gowitheflow/parallel-talks-deduplicated · Datasets at Hugging Face

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So the efficient thing to do if you want to make the world better is not try to make people behave differently like the New Left was, but just give them tools that go in the right direction.	如果你想讓世界變得更好，那有效的做法並不是讓人們像新左派那樣做出奇怪的舉動，而只需給他們朝向正確方向的工具。	en-zh-tw
That was the Whole Earth Catalog.	Dat was de Whole Earth Catalog.	en-nl
CA: And Stewart, the central image -- this is one of the first images, the first time people had seen Earth from outer space.	CA : Stewart, l'image centrale... C'est une des premières images, la première fois où on voit la Terre depuis l'espace.	en-fr
That had an impact, too.	それも画期的でしたよね	en-ja
SB: It was kind of a chance that in the spring of '66, thanks to an LSD experience on a rooftop in San Francisco, I got thinking about, again, something that Fuller talked about, that a lot of people assume that the Earth is flat and kind of infinite in terms of its resources, but once you really grasp that it's a sphere and that there's only so much of it, then you start husbanding your resources and thinking about it as a finite system.	СБ: Так получилось, что весной 66-го года, благодаря эксперименту с ЛСД на крыше в Сан-Франциско, я начал думать о том, что Фуллер говорил, как думают многие, что Земля плоская и обладает неограниченными ресурсами, но как только осознаёшь, что она сферическая и что она у нас одна, начинаешь экономить ресурсы и видеть её как исчерпываемую систему.	en-ru
"Spaceship Earth" was his metaphor.	Le Vaisseau Terre était sa métaphore.	en-fr
And I wanted that to be the case, but on LSD I was getting higher and higher on my hundred micrograms on the roof of San Francisco, and noticed that the downtown buildings which were right in front of me were not all parallel, they were sort of fanned out like this.	Et j'ai voulu que ça soit le cas, mais sous LSD j'étais de plus en plus perché avec mes 100 microgrammes sur le toit de San Francisco et j'ai remarqué que les bâtiments qui étaient juste devant moi n'étaient pas parallèles du tout, ils étaient un peu déployés comme ça.	en-fr
And that's because they are on a curved surface.	Omdat ze op een gebogen oppervlak staan.	en-nl
And if I were even higher, I would see that even more clearly, higher than that, more clearly still, higher enough, and it would close, and you would get the circle of Earth from space.	Et si j'étais plus haut, je le verrais plus clairement, et encore plus haut, encore plus clairement, et si haut que ça serait proche, du cercle de la Terre vue de l'espace.	en-fr
And I thought, you know, we've been in space for 10 years -- at that time, this is '66 -- and the cameras had never looked back.	Y pensé que habíamos estado en el espacio durante 10 años, eso era por 1966, pero las cámaras nunca habían mirado hacia atrás,	en-es
They'd always been looking out or looking at just parts of the Earth.	Hep dışarıya doğru dönük olmuş veya Dünya'nın bazı yerlerine bakmış.	en-tr
And so I said, why haven't we seen a photograph of the whole Earth yet?	Je me suis dit : pourquoi n'a-t-on pas une photographie de la Terre entière ?	en-fr
And it went around and NASA got it and senators, secretaries got it, and various people in the Politburo got it, and it went around and around.	O tome se pročulo, stiglo je do NASA-e i senatora, sekretara i raznih ljudi iz Politbiroa, i kružilo je i kružilo.	en-sr
And within two and a half years, about the time the Whole Earth Catalog came out, these images started to appear, and indeed, they did transform everything.	En los siguientes dos años, cuando salió 'Whole Earth Catalog', estas imágenes empezaron a aparecer y, en efecto, transformaron todo.	en-es
And my idea of hacking civilization is that you try to do something lazy and ingenious and just sort of trick the situation.	Моя идея, как «взломать» цивилизацию, — это попытаться сделать что-то ленивое, но изобретательное, чтобы подстегнуть ситуацию.	en-ru
So all of these photographs that you see -- and then the march for science last week, they were carrying these Whole Earth banners and so on -- I did that with no work.	여러분들이 보고 계신 이 사진들이나 그리고 지난주 과학행진에서 사람들이 들고 다닌 지구가 그려진 플래카드 등.. 저는 고생 없이 그 모든 것을 해냈어요.	en-ko
I sold those buttons for 25 cents apiece.	그 배지를 개당 겨우 25센트에 팔았죠.	en-ko
So, you know, tweaking the system is, I think, not only the most efficient way to make the system go in interesting ways, but in some ways, the safest way, because when you try to horse the whole system around in a big way, you can get into big horsing-around problems, but if you tweak it, it will adjust to the tweak.	Поэтому корректировка системы, как мне кажется, не только самый действенный способ направить систему в интересных направлениях, но также и самый безопасный способ, потому что, если вы переворачиваете систему с ног на голову, вас может сильно занести, но если вы её корректируете, она будет подстраиваться.	en-ru
CA: So since then, among many other things, you've been regarded as a leading voice in the environmental movement, but you are also a counterculturalist, and recently, you've been taking on a lot of, well, you've been declaring what a lot of environmentalists almost believe are heresies.	CA: Bu arada siz, birçok diğer alanda olduğu gibi, çevre hareketinin de öncü isimlerden biri olarak anılıyorsunuz ama aynı zamanda bir karşı-kültürcüsünüz ve yakın zamanda sık sık şundan bahsediyorsunuz, daha doğrusu deklare ediyorsunuz, birçok çevrecinin inançlarının sapkınlıklar olduğunu söylüyorsunuz.	en-tr
