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msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11064692#2_11545277 | Title: Maybe (The Chantels song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe (The Chantels song)
Maybe (The Chantels song)
References
External links
Content: It was also included in Robert Christgau 's "Basic Record Library" of 1950s and 1960s recordings, published in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies (1981). The song has been covered by many artists, including Janis Joplin, The Three Degrees (whose 1970 version became a top thirty hit) and The Shangri-Las. John Frusciante of the Red Hot Chili Peppers has performed the song in concert, as seen on Live at Slane Castle. Most recently, it has been covered by the Korean girl trio, The Barberettes. The song made an appearance in the 2010 video game Mafia II, even though the game takes place in 1951 and the song was recorded in 1957. Billboard named the song No. 60 on its list of 100 Greatest Girl Group Songs of All Time. References
^ a b "Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time". Rolling Stone. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_(The_Chantels_song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11064692#3_11546425 | Title: Maybe (The Chantels song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe (The Chantels song)
Maybe (The Chantels song)
References
External links
Content: The song made an appearance in the 2010 video game Mafia II, even though the game takes place in 1951 and the song was recorded in 1957. Billboard named the song No. 60 on its list of 100 Greatest Girl Group Songs of All Time. References
^ a b "Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time". Rolling Stone. April 2010. ^ "Maybe – The Chantels – Song Info - AllMusic". AllMusic. Retrieved 18 May 2018. ^ Christgau, Robert (1981). " | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_(The_Chantels_song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11064692#4_11547193 | Title: Maybe (The Chantels song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe (The Chantels song)
Maybe (The Chantels song)
References
External links
Content: April 2010. ^ "Maybe – The Chantels – Song Info - AllMusic". AllMusic. Retrieved 18 May 2018. ^ Christgau, Robert (1981). " A Basic Record Library: The Fifties and Sixties". Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies. Ticknor & Fields. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_(The_Chantels_song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11064692#5_11547774 | Title: Maybe (The Chantels song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe (The Chantels song)
Maybe (The Chantels song)
References
External links
Content: A Basic Record Library: The Fifties and Sixties". Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies. Ticknor & Fields. ISBN 0899190251. Retrieved March 16, 2019 – via robertchristgau.com. ^ " [바버렛츠 소극장 #1] Maybe". YouTube. Retrieved 27 April 2021. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_(The_Chantels_song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11064692#6_11548389 | Title: Maybe (The Chantels song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe (The Chantels song)
Maybe (The Chantels song)
References
External links
Content: ISBN 0899190251. Retrieved March 16, 2019 – via robertchristgau.com. ^ " [바버렛츠 소극장 #1] Maybe". YouTube. Retrieved 27 April 2021. ^ "100 Greatest Girl Group Songs of All Time: Critics' Picks". Billboard. Retrieved July 11, 2017. External links
Chantels – History of Rock
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
v
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The Shangri-Las
Mary Weiss
Elizabeth "Betty" Weiss
Marguerite "Marge" Ganser
Mary Ann Ganser
Studio albums
Leader of the Pack
Shangri-Las-65! | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_(The_Chantels_song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11064692#7_11549227 | Title: Maybe (The Chantels song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe (The Chantels song)
Maybe (The Chantels song)
References
External links
Content: ^ "100 Greatest Girl Group Songs of All Time: Critics' Picks". Billboard. Retrieved July 11, 2017. External links
Chantels – History of Rock
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
v
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The Shangri-Las
Mary Weiss
Elizabeth "Betty" Weiss
Marguerite "Marge" Ganser
Mary Ann Ganser
Studio albums
Leader of the Pack
Shangri-Las-65! Notable singles
" Remember (Walking in the Sand) "
" Leader of the Pack "
" Give Him a Great Big Kiss "
" Maybe "
" Out in the Streets "
" I Can Never Go Home Anymore "
Related articles
Shadow Morton
Artie Butler
Red Bird Records
v
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e
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame – Class of 2019
Performers
The Cure
Perry Bamonte, Jason Cooper, Michael Dempsey, Reeves Gabrels, Simon Gallup, Roger O'Donnell, Robert Smith, Pearl Thompson, Lol Tolhurst, Boris Williams
Def Leppard
Rick Allen, Vivian Campbell, Phil Collen, Steve Clark, Joe Elliott, Rick Savage, Pete Willis
Janet Jackson
Radiohead
Colin Greenwood, Jonny Greenwood, Ed O'Brien, Philip Selway, Thom Yorke
Roxy Music
Brian Eno, Bryan Ferry, Eddie Jobson, Andy Mackay, Phil Manzanera, Graham Simpson, Paul Thompson
Stevie Nicks
The Zombies
Rod Argent, Paul Atkinson, Colin Blunstone, Hugh Grundy, Chris White
Singles
The Chantels – " Maybe " (1957)
The Champs – " Tequila " (1958)
Barrett Strong – " Money (That's What I Want) " (1959)
The Isley Brothers – " Twist and Shout " (1962)
The Shangri-Las – " Leader of the Pack " (1964)
The Shadows of Knight – " Gloria " (1965)
Authority control
MBRG: 9bed0931-5307-4a4c-a2d4-c11e80ef841e
MBW work: 617635c7-2e2f-3766-b718-b698f5d774fb
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Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maybe_ (The_Chantels_song)&oldid=1020206393 "
Categories: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_(The_Chantels_song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11064692#8_11551438 | Title: Maybe (The Chantels song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe (The Chantels song)
Maybe (The Chantels song)
References
External links
Content: Notable singles
" Remember (Walking in the Sand) "
" Leader of the Pack "
" Give Him a Great Big Kiss "
" Maybe "
" Out in the Streets "
" I Can Never Go Home Anymore "
Related articles
Shadow Morton
Artie Butler
Red Bird Records
v
t
e
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame – Class of 2019
Performers
The Cure
Perry Bamonte, Jason Cooper, Michael Dempsey, Reeves Gabrels, Simon Gallup, Roger O'Donnell, Robert Smith, Pearl Thompson, Lol Tolhurst, Boris Williams
Def Leppard
Rick Allen, Vivian Campbell, Phil Collen, Steve Clark, Joe Elliott, Rick Savage, Pete Willis
Janet Jackson
Radiohead
Colin Greenwood, Jonny Greenwood, Ed O'Brien, Philip Selway, Thom Yorke
Roxy Music
Brian Eno, Bryan Ferry, Eddie Jobson, Andy Mackay, Phil Manzanera, Graham Simpson, Paul Thompson
Stevie Nicks
The Zombies
Rod Argent, Paul Atkinson, Colin Blunstone, Hugh Grundy, Chris White
Singles
The Chantels – " Maybe " (1957)
The Champs – " Tequila " (1958)
Barrett Strong – " Money (That's What I Want) " (1959)
The Isley Brothers – " Twist and Shout " (1962)
The Shangri-Las – " Leader of the Pack " (1964)
The Shadows of Knight – " Gloria " (1965)
Authority control
MBRG: 9bed0931-5307-4a4c-a2d4-c11e80ef841e
MBW work: 617635c7-2e2f-3766-b718-b698f5d774fb
This 1950s pop song -related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v
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Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maybe_ (The_Chantels_song)&oldid=1020206393 "
Categories: 1957 songs
1958 singles
1964 singles
1970 singles
The Chantels songs
The Shangri-Las songs
Songs written by Richie Barrett
Songs written by George Goldner
End Records singles
Red Bird Records singles
1950s pop song stubs
Hidden categories: Articles with hAudio microformats
Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz release group identifiers
Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz work identifiers
All stub articles | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_(The_Chantels_song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11070146#3_11559540 | Title: Maybe Baby (film) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe Baby
(film)
Maybe Baby (film)
Contents
Plot
Cast
Soundtrack
Reception
External links
References
Content: I Don't Wanna Fight", a song from Westlife 's self-titled debut album, is played in the last part of the movie. Melanie C's song "Suddenly Monday" also appears on the soundtrack, alongside tracks by Roxy Music, Lene Marlin, Atomic Kitten, Elvis Costello and the Attractions, George Michael and Madness . Laurie co-wrote and performed the humorous blues song "Sperm Test in the Morning". Reception
Rotten Tomatoes reported a 46% approval rating, with an average rating of 5.1/10 based on 28 reviews. When the film was released in the United Kingdom it opened at No. 3, behind Gladiator and Final Destination. External links
Maybe Baby at IMDb
References
^ "Maybe Baby (2000)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2 February 2014. CS1 maint: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_Baby_(2000_film) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11075989#0_11565781 | Title: Maybe Baby (song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe Baby (song)
Maybe Baby (song)
Contents
Background
Personnel
Covers
References
Sources
External links
Content: Maybe Baby (song) - Wikipedia
Maybe Baby (song)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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1958 single by the Crickets
"Maybe Baby"
Single by the Crickets
from the album The "Chirping" Crickets
B-side
"Tell Me How"
Released
1958
Recorded
29 September 1957, Tinker Air Force Base, Midwest City, Oklahoma
Genre
Rock and roll
Length
2:01
Label
Brunswick 9-55053
Songwriter (s)
Buddy Holly and Norman Petty
Producer (s)
Norman Petty
The Crickets singles chronology
" Oh, Boy! " (1957)
" Maybe Baby "
(1958)
" Think It Over "
(1958)
" Maybe Baby " is a rock-and-roll song written by Buddy Holly and the producer Norman Petty, and recorded by Holly and the Crickets in 1957. The single, credited to the Crickets, was a Top 40 hit in the U.S., the UK, and Canada. Contents
1 Background
2 Personnel
3 Covers
4 References
5 Sources
6 External links
Background
1957 sheet music cover, Nor Va Jak Music, New York
"Maybe Baby", originally recorded by Holly and the Crickets in 1957, reached number 17 on the US charts and number 4 on the UK chart; Holly toured in the UK that year (see Buddy Holly discography ). The single also reached number 8 on the Billboard R&B chart and number 9 on the Canadian charts. The rather simple lyrics are augmented by a twangy percussive accompaniment, characteristic of rockabilly, which is especially effective in the 8-bar instrumental introduction and the short conclusion. "Maybe Baby" was recorded at Tinker Air Force Base in Midwest City, Oklahoma in September 29, 1957, while Buddy Holly and The Crickets were on a tour (and played that same night, at Oklahoma City Municipal Auditorium with the Show Of Stars '57). Jerry Allison from The Crickets personally remembers that the song, along with three others, was recorded at Tinker Air Force Base. Graham Pugh, a Buddy Holly researcher from the Oklahoma City area, also has seen airplane tickets documenting the fact that Buddy Holly and The Crickets landed at Will Rogers World Airport in Oklahoma City on September 28, 1957. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_Baby_(song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11075989#1_11568210 | Title: Maybe Baby (song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe Baby (song)
Maybe Baby (song)
Contents
Background
Personnel
Covers
References
Sources
External links
Content: The single also reached number 8 on the Billboard R&B chart and number 9 on the Canadian charts. The rather simple lyrics are augmented by a twangy percussive accompaniment, characteristic of rockabilly, which is especially effective in the 8-bar instrumental introduction and the short conclusion. "Maybe Baby" was recorded at Tinker Air Force Base in Midwest City, Oklahoma in September 29, 1957, while Buddy Holly and The Crickets were on a tour (and played that same night, at Oklahoma City Municipal Auditorium with the Show Of Stars '57). Jerry Allison from The Crickets personally remembers that the song, along with three others, was recorded at Tinker Air Force Base. Graham Pugh, a Buddy Holly researcher from the Oklahoma City area, also has seen airplane tickets documenting the fact that Buddy Holly and The Crickets landed at Will Rogers World Airport in Oklahoma City on September 28, 1957. Personnel
Buddy Holly – lead vocals, lead guitar
Jerry Allison – drums
Joe B. Mauldin – contrabass
Niki Sullivan – rhythm guitar
Covers
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: " Maybe Baby" song – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2021) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Bobby Vee released a version in 1963. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_Baby_(song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11075989#2_11570013 | Title: Maybe Baby (song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe Baby (song)
Maybe Baby (song)
Contents
Background
Personnel
Covers
References
Sources
External links
Content: Personnel
Buddy Holly – lead vocals, lead guitar
Jerry Allison – drums
Joe B. Mauldin – contrabass
Niki Sullivan – rhythm guitar
Covers
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: " Maybe Baby" song – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2021) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Bobby Vee released a version in 1963. Jackie DeShannon released a version of the song on her 1964 album Breakin' It Up On the Beatles Tour! Skeeter Davis recorded the song in 1967. The Beatles recorded the song on January 29, 1969, during the Let It Be – Get Back sessions (Sulpy and Schweighardt 29.8). The folksinger Phil Ochs played the song in concert in early 1970, when Ochs was using electric instruments and covered many songs from the 1950s. The band Gallery released a cover version on its 1972 album Nice to Be with You. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_Baby_(song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11075989#3_11571407 | Title: Maybe Baby (song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe Baby (song)
Maybe Baby (song)
Contents
Background
Personnel
Covers
References
Sources
External links
Content: Jackie DeShannon released a version of the song on her 1964 album Breakin' It Up On the Beatles Tour! Skeeter Davis recorded the song in 1967. The Beatles recorded the song on January 29, 1969, during the Let It Be – Get Back sessions (Sulpy and Schweighardt 29.8). The folksinger Phil Ochs played the song in concert in early 1970, when Ochs was using electric instruments and covered many songs from the 1950s. The band Gallery released a cover version on its 1972 album Nice to Be with You. The country music artist Susie Allanson released a cover in 1978, which reached number 7 on the U.S. Country chart and number 14 on the Canadian country chart. The Hollies recorded the song in 1980. Don McLean recorded the song in 1989. The Serbian band Eva Braun covered the song in an acoustic session in 1993. Connie Francis recorded the song in 1996. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_Baby_(song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11075989#4_11572598 | Title: Maybe Baby (song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe Baby (song)
Maybe Baby (song)
Contents
Background
Personnel
Covers
References
Sources
External links
Content: The country music artist Susie Allanson released a cover in 1978, which reached number 7 on the U.S. Country chart and number 14 on the Canadian country chart. The Hollies recorded the song in 1980. Don McLean recorded the song in 1989. The Serbian band Eva Braun covered the song in an acoustic session in 1993. Connie Francis recorded the song in 1996. Hank Marvin released a version of the song in 1996. The Nitty Gritty Dirt Band covered the song in 1996. Brian May, formerly the guitarist for the band Queen, covered the song as the B-side of his single " Business " in 1998 and included it on his EMI album Red Special, released only in Japan. Paul McCartney covered the song on the soundtrack for the British film Maybe Baby. Esquerita covered the song for the album Esquerita! | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_Baby_(song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11075989#5_11573722 | Title: Maybe Baby (song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe Baby (song)
Maybe Baby (song)
Contents
Background
Personnel
Covers
References
Sources
External links
Content: Hank Marvin released a version of the song in 1996. The Nitty Gritty Dirt Band covered the song in 1996. Brian May, formerly the guitarist for the band Queen, covered the song as the B-side of his single " Business " in 1998 and included it on his EMI album Red Special, released only in Japan. Paul McCartney covered the song on the soundtrack for the British film Maybe Baby. Esquerita covered the song for the album Esquerita! in 2010. Pat Monahan, of the band Train, contributed a cover version to the tribute album Listen to Me: Buddy Holly, released in 2011. References
^ a b Norman Petty interviewed on the Pop Chronicles (1969)
^ "Song artist 253 - Buddy Holly". Tsort.info. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_Baby_(song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11075989#6_11574748 | Title: Maybe Baby (song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe Baby (song)
Maybe Baby (song)
Contents
Background
Personnel
Covers
References
Sources
External links
Content: in 2010. Pat Monahan, of the band Train, contributed a cover version to the tribute album Listen to Me: Buddy Holly, released in 2011. References
^ a b Norman Petty interviewed on the Pop Chronicles (1969)
^ "Song artist 253 - Buddy Holly". Tsort.info. Retrieved 27 April 2021. ^ "Buddy Holly - The Complete Works - 1957-2". Buddyholly.pagesperso-orange.fr. Retrieved 27 April 2021. ^ "Song artist 253 - Buddy Holly". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_Baby_(song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11075989#7_11575511 | Title: Maybe Baby (song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe Baby (song)
Maybe Baby (song)
Contents
Background
Personnel
Covers
References
Sources
External links
Content: Retrieved 27 April 2021. ^ "Buddy Holly - The Complete Works - 1957-2". Buddyholly.pagesperso-orange.fr. Retrieved 27 April 2021. ^ "Song artist 253 - Buddy Holly". Tsort.info. Retrieved 27 April 2021. ^ "For Buddy Holly, Tinker was studio". Oklahoman.com. 27 October 2008. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_Baby_(song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11075989#9_11576736 | Title: Maybe Baby (song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe Baby (song)
Maybe Baby (song)
Contents
Background
Personnel
Covers
References
Sources
External links
Content: Retrieved 27 April 2021. ^ "Home page of Tinker Air Force Base". Tinker.af.mil. Retrieved 27 April 2021. ^ "Original versions of Maybe Baby by Mike Berry". Secondhandsongs.com. Retrieved 27 April 2021. Sources
Amburn, Ellis (1996). Buddy Holly: A Biography. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_Baby_(song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11075989#10_11577336 | Title: Maybe Baby (song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe Baby (song)
Maybe Baby (song)
Contents
Background
Personnel
Covers
References
Sources
External links
Content: Secondhandsongs.com. Retrieved 27 April 2021. Sources
Amburn, Ellis (1996). Buddy Holly: A Biography. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-14557-6. Bustard, Anne (2005). Buddy: The Story of Buddy Holly. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_Baby_(song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11075989#14_11579504 | Title: Maybe Baby (song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe Baby (song)
Maybe Baby (song)
Contents
Background
Personnel
Covers
References
Sources
External links
Content: The Definitive Biography. New York: Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-80715-7. Goldrosen, John (1975). Buddy Holly: His Life and Music. Popular Press. ISBN 0-85947-018-0
