title
stringlengths 4
300
| selftext
stringlengths 0
9.63k
| answers.text
stringlengths 47
11.4k
| answers.score
int64 2
32.7k
| title_urls.url
sequence | selftext_urls.url
sequence | answers_urls.url
sequence | sent_vec
sequence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
why doesn't membrane encasing organelles conjoin with other membranes? | if endocytosis and exocytosis entail that membranes meet and dump their contents into the interior/exterior of a cell, why don't the membranes of other organelles and the plasma membrane ever conjoin? i thought of this in biology class and my teacher said she had never been asked that question in 20 years of teaching. any explanation? | if a cell membrane was entirely lipid then this would be very possible. however, around 75% of the membrane is actually made up by membrane based proteins, which do not behave in the same way as lipids (i.e. conglomerating to reduce entropy). endo/exocytosis involves the interaction of protein molecules which trigger the merging of the membranes (such as snap and snare). i hope this helps. | 6 | [] | [] | [] | [
-0.8020814061164856,
-0.8028544187545776,
-0.15657958388328552,
-1.3507981300354004,
-0.8611800670623779,
-0.7695618271827698,
0.9772634506225586,
0.27479714155197144,
0.5229322910308838,
0.1653624176979065,
0.6457555294036865,
-0.003505036234855652,
-0.5287237167358398,
1.0002360343933105,
0.2784918248653412,
-0.5144785642623901,
0.10525429248809814,
1.5728809833526611,
-1.6421717405319214,
0.1524072289466858,
0.12640374898910522,
0.05605041980743408,
0.1429785192012787,
-0.21435850858688354,
-0.7287383675575256,
0.16650676727294922,
0.2312968373298645,
-0.6604408621788025,
-0.19125105440616608,
-0.9216331839561462,
0.4292325973510742,
-0.3530685007572174,
-0.854480504989624,
-0.6863646507263184,
0.010022208094596863,
0.9394882917404175,
-0.526508629322052,
0.37076014280319214,
-0.7446593046188354,
-0.24289457499980927,
0.5819567441940308,
-0.38860082626342773,
-0.48291975259780884,
0.9164374470710754,
0.3167157769203186,
0.12664873898029327,
0.004155704751610756,
0.14459431171417236,
-0.5696589350700378,
0.03671848773956299,
0.429593950510025,
-0.19045498967170715,
-0.18729755282402039,
-0.5173850059509277,
-0.8357324600219727,
0.7898961305618286,
-0.8129746913909912,
0.08940500020980835,
-0.5260172486305237,
-0.7348210215568542,
-0.05251091718673706,
0.35434940457344055,
-0.30034103989601135,
1.9318922758102417,
1.4607998132705688,
-1.1655223369598389,
0.6717679500579834,
0.3657991290092468,
-0.009676039218902588,
0.19208897650241852,
0.07361757010221481,
-0.09205734729766846,
0.005631491541862488,
0.009644165635108948,
0.695047914981842,
1.548361897468567,
-0.1280485838651657,
-0.024834811687469482,
0.14130181074142456,
-0.34456413984298706,
0.5865492224693298,
0.005839340388774872,
0.38593578338623047,
1.0967903137207031,
-0.05520699918270111,
2.233945608139038,
-0.2243991494178772,
-0.29572299122810364,
-0.5441188216209412,
-0.023573510348796844,
-0.6975405216217041,
-0.8815937042236328,
1.0935012102127075,
-0.5831232666969299,
-0.14059622585773468,
0.7147752642631531,
-0.006177447736263275,
-1.165407657623291,
-0.5785413384437561,
0.2827046513557434,
-0.8599160313606262,
-0.34927403926849365,
-0.8970333337783813,
-1.5268579721450806,
-0.17584335803985596,
-0.6944693922996521,
-0.275667667388916,
0.3047543168067932,
0.5470978021621704,
0.10273076593875885,
-0.8193961977958679,
0.024010367691516876,
1.3143442869186401,
0.187086284160614,
0.3181445598602295,
-0.48871085047721863,
0.5482020974159241,
0.4483611583709717,
0.3491261899471283,
-0.5003483295440674,
-0.719106137752533,
-1.452559471130371,
-1.2272963523864746,
-0.008242204785346985,
0.0030887722969055176,
1.152536153793335,
-0.9031149744987488,
1.4240849018096924,
1.118569254875183,
-0.024647116661071777,
1.4227802753448486,
-0.0828808844089508,
0.5496523380279541,
-0.24339404702186584,
-0.5047176480293274,
-0.46157336235046387,
-0.7090035676956177,
-0.6633495688438416,
-1.6245369911193848,
-0.0933336615562439,
0.12005221843719482,
0.11549761891365051,
-0.13702070713043213,
-0.8806583285331726,
-0.315499484539032,
1.237053632736206,
0.8444968461990356,
-0.741605281829834,
-0.9947186708450317,
0.329440176486969,
-0.9137136936187744,
-1.1107780933380127,
1.6936087608337402,
-0.5289381742477417,
0.10375246405601501,
-1.088373064994812,
1.1488165855407715,
0.01996837556362152,
-0.05957252159714699,
0.0608208030462265,
-1.8131885528564453,
1.284958839416504,
-1.1851837635040283,
0.9088076949119568,
0.04932484030723572,
-0.6756483316421509,
0.30397453904151917,
-0.8040661811828613,
0.28493550419807434,
0.757570743560791,
-0.49759700894355774,
-0.017201919108629227,
0.6390753984451294,
-0.2688215374946594,
-1.0971810817718506,
0.21852609515190125,
-0.250008225440979,
-0.4925522208213806,
1.678498387336731,
0.28824955224990845,
0.40106266736984253,
-0.23685871064662933,
0.28797319531440735,
0.24585466086864471,
0.3204456865787506,
-0.42559391260147095,
-0.19936421513557434,
0.6612895131111145,
-0.9546011090278625,
-0.9071782827377319,
-0.7423280477523804,
0.43871819972991943,
-0.16123834252357483,
1.3283542394638062,
0.006289437413215637,
-0.686169445514679,
-0.7424319982528687,
0.1213344931602478,
-1.531813144683838,
0.0189458429813385,
0.7615839242935181,
-0.3031744956970215,
-0.8027209043502808,
-0.40341854095458984,
-0.1602880358695984,
-0.43172121047973633,
0.17439872026443481,
-0.24402941763401031,
0.4849483072757721,
-0.7085596323013306,
-0.8615992665290833,
-0.160241037607193,
-1.0224770307540894,
-0.09081774204969406,
0.06476926803588867,
0.16845452785491943,
0.5174127817153931,
-0.42937982082366943,
0.018790259957313538,
-0.7197785973548889,
0.22354218363761902,
0.326936811208725,
-0.7175658345222473,
-1.6190285682678223,
-0.9441326260566711,
-1.7475639581680298,
-0.17220675945281982,
1.2864490747451782,
0.023623228073120117,
0.9314791560173035,
-0.12562015652656555,
-0.9410231113433838,
0.04529140889644623,
0.5839028358459473,
0.498592346906662,
-0.22312834858894348,
0.7682583928108215,
0.0863250121474266,
-1.0263004302978516,
-0.17193546891212463,
-0.8620724678039551,
0.4911420941352844,
0.14497432112693787,
-0.1382121741771698,
-1.2797279357910156,
1.306749701499939,
1.252577781677246,
1.6129814386367798,
-0.143660306930542,
0.42760375142097473,
-0.9575760364532471,
-0.1202649474143982,
0.2608797550201416,
0.5449563264846802,
-0.37757760286331177,
-1.1411750316619873,
-1.3836123943328857,
-0.11459312587976456,
-0.38170892000198364,
0.5766400098800659,
0.9174445867538452,
-0.49040254950523376,
-0.5474509000778198,
-0.37792718410491943,
0.4339257776737213,
-0.440385103225708,
1.0560266971588135,
1.8200894594192505,
0.37242648005485535,
0.7654364705085754,
0.8862180113792419,
0.023059874773025513,
-0.4588516354560852,
-0.31569916009902954,
-0.4762018918991089,
-0.10372652858495712,
0.00022741034626960754,
-0.038206376135349274,
0.19764161109924316,
1.888182520866394,
1.4776747226715088,
-1.2771042585372925,
-0.7200574278831482,
-0.5101957321166992,
0.10684245824813843,
-1.2706791162490845,
0.4998447000980377,
0.20627646148204803,
0.48746901750564575,
-0.5019893646240234,
-0.521024227142334,
0.4789888858795166,
-0.4224396049976349,
-0.2144550085067749,
1.2646234035491943,
1.4382368326187134,
0.8501666784286499,
1.1675580739974976,
0.28506016731262207,
-0.05256354808807373,
-0.41837412118911743,
-1.5798773765563965,
-0.9999865293502808,
-0.27213171124458313,
-1.455108642578125,
0.12205678224563599,
-0.18899637460708618,
-0.01231473684310913,
0.879106879234314,
-0.8596220016479492,
0.6509366631507874,
0.23693139851093292,
0.47377657890319824,
-0.10117845237255096,
-0.7692114114761353,
0.17990881204605103,
0.1688063144683838,
1.0704810619354248,
0.9756147861480713,
0.21769772469997406,
1.6854382753372192,
-0.7134316563606262,
-0.40171605348587036,
0.13513848185539246,
-1.0619832277297974,
0.5131188035011292,
0.4784446060657501,
0.7270327806472778,
0.788116991519928,
0.10090159624814987,
0.17898769676685333,
1.2586984634399414,
0.06227771192789078,
0.6090904474258423,
0.5673729777336121,
0.502109169960022,
0.6858527660369873,
0.2036413848400116,
-0.9509652853012085,
-1.16279935836792,
-0.4326443076133728,
0.607296884059906,
0.12867578864097595,
0.4658016860485077,
0.22879745066165924,
-1.2747175693511963,
0.35601887106895447,
0.9436187744140625,
-0.5389788150787354,
-0.45794224739074707,
-0.052122682332992554,
0.32556018233299255,
0.0372580885887146,
1.1132631301879883,
0.620875358581543,
0.20566946268081665,
-0.7420452833175659,
-0.5151357650756836,
0.4347855746746063,
0.18845199048519135,
-0.32880356907844543,
-0.3986627161502838,
-0.6087040901184082,
1.5976147651672363,
0.21737182140350342,
1.3648890256881714,
1.1415586471557617,
1.4960862398147583,
-0.5345315933227539,
0.9183909893035889,
0.3457302153110504,
0.8057213425636292,
0.8100464344024658,
-0.6193413734436035,
-0.1658671796321869,
-0.3746515214443207,
-0.5898265838623047,
0.795903742313385,
-0.08390358090400696,
0.6214921474456787,
-0.2798510193824768,
0.677924394607544,
2.4404563903808594,
0.09116476774215698
] |
how do phycisits know that ligo is detecting the gravitational-waves of two black holes colliding? | short answer: with extreme difficulty. ligo gets signals all the time. it's sensitive to literally everything that moves. this means there are a few factors that need to go into it. the first is making sure that something interesting happened at all stations in a short time period. that's how interference from things like next door lumber operations gets weeded out. next, you're left with some pings that seem unusual. they continue to research any and all sources of interference to make sure it isn't a false signal. so now, how do you identify the cause? first, there's a signal that you've received. that signal has some information, and theoreticians have done a lot of work to predict what this information looks like. so right off the bat you can say that the signal is extremely close to predicted values for black hole mergers. the signal fits the model. in this case they could identify the masses involved, and since they were each around 30 solar masses it's a pretty safe assumption you're looking at a black hole. the next step in verification would be to identify the location and look at it through conventional means, but we'll need more stations to do that properly. because we can't independently verify the source, we can't say with absolute certainty that the data is correct. but it's suspiciously close to prediction, which tends to work out in our favor. | 4 | [] | [] | [] | [
-2.122206926345825,
-1.2599470615386963,
-1.2439613342285156,
-1.5600417852401733,
2.36767315864563,
-0.5451444387435913,
-1.2498739957809448,
-1.6862691640853882,
1.2741621732711792,
-0.7022624611854553,
-0.19276562333106995,
-0.41692692041397095,
-0.7115539312362671,
-2.4727299213409424,
-0.9720468521118164,
-2.161989212036133,
0.43589863181114197,
-2.697385787963867,
-3.1898324489593506,
-0.9836311936378479,
0.3318546712398529,
-1.5407027006149292,
0.45345133543014526,
-0.035170480608940125,
-0.6285552382469177,
-0.44730591773986816,
0.09234261512756348,
1.3423398733139038,
-0.5963976383209229,
-1.5128095149993896,
-1.2423280477523804,
0.9141801595687866,
-0.7918046116828918,
0.12489177286624908,
-1.4207849502563477,
-0.3263113498687744,
1.5118207931518555,
0.9999591112136841,
-0.6106373071670532,
0.0689450204372406,
1.127694010734558,
-2.1571695804595947,
0.15585464239120483,
2.759038209915161,
-0.06529378145933151,
2.707594871520996,
0.9099311232566833,
-0.12030863761901855,
-2.506098985671997,
0.18542775511741638,
-0.3133237957954407,
0.6164835691452026,
-1.2532426118850708,
-0.7219666242599487,
-0.5666400790214539,
0.7504997253417969,
1.6475720405578613,
-1.4650622606277466,
-0.05103054642677307,
0.19403429329395294,
1.2212162017822266,
0.30897367000579834,
-1.9133124351501465,
1.6814264059066772,
2.7112131118774414,
0.5979527235031128,
0.6170365214347839,
-1.72231125831604,
-0.17933909595012665,
1.4011163711547852,
0.289340615272522,
-0.7012432813644409,
-3.3597278594970703,
-0.9179537296295166,
-0.01682102680206299,
2.843611478805542,
0.32192277908325195,
1.8982484340667725,
2.1494548320770264,
-1.4110841751098633,
0.8066694140434265,
-1.1301922798156738,
-1.0304009914398193,
0.5584352016448975,
1.1581664085388184,
0.491844117641449,
0.42717087268829346,
1.3261198997497559,
1.1624503135681152,
0.09836626797914505,
0.3207847476005554,
-1.710019826889038,
-0.015856191515922546,
0.19199120998382568,
0.01921112835407257,
3.7256884574890137,
1.3453640937805176,
-2.167029619216919,
2.1695919036865234,
0.18909293413162231,
-1.5701284408569336,
0.6000407338142395,
-3.7096893787384033,
-1.3749842643737793,
0.2916410565376282,
-0.9301918745040894,
0.47103944420814514,
0.773055911064148,
1.891996145248413,
-0.808646023273468,
0.05608207359910011,
-0.5556322336196899,
-0.12128932774066925,
-1.505754828453064,
-1.298689842224121,
-0.5565438270568848,
-1.1797196865081787,
1.6958612203598022,
0.14835622906684875,
-2.267479419708252,
-0.0244794599711895,
-0.965697705745697,
1.1921955347061157,
0.6881871223449707,
2.120515823364258,
0.2986614406108856,
-1.6308661699295044,
3.0308611392974854,
-0.08177855610847473,
0.05365148186683655,
0.8610991835594177,
-2.2431700229644775,
1.1216893196105957,
0.44180482625961304,
-1.528049349784851,
-0.5576024055480957,
3.1744911670684814,
0.8528919219970703,
-2.518017292022705,
2.518688917160034,
1.3063502311706543,
0.2877589762210846,
2.0785324573516846,
1.806396722793579,
-0.9221166372299194,
2.5986878871917725,
-0.9430741667747498,
0.9240990281105042,
1.1929054260253906,
-6.21787166595459,
-0.5258033871650696,
-2.327845335006714,
1.2211178541183472,
0.46811574697494507,
0.23513662815093994,
-0.4010176360607147,
-0.781568169593811,
1.593386173248291,
1.5316559076309204,
0.37792032957077026,
-0.5260204076766968,
0.7300472855567932,
0.2555297613143921,
2.409264326095581,
1.9078878164291382,
-0.34245210886001587,
-0.7736647725105286,
-0.8021990060806274,
0.36106038093566895,
-0.0023462772369384766,
-1.2202965021133423,
-1.594799518585205,
1.4298202991485596,
-2.5561835765838623,
-0.37000206112861633,
-1.61855947971344,
-1.4555761814117432,
2.124960422515869,
0.057873472571372986,
1.1466461420059204,
-0.9721554517745972,
-0.9321170449256897,
2.475768804550171,
4.246211051940918,
-1.0427162647247314,
0.046866655349731445,
-0.5441543459892273,
0.8137327432632446,
-0.7208329439163208,
-1.2955520153045654,
-0.5899146199226379,
-1.0037833452224731,
1.04182767868042,
3.0296218395233154,
-0.8226547241210938,
-0.6765170097351074,
0.5922491550445557,
0.1111057698726654,
-0.16122375428676605,
-0.053369417786598206,
-2.8084769248962402,
-2.856077194213867,
-2.5491037368774414,
-1.0042669773101807,
-1.2707836627960205,
1.6444344520568848,
2.7639992237091064,
-0.23195452988147736,
-2.1936028003692627,
0.5924124717712402,
0.545780599117279,
-2.5283010005950928,
-1.4903244972229004,
0.7362273931503296,
1.2644538879394531,
0.24855905771255493,
-3.6599655151367188,
-1.7290112972259521,
-0.9237834811210632,
1.308181643486023,
0.18148955702781677,
-1.1368730068206787,
0.4725813567638397,
-2.7155380249023438,
-3.986778497695923,
-0.9523586630821228,
1.0303032398223877,
1.6795198917388916,
-1.0666266679763794,
1.4455478191375732,
1.4931049346923828,
0.2992182672023773,
2.1981372833251953,
2.304934024810791,
0.4236556887626648,
-0.7706493735313416,
0.5723751187324524,
-1.2201335430145264,
-0.8083264827728271,
-1.2778544425964355,
-0.577836275100708,
0.7008926272392273,
-0.4332811236381531,
1.4433034658432007,
0.4836132228374481,
-0.5717312097549438,
-1.1418135166168213,
0.5712727308273315,
1.2857673168182373,
0.4393864870071411,
-1.757265329360962,
-2.232182025909424,
-3.3085711002349854,
0.17440080642700195,
-2.808241844177246,
1.2175194025039673,
-2.6730146408081055,
2.1781153678894043,
-1.1338838338851929,
2.0403804779052734,
4.5279154777526855,
0.36824125051498413,
-0.2169221043586731,
-1.9447646141052246,
3.1190152168273926,
4.511862754821777,
-0.49823305010795593,
1.2970490455627441,
-3.065173625946045,
0.17215882241725922,
-0.9510812163352966,
1.7919954061508179,
-0.05979380011558533,
0.02656518667936325,
2.5276622772216797,
0.8387951254844666,
-0.5605485439300537,
-0.061548829078674316,
-2.7737183570861816,
2.24532151222229,
0.03740421682596207,
-1.5395970344543457,
-0.4209762513637543,
1.8265844583511353,
0.8701165318489075,
-1.2635787725448608,
-0.35365939140319824,
-0.7877371907234192,
2.658505916595459,
-0.907512903213501,
-0.050631970167160034,
1.5175299644470215,
1.5449162721633911,
0.5506741404533386,
3.911839485168457,
-0.06653572618961334,
-1.7960470914840698,
0.009973138570785522,
1.1294180154800415,
0.4238956570625305,
-0.5615730881690979,
-1.7233130931854248,
-1.9376904964447021,
0.6897959113121033,
-0.6024481058120728,
0.04789698123931885,
2.3576107025146484,
1.388413906097412,
2.4326353073120117,
-0.3082544207572937,
1.8237714767456055,
-1.9739755392074585,
1.8369386196136475,
1.3461862802505493,
-3.8174614906311035,
2.863959312438965,
-3.4341278076171875,
0.3935355842113495,
-0.6798901557922363,
1.9684219360351562,
-0.15112146735191345,
-0.9809656143188477,
-0.577428936958313,
1.415281891822815,
-0.24735496938228607,
1.281215786933899,
-0.042488157749176025,
-1.896888017654419,
-1.6704039573669434,
-0.929207444190979,
-0.31997087597846985,
-1.203798532485962,
-1.6825207471847534,
-0.09662754088640213,
3.79880428314209,
3.064180850982666,
-2.3231077194213867,
-0.5756235718727112,
-2.2421417236328125,
1.1160484552383423,
-1.3928077220916748,
0.7283785939216614,
1.7784000635147095,
1.558951497077942,
2.0519888401031494,
1.2007168531417847,
0.36791104078292847,
3.2373690605163574,
-0.22959375381469727,
0.09492841362953186,
-1.600221872329712,
1.8519195318222046,
1.626267910003662,
-0.3357069194316864,
1.3178175687789917,
0.39435893297195435,
-1.708292841911316,
1.1221767663955688,
1.280426263809204,
-1.6974964141845703,
-0.8550540804862976,
-0.45103055238723755,
-1.3954768180847168,
4.220199108123779,
0.30398616194725037,
2.3635478019714355,
-0.056511640548706055,
-1.9149293899536133,
-1.4601521492004395,
-0.3061251640319824,
1.6919054985046387,
-1.1587917804718018,
0.5241726040840149,
-1.539957880973816,
0.12767720222473145,
-2.634343147277832,
-0.2875059247016907,
-2.7331552505493164,
-1.6821801662445068,
1.1237051486968994,
-0.07342886924743652,
2.122659921646118,
2.270854949951172,
0.23879550397396088
] |
|
is there hypothetically a goldie locks zone for a white dwarf star or neutron star? | or would gravity be to great and would pull anything in? | i'm not sure about neutron stars, but white dwarfs may in fact host habitable planets! the best summary of the subject is this [apj letter](_url_1_) by eric agol from 2011. white dwarfs form when stars less than ~ 8 solar masses die. they are essentially the leftover cores of those stars that sit in space and steadily cool off. based on our models on how fast white dwarfs cool, they could host planets that would remain in the habitable zone for up to 8 billion years!! which is more than enough time for life to form and evolve. the habitable zone would be *extremely* close to the star (shown in fig 1 of the paper), within 0.02au, or orbital periods of 4-30 hours. the planet would be tidally locked, so only the half facing the white dwarf would be habitable, and certainly make for interesting weather. but the hz would be far enough away for the planet to be stable, so the gravity/tidal situation shouldn't cause problems. the only remaining question: how likely is it that such a planet exists? answer: we still have no idea. we know that rocky planets can exist around [neutron stars/pulsars](_url_0_) though, and that's a much crazier environment, so it seems likely that planets ought to be able to form around white dwarfs. and in fact, we see evidence of 'polluted' white dwarfs or white dwarfs with infrared excesses that indicated debris disks of material, so it certainly seems like white dwarfs have all the tools to form and keep planets. the only problem is that all our planet detection methods break down for white dwarfs, so it's actually really tough to find them (also no one is looking all that hard), so we have yet to confirm any planets around white dwarfs. **tl;dr** white dwarfs probably are able to host planets, and they have a habitable zone that is stable for billions of years, so it's certainly possible there is life out there on a planet with a 24 hour *year* around a white dwarf. we just haven't found those types of planets yet. | 8 | [] | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulsar_planet",
"http://arxiv.org/abs/1103.2791"
] | [
0.1487709879875183,
2.1609175205230713,
2.952176809310913,
0.36716026067733765,
-0.40984585881233215,
-5.113591194152832,
-5.4656805992126465,
-2.7967464923858643,
0.7522009015083313,
-0.6923928260803223,
0.7704743146896362,
-0.4351028800010681,
2.5025863647460938,
-3.3487226963043213,
2.456909656524658,
-0.8993738889694214,
-6.02546501159668,
-4.957130432128906,
-2.0578384399414062,
4.10723352432251,
-1.009606957435608,
-0.06277546286582947,
-1.8591511249542236,
1.290509819984436,
-1.0195618867874146,
-1.6889615058898926,
-2.1977038383483887,
2.182826519012451,
-0.06468650698661804,
-1.5883491039276123,
-3.4086015224456787,
3.5199103355407715,
-0.49170348048210144,
-1.139967441558838,
2.5879645347595215,
0.7862774729728699,
2.896146059036255,
-1.1246628761291504,
-2.4663074016571045,
-2.491244316101074,
1.4653525352478027,
-4.531390190124512,
2.212911367416382,
1.5758371353149414,
0.08943787217140198,
3.8287861347198486,
1.6029962301254272,
-0.910161554813385,
-2.5826916694641113,
-2.2878854274749756,
-1.4889702796936035,
-0.059085894376039505,
0.4965885877609253,
-1.4170624017715454,
-2.122645139694214,
-0.09295696020126343,
2.3214497566223145,
-4.435023307800293,
3.3577985763549805,
-5.979523181915283,
2.298245429992676,
-2.408315658569336,
-0.9302825927734375,
-1.1531994342803955,
3.441685914993286,
0.9284045100212097,
-1.1782184839248657,
-2.5640270709991455,
-0.5029287338256836,
3.414125680923462,
0.3288160264492035,
1.3437457084655762,
-4.2530999183654785,
-4.953900337219238,
1.0404621362686157,
1.441579818725586,
6.006415843963623,
-0.2666248083114624,
0.9140329360961914,
-1.068793535232544,
-3.001018524169922,
0.4955955147743225,
-2.5537140369415283,
-0.9120513200759888,
0.14860518276691437,
-1.3230228424072266,
0.5400341153144836,
3.2964041233062744,
1.3610594272613525,
-1.9208918809890747,
-3.411095142364502,
-0.8474798202514648,
2.235964775085449,
-1.9017640352249146,
-5.779685974121094,
3.875436782836914,
4.318676948547363,
-4.0534491539001465,
-0.45338818430900574,
2.0980100631713867,
-1.1173920631408691,
1.543292760848999,
-2.213622808456421,
5.015986442565918,
-0.814681887626648,
1.2127320766448975,
1.081915259361267,
2.585597515106201,
0.6551944017410278,
0.5007075071334839,
1.8609857559204102,
0.09307989478111267,
0.6901289224624634,
-1.3206584453582764,
-1.8494799137115479,
-1.2987515926361084,
0.05259028077125549,
4.901805400848389,
-7.281594753265381,
-3.69877552986145,
-0.5297505855560303,
-0.04814717173576355,
6.564450263977051,
1.7455570697784424,
4.151879787445068,
-1.3896450996398926,
0.2019227147102356,
2.442518711090088,
1.3755130767822266,
-0.8279401063919067,
3.7716064453125,
-2.5873067378997803,
1.639843463897705,
2.7889297008514404,
-1.8380931615829468,
2.0670325756073,
4.390926837921143,
-3.465817928314209,
-4.365880489349365,
2.1570990085601807,
2.7095158100128174,
0.7222147583961487,
3.046696901321411,
1.0563334226608276,
6.994169235229492,
4.640495777130127,
0.5761817693710327,
-0.9732406139373779,
2.0857315063476562,
-3.377284526824951,
-0.8635877370834351,
-3.805082321166992,
2.359600305557251,
-0.04291704297065735,
1.0875941514968872,
0.7175264954566956,
0.3235662579536438,
-2.2254831790924072,
-2.484053611755371,
2.592688798904419,
2.1290159225463867,
2.92423939704895,
-1.4299712181091309,
3.4913508892059326,
-5.223937034606934,
1.8887385129928589,
-0.9052581787109375,
-1.161733865737915,
6.954427719116211,
3.350681781768799,
0.07820405066013336,
0.032457251101732254,
1.6293035745620728,
-0.6946123838424683,
4.660184860229492,
-2.908515691757202,
-1.7328953742980957,
