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msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_929239235#4_1731851357 | Title: 3.2 Values – Ethics in Law Enforcement
Headings: 3.2 Values
3.2 Values
Canadian Border Services Agency (CBSA)
BC Corrections [1]
Vancouver Police Department
Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) [2]
Content: Values are not solely limited to what the agency believes are core values, but also include one’s personal and outside values. ( Caldero and Crank, 2004). For example, applicants to the Vancouver Police Department should be aware of the agency’s values and demonstrate how they have incorporated these values into their everyday personal and professional life. We are inclined to have similar values that are shared among other members of the agency. Values are important for law enforcement officers and should be shared and agreed upon by all members. These imparted values are concentrated throughout the agency and become part of the agency’s culture. Working with various constituents and members of other agencies also requires officers to consider their values. The Canadian Border Services Agency articulates the full integration of values from various sectors of society in its values statement, which reads: Values are a compass that guides us in everything we do; they represent what we believe and care about. | https://opentextbc.ca/ethicsinlawenforcement/chapter/3-2-values/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_929650263#0_1732722734 | Title: 17.4 Sea-Level Change – Physical Geology
Headings: 17.4 Sea-Level Change
17.4 Sea-Level Change
Exercise 17.4 A Holocene Uplifted Shore
Content: 17.4 Sea-Level Change – Physical Geology
Chapter 17 Shorelines
17.4 Sea-Level Change
Sea-level change has been a feature on Earth for billions of years, and it has important implications for coastal processes and both erosional and depositional features. There are three main mechanisms of sea-level change, as described below. Eustatic sea-level changes are global sea-level changes related either to changes in the volume of glacial ice on land or to changes in the shape of the sea floor caused by plate tectonic processes. For example, changes in the rate of mid-ocean spreading will change the shape of the sea floor near the ridges, and this affects sea level. Over the past 20,000 years, there has been approximately 125 m of eustatic sea-level rise due to glacial melting. Most of that took place between 15,000 and 7,500 years ago during the major melting phase of the North American and Eurasian Ice Sheets (Figure 17.25). At around 7,500 years ago, the rate of glacial melting and sea-level rise decreased dramatically, and since that time, the average rate has been in the order of 0.7 mm/year. Anthropogenic climate change led to accelerating sea-level rise starting around 1870. Since that time, the average rate has been 1.1 mm/year, but it has been gradually increasing. Since 1992, the average rate has been 3.2 mm/year. | https://opentextbc.ca/geology/chapter/17-4-sea-level-change/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_930095793#2_1733695575 | Title: A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size – Introductory Business Statistics
Headings:
39 A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval
Changing the Confidence Level or Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval: An Alternative Approach
The confidence interval estimate will have the form:
Calculating the Confidence Interval Using EMB
Finding the z -score for the Stated Confidence Level
Calculating the Error Bound ( EBM)
Constructing the Confidence Interval
Summary: Effect of Changing the Confidence Level
References
Content: This is the formula for a confidence interval for the mean of a population. Notice that Z α has been substituted for Z 1 in this equation. This is where a choice must be made by the statistician. The analyst must decide the level of confidence they wish to impose on the confidence interval. α is the probability that the interval will not contain the true population mean. The confidence level is defined as (1-α). Z α is the number of standard deviations lies from the mean with a certain probability. If we chose Z α = 1.96 we are asking for the 95% confidence interval because we are setting the probability that the true mean lies within the range at 0.95. If we set Z α at 1.64 we are asking for the 90% confidence interval because we have set the probability at 0.90. These numbers can be verified by consulting the Standard Normal table. | https://opentextbc.ca/introbusinessstatopenstax/chapter/a-confidence-interval-for-a-population-standard-deviation-known-or-large-sample-size/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_930095793#3_1733697393 | Title: A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size – Introductory Business Statistics
Headings:
39 A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval
Changing the Confidence Level or Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval: An Alternative Approach
The confidence interval estimate will have the form:
Calculating the Confidence Interval Using EMB
Finding the z -score for the Stated Confidence Level
Calculating the Error Bound ( EBM)
Constructing the Confidence Interval
Summary: Effect of Changing the Confidence Level
References
Content: The confidence level is defined as (1-α). Z α is the number of standard deviations lies from the mean with a certain probability. If we chose Z α = 1.96 we are asking for the 95% confidence interval because we are setting the probability that the true mean lies within the range at 0.95. If we set Z α at 1.64 we are asking for the 90% confidence interval because we have set the probability at 0.90. These numbers can be verified by consulting the Standard Normal table. Divide either 0.95 or 0.90 in half and find that probability inside the body of the table. Then read on the top and left margins the number of standard deviations it takes to get this level of probability. In reality, we can set whatever level of confidence we desire simply by changing the Z α value in the formula. It is the analyst’s choice. Common convention in Economics and most social sciences sets confidence intervals at either 90, 95, or 99 percent levels. | https://opentextbc.ca/introbusinessstatopenstax/chapter/a-confidence-interval-for-a-population-standard-deviation-known-or-large-sample-size/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_930095793#4_1733699304 | Title: A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size – Introductory Business Statistics
Headings:
39 A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval
Changing the Confidence Level or Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval: An Alternative Approach
The confidence interval estimate will have the form:
Calculating the Confidence Interval Using EMB
Finding the z -score for the Stated Confidence Level
Calculating the Error Bound ( EBM)
Constructing the Confidence Interval
Summary: Effect of Changing the Confidence Level
References
Content: Divide either 0.95 or 0.90 in half and find that probability inside the body of the table. Then read on the top and left margins the number of standard deviations it takes to get this level of probability. In reality, we can set whatever level of confidence we desire simply by changing the Z α value in the formula. It is the analyst’s choice. Common convention in Economics and most social sciences sets confidence intervals at either 90, 95, or 99 percent levels. Levels less than 90% are considered of little value. The level of confidence of a particular interval estimate is called by (1-α). A good way to see the development of a confidence interval is to graphically depict the solution to a problem requesting a confidence interval. This is presented in (Figure) for the example in the introduction concerning the number of downloads from iTunes. That case was for a 95% confidence interval, but other levels of confidence could have just as easily been chosen depending on the need of the analyst. | https://opentextbc.ca/introbusinessstatopenstax/chapter/a-confidence-interval-for-a-population-standard-deviation-known-or-large-sample-size/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_930095793#5_1733701269 | Title: A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size – Introductory Business Statistics
Headings:
39 A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval
Changing the Confidence Level or Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval: An Alternative Approach
The confidence interval estimate will have the form:
Calculating the Confidence Interval Using EMB
Finding the z -score for the Stated Confidence Level
Calculating the Error Bound ( EBM)
Constructing the Confidence Interval
Summary: Effect of Changing the Confidence Level
References
Content: Levels less than 90% are considered of little value. The level of confidence of a particular interval estimate is called by (1-α). A good way to see the development of a confidence interval is to graphically depict the solution to a problem requesting a confidence interval. This is presented in (Figure) for the example in the introduction concerning the number of downloads from iTunes. That case was for a 95% confidence interval, but other levels of confidence could have just as easily been chosen depending on the need of the analyst. However, the level of confidence MUST be pre-set and not subject to revision as a result of the calculations. For this example, let’s say we know that the actual population mean number of iTunes downloads is 2.1. The true population mean falls within the range of the 95% confidence interval. There is absolutely nothing to guarantee that this will happen. Further, if the true mean falls outside of the interval we will never know it. | https://opentextbc.ca/introbusinessstatopenstax/chapter/a-confidence-interval-for-a-population-standard-deviation-known-or-large-sample-size/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_930095793#6_1733703198 | Title: A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size – Introductory Business Statistics
Headings:
39 A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval
Changing the Confidence Level or Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval: An Alternative Approach
The confidence interval estimate will have the form:
Calculating the Confidence Interval Using EMB
Finding the z -score for the Stated Confidence Level
Calculating the Error Bound ( EBM)
Constructing the Confidence Interval
Summary: Effect of Changing the Confidence Level
References
Content: However, the level of confidence MUST be pre-set and not subject to revision as a result of the calculations. For this example, let’s say we know that the actual population mean number of iTunes downloads is 2.1. The true population mean falls within the range of the 95% confidence interval. There is absolutely nothing to guarantee that this will happen. Further, if the true mean falls outside of the interval we will never know it. We must always remember that we will never ever know the true mean. Statistics simply allows us, with a given level of probability (confidence), to say that the true mean is within the range calculated. This is what was called in the introduction, the “level of ignorance admitted”. Changing the Confidence Level or Sample Size
Here again is the formula for a confidence interval for an unknown population mean assuming we know the population standard deviation: It is clear that the confidence interval is driven by two things, the chosen level of confidence, , and the standard deviation of the sampling distribution. | https://opentextbc.ca/introbusinessstatopenstax/chapter/a-confidence-interval-for-a-population-standard-deviation-known-or-large-sample-size/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_930095793#7_1733705212 | Title: A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size – Introductory Business Statistics
Headings:
39 A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval
Changing the Confidence Level or Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval: An Alternative Approach
The confidence interval estimate will have the form:
Calculating the Confidence Interval Using EMB
Finding the z -score for the Stated Confidence Level
Calculating the Error Bound ( EBM)
Constructing the Confidence Interval
Summary: Effect of Changing the Confidence Level
References
Content: We must always remember that we will never ever know the true mean. Statistics simply allows us, with a given level of probability (confidence), to say that the true mean is within the range calculated. This is what was called in the introduction, the “level of ignorance admitted”. Changing the Confidence Level or Sample Size
Here again is the formula for a confidence interval for an unknown population mean assuming we know the population standard deviation: It is clear that the confidence interval is driven by two things, the chosen level of confidence, , and the standard deviation of the sampling distribution. The Standard deviation of the sampling distribution is further affected by two things, the standard deviation of the population and the sample size we chose for our data. Here we wish to examine the effects of each of the choices we have made on the calculated confidence interval, the confidence level and the sample size. For a moment we should ask just what we desire in a confidence interval. Our goal was to estimate the population mean from a sample. We have forsaken the hope that we will ever find the true population mean, and population standard deviation for that matter, for any case except where we have an extremely small population and the cost of gathering the data of interest is very small. | https://opentextbc.ca/introbusinessstatopenstax/chapter/a-confidence-interval-for-a-population-standard-deviation-known-or-large-sample-size/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_930095793#8_1733707494 | Title: A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size – Introductory Business Statistics
Headings:
39 A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval
Changing the Confidence Level or Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval: An Alternative Approach
The confidence interval estimate will have the form:
Calculating the Confidence Interval Using EMB
Finding the z -score for the Stated Confidence Level
Calculating the Error Bound ( EBM)
Constructing the Confidence Interval
Summary: Effect of Changing the Confidence Level
References
Content: The Standard deviation of the sampling distribution is further affected by two things, the standard deviation of the population and the sample size we chose for our data. Here we wish to examine the effects of each of the choices we have made on the calculated confidence interval, the confidence level and the sample size. For a moment we should ask just what we desire in a confidence interval. Our goal was to estimate the population mean from a sample. We have forsaken the hope that we will ever find the true population mean, and population standard deviation for that matter, for any case except where we have an extremely small population and the cost of gathering the data of interest is very small. In all other cases we must rely on samples. With the Central Limit Theorem we have the tools to provide a meaningful confidence interval with a given level of confidence, meaning a known probability of being wrong. By meaningful confidence interval we mean one that is useful. Imagine that you are asked for a confidence interval for the ages of your classmates. You have taken a sample and find a mean of 19.8 years. | https://opentextbc.ca/introbusinessstatopenstax/chapter/a-confidence-interval-for-a-population-standard-deviation-known-or-large-sample-size/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_930095793#9_1733709563 | Title: A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size – Introductory Business Statistics
Headings:
39 A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval
Changing the Confidence Level or Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval: An Alternative Approach
The confidence interval estimate will have the form:
Calculating the Confidence Interval Using EMB
Finding the z -score for the Stated Confidence Level
Calculating the Error Bound ( EBM)
Constructing the Confidence Interval
Summary: Effect of Changing the Confidence Level
References
Content: In all other cases we must rely on samples. With the Central Limit Theorem we have the tools to provide a meaningful confidence interval with a given level of confidence, meaning a known probability of being wrong. By meaningful confidence interval we mean one that is useful. Imagine that you are asked for a confidence interval for the ages of your classmates. You have taken a sample and find a mean of 19.8 years. You wish to be very confident so you report an interval between 9.8 years and 29.8 years. This interval would certainly contain the true population mean and have a very high confidence level. However, it hardly qualifies as meaningful. The very best confidence interval is narrow while having high confidence. There is a natural tension between these two goals. | https://opentextbc.ca/introbusinessstatopenstax/chapter/a-confidence-interval-for-a-population-standard-deviation-known-or-large-sample-size/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_930095793#10_1733711285 | Title: A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size – Introductory Business Statistics
Headings:
39 A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval
Changing the Confidence Level or Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval: An Alternative Approach
The confidence interval estimate will have the form:
Calculating the Confidence Interval Using EMB
Finding the z -score for the Stated Confidence Level
Calculating the Error Bound ( EBM)
Constructing the Confidence Interval
Summary: Effect of Changing the Confidence Level
References
Content: You wish to be very confident so you report an interval between 9.8 years and 29.8 years. This interval would certainly contain the true population mean and have a very high confidence level. However, it hardly qualifies as meaningful. The very best confidence interval is narrow while having high confidence. There is a natural tension between these two goals. The higher the level of confidence the wider the confidence interval as the case of the students’ ages above. We can see this tension in the equation for the confidence interval. The confidence interval will increase in width as increases, increases as the level of confidence increases. There is a tradeoff between the level of confidence and the width of the interval. Now let’s look at the formula again and we see that the sample size also plays an important role in the width of the confidence interval. | https://opentextbc.ca/introbusinessstatopenstax/chapter/a-confidence-interval-for-a-population-standard-deviation-known-or-large-sample-size/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_930095793#11_1733713109 | Title: A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size – Introductory Business Statistics
Headings:
39 A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval
Changing the Confidence Level or Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval: An Alternative Approach
The confidence interval estimate will have the form:
Calculating the Confidence Interval Using EMB
Finding the z -score for the Stated Confidence Level
Calculating the Error Bound ( EBM)
Constructing the Confidence Interval
Summary: Effect of Changing the Confidence Level
References
Content: The higher the level of confidence the wider the confidence interval as the case of the students’ ages above. We can see this tension in the equation for the confidence interval. The confidence interval will increase in width as increases, increases as the level of confidence increases. There is a tradeoff between the level of confidence and the width of the interval. Now let’s look at the formula again and we see that the sample size also plays an important role in the width of the confidence interval. The sample sized, , shows up in the denominator of the standard deviation of the sampling distribution. As the sample size increases, the standard deviation of the sampling distribution decreases and thus the width of the confidence interval, while holding constant the level of confidence. This relationship was demonstrated in (Figure). Again we see the importance of having large samples for our analysis although we then face a second constraint, the cost of gathering data. Calculating the Confidence Interval: | https://opentextbc.ca/introbusinessstatopenstax/chapter/a-confidence-interval-for-a-population-standard-deviation-known-or-large-sample-size/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_930095793#12_1733715087 | Title: A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size – Introductory Business Statistics
Headings:
39 A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval
Changing the Confidence Level or Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval: An Alternative Approach
The confidence interval estimate will have the form:
Calculating the Confidence Interval Using EMB
Finding the z -score for the Stated Confidence Level
Calculating the Error Bound ( EBM)
Constructing the Confidence Interval
Summary: Effect of Changing the Confidence Level
References
Content: The sample sized, , shows up in the denominator of the standard deviation of the sampling distribution. As the sample size increases, the standard deviation of the sampling distribution decreases and thus the width of the confidence interval, while holding constant the level of confidence. This relationship was demonstrated in (Figure). Again we see the importance of having large samples for our analysis although we then face a second constraint, the cost of gathering data. Calculating the Confidence Interval: An Alternative Approach
Another way to approach confidence intervals is through the use of something called the Error Bound. The Error Bound gets its name from the recognition that it provides the boundary of the interval derived from the standard error of the sampling distribution. In the equations above it is seen that the interval is simply the estimated mean, sample mean, plus or minus something. That something is the Error Bound and is driven by the probability we desire to maintain in our estimate, , times the standard deviation of the sampling distribution. The Error Bound for a mean is given the name, Error Bound Mean, or EBM. | https://opentextbc.ca/introbusinessstatopenstax/chapter/a-confidence-interval-for-a-population-standard-deviation-known-or-large-sample-size/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_930095793#14_1733719349 | Title: A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size – Introductory Business Statistics
Headings:
39 A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval
Changing the Confidence Level or Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval: An Alternative Approach
