案，让叙利亚人民能够实现他们的合理愿望。这样，叙利亚人民才能实现他们的合理愿望，同时保持叙利亚的统一、独立和主权。 | The international community and the Security Council have repeatedly failed the Syrian people. We must not fail them again. We ought to implement the relevant Council resolutions so as to enable the Syrian people to achieve their legitimate aspirations through a political settlement agreed by all Syrian protagonists. That would enable the Syrian people to achieve their legitimate aspirations, while preserving the unity, independence and sovereignty of Syria. |
最后，我们再次感谢并深为赞赏德米斯图拉特使过去四年付出的不懈努力。我们期待与新任特使裴凯儒大使合作。科威特国将全力支持他并鼓励他努力确保圆满完成任务。 | In conclusion, we reiterate our thanks and deep appreciation to Special Envoy Mr. De Mistura for his relentless efforts over the past four years. We look forward to working with the new Special Envoy, Ambassador Geir Pedersen. The State of Kuwait will fully support him and encourage his efforts to ensure the success of his mandate. |
乌马罗夫先生（哈萨克斯坦）（以英语发言）：我们感谢德米斯图拉特使所作的全面通报。在他结束卓有建树的任期之时，我要代表哈萨克斯坦向他和他的团队表达我们最诚挚的感谢，感谢他们为实现叙利亚持久和平所作的努力和贡献。我们高度赞赏特使的出色参与，他为召集一个由联合国协助、叙利亚人自主、叙利亚人主导的可信和平衡的制宪委员会而举行的密集协商表明了这一点。德米斯图拉先生的工作意义深远。他留下了自己的印记和遗绪，我们都高度赞赏他的努力。他为继任者的后续工作奠定了坚实基础。我们祝愿新任特使裴凯儒圆满完成他的重要任务。 | Mr. Umarov (Kazakhstan): We thank Special Envoy de Mistura for his comprehensive briefing. As he ends his highly meritorious service, I would like to express to him and his team our most sincere gratitude on behalf of Kazakhstan for their efforts and commitment to achieving enduring peace in Syria. We greatly appreciate the Special Envoy’s The situation in the Middle East S/PV.8434 outstanding engagement, as demonstrated in the intensive consultations to convene a credible and balanced United Nations-facilitated, Syrian-owned and -led constitutional committee. Mr. de Mistura’s work has been monumental. He has left his mark and legacy, and we all greatly appreciate his efforts. He has built a strong foundation for his successor to build upon. We wish the new Special Envoy, Geir Pedersen, every success on his important assignment. |
目前，叙利亚和平生活的轮廓正变得日渐清晰。因此我们认为必须继续努力组建一个制宪委员会。这项任务并非易事，但我们必须耐心坚持，因为别无选择。该委员会将能够为叙利亚起草一部新的基本法。 | At present, the contours of a peaceful life in Syria are becoming increasingly clear. We therefore consider it to be very important to continue to work on the establishment of a constitutional committee. It is not an easy task, but we must patiently and consistently keep at it, because there is no alternative. The committee would enable the drafting of a new basic law for Syria. |
在这方面，我们欢迎叙利亚问题特使斯塔凡·德米斯图拉所作的努力，他本周在日内瓦接待了伊朗伊斯兰共和国、俄罗斯联邦和土耳其共和国的高级代表，讨论建立一个可信、平衡和包容各方的制宪委员会的可能。有关各方必须为尽早成立一个叙利亚制宪委员会提供最大支持。这些协商为政治解决叙利亚问题作出重要贡献，是1月30日《索契最后声明》的后续行动，与旨在落实安理会第2254（2015）号决议的日内瓦进程一致。阿斯塔纳认为，我们能够确保为建立一个可信、平衡和包容各方的宪法委员会做出必要的一揽子安排。这也将包括为主持、起草和确保选举可行性做出的平衡安排。 | In that regard, we welcome the efforts made by Staffan de Mistura, Special Envoy for Syria, who this week hosted high-level representatives of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Turkey in Geneva to discuss the possibility of establishing a credible, balanced and inclusive constitutional committee. It is essential that all parties involved provide maximum support for the earliest formation of a Syrian constitutional committee. Those consultations have made a significant contribution to the political settlement in Syria as a follow up to the Sochi final statement of 30 January, which is in line with the Geneva process to implement Council resolution 2254 (2015). Astana believes that we can ensure the necessary package of arrangements for a credible, balanced and inclusive constitutional committee. That would also include a balanced arrangement for chairing, drafting and ensuring electoral viability. |
我们欣见，秘书长赞赏阿斯塔纳进程及其宝贵的工作，特别是其担保方自身以及与叙利亚反对派代表一道开展的工作所具有的价值。秘书长还肯定了其它高级别会议的重要性，其中包括2017年11月11日的《岘港声明》和2018年10月27日的《伊斯坦布尔宣言》。 | We are pleased that the Secretary-General appreciates the value of the Astana process and its invaluable work, especially among the guarantors themselves and with the representatives of the Syrian opposition. The Secretary-General has also acknowledged the importance of other high-level meetings, including the Da Nang statement of 11 November 2017 and the Istanbul Declaration of 27 October 2018. |
我们认为，在叙利亚建立和平的唯一途径是在叙利亚人自己主导下，根据第2254(2015)号决议建立全面的政治进程。我们还认为，阿斯塔纳进程取得了力求加强停火和监测机制的积极成果，为日内 | We believe that the only way to create peace in Syria is to establish a comprehensive political process under the leadership of the Syrians themselves, in accordance with resolution 2254 (2015). We also believe that the Astana process has yielded positive results aimed at strengthening the ceasefire and the monitoring mechanism and has laid the foundation for further political settlement in the framework of the Geneva talks. |
莱维茨基先生（波兰）（以英语发言）：让我和所有其他代表团一道赞扬斯塔凡·德米斯图拉的出色工作、他了不起的个人承诺以及他为了给叙利亚特别是叙利亚人民带来和平而做出的一切不懈努力，因为正如他正确强调的那样，这不仅对叙利亚人民，而且对整个人类也是一场巨大的悲剧。 | Mr. Lewicki (Poland): Let me join all other delegations in commending Staffan de Mistura for his outstanding work, his great personal commitment and all his tireless efforts aimed at bringing peace to Syria and in particular to the Syrian people, because, as he has rightly stressed, this is a great tragedy not only for the people of Syria but also for humankind as a whole. |
令人遗憾的是，在叙利亚冲突进入第八个年头的时候，持续和普遍的暴力仍然猖獗，包括严重和有系统的破坏和侵犯人权和国际人权法。 | Regrettably, at a time when the Syrian conflict has entered its eighth year, continual and widespread violence is still rampant, including serious and systematic violations and abuses of human rights and international human rights law. |
现在，在2018年底，我们正处于关键时刻。我们坚信伊德利卜停火协议带来了一些积极的动态。但是，问题仍然存在。首先是该安排在未来的可持续性；其次是叙利亚冲突各方的守约程度；以及第三，在伊德利卜及其周边的境内流离失所者和其他平民目前的困境。正如我们最近从副秘书长洛科克那里听到的那样，该国西北部地区的局势特别堪忧。考虑到伊德利卜省最近发生的事件，我们再次 | Now, at the end of 2018, we are at a critical juncture. We strongly believe that the Idlib ceasefire agreement introduced some positive dynamics. However, questions persist as to, first, the sustainability of the arrangement in future, secondly, the degree of compliance by the parties to the conflict in Syria, as well as, thirdly, the ongoing difficult situation of internally displaced persons and other civilians present in Idlib and its surroundings. As we heard recently from Under-Secretary-General Lowcock, the situation is especially worrying in the north-western part of the country. |
