mihirhirave/entity_extraction_ade_v2_with_validation

text stringlengths 22 455	relations listlengths 1 24
Ampicillin-associated seizures.	[ { "ade": "seizures", "drug": "Ampicillin" } ]
Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome in renal transplanted patients under immunosuppression with tacrolimus.	[ { "ade": "Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome", "drug": "tacrolimus" } ]
Splenic hemorrhage: a complication of tissue plasminogen activator treatment.	[ { "ade": "Splenic hemorrhage", "drug": "tissue plasminogen activator" } ]
Severe hyperkalemia as a complication of timolol, a topically applied beta-adrenergic antagonist.	[ { "ade": "Severe hyperkalemia", "drug": "timolol" } ]
It also highlights a current major etiologic question, that is, whether and to what degree lead exposure contributes to the development of hypertension, and raises the issue of whether lead-induced hypertension constitutes a subset of hypertension that is especially amenable to therapy with dietary calcium.	[ { "ade": "hypertension", "drug": "lead" }, { "ade": "lead-induced hypertension", "drug": "lead" } ]
The other woman had rheumatoid arthritis and developed acute tubular necrosis after treatment with gentamicin and cefoxitin.	[ { "ade": "acute tubular necrosis", "drug": "cefoxitin" }, { "ade": "acute tubular necrosis", "drug": "gentamicin" } ]
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema during intrabiliary infusion of mono-octanoin.	[ { "ade": "Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema", "drug": "mono-octanoin" } ]
Systemic disease, most commonly renal dysfunction, preceded all 30 reported cases of acyclovir neurotoxicity.	[ { "ade": "neurotoxicity", "drug": "acyclovir" } ]
Atrial fibrillation was induced by diltiazem in two patients and verapamil induced syncope in one patient.	[ { "ade": "Atrial fibrillation", "drug": "diltiazem" }, { "ade": "syncope", "drug": "verapamil" } ]
Twenty-four hours after the administration of gemcitabine, a symmetric, bullous, herpetiform eruption appeared on his trunk and upper limbs.	[ { "ade": "symmetric, bullous, herpetiform eruption", "drug": "gemcitabine" } ]
Motor fluctuations appear after 2-3 years of levodopa treatment, and affect at least 50% of patients after five years.	[ { "ade": "Motor fluctuations", "drug": "levodopa" } ]
Anti-tuberculous drugs had been stopped on the 2nd day of therapy due to development of optic neuritis secondary to ethambutol administration at another hospital.	[ { "ade": "optic neuritis", "drug": "ethambutol" } ]
Disseminated salmonellosis in a patient treated with temozolomide.	[ { "ade": "Disseminated salmonellosis", "drug": "temozolomide" } ]
Metabolic acidosis induced by acetazolamide.	[ { "ade": "Metabolic acidosis", "drug": "acetazolamide" } ]
This case suggests that BH-AC, a derivative of cytosine arabinoside (1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine) could be a cause of reversible encephalopathy syndrome.	[ { "ade": "encephalopathy syndrome", "drug": "BH-AC" } ]
We report a case of baclofen withdrawal syndrome resulting from oral baclofen underdosing.	[ { "ade": "withdrawal syndrome", "drug": "baclofen" } ]
Ciprofloxacin-induced hemorrhagic vasculitis.	[ { "ade": "hemorrhagic vasculitis", "drug": "Ciprofloxacin" } ]
DISCUSSION: The occurrence of priapism in our patient was related to zuclopenthixol.	[ { "ade": "priapism", "drug": "zuclopenthixol" } ]
The patient was found to have no motile sperm with a normal sperm count, while taking a dose of 400 mg/day of carbamazepine.	[ { "ade": "no motile sperm", "drug": "carbamazepine" } ]
Can propofol precipitate pancreatitis in patients with Cushing's syndrome?	[ { "ade": "pancreatitis", "drug": "propofol" } ]
The use of rituximab has been uncommonly associated with delayed pulmonary toxicity.	[ { "ade": "delayed pulmonary toxicity", "drug": "rituximab" } ]
We report a case of hyponatremia associated with a grand mal seizure in a 28 month-old child after intra-nasal desmopressin administration for high fluid intake with nocturnal enuresis.	[ { "ade": "hyponatremia", "drug": "desmopressin" }, { "ade": "grand mal seizure", "drug": "desmopressin" } ]
Severe visual loss after a single dose of vincristine in a patient with spinal cord astrocytoma.	[ { "ade": "Severe visual loss", "drug": "vincristine" } ]
Severe osteomalacia was present in two epileptic patients who were under long-term treatment with congeners of phenytoin, phenobarbital, and acetazolamide.	[ { "ade": "Severe osteomalacia", "drug": "acetazolamide" }, { "ade": "Severe osteomalacia", "drug": "phenobarbital" }, { "ade": "Severe osteomalacia", "drug": "phenytoin" } ]
Our experience supports hemodialysis for ESRF patients with atenolol toxicity.	[ { "ade": "atenolol toxicity", "drug": "atenolol" } ]
A 37-year-old woman with relapsing invasive vertebral aspergillosis received intravenous VRC and developed angio-oedema 10 days after starting therapy.	[ { "ade": "angio-oedema", "drug": "VRC" } ]
METHODS: Growth retardation was observed in six severely asthmatic children after introduction of high-dose fluticasone propionate treatment (dry powder).	[ { "ade": "Growth retardation", "drug": "fluticasone propionate" } ]
Charcoal haemoperfusion and cysteamine therapy led to the rapid removal of the paracetamol from the body and consequently prevented the development of severe hepatic necrosis.	[ { "ade": "severe hepatic necrosis", "drug": "paracetamol" } ]