The confidence interval estimate will have the form:
Calculating the Confidence Interval Using EMB
Finding the z -score for the Stated Confidence Level
Calculating the Error Bound ( EBM)
Constructing the Confidence Interval
Summary: Effect of Changing the Confidence Level
References
Content: To construct a confidence interval for a single unknown population mean μ, where the population standard deviation is known, we need as an estimate for μ and we need the margin of error. Here, the margin of error ( EBM) is called the error bound for a population mean (abbreviated EBM ). The sample mean is the point estimate of the unknown population mean μ. The confidence interval estimate will have the form: (point estimate – error bound, point estimate + error bound) or, in symbols, ()
The mathematical formula for this confidence interval is: The margin of error ( EBM) depends on the confidence level (abbreviated CL ). The confidence level is often considered the probability that the calculated confidence interval estimate will contain the true population parameter. However, it is more accurate to state that the confidence level is the percent of confidence intervals that contain the true population parameter when repeated samples are taken. Most often, it is the choice of the person constructing the confidence interval to choose a confidence level of 90% or higher because that person wants to be reasonably certain of his or her conclusions. There is another probability called alpha ( α ). | https://opentextbc.ca/introbusinessstatopenstax/chapter/a-confidence-interval-for-a-population-standard-deviation-known-or-large-sample-size/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_930095793#15_1733721529 | Title: A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size – Introductory Business Statistics
Headings:
39 A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval
Changing the Confidence Level or Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval: An Alternative Approach
The confidence interval estimate will have the form:
Calculating the Confidence Interval Using EMB
Finding the z -score for the Stated Confidence Level
Calculating the Error Bound ( EBM)
Constructing the Confidence Interval
Summary: Effect of Changing the Confidence Level
References
Content: The margin of error ( EBM) depends on the confidence level (abbreviated CL ). The confidence level is often considered the probability that the calculated confidence interval estimate will contain the true population parameter. However, it is more accurate to state that the confidence level is the percent of confidence intervals that contain the true population parameter when repeated samples are taken. Most often, it is the choice of the person constructing the confidence interval to choose a confidence level of 90% or higher because that person wants to be reasonably certain of his or her conclusions. There is another probability called alpha ( α ). α is related to the confidence level, CL. α is the probability that the interval does not contain the unknown population parameter. Mathematically, 1 – α = CL. A confidence interval for a population mean with a known standard deviation is based on the fact that the sampling distribution of the sample means follow an approximately normal distribution. Suppose that our sample has a mean of = 10, and we have constructed the 90% confidence interval (5, 15) where EBM = 5. | https://opentextbc.ca/introbusinessstatopenstax/chapter/a-confidence-interval-for-a-population-standard-deviation-known-or-large-sample-size/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_930095793#16_1733723629 | Title: A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size – Introductory Business Statistics
Headings:
39 A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval
Changing the Confidence Level or Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval: An Alternative Approach
The confidence interval estimate will have the form:
Calculating the Confidence Interval Using EMB
Finding the z -score for the Stated Confidence Level
Calculating the Error Bound ( EBM)
Constructing the Confidence Interval
Summary: Effect of Changing the Confidence Level
References
Content: α is related to the confidence level, CL. α is the probability that the interval does not contain the unknown population parameter. Mathematically, 1 – α = CL. A confidence interval for a population mean with a known standard deviation is based on the fact that the sampling distribution of the sample means follow an approximately normal distribution. Suppose that our sample has a mean of = 10, and we have constructed the 90% confidence interval (5, 15) where EBM = 5. To get a 90% confidence interval, we must include the central 90% of the probability of the normal distribution. If we include the central 90%, we leave out a total of α = 10% in both tails, or 5% in each tail, of the normal distribution. To capture the central 90%, we must go out 1.645 standard deviations on either side of the calculated sample mean. The value 1.645 is the z -score from a standard normal probability distribution that puts an area of 0.90 in the center, an area of 0.05 in the far left tail, and an area of 0.05 in the far right tail. It is important that the standard deviation used must be appropriate for the parameter we are estimating, so in this section we need to use the standard deviation that applies to the sampling distribution for means which we studied with the Central Limit Theorem and is, . | https://opentextbc.ca/introbusinessstatopenstax/chapter/a-confidence-interval-for-a-population-standard-deviation-known-or-large-sample-size/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_930095793#17_1733725898 | Title: A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size – Introductory Business Statistics
Headings:
39 A Confidence Interval for a Population Standard Deviation, Known or Large Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval
Changing the Confidence Level or Sample Size
Calculating the Confidence Interval: An Alternative Approach
The confidence interval estimate will have the form:
Calculating the Confidence Interval Using EMB
Finding the z -score for the Stated Confidence Level
Calculating the Error Bound ( EBM)
Constructing the Confidence Interval
Summary: Effect of Changing the Confidence Level
References
Content: To get a 90% confidence interval, we must include the central 90% of the probability of the normal distribution. If we include the central 90%, we leave out a total of α = 10% in both tails, or 5% in each tail, of the normal distribution. To capture the central 90%, we must go out 1.645 standard deviations on either side of the calculated sample mean. The value 1.645 is the z -score from a standard normal probability distribution that puts an area of 0.90 in the center, an area of 0.05 in the far left tail, and an area of 0.05 in the far right tail. It is important that the standard deviation used must be appropriate for the parameter we are estimating, so in this section we need to use the standard deviation that applies to the sampling distribution for means which we studied with the Central Limit Theorem and is, . Calculating the Confidence Interval Using EMB
To construct a confidence inte | https://opentextbc.ca/introbusinessstatopenstax/chapter/a-confidence-interval-for-a-population-standard-deviation-known-or-large-sample-size/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_930489383#4_1734141204 | Title: 3.2 Psychologists Use Descriptive, Correlational, and Experimental Research Designs to Understand Behaviour – Introduction to Psychology – 1st Canadian Edition
Headings: 3.2 Psychologists Use Descriptive, Correlational, and Experimental Research Designs to Understand Behaviour
3.2 Psychologists Use Descriptive, Correlational, and Experimental Research Designs to Understand Behaviour
Learning Objectives
Table 3.2 Characteristics of the Three Research Designs
Descriptive Research: Assessing the Current State of Affairs
Table 3.3 Sample Coding Form Used to Assess Child’s and Mother’s Behaviour in the Strange Situation
Correlational Research: Seeking Relationships among Variables
Experimental Research: Understanding the Causes of Behaviour
Research Focus: Video Games and Aggression
Key Takeaways
Exercises and Critical Thinking
Image Attributions
References
Long Descriptions
Content: Experimental
To assess the causal impact of one or more experimental manipulations on a dependent variable
Allows drawing of conclusions about the causal relationships among variables. Cannot experimentally manipulate many important variables. May be expensive and time consuming. Source: Stangor, 2011. Descriptive Research: Assessing the Current State of Affairs
Descriptive research is designed to create a snapshot of the current thoughts, feelings, or behaviour of individuals. This section reviews three types of descriptive research: case studies, surveys, and naturalistic observation (Figure 3.4). Sometimes the data in a descriptive research project are based on only a small set of individuals, often only one person or a single small group. | https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontopsychology/chapter/2-2-psychologists-use-descriptive-correlational-and-experimental-research-designs-to-understand-behavior/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_931367426#9_1734923398 | Title: Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality – Introduction to Sociology – 1st Canadian Edition
Headings: Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
Learning Objectives
12.1. The Difference between Sex and Gender
12.2. Gender
12.3. Sex and Sexuality
Introduction to Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
12.1. The Difference between Sex and Gender
Making Connections: Social Policy & Debate
The Legalese of Sex and Gender
Sexual Orientation
Gender Roles
Gender Identity
Making Connections: Sociology in the Real World
Real-Life Freaky Friday
12.2. Gender
Gender and Socialization
Socialization
Social Stratification and Inequality
Theoretical Perspectives on Gender
Structural Functionalism
Critical Sociology
Feminist Theory
Symbolic Interactionism
Making Connections: Sociological Research
Being Male, Being Female, and Being Healthy
12.3. Sex and Sexuality
Sexual Attitudes and Practices
Sexuality around the World
Sexuality in Canada
Sociological Perspectives on Sex and Sexuality
Structural Functionalism
Critical Sociology
Symbolic Interactionism
Queer Theory
Key Terms
Section Summary
Section Quiz
Short Answer
12.1. The Difference between Sex and Gender
12.2. Gender
12.3. Sex and Sexuality
Further Research
References
Solutions to Section Quiz
Image Attributions
Content: A baby boy who is born with male genitalia will be identified as male. As he grows, however, he may identify with the feminine aspects of his culture. Since the term sex refers to biological or physical distinctions, characteristics of sex will not vary significantly between different human societies. For example, all persons of the female sex, in general, regardless of culture, will eventually menstruate and develop breasts that can lactate. Characteristics of gender, on the other hand, may vary greatly between different societies. For example, in American culture, it is considered feminine (or a trait of the female gender) to wear a dress or skirt. However, in many Middle Eastern, Asian, and African cultures, dresses or skirts (often referred to as sarongs, robes, or gowns) can be considered masculine. The kilt worn by a Scottish male does not make him appear feminine in his culture. Figure 12.3. George Catlin (1796-1872), Dance to the Berdache. | https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontosociology/chapter/chapter12-gender-sex-and-sexuality/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_931367426#10_1734925932 | Title: Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality – Introduction to Sociology – 1st Canadian Edition
Headings: Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
Learning Objectives
12.1. The Difference between Sex and Gender
12.2. Gender
12.3. Sex and Sexuality
Introduction to Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
12.1. The Difference between Sex and Gender
Making Connections: Social Policy & Debate
The Legalese of Sex and Gender
Sexual Orientation
Gender Roles
Gender Identity
Making Connections: Sociology in the Real World
Real-Life Freaky Friday
12.2. Gender
Gender and Socialization
Socialization
Social Stratification and Inequality
Theoretical Perspectives on Gender
Structural Functionalism
Critical Sociology
Feminist Theory
Symbolic Interactionism
Making Connections: Sociological Research
Being Male, Being Female, and Being Healthy
12.3. Sex and Sexuality
Sexual Attitudes and Practices
Sexuality around the World
Sexuality in Canada
Sociological Perspectives on Sex and Sexuality
Structural Functionalism
Critical Sociology
Symbolic Interactionism
Queer Theory
Key Terms
Section Summary
Section Quiz
Short Answer
12.1. The Difference between Sex and Gender
12.2. Gender
12.3. Sex and Sexuality
Further Research
References
Solutions to Section Quiz
Image Attributions
Content: For example, in American culture, it is considered feminine (or a trait of the female gender) to wear a dress or skirt. However, in many Middle Eastern, Asian, and African cultures, dresses or skirts (often referred to as sarongs, robes, or gowns) can be considered masculine. The kilt worn by a Scottish male does not make him appear feminine in his culture. Figure 12.3. George Catlin (1796-1872), Dance to the Berdache. Caitlin’s sketch depicts a ceremonial dance among the Sac and Fox Indians to celebrate the two-spirit person. ( Photo couresy of Wikimedia Commons). The dichotomous view of gender (the notion that one is either male or female) is specific to certain cultures and is not universal. In some cultures, gender is viewed as fluid. In the past, some anthropologists used the term berdache to refer to individuals who occasionally or permanently dressed and lived as the opposite gender. | https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontosociology/chapter/chapter12-gender-sex-and-sexuality/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_931367426#11_1734928414 | Title: Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality – Introduction to Sociology – 1st Canadian Edition
Headings: Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
Learning Objectives
12.1. The Difference between Sex and Gender
12.2. Gender
12.3. Sex and Sexuality
Introduction to Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
12.1. The Difference between Sex and Gender
Making Connections: Social Policy & Debate
The Legalese of Sex and Gender
Sexual Orientation
Gender Roles
Gender Identity
Making Connections: Sociology in the Real World
Real-Life Freaky Friday
12.2. Gender
Gender and Socialization
Socialization
Social Stratification and Inequality
Theoretical Perspectives on Gender
Structural Functionalism
Critical Sociology
Feminist Theory
Symbolic Interactionism
Making Connections: Sociological Research
Being Male, Being Female, and Being Healthy
12.3. Sex and Sexuality
Sexual Attitudes and Practices
Sexuality around the World
Sexuality in Canada
Sociological Perspectives on Sex and Sexuality
Structural Functionalism
Critical Sociology
Symbolic Interactionism
Queer Theory
Key Terms
Section Summary
Section Quiz
Short Answer
12.1. The Difference between Sex and Gender
12.2. Gender
12.3. Sex and Sexuality
Further Research
References
Solutions to Section Quiz
Image Attributions
Content: Caitlin’s sketch depicts a ceremonial dance among the Sac and Fox Indians to celebrate the two-spirit person. ( Photo couresy of Wikimedia Commons). The dichotomous view of gender (the notion that one is either male or female) is specific to certain cultures and is not universal. In some cultures, gender is viewed as fluid. In the past, some anthropologists used the term berdache to refer to individuals who occasionally or permanently dressed and lived as the opposite gender. The practice has been noted among certain Aboriginal groups (Jacobs, Thomas, and Lang 1997). Samoan culture accepts what they refer to as a “third gender.” Fa’afafine, which translates as “the way of the woman,” is a term used to describe individuals who are born biologically male but embody both masculine and feminine traits. Fa’afafines are considered an important part of Samoan culture. Individuals from other cultures may mislabel them as homosexuals because fa’afafines have a varied sexual life that may include men or women (Poasa 1992). | https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontosociology/chapter/chapter12-gender-sex-and-sexuality/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_931367426#12_1734931056 | Title: Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality – Introduction to Sociology – 1st Canadian Edition
Headings: Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
Learning Objectives
12.1. The Difference between Sex and Gender
12.2. Gender
12.3. Sex and Sexuality
Introduction to Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
12.1. The Difference between Sex and Gender
Making Connections: Social Policy & Debate
The Legalese of Sex and Gender
Sexual Orientation
Gender Roles
Gender Identity
Making Connections: Sociology in the Real World
Real-Life Freaky Friday
12.2. Gender
Gender and Socialization
Socialization
Social Stratification and Inequality
Theoretical Perspectives on Gender
Structural Functionalism
Critical Sociology
Feminist Theory
Symbolic Interactionism
Making Connections: Sociological Research
Being Male, Being Female, and Being Healthy
12.3. Sex and Sexuality
Sexual Attitudes and Practices
Sexuality around the World
Sexuality in Canada
Sociological Perspectives on Sex and Sexuality
Structural Functionalism
Critical Sociology
Symbolic Interactionism
Queer Theory
Key Terms
Section Summary
Section Quiz
Short Answer
12.1. The Difference between Sex and Gender
12.2. Gender
12.3. Sex and Sexuality
Further Research
References
Solutions to Section Quiz
Image Attributions
Content: The practice has been noted among certain Aboriginal groups (Jacobs, Thomas, and Lang 1997). Samoan culture accepts what they refer to as a “third gender.” Fa’afafine, which translates as “the way of the woman,” is a term used to describe individuals who are born biologically male but embody both masculine and feminine traits. Fa’afafines are considered an important part of Samoan culture. Individuals from other cultures may mislabel them as homosexuals because fa’afafines have a varied sexual life that may include men or women (Poasa 1992). Making Connections: Social Policy & Debate
The Legalese of Sex and Gender
The terms sex and gender < have not always been differentiated in the English language. It was not until the 1950s that American and British psychologists and other professionals working with intersex and transsexual patients formally began distinguishing between sex and gender. Since then, psychological and physiological professionals have increasingly used the term gender (Moi 2005). By the end of the 2oth century, expanding the proper usage of the term gender to everyday language became more challenging—particularly where legal language is concerned. | https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontosociology/chapter/chapter12-gender-sex-and-sexuality/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_931458540#6_1734959564 | Title: Chapter 13. Aging and the Elderly – Introduction to Sociology – 1st Canadian Edition
Headings: Chapter 13. Aging and the Elderly
Chapter 13. Aging and the Elderly
Learning Objectives
13.1. Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
13.2. The Process of Aging
13.3. Challenges Facing the Elderly
Introduction to Aging and the Elderly
13.1. >Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
Studying Aging Populations
Phases of Aging: The Young-Old, Middle-Old, and Old-Old
The Greying of Canada
Baby Boomers
Aging around the World
13.2. The Process of Aging
Making Connections: Biological Research
Dr. Ignatz Nascher and the Birth of Geriatrics
Biological Changes
Social and Psychological Changes
Aging and Sexuality
Making Connections: Social Policy & Debate
Aging “Out:” LGBT Seniors
Death and Dying
13.3. Challenges Facing the Elderly
Ageism
Mistreatment and Abuse
13.4. Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
Functionalism
Making Connections: Sociological Research
The Greying of North American Prisons
Critical Sociology
Symbolic Interactionism
Key Terms
Section Summary
Section Quiz
Short Answer
13.1. Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
13.2. The Process of Aging
13.3. Challenges Facing the Elderly
13.4. Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
Further Research
References
Solutions to Section Quiz
Image Attribution
Content: It is also a product of the social norms and expectations that apply to each stage of life. Age represents the wealth of life experiences that shape whom we become. With medical advancements that prolong human life, old age has taken on a new meaning in societies with the means to provide high-quality medical care. However, many aspects of the aging experience also depend on social class, race, gender, and other social factors. 13.1. >Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
Think of the movies and television shows you have watched recently. Did any of them feature older actors? What roles did they play? How were these older actors portrayed? | https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontosociology/chapter/chapter13-aging-and-the-elderly/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_931458540#7_1734961798 | Title: Chapter 13. Aging and the Elderly – Introduction to Sociology – 1st Canadian Edition
Headings: Chapter 13. Aging and the Elderly
Chapter 13. Aging and the Elderly
Learning Objectives
13.1. Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
13.2. The Process of Aging
13.3. Challenges Facing the Elderly
Introduction to Aging and the Elderly
13.1. >Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
Studying Aging Populations
Phases of Aging: The Young-Old, Middle-Old, and Old-Old
The Greying of Canada
Baby Boomers
Aging around the World
13.2. The Process of Aging
Making Connections: Biological Research
Dr. Ignatz Nascher and the Birth of Geriatrics
Biological Changes
Social and Psychological Changes
Aging and Sexuality
Making Connections: Social Policy & Debate
Aging “Out:” LGBT Seniors
Death and Dying
13.3. Challenges Facing the Elderly
Ageism
Mistreatment and Abuse
13.4. Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
Functionalism
Making Connections: Sociological Research
The Greying of North American Prisons
Critical Sociology
Symbolic Interactionism
Key Terms
Section Summary
Section Quiz
Short Answer
13.1. Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
13.2. The Process of Aging
13.3. Challenges Facing the Elderly
13.4. Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
Further Research
References
Solutions to Section Quiz
Image Attribution
Content: >Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