External links
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
v
t
e
Buddy Holly
The Crickets
Singles
" Love Me "
" That'll Be the Day "
" Words of Love " (b/w " Mailman, Bring Me No More Blues ")
" Peggy Sue " (b/w " Everyday ")
" Oh, Boy! " " Not Fade Away "
" I'm Gonna Love You Too "
" Maybe Baby "
" Rave On "
" Think It Over "
" Early in the Morning "
" It's So Easy "
" Heartbeat "
" It Doesn't Matter Anymore " (b/w " Raining in My Heart ")
" Peggy Sue Got Married " (b/w " Crying, Waiting, Hoping ")
" True Love Ways "
" Valley of Tears "
" Bo Diddley "
" Brown Eyed Handsome Man "
" Love Is Strange "
Studio albums
The "Chirping" Crickets
Buddy Holly
That'll Be The Day
Compilation albums
The Buddy Holly Story
The Buddy Holly Story, Vol. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_Baby_(song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11075989#15_11580824 | Title: Maybe Baby (song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe Baby (song)
Maybe Baby (song)
Contents
Background
Personnel
Covers
References
Sources
External links
Content: Buddy Holly: His Life and Music. Popular Press. ISBN 0-85947-018-0
External links
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
v
t
e
Buddy Holly
The Crickets
Singles
" Love Me "
" That'll Be the Day "
" Words of Love " (b/w " Mailman, Bring Me No More Blues ")
" Peggy Sue " (b/w " Everyday ")
" Oh, Boy! " " Not Fade Away "
" I'm Gonna Love You Too "
" Maybe Baby "
" Rave On "
" Think It Over "
" Early in the Morning "
" It's So Easy "
" Heartbeat "
" It Doesn't Matter Anymore " (b/w " Raining in My Heart ")
" Peggy Sue Got Married " (b/w " Crying, Waiting, Hoping ")
" True Love Ways "
" Valley of Tears "
" Bo Diddley "
" Brown Eyed Handsome Man "
" Love Is Strange "
Studio albums
The "Chirping" Crickets
Buddy Holly
That'll Be The Day
Compilation albums
The Buddy Holly Story
The Buddy Holly Story, Vol. 2
Reminiscing
Showcase
Holly in the Hills
Giant
20 Golden Greats
For the First Time Anywhere
Words of Love
Greatest Hits
Down the Line: Rarities
Memorial Collection
Tribute albums
Not Fade Away (Remembering Buddy Holly)
Rave On Buddy Holly
Listen to Me: Buddy Holly
Related
Buddy Holly discography
List of songs
Bob "Bobby" Montgomery
María Elena Holly (wife)
Norman Petty
Surf Ballroom (site of final performance)
The Day The Music Died (1959 plane crash)
The Buddy Holly Story
Buddy: The Buddy Holly Story
"Buddy Holly" (song)
Buddy Holly Center
Category
Commons
v
t
e
The Crickets
Buddy Holly
Jerry Allison
Joe B. Mauldin
Niki Sullivan
Earl Sinks
Glen Hardin
Jerry Naylor
Sonny Curtis
Studio albums
The "Chirping" Crickets
Buddy Holly
In Style with the Crickets
Bobby Vee Meets the Crickets
Something Old, Something New, Something Blue, Somethin' Else
California Sun / She Loves You
Rockin' 50's Rock'n'Roll
Compilation albums
20 Golden Greats
Words of Love
A Collection
Singles
" That'll Be the Day "
" Oh, Boy! " ( b/w " Not Fade Away ")
" Maybe Baby "
" Think It Over "
" It's So Easy "
" Love's Made a Fool of You " (b/w "Someone, Someone")
" More Than I Can Say " (b/w "Baby My Heart")
" I Fought the Law "
" Don't Ever Change (b/w "I'm Not A Bad Guy")
" Punish Her " ( Bobby Vee, solo, A-side) (b/w "Someday (When I'm Gone From You)" by Bobby Vee & the Crickets)
" My Little Girl " (b/w "Teardrops Fall Like Rain")
" Lonely Avenue " (b/w "You Can't Be In-Between" USA, "Playboy" UK)
" From Me to You " (b/w " Please Please Me ")
" (They Call Her) La Bamba " (b/w "All Over You")
" True Love Ways " (b/w "Rockin' 50's Rock And Roll")
Crickets solo records
The 1st of Sonny Curtis (1968)
Related
Discography
Norman Petty
Brunswick Records
Coral Records
Philips Records
The Picks
David Box
Tommy Allsup
Joe Osborn
Bob Montgomery (songwriter)
The Buddy Holly Story (1978 film)
Buddy: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_Baby_(song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11075989#16_11584083 | Title: Maybe Baby (song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe Baby (song)
Maybe Baby (song)
Contents
Background
Personnel
Covers
References
Sources
External links
Content: 2
Reminiscing
Showcase
Holly in the Hills
Giant
20 Golden Greats
For the First Time Anywhere
Words of Love
Greatest Hits
Down the Line: Rarities
Memorial Collection
Tribute albums
Not Fade Away (Remembering Buddy Holly)
Rave On Buddy Holly
Listen to Me: Buddy Holly
Related
Buddy Holly discography
List of songs
Bob "Bobby" Montgomery
María Elena Holly (wife)
Norman Petty
Surf Ballroom (site of final performance)
The Day The Music Died (1959 plane crash)
The Buddy Holly Story
Buddy: The Buddy Holly Story
"Buddy Holly" (song)
Buddy Holly Center
Category
Commons
v
t
e
The Crickets
Buddy Holly
Jerry Allison
Joe B. Mauldin
Niki Sullivan
Earl Sinks
Glen Hardin
Jerry Naylor
Sonny Curtis
Studio albums
The "Chirping" Crickets
Buddy Holly
In Style with the Crickets
Bobby Vee Meets the Crickets
Something Old, Something New, Something Blue, Somethin' Else
California Sun / She Loves You
Rockin' 50's Rock'n'Roll
Compilation albums
20 Golden Greats
Words of Love
A Collection
Singles
" That'll Be the Day "
" Oh, Boy! " ( b/w " Not Fade Away ")
" Maybe Baby "
" Think It Over "
" It's So Easy "
" Love's Made a Fool of You " (b/w "Someone, Someone")
" More Than I Can Say " (b/w "Baby My Heart")
" I Fought the Law "
" Don't Ever Change (b/w "I'm Not A Bad Guy")
" Punish Her " ( Bobby Vee, solo, A-side) (b/w "Someday (When I'm Gone From You)" by Bobby Vee & the Crickets)
" My Little Girl " (b/w "Teardrops Fall Like Rain")
" Lonely Avenue " (b/w "You Can't Be In-Between" USA, "Playboy" UK)
" From Me to You " (b/w " Please Please Me ")
" (They Call Her) La Bamba " (b/w "All Over You")
" True Love Ways " (b/w "Rockin' 50's Rock And Roll")
Crickets solo records
The 1st of Sonny Curtis (1968)
Related
Discography
Norman Petty
Brunswick Records
Coral Records
Philips Records
The Picks
David Box
Tommy Allsup
Joe Osborn
Bob Montgomery (songwriter)
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11090258#0_11596866 | Title: Maybe I'm Amazed - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe I'm Amazed
Maybe I'm Amazed
Contents
History
Reception
Live version
Track listing
7"
12" US Promo, Record Store Day 2013 EP
Side A
Side B
Chart performance
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Personnel
Covers
References
External links
Content: Maybe I'm Amazed - Wikipedia
Maybe I'm Amazed
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
1977 single by Paul McCartney
"Maybe I'm Amazed"
Cover of the song's sheet music
Song by Paul McCartney
from the album McCartney
Published
Northern Songs
Released
17 April 1970
Recorded
22 February 1970
Studio
Abbey Road, London
Genre
Soft rock
Length
3:49
Label
Apple
Songwriter (s)
Paul McCartney
Producer (s)
Paul McCartney
McCartney track listing
Audio sample
"Maybe I'm Amazed"
file
help
Music video
"Maybe I'm Amazed" on YouTube
" Maybe I'm Amazed " is a song written by English musician Paul McCartney that was first released on his 1970 debut solo album McCartney . Although the original recording has never been released as a single, a live performance by McCartney's later band Wings, from the live album Wings over America, was. Released in 1977, this version became a top ten hit in the United States and reached number 28 in the United Kingdom. In 2011, Rolling Stone magazine ranked "Maybe I'm Amazed" number 347 on its "500 Greatest Songs of All Time" list. Contents
1 History
2 Reception
3 Live version
3.1 Track listing
3.1.1 7"
3.1.2 12" US Promo, Record Store Day 2013 EP
4 Chart performance
4.1 Weekly charts
4.2 Year-end charts
5 Personnel
6 Covers
7 References
8 External links
History
McCartney wrote the song in 1969, just before the Beatles' break-up. He credited his wife Linda with helping him get through the difficult time. Although most of his debut solo album was recorded at his home in London, McCartney recorded "Maybe I'm Amazed" entirely in EMI 's Number Two studio in Abbey Road, on the same day as he recorded " Every Night ". He played all the instruments: guitars, bass, piano, organ and drums. Although McCartney declined to release the song as a single in 1970, it nonetheless received a great deal of radio airplay worldwide. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_I%27m_Amazed |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11090258#2_11601399 | Title: Maybe I'm Amazed - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe I'm Amazed
Maybe I'm Amazed
Contents
History
Reception
Live version
Track listing
7"
12" US Promo, Record Store Day 2013 EP
Side A
Side B
Chart performance
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Personnel
Covers
References
External links
Content: A promotional film was made, comprising still photographs of McCartney, his wife Linda, stepdaughter Heather, and daughter Mary, which first aired in the UK on 19 April 1970 on ITV in its own slot, and as a part of an episode of CBS Television 's The Ed Sullivan Show. Reception
Regarded as one of McCartney's finest love songs, it achieved the number 347 position in the " 500 Greatest Songs of All Time " list compiled by Rolling Stone magazine in November 2004, and is the only solo McCartney song to make the list. In a late 2009 Q&A with journalists held in London to promote his live album Good Evening New York City, McCartney said "Maybe I'm Amazed" was "the song he would like to be remembered for in the future". In a review for the McCartney album on release, Langdon Winner of Rolling Stone described "Maybe I'm Amazed", as "a very powerful song", that states "one of the main sub-themes of the record, that the terrible burden of loneliness can be dispelled by love." Winner continued to describe the track as "the only song on the album that even comes close to McCartney's best efforts of the past. It succeeds marvelously." In a retrospective review for McCartney, Record Collector has highlighted "Maybe I'm Amazed", along with "Every Night" and "Junk", as songs that "still sound absolutely effortless and demonstrate the man's natural genius with a melody". Joe Tangari of Pitchfork similarly evaluated "Maybe I'm Amazed", along with "Junk" and "Singalong Junk", as the "peaks" of McCartney. Live version
"Maybe I'm Amazed"
Single by Wings
from the album Wings over America
B-side
" Soily "
Released
4 February 1977
Recorded
1976
Genre
Soft rock
Length
5:11
Label
Capitol
Songwriter (s)
Paul McCartney
Producer (s)
Paul McCartney
Wings singles chronology
" Let 'Em In "
(1976)
" Maybe I'm Amazed "
(1977)
" Mull of Kintyre "
(1977)
A live recording from the 1976 album Wings over America was released as a single by McCartney's band Wings on 4 February 1977 and reached number 10 in the US on the Billboard pop charts, and number 28 in the UK. Versions of the song can be heard on several other live McCartney albums including Back in the U.S. and Back in the World. " | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_I%27m_Amazed |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11090258#3_11604134 | Title: Maybe I'm Amazed - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe I'm Amazed
Maybe I'm Amazed
Contents
History
Reception
Live version
Track listing
7"
12" US Promo, Record Store Day 2013 EP
Side A
Side B
Chart performance
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Personnel
Covers
References
External links
Content: It succeeds marvelously." In a retrospective review for McCartney, Record Collector has highlighted "Maybe I'm Amazed", along with "Every Night" and "Junk", as songs that "still sound absolutely effortless and demonstrate the man's natural genius with a melody". Joe Tangari of Pitchfork similarly evaluated "Maybe I'm Amazed", along with "Junk" and "Singalong Junk", as the "peaks" of McCartney. Live version
"Maybe I'm Amazed"
Single by Wings
from the album Wings over America
B-side
" Soily "
Released
4 February 1977
Recorded
1976
Genre
Soft rock
Length
5:11
Label
Capitol
Songwriter (s)
Paul McCartney
Producer (s)
Paul McCartney
Wings singles chronology
" Let 'Em In "
(1976)
" Maybe I'm Amazed "
(1977)
" Mull of Kintyre "
(1977)
A live recording from the 1976 album Wings over America was released as a single by McCartney's band Wings on 4 February 1977 and reached number 10 in the US on the Billboard pop charts, and number 28 in the UK. Versions of the song can be heard on several other live McCartney albums including Back in the U.S. and Back in the World. " Maybe I'm Amazed" has become a centrepiece of McCartney's concerts, along with " Band on the Run " and " Live and Let Die ". Live versions of the song are available on the 2011 reissue of McCartney . Track listing
7"
"Maybe I'm Amazed" – 5:11
"Soily" – 5:10
12" US Promo, Record Store Day 2013 EP
Side A
"Maybe I'm Amazed – Short Version (Mono)" – 3:43
"Maybe I'm Amazed – Album Version (Mono)" – 5:11
Side B
"Maybe I'm Amazed – Short Version (Stereo)" – 3:43
"Maybe I'm Amazed – Album Version (Stereo)" – 5:11
Chart performance
Weekly charts
Chart (1977)
Peak
position
Canada RPM Top Singles
9
UK Singles Chart
28
US Billboard Hot 100
10
US Cash Box Top 100
10
Year-end charts
Chart (1977)
Position
Canada
96
US Cash Box
94
Personnel
McCartney studio version
Paul McCartney – lead vocals, electric guitar, bass guitar, piano, organ, drums
Linda McCartney – backing vocals
Wings Over America live version
Paul McCartney – lead vocals, piano
Linda McCartney – backing vocals, organ
Denny Laine – backing vocals, bass guitar
Jimmy McCulloch – lead guitar
Joe English – drums
Covers
Faces covered the song for the album Long Player. Joe Cocker covered the song for the album Heart & Soul. Billy Joel covered the song for the tribute album The Art of McCartney. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_I%27m_Amazed |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11090258#4_11607145 | Title: Maybe I'm Amazed - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe I'm Amazed
Maybe I'm Amazed
Contents
History
Reception
Live version
Track listing
7"
12" US Promo, Record Store Day 2013 EP
Side A
Side B
Chart performance
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Personnel
Covers
References
External links
Content: Maybe I'm Amazed" has become a centrepiece of McCartney's concerts, along with " Band on the Run " and " Live and Let Die ". Live versions of the song are available on the 2011 reissue of McCartney . Track listing
7"
"Maybe I'm Amazed" – 5:11
"Soily" – 5:10
12" US Promo, Record Store Day 2013 EP
Side A
"Maybe I'm Amazed – Short Version (Mono)" – 3:43
"Maybe I'm Amazed – Album Version (Mono)" – 5:11
Side B
"Maybe I'm Amazed – Short Version (Stereo)" – 3:43
"Maybe I'm Amazed – Album Version (Stereo)" – 5:11
Chart performance
Weekly charts
Chart (1977)
Peak
position
Canada RPM Top Singles
9
UK Singles Chart
28
US Billboard Hot 100
10
US Cash Box Top 100
10
Year-end charts
Chart (1977)
Position
Canada
96
US Cash Box
94
Personnel
McCartney studio version
Paul McCartney – lead vocals, electric guitar, bass guitar, piano, organ, drums
Linda McCartney – backing vocals
Wings Over America live version
Paul McCartney – lead vocals, piano
Linda McCartney – backing vocals, organ
Denny Laine – backing vocals, bass guitar
Jimmy McCulloch – lead guitar
Joe English – drums
Covers
Faces covered the song for the album Long Player. Joe Cocker covered the song for the album Heart & Soul. Billy Joel covered the song for the tribute album The Art of McCartney. References
^ Sendejas Jr., Jesse (7 August 2014). " The '70s' Seven Sexiest Soft-Rock Songs". Houston Press. ^ "Paul McCartney Charts and Awards". AllMusic. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_I%27m_Amazed |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11090258#7_11610721 | Title: Maybe I'm Amazed - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe I'm Amazed
Maybe I'm Amazed
Contents
History
Reception
Live version
Track listing
7"
12" US Promo, Record Store Day 2013 EP
Side A
Side B
Chart performance
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Personnel
Covers
References
External links
Content: ^ "Maybe I'm Amazed in Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 7 April 2011. ^ a b "Maybe I'm Amazed by Paul McCartney Songfacts". songfacts.com. Retrieved 25 April 2012. ^ a b c "Paul McCartney: Maybe I'm Amazed | The Beatles Bible". beatlesbible.com. Retrieved 25 April 2012. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_I%27m_Amazed |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11090258#18_11619351 | Title: Maybe I'm Amazed - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe I'm Amazed
Maybe I'm Amazed
Contents
History
Reception
Live version
Track listing
7"
12" US Promo, Record Store Day 2013 EP
Side A
Side B
Chart performance
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Personnel
Covers
References
External links
Content: Collectionscanada.gc.ca. Retrieved 27 July 2016. ^ "Cash Box Year-End Charts: Top 100 Pop Singles, December 31, 1977". Archived from the original on 20 October 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018. ^ "The Art of McCartney – Various Artists". AllMusic. Retrieved 7 September 2017. External links
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
v
t
e
Wings
Paul McCartney
Linda McCartney
Denny Laine
Denny Seiwell
Henry McCullough
Jimmy McCulloch
Geoff Britton
Joe English
Laurence Juber
Steve Holley
Studio albums
Wild Life (1971)
Red Rose Speedway (1973)
Band on the Run (1973)
Venus and Mars (1975)
Wings at the Speed of Sound (1976)
London Town (1978)
Back to the Egg (1979)
Live albums
Wings over America (1976)
Compilation albums
Wings Greatest (1978)
Cold Cuts (unreleased)
Wingspan: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_I%27m_Amazed |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11090258#19_11620637 | Title: Maybe I'm Amazed - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe I'm Amazed
Maybe I'm Amazed
Contents
History
Reception
Live version
Track listing
7"
12" US Promo, Record Store Day 2013 EP
Side A
Side B
Chart performance
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Personnel
Covers
References
External links
Content: Retrieved 17 January 2018. ^ "The Art of McCartney – Various Artists". AllMusic. Retrieved 7 September 2017. External links
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
v
t
e
Wings
Paul McCartney
Linda McCartney
Denny Laine
Denny Seiwell
Henry McCullough
Jimmy McCulloch
Geoff Britton
Joe English
Laurence Juber
Steve Holley
Studio albums
Wild Life (1971)
Red Rose Speedway (1973)
Band on the Run (1973)
Venus and Mars (1975)
Wings at the Speed of Sound (1976)
London Town (1978)
Back to the Egg (1979)
Live albums
Wings over America (1976)
Compilation albums
Wings Greatest (1978)
Cold Cuts (unreleased)
Wingspan: Hits and History (2001)
Singles
1972
" Give Ireland Back to the Irish "
" Mary Had a Little Lamb " / " Little Woman Love "
" Hi, Hi, Hi " / " C Moon "
1973
" My Love "
" Live and Let Die " / " I Lie Around "
" Helen Wheels " / " Country Dreamer "
" Mrs. Vandebilt " / " Bluebird "
" Jet " / " Mamunia "
" Let Me Roll It "
1974
" Band on the Run " / " Zoo Gang "
" Nineteen Hundred and Eighty-Five "
" Junior's Farm " / " Sally G "
1975
" Listen to What the Man Said " / " Love in Song "
" Letting Go " / " You Gave Me the Answer "
" Venus and Mars"/"Rock Show " / " Magneto and Titanium Man "
1976
" Silly Love Songs " / " Cook of the House "
" Let 'Em In " / " Beware My Love "
1977
" Maybe I'm Amazed " / " Soily "
" Seaside Woman "
" Mull of Kintyre " / " Girls' School "
1978
" With a Little Luck " / " Backwards Traveller"/"Cuff Link "
" I've Had Enough " / " Deliver Your Children "
" London Town " / " I'm Carrying "
1979
" Goodnight Tonight " / " Daytime Nighttime Suffering "
" Old Siam, Sir "
" Getting Closer "
" Arrow Through Me " / " Old Siam, Sir "
" Rockestra Theme "
1980
" Coming Up (Live at Glasgow) "
Other songs
" Big Barn Bed "
" Little Lamb Dragonfly "
" No Words "
" Picasso's Last Words (Drink to Me) "
" Call Me Back Again "
" She's My Baby "
" Must Do Something About It "
" Warm and Beautiful "
" Girlfriend "
Tours
Wings University Tour (1972)
Wings Over Europe Tour (1972)
Tour Bus
Wings 1973 UK Tour (May 1973)
Wings Over the World tour (1975-1976)
Wings UK Tour 1979 (1979)
Concerts for the People of Kampuchea (1979)
Filmography
Wings Over the World (1979)
Concert for Kampuchea (1980)
Rockshow (1980)
Back to the Egg (1981)
Wingspan – An Intimate Portrait (2001)
Related articles
Discography
Songs
The Beatles
Ginger Baker's Air Force
Japanese Tears
The Moody Blues
Standard Time
Suzy and the Red Stripes
Small Faces
The Oriental Nightfish
v
t
e
Paul McCartney
Paul "Wix" Wickens
Rusty Anderson
Brian Ray
Abe Laboriel Jr.