4.76652193069458,
0.03692738711833954,
4.7191901206970215,
-6.809267520904541,
-1.732071042060852,
7.0847601890563965,
2.108818292617798,
-0.25422403216362,
-2.9520864486694336,
0.8033389449119568,
2.4858055114746094,
1.1028242111206055,
-4.2156805992126465,
4.742334842681885,
2.0216758251190186,
0.7723087072372437,
1.0768275260925293,
-4.660188674926758,
0.6629296541213989,
-4.036274433135986,
1.3964558839797974,
-0.11967989802360535,
-1.0186518430709839,
-4.829190731048584,
-4.8543267250061035,
2.10015606880188,
0.947980523109436,
1.8960036039352417,
-4.850986003875732,
3.2795190811157227,
4.040146827697754,
-4.548238754272461,
1.686256766319275,
0.7302824258804321,
-5.637823104858398,
-1.911141037940979,
2.119887351989746,
1.7626997232437134,
4.727396011352539,
2.1090779304504395,
-8.612143516540527,
-0.5524142980575562,
-3.4784045219421387,
1.9928849935531616,
-5.756582260131836,
-7.683032512664795,
-4.424597263336182,
-1.762699007987976,
-5.57967472076416,
-0.9684966802597046,
-0.2231769859790802,
2.167713165283203,
2.7320454120635986,
-2.1001486778259277,
4.000185489654541,
-2.7335081100463867,
1.2918933629989624,
2.4064791202545166,
-0.4396072030067444,
1.562333345413208,
-5.852651119232178,
2.439568519592285,
-1.701984167098999,
1.9680222272872925,
2.985718011856079,
0.15425840020179749,
4.5494890213012695,
0.2766636908054352,
-1.342646837234497,
-2.8465030193328857,
-1.9067622423171997,
-0.8353583812713623,
2.840684413909912,
1.0750243663787842,
-1.7474757432937622,
-3.9693965911865234,
0.6174461841583252,
-1.9871772527694702,
1.539147138595581,
-1.277735710144043,
0.8373011350631714,
1.267714262008667,
3.4687376022338867,
-0.31721436977386475,
-1.0296860933303833,
-4.035687446594238,
-1.585023283958435,
-1.8658835887908936,
5.955862998962402,
-1.4308686256408691,
3.8634238243103027,
-3.260772705078125,
-1.5539101362228394,
-0.12257242947816849,
6.870678901672363,
0.0034656012430787086,
-1.8963162899017334,
2.979816198348999,
-1.346964716911316,
-2.384336233139038,
-4.9348063468933105,
-1.6045613288879395,
-1.442911982536316,
-4.571352481842041,
4.301956653594971,
0.8839661478996277,
-4.755496978759766,
-0.9862492680549622,
-4.0326151847839355,
0.8761615753173828,
-2.474752187728882,
-0.7037907242774963,
-1.3261538743972778,
2.578357696533203,
7.143447399139404,
-3.899052858352661,
-0.5537320971488953,
4.5054707527160645,
-5.733372688293457,
-4.190141201019287,
2.3921608924865723,
1.433406949043274,
-1.3510091304779053,
0.8968753814697266,
-2.6304643154144287,
-1.048822283744812,
-1.1392264366149902,
-0.7492735981941223,
1.5054677724838257,
2.6350762844085693,
2.4125139713287354,
4.09917688369751,
-1.4604214429855347,
-1.6946930885314941,
-6.839600563049316,
3.083465099334717,
4.593635559082031,
-0.154052734375,
1.2637666463851929,
-0.7830382585525513,
5.953759670257568,
2.95178484916687,
1.1624367237091064,
4.608953475952148,
1.7021667957305908,
-0.014213785529136658,
1.3721742630004883,
-1.7539650201797485,
-0.44244319200515747,
3.82387375831604,
-1.079330325126648,
1.5772736072540283,
3.338221549987793,
2.6778078079223633,
-1.547610878944397,
2.269299268722534,
-2.207415819168091,
1.0399168729782104,
5.5739288330078125,
1.5810072422027588,
-3.231762409210205,
-3.3888468742370605,
5.261926651000977,
-5.013428688049316,
3.2817435264587402,
2.7608180046081543,
-0.46322062611579895,
3.118004083633423,
1.5691778659820557,
-0.25473636388778687,
0.25811558961868286,
-1.401490569114685,
-1.6704941987991333,
0.42839109897613525,
-2.9258103370666504,
0.10957488417625427,
0.7550978064537048,
1.6318483352661133,
-3.5569376945495605,
-4.574325084686279,
3.113410472869873,
4.139255046844482,
1.9612523317337036,
1.9703357219696045,
4.271834850311279,
-1.2889323234558105,
3.1991629600524902,
-1.8674969673156738,
2.145482063293457,
0.4824487864971161,
0.26691752672195435,
-3.466081380844116,
-1.574415922164917,
1.8289903402328491,
3.120828866958618,
2.646066665649414,
-5.745796203613281,
0.33734002709388733,
-0.7192144393920898,
-2.832568645477295,
-1.853466510772705,
-1.9023432731628418,
2.3924338817596436,
1.2086108922958374,
-3.8827309608459473,
-0.30295300483703613,
-1.6016191244125366
] |
are battery chickens significantly different from their wild counterparts due to artificial selection? | with a short lifespan (72 weeks for egg laying chickens) it would make sense for me that we should be able to see significant changes with artificial selection pressure. so do we see this? are chickens being bred selectively for factors such as injurious pecking? is there a push to breed chickens that are "happier" with battery conditions? | yes. a purdue chicken, allowed to live to full maturity will not be able to walk under it own weight and will die. these chickens have been bred through artificial selection. the last time i spoke to a farmer, the ratio was 2 pounds of feed to develop 1 pound of bird. there is a lot of science in chicken engineering. and billions of dollars backing it. | 11 | [] | [] | [] | [
0.1251259446144104,
0.2322579026222229,
-0.0847432091832161,
0.22579984366893768,
0.5021514892578125,
-0.6389972567558289,
-1.0052270889282227,
-0.5934938192367554,
0.5471693873405457,
-0.4034842252731323,
0.45761972665786743,
-0.06270429491996765,
-0.8785380125045776,
-0.39771223068237305,
-0.29247841238975525,
-0.7553106546401978,
-0.5000706911087036,
0.19579896330833435,
-0.3106484115123749,
0.7237908840179443,
-0.6183679103851318,
0.336978018283844,
-0.02806471288204193,
0.18914882838726044,
-0.7383041381835938,
-0.04154045134782791,
-1.4977774620056152,
0.66335529088974,
0.5637297034263611,
-0.3086906373500824,
0.278725266456604,
-0.20872128009796143,
0.7347580194473267,
-0.5777176022529602,
0.020209182053804398,
0.09450644254684448,
-0.05053010582923889,
0.06349246203899384,
0.1723727434873581,
0.7778428792953491,
0.5417124629020691,
-0.09552553296089172,
0.288333922624588,
-0.8728374242782593,
-0.22915998101234436,
0.5348668694496155,
-0.5436677932739258,
-0.7570109367370605,
0.052642155438661575,
-0.6615926027297974,
-0.6244752407073975,
-0.44831639528274536,
-0.0087202787399292,
-0.8762562274932861,
-0.5661555528640747,
0.3175450265407562,
0.8675786852836609,
-0.4418758749961853,
-1.1416224241256714,
-0.8346522450447083,
0.40621429681777954,
0.2100706398487091,
-0.18027079105377197,
0.8902016878128052,
0.6884447932243347,
-0.4509198069572449,
-0.013777568936347961,
0.5875767469406128,
-0.4392082393169403,
-0.061172306537628174,
1.832169771194458,
-0.454132080078125,
-0.1968141496181488,
0.19877400994300842,
-0.46657508611679077,
0.9832095503807068,
0.8934161067008972,
-0.1396474987268448,
0.9918158054351807,
-0.0896015465259552,
-0.5814918875694275,
-0.05457380414009094,
-0.7051310539245605,
-0.6022810935974121,
-0.34932219982147217,
0.6405564546585083,
0.42130395770072937,
0.5049355030059814,
0.22903482615947723,
-0.18641863763332367,
0.6488972902297974,
-0.32586371898651123,
0.2972199320793152,
-0.1929396241903305,
0.7501144409179688,
1.5051281452178955,
-1.026850938796997,
-0.943820595741272,
-0.9161621332168579,
-0.5488836765289307,
-0.72677081823349,
0.07598735392093658,
-0.48020511865615845,
-0.3308652341365814,
-0.6804004907608032,
-0.664661169052124,
-0.6709184646606445,
0.11670591682195663,
1.411208152770996,
-0.3471623659133911,
-0.7805697917938232,
0.5675327777862549,
0.4920162856578827,
0.39069992303848267,
-0.7234603762626648,
-0.7708010673522949,
-0.42717161774635315,
-0.5763969421386719,
-0.3376256227493286,
0.5871042013168335,
-0.11841747164726257,
-0.8747292757034302,
0.19235989451408386,
-0.13875538110733032,
0.583251416683197,
-0.5486289858818054,
-1.7763105630874634,
1.048980712890625,
-0.7633684873580933,
-0.6788586378097534,
1.1330350637435913,
-0.651814341545105,
0.4965483546257019,
-0.9398965239524841,
-0.13042254745960236,
-0.5286800861358643,
0.6108234524726868,
0.13294604420661926,
0.5102789402008057,
-0.06369394063949585,
0.023641042411327362,
0.12101071327924728,
0.5223080515861511,
-0.7055604457855225,
0.3170571029186249,
0.8854836225509644,
1.7542140483856201,
-0.4158497452735901,
-0.349448025226593,
-0.13018055260181427,
0.1584230214357376,
0.021388649940490723,
0.15103234350681305,
-0.26384326815605164,
-0.5478878617286682,
-0.3455542027950287,
-0.3451182544231415,
0.4761951267719269,
0.5271891951560974,
0.3573035001754761,
-1.0640778541564941,
0.7850839495658875,
0.11833572387695312,
0.09861016273498535,
0.4222508668899536,
-0.5768728852272034,
-0.08052495121955872,
0.4033920168876648,
1.2835885286331177,
0.35574808716773987,
0.5103681683540344,
0.1545405238866806,
0.6462280750274658,
-1.0457642078399658,
-0.09791317582130432,
-0.6229463219642639,
-1.050876259803772,
0.26052725315093994,
0.5121006369590759,
0.9219868183135986,
0.4208652675151825,
-0.6611468195915222,
1.2067599296569824,
-0.18387702107429504,
0.5784646272659302,
0.06472396850585938,
-0.9080250263214111,
0.0024935975670814514,
-1.4908270835876465,
0.501083493232727,
-0.06551793217658997,
1.0238444805145264,
-0.12601056694984436,
0.5930846333503723,
-0.8269786834716797,
0.0792936384677887,
0.02679639309644699,
0.6457604169845581,
0.49211713671684265,
-1.6512815952301025,
-0.3063460886478424,
-0.7120294570922852,
0.047015756368637085,
0.43494296073913574,
-0.07153847813606262,
-0.9793151617050171,
1.1626613140106201,
-0.797976553440094,
0.194569393992424,
0.9819348454475403,
-0.9064499735832214,
0.10145902633666992,
0.1886436492204666,
0.06746949255466461,
0.5791845321655273,
1.3376829624176025,
1.7230461835861206,
0.24474985897541046,
1.1006674766540527,
-0.10248095542192459,
-0.14192931354045868,
-1.0658372640609741,
-0.26061201095581055,
-0.5544084310531616,
-1.5348795652389526,
0.33722084760665894,
-1.0340056419372559,
0.40307101607322693,
-0.3095813989639282,
-0.44660699367523193,
-0.4837832450866699,
0.04297782480716705,
0.9017384052276611,
0.019865505397319794,
0.16623921692371368,
0.46816280484199524,
-0.04581160843372345,
0.29356950521469116,
-0.47857311367988586,
0.10917827486991882,
-0.4303475022315979,
-0.5947452187538147,
0.08597434312105179,
-0.2294388860464096,
0.31825703382492065,
0.315473347902298,
-0.3241784870624542,
1.2164082527160645,
-0.483309805393219,
0.43931588530540466,
-1.4315273761749268,
1.3717527389526367,
-0.24157381057739258,
-0.5297849178314209,
0.4639436900615692,
-0.1466566026210785,
0.21621200442314148,
1.0570149421691895,
-0.27476468682289124,
-0.18511347472667694,
1.1965291500091553,
0.1363392472267151,
0.4955867528915405,
-0.8524230718612671,
0.1379445195198059,
-1.003317952156067,
-0.39653000235557556,
0.15419790148735046,
-0.022008076310157776,
-0.600496232509613,
0.7094295024871826,
-0.6374784111976624,
1.144803762435913,
-0.061057619750499725,
0.09489381313323975,
-0.22246836125850677,
0.37345701456069946,
-0.1266828179359436,
-0.8823210000991821,
-0.7011493444442749,
0.2972528338432312,
-0.074053093791008,
0.11293430626392365,
0.7288472652435303,
0.3138490319252014,
0.30953341722488403,
-0.5079923868179321,
0.03566540777683258,
-0.09110551327466965,
0.8923366069793701,
0.13309207558631897,
0.9913491010665894,
-1.412922978401184,
0.00007686018943786621,
0.40187519788742065,
0.8948113918304443,
-0.08991609513759613,
0.057989612221717834,
-1.119208812713623,
1.066429615020752,
0.11135856807231903,
-0.50298011302948,
1.3172643184661865,
0.1308491975069046,
0.31125879287719727,
-0.7220900058746338,
0.7064671516418457,
-0.6180874705314636,
0.7284278869628906,
-1.2186065912246704,
-0.270323246717453,
-0.14655762910842896,
0.3046339154243469,
0.3843858242034912,
0.04306739196181297,
-0.5509251952171326,
-0.09138508141040802,
-0.2101762890815735,
0.8686890006065369,
-0.05938374251127243,
0.28419971466064453,
-0.4323948621749878,
0.22841423749923706,
0.7039902210235596,
0.22975794970989227,
0.030109569430351257,
0.017688199877738953,
-0.8282285332679749,
0.7982524633407593,
0.2960836887359619,
-0.8433144092559814,
0.7291865944862366,
0.6974036693572998,
0.72975093126297,
0.9060028791427612,
0.6585471034049988,
-0.14578194916248322,
-0.410790354013443,
-0.8950867652893066,
-0.46346810460090637,
-0.4827873706817627,
0.7152038812637329,
0.704677939414978,
0.2875075340270996,
-0.4771476984024048,
-1.4108061790466309,
0.17421606183052063,
1.043387770652771,
-0.6617128252983093,
1.0628657341003418,
-0.19890043139457703,
0.30073416233062744,
0.44819992780685425,
0.3625524044036865,
0.5452722311019897,
-1.2201001644134521,
-0.22785823047161102,
0.00547289103269577,
0.9986120462417603,
-0.5480495691299438,
-0.37305256724357605,
0.7056950926780701,
-0.23488017916679382,
0.5565527677536011,
0.26889967918395996,
0.3477294445037842,
-1.2368974685668945,
0.51516193151474,
-0.1657332181930542,
-0.4633880853652954,
0.7386267185211182,
0.6661574244499207,
0.33994320034980774,
-1.4668443202972412,
0.0892174169421196,
0.19517265260219574,
-0.6923296451568604,
1.0718498229980469,
0.3344879448413849,
0.2570400834083557,
-0.7570201754570007,
-0.5620928406715393,
1.7300689220428467,
-0.3310658037662506
] |
why is there no flavour changing neutral current (fcnc) at tree level in the standard model? | specifically, which sm mechanism(s) prevent fcnc's from existing *at tree level*? | it's accidental in the sm given the field content---when you write down all allowed terms in the lagrangian for the quark sector, you can get rid of all but one unitary matrix, the ckm matrix. you can put ckm in the mass matrix so gauge interactions are diagonal (this is the 'flavor basis') or in the gauge interaction so propagators are diagonal ('mass basis'). to rotate into the mass basis, you transform the down-type quarks differently from up-type, so the w bosons (which couple up-type to down-type) no longer couple diagonally. the z-bosons and photons couple up to up and down to down, so they remain diagonal in the mass basis---hence no fcnc couplings at the level of the lagrangian. adding new fields that couple to electroweak will generically give fcncs unless they look a lot like the standard model families. on top of tree-level vanishing, the gim mechanism suppresses the one-loop effects from w bosons. | 3 | [] | [] | [
"http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Glashow-Iliopoulos-Maiani_mechanism"
] | [
-3.3006019592285156,
0.30505451560020447,
-0.8910378813743591,
1.0733774900436401,
-2.136915922164917,
0.020556971430778503,
0.39758726954460144,
-0.0007747560739517212,
1.5717523097991943,
0.3720647692680359,
1.7728527784347534,
-0.2599133253097534,
0.12324947118759155,
-0.7723290920257568,
1.9710769653320312,
0.02316206693649292,
-3.394519805908203,
1.5127685070037842,
-2.758301258087158,
-0.14383502304553986,
-0.2751052975654602,
-1.208547592163086,
-1.5442726612091064,
-0.1858539879322052,
-1.6629446744918823,
0.12985160946846008,
1.2252565622329712,
-0.5859931707382202,
2.0406880378723145,
0.06635238230228424,
0.2309320569038391,
2.6803064346313477,
1.0969023704528809,
0.1456792950630188,
-1.1066797971725464,
0.12584148347377777,
0.45098230242729187,
0.28254973888397217,
1.3474094867706299,
0.23757097125053406,
-0.5775198340415955,
0.8839198350906372,
1.8460712432861328,
-0.13610586524009705,
-1.4153012037277222,
-0.629031240940094,
0.6627177596092224,
0.6309950351715088,
-1.2008830308914185,
-0.9404977560043335,
-0.2769739627838135,
0.8605265021324158,
-2.2538156509399414,
-0.08773541450500488,
-1.0825166702270508,
0.9055612087249756,
0.45179325342178345,
-0.15407836437225342,
-0.5677636861801147,
-0.7658739686012268,
0.04999864101409912,
0.8819372057914734,
-1.1206002235412598,
2.0242135524749756,
2.024019241333008,
0.4167063534259796,
0.46096858382225037,
-0.3019055724143982,
1.3755656480789185,
1.7617706060409546,
0.9187785387039185,
0.20474566519260406,
-3.4469404220581055,
0.17420127987861633,
1.3937339782714844,
1.8615407943725586,
1.1793029308319092,
1.4919313192367554,
1.236499309539795,
-1.7599166631698608,
0.516143798828125,
-1.2555135488510132,
-0.27735623717308044,
-1.5921425819396973,
-1.1209473609924316,
2.234825611114502,
0.21405304968357086,
-1.0625550746917725,
0.8473125100135803,
-0.22240164875984192,
0.963893473148346,
-1.990496039390564,
-0.6710209846496582,
0.40478453040122986,
-1.4607218503952026,
1.885503888130188,
2.2165122032165527,
-0.958042323589325,
1.293818473815918,
0.9740323424339294,
-1.1378326416015625,
-0.09551829099655151,
-2.722270965576172,
1.1250509023666382,
-1.1168476343154907,
-0.5065543055534363,
0.18132716417312622,
1.1677186489105225,
1.2227588891983032,
0.4088270962238312,
1.1251775026321411,
-1.7974369525909424,
1.7905701398849487,
-1.4515694379806519,
-0.468507319688797,
-2.5815446376800537,
2.507798433303833,
1.9589811563491821,
0.13746726512908936,
-0.8528153300285339,
-1.588370442390442,
-0.8991357088088989,
0.06997157633304596,
-0.38211148977279663,
0.8626107573509216,
0.07293403148651123,
-1.187994360923767,
1.5824685096740723,
1.2366915941238403,
0.2056748867034912,
3.0711488723754883,
-1.905239462852478,
-1.8935428857803345,
0.11514043807983398,
-1.1344366073608398,
-1.665372371673584,
1.142775058746338,
1.3417401313781738,
-0.8651872873306274,
2.6924121379852295,
-0.9828019142150879,
-2.3378031253814697,
1.1347078084945679,
-1.391190767288208,
0.5638996362686157,
0.14130079746246338,
-0.8510299921035767,
-0.1889406144618988,
-0.1546822488307953,
1.9836374521255493,
-1.4452576637268066,
-0.4747912883758545,
0.6696843504905701,
-0.07592567801475525,
1.1129026412963867,
1.0805556774139404,
-1.6873159408569336,
1.2714135646820068,
-0.21337024867534637,
1.2288092374801636,
-1.7059457302093506,
0.8112611770629883,
0.9943108558654785,
-1.1142446994781494,
-0.7231915593147278,
1.023054838180542,
0.49349072575569153,
-1.7503325939178467,
0.6708223819732666,
0.5260610580444336,
-0.8523522019386292,
1.0654966831207275,
0.3847251832485199,
-1.2653288841247559,
0.6870166659355164,
-1.1076692342758179,
-1.140674352645874,
-0.45075708627700806,
-0.4706227779388428,
2.4439730644226074,
0.5747666954994202,
0.3409815728664398,
3.8907265663146973,
-0.6242359280586243,
0.5417510867118835,
1.2726259231567383,
1.379166603088379,
0.44487643241882324,
0.6442106366157532,
-0.21725228428840637,
1.4210257530212402,
-0.6405576467514038,
0.11134907603263855,
0.1357370913028717,
-1.6142213344573975,
-3.1006088256835938,
-1.3896653652191162,
0.5118391513824463,
1.4618301391601562,
0.15130460262298584,
0.45874637365341187,
-1.4487907886505127,
0.6579044461250305,
-0.83919358253479,
1.4058996438980103,
-0.9312645196914673,
0.332975834608078,
-0.5133107900619507,
-2.310662269592285,
0.288968563079834,
-1.4547359943389893,
-2.826747179031372,
-1.4998021125793457,
-0.15568214654922485,
-1.4293410778045654,
-0.8771154284477234,
0.4514477252960205,
-3.1247005462646484,
-1.4923121929168701,
0.513964056968689,
0.8529757857322693,
0.0849112868309021,
-0.8859662413597107,
-1.9510976076126099,
-2.147542715072632,
-0.7877752184867859,
-1.138596773147583,
-0.16685175895690918,
-1.2767140865325928,
0.4984930753707886,
-0.4067637324333191,
-0.725753903388977,
1.921535849571228,
1.823361873626709,
1.8090975284576416,
0.009967677295207977,
-2.440718650817871,
-0.2613237798213959,
0.9342800378799438,
-2.057258367538452,
0.39478832483291626,
0.5631696581840515,
-0.8872872591018677,
0.4157889485359192,
0.4229923486709595,
0.5106667876243591,
-1.0549997091293335,
0.6562046408653259,
-0.48678699135780334,
0.9759857654571533,
-2.3462674617767334,
0.6416534185409546,
1.475383996963501,
1.7623037099838257,
1.2488107681274414,
-0.7204248905181885,
0.45268872380256653,
-0.1319938600063324,
-0.13180944323539734,
-0.6500599384307861,
2.161777973175049,
0.43381989002227783,
-1.0545287132263184,
-0.0961090624332428,
-0.4525880217552185,
2.5471622943878174,
0.8755804896354675,
1.280076026916504,
-0.26446330547332764,
1.0039535760879517,
-0.10893267393112183,
1.234351634979248,
0.11738015711307526,
-0.6150403618812561,
0.5934789180755615,
-1.532240390777588,
-0.9669920802116394,
-1.0426818132400513,
-2.821125030517578,
-0.5264607071876526,
0.3012848496437073,
-0.30806538462638855,
-0.8290109634399414,
0.12050440907478333,
0.4660073518753052,
-2.4040064811706543,
0.2911839485168457,
0.8475309610366821,
0.80532306432724,
-0.20278646051883698,
-0.6652480363845825,
2.081106185913086,
1.0204026699066162,
-2.030750036239624,
0.5481671690940857,
1.1678965091705322,
-0.6895765662193298,
0.08044680207967758,
0.2916230261325836,
0.16265630722045898,
1.4305360317230225,
-1.761601448059082,
-1.5560686588287354,
-0.26501065492630005,
-0.8015874624252319,
-0.03859388828277588,
1.4250073432922363,
2.0428569316864014,
-0.091651052236557,
-1.5984077453613281,
-2.9432454109191895,
-0.9877530336380005,
2.0752952098846436,
1.674404501914978,
-1.6877409219741821,
0.9216701984405518,
2.248112201690674,
3.4407172203063965,
2.2913379669189453,
0.7531905770301819,
-0.8788612484931946,
-1.6317166090011597,
0.8332295417785645,
-0.19752565026283264,
1.101793646812439,
0.8621599078178406,
-1.9802720546722412,
-3.4019813537597656,
1.3374569416046143,
0.861496090888977,
-1.3497209548950195,
2.136112689971924,
-1.0809794664382935,
-0.39875227212905884,
2.54841947555542,
1.5894150733947754,
-1.436612606048584,
-0.8459532260894775,
-0.7417756915092468,
1.0937144756317139,
-0.9404433965682983,
0.7465434074401855,
1.4517340660095215,
0.3818369507789612,
-0.25873273611068726,
0.07541045546531677,
-1.060011863708496,
0.06913210451602936,
-1.16361403465271,
1.7991870641708374,
-0.8418933153152466,
2.204929828643799,
1.9474728107452393,
1.7593369483947754,
1.0672714710235596,
-1.2960386276245117,
-0.24080327153205872,
0.7785125374794006,
-1.4533476829528809,
1.5881609916687012,
-1.5189775228500366,
0.20224469900131226,
-2.1444926261901855,
2.4252376556396484,
-0.8373613357543945,
0.04319372773170471,
-0.3973902463912964,
1.1342860460281372,
-0.30707916617393494,
1.217097520828247,
-1.3875200748443604,
2.435914993286133,
0.10384680330753326,
-1.61397385597229,
-1.525916576385498,
-1.7210609912872314,
-1.3815549612045288,
0.6875852346420288,
-1.109976887702942,
-0.9175007939338684,
0.2219126969575882,
0.3372247815132141,
1.1818574666976929,
-0.2372249960899353
] |
i know sunlight can speed the aging of books, but what about many modern libraries with many windows? is special or treated glass used? | if so, how does it work? if not, why would they build the libraries that way (other than for aesthetic appeal)? i'm sure many of them aren't trying to preserve valuable first edition copies, or ancient tomes, but it seems like a poor idea. | i can't tell you whether or not modern libraries provide treatments on their windows to preserve books, what i can tell you is that most libraries, especially large public libraries, do not exist to preserve books. preservation is a fairly specialized field and is one that a majority of librarians do not actually have any expertise in. even fewer architects have knowledge regarding preservation procedures. on the other hand, there are specialized libraries that exist to preserve these types of materials. like museums those libraries have specialized climate controlled rooms and storage areas. they do not have lots of sunlight and use artificial lighting (or in many cases, they actually store the books in dark rooms that are only lit when the books are in use). these libraries often restrict access in order to help protect and preserve the materials contained therein. most people have never been in a preservation focused library. the modern libraries that you are talking about don't exist to preserve books, they exist to distribute them. if you're looking for further information about preservation and libraries that specialize in that field let me know. while i personally know fairly little about the subject, i have some contacts that work on preservation for a living and can pass along a lot more resources if you're interested. | 24 | [] | [] | [
"http://www.omegawindowfilms.co.uk/domestic/window-films/uv-protection-window-film.html"
] | [
0.11806043982505798,
-0.38898521661758423,
-1.3653714656829834,
3.3530056476593018,
1.006569266319275,
0.16292375326156616,
-3.7089178562164307,
-0.7055515646934509,
0.9764035940170288,
2.0879974365234375,
-2.734957218170166,
2.7789382934570312,
-0.17090532183647156,
0.4321526288986206,
-2.6678476333618164,
0.09962096810340881,
0.7744370698928833,
0.7341674566268921,
-1.7305047512054443,
2.7695415019989014,
