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17. 在 2018 年 12 月 11 日第 8 次全体会议上，会议审议了全权证书委员会的报告(A/CONF.231/___)。 | 17. At its 8th plenary meeting, on 11 December 2018, the Conference considered the report of the Credentials Committee (A/CONF.231/___). |
18. [待填] | 18. [To be completed] |
六. 会议成果 | VI. Outcome of the Conference |
19. 在 2018 年 12 月 10 日第 1 次全体会议上，会议面前有会议主席提交的关于会议成果文件“安全、有序和正常移民全球契约”的决议草案(A/CONF.231/L.1)。会议面前有 A/CONF.231/3 号文件所载《安全、有序和正常移民全球契约》。 | 19. At its 1st plenary meeting, on 10 December 2018, the Conference had before it a draft resolution on the outcome document of the Conference, “Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration”, submitted by the President of the Conference (A/CONF.231/L.1). The Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration was before the Conference in document A/CONF.231/3. |
20. [待填] | 20. [To be completed] |
七. 通过会议报告 | VII. Adoption of the report of the Conference |
21. 在 2018 年 12 月 11 日第 8 次全体会议上，总报告员介绍了会议报告草稿(A/CONF.231/L.3)。 | 21. At the 8th plenary meeting, on 11 December 2018, the Rapporteur-General introduced the draft report of the Conference (A/CONF.231/L.3). |
22. [待填] | 22. [To be completed] |
八. 会议闭幕 | VIII. Closure of the Conference |
23. [待填] | 23. [To be completed] |
附件 | Annex |
文件一览表 | List of documents |
不扩散核武器条约缔约国 | to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation |
2020 年审议大会 17 May 2022 | 17 May 2022 |
2020 年审议大会 17 May 2022ChineseOriginal: English(C) 230522 070622 | 22-07410 (E) 200522 |
(C) 230522 070622*2207410* | *2207410* |
2022 年 8 月 1 日至 26 日 | New York, 1–26 August 2022 |
从支柱到进展：《不扩散核武器条约》中的性别平等主流化 | From pillars to progress: gender mainstreaming in the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons |
澳大利亚、加拿大、哥伦比亚、爱尔兰、墨西哥、纳米比亚、巴拿马、菲律宾、西班牙、瑞典和联合国裁军研究所提交的工作文件 | Working paper submitted by Australia, Canada, Colombia, Ireland, Mexico, Namibia, Panama, the Philippines, Spain, Sweden and the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research |
摘要 | Summary |
本文件评估了《不扩散核武器条约》当前审议周期筹备委员会第一、第二和第三届会议讨论核政策中性别因素的情况，并建议不扩散核武器条约缔约国审议大会巩固和借鉴这些讨论。具体而言，本文件鼓励所有缔约国通过考虑促进妇女在《条约》中的参与和领导地位的实际方法，以及通过在核决策中进行性别分析，承认性别视角在《条约》中的相关性。 | The present paper takes stock of the discussions addressing gender considerations in nuclear policy that were held at the first, second and third Preparatory Committee sessions of the current review cycle of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. It suggests that the Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons should consolidate and build on those discussions. Specifically, it encourages all States parties to acknowledge the relevance of gender perspectives in the Treaty by considering practical ways to promote women’s participation and leadership in the Treaty, as well as by implementing a gender analysis in nuclear policymaking. |
为什么性别问题在《不扩散条约》审议过程中至关重要 | Why gender matters in the Non-Proliferation Treaty review process |
1. 来自不同区域的几个国家在当前条约审议周期筹备委员会第一、第二和第三届会议上提出了性别与《条约》的问题。所有会议都举行了会外活动，并提交了创纪录的五份工作文件，述及《条约》制度背景下的性别问题。1 2019 年，代表 | 1. Several countries from diverse regions raised the issue of gender and the Treaty at the first, second and third Preparatory Committee sessions of the current Treaty review cycle. Side events were held in all sessions and a record number of five working papers addressing the topic of gender in the context of the Treaty regime were submitted.1 |
创纪录的五份工作文件，述及《条约》制度背景下的性别问题。1 2019 年，代表60 多个缔约国发表了 20 多份声明，阐述了性别视角与《条约》的相关性。 | In 2019, over 20 statements delivered on behalf of more than 60 States parties addressed the relevance of gender perspectives to the Treaty. |
2. 2017 年、2018 年和 2019 年，主席的总结和工作文件强调了促进妇女和男子在核领域平等、充分和有效参与并发挥领导作用的重要性，以及承认电离辐射对妇女和女童有着过度影响的必要性。 | 2. In 2017, 2018 and 2019, the Chair’s summaries and working papers underlined the importance of promoting the equal, full and effective participation and leadership of both women and men in the nuclear field, as well as the need to recognize the disproportionate impact of ionizing radiation on women and girls. |
3. 这些事态发展表明，人们已日益认识到性别因素在军备控制、不扩散和裁军努力中的重要性。在这些考虑因素中，性别角色决定一个人如何经历冲突，影响武装冲突后获得医疗护理的机会，并在武器对个人的长期生物和生理影响中发挥作用。性别也影响参与军备控制、不扩散和裁军谈判的机会。 | 3. These developments demonstrate the growing recognition of the importance of gender considerations in arms control, non-proliferation and disarmament efforts. Among such considerations, gender roles shape how a person experiences conflict, affect access to medical attention in the aftermath of armed conflict and play a role in the long-lasting biological and physiological impacts of weapons on individuals. Gender also affects the opportunities to participate in arms control, non-proliferation and disarmament negotiations. |
4. 研究表明，妇女在条约审议进程中的代表性一贯不足，平均只占委任外交官的三分之一。2 此外，考虑到男女的总体比例，男性在代表团团长中所占比例高于预期。例如，在 2019 年筹备委员会会议上，约 76%的代表团团长为男性，24%为女性，而与会者中男性占 71%，女性占 29%。 | 4. Research shows that women are systematically underrepresented in the Treaty review process, comprising, on average, only one third of accredited diplomats. 2 Furthermore, men are overrepresented as heads of delegations to a greater degree than would be expected, given the overall proportion of men and women. For instance, at the 2019 Preparatory Committee, approximately 76 per cent of heads of delegations were men and 24 per cent women, while attendees overall comprised 71 per cent men and 29 per cent women. |