Think of the movies and television shows you have watched recently. Did any of them feature older actors? What roles did they play? How were these older actors portrayed? Were they cast as main characters in a love story? Grouchy old people? How were older women portrayed? How were older men portrayed? Many media portrayals of the elderly reflect negative cultural attitudes toward aging. | https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontosociology/chapter/chapter13-aging-and-the-elderly/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_931458540#8_1734963814 | Title: Chapter 13. Aging and the Elderly – Introduction to Sociology – 1st Canadian Edition
Headings: Chapter 13. Aging and the Elderly
Chapter 13. Aging and the Elderly
Learning Objectives
13.1. Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
13.2. The Process of Aging
13.3. Challenges Facing the Elderly
Introduction to Aging and the Elderly
13.1. >Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
Studying Aging Populations
Phases of Aging: The Young-Old, Middle-Old, and Old-Old
The Greying of Canada
Baby Boomers
Aging around the World
13.2. The Process of Aging
Making Connections: Biological Research
Dr. Ignatz Nascher and the Birth of Geriatrics
Biological Changes
Social and Psychological Changes
Aging and Sexuality
Making Connections: Social Policy & Debate
Aging “Out:” LGBT Seniors
Death and Dying
13.3. Challenges Facing the Elderly
Ageism
Mistreatment and Abuse
13.4. Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
Functionalism
Making Connections: Sociological Research
The Greying of North American Prisons
Critical Sociology
Symbolic Interactionism
Key Terms
Section Summary
Section Quiz
Short Answer
13.1. Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
13.2. The Process of Aging
13.3. Challenges Facing the Elderly
13.4. Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
Further Research
References
Solutions to Section Quiz
Image Attribution
Content: Were they cast as main characters in a love story? Grouchy old people? How were older women portrayed? How were older men portrayed? Many media portrayals of the elderly reflect negative cultural attitudes toward aging. In North America, society tends to glorify youth, associating it with beauty and sexuality. In comedies, the elderly are often associated with grumpiness or hostility. Rarely do the roles of older people convey the fullness of life experienced by seniors—as employees, lovers, or the myriad roles they have in real life. What values does this reflect? One hindrance to society’s fuller understanding of aging is that people rarely understand it until they reach old age themselves. ( | https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontosociology/chapter/chapter13-aging-and-the-elderly/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_931458540#9_1734966113 | Title: Chapter 13. Aging and the Elderly – Introduction to Sociology – 1st Canadian Edition
Headings: Chapter 13. Aging and the Elderly
Chapter 13. Aging and the Elderly
Learning Objectives
13.1. Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
13.2. The Process of Aging
13.3. Challenges Facing the Elderly
Introduction to Aging and the Elderly
13.1. >Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
Studying Aging Populations
Phases of Aging: The Young-Old, Middle-Old, and Old-Old
The Greying of Canada
Baby Boomers
Aging around the World
13.2. The Process of Aging
Making Connections: Biological Research
Dr. Ignatz Nascher and the Birth of Geriatrics
Biological Changes
Social and Psychological Changes
Aging and Sexuality
Making Connections: Social Policy & Debate
Aging “Out:” LGBT Seniors
Death and Dying
13.3. Challenges Facing the Elderly
Ageism
Mistreatment and Abuse
13.4. Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
Functionalism
Making Connections: Sociological Research
The Greying of North American Prisons
Critical Sociology
Symbolic Interactionism
Key Terms
Section Summary
Section Quiz
Short Answer
13.1. Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
13.2. The Process of Aging
13.3. Challenges Facing the Elderly
13.4. Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
Further Research
References
Solutions to Section Quiz
Image Attribution
Content: In North America, society tends to glorify youth, associating it with beauty and sexuality. In comedies, the elderly are often associated with grumpiness or hostility. Rarely do the roles of older people convey the fullness of life experienced by seniors—as employees, lovers, or the myriad roles they have in real life. What values does this reflect? One hindrance to society’s fuller understanding of aging is that people rarely understand it until they reach old age themselves. ( As opposed to childhood, for instance, which we can all look back on.) Therefore, myths and assumptions about the elderly and aging are common. Many stereotypes exist surrounding the realities of being an older adult. While individuals often encounter stereotypes associated with race and gender and are thus more likely to think critically about them, many people accept age stereotypes without question (Levy et al. 2002). | https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontosociology/chapter/chapter13-aging-and-the-elderly/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_931458540#15_1734982528 | Title: Chapter 13. Aging and the Elderly – Introduction to Sociology – 1st Canadian Edition
Headings: Chapter 13. Aging and the Elderly
Chapter 13. Aging and the Elderly
Learning Objectives
13.1. Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
13.2. The Process of Aging
13.3. Challenges Facing the Elderly
Introduction to Aging and the Elderly
13.1. >Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
Studying Aging Populations
Phases of Aging: The Young-Old, Middle-Old, and Old-Old
The Greying of Canada
Baby Boomers
Aging around the World
13.2. The Process of Aging
Making Connections: Biological Research
Dr. Ignatz Nascher and the Birth of Geriatrics
Biological Changes
Social and Psychological Changes
Aging and Sexuality
Making Connections: Social Policy & Debate
Aging “Out:” LGBT Seniors
Death and Dying
13.3. Challenges Facing the Elderly
Ageism
Mistreatment and Abuse
13.4. Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
Functionalism
Making Connections: Sociological Research
The Greying of North American Prisons
Critical Sociology
Symbolic Interactionism
Key Terms
Section Summary
Section Quiz
Short Answer
13.1. Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
13.2. The Process of Aging
13.3. Challenges Facing the Elderly
13.4. Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
Further Research
References
Solutions to Section Quiz
Image Attribution
Content: In the late 1800s and early 1900s, many U.S. households were home to multigenerational families, and the experiences and wisdom of elders was respected. They offered wisdom and support to their children and often helped raise their grandchildren (Sweetser 1984). Today, with most households confined to the nuclear family, attitudes toward the elderly have changed. In 2011, of the 13,320,615 private households in the country, only about 400,000 of them (3.1 percent) were multigenerational (Statistics Canada 2012b). It is no longer typical for older relatives to live with their children and grandchildren. Attitudes toward the elderly have also been affected by large societal changes that have happened over the past 100 years. Researchers believe industrialization and modernization have contributed greatly to lowering the power, influence, and prestige the elderly once held. The elderly have both benefitted and suffered from these rapid social changes. In modern societies, a strong economy created new levels of prosperity for many people. Health care has become more widely accessible and medicine has advanced, allowing the elderly to live longer. | https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontosociology/chapter/chapter13-aging-and-the-elderly/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_931458540#16_1734985275 | Title: Chapter 13. Aging and the Elderly – Introduction to Sociology – 1st Canadian Edition
Headings: Chapter 13. Aging and the Elderly
Chapter 13. Aging and the Elderly
Learning Objectives
13.1. Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
13.2. The Process of Aging
13.3. Challenges Facing the Elderly
Introduction to Aging and the Elderly
13.1. >Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
Studying Aging Populations
Phases of Aging: The Young-Old, Middle-Old, and Old-Old
The Greying of Canada
Baby Boomers
Aging around the World
13.2. The Process of Aging
Making Connections: Biological Research
Dr. Ignatz Nascher and the Birth of Geriatrics
Biological Changes
Social and Psychological Changes
Aging and Sexuality
Making Connections: Social Policy & Debate
Aging “Out:” LGBT Seniors
Death and Dying
13.3. Challenges Facing the Elderly
Ageism
Mistreatment and Abuse
13.4. Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
Functionalism
Making Connections: Sociological Research
The Greying of North American Prisons
Critical Sociology
Symbolic Interactionism
Key Terms
Section Summary
Section Quiz
Short Answer
13.1. Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
13.2. The Process of Aging
13.3. Challenges Facing the Elderly
13.4. Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
Further Research
References
Solutions to Section Quiz
Image Attribution
Content: Attitudes toward the elderly have also been affected by large societal changes that have happened over the past 100 years. Researchers believe industrialization and modernization have contributed greatly to lowering the power, influence, and prestige the elderly once held. The elderly have both benefitted and suffered from these rapid social changes. In modern societies, a strong economy created new levels of prosperity for many people. Health care has become more widely accessible and medicine has advanced, allowing the elderly to live longer. However, older people are not as essential to the economic survival of their families and communities as they were in the past. While the average person now lives 20 years longer than they did 90 years ago (Statistics Canada 2010), the prestige associated with age has declined. Studying Aging Populations
Figure 13.2. How old is this woman? In modern North American society, appearance is not a reliable indicator of age. | https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontosociology/chapter/chapter13-aging-and-the-elderly/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_932562206#13_1735527216 | Title: Chapter 8. Media and Technology – Introduction to Sociology – 1st Canadian Edition
Headings: Chapter 8. Media and Technology
Chapter 8. Media and Technology
Ron McGivern
Learning Objectives
8.1. Technology Today
8.2. Media and Technology in Society
8.3. Global Implications
8.4. Theoretical Perspectives on Media and Technology
Introduction to Media and Technology
8.1. Technology Today
What Is Technology?
Technological Inequality
Making Connections: Sociology in the Real World
Planned Obsolescence: Technology That’s Built to Crash
8.2. Media and Technology in Society
Categorizing Technology
Types of Media and Technology
Print Newspaper
Television and Radio
Film
New Media
Making Connections: Sociology in the Real World
Violence in Media and Video Games: Does It Matter?
Product Advertising
8.3. Global Implications
Media Globalization
Making Connections: Careers in Sociology
China and the Internet: An Uncomfortable Friendship
Technological Globalization
Making Connections: Sociology in the Real World
The Mighty Cell Phone: How Mobile Phones Are Impacting Sub-Saharan Africa
8.4. Theoretical Perspectives on Media and Technology
Structural Functionalism
Commercial Function
Entertainment Function
Social Norm Functions
Life-Changing Functions
Critical Sociology
Control of Media and Technology
Technological Social Control and Digital Surveillance
Feminist Perspective
Symbolic Interactionism
Social Construction of Reality
Social Networking and Social Construction
Key Terms
Section Summary
Section Quiz
8.1. Technology Today
Short Answer
8.1. Technology Today
8.2. Media and Technology in Society
8.3. Global Implications
8.4. Theoretical Perspectives on Media and Technology
Further Research
References
Solutions to Section Quiz
Image Attributions
Content: Photo courtesy of Carlos Martinez/flickr)
As with any improvement to human society, not everyone has equal access. Technology, in particular, often creates changes that lead to ever greater inequalities. In short, the gap gets wider faster. This technological stratification has led to a new focus on ensuring better access for all. There are two forms of technological stratification. The first is differential class-based access to technology in the form of the digital divide. This digital divide has led to the second form, a knowledge gap, which is, as it sounds, an ongoing and increasing gap in information for those who have less access to technology. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) defines the digital divide as “the gap between individuals, households, businesses and geographic areas at different socio-economic levels with regard to both their opportunities to access information and communication technology (ICTs) and to their use of the Internet for a wide variety of activities.” ( OECD 2001 p.5) For example, students in well-funded schools receive more exposure to technology than students in poorly funded schools. Those students with more exposure gain more proficiency, making them far more marketable in an increasingly technology-based job market, leaving our society divided into those with technological knowledge and those without. | https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontosociology/chapter/chapter8-media-and-technology/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_932916145#11_1735687309 | Title: Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality – Introduction to Sociology – 2nd Canadian Edition
Headings: Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
Learning Objectives
Introduction to Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
12.1. The Difference between Sex, Gender, and Sexuality
Making Connections: Social Policy and Debate
The Legalese of Sex and Gender
Sexuality
Gender Roles
Gender Identity
The Dominant Gender Schema
Making Connections: Sociology in the Real World
Intersexed Individuals and the Case of John/Joan
12.2. Gender
Gender and Socialization
Socialization
Social Stratification and Inequality
Making Connections: Sociological Research
Is the Patriarchy Dead?
Table 12.1. Women’s wages as a percentage of men’s in Canada, from 1988 to 2008.
Theoretical Perspectives on Gender
Structural Functionalism
Critical Sociology
Feminist Theory
Symbolic Interactionism
Making Connections: Sociological Research
Being Male, Being Female, and Being Healthy
12.3. Sex and Sexuality
Sexual Attitudes and Practices
Sexuality around the World
Sexuality in Canada
Making Connections: Big Picture
The History of Homosexuality: Making Up People?
Sociological Perspectives on Sex and Sexuality
Structural Functionalism
Critical Sociology
Symbolic Interactionism
Queer Theory
Key Terms
Section Summary
Section Quiz
Short Answer
12.1. The Difference between Sex, Gender, and Sexuality
Further Research
References
Solutions to Section Quiz
Image Attributions
Content: Therefore, the terms sex and gender are not interchangeable. A baby boy who is born with male genitalia will be identified as male. As he grows, however, he may identify with the feminine aspects of his culture. Since the term sex refers to biological or physical distinctions, characteristics of sex will not vary significantly between different human societies. For example, it is physiologically normal for persons of the female sex, regardless of culture, to eventually menstruate and develop breasts that can lactate. The signs and characteristics of gender, on the other hand, may vary greatly between different societies as Margaret Mead’s research noted. For example, in American culture, it is considered feminine (or a trait of the female gender) to wear a dress or skirt. However, in many Middle Eastern, Asian, and African cultures, dresses or skirts (often referred to as sarongs, robes, or gowns) can be considered masculine. The kilt worn by a Scottish male does not make him appear feminine in his culture. Figure 12.3. | https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontosociology2ndedition/chapter/chapter-12-gender-sex-and-sexuality/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_932916145#12_1735690123 | Title: Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality – Introduction to Sociology – 2nd Canadian Edition
Headings: Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
Learning Objectives
Introduction to Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
12.1. The Difference between Sex, Gender, and Sexuality
Making Connections: Social Policy and Debate
The Legalese of Sex and Gender
Sexuality
Gender Roles
Gender Identity
The Dominant Gender Schema
Making Connections: Sociology in the Real World
Intersexed Individuals and the Case of John/Joan
12.2. Gender
Gender and Socialization
Socialization
Social Stratification and Inequality
Making Connections: Sociological Research
Is the Patriarchy Dead?
Table 12.1. Women’s wages as a percentage of men’s in Canada, from 1988 to 2008.
Theoretical Perspectives on Gender
Structural Functionalism
Critical Sociology
Feminist Theory
Symbolic Interactionism
Making Connections: Sociological Research
Being Male, Being Female, and Being Healthy
12.3. Sex and Sexuality
Sexual Attitudes and Practices
Sexuality around the World
Sexuality in Canada
Making Connections: Big Picture
The History of Homosexuality: Making Up People?
Sociological Perspectives on Sex and Sexuality
Structural Functionalism
Critical Sociology
Symbolic Interactionism
Queer Theory
Key Terms
Section Summary
Section Quiz
Short Answer
12.1. The Difference between Sex, Gender, and Sexuality
Further Research
References
Solutions to Section Quiz
Image Attributions
Content: The signs and characteristics of gender, on the other hand, may vary greatly between different societies as Margaret Mead’s research noted. For example, in American culture, it is considered feminine (or a trait of the female gender) to wear a dress or skirt. However, in many Middle Eastern, Asian, and African cultures, dresses or skirts (often referred to as sarongs, robes, or gowns) can be considered masculine. The kilt worn by a Scottish male does not make him appear feminine in his culture. Figure 12.3. George Catlin (1796-1872), Dance to the Berdache. Caitlin’s sketch depicts a ceremonial dance among the Sac and Fox Indians to celebrate the two-spirit person. ( Photo couresy of Wikimedia Commons). The dichotomous view of gender (the notion that one is either male or female) is specific to certain cultures and is not universal. In some cultures, gender is viewed as fluid. | https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontosociology2ndedition/chapter/chapter-12-gender-sex-and-sexuality/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_932916145#13_1735692795 | Title: Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality – Introduction to Sociology – 2nd Canadian Edition
Headings: Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
Learning Objectives
Introduction to Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
12.1. The Difference between Sex, Gender, and Sexuality
Making Connections: Social Policy and Debate
The Legalese of Sex and Gender
Sexuality
Gender Roles
Gender Identity
The Dominant Gender Schema
Making Connections: Sociology in the Real World
Intersexed Individuals and the Case of John/Joan
12.2. Gender
Gender and Socialization
Socialization
Social Stratification and Inequality
Making Connections: Sociological Research
Is the Patriarchy Dead?
Table 12.1. Women’s wages as a percentage of men’s in Canada, from 1988 to 2008.
Theoretical Perspectives on Gender
Structural Functionalism
Critical Sociology
Feminist Theory
Symbolic Interactionism
Making Connections: Sociological Research
Being Male, Being Female, and Being Healthy
12.3. Sex and Sexuality
Sexual Attitudes and Practices
Sexuality around the World
Sexuality in Canada
Making Connections: Big Picture
The History of Homosexuality: Making Up People?
Sociological Perspectives on Sex and Sexuality
Structural Functionalism
Critical Sociology
Symbolic Interactionism
Queer Theory
Key Terms
Section Summary
Section Quiz
Short Answer
12.1. The Difference between Sex, Gender, and Sexuality
Further Research
References
Solutions to Section Quiz
Image Attributions
Content: George Catlin (1796-1872), Dance to the Berdache. Caitlin’s sketch depicts a ceremonial dance among the Sac and Fox Indians to celebrate the two-spirit person. ( Photo couresy of Wikimedia Commons). The dichotomous view of gender (the notion that one is either male or female) is specific to certain cultures and is not universal. In some cultures, gender is viewed as fluid. In the past, some anthropologists used the term berdache or two spirit person to refer to individuals who occasionally or permanently dressed and lived as the opposite gender. The practice has been noted among certain Aboriginal groups (Jacobs, Thomas, and Lang, 1997). Samoan culture accepts what they refer to as a “third gender.” Fa’afafine, which translates as “the way of the woman,” is a term used to describe individuals who are born biologically male but embody both masculine and feminine traits. Fa’afafines are considered an important part of Samoan culture. | https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontosociology2ndedition/chapter/chapter-12-gender-sex-and-sexuality/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_932916145#14_1735695549 | Title: Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality – Introduction to Sociology – 2nd Canadian Edition
Headings: Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
Chapter 12. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
Learning Objectives
Introduction to Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
12.1. The Difference between Sex, Gender, and Sexuality
Making Connections: Social Policy and Debate
The Legalese of Sex and Gender
Sexuality
Gender Roles
Gender Identity
The Dominant Gender Schema
Making Connections: Sociology in the Real World
Intersexed Individuals and the Case of John/Joan
12.2. Gender
Gender and Socialization
Socialization
Social Stratification and Inequality
Making Connections: Sociological Research
Is the Patriarchy Dead?
Table 12.1. Women’s wages as a percentage of men’s in Canada, from 1988 to 2008.
Theoretical Perspectives on Gender
Structural Functionalism
Critical Sociology
Feminist Theory
Symbolic Interactionism
Making Connections: Sociological Research
Being Male, Being Female, and Being Healthy
12.3. Sex and Sexuality
Sexual Attitudes and Practices
Sexuality around the World
Sexuality in Canada
Making Connections: Big Picture
The History of Homosexuality: Making Up People?