1.7892900705337524,
1.6867191791534424,
0.4264199733734131,
-0.6226964592933655,
0.8352978825569153,
-1.039851427078247,
-3.5364558696746826,
-3.7621266841888428,
-0.3125481903553009,
-0.9744033813476562,
-2.2755415439605713,
0.06871208548545837,
-2.584688901901245,
-0.478948175907135,
1.9665740728378296,
1.1955312490463257,
0.4557122588157654,
-0.9308072924613953,
0.1184718906879425,
-3.857858657836914,
-2.3135743141174316,
2.1811485290527344,
-2.137965440750122,
5.132404327392578,
-0.9982277154922485,
-0.9070994257926941,
1.0120258331298828,
-2.090698003768921,
-3.574270486831665,
1.2102594375610352,
-0.5960171818733215,
0.12453538179397583,
-0.22861331701278687,
-1.04042649269104,
-3.372293710708618,
-1.441036343574524,
0.8026139140129089,
1.4188048839569092,
-0.7880814075469971,
1.095221757888794,
4.525584697723389,
-1.665598750114441,
-1.7200933694839478,
1.0625170469284058,
-1.3868974447250366,
2.4689881801605225,
-0.5230815410614014,
2.38468074798584,
2.627079486846924,
-3.2553048133850098,
-0.6990344524383545,
0.11871722340583801,
-2.225062847137451,
3.6239004135131836,
3.211818218231201,
0.5363004803657532,
-1.8918195962905884,
-0.8560338616371155,
1.052464485168457,
0.7049968838691711,
-1.185048222541809,
-2.1822450160980225,
1.1548271179199219,
-0.6962997913360596,
-1.2486861944198608,
2.069976806640625,
1.0779073238372803,
-1.1293835639953613,
-2.593186616897583,
-0.8593656420707703,
3.6358184814453125,
-0.791467010974884,
4.084617614746094,
0.9881271123886108,
-4.219444274902344,
-0.4353322982788086,
-0.4916466176509857,
1.058346152305603,
2.9789958000183105,
-1.3209596872329712,
-0.3330237865447998,
2.0569708347320557,
2.7590205669403076,
-1.4544904232025146,
-0.8111310005187988,
-4.420312881469727,
2.4946532249450684,
0.6029363870620728,
-0.8974441885948181,
-0.879240870475769,
0.7260621190071106,
-2.9055750370025635,
0.13928401470184326,
-2.063931703567505,
-0.4045148491859436,
0.17412781715393066,
-2.4133996963500977,
0.2686450183391571,
0.9110972881317139,
1.4458073377609253,
0.6484414935112,
0.4240744113922119,
0.8239668011665344,
-2.0272483825683594,
-0.15601186454296112,
0.4039453864097595,
-2.479671001434326,
2.5522749423980713,
1.0012046098709106,
-0.10666829347610474,
-2.2800161838531494,
0.5774498581886292,
3.0981082916259766,
1.4792754650115967,
3.4048008918762207,
1.485135555267334,
-2.1362764835357666,
-4.004833698272705,
4.54996395111084,
5.7535247802734375,
-2.036550283432007,
3.5964903831481934,
3.967529535293579,
0.8220070600509644,
-0.04418709874153137,
5.4621453285217285,
1.469594955444336,
-0.7782771587371826,
-0.2905278205871582,
0.40681517124176025,
1.2676405906677246,
-0.5186243057250977,
1.0366864204406738,
-1.2767432928085327,
-1.1388599872589111,
0.5720466375350952,
2.930976152420044,
0.7265797257423401,
-2.7578299045562744,
-2.974461555480957,
-2.4242918491363525,
-0.1608913093805313,
0.5278462767601013,
4.265939712524414,
-1.5410187244415283,
-0.7491341829299927,
0.6045893430709839,
-3.3260512351989746,
-1.2683815956115723,
1.6571143865585327,
1.3273481130599976,
-0.4614499807357788,
3.566518545150757,
-0.40625089406967163,
2.9801487922668457,
-3.0745863914489746,
-1.2150189876556396,
-2.5201895236968994,
1.5606663227081299,
2.6297945976257324,
-4.276706218719482,
2.028127431869507,
1.695575475692749,
-0.5346452593803406,
-1.6824651956558228,
1.928184151649475,
3.249999761581421,
0.1507529318332672,
3.9314796924591064,
3.9000227451324463,
-0.24896976351737976,
0.9214956164360046,
2.193021059036255,
-1.0107402801513672,
-0.28253138065338135,
1.3122656345367432,
0.6168418526649475,
-2.5027506351470947,
-2.2587924003601074,
-0.8097141981124878,
-1.9010396003723145,
0.2754780948162079,
0.4379501938819885,
1.6066240072250366,
0.5503914952278137,
-0.5342044830322266,
-1.6344945430755615,
-1.7997913360595703,
-1.4792239665985107,
-2.7134692668914795,
-1.176965355873108,
1.4273676872253418,
-5.173310279846191,
-3.494525909423828,
0.4941360354423523,
2.7778987884521484,
-1.000806450843811,
-1.8697093725204468,
1.0494933128356934,
3.2115249633789062,
-2.4814321994781494,
-4.154191493988037,
0.9960919618606567,
-1.4690825939178467,
1.266785979270935,
-6.9233503341674805,
-0.025492817163467407,
2.634936809539795,
-2.3690052032470703,
0.7394681572914124,
-4.0566935539245605,
-4.013923168182373,
1.73332941532135,
-2.444171905517578,
-3.151846408843994,
0.016921132802963257,
3.4812605381011963,
-2.2018330097198486,
-5.11449670791626,
-1.2923946380615234,
-1.0110994577407837,
0.2665981352329254,
-1.7576018571853638,
-1.2984085083007812,
-1.6534754037857056,
2.4681267738342285,
-0.26143133640289307,
1.3436063528060913,
2.0874414443969727,
-0.9626278877258301,
-6.004638195037842,
-0.5843770503997803,
0.9552085399627686,
1.3963309526443481,
-0.5141016244888306,
-1.9325668811798096,
-2.085530996322632,
-2.7226977348327637,
-0.6545976400375366,
-1.6188898086547852,
3.6148436069488525,
1.0209264755249023,
-1.0791093111038208,
1.5089187622070312,
3.5803983211517334,
1.3768329620361328,
0.10485237091779709,
-1.7416914701461792,
-0.6472935676574707,
-0.30665913224220276,
-1.6545424461364746,
-0.779720664024353,
2.8752620220184326,
-0.7640324831008911,
3.322478771209717,
-1.1646817922592163,
0.27783796191215515,
-6.650847434997559,
-0.86170494556427,
-0.18072840571403503,
1.9021918773651123,
0.06701157987117767,
-1.3509687185287476,
1.759334921836853,
0.027423515915870667,
0.9797330498695374,
-0.6543002128601074,
0.24956122040748596,
-1.857735514640808,
-1.3454669713974,
2.050839424133301,
4.195865631103516,
-4.008126258850098,
-1.5248744487762451,
3.7516098022460938,
-1.464648723602295,
0.6775417923927307,
-1.0794768333435059,
1.7059252262115479,
4.114551544189453,
1.903707504272461,
0.8413528203964233,
-2.049569845199585,
1.1917674541473389,
1.2440102100372314,
1.0441052913665771,
0.7311510443687439,
1.1806753873825073,
3.617248296737671,
-0.8398714661598206,
0.7943649291992188,
-3.4862778186798096,
-0.8573945760726929,
0.714817225933075,
0.14223605394363403,
0.21361017227172852,
-2.0326929092407227,
0.014448612928390503,
1.0580880641937256,
2.4569849967956543,
-0.903436541557312,
2.8153390884399414,
0.5670366287231445,
-0.4606521725654602,
-2.6343536376953125,
-1.9473644495010376,
2.0372750759124756,
4.104221343994141,
-0.759107768535614,
0.7432034015655518,
-2.1016008853912354,
-1.0197566747665405,
-3.0876598358154297,
-1.4652754068374634,
0.7139697074890137,
0.6896841526031494,
1.4396727085113525,
-1.7164932489395142,
-2.281233549118042,
0.497345894575119,
0.39859849214553833,
0.4523244798183441,
1.9882512092590332,
-0.13242417573928833,
0.3418651223182678,
2.344005584716797,
1.7032229900360107,
-0.3845650553703308,
2.27262544631958,
0.05007052421569824,
2.05366849899292,
2.0799062252044678,
1.9743250608444214,
0.5436985492706299,
2.3408100605010986,
-1.2591426372528076,
0.4237681031227112,
1.7059805393218994,
-3.478330373764038,
-1.5965454578399658,
0.6137886643409729,
-3.2755789756774902,
-0.5528874397277832,
2.157614231109619,
-0.604961097240448,
-0.44786933064460754,
-1.0582300424575806,
2.085862159729004,
0.22911792993545532,
3.6766703128814697,
-0.09705173969268799,
-0.7915052771568298,
-1.4501458406448364,
-0.10386572033166885,
-0.12090879678726196,
1.3913074731826782,
0.8014684319496155,
-0.6860978007316589,
-2.54805588722229,
0.508316695690155,
2.5575084686279297,
-1.7233422994613647,
4.704744338989258,
2.870898485183716
] |
heat transfer | i work in a refrigerated warehouse and have noticed that different materials do not all feel the same temperature. for example touching a steel pole feels incredibly colder then a cardboard box. so my question is could there be something you hold that is incredibly hot or cold that wouldn't damage your hand. | it has to do with the rate that materials transfer heat. this video explains it very well: _url_0_ let's look at the metal and cardboard example. they are both sitting in the same room, which is at a constant temperature, right? therefore, they have to be the same temperature. but they sure don't feel like it. one of the main properties of metals are that they conduct heat well. so the metal transfers heat from your hand faster than the cardboard. therefore, the metal feels colder because it is transferring heat away from your body at a faster rate than the cardboard. | 5 | [] | [] | [
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqDbMEdLiCs"
] | [
-1.8712657690048218,
1.5204732418060303,
0.6921719908714294,
2.4352850914001465,
0.8670004606246948,
-1.5674469470977783,
-0.2412235140800476,
0.05644035339355469,
0.5836191773414612,
-0.854210376739502,
0.14568939805030823,
-0.044162213802337646,
-0.920741617679596,
-0.022789089009165764,
1.985990285873413,
-0.43759885430336,
0.19604092836380005,
0.05838438868522644,
-1.6642580032348633,
0.5653321743011475,
0.036393195390701294,
-1.654624342918396,
-0.754889726638794,
-0.9729769229888916,
-1.399726390838623,
0.30609646439552307,
-0.1658562421798706,
0.9677640199661255,
-0.21469466388225555,
1.0868550539016724,
-1.24419367313385,
-2.1074392795562744,
-0.8857057690620422,
-0.31765028834342957,
1.7855069637298584,
0.37728947401046753,
-0.490884393453598,
-1.0718287229537964,
-2.6153266429901123,
0.2589227259159088,
-0.892045259475708,
-1.5983974933624268,
1.4707916975021362,
0.9962179660797119,
0.8436000943183899,
1.9936342239379883,
0.7958048582077026,
-0.18088413774967194,
0.4079095721244812,
-1.2916545867919922,
-0.58415687084198,
0.2769502103328705,
0.04856637120246887,
0.49022164940834045,
-1.8479282855987549,
1.1272461414337158,
0.6787334084510803,
-0.6886435747146606,
-1.120695948600769,
-0.7410250902175903,
1.4196587800979614,
0.4702191948890686,
-1.1296186447143555,
-0.16892041265964508,
2.4771432876586914,
-0.42181849479675293,
0.5612521171569824,
0.07029704749584198,
-1.3938724994659424,
-0.20736001431941986,
-0.4161352515220642,
1.2258392572402954,
-0.9519569873809814,
0.6529545783996582,
1.343348503112793,
-0.792199969291687,
-0.8772367238998413,
-0.877894937992096,
-0.3771754205226898,
0.8708772659301758,
0.19194760918617249,
-0.9661673903465271,
-0.2911697030067444,
-0.8259361386299133,
-0.49722468852996826,
1.0659945011138916,
3.224669933319092,
-0.10283085703849792,
-2.5894243717193604,
-0.21822544932365417,
-0.5479340553283691,
1.0659841299057007,
-2.0284533500671387,
0.543796718120575,
0.705485999584198,
1.3219175338745117,
0.5804402232170105,
-0.36529114842414856,
-1.2770010232925415,
-0.7318304777145386,
0.8434067964553833,
-1.4292670488357544,
-2.186448097229004,
0.7046909332275391,
-0.21063944697380066,
-0.9852195382118225,
-0.007311344146728516,
1.4147056341171265,
-0.04930056631565094,
-0.7414348721504211,
-0.823167622089386,
0.03359180688858032,
-1.124908685684204,
-0.24944445490837097,
0.08664031326770782,
-1.4858566522598267,
-0.8291555047035217,
0.9369543790817261,
-0.08706998825073242,
0.702300488948822,
-0.4299398958683014,
-0.6026625633239746,
-1.2850993871688843,
-1.2573167085647583,
0.6302677392959595,
-2.44826340675354,
0.7429677844047546,
1.4133890867233276,
-0.7917242646217346,
-0.503685474395752,
1.2437986135482788,
-0.9137789607048035,
2.0267419815063477,
0.5136147737503052,
-0.7143828868865967,
0.37163951992988586,
1.2650842666625977,
1.388697862625122,
-0.29829564690589905,
0.19742807745933533,
-0.13157576322555542,
1.6725690364837646,
-0.5990527868270874,
-0.6843880414962769,
0.47554123401641846,
0.3934100568294525,
-1.3947491645812988,
-0.24729040265083313,
-0.6556074619293213,
1.6968295574188232,
0.8880365490913391,
0.08908979594707489,
1.3574881553649902,
-0.23656177520751953,
-0.7487951517105103,
-0.8965754508972168,
-1.2051631212234497,
0.6003274917602539,
2.0097968578338623,
0.37600353360176086,
-1.0635088682174683,
1.0105338096618652,
-0.369951993227005,
0.3746861517429352,
0.18181246519088745,
0.06806423515081406,
0.616377592086792,
-1.4285039901733398,
-1.2695761919021606,
-0.44956356287002563,
1.4580388069152832,
0.06636527180671692,
0.5249099731445312,
1.467052698135376,
-1.639990210533142,
-0.5261170864105225,
-2.4472358226776123,
-1.6743881702423096,
-0.019471950829029083,
1.568626046180725,
1.6378798484802246,
2.249774932861328,
1.7170487642288208,
-0.08302353322505951,
0.805086076259613,
-0.5678170919418335,
0.4170518219470978,
-0.47931647300720215,
-0.07297945767641068,
1.4205683469772339,
0.9492472410202026,
-1.8668711185455322,
-0.4429836869239807,
0.7047996520996094,
-0.14517530798912048,
0.1511339545249939,
-0.5844869613647461,
-1.6634873151779175,
-0.5664984583854675,
-0.038665369153022766,
0.414462685585022,
-0.6659943461418152,
-0.48612549901008606,
-1.1170233488082886,
-0.20665475726127625,
-1.3615365028381348,
-0.03108978271484375,
-1.3938068151474,
-0.8876981139183044,
0.37482014298439026,
0.08928093314170837,
-1.756223201751709,
-1.8729031085968018,
0.7460883855819702,
-0.5816459059715271,
1.4267739057540894,
0.1990528702735901,
0.59834885597229,
-0.9653225541114807,
-0.2903631329536438,
1.6787810325622559,
-1.2758573293685913,
0.4906901717185974,
-1.5626516342163086,
1.417750358581543,
-0.6152034997940063,
-0.07056054472923279,
0.550214409828186,
0.2902413010597229,
-0.08255636692047119,
-0.13336962461471558,
-0.5417561531066895,
-0.27039068937301636,
2.00740909576416,
0.5285544991493225,
-1.402722716331482,
-0.6738986968994141,
-0.42955565452575684,
1.3398816585540771,
1.8659127950668335,
-0.3446234464645386,
0.6806150674819946,
0.3959640860557556,
0.5761293768882751,
-0.00974835455417633,
1.192487359046936,
-0.07473360002040863,
1.543851613998413,
0.11444909870624542,
-0.8231719732284546,
0.21131429076194763,
0.28890812397003174,
-0.29960039258003235,
0.6925880312919617,
-0.3929603695869446,
0.6242830753326416,
-0.324726402759552,
-1.3980164527893066,
-1.6857573986053467,
-0.02770976722240448,
-0.014355137944221497,
-0.5306075811386108,
-0.1567748785018921,
-1.4833496809005737,
1.9888657331466675,
-0.026727944612503052,
0.9184088706970215,
1.2630817890167236,
-0.4191649258136749,
-0.462466835975647,
0.5170998573303223,
-3.466238021850586,
-0.9663230776786804,
-0.1847638338804245,
3.2309374809265137,
-1.8288557529449463,
-0.27674636244773865,
0.7386888265609741,
0.5246660113334656,
-0.12664832174777985,
-0.9730443358421326,
-0.482258677482605,
-0.09139356762170792,
1.4393121004104614,
1.430388331413269,
-0.23107504844665527,
0.5449785590171814,
-0.612732470035553,
0.7509311437606812,
-0.9838422536849976,
-0.24396874010562897,
2.4286208152770996,
2.311814308166504,
-0.4682919979095459,
1.9656742811203003,
0.8453235626220703,
1.4691509008407593,
1.2735626697540283,
0.9281553030014038,
0.06030377745628357,
-0.0717567503452301,
0.7291820049285889,
-1.7907761335372925,
0.13436925411224365,
-2.0833868980407715,
0.7593576908111572,
-0.30056554079055786,
0.8559521436691284,
-0.17772266268730164,
-1.487260103225708,
0.9682204723358154,
-0.6962220668792725,
-1.728790521621704,
-0.9881933927536011,
0.23407837748527527,
1.2833274602890015,
1.383453607559204,
1.0985387563705444,
-0.31481996178627014,
0.17151609063148499,
-0.23703913390636444,
-0.5010288953781128,
1.395517110824585,
-0.7053654789924622,
-1.9997385740280151,
1.2718384265899658,
1.3764171600341797,
0.0656316876411438,
0.06586012989282608,
-0.9612151384353638,
-0.200221985578537,
0.08181696385145187,
2.724853992462158,
0.06832893192768097,
0.5665982961654663,
1.8563275337219238,
-1.1936798095703125,
-0.7684503793716431,
-0.024564169347286224,
-0.6096562147140503,
-1.3722929954528809,
-0.2992778420448303,
1.961330771446228,
1.4633666276931763,
1.2172787189483643,
0.40040403604507446,
0.2253512293100357,
0.6428380012512207,
-1.3585050106048584,
0.572637140750885,
-1.5523029565811157,
0.5376181602478027,
1.791121006011963,
0.9919575452804565,
2.2689759731292725,
-0.3985665440559387,
-0.890476405620575,
-0.14462099969387054,
0.5526677370071411,
-1.0650582313537598,
-1.2271296977996826,
-2.022570848464966,
-1.2333769798278809,
1.4037847518920898,
0.06796258687973022,
-0.00869286060333252,
-0.6364585757255554,
0.751300036907196,
-1.003426194190979,
2.5449161529541016,
0.7827599048614502,
0.6142804622650146,
0.8887938857078552,
0.16978295147418976,
0.29447391629219055,
-2.2470436096191406,
-1.451000452041626,
2.2863755226135254,
0.851819634437561,
1.1851818561553955,
0.02428463101387024,
-0.10738013684749603,
1.019948959350586,
0.8307170867919922
] |
why does the wagon wheel effect happen in real life? | [deleted] | as you stare fixedly at a point (the spinning wheel), your eyes are actually twitching around and landing on a variety of points very close to what you perceive as your visual focal point. each landing before twitching along to the next point functions like a snapshot, or frame rate. your brain is clever enough to string it all together and your perception is that you are seeing smoothly. but much like wheels in a movie, your internal "frame rate" will generate a pretty similar visual illusion. here is the eye twitchiness, called microsaccades: _url_0_ | 6 | [] | [] | [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsaccade"
] | [
0.49261677265167236,
-1.6604342460632324,
0.09521551430225372,
0.20700861513614655,
-0.3205801844596863,
-0.47079867124557495,
2.281386137008667,
0.35255563259124756,
1.880509614944458,
-0.13047152757644653,
1.7614822387695312,
0.8249680399894714,
0.4707101583480835,
-0.03177225589752197,
-0.18713133037090302,
-0.14641717076301575,
-0.33716267347335815,
-0.16763469576835632,
-1.4636574983596802,
0.5231403112411499,
0.15543583035469055,
-0.35413265228271484,
0.19043582677841187,
-1.0276925563812256,
-0.5767741203308105,
-0.4223593473434448,
0.006331026554107666,
-1.218169093132019,
-0.07364751398563385,
-0.9703220129013062,
-0.3061695098876953,
0.8854862451553345,
-0.8862457275390625,
-1.208407998085022,
-0.5229613780975342,
-0.6104932427406311,
-1.4737756252288818,
0.40685582160949707,
-1.12826669216156,
-1.3513213396072388,
-1.1842231750488281,
0.05756303668022156,
0.4752039313316345,
0.2978042662143707,
1.0338470935821533,
2.1586925983428955,
0.7049725651741028,
1.0739080905914307,
0.1195845752954483,
0.5903459787368774,
-2.5650711059570312,
-0.8877040147781372,
-0.5937477350234985,
-0.13206803798675537,
0.4406454861164093,
1.4623408317565918,
0.1837746500968933,
-1.4680628776550293,
0.2875191271305084,
-0.14813432097434998,
0.2868150770664215,
-0.15043434500694275,
0.03935346007347107,
0.19335655868053436,
0.6418022513389587,
-0.004468679428100586,
0.6667101979255676,
-2.2943012714385986,
0.14370334148406982,
1.3198167085647583,
0.1345827281475067,
-0.778697669506073,
-0.8531625270843506,
-0.02277904748916626,
0.39022096991539,
-0.4200923442840576,
-0.22495126724243164,
-0.8733121752738953,
-0.05498603731393814,
-0.1637292206287384,
1.3299072980880737,
0.032852351665496826,
0.10127606987953186,
0.2430870085954666,
0.29217398166656494,
1.078545331954956,
1.0756702423095703,
0.6159199476242065,
-1.7707923650741577,
1.8794167041778564,
-2.288198947906494,
0.1339980810880661,
-1.4467332363128662,
-1.447282075881958,
0.90010666847229,
-0.8285861611366272,
-0.2772025465965271,
-2.4354052543640137,
0.07541382312774658,
0.29497024416923523,
0.3002740144729614,
0.46496307849884033,
-0.08486922085285187,
1.1429436206817627,
0.20167256891727448,
0.7004560232162476,
0.7459571361541748,
0.6608662009239197,
0.021671369671821594,
0.5950217843055725,
-0.8886524438858032,
-0.7738872170448303,
0.7779016494750977,
-1.18009352684021,
-0.3526236414909363,
-0.5135049223899841,
-0.8577650785446167,
-0.1010635495185852,
0.774690568447113,
-1.1449023485183716,
0.34291934967041016,
-0.3667173981666565,
-0.4548623561859131,
0.3458348512649536,
1.7386474609375,
-0.862400233745575,
-0.010338783264160156,
0.9821529388427734,
0.38213151693344116,
0.5543090105056763,
0.19964584708213806,
-0.9373508095741272,
0.05288270115852356,
-0.38195234537124634,
-0.9404594898223877,
0.02996848151087761,
1.478276014328003,
0.4308300316333771,
-0.38120290637016296,
-0.5299445390701294,
0.42124050855636597,
0.9825358390808105,
0.17705398797988892,
-0.25040969252586365,
0.5388826131820679,
1.2055448293685913,
-2.054910659790039,
-0.8663530349731445,
-0.4852063059806824,
-0.7549164295196533,
-0.9300464987754822,
-1.4231511354446411,
0.23087549209594727,
1.794727087020874,
-0.6640950441360474,
0.537386417388916,
-0.7635955214500427,
0.7791576385498047,
0.42308902740478516,
1.122755527496338,
-1.1206269264221191,
-0.6822899580001831,
-0.5693447589874268,
-0.34478408098220825,
1.1320819854736328,
-0.24027521908283234,
-0.3733610212802887,
-0.5254730582237244,
-0.9959230422973633,
0.9248310327529907,
-0.24615956842899323,
-0.2698487937450409,
-1.47573721408844,
0.7407029271125793,
-0.19932599365711212,
1.6757228374481201,
-3.4207570552825928,
-0.3633664846420288,
0.20518070459365845,
0.31886720657348633,
0.8267347812652588,
0.1286991536617279,
0.9711307287216187,
1.0311321020126343,
-0.6282082200050354,
-1.022472858428955,
-0.34832292795181274,
0.2388335019350052,
0.28527167439460754,
-0.935599684715271,
-0.9061073660850525,
-0.9634184837341309,
-0.20085245370864868,
-0.09325583279132843,
-1.0775189399719238,
1.2827792167663574,
0.9970753192901611,
0.11274656653404236,
-0.5092604160308838,
0.6094791889190674,
0.19207465648651123,
-1.7984907627105713,
-0.4808901250362396,
-1.691366195678711,
-1.066698670387268,
-0.25949573516845703,
-0.7276968359947205,
0.5072799921035767,
0.5795440673828125,
0.5827086567878723,
0.4644700586795807,
-2.6720807552337646,
-0.02787846326828003,
0.14502212405204773,
0.785642147064209,
-1.0157290697097778,
-2.1450870037078857,
-0.4498717188835144,
-0.7404286861419678,
0.2237381935119629,
0.946265697479248,
0.09672607481479645,
-1.8767714500427246,
-1.9222252368927002,
-0.8618965148925781,
-0.22740189731121063,
-1.3825016021728516,
1.8279045820236206,
-1.206602931022644,
1.4571921825408936,
0.7949055433273315,
1.07023024559021,
0.00266149640083313,
0.4103662371635437,
-0.9900935292243958,
-0.4014834761619568,
-1.94815993309021,
1.247384786605835,
0.7399570941925049,
-1.3471758365631104,
0.928389310836792,
0.1834537386894226,
0.2747800946235657,
0.0920008197426796,
0.9534233808517456,
-0.33872413635253906,
0.33085769414901733,
-0.5446726083755493,
1.6915496587753296,
2.02371883392334,
1.7855803966522217,
-0.5646135210990906,
-1.4157021045684814,
1.237748622894287,
-0.40942564606666565,
0.5067951083183289,
0.4593915343284607,
-0.07064215838909149,
0.689815104007721,
0.1936739683151245,
0.12411749362945557,
-2.497898817062378,
-1.4601709842681885,
-0.8338165879249573,
0.2042737752199173,
0.983269214630127,
1.5500664710998535,
1.604453682899475,
-0.7755786776542664,
-0.5775201320648193,
-1.0453228950500488,
1.0380330085754395,
-0.19882412254810333,
0.8470274806022644,
-0.16469275951385498,
-0.13667580485343933,
0.4100932478904724,
-1.2502353191375732,
-1.7079347372055054,
0.33856290578842163,
-0.18876619637012482,
-1.755204439163208,
1.083923101425171,
0.9243846535682678,
0.18616938591003418,
-1.1138683557510376,
-1.5708975791931152,
-0.933704137802124,
2.0959434509277344,
0.10840138047933578,
-0.28009986877441406,
1.433222770690918,
2.0855283737182617,
-0.3867824375629425,
1.428240180015564,
0.5474893450737,
-0.22906604409217834,
0.11213499307632446,
0.16885873675346375,
1.521410584449768,
1.2694425582885742,
0.33620887994766235,
-0.336578905582428,
-0.05518631637096405,
-0.46205073595046997,
-0.8087673783302307,
1.6112068891525269,
0.7425820827484131,
-1.367235779762268,
1.3002123832702637,
-1.2472435235977173,
0.5772944688796997,
0.9218406081199646,
-0.06514659523963928,
-1.6153068542480469,
1.033285140991211,
1.3013180494308472,
1.547804355621338,
0.43873780965805054,
0.021049119532108307,
-0.896999180316925,
-0.2762781083583832,
0.23883162438869476,
2.0260908603668213,
-0.2347932755947113,
0.8589047193527222,
0.7801672220230103,
0.9963666796684265,
-2.7960140705108643,
-0.9867600798606873,
0.6631506085395813,
-0.20597165822982788,
1.0173356533050537,
0.888519823551178,
1.6300209760665894,
0.8698245882987976,
-1.1935648918151855,
0.32848942279815674,
-0.9973937273025513,
0.9581701755523682,
-0.188946932554245,
0.8561953902244568,
1.1377832889556885,
0.4634195566177368,
-1.5859507322311401,
0.21509914100170135,
0.04003670811653137,
1.386173963546753,
-1.2334353923797607,
0.3372526168823242,
0.26672735810279846,
0.9029464721679688,
0.2959449887275696,
0.10704293847084045,