5. 改善条约审议进程参与者之间的性别平等是非常可取的，因为这有可能提高条约进程及其成果的效力。多元化的团队更具创新性，能做出更可持续的决策，在解决僵局方面也更有效。这也是一个公平和平等的问题。妇女和男子都有权切实参与谈判，打造影响他们生活的决策。 | 5. Improving gender equality among participants in the Treaty review process is highly desirable, as it has the potential to enhance the effectiveness of Treaty processes and their outcomes. Diverse teams are more innovative, take more sustainable decisions and are more effective in resolving impasses. It is also a question of fairness and equality. Women and men have the right to participate meaningfully in negotiations and shape the decisions that affect their lives. |
6. 联合国大会认识到有必要便利妇女参与我们的领域，敦促联合国会员国、联合国和其他方面“促进妇女在与裁军、不扩散和军备控制有关的所有决策进程中的平等代表机会”。3 | 6. The United Nations General Assembly has recognized the need to facilitate women’s participation in our field, urging the States Members of the United Nations, the United Nations and others to “promote equal opportunities for the representation of women in all decision-making processes with regard to matters related to disarmament, non-proliferation and arms control”.3 |
7. 除了参与问题，《条约》中还有其他与性别角色相关的领域。在《条约》的三大支柱中，性别可以影响的方面包括：核风险暴露；使用核武器造成的电离辐射的影响；受益于和平利用核能的能力；以及获得核科学和工程方面的教育和培训。 | 7. Beyond issues of participation, there are other areas of the Treaty in whi ch gender roles are relevant. Across the three pillars of the Treaty, gender can affect exposure to nuclear risk; the impact of ionizing radiation resulting from nuclear weapons use; the ability to benefit from the peaceful uses of nuclear energy; and access to education and training in nuclear science and engineering. |
8. 这突显了将性别分析作为一种工具的重要性，可用于以促进性别平等的方式设计和执行政策，确保妇女和男子都从政策制定中受益，并平等参与决策的制定、执行和审查。 | 8. This highlights the importance of gender analysis as a tool that can be used to design and implement policies in a gender-responsive way, making sure that both women and men benefit from policy development and are equitably involved in the development, implementation and review of policymaking. |
9. 提交给筹备委员会第三届会议的一份工作文件提出了在核裁军和不扩散以及和平利用核能相关决策中进行性别分析的样本框架。4 其中列出了在政策制定、执行和审查中需要考虑的一系列问题，以确保不会加剧性别不平等，并促进性别关系中的平等和公正，例如：(a) 是否分配了足够的时间、资源和专门知识来讨论拟议政策中的性别考虑因素？(b) 是否有收集、跟踪和公布按生理性别、社会性别和年龄分列的相关数据的系统？(c) 妇女是否有平等机会接受教育和/或技术和军事培训？(d) 妇女和男子是否平等地受益于该政策提供的服务和技术？(e) 该政策是否确定了挑战性别陈规定型观念和通过平等行动增进积极性别关系的机会？ | 9. A sample framework for conducting gender analysis in policymaking related to nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation and the peaceful uses of nuclear energy was presented in a working paper submitted to the third Preparatory Committee session.4 It included a series of questions to be considered in policy development, implementation and review to ensure that gender inequalities are not exacerbat ed and that equality and justice in gender relations are promoted, for example: (a) Have sufficient time, resources and expertise been allocated to address gender consideration in the proposed policy? (b) Are systems in place to collect, track and publish relevant data disaggregated by sex, gender and age? (c) Do women have equal access to education and/or technical and military training? (d) Did women and men benefit equitably from the services and technologies provided by the policy? (e) Has the policy identified opportunities to challenge gender stereotypes and increase positive gender relations through equitable actions? |
10. 改善条约进程中的性别多样性并鼓励缔约国将性别分析纳入核决策，将加强条约进程。《不扩散条约》审议周期中的性别问题：不扩散核武器条约缔约国第十次审议大会能取得什么成果？ | 10. Improving gender diversity in Treaty processes and encouraging States parties to integrate gender analysis into nuclear policymaking will strengthen the Treaty process. Gender in the Non-Proliferation Treaty review cycle: what can be achieved in the Tenth Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons? |
11. 在不扩散核武器条约缔约国第十次审议大会上，条约缔约国应确保妇女充分和平等地参与所有与条约审议进程有关的决策过程，包括非正式讨论和更为正式的场合。 | 11. At the Tenth Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, States parties to the Treaty should ensure the full and equal participation of women in all decision-making processes related to the Treaty review process, including in informal discussions and also in more formal settings. |
12. 此外，会议主席应组织简报会，征求关于如何改善性别平等、包括男女平等和有效参与的想法，并解释其重要性；还应将这些问题纳入外联和交流文件。 | 12. Additionally, Chairs of meetings should organize briefings to solicit ideas on how to improve gender equality, including the equal and effective participation of women and men, and explain why it matters; and should include these issues in outreach and communication documents. |
人权理事会第三十八届会议 | Thirty-eighth session |
2018 年 6 月 18 日至 7 月 6 日 | 18 June–6 July 2018 |
议程项目 4 | Agendaitem 4 |