I kind of want to explore a couple of those.	Bunlardan birkaç tanesini sizinle incelemek istiyorum.	en-tr
I mean, tell me about this image here.	Vertel eens wat over deze afbeelding.	en-nl
SB: Ha-ha!	SB: Ah, ah!	en-pt
That's a National Geographic image of what is called the mammoth steppe, what the far north, the sub-Arctic and Arctic region, used to look like.	这是国家地理杂志的图片，叫猛犸象大草原，在最北边，亚北极圈和北极圈地区，以前看上去是这样的。	en-zh-cn
In fact, the whole world used to look like that.	Antigamente, o mundo inteiro tinha este aspeto.	en-pt
What we find in South Africa and the Serengeti now, lots of big animals, was the case in this part of Canada, throughout the US, throughout Eurasia, throughout the world.	南アフリカやタンザニアのセレンゲティ国立公園で見るような大型動物がたくさんいる様子は昔カナダの一部やアメリカとユーラシア大陸全世界で見られたものだ	en-ja
This was the norm and can be again.	這就是以前的常態，它也能再次成為現代的常態。	en-zh-tw
So in a sense, my long-term goal at this point is to not only bring back those animals and the grassland they made, which could be a climate stabilization system over the long run, but even the mammoths there in the background that are part of the story.	所以某种意义上说，我目前的长期目标不仅是把那些动物带回来，还有曾经形成的草原。长远来看，草原可能会成为一个气候稳定系统。还有图片背景中的猛犸象，也是目标的一部分。	en-zh-cn
And I think that's probably a 200-year goal.	I mislim da je to verovatno dvestogodišnji cilj.	en-sr
Maybe in 100, by the end of this century, we should be able to dial down the extinction rate to sort of what it's been in the background.	多分 100年以内今世紀末には私たちは絶滅の速度を普通の動物のものくらいにまで遅らせることができるだろう	en-ja
Bringing back this amount of bio-abundance will take longer, but it's worth doing.	Ramener ce montant d'abondance prendra plus de temps, mais cela en vaut la peine.	en-fr
CA: We'll come back to the mammoths, but explain how we should think of extinctions.	CA: We komen terug op de mammoeten, maar leg eens uit hoe we moeten aankijken tegen het uitsterven.	en-nl
Obviously, one of the huge concerns right now is that extinction is happening at a faster rate than ever in history.	Obviamente, uma grande preocupação no momento é que a extinção vem acontecendo mais rápido que nunca na história.	en-pt-br
That's the meme that's out there.	この考えが一般的です	en-ja
How should we think of it?	Mit gondoljunk erről?	en-hu
SB: The story that's out there is that we're in the middle of the Sixth Extinction or maybe in the beginning of the Sixth Extinction.	SB: A história que se repete por aí é que estamos no meio da Sexta Extinção ou talvez no início da Sexta Extinção.	en-pt
Because we're in the de-extinction business, the preventing-extinction business with Revive & Restore, we started looking at what's actually going on with extinction.	Car nous sommes dans le mouvement de dés-extinction, de prévention des extinctions avec Revive & Restore, nous avons regardé ce qu'il en était vraiment de cette extinction.	en-fr
And it turns out, there's a very confused set of data out there which gets oversimplified into the narrative of we're becoming ...	E acontece que há uma variedade muito confusa de dados que é demasiadamente simplificada na narrativa que estamos nos tornando...	en-pt-br
Here are five mass extinctions that are indicated by the yellow triangles, and we're now next.	ここに黄色の三角で過去５回の大量絶滅が表されているが次の絶滅が迫っている	en-ja
The last one there on the far right was the meteor that struck 66 million years ago and did in the dinosaurs.	De laatste daar rechts was de meteoor die 66 miljoen jaar geleden de dinosauriërs de das omdeed.	en-nl
And the story is, we're the next meteor.	L'idée est que nous sommes le prochain météore.	en-fr
Well, here's the deal.	つまりこういうことだ	en-ja
I wound up researching this for a paper I wrote, that a mass extinction is when 75 percent of all the species in the world go extinct.	我為這個主題進行了一篇論文研究，物種滅絕的定義是全世界所有物種的 75% 都絕跡。	en-zh-tw
Well, there's on the order of five-and-a-half-million species, of which we've identified one and a half million.	Temos uma ordem de cinco milhões e meio de espécies das quais já identificámos um milhão e meio.	en-pt
Another 14,000 are being identified every year.	每年人類還會再辨視出 1 萬 4 千種。	en-zh-tw
There's a lot of biology going on out there.	Мир наполнен биологическим разнообразием.	en-ru
Since 1500, about 500 species have gone extinct, and you'll see the term "mass extinction" kind of used in strange ways.	Depuis 1500, à peu près 500 espèces se sont éteintes, et vous verrez l'expression « extinction de masse » utilisé d'une façon étrange.	en-fr
So there was, about a year and a half ago, a front-page story by Carl Zimmer in the New York Times, "Mass Extinction in the Oceans, Broad Studies Show."	Mintegy másfél éve jelent meg Carl Zimmer cikke a The New York Times címoldalán: <i>Tömeges kihalás az óceánokban – a széleskörű kutatások szerint</i>.	en-hu
And then you read into the article, and it mentions that since 1500, 15 species -- one, five -- have gone extinct in the oceans, and, oh, by the way, none in the last 50 years.	Uno lee el artículo y menciona que desde 1500 quince especies, quince, se han extinguido en los océanos y, por cierto, ninguna en los últimos 50 años.	en-es