-0.47444623708724976,
-0.22527004778385162,
-1.1265462636947632,
-0.18967467546463013,
1.5913047790527344,
0.7663514614105225,
-0.5573686361312866,
-0.782925009727478,
0.45688551664352417,
1.8870267868041992,
-0.2399071753025055,
1.2401974201202393,
2.6242525577545166,
-2.1934151649475098,
0.3372020721435547,
0.8100547790527344,
0.3751431107521057,
1.6568548679351807,
0.47039589285850525,
0.0697774663567543,
0.06044423580169678,
-0.9824506044387817,
1.220915675163269,
0.3121926486492157,
-1.8629353046417236,
0.7762241363525391,
0.8145121335983276,
2.3538033962249756,
-1.4544696807861328,
0.43993139266967773
] |
why don't criticality accidents (like slotin's) cause explosions? | typically during criticality experiments the system is not enclosed nor designed to maximize the explosion. so as the system starts going supercritical, the excess energy causes damage to it. see [godiva](_url_0_). that damage will eventually cause it to break apart and no longer be critical/supercritical. | 2 | [] | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godiva_device"
] | [
-0.6553319692611694,
0.45125994086265564,
0.10629600286483765,
0.023654088377952576,
0.01922811195254326,
-0.1816522777080536,
-0.14517562091350555,
0.8599846959114075,
0.18574130535125732,
0.1073693186044693,
-0.4431273341178894,
1.1980688571929932,
0.724237322807312,
-0.6434208154678345,
-0.30007821321487427,
-0.5231691002845764,
0.008668370544910431,
-0.3892703354358673,
-1.0358455181121826,
0.28467798233032227,
0.7083601951599121,
-0.17686694860458374,
-0.5674129128456116,
-0.09004771709442139,
0.21049892902374268,
0.2552594244480133,
-0.039511583745479584,
0.26465529203414917,
0.22898109257221222,
-0.05724357068538666,
-0.11248670518398285,
0.06643587350845337,
-1.0571410655975342,
-0.09066195040941238,
0.3180300295352936,
0.5522173047065735,
0.13838355243206024,
0.08334749937057495,
0.25948721170425415,
-0.1908203661441803,
0.07071787118911743,
-0.10689130425453186,
-0.07596954703330994,
0.31953173875808716,
-0.02185453474521637,
0.35131576657295227,
0.824683427810669,
-0.3995819389820099,
-0.3543873131275177,
-1.046462059020996,
-0.07968921214342117,
0.3067987263202667,
-0.5322601795196533,
0.495417058467865,
-0.17804327607154846,
-0.7988354563713074,
-0.12780357897281647,
-0.041577547788619995,
0.668594241142273,
-1.315138339996338,
-0.1752452552318573,
-0.34153082966804504,
0.49147188663482666,
0.10348153114318848,
1.8654813766479492,
0.4664793610572815,
0.503009557723999,
0.34521955251693726,
0.8419531583786011,
1.764462947845459,
0.5388013124465942,
0.12114695459604263,
-0.21588990092277527,
-0.6679284572601318,
0.4938387870788574,
0.1819135844707489,
-0.4401819109916687,
0.47918832302093506,
0.04302659630775452,
-0.22256149351596832,
0.8732056021690369,
-0.541587233543396,
-0.656786322593689,
-0.6762443780899048,
0.044117577373981476,
0.4808843731880188,
0.6402931809425354,
0.14641030132770538,
0.9196664690971375,
0.4731399118900299,
0.2602315843105316,
-0.06721272319555283,
0.9458340406417847,
0.41096213459968567,
0.26768630743026733,
0.20784130692481995,
0.3362821936607361,
-1.3953297138214111,
-0.4558144807815552,
0.29759901762008667,
0.14740736782550812,
0.6009440422058105,
-1.2806562185287476,
-0.28788110613822937,
-0.27341407537460327,
-0.2713896632194519,
-0.29756253957748413,
0.4552997350692749,
-0.2807971239089966,
-0.1927279233932495,
0.16916286945343018,
-0.09990853071212769,
0.7103713154792786,
-0.5168533325195312,
-0.5328234434127808,
0.8232807517051697,
-0.17459820210933685,
0.5033606290817261,
-1.1759297847747803,
-1.1493271589279175,
-0.44752126932144165,
-0.5103018283843994,
-0.354883074760437,
0.5585553050041199,
0.5980281829833984,
0.4201275110244751,
-0.15824547410011292,
0.16004720330238342,
-0.7089701294898987,
-0.7062365412712097,
-0.1400175541639328,
-0.5468609929084778,
-0.36956560611724854,
-0.21767999231815338,
0.4851742386817932,
0.06713348627090454,
0.23784853518009186,
-0.42235568165779114,
-0.2994789481163025,
0.8001022934913635,
0.0006457660347223282,
0.4501950442790985,
-0.41857340931892395,
-0.9242857098579407,
-0.335990309715271,
0.5901696085929871,
0.05661613494157791,
-0.6213568449020386,
-0.40064147114753723,
-0.9223747253417969,
-0.3289538621902466,
-0.2117009460926056,
-0.6534997224807739,
0.07148483395576477,
0.3265119194984436,
0.4073978662490845,
-0.2639458477497101,
-0.10699247568845749,
-0.0926474779844284,
1.409709095954895,
-0.3281070590019226,
0.7864855527877808,
-0.2358737587928772,
0.1669011116027832,
0.34637612104415894,
0.1537238508462906,
0.4695473313331604,
-0.8884787559509277,
0.2415180802345276,
0.5578995943069458,
-0.6795533895492554,
0.4777337908744812,
0.6954606175422668,
-0.7944198846817017,
-0.09716296195983887,
-0.2796742916107178,
-1.2682373523712158,
-1.1967527866363525,
0.5343408584594727,
1.044701337814331,
0.11209839582443237,
-0.37324875593185425,
0.7876038551330566,
0.9058127403259277,
0.41333603858947754,
0.121671661734581,
0.8187912702560425,
0.1378759890794754,
-0.58122718334198,
-0.364223837852478,
0.3618119955062866,
0.2664412260055542,
0.817436158657074,
0.7002125382423401,
-0.6940866112709045,
0.03545498847961426,
-0.29261767864227295,
-0.45320993661880493,
-0.5412646532058716,
-0.9333478212356567,
0.7095658779144287,
0.32437559962272644,
-0.40292516350746155,
-0.18342016637325287,
-0.5563029050827026,
-0.34168970584869385,
0.3151623606681824,
-0.06745743751525879,
-0.7792578339576721,
-0.2960751950740814,
-0.5803694725036621,
-0.30703598260879517,
-0.40158575773239136,
-0.6907031536102295,
-0.6338553428649902,
-0.5219568610191345,
0.26141244173049927,
-0.7151931524276733,
-0.005100727081298828,
0.25032511353492737,
1.1636173725128174,
0.08791625499725342,
0.2047382891178131,
-0.6322324275970459,
0.11583686619997025,
-0.9743794798851013,
-1.0183223485946655,
1.4971704483032227,
-0.3302549719810486,
0.6671736836433411,
-0.411884605884552,
-0.355043888092041,
0.49053823947906494,
1.1803526878356934,
1.5284790992736816,
0.14554370939731598,
-0.12151835858821869,
0.6384454965591431,
0.3288067877292633,
-0.7268847227096558,
0.336185485124588,
0.0490759015083313,
-0.7450208067893982,
0.18923911452293396,
-0.061411842703819275,
0.04907229170203209,
-0.5094444155693054,
0.41074129939079285,
-0.40931829810142517,
0.4012795388698578,
-0.30307483673095703,
0.6630763411521912,
0.04239272326231003,
-0.1241290271282196,
0.6858214139938354,
0.6853633522987366,
-1.8250739574432373,
-0.5625906586647034,
-0.07378947734832764,
0.5772148370742798,
0.9895776510238647,
0.36339688301086426,
-0.8361905217170715,
-0.7030548453330994,
0.6040629744529724,
0.9247138500213623,
0.0901365652680397,
0.13903498649597168,
-0.1979101002216339,
-0.6974340677261353,
1.0544517040252686,
-0.1890362948179245,
0.5921704769134521,
-0.11379726231098175,
0.8397731184959412,
-0.6869421005249023,
0.09117428958415985,
-0.3671190142631531,
-0.4244877099990845,
0.26510220766067505,
0.049848124384880066,
-0.7041666507720947,
-0.3895917236804962,
0.13225318491458893,
0.5531206727027893,
-0.7830092310905457,
0.32793760299682617,
-1.3833295106887817,
-0.3745773136615753,
-0.5427273511886597,
-0.3826236128807068,
0.34624895453453064,
0.9355540871620178,
0.09822413325309753,
1.1943023204803467,
-0.05622393265366554,
-0.06522573530673981,
-0.16194117069244385,
0.7470202445983887,
0.1760033518075943,
-0.28667691349983215,
-0.08028031885623932,
0.03660520911216736,
-0.453274667263031,
-0.853243350982666,
1.0478887557983398,
0.08155062794685364,
-0.4225536584854126,
0.6140249371528625,
-0.9733037948608398,
-0.16009843349456787,
-0.1973198503255844,
0.2636461853981018,
-0.10397213697433472,
-1.1985208988189697,
-0.11791643500328064,
-0.43030378222465515,
0.40953749418258667,
0.82309490442276,
0.06256011128425598,
0.15526211261749268,
0.29614144563674927,
0.24705490469932556,
0.2267453372478485,
-0.45079338550567627,
-0.6961876153945923,
-0.3580581545829773,
-0.8185441493988037,
-0.06649564206600189,
-0.4056278467178345,
0.08203404396772385,
0.22374387085437775,
-0.008876621723175049,
0.025267183780670166,
-0.2513800859451294,
0.5387680530548096,
-0.27040210366249084,
-0.033712781965732574,
-0.6573517322540283,
-0.5428670644760132,
-0.07454638928174973,
-0.01023271307349205,
0.7553826570510864,
0.43943294882774353,
0.250912606716156,
0.48734042048454285,
0.5679999589920044,
-0.17757532000541687,
-0.9867737293243408,
0.2727355360984802,
-0.07563886046409607,
0.2626069188117981,
0.2030411958694458,
0.09680384397506714,
0.6494824290275574,
0.31767356395721436,
0.4409467279911041,
1.0654397010803223,
0.022141173481941223,
-0.2725875973701477,
-0.2733634114265442,
-0.20408262312412262,
-0.33018895983695984,
1.357738971710205,
-1.134469747543335,
0.4873269498348236,
-0.604703962802887,
0.8544678092002869,
-0.9113497138023376,
0.7930395603179932,
0.6417520046234131,
0.41644662618637085,
-0.19422748684883118,
-0.6783366203308105,
1.305873155593872,
-0.2687393128871918,
-0.1809164583683014,
0.047571271657943726,
-1.0076318979263306,
0.11342005431652069,
-0.0455598384141922,
-0.06279010325670242,
0.3180067539215088,
-0.19865185022354126
] |
|
the bay area ca had an aqi ranging from 140-240+ over the past 10 days. we are expecting rain to clear this up. what sort of toxins can we expect in the water once it hits the ground? | air pollution is chemically diverse and somewhat regionally specific. your rain will probably be mildly acidic. combustion reactions (cars, fires) combine some oxygen with atmospheric nitrogen and make nitrogen oxides as a byproduct. the oxides eventually meet water and become nitric acid, which comes down to earth as [good old acid rain.](_url_1_) i've been waist-deep in acid rain more than once from when i lived near the beloved oil refineries of new orleans. having what comes out of the sky taste like pool water with the ph of orange juice isn't great, but the optimist in me hoped the acid would kill some of the bacteria and it did get rid of the urine smell. i assume san francisco works the same way. you have probably experienced mild acid rain many times without knowing. prolonged severe acid rain does eventually [kill every single plant.](_url_0_) incidentally tennessee looks a lot like mars if you strip all life using sulfur dioxide vapor - you can live through a lot. environmental devastation is often a slow burn and a gradual worsening of the world instead of a rapid apocalypse, megafires not withstanding. | 4 | [] | [] | [
"http://www.appalachianhistory.net/2017/08/acid-rain-devastates-tennessees-copper.html",
"https://www.epa.gov/acidrain/what-acid-rain"
] | [
0.7309678792953491,
2.205596923828125,
2.5101566314697266,
2.922045946121216,
3.6372385025024414,
-1.369696021080017,
1.6585643291473389,
0.12092680484056473,
-0.26615095138549805,
-1.0050036907196045,
-0.3404409885406494,
-0.6719427108764648,
0.11727984994649887,
0.3601858615875244,
-0.07310381531715393,
-0.5657126903533936,
-0.31465432047843933,
-2.2135322093963623,
-1.5560657978057861,
-0.9196053743362427,
-0.6247134804725647,
2.484006881713867,
-0.7899746894836426,
-1.1124664545059204,
-0.08437012135982513,
1.2696832418441772,
-0.1851399689912796,
1.0852067470550537,
-1.2678003311157227,
0.9444307088851929,
2.784679889678955,
-0.4818418323993683,
-1.2987210750579834,
0.184501513838768,
1.3676326274871826,
-2.4864065647125244,
-0.26837268471717834,
-0.08542841672897339,
0.8885695934295654,
-0.36854735016822815,
-0.23703335225582123,
-0.6121407151222229,
-0.14754363894462585,
0.3106032609939575,
-2.540013551712036,
-0.4862261712551117,
1.5020228624343872,
-1.4789241552352905,
0.6631710529327393,
-2.3266701698303223,
-0.4678443670272827,
-1.1111736297607422,
-1.3530787229537964,
-0.34706297516822815,
-2.096212148666382,
-3.997056722640991,
-0.6881725192070007,
0.3675256669521332,
-0.3801734745502472,
-2.2468061447143555,
-0.6642033457756042,
-1.7059003114700317,
-0.6462715268135071,
0.8998953700065613,
1.7175161838531494,
-0.7551600933074951,
-0.12835532426834106,
0.5331987738609314,
0.09272225946187973,
0.8576721549034119,
-1.2670212984085083,
2.2226955890655518,
-1.2170741558074951,
-1.6358972787857056,
-2.7956159114837646,
1.3508837223052979,
0.03971824422478676,
-0.25050482153892517,
0.7781565189361572,
-1.4347401857376099,
1.464493989944458,
0.2587917447090149,
-1.2323033809661865,
0.18497788906097412,
-1.369978904724121,
1.3728017807006836,
0.2967163622379303,
-0.07629133760929108,
1.8264880180358887,
0.36649903655052185,
-2.0789520740509033,
0.2472553700208664,
2.520627737045288,
-0.07658874988555908,
1.0092397928237915,
2.4884748458862305,
1.4749202728271484,
-2.736581325531006,
0.016030874103307724,
-1.060035228729248,
-1.0911756753921509,
0.2462203949689865,
-4.390949249267578,
-1.8959983587265015,
-0.7621512413024902,
0.053552061319351196,
-1.7080967426300049,
1.387341856956482,
1.6605929136276245,
0.877938449382782,
-0.7930210828781128,
0.10290944576263428,
0.46341973543167114,
-1.665155053138733,
-0.13339045643806458,
-0.35450664162635803,
0.8769281506538391,
-0.3616213798522949,
-3.9868664741516113,
-0.8783068060874939,
-2.2144370079040527,
-1.9806584119796753,
-0.1282939314842224,
1.0205572843551636,
2.210434675216675,
1.1791585683822632,
1.5919064283370972,
1.2308803796768188,
0.795275866985321,
-0.4862824082374573,
1.588505506515503,
0.1483314335346222,
2.0425615310668945,
-1.7168371677398682,
-1.9616745710372925,
0.06290961802005768,
1.3270803689956665,
0.27872127294540405,
-0.9325746297836304,
1.8715156316757202,
-0.880136251449585,
0.9197078347206116,
-1.429330825805664,
-0.020663857460021973,
-1.24763023853302,
0.453624427318573,
-1.3405005931854248,
-1.5996547937393188,
-1.4944838285446167,
-1.0271345376968384,
-1.2383583784103394,
-1.2863866090774536,
0.31844839453697205,
-0.689471423625946,
-0.19684110581874847,
-1.0645033121109009,
-0.0398857519030571,
1.0601321458816528,
3.1890711784362793,
2.95346999168396,
-1.459822177886963,
1.518423080444336,
-1.06569504737854,
0.21024805307388306,
-1.8536155223846436,
2.150055170059204,
-0.07869695127010345,
-1.082085132598877,
-0.06226456165313721,
0.12255492806434631,
0.5005798935890198,
0.4548800587654114,
2.111193895339966,
-1.4514354467391968,
-0.45665717124938965,
0.412347674369812,
-1.232854962348938,
-0.6024467945098877,
-0.07349435985088348,
1.4361591339111328,
1.4555745124816895,
1.6379008293151855,
0.8236009478569031,
1.3586246967315674,
0.764965832233429,
-1.8479430675506592,
1.5910215377807617,
-0.23571527004241943,
-2.4571616649627686,
1.6821982860565186,
-1.4948227405548096,
0.29025232791900635,
1.268073320388794,
-0.38846445083618164,
-1.2468204498291016,
3.3921377658843994,
-1.6194558143615723,
0.5385926961898804,
0.9712082147598267,
-1.3851993083953857,
1.883173942565918,
-1.9573907852172852,
-1.940126657485962,
-1.9633846282958984,
1.8386061191558838,
-2.1474802494049072,
1.5914459228515625,
0.1443188637495041,
-1.2154061794281006,
-3.5096704959869385,
0.15895862877368927,
-1.862839698791504,
-0.27147555351257324,
-1.045628547668457,
-0.6292362809181213,
0.7286867499351501,
-0.07364094257354736,
0.27574121952056885,
-0.4701167643070221,
0.6400902271270752,
2.499985694885254,
-2.4464914798736572,
-0.10150489211082458,
-1.8286751508712769,
1.187485694885254,
-1.7783677577972412,
-0.899931788444519,
1.957029938697815,
0.509151816368103,
1.3113137483596802,
-1.4445222616195679,
2.0586910247802734,
0.08636300265789032,
2.434434175491333,
-0.8281188607215881,
0.9468194246292114,
2.012362480163574,
0.019765324890613556,
0.7864426970481873,
-0.5180773735046387,
0.3524399995803833,
0.7250296473503113,
0.2944096028804779,
1.8591357469558716,
-3.884226083755493,
0.7595945000648499,
-1.815700650215149,
1.6731417179107666,
-2.1250085830688477,
0.6389983296394348,
-1.2067674398422241,
-0.18262949585914612,
-1.688009262084961,
1.0299625396728516,
1.365363597869873,
2.8872106075286865,
-3.018482208251953,
-2.496324300765991,
0.10751058161258698,
0.5185468196868896,
0.253806471824646,
-3.1474125385284424,
-2.33341908454895,
-2.192204713821411,
-0.47422149777412415,
-2.099454641342163,
2.3823158740997314,
1.4017841815948486,
-0.04130140691995621,
0.5810403823852539,
0.1756235957145691,
-2.5540170669555664,
0.07775813341140747,
-0.536848247051239,
3.2216107845306396,
-0.8278937935829163,
-3.0436058044433594,
3.277557611465454,
2.9901680946350098,
1.143296718597412,
1.2358295917510986,
-0.916233241558075,
-3.845031261444092,
-0.12860643863677979,
0.03566683083772659,
1.0225178003311157,
1.5109665393829346,
-0.6146610975265503,
0.10078240931034088,
-1.7964060306549072,
0.6250740885734558,
5.091719627380371,
2.176090955734253,
-0.7585330605506897,
2.638176679611206,
-1.7139887809753418,
-1.1042766571044922,
1.0212407112121582,
0.5004651546478271,
-0.11176803708076477,
-0.5397293567657471,
0.6140544414520264,
-2.046752691268921,
1.0169316530227661,
-2.5830764770507812,
2.1626014709472656,
-0.3748352527618408,
-0.7718241810798645,
2.8862011432647705,
-2.876508951187134,
-2.5478062629699707,
-3.3799171447753906,
0.5125347971916199,
2.4559226036071777,
-1.850083351135254,
-0.4600120186805725,
-0.9753326773643494,
-0.5489200353622437,
-0.313046395778656,
1.3392064571380615,
1.1745214462280273,
0.5796120166778564,
3.3590214252471924,
2.677480697631836,
1.1318708658218384,
-1.9170563220977783,
2.4132792949676514,
3.028959274291992,
-1.922382116317749,
-0.8652244806289673,
0.11155283451080322,
1.3431864976882935,
3.395179271697998,
1.731953501701355,
1.5201903581619263,
1.2878947257995605,
0.24493008852005005,
-2.1121838092803955,
-1.3594592809677124,
-0.8770235776901245,
-1.5364700555801392,
1.4806897640228271,
1.0011242628097534,
0.6848898530006409,
2.639199733734131,
1.9020308256149292,
0.8552184700965881,
-1.3517513275146484,
-2.4965333938598633,
1.9645473957061768,
-1.5114926099777222,
1.445248007774353,
-1.3782117366790771,
0.5314584374427795,
2.582364559173584,
-1.0646370649337769,
1.3781468868255615,
-0.2122010588645935,
-0.2008744329214096,
-1.125564455986023,
-1.4111344814300537,
0.6656124591827393,
0.17821161448955536,
2.558607816696167,
-0.4668218791484833,
1.4991737604141235,
-1.3991515636444092,
1.1084166765213013,
-0.17933745682239532,
2.3619861602783203,
0.9907344579696655,
0.7284651398658752,
0.423711359500885,
1.1848000288009644,
0.9091707468032837,
-3.1179399490356445,
-1.2224551439285278,
0.6211997866630554,
-0.3897523581981659,
0.3395935893058777,
1.0490238666534424,
0.4613417387008667,
1.274158239364624,
-0.014640122652053833
] |
|
when did animals start defecating? | when did multi celled organisms begin to "package" fecal matter and send it out in one lump? | i'm sure there will be better answers later, since i'm not a biologist, but i'll pitch in with a bit of info to get things started. it doesn't really address your question, but it's somewhat related, anyway. excretion has always been around, since biological processes can create compounds that would be toxic if left unchecked. the easiest way to solve this problem is clearly to throw it somewhere else instead of having to develop a complicated metabolic pathway to neutralize the toxin, or having to isolate the toxins somehow while still carrying them around. defecation, however, is *not* excretion in the biological sense, which goes against most people's intuition. rather, urination is excretion, and it serves mostly to filter out ammonia from living cells, either by eliminating it directly or after having converted the ammonia into other compounds such as uric acid or urea. defecation is merely getting rid of matter that couldn't be digested. why couldn't it? well, most likely the organism in question was not selected during its evolution to make use of part of the matter ingested. there are lots of different types of compounds that make living things, and developing biochemical strategies to process all of them is an inefficient use of limited energy, in most cases. | 7 | [] | [] | [] | [
-2.015990972518921,
0.5786517858505249,
0.7861971259117126,
0.8595110774040222,
1.2210973501205444,
-3.1832640171051025,
3.0784122943878174,
2.2406654357910156,
2.5172481536865234,
0.1439228653907776,
2.0653445720672607,
-0.024697579443454742,
-1.0109106302261353,
1.0980796813964844,
-1.2835328578948975,
-2.691042184829712,
-0.3470207750797272,
-0.9564846158027649,
-3.1991751194000244,
1.0188310146331787,
-0.6155551671981812,
2.5276615619659424,
0.10912185907363892,
-1.2210276126861572,
-0.8435419797897339,
-0.021129295229911804,
0.10756318271160126,
-0.4547329246997833,
-1.2140568494796753,
-0.43127965927124023,
0.5561264753341675,
1.2002564668655396,
-0.8846938610076904,
-1.4891148805618286,
0.17886647582054138,
-0.2982572913169861,
-2.0000040531158447,
1.148608922958374,
1.3888390064239502,
-2.7029502391815186,
-0.7636317610740662,
-0.5208914279937744,
-2.240825891494751,
0.9914259314537048,
-0.7431298494338989,
0.5489163994789124,
1.2570396661758423,
-0.43356817960739136,
-0.9883232712745667,
-3.060473918914795,
0.6604629755020142,
1.425389051437378,
-1.520475149154663,
2.0088236331939697,
-1.5902353525161743,
-3.1546473503112793,
0.34217461943626404,
0.6236294507980347,
-2.396336078643799,
-0.6740090847015381,
0.5384155511856079,
-0.580946147441864,
-1.0601873397827148,
1.3597689867019653,
4.777726650238037,
0.0627666711807251,
0.8655349016189575,
-0.2519458532333374,
0.8072866797447205,
2.4411873817443848,
1.0917320251464844,
-0.29382777214050293,
1.001645565032959,
1.8571715354919434,
0.37745124101638794,
1.4890687465667725,
0.34178483486175537,
0.1511259377002716,
0.17675399780273438,
1.0679887533187866,
0.14329242706298828,
1.5421953201293945,
-0.5418524742126465,
0.16480563580989838,
-3.157106637954712,
2.7933666706085205,
0.14104017615318298,
0.16106468439102173,
-0.2429637908935547,
1.4648463726043701,
-1.2842535972595215,
-0.562089204788208,
3.456033229827881,
-0.5908917784690857,
0.2471533715724945,
2.88207745552063,
0.5520218014717102,
-0.8709825873374939,
1.152594804763794,
0.4158443212509155,
-2.091947317123413,
1.557085394859314,
-4.436100006103516,
-1.6181617975234985,
-0.014207392930984497,
-2.196239471435547,
0.03936007246375084,
1.1561845541000366,
1.7236053943634033,
2.092255115509033,
-2.8934860229492188,
0.6002715229988098,
2.21675705909729,
-1.6693909168243408,
-1.7199640274047852,
-0.7171042561531067,
3.337139129638672,
0.11771690845489502,
-1.2308827638626099,
-1.4505958557128906,
-1.3014702796936035,
-2.625920534133911,
0.2435609996318817,
0.38030317425727844,
2.5770492553710938,
-0.79081130027771,
-0.2607947587966919,
1.7793906927108765,
0.06413665413856506,
-0.17642755806446075,
2.298070192337036,
-1.903205156326294,
-0.12957724928855896,
-1.5298328399658203,
-0.631001353263855,
-0.5559753775596619,
3.355189561843872,
-0.19668948650360107,
-2.269404172897339,
1.4721119403839111,
-1.2638866901397705,
-0.4573293924331665,
0.27481868863105774,
-0.41215771436691284,
-2.766279697418213,
1.7484780550003052,
2.1702370643615723,
-3.3937368392944336,
-0.5090352892875671,
-0.7272000312805176,
-1.7263696193695068,
-1.8078374862670898,
0.9578701257705688,
-0.45592397451400757,
-1.5471580028533936,
-2.724088191986084,
-1.0563654899597168,
-0.6934482455253601,
1.7869428396224976,
2.628919839859009,
-4.70044469833374,
1.6700190305709839,
-0.34604334831237793,
2.1702044010162354,
-0.10029882937669754,
1.4083645343780518,
-0.3734707832336426,
-2.6749701499938965,
0.1763623058795929,
1.094655990600586,
1.5426487922668457,
0.04570828378200531,
2.0759735107421875,
-3.8504397869110107,
-2.090566635131836,
1.4843517541885376,
-2.6255087852478027,
0.23391056060791016,
2.334803581237793,
1.4108481407165527,
3.1102585792541504,
-0.7790216207504272,
-0.39834415912628174,
1.43654465675354,
-0.17599210143089294,
-2.912620782852173,
0.7874555587768555,
2.6077303886413574,
-0.46667468547821045,
1.7873879671096802,
-2.3695130348205566,
1.9286226034164429,
-0.6385455131530762,
-0.7341445088386536,
-1.515275001525879,
-0.891682505607605,
-0.883472204208374,
1.3816108703613281,
-1.4266202449798584,
-1.3428905010223389,
-0.1841592788696289,
-0.6101089715957642,
-1.860610842704773,
-1.643317699432373,
0.4451919496059418,
-1.4337186813354492,
0.9957005381584167,
-2.403630256652832,
-0.6173635721206665,
-3.0674283504486084,
-0.8690575957298279,
-0.9305201172828674,
-1.8773040771484375,
0.1707557588815689,
-0.4983617663383484,
0.25226420164108276,
