gowitheflow/parallel-talks-deduplicated · Datasets at Hugging Face

english stringlengths 2 3.06k	non_english stringlengths 1 2.84k	language stringclasses 52 values
And we do see language areas lighting up, but then, eyes closed -- when you are freestyling vs. memorizing, you've got major visual areas lighting up.	I co tu widzimy, widzimy, że językowy obszar zaświecił się, ale również -- oczy zamknięte -- gdy improwizujesz w odróżnieniu do zapamiętywania, twój główny wizualny obszar zapala się.	en-pl
You've got major cerebellar activity, which is involved in motor coordination.	Grande attività del cervelletto, coinvolto nella coordinazione motoria.	en-it
You have heightened brain activity when you're doing a comparable task, when that one task is creative and the other task is memorized.	Wykazujesz wzmożoną pracę mózgu, gdy wykonujesz te porównywane zadania, gdy jedno zadanie jest twórczością, a to drugie jest zapamiętane.	en-pl
It's very preliminary, but I think it's kind of cool.	Je to len predbežné zistenie ale myslím, že je to cool. Aby som to zhrnul, máme ešte veľa otázok.	en-sk
To conclude, we've got a lot of questions to ask, and like I said, we'll ask questions here, not answer them.	И както казах, ние ще задаваме въпроси тук, а няма да им отговоряме.	en-bg
But we want to get at the root of what is creative genius neurologically, and I think, with these methods, we're getting close.	Ali želimo doći do srži poimanja kreativnog genija, u neurološkom smislu. I mislim, s tim metodama, približavamo se tome.	en-hr
And I think, hopefully in the next 10, 20 years, you'll see real, meaningful studies that say science has to catch up to art, and maybe we're starting now to get there.	I mislim kako ćete u idućih 10, 20 godina zapravo vidjeti stvarne, značajne studije koje kažu kako znanost mora dostići umjetnost, i možda mi počinjemo sada ići u tom smjeru.	en-hr
Thank you for your time, I appreciate it.	Quero agradecer pelo vosso tempo.	en-pt
There are two groups of women when it comes to screening mammography -- women in whom mammography works very well and has saved thousands of lives and women in whom it doesn't work well at all.	Ada dua kelompok wanita berdasarkan pencitraan mammografinya -- wanita di mana mamografi mampu bekerja dengan baik dan telah menyelamatkan ribuan nyawa dan wanita di mana mamografi tidak dapat bekerja dengan baik	en-id
Do you know which group you're in?	Знаете ли в коя група сте?	en-bg
If you don't, you're not alone.	Ako ne znate, niste usamljene.	en-sr
Because the breast has become a very political organ.	因为乳房已经成为一种非常政治化的器官。	en-zh-cn
The truth has become lost in all the rhetoric coming from the press, politicians, radiologists and medical imaging companies.	Правда загубилася у всій цій балаканині преси, політиків, радіологів, і медичних діагностичних компаній.	en-uk
I will do my best this morning to tell you what I think is the truth.	Сьогодні я докладу всіх зусиль, щоб розповісти вам, що я вважаю правдою.	en-uk
But first, my disclosures.	Αλλά πρώτα, τα διαπιστευτήριά μου.	en-el
I am not a breast cancer survivor.	Nejsem po léčení rakoviny prsu,	en-cs
I'm not a radiologist.	방사선 전문의도 아니며,	en-ko
I don't have any patents, and I've never received any money from a medical imaging company, and I am not seeking your vote.	no tinc cap patent i mai no he rebut diners d'empreses d'imatgeria mèdica. No busco el vostre vot.	en-ca
(Laughter) What I am is a doctor of internal medicine who became passionately interested in this topic about 10 years ago when a patient asked me a question.	(웃음) 저는 10년전 한 환자가 제게 질문을 던졌을 때부터 비로소 유방조영술에 강하게 흥미를 가지게 된 내과의사입니다.	en-ko
She came to see me after discovering a breast lump.	Venise să mă vadă după ce descoperise un nodul la sân.	en-ro
Her sister had been diagnosed with breast cancer in her 40s.	Jej sestre diagnostikovali rakovinu prsníka po štyridsiatke.	en-sk
She and I were both very pregnant at that time, and my heart just ached for her, imagining how afraid she must be.	שתינו היינו בהריון מתקדם באותו זמן, וליבי יצא אליה, כשדימיינתי כמה היא בודאי מפוחדת.	en-he
Fortunately, her lump proved to be benign.	Na svu sreću, ispostavilo se da je njen čvorić bio benigan.	en-sr
But she asked me a question: how confident was I that I would find a tumor early on her mammogram if she developed one?	اما او از من سوالی پرسید: چطور مطمئن بودم که اگر غده‌ای در کار بود می‌توانستم آن را درابتدای رشد در ماموگرافی تشخیص دهم؟	en-fa
So I studied her mammogram, and I reviewed the radiology literature, and I was shocked to discover that, in her case, our chances of finding a tumor early on the mammogram were less than the toss of a coin.	Así que estudié su mamografía y consulté la literatura de radiología, y me impactó descubrir que, en su caso, la probabilidad de detección temprana en una mamografía era menor que ganar a cara o cruz.	en-es
You may recall a year ago when a firestorm erupted after the United States Preventive Services Task Force reviewed the world's mammography screening literature and issued a guideline recommending against screening mammograms in women in their 40s.	ربما تتذكرون انه منذ عام عندما حصل " لبس اعلامي " نتيجة عن قرار لجنة الخدمات الوقائية في الولايات المتحدة بعد قيامها بمراجعات لحيثيات مسح الماموغراف واصدار حكم توجيهي يتضمن رفضاً لتغطية التأمين الصحي للتصوير بالاشعة السينية للنساء في الاربعينيات من عمرهن	en-ar