And you read further into the story, and it's saying, the horrifying thing that's going on is that the fisheries are so overfishing the wild fishes, that it is taking down the fish populations in the oceans by 38 percent.	Als je verder leest, staat er dat het gruwelijke is dat de visserij de wilde vissen zo overbevist dat de vispopulaties in de oceanen met 38 procent zijn gedaald.	en-nl
That's the serious thing.	Eso es lo grave.	en-es
None of those species are probably going to go extinct.	하지만 그중 한 종도 실제로 멸종하진 않았습니다.	en-ko
So you've just put, that headline writer put a panic button on the top of the story.	Alors vous avez ce rédacteur qui met un bouton d'alarme dans le titre de son histoire.	en-fr
It's clickbait kind of stuff, but it's basically saying, "Oh my God, start panicking, we're going to lose all the species in the oceans."	Это заголовок-приманка, который говорит прямым текстом: «Боже мой, пора начать паниковать, мы потеряем все виды в океанах».	en-ru
Nothing like that is in prospect.	そんな見通しは全く無いんだが	en-ja
And in fact, what I then started looking into in a little more detail, the Red List shows about 23,000 species that are considered threatened at one level or another, coming from the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, the IUCN.	그리고 제가 더 연구하다가 찾은 사실인데요. 국제자연보호연맹, IUCN이 발표한 적색 목록에 의하면 약 23,000종이 1단계 이상의 멸종위기에 있다고 합니다.	en-ko
And Nature Magazine had a piece surveying the loss of wildlife, and it said, "If all of those 23,000 went extinct in the next century or so, and that rate of extinction carried on for more centuries and millennia, then we might be at the beginning of a sixth extinction.	야생의 피해에 관한 네이처의 기사에서는 같은 정보를 "이 모든 23,000종이 다음 세기까지 멸종하고 그리고 이 멸종속도가 다음 세기와 새천년까지 이어진다면 우리는 6차 대멸종을 마주한 것일지도 모른다"고 표현했습니다.	en-ko
So the exaggeration is way out of hand.	Het is dus allemaal nogal overdreven.	en-nl
But environmentalists always exaggerate.	Maar milieuactivisten overdrijven altijd.	en-nl
CA: I mean, they probably feel a moral responsibility to, because they care so much about the thing that they are looking at, and unless you bang the drum for it, maybe no one listens.	(アンダーソン) 活動家たちはおそらく道義的責任感を感じていてそれは目の前で起きていることを大切に思うからでしょうし大声を上げなければ誰も耳を貸そうとしませんからね	en-ja
SB: Every time somebody says moral this or moral that -- "moral hazard," "precautionary principle" -- these are terms that are used to basically say no to things.	SB: Telkens iemand met 'moreel' komt aandragen -- ‘Moreel gevaar’, ‘voorzorgsbeginsel’ -- dient dat om ergens ‘nee’ tegen te zeggen.	en-nl
CA: So the problem isn't so much fish extinction, animal extinction, it's fish flourishing, animal flourishing, that we're crowding them to some extent?	CA: Het gaat dus niet zozeer om het uitsterven van dieren, maar om het welzijn ervan, dat we ze nu een beetje in het nauw drijven?	en-nl
SB: Yeah, and I think we are crowding, and there is losses going on.	斯：是的，我们促进它们生长，同时造成了损失。	en-zh-cn
The major losses are caused by agriculture, and so anything that improves agriculture and basically makes it more condensed, more highly productive, including GMOs, please, but even if you want to do vertical farms in town, including inside farms, all the things that have been learned about how to grow pot in basements, is now being applied to growing vegetables inside containers -- that's great, that's all good stuff, because land sparing is the main thing we can do for nature.	Najveće gubitke uzrokuje zemljoradnja, pa sve što unapređuje zemljoradnju i zbog čega je ona zgusnutija, produktvnija, uključujući GMO, moliću lepo, ali čak iako želite vertikalnu zemljoradnju u gradu, kao i farme u zatvorenom, sve što smo naučili o uzgoju marihuane u podrumima trenutno se primenjuje na uzgoj povrća u saksijama - to je sjajno, to su sve sjajne stvari jer je ušteda zemljišta osnovno što možemo da uradimo za prirodu.	en-sr
People moving to cities is good.	Pessoas se mudando para cidades é bom.	en-pt-br
Making agriculture less of a destruction of the landscape is good.	Хорошо уменьшать масштабы разрушений ландшафта, наносимых сельским хозяйством.	en-ru
CA: There people talking about bringing back species, rewilding ...	КА: Ещё говорят о возвращении животных, о восстановлении дикой природы.	en-ru
Well, first of all, rewilding species: What's the story with these guys?	Давай начнём с животных. Что случилось с этими ребятами?	en-ru
SB: Ha-ha! Wolves.	SB: Haha! Wolven.	en-nl
Europe, connecting to the previous point, we're now at probably peak farmland, and, by the way, in terms of population, we are already at peak children being alive.	欧洲，联系到刚刚提到的观点，我们现在大概处于农耕顶峰时期。顺便一提，在人口方面，儿童占比已经达到峰值。	en-zh-cn
Henceforth, there will be fewer and fewer children.	Bu sebeple, çocuk sayıları azaldıkça azalacak.	en-tr
We are in the last doubling of human population, and it will get to nine, maybe nine and a half billion, and then start not just leveling off, but probably going down.	人口數量在做最後一次的翻倍，人口數可能會達到 90 或 95 億，接著不僅會開始趨緩，還可能會下降，	en-zh-tw
Likewise, farmland has now peaked, and one of the ways that plays out in Europe is there's a lot of abandoned farmland now, which immediately reforests.	Точно так же сельхозугодия сейчас достигли пика, и один из сценариев, разворачивающихся в Европе, заключается в том, что появилось много заброшенных участков, которые сразу превращаются в лес.	en-ru
They don't do wildlife corridors in Europe.	Ze hebben geen wildcorridors in Europa.	en-nl