需要理事会注意的人权状况阿尔巴尼亚*、安道尔*、澳大利亚、奥地利*、比利时、保加利亚*、加拿大*、克罗地亚、捷克*、丹麦*、爱沙尼亚*、芬兰*、法国*、格鲁吉亚、德国、冰岛*、爱尔兰*、意大利*、日本、约旦*、科威特*、拉脱维亚*、列支敦士登*、立陶宛*、卢森堡*、马尔代夫*、马耳他*、黑山*、摩洛哥*、荷兰*、新西兰*、波兰*、葡萄牙*、卡塔尔、罗马尼亚*、沙特阿拉伯*、斯洛文尼亚、西班牙、瑞典*、前南斯拉夫的马其顿共和国*、土耳其*、乌克兰、大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国：决议草案38/… 阿拉伯叙利亚共和国的人权状况人权理事会，遵循《联合国宪章》，重申人权理事会以往所有关于阿拉伯叙利亚共和国的决议，又重申对充分尊重阿拉伯叙利亚共和国的主权、独立、统一和领土完整的坚定承诺，责成叙利亚当局履行其保护叙利亚民众的责任，谴责阿拉伯叙利亚共和国全国各地人权状况严重恶化，又谴责违反国际人道主义法不加区分地或蓄意攻击平民的行为；回顾冲突各方有义务采取一切可行的预防措施，以避免并在任何情况下尽量减少对平民以及学校等民用目标和医疗设施的伤害，并禁止攻击、拆卸、毁坏平民生存所必不可少的物体或使其报废，其中包括饮用水设施、物资和食品，深为关切妇女、儿童和境内流离失所者的状况，他们仍然是最易受到暴力侵害的人群，* 非人权理事会成员国。联 合 国 A/HRC/38/L.20大 会 Distr.: Limited2 July 2018ChineseOriginal: English重申持久解决阿拉伯叙利亚共和国当前冲突的唯一办法是，根据 2012 年 6月 30 日日内瓦公报以及安全理事会 2013 年 9 月 27 日第 2118(2013)号决议和2015 年 12 月 18 日第 2254(2015)号决议，在联合国主持下开展由叙利亚人主导和叙利亚人享有自主权的包容各方的政治进程，并让妇女有平等的发言权并充分切实地参与一切活动和决策工作，以期建立可信、包容和非宗派的治理机构，支 | Human rights situations that require the Council’s attention Albania,* Andorra,* Australia, Austria,* Belgium, Bulgaria,* Canada,* Croatia, Czechia,* Denmark,* Estonia,* Finland,* France,* Georgia, Germany, Iceland,* Ireland,* Italy,* Japan, Jordan,* Kuwait,* Latvia,* Liechtenstein,* Lithuania,* Luxembourg,* Maldives,* Malta,* Montenegro,* Morocco,* Netherlands,* New Zealand,* Poland,* Portugal,* Qatar, Romania,* Saudi Arabia,* Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,* the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,* Turkey,* Ukraine, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: draft resolution 38/… The human rights situation in the Syrian Arab Republic The Human Rights Council, Guided by the Charter of the United Nations, Reaffirming all previous Human Rights Council resolutions on the Syrian Arab Republic, Reaffirming also its strong commitment to the full respect of the sovereignty, independence, unity and territorial integrity of the Syrian Arab Republic, Demanding that the Syrian authorities meet their responsibility to protect the Syrian population, Condemning the grave situation of human rights across the Syrian Arab Republic, Condemning also the indiscriminate or deliberate targeting of civilians in violation of international humanitarian law, and recalling the obligation by all parties to the conflict to take all feasible precautions to avoid, and in any event minimize, harm to civilians and civilian objects, such as schools, as well as medical facilities, and the prohibition on attacking, removing, destroying or rendering useless objects indispensable to the survival of the civilian population, including drinking water installations, supplies and food stuffs, Expressing deep concern at the situation of women, children and internally displaced persons, who remain among the most vulnerable to violence, Reiterating that the only sustainable solution to the current conflict in the Syrian Arab Republic is through an inclusive, Syrian-led and Syrian-owned political process under the auspices of the United Nations, including with the equal voice and full and meaningful participation of women in all efforts and decision-making, in accordance with the Geneva communiqué of 30 June 2012 and Security Council resolutions 2118 (2013) of 27 * State not a member of the Human Rights Council. United Nations A/HRC/38/L.20 General Assembly Distr.: Limited 2 July 2018 Original: English |
切实地参与一切活动和决策工作，以期建立可信、包容和非宗派的治理机构，支持秘书长特使为此目的所做的努力， | September 2013 and 2254 (2015) of 18 December 2015, with a view to establishingcredible, inclusive and non-sectarian governance, and supporting the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Syria is his efforts towards this end, |
欢迎安全理事会 2016 年 12 月 31 日第 2336(2016)号决议；强调必须尊重冲突降级区，以求实现暴力持续减少，从而争取全国全面停火，并强调人道主义援助通行必须是这种努力的一部分， | Welcoming Security Council resolution 2336 (2016) of 31 December 2016, and stressing the need to respect the de-escalation areas in order to achieve a sustained reduction in violence as a step towards a comprehensive nationwide ceasefire, and emphasizing that humanitarian access must be part of such efforts, |
回顾根据国际人道主义法以及安全理事会有关决议，包括 2014 年 7 月 14 日第 2165(2014)号决议和 2018 年 2 月 24 日第 2401(2018)号决议，叙利亚冲突各方应能使人道主义援助立即和不受阻碍地送达；强调任意拒绝提供人道主义通道，不让平民获得生存所必不可少的物品和援助，包括故意阻碍救济物资(如粮食援助和救生医疗用品)的运送，可构成违反国际人道主义法行为， | Recalling that, consistent with international humanitarian law and pursuant to relevant Security Council resolutions, including resolutions 2165 (2014) of 14 July 2014 and 2401 (2018) of 24 February 2018, all Syrian parties to the conflict are to enable the immediate and unhindered delivery of humanitarian assistance, and stressing that the arbitrary denial of humanitarian access, depriving civilians of objects and assistance indispensable to their survival, including wilfully impeding relief supplies, such as food aid and life-saving medical supplies, may constitute a violation of international humanitarian law, |
又回顾，蓄意攻击平民和民用目标，如学校和教育设施、文化遗产和礼拜场所，以及医疗设施、病人和医务人员等，可构成战争罪， | Recalling also that deliberate attacks on civilians and civilian objects, such as schools and educational facilities, cultural heritage and places of worship, as well as on medical facilities, patients and personnel, may amount to war crimes, |
还回顾秘书长和联合国人权事务高级专员称，阿拉伯叙利亚共和国境内很可能发生了危害人类罪和战争罪， | Recalling further the statements made by the Secretary-General and the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights that crimes against humanity and war crimes are likely to have been committed in the Syrian Arab Republic, |
重申使用化学武器严重违反国际法，并重申必须追究对使用化学武器行为负责的人的责任；感到遗憾的是，禁止化学武器组织―联合国联合调查机制的任务授权没有得到延长， | Reaffirming that the use of chemical weapons constitutes a serious violation of international law, reiterating that all those responsible for any use of chemical weapons must be held accountable, and regretting that the mandate of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons-United Nations Joint Investigative Mechanism has not been renewed, |
