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Providing individuality at scale is a challenge that most consumer-facing businesses encounter.
大規模提供個性化服務, 是大部分要面對消費者的 企業會遇到的挑戰。
en-zh-tw
So being able to tackle this while also providing an environmentally friendly product could lead to a pretty seismic industry shift.
Достижение этой цели, создавая при этом экологически чистый продукт, может привести к фундаментальным переменам в производстве.
en-ru
And at that point, it's not just about doing what's best for our environment but also what's best for the bottom line.
В результате это будет лучшее решение не только для окружающей среды, но и для всего остального.
en-ru
There's no fix-all, and there's no one-step solution.
Non esiste un'unica soluzione.
en-it
But we can get started by designing clothes with their death in mind.
Możemy zacząć od tego, że pomyślimy o "śmierci" ubrania przy jego projektowaniu.
en-pl
The fashion industry is the perfect industry to experiment with and embrace change that can one day get us to the sustainable future we so desperately need.
Moda endüstrisi, bize muhtaç olduğumuz sürdürülebilir geleceği sunacak değişimi denemek ve benimsemek için harika bir endüstri.
en-tr
So I'm going to speak about a problem that I have and that's that I'm a philosopher.
Bien. Je vais vous parler d'un de mes problèmes : c'est que je suis philosophe.
en-fr
(Laughter) When I go to a party and people ask me what do I do and I say, "I'm a professor," their eyes glaze over.
(γέλια) Όταν πηγαίνω σε ένα πάρτι και με ρωτάνε τι κάνω και απαντάω "είμαι καθηγητής" τα μάτια τους παγώνουν.
en-el
When I go to an academic cocktail party and there are all the professors around, they ask me what field I'm in and I say, "philosophy" -- their eyes glaze over.
Când merg la un cocktail universitar unde sunt înconjurat de profesori, ei mă întreabă în ce domeniu lucrez și eu răspund "filozofie" - licărirea de interes din privire le dispare.
en-ro
(Laughter) When I go to a philosopher's party (Laughter) and they ask me what I work on and I say, "consciousness," their eyes don't glaze over -- their lips curl into a snarl.
(Smích) Když jdu na večírek filosofů (Smích) a oni se mě ptají, na čem pracuji, a já odpovím, že na "vědomí", jejich oči nepohasnou -- zkroutí se jim rty.
en-cs
(Laughter) And I get hoots of derision and cackles and growls because they think, "That's impossible! You can't explain consciousness."
(Nevetés) Kiabálnak, kigúnyolnak, kinevetnek, morognak mert arra gondolnak: "Ez lehetetlen! Nem lehet megmagyarázni a tudatot."
en-hu
The very chutzpah of somebody thinking that you could explain consciousness is just out of the question.
¡Qué descaro de que alguien crea que se puede explicar la conciencia cuando es totalmente imposible!
en-es
My late, lamented friend Bob Nozick, a fine philosopher, in one of his books, "Philosophical Explanations," is commenting on the ethos of philosophy -- the way philosophers go about their business.
Mon regretté ami, Bob Nozick, un philosophe de talent, dans l'un de ses livres, "Philosophical Explanations", commente l'attitude usuelle des philosophes -- la façon dont ils mènent leur job.
en-fr
And he says, you know, "Philosophers love rational argument."
Y dice, saben, "los filósofos aman la argumentación racional".
en-es
And he says, "It seems as if the ideal argument for most philosophers is you give your audience the premises and then you give them the inferences and the conclusion, and if they don't accept the conclusion, they die.
"Parece que o argumento ideal para a maioria dos filósofos é dar à audiência o contexto e depois dar os detalhes e a conclusão, e se eles não aceitam a conclusão, então morrem.
en-pt
Their heads explode." The idea is to have an argument that is so powerful that it knocks out your opponents.
Felrobban a fejük. "Az ideális az, ha olyan érvünk van, ami annyira erős, hogy ledönti az ellenfelet a lábáról.
en-hu
But in fact that doesn't change people's minds at all.