They don't need to, because so many of these farms are connected that they've made reforested wildlife corridors, that the wolves are coming back, in this case, to Spain.	Não é preciso, porque há tantos destes terrenos interligados que se transformaram em corredores florestais de vida selvagem. Os lobos estão a regressar, neste caso, a Espanha.	en-pt
They've gotten all the way to the Netherlands.	Spanyolországba. Még Hollandiában is fölbukkantak.	en-hu
There's bears coming back. There's lynx coming back.	熊會回來，山貓會回來。	en-zh-tw
There's the European jackal. I had no idea such a thing existed.	Er is een Europese jakhals. Ik had geen idee dat die bestond.	en-nl
They're coming back from Italy to the rest of Europe.	Depuis l'Italie, ils essaiment dans le reste de l'Europe.	en-fr
And unlike here, these are all predators, which is kind of interesting.	Y a diferencia de aquí, todos son predadores, lo que es interesante.	en-es
They are being welcomed by Europeans. They've been missed.	欧州人たちは彼らとの再会を喜んでるよ	en-ja
CA: And counterintuitively, when you bring back the predators, it actually increases rather than reduces the diversity of the underlying ecosystem often.	CA: Ellentmondásos, hogy amikor a ragadozókat hozod vissza, az növeli, nem pedig csökkenti az alapvető ökorendszer sokrétűségét.	en-hu
SB: Yeah, generally predators and large animals -- large animals and large animals with sharp teeth and claws -- are turning out to be highly important for a really rich ecosystem.	SB: Sí, generalmente los predadores, animales grandes y animales grandes con dientes y garras afilados, han resultado muy importantes para crear un ecosistema realmente abundante.	en-es
CA: Which maybe brings us to this rather more dramatic rewilding project that you've got yourself involved in.	克：這就把我們帶到這個戲劇般的野化計畫，你也參與其中。	en-zh-tw
Why would someone want to bring back these terrifying woolly mammoths?	Pourquoi voudrait-on réintroduire ces terrifiants mammouths laineux ?	en-fr
SB: Hmm. Asian elephants are the closest relative to the woolly mammoth, and they're about the same size, genetically very close.	SB: Asya Filleri tüylü mamutun en yakın akrabasıdır ve yaklaşık olarak aynı boyuttalar, genetik olarak çok yakınlar.	en-tr
They diverged quite recently in evolutionary history.	在演化史上，牠們到很近期才分開。	en-zh-tw
The Asian elephants are closer to woolly mammoths than they are to African elephants, but they're close enough to African elephants that they have successfully hybridized.	Os elefantes asiáticos são mais próximos dos mamutes que dos elefantes africanos, mas são próximos o suficiente dos elefantes africanos que foram hibridizados com sucesso.	en-pt-br
So we're working with George Church at Harvard, who has already moved the genes for four major traits from the now well-preserved, well-studied genome of the woolly mammoth, thanks to so-called "ancient DNA analysis."	Alors nous travaillons avec George Church à Harvard, qui a déjà inséré les gènes de quatre traits majeurs du génome très préservé et très étudié du mammouth laineux, grâce à ce que l'on appelle l'analyse d'ADN ancestral.	en-fr
And in the lab, he has moved those genes into living Asian elephant cell lines, where they're taking up their proper place thanks to CRISPR.	No laboratório, passou esses genes para células de elefantes asiáticos vivos onde eles estão a ocupar o devido lugar graças ao CRISPR.	en-pt
I mean, they're not shooting the genes in like you did with genetic engineering.	Ou seja, não se está a injetar os genes como se faz na engenharia genética.	en-pt
Now with CRISPR you're editing, basically, one allele, and replacing it in the place of another allele.	이 도구를 사용하면 형질 하나를 편집하거나 다른 형질로 교체할 수도 있습니다.	en-ko
So you're now getting basically Asian elephant germline cells that are effectively in terms of the traits that you're going for to be comfortable in the Arctic, you're getting them in there.	Zo krijg je kiembaancellen van de Aziatische olifant die effectief zijn voor de eigenschappen die je wil om aangepast te zijn aan het noordpoolgebied, je krijgt ze precies daar.	en-nl
So we go through the process of getting that through a surrogate mother, an Asian elephant mother.	Así que pasamos por el proceso de introducirlas a través de la madre sustituta, que es una elefanta asiática.	en-es
You can get a proxy, as it's being called by conservation biologists, of the woolly mammoth, that is effectively a hairy, curly-trunked, Asian elephant that is perfectly comfortable in the sub-Arctic.	保育生物学家们称之为代理孕母，猛犸象的代理孕母实际上是一只长毛卷鼻的亚洲象，可以完全适应在亚北极圈的生活。	en-zh-cn
Now, it's the case, so many people say, "Well, how are you going to get them there?	Ahora, mucha gente pregunta: "¿Cómo los vas a llevar allá?	en-es
And Asian elephants, they don't like snow, right?"	Azijski slonovi ne vole sneg, zar ne?"	en-sr
Well, it turns out, they do like snow.	Acontece que eles gostam.	en-pt-br
There's some in an Ontario zoo that have made snowballs bigger than people.	온타리오 동물원에 몇 마리가 있는데 사람보다 큰 눈덩이들을 만들었습니다.	en-ko
They just love -- you know, with a trunk, you can start a little thing, roll it and make it bigger.	Adoram, e com a tromba podem começar com uma coisa pequena, fazê-la rebolar e aumentar.	en-pt
And then people say, "Yeah, but it's 22 months of gestation.	Depois, as pessoas dizem: "Mas são 22 meses de gestação.	en-pt