Linda McCartney
Brian Clarke
H | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_I%27m_Amazed |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11120726#2_11652333 | Title: Maybe It's Time - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe It's Time
Maybe It's Time
Contents
Background and writing
Recording and composition
Critical reception
Chart performance
Cover versions
Credits and personnel
Management
Personnel
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
References
External links
Content: In an interview with Harper's Bazaar he explained: " That’s what the song deals with more than anything else—whether you reach the point of redemption or not is wholly determined on your own willingness to work. If you’re going to change, it has to come from within." When Cobb flew to Los Angeles and met Cooper and his co-star Lady Gaga for a writing session, he played "Maybe It's Time". It became Jackson's staple song and set the tone for the rest of the soundtrack. They were impressed. Cooper felt the Americana folk rock blend of the tune fit perfectly with Jackson's character, highlighting his fading career and substance abuse problems. Recording and composition
"Maybe It's Time" was written by American singer-songwriter and guitarist Jason Isbell. Musically, "Maybe It's Time" is a country ballad written by Isbell and produced by Cooper and Benjamin Rice with additional vocal production by Lady Gaga. It is heard several times during the film. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_It%27s_Time |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11147124#0_11689767 | Title: Maybe This Time (song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe This Time (song)
Maybe This Time (song)
Contents
Production
Synopsis
Analysis
Critical reception
Cover versions
References
Content: Maybe This Time (song) - Wikipedia
Maybe This Time (song)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
For the song by Michael Martin Murphey, see The Heart Never Lies (album). " Maybe This Time " is a song written by John Kander and Fred Ebb for actress Kaye Ballard. It was later included in the 1972 film Cabaret, where it is sung by the character Sally Bowles, played by Liza Minnelli. It had already been recorded and released twice, in similar arrangements, on Minnelli's debut studio album Liza! Liza! ( 1964), and subsequently New Feelin' (1970), but it turned into a traditional pop standard after its 1972 inclusion in Cabaret . Contents
1 Production
2 Synopsis
3 Analysis
4 Critical reception
5 Cover versions
6 References
Production
Though originally written in 1964 for a different purpose, the song was put into the 1972 film version of the 1966 Cabaret musical. This is one of "two numbers that were added only in 1998, after they were used in the movie", along with "Mein Herr". h2g2 explains "both 'Money, Money' and 'Maybe This Time' are frequently inserted into the score of revival versions." Synopsis
The website h2g2 describes this song's context within the musical's plot: " | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_This_Time_(song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11147124#1_11691380 | Title: Maybe This Time (song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe This Time (song)
Maybe This Time (song)
Contents
Production
Synopsis
Analysis
Critical reception
Cover versions
References
Content: 1964), and subsequently New Feelin' (1970), but it turned into a traditional pop standard after its 1972 inclusion in Cabaret . Contents
1 Production
2 Synopsis
3 Analysis
4 Critical reception
5 Cover versions
6 References
Production
Though originally written in 1964 for a different purpose, the song was put into the 1972 film version of the 1966 Cabaret musical. This is one of "two numbers that were added only in 1998, after they were used in the movie", along with "Mein Herr". h2g2 explains "both 'Money, Money' and 'Maybe This Time' are frequently inserted into the score of revival versions." Synopsis
The website h2g2 describes this song's context within the musical's plot: " The singer (Sally) sings of her hope that, against all odds, this time her love affair is going to last." Analysis
The Telegraph explained that the song should have an air of "desperate hope" and that Bowles should feel like "someone teetering on the edge of despair." Talkin' Broadway said " 'Maybe this Time' serving as Sally's internal monologue in response to Cliff's plea", adding that the song "is the only time we see the real person beneath the frivolous girl for whom life is a neverending party (cabaret, whatever). As we're privy to Sally's unspoken thoughts here". What's On in Cape Town described Sally Bowles as a Manic Pixie Dream Girl, writing "Her iconic solo, 'Maybe This Time', can be considered the MPDG theme song." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_This_Time_(song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11147124#2_11693200 | Title: Maybe This Time (song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe This Time (song)
Maybe This Time (song)
Contents
Production
Synopsis
Analysis
Critical reception
Cover versions
References
Content: The singer (Sally) sings of her hope that, against all odds, this time her love affair is going to last." Analysis
The Telegraph explained that the song should have an air of "desperate hope" and that Bowles should feel like "someone teetering on the edge of despair." Talkin' Broadway said " 'Maybe this Time' serving as Sally's internal monologue in response to Cliff's plea", adding that the song "is the only time we see the real person beneath the frivolous girl for whom life is a neverending party (cabaret, whatever). As we're privy to Sally's unspoken thoughts here". What's On in Cape Town described Sally Bowles as a Manic Pixie Dream Girl, writing "Her iconic solo, 'Maybe This Time', can be considered the MPDG theme song." Bowles "believ [es] she may be in love for the first time". Critical reception
The song has been described as a "tearjerker", "wistful", and "heartbreaking". Lincolnshire Review described the song as a "soaring ballad", and Peterborough Telegraph deemed it "hopeful". Cover versions
In 1983, Norma Lewis recorded a disco/Hi-NRG version of the song on the ERC Records label. An extended, remixed version was released as a 12" single. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_This_Time_(song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11147124#3_11694766 | Title: Maybe This Time (song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe This Time (song)
Maybe This Time (song)
Contents
Production
Synopsis
Analysis
Critical reception
Cover versions
References
Content: Bowles "believ [es] she may be in love for the first time". Critical reception
The song has been described as a "tearjerker", "wistful", and "heartbreaking". Lincolnshire Review described the song as a "soaring ballad", and Peterborough Telegraph deemed it "hopeful". Cover versions
In 1983, Norma Lewis recorded a disco/Hi-NRG version of the song on the ERC Records label. An extended, remixed version was released as a 12" single. In 2009, the song was covered in the episode "The Rhodes Not Taken" from the first season of the television series Glee, performed by Lea Michele and Kristin Chenoweth. Also in 2009, Sarah Blasko covered the track on the bonus disc to her album As Day Follows Night . In 2019, the song was covered in the episode "Chapter Forty-Four: No Exit" from the third season of the television series Riverdale, performed by Camila Mendes as Veronica Lodge. In 2019, the song was performed by Stevie Budd ( Emily Hampshire) in the season 5 finale of the series Schitt's Creek. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_This_Time_(song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11147124#5_11697434 | Title: Maybe This Time (song) - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe This Time (song)
Maybe This Time (song)
Contents
Production
Synopsis
Analysis
Critical reception
Cover versions
References
Content: In 2020, the song was performed by Dame Shirley Bassey, for her new album " I Owe It All to You", released on 6 November 2020 by Decca Records . The Simpsons episode " Warrin' Priests " featured a parody of this song. References
^ "Actress-comedian sings her song - 36 years after losing it to Streisand". Deseret News. June 27, 1997. Retrieved December 11, 2018. ^ Kander, John; Ebb, Fred; Lawrence, Greg (September 9, 2004). Colored Lights: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_This_Time_(song) |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11152925#0_11706238 | Title: Maybe You'll Be There - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe You'll Be There
Maybe You'll Be There
Notable recordings
References
Content: Maybe You'll Be There - Wikipedia
Maybe You'll Be There
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
" Maybe You'll Be There " is a popular song composed by Rube Bloom, with lyrics written by Sammy Gallop. The song was published in 1947 . The recording by Gordon Jenkins was released by Decca Records as catalog number 24403. It first reached the Billboard magazine Best Seller chart on June 11, 1948 and lasted 30 weeks on the chart, peaking at #3. This recording was Jenkins' first charting record. The vocal on that recording featured the piano player Charles LaVere. It has become a pop standard, recorded by many artists since its composition, with a well-known recording being by The Four Aces . Notable recordings
Kay Starr - In a Blue Mood (1954)
June Christy - The Misty Miss Christy (1956)
Frank Sinatra - Where Are You? ( 1957)
Jane Morgan - for her album The Day The Rains Came (1958)
Donna Hightower (1958)
Joni James - on the album 100 Strings and Joni (1959)
Gene Pitney - Blue Gene (1963)
Sue Raney - All By Myself (1964)
Timi Yuro (1964)
Ed Bickert and Lorne Lofsky - This is New (1989)
Diana Krall - The Look of Love (2001)
Diana Krall - Live in Paris (2002)
Lee Andrews & the Hearts - Teardrops: The Very Best of Lee Andrews & the Hearts (2002)
Bob Dylan - Fallen Angels (2016)
References
^ Whitburn, Joel (1973). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_You%27ll_Be_There |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11152925#1_11707926 | Title: Maybe You'll Be There - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybe You'll Be There
Maybe You'll Be There
Notable recordings
References
Content: The vocal on that recording featured the piano player Charles LaVere. It has become a pop standard, recorded by many artists since its composition, with a well-known recording being by The Four Aces . Notable recordings
Kay Starr - In a Blue Mood (1954)
June Christy - The Misty Miss Christy (1956)
Frank Sinatra - Where Are You? ( 1957)
Jane Morgan - for her album The Day The Rains Came (1958)
Donna Hightower (1958)
Joni James - on the album 100 Strings and Joni (1959)
Gene Pitney - Blue Gene (1963)
Sue Raney - All By Myself (1964)
Timi Yuro (1964)
Ed Bickert and Lorne Lofsky - This is New (1989)
Diana Krall - The Look of Love (2001)
Diana Krall - Live in Paris (2002)
Lee Andrews & the Hearts - Teardrops: The Very Best of Lee Andrews & the Hearts (2002)
Bob Dylan - Fallen Angels (2016)
References
^ Whitburn, Joel (1973). Top Pop Records 1940-1955. Record Research. ^ "allmusic.com". allmusic.com. Retrieved March 23, 2020. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybe_You%27ll_Be_There |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_11211410#12_11777529 | Title: Maybellene - Wikipedia
Headings: Maybellene
Maybellene
Contents
Origins and writing
Personnel
Co-composers
Charts
Honors and awards
Cover versions
References
External links
Content: and soon Columbia was touting it as one of its "Best Selling Folk Records". By November, it was noted that the record had "won considerable pop play". Other versions available in mid-October 1955 were by J. Long (Coral 61478), J. Lowe (Dot 15407), and R. Marterie (Mercury 70682) with the song listed as number 14 top selling in the nation. Allmusic lists cover versions by more than 70 performers, including Elvis Presley, the Everly Brothers, John Hammond, Paul Simon (in a medley with " Kodachrome "), George Jones, Carl Perkins, Johnny Cash, Bubba Sparks, Foghat, Gerry and the Pacemakers, Johnny Rivers and Chubby Checker. In 1964, a cover version by Johnny Rivers reached number 12 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 9 on RPM magazine's Top 40 Singles chart. Also in 1964, The Syndicats featuring guitarist Steve Howe who would later play for the band Yes, recorded and published their own cover version of the song. References
^ Billy Poore (1998). Rockabilly: A Forty-year Journey. Hal Leonard. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybellene |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_26465284#6_31174966 | Title: Measurement problem - Wikipedia
Headings: Measurement problem
Measurement problem
Contents
Schrödinger's cat
Interpretations
The role of decoherence
See also
References and notes
Further reading
Content: This concept, though often attributed to Niels Bohr, was due to Werner Heisenberg, whose later writings obscured many disagreements he and Bohr had had during their collaboration and that the two never resolved. In these schools of thought, wave functions may be regarded as statistical information about a quantum system, and wave function collapse is the updating of that information in response to new data. Exactly how to understand this process remains a topic of dispute. Bohr offered an interpretation that is independent of a subjective observer, or measurement, or collapse; instead, an "irreversible" or effectively irreversible process causes the decay of quantum coherence which imparts the classical behavior of "observation" or "measurement". Hugh Everett 's many-worlds interpretation attempts to solve the problem by suggesting that there is only one wave function, the superposition of the entire universe, and it never collapses—so there is no measurement problem. Instead, the act of measurement is simply an interaction between quantum entities, e.g. observer, measuring instrument, electron/positron etc., which entangle to form a single larger entity, for instance living cat/happy scientist. Everett also attempted to demonstrate how the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics would appear in measurements, work later extended by Bryce DeWitt. However, proponents of the Everettian program have not yet reached a consensus regarding the correct way to justify the use of the Born rule to calculate probabilities. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measurement_problem |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_26465284#7_31176908 | Title: Measurement problem - Wikipedia
Headings: Measurement problem
Measurement problem
Contents
Schrödinger's cat
Interpretations
The role of decoherence
See also
References and notes
Further reading
Content: Hugh Everett 's many-worlds interpretation attempts to solve the problem by suggesting that there is only one wave function, the superposition of the entire universe, and it never collapses—so there is no measurement problem. Instead, the act of measurement is simply an interaction between quantum entities, e.g. observer, measuring instrument, electron/positron etc., which entangle to form a single larger entity, for instance living cat/happy scientist. Everett also attempted to demonstrate how the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics would appear in measurements, work later extended by Bryce DeWitt. However, proponents of the Everettian program have not yet reached a consensus regarding the correct way to justify the use of the Born rule to calculate probabilities. De Broglie–Bohm theory tries to solve the measurement problem very differently: the information describing the system contains not only the wave function, but also supplementary data (a trajectory) giving the position of the particle (s). The role of the wave function is to generate the velocity field for the particles. These velocities are such that the probability distribution for the particle remains consistent with the predictions of the orthodox quantum mechanics. According to de Broglie–Bohm theory, interaction with the environment during a measurement procedure separates the wave packets in configuration space, which is where apparent wave function collapse comes from, even though there is no actual collapse. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measurement_problem |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_29053490#1_34378143 | Title: Mechanism of diving regulators - Wikipedia
Headings: Mechanism of diving regulators
Mechanism of diving regulators
Contents
Types of diving regulators
Open-circuit scuba regulators
Connection to the high pressure supply
CGA 850 connection
DIN connection
Adapters
Conversion kits
Other connection types
Cylinder valve types
Single-hose demand regulators
First stage
Piston-type first stage
Diaphragm-type first stage
Balancing
Interstage hose
Second-stage
Upstream valves
Downstream valves
Servo-controlled valves
Exhaust valves
Exhaust manifold
Purge button
User adjustable flow modifiers
Twin-hose demand regulators
Constant mass flow regulators
Surface supply regulators
Reclaim regulators
Built-in breathing system regulators
Malfunctions and failure modes
Inlet filter blockage
Sticking valves
Free-flow
Intermediate pressure creep
Regulator freezing
Mechanism of icing
First stage freezing
Interstage gas temperature
Second stage freeze
Surface supplied breathing equipment
Factors increasing the risk of regulator freeze
Precautions to reduce risk of regulator freezing
Mitigation
Procedures for managing a regulator freeze
Gas leaks
Wet breathing
Excessive work of breathing
Juddering, shuddering and moaning
Physical damage to the housing or components
See also
References
Content: Diving regulators use mechanically operated valves. In most cases there is ambient pressure feedback to both first and second stage, except where this is avoided to allow constant mass flow through an orifice in a rebreather, which requires a constant absolute upstream pressure. Back-pressure regulators are used in gas reclaim systems to conserve expensive helium based breathing gases in surface-supplied diving, and to control the safe exhaust of exhaled gas from built-in breathing systems in hyperbaric chambers . The parts of a regulator are described here as the major functional groups in downstream order as following the gas flow from the cylinder to its final use. Details may vary considerably between manufacturers and models. Contents
1 Types of diving regulators
2 Open-circuit scuba regulators
2.1 Connection to the high pressure supply
2.1.1 CGA 850 connection
2.1.2 DIN connection
2.1.3 Adapters
2.1.4 Conversion kits
2.1.5 Other connection types
2.1.6 Cylinder valve types
2.2 Single-hose demand regulators
2.2.1 First stage
2.2.1.1 Piston-type first stage
2.2.1.2 Diaphragm-type first stage
2.2.1.3 Balancing
2.2.2 Interstage hose
2.2.3 Second-stage
2.2.3.1 Upstream valves
2.2.3.2 Downstream valves
2.2.3.3 Servo-controlled valves
2.2.3.4 Exhaust valves
2.2.3.5 Exhaust manifold
2.2.3.6 Purge button
2.2.3.7 User adjustable flow modifiers
2.3 Twin-hose demand regulators
3 Constant mass flow regulators
4 Surface supply regulators
5 Reclaim regulators
6 Built-in breathing system regulators
7 Malfunctions and failure modes
7.1 Inlet filter blockage
7.2 Sticking valves
7.3 Free-flow
7.4 Intermediate pressure creep
7.5 Regulator freezing
7.5.1 Mechanism of icing
7.5.2 First stage freezing
7.5.3 Interstage gas temperature
7.5.4 Second stage freeze
7.5.5 Surface supplied breathing equipment
7.5.6 Factors increasing the risk of regulator freeze
7.5.7 Precautions to reduce risk of regulator freezing
7.5.8 Mitigation
7.5.9 Procedures for managing a regulator freeze
7.6 Gas leaks
7.7 Wet breathing
7.8 Excessive work of breathing
7.9 Juddering, shuddering and moaning
7.10 Physical damage to the housing or components
8 See also
9 References
Types of diving regulators
Gas pressure regulators are used for several applications in the supply and handling of breathing gases for diving. Pressure reducing regulators are used to reduce gas pressure for supply to the diver in demand and free-flow open circuit breathing apparatus, in rebreather equipment, and in gas blending procedures. Back-pressure regulators are used in the exhaust systems of the built-in breathing systems of diving chambers, and in the recovery of used helium based breathing gas for recycling. Some of these regulators must work underwater, others in the more forgiving conditions of the surface support area. All must work consistently and reliably, but some are parts of safety-critical life-support systems, where a single point of failure must not put lives at risk. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanism_of_diving_regulators |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_29053490#2_34382690 | Title: Mechanism of diving regulators - Wikipedia
Headings: Mechanism of diving regulators
Mechanism of diving regulators
Contents
Types of diving regulators
Open-circuit scuba regulators
Connection to the high pressure supply
CGA 850 connection
DIN connection
Adapters
Conversion kits
Other connection types
Cylinder valve types
Single-hose demand regulators
First stage
Piston-type first stage
Diaphragm-type first stage
Balancing
Interstage hose
Second-stage
Upstream valves
Downstream valves
Servo-controlled valves
Exhaust valves
Exhaust manifold
Purge button
User adjustable flow modifiers
Twin-hose demand regulators
Constant mass flow regulators
Surface supply regulators
Reclaim regulators
Built-in breathing system regulators
Malfunctions and failure modes
Inlet filter blockage
Sticking valves
Free-flow
Intermediate pressure creep
Regulator freezing
Mechanism of icing
First stage freezing
Interstage gas temperature
Second stage freeze
Surface supplied breathing equipment
Factors increasing the risk of regulator freeze
Precautions to reduce risk of regulator freezing
Mitigation
Procedures for managing a regulator freeze
Gas leaks
Wet breathing
Excessive work of breathing
Juddering, shuddering and moaning
Physical damage to the housing or components
See also
References
Content: Contents
1 Types of diving regulators
2 Open-circuit scuba regulators
2.1 Connection to the high pressure supply
2.1.1 CGA 850 connection
2.1.2 DIN connection
2.1.3 Adapters
2.1.4 Conversion kits
2.1.5 Other connection types
2.1.6 Cylinder valve types
2.2 Single-hose demand regulators
2.2.1 First stage
2.2.1.1 Piston-type first stage
2.2.1.2 Diaphragm-type first stage
2.2.1.3 Balancing
2.2.2 Interstage hose
2.2.3 Second-stage
2.2.3.1 Upstream valves
2.2.3.2 Downstream valves
2.2.3.3 Servo-controlled valves
2.2.3.4 Exhaust valves
2.2.3.5 Exhaust manifold
2.2.3.6 Purge button
2.2.3.7 User adjustable flow modifiers
2.3 Twin-hose demand regulators
3 Constant mass flow regulators
4 Surface supply regulators
5 Reclaim regulators
6 Built-in breathing system regulators
7 Malfunctions and failure modes
7.1 Inlet filter blockage
7.2 Sticking valves
7.3 Free-flow
7.4 Intermediate pressure creep
7.5 Regulator freezing
7.5.1 Mechanism of icing
7.5.2 First stage freezing
7.5.3 Interstage gas temperature
7.5.4 Second stage freeze
7.5.5 Surface supplied breathing equipment
7.5.6 Factors increasing the risk of regulator freeze
7.5.7 Precautions to reduce risk of regulator freezing
7.5.8 Mitigation
7.5.9 Procedures for managing a regulator freeze
7.6 Gas leaks
7.7 Wet breathing
7.8 Excessive work of breathing
7.9 Juddering, shuddering and moaning
7.10 Physical damage to the housing or components
8 See also
9 References
Types of diving regulators
Gas pressure regulators are used for several applications in the supply and handling of breathing gases for diving. Pressure reducing regulators are used to reduce gas pressure for supply to the diver in demand and free-flow open circuit breathing apparatus, in rebreather equipment, and in gas blending procedures. Back-pressure regulators are used in the exhaust systems of the built-in breathing systems of diving chambers, and in the recovery of used helium based breathing gas for recycling. Some of these regulators must work underwater, others in the more forgiving conditions of the surface support area. All must work consistently and reliably, but some are parts of safety-critical life-support systems, where a single point of failure must not put lives at risk. Open-circuit scuba regulators
Connection to the high pressure supply
See also: Diving cylinder § The cylinder valve
A 1964 scuba cylinder valve with reserve, commonly known as a "type J" valve. The inlet is threaded 3/4"-14 NPSM and the outlet is a standard CGA 850 yoke type. The first-stage of the scuba regulator may be connected to the cylinder valve by one of two standard types of fittings. The CGA 850 connector, also known as an international connector, which uses a yoke clamp, or a DIN screw fitting to connect it to the valve of the diving cylinder. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanism_of_diving_regulators |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_29053490#3_34387068 | Title: Mechanism of diving regulators - Wikipedia
Headings: Mechanism of diving regulators
Mechanism of diving regulators
Contents
Types of diving regulators
Open-circuit scuba regulators
Connection to the high pressure supply
CGA 850 connection
DIN connection
Adapters
Conversion kits
Other connection types
Cylinder valve types
Single-hose demand regulators
First stage
Piston-type first stage
Diaphragm-type first stage
Balancing
Interstage hose
Second-stage
Upstream valves
Downstream valves
Servo-controlled valves
Exhaust valves
Exhaust manifold
Purge button
User adjustable flow modifiers
Twin-hose demand regulators
Constant mass flow regulators
Surface supply regulators
Reclaim regulators
Built-in breathing system regulators
Malfunctions and failure modes
Inlet filter blockage
Sticking valves
Free-flow
Intermediate pressure creep
Regulator freezing
Mechanism of icing
First stage freezing
Interstage gas temperature
Second stage freeze
Surface supplied breathing equipment
Factors increasing the risk of regulator freeze
Precautions to reduce risk of regulator freezing
Mitigation
Procedures for managing a regulator freeze
Gas leaks
Wet breathing
Excessive work of breathing
Juddering, shuddering and moaning
Physical damage to the housing or components
See also
References
Content: Open-circuit scuba regulators
Connection to the high pressure supply
See also: Diving cylinder § The cylinder valve
A 1964 scuba cylinder valve with reserve, commonly known as a "type J" valve. The inlet is threaded 3/4"-14 NPSM and the outlet is a standard CGA 850 yoke type. The first-stage of the scuba regulator may be connected to the cylinder valve by one of two standard types of fittings. The CGA 850 connector, also known as an international connector, which uses a yoke clamp, or a DIN screw fitting to connect it to the valve of the diving cylinder. There are also European standards for scuba regulator connectors for gases other than air. CGA 850 connection