Pero la verdad es que eso no cambia la opinión de la gente para nada.
en-es
It's very hard to change people's minds about something like consciousness, and I finally figured out the reason for that.
Nagyon nehéz megváltoztatni az emberek véleményét valami olyasmiről, mint a tudat, és végre rájöttem ennek az okára.
en-hu
The reason for that is that everybody's an expert on consciousness.
De reden is dat iedereen een expert is inzake bewustzijn.
en-nl
We heard the other day that everybody's got a strong opinion about video games.
Beberapa waktu lalu kita dengar bahwa banyak orang punya opini yang kuat tentang permainan video.
en-id
They all have an idea for a video game, even if they're not experts.
Todos tienen una idea para un videojuego, aunque no sean expertos.
en-es
But they don't consider themselves experts on video games; they've just got strong opinions.
也不認為自己是電玩專家 卻都很有自己的看法
en-zh-tw
I'm sure that people here who work on, say, climate change and global warming, or on the future of the Internet, encounter people who have very strong opinions about what's going to happen next.
Je suis persuadé que les gens d'ici qui travaillent sur, disons, le changement climatique et le réchauffement planétaire, ou sur l'avenir d'internet, ont l'habitude de rencontrer des gens qui ont leur avis sur ce qui va arriver dans la suite.
en-fr
But they probably don't think of these opinions as expertise.
Pravděpodobně však tyto názory nepovažují za odborné poznatky.
en-cs
They're just strongly held opinions.
Après tout ce ne sont que opinions, même si elles sont bien marquées.
en-fr
But with regard to consciousness, people seem to think, each of us seems to think, "I am an expert.
Αλλά σε σχέση με τη συνείδηση, οι άνθρωποι νομίζουν, ο καθένας μας νομίζει, "Είμαι ειδικός.
en-el
Simply by being conscious, I know all about this."
Pusztán azért, mert tudatos vagyok, mindent tudok erről."
en-hu
And so, you tell them your theory and they say, "No, no, that's not the way consciousness is!
En dus vertel je hen je theorie en dan zeggen ze: "Nee, nee, dat is niet hoe bewustzijn werkt!
en-nl
No, you've got it all wrong."
당신은 완전히 틀렸어"라고들 말합니다.
en-ko
And they say this with an amazing confidence.
と 彼らは驚くべき自信をもって言うのです
en-ja
And so what I'm going to try to do today is to shake your confidence. Because I know the feeling -- I can feel it myself.
I ono što ću ja pokušati da uradim danas jeste da uzdrmam vaše samopouzdanje. Zato što mi je poznato to osećanje -- imam ga i ja.
en-sr
I want to shake your confidence that you know your own innermost minds -- that you are, yourselves, authoritative about your own consciousness.
Quero chacoalhar sua confiança de que você conhece sua mente mais profunda -- que você é, você mesmo, autoridade sobre sua própria consciência
en-pt-br
That's the order of the day here.
To je glavni današnji zadatak ovde.
en-sr
Now, this nice picture shows a thought-balloon, a thought-bubble.
Sada, ova fina slika pokazuje jedan misaoni balončić.
en-sr
I think everybody understands what that means.
皆さんこれが何を意味するかわかりますね
en-ja
That's supposed to exhibit the stream of consciousness.
Ona bi trebalo da prikaže jedan misaoni tok.
en-sr
This is my favorite picture of consciousness that's ever been done.
Ini adalah gambar favorit saya tentang kesadaran, yang pernah dibuat.
en-id
It's a Saul Steinberg of course -- it was a New Yorker cover.
Természetesen ez egy Saul Steinberg -- egy New Yorker címlap volt.
en-hu
And this fellow here is looking at the painting by Braque.
这个人是在看 Braque 的画。
en-zh-cn
That reminds him of the word baroque, barrack, bark, poodle, Suzanne R. -- he's off to the races.
Gli fa tornare alla mente la parola barocco, baracca, barboncino, Suzanne R. - lui ce l'ha fatta.
en-it
There's a wonderful stream of consciousness here and if you follow it along, you learn a lot about this man.