So the efficient thing to do if you want to make the world better is not try to make people behave differently like the New Left was, but just give them tools that go in the right direction.

如果你想讓世界變得更好，那有效的做法並不是讓人們像新左派那樣做出奇怪的舉動，而只需給他們朝向正確方向的工具。

en-zh-tw

That was the Whole Earth Catalog.

Dat was de Whole Earth Catalog.

en-nl

CA: And Stewart, the central image -- this is one of the first images, the first time people had seen Earth from outer space.

CA : Stewart, l'image centrale... C'est une des premières images, la première fois où on voit la Terre depuis l'espace.

en-fr

That had an impact, too.

それも画期的でしたよね

en-ja

SB: It was kind of a chance that in the spring of '66, thanks to an LSD experience on a rooftop in San Francisco, I got thinking about, again, something that Fuller talked about, that a lot of people assume that the Earth is flat and kind of infinite in terms of its resources, but once you really grasp that it's a sphere and that there's only so much of it, then you start husbanding your resources and thinking about it as a finite system.

СБ: Так получилось, что весной 66-го года, благодаря эксперименту с ЛСД на крыше в Сан-Франциско, я начал думать о том, что Фуллер говорил, как думают многие, что Земля плоская и обладает неограниченными ресурсами, но как только осознаёшь, что она сферическая и что она у нас одна, начинаешь экономить ресурсы и видеть её как исчерпываемую систему.

en-ru

"Spaceship Earth" was his metaphor.

Le Vaisseau Terre était sa métaphore.

en-fr

And I wanted that to be the case, but on LSD I was getting higher and higher on my hundred micrograms on the roof of San Francisco, and noticed that the downtown buildings which were right in front of me were not all parallel, they were sort of fanned out like this.

Et j'ai voulu que ça soit le cas, mais sous LSD j'étais de plus en plus perché avec mes 100 microgrammes sur le toit de San Francisco et j'ai remarqué que les bâtiments qui étaient juste devant moi n'étaient pas parallèles du tout, ils étaient un peu déployés comme ça.

en-fr

And that's because they are on a curved surface.

Omdat ze op een gebogen oppervlak staan.

en-nl

And if I were even higher, I would see that even more clearly, higher than that, more clearly still, higher enough, and it would close, and you would get the circle of Earth from space.

Et si j'étais plus haut, je le verrais plus clairement, et encore plus haut, encore plus clairement, et si haut que ça serait proche, du cercle de la Terre vue de l'espace.

en-fr

And I thought, you know, we've been in space for 10 years -- at that time, this is '66 -- and the cameras had never looked back.

Y pensé que habíamos estado en el espacio durante 10 años, eso era por 1966, pero las cámaras nunca habían mirado hacia atrás,

en-es

They'd always been looking out or looking at just parts of the Earth.

Hep dışarıya doğru dönük olmuş veya Dünya'nın bazı yerlerine bakmış.

en-tr

And so I said, why haven't we seen a photograph of the whole Earth yet?

Je me suis dit : pourquoi n'a-t-on pas une photographie de la Terre entière ?

en-fr

And it went around and NASA got it and senators, secretaries got it, and various people in the Politburo got it, and it went around and around.

O tome se pročulo, stiglo je do NASA-e i senatora, sekretara i raznih ljudi iz Politbiroa, i kružilo je i kružilo.

en-sr

And within two and a half years, about the time the Whole Earth Catalog came out, these images started to appear, and indeed, they did transform everything.

En los siguientes dos años, cuando salió 'Whole Earth Catalog', estas imágenes empezaron a aparecer y, en efecto, transformaron todo.

en-es

And my idea of hacking civilization is that you try to do something lazy and ingenious and just sort of trick the situation.

Моя идея, как «взломать» цивилизацию, — это попытаться сделать что-то ленивое, но изобретательное, чтобы подстегнуть ситуацию.

en-ru

So all of these photographs that you see -- and then the march for science last week, they were carrying these Whole Earth banners and so on -- I did that with no work.

여러분들이 보고 계신 이 사진들이나 그리고 지난주 과학행진에서 사람들이 들고 다닌 지구가 그려진 플래카드 등.. 저는 고생 없이 그 모든 것을 해냈어요.

en-ko

I sold those buttons for 25 cents apiece.

그 배지를 개당 겨우 25센트에 팔았죠.

en-ko

So, you know, tweaking the system is, I think, not only the most efficient way to make the system go in interesting ways, but in some ways, the safest way, because when you try to horse the whole system around in a big way, you can get into big horsing-around problems, but if you tweak it, it will adjust to the tweak.

Поэтому корректировка системы, как мне кажется, не только самый действенный способ направить систему в интересных направлениях, но также и самый безопасный способ, потому что, если вы переворачиваете систему с ног на голову, вас может сильно занести, но если вы её корректируете, она будет подстраиваться.

en-ru

CA: So since then, among many other things, you've been regarded as a leading voice in the environmental movement, but you are also a counterculturalist, and recently, you've been taking on a lot of, well, you've been declaring what a lot of environmentalists almost believe are heresies.

CA: Bu arada siz, birçok diğer alanda olduğu gibi, çevre hareketinin de öncü isimlerden biri olarak anılıyorsunuz ama aynı zamanda bir karşı-kültürcüsünüz ve yakın zamanda sık sık şundan bahsediyorsunuz, daha doğrusu deklare ediyorsunuz, birçok çevrecinin inançlarının sapkınlıklar olduğunu söylüyorsunuz.

en-tr

I kind of want to explore a couple of those.

Bunlardan birkaç tanesini sizinle incelemek istiyorum.

en-tr

I mean, tell me about this image here.