铭记非法转让、囤积和滥用小武器和轻武器不利于稳定，助长冲突，对人权的享受产生不利影响， | Bearing in mind that the illicit transfer, destabilizing accumulation and misuse of small arms and light weapons fuel conflict and affect negatively the enjoyment of human rights, |
极为关切阿拉伯叙利亚共和国问题独立国际调查委员会的调查结果，痛惜叙利亚当局不与调查委员会合作， | Expressing its deepest concern at the findings of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic, and deploring the lack of cooperation by the Syrian authorities with the Commission of Inquiry, |
感谢活跃在阿拉伯叙利亚共和国境内的人权维护者不断努力，冒着重大风险记录违反和践踏国际人权法及违反国际人道主义法的行为， | Acknowledging the ongoing efforts of human rights defenders active in the Syrian Arab Republic to document violations and abuses of international human rights law and violations of international humanitarian law, despite grave risks, |
1. 痛惜阿拉伯叙利亚共和国境内冲突已经进入第八个年头，对阿拉伯叙利亚平民人口造成了破坏性影响；敦促冲突各方避免采取任何可能促使人权、安全和人道主义局势进一步恶化的行动； | 1. Deplores the fact that the conflict in the Syrian Arab Republic continues in its eighth year with its devastating impact on the civilian population, and urges all parties to the conflict to abstain immediately from any actions that may contribute to the further deterioration of the human rights, security and humanitarian situations; |
2. 吁请冲突各方和各会员国，特别是叙利亚国际支持小组的成员重新努力创造条件，包括全国全面停火，支持在联合国日内瓦办事处主持下继续谈判，争取实现叙利亚冲突的政治解决，因为只有持久的政治解决办法才能结束系统、普遍和严重违反和践踏国际人权法和违反国际人道主义法的行为； | 2. Calls upon all parties to the conflict and Member States, especially members of the International Syria Support Group, to make renewed efforts to create conditions, including a comprehensive nationwide ceasefire, that support continued negotiations for a political solution to the Syrian conflict, under the auspices of the United Nations Office at Geneva, as only a durable political solution to the conflict can bring an end to the systematic, widespread and gross violations and abuses of international human rights law and violations of international humanitarian law; |
3. 欢迎人权理事会 2011 年 8 月 23 日 S-17/1 号决议所设阿拉伯叙利亚共和国问题独立国际调查委员会为支持今后的追责努力开展工作并发挥重要作用，调查 2011 年 3 月以来阿拉伯叙利亚共和国境内所有据称违反和践踏国际人权法的行为，以查证事实和背景情况，并支持确保对践踏和侵犯人权者，包括对可能犯下危害人类罪的罪犯进行追责的努力； | 3. Welcomes the work and the important role played by the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic, established by the Human Rights Council in its resolution S-17/1 of 23 August 2011, in supporting future accountability efforts by investigating all alleged violations and abuses of international human rights law since March 2011 in the Syrian Arab Republic, to establish the facts and circumstances and to support efforts to ensure that all perpetrators of abuses and violations, including those who may be responsible for crimes against humanity, are held accountable; |
4. 责成叙利亚当局与人权理事会和调查委员会充分合作，立即给予调查委员会在阿拉伯叙利亚共和国全国境内不受阻碍的全面通行自由； | 4. Demands that the Syrian authorities cooperate fully with the Human Rights Council and the Commission of Inquiry by granting the Commission immediate, full and unfettered access throughout the Syrian Arab Republic; |
5. 强烈谴责冲突各方一切违反和践踏国际人权法以及违反国际人道主义法的行为，包括叙利亚当局及附属民兵，包括外国恐怖主义战斗人员和为叙利亚当局作战的外国组织，尤其是真主党，继续系统、普遍、严重侵犯和践踏人权及违反国际人道主义法的行为；深表关切的是，这些人员和组织的介入进一步加剧了阿拉伯叙利亚共和国境内局势的恶化，包括人权和人道主义状况的恶化，对该地区造成了严重的不利影响； | 5. Strongly condemns all violations and abuses of international human rights law and all violations of international humanitarian law committed by all parties to the conflict, including the continued systematic, widespread and gross violations and abuses of human rights and all violations of international humanitarian law by the Syrian authorities and affiliated militias, including foreign terrorist fighters and those foreign organizations fighting on behalf of the Syrian authorities, in particular Hizbullah, and expresses deep concern that their involvement further exacerbates the deteriorating situation in the Syrian Arab Republic, including the human rights and humanitarian situation, which has a serious negative impact on the region; |
6. 又强烈谴责叙利亚当局继续使用受禁止的弹药，在有人口居住的地区不加区分地使用重型武器，使用集束弹药，进行空中轰炸，使用燃烧武器、弹道导弹和桶式炸弹，以断绝平民粮食和开展针对平民的包围行动作为作战手段；强调伊德利布等地区的局势尤其令人关切，那里的空袭仍在造成平民伤亡； | 6. Also strongly condemns the continued use by the Syrian authorities of banned munitions, the indiscriminate use of heavy weapons in populated areas, barrel bombs, aerial bombardment, incendiary weapons, ballistic missiles and cluster bombs, and the use of starvation and besiegement directed against civilian populations as a method of warfare, and stresses the particular situation of concern in this regard in Idlib and other areas where airstrikes continue to cause death and injury among civilians; |
7. 还强烈谴责对医疗和卫生人员、急救人员、其运输工具和设备以及医院和其他医疗设施的一切攻击；痛惜这类攻击对阿拉伯叙利亚共和国民众和医疗卫生体系产生了长期后果； | 7. Further strongly condemns all attacks on medical and health personnel, first responders, their means of transport and equipment, and hospitals and other medical facilities, and deplores the long-term consequences of such attacks for the population and health-care systems of the Syrian Arab Republic; |
8. 强烈谴责调查委员会所报告的对诸如学校等平民目标的攻击以及持续冲突对儿童权利和福祉，包括对他们上学、获得医疗、教育和人道主义援助的不利影响；谴责违反和践踏国际人权法及违反国际人道主义法的有关行为，尤其痛惜拒绝提供人道主义援助通道对他们的生活和福祉的影响； | 8. Strongly condemns the attacks against civilian objects, such as schools, as reported by the Commission of Inquiry, and the negative effects of the ongoing conflict on the rights and welfare of children, including their access to schools, medical care, education and humanitarian assistance, decries the violations and abuses of international human rights law and violations of international humanitarian law, as applicable, and deplores, in particular, the impact of the denial of humanitarian access on their lives and well-being; |