忧。考虑到伊德利卜省最近发生的事件，我们再次强调必须防止军事敌对行动及随之而来的灾难性人道主义后果。 | Taking into consideration the recent events in Idlib province, we emphasize once again the need to prevent military hostilities and their attendant disastrous humanitarian consequences. |
我们还担忧叙利亚东北部的局势，该局势仍然紧张，包括土耳其与美国盟军叙利亚民主力量的人民保卫部队之间的局势。因此，我们期待所有各方不要采取任何可能破坏打击“达伊沙”全球联盟的努力，或者带来叙利亚进一步不稳定风险的单方面行动。 | We are also concerned by the situation in north-eastern Syria, which continues to be tense, including between Turkey and the People’s Protection Units, part of the United States-allied Syrian Democratic Forces. We therefore expect all parties to refrain from any unilateral actions likely to undermine the efforts of the Global Coalition against Daesh or risk further instability in Syria. |
由于叙利亚目前的局势，跨境运送人道主义援助继续为叙利亚数十万人民提供不可或缺的生命线。所以波兰欢迎最近重新授权跨境人道主义准入。 | Owing to the current situation in Syria, cross-border deliveries of humanitarian aid continue to provide an indispensable lifeline for hundreds of thousands of people across Syria. That is why Poland welcomed the recently renewed authorization for cross-border humanitarian access. |
必须强调的是，政治进程仍未落到实处。这包括建立一个宪法委员会，它是在联合国监督下朝着真正政治进程的第一步。让我强调本会议桌周围许多人已经提到的一个事实，即没有任何能为叙利亚人带来可持续和平的军事解决冲突方案。我们的目标应该是达成叙利亚内部的框架政治协议，在这里我们完全赞同斯塔凡的声明，即可持续和平需要一个真正的政治进程。这也适用于解决冲突的根源，因为我们正在谈论叙利亚人民的可持续和平。 | It must be emphasized that the political process has continued to fail to gain traction. This includes the establishment of a constitutional committee, the first step towards a genuine political process under United Nations supervision. Let me underline something that has already been mentioned by many around this table: the fact there is no military solution to the conflict that could bring sustainable peace to the Syrians. We should aim at reaching an intra-Syrian framework political agreement, and here we could not agree more with Staffan’s statement that sustainable peace requires a real political process. This applies also to addressing the root causes of the conflict, because we are talking about sustainable peace for the Syrian people. |
停止敌对行动可能使和平谈判有机会在日内瓦由联合国主持下成功取得势头，从而最终实现政治解决。我们还呼吁阿斯塔纳担保国作为优先事项履行其承诺并保护平民。 | A cessation of hostilities may give a chance for the peace talks to succeed under the auspices of the United Nations in Geneva to gain momentum, so that a political solution might finally be reached. We also call on the Astana guarantors to follow through on their commitment and protect civilians as a matter of priority. |
我还要强调，必须根据第2254（2015）号决议和日内瓦公报（S/2012/522，附件）来推动任何政治解决办法。联合国，特别是其叙利亚问题特使，在这一进程中发挥特殊作用。这就是为什么我们表示完全支持特使为尽快建立宪法委员会所作的一切努力，并祝贺他已取得的进展。我们要求所有有关行为体，特别是阿斯塔纳担保国，为这一过程提供支持。 | Let me also underline the fact that any political solution must be brokered in accordance with resolution 2254 (2015) and the Geneva communiqué (S/2012/522, annex). The United Nations, and particularly its Special Envoy for Syria, has a special role in this process. That is why we express our full support for all efforts made by the Envoy to establish a constitutional committee as The situation in the Middle East 20/12/2018 soon as possible and wish tocongratulate him on the progress already achieved. We ask all actors involved, in particular the Astana guarantors, to provide support for this process. |