0.5511513352394104,
-0.44547221064567566,
-0.012476235628128052,
-0.9962280988693237,
-1.3703906536102295,
0.04726487398147583,
0.7976348996162415,
-2.3531904220581055,
-0.05720135569572449,
-2.4138200283050537,
-0.8607165217399597,
1.3422247171401978,
-0.2651120722293854,
0.5833865404129028,
-1.9145638942718506,
0.5920253992080688,
1.1834981441497803,
2.0520265102386475,
0.4264828562736511,
-0.29094576835632324,
1.2457772493362427,
-0.5713673233985901,
0.07469120621681213,
0.683480441570282,
-1.9052571058273315,
-0.3159850239753723,
-1.0516988039016724,
0.8775310516357422,
-4.137493133544922,
2.8999240398406982,
-0.8176397085189819,
0.3898124694824219,
-1.0501558780670166,
2.964787006378174,
-2.3892345428466797,
1.6662535667419434,
-0.031326696276664734,
2.01312255859375,
-0.18781143426895142,
0.141732856631279,
-2.1591320037841797,
-1.0074598789215088,
-1.2987008094787598,
-0.6947795152664185,
1.2006548643112183,
0.1432337611913681,
-1.5504329204559326,
-2.8471710681915283,
1.5581541061401367,
1.203337550163269,
-0.9096752405166626,
3.673313617706299,
-0.39471346139907837,
0.6099338531494141,
1.734720230102539,
-1.2800805568695068,
2.5889391899108887,
-1.111722469329834,
5.045443058013916,
-0.738457202911377,
-0.9591405391693115,
-1.1066702604293823,
1.1869157552719116,
2.2535204887390137,
1.904646873474121,
-4.363633155822754,
-2.323690414428711,
1.0419174432754517,
0.8858572244644165,
0.33383482694625854,
1.3976463079452515,
-2.618398666381836,
-0.5554112195968628,
-1.0838072299957275,
-1.980114221572876,
3.545501708984375,
-0.5150860548019409,
-2.619870901107788,
3.858349561691284,
1.4143576622009277,
0.26168811321258545,
-2.0747835636138916,
0.09603956341743469,
0.40470418334007263,
-1.5063533782958984,
-2.735020160675049,
-3.2724997997283936,
-0.287660151720047,
-0.5878422260284424,
1.4143526554107666,
0.8635774254798889,
0.09462213516235352,
1.8835893869400024,
-2.494324207305908,
-2.680817127227783,
-1.7920215129852295,
0.8179920315742493,
1.3694028854370117,
-0.7565084099769592,
0.004373073577880859,
-0.5725429058074951,
0.7885494232177734,
0.7903515100479126,
1.6362266540527344,
2.6691038608551025,
-1.0262726545333862,
1.844089150428772,
1.4513875246047974,
1.6619513034820557,
1.2045331001281738,
1.9397341012954712,
2.4333600997924805,
0.22181808948516846,
0.6760914325714111,
-2.1863467693328857,
4.3850860595703125,
0.7118319272994995,
1.0744843482971191,
1.4846242666244507,
1.677311897277832,
0.18087011575698853,
-0.25030776858329773,
-2.3207716941833496,
-0.44337743520736694,
-2.0001749992370605,
0.3569977581501007,
-0.8994117379188538,
1.7169617414474487,
2.656548023223877,
-0.14033393561840057,
1.532469630241394,
-0.030031800270080566,
-0.4049760103225708,
0.8323694467544556,
-0.1254771500825882,
2.3246684074401855,
1.5957858562469482,
2.309152841567993,
0.6489757299423218,
-1.0039767026901245,
-1.2352464199066162,
-0.5408450961112976,
-0.5388393998146057,
-2.410369396209717,
-2.1198806762695312,
-2.080782413482666,
-0.8414803147315979,
3.213564395904541,
-2.2600502967834473,
1.552964448928833,
-3.255366086959839,
3.1034345626831055,
-0.3013702929019928,
2.516300916671753,
1.764182209968567,
1.1112910509109497,
1.1976031064987183,
-1.7525713443756104,
-0.22615091502666473,
-0.4170528054237366,
0.7594621181488037,
-1.6836259365081787,
-0.005703762173652649,
0.6545740365982056,
1.2437533140182495,
0.9097236394882202,
7.264640808105469,
0.23975342512130737
] |
in reference to the film the grey, how accurate are the wolves represented? | at one point, neeson says "wolves have a territorial range of about 200 miles, and a kill range of 30 miles." if in fact the men were within 30 miles of the packs den, would the wolves attempt to go after these men, to kill these men instinctively, even though they were posing no real threat? also, i know it was a film, it was meant to be cinematic and suspenseful, but would an entire pack of wolves surround a group of men they had outnumbered easily 3:1 without attacking for such a long period of time? i've done some reading in the past, as wolves have always been very intriguing to me as far as wildlife goes, and i've heard of a pack of wolves surrounding a wounded bison for hours before going in for the kill. is this a scare tactic, or were they waiting for the challenge of it trying to escape? | not even remotely. with your bison example, neither. they were waiting for it to succumb to its wounds so it'd be an easier kill. they are not sadistic masterminds, they are following the rule of nature in that they want to expend the least amount of energy for the maximum they can gain. attacking a dominant, defensive bison will almost certainly lead to injury. wolves almost never attack humans, its very rare. also wolves are relatively small, the alpha in the grey was the size of a grizzly. seriously it was a film. | 13 | [] | [] | [] | [
-0.11954733729362488,
0.6924612522125244,
-0.26365554332733154,
0.8618724942207336,
0.5768302083015442,
-0.774263858795166,
0.2143688201904297,
-0.036552123725414276,
-0.11805526912212372,
1.3529211282730103,
0.3845350444316864,
-0.031643494963645935,
1.014479398727417,
0.4082672595977783,
0.5282392501831055,
-0.19961079955101013,
-0.1269872784614563,
0.2567289471626282,
-1.1787406206130981,
0.265495240688324,
-0.7771261930465698,
-0.029721399769186974,
1.248267412185669,
-0.1545262634754181,
-0.40521037578582764,
-1.9322556257247925,
-1.301758050918579,
0.06713147461414337,
-0.3362070918083191,
-0.7676926255226135,
-1.5731542110443115,
-1.1162140369415283,
-0.15360231697559357,
-1.6397113800048828,
-1.3249642848968506,
1.3502769470214844,
0.24810388684272766,
-0.19434520602226257,
-0.39186617732048035,
-0.4413207769393921,
-0.3669578731060028,
0.8736128807067871,
0.9287725687026978,
-0.22555463016033173,
-1.025524377822876,
1.0236033201217651,
-1.219895362854004,
-0.34434977173805237,
-0.9111011028289795,
-1.012702465057373,
-0.8078069686889648,
0.7602594494819641,
-1.1921967267990112,
-0.160774827003479,
0.012893050909042358,
-0.3643454909324646,
-0.1992015540599823,
0.28114280104637146,
0.7405025362968445,
-0.5276429057121277,
0.518989086151123,
0.7917317748069763,
-1.0525598526000977,
0.9977066516876221,
2.087240695953369,
-1.107067346572876,
0.05649817734956741,
-0.35060369968414307,
-1.256253957748413,
2.625697374343872,
2.047860622406006,
-0.7188917398452759,
-0.43328723311424255,
0.6377580761909485,
-2.123753786087036,
0.8490729331970215,
1.5104554891586304,
0.8193703889846802,
0.9231948852539062,
-0.10294446349143982,
-1.528173565864563,
-0.2793329358100891,
-0.3688046634197235,
-0.6672421097755432,
-0.06239187717437744,
0.732354998588562,
0.717944860458374,
0.17302489280700684,
1.2141525745391846,
0.46077677607536316,
-0.12062352895736694,
-0.33036383986473083,
1.2341923713684082,
-0.18008458614349365,
0.346126526594162,
0.8261618614196777,
0.6151752471923828,
0.1727374792098999,
-1.5289840698242188,
0.6608297228813171,
0.015254795551300049,
-0.9829385280609131,
-1.1038683652877808,
0.1647217869758606,
0.956580638885498,
-0.029942169785499573,
-1.1435821056365967,
-0.5981326103210449,
0.2044735848903656,
0.7323912978172302,
0.20514777302742004,
0.8467374444007874,
-0.013989098370075226,
1.1937639713287354,
0.5301616787910461,
-0.3878026604652405,
-0.5505878329277039,
-0.25398802757263184,
-0.26523613929748535,
-1.09573233127594,
1.5118980407714844,
0.42065683007240295,
0.2534606456756592,
0.05236528813838959,
1.342865228652954,
-0.24274739623069763,
0.18707579374313354,
0.7919233441352844,
0.07777480036020279,
-0.7511769533157349,
0.5670121908187866,
-1.4790939092636108,
-0.0008650720119476318,
-0.6812000870704651,
-1.7505133152008057,
0.5271984934806824,
0.03317904472351074,
0.6106798648834229,
-1.6803992986679077,
0.3910982608795166,
1.3535842895507812,
0.10630851984024048,
0.5238410234451294,
0.8002681732177734,
0.12045010179281235,
0.9998002052307129,
0.6162981390953064,
-0.13745275139808655,
-0.8292047381401062,
1.008970022201538,
-0.5333319306373596,
-0.5701521039009094,
-0.05454632267355919,
-0.8674865961074829,
-0.9327579140663147,
-0.6037365198135376,
-1.4254865646362305,
0.7578788995742798,
1.0073561668395996,
0.39818304777145386,
0.3316267132759094,
1.1578556299209595,
-0.06258904933929443,
-0.3119194507598877,
-0.0931272804737091,
-0.05341431498527527,
-0.6003875136375427,
-0.32748082280158997,
0.7818579077720642,
0.9405621290206909,
-1.3711049556732178,
0.3907053768634796,
0.987129807472229,
-0.2737576365470886,
0.14100156724452972,
-0.49734020233154297,
-3.2166202068328857,
0.6163686513900757,
1.5823190212249756,
1.8776726722717285,
-0.3163567781448364,
-0.04398973286151886,
0.2719181776046753,
2.0354251861572266,
0.3972666561603546,
-0.4686565399169922,
0.2473313808441162,
-0.13490808010101318,
0.5839624404907227,
-0.7631039619445801,
0.919771671295166,
0.3853967785835266,
1.4295974969863892,
-0.10525491833686829,
-0.4545357823371887,
0.9929810166358948,
-0.31249839067459106,
-0.032959163188934326,
-0.5397270321846008,
-0.13957533240318298,
-0.7082064151763916,
-1.2295430898666382,
0.06381899118423462,
-0.5119742155075073,
0.8132603168487549,
-0.5684566497802734,
-0.022883743047714233,
-0.6891254782676697,
-2.192751884460449,
0.5050604939460754,
-1.0296286344528198,
-0.602538526058197,
-0.2593451142311096,
0.16859553754329681,
0.5078817009925842,
-0.8362236022949219,
0.05598101019859314,
0.478910893201828,
1.4815785884857178,
0.5611445307731628,
-0.9194061160087585,
-0.8796652555465698,
0.7050341367721558,
-1.9099981784820557,
0.9933426976203918,
-1.2969377040863037,
-0.3053209185600281,
0.32748645544052124,
-0.1430891752243042,
-0.8385704159736633,
-0.39542156457901,
-0.14716774225234985,
-0.5532817244529724,
-0.006569087505340576,
-1.361240267753601,
-0.850631594657898,
-0.11770951747894287,
1.1500040292739868,
1.0779213905334473,
-0.6823893189430237,
1.3848059177398682,
-0.08677875995635986,
0.2703588604927063,
1.014761209487915,
0.8375096321105957,
1.2721043825149536,
0.05001232028007507,
0.3742906451225281,
-0.7920050621032715,
0.5908970236778259,
-1.2325329780578613,
1.1636605262756348,
-1.8608908653259277,
-0.8067460060119629,
0.297084778547287,
-0.18033361434936523,
-0.876420259475708,
0.906251072883606,
-0.38379496335983276,
0.25718265771865845,
1.7589129209518433,
0.37288033962249756,
-0.9556859731674194,
-1.6225171089172363,
0.0016921758651733398,
-0.28919464349746704,
-1.6842577457427979,
1.680654525756836,
0.021902844309806824,
-0.2606600522994995,
1.2514677047729492,
0.37024545669555664,
-0.15591943264007568,
-0.22604042291641235,
0.23047035932540894,
0.18409815430641174,
0.3585697114467621,
-0.3265891671180725,
-0.6628775000572205,
-1.6644848585128784,
0.6580799221992493,
-1.50456702709198,
0.16801372170448303,
0.6827909350395203,
0.7125791311264038,
-0.45537257194519043,
-0.6039055585861206,
-0.6525769829750061,
-0.36672598123550415,
0.07498922944068909,
-2.5188379287719727,
1.9999172687530518,
-0.532835841178894,
-1.4174551963806152,
1.0823564529418945,
0.11399978399276733,
-0.6448467969894409,
1.1146684885025024,
-1.1840274333953857,
1.2461645603179932,
-0.23363782465457916,
-1.804006576538086,
0.5592532157897949,
0.12392626702785492,
-0.3328177332878113,
-0.531260073184967,
1.102401852607727,
1.0459630489349365,
0.756315290927887,
0.6210615634918213,
-0.8664649128913879,
0.25143200159072876,
1.188045859336853,
0.661187469959259,
0.4084542989730835,
-0.3189070522785187,
1.2827357053756714,
-0.3024381697177887,
0.05913633108139038,
-0.06450587511062622,
0.5873481631278992,
1.2830976247787476,
-0.39435070753097534,
0.7806353569030762,
-1.5787205696105957,
0.7656229734420776,
-0.39448705315589905,
-0.6125296950340271,
0.24712839722633362,
0.15070264041423798,
0.3314673900604248,
0.30111849308013916,
0.5260909795761108,
1.4292291402816772,
0.24656972289085388,
1.7523657083511353,
0.05787047743797302,
-0.7590924501419067,
-1.1358383893966675,
0.36145737767219543,
-0.8754792213439941,
0.4603285789489746,
0.1589745283126831,
0.7850853800773621,
-0.633838951587677,
-0.9192436337471008,
-0.032629936933517456,
-0.7080274820327759,
-0.04663928598165512,
0.9862210750579834,
-1.223388433456421,
1.0784940719604492,
0.0006240606307983398,
0.2899230122566223,
1.8245868682861328,
0.6240707635879517,
-0.5086620450019836,
-0.04470502585172653,
1.6118274927139282,
-2.209235191345215,
0.19120976328849792,
0.7441571950912476,
0.5399142503738403,
1.4996614456176758,
0.1558980941772461,
0.33320045471191406,
0.5308139324188232,
-0.9034211039543152,
0.2944481372833252,
-1.413573980331421,
1.076859474182129,
-0.11459998786449432,
-0.2872340679168701,
0.16095149517059326,
0.23695605993270874,
-0.3093107044696808,
-0.20081710815429688,
-0.34387123584747314,
-1.1038960218429565,
1.008089542388916,
0.0849333330988884,
-0.6742472648620605,
2.1406595706939697,
-0.5548549890518188
] |
how much computing power would it take to simulate all the molecules and interactions in a human body? | when might we get there according to moore's law? does quantum computing help in any way? would it be possible to obtain an "image" of a human while still alive? | there are about 10^14 atoms in a typical human cell, which is coincidentally about the same number as there are cells in a human body. so with around 10^28 atoms to simulate, you now would need to define at what level you were going to simulate each molecule and how rapidly you need to update that to get an accurate simulation. but even assuming that you only need to do one floating point calculation of each atom per second, that would be 1e13 petaflops. i believe that the most powerful supercomputers in the world today can do about 1e2 petaflops. so you either need an awful lot of them(100,000,000,000 of them), or you need to wait around 54 years for moore's law to take care of you. similarly, storing a digital "image" of the state of a human would take those kinds of large numbers of bits. obviously, analog storage systems (like a real human) are much more efficient. i assume quantum computing could help a great deal, since you can store many states simultaneously, and make many computations simultaneously. | 6 | [] | [] | [] | [
-1.2739253044128418,
0.5895634293556213,
-1.5206125974655151,
-1.6881930828094482,
-1.5456541776657104,
-2.213440179824829,
-0.729681134223938,
0.6080825924873352,
0.8415861129760742,
0.009122088551521301,
0.5738785266876221,
1.5229177474975586,
0.8996783494949341,
0.32770755887031555,
-0.6837788820266724,
-2.213855028152466,
-0.22802959382534027,
-0.33445805311203003,
-3.45671010017395,
0.24441665410995483,
-0.2540588676929474,
-1.793537974357605,
-0.3852331340312958,
-1.2692135572433472,
-0.2895895838737488,
0.9140586256980896,
0.33124732971191406,
-1.30996572971344,
0.421217143535614,
-1.4740476608276367,
0.26633214950561523,
0.2868770956993103,
2.5524775981903076,
-0.3680635094642639,
0.27747219800949097,
-1.1415560245513916,
-0.4428463578224182,
0.24151939153671265,
-1.1524839401245117,
-0.30555260181427,
0.8105841875076294,
-0.22080649435520172,
1.3422141075134277,
1.566157341003418,
0.00594700500369072,
-0.06318946182727814,
-0.7000260353088379,
1.8863238096237183,
0.4919619560241699,
0.017891429364681244,
-0.8745337724685669,
0.6510242223739624,
0.13873103260993958,
-0.274228572845459,
-2.3969337940216064,
-2.1296722888946533,
1.7263200283050537,
-3.3201441764831543,
-0.5766952037811279,
-1.4868779182434082,
0.4881330728530884,
-0.8620450496673584,
1.4203695058822632,
0.40223217010498047,
2.4509880542755127,
1.021006464958191,
1.6481497287750244,
-0.11002121865749359,
-0.5719587802886963,
2.779986619949341,
-2.6823816299438477,
1.7630761861801147,
-1.6521856784820557,
1.0444788932800293,
0.5753303170204163,
0.6277362704277039,
0.39751553535461426,
1.1719064712524414,
1.3850585222244263,
-0.5301414728164673,
-0.5269129276275635,
-1.8557157516479492,
0.040888912975788116,
0.14961056411266327,
0.11329485476016998,
1.5454338788986206,
0.4301701784133911,
1.3659168481826782,
0.0010385364294052124,
-1.4149190187454224,
-0.4924672544002533,
0.12734849750995636,
-0.20745056867599487,
-0.9140651822090149,
-1.785192847251892,
1.0118160247802734,
0.23504506051540375,
0.032517001032829285,
1.8708629608154297,
0.5622265338897705,
-1.7267606258392334,
-0.49257007241249084,
-0.9028481841087341,
-0.32358092069625854,
-0.8941622972488403,
-2.1111934185028076,
-0.623378336429596,
0.9795429706573486,
0.6303089261054993,
1.2113840579986572,
0.05258119851350784,
-1.04591703414917,
0.2808886468410492,
-0.025539150461554527,
0.4839131236076355,
-0.7864154577255249,
-0.5258569717407227,
1.3299504518508911,
-0.19646136462688446,
-1.2358312606811523,
-0.11797566711902618,
-0.7516993880271912,
0.5366047024726868,
-0.38391250371932983,
0.8393767476081848,
-0.40180671215057373,
0.8885348439216614,
1.2428240776062012,
0.012537509202957153,
0.7593357563018799,
2.2084481716156006,
0.2977191209793091,
-0.42740899324417114,
-0.4595716595649719,
-0.2684056758880615,
-0.6888611316680908,
1.5789815187454224,
-0.9513603448867798,
-1.6286778450012207,
2.020251512527466,
1.5207939147949219,
2.273376703262329,
1.5434458255767822,
-0.5607239007949829,
0.7024478316307068,
2.9731035232543945,
0.3817400336265564,
-0.5164432525634766,
0.4289788603782654,
-2.215981960296631,
0.8962306976318359,
-1.2012925148010254,
1.9037307500839233,
0.04196944832801819,
0.8705710172653198,
-0.560694694519043,
1.2471694946289062,
0.3215623199939728,
-1.3231024742126465,
0.07181638479232788,
-2.6738576889038086,
1.4099246263504028,
0.7155131101608276,
0.7191686630249023,
1.7294323444366455,
0.6132684946060181,
2.268840789794922,
-1.017949104309082,
0.7688645124435425,
1.6910663843154907,
0.5675389766693115,
-1.0305981636047363,
0.45282986760139465,
-1.3808330297470093,
0.0730576366186142,
-0.4754377603530884,
-2.01542067527771,
-0.49606239795684814,
0.0910843014717102,
1.528813362121582,
-0.9943174123764038,
-0.17427805066108704,
2.6585617065429688,
-0.21820566058158875,
1.034834384918213,
-1.6174583435058594,
1.860082745552063,
1.895840048789978,
-1.9731216430664062,
-0.25124040246009827,
0.6167006492614746,
1.635105013847351,
-1.4944145679473877,
0.7138874530792236,
-1.201589822769165,
-2.626945972442627,
-1.320186972618103,
2.0762321949005127,
0.10131708532571793,
-0.8917511105537415,
-0.04989771544933319,
-2.861569404602051,
-0.16682779788970947,
-0.45442888140678406,
1.5366159677505493,
-0.2380763739347458,
-1.6406819820404053,
0.33171117305755615,
-0.28790926933288574,
0.829491913318634,
-2.5045297145843506,
-2.3250691890716553,
0.34355607628822327,
-0.44239968061447144,
-1.1792829036712646,
0.7115967273712158,
-1.6207834482192993,
-2.6322150230407715,
-0.7114495038986206,
-0.9369208812713623,
0.3276606798171997,
-0.962557852268219,
-0.6144815683364868,
-1.9345080852508545,
-1.598418116569519,
0.015659794211387634,
-0.30162543058395386,
0.9715042114257812,
0.2955388128757477,
0.2396136373281479,
1.8491010665893555,
0.0760883092880249,
0.42100420594215393,
-0.3117374777793884,
-0.6751583218574524,
-0.4994553327560425,
0.6395178437232971,
-1.2252024412155151,
-0.8750492930412292,
0.5780748128890991,
0.2416192889213562,
-1.1463032960891724,
-0.2935309410095215,
-1.62703275680542,
-0.19594842195510864,
-1.094437837600708,
0.43508079648017883,
2.375537633895874,
0.5533673763275146,
2.1900439262390137,
-2.808852195739746,
-1.4264938831329346,
1.198815107345581,
0.5466939210891724,
-1.044564962387085,
-0.3842468857765198,
-0.08308641612529755,
0.9349151253700256,
-1.5747300386428833,
-1.9282317161560059,
2.455399513244629,
0.18406270444393158,
1.018877387046814,
-1.666869044303894,
1.817430019378662,
0.19098830223083496,
-0.8373645544052124,
-0.2670438289642334,
-0.15750372409820557,
-0.9201666116714478,
0.1507602334022522,
0.19370046257972717,
0.07102680206298828,
-0.007077276706695557,
0.8885269165039062,
-1.359903335571289,
-0.50594562292099,
-1.9069056510925293,
-1.5007542371749878,
1.2234944105148315,
-1.5001349449157715,
-0.7753790020942688,
0.8138660192489624,
0.7428149580955505,
-0.712956428527832,
-2.9454689025878906,
1.4399220943450928,
1.1281750202178955,
-0.8371597528457642,
-0.8847925066947937,
0.3153958022594452,
1.9731472730636597,
-3.022979259490967,
1.1396594047546387,
1.0032730102539062,
1.6711641550064087,
1.1490415334701538,
1.175728678703308,
0.472836971282959,
-0.6616607904434204,
0.7617227435112,
0.3207815885543823,
-0.17234447598457336,
1.4989237785339355,
-2.438767433166504,
1.2665841579437256,
1.2913098335266113,
1.5256859064102173,
1.3743473291397095,
-1.077757716178894,
1.5354102849960327,
-1.9779216051101685,
1.447115421295166,
-0.015817806124687195,
-2.2388811111450195,
2.176807403564453,
-0.82475745677948,
1.6328587532043457,
0.3828705847263336,
0.20368079841136932,
1.0788044929504395,
-0.025353163480758667,
0.8261974453926086,
0.5312572717666626,
-0.406523734331131,
0.6571381092071533,
0.7003577947616577,
-0.446222722530365,
1.126865267753601,
-0.895903468132019,
2.5430753231048584,
-1.0199869871139526,
0.9258514046669006,
0.9886419773101807,
1.4610129594802856,
2.4611008167266846,
0.4068698287010193,
-1.9255871772766113,
-1.1322799921035767,
0.9378125667572021,
-0.2525816559791565,
1.278619647026062,
0.9366738200187683,
1.3030977249145508,
1.1367835998535156,
0.5639291405677795,
-0.013183671981096268,
1.4104609489440918,
-2.0007567405700684,
-0.6163889765739441,
-1.8575283288955688,
-0.7360535860061646,
1.001813292503357,
1.299849271774292,
2.1445069313049316,
-2.798001766204834,
-0.9404116868972778,
0.14896835386753082,
0.30350711941719055,
-0.40926504135131836,
-1.3213281631469727,
0.16729888319969177,
-1.969786286354065,
2.656228542327881,
1.8859519958496094,
-0.2102493941783905,
-1.990999460220337,
-1.9025341272354126,
-1.4969332218170166,
1.6555867195129395,
0.6152784824371338,
2.3672893047332764,
1.1818351745605469,
-0.4815369248390198,
2.032270908355713,
-0.4207148551940918,
-1.423103928565979,
-0.7956855893135071,
-0.7052417397499084,
2.4516842365264893,
0.48624375462532043,
-0.3743535876274109,
0.8874644041061401,
0.3424000144004822
] |
is it as healthy to exercise 6 times a day for 5 minutes as exercising once a day for 30? | i really hate exercising, i find it excruciatingly boring. i just moved into a new apartment, and it has nice carpeted stairs, so i've found it really enjoyable to run up and down the stairs for 5 minutes 5 or 6 times a day. it gets my heart rate up and isn't so unbearable. is it helping my health at all? if it's not as useful as exercising for 30 minutes straight once, what is the biological difference? (i don't mean this to be medical advice, as i'm mostly interested in the physiological difference between different types of activity!) | the cardiovascular benefits of exercise comes from prolonged periods of elevated heart rates. breaking up what you would normally do over 30 minutes into a bunch of widely separated chunks will likely change the amount of time you actually spend with sufficiently elevated heart rate. how much depends on how hard the exercise is, and your own body. and on the side, depending on how vigorous the exercise and how athletic you are, just doing stairs hard from cold a bunch of times a day could possibly result in increased chance of injury. however, this is assuming that each of those 5 minute chunks are preformed at exactly the same intensity as that overall 30 minute chunk. now, if you instead did each of the 5 minute chunks at much higher intensity than the overall 30 minute chunks, you would start running into the 'theory of specificity' thing. basically, you'll get really good at running stairs hard for 5 minutes, but not so good at running moderate stairs for 30 (though still better than if you hadn't exercised at all). it's just your body getting adapted for different rates of oxygen consumption and energy usage. | 19 | [] | [] | [] | [
1.1524790525436401,
-0.5355935096740723,
2.085496187210083,
0.49744775891304016,
-0.8329940438270569,
-1.9063749313354492,
-1.7141897678375244,
0.6222338080406189,
0.8320995569229126,
-0.7522260546684265,
-0.1825544834136963,
1.700637698173523,
-0.4083290100097656,
-0.3841051757335663,
1.470339298248291,
0.23764078319072723,
1.1840399503707886,
-0.8265306949615479,
-5.263044834136963,
0.7462301850318909,
-1.058699369430542,
-1.1179449558258057,
-0.5592895150184631,
0.888770341873169,
2.576444387435913,