CGA 850 Yoke connectors (sometimes called A-clamps from their shape) are the most popular regulator connection in North America and several other countries. They clamp the high pressure inlet opening of the regulator against the outlet opening of the cylinder valve, and are sealed by an O-ring in a groove in the contact face of the cylinder valve. The user screws the clamp in place finger-tight to hold the metal surfaces of cylinder valve and regulator first stage in contact, compressing the o-ring between the radial faces of valve and regulator. When the valve is opened, gas pressure presses the O-ring against the outer cylindrical surface of the groove, completing the seal. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanism_of_diving_regulators |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_29053490#4_34389964 | Title: Mechanism of diving regulators - Wikipedia
Headings: Mechanism of diving regulators
Mechanism of diving regulators
Contents
Types of diving regulators
Open-circuit scuba regulators
Connection to the high pressure supply
CGA 850 connection
DIN connection
Adapters
Conversion kits
Other connection types
Cylinder valve types
Single-hose demand regulators
First stage
Piston-type first stage
Diaphragm-type first stage
Balancing
Interstage hose
Second-stage
Upstream valves
Downstream valves
Servo-controlled valves
Exhaust valves
Exhaust manifold
Purge button
User adjustable flow modifiers
Twin-hose demand regulators
Constant mass flow regulators
Surface supply regulators
Reclaim regulators
Built-in breathing system regulators
Malfunctions and failure modes
Inlet filter blockage
Sticking valves
Free-flow
Intermediate pressure creep
Regulator freezing
Mechanism of icing
First stage freezing
Interstage gas temperature
Second stage freeze
Surface supplied breathing equipment
Factors increasing the risk of regulator freeze
Precautions to reduce risk of regulator freezing
Mitigation
Procedures for managing a regulator freeze
Gas leaks
Wet breathing
Excessive work of breathing
Juddering, shuddering and moaning
Physical damage to the housing or components
See also
References
Content: There are also European standards for scuba regulator connectors for gases other than air. CGA 850 connection
CGA 850 Yoke connectors (sometimes called A-clamps from their shape) are the most popular regulator connection in North America and several other countries. They clamp the high pressure inlet opening of the regulator against the outlet opening of the cylinder valve, and are sealed by an O-ring in a groove in the contact face of the cylinder valve. The user screws the clamp in place finger-tight to hold the metal surfaces of cylinder valve and regulator first stage in contact, compressing the o-ring between the radial faces of valve and regulator. When the valve is opened, gas pressure presses the O-ring against the outer cylindrical surface of the groove, completing the seal. The diver must take care not to screw the yoke down too tightly, or it may prove impossible to remove without tools. Conversely, failing to tighten sufficiently can lead to O-ring extrusion under pressure and a major loss of breathing gas. This can be a serious problem if it happens when the diver is at depth. Yoke fittings are rated up to a maximum of 240 bar working pressure. The outlet of the CGA 850 valve is on a flat surface on the valve body, inside a concentric face-sealing O-ring groove, with a conical indentation on the opposite surface of the valve body, co-axial with the O-ring groove. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanism_of_diving_regulators |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_29053490#5_34392892 | Title: Mechanism of diving regulators - Wikipedia
Headings: Mechanism of diving regulators
Mechanism of diving regulators
Contents
Types of diving regulators
Open-circuit scuba regulators
Connection to the high pressure supply
CGA 850 connection
DIN connection
Adapters
Conversion kits
Other connection types
Cylinder valve types
Single-hose demand regulators
First stage
Piston-type first stage
Diaphragm-type first stage
Balancing
Interstage hose
Second-stage
Upstream valves
Downstream valves
Servo-controlled valves
Exhaust valves
Exhaust manifold
Purge button
User adjustable flow modifiers
Twin-hose demand regulators
Constant mass flow regulators
Surface supply regulators
Reclaim regulators
Built-in breathing system regulators
Malfunctions and failure modes
Inlet filter blockage
Sticking valves
Free-flow
Intermediate pressure creep
Regulator freezing
Mechanism of icing
First stage freezing
Interstage gas temperature
Second stage freeze
Surface supplied breathing equipment
Factors increasing the risk of regulator freeze
Precautions to reduce risk of regulator freezing
Mitigation
Procedures for managing a regulator freeze
Gas leaks
Wet breathing
Excessive work of breathing
Juddering, shuddering and moaning
Physical damage to the housing or components
See also
References
Content: The diver must take care not to screw the yoke down too tightly, or it may prove impossible to remove without tools. Conversely, failing to tighten sufficiently can lead to O-ring extrusion under pressure and a major loss of breathing gas. This can be a serious problem if it happens when the diver is at depth. Yoke fittings are rated up to a maximum of 240 bar working pressure. The outlet of the CGA 850 valve is on a flat surface on the valve body, inside a concentric face-sealing O-ring groove, with a conical indentation on the opposite surface of the valve body, co-axial with the O-ring groove. The yoke clamp fits around the valve body and the sealing face of the regulator inlet seats over the O-ring groove. A conically tipped screw locates in the indentation and when tightened, presses against the valve body and pulls the sealing face of the regulator inlet against the O-ring. This screw must be tightened sufficiently to maintain metal-to-metal contact between the regulator inlet and the valve body when the valve is opened at full cylinder pressure, and under normal working loads including minor impacts and using the regulator as a handle to lift the set, to prevent failure of the seal by O-ring extrusion and consequent loss of breathing gas. The screw must also not be over-tightened, as after use it must be removed by hand. The rigidity of the yoke varies depending on design, tightening is by hand and is left to the discretion of the user. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanism_of_diving_regulators |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_29053490#6_34395888 | Title: Mechanism of diving regulators - Wikipedia
Headings: Mechanism of diving regulators
Mechanism of diving regulators
Contents
Types of diving regulators
Open-circuit scuba regulators
Connection to the high pressure supply
CGA 850 connection
DIN connection
Adapters
Conversion kits
Other connection types
Cylinder valve types
Single-hose demand regulators
First stage
Piston-type first stage
Diaphragm-type first stage
Balancing
Interstage hose
Second-stage
Upstream valves
Downstream valves
Servo-controlled valves
Exhaust valves
Exhaust manifold
Purge button
User adjustable flow modifiers
Twin-hose demand regulators
Constant mass flow regulators
Surface supply regulators
Reclaim regulators
Built-in breathing system regulators
Malfunctions and failure modes
Inlet filter blockage
Sticking valves
Free-flow
Intermediate pressure creep
Regulator freezing
Mechanism of icing
First stage freezing
Interstage gas temperature
Second stage freeze
Surface supplied breathing equipment
Factors increasing the risk of regulator freeze
Precautions to reduce risk of regulator freezing
Mitigation
Procedures for managing a regulator freeze
Gas leaks
Wet breathing
Excessive work of breathing
Juddering, shuddering and moaning
Physical damage to the housing or components
See also
References
Content: The yoke clamp fits around the valve body and the sealing face of the regulator inlet seats over the O-ring groove. A conically tipped screw locates in the indentation and when tightened, presses against the valve body and pulls the sealing face of the regulator inlet against the O-ring. This screw must be tightened sufficiently to maintain metal-to-metal contact between the regulator inlet and the valve body when the valve is opened at full cylinder pressure, and under normal working loads including minor impacts and using the regulator as a handle to lift the set, to prevent failure of the seal by O-ring extrusion and consequent loss of breathing gas. The screw must also not be over-tightened, as after use it must be removed by hand. The rigidity of the yoke varies depending on design, tightening is by hand and is left to the discretion of the user. Fortunately the mechanism is fairly tolerant of variation in contact force. When the valve is opened, gas pressure on the O-ring presses it against the outer cylindrical surface of the groove and the face of the regulator inlet, squeezing the O-ring towards the contact surfaces of these parts. The pressure exerts a force to push the regulator away from the valve body, and if pre-load of the screw is insufficient the elasticity of the clamp will allow a gap to form between valve and regulator through which the O-ring may be extruded. When this happens, gas loss is rapid, and the valve must be closed and the clamp loosened, the O-ring inspected and possibly replaced. Recovery from an extruded O-ring underwater is often not possible and bailout to an independent gas supply or an emergency ascent may be necessary. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanism_of_diving_regulators |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_30940403#0_36639711 | Title: Medellín Cartel - Wikipedia
Headings: Medellín Cartel
Medellín Cartel
Medellín Cartel
Contents
History
Relations with the Colombian government
Fear of extradition
Alleged relation with the M-19
Assassinations
Legacy
In popular culture
See also
References
Further reading
Content: Medellín Cartel - Wikipedia
Medellín Cartel
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Former Colombian drug cartel
Medellín Cartel
Founded by
Pablo Escobar †
Founding location
Antioquia Department, Colombia
Years active
1972 –1993
Territory
Colombia ( Antioquia ), Panamá, California, New York City, Florida, Norman's Cay
Ethnicity
Colombians and international people out of Colombia. Criminal activities
Drug trafficking, arms trafficking, bombing, terrorism, assassinations, intimidation, bribery, kidnapping, extortion, money laundering
Allies
Guadalajara Cartel (defunct)
The Extraditables (defunct)
Muerte a Secuestradores (defunct)
La Corporación (defunct)
Los Priscos (defunct)
Chaldean mafia
Gulf Cartel
Cuba (alleged)
Nicaragua (alleged)
Rivals
Cali Cartel (defunct)
Los Pepes (defunct)
Search Bloc
Colombian government
American government
DEA
CIA
Medellín Cartel
Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria
Roberto de Jesús Escobar Gaviria
Gustavo de Jesús Gaviria Rivero
George Jung
Juan David Ochoa Vásquez
Griselda Blanco
José Gonzalo Rodríguez Gacha
Carlos Lehder Rivas
Jorge Luis Ochoa Vásquez
Fabio Ochoa Vásquez
John Jairo Arias Tascón 'Pinina'
v
t
e
The Medellín Cartel ( Spanish: Cartel de Medellín) was a powerful and highly organized Colombian drug cartel and terrorist -type criminal organization originating in the city of Medellín, Colombia that was founded and led by Pablo Escobar. The drug cartel operated from 1972 to 1993 in Bolivia, Colombia, Panama, Central America, Peru, the United States (which included cities such as Los Angeles and Miami ), as well as in Canada. Although the organization started out as a smuggling network in the early 1970s, it wasn't until 1976 that the organization turned to trafficking cocaine. At the height of its operations, the Medellín Cartel smuggled multiple tons of cocaine each week into countries around the world and brought in up to US$60 million daily in drug profits. Although notorious for once dominating the illegal cocaine trade, the organization, particularly in its later years was also noted for its use of violence for political aims and its asymmetric war against the Colombian government, primarily in the form of bombings, kidnappings, indiscriminate murder of law enforcement and political assassination. At its height, the Medellín Cartel was the largest drug cartel in the world and smuggled three times as much cocaine as their main competitors, the Cali Cartel, an international drug-trafficking organization based in the Valle del Cauca department of Colombia. At this time, the Medellín Cartel was generating over $20 billion annually. Contents
1 History
2 Relations with the Colombian government
3 Fear of extradition
4 Alleged relation with the M-19
5 Assassinations
6 Legacy
7 In popular culture
8 See also
9 References
10 Further reading
History
Griselda Blanco
Gonzalo Rodríguez Gacha
Pablo Escobar, Boss of the Medellín Cartel
In the late 1960s, illegal cocaine trade became a significant problem and became a major source of profit. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medell%C3%ADn_Cartel |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_30940403#1_36643429 | Title: Medellín Cartel - Wikipedia
Headings: Medellín Cartel
Medellín Cartel
Medellín Cartel
Contents
History
Relations with the Colombian government
Fear of extradition
Alleged relation with the M-19
Assassinations
Legacy
In popular culture
See also
References
Further reading
Content: At the height of its operations, the Medellín Cartel smuggled multiple tons of cocaine each week into countries around the world and brought in up to US$60 million daily in drug profits. Although notorious for once dominating the illegal cocaine trade, the organization, particularly in its later years was also noted for its use of violence for political aims and its asymmetric war against the Colombian government, primarily in the form of bombings, kidnappings, indiscriminate murder of law enforcement and political assassination. At its height, the Medellín Cartel was the largest drug cartel in the world and smuggled three times as much cocaine as their main competitors, the Cali Cartel, an international drug-trafficking organization based in the Valle del Cauca department of Colombia. At this time, the Medellín Cartel was generating over $20 billion annually. Contents
1 History
2 Relations with the Colombian government
3 Fear of extradition
4 Alleged relation with the M-19
5 Assassinations
6 Legacy
7 In popular culture
8 See also
9 References
10 Further reading
History
Griselda Blanco
Gonzalo Rodríguez Gacha
Pablo Escobar, Boss of the Medellín Cartel
In the late 1960s, illegal cocaine trade became a significant problem and became a major source of profit. Drug lord Pablo Escobar distributed cocaine for the Cartel in New York City and later Miami, establishing a crime network that at its height trafficked around 300 kilos per day. By 1982, cocaine surpassed coffee as the chief Colombian export. Private armies were raised to fight off guerrillas who were trying to either redistribute their lands to local peasants, kidnap them, or extort the gramaje money Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia or FARC) attempted to steal. At the end of 1981 and the beginning of 1982, members of the Medellín Cartel, the Colombian military, the U.S.-based corporation Texas Petroleum, the Colombian legislature, small industrialists, and wealthy cattle ranchers came together in a series of meetings in Puerto Boyacá and formed a paramilitary organization known as Muerte a Secuestradores ("Death to Kidnappers", MAS) to defend their economic interests, and to provide protection for local elites from kidnappings and extortion. By 1983, Colombian internal affairs had registered 240 political killings by MAS death squads, mostly community leaders, elected officials, and farmers. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medell%C3%ADn_Cartel |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_31934727#0_37711890 | Title: Media and gender - Wikipedia
Headings: Media and gender
Media and gender
Contents
History
Gender disparity in media careers
Representations of women
Under-representation and misrepresentation
Sexualization
Domestication
Abuse
Female characters as plot devices for male characters
Referred Pain
Disposable Woman
The Manic Pixie Dream Girl
Representations of men
Representations of transgender and non-binary characters
Gender Expectations in Pop Culture
Media
Music Industry
Video Games
Female Expectations
Male Expectations
Effects on youth
Stereotypes
Advertising/Television
Female Roles
Film Genres
Body image
Social Media
Responses and movements for change
Feminist response
International Organization and NGO response
UN Women
UNESCO
Geena Davis Institute
See also
References
Further reading
Content: Media and gender - Wikipedia
Media and gender
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The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with Western culture and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject. You may improve this article, discuss the issue on the talk page, or create a new article, as appropriate. ( April 2018) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Media and gender refers to the relationship between mass media and gender, and how gender is represented within media platforms. These platforms include but are not limited to film, radio, television, advertisement, social media, and video games. Initiatives and resources exist to promote gender equality and reinforce women's empowerment in the media industry and representations. For example, UNESCO, in cooperation with the International Federation of Journalists, elaborated the Gender-sensitive Indicators for Media contributing to gender equality and women's empowerment in all forms of media. Contents
1 History
2 Gender disparity in media careers
3 Representations of women
3.1 Under-representation and misrepresentation
3.2 Sexualization
3.3 Domestication
3.4 Abuse
3.5 Female characters as plot devices for male characters
3.5.1 Referred Pain
3.5.2 Disposable Woman
3.5.3 The Manic Pixie Dream Girl
4 Representations of men
5 Representations of transgender and non-binary characters
6 Gender Expectations in Pop Culture
6.1 Media
6.2 Music Industry
6.3 Video Games
6.3.1 Female Expectations
6.3.2 Male Expectations
7 Effects on youth
7.1 Stereotypes
7.1.1 Advertising/Television
7.1.1.1 Female Roles
7.1.1.2 Film Genres
7.2 Body image
7.2.1 Social Media
8 Responses and movements for change
8.1 Feminist response
8.2 International Organization and NGO response
8.2.1 UN Women
8.2.2 UNESCO
8.2.3 Geena Davis Institute
9 See also
10 References
11 Further reading
History
Feminist writers, largely gaining prominence in the 1967s during second wave feminism, began criticizing the Western canon for providing and promoting an exclusively white male world view. These feminists typically perceive gender as a social construct which is not only reflected in artistic work but perpetuated by it. Until fairly recently, feminists have mainly directed their studies to gender representations in literature. Recently, a new wave of academic studies focused on gender representations in modern society and culture (such as in the film, advertisement and cultural industries). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_and_gender |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_31934727#6_37727515 | Title: Media and gender - Wikipedia
Headings: Media and gender
Media and gender
Contents
History
Gender disparity in media careers
Representations of women
Under-representation and misrepresentation
Sexualization
Domestication
Abuse
Female characters as plot devices for male characters
Referred Pain
Disposable Woman
The Manic Pixie Dream Girl
Representations of men
Representations of transgender and non-binary characters
Gender Expectations in Pop Culture
Media
Music Industry
Video Games
Female Expectations
Male Expectations
Effects on youth
Stereotypes
Advertising/Television
Female Roles
Film Genres
Body image
Social Media
Responses and movements for change
Feminist response
International Organization and NGO response
UN Women
UNESCO
Geena Davis Institute
See also
References
Further reading
Content: The rise in female labor force participation can be due to a number of factors. Anti-discrimination laws, growing international emphasis on women's rights, greater accessibility to education and job opportunities, a breakdown of conventional gender roles, reduced economic reliance on men, and affordable housing are all factors that lead to women's changing position in the workforce. No longer only consumers of media but also contributors to media, they get more involved in decision-making and agenda of activities. This empowerment of women gives them abilities to promote balance in gender representations and avoid stereotypes. Media becomes a suitable ground for expressions and claims. For instance, it has been the case with the support of a special project called "Enhancing a gender responsive film sector in the Maghreb - Mashreq region" that has demonstrated that women empowerment in their career enhances the image of women in the audiovisual landscape. Representations of women
Under-representation and misrepresentation
In spite of their monumental achievements, women's representation in media remains drastically different to that of their male counterparts. Women are the focus of only 10% of news stories, comprise just 20% of experts or spokespeople interviewed, and a mere 4% of news stories are deemed to challenge gender stereotypes. Studies show that men are more likely to be quoted than women in the media, and more likely to cover "serious" topics. Women have been seriously marginalized in certain news categories such as politics, law, and business; | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_and_gender |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_31934727#7_37730117 | Title: Media and gender - Wikipedia
Headings: Media and gender
Media and gender
Contents
History
Gender disparity in media careers
Representations of women
Under-representation and misrepresentation
Sexualization
Domestication
Abuse
Female characters as plot devices for male characters
Referred Pain
Disposable Woman
The Manic Pixie Dream Girl
Representations of men
Representations of transgender and non-binary characters
Gender Expectations in Pop Culture
Media
Music Industry
Video Games
Female Expectations
Male Expectations
Effects on youth
Stereotypes
Advertising/Television
Female Roles
Film Genres
Body image
Social Media
Responses and movements for change
Feminist response
International Organization and NGO response
UN Women
UNESCO
Geena Davis Institute
See also
References
Further reading
Content: For instance, it has been the case with the support of a special project called "Enhancing a gender responsive film sector in the Maghreb - Mashreq region" that has demonstrated that women empowerment in their career enhances the image of women in the audiovisual landscape. Representations of women
Under-representation and misrepresentation
In spite of their monumental achievements, women's representation in media remains drastically different to that of their male counterparts. Women are the focus of only 10% of news stories, comprise just 20% of experts or spokespeople interviewed, and a mere 4% of news stories are deemed to challenge gender stereotypes. Studies show that men are more likely to be quoted than women in the media, and more likely to cover "serious" topics. Women have been seriously marginalized in certain news categories such as politics, law, and business; only about 30% of the news reports about government refer to women, while less than 20% of the financial news includes female sources. Furthermore, the news media always cites more ordinary opinions from female witnesses or citizens but leaves the majority of insightful statements to men. A central trend in black feminist thinking is challenging media portrayals of black women as mammies, matriarchs, jezebels, welfare mothers, and tragic mulattoes. " These assumptions represent and misrepresent both the ways in which black women perceive themselves (individually and collectively) and the ways in which they are perceived by others," Hudson claims. According to the report investigation of female characters in popular films across 11 countries, 1 woman for 2.24 men appeared on the screen between 1 January 2010 and 1 May 2013. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_and_gender |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_35853300#5_42344541 | Title: Medical education in Australia - Wikipedia
Headings: Medical education in Australia
Medical education in Australia
Medical Career Pathway
Contents
Medical School
Nomenclature
Undergraduate Entry
Graduate Entry
Syllabus
Internship
Residency
Registrarship / Speciality Training Programs
Registrars
Unaccredited Registrars
Medical Specialist Colleges
Hospitalists / Non-Vocational & Non-Specialist Doctors
Consultant Specialists & General Practitioners
Continuing Professional Development (CPD)
Recency of Practice
See also
References
Content: that said, students in the MBBS program commonly did nevertheless still pursue research on an extra-curricular basis. Regardless, both MBBS and MD awarded at any Australian medical school qualifies a person to be registered with the Medical Board as a medical practitioner and allow the graduate to be customarily addressed by their prefix title of 'Doctor (Dr.)'. It is also worthwhile to note that while the colloquialism of the term 'physician' in the United States is used to broadly refer to any type of medical practitioner, in Australia and the United Kingdom 'physician' typically refers to a medical practitioner who specialises in the field of internal medicine / general medicine or its sub-specialities; similarly, the 'surgeon' typically refers to a medical practitioner who specialists in a surgical specialty. In order to avoid confusion given the wide interpretation and availability of those who utilise the prefix of 'Doctor (Dr.)' in other professions, the Medical Board and relevant federal and state legislation has chosen to refer medical doctors formally as medical practitioners in Australia. Undergraduate Entry
Medical schools have traditionally in Australia followed the Commonwealth and United Kingdom by admitting students directly from secondary school (high school) matriculates. About half of the medical schools in Australia remain undergraduate in their admission. Applicants apply directly to the medical school and/or through the statewide facilitated university course placement program. Applicants are typically assessed by a combination of their: Australian Tertiary Admission Rank (ATAR) score which is derived from the state's secondary school exit exam performance,