Vertel eens wat over deze afbeelding.

en-nl

SB: Ha-ha!

SB: Ah, ah!

en-pt

That's a National Geographic image of what is called the mammoth steppe, what the far north, the sub-Arctic and Arctic region, used to look like.

这是国家地理杂志的图片，叫猛犸象大草原，在最北边，亚北极圈和北极圈地区，以前看上去是这样的。

en-zh-cn

In fact, the whole world used to look like that.

Antigamente, o mundo inteiro tinha este aspeto.

en-pt

What we find in South Africa and the Serengeti now, lots of big animals, was the case in this part of Canada, throughout the US, throughout Eurasia, throughout the world.

南アフリカやタンザニアのセレンゲティ国立公園で見るような大型動物がたくさんいる様子は昔カナダの一部やアメリカとユーラシア大陸全世界で見られたものだ

en-ja

This was the norm and can be again.

這就是以前的常態，它也能再次成為現代的常態。

en-zh-tw

So in a sense, my long-term goal at this point is to not only bring back those animals and the grassland they made, which could be a climate stabilization system over the long run, but even the mammoths there in the background that are part of the story.

所以某种意义上说，我目前的长期目标不仅是把那些动物带回来，还有曾经形成的草原。长远来看，草原可能会成为一个气候稳定系统。还有图片背景中的猛犸象，也是目标的一部分。

en-zh-cn

And I think that's probably a 200-year goal.

I mislim da je to verovatno dvestogodišnji cilj.

en-sr

Maybe in 100, by the end of this century, we should be able to dial down the extinction rate to sort of what it's been in the background.

多分 100年以内今世紀末には私たちは絶滅の速度を普通の動物のものくらいにまで遅らせることができるだろう

en-ja

Bringing back this amount of bio-abundance will take longer, but it's worth doing.

Ramener ce montant d'abondance prendra plus de temps, mais cela en vaut la peine.

en-fr

CA: We'll come back to the mammoths, but explain how we should think of extinctions.

CA: We komen terug op de mammoeten, maar leg eens uit hoe we moeten aankijken tegen het uitsterven.

en-nl

Obviously, one of the huge concerns right now is that extinction is happening at a faster rate than ever in history.

Obviamente, uma grande preocupação no momento é que a extinção vem acontecendo mais rápido que nunca na história.

en-pt-br

That's the meme that's out there.

この考えが一般的です

en-ja

How should we think of it?

Mit gondoljunk erről?

en-hu

SB: The story that's out there is that we're in the middle of the Sixth Extinction or maybe in the beginning of the Sixth Extinction.

SB: A história que se repete por aí é que estamos no meio da Sexta Extinção ou talvez no início da Sexta Extinção.

en-pt

Because we're in the de-extinction business, the preventing-extinction business with Revive & Restore, we started looking at what's actually going on with extinction.

Car nous sommes dans le mouvement de dés-extinction, de prévention des extinctions avec Revive & Restore, nous avons regardé ce qu'il en était vraiment de cette extinction.

en-fr

And it turns out, there's a very confused set of data out there which gets oversimplified into the narrative of we're becoming ...

E acontece que há uma variedade muito confusa de dados que é demasiadamente simplificada na narrativa que estamos nos tornando...

en-pt-br

Here are five mass extinctions that are indicated by the yellow triangles, and we're now next.

ここに黄色の三角で過去５回の大量絶滅が表されているが次の絶滅が迫っている

en-ja

The last one there on the far right was the meteor that struck 66 million years ago and did in the dinosaurs.

De laatste daar rechts was de meteoor die 66 miljoen jaar geleden de dinosauriërs de das omdeed.

en-nl

And the story is, we're the next meteor.

L'idée est que nous sommes le prochain météore.

en-fr

Well, here's the deal.

つまりこういうことだ

en-ja

I wound up researching this for a paper I wrote, that a mass extinction is when 75 percent of all the species in the world go extinct.

我為這個主題進行了一篇論文研究，物種滅絕的定義是全世界所有物種的 75% 都絕跡。

en-zh-tw

Well, there's on the order of five-and-a-half-million species, of which we've identified one and a half million.

Temos uma ordem de cinco milhões e meio de espécies das quais já identificámos um milhão e meio.

en-pt

Another 14,000 are being identified every year.

每年人類還會再辨視出 1 萬 4 千種。

en-zh-tw

There's a lot of biology going on out there.

Мир наполнен биологическим разнообразием.

en-ru

Since 1500, about 500 species have gone extinct, and you'll see the term "mass extinction" kind of used in strange ways.

Depuis 1500, à peu près 500 espèces se sont éteintes, et vous verrez l'expression « extinction de masse » utilisé d'une façon étrange.

en-fr

So there was, about a year and a half ago, a front-page story by Carl Zimmer in the New York Times, "Mass Extinction in the Oceans, Broad Studies Show."

Mintegy másfél éve jelent meg Carl Zimmer cikke a The New York Times címoldalán: <i>Tömeges kihalás az óceánokban – a széleskörű kutatások szerint</i>.

en-hu

And then you read into the article, and it mentions that since 1500, 15 species -- one, five -- have gone extinct in the oceans, and, oh, by the way, none in the last 50 years.

Uno lee el artículo y menciona que desde 1500 quince especies, quince, se han extinguido en los océanos y, por cierto, ninguna en los últimos 50 años.

en-es

And you read further into the story, and it's saying, the horrifying thing that's going on is that the fisheries are so overfishing the wild fishes, that it is taking down the fish populations in the oceans by 38 percent.