0.6665610671043396,
-0.32377347350120544,
1.7506481409072876,
-0.29331520199775696,
-0.9104943871498108,
0.3304707109928131,
-1.8792405128479004,
2.213106632232666,
-2.362180471420288,
-0.9333827495574951,
3.0374419689178467,
-0.9039212465286255,
-1.2787765264511108,
-1.8357975482940674,
-0.26523298025131226,
-1.238527536392212,
-1.2931102514266968,
-1.0940946340560913,
1.863194227218628,
1.2222058773040771,
3.2441885471343994,
-0.6763951778411865,
-0.07032366096973419,
-0.10116174817085266,
2.299903631210327,
-1.601109266281128,
0.1338861584663391,
0.189749076962471,
1.1531009674072266,
-0.4558773636817932,
1.8178927898406982,
-0.809146523475647,
-1.5265260934829712,
-0.17440900206565857,
0.23253944516181946,
-1.2680485248565674,
2.283655881881714,
-1.02512788772583,
1.0938596725463867,
1.7540791034698486,
-0.21523715555667877,
-0.0449255108833313,
-0.2560749650001526,
-0.08145923912525177,
2.763144016265869,
0.5891448259353638,
-1.303809404373169,
-0.9073137640953064,
-2.292391538619995,
0.3063468933105469,
1.0573807954788208,
-1.518406867980957,
-0.5983104705810547,
-1.5518397092819214,
-0.20224380493164062,
0.24850699305534363,
-2.167942762374878,
0.04802551865577698,
0.1283842772245407,
0.29737547039985657,
0.662712037563324,
1.4317784309387207,
-0.3565445840358734,
0.002090632915496826,
1.3649358749389648,
-1.2437411546707153,
-0.7524189352989197,
0.25306209921836853,
0.3214491605758667,
1.6604214906692505,
2.3364357948303223,
-2.167158603668213,
-1.2751277685165405,
0.9440352320671082,
-0.07146605849266052,
-1.6544815301895142,
1.7642215490341187,
-3.047018051147461,
1.490996241569519,
0.27537164092063904,
-3.0730671882629395,
0.427945077419281,
1.7719199657440186,
0.019768062978982925,
0.9249768853187561,
1.1516687870025635,
0.1316680908203125,
1.8309112787246704,
-0.2312447428703308,
0.3261009156703949,
1.1154431104660034,
-1.4671006202697754,
1.0225551128387451,
-0.5375769734382629,
-0.158813014626503,
1.0998295545578003,
-0.9449672698974609,
-0.6272180080413818,
-1.3355258703231812,
0.2679988741874695,
-1.3642836809158325,
0.33433830738067627,
1.1289637088775635,
0.7933580875396729,
-2.248645305633545,
1.773310899734497,
-0.22341199219226837,
-0.22211365401744843,
-2.0717248916625977,
-2.2243549823760986,
-0.2839565575122833,
2.7755842208862305,
-0.9049527645111084,
-0.24936543405056,
1.8470139503479004,
1.525590419769287,
2.359283924102783,
1.2649691104888916,
-1.6457587480545044,
-0.3717052936553955,
4.114322185516357,
0.15868523716926575,
-0.09404872357845306,
0.11572427302598953,
-4.537306785583496,
-1.5737361907958984,
0.2346167266368866,
1.2095932960510254,
-2.4514880180358887,
0.8845261931419373,
-0.10909772664308548,
-3.595348834991455,
-0.5078779458999634,
-1.9270927906036377,
-0.38591259717941284,
-3.452277660369873,
-1.1267215013504028,
-0.4552203416824341,
0.32367783784866333,
2.985654830932617,
1.9223064184188843,
0.6672967672348022,
-0.7581005692481995,
0.052838027477264404,
0.24766480922698975,
0.9454711675643921,
-1.700060486793518,
0.021567009389400482,
-0.8873462080955505,
2.0843918323516846,
0.7837013006210327,
-4.752742290496826,
-0.8945417404174805,
1.1225090026855469,
1.4698138236999512,
4.170782089233398,
0.21328850090503693,
1.326304316520691,
1.2319263219833374,
0.30296990275382996,
-1.6868642568588257,
-0.2806013524532318,
1.5538052320480347,
0.5193561315536499,
2.2847750186920166,
0.42032966017723083,
-0.8038406372070312,
-2.355768918991089,
2.669673204421997,
-0.21966221928596497,
0.3073662221431732,
-0.8636773824691772,
1.3052330017089844,
-0.15335245430469513,
0.22673049569129944,
-1.5770137310028076,
-1.5608229637145996,
-0.6880772709846497,
-1.8283799886703491,
0.09815937280654907,
-0.9396482110023499,
0.218185693025589,
-2.551687240600586,
3.2116189002990723,
-1.2010724544525146,
-0.5640767216682434,
-2.605705738067627,
3.2505011558532715,
0.37058764696121216,
0.5291591882705688,
-0.5394645929336548,
-2.019893169403076,
1.2998700141906738,
-1.9243109226226807,
-1.1159477233886719,
0.31951162219047546,
-0.8966510891914368,
0.7676154375076294,
-1.8129304647445679,
0.11840064823627472,
-0.2927646040916443,
-0.5528174042701721,
2.0662174224853516,
2.0206692218780518,
1.6516194343566895,
1.3380038738250732,
2.7848925590515137,
-0.8227114081382751,
1.3996107578277588,
-1.2874218225479126,
-1.3037521839141846,
-0.2903936207294464,
1.1843156814575195,
0.526940107345581,
-0.47085845470428467,
-0.1677199751138687,
-1.0604126453399658,
0.34351155161857605,
0.5523717999458313,
1.086350917816162,
0.5195455551147461,
0.08572012186050415,
-0.2552390992641449,
2.4511098861694336,
1.204712152481079,
-1.7855159044265747,
1.636768102645874,
-1.8782676458358765,
-0.928393542766571,
-2.1904194355010986,
0.17359772324562073,
-2.537886381149292,
-0.7132728099822998,
-0.3612167239189148,
0.5510990023612976,
-0.8452482223510742,
0.6886363625526428,
-0.5024986863136292,
-1.2320466041564941,
2.3469486236572266,
-0.20772862434387207,
2.1403567790985107,
0.3676877021789551,
-0.23932303488254547,
-2.5770180225372314,
-0.3902154564857483,
-1.109609842300415,
-2.2908666133880615,
-0.5140854716300964,
1.1066129207611084,
0.5623843669891357,
-1.5597563982009888,
2.1270599365234375,
-0.21042434871196747,
-1.620444893836975,
-0.6364836096763611,
-3.7912893295288086,
-1.6148183345794678,
-0.25238901376724243,
-1.3660215139389038,
-1.6982170343399048,
1.0628023147583008,
-0.20874442160129547,
2.8851702213287354,
-0.48548126220703125,
-0.6554943323135376,
0.698312520980835,
-0.8868057131767273,
0.6485808491706848,
0.2485724538564682,
1.9641976356506348,
-0.4924657344818115,
0.5918035507202148,
-0.11209320276975632,
-0.45287609100341797,
2.0803260803222656,
0.9271742105484009,
-1.2319085597991943,
1.1988027095794678,
-3.841484546661377,
0.49664103984832764,
1.3035078048706055,
-0.1211545318365097,
-1.6586830615997314,
1.0495367050170898,
-0.7989102005958557,
-0.8822432160377502,
-0.006622381508350372,
1.0170143842697144,
-0.0773366242647171,
1.7053649425506592,
1.001898169517517,
0.9795920252799988,
-0.23119661211967468,
0.8612613081932068,
0.3989000618457794,
0.00026507675647735596,
0.4278824031352997,
2.8931233882904053,
0.5409175753593445,
1.1231834888458252,
0.43225008249282837,
0.0535600483417511,
-1.0344699621200562,
-1.324671745300293,
4.348122596740723,
0.9055611491203308,
3.50569224357605,
1.2632145881652832,
0.08729039132595062,
0.046815186738967896,
-0.08977136015892029,
0.4688601493835449,
-2.5964744091033936,
1.073105812072754,
0.7152148485183716,
-0.1466369926929474,
1.5412732362747192,
1.7909276485443115,
1.4114868640899658,
-0.1797075718641281,
-0.5685104131698608,
0.88853520154953,
-1.9499225616455078,
-0.9575697779655457,
-0.772204577922821,
1.3177791833877563,
0.2488061934709549,
-0.23042599856853485,
1.3593155145645142,
-1.4120705127716064,
0.3890701234340668,
0.82053542137146,
-2.3780882358551025,
1.3676674365997314,
-2.2491090297698975,
-2.466856002807617,
-0.12557470798492432,
3.426729440689087,
-1.2394369840621948,
-1.6520344018936157,
-2.1080613136291504,
-1.1495970487594604,
-1.1592159271240234,
0.6306703090667725,
0.7673574090003967,
2.961700916290283,
0.05174684524536133,
0.1574087291955948,
2.38183856010437,
-0.32651370763778687,
-0.8124333024024963,
-0.02802404761314392,
-3.4462618827819824,
1.1832334995269775,
2.1564764976501465,
0.0007367134094238281,
-1.0899779796600342,
0.3198091685771942
] |
are decision making units available similar to human brain ? are they made of neural nets ? | instead of coded logic taking over decision making, neural nets could make random decisions or choices and actual processing units could compute and work further on it. but could neural nets continuously make incorrect decision like human brains do ? | you're asking a question about a theoretical technology that you've only described in a fairly hand-wavy way, so i'm not sure you'll get exactly the answer you're looking for :/ however, you should read up on machine learning and artificial intelligence. these types of systems aren't programmed with information or right/wrong. instead, they learn based on feedback. so, conceivably, you could "raise" an ai agent by teaching it how to do things: praising positive behavior and discouraging negative behavior. this system wouldn't necessarily "know" anything, just what will get it praise or discouragement. so in that sense, it could be wrong on occasion just like a human. | 4 | [] | [] | [] | [
-1.3226101398468018,
0.2768321931362152,
-0.4509091377258301,
-2.239877700805664,
-0.9277725219726562,
-0.42431575059890747,
1.1814517974853516,
0.3697999119758606,
0.447851300239563,
-0.06876923143863678,
0.788418710231781,
1.754928469657898,
1.3814599514007568,
0.34671902656555176,
-0.23312869668006897,
-0.9292712807655334,
1.0991413593292236,
1.1099320650100708,
-1.9920711517333984,
0.27372652292251587,
-0.6925979852676392,
-0.5237051844596863,
1.110898733139038,
-0.6287481784820557,
-0.5730513334274292,
-0.7017649412155151,
0.47395145893096924,
-0.09461888670921326,
-0.5254085659980774,
-0.424865186214447,
0.12283314764499664,
0.19270971417427063,
1.0233232975006104,
-2.025919198989868,
-2.6433115005493164,
1.2244479656219482,
0.2368020862340927,
0.5665555000305176,
-0.15883055329322815,
-0.13912954926490784,
-0.004188612103462219,
-0.6253107786178589,
0.09968999028205872,
0.770465075969696,
-0.28838056325912476,
0.38571298122406006,
0.3976135849952698,
-0.5727285742759705,
-1.2011510133743286,
-0.8501145839691162,
-1.2752397060394287,
0.7332483530044556,
0.7131415605545044,
-1.2546513080596924,
0.265436589717865,
1.185785174369812,
1.188066840171814,
0.009513765573501587,
-1.0085824728012085,
-0.3698413670063019,
-1.1811234951019287,
-0.45770540833473206,
-0.5413535833358765,
1.0415611267089844,
1.5229358673095703,
0.5969200134277344,
-0.8510768413543701,
-0.2030750960111618,
-0.8980815410614014,
0.47782620787620544,
0.5561442375183105,
-0.22147421538829803,
0.35769978165626526,
1.3437453508377075,
-0.6630492210388184,
-1.1031098365783691,
0.16189879179000854,
0.10395656526088715,
1.2215884923934937,
-0.2213764637708664,
0.26237165927886963,
-0.29588598012924194,
-0.07677116990089417,
0.7252996563911438,
-0.17946958541870117,
1.0409718751907349,
0.5334417819976807,
-0.235552117228508,
1.1403765678405762,
0.6466934680938721,
-0.6616572737693787,
-0.24336808919906616,
-0.5800238847732544,
-1.9430687427520752,
0.21071010828018188,
0.33292174339294434,
-0.10643237829208374,
-1.199304461479187,
-2.5612106323242188,
0.7672351598739624,
-1.0299605131149292,
0.47624471783638,
-0.8718998432159424,
-0.28500062227249146,
0.5337611436843872,
-0.837447464466095,
-0.8868821859359741,
0.2607501745223999,
0.9547021985054016,
-1.240135669708252,
-0.899537205696106,
-0.5154268741607666,
-0.47677695751190186,
-0.35574910044670105,
0.8125443458557129,
0.04050832614302635,
-0.49265170097351074,
-0.14848865568637848,
0.5856524109840393,
-1.5214451551437378,
0.6096318960189819,
-0.5306395292282104,
-0.05947911739349365,
1.472839117050171,
0.9482276439666748,
-0.16249090433120728,
0.47317641973495483,
1.3399561643600464,
-0.14151215553283691,
1.2410393953323364,
0.9426776766777039,
-0.6294203400611877,
0.22764286398887634,
0.9599775671958923,
-0.5142718553543091,
-0.5863367915153503,
1.6381915807724,
-0.22938433289527893,
-0.8652269840240479,
0.6530234813690186,
0.3247411847114563,
2.6083624362945557,
0.20720447599887848,
0.6366508603096008,
-0.8291822671890259,
1.049459457397461,
-0.4954468309879303,
-0.7272477746009827,
0.6791466474533081,
-0.043721213936805725,
0.4946224093437195,
-0.25964632630348206,
0.9015132784843445,
-1.7099627256393433,
0.325192391872406,
-0.25422999262809753,
0.5995334982872009,
0.4465963840484619,
-0.9700912237167358,
-0.0436941534280777,
-0.8874412775039673,
-0.4222075343132019,
-0.12805691361427307,
-0.23464280366897583,
-0.15579819679260254,
0.5529835224151611,
-0.3559032082557678,
-0.3037645220756531,
1.8693654537200928,
0.2707040011882782,
0.24824397265911102,
0.03609353303909302,
-1.018550157546997,
0.8381462097167969,
0.030697636306285858,
-0.8337562084197998,
-1.9932703971862793,
-0.45737242698669434,
1.257835865020752,
1.6783645153045654,
0.41315311193466187,
-0.9560936689376831,
0.4196441173553467,
1.648755669593811,
0.16457469761371613,
1.1553831100463867,
0.611914336681366,
0.8122988939285278,
-1.226059913635254,
-0.4731829762458801,
1.0404863357543945,
-0.5569965839385986,
-0.12212127447128296,
0.14446136355400085,
-0.624471127986908,
-0.9590381383895874,
0.03977644443511963,
-0.05877196416258812,
-0.29282790422439575,
-0.8440427780151367,
-2.064718723297119,
-1.3274641036987305,
-0.11155080795288086,
-1.8737658262252808,
-0.8686671257019043,
-0.6867828369140625,
-0.17507867515087128,
-0.20356231927871704,
-0.30025023221969604,
0.7725528478622437,
-0.6617584824562073,
-0.7638128399848938,
-0.4128064811229706,
1.3491485118865967,
1.3936766386032104,
-0.04941585659980774,
-1.2146556377410889,
0.3276662528514862,
0.9543464183807373,
-0.10755309462547302,
-0.5493364334106445,
0.1046052873134613,
-0.13314293324947357,
-1.1584739685058594,
-2.5163748264312744,
-0.6471575498580933,
-0.38933897018432617,
1.2052648067474365,
0.1556931585073471,
1.1339415311813354,
0.18013806641101837,
0.8747316002845764,
0.08579972386360168,
0.2959741950035095,
0.963003933429718,
-0.3137429356575012,
-0.9063267707824707,
-0.3145695626735687,
1.108234167098999,
-0.6835372447967529,
-0.46276092529296875,
0.5186379551887512,
-0.5375978350639343,
0.9064067006111145,
0.4635380506515503,
2.134127378463745,
-0.9285852909088135,
0.6847783327102661,
0.2380671203136444,
0.5687061548233032,
-0.7928682565689087,
0.991794764995575,
-0.6092898845672607,
0.2523583471775055,
-0.14670619368553162,
-0.20479518175125122,
-1.6159842014312744,
1.399513840675354,
0.06557919830083847,
1.2730979919433594,
0.5862101316452026,
0.08852124214172363,
-0.6655806303024292,
0.2679575979709625,
1.3130872249603271,
-0.037698447704315186,
-1.438559651374817,
0.81672203540802,
-1.2150830030441284,
-0.14457234740257263,
-1.9421145915985107,
-0.12590885162353516,
1.4703549146652222,
0.5327443480491638,
0.5150331854820251,
0.17378288507461548,
-0.2164711356163025,
-0.925469160079956,
-1.580077886581421,
-0.3981727957725525,
-0.15245458483695984,
-1.4876115322113037,
0.11478778719902039,
1.415475606918335,
0.28648126125335693,
-0.9121758341789246,
-0.37686464190483093,
-0.8735364675521851,
-0.9171740412712097,
-0.45780351758003235,
-0.34257620573043823,
2.298351526260376,
-0.951828122138977,
-0.2842508554458618,
1.2138088941574097,
0.8016701936721802,
1.2163183689117432,
0.0077076926827430725,
0.2400256097316742,
0.1279810070991516,
0.3239251971244812,
-1.3181203603744507,
-0.3667982518672943,
-1.1221604347229004,
-0.3036459982395172,
-0.7039135694503784,
0.6592290997505188,
0.3531210124492645,
-1.0111761093139648,
-0.43774867057800293,
0.1603110283613205,
0.44919657707214355,
1.1407166719436646,
0.32464614510536194,
0.17873108386993408,
1.052095651626587,
-0.18861696124076843,
0.42659831047058105,
-1.2115973234176636,
0.4567509591579437,
0.08769780397415161,
-0.6397788524627686,
1.3724921941757202,
0.5726315379142761,
-0.43514060974121094,
1.3989074230194092,
0.17418405413627625,
-1.2177374362945557,
-1.02555513381958,
-0.2616975009441376,
-0.36465078592300415,
0.3057984411716461,
-0.6848187446594238,
1.2165040969848633,
1.3830020427703857,
0.768580436706543,
-0.06883633136749268,
-0.16330435872077942,
-0.795213520526886,
-0.11143340170383453,
0.6442469954490662,
-0.040494587272405624,
0.30678755044937134,
0.5812475085258484,
0.05957924574613571,
0.02323251962661743,
0.1393897831439972,
1.0818463563919067,
0.3948698341846466,
1.5142991542816162,
-0.4685148000717163,
1.1287412643432617,
-0.19835633039474487,
1.2117795944213867,
1.9469358921051025,
0.3240928649902344,
-0.8152064085006714,
-0.7869467735290527,
0.7684941291809082,
-0.9659286737442017,
-0.5554847121238708,
-0.5003103017807007,
-0.8460492491722107,
1.8728513717651367,
0.239397332072258,
1.7314453125,
0.32767218351364136,
-1.8963202238082886,
-0.55890953540802,
0.7224908471107483,
0.1906912624835968,
1.1324775218963623,
0.6078567504882812,
-0.9860612154006958,
0.8545325994491577,
-0.07672478258609772,
-0.7196016311645508,
-0.7351894378662109,
-1.2580158710479736,
0.5332733392715454,
0.12663216888904572,
0.5696386694908142,
1.0567601919174194,
0.13248445093631744
] |
why hitting the bottom of my coffee cup (and yours probably...) does this ? | hello ! been wondering since a while now and didn't take time to ask you physics pro. i think video is self-explanatory but here is the thing: as i keep hitting the bottom of the cup the sound is getting higher and higher. it looks like it's linked to the coffee movement. what is the physic phenomenon here please ? i'm not into this but it looks like doppler thing or something ? _url_0_ had i searched better, i would have found this : _url_1_ tl;dr : resonating frequency varying as sound speed increase due to bubbles leaving ! :) | this is essentially the hot chocolate effect. when you first start stirring the coffee air bubbles get trapped inside the coffee reducing the speed of sound in the it lowering the frequency. as the bubbles begin to get released from the coffee sound travels faster in the liquid and the frequency increases again. here is a short wikipedia article that goes into a bit more detail. _url_0_ | 138 | [] | [
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wBHl1CTzkgA&feature=youtube_gdata_player",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/x4tdu/askscience_my_coffee_cup_has_me_puzzled_so_i/"
] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_chocolate_effect",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/x4tdu/askscience_my_coffee_cup_has_me_puzzled_so_i/"
] | [
-1.379049301147461,
-0.40220633149147034,
-0.30777376890182495,
0.6267132759094238,
-0.31515219807624817,
1.238738775253296,
1.0475658178329468,
-0.20184454321861267,
0.4621124267578125,
0.141771137714386,
-0.004717111587524414,
0.2884414792060852,
0.4286052882671356,
-0.28506752848625183,
0.7330421209335327,
0.5002781748771667,
0.11336416006088257,
0.348796546459198,
-2.1205406188964844,
-0.19908995926380157,
1.3142114877700806,
-0.862255334854126,
-0.798223614692688,
-1.013738989830017,
-0.3418881893157959,
0.05125156044960022,
-0.6740440130233765,
-0.027598202228546143,
0.9652928113937378,
0.5694389343261719,
0.522688627243042,
0.6706806421279907,
0.5666405558586121,
-0.668228805065155,
-0.07641839981079102,
-0.6168684363365173,
-0.01235729455947876,
-1.0569628477096558,
0.7583923935890198,
0.9327908754348755,
0.17359843850135803,
-0.8945032954216003,
0.41741064190864563,
0.4145656228065491,
-0.45941057801246643,
0.4825636148452759,
0.3249804377555847,
0.2535899877548218,
0.7730464339256287,
-0.06260056793689728,
-1.2704626321792603,
0.3896111249923706,
-0.4585122764110565,
-0.46341246366500854,
-0.8845998048782349,
0.3120155930519104,
0.08940830826759338,
0.18661165237426758,
-0.8968862891197205,
0.11258560419082642,
-0.20886816084384918,
-0.346641480922699,
-0.645657479763031,
0.9571640491485596,
0.10420819371938705,
-0.08264584839344025,
-1.6147438287734985,
0.25691086053848267,
0.26901206374168396,
-0.20783068239688873,
-1.7168574333190918,
0.45527300238609314,
-0.6215370297431946,
-0.4203656017780304,
0.3509021997451782,
-0.6938663125038147,
-0.6782324910163879,
-0.5924485921859741,
-0.6785524487495422,
0.952073335647583,
0.7588617205619812,
-0.7807228565216064,
-1.0671391487121582,
-1.0230470895767212,
-1.1322944164276123,
1.2417062520980835,
1.8847711086273193,
-0.9714879989624023,
0.2892019748687744,
-0.7272407412528992,
-1.4709968566894531,
-0.2110234797000885,
-1.0120445489883423,
1.536515712738037,
0.7248581647872925,
-0.1676066517829895,
-0.03786911070346832,
-0.8122562170028687,
0.4907180666923523,
0.2944234609603882,
-0.4692389965057373,
-0.13823789358139038,
-1.4127317667007446,
-0.3263152837753296,
-0.636240541934967,
-0.37209999561309814,
-0.25882402062416077,
0.4507724344730377,
0.6925970315933228,
-0.5682902336120605,
0.402145117521286,
-0.11913375556468964,
-0.22315536439418793,
0.2905970811843872,
0.2680949866771698,
0.5622199177742004,
0.5936146974563599,
0.16100437939167023,
-1.2271684408187866,
0.5526403784751892,
-0.20946724712848663,
-1.58097505569458,
-0.5594722032546997,
-0.7408793568611145,
-0.07568415999412537,
-0.18199513852596283,
0.9810572862625122,
0.23870858550071716,
-0.6462305188179016,
-0.04809249937534332,
1.1876757144927979,
-0.283929705619812,
1.0918751955032349,
1.1071480512619019,
-1.1507028341293335,
0.013895750045776367,
0.833000659942627,
0.8261241316795349,
0.4728710353374481,
1.516063928604126,
-0.29296496510505676,
0.6957539916038513,
-1.0986109972000122,
-1.120754361152649,
0.038886647671461105,
0.33583390712738037,
-1.4283322095870972,
-1.3904873132705688,
0.6060279011726379,
0.3959636390209198,
0.9133877754211426,
-0.38427960872650146,
-1.0355584621429443,
0.3241204619407654,
-0.14905697107315063,
-0.21768563985824585,
1.0568034648895264,
0.6571455001831055,
0.6323304176330566,
0.32663241028785706,
-1.3565306663513184,
0.48691868782043457,
0.34694433212280273,
-0.6092051267623901,
0.1337997019290924,
0.4607354700565338,
0.41072389483451843,
0.32873404026031494,
-1.1807324886322021,
1.1768434047698975,
-0.5006952285766602,
-0.22552599012851715,
-0.7104874849319458,
-1.2264961004257202,
-0.6152999401092529,
0.26319384574890137,
-1.1458793878555298,
0.030566362664103508,
0.08921366930007935,
0.5640964508056641,
1.050958275794983,
1.9825581312179565,
1.5780179500579834,
0.03472399711608887,
-0.8324066400527954,
0.5487276911735535,
0.061901360750198364,
0.03211076930165291,
0.30829253792762756,
-0.7413952350616455,
-0.8820432424545288,
-0.8859206438064575,
0.9170938730239868,
1.5979562997817993,
0.27223458886146545,
-0.2081013321876526,
0.6781022548675537,
-0.8732433319091797,
1.2952816486358643,
-0.34484022855758667,
-1.3546184301376343,
-0.748811662197113,
-0.036958493292331696,
0.05786210298538208,
0.991496741771698,
0.36093151569366455,
0.3282001316547394,
-0.30565425753593445,
-0.048150017857551575,
-0.31135332584381104,
-0.7315726280212402,
-1.4771544933319092,
-1.1718543767929077,
-1.0661993026733398,
-0.20638777315616608,
0.41978171467781067,
-0.4758928716182709,
-0.36433014273643494,
-1.4482440948486328,
0.6835142374038696,
0.11863100528717041,
-0.45661604404449463,
0.2932018041610718,
-1.0396912097930908,
0.464134156703949,
-1.506381630897522,
-1.2188239097595215,
1.1499533653259277,
0.3978901505470276,
0.21245096623897552,
1.2967450618743896,
2.3474113941192627,
0.8202695250511169,
1.3441768884658813,
0.5148720741271973,
-0.5315127372741699,
-0.42528992891311646,
1.1385571956634521,
-0.09685540199279785,
-0.15925085544586182,
0.6339689493179321,
0.7432750463485718,
-0.8460159301757812,
0.8120372295379639,
-1.1587364673614502,
1.3494527339935303,
-1.4341731071472168,
0.7516322731971741,
0.5780107378959656,
-0.10335984826087952,
-0.1073136180639267,
-0.18191063404083252,
-1.0815536975860596,
0.5143833160400391,
0.5139054656028748,
0.9804441928863525,
-0.5832732915878296,
-1.6676037311553955,
-0.5510485172271729,
1.1532530784606934,
0.7510497570037842,
-0.00224954541772604,
0.1804484724998474,
-0.4809730350971222,
1.4333841800689697,
-0.18943867087364197,
0.49653202295303345,
0.9271258115768433,
-0.5794408321380615,
0.1351502239704132,
-0.8392809629440308,
-1.1194871664047241,
-1.496687412261963,
0.674652099609375,
1.6791948080062866,
-0.9803743362426758,
0.04815566539764404,
-0.06371963024139404,
-0.1963118463754654,
0.13652174174785614,
-0.04396912455558777,
-0.6737121939659119,
-1.272437334060669,
1.105208158493042,
-0.5377575159072876,
-0.20040751993656158,
-0.5301989316940308,
-0.9952225685119629,
0.6968098878860474,
-0.01909571886062622,
0.6107083559036255,
1.1554276943206787,
2.5058181285858154,
-0.6946096420288086,
1.3632416725158691,
1.7805023193359375,
0.7167805433273315,
-0.3091115951538086,
-0.23306186497211456,
0.45736634731292725,
-1.8769692182540894,
0.326809287071228,
-0.9478189945220947,
0.078500896692276,
-1.3715858459472656,
0.09488114714622498,
0.2308715581893921,
0.389147013425827,
0.16468322277069092,
-1.4791282415390015,
0.6055465936660767,
-0.4721420705318451,
0.04068336263298988,
0.24305029213428497,
-0.5129353404045105,
-0.047187626361846924,