University Clinical Aptitude Test (UCAT) score which assesses the suitability of the candidate for medicine based on psychometric, logic and reasoning assessment,
Curriculum vitae (CV) and references which should highlight any work experience and extra curricular achievements, such as musical or sporting,
Interview conducted by the respective university's medical school, which are typically multi-station and designed to further psycho-socially assess the candidate's suitability for medicine as well as assessing their merits
Undergraduate medical programs are typically 5 to 6 years in length following the traditional two-semester academic year (the exception to this is Bond University which has a three-semester academic year which allows students to complete the course in 4.6 years). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_education_in_Australia |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_35853300#6_42347795 | Title: Medical education in Australia - Wikipedia
Headings: Medical education in Australia
Medical education in Australia
Medical Career Pathway
Contents
Medical School
Nomenclature
Undergraduate Entry
Graduate Entry
Syllabus
Internship
Residency
Registrarship / Speciality Training Programs
Registrars
Unaccredited Registrars
Medical Specialist Colleges
Hospitalists / Non-Vocational & Non-Specialist Doctors
Consultant Specialists & General Practitioners
Continuing Professional Development (CPD)
Recency of Practice
See also
References
Content: Undergraduate Entry
Medical schools have traditionally in Australia followed the Commonwealth and United Kingdom by admitting students directly from secondary school (high school) matriculates. About half of the medical schools in Australia remain undergraduate in their admission. Applicants apply directly to the medical school and/or through the statewide facilitated university course placement program. Applicants are typically assessed by a combination of their: Australian Tertiary Admission Rank (ATAR) score which is derived from the state's secondary school exit exam performance,
University Clinical Aptitude Test (UCAT) score which assesses the suitability of the candidate for medicine based on psychometric, logic and reasoning assessment,
Curriculum vitae (CV) and references which should highlight any work experience and extra curricular achievements, such as musical or sporting,
Interview conducted by the respective university's medical school, which are typically multi-station and designed to further psycho-socially assess the candidate's suitability for medicine as well as assessing their merits
Undergraduate medical programs are typically 5 to 6 years in length following the traditional two-semester academic year (the exception to this is Bond University which has a three-semester academic year which allows students to complete the course in 4.6 years). Notwithstanding that there are some universities, while accepting the student as an undergraduate, typically require they complete a first degree in science (or something else) in addition to the medical degree that is to be completed concurrently. Graduate Entry
About half of medical schools in Australia have followed the United States and moved | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_education_in_Australia |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_50986399#4_58390015 | Title: Mel Renfro - Wikipedia
Headings: Mel Renfro
Mel Renfro
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mel Renfro
Contents
Early years
College career
Football
Track and field
Professional career
Personal life
References
External links
Content: As a sophomore and junior, he contributed to his team achieving a 23–0 record, including consecutive Class A-1 football state championships in 1957 and 1958. The Democrats' 1958 team is regarded as one of the greatest in Oregon prep history, which had a backfield that included him at halfback, quarterback Terry Baker ( 1962 Heisman Trophy winner at Oregon State ), halfback Mickey Hergert (one of the leading ground gainers in the nation at Lewis & Clark College) and his brother Raye Renfro at fullback (in 1958 he broke a Portland Interscholastic League record with 24 touchdowns ). After Baker graduated, Renfro saw playing time at quarterback as a senior in 1959 and was also an all-state selection at running back, as Jefferson pursued a third consecutive title. They again advanced to the championship game, played before more than 21,000 at Multnomah Stadium in Portland, but lost 7–6 to Medford. In track as a junior in 1959, he helped Jefferson win the team title by winning the 180-yard low hurdles, the 120-yard high hurdles (breaking the state record) and the broad jump state titles. In 1960, he broke two Oregon junior AAU championship records with a 120-yard high hurdles of 13.9 seconds and 19.3 seconds in the 180-yard low hurdles. Renfro also collected 32 points outscoring every team except one, recording the state record with a 24.1 broad jump and winning the low hurdles, high hurdles and the half-mile relay team. He was named outstanding athlete in the Golden West Invitational track meet, which brought annually the nation's top high school seniors. He was Track and Field News "High School Athlete of the Year" in 1960. In 1983, he was inducted into the Oregon Sports Hall of Fame . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Renfro |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_61400315#3_70856915 | Title: Memory improvement - Wikipedia
Headings: Memory improvement
Memory improvement
Contents
Memory function factors
Neuroplasticity
Stress
Strategies
Cognitive training
Personal Application & Intellectual Conception
Techniques to improve memory: visual memory
Psychopharmacology
Diet
Stress management
Exercise
Mental exercise
Memory aids
See also
Notes
References
Content: They undergo extensive training for 2–4 years, learning and memorizing street names, layout of streets within the city and the quickest cross-city routes. After studying London taxicab drivers over a period of time, it was found that the grey matter volume increased over time in the posterior hippocampus, an area in the brain involved heavily in memory. The longer taxi drivers navigated the streets of London, the greater the posterior hippocampal gray matter volume. This suggests a correlation between a healthy person's mental training or exercise and their brains capacity to manage greater volume and more complex information. The increase in volume actually led to a decrease in the taxi drivers' ability to acquire new visuo-spatial information. Stress
Research has found that chronic and acute stress have adverse effects on memory processing systems. Therefore, it is important to find mechanisms in which one can reduce the amount of stress in their lives when seeking to improve memory. Chronic stress has been shown to have negative impacts on the brain, especially in memory processing systems. The hippocampus is vulnerable to repeated stress due to adrenal steroid stress hormones. Elevated glucocorticoids, a class of adrenal steroid hormones, results in increased cortisol, a well known stress response hormone in the brain, and glucocorticoids are known to affect memory. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_improvement |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_61400315#4_70858876 | Title: Memory improvement - Wikipedia
Headings: Memory improvement
Memory improvement
Contents
Memory function factors
Neuroplasticity
Stress
Strategies
Cognitive training
Personal Application & Intellectual Conception
Techniques to improve memory: visual memory
Psychopharmacology
Diet
Stress management
Exercise
Mental exercise
Memory aids
See also
Notes
References
Content: Stress
Research has found that chronic and acute stress have adverse effects on memory processing systems. Therefore, it is important to find mechanisms in which one can reduce the amount of stress in their lives when seeking to improve memory. Chronic stress has been shown to have negative impacts on the brain, especially in memory processing systems. The hippocampus is vulnerable to repeated stress due to adrenal steroid stress hormones. Elevated glucocorticoids, a class of adrenal steroid hormones, results in increased cortisol, a well known stress response hormone in the brain, and glucocorticoids are known to affect memory. Prolonged high cortisol levels, as seen in chronic stress, have been shown to result in reduced hippocampal volume as well as deficits in hippocampal-dependent memory, as seen in impaired declarative, episodic, spatial, and contextual memory performance. Chronic, long-term high cortisol levels affect the degree of hippocampal atrophy, resulting in as much as a 14% hippocampal volume reduction and impaired hippocampus-dependent memory when compared to elderly subjects with decreased or moderate cortisol levels. An example may be found in the London taxi drivers, as the anterior hippocampus was hypothesized to decrease in volume as a result of elevated cortisol levels from stress. Acute stress, a more common form of stress, results in the release of adrenal steroids resulting in impaired short-term and working memory processes such as selective attention, memory consolidation, as well as long-term potentiation. The human brain has a limited short-term memory capacity to process information, which results in constant competition between stimuli to become processed. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_improvement |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_61400315#5_70861155 | Title: Memory improvement - Wikipedia
Headings: Memory improvement
Memory improvement
Contents
Memory function factors
Neuroplasticity
Stress
Strategies
Cognitive training
Personal Application & Intellectual Conception
Techniques to improve memory: visual memory
Psychopharmacology
Diet
Stress management
Exercise
Mental exercise
Memory aids
See also
Notes
References
Content: Prolonged high cortisol levels, as seen in chronic stress, have been shown to result in reduced hippocampal volume as well as deficits in hippocampal-dependent memory, as seen in impaired declarative, episodic, spatial, and contextual memory performance. Chronic, long-term high cortisol levels affect the degree of hippocampal atrophy, resulting in as much as a 14% hippocampal volume reduction and impaired hippocampus-dependent memory when compared to elderly subjects with decreased or moderate cortisol levels. An example may be found in the London taxi drivers, as the anterior hippocampus was hypothesized to decrease in volume as a result of elevated cortisol levels from stress. Acute stress, a more common form of stress, results in the release of adrenal steroids resulting in impaired short-term and working memory processes such as selective attention, memory consolidation, as well as long-term potentiation. The human brain has a limited short-term memory capacity to process information, which results in constant competition between stimuli to become processed. Cognitive control processes such as selective attention reduce this competition by prioritizing where attentional resources are distributed. Attention is crucial in memory processing and enhances encoding and strength of memory traces. It is therefore important to selectively attend to relevant information and ignore irrelevant information in order to have the greatest success at remembering. Animal and human studies provide evidence as they report that acute stress impairs the maintenance of short-term memory and working memory and aggravates neuropsychiatric disorders involved in short-term and working memory such as depression and schizophrenia. Animal studies with rats have also shown that exposure to acute stress reduces the survival of hippocampal neurons. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_improvement |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_63086500#4_72719472 | Title: Men's movement - Wikipedia
Headings: Men's movement
Men's movement
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Contents
Men's liberation movement
Pro-feminist men's movements
Men's and fathers' rights movements
Mythopoetic men's movement
Terminology
See also
References
Further reading
Content: The profeminist men's movement was influenced by second-wave feminism, the Black Power and student activism movement, the anti-war movement, and LGBT social movements of the 1960s and 1970s. It is the strand of the men's movement that generally embraces the egalitarian goals of feminism. The feminist movement refers to a series of political campaigns for reforms on issues such as reproductive rights, domestic violence, maternity leave, equal pay, women’s suffrage, sexual harassment, and sexual violence. The term is most often used to talk about men who support feminism and its efforts to bring about the political, economic, cultural, personal, and social equality of women with men. Many pro feminist men believe that masculinity is caused by homophobia and that the dominant model of masculinity is heterosexuality. Men who actively support feminism attempt to bring about gender justice and equality. Their sympathy for feminism revolves around a simple acceptance that men and women should be equal. Women should have the access to jobs and areas of public life as do men. The problem is that there are two general systems, the one fundamentally based on hierarchy and privilege and the other system pro feminist men disagree on, arguing that they must change the content of models of masculinity rather than get rid of notions of masculinity and femininity altogether. The fear of being seen as gay prevents boys and men from questioning and ultimately abandoning traditional masculinity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Men%27s_Movement |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_63086500#5_72721450 | Title: Men's movement - Wikipedia
Headings: Men's movement
Men's movement
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Contents
Men's liberation movement
Pro-feminist men's movements
Men's and fathers' rights movements
Mythopoetic men's movement
Terminology
See also
References
Further reading
Content: Men who actively support feminism attempt to bring about gender justice and equality. Their sympathy for feminism revolves around a simple acceptance that men and women should be equal. Women should have the access to jobs and areas of public life as do men. The problem is that there are two general systems, the one fundamentally based on hierarchy and privilege and the other system pro feminist men disagree on, arguing that they must change the content of models of masculinity rather than get rid of notions of masculinity and femininity altogether. The fear of being seen as gay prevents boys and men from questioning and ultimately abandoning traditional masculinity. Many pro-feminist men thus believe that men and masculinity will not change much until homophobia is radically undermined. Men have a vital role to play in the transformation of gender relations begun by feminism and the women’s movements. Pro-feminist men are welcome and important participants in this process. “ Studies of representations of masculinity in the media often highlight constructions that center masculinity around notions of violence, control, aggression." Profeminist men have questioned the cultural ideal of traditional masculinity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Men%27s_Movement |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_63475724#3_73220796 | Title: Men Going Their Own Way - Wikipedia
Headings: Men Going Their Own Way
Men Going Their Own Way
Contents
History
Membership
Ideology
Relation to other manosphere groups
Men's rights movement
Pickup artistry
Reactions
Notes
References
External links
Content: Following Reddit's 2017 ban of a large incel subreddit, r/MGTOW was briefly the largest and most active manosphere subreddit, falling to second most popular soon after. Reddit quarantined the r/MGTOW subreddit in January 2020, a restriction the platform applies to subreddits determined to be "extremely offensive or upsetting to the average redditor" which prevents them from appearing in the popular Reddit feeds, excludes them from search and recommendations, and requires visitors to agree to seeing potentially offensive content before entering. Membership
Members of MGTOW communities are primarily heterosexual, white, middle-class men from North America and Europe. Unlike some other manosphere groups, MGTOW is exclusively male. Jones and colleagues writing in New Media & Society in 2019 describe the size of MGTOW communities: " while the precise number of MGTOW followers is unclear, it appears to be a popular and growing group within the Manosphere: the subreddit r/MGTOW has grown from 54,000 members in early 2018 to 104,000 members in early 2019 and there are 32,859 members listed on one MGTOW forum." Author Donna Zuckerberg described MGTOW in her 2018 book Not All Dead White Men as smaller than the men's human rights movement and the seduction (pickup artistry) communities, with the MGTOW Forum having over 25,000 subscribers and r/MGTOW having over 35,000. Ideology
At the center of MGTOW ideology is the notion of male separatism and the belief that society has been corrupted by feminism. MGTOW groups are misogynist and anti-feminist, believing that feminism has made women dangerous to men, and that male self-preservation requires dissociating completely from women. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Men_Going_Their_Own_Way |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_63610623#0_73425793 | Title: Men in feminism - Wikipedia
Headings: Men in feminism
Men in feminism
Contents
History
Men's liberation movement
Men's rights movement
Male feminism and pro-feminism
Feminist men in popular culture
Justin Trudeau
This is what a feminist looks like
Equal pay support in Hollywood
Men supporting the Women's March 2017
Pro-feminist campaign
Men's studies
Recent polls
Recent studies
See also
References
Notes
External links
Content: Men in feminism - Wikipedia
Men in feminism
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Men and feminism)
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t
e
Since the 19th century, men have taken part in significant cultural and political responses to feminism within each " wave " of the movement. This includes seeking to establish equal opportunities for women in a range of social relations, generally done through a "strategic leveraging" of male privilege. Feminist men have also argued alongside writers like Bell Hooks, however, that men's liberation from the socio-cultural constraints of sexism and gender roles is a necessary part of feminist activism and scholarship. Contents
1 History
2 Men's liberation movement
3 Men's rights movement
4 Male feminism and pro-feminism
4.1 Feminist men in popular culture
4.1.1 Justin Trudeau
4.1.2 This is what a feminist looks like
4.1.3 Equal pay support in Hollywood
4.1.4 Men supporting the Women's March 2017
4.2 Pro-feminist campaign
5 Men's studies
6 Recent polls
7 Recent studies
8 See also
9 References
10 Notes
11 External links
History
Parker Pillsbury was born on September 22, 1809 in Hamilton, MA. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Men_and_feminism |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_64489978#0_74488164 | Title: Menacing - Wikipedia
Headings: Menacing
Menacing
Contents
Laws by state
Idaho
Ohio
Oregon
See also
References
External links
Content: Menacing - Wikipedia
Menacing
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Criminal offense in many U.S. states
Menacing or brandishing is a criminal offense in many U.S. states generally defined as displaying a weapon with the intent of placing another person in fear of imminent physical injury or death. Depending on state, degrees of offense range from a misdemeanor for first-time offenders, to low- to mid-level felonies for offenders with a prior menacing charge. Self-defense is often explicitly given as an exception. The tangentially related crime of "Menacing By Stalking" was introduced as a new charge in some states following the popularization of laws specifically targeting stalking behavior, in which a perpetrator adopts a long-term pattern of actions designed to frighten and harass a victim while still adhering to the letter of existing harassment laws. Contents
1 Laws by state
1.1 Idaho
1.2 Ohio
1.3 Oregon
2 See also
3 References
4 External links
Laws by state
Idaho
In Idaho the law on menacing reads as follows: TITLE 18 CRIMES AND PUNISHMENTS CHAPTER 33 FIREARMS, EXPLOSIVES AND OTHER DEADLY WEAPONS 18-3303. Exhibition or use of deadly weapon. Every person who, not in necessary self-defense, in the presence of two (2) or more persons, draws or exhibits any deadly weapon in a rude, angry and threatening manner, or who, in any manner, unlawfully uses the same, in any fight or quarrel, is guilty of a misdemeanor. History: [ 18-3303, added 1972, ch. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menacing |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_64489978#1_74489992 | Title: Menacing - Wikipedia
Headings: Menacing
Menacing
Contents
Laws by state
Idaho
Ohio
Oregon
See also
References
External links
Content: TITLE 18 CRIMES AND PUNISHMENTS CHAPTER 33 FIREARMS, EXPLOSIVES AND OTHER DEADLY WEAPONS 18-3303. Exhibition or use of deadly weapon. Every person who, not in necessary self-defense, in the presence of two (2) or more persons, draws or exhibits any deadly weapon in a rude, angry and threatening manner, or who, in any manner, unlawfully uses the same, in any fight or quarrel, is guilty of a misdemeanor. History: [ 18-3303, added 1972, ch. 336, sec. 1, p. 911.] Ohio
In Ohio, the laws on Menacing read as follows: 2903.22 Menacing. (A) No person shall knowingly cause another to believe that the offender will cause physical harm to the person or property of the other person, the other person's unborn, or a member of the other person's immediate family. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menacing |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_68207910#6_78680005 | Title: Mental health in education - Wikipedia
Headings: Mental health in education
Mental health in education
Contents
Prevalence of mental health issues in adolescents
Effects on academics and school life
Anxiety
Alcoholism
Depression
Suicide
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Middle school malaise
Policies in public schools
United States
COVID-19
Canada
Bhutan
Gross national happiness
United Kingdom
Singapore
Mexico
Japan and China
South Korea
Alleviation and fostering adjustment
Prevention
Belonging
See also
References
Content: Depression
In 2020, approximately 13% of youth aged 12 to 17 years old have had one major depressive episode (MDE) in the past year, with an overwhelming 70% left untreated. According to the National Center for Mental Health Checkups at Columbia University, "High depression scores have been associated with low academic achievement, high scholastic anxiety, increased school suspensions, and decreased ability or desire to complete homework, concentrate, and attend classes." Depression symptoms can make it challenging for students to keep up with course loads, or even find the energy to make it through the full school day. Students in college face everyday challenges that cause them to feel overwhelmed. Whether it be drowning in homework, homesickness, or even relationships, college is definitely a wild ride of emotions. Depression in can cause them to have problems in class, from completing their work, to even attending the class at all. Suicide
The U.S. Bureau of Vital Statistics indicates that suicide in the United States exceeds 600 children aged 10 to 19 per year. Some researches estimate that for every suicide in adolescence, there are between 50 and 100 non-fatal suicide attempts. Most suicides reported in Ohio from 1963 to 1965 revealed that they tended to be social outcasts (played no sports, had no hobbies, and were not part of any clubs). They also suggested that half of these students were failing or near-failing at the time of their deaths. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_health_in_education |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_77747819#0_89333047 | Title: Mere ownership effect - Wikipedia
Headings: Mere ownership effect
Mere ownership effect
Origins
Attachment theory
Self-referential memory theory
References
Content: Mere ownership effect - Wikipedia
Mere ownership effect
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The mere ownership effect is the observation that people who own a good tend to evaluate it more positively than people who do not. It is typically demonstrated in a paradigm in which some participants in an experiment are randomly assigned to own a good ("owners") by receiving it for free. Other participants are randomly assigned to simply evaluate the same good without receiving it. Participants who own the good typically rate it as more attractive or as liking it more than do participants who do not own it. It is not necessary to actually own a good to exhibit the mere ownership effect. Simply touching or imagining that one owns a good is enough to instantiate the mere ownership effect. The mere ownership effect is often used as a case in which people show the endowment effect that cannot be parsimoniously explained by loss aversion. Origins
Two routes have been proposed to explain the mere ownership effect. Both rely on the association of a good with the self. Attachment theory
One set of theorists believe that these self-associations take the form of an emotional attachment to the good. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mere_ownership_effect |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_85371797#0_98191177 | Title: Mesquite - Wikipedia
Headings: Mesquite
Mesquite
Contents
History
Etymology
Habitat
Uses
As an introduced and invasive species
Control strategies
Species
Gallery
See also
References
External links
Content: Mesquite - Wikipedia
Mesquite
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Several species of leguminous trees
This article is about a tree. For the city in Texas, see Mesquite, Texas. For the city in Nevada, see Mesquite, Nevada. For other uses, see Mesquite (disambiguation). Mesquite is a common name for several plants in the genus Prosopis, which contains over 40 species of small leguminous trees. They are native to dry areas in the Americas. They have extremely long roots to seek water from very far under ground. As a legume, mesquites are one of the few sources of fixed nitrogen in the desert habitat. These trees bloom from spring to summer. They often produce fruits known as "pods". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesquite |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_85371797#1_98192288 | Title: Mesquite - Wikipedia
Headings: Mesquite
Mesquite
