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议程项目 67 | Agenda item 67 |
促进和保护儿童权利 | Promotion and protection of the rights of children |
阿根廷、奥地利、比利时、玻利维亚、巴西、保加利亚、智利、哥伦比亚、哥斯达黎加、古巴、塞浦路斯、捷克共和国、丹麦、多米尼加共和国、厄瓜多尔、萨尔瓦多、爱沙尼亚、芬兰、法国、德国、希腊、危地马拉、洪都拉斯、匈牙利、爱尔兰、意大利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、卢森堡、马耳他、墨西哥、荷兰、尼加拉瓜、巴拿马、巴拉圭、秘鲁、波兰、葡萄牙、罗马尼亚、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚、西班牙、瑞典、大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国、乌拉圭和委内瑞拉（玻利瓦尔共和国）: 决议草案 | Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Honduras, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Uruguay and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of): draft resolution |
儿童权利 | Rights of the child |
大会， | The General Assembly, |
回顾其以往关于儿童权利的决议，其中最近的一项是 2004 年 12 月 23 日第59/261 号决议，以及人权委员会 2005 年 4 月 19 日第 2005/44 号决议，1 | Recalling its previous resolutions on the rights of the child, the most recent of which is resolution 59/261 of 23 December 2004, as well as Commission on Human Rights resolution 2005/44 of 19 April 2005,1 |
强调应以《儿童权利公约》2为促进和保护儿童权利的标准，同时铭记该公约各项任择议定书 3以及其他人权文书的重要性， | Emphasizing that the Convention on the Rights of the Child2 must constitute the standard in the promotion and protection of the rights of the child, and bearing in mind the importance of its Optional Protocols3 as well as other human rights instruments, |
重申关于儿童问题的大会第二十七届特别会议题为“适合儿童生长的世界”的成果文件、4大会第二十六届特别会议通过的关于艾滋病毒/艾滋病问题的承诺宣言：“全球危机——全球行动”》5《联合国千年宣言》6及《维也纳宣言和行动纲领》，7 | Reaffirming the outcome document of the twenty-seventh special session of the General Assembly on children, entitled “A World Fit for Children”,4 the Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS adopted at the twenty-sixth special session of the General Assembly on HIV/AIDS, also entitled “Global Crisis — Global Action”,5 the United Nations Millennium Declaration6 and the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action,7 |
赞赏地注意到秘书长就关于儿童问题的大会第二十七届特别会议后续行动提出的报告 8及其关于《儿童权利公约》现况的报告 9以及儿童权利委员会主席提交的报告、负责儿童与武装冲突问题的秘书长特别代表提交的报告 10 及联合国研究暴力侵害儿童行为问题独立专家提交的报告，11 | Noting with appreciation the reports of the Secretary-General on follow-up to the special session of the General Assembly on children,8 and on the status of the Convention on the Rights of the Child,9 as well as the reports of the Chairman of the Committee on the Rights of the Child, the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict10 and the independent expert for the United Nations study on violence against children,11 |
重申儿童的最高利益应为一切涉及儿童的行动的主要考虑因素， | Reaffirming that the best interests of the child shall be a primary consideration in all actions concerning children, |
认识到正如《2005 年世界首脑会议成果》12 所强调，必须在整个人权议程中考虑到保护儿童的问题， | Recognizing the importance of incorporating a child-protection perspective across the human rights agenda, as highlighted in the 2005 World Summit Outcome,12 |
深切关注世界许多地区的儿童由于持续存在贫穷、社会不平等、日益全球化的经济环境中不健全的社会和经济条件、大流行病（特别是艾滋病毒/艾滋病、疟疾和结核病）、环境破坏、自然灾害、武装冲突、流离失所、暴力、虐待、剥削、贩运儿童及其器官、儿童卖淫、儿童色情和儿童色情旅游业、忽视、文盲、饥饿、不容忍、歧视、仇外心理、两性不平等、残疾和法律保护不足而仍然处境艰难，并深信必须采取紧急、有效的国家和国际行动， | Profoundly concerned that the situation of children in many parts of the world remains critical as a result of the persistence of poverty, social inequality, inadequate social and economic conditions in an increasingly globalized economic environment, pandemics, in particular HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis, environmental damage, natural disasters, armed conflict, displacement, violence, abuse, exploitation, trafficking in children and their organs, child prostitution, child pornography and child sex tourism, neglect, illiteracy, hunger, intolerance, discrimination, xenophobia, gender inequality, disability and inadequate legal protection, and convinced that urgent and effective national and international action is called for, |
强调有必要将性别视角纳入有关儿童的所有政策与方案的主流，并确认儿童在所有关于儿童的政策及方案中都是权利持有人， | Underlining the need to mainstream a gender perspective in all policies and programmes relating to children and recognizing the child as a rights holder in all policies and programmes relating to children, |
一． 执行《儿童权利公约》及其各项任择议定书 | I. Implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child and its Optional Protocols |
1. 重申儿童的最高利益、不歧视、参与、生存以及发展等一般原则为所有涉及儿童包括青少年的行动确立了框架； | 1. Reaffirms that the general principles of, inter alia, the best interest of the child, non-discrimination, participation and survival and development provide the framework for all actions concerning children, including adolescents; |
2. 再次敦促尚未签署和批准或加入《儿童权利公约》2的国家优先考虑签署和批准或加入《公约》，并关注《公约》提出的大量保留，敦促缔约国撤回其与《公约》目标和宗旨相抵触的保留并考虑对其他保留进行审查，以便将其撤销； | 2. Urges once again States that have not yet done so to sign and ratify or accede to the Convention on the Rights of the Child2 as a matter of priority, and, concerned about the great number of reservations to the Convention, urges States parties to withdraw reservations that are incompatible with the object and purpose of the Convention and to consider reviewing other reservations with a view to withdrawing them; |
3. 还敦促尚未签署和批准或加入《儿童权利公约》关于儿童卷入武装冲突问题的任择议定书和关于买卖儿童、儿童卖淫和儿童色情问题的任择议定书 3的国家考虑签署和批准或加入这两项议定书； | 3. Also urges States that have not yet done so to consider signing and ratifyingor acceding to the Optional Protocols to the Convention on the involvement of children in armed conflict and on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography;3 |