Now everybody rushed to criticize the Task Force, even though most of them weren't in anyway familiar with the mammography studies.	حالا همه با عجله به انتقاد ازنیروی موظف پرداختند، گر چه بیشتر آنها با مطالعات ماموگرافی به هیچ طریقی آشنا نبودند.	en-fa
It took the Senate just 17 days to ban the use of the guidelines in determining insurance coverage.	Senatu je trebalo samo 17 dana da zabrani upotrebu direktive u određivanju osiguranja.	en-hr
Radiologists were outraged by the guidelines.	Các chuyên gia X-quang rất giận dữ về hướng dẫn này.	en-vi
The pre-eminent mammographer in the United States issued the following quote to the Washington Post.	Най-видният мамограф в САЩ излезе със следния цитат във "Вашингтон пост".	en-bg
The radiologists were, in turn, criticized for protecting their own financial self-interest.	Οι ακτινολόγοι με τη σειρά τους επικρίθηκαν ότι προστατεύουν τα δικά τους οικονομικά συμφέροντα.	en-el
But in my view, the radiologists are heroes.	ama benim gözümde radyologlar birer kahramandı.	en-tr
There's a shortage of radiologists qualified to read mammograms, and that's because mammograms are one of the most complex of all radiology studies to interpret, and because radiologists are sued more often over missed breast cancer than any other cause.	Hay escasez de radiólogos capacitados para leer mamografías, y esto se debe a que las mamografías son uno de los estudios más complejos de interpretar y a que los radiólogos son demandados con mayor frecuencia por cánceres de mama no detectados que por cualquier otra causa.	en-es
But that very fact is telling.	Ali ta činjenica govori sama za sebe.	en-hr
Where there is this much legal smoke, there is likely to be some fire.	火のないところに煙は立ちません	en-ja
The factor most responsible for that fire is breast density.	El factor decisivo en este fuego es la densidad de la mama.	en-es
Breast density refers to the relative amount of fat -- pictured here in yellow -- versus connective and epithelial tissues -- pictured in pink.	Meme yoğunluğu görselinde sarıyla gösterilen yağ dokusu bağ ve epitel dokular ise pembe renkte.	en-tr
And that proportion is primarily genetically determined.	таа пропорција е првенствено генетски предодредена	en-mk
Two-thirds of women in their 40s have dense breast tissue, which is why mammography doesn't work as well in them.	לשני שליש מהנשים בשנות הארבעים לחייהן יש רקמת שד צפופה, וזו הסיבה מדוע ממוגרפיה אינה יעילה עבורן.	en-he
And although breast density generally declines with age, up to a third of women retain dense breast tissue for years after menopause.	És bár a mell sűrűsége a kor haladtával csökken kb. a nők harmadál megmarad a sűrű mellszövet, még évekkel a menopauza után is.	en-hu
So how do you know if your breasts are dense?	Как определить, что ткань вашей груди плотная?	en-ru
Well, you need to read the details of your mammography report.	まずマンモグラフィーの検診結果を詳細に読んでください	en-ja
Radiologists classify breast density into four categories based on the appearance of the tissue on a mammogram.	Радиолозите ги класифицираат густините на ткивото во четири категории базирано врз изгледот на ткивото на мамографската снимка	en-mk
If the breast is less than 25 percent dense, that's called fatty-replaced.	Se il seno ha una densità inferiore al 25 percento, si dice che il tessuto è stato sostituito dal grasso.	en-it
The next category is scattered fibroglandular densities, followed by heterogeneously dense and extremely dense.	Kelompok selanjutnya adalah kepadatan fibroglandular menyebar, diikuti oleh padat heterogen dan sangat padat.	en-id
And breasts that fall into these two categories are considered dense.	この二つの部類に属すものが高濃度とみなされます	en-ja
The problem with breast density is that it's truly the wolf in sheep's clothing.	O problema da densidade mamária é que é "um lobo com pele de cordeiro".	en-pt
Both tumors and dense breast tissue appear white on a mammogram, and the X-ray often can't distinguish between the two.	肿瘤和高密度乳腺组织在乳房X光片上都呈现为白色，通常X光无法辨别这两者。	en-zh-cn
So it's easy to see this tumor in the upper part of this fatty breast.	所以要在充滿脂肪的乳房中發現腫瘤比較容易	en-zh-tw
But imagine how difficult it would be to find that tumor in this dense breast.	Nhưng hãy tưởng tượng nó sẽ khó như thế này để tìm ra khối u trong bộ ngực dày đặc này.	en-vi
That's why mammograms find over 80 percent of tumors in fatty breasts, but as few as 40 percent in extremely dense breasts.	Aquest és el motiu pel qual les mamografies detecten més del 80% dels tumors en mames amb predomini greixós però només el 40% en mames extremadament denses.	en-ca
Now it's bad enough that breast density makes it hard to find a cancer, but it turns out that it's also a powerful predictor of your risk for breast cancer.	Schlimm genug, dass die Dichte einer Brust es schwierig macht, Krebs ausfindig zu machen, es stellt sich heraus, dass dies auch ein wesentlicher Faktor Ihres Brustkrebsrisikos ist.	en-de
It's a stronger risk factor than having a mother or a sister with breast cancer.	густината е посилен ризик-фактор од имањето сестра или мајка со рак на дојка	en-mk
At the time my patient posed this question to me, breast density was an obscure topic in the radiology literature, and very few women having mammograms, or the physicians ordering them, knew about this.	тогаш кога мојата пациентка ми го постави прашањето густината на дојката беше засенета тема во радиолошката литература и многу малку жени кои правеа мамограми или докторите кои ги нарачуваа знаеја за ова	en-mk
But what else could I offer her?	Aber was hätte ich ihr sonst sagen können?	en-de