Als je verder leest, staat er dat het gruwelijke is dat de visserij de wilde vissen zo overbevist dat de vispopulaties in de oceanen met 38 procent zijn gedaald.

en-nl

That's the serious thing.

Eso es lo grave.

en-es

None of those species are probably going to go extinct.

하지만 그중 한 종도 실제로 멸종하진 않았습니다.

en-ko

So you've just put, that headline writer put a panic button on the top of the story.

Alors vous avez ce rédacteur qui met un bouton d'alarme dans le titre de son histoire.

en-fr

It's clickbait kind of stuff, but it's basically saying, "Oh my God, start panicking, we're going to lose all the species in the oceans."

Это заголовок-приманка, который говорит прямым текстом: «Боже мой, пора начать паниковать, мы потеряем все виды в океанах».

en-ru

Nothing like that is in prospect.

そんな見通しは全く無いんだが

en-ja

And in fact, what I then started looking into in a little more detail, the Red List shows about 23,000 species that are considered threatened at one level or another, coming from the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, the IUCN.

그리고 제가 더 연구하다가 찾은 사실인데요. 국제자연보호연맹, IUCN이 발표한 적색 목록에 의하면 약 23,000종이 1단계 이상의 멸종위기에 있다고 합니다.

en-ko

And Nature Magazine had a piece surveying the loss of wildlife, and it said, "If all of those 23,000 went extinct in the next century or so, and that rate of extinction carried on for more centuries and millennia, then we might be at the beginning of a sixth extinction.

야생의 피해에 관한 네이처의 기사에서는 같은 정보를 "이 모든 23,000종이 다음 세기까지 멸종하고 그리고 이 멸종속도가 다음 세기와 새천년까지 이어진다면 우리는 6차 대멸종을 마주한 것일지도 모른다"고 표현했습니다.

en-ko

So the exaggeration is way out of hand.

Het is dus allemaal nogal overdreven.

en-nl

But environmentalists always exaggerate.

Maar milieuactivisten overdrijven altijd.

en-nl

CA: I mean, they probably feel a moral responsibility to, because they care so much about the thing that they are looking at, and unless you bang the drum for it, maybe no one listens.

(アンダーソン) 活動家たちはおそらく道義的責任感を感じていてそれは目の前で起きていることを大切に思うからでしょうし大声を上げなければ誰も耳を貸そうとしませんからね

en-ja

SB: Every time somebody says moral this or moral that -- "moral hazard," "precautionary principle" -- these are terms that are used to basically say no to things.

SB: Telkens iemand met 'moreel' komt aandragen -- ‘Moreel gevaar’, ‘voorzorgsbeginsel’ -- dient dat om ergens ‘nee’ tegen te zeggen.

en-nl

CA: So the problem isn't so much fish extinction, animal extinction, it's fish flourishing, animal flourishing, that we're crowding them to some extent?

CA: Het gaat dus niet zozeer om het uitsterven van dieren, maar om het welzijn ervan, dat we ze nu een beetje in het nauw drijven?

en-nl

SB: Yeah, and I think we are crowding, and there is losses going on.

斯：是的，我们促进它们生长，同时造成了损失。

en-zh-cn

The major losses are caused by agriculture, and so anything that improves agriculture and basically makes it more condensed, more highly productive, including GMOs, please, but even if you want to do vertical farms in town, including inside farms, all the things that have been learned about how to grow pot in basements, is now being applied to growing vegetables inside containers -- that's great, that's all good stuff, because land sparing is the main thing we can do for nature.

Najveće gubitke uzrokuje zemljoradnja, pa sve što unapređuje zemljoradnju i zbog čega je ona zgusnutija, produktvnija, uključujući GMO, moliću lepo, ali čak iako želite vertikalnu zemljoradnju u gradu, kao i farme u zatvorenom, sve što smo naučili o uzgoju marihuane u podrumima trenutno se primenjuje na uzgoj povrća u saksijama - to je sjajno, to su sve sjajne stvari jer je ušteda zemljišta osnovno što možemo da uradimo za prirodu.

en-sr

People moving to cities is good.

Pessoas se mudando para cidades é bom.

en-pt-br

Making agriculture less of a destruction of the landscape is good.

Хорошо уменьшать масштабы разрушений ландшафта, наносимых сельским хозяйством.

en-ru

CA: There people talking about bringing back species, rewilding ...

КА: Ещё говорят о возвращении животных, о восстановлении дикой природы.

en-ru

Well, first of all, rewilding species: What's the story with these guys?

Давай начнём с животных. Что случилось с этими ребятами?

en-ru

SB: Ha-ha! Wolves.

SB: Haha! Wolven.

en-nl

Europe, connecting to the previous point, we're now at probably peak farmland, and, by the way, in terms of population, we are already at peak children being alive.

欧洲，联系到刚刚提到的观点，我们现在大概处于农耕顶峰时期。顺便一提，在人口方面，儿童占比已经达到峰值。

en-zh-cn

Henceforth, there will be fewer and fewer children.

Bu sebeple, çocuk sayıları azaldıkça azalacak.

en-tr

We are in the last doubling of human population, and it will get to nine, maybe nine and a half billion, and then start not just leveling off, but probably going down.

人口數量在做最後一次的翻倍，人口數可能會達到 90 或 95 億，接著不僅會開始趨緩，還可能會下降，

en-zh-tw

Likewise, farmland has now peaked, and one of the ways that plays out in Europe is there's a lot of abandoned farmland now, which immediately reforests.

Точно так же сельхозугодия сейчас достигли пика, и один из сценариев, разворачивающихся в Европе, заключается в том, что появилось много заброшенных участков, которые сразу превращаются в лес.

en-ru

They don't do wildlife corridors in Europe.