4. 吁请缔约国充分执行公约及其各项任择议定书，除其他外，制定有效的国家立法、政策和行动计划，加强与儿童有关的政府机构，并确保从事与儿童有关的专业群体得到适当和有系统的儿童权利培训； | 4. Calls upon States parties to implement the Convention and its Optional Protocols fully by, inter alia, putting in place effective national legislation, policies and action plans, strengthening relevant governmental structures for children and ensuring adequate and systematic training in the rights of the child for professional groups working with and for children; |
5. 欢迎儿童权利委员会的工作，并吁请所有国家加强与委员会的合作，按照委员会拟定的准则及时履行《公约》及其各项任择议定书所规定的报告义务，在执行《公约》时考虑到委员会的建议； | 5. Welcomes the work of the Committee on the Rights of the Child, and calls upon all States to strengthen their cooperation with the Committee, to comply in a timely manner with their reporting obligations under the Convention and the Optional Protocols thereto, in accordance with the guidelines elaborated by the Committee, and to take into account its recommendations on implementation of the Convention; |
6. 请联合国系统所有相关机构以及联合国各机制在执行其任务的所有活动中经常有系统地重点考虑到儿童权利，确保其工作人员得到有关儿童权利问题的培训，并吁请各国同上述所有机制，特别是联合国系统的特别报告员和特别代表密切合作； | 6. Requests all relevant organs of the United Nations system and United Nations mechanisms regularly and systematically to incorporate a strong child rights perspective throughout all activities in the fulfilment of their mandates, as well as to ensure that their staff are trained in child rights matters, and calls upon States to cooperate closely with all these mechanisms, in particular the special rapporteurs and special representatives of the United Nations system; |
7. 鼓励各国加强本国的统计能力，并在国家、次区域、区域和国际各级使用分列的统计数字，特别是按年龄、性别和其他可能导致差异的有关因素分列的统计数字以及其他统计指标来拟订和评价社会政策和方案，以期高效和有效地利用经济和社会资源，充分实现儿童权利； | 7. Encourages States to strengthen their national statistical capacities and to use statistics disaggregated, inter alia, by age, gender and other relevant factors that may lead to disparities and other statistical indicators at the national, subregional, regional and international levels to develop and assess social policies and programmes so that economic and social resources are used efficiently and effectively for the full realization of the rights of the child; |
二. 促进和保护儿童权利出生登记、家庭关系和收养 | II. Promotion and protection of the rights of child Registration, family relations and adoption |
8. 再次敦促所有国家加紧努力，履行根据《儿童权利公约》承担的义务，维护法律承认的儿童身份，包括国籍和家庭关系，使儿童出生后立即能得到登记，确保出生登记手续简单、迅速、有效，收费最低，并在国家、地区和地方各级宣传出生登记的重要性；5 | 8. Urges once again all States to intensify their efforts to comply with their obligation under the Convention on the Rights of the Child to preserve the child’s identity, including nationality and family relations, as recognized by law, to allow for the registration of the child immediately after birth, to ensure that registration procedures are simple, expeditious and effective and provided at minimal cost and to raise awareness of the importance of birth registration at the national, regional and local levels; |
9. 鼓励各国制定和执行法律并改进政策和方案的执行，保护没有父母抚养或没人照顾的儿童，同时认识到如有必要提供其他照顾途径，应首先推行家庭和社区照顾，其次才考虑机构安置； | 9. Encourages States to adopt and enforce laws and improve the implementation of policies and programmes to protect children growing up without parents or caregivers, recognizing that, where alternative care is necessary, family-and community-based care should be promoted over placement in institutions; |
10. 吁请所有国家处理父母或家庭成员对儿童的国际绑架儿童案件，并鼓励各国开展多边和双边合作，最好是加入《国际儿童拐骗事件的民事问题海牙公约》，以便解决这些案件，并且除其他外，促使儿童返回其在被劫走或羁留之前居住的国家，在这方面特别注意父母中一方和（或）其他亲属对儿童进行国际绑架的案件； | 10. Calls upon States to address cases of international parental or familial child abduction, and encourages States to engage in multilateral and bilateral cooperation to resolve these cases, preferably by accession to the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction, and to facilitate, inter alia, the return of the child to the country in which he or she resided immediately before removal or retention and, in this respect, to pay particular attention to cases of international abduction of children by a parent and/or by other relatives; |
11. 吁请各国采取一切必要措施，防止和打击非法收养和一切不符合儿童最高利益的收养行为； | 11. Calls upon States to take all necessary measures to prevent and combat illegal adoptions and all adoptions that are not in the best interests of the child; |
儿童的经济和社会福祉 | Economic and social well-being of children |