Mammograms have been around since the 1960's, and it's changed very little.	As mamografias existem desde os anos 60 e têm mudado muito pouco.	en-pt
There have been surprisingly few innovations, until digital mammography was approved in 2000.	這項技術的創新出乎意料的少直到2000年時數位化乳房X光攝影才被核可	en-zh-tw
Digital mammography is still an X-ray of the breast, but the images can be stored and manipulated digitally, just like we can with a digital camera.	Digitale mammografie is nog altijd een röntgenfoto van de borst, maar de beelden kunnen digitaal worden opgeslagen en veranderd, net zoals we dat kunnen met een digitaal fototoestel.	en-nl
The U.S. has invested four billion dollars converting to digital mammography equipment, and what have we gained from that investment?	В САЩ са инвестирани четири милиарда долара, за прехвърляне към оборудване за дигиталната мамография. И какво сме спечелили от тази инвестиция?	en-bg
In a study funded by over 25 million taxpayer dollars, digital mammography was found to be no better over all than traditional mammography, and in fact, it was worse in older women.	Studie, která stála přes 25 milionů dolarů, ukázala, že digitální mamografie není v souhrnu o nic lepší než tradiční mamografie. Dokonce byla horší u starších žen.	en-cs
But it was better in one group, and that was women under 50 who were pre-menopausal and had dense breasts, and in those women, digital mammography found twice as many cancers, but it still only found 60 percent.	اما در یک گروه بهتر بود، و آن زنان کمتر از ۵۰ سال سن که در دوران پیش از یائسگی بودند و پستان متراکم داشتند. و در این زنان، ماموگرافی دیجیتالی بیش از دو برابر قبل سرطان‌ها را پیدا می‌کند، اما هنوز شصت درصد را پیدا می‌کند.	en-fa
So digital mammography has been a giant leap forward for manufacturers of digital mammography equipment, but it's been a very small step forward for womankind.	Demek ki dijital mammografi bu cihazları üreten firmalar için ileri doğru dev bir adım olmasın rağmen, meme kanseri riki altındaki kadınlar için çok küçük bir ilerleme sağladı.	en-tr
What about ultrasound?	Što je s ultrazvukom?	en-hr
Ultrasound generates more biopsies that are unnecessary relative to other technologies, so it's not widely used.	Ultrazvuk zahtijeva više biopsija koje su nepotrebne u odnosu na druge tehnologije, pa nije mnogo korištena.	en-hr
And MRI is exquisitely sensitive for finding tumors, but it's also very expensive.	Und ein MRI ist sehr leistungsfähig, um Tumore zu finden, aber es ist auch sehr teuer.	en-de
If we think about disruptive technology, we see an almost ubiquitous pattern of the technology getting smaller and less expensive.	Si pensamos en tecnologías disruptivas vemos un patrón casi omnipresente de tecnología cada vez más pequeña y menos costosa.	en-es
Think about iPods compared to stereos.	Denken Sie zum Beispiel an iPods im Vergleich zu Stereoanlagen.	en-de
But it's the exact opposite in health care.	ولكن العكس تماما يحدث فيما يخص الصحة	en-ar
The machines get ever bigger and ever more expensive.	Máy móc dần trở nên to hơn và càng lúc càng đắt hơn.	en-vi
Screening the average young woman with an MRI is kind of like driving to the grocery store in a Hummer.	使用核磁共振儀來檢測就好像開著一台悍馬車進雜貨店一樣	en-zh-tw
It's just way too much equipment.	實在有太多儀器、設備了	en-zh-tw
One MRI scan costs 10 times what a digital mammogram costs.	Jeden sken pomocou MRI stojí desaťkrát toľko ako digitálny mamogram.	en-sk
And sooner or later, we're going to have to accept the fact that health care innovation can't always come at a much higher price.	Vroeg of laat moeten we accepteren dat innovatie in de gezondheidszorg niet altijd kan tegen een veel hogere prijs.	en-nl
Malcolm Gladwell wrote an article in the New Yorker on innovation, and he made the case that scientific discoveries are rarely the product of one individual's genius.	Malcolm Gladwell napisao je članak u New Yorkeru o inovacijama i objasnio je da su znanstvena otkrića rijetko proizvod jednog jedinog genija.	en-hr
Rather, big ideas can be orchestrated, if you can simply gather people with different perspectives in a room and get them to talk about things that they don't ordinarily talk about.	Pelo contrário, as grandes ideias podem ser orquestradas, se conseguirmos juntar pessoas com diferentes perspetivas numa sala e conseguir que falem sobre coisas que normalmente não discutem.	en-pt
It's like the essence of TED.	Je to jako esence TEDu.	en-cs
He quotes one innovator who says, "The only time a physician and a physicist get together is when the physicist gets sick."	El citează un inovator care spune, "Singurul moment în care un medic şi un fizician se întâlnesc este atunci când fizicianul se îmbolnăveşte."	en-ro
(Laughter) This makes no sense, because physicians have all kinds of problems that they don't realize have solutions.	(Gelach) Dit is niet logisch, want artsen hebben allerlei soorten problemen waarvan ze zich niet realiseren dat er oplossingen voor zijn.	en-nl
And physicists have all kinds of solutions for things that they don't realize are problems.	E físicos têm todos os tipos de soluções para coisas as quais eles não percebem que são problemas.	en-pt-br
Now, take a look at this cartoon that accompanied Gladwell's article, and tell me if you see something disturbing about this depiction of innovative thinkers.	Mireu ara aquesta il·lustració que acompanyava l'article de Gladwell i digueu-me si veieu quelcom d'inquietant en la representació dels pensadors innovadors.	en-ca