This prompted us to suspect that ddI might be responsible for fulminant hepatitis in all three AIDS patients.	[ { "ade": "fulminant hepatitis", "drug": "ddI" } ]
A 65-year-old female patient presented with jaundice followed 2 days later by severe dyspnea and tachypnea which worsened when patient was lying flat, 1 week after the fourth dose of adalimumab.	[ { "ade": "jaundice", "drug": "adalimumab" }, { "ade": "tachypnea", "drug": "adalimumab" }, { "ade": "severe dyspnea", "drug": "adalimumab" } ]
Metoclopramide-induced parkinsonism.	[ { "ade": "parkinsonism", "drug": "Metoclopramide" } ]
Cataracts induced by intermittent Decadron used as an antiemetic.	[ { "ade": "Cataracts", "drug": "Decadron" } ]
We describe 2 patients with prior amputation who experienced phantom limb pain (PLP) after receiving paclitaxel therapy.	[ { "ade": "phantom limb pain", "drug": "paclitaxel" }, { "ade": "PLP", "drug": "paclitaxel" } ]
Isoniazid associated, painful, bilateral gynaecomastia.	[ { "ade": "bilateral gynaecomastia", "drug": "Isoniazid" } ]
Postoperatively, the first two patients treated with 1 to 2 cc of thrombin were slow to awaken; one had evidence of vasospasm by transcranial Doppler ultrasound studies and multiple infarcts on cranial computerized tomography, while the other had a moderate-sized frontal hematoma with intracranial hypertension.	[ { "ade": "vasospasm", "drug": "thrombin" }, { "ade": "multiple infarcts", "drug": "thrombin" }, { "ade": "slow to awaken", "drug": "thrombin" } ]
Occurrence of withdrawal dyskinesia indicates that the neuroleptic effects of amoxapine may be clinically significant.	[ { "ade": "dyskinesia", "drug": "amoxapine" } ]
Because of a hypersensitivity reaction, initial therapy with penicillin G and gentamicin was stopped and substituted with cefazolin.	[ { "ade": "hypersensitivity reaction", "drug": "gentamicin" }, { "ade": "hypersensitivity reaction", "drug": "penicillin G" } ]
The use of methotrexate (MTX) has been contraindicated for treatment of severe psoriasis in HIV infection on the basis of six previously reported cases in which MTX appeared to potentiate opportunistic infections and accelerate HIV disease.	[ { "ade": "accelerate HIV disease", "drug": "methotrexate" }, { "ade": "accelerate HIV disease", "drug": "MTX" } ]
Following discontinuation of clozapine, she was rechallenged and again was observed to have seizures.	[ { "ade": "seizures", "drug": "clozapine" } ]
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive crescentic glomerulonephritis associated with propylthiouracil therapy.	[ { "ade": "Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive crescentic glomerulonephritis", "drug": "propylthiouracil" } ]
Linear IgA bullous dermatosis occurring after carbamazepine.	[ { "ade": "Linear IgA bullous dermatosis", "drug": "carbamazepine" } ]
Bulbar and pseudobulbar palsy complicating therapy with high-dose cytosine arabinoside in children with leukemia.	[ { "ade": "Bulbar", "drug": "cytosine arabinoside" }, { "ade": "pseudobulbar palsy", "drug": "cytosine arabinoside" } ]
Methotrexate-induced liver cirrhosis.	[ { "ade": "liver cirrhosis", "drug": "Methotrexate" } ]
Cyclophosphamide pneumonitis.	[ { "ade": "pneumonitis", "drug": "Cyclophosphamide" } ]
Sixteen of 33 patients developed significant hyponatremia and hypoosmolality during oral treatment with lorcainide.	[ { "ade": "hypoosmolality", "drug": "lorcainide" }, { "ade": "hyponatremia", "drug": "lorcainide" } ]
Leflunomide-associated infections in rheumatoid arthritis.	[ { "ade": "infections", "drug": "Leflunomide" } ]
A 61-year-old man developed clinical lupus syndrome with positive antinuclear antibody, positive lupus erythematosus (LE) cell preparation, and diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis following 26 months of procainamide therapy.	[ { "ade": "diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis", "drug": "procainamide" }, { "ade": "clinical lupus syndrome", "drug": "procainamide" }, { "ade": "lupus erythematosus", "drug": "procainamide" } ]
However, one patient exhibited severe hypersensitivity reactions including cardiac arrest and apnea, and another four patients developed eruptions, hypotension, and tachycardia soon after administration of CBDCA.	[ { "ade": "tachycardia", "drug": "CBDCA" }, { "ade": "eruptions", "drug": "CBDCA" }, { "ade": "apnea", "drug": "CBDCA" }, { "ade": "severe hypersensitivity reactions", "drug": "CBDCA" }, { "ade": "cardiac arrest", "drug": "CBDCA" }, { "ade": "hypotension", "drug": "CBDCA" } ]
Cutaneous reactions to propylthiouracil and methimazole occur in 3%-5% of adults.	[ { "ade": "Cutaneous reactions", "drug": "methimazole" }, { "ade": "Cutaneous reactions", "drug": "propylthiouracil" } ]
The authors present a case of t-AML that developed in a child with metastatic neuroblastoma 18 months after he received oral etoposide, given for palliation purpose.	[ { "ade": "t-AML", "drug": "etoposide" } ]
After 5 days of treatment with IL-2, the patient developed a hemorrhagic lesion that progressed to toxic epidermal necrolysis, as well as grade 4 pancytopenia.	[ { "ade": "toxic epidermal necrolysis", "drug": "IL-2" }, { "ade": "hemorrhagic lesion", "drug": "IL-2" }, { "ade": "pancytopenia", "drug": "IL-2" } ]
Clinicians should be aware of fasting hypoglycemia as an unusual but potentially serious complication of disopyramide therapy.	[ { "ade": "fasting hypoglycemia", "drug": "disopyramide" } ]