Contents
History
Etymology
Habitat
Uses
As an introduced and invasive species
Control strategies
Species
Gallery
See also
References
External links
Content: They are native to dry areas in the Americas. They have extremely long roots to seek water from very far under ground. As a legume, mesquites are one of the few sources of fixed nitrogen in the desert habitat. These trees bloom from spring to summer. They often produce fruits known as "pods". Prosopis spp. are able to grow up to 8 m tall, depending on site and climate. They are deciduous and depending on location and rainfall can have either deep or shallow roots. Prosopis is considered long-lived because of the low mortality rate after the dicotyledonous stage and juveniles are also able to survive in conditions with low light and drought. The Cahuilla indigenous people of western North America were known to eat the seeds of mesquite. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesquite |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_85371797#2_98193418 | Title: Mesquite - Wikipedia
Headings: Mesquite
Mesquite
Contents
History
Etymology
Habitat
Uses
As an introduced and invasive species
Control strategies
Species
Gallery
See also
References
External links
Content: Prosopis spp. are able to grow up to 8 m tall, depending on site and climate. They are deciduous and depending on location and rainfall can have either deep or shallow roots. Prosopis is considered long-lived because of the low mortality rate after the dicotyledonous stage and juveniles are also able to survive in conditions with low light and drought. The Cahuilla indigenous people of western North America were known to eat the seeds of mesquite. Contents
1 History
2 Etymology
3 Habitat
4 Uses
5 As an introduced and invasive species
6 Control strategies
7 Species
8 Gallery
9 See also
10 References
11 External links
History
Prosopis spp. have been in North America since the Pliocene era and their wood has been dated to 3300 yr BP. They are thought to have evolved with megafauna in the New World. The loss of North American megafauna at the end of the Pleistocene era gave way to one theory of how the Prosopis spp. were able to survive. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesquite |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_85371797#4_98196053 | Title: Mesquite - Wikipedia
Headings: Mesquite
Mesquite
Contents
History
Etymology
Habitat
Uses
As an introduced and invasive species
Control strategies
Species
Gallery
See also
References
External links
Content: One theory is that the loss of the megafauna allowed Prosopis spp. to use their fruit pods to attract other organisms to spread their seeds; then, with the introduction of livestock, they were able to spread into grasslands. Another is that Prosopis spp. had always been present in grasslands, but recurring fires had delayed plant and seed development before the emergence of livestock and grazing. Etymology
The English word mesquite is borrowed from the Spanish word mezquite, which in turn was borrowed from the Nāhuatl term mizquitl. Habitat
Mesquites grow as a small shrub in shallow soil or as tall as 50 feet (15 m) in deep soil with adequate moisture, and forms a rounded canopy nearly as wide. They may have one or multiple trunks with a multitude of branches. They have bipinnate leaflets of a light green to blue hue that cast a light to deep shade, depending on the species. Spikes of flowers form in spring and summer that form a flat pod of beans 2 to 6 inches (51 to 152 mm) long. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesquite |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_85371797#5_98197440 | Title: Mesquite - Wikipedia
Headings: Mesquite
Mesquite
Contents
History
Etymology
Habitat
Uses
As an introduced and invasive species
Control strategies
Species
Gallery
See also
References
External links
Content: Etymology
The English word mesquite is borrowed from the Spanish word mezquite, which in turn was borrowed from the Nāhuatl term mizquitl. Habitat
Mesquites grow as a small shrub in shallow soil or as tall as 50 feet (15 m) in deep soil with adequate moisture, and forms a rounded canopy nearly as wide. They may have one or multiple trunks with a multitude of branches. They have bipinnate leaflets of a light green to blue hue that cast a light to deep shade, depending on the species. Spikes of flowers form in spring and summer that form a flat pod of beans 2 to 6 inches (51 to 152 mm) long. Many varieties form thorns. When cut to the ground, the tree can often recover. Uses
Nonfederal rangeland where native invasive mesquite species are present in the United States
Once the pod is dry, the whole pod is edible and can be ground into flour and made into bread . Mesquite is native to the US and can be used as a type of lumber. It was a popular type of wood used by early Spaniards to build ships, but is now used most commonly for high-end rustic furniture and cabinets. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesquite |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_85371797#15_98211143 | Title: Mesquite - Wikipedia
Headings: Mesquite
Mesquite
Contents
History
Etymology
Habitat
Uses
As an introduced and invasive species
Control strategies
Species
Gallery
See also
References
External links
Content: Another method is through the application of herbicides, done on an individual plant basis. Basal application is effective to mesquite of all sizes, while foliar application is best for plants smaller than 1.5 m. Another physical option for control is through fires. Some species of mesquite are fire-sensitive, while others are fire-tolerant. For those that are fire-sensitive, this method can be highly effective, but those that are fire-tolerant require hot and intense fires to be effective. In Australia, scientists are trying biological control methods. They have introduced multiple insects, but the most effective in causing high population level impact is the leaf-tying moth ( Evippe spp.). The most recommended method for managing Prosopis, both in native and introduced ranges, is by targeting large numbers of plants either through herbicide or physical removal. Also, research is being done on using satellite and aerial images to assess canopy cover and determine which ranges should be targeted. Species
Prosopis alba (white mesquite)
Prosopis cineraria
Prosopis chilensis (Chilean mesquite)
Prosopis glandulosa (honey mesquite)
Prosopis humilis
Prosopis juliflora
Prosopis laevigata (smooth mesquite)
Prosopis nigra (black mesquite)
Prosopis pallida
Prosopis pubescens (screwbean mesquite)
Prosopis reptans (tornillo)
Prosopis strombulifera (creeping mesquite)
Prosopis velutina (velvet mesquite)
Gallery
Screwbean pods
Screwbean flowers
Honey mesquite, foliage with seedpods
Velvet mesquite dried seeds
Velvet mesquite tree
Honey mesquite foliage
See also
Mesquite Bosque
Tamaulipan mezquital
References
^ a bKlinken, Rieks D. van; Graham, Jodi; | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesquite |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_99044137#0_112624084 | Title: Metrication in Ireland - Wikipedia
Headings: Metrication in Ireland
Metrication in Ireland
Contents
Metrication
Continuation of supplementary Imperial units
Exceptions to Irish metrication
Legal weights and measures for trade
Packaged goods
Other
References in Oireachtas debates
See also
Notes and references
Content: Metrication in Ireland - Wikipedia
Metrication in Ireland
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Information sign about the speed limit units used in Ireland
Metrication in the Republic of Ireland happened mostly in the 20th century and was officially completed in 2005, with a few exceptions. The island of Ireland gradually adopted the British imperial measurement system, fully replacing traditional Irish measure during the 19th century, and these units continued to be used after the independence of the Irish Free State (1922) and the establishment of the Republic of Ireland (1937/49). The Irish Free State joined the Metre Convention in 1925. In 1980 the European Union asked all of its member states to convert to the metric system, and in Ireland and the UK this process was originally to have been completed by 2009. Metrication succeeded in Ireland with the changeover fully completed in 2005, with some exceptions. Contents
1 Metrication
2 Continuation of supplementary Imperial units
3 Exceptions to Irish metrication
3.1 Legal weights and measures for trade
3.2 Packaged goods
3.3 Other
4 References in Oireachtas debates
5 See also
6 Notes and references
Metrication
During the First World War and after the Easter Rising, Charles A Stanuell, former President of the Statistical and Social Inquiry Society of Ireland, published a paper advocating the use of the metric system and a decimal currency in the UK, of which Ireland was then a part. Metrication in Ireland began in the 1970s and by 2005 was completed, with the main exception being that the imperial pint (568 ml) is still used in eateries and pubs for reasons of tradition. The phrase a "glass of beer" is a colloquial expression for a half-pint (284 ml). All other loose goods sold by volume must be sold using metric units. Distance signs had displayed kilometres since the 1970s but road speed limits were in miles per hour until January 2005, when they were changed to kilometres per hour. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metrication_in_Ireland |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_99044137#2_112628472 | Title: Metrication in Ireland - Wikipedia
Headings: Metrication in Ireland
Metrication in Ireland
Contents
Metrication
Continuation of supplementary Imperial units
Exceptions to Irish metrication
Legal weights and measures for trade
Packaged goods
Other
References in Oireachtas debates
See also
Notes and references
Content: Since 2005 all new cars sold in Ireland have speedometers that display only kilometres per hour; odometers generally became metric as well. The metric system is the only system taught in schools. Beginning in 1970, textbooks were changed to metric. Goods in shops are labelled in metric units. Continuation of supplementary Imperial units
See also: European units of measurement directives
In 2006 it became apparent that the 2009 cut-off for the use of Imperial supplementary units could cause problems in US-EU trade. After consultation, EU Directive 2009/3/EC of 11 March 2009, among other measures, permitted: The indefinite use of Imperial supplementary indications. The United Kingdom and Ireland to continue the limited exemptions concerning specified uses of the pint, mile and troy ounce, considering the absence of any impact of these exemptions on cross-border trade and the principle of subsidiarity; | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metrication_in_Ireland |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_104336844#0_117440218 | Title: Mexican Cession - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican Cession
Mexican Cession
Contents
Mexican–American War
Subsequent organization and the North–South conflict
Gadsden Purchase
See also
References
External links
Content: Mexican Cession - Wikipedia
Mexican Cession
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Land the US acquired following the Mexican-American War
Area Mexico ceded to the United States in 1848, minus Texan claims. The Mexican Cession consisted of present-day U.S. states of California, Nevada, Utah, most of Arizona, the western half of New Mexico, the western quarter of Colorado, and the southwest corner of Wyoming. The Mexican Cession ( Spanish: Cesión mexicana) is the region in the modern-day southwestern United States that Mexico ceded to the U.S. in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 after the Mexican–American War. This region had not been part of the areas east of the Rio Grande that had been claimed by the Republic of Texas, though the Texas annexation resolution three years earlier had not specified the southern and western boundary of the new state of Texas. The Mexican Cession (529,000 sq. miles; 1,370,104 km 2) was the third-largest acquisition of territory in US history. The largest was the Louisiana Purchase, with some 827,000 sq. miles (2,141,920 km 2; | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Cession |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_104365563#0_117495962 | Title: Mexican-American cuisine - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican-American cuisine
Mexican-American cuisine
Contents
History
Pre-Columbian Mexican cuisine
Influence of Spanish conquistadors
After Mexican independence
Diffusion to the United States
Tex-Mex cuisine
Mass production
American businesses
Americanized Mexican food chains
Rising popularity of original Mexican dishes in the United States
See also
References
Content: Mexican-American cuisine - Wikipedia
Mexican-American cuisine
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Mexican Cuisine in the United States)
Jump to navigation Jump to search
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Tacos are a common food in the Mexican cuisine
What many recognize as Mexican cuisine is the product of a storied fusion of cultures and flavors. Its culinary adaptability has impacted its spread and popularity on a global scale and its presence in the United States is no exception. Culinary staples like tortillas, salsa, chips, chili, burritos, and tacos help to formulate many Americans' notions of Mexican food. Due in part to big business, immigration, and widespread likability, Mexican food and dishes have largely become regular constituents in American homes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Cuisine_in_the_United_States |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_104365563#1_117498141 | Title: Mexican-American cuisine - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican-American cuisine
Mexican-American cuisine
Contents
History
Pre-Columbian Mexican cuisine
Influence of Spanish conquistadors
After Mexican independence
Diffusion to the United States
Tex-Mex cuisine
Mass production
American businesses
Americanized Mexican food chains
Rising popularity of original Mexican dishes in the United States
See also
References
Content: Use the lead layout guide to ensure the section follows Wikipedia's norms and is inclusive of all essential details. (December 2020)
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Tacos are a common food in the Mexican cuisine
What many recognize as Mexican cuisine is the product of a storied fusion of cultures and flavors. Its culinary adaptability has impacted its spread and popularity on a global scale and its presence in the United States is no exception. Culinary staples like tortillas, salsa, chips, chili, burritos, and tacos help to formulate many Americans' notions of Mexican food. Due in part to big business, immigration, and widespread likability, Mexican food and dishes have largely become regular constituents in American homes. While some of these popular iterations of Mexican food are far removed from their Mexican origins, they make up a large portion of the diets of many Americans. Additionally, more traditional Mexican cuisine is becoming increasingly common in the United States as it further diffuses to regions far from the U.S.-Mexico border. Contents
1 History
1.1 Pre-Columbian Mexican cuisine
1.2 Influence of Spanish conquistadors
1.3 After Mexican independence
1.4 Diffusion to the United States
2 Tex-Mex cuisine
2.1 Mass production
2.2 American businesses
2.3 Americanized Mexican food chains
3 Rising popularity of original Mexican dishes in the United States
4 See also
5 References
History
Pre-Columbian Mexican cuisine
Flat tortillas made of corn were common in the diet of indigenous Aztec people
Maize (corn) was the foundation of the diet of indigenous Aztec people due to its drought-resistance and plentiful yields. Indigenous people found several uses for maize, such as: Atole - thick, paste-like gruel made from boiled maize
Tortillas - flatbread made from ground maize and cooked over heat on clay surfaces
Tamales - steamed maize dough ( masa) with a spongy consistency
Native-grown vegetables included squash, tomatillo, tomato, cactus, and chile. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Cuisine_in_the_United_States |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_104365563#2_117500853 | Title: Mexican-American cuisine - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican-American cuisine
Mexican-American cuisine
Contents
History
Pre-Columbian Mexican cuisine
Influence of Spanish conquistadors
After Mexican independence
Diffusion to the United States
Tex-Mex cuisine
Mass production
American businesses
Americanized Mexican food chains
Rising popularity of original Mexican dishes in the United States
See also
References
Content: While some of these popular iterations of Mexican food are far removed from their Mexican origins, they make up a large portion of the diets of many Americans. Additionally, more traditional Mexican cuisine is becoming increasingly common in the United States as it further diffuses to regions far from the U.S.-Mexico border. Contents
1 History
1.1 Pre-Columbian Mexican cuisine
1.2 Influence of Spanish conquistadors
1.3 After Mexican independence
1.4 Diffusion to the United States
2 Tex-Mex cuisine
2.1 Mass production
2.2 American businesses
2.3 Americanized Mexican food chains
3 Rising popularity of original Mexican dishes in the United States
4 See also
5 References
History
Pre-Columbian Mexican cuisine
Flat tortillas made of corn were common in the diet of indigenous Aztec people
Maize (corn) was the foundation of the diet of indigenous Aztec people due to its drought-resistance and plentiful yields. Indigenous people found several uses for maize, such as: Atole - thick, paste-like gruel made from boiled maize
Tortillas - flatbread made from ground maize and cooked over heat on clay surfaces
Tamales - steamed maize dough ( masa) with a spongy consistency
Native-grown vegetables included squash, tomatillo, tomato, cactus, and chile. These vegetables formed the bases of many sauces and were often cooked with maize in a wide variety of dishes. Fish, birds, larger game, insects, berries, fruits, sugarcane, and rice, among other plants were also common staples of the indigenous diet. Similarly, chocolate was a common delicacy of the indigenous populations. Influence of Spanish conquistadors
Spanish conquistadors hoped to find foods in the New World similar to those they were familiar with from Spain. Aztec cuisine proved to be quite different, and the staple crops had not been developed sufficiently to support the livestock and populations the Spaniards hoped to establish. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Cuisine_in_the_United_States |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_104365563#4_117505187 | Title: Mexican-American cuisine - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican-American cuisine
Mexican-American cuisine
Contents
History
Pre-Columbian Mexican cuisine
Influence of Spanish conquistadors
After Mexican independence
Diffusion to the United States
Tex-Mex cuisine
Mass production
American businesses
Americanized Mexican food chains
Rising popularity of original Mexican dishes in the United States
See also
References
Content: They considered maize to be a better food for pigs than humans. The Spanish introduced wheat to the natives, who used it to make flour tortillas. Spanish settlers also introduced cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, horses, and donkeys as sources of food and labor. It took time for natives to acclimate to these European tastes, but over time, cultural blending did occur. After Mexican independence
By the eighteenth century, Spanish cuisine had evolved a blander taste that departed from its spicier culinary roots. This served as a contrast between Mexican cuisine at the time of the Mexican Revolution. Instead of further changing their cuisine to match that of Spain, patriotism in the new country led Mexicans to embrace their history of spicy foods, using chile as an integral part of many dishes. This marks one of the first major differences between the new Mexican nation and Spain. Diffusion to the United States
Dishes such as chili con carne gained popularity in the American Southwest and were later aided in their spread across the United States through canning techniques. Korean tacos from the "Seoul on Wheels" truck in San Francisco
American soldiers first came in contact with Mexican flavors during military endeavors in Texas throughout the 19th century, and some reports indicate that a handful of Mexican staple foods were further popularized during the 1893 World's Colombian Exposition in Chicago. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Cuisine_in_the_United_States |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_104365563#5_117507233 | Title: Mexican-American cuisine - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican-American cuisine
Mexican-American cuisine
Contents
History
Pre-Columbian Mexican cuisine
Influence of Spanish conquistadors
After Mexican independence
Diffusion to the United States
Tex-Mex cuisine
Mass production
American businesses
Americanized Mexican food chains
Rising popularity of original Mexican dishes in the United States
See also
References
Content: This served as a contrast between Mexican cuisine at the time of the Mexican Revolution. Instead of further changing their cuisine to match that of Spain, patriotism in the new country led Mexicans to embrace their history of spicy foods, using chile as an integral part of many dishes. This marks one of the first major differences between the new Mexican nation and Spain. Diffusion to the United States
Dishes such as chili con carne gained popularity in the American Southwest and were later aided in their spread across the United States through canning techniques. Korean tacos from the "Seoul on Wheels" truck in San Francisco
American soldiers first came in contact with Mexican flavors during military endeavors in Texas throughout the 19th century, and some reports indicate that a handful of Mexican staple foods were further popularized during the 1893 World's Colombian Exposition in Chicago. Especially in Texas, dishes such as chile con carne and tamales gained favor with the locals. The latter would be marketed by the shortened title of "chili" when canned and dispensed to the larger American public. Some of Mexican cuisine 's entrance into the United States can in part be attributed to the United States' expansion into what was then Northern Mexico as a result of the Mexican-American War and its termination with the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848. As the U.S. border crossed many Mexican citizens located in what is now the American Southwest, they maintained their culinary traditions. Additionally, much of the influx of Mexican cuisine in the United States can be attributed to Mexican migration. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Cuisine_in_the_United_States |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_104365563#6_117509509 | Title: Mexican-American cuisine - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican-American cuisine
Mexican-American cuisine
Contents
History
Pre-Columbian Mexican cuisine
Influence of Spanish conquistadors
After Mexican independence
Diffusion to the United States
Tex-Mex cuisine
Mass production
American businesses
Americanized Mexican food chains
Rising popularity of original Mexican dishes in the United States
See also
References
Content: Especially in Texas, dishes such as chile con carne and tamales gained favor with the locals. The latter would be marketed by the shortened title of "chili" when canned and dispensed to the larger American public. Some of Mexican cuisine 's entrance into the United States can in part be attributed to the United States' expansion into what was then Northern Mexico as a result of the Mexican-American War and its termination with the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848. As the U.S. border crossed many Mexican citizens located in what is now the American Southwest, they maintained their culinary traditions. Additionally, much of the influx of Mexican cuisine in the United States can be attributed to Mexican migration. Dating back to the 19th century railroad and agricultural industries, Mexican migration has been a key factor in the American Southwest and subsequent labor demands caused those migrant workers to move even farther north to states in the Midwest. Later government programs such as the Bracero Program (1942-1964) led to the temporary employment of millions of Mexican migrant workers, particularly in labor-intensive industries in Southwestern states. With such an influx of migrant workers came an increase in Mexican food in regions that previously experienced little ethnic influence from Mexico. Tex-Mex cuisine
Main article: Tex-Mex
Due to increasing globalization, cultural differences are not as clearly defined by national borders as in centuries before. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Cuisine_in_the_United_States |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_104365563#9_117515334 | Title: Mexican-American cuisine - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican-American cuisine
Mexican-American cuisine
Contents
History
Pre-Columbian Mexican cuisine
Influence of Spanish conquistadors
After Mexican independence
Diffusion to the United States
Tex-Mex cuisine
Mass production
American businesses
Americanized Mexican food chains
Rising popularity of original Mexican dishes in the United States
See also
References
Content: Mexican culinary practices that were brought to the Southwest were quickly combined with the local culture to create a new form of Mexican-style food; this culinary style is now recognized as Tex-Mex. This resulted in a new culinary combination that was originally unique to the American Southwest, but with time has spread to other parts of the U.S. and the world. Mass production
With the advent of industrialism and large corporations, many businesses began mass-producing certain foods, particularly those of the Tex-Mex variety. Not only has this made Americanized Mexican food more widely available to Americans, but also to people around the world. Some examples of mass-produced Tex-Mex cuisine include canned chili, a hybridized version of Mexican "chile con carne", as well as packaged tortillas, boxes of pre-cooked taco shells, frozen burritos, packages of pre-made guacamole, bottled salsa, and bottled nacho cheese. Many Americans confuse these foods with authentic Mexican foods. Commercial Mexican food in the United States represents a $41 billion industry. These businesses have loosely incorporated some aspects of genuine Mexican food, but altered them using traditional American ingredients and styles in order to appeal to a wide American consumer base. Many of these companies began in the 20th century, marking a relatively recent spread of Mexican-style foods into mainstream America. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Cuisine_in_the_United_States |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_104365563#10_117517372 | Title: Mexican-American cuisine - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican-American cuisine