12. 吁请各国和国际社会建立一个保障儿童福祉的环境，以便除其他外:(a) 开展合作、支持和参与在全球、区域和国家各级为消除贫穷而进行的全球努力，认识到必须在各级增加可动用的资源和更有效地分配资源，以确保按时实现国际商定的各项发展和减贫目标，包括《联合国千年宣言》6规定的目标，并重申对儿童的投资和实现儿童权利是根除贫穷的最有效途径；(b) 采取一切必要措施，确保儿童享受可达到的最高健康标准的权利，建立可持续的医疗卫生和社会服务系统，确保可不受歧视地利用此种系统和服务，尤其注意提供充足的食物和营养，并优先重视旨在防止成瘾、尤其是酗酒和抽烟成瘾及滥用麻醉药品、精神药物和吸入剂的活动和方案；(c) 确认机会均等和无差别的教育权利，规定初等教育为所有儿童均应获得的免费义务教育，确保所有儿童均获得优质教育，特别是通过逐步实行免费教育，普遍提供且使所有人均可获得中等教育，同时铭记采取确保平等入学机会的特别措施，包括肯定行动，有助于实现机会均等和消除排斥现象；(d) 制订和执行各项方案，向怀孕少女和未成年母亲提供社会服务和支助，特别是使她们能继续完成教育； | 12. Calls upon States and the international community to create an environment in which the well-being of the child is ensured, and, inter alia, to: (a) Cooperate, support and participate in global efforts for poverty eradication at the global, regional and country levels, recognizing that strengthened availability and effective allocation of resources are required at all levels, in order to ensure that all the internationally agreed development and poverty eradication goals, including those set out in the United Nations Millennium Declaration,6 are realized within their time framework, reaffirming that investments in children and the realization of their rights are among the most effective ways to eradicate poverty; (b) Take all necessary measures to ensure the right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health and to develop sustainable health and social services systems, ensuring access to such systems and services without discrimination, paying particular attention to adequate food and nutrition and assigning priority to activities and programmes aimed at preventing addictions, in particular addiction to alcohol and tobacco, and the abuse of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and inhalants; (c) Recognize the right to education on the basis of equal opportunity and non-discrimination through making primary education compulsory and available free to all children, ensuring that all children have access to education of good quality, and making secondary education generally available and accessible to all, in particular through the progressive introduction of free education, bearing in mind that special measures to ensure equal access, including affirmative action, contribute to achieving equal opportunity and combating exclusion; (d) Design and implement programmes to provide social services and support to pregnant adolescents and adolescent mothers, in particular through enabling them to continue and complete their education; |
暴力侵害儿童行为 | Violence against children |
13. 敦促各国：(a) 采取一切适当措施，防止和保护儿童免遭一切形式的暴力，包括身心方面的暴力和性暴力、酷刑、虐待和剥削、家庭暴力、贩运儿童及其器官、儿童卖淫、儿童色情制品和儿童色情旅游业，免遭警察、其他执法当局和拘留中心或福利机构雇员和官员的虐待；(b) 调查和起诉对儿童施加酷刑或其他形式暴力的案件，并惩处行为人；(c) 更加努力保护儿童免遭帮派暴力，特别是就此现象采取全面办法；(d) 终止侵害儿童罪行行为人有罪不罚的现象，在这方面确认国际刑事法院的设立有助于防止侵犯人权和违反国际人道主义法的行为，特别是防止儿童成为灭绝种族罪、危害人类罪和战争罪等严重罪行的受害者，将此种罪行的行为人绳之以法，不赦免这些罪行，并加强国际合作以实现终止有罪不罚现象的目标；(e) 采取措施，保护学童在学校内免遭暴力、伤害或虐待，包括性凌虐和恐吓或粗暴对待，建立便于儿童使用的适龄申诉机制，并彻底、迅速调查所有暴力和歧视行为；(f) 采取措施消除学校内的体罚；(g) 谴责绑架儿童行为，尤其是敲诈性绑架和武装冲突局势中的绑架行为，采取一切适当措施，确保所有被绑架儿童无条件获释、恢复正常生活、重新融入社会并与家人团聚，将绑架行为人绳之以法，并在此方面请国际组织与国家当局合作； | 13. Urges States: (a) To take all appropriate measures to prevent and protect children from all forms of violence, including physical, mental and sexual violence, torture, child abuse and exploitation, domestic violence, trafficking in children and their organs, child prostitution, child pornography and child sex tourism and abuse by police, other law enforcement authorities and employees and officials in detention centres or welfare institutions; (b) To investigate and prosecute cases of torture and other forms of violence against children and to punish the perpetrators; (c) To strengthen efforts to protect children from gang-related violence, in particular though a comprehensive approach to this phenomenon; (d) To end impunity for perpetrators of crimes committed against children, recognizing in this regard the contribution of the establishment of the International Criminal Court as a way to prevent violations of human rights and international humanitarian law, in particular when children are victims of serious crimes, including the crime of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes, to bring perpetrators of such crimes to justice and not grant amnesties for these crimes and to strengthen international cooperation towards the goal of ending impunity; (e) To take measures to protect schoolchildren from violence, injury or abuse, including sexual abuse and intimidation or maltreatment in schools, to establish complaint mechanisms that are age appropriate and accessible to children and to undertake thorough and prompt investigations of all acts of violence and discrimination; (f) To take measures to eliminate the use of corporal punishment in schools; (g) To condemn the abduction of children, particularly extortive abduction and abduction in situations of armed conflict, to take all appropriate measures to secure the unconditional release, rehabilitation, reintegration and reunification with their families of all abducted children, to bring the perpetrators to justice and, in this regard, to request international organizations to cooperate with national authorities; |
不歧视 | Non-discrimination |
14. 吁请所有国家确保儿童在不受任何歧视的情况下充分享受所有公民、政治、经济、社会和文化权利； | 14. Calls upon all States to ensure the enjoyment by children of all their civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights without discrimination of any kind; |
15. 关切地注意到大量儿童，尤其是女孩和少数群体儿童，成为种族主义、种族歧视、仇外心理和有关不容忍现象的受害者，强调必须根据保护儿童最高利益和尊重其意见的原则，在打击种族主义、种族歧视、仇外心理和有关不容忍现象的方案中纳入特别措施，并吁请各国为所有儿童提供特别支助，确保所有儿童有平等机会利用各种服务； | 15. Notes with concern the large number of children, particularly girls and children belonging to minorities, who are among the victims of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, stresses the need to incorporate special measures, in accordance with the principle of the best interest of the child and respect for his or her views, in programmes to combat racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, and calls upon States to provide special support and ensure equal access to services for all children; |