应该作为优先事项立即建立宪法委员会，继而迅速采取进一步措施，以促成谈判达成的政治过渡进程。这需要冲突各方充分和建设性地参与。叙利亚当局必须发挥特殊作用，应该以诚意，在没有任何先决条件的情况下参加谈判。 | The constitutional committee should be established now, as a priority, and further steps should swiftly follow to enable a negotiated political transition process. This requires the full and constructive engagement of all the parties to the conflict. A special role has to be played by the Syrian authorities, which should participate in the negotiations in good faith and without any preconditions. |
最后，让我再次感谢斯塔凡不仅为联合国，而且也为叙利亚人民和整个人类的服务，并让我向他的继任者彼得森先生保证，我们将全力继续支持他的工作。 | In conclusion, let me once again thank Staffan for his service, not only to the United Nations but also to the Syrian people and to humankind as a whole, and let me assure his successor, Mr. Pedersen, of our full and continued support for his work. |
埃索诺·姆本戈诺先生（赤道几内亚）（以西班牙语发言）：有秘书长特使斯塔凡·德米斯图拉再次与会是一种荣幸。他刚才的通报表明，在经过四年对叙利亚和平谈判的坚定承诺后，他为成立宪法委员会不遗余力。我向他转达，赤道几内亚共和国政府感激他四年来为追求和平解决一场非常复杂的冲突而开展重要而紧张的工作。我国代表团谨强调必须确保在他的任务授权结束，移交给他的继任者彼得森先生时，这项重要任务不会中断。 | Mr. Esono Mbengono (Equatorial Guinea) (spoke in Spanish): It is a pleasure to have with us once again the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General, Staffan de Mistura. The briefing he has just delivered makes clear that he has spared no effort to achieve the formation of the constitutional committee after four years of strong commitment to the peace negotiations in Syria. I convey to him the gratitude of the Government of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea for his four years of important and intensive work in the quest for a peaceful solution to a very complicated conflict. My delegation would underline the importance of ensuring that at the conclusion of his mandate, there will be no interruption in this important task as it is handed over to his successor, Mr. Pedersen. |
随着年底临近，对召开宪法委员会第一次会议的期待空高于以往任何时候。虽然在关于叙利亚问题的第十一次国际会议上，就组成委员会达成广泛共识方面不可能取得重大进展，但赤道几内亚共和国注意到，在12月18日举行的会议上，阿斯塔纳担保国同意为2019年初在日内瓦举行委员会第一次会议做必要的努力。 | As the end of the year draws near, expectations about the convening of the first meeting of the constitutional committee are higher than ever. Although at the eleventh international meeting on Syria it was not possible to make significant progress towards a broad consensus on the formation of the committee, the Republic of Equatorial Guinea took note of the fact that at the meeting held on 18 December, the Astana guarantors agreed to make the efforts necessary for the first meeting of the committee to be held in Geneva in early 2019. |