Ze hebben geen wildcorridors in Europa.

en-nl

They don't need to, because so many of these farms are connected that they've made reforested wildlife corridors, that the wolves are coming back, in this case, to Spain.

Não é preciso, porque há tantos destes terrenos interligados que se transformaram em corredores florestais de vida selvagem. Os lobos estão a regressar, neste caso, a Espanha.

en-pt

They've gotten all the way to the Netherlands.

Spanyolországba. Még Hollandiában is fölbukkantak.

en-hu

There's bears coming back. There's lynx coming back.

熊會回來，山貓會回來。

en-zh-tw

There's the European jackal. I had no idea such a thing existed.

Er is een Europese jakhals. Ik had geen idee dat die bestond.

en-nl

They're coming back from Italy to the rest of Europe.

Depuis l'Italie, ils essaiment dans le reste de l'Europe.

en-fr

And unlike here, these are all predators, which is kind of interesting.

Y a diferencia de aquí, todos son predadores, lo que es interesante.

en-es

They are being welcomed by Europeans. They've been missed.

欧州人たちは彼らとの再会を喜んでるよ

en-ja

CA: And counterintuitively, when you bring back the predators, it actually increases rather than reduces the diversity of the underlying ecosystem often.

CA: Ellentmondásos, hogy amikor a ragadozókat hozod vissza, az növeli, nem pedig csökkenti az alapvető ökorendszer sokrétűségét.

en-hu

SB: Yeah, generally predators and large animals -- large animals and large animals with sharp teeth and claws -- are turning out to be highly important for a really rich ecosystem.

SB: Sí, generalmente los predadores, animales grandes y animales grandes con dientes y garras afilados, han resultado muy importantes para crear un ecosistema realmente abundante.

en-es

CA: Which maybe brings us to this rather more dramatic rewilding project that you've got yourself involved in.

克：這就把我們帶到這個戲劇般的野化計畫，你也參與其中。

en-zh-tw

Why would someone want to bring back these terrifying woolly mammoths?

Pourquoi voudrait-on réintroduire ces terrifiants mammouths laineux ?

en-fr

SB: Hmm. Asian elephants are the closest relative to the woolly mammoth, and they're about the same size, genetically very close.

SB: Asya Filleri tüylü mamutun en yakın akrabasıdır ve yaklaşık olarak aynı boyuttalar, genetik olarak çok yakınlar.

en-tr

They diverged quite recently in evolutionary history.

在演化史上，牠們到很近期才分開。

en-zh-tw

The Asian elephants are closer to woolly mammoths than they are to African elephants, but they're close enough to African elephants that they have successfully hybridized.

Os elefantes asiáticos são mais próximos dos mamutes que dos elefantes africanos, mas são próximos o suficiente dos elefantes africanos que foram hibridizados com sucesso.

en-pt-br

So we're working with George Church at Harvard, who has already moved the genes for four major traits from the now well-preserved, well-studied genome of the woolly mammoth, thanks to so-called "ancient DNA analysis."

Alors nous travaillons avec George Church à Harvard, qui a déjà inséré les gènes de quatre traits majeurs du génome très préservé et très étudié du mammouth laineux, grâce à ce que l'on appelle l'analyse d'ADN ancestral.

en-fr

And in the lab, he has moved those genes into living Asian elephant cell lines, where they're taking up their proper place thanks to CRISPR.

No laboratório, passou esses genes para células de elefantes asiáticos vivos onde eles estão a ocupar o devido lugar graças ao CRISPR.

en-pt

I mean, they're not shooting the genes in like you did with genetic engineering.

Ou seja, não se está a injetar os genes como se faz na engenharia genética.

en-pt

Now with CRISPR you're editing, basically, one allele, and replacing it in the place of another allele.

이 도구를 사용하면 형질 하나를 편집하거나 다른 형질로 교체할 수도 있습니다.

en-ko

So you're now getting basically Asian elephant germline cells that are effectively in terms of the traits that you're going for to be comfortable in the Arctic, you're getting them in there.

Zo krijg je kiembaancellen van de Aziatische olifant die effectief zijn voor de eigenschappen die je wil om aangepast te zijn aan het noordpoolgebied, je krijgt ze precies daar.

en-nl

So we go through the process of getting that through a surrogate mother, an Asian elephant mother.

Así que pasamos por el proceso de introducirlas a través de la madre sustituta, que es una elefanta asiática.

en-es

You can get a proxy, as it's being called by conservation biologists, of the woolly mammoth, that is effectively a hairy, curly-trunked, Asian elephant that is perfectly comfortable in the sub-Arctic.

保育生物学家们称之为代理孕母，猛犸象的代理孕母实际上是一只长毛卷鼻的亚洲象，可以完全适应在亚北极圈的生活。

en-zh-cn

Now, it's the case, so many people say, "Well, how are you going to get them there?

Ahora, mucha gente pregunta: "¿Cómo los vas a llevar allá?

en-es

And Asian elephants, they don't like snow, right?"

Azijski slonovi ne vole sneg, zar ne?"

en-sr

Well, it turns out, they do like snow.

Acontece que eles gostam.

en-pt-br

There's some in an Ontario zoo that have made snowballs bigger than people.

온타리오 동물원에 몇 마리가 있는데 사람보다 큰 눈덩이들을 만들었습니다.

en-ko

They just love -- you know, with a trunk, you can start a little thing, roll it and make it bigger.

Adoram, e com a tromba podem começar com uma coisa pequena, fazê-la rebolar e aumentar.

en-pt

And then people say, "Yeah, but it's 22 months of gestation.

Depois, as pessoas dizem: "Mas são 22 meses de gestação.

en-pt