16. 吁请所有国家采取一切必要措施，包括酌情实行法律改革，以便消除对女孩的一切形式的歧视和一切形式的暴力，包括杀害女婴、产前性别选择、强奸、性凌虐和切割女性生殖器官等有害的传统或习俗、未经当事人双方完全自由同意的婚姻、早婚、强迫绝育等，为此颁布和执行立法，并酌情制订全面、多学科及协调一致的国家计划、方案或战略以保护女孩； | 16. Calls upon States to take all necessary measures, including legal reforms where appropriate, to eliminate all forms of discrimination against girls and all forms of violence, including female infanticide and prenatal sex selection, rape, sexual abuse and harmful traditional or customary practices, including female genital mutilation, marriages without the free and full consent of the intending spouses, early marriages and forced sterilization, by enacting and enforcing legislation and by formulating, where appropriate, comprehensive, multidisciplinary and coordinated national plans, programmes or strategies to protect girls; |
促进和保护儿童权利，包括处境特别困难的儿童的权利 | Promoting and protecting the rights of children, including children in particularly difficult situations |
17. 吁请所有国家防止侵害街头谋生和（或）流落街头儿童权利的行为，包括歧视、任意拘留、法外处决、任意处决或即决处决、酷刑、一切形式的暴力和剥削等，将行为人绳之以法；制定和执行政策保护这些儿童，使之在社会和心理上得到康复并重新融入社会；制定经济、社会和教育战略，解决街头谋生和（或）流落街头的儿童的问题； | 17. Calls upon all States to prevent violations of the rights of children working and/or living on the street, including discrimination, arbitrary detention and extrajudicial, arbitrary or summary executions, torture, all kinds of violence and exploitation, to bring the perpetrators to justice, to adopt and implement policies for the protection, social and psychosocial rehabilitation and reintegration of these children and to adopt economic, social and educational strategies to address theproblems of children living or working on the street; |
18. 吁请所有国家保护难民儿童、寻求庇护的儿童和境内流离失所儿童，特别是孤身儿童，这些儿童尤其面临着与武装冲突有关的危险，例如被招募入伍、遭受性暴力和性剥削；特别重视自愿遣返和在可行时就地安置和重新安置的方案；优先重视寻找家人和家庭团聚，并酌情与国际人道主义组织和难民组织合作，包括为它们的工作提供便利； | 18. Calls upon States to protect refugee, asylum-seeking and internally displaced children, in particular those who are unaccompanied, who are particularly exposed to risks in connection with armed conflict, such as recruitment, sexual violence and exploitation, to pay particular attention to programmes for voluntary repatriation and, wherever possible, local integration and resettlement, to give priority to family tracing and family reunification and, where appropriate, to cooperate with international humanitarian and refugee organizations, including by facilitating their work; |
19. 又吁请所有国家确保属于少数群体和脆弱群体的儿童，包括移徙儿童和土著儿童在内，享有所有人权，享受优质保健、社会服务和教育，并确保属于少数群体的儿童，特别是暴力和剥削的受害者，得到特别保护和援助； | 19. Also calls upon States to ensure, for children belonging to minorities and vulnerable groups, including migrant children and indigenous children, the enjoyment of all human rights as well as access to health care, social services and education of good quality and to ensure that children belonging to minorities, in particular victims of violence and exploitation, receive special protection and assistance; |
20. 还吁请所有国家采取必要措施，确保残疾儿童在公共和私营领域均能充分、平等地享有所有人权和基本自由，包括有机会获得优质教育和保健，免遭暴力、虐待和忽视，制订和执行立法禁止歧视残疾儿童，以保障残疾儿童的尊严，促进其自立，帮助他们积极参与和融入社区，同时考虑到贫困残疾儿童的特别困难处境； | 20. Further calls upon States to take the necessary measures to ensure the full and equal enjoyment of all human rights and fundamental freedoms by children with disabilities in both the public and the private spheres, including access to good quality education and health care and protection from violence, abuse and neglect, and to develop and, where it already exists, to enforce legislation to prohibit discrimination against them to ensure their dignity, promote their self-reliance and facilitate their active participation and integration in the community, taking into account the particularly difficult situation of children with disabilities living in poverty; |
21. 吁请各国在法律和实践中保护孤儿的继承权和财产权，特别注意潜在的基于性别的歧视，这种歧视可能妨碍这些权利的实现； | 21. Calls upon States to protect the inheritance and property rights of orphans in law and in practice, with particular attention to underlying gender-based discrimination that may interfere with the fulfilment of these rights; |
22. 又吁请所有国家将其承诺转化为具体行动，逐步和切实消除可能有害或影响儿童教育，或对儿童健康或身心、精神、道德或社会发展有害的童工劳动；立即消除最恶劣形式的童工劳动；促进教育，以之作为这方面工作的关键战略，包括建立职业培训和学徒方案，并将劳动儿童纳入正规教育系统；审查和制定经济政策，必要时与国际社会合作，消除造成这些形式的童工劳动的因素； | 22. Also calls upon States to translate into concrete action their commitment to the progressive and effective elimination of child labour that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the child’s education or to be harmful to the child’s health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development, to eliminate immediately the worst forms of child labour, to promote education as a key strategy in this regard, including the creation of vocational training and apprenticeship programmes and the integration of working children into the formal education system and to examine and devise economic policies, where necessary, in cooperation with the international community, that address factors contributing to these forms of child labour; |