虽然赤道几内亚共和国强调阿斯塔纳担保国在这一决定性和微妙进程的框架内作出的贡献，以期创造必要的条件，以防止叙利亚的暴力，解决人道主义问题，并帮助遣返叙利亚难民和在第2254（2015）号决议的基础上执行政治进程，但我们仍然认识到，目前的僵局并没有以任何方式使自2011年以来遭受冲突影响的数百万叙利亚人受益。 | Although the Republic of Equatorial Guinea stresses the contribution of the Astana guarantors in the framework of this decisive and delicate process, with a view to creating the conditions necessary to prevent violence in Syria, resolve humanitarian problems and contribute to the repatriation of Syrian refugees and the implementation of the political process on the basis of resolution 2254 (2015), we nonetheless recognize that the current stalemate is not benefiting in any way the millions of Syrians who have been suffering from the conflict since 2011. |
我国代表团意识到，这一进程变得如此敏感的主要原因是，未来委员会的每一派都希望推动其自身利益的问题。这样说并无不妥，因为公开的秘密是，每个政党都希望有自己的政府和自己的反对派，但他们希望民间社会的代表能够被所有人接受。因此很难就谁将成为叙利亚宪法委员会的某一派的一部分达成协议。 | My delegation is aware that the main reason why the process has become so sensitive is because the problem of each segment of the future committee wishing to promote its own interests. It is not inappropriate to say so, as it is an open secret that each party wants its own Government and its own opposition, and yet they want the representatives of civil society to be acceptable to all. It is therefore very difficult to reach an agreement as to who is going to be a part of that section of the Syrian constitutional committee. |
我们希望阿斯塔纳担保国商定并在12月18日会议上向特使提交的第三份民间社会代表名单不会减损按照在索契举行的叙利亚全国对话大会的决定和第2254（2015）号决议，建立一个平衡、包容和值得信赖的宪法委员会的共同目标。在这方面，我们呼吁特使继续与叙利亚政府和共同担保国协商，以便提出一份得到所有各方最大共识的清单。联合国 | We hope that the third list of representatives of civil society, agreed upon by the Astana guarantors and presented to the Special Envoy at the 18 December meeting, will not detract from the shared objective of establishing a constitutional committee that is balanced, inclusive and trustworthy, in accordance with the decisions of the Congress of the Syrian National Dialogue held in Sochi and resolution 2254 (2015). In that vein, we call on the Special Envoy to continue consultations with the Syrian Government and the co-guarantors in order to come up with a list that enjoys the greatest possible consensus of all parties. |
便提出一份得到所有各方最大共识的清单。联合国必须继续发挥调解人的作用，充分尊重叙利亚人民的主权、统一和独立。此外，我国政府认为，冲突的国家当事方主要盟友之间的合作是叙利亚成功发展的关键。很明显，时间的推移已经证明，这场冲突没有军事解决办法。 | The United Nations must continue to play the role of facilitator, with full respect for the sovereignty, unity and independence of the Syrian people. Furthermore, my country’s Government believes that cooperation among the main allies of the national parties to the conflict is key to the successful development of Syria. It is clear that this conflict has no military solution, as the passage of time has demonstrated. |
我国政府还要强调美国与俄罗斯联邦关于叙利亚问题的联系机制的重要性。我们确信，两国都有一套有效的工具，不仅可以就叙利亚局势交换意见，而且最重要的是，以同样的目标重振政治进程：采取果断步骤，按照第2254（2015）号决议的目标朝着政治解决冲突的方向迈进。哈萨克斯坦赞扬成功打击国际恐怖主义并摧毁伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯兰国以及叙利亚其它组织的潜在战斗力。随着在打击恐怖主义方面取得胜利，席卷叙利亚的危机得到和平解决的机会也在增加。我们大家一致认为，叙利亚当前的局势虽已稳定并有所缓和，但仍要求整个国际社会给予更多的关注和做出综合努力。最后，即使哈萨克斯坦不再担任安理会成员，我国也仍然致力于和平解决叙利亚危机，并希望日内瓦谈判进程将会成功地恢复叙利亚的和平与稳定。我们将继续通过阿斯塔纳进程竭尽全力作出贡献。我们深信，靠军事办法解决不了叙利亚冲突。我们赞同联合国的关切，必须不惜一切代价避免该地区的敌对行动全面升级。为此，我们准备与新任特使裴凯儒开展合作。斯科格先生（瑞典）（以英语发言）：首先，我要表示，瑞典十分赞赏斯塔凡·德米斯图拉特使为叙利亚人民所做的不懈努力。我要感谢德米斯图拉先生的不懈精神、创造力和干劲，也请允许我进一步感谢他在这些价值观缺失的情形中展现出的谦恭和尊严。当然，我们欢迎即将上任的裴凯儒特使，并且向他保证，瑞典将全力支持他。我们务必保持重点和势头，我认为，我们还要保持安理会支持他完成艰巨任务的团结精神。在将近8年的冲突之后，有人称国际社会辜负了叙利亚人民，我完全理解他们。国际社会现在有责任继续积极与叙利亚进行接触。