CASE: A malignant mixed mesodermal tumor was diagnosed in a 64-year-old woman with a bicornuate uterus while she was taking raloxifene for osteoporosis prevention.	[ { "ade": "malignant mixed mesodermal tumor", "drug": "raloxifene" } ]
The medical examiner's report indicated death caused by fluoxetine toxicity.	[ { "ade": "death", "drug": "fluoxetine" }, { "ade": "fluoxetine toxicity", "drug": "fluoxetine" } ]
A cause-effect relationship to capecitabine was suggested due to resolution of headache with capecitabine withdrawal and reappearance with capecitabine rechallenge.	[ { "ade": "headache", "drug": "capecitabine" } ]
Ceftriaxone-induced fixed drug eruption: first report.	[ { "ade": "fixed drug eruption", "drug": "Ceftriaxone" } ]
We describe a case of needle-track cutaneous seeding of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after sonographically guided percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI).	[ { "ade": "cutaneous seeding", "drug": "ethanol injection" } ]
PURPOSE: To report a case of bilateral anterior uveitis associated with ovulation induction therapy using clomiphene citrate.	[ { "ade": "bilateral anterior uveitis", "drug": "clomiphene citrate" } ]
Massive plasmocytosis due to methimazole-induced bone marrow toxicity.	[ { "ade": "Massive plasmocytosis", "drug": "methimazole" }, { "ade": "bone marrow toxicity", "drug": "methimazole" } ]
It was restarted 6 weeks later, and 10 weeks after that, the patient presented with fulminant hepatic failure, which resolved rapidly after cessation of nicotinic acid therapy.	[ { "ade": "fulminant hepatic failure", "drug": "nicotinic acid" } ]
We report a case of exfoliative dermatitis clearly linked to intravenous and intraperitoneal administration of tobramycin.	[ { "ade": "exfoliative dermatitis", "drug": "tobramycin" } ]
Asthma and urticaria during disodium cromoglycate treatment.	[ { "ade": "urticaria", "drug": "disodium cromoglycate" }, { "ade": "Asthma", "drug": "disodium cromoglycate" } ]
We present a case of respiratory failure occurring in a woman at 16 weeks' gestation who was being treated with nitrofurantoin for a urinary tract infection.	[ { "ade": "respiratory failure", "drug": "nitrofurantoin" } ]
Fatal lung fibrosis caused by paclitaxel toxicity has not been reported In this report, we describe the case of a 62-year-old woman who received six cycles of paclitaxel and carboplatin as combination chemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer.	[ { "ade": "Fatal lung fibrosis", "drug": "carboplatin" }, { "ade": "Fatal lung fibrosis", "drug": "paclitaxel" } ]
Despite the low dosage of warfarin, international normalized ratio (INR) was markedly elevated from 1.15 to 11.28 for only 4 days, and bleeding symptoms concurrently developed.	[ { "ade": "bleeding symptoms", "drug": "warfarin" } ]
Rifampin (RFP) increases hepatic microsomal enzyme activity, and there are case reports of RFP-induced hypothyroidism, all associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.	[ { "ade": "hypothyroidism", "drug": "Rifampin" }, { "ade": "Hashimoto's thyroiditis", "drug": "Rifampin" }, { "ade": "hypothyroidism", "drug": "RFP" }, { "ade": "Hashimoto's thyroiditis", "drug": "RFP" } ]
The fever abated promptly following discontinuation of acyclovir, and radiographic abnormalities resolved over ten days.	[ { "ade": "fever", "drug": "acyclovir" } ]
Clofazimine enteropathy in a pediatric bone marrow transplant recipient.	[ { "ade": "enteropathy", "drug": "Clofazimine" } ]
PURPOSE: Topiramate-induced angle-closure glaucoma (TiACG) is believed to be related to its sulfonamide moiety.	[ { "ade": "angle-closure glaucoma", "drug": "Topiramate" } ]
CONCLUSION: In some abstainers who take cyanamide for several years, thin septum-like liver fibrosis progresses along with the emergence of ground-glass hepatocytes.	[ { "ade": "ground-glass hepatocytes", "drug": "cyanamide" }, { "ade": "septum-like liver fibrosis", "drug": "cyanamide" } ]
This is a rare case of ARDS associated with lithium intoxication.	[ { "ade": "ARDS", "drug": "lithium" } ]
In patients with swallowing dysfunction and pneumonia, a history of mineral oil use should be obtained and a diagnosis of ELP should be considered in the differential diagnoses if mineral oil use has occurred.	[ { "ade": "ELP", "drug": "mineral oil" }, { "ade": "pneumonia", "drug": "mineral oil" }, { "ade": "swallowing dysfunction", "drug": "mineral oil" } ]
A 66-year-old mand suffering from severe coronary heart disease took digoxin with suicidal intent an was treated for the ensuing complete atrioventricular block with digoxin-specific antibody fragments.	[ { "ade": "complete atrioventricular block", "drug": "digoxin" } ]
Proliferation of abnormal bone marrow histiocytes, an undesired effect of granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor therapy in a patient with Hurler's syndrome undergoing bone marrow transplantation.	[ { "ade": "Proliferation of abnormal bone marrow histiocytes", "drug": "granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor" } ]
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of cutaneous and hematologic toxicity in a patient treated with IL-2.	[ { "ade": "cutaneous and hematologic toxicity", "drug": "IL-2" } ]
The fourth patient showed RLS symptoms that were initially caused by a 20-mg daily olanzapine dosage and were later mitigated when olanzapine was reduced and ropinirole was administered.	[ { "ade": "RLS symptoms", "drug": "olanzapine" } ]