Sociological Perspectives on Sex and Sexuality
Structural Functionalism
Critical Sociology
Symbolic Interactionism
Queer Theory
Key Terms
Section Summary
Section Quiz
Short Answer
12.1. The Difference between Sex, Gender, and Sexuality
Further Research
References
Solutions to Section Quiz
Image Attributions
Content: In the past, some anthropologists used the term berdache or two spirit person to refer to individuals who occasionally or permanently dressed and lived as the opposite gender. The practice has been noted among certain Aboriginal groups (Jacobs, Thomas, and Lang, 1997). Samoan culture accepts what they refer to as a “third gender.” Fa’afafine, which translates as “the way of the woman,” is a term used to describe individuals who are born biologically male but embody both masculine and feminine traits. Fa’afafines are considered an important part of Samoan culture. Individuals from other cultures may mislabel them as homosexuals because fa’afafines have a varied sexual life that may include men or women (Poasa, 1992). Making Connections: Social Policy and Debate
The Legalese of Sex and Gender
The terms sex and gender have not always been differentiated in the English language. It was not until the 1950s that American and British psychologists and other professionals working with intersex and transsexual patients formally began distinguishing between sex and gender. Since then, psychological and physiological professionals have increasingly used the term gender (Moi, 2005). | https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontosociology2ndedition/chapter/chapter-12-gender-sex-and-sexuality/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_934772288#3_1738618687 | Title: Barriers to Accurate Social Perception – Organizational Behavior
Headings: Barriers to Accurate Social Perception
Barriers to Accurate Social Perception
(Attribution: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license)
Stereotyping
(Attribution: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license)
Selective Perception
Perceptual Defense
Glossary
Perceptual defense
Selective perception
Stereotyping
Content: Managing the Unmanageable, 3rd Edition (New York: Wiley, 2010). They argue that stereotypes may be to some extent based upon fact. People tend to compare other groups with their own group, accentuating minor differences between groups to form a stereotype. For example, older people as a group may indeed be more conservative or more old-fashioned. These traits then become emphasized and attributed to particular older individuals. At least three types of stereotype can be found in organizations: those dealing with age, race, and gender. Age stereotypes can be found throughout organizations. A recent study by
C. von Hippel, et al, “Age-based stereotype threat and work outcomes: | https://opentextbc.ca/organizationalbehavioropenstax/chapter/barriers-to-accurate-social-perception/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_934772288#4_1738620062 | Title: Barriers to Accurate Social Perception – Organizational Behavior
Headings: Barriers to Accurate Social Perception
Barriers to Accurate Social Perception
(Attribution: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license)
Stereotyping
(Attribution: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license)
Selective Perception
Perceptual Defense
Glossary
Perceptual defense
Selective perception
Stereotyping
Content: These traits then become emphasized and attributed to particular older individuals. At least three types of stereotype can be found in organizations: those dealing with age, race, and gender. Age stereotypes can be found throughout organizations. A recent study by
C. von Hippel, et al, “Age-based stereotype threat and work outcomes: Stress appraisals and ruminations as mediators,” Psychology and Aging, February 2019, pp. 68-84. found that there are still clear stereotypes of older employees. They are thought to be (1) more resistant to organizational change, (2) less creative, (3) less likely to take calculated risks, (4) lower in physical capacity, (5) less interested in learning new techniques, and (6) less capable of learning new techniques. When asked to make personnel decisions concerning older people, the business students generally followed several trends. | https://opentextbc.ca/organizationalbehavioropenstax/chapter/barriers-to-accurate-social-perception/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_934953470#2_1738929309 | Title: Motivation: Direction and Intensity – Organizational Behavior
Headings: Motivation: Direction and Intensity
Motivation: Direction and Intensity
Glossary
performance environment
Content: Validity and utility of alternative predictors of job performance. Psychological Bulletin 96: 72–98. Accurate role perceptions refer to how well an individual understands their organizational role. This includes the goals (outcomes) the person is expected to achieve and the process by which the goals will be achieved. An employee who has accurate role perceptions knows both their expected outcomes and how to go about making those outcomes a reality. Incomplete or inaccurate role perceptions limit employees’ capacity to meet expectations, regardless of their abilities and motivation. The performance environment refers to those factors that impact employees’ performance but are essentially out of their control. Many environmental factors influence performance. Some factors facilitate performance, while others constrain it. | https://opentextbc.ca/organizationalbehavioropenstax/chapter/motivation-direction-and-intensity/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_934953470#3_1738930575 | Title: Motivation: Direction and Intensity – Organizational Behavior
Headings: Motivation: Direction and Intensity
Motivation: Direction and Intensity
Glossary
performance environment
Content: An employee who has accurate role perceptions knows both their expected outcomes and how to go about making those outcomes a reality. Incomplete or inaccurate role perceptions limit employees’ capacity to meet expectations, regardless of their abilities and motivation. The performance environment refers to those factors that impact employees’ performance but are essentially out of their control. Many environmental factors influence performance. Some factors facilitate performance, while others constrain it. A word processor who has to work with a defective personal computer is certainly not going to perform at peak levels, regardless of ability or desire. Students who are working full time and carrying a full load of classes may not do as well on an exam as they would if they could cut back on their work hours, despite the fact that they have high ability and high motivation. Motivation is the fourth major factor that determines whether a person will perform a task well. Motivation is a force within or outside of the body that energizes, directs, and sustains human behavior. Within the body, examples might be needs, personal values, and goals, while an incentive might be seen as a force outside of the body. | https://opentextbc.ca/organizationalbehavioropenstax/chapter/motivation-direction-and-intensity/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_937012964#17_1741755306 | Title: 1.1 What Is Economics, and Why Is It Important? – Principles of Economics
Headings:
1.1 What Is Economics, and Why Is It Important?
Learning Objectives
The Problem of Scarcity
The Division of and Specialization of Labor
Why the Division of Labor Increases Production
Trade and Markets
Why Study Economics?
Key Concepts and Summary
Self-Check Questions
Critical Thinking Questions
References
Glossary
Solutions
Answers for Self-Check Questions
Content: Second, workers who specialize in certain tasks often learn to produce more quickly and with higher quality. This pattern holds true for many workers, including assembly line laborers who build cars, stylists who cut hair, and doctors who perform heart surgery. In fact, specialized workers often know their jobs well enough to suggest innovative ways to do their work faster and better. A similar pattern often operates within businesses. In many cases, a business that focuses on one or a few products (sometimes called its “ core competency ”) is more successful than firms that try to make a wide range of products. Third, specialization allows businesses to take advantage of economies of scale, which means that for many goods, as the level of production increases, the average cost of producing each individual unit declines. For example, if a factory produces only 100 cars per year, each car will be quite expensive to make on average. However, if a factory produces 50,000 cars each year, then it can set up an assembly line with huge machines and workers performing specialized tasks, and the average cost of production per car will be lower. The ultimate result of workers who can focus on their preferences and talents, learn to do their specialized jobs better, and work in larger organizations is that society as a whole can produce and consume far more than if each person tried to produce all of their own goods and services. The division and specialization of labor has been a force against the problem of scarcity. | https://opentextbc.ca/principlesofeconomics/chapter/1-1-what-is-economics-and-why-is-it-important/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_938031982#13_1743414331 | Title: 30.2 Taxation – Principles of Economics
Headings:
30.2 Taxation
Learning Objectives
Federal Taxes
How does the marginal rate work?
State and Local Taxes
Key Concepts and Summary
Self-Check Questions
Critical Thinking Questions
References
Glossary
Solutions
Answers to Self-Check Questions
Content: A regressive tax is one, like the payroll tax (above a certain threshold) that supports Social Security, where those with high income pay a lower share of income in taxes than those with lower incomes. Self-Check Questions
Suppose that gifts were taxed at a rate of 10% for amounts up to $100,000 and 20% for anything over that amount. Would this tax be regressive or progressive? If an individual owns a corporation for which he is the only employee, which different types of federal tax will he have to pay? What taxes would an individual pay if he were self-employed and the business is not incorporated? The social security tax is 6.2% on employees’ income earned below $113,000. Is this tax progressive, regressive or proportional? Critical Thinking Questions
Excise taxes on tobacco and alcohol and state sales taxes are often criticized for being regressive. Although everyone pays the same rate regardless of income, why might this be so? What is the benefit of having state and local taxes on income instead of collecting all such taxes at the federal level? | https://opentextbc.ca/principlesofeconomics/chapter/30-2-taxation/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_938582658#1_1744230562 | Title: 9.1 How Monopolies Form: Barriers to Entry – Principles of Economics
Headings: 9.1 How Monopolies Form: Barriers to Entry
9.1 How Monopolies Form: Barriers to Entry
Learning Objectives
Natural Monopoly
Control of a Physical Resource
Legal Monopoly
Promoting Innovation
Intimidating Potential Competition
Summing Up Barriers to Entry
Key Concepts and Summary
Self-Check Questions
Critical Thinking Questions
Problems
Glossary
Solutions
Answers to Self-Check Questions
Content: Explain how economies of scale and the control of natural resources led to the necessary formation of legal monopolies
Analyze the importance of trademarks and patents in promoting innovation
Identify examples of predatory pricing
Because of the lack of competition, monopolies tend to earn significant economic profits. These profits should attract vigorous competition as described in Perfect Competition, and yet, because of one particular characteristic of monopoly, they do not. Barriers to entry are the legal, technological, or market forces that discourage or prevent potential competitors from entering a market. Barriers to entry can range from the simple and easily surmountable, such as the cost of renting retail space, to the extremely restrictive. For example, there are a finite number of radio frequencies available for broadcasting. Once the rights to all of them have been purchased, no new competitors can enter the market. In some cases, barriers to entry may lead to monopoly. In other cases, they may limit competition to a few firms. Barriers may block entry even if the firm or firms currently in the market are earning profits. Thus, in markets with significant barriers to entry, it is not true that abnormally high profits will attract new firms, and that this entry of new firms will eventually cause the price to decline so that surviving firms earn only a normal level of profit in the long run. | https://opentextbc.ca/principlesofeconomics/chapter/9-1-how-monopolies-form-barriers-to-entry/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_938795787#1_1744539625 | Title: How Monopolies Form: Barriers to Entry – Principles of Economics 2e
Headings: How Monopolies Form: Barriers to Entry
How Monopolies Form: Barriers to Entry
Learning Objectives
Natural Monopoly
Control of a Physical Resource
Legal Monopoly
Promoting Innovation
Intimidating Potential Competition
Summing Up Barriers to Entry
Barriers to Entry
Key Concepts and Summary
Self-Check Questions
Critical Thinking Questions
Problems
Glossary
barriers to entry
Content: These profits should attract vigorous competition as we described in Perfect Competition, and yet, because of one particular characteristic of monopoly, they do not. Barriers to entry are the legal, technological, or market forces that discourage or prevent potential competitors from entering a market. Barriers to entry can range from the simple and easily surmountable, such as the cost of renting retail space, to the extremely restrictive. For example, there are a finite number of radio frequencies available for broadcasting. Once an entrepreneur or firm has purchased the rights to all of them, no new competitors can enter the market. In some cases, barriers to entry may lead to monopoly. In other cases, they may limit competition to a few firms. Barriers may block entry even if the firm or firms currently in the market are earning profits. Thus, in markets with significant barriers to entry, it is not necessarily true that abnormally high profits will attract new firms, and that this entry of new firms will eventually cause the price to decline so that surviving firms earn only a normal level of profit in the long run. There are two types of monopoly, based on the types of barriers to entry they exploit. | https://opentextbc.ca/principlesofeconomics2eopenstax/chapter/how-monopolies-form-barriers-to-entry/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_939067526#15_1745000338 | Title: Barriers to Effective Decision-Making – Principles of Management
Headings: Barriers to Effective Decision-Making
Barriers to Effective Decision-Making
Bounded Rationality
Escalation of Commitment
Time Constraints
Uncertainty
Personal Biases
Conflict
Glossary
Bounded rationality
Confirmation bias
Escalation of commitment
Process conflict
Relationship conflict
Content: He suggests that unforeseen and unanticipated risks are becoming more frequent and less predictable and are having a greater impact on more people at one time. Credit (New America/ flickr/ Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0))
If the bad behavior is not corrected, it will continue, which is going to cause more problems in the workplace in the long run. Other employees may recognize that this behavior is allowed, and they may also start coming to work late or engaging in other negative behaviors. Eventually, some employees may become sufficiently frustrated that they look for another place to work. It’s worth noting that in this situation, the best employees will find new jobs the most quickly. It’s important for managers to recognize that while conflict can be uncomfortable (especially in the short-term), there are times when it is necessary for the group, department, or organization to function effectively in the long run. It is also helpful to think about conflict in terms of process co | https://opentextbc.ca/principlesofmanagementopenstax/chapter/barriers-to-effective-decision-making/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_939223118#2_1745241383 | Title: Overview of Managerial Decision-Making – Principles of Management
Headings: Overview of Managerial Decision-Making
Overview of Managerial Decision-Making
Deciding When to Decide
What’s the Right (Correct) Answer?
What’s the Right (Ethical) Answer?
Glossary
Decision-making
Stakeholders
Content: Deciding When to Decide
While some decisions are simple, a manager’s decisions are often complex ones that involve a range of options and uncertain outcomes. When deciding among various options and uncertain outcomes, managers need to gather information, which leads them to another necessary decision: how much information is needed to make a good decision? Managers frequently make decisions without complete information; indeed, one of the hallmarks of an effective leader is the ability to determine when to hold off on a decision and gather more information, and when to make a decision with the information at hand. Waiting too long to make a decision can be as harmful for the organization as reaching a decision too quickly. Failing to react quickly enough can lead to missed opportunities, yet acting too quickly can lead to organizational resources being poorly allocated to projects with no chance of success. Effective managers must decide when they have gathered enough information and must be prepared to change course if additional information becomes available that makes it clear that the original decision was a poor one. For individuals with fragile egos, changing course can be challenging because admitting to a mistake can be harder than forging ahead with a bad plan. Effective managers recognize that given the complexity of many tasks, some failures are inevitable. | https://opentextbc.ca/principlesofmanagementopenstax/chapter/overview-of-managerial-decision-making/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_940613788#0_1747038914 | Title: Conducting Research in Social Psychology – Principles of Social Psychology – 1st International Edition
Headings: Conducting Research in Social Psychology
Conducting Research in Social Psychology
The Importance of Scientific Research
Answer each of the following questions, using your own intuition, as either true or false.
Measuring Affect, Behavior, and Cognition
Social Neuroscience: Measuring Social Responses in the Brain
Observational Research
Research Design
Goal
Advantages
Disadvantages
The Research Hypothesis
Correlational Research
Experimental Research
viewing violence (independent variable) → aggressive behavior (dependent variable)
Factorial Research Designs
Deception in Social Psychology Experiments
Interpreting Research
References
Content: Conducting Research in Social Psychology – Principles of Social Psychology – 1st International Edition
1. Introducing Social Psychology
Conducting Research in Social Psychology
Learning Objectives
Explain why social psychologists rely on empirical methods to study social behavior. Provide examples of how social psychologists measure the variables they are interested in. Review the three types of research designs, and evaluate the strengths and limitations of each type. Consider the role of validity in research, and describe how research programs should be evaluated. Social psychologists are not the only people interested in understanding and predicting social behavior or the only people who study it. Social behavior is also considered by religious leaders, philosophers, politicians, novelists, and others, and it is a common topic on TV shows. But the social psychological approach to understanding social behavior goes beyond the mere observation of human actions. Social psychologists believe that a true understanding of the causes of social behavior can only be obtained through a systematic scientific approach, and that is why they conduct scientific research. Social psychologists believe that the study of social behavior should be empirical —that is, based on the collection and systematic analysis of observable data. | https://opentextbc.ca/socialpsychology/chapter/conducting-research-in-social-psychology/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_940613788#1_1747041279 | Title: Conducting Research in Social Psychology – Principles of Social Psychology – 1st International Edition
Headings: Conducting Research in Social Psychology
Conducting Research in Social Psychology
The Importance of Scientific Research
Answer each of the following questions, using your own intuition, as either true or false.
Measuring Affect, Behavior, and Cognition
Social Neuroscience: Measuring Social Responses in the Brain
Observational Research
Research Design
Goal
Advantages
Disadvantages
The Research Hypothesis
Correlational Research
Experimental Research
viewing violence (independent variable) → aggressive behavior (dependent variable)
Factorial Research Designs
Deception in Social Psychology Experiments
Interpreting Research
References
Content: Social psychologists are not the only people interested in understanding and predicting social behavior or the only people who study it. Social behavior is also considered by religious leaders, philosophers, politicians, novelists, and others, and it is a common topic on TV shows. But the social psychological approach to understanding social behavior goes beyond the mere observation of human actions. Social psychologists believe that a true understanding of the causes of social behavior can only be obtained through a systematic scientific approach, and that is why they conduct scientific research. Social psychologists believe that the study of social behavior should be empirical —that is, based on the collection and systematic analysis of observable data. The Importance of Scientific Research
Because social psychology concerns the relationships among people, and because we can frequently find answers to questions about human behavior by using our own common sense or intuition, many people think that it is not necessary to study it empirically (Lilienfeld, 2011). But although we do learn about people by observing others and therefore social psychology is in fact partly common sense, social psychology is not entirely common sense. To test for yourself whether or not social psychology is just common sense, try taking the short quiz in Table 1.1, “Is Social Psychology Just Common Sense?” and respond to each statement with either “True” or “False.” Based on your past observations of people’s behavior, along with your own common sense, you will likely have answers to each of the questions on the quiz. | https://opentextbc.ca/socialpsychology/chapter/conducting-research-in-social-psychology/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_940613788#2_1747043952 | Title: Conducting Research in Social Psychology – Principles of Social Psychology – 1st International Edition
Headings: Conducting Research in Social Psychology
Conducting Research in Social Psychology
The Importance of Scientific Research
Answer each of the following questions, using your own intuition, as either true or false.
Measuring Affect, Behavior, and Cognition
Social Neuroscience: Measuring Social Responses in the Brain
Observational Research
Research Design
Goal
Advantages
Disadvantages
The Research Hypothesis
Correlational Research
Experimental Research
viewing violence (independent variable) → aggressive behavior (dependent variable)
Factorial Research Designs
Deception in Social Psychology Experiments
Interpreting Research
References
Content: The Importance of Scientific Research
Because social psychology concerns the relationships among people, and because we can frequently find answers to questions about human behavior by using our own common sense or intuition, many people think that it is not necessary to study it empirically (Lilienfeld, 2011). But although we do learn about people by observing others and therefore social psychology is in fact partly common sense, social psychology is not entirely common sense. To test for yourself whether or not social psychology is just common sense, try taking the short quiz in Table 1.1, “Is Social Psychology Just Common Sense?” and respond to each statement with either “True” or “False.” Based on your past observations of people’s behavior, along with your own common sense, you will likely have answers to each of the questions on the quiz. But how sure are you? Would you be willing to bet that all, or even most, of your answers have been shown to be correct by scientific research? If you are like most people, you will get at least some of these answers wrong. ( To see the answers and a brief description of the scientific research supporting each of these topics, please go to the Chapter Summary at the end of this chapter.) Table 1.1 “Is Social Psychology Just Common Sense?” | https://opentextbc.ca/socialpsychology/chapter/conducting-research-in-social-psychology/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_940682950#11_1747124208 | Title: Defining Social Psychology: History and Principles – Principles of Social Psychology – 1st International Edition
Headings: Defining Social Psychology: History and Principles
Defining Social Psychology: History and Principles
The History of Social Psychology
The Person and the Social Situation
Evolutionary Adaptation and Human Characteristics
Self-Concern
Other-Concern
The Social Situation Creates Powerful Social Influence
Social Psychology in the Public Interest
Social Influence Creates Social Norms
Different Cultures Have Different Norms
References
License
Share This Book
Content: The genetic code that defines human beings has provided us with specialized social skills that are important to survival. Just as keen eyesight, physical strength, and resistance to disease helped our ancestors survive, so too did the tendency to engage in social behaviors. We quickly make judgments about other people, help other people who are in need, and enjoy working together in social groups because these behaviors helped our ancestors to adapt and were passed along on their genes to the next generation (Ackerman & Kenrick, 2008; Barrett & Kurzban, 2006; Pinker, 2002). Our extraordinary social skills are primarily due to our large brains and the social intelligence that they provide us with (Herrmann, Call, Hernández-Lloreda, Hare, & Tomasello, 2007). The assumption that human nature, including much of our social behavior, is determined largely by our evolutionary past is known as evolutionary adaptation (Buss & Kenrick, 1998; Workman & Reader, 2008). In evolutionary theory, fitness refers to the extent to which having a given characteristic helps the individual organism to survive and to reproduce at a higher rate than do other m | https://opentextbc.ca/socialpsychology/chapter/defining-social-psychology-history-and-principles/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955083346#0_1764626198 | Title: How the Civil War Changed the Constitution - The New York Times
Headings: How the Civil War Changed the Constitution
Opinionator
How the Civil War Changed the Constitution
By Paul Finkelman
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Content: How the Civil War Changed the Constitution - The New York Times
Supported by
Opinionator
A Gathering of Opinion From Around the Web
Disunion
How the Civil War Changed the Constitution
By Paul Finkelman
June 2, 2015 7:00 am
June 2, 2015 7:00 am
Disunion follows the Civil War as it unfolded. The most obvious constitutional result of the Civil War was the adoption of three landmark constitutional amendments. The 13th ended slavery forever in the United States, while the 14th made all persons born in the United States (including the former slaves) citizens of the nation and prohibited the states from denying anyone the privileges and immunities of American citizenship, due process or law, or equal protection of the law. Finally, the 15th Amendment, ratified in 1870, prohibited the states from denying the franchise to anyone based on “race, color, or previous condition of servitude.” These amendments, however, have their roots in the war itself, and in some ways can been seen as formal acknowledgments of the way the war altered the Constitution. Other changes came about without any amendments. Thus, the war altered the Constitution in a variety of ways. A review of some of them underscores how the Union that President Lincoln preserved was fundamentally different — and better — than the Union he inherited when he became president. Slavery
The first and most obvious change involves slavery. The 13th Amendment was possible (as were the other two Civil War amendments) only because the war broke slavery’s stranglehold over politics and constitutional development. | https://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/06/02/how-the-civil-war-changed-the-constitution/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955182725#0_1764840200 | Title: Are Women Really Portrayed Negatively in the Media? - Opinion Front
Headings: Are Women Really Portrayed Negatively in the Media?