23. 敦促所有尚未批准国际劳工组织 1973 年《准予就业最低年龄公约》(第138 号公约)和 1999 年《禁止和立即行动消除最恶劣形式的童工劳动公约》(第182 号公约)的国家考虑批准这两项公约； | 23. Urges States that have not yet done so to consider signing and ratifying or acceding to the Convention concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment, 1973 (Convention No. 138) and the Convention concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour, 1999 (Convention No. 182) of the International Labour Organization; |
24. 吁请所有国家，尤其是尚未废除死刑的国家，(a) 尽快立法废除犯罪时未满 18 岁者的死刑；(b) 遵守其根据国际人权文书相关规定承担的义务，包括根据《儿童权利公约》以及《公民及政治权利国际盟约》13 承担的义务；(c) 铭记确保保护死刑犯权利的保障措施以及经济及社会理事会通过的联合国保障制度所列的保障措施； | 24. Calls upon all States, in particular those States in which the death penalty has not been abolished: (a) To abolish by law, as soon as possible, the death penalty for those below age of 18 years at the time of the commission of the offence; (b) To comply with their obligations as assumed under relevant provisions of international human rights instruments, including the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights;13 (c) To keep in mind the safeguards guaranteeing protection of the rights of those facing the death penalty and the guarantees set out in United Nations safeguards adopted by the Economic and Social Council; |
25. 又吁请所有国家确保被拘留的儿童不被判处强迫劳动或体罚、或被剥夺获得保健服务、清洁卫生和环境卫生、教育、基本指导和职业培训的机会； | 25. Also calls upon all States to ensure that no child in detention is sentenced to forced labour or corporal punishment or deprived of access to and provision of health-care services, hygiene and environmental sanitation, education, basic instruction and vocational training; |
防止和根除买卖儿童、儿童卖淫和儿童色情制品 | Prevention and eradication of the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
26. 吁请所有国家：(a) 按刑事罪论处并切实惩治包括所有恋童癖行为在内的、对儿童的一切形式的性剥削和性凌虐，包括在家庭内部或为商业目的进行的性剥削和性凌虐、儿童色情制品和儿童卖淫、儿童色情旅游业、贩运儿童、买卖儿童及其器官以及利用因特网从事此种活动，并采取有效措施避免将受剥削之害的儿童当作罪犯处理；(b) 确保在罪行发生地国、罪犯国籍国或居住国、受害人国籍国，或以国内法允许的任何其他依据，起诉国内外罪犯，并为此目的在调查或刑事诉讼或引渡程序方面互相给予最大程度的协助；(c) 加强各级合作，防止并侦破贩运儿童及其器官的网络，并吁请尚未签署和批准或加入《联合国打击跨国有组织犯罪公约关于预防、禁止和惩治贩运人口特别是妇女和儿童行为的补充议定书》14 的国家考虑签署和批准或加入该议定书；(d) 在贩运儿童、买卖儿童、儿童卖淫和儿童色情制品案件中有效解决受害人的需要，包括他们的安全和保护、身心康复和完全重新融入社会，包括为此提供双边和多边技术合作和财政援助；(e) 打击助长此种危害儿童的犯罪行为的市场，包括制定、切实适用和执行预防、改造和惩罚措施，惩处对儿童进行性剥削或性凌虐的顾客或个人，并确保提高公众认识；(f) 协助消除买卖儿童、儿童卖淫和儿童色情制品问题，采取整体处理办法，消除各种诱因，其中包括发展不足、贫穷、经济差距、社会经济结构不公平、家庭失调、教育不足、城乡移徙、性别歧视、成人性犯罪行为或不负责任的性行为、儿童色情旅游业、有组织犯罪、有害的传统习俗、武装冲突和贩运儿童；受武装冲突影响的儿童 | 26. Calls upon all States: (a) To criminalize and penalize effectively all forms of sexual exploitation and sexual abuse of children, including all acts of paedophilia, including within the family or for commercial purposes, child pornography and child prostitution, child sex tourism, trafficking in children, the sale of children and their organs and the use of the Internet for these purposes, and to take effective measures against the criminalization of children who are victims of exploitation; (b) To ensure the prosecution of offenders, whether local or foreign, whether in the country in which the crime was committed, in the country of which the offender is a national or resident, in the country of which the victim is a national or on any other basis permitted under domestic law, and, for these purposes, to afford one another the greatest measure of assistance in connection with investigations or criminal or extradition proceedings; (c) To increase cooperation at all levels to prevent and dismantle networks trafficking in children and their organs and, for those States that have not yet done so, to consider signing and ratifying or acceding to the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime;14 (d) In cases of trafficking in children, the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography, to address effectively the needs of victims, including their safety and protection, physical and psychological recovery and full reintegration into society, including through bilateral and multilateral technical cooperation and financial assistance; (e) To combat the existence of a market that encourages such criminal practices against children, including through the adoption, effective application and enforcement of preventive, rehabilitative and punitive measures targeting customers or individuals who sexually exploit or sexually abuse children, as well as by ensuring public awareness; (f) To contribute to the elimination of the sale of children, child prostitutionand child pornography by adopting a holistic approach, addressing the contributing factors, including underdevelopment, poverty, economic disparities, inequitable socio-economic structures, dysfunctional families, lack of education, urban-rural migration, gender discrimination, criminal or irresponsible adult sexual behaviour, child sex tourism, organized crime, harmful traditional practices, armed conflicts and trafficking in children; Children affected by armed conflict |
27． 强烈谴责任何违反国际法在武装冲突中招募和利用儿童的行为，敦促从事此类行为的所有国家和武装冲突其他各方终止这类行为； | 27. Strongly condemns any recruitment or use of children in armed conflict contrary to international law, and urges all States and other parties to armed conflict that are engaged in such practices to end them; |
28. 重申大会、经济及社会理事会和人权委员会在促进和保护儿童权利与福利方面的关键作用； | 28. Reaffirms the essential roles of the General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council and the Commission on Human Rights in promoting and protecting the rights and welfare of children; |