We report on a 56-year-old female who exhibited drug refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, in which marked prolongation of the QT interval and T wave inversion on electrocardiogram was demonstrated reproducibly shortly after the administration of oral pirmenol therapy.	[ { "ade": "T wave inversion", "drug": "pirmenol" }, { "ade": "prolongation of the QT interval", "drug": "pirmenol" } ]
Six days after starting acyclovir she exhibited signs of lithium toxicity.	[ { "ade": "lithium toxicity", "drug": "lithium" }, { "ade": "lithium toxicity", "drug": "acyclovir" } ]
Case 3: A 29-year-old female alcoholic complained of general fatigue and a slight fever after 1.5 years of abstinence with cyanamide treatment.	[ { "ade": "fever", "drug": "cyanamide" }, { "ade": "fatigue", "drug": "cyanamide" } ]
We describe 2 children with cerebral palsy who suffered significant morbidity immediately after treatment with hyperbaric oxygen.	[ { "ade": "morbidity", "drug": "hyperbaric oxygen" } ]
Development of persistent late onset asthma following treatment with captopril.	[ { "ade": "persistent late onset asthma", "drug": "captopril" } ]
CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware that Crohn's disease is a potential novel adverse drug effect of Copaxone.	[ { "ade": "Crohn's disease", "drug": "Copaxone" } ]
CONCLUSIONS: This observation of "on-off" risperidone treatment suggests that risperidone may have worsened both psychiatric and physical manifestations of the mitochondrial disorder in this adolescent.	[ { "ade": "psychiatric and physical manifestations", "drug": "risperidone" } ]
Following several of these courses of therapy, respiratory distress occurred 9 to 12 days after the chlorambucil was given.	[ { "ade": "respiratory distress", "drug": "chlorambucil" } ]
She continued to receive regular insulin 4 times per day over the following 3 years with only occasional hives.	[ { "ade": "hives", "drug": "insulin" } ]
Despite the underlying hepatitis C, this case represents renal abnormalities consistent with IFNalpha therapy for CML.	[ { "ade": "renal abnormalities", "drug": "IFNalpha" } ]
We present a neonate with a seizure disorder who acutely developed pupillary mydriasis secondary to lidocaine overdose.	[ { "ade": "pupillary mydriasis", "drug": "lidocaine" } ]
CONCLUSIONS: Acute severe hepatitis though rare is occasionally observed with EGFR inhibitors gefitinib or erlotinib.	[ { "ade": "Acute severe hepatitis", "drug": "gefitinib" }, { "ade": "Acute severe hepatitis", "drug": "erlotinib" } ]
A case of a 53-year-old man who developed acute pneumonitis after bleomycin and moderate oxygen administration is presented.	[ { "ade": "acute pneumonitis", "drug": "oxygen" }, { "ade": "acute pneumonitis", "drug": "bleomycin" } ]
A few recent individual case reports have suggested that a myasthenic syndrome may be associated with statin treatment, but this association is not well described.	[ { "ade": "myasthenic syndrome", "drug": "statin" } ]
A 50-year-old diabetic and hypertensive male patient is reported who had ticlopidine-induced marrow aplasia partially responsive to colony-stimulating factors and corticosteroids, but experienced complete recovery with cyclosporine.	[ { "ade": "marrow aplasia", "drug": "ticlopidine" } ]
Although a few case reports link metronidazole with the development of pseudomembranous colitis, albendazole has not been associated with the development of this condition.	[ { "ade": "pseudomembranous colitis", "drug": "metronidazole" } ]
CONCLUSION: We report a case of the use of pamidronate for significant hypercalcemia secondary to acute vitamin D poisoning.	[ { "ade": "hypercalcemia", "drug": "vitamin D" }, { "ade": "acute vitamin D poisoning", "drug": "vitamin D" } ]
We present the case of a postictal patient with lethargy, hyperammonemia, otherwise normal liver function tests, and a therapeutic valproic acid level.	[ { "ade": "lethargy", "drug": "valproic acid" }, { "ade": "hyperammonemia", "drug": "valproic acid" } ]
We report marked QT prolongation and torsades de pointes in a setting of flash pulmonary edema resulting from acute myocardial ischemia in a patient who was being treated with dofetilide for atrial fibrillation.	[ { "ade": "QT prolongation", "drug": "dofetilide" }, { "ade": "flash pulmonary edema", "drug": "dofetilide" }, { "ade": "acute myocardial ischemia", "drug": "dofetilide" }, { "ade": "torsades de pointes", "drug": "dofetilide" } ]
We report two cases of fulminant hepatic failure in HIV-1-infected patients treated with didanosine (ddI).	[ { "ade": "fulminant hepatic failure", "drug": "ddI" }, { "ade": "fulminant hepatic failure", "drug": "didanosine" } ]
We presented a patient with status asthmaticus treated with a combination of theophylline and prednisone who developed a perforated gastric ulcer.	[ { "ade": "perforated gastric ulcer", "drug": "prednisone" }, { "ade": "perforated gastric ulcer", "drug": "theophylline" } ]
A patient presented with dilated cardiomyopathy after many years of overusing an adrenaline inhaler.	[ { "ade": "dilated cardiomyopathy", "drug": "adrenaline" } ]
Fatal agranulocytosis in an Indian male receiving 100mg of dapsone daily, hospitalized for mid-borderline leprosy in type I reaction with triple nerve paralysis is reported.	[ { "ade": "Fatal agranulocytosis", "drug": "dapsone" } ]
BACKGROUND: Headaches have been reported as a potential side effect of capecitabine therapy.	[ { "ade": "Headaches", "drug": "capecitabine" } ]