Mexican-American cuisine
Contents
History
Pre-Columbian Mexican cuisine
Influence of Spanish conquistadors
After Mexican independence
Diffusion to the United States
Tex-Mex cuisine
Mass production
American businesses
Americanized Mexican food chains
Rising popularity of original Mexican dishes in the United States
See also
References
Content: Some examples of mass-produced Tex-Mex cuisine include canned chili, a hybridized version of Mexican "chile con carne", as well as packaged tortillas, boxes of pre-cooked taco shells, frozen burritos, packages of pre-made guacamole, bottled salsa, and bottled nacho cheese. Many Americans confuse these foods with authentic Mexican foods. Commercial Mexican food in the United States represents a $41 billion industry. These businesses have loosely incorporated some aspects of genuine Mexican food, but altered them using traditional American ingredients and styles in order to appeal to a wide American consumer base. Many of these companies began in the 20th century, marking a relatively recent spread of Mexican-style foods into mainstream America. American businesses
Many companies have capitalized on the American people's fascination with their version of Mexican cuisine. While businesses that produce authentic Mexican ingredients exist in locations near the border, the Americanized versions are much more common in typical grocery stores all across the nation. Many of these companies take on Spanish words or names for their brands, to increase credibility, while many of them are actually owned by large corporations such as Frito-Lay. Top American Producers of Mexican Food
Company Name
Year Introduced
Primary Products
Mission
1977
Tortillas
Pace
1947
Bottled Salsa
La Costeña
1923
Canned Chilies & Beans
Hormel
1891
Canned Chili
Old El Paso
1938
Taco Shells, Spices, Re-fried Beans
Tostitos
1979
Corn Tortilla Chips
José Olé
2000
Frozen Tacos, Burritos, Taquitos
La Victoria
1917
Enchilada Sauce, Nacho Cheese
Americanized Mexican food chains
"Mexican" restaurants make up a fairly large portion of the restaurant industry in the United States. Many of the most popular restaurants are large chains that have locations across the country. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Cuisine_in_the_United_States |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_104394875#2_117559358 | Title: Mexican drug war - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican drug war
Mexican drug war
Contents
Background
Presidents
Vicente Fox
Felipe Calderón
Enrique Peña Nieto
Andrés Manuel López Obrador
Drug sources and use
Sources
Use
Poverty
Education
Mexican cartels
The Origin and Birth
Major cartels in the war
Sinaloa Cartel
Beltrán-Leyva Cartel
Juárez Cartel
Tijuana Cartel
Gulf Cartel
Los Zetas
La Familia Cartel
Knights Templar
CJNG
Nueva Plaza Cartel
Cartel propaganda
Paramilitaries
Women
Firearms
Smuggling of firearms
Gun origins
Project Gunrunner
Operations
Operation Michoacán
Escalation (2008–12)
Los Zetas-Gulf cartel conflict
Effects in Mexico
Casualties
Violence
Government corruption
Impact on human rights
Impact on public health
Journalists and the media
Murders of politicians
Massacres and exploitation of migrants
Human trafficking
Effects internationally
Europe
Guatemala
West Africa
Ecuador
Canada
United States
U.S. death toll and national security
Controversies
Money laundering
Drug demand
See also
References
Further reading
External links
Content: Women in the Mexican Drug War
Mexico is supported by the United States in this conflict through the Mérida Initiative. Part of a series on the
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Pre-Columbian
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The Mexican drug war (also known as the Mexican war on drugs; Spanish: Guerra contra el narcotráfico en México) is the Mexican theater of the global war on drugs, as led by the U.S. federal government, that has resulted in an ongoing asymmetric low-intensity conflict between the Mexican government and various drug trafficking syndicates. When the Mexican military began to intervene in 2006, the government's principal goal was to reduce drug-related violence. The Mexican government has asserted that their primary focus is on dismantling the powerful drug cartels, and on preventing drug trafficking demand along with the U.S. functionaries. Violence escalated soon after the arrest of Miguel Ángel Félix Gallardo in 1989; he was the leader and the founder of the first Mexican drug cartel, the Guadalajara Cartel, an alliance of the current existing cartels (which included the Sinaloa Cartel, the Juarez Cartel, the Tijuana Cartel, and the Sonora Cartel ). Due to his arrest, the alliance broke and certain high-ranking members formed their own cartels and each of them fought for control of territory and trafficking routes. Although Mexican drug trafficking organizations have existed for several decades, their influence increased after the demise of the Colombian Cali and Medellín cartels in the 1990s. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Drug_War |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_104394875#3_117562944 | Title: Mexican drug war - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican drug war
Mexican drug war
Contents
Background
Presidents
Vicente Fox
Felipe Calderón
Enrique Peña Nieto
Andrés Manuel López Obrador
Drug sources and use
Sources
Use
Poverty
Education
Mexican cartels
The Origin and Birth
Major cartels in the war
Sinaloa Cartel
Beltrán-Leyva Cartel
Juárez Cartel
Tijuana Cartel
Gulf Cartel
Los Zetas
La Familia Cartel
Knights Templar
CJNG
Nueva Plaza Cartel
Cartel propaganda
Paramilitaries
Women
Firearms
Smuggling of firearms
Gun origins
Project Gunrunner
Operations
Operation Michoacán
Escalation (2008–12)
Los Zetas-Gulf cartel conflict
Effects in Mexico
Casualties
Violence
Government corruption
Impact on human rights
Impact on public health
Journalists and the media
Murders of politicians
Massacres and exploitation of migrants
Human trafficking
Effects internationally
Europe
Guatemala
West Africa
Ecuador
Canada
United States
U.S. death toll and national security
Controversies
Money laundering
Drug demand
See also
References
Further reading
External links
Content: The Mexican government has asserted that their primary focus is on dismantling the powerful drug cartels, and on preventing drug trafficking demand along with the U.S. functionaries. Violence escalated soon after the arrest of Miguel Ángel Félix Gallardo in 1989; he was the leader and the founder of the first Mexican drug cartel, the Guadalajara Cartel, an alliance of the current existing cartels (which included the Sinaloa Cartel, the Juarez Cartel, the Tijuana Cartel, and the Sonora Cartel ). Due to his arrest, the alliance broke and certain high-ranking members formed their own cartels and each of them fought for control of territory and trafficking routes. Although Mexican drug trafficking organizations have existed for several decades, their influence increased after the demise of the Colombian Cali and Medellín cartels in the 1990s. Mexican drug cartels now dominate the wholesale illicit drug market and in 2007 controlled 90% of the cocaine entering the United States. Arrests of key cartel leaders, particularly in the Tijuana and Gulf cartels, have led to increasing drug violence as cartels fight for control of the trafficking routes into the United States. Federal law enforcement has been reorganized at least five times since 1982 in various attempts to control corruption and reduce cartel violence. During that same period, there have been at least four elite special forces created as new, corruption-free soldiers who could do battle with Mexico's endemic bribery system. Analysts estimate that wholesale earnings from illicit drug sales range from $13.6 to $49.4 billion annually. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Drug_War |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_104394875#6_117572660 | Title: Mexican drug war - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican drug war
Mexican drug war
Contents
Background
Presidents
Vicente Fox
Felipe Calderón
Enrique Peña Nieto
Andrés Manuel López Obrador
Drug sources and use
Sources
Use
Poverty
Education
Mexican cartels
The Origin and Birth
Major cartels in the war
Sinaloa Cartel
Beltrán-Leyva Cartel
Juárez Cartel
Tijuana Cartel
Gulf Cartel
Los Zetas
La Familia Cartel
Knights Templar
CJNG
Nueva Plaza Cartel
Cartel propaganda
Paramilitaries
Women
Firearms
Smuggling of firearms
Gun origins
Project Gunrunner
Operations
Operation Michoacán
Escalation (2008–12)
Los Zetas-Gulf cartel conflict
Effects in Mexico
Casualties
Violence
Government corruption
Impact on human rights
Impact on public health
Journalists and the media
Murders of politicians
Massacres and exploitation of migrants
Human trafficking
Effects internationally
Europe
Guatemala
West Africa
Ecuador
Canada
United States
U.S. death toll and national security
Controversies
Money laundering
Drug demand
See also
References
Further reading
External links
Content: Contents
1 Background
1.1 Presidents
1.1.1 Vicente Fox
1.1.2 Felipe Calderón
1.1.3 Enrique Peña Nieto
1.1.4 Andrés Manuel López Obrador
1.2 Drug sources and use
1.2.1 Sources
1.2.2 Use
1.3 Poverty
1.3.1 Education
2 Mexican cartels
2.1 The Origin and Birth
2.2 Major cartels in the war
2.2.1 Sinaloa Cartel
2.2.2 Beltrán-Leyva Cartel
2.2.3 Juárez Cartel
2.2.4 Tijuana Cartel
2.2.5 Gulf Cartel
2.2.6 Los Zetas
2.2.7 La Familia Cartel
2.2.8 Knights Templar
2.2.9 CJNG
2.2.10 Nueva Plaza Cartel
3 Cartel propaganda
4 Paramilitaries
5 Women
6 Firearms
6.1 Smuggling of firearms
6.1.1 Gun origins
6.1.2 Project Gunrunner
7 Operations
7.1 Operation Michoacán
7.2 Escalation (2008–12)
7.3 Los Zetas-Gulf cartel conflict
8 Effects in Mexico
8.1 Casualties
8.2 Violence
8.3 Government corruption
8.4 Impact on human rights
8.5 Impact on public health
8.6 Journalists and the media
8.7 Murders of politicians
8.8 Massacres and exploitation of migrants
8.9 Human trafficking
9 Effects internationally
9.1 Europe
9.2 Guatemala
9.3 West Africa
9.4 Ecuador
9.5 Canada
9.6 United States
9.6.1 U.S. death toll and national security
10 Controversies
10.1 Money laundering
10.2 Drug demand
11 See also
12 References
13 Further reading
14 External links
Background
See also: Timeline of the Mexican drug war
Due to its location, Mexico has long been used as a staging and transshipment point for narcotics and contraband between Latin America and U.S. markets. Mexican bootleggers supplied alcohol to the United States gangsters throughout the duration of Prohibition in the United States, and the onset of the illegal drug trade with the U.S. began when prohibition came to an end in 1933. Towards the end of the 1960s, Mexican narcotic smugglers started to smuggle drugs on a major scale. During the 1970s and early 1980s, Colombia 's Pablo Escobar was the main exporter of cocaine and dealt with organized criminal networks all over the world. While Escobar's Medellin Cartel and the Cali Cartel would manufacture the products, Miguel Ángel Félix Gallardo 's Guadalajara Cartel would oversee distribution. When enforcement efforts intensified in South Florida and the Caribbean, the Colombian organizations formed partnerships with the Mexico-based traffickers to transport cocaine by land through Mexico into the United States. This was easily accomplished because Mexico had long been a major source of heroin and cannabis, and drug traffickers from Mexico had already established an infrastructure that stood ready to serve the Colombia-based traffickers. By the mid-1980s, the organizations from Mexico were well-established and reliable transporters of Colombian cocaine. At first, the Mexican gangs were paid in cash for their transportation services, but in the late 1980s, the Mexican transport organizations and the Colombian drug traffickers settled on a payment-in-product arrangement. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Drug_War |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_104394875#7_117576985 | Title: Mexican drug war - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican drug war
Mexican drug war
Contents
Background
Presidents
Vicente Fox
Felipe Calderón
Enrique Peña Nieto
Andrés Manuel López Obrador
Drug sources and use
Sources
Use
Poverty
Education
Mexican cartels
The Origin and Birth
Major cartels in the war
Sinaloa Cartel
Beltrán-Leyva Cartel
Juárez Cartel
Tijuana Cartel
Gulf Cartel
Los Zetas
La Familia Cartel
Knights Templar
CJNG
Nueva Plaza Cartel
Cartel propaganda
Paramilitaries
Women
Firearms
Smuggling of firearms
Gun origins
Project Gunrunner
Operations
Operation Michoacán
Escalation (2008–12)
Los Zetas-Gulf cartel conflict
Effects in Mexico
Casualties
Violence
Government corruption
Impact on human rights
Impact on public health
Journalists and the media
Murders of politicians
Massacres and exploitation of migrants
Human trafficking
Effects internationally
Europe
Guatemala
West Africa
Ecuador
Canada
United States
U.S. death toll and national security
Controversies
Money laundering
Drug demand
See also
References
Further reading
External links
Content: While Escobar's Medellin Cartel and the Cali Cartel would manufacture the products, Miguel Ángel Félix Gallardo 's Guadalajara Cartel would oversee distribution. When enforcement efforts intensified in South Florida and the Caribbean, the Colombian organizations formed partnerships with the Mexico-based traffickers to transport cocaine by land through Mexico into the United States. This was easily accomplished because Mexico had long been a major source of heroin and cannabis, and drug traffickers from Mexico had already established an infrastructure that stood ready to serve the Colombia-based traffickers. By the mid-1980s, the organizations from Mexico were well-established and reliable transporters of Colombian cocaine. At first, the Mexican gangs were paid in cash for their transportation services, but in the late 1980s, the Mexican transport organizations and the Colombian drug traffickers settled on a payment-in-product arrangement. Transporters from Mexico usually were given 35% to 50% of each cocaine shipment. This arrangement meant that organizations from Mexico became involved in the distribution, as well as the transportation of cocaine, and became formidable traffickers in their own right. In recent years, the Sinaloa Cartel and the Gulf Cartel have taken over trafficking cocaine from Colombia to the worldwide markets. The balance of power between the various Mexican cartels continually shifts as new organizations emerge and old | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Drug_War |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_105179963#7_118250304 | Title: Mexican Texas - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican Texas
Mexican Texas
Contents
Mexican independence
Immigration
Rising tensions
International issues
Precursor to revolt
Texas Revolution
See also
References
Sources
Further reading
External links
Content: The Congress did allow Texas the option of forming its own state "'as soon as it feels capable of doing so.'" The new state, the poorest in the Mexican federation, covered the boundaries of Spanish Texas but did not include the area around El Paso, which belonged to the state of Chihuahua and the area of Laredo, Texas, which became part of Tamaulipas. The capital of Texas moved from San Antonio to Monclova and then to Saltillo. Along with the states of Tamaulipas and Nuevo León, Coahuila y Tejas was under a unified military organization. With the formation of a new state government, the Texas provincial governing committee was forced to disband. Many Tejanos were reluctant to give up their self-rule. The 1824 constitution dismantled the mission system, requiring missions more than ten years old to be converted into parishes, while newer missions would be given until 1842 to become secularized. Most of the missions had been secularized before the 1820s, and only Missions Refugio, Espiritu Santo and Rosario were not currently secularized. By 1830, these missions had been converted into parishes, and most of the mission Natives moved to other settlements in Texas. As the missions were secularized, the mission lands were distributed amongst the Natives, who would later be taxed on the profits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Texas |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_105179963#8_118252054 | Title: Mexican Texas - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican Texas
Mexican Texas
Contents
Mexican independence
Immigration
Rising tensions
International issues
Precursor to revolt
Texas Revolution
See also
References
Sources
Further reading
External links
Content: Many Tejanos were reluctant to give up their self-rule. The 1824 constitution dismantled the mission system, requiring missions more than ten years old to be converted into parishes, while newer missions would be given until 1842 to become secularized. Most of the missions had been secularized before the 1820s, and only Missions Refugio, Espiritu Santo and Rosario were not currently secularized. By 1830, these missions had been converted into parishes, and most of the mission Natives moved to other settlements in Texas. As the missions were secularized, the mission lands were distributed amongst the Natives, who would later be taxed on the profits. The new Mexican government was bankrupt and had little money to devote to the military. Settlers were empowered to create their own militias to help control hostile Native American tribes. Texas faced raids from both the Apache and Comanche tribes, and with little military support the few settlers in the region needed help. In the hopes that an influx of settlers could control the Indian raids, the government liberalized its immigration policies for the region for the first time, and settlers from the United States were permitted in the colonies for the first time. Immigration
The Centralist Republic with the separatist movements generated by the dissolution of the Federal Republic. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Texas |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_105251982#0_118308433 | Title: Mexican art - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican art
Mexican art
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Contents
Pre-Columbian art
Gallery
Colonial era, 1521–1821
The early colonial era and criollo and indigenous artists and influences
Gallery
Mexican Baroque
Gallery
Virgin of Guadalupe
Gallery
Portraiture
Gallery
History paintings and other secular art
Gallery
Casta painting
Gallery
Biombos, or folding screens
Gallery
The Academy of San Carlos
List of Colonial Mexican artists
Independence to the outbreak of the Mexican Revolution, 1821–1910
Early Post-independence era to the Mid Nineteenth Century
Gallery
Gallery
Monuments and sculpture
Gallery
20th century
Mexican muralism and Revolutionary art
Gallery
Other Artistic Expressions 1920–1950
The Rupture Movement
The Olympics in Mexico City (1968) and later
Neo-expressionism
Neomexicanismo
Postmodern
Art collections and galleries
Art criticism
20th century Mexican artists
Most prominent painters with international reputations
Others of note
21st century
Modern Mexican visual artists
Popular arts and handcrafts
Cinema
Photography in Mexico
Gallery
See also
Further reading
General – Latin American art
General – Mexican art
Prehispanic art
Colonial-era art
Nineteenth-century art
Modern art
Photography
Cinema
Popular arts and artisanry
References
External links
Content: Mexican art - Wikipedia
Mexican art
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Detail of a mural by Diego Rivera at the National Palace (Mexico)
Various types of visual arts developed in the geographical area now known as Mexico. The development of these arts roughly follows the history of Mexico, divided into the prehispanic Mesoamerican era, the colonial period, with the period after Mexican War of Independence, the development Mexican national identity through art in the nineteenth century, and the florescence of modern Mexican art after the Mexican Revolution (1910-1920). Mesoamerican art is that produced in an area that encompasses much of what is now central and southern Mexico, before the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire for a period of about 3,000 years from Mexican Art can be bright and colourful this is called encopended. During this time, all influences on art production were indigenous, with art heavily tied to religion and the ruling class. There was little to no real distinction among art, architecture, and writing. The Spanish conquest led to 300 years of Spanish colonial rule, and art production remained tied to religion—most art was associated with the construction and decoration of churches, but secular art expanded in the eighteenth century, particularly casta paintings, portraiture, and history painting. Almost all art produced was in the European tradition, with late colonial-era artists trained at the Academy of San Carlos, but indigenous elements remained, beginning a continuous balancing act between European and indigenous traditions. After Independence, art remained heavily European in style, but indigenous themes appeared in major works as liberal Mexico sought to distinguish itself from its Spanish colonial past. This preference for indigenous elements continued into the first half of the 20th century, with the Social Realism or Mexican muralist movement led by artists such as Diego Rivera, David Alfaro Siqueiros, José Clemente Orozco, and Fernando Leal, who were commissioned by the post- Mexican Revolution government to create a visual narrative of Mexican history and culture. The strength of this artistic movement was such that it affected newly invented technologies, such as still photography and cinema, and strongly promoted popular arts and crafts as part of Mexico's identity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_art |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_105251982#1_118312875 | Title: Mexican art - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican art
Mexican art
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Contents
Pre-Columbian art
Gallery
Colonial era, 1521–1821
The early colonial era and criollo and indigenous artists and influences
Gallery
Mexican Baroque
Gallery
Virgin of Guadalupe
Gallery
Portraiture
Gallery
History paintings and other secular art
Gallery
Casta painting
Gallery
Biombos, or folding screens
Gallery
The Academy of San Carlos
List of Colonial Mexican artists
Independence to the outbreak of the Mexican Revolution, 1821–1910
Early Post-independence era to the Mid Nineteenth Century
Gallery
Gallery
Monuments and sculpture
Gallery
20th century
Mexican muralism and Revolutionary art
Gallery
Other Artistic Expressions 1920–1950
The Rupture Movement
The Olympics in Mexico City (1968) and later
Neo-expressionism
Neomexicanismo
Postmodern
Art collections and galleries
Art criticism
20th century Mexican artists
Most prominent painters with international reputations
Others of note
21st century
Modern Mexican visual artists
Popular arts and handcrafts
Cinema
Photography in Mexico
Gallery
See also
Further reading
General – Latin American art
General – Mexican art
Prehispanic art
Colonial-era art
Nineteenth-century art
Modern art
Photography
Cinema
Popular arts and artisanry
References
External links
Content: The Spanish conquest led to 300 years of Spanish colonial rule, and art production remained tied to religion—most art was associated with the construction and decoration of churches, but secular art expanded in the eighteenth century, particularly casta paintings, portraiture, and history painting. Almost all art produced was in the European tradition, with late colonial-era artists trained at the Academy of San Carlos, but indigenous elements remained, beginning a continuous balancing act between European and indigenous traditions. After Independence, art remained heavily European in style, but indigenous themes appeared in major works as liberal Mexico sought to distinguish itself from its Spanish colonial past. This preference for indigenous elements continued into the first half of the 20th century, with the Social Realism or Mexican muralist movement led by artists such as Diego Rivera, David Alfaro Siqueiros, José Clemente Orozco, and Fernando Leal, who were commissioned by the post- Mexican Revolution government to create a visual narrative of Mexican history and culture. The strength of this artistic movement was such that it affected newly invented technologies, such as still photography and cinema, and strongly promoted popular arts and crafts as part of Mexico's identity. Since the 1950s, Mexican art has broken away from the muralist style and has been more globalized, integrating elements from Asia, with Mexican artists and filmmakers having an effect on the global stage. Contents
1 Pre-Columbian art
1.1 Gallery
2 Colonial era, 1521–1821
2.1 The early colonial era and criollo and indigenous artists and influences
2.1.1 Gallery
2.2 Mexican Baroque
2.2.1 Gallery
2.3 Virgin of Guadalupe
2.3.1 Gallery
2.4 Portraiture
2.4.1 Gallery
2.5 History paintings and other secular art
2.5.1 Gallery
2.6 Casta painting
2.6.1 Gallery
2.7 Biombos, or folding screens
2.7.1 Gallery
2.8 The Academy of San Carlos
2.9 List of Colonial Mexican artists
3 Independence to the outbreak of the Mexican Revolution, 1821–1910
3.1 Early Post-independence era to the Mid Nineteenth Century
3.1.1 Gallery
3.1.2 Gallery
3.2 Monuments and sculpture
3.2.1 Gallery
4 20th century
4.1 Mexican muralism and Revolutionary art
4.1.1 Gallery
4.2 Other Artistic Expressions 1920–1950
4.3 The Rupture Movement
4.4 The Olympics in Mexico City (1968) and later
4.5 Neo-expressionism
4.6 Neomexicanismo
4.7 Postmodern
4.8 Art collections and galleries
4.9 Art criticism
4.10 20th century Mexican artists
4.10.1 Most prominent painters with international reputations
4.10.2 Others of note
5 21st century
5.1 Modern Mexican visual artists
6 Popular arts and handcrafts
7 Cinema
8 Photography in Mexico
8.1 Gallery
9 See also
10 Further reading
10.1 General – Latin American art
10.2 General – Mexican art
10.3 Prehispanic art
10.4 Colonial-era art
10.5 Nineteenth-century art
10.6 Modern art
10.7 Photography
10.8 Cinema
10.9 Popular arts and artisanry
11 References
12 External links
Pre-Columbian art
See also: Aztec codices and Visual arts by indigenous peoples of the Americas
Painting cave in Yucatán