9. 敦促冲突各方遵守其根据国际人权法和国际人道主义法各自承担的义务；责成所有各方，特别是叙利亚当局及其盟友不对平民和学校等民用目标、医疗设施、医护人员、病人、运输工具以及参与人道主义援助的人员实施攻击； | 9. Urges all parties to the conflict to comply with their respective obligations under international human rights law and international humanitarian law, and demands that all parties, particularly the Syrian authorities and their allies, refrain from carrying out attacks against the civilian population and civilian objects, such as schools, as well as on medical units, personnel, patients and transport and personnel involved in humanitarian assistance; |
10. 深为关切调查委员会的调查结果，即 2011 年起义以来阿拉伯叙利亚共和国境内一直存在针对成年男女和男女儿童的性暴力和性别暴力，而妇女和女童因多种原因受害尤甚；1 | 10. Expresses its profound concern at the findings of the Commission of Inquiry that sexual and gender-based violence against women, girls, men and boys has been a persistent issue in the Syrian Arab Republic since the uprising in 2011, and that women and girls have been disproportionately affected and victimized on multiple grounds;1 |
11. 注意到调查委员会的调查结果，即这类性暴力行为多为叙利亚当局及附属民兵和所谓的“伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯兰国”(达伊沙)所为，是针对平民的普遍、系统攻击的一部分，构成危害人类罪，2012 年 2 月以后，这类行为包括强奸及其他形式的性暴力等战争罪，包括酷刑和损害个人尊严； | 11. Notes the Commission’s findings that such acts of sexual violence were committed most commonly by Syrian authorities and associated militia, as well as by the so-called Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (Daesh), that they form part of a widespread and systematic attack directed against a civilian population, amounting to crimes against humanity, and that after February 2012, these acts constitute the war crimes of rape and other forms of sexual violence, including torture and outrages upon personal dignity; |
12. 强烈谴责所有这类暴力行为；呼吁立即向这类罪行的幸存者提供医疗和社会心理支持，并要求尽一切努力为因这类罪行而遭受痛苦的人寻求正义；敦促冲突各方听从调查委员会的建议； | 12. Strongly condemns all acts of such violence, calls for immediate medical and psychosocial support to be provided to survivors of such crimes and for every effort to be made to ensure justice for those who have suffered as a result of such crimes, and urges all parties to the conflict to heed the recommendations made by the Commission; |
13. 注意到调查委员会最近出版的《阿拉伯叙利亚共和国境内的拘留问题：前进之路》，其中调查委员会重点指出，数以万计的人遭到任意拘留，尤其是遭到叙利亚当局及附属民兵的任意拘留，这是人权保护领域的一场大规模的紧急危机；1 见 A/HRC/37/72 和 A/HRC/37/CRP.3。 | 13. Takes note of the recent publication of the Commission of Inquiry, Detention in the Syrian Arab Republic: A Way Forward, in which the Commission highlighted the fact that the arbitrary detention of tens of thousands of individuals, particularly by the 1 See A/HRC/37/72 and A/HRC/37/CRP.3. Syrian authorities and affiliated militias, represents an urgent and large-scale crisis of human rights protection; |
14. 又注意到由土耳其、俄罗斯联邦、伊朗伊斯兰共和国和联合国组成的释放被拘留者/被绑架者、移交遗体和识别失踪人员工作组已开始运行；着重指出必须采取具体步骤争取解决这一问题；重申冲突各方必须遵守有关国际人道主义法和国际人权法义务； | 14. Notes the commencement of the functioning of the Working Group on the release of detainees/abductees, the handover of bodies and the identification of missing persons, composed of Turkey, the Russian Federation and the Islamic Republic of Iran, as well as the United Nations, underlines the need for concrete steps forward on this issue, and reiterates that all parties to the conflict must abide by their obligations under international humanitarian law and international human rights law, as applicable; |
15. 强烈谴责依然盛行的强迫失踪、任意拘留和使用性暴力、酷刑和虐待的普遍做法，特别是在叙利亚当局管理的拘留中心中采用的这类做法，包括调查委员会报告中提到的这类行为以及 2014 年 1 月“凯撒”报告中提出的证据所指行为；指出这类行为可能构成违反和践踏国际人权法或违反国际人道主义法的行 | 15. Strongly condemns the continued widespread practice of enforced disappearance, arbitrary detention and the use of sexual violence, torture and ill-treatment, especially in detention facilities run by the Syrian authorities, including those acts referenced in the reports of the Commission of Inquiry and those depicted in the evidence presented by “Caesar” in January 2014, and notes that such acts may constitute violations and abuses of international human rights law or violations of international humanitarian law; |
16. 确认酷刑和虐待(包括性虐待和性暴力)给其受害者及其家人造成永久性损害；谴责在所有监狱和拘留设施中拒绝提供医疗服务的做法； | 16. Recognizes the permanent damage that torture and ill-treatment, including sexual abuse and violence, causes to its victims and their families, and condemns the denial of medical services in all prisons and detention facilities; |
17. 强烈谴责据称发生在叙利亚军事情报机构，特别是梅泽赫机场拘留设施和 215、227、235、248 和 291 军事安全分局的被拘留者遇害事件，以及据称发生在迪什林医院和哈赖斯塔医院等军事医院的被拘留者遇害事件；表示深为关切的是，据称该国政府利用火葬场掩盖了在赛德纳亚监狱大规模屠杀囚犯的事 | 17. Strongly condemns the reported killing of detainees in Syrian Military Intelligence facilities, in particular in the Mezzeh airport detention facility, and Military Security Branches 215, 227, 235, 248 and 291, and the reported killing of detainees at military hospitals, including Tishreen and Harasta, and expresses deep concern at reports that the regime used a crematorium to conceal a mass killing of prisoners at the Saydnaya penitentiary complex; |