Ampicillin-associated seizures.

[ { "ade": "seizures", "drug": "Ampicillin" } ]

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome in renal transplanted patients under immunosuppression with tacrolimus.

[ { "ade": "Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome", "drug": "tacrolimus" } ]

Splenic hemorrhage: a complication of tissue plasminogen activator treatment.

[ { "ade": "Splenic hemorrhage", "drug": "tissue plasminogen activator" } ]

Severe hyperkalemia as a complication of timolol, a topically applied beta-adrenergic antagonist.

[ { "ade": "Severe hyperkalemia", "drug": "timolol" } ]

It also highlights a current major etiologic question, that is, whether and to what degree lead exposure contributes to the development of hypertension, and raises the issue of whether lead-induced hypertension constitutes a subset of hypertension that is especially amenable to therapy with dietary calcium.

[ { "ade": "hypertension", "drug": "lead" }, { "ade": "lead-induced hypertension", "drug": "lead" } ]

The other woman had rheumatoid arthritis and developed acute tubular necrosis after treatment with gentamicin and cefoxitin.

[ { "ade": "acute tubular necrosis", "drug": "cefoxitin" }, { "ade": "acute tubular necrosis", "drug": "gentamicin" } ]

Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema during intrabiliary infusion of mono-octanoin.

[ { "ade": "Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema", "drug": "mono-octanoin" } ]

Systemic disease, most commonly renal dysfunction, preceded all 30 reported cases of acyclovir neurotoxicity.

[ { "ade": "neurotoxicity", "drug": "acyclovir" } ]

Atrial fibrillation was induced by diltiazem in two patients and verapamil induced syncope in one patient.

[ { "ade": "Atrial fibrillation", "drug": "diltiazem" }, { "ade": "syncope", "drug": "verapamil" } ]

Twenty-four hours after the administration of gemcitabine, a symmetric, bullous, herpetiform eruption appeared on his trunk and upper limbs.

[ { "ade": "symmetric, bullous, herpetiform eruption", "drug": "gemcitabine" } ]

Motor fluctuations appear after 2-3 years of levodopa treatment, and affect at least 50% of patients after five years.

[ { "ade": "Motor fluctuations", "drug": "levodopa" } ]

Anti-tuberculous drugs had been stopped on the 2nd day of therapy due to development of optic neuritis secondary to ethambutol administration at another hospital.

[ { "ade": "optic neuritis", "drug": "ethambutol" } ]

Disseminated salmonellosis in a patient treated with temozolomide.

[ { "ade": "Disseminated salmonellosis", "drug": "temozolomide" } ]

Metabolic acidosis induced by acetazolamide.

[ { "ade": "Metabolic acidosis", "drug": "acetazolamide" } ]

This case suggests that BH-AC, a derivative of cytosine arabinoside (1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine) could be a cause of reversible encephalopathy syndrome.

[ { "ade": "encephalopathy syndrome", "drug": "BH-AC" } ]

We report a case of baclofen withdrawal syndrome resulting from oral baclofen underdosing.

[ { "ade": "withdrawal syndrome", "drug": "baclofen" } ]

Ciprofloxacin-induced hemorrhagic vasculitis.

[ { "ade": "hemorrhagic vasculitis", "drug": "Ciprofloxacin" } ]

DISCUSSION: The occurrence of priapism in our patient was related to zuclopenthixol.

[ { "ade": "priapism", "drug": "zuclopenthixol" } ]

The patient was found to have no motile sperm with a normal sperm count, while taking a dose of 400 mg/day of carbamazepine.

[ { "ade": "no motile sperm", "drug": "carbamazepine" } ]

Can propofol precipitate pancreatitis in patients with Cushing's syndrome?

[ { "ade": "pancreatitis", "drug": "propofol" } ]

The use of rituximab has been uncommonly associated with delayed pulmonary toxicity.

[ { "ade": "delayed pulmonary toxicity", "drug": "rituximab" } ]

We report a case of hyponatremia associated with a grand mal seizure in a 28 month-old child after intra-nasal desmopressin administration for high fluid intake with nocturnal enuresis.

[ { "ade": "hyponatremia", "drug": "desmopressin" }, { "ade": "grand mal seizure", "drug": "desmopressin" } ]

Severe visual loss after a single dose of vincristine in a patient with spinal cord astrocytoma.

[ { "ade": "Severe visual loss", "drug": "vincristine" } ]

Severe osteomalacia was present in two epileptic patients who were under long-term treatment with congeners of phenytoin, phenobarbital, and acetazolamide.

[ { "ade": "Severe osteomalacia", "drug": "acetazolamide" }, { "ade": "Severe osteomalacia", "drug": "phenobarbital" }, { "ade": "Severe osteomalacia", "drug": "phenytoin" } ]

Our experience supports hemodialysis for ESRF patients with atenolol toxicity.

[ { "ade": "atenolol toxicity", "drug": "atenolol" } ]

A 37-year-old woman with relapsing invasive vertebral aspergillosis received intravenous VRC and developed angio-oedema 10 days after starting therapy.

[ { "ade": "angio-oedema", "drug": "VRC" } ]

METHODS: Growth retardation was observed in six severely asthmatic children after introduction of high-dose fluticasone propionate treatment (dry powder).

[ { "ade": "Growth retardation", "drug": "fluticasone propionate" } ]

Charcoal haemoperfusion and cysteamine therapy led to the rapid removal of the paracetamol from the body and consequently prevented the development of severe hepatic necrosis.

[ { "ade": "severe hepatic necrosis", "drug": "paracetamol" } ]

This prompted us to suspect that ddI might be responsible for fulminant hepatitis in all three AIDS patients.