A Maya mural at Bonampak, 8th century AD. It is believed that the American continent's oldest rock art, 7500 years old, is found in a cave on the peninsula of Baja California. The pre-Hispanic art of Mexico belongs to a cultural region known as Mesoamerica, which roughly corresponds to central Mexico on into Central America, encompassing three thousand years from 1500 BCE to 1500 CE generally divided into three eras: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_art |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_105840807#0_118777959 | Title: Mexican muralism - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican muralism
Mexican muralism
Contents
Antecedents
Mural movement
After the mural project at the National Preparatory High School
Artistry
Los Tres Grandes (The Three Great Ones)
El Cuarto Grande (The Fourth Great One)
" Nacimiento de Nuestra Nacionalidad " (The Birth of Our Nationality)
Revolutionary artistry
Political expression
Influence
Women of Mexican muralism
Aurora Reyes Flores, first woman muralist
Elena Huerta Muzquiz, artist of the biggest mural created by a woman in Mexico
Rina Lazo, Rivera's assistant for 10 years until his death, his "right hand"
See also
Further reading
References
External links
Content: Mexican muralism - Wikipedia
Mexican muralism
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20th century art movement in Mexico
Mural by Diego Rivera showing the pre-Columbian Aztec city of Tenochtitlán. In the Palacio Nacional in Mexico City. Mexican muralism was the promotion of mural painting starting in the 1920s, generally with social and political messages as part of efforts to reunify the country under the post- Mexican Revolution government. It was headed by "the big three" painters, Diego Rivera, José Clemente Orozco and David Alfaro Siqueiros. From the 1920s to the 1970s many murals with nationalistic, social and political messages were created on public buildings, starting a tradition which continues to this day in Mexico and has had impact in other parts of the Americas, including the United States, where it served as inspiration for the Chicano art movement . Contents
1 Antecedents
2 Mural movement
2.1 After the mural project at the National Preparatory High School
3 Artistry
4 Los Tres Grandes (The Three Great Ones)
5 El Cuarto Grande (The Fourth Great One)[21]
5.1 "Nacimiento de Nuestra Nacionalidad" (The Birth of Our Nationality)
5.2 Revolutionary artistry
5.3 Political expression
6 Influence
7 Women of Mexican muralism
7.1 Aurora Reyes Flores, first woman muralist[34]
7.2 Elena Huerta Muzquiz, artist of the biggest mural created by a woman in Mexico
7.3 Rina Lazo, Rivera's assistant for 10 years until his death, his "right hand"
8 See also
9 Further reading
10 References
11 External links
Antecedents
Mural from Bonampak
Mexico has had a tradition of painting murals, starting with the Olmec civilization in the pre Hispanic period and into the colonial period, with murals mostly painted to evangelize and reinforce Christian doctrine. The modern mural tradition has its roots in the 19th century, with this use of political and social themes. The first Mexican mural painter to use philosophical themes in his work was Juan Cordero in the mid-19th century. Although he did mostly work with religious themes such as the cupola of the Santa Teresa Church and other churches, he painted a secular mural at the request of Gabino Barreda at the Escuela Nacional Preparatoria (since disappeared). 1903 broadsheet by José Guadalupe Posada
The latter 19th century was dominated politically by the Porfirio Díaz regime. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_muralism |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_105840807#1_118781258 | Title: Mexican muralism - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican muralism
Mexican muralism
Contents
Antecedents
Mural movement
After the mural project at the National Preparatory High School
Artistry
Los Tres Grandes (The Three Great Ones)
El Cuarto Grande (The Fourth Great One)
" Nacimiento de Nuestra Nacionalidad " (The Birth of Our Nationality)
Revolutionary artistry
Political expression
Influence
Women of Mexican muralism
Aurora Reyes Flores, first woman muralist
Elena Huerta Muzquiz, artist of the biggest mural created by a woman in Mexico
Rina Lazo, Rivera's assistant for 10 years until his death, his "right hand"
See also
Further reading
References
External links
Content: Contents
1 Antecedents
2 Mural movement
2.1 After the mural project at the National Preparatory High School
3 Artistry
4 Los Tres Grandes (The Three Great Ones)
5 El Cuarto Grande (The Fourth Great One)[21]
5.1 "Nacimiento de Nuestra Nacionalidad" (The Birth of Our Nationality)
5.2 Revolutionary artistry
5.3 Political expression
6 Influence
7 Women of Mexican muralism
7.1 Aurora Reyes Flores, first woman muralist[34]
7.2 Elena Huerta Muzquiz, artist of the biggest mural created by a woman in Mexico
7.3 Rina Lazo, Rivera's assistant for 10 years until his death, his "right hand"
8 See also
9 Further reading
10 References
11 External links
Antecedents
Mural from Bonampak
Mexico has had a tradition of painting murals, starting with the Olmec civilization in the pre Hispanic period and into the colonial period, with murals mostly painted to evangelize and reinforce Christian doctrine. The modern mural tradition has its roots in the 19th century, with this use of political and social themes. The first Mexican mural painter to use philosophical themes in his work was Juan Cordero in the mid-19th century. Although he did mostly work with religious themes such as the cupola of the Santa Teresa Church and other churches, he painted a secular mural at the request of Gabino Barreda at the Escuela Nacional Preparatoria (since disappeared). 1903 broadsheet by José Guadalupe Posada
The latter 19th century was dominated politically by the Porfirio Díaz regime. This government was the first to push for the cultural development of the country, supporting the Academy of San Carlos and sending promising artists abroad to study. However, this effort left out indigenous culture and people, with the aim of making Mexico like Europe. Gerardo Murillo, also known as Dr. Atl, is considered to be the first modern Mexican muralist with the idea that Mexican art should reflect Mexican life. Academy training and the government had only promoted imitations of European art. Atl and other early muralists pressured the Diaz government to allow them to paint on building walls to escape this formalism. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_muralism |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_105840807#2_118784265 | Title: Mexican muralism - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican muralism
Mexican muralism
Contents
Antecedents
Mural movement
After the mural project at the National Preparatory High School
Artistry
Los Tres Grandes (The Three Great Ones)
El Cuarto Grande (The Fourth Great One)
" Nacimiento de Nuestra Nacionalidad " (The Birth of Our Nationality)
Revolutionary artistry
Political expression
Influence
Women of Mexican muralism
Aurora Reyes Flores, first woman muralist
Elena Huerta Muzquiz, artist of the biggest mural created by a woman in Mexico
Rina Lazo, Rivera's assistant for 10 years until his death, his "right hand"
See also
Further reading
References
External links
Content: This government was the first to push for the cultural development of the country, supporting the Academy of San Carlos and sending promising artists abroad to study. However, this effort left out indigenous culture and people, with the aim of making Mexico like Europe. Gerardo Murillo, also known as Dr. Atl, is considered to be the first modern Mexican muralist with the idea that Mexican art should reflect Mexican life. Academy training and the government had only promoted imitations of European art. Atl and other early muralists pressured the Diaz government to allow them to paint on building walls to escape this formalism. Atl also organized an independent exhibition of native Mexican artists promoting many indigenous and national themes along with color schemes that would later appear in mural painting. The first modern Mexican mural, painted by Atl, was a series of female nudes using "Atlcolor", a substance Atl invented himself, very shortly before the beginning of the Mexican Revolution. Another influence on the young artists of the late Porfirian period was the graphic work of José Guadalupe Posada, who mocked European styles and created cartoons with social and political criticism. Critiquing the political policies of the Díaz dictatorship through art was popularized by Posada. Posada influenced muralists to embrace and continue criticizing the Díaz dictatorship in their works. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_muralism |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_105840807#3_118786559 | Title: Mexican muralism - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican muralism
Mexican muralism
Contents
Antecedents
Mural movement
After the mural project at the National Preparatory High School
Artistry
Los Tres Grandes (The Three Great Ones)
El Cuarto Grande (The Fourth Great One)
" Nacimiento de Nuestra Nacionalidad " (The Birth of Our Nationality)
Revolutionary artistry
Political expression
Influence
Women of Mexican muralism
Aurora Reyes Flores, first woman muralist
Elena Huerta Muzquiz, artist of the biggest mural created by a woman in Mexico
Rina Lazo, Rivera's assistant for 10 years until his death, his "right hand"
See also
Further reading
References
External links
Content: Atl also organized an independent exhibition of native Mexican artists promoting many indigenous and national themes along with color schemes that would later appear in mural painting. The first modern Mexican mural, painted by Atl, was a series of female nudes using "Atlcolor", a substance Atl invented himself, very shortly before the beginning of the Mexican Revolution. Another influence on the young artists of the late Porfirian period was the graphic work of José Guadalupe Posada, who mocked European styles and created cartoons with social and political criticism. Critiquing the political policies of the Díaz dictatorship through art was popularized by Posada. Posada influenced muralists to embrace and continue criticizing the Díaz dictatorship in their works. The muralists also embraced the characters and satire present in Posada’s works. The Mexican Revolution itself was the culmination of political and social opposition to Porfirio Díaz policies. One important oppositional group was a small intellectual community that included Antonio Curo, Alfonso Reyes and José Vasconcelos. They promoted a populist philosophy that coincided with the social and political criticism of Atl and Posada and influenced the next generation of painters such as Diego Rivera, José Clemente Orozco and David Alfaro Siqueiros. These ideas gained power as a result of the Mexican Revolution, which overthrew the Díaz regime in less than a year. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_muralism |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_105840807#4_118788913 | Title: Mexican muralism - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican muralism
Mexican muralism
Contents
Antecedents
Mural movement
After the mural project at the National Preparatory High School
Artistry
Los Tres Grandes (The Three Great Ones)
El Cuarto Grande (The Fourth Great One)
" Nacimiento de Nuestra Nacionalidad " (The Birth of Our Nationality)
Revolutionary artistry
Political expression
Influence
Women of Mexican muralism
Aurora Reyes Flores, first woman muralist
Elena Huerta Muzquiz, artist of the biggest mural created by a woman in Mexico
Rina Lazo, Rivera's assistant for 10 years until his death, his "right hand"
See also
Further reading
References
External links
Content: The muralists also embraced the characters and satire present in Posada’s works. The Mexican Revolution itself was the culmination of political and social opposition to Porfirio Díaz policies. One important oppositional group was a small intellectual community that included Antonio Curo, Alfonso Reyes and José Vasconcelos. They promoted a populist philosophy that coincided with the social and political criticism of Atl and Posada and influenced the next generation of painters such as Diego Rivera, José Clemente Orozco and David Alfaro Siqueiros. These ideas gained power as a result of the Mexican Revolution, which overthrew the Díaz regime in less than a year. However, there was nearly a decade of fighting among the various factions vying for power. Governments changed frequently with a number of assassinations, including that of Francisco I. Madero who initiated the struggle. It ended in the early 1920s with one-party rule in the hands of the Álvaro Obregón faction, which became the Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI). During the Revolution, Atl supported the Carranza faction and promoted the work of Rivera, Orozco and Siqueiros, who would later be the founders of the muralism movement. Through the war and until 1921, Atl continued to paint murals among other activities including teaching the Mexico's next generation of artists and muralists. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_muralism |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_105840807#5_118791189 | Title: Mexican muralism - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican muralism
Mexican muralism
Contents
Antecedents
Mural movement
After the mural project at the National Preparatory High School
Artistry
Los Tres Grandes (The Three Great Ones)
El Cuarto Grande (The Fourth Great One)
" Nacimiento de Nuestra Nacionalidad " (The Birth of Our Nationality)
Revolutionary artistry
Political expression
Influence
Women of Mexican muralism
Aurora Reyes Flores, first woman muralist
Elena Huerta Muzquiz, artist of the biggest mural created by a woman in Mexico
Rina Lazo, Rivera's assistant for 10 years until his death, his "right hand"
See also
Further reading
References
External links
Content: However, there was nearly a decade of fighting among the various factions vying for power. Governments changed frequently with a number of assassinations, including that of Francisco I. Madero who initiated the struggle. It ended in the early 1920s with one-party rule in the hands of the Álvaro Obregón faction, which became the Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI). During the Revolution, Atl supported the Carranza faction and promoted the work of Rivera, Orozco and Siqueiros, who would later be the founders of the muralism movement. Through the war and until 1921, Atl continued to paint murals among other activities including teaching the Mexico's next generation of artists and muralists. Mural movement
Eagle and snake image from the Colegio San Ildefonso project by Jean Charlot. In 1921, after the end of the military phase of the Revolution, José Vasconcelos was appointed to head the Secretaría de Educación Pública. At the time, most of the Mexican population was illiterate and the government needed a way to promote the ideals of the Mexican Revolution. It was Vasconcelos's idea to have a government-backed mural program for this purpose. Similar to mural use in the pre Hispanic period and during the colonial period, the purpose of these murals were not simply aesthetic, but social, to promote certain ideals. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_muralism |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_105840807#6_118793425 | Title: Mexican muralism - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican muralism
Mexican muralism
Contents
Antecedents
Mural movement
After the mural project at the National Preparatory High School
Artistry
Los Tres Grandes (The Three Great Ones)
El Cuarto Grande (The Fourth Great One)
" Nacimiento de Nuestra Nacionalidad " (The Birth of Our Nationality)
Revolutionary artistry
Political expression
Influence
Women of Mexican muralism
Aurora Reyes Flores, first woman muralist
Elena Huerta Muzquiz, artist of the biggest mural created by a woman in Mexico
Rina Lazo, Rivera's assistant for 10 years until his death, his "right hand"
See also
Further reading
References
External links
Content: Mural movement
Eagle and snake image from the Colegio San Ildefonso project by Jean Charlot. In 1921, after the end of the military phase of the Revolution, José Vasconcelos was appointed to head the Secretaría de Educación Pública. At the time, most of the Mexican population was illiterate and the government needed a way to promote the ideals of the Mexican Revolution. It was Vasconcelos's idea to have a government-backed mural program for this purpose. Similar to mural use in the pre Hispanic period and during the colonial period, the purpose of these murals were not simply aesthetic, but social, to promote certain ideals. These ideals or principles were to glorify the Mexican Revolution and the identity of Mexico as a mestizo nation, with the indigenous promoted as well as the Spanish. The government began to hire the country's best artists to paint murals, calling some of them home from Europe including Diego Rivera. These initial muralists included Dr. Atl, Ramón Alva de la Canal, Federico Cantú and others but the main three would be David Alfaro Siqueiros, José Clemente Orozco and Diego Rivera. His time as secretary was short but it set how muralism would develop. His image was painted on a tempera mural in 1921 by Roberto Montenegro, but this was short lived. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_muralism |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_105840807#7_118795616 | Title: Mexican muralism - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican muralism
Mexican muralism
Contents
Antecedents
Mural movement
After the mural project at the National Preparatory High School
Artistry
Los Tres Grandes (The Three Great Ones)
El Cuarto Grande (The Fourth Great One)
" Nacimiento de Nuestra Nacionalidad " (The Birth of Our Nationality)
Revolutionary artistry
Political expression
Influence
Women of Mexican muralism
Aurora Reyes Flores, first woman muralist
Elena Huerta Muzquiz, artist of the biggest mural created by a woman in Mexico
Rina Lazo, Rivera's assistant for 10 years until his death, his "right hand"
See also
Further reading
References
External links
Content: These ideals or principles were to glorify the Mexican Revolution and the identity of Mexico as a mestizo nation, with the indigenous promoted as well as the Spanish. The government began to hire the country's best artists to paint murals, calling some of them home from Europe including Diego Rivera. These initial muralists included Dr. Atl, Ramón Alva de la Canal, Federico Cantú and others but the main three would be David Alfaro Siqueiros, José Clemente Orozco and Diego Rivera. His time as secretary was short but it set how muralism would develop. His image was painted on a tempera mural in 1921 by Roberto Montenegro, but this was short lived. His successor at the Secretaría de Educación Pública ordered it painted out. The muralists differed in style and temperament, but all believed that art was for the education and betterment of the people. This was behind their acceptance of these commissions as well as their creation of the Syndicate of Technical Workers, Painters, and Sculptors. Mural in the Palacio de Bellas Artes by Rufino Tamayo. The first government sponsored mural project was on the three levels of interior walls of the old Jesuit institution Colegio San Ildefonso, at that time used for the Escuela Nacional Preparatoria. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_muralism |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_105840807#8_118797768 | Title: Mexican muralism - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican muralism
Mexican muralism
Contents
Antecedents
Mural movement
After the mural project at the National Preparatory High School
Artistry
Los Tres Grandes (The Three Great Ones)
El Cuarto Grande (The Fourth Great One)
" Nacimiento de Nuestra Nacionalidad " (The Birth of Our Nationality)
Revolutionary artistry
Political expression
Influence
Women of Mexican muralism
Aurora Reyes Flores, first woman muralist
Elena Huerta Muzquiz, artist of the biggest mural created by a woman in Mexico
Rina Lazo, Rivera's assistant for 10 years until his death, his "right hand"
See also
Further reading
References
External links
Content: His successor at the Secretaría de Educación Pública ordered it painted out. The muralists differed in style and temperament, but all believed that art was for the education and betterment of the people. This was behind their acceptance of these commissions as well as their creation of the Syndicate of Technical Workers, Painters, and Sculptors. Mural in the Palacio de Bellas Artes by Rufino Tamayo. The first government sponsored mural project was on the three levels of interior walls of the old Jesuit institution Colegio San Ildefonso, at that time used for the Escuela Nacional Preparatoria. However, most of the murals in the Escuela National Preparatoria were done by José Clemente Orozco with themes of a mestizo Mexico, the ideas of renovation and the tragedies of the Revolution; Fernando Leal painted ["dancers of Chalma"] "Los danzantes de Chalma", no earlier than 1922. Opposite that mural, Jean Charlot painted La conquista de Tenochtitlán (Conquest of Tenochtitlan) by Jean Charlot—invited by Leal. After the mural project at the National Preparatory High School
This project at the institution was followed by projects at the Palacio Nacional, the interior walls of the Palacio de Bellas Artes, the Escuela Nacional de Chapingo the Escuela Nacional de Medicina and the Secretaria de Educación Pública building among many others. Ramón Alva de la Canal, Mural at Colegio San Ildefonso
The movement was strongest from the 1920s to the 1950s, which corresponded to the country's transformation from a mostly rural and mostly illiterate society to an industrialized one. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_muralism |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_105840807#9_118800273 | Title: Mexican muralism - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican muralism
Mexican muralism
Contents
Antecedents
Mural movement
After the mural project at the National Preparatory High School
Artistry
Los Tres Grandes (The Three Great Ones)
El Cuarto Grande (The Fourth Great One)
" Nacimiento de Nuestra Nacionalidad " (The Birth of Our Nationality)
Revolutionary artistry
Political expression
Influence
Women of Mexican muralism
Aurora Reyes Flores, first woman muralist
Elena Huerta Muzquiz, artist of the biggest mural created by a woman in Mexico
Rina Lazo, Rivera's assistant for 10 years until his death, his "right hand"
See also
Further reading
References
External links
Content: However, most of the murals in the Escuela National Preparatoria were done by José Clemente Orozco with themes of a mestizo Mexico, the ideas of renovation and the tragedies of the Revolution; Fernando Leal painted ["dancers of Chalma"] "Los danzantes de Chalma", no earlier than 1922. Opposite that mural, Jean Charlot painted La conquista de Tenochtitlán (Conquest of Tenochtitlan) by Jean Charlot—invited by Leal. After the mural project at the National Preparatory High School
This project at the institution was followed by projects at the Palacio Nacional, the interior walls of the Palacio de Bellas Artes, the Escuela Nacional de Chapingo the Escuela Nacional de Medicina and the Secretaria de Educación Pública building among many others. Ramón Alva de la Canal, Mural at Colegio San Ildefonso
The movement was strongest from the 1920s to the 1950s, which corresponded to the country's transformation from a mostly rural and mostly illiterate society to an industrialized one. While today they are part of Mexico's identity, at the time they were controversial, especially those with socialist messages plastered on centuries-old colonial buildings. One of the basic underpinnings of the nascence of a post revolutionary Mexican art was that it should be public, available to the citizenry and above all not the province of a few wealthy collectors. The great societal upheaval made the concept possible as well as a lack of relatively wealthy middle class to support the arts. On this, the painters and the government agreed. One other point of agreement was that artists should have complete freedom of expression. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_muralism |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_18_105840807#10_118802803 | Title: Mexican muralism - Wikipedia
Headings: Mexican muralism
Mexican muralism
Contents
Antecedents
Mural movement
After the mural project at the National Preparatory High School
Artistry
Los Tres Grandes (The Three Great Ones)
El Cuarto Grande (The Fourth Great One)
" Nacimiento de Nuestra Nacionalidad " (The Birth of Our Nationality)
Revolutionary artistry
Political expression
Influence
Women of Mexican muralism
Aurora Reyes Flores, first woman muralist
Elena Huerta Muzquiz, artist of the biggest mural created by a woman in Mexico
Rina Lazo, Rivera's assistant for 10 years until his death, his "right hand"
See also
Further reading
References
External links
Content: While today they are part of Mexico's identity, at the time they were controversial, especially those with socialist messages plastered on centuries-old colonial buildings. One of the basic underpinnings of the nascence of a post revolutionary Mexican art was that it should be public, available to the citizenry and above all not the province of a few wealthy collectors. The great societal upheaval made the concept possible as well as a lack of relatively wealthy middle class to support the arts. On this, the painters and the government agreed. One other point of agreement was that artists should have complete freedom of expression. This would lead to another element added to the murals over their development. In addition to the original ideas of a reconstructed Mexico and the elevation of Mexico's indigenous and rural identity, many of the muralists, including the three main painters, also included elements of Marxism, especially the struggle of the working class against oppression. This struggle, which had been going on since the sixteenth century, along with class, culture, and race conflicts were interpreted by muralists. The inception and early years of Mexico's muralist movement are often considered the most ideologically pure and untainted by contradictions between socialist ideals and government manipulation. This initial phase is referred to as the "heroic" phase while the period after 1930 is the "statist" phase with the transition to the latter phase caused by José Vasconcelos's resignation in 1924. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_muralism |
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