(Laughter) So if you will allow me a little creative license, I will tell you the story of the serendipitous collision of my patient's problem with a physicist's solution.	(웃음) 허락해 주신다면, 제 환자가 던진 문제와 이에 대한 물리학자의 해결책이 뜻밖에 재미있는 충돌을 일으킨 이야기에 대해 말하려 합니다.	en-ko
Shortly after her visit, I was introduced to a nuclear physicist at Mayo named Michael O'Conner, who was a specialist in cardiac imaging, something I had nothing to do with.	Kurz nach ihrem Besuch bei mir wurde ich in der Mayo Klinik einem Nuklearphysiker namens Michael O'Conner vorgestellt, der auf Herz-Bildgebung spezialisiert war – etwas, mit dem ich nichts zu tun hatte.	en-de
And he happened to tell me about a conference he'd just returned from in Israel, where they were talking about a new type of gamma detector.	Şi s-a întâmplat să-mi spună despre o conferinţă din Israel de la care abia se întorsese unde vorbiseră despre un nou tip de detector gamma.	en-ro
Now gamma imaging has been around for a long time to image the heart, and it had even been tried to image the breast.	Gama snimanje je u uporabi već duže vrijeme što se tiče snimanja srca i čak se njime pokušavalo snimiti dojku.	en-hr
But the problem was that the gamma detectors were these huge, bulky tubes, and they were filled with these scintillating crystals, and you just couldn't get them close enough around the breast to find small tumors.	Ali problem je bio u tome što su gama detektori ogromne, glomazne cevi i ispunjene su ovim svetlucavim kristalima, i niste ih jednostavno mogli dovoljno približiti dojci da bi pronašli male tumore.	en-sr
But the potential advantage was that gamma rays, unlike X-rays, are not influenced by breast density.	Mas a potencial vantagem era que os raios gama, ao contrário dos raios-X, não são influenciados pela densidade dos seios.	en-pt
But this technology could not find tumors when they're small, and finding a small tumor is critical for survival.	Все ж, ця технологія не змогла виявити малу пухлину, а виявлення пухлини на ранній стадії життєвоважливо.	en-uk
If you can find a tumor when it's less than a centimeter, survival exceeds 90 percent, but drops off rapidly as tumor size increases.	Ako možete pronaći tumor kada je manji od centimetra, verovatnoća da se preživi je preko 90 procenata ali ona strmo opada kako se veličina tumora povećava.	en-sr
But Michael told me about a new type of gamma detector that he'd seen, and this is it.	Michael mi však povedal o novom type gama detektoru, ktorý videl, a to je on.	en-sk
It's made not of a bulky tube, but of a thin layer of a semiconductor material that serves as the gamma detector.	Detektor ini terbuat bukan dari tabung yang tebal namun dari lapisan tipis bahan semikonduktor yang berfungsi sebagai detektor sinar gamma.	en-id
And I started talking to him about this problem with breast density, and we realized that we might be able to get this detector close enough around the breast to actually find small tumors.	Почнав да му зборувам за проблемот со густината на дојките и свативме дека би можеле да го наместиме овој детектор доволно близу околу дојката за да ги пронајде ситните тумори	en-mk
So after putting together a grid of these cubes with tape -- (Laughter) -- Michael hacked off the X-ray plate of a mammography machine that was about to be thrown out, and we attached the new detector, and we decided to call this machine Molecular Breast Imaging, or MBI.	Aşa că după ce am realizat o grilă din aceste cuburi cu bandă adezivă -- (Râsete) -- Michael a sustras placa radiografică a unui aparat pentru mamografii care era pe punctul de a fi aruncat. Şi am ataşat noul detector, şi am decis să numim acest aparat Imagisitică Moleculară a Sânului sau MBI.	en-ro
This is an image from our first patient.	Esta é uma imagem da nossa primeira paciente.	en-pt
And you can see, using the old gamma technology, that it just looked like noise.	Dan Anda dapat lihat, dengan teknologi sinar gamma kuno, gambarnya terlihat tidak teratur.	en-id
But using our new detector, we could begin to see the outline of a tumor.	この新しい検出器を使うと腫瘍の外郭が見えるようになります	en-ja
So here we were, a nuclear physicist, an internist, soon joined by Carrie Hruska, a biomedical engineer, and two radiologists, and we were trying to take on the entrenched world of mammography with a machine that was held together by duct tape.	Ось так ми - фізик-атомник, терапевт, а також Керрі Рашка, інженер-біомедик, і два радіологи - намагалися кинути виклик усталеному світу мамографії за допомогою апарату, який був склеєний докупи скотчем.	en-uk
To say that we faced high doses of skepticism in those early years is just a huge understatement, but we were so convinced that we might be able to make this work that we chipped away with incremental modifications to this system.	گفتن این که ما در آن سال‌های ابتدایی به مقدار زیادی با شک و تردید رو به رو شدیم، صرفا کتمان حقیقت عظیمی است، اما خیلی متقاعد بودیم که ممکن است بتوانیم این کار را انجام دهیم که با اصلاحات افزایشی به این سیستم آن را به تدریج ضعیفتر می‌کنیم.	en-fa
This is our current detector.	Ez a mostani detektorunk.	en-hu
And you can see that it looks a lot different.	Bạn có thể thấy là nó trông hoàn toàn khác.	en-vi
The duct tape is gone, and we added a second detector on top of the breast, which has further improved our tumor detection.	Es gibt kein Klebeband mehr und wir haben einen zweiten Detektor für die Oberseite der Brust hinzugefügt, welcher die Tumorerkennung verbessert hat.	en-de