18. 吁请叙利亚当局和冲突其他各方确保切实执行安全理事会 2014 年 2 月22 日第 2139(2014)号决议和第 2254(2015)号决议，尤其是按照安理会第2139(2014)号决议和调查委员会的建议2 的要求，终止阿拉伯叙利亚共和国境内对平民的任意拘留和酷刑及性暴力，特别是在监狱和拘留设施中的此类行为，以及绑架、劫持人质和强迫失踪行为； | 18. Calls upon the Syrian authorities and all other parties to the conflict to ensure the effective implementation of Security Council resolutions 2139 (2014) of 22 February 2014 and 2254 (2015), and, in particular, to end the arbitrary detention and torture of civilians and sexual violence in the Syrian Arab Republic, notably in prisons and detention facilities, as well as kidnappings, abductions and forced disappearances, as demanded by the Council in its resolution 2139 (2014) and by the Commission of Inquiry in its recommendations; |
19. 敦促冲突各方听从调查委员会最近关于被拘留者问题的建议 2；特别要求立即允许有关国际监督机构不受任何不当限制，探访所有被拘留者和拘留设施，并要求各方，特别是叙利亚当局公布所有拘留设施的完整清单，允许所有被拘留者获得医疗服务，并向被拘留者家人提供有关被拘留者的信息； | 19. Urges all parties to take heed of the recent recommendations on the issue of detainees by the Commission of Inquiry, 2 and in particular calls for the appropriate international monitoring bodies to be granted immediate access without undue restriction to all detainees and detention facilities, and for all parties, in particular the Syrian authorities, to publish a list of all detention facilities, to allow access to medical services for all detainees, and to provide information on those they have detained to their families; |
20. 要求立即释放所有被任意拘留的人员，包括妇女、儿童、老年人、残疾人、人权维护者、人道主义援助人员、医疗人员、伤病员和记者；指出必须确保为被任意拘留者寻求正义； | 20. Demands the immediate release of all persons arbitrarily detained, including women, children, older persons, persons with disabilities, human rights defenders, humanitarian aid providers, medical personnel, the wounded and sick, and journalists, and notes the importance of ensuring justice for those arbitrarily detained; |
21. 谴责据称阿拉伯叙利亚共和国境内民众被迫流离失所的情况；对有关在阿拉伯叙利亚共和国全国各地采用社会和人口结构改造的报道深表关切；吁请有关各方立即停止造成上述现象的一切活动，包括任何可能构成战争罪和危害人类罪的活动； | 21. Condemns the reported forced displacement of populations in the Syrian Arab Republic, expresses deep concern at reports of social and demographic engineering in areas throughout the Syrian Arab Republic, and calls upon all parties concerned to cease immediately all activities that cause these actions, including any activities that may amount to war crimes or crimes against humanity; |
22. 深为关切阿拉伯叙利亚共和国全国各地 660 万境内流离失所者的处境；敦促各方确保平民的撤退和流动均符合有关国际人道主义法和国际人权法； | 22. Expresses deep concern at the situation of the 6.6 million internally displaced people across the Syrian Arab Republic, and urges all parties to ensure that any evacuation and movement of civilians is consistent with international humanitarian law and international human rights law, as applicable; |
23. 痛惜存在和适用的一些国家法律，特别是叙利亚第 10/2018 号法律，可能对因冲突而流离失所的叙利亚人的行动自由及其在当地情况允许时以安全、自愿和有尊严的方式返回家园的权利产生重大不利影响；要求废除这项法律； | 23. Deplores the existence and application of national legislation, in particular Syrian law No. 10/2018, which would have a significant detrimental impact on freedom of movement and the right of Syrians displaced by the conflict to return to their homes in a safe, voluntary and dignified manner when the situation on the ground allows it, and calls for its repeal; |
24. 敦促各方注意到调查委员会最近的建议，即通过保障所有返回原籍地的行动都是自愿进行并获得知情同意，确保返回权得到充分尊重并为返回提供便利，同时确保所有产权和租赁权得到保护；2 | 24. Urges all parties to take note of the recent recommendation of the Commission of Inquiry on ensuring that the right of return is fully respected and facilitated by guaranteeing that all return movements are voluntary and subject to informed consent to the places of origin and protect all property and tenancy rights;2 |
25. 强烈谴责以宗教归属或族裔划分为由暴力侵害任何个人的行为；责成所有各方采取一切适当步骤保护平民，包括族裔、宗教和教派社群成员；为此强调指出，叙利亚当局负有保护叙利亚民众的主要责任； | 25. Strongly condemns violence against all persons based on their religious or ethnic affiliation, demands that all parties take all appropriate steps to protect civilians, including members of ethnic, religious and confessional communities, and stresses that, in this regard, the primary responsibility to protect the Syrian population lies with the Syrian authorities; |
26. 又强烈谴责对阿拉伯叙利亚共和国文化遗产损害和破坏，特别是对巴尔米拉和阿勒颇的文化遗产的破坏，以及安全理事会 2015 年 2 月 12 日第2199(2015)号决议所述有组织地掠夺和贩运叙利亚文化财产的行为；申明蓄意攻击历史古迹可能构成战争罪，并着重指出必须将此类罪犯绳之以法； | 26. Also strongly condemns the damage and destruction of the cultural heritage of the Syrian Arab Republic, in particular the destruction of the cultural heritage in Palmyra and Aleppo, and the organized looting and trafficking of Syrian cultural property, as outlined by the Security Council in its resolution 2199 (2015) of 12 February 2015, affirms that attacks intentionally directed against historic monuments may amount to war crimes, and underlines the need to bring the perpetrators of such crimes to justice; |
27. 还强烈谴责所谓的“伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯兰国”(达伊沙)、“支持阵线”和安全理事会认定的其他恐怖主义组织对平民实施恐怖行为和暴力行为，继续严重、系统和普遍践踏国际人权法并违反国际人道主义法；重申不能也不应将恐怖主义，包括所谓的“伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯兰国”(达伊沙)的行动，与任何宗教、国籍或文明联系起来；强调必须充分执行安全理事会 2014 年 8 月 15 日第2170(2014)号决议； | 27. Further strongly condemns the terrorist acts and violence committed against civilians by the so-called Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (Daesh), Al-Nusrah Front and other terrorist organizations designated by the Security Council, and their continued gross, systematic and widespread abuses of international human rights law and violations of international humanitarian law, reaffirms that terrorism, including the actions of the so-called Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (Daesh), cannot and should not be associated with any religion, nationality or civilization, and stresses the importance of the full implementation of Security Council resolution 2170 (2014) of 15 August 2014; |