唯有如此，才能确保消除导致这场悲剧的叙利亚民众的怨愤情绪，并确保叙利亚全体民众逐渐对未来抱有信心。自从我国在安全理事会的任期开始以来，我们不遗余力，力求在结束叙利亚冲突和确保人道主义需要得到满足方面取得进展。今天，我将着重谈谈立即实现军事冲突降级的重要性、在实现可持续政治解决方面取得进展的迫切需要以及持久和平的必要条件。首先，关于冲突降级的重要性，我们吁请冲突各方减少冲突，保持克制，充分遵守国际法规定的义务。我们欢迎阿斯塔纳担保方再次承诺维持伊德利卜的停火，并再次表明我们在这方面对担保方的期望。我们感到鼓舞的是，尽管最近出现令人担忧的暴力迹象，但停止敌对行动的协议继续有效。因此，我们深感关切的是，叙利亚政府军和盟友继续开展军事行动，特别是在伊德利卜，据报，那里有平民伤亡。我们也对土耳其关于可能在叙利亚东北部开展军事行动的声明感到关切。土耳其是这场危机中的一个至关重要行为体，也是欧洲联盟的主要伙伴。如欧洲联盟高级代表莫盖里尼所言，我们期待土耳其不要采取任何可能导致叙利亚进一步不稳定的单方面行动。要在实现政治解决方面取得进展，就必须在当地营造一种安全、平静和中立的环境。其次，只有根据第2254（2015）号决议，通过联合国主导的政治进程，才能达成国际社会可以接受的可持续政治办法，解决叙利亚冲突。妇女充分和有效地参与这一进程至关重要，我要感谢斯塔凡·德米斯图拉先生竭尽全力落实该议程。我们赞赏通报宪法委员会的最新情况。令人深为失望的是，在索契会议召开一年之后，该委员会仍未成立。如斯塔凡·德米斯图拉先生所言，为了确保建立一个可信、平衡和包容各方的委员会，仍需作出努力。我们完全相信联合国作出的判断：必须确保该委员会的组成及其议事规则符合具备国际合法性所需达到的要求。所剩时间已经不多。现在必须竭尽全力，组建符合联合国标准的委员会。然后，必须在联合国的主持下迅速在日内瓦召集该委员会。然而，没能设立该委员会的责任完全在于叙利亚政府，因为它迄今没有开展建设性的接触，并缺乏妥协的意愿。我们敦促叙利亚政府以及与大马士革关系密切的国家确保开展充分合作。宪法改革是迈向选举的基石，选举必须做到自由、公平，而且所有叙利亚人都有资格参加。在这方面，斯塔凡·德米斯图拉今天提到和重申的12项原则对于推动整个进程的努力至关重要。第三，关于为可持续和平创造条件，这场冲突已导致远远超出叙利亚边界的灾难。600万人在该国境内流离失所，500万人逃往邻国。据联合国难民事务高级专员公署称，尚不具备难民安全、自愿和有尊严地回返的条件。我们要明确一点。难民和境内流离失所者没有返回的主要原因并非缺少学校、医院和道路，而主要是因为他们担心自身的安全。他们惧怕遭到报复、迫害和拘留。他们现在还将面临损害其住宅、土地和财产权的歧视性立法。他们都知道遭到逮捕、监禁和拷打的家人和朋友。叙利亚当局非法将这些人关押在狱中毫无道理可言。当局应该释放这些被拘留者，并查明所有失踪叙利亚人的下落。因此，至关重要的是，为了给难民回返创造条件，叙利亚当局必须拿出政治解决办法，并遵守国际法，包括国际难民法和国际人权法。我们认识到，终将需要重建叙利亚，这是建设可持续和平的一部分。瑞典同欧洲联盟其它成员国一样，只有根据第2254（2015）号决议和2012年《日内瓦公报》（S/2012/522，附件）稳妥进行全面、真正和包容性的政治过渡，才准备提供援助——因为我们认为，这一过渡进程是实现可持续和平所必需的。最后，为了实现可持续和平，务必有责必究。叙利亚冲突的特点是公然无视国际法，视人命如草芥。特使最近表示，他在联合国工作的漫长生涯 | My Government also wishes to stress the importance of the contact mechanism of the United States with the Russian Federation on Syria. We are certain that both countries have an effective set of tools not only to exchange views about the situation in Syria, but also, and most important, to revitalize the political process with the same aim: to take decisive steps forward towards a political solution to the conflict, in accordance with the objectives of resolution 2254 (2015). |
芥。特使最近表示，他在联合国工作的漫长生涯中，从未见过有哪场冲突采用过在叙利亚肆意采用的残暴方式。维护基于规则的国际秩序，对于努力结束冲突和防止发生新的冲突至关重要。唯有法办在叙利亚实施骇人罪行的罪犯，才能实现可持续和平。国际社会绝不容许有罪不罚现象。我们促请为确保保全利于今后刑事诉讼的证据而设立的机制增拨经费，并加大对它的支持。我们认为，安理会应该将叙利亚局势提交给国际刑事法院。我们唯有通过联合国主导、得到所有叙利亚人信任和国际社会支持的进程，才能在叙利亚实现政治解决——以消除叙利亚民众心中的怨愤情绪，保障其权利，实现其诉求，并为其创造和平与稳定的条件。因此，安全理事会必须竭诚支持联合国主导的政治进程，继续积极介入其中。最后，赤道几内亚希望，宪法委员会的组成不会再出现拖延，谈判的僵局不会导致阿斯塔纳进程的失败。我们鼓励即将上任的特使继续探讨一切机会，克服妨碍组建该委员会的障碍，以便像我们在安全理事会一再指出的那样，于明年初举行第一次会议。 | Finally, Equatorial Guinea hopes that there will be no further delays in the formation of the constitutional committee and that the stalemate in the The situation in the Middle East S/PV.8434 negotiations will not lead to the failure of the Astana process. We encourage the incoming Special Envoy to continue exploring all opportunities to overcome the roadblocks to the formation of the committee so that the first meeting can be held early next year, as we have repeatedly stated in the Security Council. |