And we do see language areas lighting up, but then, eyes closed -- when you are freestyling vs. memorizing, you've got major visual areas lighting up.

I co tu widzimy, widzimy, że językowy obszar zaświecił się, ale również -- oczy zamknięte -- gdy improwizujesz w odróżnieniu do zapamiętywania, twój główny wizualny obszar zapala się.

en-pl

You've got major cerebellar activity, which is involved in motor coordination.

Grande attività del cervelletto, coinvolto nella coordinazione motoria.

en-it

You have heightened brain activity when you're doing a comparable task, when that one task is creative and the other task is memorized.

Wykazujesz wzmożoną pracę mózgu, gdy wykonujesz te porównywane zadania, gdy jedno zadanie jest twórczością, a to drugie jest zapamiętane.

en-pl

It's very preliminary, but I think it's kind of cool.

Je to len predbežné zistenie ale myslím, že je to cool. Aby som to zhrnul, máme ešte veľa otázok.

en-sk

To conclude, we've got a lot of questions to ask, and like I said, we'll ask questions here, not answer them.

И както казах, ние ще задаваме въпроси тук, а няма да им отговоряме.

en-bg

But we want to get at the root of what is creative genius neurologically, and I think, with these methods, we're getting close.

Ali želimo doći do srži poimanja kreativnog genija, u neurološkom smislu. I mislim, s tim metodama, približavamo se tome.

en-hr

And I think, hopefully in the next 10, 20 years, you'll see real, meaningful studies that say science has to catch up to art, and maybe we're starting now to get there.

I mislim kako ćete u idućih 10, 20 godina zapravo vidjeti stvarne, značajne studije koje kažu kako znanost mora dostići umjetnost, i možda mi počinjemo sada ići u tom smjeru.

en-hr

Thank you for your time, I appreciate it.

Quero agradecer pelo vosso tempo.

en-pt

There are two groups of women when it comes to screening mammography -- women in whom mammography works very well and has saved thousands of lives and women in whom it doesn't work well at all.

Ada dua kelompok wanita berdasarkan pencitraan mammografinya -- wanita di mana mamografi mampu bekerja dengan baik dan telah menyelamatkan ribuan nyawa dan wanita di mana mamografi tidak dapat bekerja dengan baik

en-id

Do you know which group you're in?

Знаете ли в коя група сте?

en-bg

If you don't, you're not alone.

Ako ne znate, niste usamljene.

en-sr

Because the breast has become a very political organ.

因为乳房已经成为一种非常政治化的器官。

en-zh-cn

The truth has become lost in all the rhetoric coming from the press, politicians, radiologists and medical imaging companies.

Правда загубилася у всій цій балаканині преси, політиків, радіологів, і медичних діагностичних компаній.

en-uk

I will do my best this morning to tell you what I think is the truth.

Сьогодні я докладу всіх зусиль, щоб розповісти вам, що я вважаю правдою.

en-uk

But first, my disclosures.

Αλλά πρώτα, τα διαπιστευτήριά μου.

en-el

I am not a breast cancer survivor.

Nejsem po léčení rakoviny prsu,

en-cs

I'm not a radiologist.

방사선 전문의도 아니며,

en-ko

I don't have any patents, and I've never received any money from a medical imaging company, and I am not seeking your vote.

no tinc cap patent i mai no he rebut diners d'empreses d'imatgeria mèdica. No busco el vostre vot.

en-ca

(Laughter) What I am is a doctor of internal medicine who became passionately interested in this topic about 10 years ago when a patient asked me a question.

(웃음) 저는 10년전 한 환자가 제게 질문을 던졌을 때부터 비로소 유방조영술에 강하게 흥미를 가지게 된 내과의사입니다.

en-ko

She came to see me after discovering a breast lump.

Venise să mă vadă după ce descoperise un nodul la sân.

en-ro

Her sister had been diagnosed with breast cancer in her 40s.

Jej sestre diagnostikovali rakovinu prsníka po štyridsiatke.

en-sk

She and I were both very pregnant at that time, and my heart just ached for her, imagining how afraid she must be.

שתינו היינו בהריון מתקדם באותו זמן, וליבי יצא אליה, כשדימיינתי כמה היא בודאי מפוחדת.

en-he

Fortunately, her lump proved to be benign.

Na svu sreću, ispostavilo se da je njen čvorić bio benigan.

en-sr

But she asked me a question: how confident was I that I would find a tumor early on her mammogram if she developed one?

اما او از من سوالی پرسید: چطور مطمئن بودم که اگر غده‌ای در کار بود می‌توانستم آن را درابتدای رشد در ماموگرافی تشخیص دهم؟

en-fa

So I studied her mammogram, and I reviewed the radiology literature, and I was shocked to discover that, in her case, our chances of finding a tumor early on the mammogram were less than the toss of a coin.

Así que estudié su mamografía y consulté la literatura de radiología, y me impactó descubrir que, en su caso, la probabilidad de detección temprana en una mamografía era menor que ganar a cara o cruz.

en-es

You may recall a year ago when a firestorm erupted after the United States Preventive Services Task Force reviewed the world's mammography screening literature and issued a guideline recommending against screening mammograms in women in their 40s.

ربما تتذكرون انه منذ عام عندما حصل " لبس اعلامي " نتيجة عن قرار لجنة الخدمات الوقائية في الولايات المتحدة بعد قيامها بمراجعات لحيثيات مسح الماموغراف واصدار حكم توجيهي يتضمن رفضاً لتغطية التأمين الصحي للتصوير بالاشعة السينية للنساء في الاربعينيات من عمرهن

en-ar

Now everybody rushed to criticize the Task Force, even though most of them weren't in anyway familiar with the mammography studies.