28. 最强烈地谴责叙利亚当局违反《化学武器公约》规定的义务和安全理事会第 2118(2013)号决议，继续使用化学武器，以及一切违反公认的禁止使用化学武器的国际标准和规范使用此种武器的情况； | 28. Condemns in the strongest possible terms the continued use of chemical weapons by the Syrian authorities, in violation of its obligations under the Chemical Weapons Convention and Security Council resolution 2118 (2013), and all use of chemical weapons in contravention of well-established international standards and norms against such use; |
29. 回顾禁止化学武器组织－联合国联合调查机制最近的有关报告，其中认为，在 2014 年至 2017 年间，叙利亚当局对四次使用化学武器事件负有责任，所谓的“伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯兰国”(达伊沙)对两次化学武器袭击负有责任； | 29. Recalls the relevant reports of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons-United Nations Joint Investigative Mechanism, in which they found the Syrian authorities responsible for the use of chemical weapons on four occasions, and that the so-called Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (Daesh) was responsible for two chemical weapons attacks between 2014 and 2017; |
30. 表示严重关切禁止化学武器组织实况调查团最近的调查结果，即 2017年 3 月 24 日和 25 日在拉塔米纳赫的两次袭击中很可能使用了沙林和氯气，2018年 2 月 4 日在萨拉奎布的袭击中可能使用了氯气； | 30. Expresses grave concern at the recent finding by the fact-finding mission of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons that sarin and chlorine were very likely used in separate attacks in Ltamenah on 24 and 25 March 2017, and that chlorine was likely used in an attack in Saraqib on 4 February 2018; |
31. 又表示严重关切据报道 2018 年 4 月 7 日在杜马发生了化学武器袭击，造成 70 多人死亡，更多的人受伤；期待禁止化学武器组织实况调查团关于这次袭击的调查结果； | 31. Also expresses grave concern at the reported chemical weapons attack in Douma on 7 April 2018, resulting in the death of more than 70 people and injury to many more, and looks forward to the findings of the fact-finding mission of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons on that attack; |
32. 还表示严重关切的是，禁止化学武器组织技术秘书处 2016 年 7 月、2017 年 3 月、2017 年 7 月、2017 年 10 月和 2018 年 3 月的报告指出，技术秘书处不能确认叙利亚当局根据《化学武器公约》提出的关于其化学武器计划的申报是准确和完整的；吁请阿拉伯叙利亚共和国与该组织充分合作，就申报中仍然存在的空白、不一致和差异之处做出进一步说明； | 32. Further expresses grave concern at the reports of the Technical Secretariat of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons of July 2016, March 2017, July 2017, October 2017 and March 2018, in which the Technical Secretariat reported that it had been unable to verify that the declaration made by the Syrian authorities regarding their chemical weapons programme was accurate and complete in accordance with the Chemical Weapons Convention, and calls upon the Syrian Arab Republic to cooperate fully with the Organisation to provide further clarification relating to the gaps, inconsistencies and discrepancies that remain concerning the declaration; |
33. 责成各方立即在阿拉伯叙利亚共和国停止使用化学武器；表示坚信必须追究应对使用化学武器负责的人的责任，并表示为此支持“反对使用化武有罪不罚问题的国际伙伴关系”的目标和承诺，即支持对扩散或使用化学武器的责任 | 33. Demands that all parties desist immediately from any use of chemical weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic, expresses its strong conviction that those responsible for the use of chemical weapons must be held accountable, and also expresses its support in this regard for the objectives and commitments of the International Partnership against Impunity for the Use of Chemical Weapons to support accountability for all those responsible for the proliferation or use of chemical weapons; |
34. 重申必须确定适当的进程和机制，以实现正义，取得和解，查明真相，对严重违反和践踏国际法的行为追究责任，并对受害者给予赔偿和有效补救；强调指出，追究责任可以充当以可持续、包容、和平的方式结束冲突的一切努力的先决条件； | 34. Reaffirms the importance of establishing appropriate processes and mechanisms to achieve justice, reconciliation, truth and accountability for gross violations and abuses of international law, and reparations and effective remedies for victims, and stresses the prerequisite role that accountability can play in any efforts to bring about a sustainable, inclusive and peaceful conclusion to the conflict; |
35. 回顾设立国际刑事法院是为了在国家不愿意或没有能力真正开展调查或提出起诉的情况下，帮助结束有关罪行不受惩罚的现象； | 35. Recalls that the International Criminal Court was established to help to end impunity for applicable crimes in which the State is unwilling or unable to genuinely carry out investigations or prosecutions; |
36. 强调有必要确保通过适当、公平和独立的国内、区域或国际刑事司法机制，对所有违反国际人道主义法或违反和践踏国际人权法行为的责任人追究责任；强调有必要为达到这一目标采取实际步骤，同时注意到国际刑事法院在这方面可以发挥重要作用； | 36. Emphasizes the need to ensure that all those responsible for violations of international humanitarian law or violations and abuses of international human rights law are held to account through appropriate, fair and independent national, regional or international criminal justice mechanisms, and stresses the need to pursue practical steps towards this goal, noting the important role that the International Criminal Court can play in this regard; |
37. 欢迎协助调查和起诉自 2011 年 3 月以来在阿拉伯叙利亚共和国境内犯下国际法所规定最严重罪行者的国际公正独立机制所开展的工作，包括该机制与调查委员会和叙利亚民间社会的密切合作； | 37. Welcomes the work of the International, Impartial and Independent Mechanism to Assist in the Investigation and Prosecution of Persons Responsible for the Most Serious Crimes under International Law Committed in the Syrian Arab Republic since March 2011, including its close cooperation with the Commission of Inquiry and Syrian civil society; |