梅萨-夸德拉先生（秘鲁）（以西班牙语发言）：我们欢迎召开本次会议，并感谢德米斯图拉先生所作的重要通报。我们愿再次强调其复杂工作的特点是责任感和敬业精神，正是这种责任感和敬业精神使之有可能取得进展，为结束破坏性的叙利亚冲突奠定基础。我们感谢他的不懈努力及其对和平与正义的真正承诺。 | Mr. Meza-Cuadra (Peru) (spoke in Spanish): We welcome the convening of this meeting and thank Mr. De Mistura for his important briefing. We wish to highlight once again the sense of responsibility and professionalism that has characterized his complex work and made possible progress in laying the groundwork for ending the devastating Syrian conflict. We thank him for his tireless efforts and his genuine commitment to peace and justice. |
我们特别期待与组建宪法委员会有关的最新事态发展，我们在很大程度上将这一事态发展归功于德米斯图拉先生的毅力和外交技巧以及阿斯塔纳进程国家所表现出来的承诺。这些事态发展为新任特使彼得森先生提供了一条道路，让他能够与有关的主要政府行为体一道前进，以保证在今后几周内组建一个叙利亚人民和国际社会都可确认为可信、平衡与合法的委员会。 | We particularly look forward to the latest developments in connection with the formation of the constitutional committee, which we attribute largely to Mr. De Mistura’s perseverance and diplomatic skill as well as to the commitment shown by the Astana platform countries. Those developments provide the new Special Envoy, Mr. Pedersen, with a path on which to advance, together with the main governmental actors involved, in order to guarantee the establishment, in the coming weeks, of a committee that the Syrian population and the international community can recognize as credible, balanced and legitimate. |
我们认为，为了实现这一复杂的目标，至关重要的是，委员会要有代表性，包括叙利亚社会的所有阶层，特别是叙利亚妇女，并为其运作和决策配备透明和民主的机制。我们希望这些条件将得到满足，也希望在第2254（2015）号决议和《日内瓦公报》（S/2012/522，附件）所规定更广泛政治解决进程的框架内，在充分尊重阿拉伯叙利亚共和国统一和领土完整的情况下，委员会的工作将促成一部新宪法，带来在联合国监督下的自由选举。 | We believe that in order to achieve that complex objective, it is of the utmost importance for the committee to be representative and include all sectors of Syrian society, in particular Syrian women, and to be equipped with transparent and democratic mechanisms for its functioning and decision-making. We hope that those conditions will be met and that the work of the committee will result in a new constitution leading to free elections, supervised by the United Nations, within the framework of the broader political settlement process as set out in resolution 2254 (2015) and the Geneva communiqué (S/2012/522, annex), and with full respect for the unity and territorial integrity of the Syrian Arab Republic. |
我们还认为，这些努力必须得到建立信任措施与民族和解的支持。特别是，我们鼓励并期待在查明失踪人员、交出遗骸以及释放被拘留者和失踪人员方面取得进一步和更具实质性的进展。我们还要再次指出，必须确保伸张正义并对旷日持久冲突中犯下的残暴罪行追究责任。 | We also consider it essential that those efforts be supported by confidence-building measures and national reconciliation. In particular, we encourage and expect further and more substantive progress in the identification of missing persons, the surrender of remains, and the release of detainees and missing persons. We must also recall the need to ensure access to justice and accountability for atrocity crimes committed during the protracted conflict. |
最后，我要强调，安全理事会必须继续关注实地事态发展，以确保维持俄罗斯联邦和土耳其9月在伊德利卜建立的停火。在叙利亚实现可持续和平的任何努力，例如宪法委员会的成功，在很大程度上将取决于防止伊德利卜成为新的人道主义悲剧的场所。 | I wish to conclude by stressing the importance of the Security Council remaining attentive to developments on the ground, with a view to ensuring that the ceasefire in Idlib, established in September by the Russian Federation and Turkey, is maintained. The success of any effort to achieve sustainable peace in Syria, such as the constitutional committee, will depend to a large extent on preventing Idlib from becoming the scene of a new humanitarian tragedy. |