29. 吁请各国： | 29. Calls upon States: |
(a) 在批准《儿童权利公约》关于儿童卷入武装冲突问题的任择议定书 15时，按照《公约》第 38 条第 3 款的规定提高本国武装部队的自愿入伍最低年龄，同时铭记按照《公约》的规定，未满 18 岁的人有权得到特别保护，并采取保障措施保证入伍不是被强迫或受胁迫的； | (a) When ratifying the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict,15 to raise the minimum age of voluntary recruitment of persons into the national armed forces from that set out in article 38, paragraph 3, of the Convention, bearing in mind that under the Convention persons under 18 years of age are entitled to special protection, and to adopt safeguards to ensure that such recruitment is not forced or coerced; |
(b) 采取一切可行措施确保在武装冲突中被利用的儿童复员和有效解除武装，并执行有效措施，特别是通过教育措施，以便他们改造、身心康复和重新融入社会，同时考虑到女孩的权利及具体需要和能力； | (b) To take all feasible measures to ensure the demobilization and effective disarmament of children used in armed conflicts and to implement effective measures for their rehabilitation, physical and psychological recovery and reintegration into society, in particular through educational measures, taking into account the rights and the specific needs and capacities of girls; |
(c) 保护受武装冲突影响的儿童，特别是保护他们不受违反国际人道主义法和人权法行为之害，按照 1949 年 8 月 12 日日内瓦四公约 16 和国际人道主义法的规定确保他们及时、有效地获得人道主义援助；并吁请国际社会通过国际刑事法院等途径，追究违反行为责任人的罪责； | (c) To protect children affected by armed conflict, in particular from violations of international humanitarian law and human rights law and to ensure that they receive timely, effective humanitarian assistance, in accordance with the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 194916 and international humanitarian law, and calls upon the international community to hold those responsible for violations accountable, inter alia, through the International Criminal Court; |
(d) 作为优先事项，根据国际人道主义法和人权法采取一切可行措施防止有别于国家武装部队的武装团体招募和利用儿童,包括采取必要的法律措施禁止并按刑事罪论处此类行为； | (d) To take all feasible measures, in accordance with international humanitarian law and human rights law, as a matter of priority, to prevent the recruitment and use of children by armed groups, as distinct from the armed forces of a State, including the adoption of legal measures necessary to prohibit and criminalize such practices; |
30. 欢迎安全理事会通过关于保护受武装冲突影响的儿童问题的 2005 年 7月 26 日第 1612（2005）号决议，以及秘书长为落实该决议要求建立的监测和报告机制作出的努力，这一努力在各级、包括在国家一级得到各国政府和联合国相关行动者及民间社会行动者的参与和合作； | 30. Welcomes the adoption of Security Council resolution 1612 (2005) of 26 July 2005 on the protection of children affected by armed conflict and the efforts of the Secretary-General to implement the monitoring and reporting mechanism called for by that resolution, with the participation of and in cooperation with national Governments and relevant United Nations and civil society actors, including at the country level; |
31. 确认自大会 1996 年 12 月 12 日第 51/77 号决议第 35 至 37 段规定负责儿童与武装冲突问题的秘书长特别代表的任务以来取得的进展，并建议秘书长将特别代表任期再延长三年； | 31. Recognizes the progress achieved since the establishment of the mandate of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict in paragraphs 35 to 37 of General Assembly resolution 51/77 of 12 December 1996, and recommends that the Secretary-General extend the mandate of the Special Representative for a further period of three years; |
32. 忆及曾建议特别代表促进国际合作，以确保儿童权利在武装冲突局势中得到尊重，并协助协调各国政府和联合国相关机构的努力，并请各国政府和联合国相关机构与特别代表合作； | 32. Recalls the recommendation that the Special Representative foster international cooperation to ensure respect for children’s rights in situations of armed conflict and contribute to the coordination of efforts by Governments and relevant United Nations bodies, as well as the request to Governments and relevant United Nations bodies to cooperate with the Special Representative; |
三. 受艾滋病毒/艾滋病影响的儿童 | III. Children affected by HIV/AIDS |
33. 认识到为受艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染和影响的儿童提供的预防、护理、帮助和治疗是有效对策中相辅相成的要素，必须统筹纳入防治艾滋病的综合办法，并重申充分落实所有人的人权和基本自由是全球应对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的一个关键要素，同时重申必须消除对受艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染的人或有受感染危险的人、包括最易受感染者的一切形式的歧视； | 33. Acknowledges that prevention, care, support and the treatment for those infected and affected by HIV/AIDS are mutually reinforcing elements of an effective response and must be integrated in a comprehensive approach to combat the epidemic, reaffirms that the full realization of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all is an essential element in the global response to the HIV/AIDS pandemic, and reaffirms also the importance of the elimination of all forms of discrimination against people living with or at risk of HIV/AIDS, including those most vulnerable; |
34. 吁请各国： | 34. Calls upon States: |
(a) 在 2010 年前，通过教育、青少年生活技能培训和针对儿童的媒体宣传，确保人人都能获取与预防艾滋病毒/艾滋病有关的全面信息，并确保这种信息切合实际、适龄而且及时，使儿童、父母或照料者都参与其发展，承认儿童是变化的动力，使他们能够保护自己，免遭艾滋病毒感染； | (a) To ensure universal access to comprehensive information related to HIV/AIDS prevention by 2010 through education, life skills training for adolescents and the use of child-targeted media and to ensure that this information is relevant, age-appropriate and timely, engaging children, their parents or caregivers in its development and recognizing children as agents of change to enable them to protect themselves from HIV infection; |