[ { "ade": "fulminant hepatitis", "drug": "ddI" } ]

A 65-year-old female patient presented with jaundice followed 2 days later by severe dyspnea and tachypnea which worsened when patient was lying flat, 1 week after the fourth dose of adalimumab.

[ { "ade": "jaundice", "drug": "adalimumab" }, { "ade": "tachypnea", "drug": "adalimumab" }, { "ade": "severe dyspnea", "drug": "adalimumab" } ]

Metoclopramide-induced parkinsonism.

[ { "ade": "parkinsonism", "drug": "Metoclopramide" } ]

Cataracts induced by intermittent Decadron used as an antiemetic.

[ { "ade": "Cataracts", "drug": "Decadron" } ]

We describe 2 patients with prior amputation who experienced phantom limb pain (PLP) after receiving paclitaxel therapy.

[ { "ade": "phantom limb pain", "drug": "paclitaxel" }, { "ade": "PLP", "drug": "paclitaxel" } ]

Isoniazid associated, painful, bilateral gynaecomastia.

[ { "ade": "bilateral gynaecomastia", "drug": "Isoniazid" } ]

Postoperatively, the first two patients treated with 1 to 2 cc of thrombin were slow to awaken; one had evidence of vasospasm by transcranial Doppler ultrasound studies and multiple infarcts on cranial computerized tomography, while the other had a moderate-sized frontal hematoma with intracranial hypertension.

[ { "ade": "vasospasm", "drug": "thrombin" }, { "ade": "multiple infarcts", "drug": "thrombin" }, { "ade": "slow to awaken", "drug": "thrombin" } ]

Occurrence of withdrawal dyskinesia indicates that the neuroleptic effects of amoxapine may be clinically significant.

[ { "ade": "dyskinesia", "drug": "amoxapine" } ]

Because of a hypersensitivity reaction, initial therapy with penicillin G and gentamicin was stopped and substituted with cefazolin.

[ { "ade": "hypersensitivity reaction", "drug": "gentamicin" }, { "ade": "hypersensitivity reaction", "drug": "penicillin G" } ]

The use of methotrexate (MTX) has been contraindicated for treatment of severe psoriasis in HIV infection on the basis of six previously reported cases in which MTX appeared to potentiate opportunistic infections and accelerate HIV disease.

[ { "ade": "accelerate HIV disease", "drug": "methotrexate" }, { "ade": "accelerate HIV disease", "drug": "MTX" } ]

Following discontinuation of clozapine, she was rechallenged and again was observed to have seizures.

[ { "ade": "seizures", "drug": "clozapine" } ]

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive crescentic glomerulonephritis associated with propylthiouracil therapy.

[ { "ade": "Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive crescentic glomerulonephritis", "drug": "propylthiouracil" } ]

Linear IgA bullous dermatosis occurring after carbamazepine.

[ { "ade": "Linear IgA bullous dermatosis", "drug": "carbamazepine" } ]

Bulbar and pseudobulbar palsy complicating therapy with high-dose cytosine arabinoside in children with leukemia.

[ { "ade": "Bulbar", "drug": "cytosine arabinoside" }, { "ade": "pseudobulbar palsy", "drug": "cytosine arabinoside" } ]

Methotrexate-induced liver cirrhosis.

[ { "ade": "liver cirrhosis", "drug": "Methotrexate" } ]

Cyclophosphamide pneumonitis.

[ { "ade": "pneumonitis", "drug": "Cyclophosphamide" } ]

Sixteen of 33 patients developed significant hyponatremia and hypoosmolality during oral treatment with lorcainide.

[ { "ade": "hypoosmolality", "drug": "lorcainide" }, { "ade": "hyponatremia", "drug": "lorcainide" } ]

Leflunomide-associated infections in rheumatoid arthritis.

[ { "ade": "infections", "drug": "Leflunomide" } ]

A 61-year-old man developed clinical lupus syndrome with positive antinuclear antibody, positive lupus erythematosus (LE) cell preparation, and diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis following 26 months of procainamide therapy.

[ { "ade": "diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis", "drug": "procainamide" }, { "ade": "clinical lupus syndrome", "drug": "procainamide" }, { "ade": "lupus erythematosus", "drug": "procainamide" } ]

However, one patient exhibited severe hypersensitivity reactions including cardiac arrest and apnea, and another four patients developed eruptions, hypotension, and tachycardia soon after administration of CBDCA.

[ { "ade": "tachycardia", "drug": "CBDCA" }, { "ade": "eruptions", "drug": "CBDCA" }, { "ade": "apnea", "drug": "CBDCA" }, { "ade": "severe hypersensitivity reactions", "drug": "CBDCA" }, { "ade": "cardiac arrest", "drug": "CBDCA" }, { "ade": "hypotension", "drug": "CBDCA" } ]

Cutaneous reactions to propylthiouracil and methimazole occur in 3%-5% of adults.

[ { "ade": "Cutaneous reactions", "drug": "methimazole" }, { "ade": "Cutaneous reactions", "drug": "propylthiouracil" } ]

The authors present a case of t-AML that developed in a child with metastatic neuroblastoma 18 months after he received oral etoposide, given for palliation purpose.

[ { "ade": "t-AML", "drug": "etoposide" } ]

After 5 days of treatment with IL-2, the patient developed a hemorrhagic lesion that progressed to toxic epidermal necrolysis, as well as grade 4 pancytopenia.

[ { "ade": "toxic epidermal necrolysis", "drug": "IL-2" }, { "ade": "hemorrhagic lesion", "drug": "IL-2" }, { "ade": "pancytopenia", "drug": "IL-2" } ]

Clinicians should be aware of fasting hypoglycemia as an unusual but potentially serious complication of disopyramide therapy.