-0.17006707191467285,
1.6789896488189697,
0.0023206472396850586,
0.36642220616340637,
0.417244017124176,
-0.7598450183868408,
0.8430509567260742,
0.4054465591907501,
0.33931225538253784,
1.3210625648498535,
-0.27968719601631165,
-1.2823207378387451,
-0.3027193546295166,
-0.7825825810432434,
0.6537694931030273,
0.6802371740341187,
1.1276830434799194,
0.15413688123226166,
0.7439466714859009,
-0.43121832609176636,
-0.11473619937896729,
-0.1494673192501068,
-0.20769593119621277,
-1.0383940935134888,
-0.34883081912994385,
0.8148338794708252,
0.27061372995376587,
0.05014216899871826,
1.3931632041931152,
-1.3002018928527832,
0.3191832900047302,
0.5281609296798706,
-1.157693862915039,
-1.7863214015960693,
0.5002574920654297,
0.9786905646324158,
0.4617212116718292,
0.5411282181739807,
0.4748661518096924,
0.6029795408248901,
0.7118414640426636,
-0.14648085832595825,
-0.7850472927093506,
-0.4436267912387848,
-0.01735249161720276,
-0.4623473584651947,
-0.5000272989273071,
0.8777555227279663,
-1.4131567478179932,
0.22281795740127563,
-0.3501952588558197,
-0.40586256980895996,
-0.12308454513549805,
0.6507108211517334,
-0.7154797315597534,
1.344359278678894,
0.25994470715522766,
0.31939366459846497,
0.2871621251106262,
-1.2346552610397339,
-0.5213232040405273,
1.7382843494415283,
-0.011560529470443726,
0.724988579750061,
-0.8656380772590637,
2.0433950424194336,
1.2755563259124756,
-0.18175801634788513
] |
do ethics slow down scientific discovery dramatically, or does it not really matter too much? | most of our knowledge of cardiovascular shock in humans comes from nazi germany during the 40s. they also found out exactly how cold you can get before you die. does that answer your question? | 2 | [] | [] | [] | [
-0.8531330823898315,
1.0878424644470215,
-0.01395636796951294,
1.1073065996170044,
0.762732207775116,
0.8438515663146973,
0.3113050162792206,
0.3993794620037079,
-0.11999887228012085,
-0.35927531123161316,
0.1066436916589737,
0.15783777832984924,
0.2712697982788086,
-0.1522827446460724,
0.08366096019744873,
0.03772331774234772,
-0.08517827093601227,
-0.3393946886062622,
-0.5946613550186157,
0.30367857217788696,
-0.21178865432739258,
0.44614458084106445,
0.2684882879257202,
0.1428777575492859,
0.4322524666786194,
-0.31101638078689575,
-0.48076051473617554,
0.4685443937778473,
-0.2048848271369934,
0.3478522300720215,
-0.40583503246307373,
-1.132633924484253,
-0.09999058395624161,
0.006769225001335144,
0.2458215355873108,
-0.13201455771923065,
1.0793752670288086,
0.10822321474552155,
-0.8660239577293396,
0.552907407283783,
-0.5939638614654541,
-0.3082609176635742,
-0.3005070388317108,
0.47083359956741333,
0.5409613251686096,
1.4765822887420654,
0.24314910173416138,
0.5104405879974365,
0.5234102010726929,
0.875637412071228,
-0.6921460032463074,
-0.029620975255966187,
-0.04114772379398346,
0.7513856887817383,
-0.12293130159378052,
-0.12932418286800385,
-0.5003307461738586,
0.05424521118402481,
-0.23334285616874695,
-0.07728758454322815,
-0.202255979180336,
-0.2855379581451416,
-0.02106820046901703,
0.18439717590808868,
0.18379300832748413,
-0.19220471382141113,
-0.11611614376306534,
0.13870307803153992,
-0.5238102674484253,
0.1435079425573349,
-0.08026652038097382,
0.2923153042793274,
-0.37150609493255615,
0.05086742714047432,
-0.5721509456634521,
-0.5393573641777039,
-0.3881959319114685,
-0.6470770239830017,
-0.7128586769104004,
0.19162368774414062,
0.24860453605651855,
0.5011715888977051,
0.19884055852890015,
0.31986990571022034,
-0.3081760108470917,
0.15681347250938416,
0.6169856786727905,
0.16829529404640198,
-0.5725656747817993,
0.458030104637146,
-0.8954594731330872,
-1.018107533454895,
-0.3852892816066742,
0.21841269731521606,
0.13923439383506775,
0.6234657168388367,
-0.12442351132631302,
-0.05359414219856262,
0.41877830028533936,
0.062028251588344574,
0.05823063105344772,
-0.6294271945953369,
-0.21631929278373718,
-0.272780179977417,
0.25391021370887756,
0.015762805938720703,
-0.12385765463113785,
0.7067217826843262,
-0.06454060226678848,
-0.5953025817871094,
-0.16346916556358337,
0.05066370964050293,
-0.07798979431390762,
-0.4605278968811035,
0.1938113123178482,
-0.10472734272480011,
-0.6353503465652466,
-0.27536600828170776,
-0.4301982522010803,
-0.3711080253124237,
-0.009617112576961517,
-0.010969743132591248,
0.2821836471557617,
-0.03677643835544586,
0.38874220848083496,
-0.19450023770332336,
0.0734216570854187,
0.2585943043231964,
0.8633888959884644,
-0.5096570253372192,
1.0237743854522705,
0.5701005458831787,
-0.5046842098236084,
0.2216300070285797,
-0.49575453996658325,
-0.34150660037994385,
0.607249915599823,
0.5805097818374634,
-0.20679806172847748,
-0.5176485180854797,
0.6033684611320496,
0.1458669900894165,
-0.4945814311504364,
-0.030541151762008667,
-0.7439789772033691,
0.05045473575592041,
0.06551985442638397,
-0.05593135952949524,
0.18723136186599731,
-0.9222368597984314,
0.40203866362571716,
-0.16862595081329346,
1.0936318635940552,
0.03303968906402588,
-0.1507740616798401,
0.33085936307907104,
0.5142061710357666,
-0.09731022268533707,
0.15223301947116852,
0.15089482069015503,
-0.4215373992919922,
-0.3307614028453827,
0.06146813929080963,
-0.24534691870212555,
0.8079820871353149,
-0.003851175308227539,
-0.49127084016799927,
0.014688756316900253,
0.8633721470832825,
-0.2532266676425934,
-0.09913461655378342,
-0.12020190805196762,
0.3745114803314209,
0.08150967955589294,
0.08631977438926697,
-0.25822001695632935,
-0.4667990803718567,
-0.8457701802253723,
-0.16546529531478882,
0.7897314429283142,
0.34087350964546204,
-0.06473320722579956,
-0.012655876576900482,
0.7139626741409302,
-0.23436817526817322,
0.30522987246513367,
-0.6868002414703369,
-0.5006967186927795,
-0.4664762616157532,
-0.04097764566540718,
0.5640993118286133,
-0.3893313705921173,
0.4964413046836853,
0.1836092174053192,
-0.2900092601776123,
-0.021152138710021973,
-1.081695318222046,
-0.3776690363883972,
0.026321128010749817,
-0.22393324971199036,
-0.8990561962127686,
-0.23689447343349457,
-0.5446114540100098,
0.08947104215621948,
0.5672580599784851,
0.34385788440704346,
0.27375528216362,
-1.2201921939849854,
0.599833071231842,
-0.31638506054878235,
0.0061500295996665955,
0.7546480298042297,
0.43766289949417114,
0.4665864109992981,
-0.12048608064651489,
0.38568803668022156,
-0.8846485018730164,
-0.024798810482025146,
-0.358427494764328,
-0.029840216040611267,
0.7757521271705627,
-0.7839566469192505,
-0.7048506736755371,
-0.16049383580684662,
0.6549907922744751,
-0.4197145104408264,
-0.5153465270996094,
-0.12491349875926971,
0.24970141053199768,
0.7553179264068604,
-0.6747102737426758,
0.8387346267700195,
-0.3498265743255615,
0.5285157561302185,
0.43902042508125305,
-1.013603687286377,
0.20017129182815552,
0.23295532166957855,
0.5262159109115601,
0.9126186966896057,
-0.22289186716079712,
0.2146451473236084,
-0.23481924831867218,
-0.22796428203582764,
-0.1922282874584198,
0.48310792446136475,
0.16058394312858582,
-0.04063674807548523,
-0.23759840428829193,
0.019607238471508026,
0.019759178161621094,
0.3077370524406433,
-0.23907215893268585,
-0.28793856501579285,
-0.9875439405441284,
0.6991919279098511,
-0.3123103380203247,
-0.31420785188674927,
-0.4652867317199707,
-0.15843290090560913,
-0.8261752128601074,
-0.5568984746932983,
-0.15671652555465698,
-0.8843697309494019,
0.0546068400144577,
0.3736165463924408,
0.7904311418533325,
0.4357905387878418,
-0.2753796875476837,
-0.178218275308609,
-0.3782418370246887,
-0.305558443069458,
0.10259255766868591,
0.45114198327064514,
0.268159955739975,
-0.46228304505348206,
-0.3265558183193207,
-0.021716177463531494,
-0.0994255542755127,
-0.4423404932022095,
-0.27331751585006714,
-1.4473559856414795,
0.18045207858085632,
0.03311021253466606,
-0.249867245554924,
-0.27284568548202515,
0.2236756980419159,
-0.08334580063819885,
0.06221824884414673,
-0.2876777946949005,
-0.4655160903930664,
0.9570231437683105,
0.6433162689208984,
0.09160544723272324,
0.9484297037124634,
0.12303806841373444,
-0.20734980702400208,
0.28942739963531494,
-0.2725544273853302,
0.44537192583084106,
0.1661747545003891,
0.8108344078063965,
-0.38293951749801636,
-0.040633104741573334,
-0.6904324293136597,
-0.3985486626625061,
0.45819199085235596,
0.4835290312767029,
0.3529217839241028,
-0.6932507157325745,
0.5282739400863647,
-0.7861635088920593,
-0.27970486879348755,
0.19097581505775452,
-0.28075602650642395,
-0.40268561244010925,
-0.38435155153274536,
-0.4801638424396515,
-0.3337820768356323,
0.5184563994407654,
0.5442143082618713,
0.03562486544251442,
0.16635842621326447,
0.48601746559143066,
-0.7150769233703613,
0.15305796265602112,
0.008205484598875046,
0.11498501896858215,
-0.4409451484680176,
-0.30568572878837585,
-0.5054901838302612,
0.6320569515228271,
0.7479161024093628,
-0.21180835366249084,
0.20707467198371887,
0.20453201234340668,
-0.36866575479507446,
-0.35957658290863037,
-0.24836070835590363,
0.09310777485370636,
0.4674764573574066,
-0.057947415858507156,
0.482421338558197,
0.800023078918457,
1.0774025917053223,
-0.2135818600654602,
0.23445948958396912,
-0.18366894125938416,
-0.729704737663269,
-0.11367139220237732,
-0.6261944770812988,
0.47689288854599,
0.5051892399787903,
0.2770552933216095,
1.089651107788086,
-0.6304675936698914,
0.4813172221183777,
0.162896528840065,
0.03948691487312317,
-0.9474261403083801,
-0.20432694256305695,
0.30460819602012634,
0.2109292894601822,
0.6050331592559814,
-0.7615517973899841,
-0.13444110751152039,
-0.30812036991119385,
0.24012485146522522,
-0.9052313566207886,
0.11669427156448364,
0.24139240384101868,
0.3234713673591614,
0.16695724427700043,
0.35286667943000793,
-0.24168623983860016,
-0.21486470103263855,
-0.12155704200267792,
0.23313824832439423,
0.2423635721206665,
0.2763373851776123,
0.540069580078125,
-0.4627474546432495,
-0.2847853899002075,
0.15458934009075165
] |
|
if you would lose a sense, say your sight, how will the brain compensate for the loss of said sense? | this review here (freely accessible) summarizes the current view on this topic: _url_2_ in short, the brain does have the capacity to a certain extent to adapt to the loss of a sense. say, in a blind person, visual cortex can be found to show responses to non-visual signals (i.e. auditory or tactile information). timing of sensory loss is widely viewed as critical, as the brain of an infant is more plastic (more able to rewire itself) than the brain of an adult (although integrating recent data on adult plasticity in the brain, the review i linked is challenging this view.). interestingly, restoring the damaged sense after those plastic changes took place in the brain of patients did not lead to them having average performance in the newly-restored sense, again questioning the overall ability of the brain to adapt to changing input. for the cellular/molecular mechanisms underlying these changes, you can start with this wikipedia article, if you're interested: _url_1_ , and then, if you still want, move on to metaplasticity (plasticity of synaptic plasticity), _url_0_ . :-) | 2 | [] | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaplasticity",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synaptic_plasticity",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3898172/"
] | [
-0.4648008644580841,
-1.8707431554794312,
0.5152316093444824,
0.45326822996139526,
-0.8052576780319214,
-0.037441402673721313,
0.8769944906234741,
0.8998435735702515,
2.592951536178589,
0.1499631404876709,
2.314229965209961,
-0.18872089684009552,
0.056439489126205444,
-0.0883830189704895,
-0.3527069091796875,
-1.1448407173156738,
-0.9388998746871948,
0.33718162775039673,
-2.0554232597351074,
1.2536838054656982,
-0.04953944683074951,
0.5393153429031372,
0.1583700031042099,
-0.7536172270774841,
-2.1724507808685303,
1.1546056270599365,
-0.017756924033164978,
-0.8112007975578308,
0.6655231714248657,
-1.235659122467041,
-0.07518619298934937,
2.1107382774353027,
-0.8662413358688354,
-1.7317640781402588,
-0.08199834823608398,
0.5189914703369141,
-0.7031574249267578,
-0.5103565454483032,
0.911128044128418,
-0.9198453426361084,
-0.613008439540863,
1.3842648267745972,
-0.9832608103752136,
1.6728876829147339,
0.7248520851135254,
1.886362075805664,
1.1786953210830688,
-0.248550683259964,
-0.8407654166221619,
-0.7725631594657898,
-1.0660814046859741,
-0.2247275412082672,
-1.8781827688217163,
0.9639772772789001,
-0.7079209685325623,
3.063133716583252,
-1.3417026996612549,
-0.04685609042644501,
0.9981369376182556,
0.9777566194534302,
-0.15816809237003326,
0.6950864791870117,
-1.3891775608062744,
0.9890701770782471,
3.5082719326019287,
1.6903607845306396,
-0.12647566199302673,
-2.662461996078491,
1.0342110395431519,
0.6147209405899048,
2.7254438400268555,
0.594796895980835,
0.43491965532302856,
-0.398352712392807,
2.7289364337921143,
-1.663818359375,
-1.4832121133804321,
0.9100387096405029,
-0.03932826220989227,
-2.757000684738159,
1.7971100807189941,
1.582431435585022,
-1.0005009174346924,
-0.9374569058418274,
0.5190945863723755,
0.7407304048538208,
0.24361802637577057,
-1.1730709075927734,
-3.351689338684082,
0.27659809589385986,
-1.5226538181304932,
-0.24396845698356628,
-0.3244035840034485,
-0.307158887386322,
0.9162609577178955,
-0.2707826793193817,
-0.533880352973938,
-1.321557641029358,
0.4687671959400177,
0.3752983808517456,
-1.6975808143615723,
1.9479960203170776,
-2.4325151443481445,
-0.19342808425426483,
-1.3223810195922852,
-1.2690056562423706,
2.096500873565674,
-0.0915505588054657,
-1.108111023902893,
1.693406105041504,
-1.2000386714935303,
-2.13399076461792,
0.8983627557754517,
0.6022659540176392,
0.4251251816749573,
-0.513983964920044,
-1.3680956363677979,
-1.1092281341552734,
1.1808781623840332,
-0.7972162961959839,
0.1768166869878769,
-1.822935938835144,
-0.6806816458702087,
0.675552487373352,
1.7607461214065552,
-0.9800214767456055,
-1.6171131134033203,
1.8304929733276367,
1.1174921989440918,
-0.4529891014099121,
0.07062393426895142,
-0.5834934711456299,
-0.22715049982070923,
0.8899814486503601,
-1.1943832635879517,
-1.8777960538864136,
2.385429620742798,
-2.8003814220428467,
-0.7496810555458069,
-0.24852702021598816,
-0.6017704010009766,
2.92141056060791,
0.0030015110969543457,
-0.6949125528335571,
-1.4266210794448853,
2.9596846103668213,
0.7543532848358154,
-1.4477638006210327,
1.2609761953353882,
1.174962043762207,
-0.6825675964355469,
-1.2904614210128784,
0.3194773197174072,
-0.1765744984149933,
-2.1917548179626465,
0.3878346085548401,
0.3337985873222351,
-0.002003394067287445,
-2.660794734954834,
1.0130462646484375,
-1.0070115327835083,
-0.1860891729593277,
-2.1617801189422607,
0.4152197539806366,
3.559319257736206,
0.15106576681137085,
-0.4892894923686981,
-1.7881250381469727,
1.0030604600906372,
1.8837852478027344,
-1.1207084655761719,
-1.2049012184143066,
0.34040239453315735,
-0.09062367677688599,
-0.0107278972864151,
-1.7566277980804443,
-3.619478940963745,
-1.637882113456726,
-0.7662671804428101,
0.2949623167514801,
0.4102242887020111,
-2.294278383255005,
-0.11405743658542633,
1.247354507446289,
-1.5279532670974731,
-0.7662391662597656,
-0.8063069581985474,
1.0430879592895508,
1.414855718612671,
0.2274598777294159,
-1.2506103515625,
0.9936918616294861,
0.7008413076400757,
1.5813746452331543,
-0.29862162470817566,
-0.3771887421607971,
1.1447410583496094,
-0.7732016444206238,
-1.097929835319519,
-1.789148211479187,
-2.525923252105713,
0.04273727536201477,
-1.9530227184295654,
-1.3731721639633179,
-1.0548874139785767,
-0.6458404064178467,
0.4249287545681,
0.16708087921142578,
1.4354443550109863,
-0.7576178312301636,
-1.8080228567123413,
-1.3701921701431274,
0.8576118350028992,
-1.3867058753967285,
2.153139591217041,
-0.6078800559043884,
-1.887730598449707,
1.459076166152954,
0.8444337844848633,
1.1425271034240723,
0.7262592315673828,
-1.6917140483856201,
-0.8831630945205688,
-2.375875234603882,
-2.683537483215332,
-0.9885432720184326,
-1.2285146713256836,
1.5714366436004639,
-3.470921516418457,
1.1664267778396606,
1.5863217115402222,
1.0321358442306519,
1.8444442749023438,
-0.5923571586608887,
0.28095772862434387,
-0.7999794483184814,
1.0904090404510498,
0.1542186439037323,
-1.0163288116455078,
-2.788774013519287,
-1.7584612369537354,
1.1378228664398193,
0.007052987813949585,
0.48469462990760803,
-0.1210375428199768,
0.39003443717956543,
-1.7597460746765137,
-0.30020126700401306,
1.2890583276748657,
1.8666609525680542,
-1.6018798351287842,
1.1445252895355225,
-0.500545859336853,
-0.41640329360961914,
-1.1164839267730713,
-0.1404017210006714,
-2.083552837371826,
-0.5149310827255249,
1.2815778255462646,
1.2599859237670898,
0.10219383239746094,
-0.5160943269729614,
-1.5125484466552734,
-0.45363613963127136,
2.3212709426879883,
3.2601475715637207,
0.7899461388587952,
0.5581292510032654,
1.6456074714660645,
0.10672464966773987,
-0.9421485066413879,
-0.27195775508880615,
-0.14736202359199524,
1.403486728668213,
2.3833541870117188,
0.19084405899047852,
-0.24191801249980927,
-4.402029037475586,
-1.8881397247314453,
-0.5967446565628052,
1.3403019905090332,
-3.5485949516296387,
0.6341493129730225,
0.04948043078184128,
-0.5750064253807068,
-2.3076303005218506,
-0.38358432054519653,
-1.4325793981552124,
1.3251436948776245,
0.17144930362701416,
-0.2622908353805542,
1.3274040222167969,
3.4811501502990723,
-0.11993852257728577,
4.130521297454834,
1.2330219745635986,
-0.7513147592544556,
-1.2973172664642334,
0.6910266280174255,
0.04917982220649719,
-1.200326681137085,
0.07655951380729675,
-0.1164780706167221,
-0.5867398977279663,
-0.8369967937469482,
0.7119225263595581,
0.2736656069755554,
-1.0615627765655518,
1.5787500143051147,
-0.37224382162094116,
-1.4056353569030762,
-0.4189012944698334,
-0.5452830791473389,
1.3065714836120605,
-2.6686086654663086,
0.5366247892379761,
-1.7871761322021484,
1.3757293224334717,
0.15861055254936218,
0.06575069576501846,
0.8318527936935425,
0.46908408403396606,
0.14026132225990295,
2.572427272796631,
1.6075822114944458,
-0.4654712378978729,
0.8344104886054993,
0.786590576171875,
-1.8626526594161987,
0.5426604151725769,
-0.14349225163459778,
2.172919750213623,
1.8595658540725708,
-0.3115729093551636,
0.5977257490158081,
1.1349825859069824,
-1.108712911605835,
0.05141168832778931,
-0.7411824464797974,
-0.4106464385986328,
1.9698511362075806,
0.8060965538024902,
0.9381338357925415,
1.0508490800857544,
1.0698165893554688,
-0.43634796142578125,
1.2545298337936401,
4.41217041015625,
-4.202658653259277,
0.026080220937728882,
1.8453898429870605,
2.1798293590545654,
0.6964226365089417,
0.6703759431838989,
2.3644723892211914,
-1.9786947965621948,
0.53852778673172,
1.483347773551941,
0.5933606028556824,
0.8026041388511658,
1.0066579580307007,
-0.5319860577583313,
-0.6285045146942139,
3.56618595123291,
-0.4730195105075836,
0.8775041103363037,
1.6472361087799072,
0.5497511029243469,
0.5776400566101074,
-0.9982556700706482,
-0.6741012334823608,
2.879742383956909,
0.9057564735412598,
-0.807746946811676,
0.9759066700935364,
-0.09600929915904999,
0.6784622073173523,
1.9694194793701172,
-3.5193891525268555,
1.912433385848999,
3.4501516819000244,
3.9953033924102783,
0.08403836190700531,
0.01322387158870697
] |
|
slugs, copper and electric shocks. what is the science behind it? | i've read that slugs don't like crossing copper, and that there is some mechanism whereby an electric current will flow as the slug traverses the copper causing discomfort. how exactly does this work? particularly as the copper will be touching the ground presumably - how is a current flowing? | from what i understand there is not current flowing in the copper, and no actual electric discharge. i don't know if it has been proven, but the hypothesis i've heard is that the slug's slime can dissolve a small amount of the copper it crosses and the dissolved ions interact with ion channels in/on the slug that send "bad" signals. the interaction could be direct or indirect, either with the ions activating certain signal pathways or blocking other things in the slime from behaving normally. | 2 | [] | [] | [] | [
-1.1388204097747803,
0.19347938895225525,
1.524533748626709,
1.318739652633667,
-0.4204506278038025,
-0.10273975878953934,
1.39973783493042,
0.4979674220085144,
0.17142851650714874,
-0.2684893310070038,
0.870477557182312,
-0.17990200221538544,
-1.4953374862670898,
0.25653281807899475,
0.3999123275279999,
-0.5959562063217163,
-0.3478397727012634,
0.8109603524208069,
-1.0068447589874268,
0.7228766679763794,
0.3959580957889557,
0.6043165326118469,
-0.8153409957885742,
-0.3375183939933777,
-2.0139782428741455,
0.18463726341724396,
0.5223585963249207,
0.03460577875375748,
-1.1175172328948975,
0.07311005890369415,
-0.20100966095924377,
0.3064095377922058,
-1.0750141143798828,
0.6462387442588806,
0.1796279102563858,
-0.9917614459991455,
0.33528801798820496,
0.4069916605949402,
-0.7259590029716492,
-0.894780695438385,
0.682668924331665,
-0.6152192950248718,
-0.14638188481330872,
0.060710057616233826,
0.2279358059167862,
0.18445739150047302,
0.892377495765686,
-0.9274822473526001,
-0.42927616834640503,
-0.956796407699585,
-0.3287464678287506,
0.7977675199508667,
-0.212515726685524,
0.14637285470962524,
-0.6041522026062012,
-0.047583550214767456,
1.0917866230010986,
1.1155614852905273,
-0.19672070443630219,
-0.6549190282821655,
-0.19129464030265808,
0.316532701253891,
-0.5929646492004395,
0.3351878523826599,
0.8929344415664673,
-0.5103617906570435,
0.34609848260879517,
0.23721283674240112,
-0.19435185194015503,
-0.29970458149909973,
-0.06466126441955566,
0.29738283157348633,
-1.592334508895874,
-0.33780449628829956,
0.3037984371185303,
1.4730032682418823,
-0.2673298120498657,
-0.43500030040740967,
0.5797746181488037,
0.5076262354850769,
0.2624948024749756,
-0.5145240426063538,
-0.4539642930030823,
0.45748984813690186,
-0.5888293981552124,
1.9007924795150757,
-0.37191909551620483,
-0.6773039102554321,
-1.0380290746688843,
-0.5584068894386292,
-0.31441959738731384,
-0.04111790657043457,
-0.06925353407859802,
0.9450825452804565,
0.5957086682319641,
1.5701491832733154,
0.42901551723480225,
-0.9362919330596924,
0.18448606133460999,
0.0993489921092987,
0.1660079061985016,
0.30983486771583557,
-2.014967918395996,
-0.06987997889518738,
-1.281027913093567,
-0.6606831550598145,
0.8268526792526245,
-0.055523768067359924,
0.48598212003707886,
0.0769437700510025,
0.8955939412117004,
-1.3104324340820312,
0.7561963796615601,
0.2701231837272644,
0.6842756271362305,
-0.4065791964530945,
1.205889105796814,
0.15549936890602112,
-1.1776231527328491,
-0.704826831817627,
-0.3844333589076996,
-0.8179946541786194,
0.4045383036136627,
0.5470775365829468,
0.6850923299789429,
0.20614342391490936,
0.5686912536621094,
0.8236166834831238,
0.08525692671537399,
0.34660089015960693,
0.5706459283828735,
-0.633206307888031,
-0.060945309698581696,
-0.0061830878257751465,
-1.175905704498291,
0.6278361082077026,
0.9916781187057495,
0.1283174753189087,
-1.3047282695770264,
0.8119876384735107,
0.1877235472202301,
0.04010986536741257,
-0.987372875213623,
-0.23129606246948242,
0.120677649974823,
-0.24863126873970032,
1.3194942474365234,
-1.5053400993347168,
-0.18746568262577057,
-0.1587124764919281,
-0.005922555923461914,
-1.2387869358062744,
-0.21676337718963623,
0.4338783621788025,
-0.7238049507141113,
-1.1293268203735352,
0.526248037815094,
0.7012392282485962,
0.809975266456604,
1.0633399486541748,
-1.0814824104309082,
0.29657408595085144,
0.2180071473121643,
1.2287676334381104,
-0.2860246002674103,
-0.07405920326709747,
-0.20267966389656067,
-1.2125890254974365,
0.34898898005485535,
0.2510133683681488,
-0.8905973434448242,
0.18145501613616943,
0.5481470823287964,
-1.7586420774459839,
-1.2976220846176147,
0.5741231441497803,
-1.1411300897598267,
1.2943074703216553,
0.548185408115387,
0.016627058386802673,
0.7391109466552734,
1.3244738578796387,
0.38688603043556213,
0.917646050453186,
-0.5073450803756714,
-0.10473494231700897,
0.741395115852356,
0.442659854888916,
0.32487261295318604,
0.2624162435531616,
-0.7852697372436523,
0.3409128785133362,
0.5862334966659546,
0.6399281024932861,
-0.10765378177165985,
0.5225229263305664,
-0.9258678555488586,
-0.03328746557235718,
-0.16920599341392517,
-0.04425986856222153,
0.24513313174247742,
-0.4346795082092285,
-1.1392383575439453,
-0.15230849385261536,
-0.16459938883781433,
0.19438008964061737,
1.1499438285827637,
-0.8514360189437866,
-1.5087052583694458,