기가 막힌 의식의 흐름이죠. 계속 따라가다 보면, 이 사람에 대해 많은 걸 알게 됩니다.
en-ko
What I particularly like about this picture, too, is that Steinberg has rendered the guy in this sort of pointillist style.
Amit kifejezetten szeretek ebben a képben, hogy Steinberg a férfit pointillista stílusban festette meg.
en-hu
Which reminds us, as Rod Brooks was saying yesterday: what we are, what each of us is -- what you are, what I am -- is approximately 100 trillion little cellular robots.
Što nas podseća, kako je Rod Bruks rekao juče: ono šta smo mi, šta je svako od nas -- šta si ti, šta sam ja -- je približno oko 100 triliona malih ćelija-robota.
en-sr
That's what we're made of.
מזה אנו עשויים.
en-he
No other ingredients at all. We're just made of cells, about 100 trillion of them.
没有任何其他成分。我们就是细胞组成的,约一万亿亿个。
en-zh-cn
Not a single one of those cells is conscious; not a single one of those cells knows who you are, or cares.
Ни одна из этих клеток не имеет сознания, ни одна из этих клеток не знает, кто мы есть, и не интересуется этим.
en-ru
Somehow, we have to explain how when you put together teams, armies, battalions of hundreds of millions of little robotic unconscious cells -- not so different really from a bacterium, each one of them -- the result is this. I mean, just look at it.
Op één of andere manier moeten we verklaren hoe het komt dat als je teams, legers, battaljons van honderden miljoenen kleine onbewuste robotcellen -- niet echt verschillend van een bacterie, stuk voor stuk -- samen zet het resultaat dan dit is. Ik bedoel, bekijk het eens.
en-nl
The content -- there's color, there's ideas, there's memories, there's history. And somehow all that content of consciousness is accomplished by the busy activity of those hoards of neurons.
看這些內容-有顏色、有想法、有回憶 也有歷史。這些意識的內容 似乎都來自忙碌活動中的神經元-怎會如此?
en-zh-tw
How is that possible? Many people just think it isn't possible at all.
Jak je to možné? Mnozí lidé si myslí, že to vůbec možné není.
en-cs
They think, "No, there can't be any sort of naturalistic explanation of consciousness."
Ei cred, "Nu, nu poate fi dată nici o explicație de tip naturalist pentru starea de conștiență".
en-ro
This is a lovely book by a friend of mine named Lee Siegel, who's a professor of religion, actually, at the University of Hawaii, and he's an expert magician, and an expert on the street magic of India, which is what this book is about, "Net of Magic."
این یک کتاب دوست داشتنی است که دوست من لی سیگل نوشته است. لی استاد مذهب در دانشگاه هاوایی است. که متخصص جادوگری هم هست و متخصص جادوگری خیابانی هندی است. و این کتاب هم در همین زمینه است. "اساس جادو"
en-fa
And there's a passage in it which I would love to share with you.
Van egy rész benne, amit szeretnék megosztani önökkel.
en-hu
It speaks so eloquently to the problem.
他寫這個問題寫得太好了
en-zh-tw
"'I'm writing a book on magic,' I explain, and I'm asked, 'Real magic?' By 'real magic,' people mean miracles, thaumaturgical acts, and supernatural powers.
"Я пишу книгу по магии, - говорю я, и меня спрашивают - о реальной магии?" Под реальной магией, люди подразумевают чудеса, волшебников, сверхъестественные события.
en-ru
'No,' I answer. 'Conjuring tricks, not real magic.' 'Real magic,' in other words, refers to the magic that is not real; while the magic that is real, that can actually be done, is not real magic."
"Нет, - я отвечаю. "О разных фокусах, не о настоящей магии." Реальная магия, другими словами, означает магию, которая не существует в реальности, в то время как настоящая магия, которая может совершаться на самом деле, не является реальной."
en-ru
(Laughter) Now, that's the way a lot of people feel about consciousness.
(Smích) Toto je způsob, kterým mnozí lidé náhlížejí na vědomí.
en-cs
(Laughter) Real consciousness is not a bag of tricks.