حالا همه با عجله به انتقاد ازنیروی موظف پرداختند، گر چه بیشتر آنها با مطالعات ماموگرافی به هیچ طریقی آشنا نبودند.

en-fa

It took the Senate just 17 days to ban the use of the guidelines in determining insurance coverage.

Senatu je trebalo samo 17 dana da zabrani upotrebu direktive u određivanju osiguranja.

en-hr

Radiologists were outraged by the guidelines.

Các chuyên gia X-quang rất giận dữ về hướng dẫn này.

en-vi

The pre-eminent mammographer in the United States issued the following quote to the Washington Post.

Най-видният мамограф в САЩ излезе със следния цитат във "Вашингтон пост".

en-bg

The radiologists were, in turn, criticized for protecting their own financial self-interest.

Οι ακτινολόγοι με τη σειρά τους επικρίθηκαν ότι προστατεύουν τα δικά τους οικονομικά συμφέροντα.

en-el

But in my view, the radiologists are heroes.

ama benim gözümde radyologlar birer kahramandı.

en-tr

There's a shortage of radiologists qualified to read mammograms, and that's because mammograms are one of the most complex of all radiology studies to interpret, and because radiologists are sued more often over missed breast cancer than any other cause.

Hay escasez de radiólogos capacitados para leer mamografías, y esto se debe a que las mamografías son uno de los estudios más complejos de interpretar y a que los radiólogos son demandados con mayor frecuencia por cánceres de mama no detectados que por cualquier otra causa.

en-es

But that very fact is telling.

Ali ta činjenica govori sama za sebe.

en-hr

Where there is this much legal smoke, there is likely to be some fire.

火のないところに煙は立ちません

en-ja

The factor most responsible for that fire is breast density.

El factor decisivo en este fuego es la densidad de la mama.

en-es

Breast density refers to the relative amount of fat -- pictured here in yellow -- versus connective and epithelial tissues -- pictured in pink.

Meme yoğunluğu görselinde sarıyla gösterilen yağ dokusu bağ ve epitel dokular ise pembe renkte.

en-tr

And that proportion is primarily genetically determined.

таа пропорција е првенствено генетски предодредена

en-mk

Two-thirds of women in their 40s have dense breast tissue, which is why mammography doesn't work as well in them.

לשני שליש מהנשים בשנות הארבעים לחייהן יש רקמת שד צפופה, וזו הסיבה מדוע ממוגרפיה אינה יעילה עבורן.

en-he

And although breast density generally declines with age, up to a third of women retain dense breast tissue for years after menopause.

És bár a mell sűrűsége a kor haladtával csökken kb. a nők harmadál megmarad a sűrű mellszövet, még évekkel a menopauza után is.

en-hu

So how do you know if your breasts are dense?

Как определить, что ткань вашей груди плотная?

en-ru

Well, you need to read the details of your mammography report.

まずマンモグラフィーの検診結果を詳細に読んでください

en-ja

Radiologists classify breast density into four categories based on the appearance of the tissue on a mammogram.

Радиолозите ги класифицираат густините на ткивото во четири категории базирано врз изгледот на ткивото на мамографската снимка

en-mk

If the breast is less than 25 percent dense, that's called fatty-replaced.

Se il seno ha una densità inferiore al 25 percento, si dice che il tessuto è stato sostituito dal grasso.

en-it

The next category is scattered fibroglandular densities, followed by heterogeneously dense and extremely dense.

Kelompok selanjutnya adalah kepadatan fibroglandular menyebar, diikuti oleh padat heterogen dan sangat padat.

en-id

And breasts that fall into these two categories are considered dense.

この二つの部類に属すものが高濃度とみなされます

en-ja

The problem with breast density is that it's truly the wolf in sheep's clothing.

O problema da densidade mamária é que é "um lobo com pele de cordeiro".

en-pt

Both tumors and dense breast tissue appear white on a mammogram, and the X-ray often can't distinguish between the two.

肿瘤和高密度乳腺组织在乳房X光片上都呈现为白色，通常X光无法辨别这两者。

en-zh-cn

So it's easy to see this tumor in the upper part of this fatty breast.

所以要在充滿脂肪的乳房中發現腫瘤比較容易

en-zh-tw

But imagine how difficult it would be to find that tumor in this dense breast.

Nhưng hãy tưởng tượng nó sẽ khó như thế này để tìm ra khối u trong bộ ngực dày đặc này.

en-vi

That's why mammograms find over 80 percent of tumors in fatty breasts, but as few as 40 percent in extremely dense breasts.

Aquest és el motiu pel qual les mamografies detecten més del 80% dels tumors en mames amb predomini greixós però només el 40% en mames extremadament denses.

en-ca

Now it's bad enough that breast density makes it hard to find a cancer, but it turns out that it's also a powerful predictor of your risk for breast cancer.

Schlimm genug, dass die Dichte einer Brust es schwierig macht, Krebs ausfindig zu machen, es stellt sich heraus, dass dies auch ein wesentlicher Faktor Ihres Brustkrebsrisikos ist.

en-de

It's a stronger risk factor than having a mother or a sister with breast cancer.

густината е посилен ризик-фактор од имањето сестра или мајка со рак на дојка

en-mk

At the time my patient posed this question to me, breast density was an obscure topic in the radiology literature, and very few women having mammograms, or the physicians ordering them, knew about this.

тогаш кога мојата пациентка ми го постави прашањето густината на дојката беше засенета тема во радиолошката литература и многу малку жени кои правеа мамограми или докторите кои ги нарачуваа знаеја за ова

en-mk

But what else could I offer her?