[ { "ade": "fasting hypoglycemia", "drug": "disopyramide" } ]

CASE: A malignant mixed mesodermal tumor was diagnosed in a 64-year-old woman with a bicornuate uterus while she was taking raloxifene for osteoporosis prevention.

[ { "ade": "malignant mixed mesodermal tumor", "drug": "raloxifene" } ]

The medical examiner's report indicated death caused by fluoxetine toxicity.

[ { "ade": "death", "drug": "fluoxetine" }, { "ade": "fluoxetine toxicity", "drug": "fluoxetine" } ]

A cause-effect relationship to capecitabine was suggested due to resolution of headache with capecitabine withdrawal and reappearance with capecitabine rechallenge.

[ { "ade": "headache", "drug": "capecitabine" } ]

Ceftriaxone-induced fixed drug eruption: first report.

[ { "ade": "fixed drug eruption", "drug": "Ceftriaxone" } ]

We describe a case of needle-track cutaneous seeding of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after sonographically guided percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI).

[ { "ade": "cutaneous seeding", "drug": "ethanol injection" } ]

PURPOSE: To report a case of bilateral anterior uveitis associated with ovulation induction therapy using clomiphene citrate.

[ { "ade": "bilateral anterior uveitis", "drug": "clomiphene citrate" } ]

Massive plasmocytosis due to methimazole-induced bone marrow toxicity.

[ { "ade": "Massive plasmocytosis", "drug": "methimazole" }, { "ade": "bone marrow toxicity", "drug": "methimazole" } ]

It was restarted 6 weeks later, and 10 weeks after that, the patient presented with fulminant hepatic failure, which resolved rapidly after cessation of nicotinic acid therapy.

[ { "ade": "fulminant hepatic failure", "drug": "nicotinic acid" } ]

We report a case of exfoliative dermatitis clearly linked to intravenous and intraperitoneal administration of tobramycin.

[ { "ade": "exfoliative dermatitis", "drug": "tobramycin" } ]

Asthma and urticaria during disodium cromoglycate treatment.

[ { "ade": "urticaria", "drug": "disodium cromoglycate" }, { "ade": "Asthma", "drug": "disodium cromoglycate" } ]

We present a case of respiratory failure occurring in a woman at 16 weeks' gestation who was being treated with nitrofurantoin for a urinary tract infection.

[ { "ade": "respiratory failure", "drug": "nitrofurantoin" } ]

Fatal lung fibrosis caused by paclitaxel toxicity has not been reported In this report, we describe the case of a 62-year-old woman who received six cycles of paclitaxel and carboplatin as combination chemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer.

[ { "ade": "Fatal lung fibrosis", "drug": "carboplatin" }, { "ade": "Fatal lung fibrosis", "drug": "paclitaxel" } ]

Despite the low dosage of warfarin, international normalized ratio (INR) was markedly elevated from 1.15 to 11.28 for only 4 days, and bleeding symptoms concurrently developed.

[ { "ade": "bleeding symptoms", "drug": "warfarin" } ]

Rifampin (RFP) increases hepatic microsomal enzyme activity, and there are case reports of RFP-induced hypothyroidism, all associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

[ { "ade": "hypothyroidism", "drug": "Rifampin" }, { "ade": "Hashimoto's thyroiditis", "drug": "Rifampin" }, { "ade": "hypothyroidism", "drug": "RFP" }, { "ade": "Hashimoto's thyroiditis", "drug": "RFP" } ]

The fever abated promptly following discontinuation of acyclovir, and radiographic abnormalities resolved over ten days.

[ { "ade": "fever", "drug": "acyclovir" } ]

Clofazimine enteropathy in a pediatric bone marrow transplant recipient.

[ { "ade": "enteropathy", "drug": "Clofazimine" } ]

PURPOSE: Topiramate-induced angle-closure glaucoma (TiACG) is believed to be related to its sulfonamide moiety.

[ { "ade": "angle-closure glaucoma", "drug": "Topiramate" } ]

CONCLUSION: In some abstainers who take cyanamide for several years, thin septum-like liver fibrosis progresses along with the emergence of ground-glass hepatocytes.

[ { "ade": "ground-glass hepatocytes", "drug": "cyanamide" }, { "ade": "septum-like liver fibrosis", "drug": "cyanamide" } ]

This is a rare case of ARDS associated with lithium intoxication.

[ { "ade": "ARDS", "drug": "lithium" } ]

In patients with swallowing dysfunction and pneumonia, a history of mineral oil use should be obtained and a diagnosis of ELP should be considered in the differential diagnoses if mineral oil use has occurred.

[ { "ade": "ELP", "drug": "mineral oil" }, { "ade": "pneumonia", "drug": "mineral oil" }, { "ade": "swallowing dysfunction", "drug": "mineral oil" } ]

A 66-year-old mand suffering from severe coronary heart disease took digoxin with suicidal intent an was treated for the ensuing complete atrioventricular block with digoxin-specific antibody fragments.

[ { "ade": "complete atrioventricular block", "drug": "digoxin" } ]

Proliferation of abnormal bone marrow histiocytes, an undesired effect of granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor therapy in a patient with Hurler's syndrome undergoing bone marrow transplantation.

[ { "ade": "Proliferation of abnormal bone marrow histiocytes", "drug": "granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor" } ]

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of cutaneous and hematologic toxicity in a patient treated with IL-2.

[ { "ade": "cutaneous and hematologic toxicity", "drug": "IL-2" } ]

The fourth patient showed RLS symptoms that were initially caused by a 20-mg daily olanzapine dosage and were later mitigated when olanzapine was reduced and ropinirole was administered.