(Smijeh) Stvaran svijet nije tek vreća smicalica.
en-hr
If you're going to explain this as a bag of tricks, then it's not real consciousness, whatever it is.
אם מנסים לתאר אותה כשק של טריקים, אז זו לא תודעה אמיתית, מה שזה לא יהיה.
en-he
And, as Marvin said, and as other people have said, "Consciousness is a bag of tricks."
可是,Marvin 和其他的人说, “意识是魔术师的口袋。”
en-zh-cn
This means that a lot of people are just left completely dissatisfied and incredulous when I attempt to explain consciousness.
Ca veut dire que beaucoup de gens ressortent complètement insatisfaits et incrédules quand j'essaie de donner une explication de la conscience.
en-fr
So this is the problem. So I have to do a little bit of the sort of work that a lot of you won't like, for the same reason that you don't like to see a magic trick explained to you.
바로 이것이 문제입니다. 그래서 저는 많은 분들이 좋아하지 않을만한 작업을 해야만 되는데요. 마술의 속임수가 설명되는 것을 여러분들이 좋아하지 않으시는 것과 마찬가지 이치입니다.
en-ko
How many of you here, if somebody -- some smart aleck -- starts telling you how a particular magic trick is done, you sort of want to block your ears and say, "No, no, I don't want to know!
چند نفر از شما هستند که اگر کسی شروع به توضیح راز یک تردستی بکند، گوشتان را می گیرید که نشنوید و می گویید من دوست ندارم بفهمم.
en-fa
Don't take the thrill of it away. I'd rather be mystified.
재미를 앗아가지 마. 난 그냥 모르는 채로 있을 테야. 답을 알려주지 마."
en-ko
Don't tell me the answer."
Bana cevabı söylemeyin.
en-tr
A lot of people feel that way about consciousness, I've discovered.
Я обнаружил, что многие люди так думают и о сознании.
en-ru
And I'm sorry if I impose some clarity, some understanding on you.
Και λυπάμαι αν σας επιβάλλω κάποια εξήγηση, κάποια κατανόηση.
en-el
You'd better leave now if you don't want to know some of these tricks.
По-добре си вървете, ако не искате да разберете някои от тези фокуси.
en-bg
But I'm not going to explain it all to you.
Nie wyjaśnię wszystkiego.
en-pl
I'm going to do what philosophers do.
بلکه کاری را می کنم که معمولا فلاسفه می کنند.
en-fa
Here's how a philosopher explains the sawing-the-lady-in-half trick.
Iată cum explică un filozof scamatoria cu tăiatul unei femei în două cu fierastrăul.
en-ro
You know the sawing-the-lady-in-half trick?
Ismerik a félbevágott nő trükköt?
en-hu
The philosopher says, "I'm going to explain to you how that's done.
Filozoful spune: "O să-ți explic cum se face.
en-ro
You see, the magician doesn't really saw the lady in half."
Vidite, mađioničar zapravo ne seče damu na pola."
en-sr
(Laughter) "He merely makes you think that he does."
(Смех) "Он лишь заставляет вас думать, что он делает это."
en-ru
And you say, "Yes, and how does he do that?"
I vi kažete "Da, ali kako on to uradi?"
en-sr
He says, "Oh, that's not my department, I'm sorry."
А он говорит: "О, ну это уже не моя область, извините."
en-ru
(Laughter) So now I'm going to illustrate how philosophers explain consciousness.
(Smijeh) Sada ću vam razjasniti kako filozofi objašnjavaju svijest.
en-hr
But I'm going to try to also show you that consciousness isn't quite as marvelous -- your own consciousness isn't quite as wonderful -- as you may have thought it is.
Nhưng tôi sẽ cũng cho các bạn thấy rằng nhận thức không phi thường -- nhận thức của các bạn không kỳ diệu -- như các bạn đã nghĩ.
en-vi
This is something, by the way, that Lee Siegel talks about in his book.