Aber was hätte ich ihr sonst sagen können?

en-de

Mammograms have been around since the 1960's, and it's changed very little.

As mamografias existem desde os anos 60 e têm mudado muito pouco.

en-pt

There have been surprisingly few innovations, until digital mammography was approved in 2000.

這項技術的創新出乎意料的少直到2000年時數位化乳房X光攝影才被核可

en-zh-tw

Digital mammography is still an X-ray of the breast, but the images can be stored and manipulated digitally, just like we can with a digital camera.

Digitale mammografie is nog altijd een röntgenfoto van de borst, maar de beelden kunnen digitaal worden opgeslagen en veranderd, net zoals we dat kunnen met een digitaal fototoestel.

en-nl

The U.S. has invested four billion dollars converting to digital mammography equipment, and what have we gained from that investment?

В САЩ са инвестирани четири милиарда долара, за прехвърляне към оборудване за дигиталната мамография. И какво сме спечелили от тази инвестиция?

en-bg

In a study funded by over 25 million taxpayer dollars, digital mammography was found to be no better over all than traditional mammography, and in fact, it was worse in older women.

Studie, která stála přes 25 milionů dolarů, ukázala, že digitální mamografie není v souhrnu o nic lepší než tradiční mamografie. Dokonce byla horší u starších žen.

en-cs

But it was better in one group, and that was women under 50 who were pre-menopausal and had dense breasts, and in those women, digital mammography found twice as many cancers, but it still only found 60 percent.

اما در یک گروه بهتر بود، و آن زنان کمتر از ۵۰ سال سن که در دوران پیش از یائسگی بودند و پستان متراکم داشتند. و در این زنان، ماموگرافی دیجیتالی بیش از دو برابر قبل سرطان‌ها را پیدا می‌کند، اما هنوز شصت درصد را پیدا می‌کند.

en-fa

So digital mammography has been a giant leap forward for manufacturers of digital mammography equipment, but it's been a very small step forward for womankind.

Demek ki dijital mammografi bu cihazları üreten firmalar için ileri doğru dev bir adım olmasın rağmen, meme kanseri riki altındaki kadınlar için çok küçük bir ilerleme sağladı.

en-tr

What about ultrasound?

Što je s ultrazvukom?

en-hr

Ultrasound generates more biopsies that are unnecessary relative to other technologies, so it's not widely used.

Ultrazvuk zahtijeva više biopsija koje su nepotrebne u odnosu na druge tehnologije, pa nije mnogo korištena.

en-hr

And MRI is exquisitely sensitive for finding tumors, but it's also very expensive.

Und ein MRI ist sehr leistungsfähig, um Tumore zu finden, aber es ist auch sehr teuer.

en-de

If we think about disruptive technology, we see an almost ubiquitous pattern of the technology getting smaller and less expensive.

Si pensamos en tecnologías disruptivas vemos un patrón casi omnipresente de tecnología cada vez más pequeña y menos costosa.

en-es

Think about iPods compared to stereos.

Denken Sie zum Beispiel an iPods im Vergleich zu Stereoanlagen.

en-de

But it's the exact opposite in health care.

ولكن العكس تماما يحدث فيما يخص الصحة

en-ar

The machines get ever bigger and ever more expensive.

Máy móc dần trở nên to hơn và càng lúc càng đắt hơn.

en-vi

Screening the average young woman with an MRI is kind of like driving to the grocery store in a Hummer.

使用核磁共振儀來檢測就好像開著一台悍馬車進雜貨店一樣

en-zh-tw

It's just way too much equipment.

實在有太多儀器、設備了

en-zh-tw

One MRI scan costs 10 times what a digital mammogram costs.

Jeden sken pomocou MRI stojí desaťkrát toľko ako digitálny mamogram.

en-sk

And sooner or later, we're going to have to accept the fact that health care innovation can't always come at a much higher price.

Vroeg of laat moeten we accepteren dat innovatie in de gezondheidszorg niet altijd kan tegen een veel hogere prijs.

en-nl

Malcolm Gladwell wrote an article in the New Yorker on innovation, and he made the case that scientific discoveries are rarely the product of one individual's genius.

Malcolm Gladwell napisao je članak u New Yorkeru o inovacijama i objasnio je da su znanstvena otkrića rijetko proizvod jednog jedinog genija.

en-hr

Rather, big ideas can be orchestrated, if you can simply gather people with different perspectives in a room and get them to talk about things that they don't ordinarily talk about.

Pelo contrário, as grandes ideias podem ser orquestradas, se conseguirmos juntar pessoas com diferentes perspetivas numa sala e conseguir que falem sobre coisas que normalmente não discutem.

en-pt

It's like the essence of TED.

Je to jako esence TEDu.

en-cs

He quotes one innovator who says, "The only time a physician and a physicist get together is when the physicist gets sick."

El citează un inovator care spune, "Singurul moment în care un medic şi un fizician se întâlnesc este atunci când fizicianul se îmbolnăveşte."

en-ro

(Laughter) This makes no sense, because physicians have all kinds of problems that they don't realize have solutions.

(Gelach) Dit is niet logisch, want artsen hebben allerlei soorten problemen waarvan ze zich niet realiseren dat er oplossingen voor zijn.

en-nl

And physicists have all kinds of solutions for things that they don't realize are problems.

E físicos têm todos os tipos de soluções para coisas as quais eles não percebem que são problemas.

en-pt-br

Now, take a look at this cartoon that accompanied Gladwell's article, and tell me if you see something disturbing about this depiction of innovative thinkers.