(b) 为青少年提供帮助，使他们能够以负责任的态度积极对待性生活，保护自己，免遭艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染，包括为少女提供帮助，使她们能够避免不安全的性行为，同时采取措施，通过提供保健服务等途径，包括性保健和生殖保健，并通过倡导两性平等的预防教育，提高青少年免遭艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染的能力； | (b) To support adolescents to be able to deal positively and responsibly with their sexuality in order to protect themselves from HIV/AIDS infection, including to support adolescent girls’ ability to protect themselves from unsafe sex, and to implement measures to increase the capacity of adolescents to protect themselves from HIV/AIDS, through, inter alia, the provision of health care, including for sexual and reproductive health, and through prevention education that promotes gender equality; |
(c) 制订有关战略、政策和方案，查明并着手处理使人特别易受艾滋病毒感染的因素，以此补充针对危险的不安全性行为、注射毒品等有感染艾滋病毒危险 | (c) To put in place strategies, policies and programmes that identify and begin to address those factors that make individuals particularly vulnerable to HIV infection, in order to complement prevention programmes that address activities which place individuals at risk of HIV infection, such as risky and unsafe sexual behaviour and injecting drug use; |
(d) 确保在艾滋病毒/艾滋病防治工作中特别注意女孩；深切关注肆虐全球的艾滋病毒/艾滋病对妇女和女孩影响特别大，新感染艾滋病毒的人大多是年轻人，不平等的法律、经济和社会地位以及对女孩的暴力行为又使她们更加易受艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染； | (d) To ensure that, in preventing and addressing HIV/AIDS, particular attention is paid to girls, deeply concerned that the global HIV/AIDS pandemic disproportionately affects women and girls, that the majority of new HIV infections occur among young people and that unequal legal, economic and social status and violence against girls increase their vulnerability to HIV/AIDS; |
(e) 采取措施，防止幼儿经母体感染艾滋病毒，包括为孕妇及其侣伴提供基本药品，进行适当的产前、分娩及产后护理，提供自愿辅导和检测，并为母亲提供帮助，例如关于婴儿喂养办法的辅导； | (e) To take measures to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV, including the provision of essential drugs, appropriate antenatal, delivery and post-partum care, voluntary counselling and testing services for pregnant women and their partners and support for mothers, such as counselling on infant feeding options; |
35. 又吁请各国： | 35. Also calls upon States: |
(a) 认识到需要提供方便青少年使用的服务，确保儿童能够全面、平等地获得自愿、免费、保密的辅导、检测和护理，包括获得医治艾滋病及伴生机会感染的价廉、有效的药品，敦促各国同制药业和其他利益有关者一起开发并普遍提供适合儿童的药品和治疗方法； | (a) To ensure full and equal access for children to voluntary, free and confidential counselling, testing and care, including low cost and effective medication for the treatment of AIDS and associated opportunistic infections, recognizing the need for youth-friendly services, and urges States to work with the pharmaceutical industry and other stakeholders to ensure the development and universal availability of child suitable medication and treatments; |
(b) 在国家、区域、国际一级加强伙伴关系和国际合作，为受感染和受影响的儿童提供价格合理、便于使用、随时可得的药品和相关技术；同时认识到许多发展中国家可能不具备有效应对艾滋病毒/艾滋病蔓延的财政资源或人力资源； | (b) To strengthen partnerships and international cooperation at the national, regional and international levels in order to offer infected and affected children medicines and related technology that are affordable, easy to use and readily available, recognizing that many developing countries may not have the financial or human resources capacity to mount an effective response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic; |
(c) 将艾滋病毒及艾滋病治疗和护理的所有方面统筹纳入所有保健工作、方案和服务； | (c) To integrate all aspects of HIV and AIDS treatment and care into all health care, programmes and services; |
36. 还吁请各国采取有效措施，消除儿童或家长因实际上或被认为感染艾滋病毒或患艾滋病而蒙受耻辱和歧视的现象，并确保艾滋病毒或艾滋病感染不妨碍儿童享受所有人权； | 36. Further calls upon States to take effective measures to eliminate stigmatization and discrimination on the basis of HIV or AIDS status, actual or presumed, of the child or parent and to ensure that HIV or AIDS status does not stand in the way of the child’s enjoyment of all human rights; |
37. 吁请各国为受艾滋病毒/艾滋病影响、不能继续同父母一起居住的儿童作出适当安排，让他们能同家族亲戚和社区保持联系，并敦促所有国家签署《联合国保护、护理和支助生活在艾滋病毒和艾滋病世界中的孤儿和易受感染儿童框架》，执行各项关键战略，途径包括通过和执行国家行动计划保护和照料孤儿和易受感染儿童，作为国家综合规划和预算过程的组成部分，同时请捐助者、联合国系统和民间社会支持各国的努力； | 37. Calls upon States to make suitable provision for children affected by HIV/AIDS who can no longer live with their parents to retain links with their wider family and community, urges all States to sign the United Nations Framework for the Protection, Care and Support of Orphans and Vulnerable Children Living in a World with HIV and AIDS and to implement its key strategies, inter alia through adopting and implementing, as an integral part of their comprehensive national planning and budgeting processes, national action plans for the protection and care of orphans and vulnerable children, and requests donors, the United Nations system and civil society to support their efforts; |
38. 敦促各捐助者：(a) 确保全球防治艾滋病、结核病和疟疾基金以及联合国系统各机构工作方案艾滋病毒/艾滋病组成部分和参与防治艾滋病毒/艾滋病的各个方案的资金能得到顺利补充，并注意到防治艾滋病毒/艾滋病的国际筹资不足主要影响到因艾滋病毒/艾滋病而失去双亲或变得易受伤害的儿童；(b) 作出更好的调整，消除重叠现象，提高各方案的效力，并吁请各捐助者和联合国系统推进实施多边机构和国际捐助者艾滋病防治协调全球工作队的建议； | 38. Urges donors: (a) To ensure a successful replenishment of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, as well as the HIV/AIDS component of the work programmes of the United Nations system agencies and programmes engaged in the fight against HIV/AIDS, and notes that a major part of the international HIV and AIDS financing gap relates to children orphaned or made vulnerable by HIV/AIDS; (b) To improve the effectiveness of their programmes through better alignment and elimination of duplication, and calls upon donors and the United Nations system to take forward the recommendations of the Global Task Team on Improving AIDS Coordination among Multilateral Institutions and International Donors; |