To je nešto, između ostalog, o čemu Li Sigel govori u svojoj knjizi.
en-sr
He marvels at how he'll do a magic show, and afterwards people will swear they saw him do X, Y, and Z. He never did those things.
أعجز في كيفية قيامه بعروض السحر , و من ثم سيقول الناس أحلف أنني رأيته يفعل كيت و كيت .
en-ar
He didn't even try to do those things.
他甚至試都沒試過做那些事
en-zh-tw
People's memories inflate what they think they saw.
الناس يضخموا من ذكريات ما يعتقدون أنهم قد رأوا
en-ar
And the same is true of consciousness.
مساله هوشیاری هم همین طور است.
en-fa
Now, let's see if this will work. All right. Let's just watch this.
Adesso, vediamo se questo funziona. Va bene.
en-it
Watch it carefully.
仔细看。
en-zh-cn
I'm working with a young computer-animator documentarian named Nick Deamer, and this is a little demo that he's done for me, part of a larger project some of you may be interested in.
Δουλεύω με έναν νέο προγραμματιστή κινουμένων σχεδίων που λέγεται Νικ Ντίμερ, και αυτό είναι μια επίδειξη που έκανε για μένα, τμήμα ενός μεγαλύτερου προγράμματος που ίσως να ενδιαφέρει μερικούς από σας.
en-el
We're looking for a backer.
نحن نبحث عن مساعد
en-ar
It's a feature-length documentary on consciousness.
是一部关于意识的正片长度纪录片
en-zh-cn
OK, now, you all saw what changed, right?
حسنا . الآن أنت ترى ما الذي تغير .
en-ar
How many of you noticed that every one of those squares changed color?
Kaçınız rengi değişen karelerin her birini farketti?
en-tr
Every one. I'll just show you by running it again.
Tutti. Ve lo mostro di nuovo.
en-it
Even when you know that they're all going to change color, it's very hard to notice. You have to really concentrate to pick up any of the changes at all.
Thậm chí khi các bạn đã biết là chúng sẽ đổi màu vẫn khó để nhận ra. Các bạn phải tập trung để nhận thấy được điều đó.
en-vi
Now, this is an example -- one of many -- of a phenomenon that's now being studied quite a bit.
To jeden z wielu przykładów zjawiska, które jest teraz intensywnie badane.
en-pl
It's one that I predicted in the last page or two of my 1991 book, "Consciousness Explained," where I said if you did experiments of this sort, you'd find that people were unable to pick up really large changes.
これは 私が1991年に出版された著書「説明される意識」 の最後の1~2ページで予測したものです そこで私は あなた方がこの類の実験をすれば 人が本当に大きな変化にさえ気付くことは出来なかったことが わかるだろうと言いました
en-ja
If there's time at the end, I'll show you the much more dramatic case.
Ako ćemo imati vremena na kraju pokazat ću vam puno drastičnije primjere.
en-hr
Now, how can it be that there are all those changes going on, and that we're not aware of them?
Bagaimana bisa terjadi perubahan yang sangat besar, dan kita tidak menyadarinya?
en-id
Well, earlier today, Jeff Hawkins mentioned the way your eye saccades, the way your eye moves around three or four times a second.
Hôm nay, Jeff Hawkins đã nói về cách mà mắt chúng ta cử động, mắt chúng ta di chuyển qua lại ba bốn lần trong một giây.
en-vi
He didn't mention the speed. Your eye is constantly in motion, moving around, looking at eyes, noses, elbows, looking at interesting things in the world.
Nije spomenuo brzinu. Vaše oko je konstantno u pokretu, kreće se naokolo, gleda oči, noseve, laktove, posmatra interesantne stvari u svetu.
en-sr
And where your eye isn't looking, you're remarkably impoverished in your vision.
و أين عينك لا تنظر بشكل ملحوظ أنت لا تتحكم في بصرك
en-ar
That's because the foveal part of your eye, which is the high-resolution part, is only about the size of your thumbnail held at arms length.
Isso porque a fóvea do olho, que é a parte de alta resolução é apenas do tamanho da unha do seu dedão à distância de seus braços esticados
en-pt-br