Are Women Really Portrayed Negatively in the Media?
Can you get dumber than this…
As Sexual Objects
Impact
Women as Stereotypes
Impact
In Passive, Incompetent Roles
Impact
Women in News and Sports
Impact
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Content: Are Women Really Portrayed Negatively in the Media? - Opinion Front
Are Women Really Portrayed Negatively in the Media? Despite taking huge strides towards equality, women continue to be typecast and under-represented in the media. OpinionFront tells you more about this. Home / Uncategorized / Are Women Really Portrayed Negatively in the Media? Despite taking huge strides towards equality, women continue to be typecast and under-represented in the media. OpinionFront tells you more about this. Can you get dumber than this…
Feminism was established so as to allow unattractive women easier access to the mainstream of society. ~ Rush Limbaugh ( Radio talk show host)
We know them all, the stereotypical femme fatale, the naive girl-next-door, the mean corporate climber, the frumpy housewife, the sexy and painfully thin female action hero. Many would say that women have taken long strides towards achieving equality in a male-dominated world. | https://opinionfront.com/are-women-portrayed-negatively-in-media |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955182725#13_1764863383 | Title: Are Women Really Portrayed Negatively in the Media? - Opinion Front
Headings: Are Women Really Portrayed Negatively in the Media?
Are Women Really Portrayed Negatively in the Media?
Can you get dumber than this…
As Sexual Objects
Impact
Women as Stereotypes
Impact
In Passive, Incompetent Roles
Impact
Women in News and Sports
Impact
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Content: In majority of the news stories, they were victims of accidents, crimes, discrimination or some health issues. Common issues that are often considered “private” like marital rape, wage inequality or domestic abuse took a backseat to the overwhelming percentage of male-dominated news. Stories of a woman’s professional abilities and expertise were also ignored. A study of the Australian media in 2008-09, found that of the in 33% of women-related issues, the family status (mother, daughter, wife, sister, or other family relationship) was mentioned compared to 13% of men. Women were described as homemakers or parents in 75% of news articles. Apart from being underrepresented in hard news, the presence of women professionals in news media was also very less. According to the Global Media Monitoring Project (GMMP), although 57% of news presenters were female, only 29% of the news stories were written by women. In sports news, the figures are even more dismal with only two percent of the airtime occupied by women. Margaret Carlisle Duncan and Michael Messner came up with a report that stated commentators, most of whom were men, used the words “big,” “strong,” “brilliant,” “gutsy” and “aggressive,” to describe male athletes and “weary”, “fatigued,” “frustrated,” “panicked,” “vulnerable” and “choking” to describe female athletes. Impact
The trivialization of women, and the lack of representation in news and sports, has created an unconscious bias in society towards women. | https://opinionfront.com/are-women-portrayed-negatively-in-media |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955182725#14_1764865569 | Title: Are Women Really Portrayed Negatively in the Media? - Opinion Front
Headings: Are Women Really Portrayed Negatively in the Media?
Are Women Really Portrayed Negatively in the Media?
Can you get dumber than this…
As Sexual Objects
Impact
Women as Stereotypes
Impact
In Passive, Incompetent Roles
Impact
Women in News and Sports
Impact
Like it? Share it!
Content: Apart from being underrepresented in hard news, the presence of women professionals in news media was also very less. According to the Global Media Monitoring Project (GMMP), although 57% of news presenters were female, only 29% of the news stories were written by women. In sports news, the figures are even more dismal with only two percent of the airtime occupied by women. Margaret Carlisle Duncan and Michael Messner came up with a report that stated commentators, most of whom were men, used the words “big,” “strong,” “brilliant,” “gutsy” and “aggressive,” to describe male athletes and “weary”, “fatigued,” “frustrated,” “panicked,” “vulnerable” and “choking” to describe female athletes. Impact
The trivialization of women, and the lack of representation in news and sports, has created an unconscious bias in society towards women. Somehow their problems or achievements do not seem to hold the same importance as that of their male counterparts. The media is a powerful tool of change and to bring about a positive change, we have to take certain initiatives. Like any business, media also caters to its viewers and tries to match up to the viewers expectations. If something is offensive then feedback to the editors or online comments can let them know of viewers opinions. With simple steps like these, we can influence a positive change and correct the representation of women. | https://opinionfront.com/are-women-portrayed-negatively-in-media |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955399135#8_1765417880 | Title: Controversial Issues in Education - Opinion Front
Headings: Controversial Issues in Education
Controversial Issues in Education
SOME CONTROVERSIAL TOPICS IN THE FIELD OF EDUCATION
Prayers in Public Schools
Sex Education
Corporal Punishment
Gun Control
Online Education
Content of Textbooks
Teachers’ Assessment and Evaluation
School Uniform and Clothing
Common Core State Standards
Students with Special Needs
Racial Discrimination
Abandoning Letter Grading System
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Content: Post the massacre, many states in the country revised their policies of gun control. In fact, many states came up with the provisions to allow teachers to carry guns to school, with the school administrator’s consent. Also, many schools have implemented teacher’s training to use guns and thereby defend school children and themselves under such threats. However, many have voiced concern that the presence of guns in school could be potentially dangerous, especially if in control of inexperienced hands. Online Education
It is evident that technological growth is bound to influence the teaching techniques in educational institutions. We can already see the emergence of non-traditional concepts such as flipped schools, Massive Opening Online Courses (MOOCs), etc., where online education plays a substantial role than the traditional face-to-face student-teacher interaction. Although this new wave of learning has shown positive results when it comes to the participation of students, a debate still exists. Those who oppose this method of learning argue that a personal interaction, which lacks in online courses, is the key element to build a student-teacher bond that plays a crucial role in the whole teaching process. Without the physical presence of a tutor, it would be difficult for students to clear the basic understanding, or clarify the complexities of a particular subject. | https://opinionfront.com/controversial-issues-in-education |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955399135#9_1765419984 | Title: Controversial Issues in Education - Opinion Front
Headings: Controversial Issues in Education
Controversial Issues in Education
SOME CONTROVERSIAL TOPICS IN THE FIELD OF EDUCATION
Prayers in Public Schools
Sex Education
Corporal Punishment
Gun Control
Online Education
Content of Textbooks
Teachers’ Assessment and Evaluation
School Uniform and Clothing
Common Core State Standards
Students with Special Needs
Racial Discrimination
Abandoning Letter Grading System
Like it? Share it!
Content: We can already see the emergence of non-traditional concepts such as flipped schools, Massive Opening Online Courses (MOOCs), etc., where online education plays a substantial role than the traditional face-to-face student-teacher interaction. Although this new wave of learning has shown positive results when it comes to the participation of students, a debate still exists. Those who oppose this method of learning argue that a personal interaction, which lacks in online courses, is the key element to build a student-teacher bond that plays a crucial role in the whole teaching process. Without the physical presence of a tutor, it would be difficult for students to clear the basic understanding, or clarify the complexities of a particular subject. Content of Textbooks
There has always been an unending debate on the content of textbooks used in public schools, especially from the viewpoint of Creationism vs Evolution. There are numerous cases where parents have reached courtrooms just because the textbooks of their children questioned their religious/scientific beliefs. While there have been endless efforts to bring about a balance in the texts included in the school curriculum, because the two aspects (religion and science) are bound to be contradictory to each other, the controversy remains to be very much around. Teachers’ Assessment and Evaluation
The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act 2009, which is considered as a major milestone on America’s road to recovery, also emphasizes on the reformation of the education system in the country. One aspect of this act is to ensure that all schools have qualified and efficacious teachers, and that their efficiency is evaluated on a regular basis. | https://opinionfront.com/controversial-issues-in-education |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955399135#11_1765424842 | Title: Controversial Issues in Education - Opinion Front
Headings: Controversial Issues in Education
Controversial Issues in Education
SOME CONTROVERSIAL TOPICS IN THE FIELD OF EDUCATION
Prayers in Public Schools
Sex Education
Corporal Punishment
Gun Control
Online Education
Content of Textbooks
Teachers’ Assessment and Evaluation
School Uniform and Clothing
Common Core State Standards
Students with Special Needs
Racial Discrimination
Abandoning Letter Grading System
Like it? Share it!
Content: The controversy lies not in the intention but the implementation of this task. Many suggest that the ideal way of evaluation is to assess the results of a teacher’s current students, and compare them with the previous results of the same students, or with other students belonging to the same grade. However, the question is whether this method would give a fair idea regarding the teacher’s potential, as the students he/she is teaching may also include those who are weak in studies, or are low-performing. School Uniform and Clothing
Even school uniforms have been the subject of controversies! Although they’re a norm in most countries, there are various pros and cons of this subject that have been debated all across the globe. Speaking of the United States, the main challenge lies in establishing norms that give students the right to dress as per their individuality. Of course, there are restrictions to ensure that children don’t wear something sexually or socially provocative. A major part of the controversy lies in the subject of cross-gender dressing. While the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th amendment protects all U.S. citizens from discrimination based on gender, not all schools have been open in this respect. Then again, the basic issue of whether all schools should implement standardized uniforms to avoid these conflicts, still remains unresolved. | https://opinionfront.com/controversial-issues-in-education |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955492998#1_1765640143 | Title: Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide - Opinion Front
Headings: Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide
Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide
What is Euthanasia
What is Assisted Suicide
Difference Between Both the Killings
Arguments that Support both the Deaths
Arguments Against both the Deaths
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Content: This article will cover information that will help you understand the ongoing debate on the right to die. One of the biggest challenges in life is facing death. Especially, when you know death is inevitable in your case. Every day, thousands of patients who are terminally ill or are totally incapacitated are seeking for information related to two terms – euthanasia and assisted suicide. In most religions, suicide is considered to be a sin. No one has the right to take away life given by God. However, compared to the pain, suffering and trauma one goes through, death seems like an easy way. Both ways to die are compassionate acts of taking the life of the person suffering from pain. What is Euthanasia
It is defined as intentional killing or omission of life of a person who no longer feels that it is worth living. It is generally carried out by a doctor. | https://opinionfront.com/difference-between-euthanasia-assisted-suicide |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955492998#2_1765641581 | Title: Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide - Opinion Front
Headings: Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide
Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide
What is Euthanasia
What is Assisted Suicide
Difference Between Both the Killings
Arguments that Support both the Deaths
Arguments Against both the Deaths
Like it? Share it!
Content: No one has the right to take away life given by God. However, compared to the pain, suffering and trauma one goes through, death seems like an easy way. Both ways to die are compassionate acts of taking the life of the person suffering from pain. What is Euthanasia
It is defined as intentional killing or omission of life of a person who no longer feels that it is worth living. It is generally carried out by a doctor. The doctor administers lethal drugs, mostly by injection into the patient’s body. It should be noted that this act is considered illegal in most countries. There are different types of this act: ♦ Voluntary: The patient is competent enough to request for this act of killing from the doctor. | https://opinionfront.com/difference-between-euthanasia-assisted-suicide |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955492998#6_1765647137 | Title: Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide - Opinion Front
Headings: Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide
Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide
What is Euthanasia
What is Assisted Suicide
Difference Between Both the Killings
Arguments that Support both the Deaths
Arguments Against both the Deaths
Like it? Share it!
Content: Patients who have been in coma or a vegetative state for years and who have no hope of coming back to consciousness are given non-voluntary euthanasia. However, they are both acts of taking life. They are considered to be morally and ethically wrong. Arguments that Support both the Deaths
There are many who support both the acts of killing. These people argue that a person suffering from a terminal illness or who is in considerable pain and completely reliant on loved ones, caregivers, etc., for their daily care has the right to end his/her life. These people are said to have a right to end their own lives as and when they choose. The arguments for both acts are based on the right to die with dignity and if competent enough, these patients have the right to choose the location and comforts before they are freed from their constant pain. Arguments Against both the Deaths
As there are always two sides of a coin, there are many who are totally against euthanasia and assisted suicide. The reasons against these killings are based on religious and moral views. | https://opinionfront.com/difference-between-euthanasia-assisted-suicide |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955492998#7_1765648778 | Title: Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide - Opinion Front
Headings: Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide
Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide
What is Euthanasia
What is Assisted Suicide
Difference Between Both the Killings
Arguments that Support both the Deaths
Arguments Against both the Deaths
Like it? Share it!
Content: for their daily care has the right to end his/her life. These people are said to have a right to end their own lives as and when they choose. The arguments for both acts are based on the right to die with dignity and if competent enough, these patients have the right to choose the location and comforts before they are freed from their constant pain. Arguments Against both the Deaths
As there are always two sides of a coin, there are many who are totally against euthanasia and assisted suicide. The reasons against these killings are based on religious and moral views. According to the doctrines of some of the major religions around the world, suicide in any form is totally wrong and sinful. It is only God who has the right to take away life as He is the life giver. For that matter, in euthanasia too, it is a medical professional who gives the final injection to the patient, which is an indirect way of suicide. One has agreed to get killed and asked someone to do it for them. Assisted suicide is also killing of oneself with the help of others. | https://opinionfront.com/difference-between-euthanasia-assisted-suicide |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955492998#8_1765650405 | Title: Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide - Opinion Front
Headings: Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide
Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide
What is Euthanasia
What is Assisted Suicide
Difference Between Both the Killings
Arguments that Support both the Deaths
Arguments Against both the Deaths
Like it? Share it!
Content: According to the doctrines of some of the major religions around the world, suicide in any form is totally wrong and sinful. It is only God who has the right to take away life as He is the life giver. For that matter, in euthanasia too, it is a medical professional who gives the final injection to the patient, which is an indirect way of suicide. One has agreed to get killed and asked someone to do it for them. Assisted suicide is also killing of oneself with the help of others. Morally and ethically, a medical professional has vowed to give and protect life. Thus, taking away life of a patient is an act, totally against the very basic principles of the medical professional. Also, the person asking for any of the acts of killing is considered to be in a state of comprised mental ability. This makes them unnecessarily ask for death to be freed from the depression, trauma and loss of freedom due to inability to carry out physical activities. As you can see, there is not a big difference between the two. | https://opinionfront.com/difference-between-euthanasia-assisted-suicide |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955492998#9_1765651990 | Title: Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide - Opinion Front
Headings: Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide
Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide
What is Euthanasia
What is Assisted Suicide
Difference Between Both the Killings
Arguments that Support both the Deaths
Arguments Against both the Deaths
Like it? Share it!
Content: Morally and ethically, a medical professional has vowed to give and protect life. Thus, taking away life of a patient is an act, totally against the very basic principles of the medical professional. Also, the person asking for any of the acts of killing is considered to be in a state of comprised mental ability. This makes them unnecessarily ask for death to be freed from the depression, trauma and loss of freedom due to inability to carry out physical activities. As you can see, there is not a big difference between the two. Both acts of killing are considered illegal in many countries and there are laws that punish the doctor or person carrying out these acts. There are a few countries where both or either one of these acts has been legalized. These countries include Netherlands, Switzerland, Belgium, Columbia, Luxembourg, Albania, Germany and Ireland (only passive euthanasia). Whether or not a person has the right to die remains debatable. Both these acts have a share of pros and cons. | https://opinionfront.com/difference-between-euthanasia-assisted-suicide |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955492998#10_1765653563 | Title: Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide - Opinion Front
Headings: Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide
Difference Between Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide
What is Euthanasia
What is Assisted Suicide
Difference Between Both the Killings
Arguments that Support both the Deaths
Arguments Against both the Deaths
Like it? Share it!
Content: Both acts of killing are considered illegal in many countries and there are laws that punish the doctor or person carrying out these acts. There are a few countries where both or either one of these acts has been legalized. These countries include Netherlands, Switzerland, Belgium, Columbia, Luxembourg, Albania, Germany and Ireland (only passive euthanasia). Whether or not a person has the right to die remains debatable. Both these acts have a share of pros and cons. Until and unless all the legal heads from around the world do not take a committed, singular stand, this debate will continue. Like it? Share it! « Previous Post
Next Post » | https://opinionfront.com/difference-between-euthanasia-assisted-suicide |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955534015#7_1765756977 | Title: Does Unemployment Increase Crime Rate? - Opinion Front
Headings: Does Unemployment Increase Crime Rate?
Does Unemployment Increase Crime Rate?
Crime Rate and Unemployment
Impact of Unemployment on Crime Rate
Other Factors
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Content: Impact of Unemployment on Crime Rate
It can be seen from the two studies mentioned above that there is no definite pattern in which unemployment may affect the rate of crime. Different trends can be viewed in different places, and at different points of time. Moreover, there are several other factors as well, which along with rising or falling unemployment, determine the trends in the rise or fall of crime rate. Several economists, who have attempted to study how unemployment may affect the crime rate, argue about both―for and against the direct connection between the two. Economists Bruce Weinberg, Eric Gould, and David Mustard hold a view that higher crime rate is linked to unemployment. They also argue that it is the unemployed, low-skilled workers who tend to turn towards crime, more than those who are highly educated. Others who argue against this viewpoint suggest that though unemployment may eventually lead to rise in crime, it is not always a direct cause. Unemployment may lead to several factors, which may, in turn, force people to take the path of crime. For instance, unemployment may lead to social vices, such as poverty and malnutrition, which may make some people turn towards crime. However, it should be noted that such is not the case always. | https://opinionfront.com/does-unemployment-increase-crime-rate |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955534015#8_1765758706 | Title: Does Unemployment Increase Crime Rate? - Opinion Front
Headings: Does Unemployment Increase Crime Rate?