Mireu ara aquesta il·lustració que acompanyava l'article de Gladwell i digueu-me si veieu quelcom d'inquietant en la representació dels pensadors innovadors.

en-ca

(Laughter) So if you will allow me a little creative license, I will tell you the story of the serendipitous collision of my patient's problem with a physicist's solution.

(웃음) 허락해 주신다면, 제 환자가 던진 문제와 이에 대한 물리학자의 해결책이 뜻밖에 재미있는 충돌을 일으킨 이야기에 대해 말하려 합니다.

en-ko

Shortly after her visit, I was introduced to a nuclear physicist at Mayo named Michael O'Conner, who was a specialist in cardiac imaging, something I had nothing to do with.

Kurz nach ihrem Besuch bei mir wurde ich in der Mayo Klinik einem Nuklearphysiker namens Michael O'Conner vorgestellt, der auf Herz-Bildgebung spezialisiert war – etwas, mit dem ich nichts zu tun hatte.

en-de

And he happened to tell me about a conference he'd just returned from in Israel, where they were talking about a new type of gamma detector.

Şi s-a întâmplat să-mi spună despre o conferinţă din Israel de la care abia se întorsese unde vorbiseră despre un nou tip de detector gamma.

en-ro

Now gamma imaging has been around for a long time to image the heart, and it had even been tried to image the breast.

Gama snimanje je u uporabi već duže vrijeme što se tiče snimanja srca i čak se njime pokušavalo snimiti dojku.

en-hr

But the problem was that the gamma detectors were these huge, bulky tubes, and they were filled with these scintillating crystals, and you just couldn't get them close enough around the breast to find small tumors.

Ali problem je bio u tome što su gama detektori ogromne, glomazne cevi i ispunjene su ovim svetlucavim kristalima, i niste ih jednostavno mogli dovoljno približiti dojci da bi pronašli male tumore.

en-sr

But the potential advantage was that gamma rays, unlike X-rays, are not influenced by breast density.

Mas a potencial vantagem era que os raios gama, ao contrário dos raios-X, não são influenciados pela densidade dos seios.

en-pt

But this technology could not find tumors when they're small, and finding a small tumor is critical for survival.

Все ж, ця технологія не змогла виявити малу пухлину, а виявлення пухлини на ранній стадії життєвоважливо.

en-uk

If you can find a tumor when it's less than a centimeter, survival exceeds 90 percent, but drops off rapidly as tumor size increases.

Ako možete pronaći tumor kada je manji od centimetra, verovatnoća da se preživi je preko 90 procenata ali ona strmo opada kako se veličina tumora povećava.

en-sr

But Michael told me about a new type of gamma detector that he'd seen, and this is it.

Michael mi však povedal o novom type gama detektoru, ktorý videl, a to je on.

en-sk

It's made not of a bulky tube, but of a thin layer of a semiconductor material that serves as the gamma detector.

Detektor ini terbuat bukan dari tabung yang tebal namun dari lapisan tipis bahan semikonduktor yang berfungsi sebagai detektor sinar gamma.

en-id

And I started talking to him about this problem with breast density, and we realized that we might be able to get this detector close enough around the breast to actually find small tumors.

Почнав да му зборувам за проблемот со густината на дојките и свативме дека би можеле да го наместиме овој детектор доволно близу околу дојката за да ги пронајде ситните тумори

en-mk

So after putting together a grid of these cubes with tape -- (Laughter) -- Michael hacked off the X-ray plate of a mammography machine that was about to be thrown out, and we attached the new detector, and we decided to call this machine Molecular Breast Imaging, or MBI.

Aşa că după ce am realizat o grilă din aceste cuburi cu bandă adezivă -- (Râsete) -- Michael a sustras placa radiografică a unui aparat pentru mamografii care era pe punctul de a fi aruncat. Şi am ataşat noul detector, şi am decis să numim acest aparat Imagisitică Moleculară a Sânului sau MBI.

en-ro

This is an image from our first patient.

Esta é uma imagem da nossa primeira paciente.

en-pt

And you can see, using the old gamma technology, that it just looked like noise.

Dan Anda dapat lihat, dengan teknologi sinar gamma kuno, gambarnya terlihat tidak teratur.

en-id

But using our new detector, we could begin to see the outline of a tumor.

この新しい検出器を使うと腫瘍の外郭が見えるようになります

en-ja

So here we were, a nuclear physicist, an internist, soon joined by Carrie Hruska, a biomedical engineer, and two radiologists, and we were trying to take on the entrenched world of mammography with a machine that was held together by duct tape.

Ось так ми - фізик-атомник, терапевт, а також Керрі Рашка, інженер-біомедик, і два радіологи - намагалися кинути виклик усталеному світу мамографії за допомогою апарату, який був склеєний докупи скотчем.

en-uk

To say that we faced high doses of skepticism in those early years is just a huge understatement, but we were so convinced that we might be able to make this work that we chipped away with incremental modifications to this system.

گفتن این که ما در آن سال‌های ابتدایی به مقدار زیادی با شک و تردید رو به رو شدیم، صرفا کتمان حقیقت عظیمی است، اما خیلی متقاعد بودیم که ممکن است بتوانیم این کار را انجام دهیم که با اصلاحات افزایشی به این سیستم آن را به تدریج ضعیفتر می‌کنیم.

en-fa

This is our current detector.

Ez a mostani detektorunk.

en-hu

And you can see that it looks a lot different.

Bạn có thể thấy là nó trông hoàn toàn khác.

en-vi

The duct tape is gone, and we added a second detector on top of the breast, which has further improved our tumor detection.

Es gibt kein Klebeband mehr und wir haben einen zweiten Detektor für die Oberseite der Brust hinzugefügt, welcher die Tumorerkennung verbessert hat.

en-de