后续行动 | Follow-up |
39. 决定： | 39. Decides: |
(a) 请秘书长向大会第六十一届会议提交一份关于儿童权利的报告，介绍《公约》现况和本决议提到的问题； | (a) To request the Secretary-General to submit to the General Assembly at its sixty-first session a report on the rights of the child, containing information on the status of the Convention and the issues contained in the present resolution; |
(b) 请负责儿童与武装冲突问题的秘书长特别代表继续向大会和人权委员会提出报告； | (b) To request the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict to continue to submit reports to the General Assembly and the Commission on Human Rights; |
(c) 请研究暴力侵害儿童行为问题独立专家向大会第六十一届会议提交最后报告； | (c) To request the independent expert conducting the study on violence against children to present his final report to the sixty-first session of the General Assembly; |
(d) 再次请儿童权利委员会主席向大会第六十一届会议口头报告委员会工作情况，以加强大会与委员会的沟通； | (d) To reiterate its invitation to the Chairman of the Committee on the Rights of the Child to present an oral report on the work of the Committee to the General Assembly at its sixty-first session as a way to enhance communication between the Assembly and the Committee; |
(e) 在 2006 年关于艾滋病毒/艾滋病问题的特别会议上，特别注意受艾滋病毒和艾滋病影响的儿童的权利； | (e) To pay particular attention to the rights of children affected by HIV and AIDS at its special session on HIV and AIDS in 2006; |
大 会 Distr.: General | General Assembly Distr.: General |
24 November 2020ChineseOriginal: English(C) 091220 140121 | 24 November 2020 |
(C) 091220 140121 | 20-15865 (E) 080121 |
*2015865* | *2015865* |
第七十五届会议 | Seventy-fifth session |
议程项目 170 | Agenda item 170 |
安全理事会第 1863(2009)号决议引起的活动经费的筹措 | Financing of the activities arising from Security Council resolution 1863 (2009) |
联合国索马里支助办公室 2019 年 7 月 1 日至 2020 年 6 月 30日期间预算执行情况 | Budget performance of the United Nations Support Office in Somalia for the period from 1 July 2019 to 30 June 2020 |
秘书长的报告 | Report of the Secretary-General |
一. 导言 ................................................................................................................................................ 5 | I. Introduction ................................ ................................ ... 4 |
二. 任务执行情况 ................................................................................................................................ 5 | II. Mandate performance ................................ ........................... 4 |
A. 概况........................................................................................................................................ 5 | A. Overall ................................ ................................ ... 4 |
B. 预算执行情况 ........................................................................................................................ 6 | B. Budget implementation................................ ...................... 6 |
C. 特派团支助举措 .................................................................................................................... 12 | C. Mission support initiatives ................................ ................... 12 |
D. 区域特派团合作 .................................................................................................................... 13 | D. Regional mission cooperation ................................ ................ 13 |
E. 伙伴关系、国家工作队协调和综合特派团 ........................................................................ 13 | E. Partnerships, country team coordination and integrated missions ................... 13 |
F. 成果预算编制框架 ................................................................................................................ 14 | F. Results-based budgeting frameworks ................................ .......... 14 |
三. 资源使用情况 ................................................................................................................................ 25 | III. Resource performance................................ ........................... 28 |
A. 财政资源................................................................................................................................ 25 | A. Financial resources ................................ ......................... 28 |
B. 类别间资源调拨信息汇总 .................................................................................................... 26 | B. Summary information on redeployments across groups ........................... 29 |
C. 月支出模式............................................................................................................................ 26 | C. Monthly expenditure pattern ................................ ................. 29 |
D. 其他收入和调整 .................................................................................................................... 27 | D. Other revenue and adjustments ................................ ............... 30 |
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