Does Unemployment Increase Crime Rate?
Crime Rate and Unemployment
Impact of Unemployment on Crime Rate
Other Factors
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Content: They also argue that it is the unemployed, low-skilled workers who tend to turn towards crime, more than those who are highly educated. Others who argue against this viewpoint suggest that though unemployment may eventually lead to rise in crime, it is not always a direct cause. Unemployment may lead to several factors, which may, in turn, force people to take the path of crime. For instance, unemployment may lead to social vices, such as poverty and malnutrition, which may make some people turn towards crime. However, it should be noted that such is not the case always. In several countries, like the US and the UK, there are certain monetary benefits that the unemployed receive, and though these may not be enough, they certainly work towards restricting the number of people turning towards crime. Other Factors
When speaking of crime rates, it is also vital to consider factors, other than unemployment, which more often than not, may have a more profound impact. Of these, geographical location is the most important. Sometimes, certain geographical locations are such that they make available, a perfect setting for a certain type of crime to happen. For instance, a port town may prove to be a perfect setting for illegal smuggling of goods by the sea. | https://opinionfront.com/does-unemployment-increase-crime-rate |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955534015#9_1765760421 | Title: Does Unemployment Increase Crime Rate? - Opinion Front
Headings: Does Unemployment Increase Crime Rate?
Does Unemployment Increase Crime Rate?
Crime Rate and Unemployment
Impact of Unemployment on Crime Rate
Other Factors
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Content: In several countries, like the US and the UK, there are certain monetary benefits that the unemployed receive, and though these may not be enough, they certainly work towards restricting the number of people turning towards crime. Other Factors
When speaking of crime rates, it is also vital to consider factors, other than unemployment, which more often than not, may have a more profound impact. Of these, geographical location is the most important. Sometimes, certain geographical locations are such that they make available, a perfect setting for a certain type of crime to happen. For instance, a port town may prove to be a perfect setting for illegal smuggling of goods by the sea. Similarly, other factors, such as, social and political structures, overall culture, etc., also determine the rise and fall in crime rates. Notably, unemployment―if it does lead to crime―results in the increase in the number of property crimes rather than the violent ones. It has been observed that people turning towards crime due to unemployment, are not inherently criminals. Most of them also tend to explore other options before committing anti-social and law-breaking acts. | https://opinionfront.com/does-unemployment-increase-crime-rate |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955534015#10_1765762049 | Title: Does Unemployment Increase Crime Rate? - Opinion Front
Headings: Does Unemployment Increase Crime Rate?
Does Unemployment Increase Crime Rate?
Crime Rate and Unemployment
Impact of Unemployment on Crime Rate
Other Factors
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Content: Similarly, other factors, such as, social and political structures, overall culture, etc., also determine the rise and fall in crime rates. Notably, unemployment―if it does lead to crime―results in the increase in the number of property crimes rather than the violent ones. It has been observed that people turning towards crime due to unemployment, are not inherently criminals. Most of them also tend to explore other options before committing anti-social and law-breaking acts. Such people cannot go farther than property crimes, except in some extremely rare instances. On the other hand, people who indulge in violent crimes, seldom come under the “unemployed” category. In fact, many of them are professional criminals, committing criminal acts for money. So, what is important is the fact that irrespective of whether a person is employed or not, it is eventually his own thought process that persuades or dissuades him from committing a crime. To sum up, unemployment is definitely one of the factors that may lead to an increase in crime rates. | https://opinionfront.com/does-unemployment-increase-crime-rate |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955534015#11_1765763570 | Title: Does Unemployment Increase Crime Rate? - Opinion Front
Headings: Does Unemployment Increase Crime Rate?
Does Unemployment Increase Crime Rate?
Crime Rate and Unemployment
Impact of Unemployment on Crime Rate
Other Factors
Like it? Share it!
Content: Such people cannot go farther than property crimes, except in some extremely rare instances. On the other hand, people who indulge in violent crimes, seldom come under the “unemployed” category. In fact, many of them are professional criminals, committing criminal acts for money. So, what is important is the fact that irrespective of whether a person is employed or not, it is eventually his own thought process that persuades or dissuades him from committing a crime. To sum up, unemployment is definitely one of the factors that may lead to an increase in crime rates. However, it seldom works individually. In most instances, unemployment has to be complemented by several other factors, and crime is often a collective outcome of these. Nevertheless, a point to be considered is that even crime is highly organized these days, with a lot of money involved. So, in many cases, crime may also function on its own. It can, thus, be said that the equation between unemployment and crime is rather complicated, and their relationship depends on various other factors as well. | https://opinionfront.com/does-unemployment-increase-crime-rate |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955562456#2_1765821276 | Title: Effects of Unemployment on Families - Opinion Front
Headings: Effects of Unemployment on Families
Effects of Unemployment on Families
Reduced Disposable Income
Loss of Financial Security
Strained Relationships
Housing Issues
Illegal Activities
Bad Habits
Increased Susceptibility to Health Problems
Negative Effects on Children
Social Nonacceptance
Loss of Retirement Security
Dependency on Government Welfare Programs
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Content: With reduced purchasing ability, other expenditures including food items are highly affected. This leads to increased poverty, due to which the earning members have to go through a lot of hardship to meet the basic needs of the family. Loss of Financial Security
Unemployment of the earning member of the family suddenly brings a lot of changes in the lives of family members. Sudden loss of financial security creates a lot of tension and stress in the family. The regular expenditures done by the family members before, suddenly have to be reduced or stopped due to altered financial capacity. It becomes really difficult for every member to adjust to this change. Searching for alternative sources of income becomes a necessity for the family to survive in such a condition. Strained Relationships
Money is very important to keep things going on smoothly. With less or no money in hand, the head of the family is under continuous stress, which disturbs the emotional and physical health of everyone. A disturbed mental frame of mind leads to frequent conflicts between the partners, and this indirectly affects the mental framework of children in the family. | https://opinionfront.com/effects-of-unemployment-on-families |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955609187#11_1765948156 | Title: Exculpatory Evidence: Meaning and Examples - Opinion Front
Headings: Exculpatory Evidence: Meaning and Examples
Exculpatory Evidence: Meaning and Examples
What Does Exculpatory Evidence Mean?
Brady v. State of Maryland
Failure to Disclose Exculpatory Evidence
Post-conviction Disclosure of Exculpatory Evidence
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Content: In United States v. Agurs, 427 U.S. 97 (1976), the court held that exculpatory evidence must be disclosed to the defense, even if there is no request from the latter. In United States v. Williams, 504 US 36 (1992), the Supreme Court ruled that the suspect has no right to present, and the grand jury has no obligation to consider, exculpatory evidence; it would be incompatible with the traditional system to impose upon the prosecutor a legal obligation to present such evidence. Failure to Disclose Exculpatory Evidence
If the defense claims that the prosecution has withheld some material evidence, the burden of proof lies with the former. The defense has to prove that the suppressed evidence was so important that it would have altered the outcome of the trial, had it been disclosed earlier. The burden of proof lies with the defense, who claims that exculpatory evidence has been destroyed by the prosecution. It is really difficult to prove this claim, unless the evidence in question is one that is normally preserved in any criminal litigation. Failure on part of the prosecution to disclose exculpatory evidence may lead to dismissal of the case, reversal of conviction on appeal, or an order for a new trial. In other words, the defense may opt for a motion for dismissal or appeal against the conviction. They may also move the court for a new trial. | https://opinionfront.com/exculpatory-evidence |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955609187#12_1765950042 | Title: Exculpatory Evidence: Meaning and Examples - Opinion Front
Headings: Exculpatory Evidence: Meaning and Examples
Exculpatory Evidence: Meaning and Examples
What Does Exculpatory Evidence Mean?
Brady v. State of Maryland
Failure to Disclose Exculpatory Evidence
Post-conviction Disclosure of Exculpatory Evidence
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Content: The burden of proof lies with the defense, who claims that exculpatory evidence has been destroyed by the prosecution. It is really difficult to prove this claim, unless the evidence in question is one that is normally preserved in any criminal litigation. Failure on part of the prosecution to disclose exculpatory evidence may lead to dismissal of the case, reversal of conviction on appeal, or an order for a new trial. In other words, the defense may opt for a motion for dismissal or appeal against the conviction. They may also move the court for a new trial. Post-conviction Disclosure of Exculpatory Evidence
The importance of exculpatory evidence during trial has been upheld by various judgments. What about application of Brady rule after conviction? What if the prosecution comes up with some exculpatory evidence after conviction? Though there is no provision for disclosing such evidence after conviction, it has always been contended that it is ethical for the prosecutor to inform the appropriate authority as well as the convicted defendant. In short, Brady rule speaks about the prosecutor’s duty regarding exculpatory evidence. | https://opinionfront.com/exculpatory-evidence |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955718882#1_1766212116 | Title: Gender Roles in Society - Opinion Front
Headings: Gender Roles in Society
Gender Roles in Society
Gender Roles in the Present Context
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« Previous Post
Content: Gender of a person reflects the masculine or feminine attributes of an individual, with respect to the psychology, biology, and role in society. A gender role is the responsibility or the way of living of a person in society, with respect to its lifestyle. Traditional roles in society have been shouldered by people based on their biological orientation. With the passage of time and creation of a ‘liberal’ value system, the marked differences between the male and the female form have faded to a great extent, starting with the western culture. Gender Roles in Society: A Global Perspective
The role of a man and a woman in society is influenced by a variety of factors. These factors vary with the region, religion, culture, climate, historical beliefs, living principles, and experiences, across the globe. Therefore, gender role in society can be defined as the role portrayed by an individual with respect to a combination of factors or any one of them, depending on the living conditions. These factors can be categorized as roles based on the classification – male, female or a combination, and their roles based on physical character and/or sexual and psychological orientation, either as a result of social bonding or self preferences. For instance, males are more interested in or perform physically tough activities like, working in heavy industries, and defense services while females perform tasks like raising children, cooking, embroidery and so on. | https://opinionfront.com/gender-roles-in-society |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955718882#2_1766213962 | Title: Gender Roles in Society - Opinion Front
Headings: Gender Roles in Society
Gender Roles in Society
Gender Roles in the Present Context
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Content: A Global Perspective
The role of a man and a woman in society is influenced by a variety of factors. These factors vary with the region, religion, culture, climate, historical beliefs, living principles, and experiences, across the globe. Therefore, gender role in society can be defined as the role portrayed by an individual with respect to a combination of factors or any one of them, depending on the living conditions. These factors can be categorized as roles based on the classification – male, female or a combination, and their roles based on physical character and/or sexual and psychological orientation, either as a result of social bonding or self preferences. For instance, males are more interested in or perform physically tough activities like, working in heavy industries, and defense services while females perform tasks like raising children, cooking, embroidery and so on. While these roles are defined and mostly classified in many societies, this distinction becomes rarer in developed societies like the US or Western Europe. Education, household work, child care, professional commitments, societal issues are the various responsibilities or activities in a normal social framework. These roles were segregated on the basis of sex, but now it is more of a choice and based on the interest of an individual. However, there are many societies in the world which continue to stick to the traditional gender roles. A female is usually expected, obliged to do, or interested in household work, child care and education, leaving professional and social roles more for the males. | https://opinionfront.com/gender-roles-in-society |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955718882#3_1766215930 | Title: Gender Roles in Society - Opinion Front
Headings: Gender Roles in Society
Gender Roles in Society
Gender Roles in the Present Context
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Content: While these roles are defined and mostly classified in many societies, this distinction becomes rarer in developed societies like the US or Western Europe. Education, household work, child care, professional commitments, societal issues are the various responsibilities or activities in a normal social framework. These roles were segregated on the basis of sex, but now it is more of a choice and based on the interest of an individual. However, there are many societies in the world which continue to stick to the traditional gender roles. A female is usually expected, obliged to do, or interested in household work, child care and education, leaving professional and social roles more for the males. The way in which gender roles are learned and assimilated by a group of people forms the socialization concept. While the concept of society is extremely varied, the roles too, undergo forced, willing, or revolting changes accordingly. In some places, these roles in socially acceptable behavior do not allow marriage outside a particular sect or community. For some, there is no constraint with respect to the societal obligations, and the gender roles are flexible. Thus, the kind of social structure prevalent at a place defines them in a society to a great extent. | https://opinionfront.com/gender-roles-in-society |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955884630#7_1766630599 | Title: Is Globalization Good or Bad? A Comparative Analysis - Opinion Front
Headings: Is Globalization Good or Bad? A Comparative Analysis
Is Globalization Good or Bad? A Comparative Analysis
Two Sides of the Same Coin
What it Offers
1. Provides Wider Choices
2. Improves Quality
3. Improves Communication and Transportation
4. Boosts Economy
5. Provides Freedom of Choice
6. Spreads Knowledge
7. Promotes Progressive Thinking
What it Affects
1. Promotes Traits of Commercialism
2. Destroys Ethnic Cultures
3. Affects Local Markets
4. Promotes Danger of Spreading Disease
5. Creates Social Divides
6. Leads to Wastage of Resources
7. Promotes Health Risks
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Content: Moreover, people can travel from one end of the world to the other in just a few hours. This has made it possible for people to take advantage of varied opportunities in the fields of education and business, among others. People can also migrate to other countries for a better future or to escape danger. All of which has been made possible due to globalization. 4. Boosts Economy
Globalization makes it possible to not only export and import goods, but it also allows for outsourcing services and jobs. It has been seen that jobs in the information technology sector are especially outsourced. Many American companies set up branches in the Indian subcontinent because the labor is relatively cheaper there as compared to their country. This results in a direct increase in their net profits. And as for India, they get a sudden burst of jobs which is helpful for their economy. | https://opinionfront.com/is-globalization-good-or-bad |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955884630#8_1766632359 | Title: Is Globalization Good or Bad? A Comparative Analysis - Opinion Front
Headings: Is Globalization Good or Bad? A Comparative Analysis
Is Globalization Good or Bad? A Comparative Analysis
Two Sides of the Same Coin
What it Offers
1. Provides Wider Choices
2. Improves Quality
3. Improves Communication and Transportation
4. Boosts Economy
5. Provides Freedom of Choice
6. Spreads Knowledge
7. Promotes Progressive Thinking
What it Affects
1. Promotes Traits of Commercialism
2. Destroys Ethnic Cultures
3. Affects Local Markets
4. Promotes Danger of Spreading Disease
5. Creates Social Divides
6. Leads to Wastage of Resources
7. Promotes Health Risks
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Content: Boosts Economy
Globalization makes it possible to not only export and import goods, but it also allows for outsourcing services and jobs. It has been seen that jobs in the information technology sector are especially outsourced. Many American companies set up branches in the Indian subcontinent because the labor is relatively cheaper there as compared to their country. This results in a direct increase in their net profits. And as for India, they get a sudden burst of jobs which is helpful for their economy. 5. Provides Freedom of Choice
Globalization provides a platform for an exchange of information, ideas, goods and services. There is never a dearth of choices and options. And it is thus a highly ‘freeing’ phase wherein one never has to settle for something mediocre, because there is always the option of finding something more superior. If it is not available in one’s own country, and if one has the necessary resources, one can always look outside and more importantly, procure it. | https://opinionfront.com/is-globalization-good-or-bad |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955884630#10_1766636133 | Title: Is Globalization Good or Bad? A Comparative Analysis - Opinion Front
Headings: Is Globalization Good or Bad? A Comparative Analysis
Is Globalization Good or Bad? A Comparative Analysis
Two Sides of the Same Coin
What it Offers
1. Provides Wider Choices
2. Improves Quality
3. Improves Communication and Transportation
4. Boosts Economy
5. Provides Freedom of Choice
6. Spreads Knowledge
7. Promotes Progressive Thinking
What it Affects
1. Promotes Traits of Commercialism
2. Destroys Ethnic Cultures
3. Affects Local Markets
4. Promotes Danger of Spreading Disease
5. Creates Social Divides
6. Leads to Wastage of Resources
7. Promotes Health Risks
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Content: 6. Spreads Knowledge
Earlier, it would not have been possible to have an in-depth knowledge about other countries and their cultures. But due to important tools of globalization, like the Internet, it becomes possible to know everything that is happening around the world. It is possible to know about the different cultures of the world, varied food habits, the kind of education systems that exist, world news and other current events. The world shares entertainment, books, recipes and much more. 7. Promotes Progressive Thinking
Globalization is not merely limited to exchanging food, recipes, and the like, but runs deeper in the way of bringing about a change in the attitude and thoughts of people. It makes people tolerant of varied world views and practices and thereby promotes progressive thinking. This, more than anything else, helps to bring about social reforms in society. For example, leaning how a particular country improved the quality of education or the steps that were taken to increase security for women, or the different policies of world governments and educational systems that were passed will set an example to other countries and bring about reforms. | https://opinionfront.com/is-globalization-good-or-bad |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_955884630#13_1766642106 | Title: Is Globalization Good or Bad? A Comparative Analysis - Opinion Front
Headings: Is Globalization Good or Bad? A Comparative Analysis
Is Globalization Good or Bad? A Comparative Analysis
Two Sides of the Same Coin
What it Offers
1. Provides Wider Choices
2. Improves Quality
3. Improves Communication and Transportation
4. Boosts Economy
5. Provides Freedom of Choice
6. Spreads Knowledge
7. Promotes Progressive Thinking
What it Affects
1. Promotes Traits of Commercialism
2. Destroys Ethnic Cultures
3. Affects Local Markets
4. Promotes Danger of Spreading Disease
5. Creates Social Divides
6. Leads to Wastage of Resources
7. Promotes Health Risks
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Content: 2. Destroys Ethnic Cultures
With so much emphasis on being global, people are forgetting what is local. They are disregarding their culture, ethnicity, and local traits in preference for foreign practices. It is feared that it won’t be long before countries lose out on their culture and heritage. 3. Affects Local Markets
When foreign goods flood the market and people begin to buy them, it is done at the cost of local goods. This is especially true of developing countries. For example, small time businessmen who do not have the resources to export their goods and only depend on the locals to buy them, go through varied degrees of losses because their goods are not sold. There are high chances that if you ask a small time businessman whether globalization is good or bad for developing countries, he’ll probably answer in the negative. 4. | https://opinionfront.com/is-globalization-good-or-bad |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_956166665#6_1767290884 | Title: Pros and Cons of Gun Control - Opinion Front
Headings: Pros and Cons of Gun Control
Pros and Cons of Gun Control
Understanding Gun Control
Pros of Gun Control
The Self Defense Argument
The Constitutional Right
Sporting and Hunting
Legal Possession and Why it’s Not Working
Cons of Gun Control
The Role of Law Enforcers
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Content: Pros of Gun Control
Let’s take a look at some arguments that favor gun control and their rationale in terms of the surplus weapons in the United States. The Self Defense Argument
One often hears anti-gun-control activists argue that if guns were banned or severely regulated, only the criminals would have access to them and law-abiding citizens would be helpless. This is the eye-for-an-eye logic. America already has more guns than it has people. Has this resulted in the lowering of gun crime? The answer is an emphatic no. Criminals will find ways to obtain illegal firearms, like they do in every country. Regulating guns will at least prevent their access from homes and businesses. In fact, if both parties have guns, it will most definitely result in a firefight and unnecessary bloodshed. However, the problem may be the guns themselves and their proliferation in the American way of life. | https://opinionfront.com/pros-cons-of-gun-control |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_956166665#11_1767300145 | Title: Pros and Cons of Gun Control - Opinion Front