[ { "ade": "RLS symptoms", "drug": "olanzapine" } ]

We report on a 56-year-old female who exhibited drug refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, in which marked prolongation of the QT interval and T wave inversion on electrocardiogram was demonstrated reproducibly shortly after the administration of oral pirmenol therapy.

[ { "ade": "T wave inversion", "drug": "pirmenol" }, { "ade": "prolongation of the QT interval", "drug": "pirmenol" } ]

Six days after starting acyclovir she exhibited signs of lithium toxicity.

[ { "ade": "lithium toxicity", "drug": "lithium" }, { "ade": "lithium toxicity", "drug": "acyclovir" } ]

Case 3: A 29-year-old female alcoholic complained of general fatigue and a slight fever after 1.5 years of abstinence with cyanamide treatment.

[ { "ade": "fever", "drug": "cyanamide" }, { "ade": "fatigue", "drug": "cyanamide" } ]

We describe 2 children with cerebral palsy who suffered significant morbidity immediately after treatment with hyperbaric oxygen.

[ { "ade": "morbidity", "drug": "hyperbaric oxygen" } ]

Development of persistent late onset asthma following treatment with captopril.

[ { "ade": "persistent late onset asthma", "drug": "captopril" } ]

CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware that Crohn's disease is a potential novel adverse drug effect of Copaxone.

[ { "ade": "Crohn's disease", "drug": "Copaxone" } ]

CONCLUSIONS: This observation of "on-off" risperidone treatment suggests that risperidone may have worsened both psychiatric and physical manifestations of the mitochondrial disorder in this adolescent.

[ { "ade": "psychiatric and physical manifestations", "drug": "risperidone" } ]

Following several of these courses of therapy, respiratory distress occurred 9 to 12 days after the chlorambucil was given.

[ { "ade": "respiratory distress", "drug": "chlorambucil" } ]

She continued to receive regular insulin 4 times per day over the following 3 years with only occasional hives.

[ { "ade": "hives", "drug": "insulin" } ]

Despite the underlying hepatitis C, this case represents renal abnormalities consistent with IFNalpha therapy for CML.

[ { "ade": "renal abnormalities", "drug": "IFNalpha" } ]

We present a neonate with a seizure disorder who acutely developed pupillary mydriasis secondary to lidocaine overdose.

[ { "ade": "pupillary mydriasis", "drug": "lidocaine" } ]

CONCLUSIONS: Acute severe hepatitis though rare is occasionally observed with EGFR inhibitors gefitinib or erlotinib.

[ { "ade": "Acute severe hepatitis", "drug": "gefitinib" }, { "ade": "Acute severe hepatitis", "drug": "erlotinib" } ]

A case of a 53-year-old man who developed acute pneumonitis after bleomycin and moderate oxygen administration is presented.

[ { "ade": "acute pneumonitis", "drug": "oxygen" }, { "ade": "acute pneumonitis", "drug": "bleomycin" } ]

A few recent individual case reports have suggested that a myasthenic syndrome may be associated with statin treatment, but this association is not well described.

[ { "ade": "myasthenic syndrome", "drug": "statin" } ]

A 50-year-old diabetic and hypertensive male patient is reported who had ticlopidine-induced marrow aplasia partially responsive to colony-stimulating factors and corticosteroids, but experienced complete recovery with cyclosporine.

[ { "ade": "marrow aplasia", "drug": "ticlopidine" } ]

Although a few case reports link metronidazole with the development of pseudomembranous colitis, albendazole has not been associated with the development of this condition.

[ { "ade": "pseudomembranous colitis", "drug": "metronidazole" } ]

CONCLUSION: We report a case of the use of pamidronate for significant hypercalcemia secondary to acute vitamin D poisoning.

[ { "ade": "hypercalcemia", "drug": "vitamin D" }, { "ade": "acute vitamin D poisoning", "drug": "vitamin D" } ]

We present the case of a postictal patient with lethargy, hyperammonemia, otherwise normal liver function tests, and a therapeutic valproic acid level.

[ { "ade": "lethargy", "drug": "valproic acid" }, { "ade": "hyperammonemia", "drug": "valproic acid" } ]

We report marked QT prolongation and torsades de pointes in a setting of flash pulmonary edema resulting from acute myocardial ischemia in a patient who was being treated with dofetilide for atrial fibrillation.

[ { "ade": "QT prolongation", "drug": "dofetilide" }, { "ade": "flash pulmonary edema", "drug": "dofetilide" }, { "ade": "acute myocardial ischemia", "drug": "dofetilide" }, { "ade": "torsades de pointes", "drug": "dofetilide" } ]

We report two cases of fulminant hepatic failure in HIV-1-infected patients treated with didanosine (ddI).

[ { "ade": "fulminant hepatic failure", "drug": "ddI" }, { "ade": "fulminant hepatic failure", "drug": "didanosine" } ]

We presented a patient with status asthmaticus treated with a combination of theophylline and prednisone who developed a perforated gastric ulcer.

[ { "ade": "perforated gastric ulcer", "drug": "prednisone" }, { "ade": "perforated gastric ulcer", "drug": "theophylline" } ]

A patient presented with dilated cardiomyopathy after many years of overusing an adrenaline inhaler.

[ { "ade": "dilated cardiomyopathy", "drug": "adrenaline" } ]

Fatal agranulocytosis in an Indian male receiving 100mg of dapsone daily, hospitalized for mid-borderline leprosy in type I reaction with triple nerve paralysis is reported.

[ { "ade": "Fatal agranulocytosis", "drug": "dapsone" } ]

BACKGROUND: Headaches have been reported as a potential side effect of capecitabine therapy.

[ { "ade": "Headaches", "drug": "capecitabine" } ]