38. 请会员国积极支持国际公正独立机制，包括考虑为之提供有关在阿拉伯叙利亚共和国境内犯下的国际法所规定最严重罪行的资料和数据，并为该机制的运作提供适当的多年度经费； | 38. Invites Member States to actively support the International, Impartial and Independent Mechanism, including by considering the provision of information and data on the most serious crimes under international law committed in the Syrian Arab Republic, and to provide adequate, multiannual, financial means for its functioning; |
39. 痛惜阿拉伯叙利亚共和国境内严峻的人道主义局势；深为关切约 200万生活在阿拉伯叙利亚共和国被围困和难以到达地区的叙利亚人的困境，他们的需求尤为迫切，须立即向他们提供全面、安全的人道主义援助； | 39. Deplores the grave humanitarian situation in the Syrian Arab Republic, and expresses deep concern at the plight of the approximately 2 million Syrians living in besieged and hard-to-reach areas in the Syrian Arab Republic, whose needs are particularly acute and who require full, immediate and safe humanitarian assistance; |
40. 深为关切调查委员会的调查结果，即在重新夺回东古塔被围困地区时所用的手段构成战争罪和危害人类罪；3 | 40. Expresses deep concern at the finding of the Commission of Inquiry that tactics used in the recapturing of the besieged area of Eastern Ghouta amounted to war crimes and crimes against humanity; |
41. 强烈谴责叙利亚当局从联合国批准的车队拿走人道主义援助，包括原打算为那些没有食物、医药和重要必需品的绝望民众提供的医疗援助和物资； | 41. Strongly condemns the Syrian authorities’ removal of humanitarian aid from United Nations-approved convoys, including medical aid and supplies intended to reach desperate populations deprived of food, medical aid and vital necessities; |
42. 责成叙利亚当局根据安全理事会有关决议为联合国和人道主义行为方立即获得安全的全面通行自由提供便利，责成冲突其他各方按照这些决议不妨碍此种通行自由，并要求它们确保人道主义援助送达所有有需要的人群，包括难以到达和被围困地区的人群；吁请各会员国为联合国的援助呼吁提供充分的资金； | 42. Demands that the Syrian authorities facilitate, and all other parties to the conflict do not hinder, the full, immediate and safe access of the United Nations and humanitarian actors, and that they ensure that the delivery of humanitarian aid reaches all those in need, including in hard-to-reach and besieged areas, in accordance with relevant Security Council resolutions, and calls upon Member States to fully fund the United Nations appeals; |
43. 深为关切该地区逃离阿拉伯叙利亚共和国境内暴力的 560 多万难民；欢迎土耳其、黎巴嫩、约旦、伊拉克和埃及等邻国为收容叙利亚难民做出的努力；承认这些国家因存在大量难民而承受的社会经济后果；敦促国际社会提供紧急财政支持，使收容国能够应对叙利亚难民日增的人道主义需求，包括妇女和女 | 43. Expresses deep concern for the more than 5.6 million refugees in the region fleeing the violence in the Syrian Arab Republic, welcomes the efforts of the neighbouring countries Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan and Iraq, as well as of Egypt to host Syrian refugees, acknowledges the socioeconomic consequences of the presence of large-scale refugee populations in those countries, and urges the international community to provide urgent financial support to enable the host countries to respond to the growing humanitarian needs |
急财政支持，使收容国能够应对叙利亚难民日增的人道主义需求，包括妇女和女童的特殊需求，同时强调责任分担和负担分摊的原则； | Syrian refugees, including the particular needs of women and girls, while emphasizing the principles of responsibility and burden-sharing; |
44. 注意到该地区以外的一些国家已经制订了一些援助和收容叙利亚难民的措施和政策；鼓励这些国家再接再厉，并鼓励该地区以外的其他国家考虑执行类似的措施和政策，以便向叙利亚难民提供保护和人道主义援助； | 44. Notes those States outside the region that have put in place measures and policies to assist and to host Syrian refugees, and encourages them to do more, and also encourages other States outside the region to consider implementing similar measures and policies, also with a view to providing Syrian refugees with protection and humanitarian assistance; |
45. 欢迎关于支持叙利亚人们的有关国际会议，特别是 2018 年由欧洲联盟在布鲁塞尔举办的题为“支持叙利亚和地区未来”的第二次会议；再次呼吁国际社会充分兑现全部承诺； | 45. Welcomes the relevant international conferences on supporting the Syrian people, notably the second conference entitled “Supporting the future of Syria and the region” hosted by the European Union in Brussels in 2018, and renews its call for the international community to deliver in full all pledges; |
46. 重申只能以政治方式解决阿拉伯叙利亚共和国的冲突；责成各方在日内瓦公报和安全理事会第 2254(2015)号决议的基础上，在日内瓦由联合国主持的叙利亚内部会谈框架内，并在妇女有平等的发言权并根据安全理事会 2000 年 10月 31 日第 1325(2000)号决议及其后有关妇女、和平与安全的各项决议充分切实地领导和参与决策工作和一切活动的情况下，努力实现真正的政治过渡，从而满足叙利亚人民建立一个民主、多元的公民国家的正当愿望，在这样一个国家里，所有公民不论性别、宗教或族裔，均得到平等保护；欢迎民间社会参与这一进程； | 46. Reaffirms that there can only be a political solution to the conflict in the Syrian Arab Republic, and demands that all parties work towards a genuine political transition based on the Geneva communiqué and Security Council resolution 2254 (2015), within the framework of the United Nations-led intra-Syrian talks in Geneva and with the equal voice and full and meaningful leadership and participation of women in decision-making and in all efforts consistent with Security Council resolution 1325 (2000) of 31 October 2000 and subsequent resolutions on women, peace and security, that meets the legitimate aspirations of the Syrian people for a civil, democratic and pluralistic State, in which all citizens receive equal protection, regardless of gender, religion or ethnicity, and welcomes the inclusion of civil society in this process; |
大 会 Distr.: General | General Assembly Distr.: General |
15 September 2020 | 15 September 2020 |
Original: English(C) 220920 290920 | 20-11927 (E) 210920 220920 |
*2011927* | *2011927* |
第七十五届会议 | Seventy-fifth session |
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