Headings: Pros and Cons of Gun Control
Pros and Cons of Gun Control
Understanding Gun Control
Pros of Gun Control
The Self Defense Argument
The Constitutional Right
Sporting and Hunting
Legal Possession and Why it’s Not Working
Cons of Gun Control
The Role of Law Enforcers
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Content: He lived with his mother in a decent neighborhood in Newtown and used her arsenal of guns to go on a bloody rampage. The investigation into this tragedy raised several questions, there was widespread public opinion that the murderer couldn’t have been so destructive if he lacked access to guns. The point many gun control activists make is that each one of those weapons was a legally owned firearm, under the supervision of a rational independent human being, yet, the murders could not be prevented. Pro-gun lobbyists blame the tragedy on the mental condition of the young man and not the fact that he had a deadly weapon such as the Bushmaster XM15 assault rifle within arm’s reach. The bottom line is that a gun is a lethal weapon and its only function is to kill; the fewer people have it, the better it is. If firearms were less prevalent in society, criminals would have greater difficulty laying hands on them. There would thus be a lower possibility of firearms falling in the hands of teenagers or children, preventing a tragedy like the Columbine High School massacre. Sport shooting, or hunting, or a gun culture that glamorizes and legitimizes unnecessary gun ownership can desensitize ordinary people to the fatal effects of guns and firearms in general. Retail firearms traders or individual gun owners can be given compensation if a ban is implemented. | https://opinionfront.com/pros-cons-of-gun-control |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_956166665#12_1767302066 | Title: Pros and Cons of Gun Control - Opinion Front
Headings: Pros and Cons of Gun Control
Pros and Cons of Gun Control
Understanding Gun Control
Pros of Gun Control
The Self Defense Argument
The Constitutional Right
Sporting and Hunting
Legal Possession and Why it’s Not Working
Cons of Gun Control
The Role of Law Enforcers
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Content: the fewer people have it, the better it is. If firearms were less prevalent in society, criminals would have greater difficulty laying hands on them. There would thus be a lower possibility of firearms falling in the hands of teenagers or children, preventing a tragedy like the Columbine High School massacre. Sport shooting, or hunting, or a gun culture that glamorizes and legitimizes unnecessary gun ownership can desensitize ordinary people to the fatal effects of guns and firearms in general. Retail firearms traders or individual gun owners can be given compensation if a ban is implemented. Gun control will ensure that there will be a stringent check on the ownership of all firearms and the number of manufactured firearms. The immediate result would be a reduction in violent crime. There will indeed be incidences of shoplifting or house theft, but the involvement of guns would be minimal, resulting in less human suffering. Is the argument that a tyrannical government needs to be fought with guns, even valid in the 21st century? Do people need to arm themselves to the teeth and hope to make last stands fighting against Big Brother? | https://opinionfront.com/pros-cons-of-gun-control |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_956216874#0_1767401808 | Title: Racial Stereotypes - Opinion Front
Headings: Racial Stereotypes
Racial Stereotypes
List of Racial Stereotypes
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Content: Racial Stereotypes - Opinion Front
Racial Stereotypes
Have you ever been the target of a good humored joke because of your ethnicity? Racial stereotypes often are the cause of such an occurrence, and most of us have been at the receiving end at some point of time or the other. In this article, we try to understand these stereotypes better and take a look at the most common stereotypes that exist. Home / Uncategorized / Racial Stereotypes
Have you ever been the target of a good humored joke because of your ethnicity? Racial stereotypes often are the cause of such an occurrence, and most of us have been at the receiving end at some point of time or the other. In this article, we try to understand these stereotypes better and take a look at the most common stereotypes that exist. What is an ethnic stereotype? Racial stereotypes or ethnic stereotypes are a representation of a group of a certain ethnicity or race in a generalized manner, portraying all members to display certain typical characteristics. Stereotypes are more often than not considered negative, though there do exist positive stereotypes. This racial stereotyping is often the root of many jokes. | https://opinionfront.com/racial-stereotypes |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_956216874#1_1767403294 | Title: Racial Stereotypes - Opinion Front
Headings: Racial Stereotypes
Racial Stereotypes
List of Racial Stereotypes
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Content: In this article, we try to understand these stereotypes better and take a look at the most common stereotypes that exist. What is an ethnic stereotype? Racial stereotypes or ethnic stereotypes are a representation of a group of a certain ethnicity or race in a generalized manner, portraying all members to display certain typical characteristics. Stereotypes are more often than not considered negative, though there do exist positive stereotypes. This racial stereotyping is often the root of many jokes. Stereotyping someone generally indicates that the person has all the traits that members of the race are known to possess. The biggest problem that arises out of this kind of stereotyping is that it creates prejudice which can be the root cause of racial discrimination. As mentioned earlier, stereotypes generally tend to be negative but there do exist positive stereotypes as well. For example, Native Americans are often portrayed in the media as spiritual, wise, faithful, and having a keen interest in saving the environment. There are many studies that have been conducted regarding ethnic stereotypes but one of the most famous ones was conducted by Katz and Braly in 1933, which reached the conclusion that most people held negative stereotypes and more often than not the stereotypes favor the race to which the holder of the stereotypes belongs. | https://opinionfront.com/racial-stereotypes |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_956216874#2_1767404969 | Title: Racial Stereotypes - Opinion Front
Headings: Racial Stereotypes
Racial Stereotypes
List of Racial Stereotypes
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Content: Stereotyping someone generally indicates that the person has all the traits that members of the race are known to possess. The biggest problem that arises out of this kind of stereotyping is that it creates prejudice which can be the root cause of racial discrimination. As mentioned earlier, stereotypes generally tend to be negative but there do exist positive stereotypes as well. For example, Native Americans are often portrayed in the media as spiritual, wise, faithful, and having a keen interest in saving the environment. There are many studies that have been conducted regarding ethnic stereotypes but one of the most famous ones was conducted by Katz and Braly in 1933, which reached the conclusion that most people held negative stereotypes and more often than not the stereotypes favor the race to which the holder of the stereotypes belongs. While most of us try and are successful at avoiding these stereotypes, we are bombarded by these stereotypes so often that we are unable to keep them out of our system. Therefore, we often notice the existence of ethnic stereotypes in the workplace and otherwise. List of Racial Stereotypes
There is no denying the fact that these stereotypes are more often than not ingrained in our brains. They are generally a part of upbringing, something that we imbibe from our social environment. This is not to say that one cannot outgrow these stereotypes and dispel them. | https://opinionfront.com/racial-stereotypes |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_956216874#3_1767406704 | Title: Racial Stereotypes - Opinion Front
Headings: Racial Stereotypes
Racial Stereotypes
List of Racial Stereotypes
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Content: While most of us try and are successful at avoiding these stereotypes, we are bombarded by these stereotypes so often that we are unable to keep them out of our system. Therefore, we often notice the existence of ethnic stereotypes in the workplace and otherwise. List of Racial Stereotypes
There is no denying the fact that these stereotypes are more often than not ingrained in our brains. They are generally a part of upbringing, something that we imbibe from our social environment. This is not to say that one cannot outgrow these stereotypes and dispel them. But more often than not it can be quite difficult to not think a certain way, when you meet people of a certain ethnicity for the first time. Regardless of the race you belong to, at some point of time or the other, you would have been the focus of racial stereotyping, of the type described. The list given below are some of the most common, and generalized images of people of a certain race. While these stereotypes may not be politically correct, they do exist in correlation to people of certain racial backgrounds. All African-Americans are good at dancing, while Caucasians more often than not have no rhythm. | https://opinionfront.com/racial-stereotypes |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_956216874#7_1767412074 | Title: Racial Stereotypes - Opinion Front
Headings: Racial Stereotypes
Racial Stereotypes
List of Racial Stereotypes
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Content: Natives of the African continent live in underdeveloped villages, in tiny huts, and wear very little clothing. People from Latin countries are often dependent on welfare and charity, have many children, and are generally illegal aliens in the United States. South Asians are often all portrayed to be from India, which is in turn portrayed as a country of elephants, snake charmers, extreme poverty, pestilence, and two million gods. This is one of the most common stereotypes in the media. Jews are often stereotyped as a community of greedy misers who refuse to part with the money that they make. A cultural, gender, and racial stereotype that refuses to die down is that of the dumb blond, who while attractive is often considered lacking in intelligence. Another common racial stereotype propagated by the media is that which portrays Italians as violent, politically corrupt, and ignorant. These are just some of the most common stereotypes in movies and media. There are many such examples that exist. In the recent past, there have been studies that indicate that ethnic stereotyping has seen a negative trend. | https://opinionfront.com/racial-stereotypes |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_956216874#8_1767413506 | Title: Racial Stereotypes - Opinion Front
Headings: Racial Stereotypes
Racial Stereotypes
List of Racial Stereotypes
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Content: A cultural, gender, and racial stereotype that refuses to die down is that of the dumb blond, who while attractive is often considered lacking in intelligence. Another common racial stereotype propagated by the media is that which portrays Italians as violent, politically corrupt, and ignorant. These are just some of the most common stereotypes in movies and media. There are many such examples that exist. In the recent past, there have been studies that indicate that ethnic stereotyping has seen a negative trend. More and more people are becoming more open to accepting people from different races in their community. This is a move in a positive direction that we should welcome with open arms. Racial stereotyping can have a huge negative effect on society in general, if it results in discrimination. While avoiding stereotyping someone is not easy, falling prey to these images is not the smartest thing you can do. It can result in societal clashes and cause misunderstandings that are completely unnecessary. | https://opinionfront.com/racial-stereotypes |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_956216874#9_1767414840 | Title: Racial Stereotypes - Opinion Front
Headings: Racial Stereotypes
Racial Stereotypes
List of Racial Stereotypes
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Content: More and more people are becoming more open to accepting people from different races in their community. This is a move in a positive direction that we should welcome with open arms. Racial stereotyping can have a huge negative effect on society in general, if it results in discrimination. While avoiding stereotyping someone is not easy, falling prey to these images is not the smartest thing you can do. It can result in societal clashes and cause misunderstandings that are completely unnecessary. Like it? Share it! « Previous Post
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_956298689#6_1767620771 | Title: Shocking! Facts About Gender Inequality That Will Stun You - Opinion Front
Headings: Shocking! Facts About Gender Inequality That Will Stun You
Shocking! Facts About Gender Inequality That Will Stun You
Did You Know?
Shocking Gender Inequality Facts
Women – A Financial Burden!
Gender Discrimination at the Workplace
Criminalize Marital Rape
Difficult to Apply for Divorce
Important Statistics
Discrimination Against Men: An Ignored Fact
Examples of Gender Inequality in Everyday Life
Change Names After Marriage
Domestic Chores First and Child Care
Women Paid Less and No Education
Causes of Gender Inequality
Solutions to Gender Inequality
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Content: On the other hand, in some countries, it is comparatively easier for a husband to divorce his wife. Polygamy is practiced in many countries. Women in Saudi Arabia are not allowed to drive. Religious conservatives hold that, it is imperative for a woman to be accompanied by a close male relative while traveling. Despite being highly educated, there are lots of restrictions for Saudi women. In fact, there are no changing rooms for women in shopping malls! In Saudi Arabia and the Vatican City, women are not allowed to vote. But things are changing slowly. In Saudi Arabia, a new law passed in 2015 gives some limited rights for women to vote. In El Salvador, a woman who suffered a miscarriage was jailed. | https://opinionfront.com/shocking-facts-about-gender-inequality |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_956298689#7_1767622363 | Title: Shocking! Facts About Gender Inequality That Will Stun You - Opinion Front
Headings: Shocking! Facts About Gender Inequality That Will Stun You
Shocking! Facts About Gender Inequality That Will Stun You
Did You Know?
Shocking Gender Inequality Facts
Women – A Financial Burden!
Gender Discrimination at the Workplace
Criminalize Marital Rape
Difficult to Apply for Divorce
Important Statistics
Discrimination Against Men: An Ignored Fact
Examples of Gender Inequality in Everyday Life
Change Names After Marriage
Domestic Chores First and Child Care
Women Paid Less and No Education
Causes of Gender Inequality
Solutions to Gender Inequality
Like it? Share it!
Content: In fact, there are no changing rooms for women in shopping malls! In Saudi Arabia and the Vatican City, women are not allowed to vote. But things are changing slowly. In Saudi Arabia, a new law passed in 2015 gives some limited rights for women to vote. In El Salvador, a woman who suffered a miscarriage was jailed. Abortion is illegal in many countries. Shockingly, in some places, a rape victim is given punishment too for staying outdoors without a male relative. Also, in some cases, the victim is forced to marry the offender. Women are subject to honor killings in some parts of the world. Honor killing means, killing a woman because society thinks that she has brought disgrace to the family. | https://opinionfront.com/shocking-facts-about-gender-inequality |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_956346233#0_1767741338 | Title: Social Injustice - Opinion Front
Headings: Social Injustice
Social Injustice
Basic Characteristics of Social Injustice
Unequal Distribution Of Wealth
Casteism
Racial Discrimination
Sexism
Ableism
Homophobia
The Fight for Social Justice
A Helping Hand
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Content: Social Injustice - Opinion Front
Social Injustice
What is social injustice? Is there any society in which complete social justice prevails? Is there any solution to this problem? Read this article to know the answers...
Home / Uncategorized / Social Injustice
What is social injustice? Is there any society in which complete social justice prevails? Is there any solution to this problem? Read this article to know the answers…
“If you tremble with indignation at every injustice, then you are a comrade of mine.” – Ernesto ‘Che’ Guevara
A socially just society is one where gender, class, caste, religion, status, and all other divisions created by man do not exist, and everyone has access to basic human rights. There is equal distribution of wealth and property, and everyone’s basic human and economic needs are met. A socially just society guarantees physical and psychological safety to its members. | https://opinionfront.com/social-injustice |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_956346233#1_1767742742 | Title: Social Injustice - Opinion Front
Headings: Social Injustice
Social Injustice
Basic Characteristics of Social Injustice
Unequal Distribution Of Wealth
Casteism
Racial Discrimination
Sexism
Ableism
Homophobia
The Fight for Social Justice
A Helping Hand
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Content: Is there any solution to this problem? Read this article to know the answers…
“If you tremble with indignation at every injustice, then you are a comrade of mine.” – Ernesto ‘Che’ Guevara
A socially just society is one where gender, class, caste, religion, status, and all other divisions created by man do not exist, and everyone has access to basic human rights. There is equal distribution of wealth and property, and everyone’s basic human and economic needs are met. A socially just society guarantees physical and psychological safety to its members. If these standards are not met, the society is termed as unjust, and injustice prevails in such societies. Basic Characteristics of Social Injustice
Even with the advancement of the world in the twenty-first century, there are issues that need to be rethought. Today, one of the most perturbing issues is the societal injustice meted out to people with lesser means. It happens to be one of the most harmful aspect that is plaguing the entire society. This trend has been followed since the ancient past, and is still a serious blow to humanitarian values. | https://opinionfront.com/social-injustice |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_956346233#6_1767750011 | Title: Social Injustice - Opinion Front
Headings: Social Injustice
Social Injustice
Basic Characteristics of Social Injustice
Unequal Distribution Of Wealth
Casteism
Racial Discrimination
Sexism
Ableism
Homophobia
The Fight for Social Justice
A Helping Hand
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Content: Racism examples can be found all round the world. There is no basis for this theory, yet, racial discrimination is a reality which many African-Americans live with everyday. Racism acts as a big obstacle in the development of the society. Sexism
Another example of social injustice is the discrimination on the basis of sex. Women have been considered as an inferior sex in many places, for centuries now. Compared to men, women own very less property, not only in the developing countries, but the world over. If you even look at corporate America, although women are joining the job force like never before, yet, when it comes to the top jobs, there’s a ‘glass ceiling’ which they cannot seem to cross. Thus, sexism is considered as a major setback in the process of development. Ableism
There are cases of physically-challenged people discriminated at their workplace every now and then. During the interview or in their course of their work, they are not given much importance and are neglected, neither do they have suitable conditions to work. | https://opinionfront.com/social-injustice |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_956346233#7_1767751538 | Title: Social Injustice - Opinion Front
Headings: Social Injustice
Social Injustice
Basic Characteristics of Social Injustice
Unequal Distribution Of Wealth
Casteism
Racial Discrimination
Sexism
Ableism
Homophobia
The Fight for Social Justice
A Helping Hand
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Content: Compared to men, women own very less property, not only in the developing countries, but the world over. If you even look at corporate America, although women are joining the job force like never before, yet, when it comes to the top jobs, there’s a ‘glass ceiling’ which they cannot seem to cross. Thus, sexism is considered as a major setback in the process of development. Ableism
There are cases of physically-challenged people discriminated at their workplace every now and then. During the interview or in their course of their work, they are not given much importance and are neglected, neither do they have suitable conditions to work. They are not allowed to be much attached to the work culture, and are treated as inferiors in their workplace. This happens to be one of the most dreadful form of social injustice. Homophobia
Most people discriminate against people who are gay, lesbians, bisexual or transgenders. People openly declare homosexuality to be unnatural and against religion. Homosexuals are denied the right to get married and live a life of dignity. | https://opinionfront.com/social-injustice |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_956346233#8_1767753090 | Title: Social Injustice - Opinion Front
Headings: Social Injustice
Social Injustice
Basic Characteristics of Social Injustice
Unequal Distribution Of Wealth
Casteism
Racial Discrimination
Sexism
Ableism
Homophobia
The Fight for Social Justice
A Helping Hand
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Content: They are not allowed to be much attached to the work culture, and are treated as inferiors in their workplace. This happens to be one of the most dreadful form of social injustice. Homophobia
Most people discriminate against people who are gay, lesbians, bisexual or transgenders. People openly declare homosexuality to be unnatural and against religion. Homosexuals are denied the right to get married and live a life of dignity. They are treated as immoral, and are subject to harassment quite often. This turns out to be a major cause of social injustice. The Fight for Social Justice
There have always been many suggestions to defeat social injustice. According to the leftists, if proper laws are framed, welfare programs are introduced for the marginalized, and the privileged are taxed and the taxation money can be used for uplifting the poor, a socially just society can very well be created. The rightists however are totally against this point of view. | https://opinionfront.com/social-injustice |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_956381738#0_1767827745 | Title: The Real Reasons for Society's Immense Influence on Education - Opinion Front
Headings: The Real Reasons for Society’s Immense Influence on Education
The Real Reasons for Society’s Immense Influence on Education
Defining Society
How Society Influences Education
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Content: The Real Reasons for Society's Immense Influence on Education - Opinion Front
The Real Reasons for Society’s Immense Influence on Education
Education plays an extremely important role in our life and impacts the society in different ways. However, how does society influence education? Read on to find out. Home / Uncategorized / The Real Reasons for Society’s Immense Influence on Education
Education plays an extremely important role in our life and impacts the society in different ways. However, how does society influence education? Read on to find out. We always talk about the importance of education and its impact on society, but seldom think about how society affects our educational system. We often ignore the fact that social norms, customs, and traditions do affect education. Society and education are tightly bound entities and hence cannot be separated from each other. Society in itself, is like an educational institution. | https://opinionfront.com/societys-influence-on-education |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_967981316#0_1789120924 | Title: Best Vitamin B Complex Brand For Anxiety | OptimistMinds
Headings: Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Home » Mental health » Anxiety » Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Table of Contents
Best vitamin B Complex brands for Anxiety
What is the best Vitamin B for Anxiety?