皮尔斯女士（联合王国）（以英语发言）：我同其他人一样，向我们的好朋友和同事斯塔凡致敬。当我们得知他要离职的时候，真是伤心的一天。他为联合国提供了最大的服务。我本人曾在阿富汗和其它问题上与他合作，他在阿富汗、伊拉克和黎巴嫩的工作记录足以说明问题。他比任何人都更努力地解决叙利亚这场真正可怕的冲突。 | Ms. Pierce (United Kingdom): Like others, I pay tribute to our good friend and colleague Staffan. It was a sad day when we learned that he would step down. He has given the most enormous service to the United Nations. I personally have worked with him on Afghanistan and other issues, and his track record in that country, in Iraq and in Lebanon speaks for itself. He has tried harder than anyone to bring a resolution to this truly terrible conflict in Syria. |
正如他本人所说，他在这个问题上的工作时间超过了第一次世界大战持续的时间，超过了他的前任卜拉希米先生和科菲·安南先生的任期。我认为，正如对他的赞扬所表明的那样，联合国里无人不深深地感受到他给联合国特使所有任务中的这一最艰巨任务所带来的承诺、精力、决心和热情。 | As he himself said, he has worked on it longer than the First World War lasted, exceeding the tenure of his predecessors, Mr. Brahimi and Kofi Annan. I think as the tribute to him showed, there is not a person in the United Nations who does not feel very deeply the amount of commitment, energy, resolve and passion that he has brought to this most difficult of all United Nations Envoy tasks. |
我们还想通过他向为其提供支持的出色团队致敬，其中包括他幕后的成员和我们通过视频看到的一些成员，我本人在先前的职位上也认识其中一些人。我也要欢迎裴凯儒，但我将此留到下一次，等到凯儒接手时再向他致意。然而，我希望他知道，我们对他非常感激，我们认识到我们对他的亏欠。 | We would like, through him, to also salute his wonderful team, who have supported him — both the members sitting behind him and some of those whom we have seen via videoconference, and whom I also personally know from previous incarnations. I would like to welcome Geir Pedersen, but I will save that for another time, when Geir has taken over. But I hope he knows that we are very indebted to him and that we recognize how much we owe him. |
我认为，正如其他发言者所说，令人深感遗憾的是，宪法委员会没有取得更多进展。对于一个为推进索契政治进程而提出的主张，没有取得更大的进展，这是令人费解的，因为在这方面本应能够取得进展。距离普京总统自己设定的最后期限只剩下几天的时间。然而，即使只剩下几天的时间，如果能够取得进展，那么我们绝对要敦促叙利亚当局及其支持者抓住这个机会。但是，在言行均已尽责时，联合国只能加入一个平衡的进程。这是联合国协助各国政府和国际社会的基本原则。我们将全力支持秘书长和副秘书长坚持这一核心原则。我认为，正是法国 | I think that, as other speakers have said, it is deeply regrettable that there has not been more progress on the constitutional committee. It is unfathomable that — for an idea that was set up to advance the political process at Sochi — there has not been more progress, because it ought to have been possible to have made progress in that area. There are just a handful of days left within which to meet President Putin’s self-imposed deadline. But even with just a few days to go, if progress can be made, then we absolutely urge the Syrian authorities The situation in the Middle East 20/12/2018 and their supporters to takethat opportunity. But when all is said and done, the United Nations can only join a process that is balanced. That is the fundamental tenet on the basis of which the United Nations assists Governments and the international community. We will support the Secretary-General and the Under-Secretary-General to the hilt in upholding that very central tenet. |
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