What are B Vitamins?
How do B vitamins help?
Can B Vitamins help with anxiety?
How B Vitamins deals Anxiety (detail)
Vitamin B1 – thiamine
Vitamin B2 – riboflavin
Vitamin B3 – niacin
Vitamin B6 – pyridoxine
Vitamin B9 – Folate or Folic acid
Vitamin B12 – Cyanocobalamin
What are the best B Vitamins Complex Supplements?
Integrative Therapeutics Active B-Complex
Pure Encapsulations B-Complex Plus
Douglas Labs B-Complex with Metafolin and Intrinsic Factor
Nordic Naturals Vitamin B Complex
What are the best liquid vitamin B Complex Products?
Pure Encapsulations B-Complex Liquid
Brainchild Nutritionals B-Complex Liquid
What are the best vegan B complex vitamins?
Thorne B-Complex #12
What are the best B vitamin gummies?
Pure Encapsulations PureNutrients Gummies
What are the best B vItamins Complex Powder?
Vitavescence Powder
Best B complex without B12 and folate
Seeking Health B-Minus
What is the recommended dosage?
Best vitamin B Complex brands for Anxiety
FAQs (Best vitamin B complex for Anxiety)
Which is a better vitamin B12 or B complex?
What is the best time to take vitamin B complex?
Citations
Was this post helpful?
Divya Tiwari
Content: Best Vitamin B Complex Brand For Anxiety | OptimistMinds
Home » Mental health » Anxiety » Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Written by Divya Tiwari
Divya Tiwari
Learn about our Editorial Process. Medically Reviewed by our scientific review board
Page last updated: 26/05/2021
Next Review date: 26/05/2023
In this blog we’ll answer “what is vitamin B complex? and its effect on anxiety” a brief review about vitamin B available in the market. An overview of VItamin B and how it is helpful with anxiety. The main body of this blog contains a list of helpful Vitamin B types that have reduced anxiety in people. We will expand on the proven benefits of Vitamin B and present them as solutions for an assortment of symptoms. Table of Contents
Best vitamin B Complex brands for Anxiety
What is the best Vitamin B for Anxiety? What are B Vitamins? | https://optimistminds.com/best-vitamin-b-complex-brand-for-anxiety/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_967981316#1_1789123609 | Title: Best Vitamin B Complex Brand For Anxiety | OptimistMinds
Headings: Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Home » Mental health » Anxiety » Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Table of Contents
Best vitamin B Complex brands for Anxiety
What is the best Vitamin B for Anxiety?
What are B Vitamins?
How do B vitamins help?
Can B Vitamins help with anxiety?
How B Vitamins deals Anxiety (detail)
Vitamin B1 – thiamine
Vitamin B2 – riboflavin
Vitamin B3 – niacin
Vitamin B6 – pyridoxine
Vitamin B9 – Folate or Folic acid
Vitamin B12 – Cyanocobalamin
What are the best B Vitamins Complex Supplements?
Integrative Therapeutics Active B-Complex
Pure Encapsulations B-Complex Plus
Douglas Labs B-Complex with Metafolin and Intrinsic Factor
Nordic Naturals Vitamin B Complex
What are the best liquid vitamin B Complex Products?
Pure Encapsulations B-Complex Liquid
Brainchild Nutritionals B-Complex Liquid
What are the best vegan B complex vitamins?
Thorne B-Complex #12
What are the best B vitamin gummies?
Pure Encapsulations PureNutrients Gummies
What are the best B vItamins Complex Powder?
Vitavescence Powder
Best B complex without B12 and folate
Seeking Health B-Minus
What is the recommended dosage?
Best vitamin B Complex brands for Anxiety
FAQs (Best vitamin B complex for Anxiety)
Which is a better vitamin B12 or B complex?
What is the best time to take vitamin B complex?
Citations
Was this post helpful?
Divya Tiwari
Content: An overview of VItamin B and how it is helpful with anxiety. The main body of this blog contains a list of helpful Vitamin B types that have reduced anxiety in people. We will expand on the proven benefits of Vitamin B and present them as solutions for an assortment of symptoms. Table of Contents
Best vitamin B Complex brands for Anxiety
What is the best Vitamin B for Anxiety? What are B Vitamins? How do B vitamins help? Can B Vitamins help with anxiety? How B Vitamins deals Anxiety (detail)
Vitamin B1 – thiamine
Vitamin B2 – riboflavin
Vitamin B3 – niacin
Vitamin B6 – pyridoxine
Vitamin B9 – Folate or Folic acid
Vitamin B12 – Cyanocobalamin
What are the best B Vitamins Complex Supplements? Integrative Therapeutics Active B-Complex
Pure Encapsulations B-Complex Plus
Douglas Labs B-Complex with Metafolin and Intrinsic Factor
Nordic Naturals Vitamin B Complex
What are the best liquid vitamin B Complex Products? Pure Encapsulations B-Complex Liquid
Brainchild Nutritionals B-Complex Liquid
What are the best vegan B complex vitamins? | https://optimistminds.com/best-vitamin-b-complex-brand-for-anxiety/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_967981316#2_1789126456 | Title: Best Vitamin B Complex Brand For Anxiety | OptimistMinds
Headings: Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Home » Mental health » Anxiety » Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Table of Contents
Best vitamin B Complex brands for Anxiety
What is the best Vitamin B for Anxiety?
What are B Vitamins?
How do B vitamins help?
Can B Vitamins help with anxiety?
How B Vitamins deals Anxiety (detail)
Vitamin B1 – thiamine
Vitamin B2 – riboflavin
Vitamin B3 – niacin
Vitamin B6 – pyridoxine
Vitamin B9 – Folate or Folic acid
Vitamin B12 – Cyanocobalamin
What are the best B Vitamins Complex Supplements?
Integrative Therapeutics Active B-Complex
Pure Encapsulations B-Complex Plus
Douglas Labs B-Complex with Metafolin and Intrinsic Factor
Nordic Naturals Vitamin B Complex
What are the best liquid vitamin B Complex Products?
Pure Encapsulations B-Complex Liquid
Brainchild Nutritionals B-Complex Liquid
What are the best vegan B complex vitamins?
Thorne B-Complex #12
What are the best B vitamin gummies?
Pure Encapsulations PureNutrients Gummies
What are the best B vItamins Complex Powder?
Vitavescence Powder
Best B complex without B12 and folate
Seeking Health B-Minus
What is the recommended dosage?
Best vitamin B Complex brands for Anxiety
FAQs (Best vitamin B complex for Anxiety)
Which is a better vitamin B12 or B complex?
What is the best time to take vitamin B complex?
Citations
Was this post helpful?
Divya Tiwari
Content: How do B vitamins help? Can B Vitamins help with anxiety? How B Vitamins deals Anxiety (detail)
Vitamin B1 – thiamine
Vitamin B2 – riboflavin
Vitamin B3 – niacin
Vitamin B6 – pyridoxine
Vitamin B9 – Folate or Folic acid
Vitamin B12 – Cyanocobalamin
What are the best B Vitamins Complex Supplements? Integrative Therapeutics Active B-Complex
Pure Encapsulations B-Complex Plus
Douglas Labs B-Complex with Metafolin and Intrinsic Factor
Nordic Naturals Vitamin B Complex
What are the best liquid vitamin B Complex Products? Pure Encapsulations B-Complex Liquid
Brainchild Nutritionals B-Complex Liquid
What are the best vegan B complex vitamins? Thorne B-Complex #12
What are the best B vitamin gummies? Pure Encapsulations PureNutrients Gummies
What are the best B vItamins Complex Powder? Vitavescence Powder
Best B complex without B12 and folate
Seeking Health B-Minus
What is the recommended dosage? Best vitamin B Complex brands for Anxiety
FAQs (Best vitamin B complex for Anxiety)
Which is a better vitamin B12 or B complex? What is the best time to take vitamin B complex? | https://optimistminds.com/best-vitamin-b-complex-brand-for-anxiety/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_967981316#3_1789129342 | Title: Best Vitamin B Complex Brand For Anxiety | OptimistMinds
Headings: Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Home » Mental health » Anxiety » Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Table of Contents
Best vitamin B Complex brands for Anxiety
What is the best Vitamin B for Anxiety?
What are B Vitamins?
How do B vitamins help?
Can B Vitamins help with anxiety?
How B Vitamins deals Anxiety (detail)
Vitamin B1 – thiamine
Vitamin B2 – riboflavin
Vitamin B3 – niacin
Vitamin B6 – pyridoxine
Vitamin B9 – Folate or Folic acid
Vitamin B12 – Cyanocobalamin
What are the best B Vitamins Complex Supplements?
Integrative Therapeutics Active B-Complex
Pure Encapsulations B-Complex Plus
Douglas Labs B-Complex with Metafolin and Intrinsic Factor
Nordic Naturals Vitamin B Complex
What are the best liquid vitamin B Complex Products?
Pure Encapsulations B-Complex Liquid
Brainchild Nutritionals B-Complex Liquid
What are the best vegan B complex vitamins?
Thorne B-Complex #12
What are the best B vitamin gummies?
Pure Encapsulations PureNutrients Gummies
What are the best B vItamins Complex Powder?
Vitavescence Powder
Best B complex without B12 and folate
Seeking Health B-Minus
What is the recommended dosage?
Best vitamin B Complex brands for Anxiety
FAQs (Best vitamin B complex for Anxiety)
Which is a better vitamin B12 or B complex?
What is the best time to take vitamin B complex?
Citations
Was this post helpful?
Divya Tiwari
Content: Thorne B-Complex #12
What are the best B vitamin gummies? Pure Encapsulations PureNutrients Gummies
What are the best B vItamins Complex Powder? Vitavescence Powder
Best B complex without B12 and folate
Seeking Health B-Minus
What is the recommended dosage? Best vitamin B Complex brands for Anxiety
FAQs (Best vitamin B complex for Anxiety)
Which is a better vitamin B12 or B complex? What is the best time to take vitamin B complex? Was this post helpful? Best vitamin B Complex brands for Anxiety
Brand Name
Type
Form
Integrative Therapeutics
Vitamin b
capsules
Pure Encapsulations
Vitamin b
capsules
Douglas Labs
Vitamin b
capsules
Nordic Naturals
Vitamin-b complex, vitamin B6
capsules
Pure Encapsulations
Vitamin B complex
Liquid
Brainchild Nutritionals
Vitamin B complex
liquid
Thorne B-Complex #12
Vitamin B complex
capsule
Pure Encapsulations’ PureNutrients Gummies
Vitamin B6, B12
gummies
Vitavescence Powder
Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, Vitamin K, Thiamin (Vitamin B-1), Riboflavin (Vitamin B-2), Niacin (Vitamin B-3), Vitamin B-6 (as Pyridoxine HCI), Folate. powder
Seeking Health B-minus
vitaminB
capsules
What is the best Vitamin B for Anxiety? The best vitamin B for anxiety and related symptoms are: Vitamin B1 – thiamine
Vitamin B2 – riboflavin
Vitamin B3 – niacin
Vitamin B6 – pyridoxine
Vitamin B9 – folate or folic acid
Vitamin B12 – cyanocobalamin
What are B Vitamins? | https://optimistminds.com/best-vitamin-b-complex-brand-for-anxiety/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_967981316#4_1789132586 | Title: Best Vitamin B Complex Brand For Anxiety | OptimistMinds
Headings: Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Home » Mental health » Anxiety » Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Table of Contents
Best vitamin B Complex brands for Anxiety
What is the best Vitamin B for Anxiety?
What are B Vitamins?
How do B vitamins help?
Can B Vitamins help with anxiety?
How B Vitamins deals Anxiety (detail)
Vitamin B1 – thiamine
Vitamin B2 – riboflavin
Vitamin B3 – niacin
Vitamin B6 – pyridoxine
Vitamin B9 – Folate or Folic acid
Vitamin B12 – Cyanocobalamin
What are the best B Vitamins Complex Supplements?
Integrative Therapeutics Active B-Complex
Pure Encapsulations B-Complex Plus
Douglas Labs B-Complex with Metafolin and Intrinsic Factor
Nordic Naturals Vitamin B Complex
What are the best liquid vitamin B Complex Products?
Pure Encapsulations B-Complex Liquid
Brainchild Nutritionals B-Complex Liquid
What are the best vegan B complex vitamins?
Thorne B-Complex #12
What are the best B vitamin gummies?
Pure Encapsulations PureNutrients Gummies
What are the best B vItamins Complex Powder?
Vitavescence Powder
Best B complex without B12 and folate
Seeking Health B-Minus
What is the recommended dosage?
Best vitamin B Complex brands for Anxiety
FAQs (Best vitamin B complex for Anxiety)
Which is a better vitamin B12 or B complex?
What is the best time to take vitamin B complex?
Citations
Was this post helpful?
Divya Tiwari
Content: Was this post helpful? Best vitamin B Complex brands for Anxiety
Brand Name
Type
Form
Integrative Therapeutics
Vitamin b
capsules
Pure Encapsulations
Vitamin b
capsules
Douglas Labs
Vitamin b
capsules
Nordic Naturals
Vitamin-b complex, vitamin B6
capsules
Pure Encapsulations
Vitamin B complex
Liquid
Brainchild Nutritionals
Vitamin B complex
liquid
Thorne B-Complex #12
Vitamin B complex
capsule
Pure Encapsulations’ PureNutrients Gummies
Vitamin B6, B12
gummies
Vitavescence Powder
Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, Vitamin K, Thiamin (Vitamin B-1), Riboflavin (Vitamin B-2), Niacin (Vitamin B-3), Vitamin B-6 (as Pyridoxine HCI), Folate. powder
Seeking Health B-minus
vitaminB
capsules
What is the best Vitamin B for Anxiety? The best vitamin B for anxiety and related symptoms are: Vitamin B1 – thiamine
Vitamin B2 – riboflavin
Vitamin B3 – niacin
Vitamin B6 – pyridoxine
Vitamin B9 – folate or folic acid
Vitamin B12 – cyanocobalamin
What are B Vitamins? B vitamins are essential for maintaining good health and happiness. B vitamins have a direct effect on your energy levels, brain function, and cell metabolism because they are the building blocks of a healthy body. B vitamins are essential for a healthy nervous system. As a result, they play a critical role in a variety of mental health issues, including attention, energy, and cognition. They may also affect two important aspects of anxiety symptoms: | https://optimistminds.com/best-vitamin-b-complex-brand-for-anxiety/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_25_967981316#5_1789135843 | Title: Best Vitamin B Complex Brand For Anxiety | OptimistMinds
Headings: Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Home » Mental health » Anxiety » Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Best vitamin B complex brand for anxiety
Table of Contents
Best vitamin B Complex brands for Anxiety
What is the best Vitamin B for Anxiety?
What are B Vitamins?
How do B vitamins help?
Can B Vitamins help with anxiety?
How B Vitamins deals Anxiety (detail)
Vitamin B1 – thiamine
Vitamin B2 – riboflavin
Vitamin B3 – niacin
Vitamin B6 – pyridoxine
Vitamin B9 – Folate or Folic acid
Vitamin B12 – Cyanocobalamin
What are the best B Vitamins Complex Supplements?
Integrative Therapeutics Active B-Complex
Pure Encapsulations B-Complex Plus
Douglas Labs B-Complex with Metafolin and Intrinsic Factor
Nordic Naturals Vitamin B Complex
What are the best liquid vitamin B Complex Products?
Pure Encapsulations B-Complex Liquid
Brainchild Nutritionals B-Complex Liquid
What are the best vegan B complex vitamins?
Thorne B-Complex #12
What are the best B vitamin gummies?
Pure Encapsulations PureNutrients Gummies
What are the best B vItamins Complex Powder?
Vitavescence Powder
Best B complex without B12 and folate
Seeking Health B-Minus
What is the recommended dosage?
Best vitamin B Complex brands for Anxiety
FAQs (Best vitamin B complex for Anxiety)
Which is a better vitamin B12 or B complex?
What is the best time to take vitamin B complex?
Citations
Was this post helpful?
Divya Tiwari
Content: B vitamins are essential for maintaining good health and happiness. B vitamins have a direct effect on your energy levels, brain function, and cell metabolism because they are the building blocks of a healthy body. B vitamins are essential for a healthy nervous system. As a result, they play a critical role in a variety of mental health issues, including attention, energy, and cognition. They may also affect two important aspects of anxiety symptoms: Stress management and
Mood
Many people include B vitamins in their diet for fear because of these benefits. B-complex supplements contain a wide range of essential B vitamins, which can also be found in foods such as wild salmon, shrimp, tuna, halibut, yoghurt, eggs, cheese, lamb, venison, turkey, grass-fed beef, carrots, and green, leafy vegetables. How do B vitamins help? Vitamin B complex aids in the prevention of infections as well as the support and promotion of health. cell health
growth of red blood cells
energy levels
good eyesight
healthy brain function
good digestion
healthy appetite
proper nerve function
hormones and cholesterol production
cardiovascular health
muscle tone
Can B Vitamins help with anxiety? | https://optimistminds.com/best-vitamin-b-complex-brand-for-anxiety/ |
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