-1.0952918529510498,
-0.23666790127754211,
-1.444056510925293,
-0.8995835781097412,
-0.045991379767656326,
-0.004989162087440491,
0.3067995309829712,
-0.168777734041214,
-0.7808106541633606,
0.6247943639755249,
-0.9269335269927979,
-0.670412540435791,
-0.3382258415222168,
0.7412047386169434,
-0.7445261478424072,
0.37422215938568115,
-0.5939589142799377,
-0.899726152420044,
1.448190689086914,
0.04422113299369812,
0.5548056364059448,
0.11366646736860275,
0.8596968054771423,
0.26934435963630676,
1.0118038654327393,
0.7406208515167236,
-0.10568131506443024,
-0.9516143798828125,
-0.6745836138725281,
0.47747349739074707,
-0.755394458770752,
-0.8385281562805176,
0.7770402431488037,
0.42090266942977905,
0.8729288578033447,
-0.9029033184051514,
0.5106520652770996,
0.17237405478954315,
0.5303771495819092,
0.9424135684967041,
-0.3908248543739319,
-0.24781978130340576,
-0.28988003730773926,
-0.8656025528907776,
1.4477359056472778,
1.3959980010986328,
1.5974817276000977,
-0.4431845545768738,
-0.77241051197052,
-1.2273364067077637,
-0.4091288149356842,
0.32960593700408936,
0.002525884658098221,
-0.135518878698349,
-1.3807685375213623,
0.3550862669944763,
0.29294440150260925,
0.29864364862442017,
1.2765603065490723,
0.34033632278442383,
0.4656282067298889,
0.5202631950378418,
-0.28648167848587036,
0.19387274980545044,
0.30242711305618286,
1.3936914205551147,
-0.7468997240066528,
-0.06417901813983917,
0.5640562176704407,
0.7133778929710388,
1.1670290231704712,
1.0177217721939087,
-0.4640738368034363,
-1.5262131690979004,
-0.19157260656356812,
0.23524686694145203,
0.02758529782295227,
-0.055843085050582886,
-1.9939485788345337,
-0.06643769145011902,
-0.6603595614433289,
-0.30835774540901184,
1.224328875541687,
0.8917558193206787,
-0.8082536458969116,
1.561844825744629,
0.9888270497322083,
0.760918378829956,
-0.6309983730316162,
-0.4221552908420563,
-1.1095435619354248,
-0.1975281834602356,
-0.16817381978034973,
-1.921636939048767,
0.07192642986774445,
-0.4874778389930725,
0.5771095156669617,
0.10392400622367859,
-0.8645139932632446,
0.8997790813446045,
-0.9083259701728821,
-1.6218361854553223,
0.3857797682285309,
0.8546826839447021,
0.08509034663438797,
-1.1732820272445679,
-0.28073567152023315,
0.04340533912181854,
0.4384763538837433,
-0.48377442359924316,
0.5830371379852295,
0.49925708770751953,
0.08297416567802429,
0.9348506927490234,
-0.4348711371421814,
-0.5406814813613892,
0.7476542592048645,
0.6137642860412598,
0.02418343722820282,
0.18390560150146484,
-0.7293646335601807,
0.11104143410921097,
-0.19040349125862122,
0.21694356203079224,
-0.6014458537101746,
1.8161143064498901,
1.5400394201278687,
0.1833646148443222,
-0.6088153123855591,
-1.1509239673614502,
-0.18497329950332642,
-0.7828405499458313,
-0.031683698296546936,
0.6169297695159912,
0.7847011685371399,
0.6622463464736938,
-1.2361536026000977,
-0.6172595620155334,
-0.9139248132705688,
-1.155735731124878,
-1.0763062238693237,
-0.8511386513710022,
1.1151171922683716,
1.847115159034729,
1.2785180807113647,
-0.2938667833805084,
0.5454955101013184,
0.0985465794801712,
0.3443664312362671,
0.7375839352607727,
-0.1417902410030365,
-2.0069403648376465,
-0.8595930337905884,
-0.4947494864463806,
0.36475300788879395,
-0.5352557301521301,
1.2803925275802612,
0.08427697420120239,
0.07583398371934891,
-1.0705864429473877,
1.020172119140625,
-0.5730814337730408,
1.3269823789596558,
0.6732900738716125,
-0.8862497210502625,
-0.4010871946811676,
-0.2407124936580658,
-0.500274121761322,
0.8824290037155151,
-0.3760632872581482,
-0.2690107822418213,
0.6629087924957275,
0.22059229016304016,
1.4356955289840698,
0.14006853103637695
] |
why no electromagnetic induction with a constant field? | why a constant magnetic field does not induct a electric field? i know the formulas and we all accept it, but i am having a hard time understanding this at the electron level. ex: we have 2 wires and if the field changes in one it will induct a field in the another wire. what happens when you push electrons back and forth with acceleration? at constant motion there is no induction. why? | the lorentz force on a charged particle moving in a magnetic field is f=q(vxb), where x is the cross product between v the vector of the particle's motion and b the local magnetic field vector. this cross product is a way of describing how the force produced is always perpendicular to the magnetic field *and* the particle's motion. because the particle is being accelerated in a direction perpendicular to its motion, the force does no work, and no energy is exchanged between the particle and whatever is inducing the b field. its just like a body in a circular orbit around a mass, the force and therefore acceleration is always perpendicular to its motion, so no work is done. in a changing magnetic field, the b field vector is changing so the direction of the resulting cross product is changing as well, which can do work on a charged particle, transferring energy. | 3 | [] | [] | [] | [
-2.063753366470337,
-1.1003872156143188,
-0.8818950057029724,
-0.3544818162918091,
-0.4533037543296814,
-0.12085461616516113,
1.1247398853302002,
0.07362561672925949,
1.1092922687530518,
0.07588034868240356,
2.6332266330718994,
-0.2757416069507599,
-0.20406633615493774,
-1.1288560628890991,
1.1048346757888794,
-0.7615236639976501,
-1.5925610065460205,
1.2796097993850708,
-1.4439425468444824,
0.444862961769104,
0.05194088816642761,
-0.6433054208755493,
-0.23538324236869812,
0.4567946791648865,
-3.093445062637329,
1.2248612642288208,
0.7033370733261108,
-1.8032026290893555,
-0.21420718729496002,
-2.0256142616271973,
1.8794000148773193,
-0.37284010648727417,
-1.8717799186706543,
-0.029111750423908234,
-0.5960227251052856,
-0.09737332910299301,
0.0903395563364029,
-1.116737723350525,
-0.012208692729473114,
0.5367270112037659,
0.25232410430908203,
-1.7880388498306274,
2.1266229152679443,
0.3183257579803467,
1.150339961051941,
1.0661416053771973,
0.9931368827819824,
-0.0513465516269207,
0.7300203442573547,
-1.1866170167922974,
-1.0427849292755127,
-0.41420066356658936,
0.3221127986907959,
-0.902567446231842,
-0.4438897371292114,
3.3634440898895264,
2.4416091442108154,
-0.9604975581169128,
-0.19010011851787567,
-1.0560206174850464,
0.04304104298353195,
0.02539348602294922,
0.2541414201259613,
0.9440025091171265,
2.176966667175293,
-1.6335272789001465,
-0.1933511346578598,
0.03254924714565277,
-0.7604916095733643,
1.6737844944000244,
0.2894204556941986,
0.2616479992866516,
-2.175039291381836,
-1.255587100982666,
3.4307644367218018,
0.08898504078388214,
-0.1251690536737442,
3.4448721408843994,
0.7833364605903625,
-0.0818275511264801,
1.180922031402588,
-0.3513485789299011,
-1.9085626602172852,
-1.123746395111084,
-2.0422987937927246,
3.0504865646362305,
0.7658239603042603,
-0.34211134910583496,
2.154975414276123,
-1.0724583864212036,
0.7582418918609619,
0.2204822301864624,
-1.5504940748214722,
-0.008314989507198334,
2.131232261657715,
1.4513123035430908,
-2.060854196548462,
-2.092226028442383,
0.9211771488189697,
-0.8376705646514893,
-1.5118153095245361,
0.5074242353439331,
-1.9453866481781006,
2.1504576206207275,
-1.8614857196807861,
0.5460957288742065,
0.9181628227233887,
1.711766242980957,
0.028172403573989868,
0.06549425423145294,
-0.14911839365959167,
-0.8392157554626465,
-0.1623462438583374,
-0.9901187419891357,
0.08551941812038422,
-1.0691560506820679,
1.5687211751937866,
1.5411878824234009,
-1.4032783508300781,
-1.1794540882110596,
-0.5791378021240234,
-2.6445798873901367,
-0.9724195599555969,
-0.04413800686597824,
0.8974757194519043,
-1.8000800609588623,
0.8221651911735535,
0.5815106630325317,
-0.04898086190223694,
0.5235893130302429,
3.3831393718719482,
-1.6694663763046265,
-2.1210098266601562,
-0.39932236075401306,
-1.64798903465271,
1.2391631603240967,
1.8443549871444702,
-0.026623740792274475,
-2.155730724334717,
2.4425997734069824,
1.0005004405975342,
2.8472328186035156,
-1.061523199081421,
-2.6798393726348877,
1.2203831672668457,
-0.9420930743217468,
-0.3987842798233032,
-0.8429403305053711,
0.4577009081840515,
2.400447368621826,
-1.2333701848983765,
-2.491374969482422,
0.20331493020057678,
1.5811939239501953,
0.28104084730148315,
0.7798444032669067,
-0.396504670381546,
0.2866017520427704,
-0.1072990894317627,
0.03644058108329773,
-1.6280179023742676,
2.062743902206421,
1.4653900861740112,
1.9870235919952393,
0.09992178529500961,
1.1123062372207642,
0.11377625167369843,
-0.6470860838890076,
0.11654707789421082,
-0.18347717821598053,
-1.8611184358596802,
0.28985321521759033,
0.4485935866832733,
-0.6986840963363647,
1.1012226343154907,
-1.0381968021392822,
-1.4990192651748657,
-0.2840082347393036,
0.4843257963657379,
1.1061327457427979,
0.1362723410129547,
-0.3833227753639221,
3.768094539642334,
-0.26877909898757935,
-0.32623812556266785,
1.9383007287979126,
-0.4130384027957916,
-1.5356471538543701,
0.025991424918174744,
-0.40660613775253296,
1.1437426805496216,
-0.24422147870063782,
-0.8006290793418884,
0.45827966928482056,
-0.21771642565727234,
-0.27458131313323975,
0.7311229705810547,
0.7847784757614136,
0.8874362707138062,
0.6896481513977051,
0.2396813929080963,
-1.2325769662857056,
0.5570681095123291,
0.7488443851470947,
-1.3516809940338135,
1.2001532316207886,
0.7549841403961182,
-0.6290116310119629,
-4.063112258911133,
-0.02787526696920395,
-0.3730585277080536,
-3.881338357925415,
0.34517723321914673,
0.639972984790802,
-1.7369941473007202,
0.6890124082565308,
-0.49570557475090027,
-2.788975477218628,
-0.3099372386932373,
-0.7058542966842651,
-0.3468181788921356,
2.5455880165100098,
0.34821581840515137,
-0.8250125646591187,
-1.689614176750183,
-1.3055222034454346,
-0.09181752800941467,
2.1464667320251465,
-1.1145514249801636,
0.41519784927368164,
-0.05516216158866882,
-0.16625162959098816,
0.5389518737792969,
3.9205732345581055,
-0.07490741461515427,
-1.5687799453735352,
-3.0636792182922363,
0.39850836992263794,
1.3804789781570435,
-2.0266647338867188,
-0.6792975068092346,
-0.13712866604328156,
-1.1985830068588257,
-0.0019617676734924316,
0.2327943742275238,
2.077033519744873,
2.4708850383758545,
0.22414563596248627,
-0.5267278552055359,
0.7726278901100159,
1.101123571395874,
-0.9174169301986694,
-0.0986710786819458,
0.6681275963783264,
0.9751060605049133,
-0.16156457364559174,
0.7592499256134033,
-1.1144837141036987,
-1.6005966663360596,
0.4061899185180664,
-0.05743721127510071,
2.7605276107788086,
0.9613236784934998,
-1.9042139053344727,
-1.260205626487732,
2.234558343887329,
1.1110165119171143,
0.5464563369750977,
-1.8113006353378296,
-0.7915542125701904,
0.2613929510116577,
-0.4799138009548187,
-0.08898559212684631,
0.34809818863868713,
0.41653329133987427,
-2.679055690765381,
-0.558559000492096,
-0.201822429895401,
-0.7523915767669678,
2.0610427856445312,
-2.123077392578125,
-0.05174930393695831,
0.243452787399292,
0.6695210933685303,
-0.15060457587242126,
-0.0948546826839447,
-0.2710244059562683,
-0.07179062813520432,
1.2702248096466064,
0.8856829404830933,
0.6522566676139832,
2.4762966632843018,
1.2147605419158936,
-0.054851993918418884,
1.5423694849014282,
3.290292739868164,
0.08575329184532166,
0.24912461638450623,
-0.18323582410812378,
-0.5697354078292847,
2.6149473190307617,
-1.785340666770935,
-1.2820581197738647,
-0.32968780398368835,
-0.9524622559547424,
-1.0690560340881348,
-0.31444060802459717,
0.5504696369171143,
-2.991706132888794,
-1.1653468608856201,
-2.8940415382385254,
-2.750473737716675,
0.7449509501457214,
-0.46625709533691406,
-2.0266098976135254,
1.257947564125061,
1.4180248975753784,
1.7746343612670898,
-0.2975539267063141,
0.20421427488327026,
0.5345334410667419,
0.2355242669582367,
1.561290979385376,
-0.7032730579376221,
0.07390092313289642,
0.4787253439426422,
-2.311551570892334,
-2.2518503665924072,
0.571707546710968,
0.5449554324150085,
-0.4161546230316162,
0.1743655502796173,
1.7634220123291016,
-0.7783240079879761,
2.05924916267395,
1.3668230772018433,
-1.1171931028366089,
-0.7692841291427612,
-0.6639899015426636,
0.3670543134212494,
0.7384575009346008,
0.19457045197486877,
1.6680277585983276,
1.8952257633209229,
-0.12331898510456085,
-0.7631347179412842,
-0.025799117982387543,
-0.5748109817504883,
-1.1782000064849854,
-0.8146398663520813,
-0.9350944757461548,
1.3000813722610474,
2.0532419681549072,
1.3503875732421875,
-0.9116068482398987,
0.0831066370010376,
1.6874775886535645,
-0.10570327192544937,
-0.5167209506034851,
2.750730037689209,
-0.5968407988548279,
1.6635504961013794,
0.676466166973114,
0.43938809633255005,
-2.2944324016571045,
1.5149290561676025,
-1.8486698865890503,
-0.5351279973983765,
-1.384909987449646,
1.3327336311340332,
-0.9101470708847046,
2.5757522583007812,
-0.6400610208511353,
-1.515608310699463,
1.3501240015029907,
-1.137923240661621,
-1.188477873802185,
0.7110258340835571,
-0.965175211429596,
-0.1817871630191803,
-1.3564226627349854,
0.038628220558166504,
2.157637119293213,
0.6539842486381531
] |
do we have a way of measuring time without relying on earth as a reference point? | been rewatching cosmos again and it got me thinking: every measurement of time (that i am aware of or could find on google) uses the earth and it's motions as a reference. which is totally fair, but when it comes to the time when we leave earth and explore space, it seems to me like we would absolutely need a different and more universal method. i'm especially curious cause i assume this would somehow have to compensate for the fact that time itself progresses at a different rates in different environments? measuring the speed of an object itself even becomes tricky because we always measure it in regards to earth time. we even managed to mess up light years too! super curious if this has been figured out and not useful yet, or if it's something we're still working on. | one second is exactly 9,192,631,770 cycles of the radiation produced by the transition between two levels of the cesium 133 atom. as long as you can find a cesium atom, you know how long a second is. all measurements now (except mass) are defined by a fundamental cosntant of nature. _url_0_ | 5 | [] | [] | [
"http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/second.html"
] | [
-0.8385531902313232,
0.6270499229431152,
0.14771932363510132,
0.7262717485427856,
-0.1361658275127411,
-0.6298036575317383,
0.01732078194618225,
0.580396294593811,
0.940619707107544,
-0.3165198266506195,
1.1086673736572266,
-1.4859497547149658,
-0.13924524188041687,
-0.4541328251361847,
-0.40777063369750977,
-0.6057037711143494,
-0.667665958404541,
0.08054175227880478,
-1.0822862386703491,
0.2826097011566162,
0.9990754127502441,
0.5015912055969238,
-0.8373475074768066,
0.125392884016037,
0.4630032777786255,
-0.11420741677284241,
-0.9447335600852966,
0.16059298813343048,
0.41336286067962646,
-0.6104370355606079,
0.40433818101882935,
0.9074153900146484,
-0.5692896246910095,
0.07039980590343475,
0.8431870937347412,
-0.318289190530777,
-0.015773605555295944,
-0.6978659629821777,
0.17445585131645203,
0.5994042754173279,
-0.1575477421283722,
0.2479683756828308,
0.43152183294296265,
0.3307420015335083,
0.2725844383239746,
0.13715806603431702,
-0.021323278546333313,
-0.13916930556297302,
-0.4779941439628601,
-0.36017000675201416,
0.38795000314712524,
-0.10891548544168472,
-0.5437875986099243,
-0.22356094419956207,
-0.33107125759124756,
-0.38389673829078674,
0.07816174626350403,
-0.43245187401771545,
-0.41695618629455566,
-0.7640761137008667,
0.944557249546051,
-0.32980650663375854,
-0.358289897441864,
0.6153619885444641,
0.6884234547615051,
0.2440098226070404,
-0.29130101203918457,
-1.1586905717849731,
0.3239467740058899,
0.2964839041233063,
-0.3320654332637787,
0.5423543453216553,
-0.40255671739578247,
-0.40479177236557007,
0.21877385675907135,
-0.4596363306045532,
0.21953058242797852,
1.7842609882354736,
-0.37439417839050293,
-1.222734808921814,
-0.05172478407621384,
-0.1862524002790451,
-0.3566974699497223,
-1.1629762649536133,
-0.4611682891845703,
0.48072606325149536,
0.4131679832935333,
0.6286002397537231,
-0.040826763957738876,
-0.5451878905296326,
0.20704056322574615,
0.08148881793022156,
-1.1667799949645996,
0.2826671004295349,
-0.8505866527557373,
0.6671205163002014,
0.41794297099113464,
-0.43648892641067505,
0.8241257071495056,
-0.05126704275608063,
-0.24329674243927002,
0.665127158164978,
-1.3772637844085693,
0.5333412289619446,
-1.203104853630066,
-0.41936153173446655,
-0.0024064742028713226,
0.7313565015792847,
0.510834813117981,
1.0997670888900757,
0.23951730132102966,
-0.7056003212928772,
0.32066166400909424,
-0.012516826391220093,
0.8967983722686768,
-0.2097318470478058,
0.5866122841835022,
0.6895187497138977,
0.31282228231430054,
0.16536933183670044,
-0.4989854693412781,
-0.11488509923219681,
-0.07063880562782288,
-0.49519243836402893,
0.18147115409374237,
0.04746761918067932,
1.0758841037750244,
-0.12937569618225098,
0.6115628480911255,
0.6994998455047607,
0.708218514919281,
-0.39517879486083984,
-0.505059003829956,
-0.2836166024208069,
-0.41153058409690857,
-0.05156581103801727,
-0.3004687428474426,
-0.23818345367908478,
-0.16435381770133972,
0.8300454020500183,
-0.03910529613494873,
-0.18703852593898773,
-0.24771320819854736,
-0.3937932848930359,
0.39954614639282227,
0.38376885652542114,
0.9216262102127075,
-0.645038366317749,
-0.8537745475769043,
0.20385690033435822,
-0.7344672083854675,
-0.2728584110736847,
0.4286724328994751,
-0.2505035996437073,
0.6028514504432678,
-0.49726247787475586,
-0.8304554224014282,
-0.34348928928375244,
0.5130438208580017,
0.7233651876449585,
-1.1565388441085815,
0.6866052150726318,
0.38820981979370117,
0.712558388710022,
0.4380630850791931,
0.17905959486961365,
0.08649805188179016,
-0.37481194734573364,
0.7358289957046509,
0.00260770320892334,
0.8600887060165405,
-0.5307704210281372,
0.6855966448783875,
-0.2720939815044403,
0.3051985800266266,
-0.16412924230098724,
0.0005919039249420166,
-0.28437066078186035,
-0.017568528652191162,
0.6210548877716064,
-0.06937944889068604,
0.2829682230949402,
1.0451253652572632,
0.8666503429412842,
-0.650024950504303,
-0.12067911773920059,
-0.1326422244310379,
0.5220559239387512,
0.3838764727115631,
-0.06271606683731079,
0.07045309245586395,
0.5315070152282715,
0.24306225776672363,
0.03910660743713379,
-0.9910655617713928,
-0.6901575326919556,
0.27561232447624207,
0.4680415689945221,
-0.5993602275848389,
0.21720053255558014,
0.6084677577018738,
0.2958955764770508,
1.0165669918060303,
0.015559405088424683,
-0.026947133243083954,
0.07593492418527603,
0.44615742564201355,
1.135674238204956,
-0.6715976595878601,
0.3984690308570862,
-0.3695593774318695,
-1.9904390573501587,
-0.4765237271785736,
-0.8499916791915894,
-0.20307570695877075,
0.4474220275878906,
0.08966222405433655,
-1.1228623390197754,
-0.28191080689430237,
-0.31970763206481934,
0.9181252717971802,
-0.6043628454208374,
-0.49380820989608765,
-0.5100242495536804,
0.128008633852005,
-0.05507304519414902,
-0.3634788393974304,
0.2950453460216522,
-0.24785564839839935,
-0.24629954993724823,
0.02931433916091919,
1.2788352966308594,
0.36881783604621887,
1.1466765403747559,
1.3424019813537598,
0.2667268216609955,
0.030135780572891235,
-0.33175185322761536,
0.15304946899414062,
-0.2835366427898407,
-0.29332178831100464,
-0.40622901916503906,
0.41895776987075806,
-0.5436676144599915,
-0.294943630695343,
0.2224714457988739,
-0.058211565017700195,
-1.0652265548706055,
-0.182907372713089,
0.013418227434158325,
0.15382422506809235,
-0.6444741487503052,
-0.28527510166168213,
-0.4050765931606293,
0.4927200675010681,
0.08474835753440857,
-0.6489699482917786,
-0.004208922386169434,
-0.8563095331192017,
-0.8203786611557007,
0.6992247104644775,
-0.10834884643554688,
0.05114111304283142,
-0.39435917139053345,
-0.26010560989379883,
1.0901659727096558,
1.4907482862472534,
0.4208381175994873,
-0.17208129167556763,
-0.5934507846832275,
0.2552495300769806,
-0.021387487649917603,
-0.3891865015029907,
0.21741332113742828,
0.5273377299308777,
-0.6122665405273438,
-0.08955200761556625,
-0.9907240271568298,
0.9242756366729736,
-0.38741496205329895,
-0.4289792776107788,
-0.17107652127742767,
0.4498937129974365,
-0.29863855242729187,
0.26810845732688904,
-0.18533998727798462,
-0.2806631326675415,
0.4085249602794647,
-0.13376572728157043,
-0.4257304072380066,
-0.8117972612380981,
1.203331470489502,
-0.1794165074825287,
-0.17694619297981262,
0.20309574902057648,
-0.19560758769512177,
-0.9575555920600891,
-0.13226541876792908,
0.47162914276123047,
-1.1775054931640625,
0.4395851790904999,
-0.18256054818630219,
-0.1838414967060089,
-0.16496071219444275,
-1.3728302717208862,
0.3947947919368744,
0.5737380385398865,
-0.4181138873100281,
1.1955922842025757,
-1.2807061672210693,
-0.23657545447349548,
-0.01307918131351471,
0.7391966581344604,
0.421472430229187,
-0.7236546277999878,
-0.07214407622814178,
-0.4932747483253479,
-0.03713004291057587,
1.0234065055847168,
0.21753767132759094,
0.5943351984024048,
-0.2894672453403473,
-0.27939102053642273,
0.1649923473596573,
1.3140285015106201,
0.7785413861274719,
0.4929443597793579,
-0.15828263759613037,
0.4058467149734497,
-0.22509002685546875,
0.1408081203699112,
-0.23819519579410553,
1.0525949001312256,
-0.051475878804922104,
0.20377978682518005,
-0.12894509732723236,
-0.2103278934955597,
-1.376061201095581,
-0.4808419644832611,
0.3531820774078369,
-0.8415480852127075,
-0.362228125333786,
0.44863206148147583,
0.39842164516448975,
0.3117247223854065,
0.3541863262653351,
-0.2950935959815979,
0.5100805163383484,
-1.510044813156128,
0.025593645870685577,
-0.6519460082054138,
0.3438073396682739,
0.4749738872051239,
0.2993924021720886,
0.3491506278514862,
-0.3079153001308441,
-0.2516881823539734,
0.10615029186010361,
0.30830857157707214,
0.5078491568565369,
0.8334107398986816,
-0.07925722002983093,
0.9122721552848816,
1.172356367111206,
-0.3366125226020813,
0.6471371650695801,
-0.6323046088218689,
-0.05014602839946747,
-0.04245297610759735,
-0.0427570715546608,
0.14690786600112915,
0.6953200101852417,
0.8037548065185547,
-0.6321574449539185,
-0.5293749570846558,
-0.7473113536834717,
-0.20639385282993317,
-0.15175990760326385,
-0.9799109697341919,
0.4842711389064789,
0.6221820712089539,
0.10922479629516602,
0.7231907844543457,
-0.3648039996623993
] |
what would the implications be of controlling respiration over a longer length of time? | hello, i was wondering what would occur if you were to extend the respiration cycle of each breath. what would the long term effect be if you were to do this over a period of time? could this theoretically become a sub-conscious action if done over a longer period of time? thanks! | the rate at which you breathe is controlled (chiefly) by the ph of your blood. consciously speeding up or slowing down your respiratory rate might lead to some unwanted consequences related to blood ph like [respiratory acidosis](_url_1_) (if you slow down your breathing) or [respiratory alkalosis](_url_0_) (if you speed up your breathing). whether these occur also depends on how deep you breathe as well. | 3 | [] | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_alkalosis",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_acidosis"
] | [
0.12395546585321426,
1.4893938302993774,
0.6228221654891968,
0.8634840846061707,
-0.3782074451446533,
-0.4556121528148651,
0.42874670028686523,
0.49924659729003906,
1.4776222705841064,
0.38108712434768677,
1.3331817388534546,
-0.5872153043746948,
-0.6594810485839844,
0.4964008331298828,
0.41398823261260986,
-0.6364477872848511,
-0.18177099525928497,
-0.39823177456855774,
-1.95125150680542,
-0.10544582456350327,
0.20024071633815765,
1.9216431379318237,
0.7740720510482788,
-1.5012167692184448,
0.3190944194793701,
-0.1884530931711197,
1.2733526229858398,
-0.05730138719081879,
0.6813680529594421,
0.252538800239563,
0.08492526412010193,
-0.4916396737098694,
-0.9016817212104797,
-0.8518905639648438,
0.23288370668888092,
-0.17318350076675415,
-0.7208353877067566,
-0.13269275426864624,
-0.6160913109779358,
0.12126915901899338,
0.0517042875289917,
-0.8934836983680725,
-0.3703772723674774,
1.185922384262085,
0.07322917878627777,
1.4297643899917603,
-0.35133448243141174,
1.2272462844848633,
-0.5188578367233276,
0.5808495879173279,
-1.2235808372497559,
-1.045619249343872,
-1.0028266906738281,
1.8156324625015259,
-1.388878583908081,
-0.4738990068435669,
-1.7874705791473389,
-0.9418365359306335,
-1.1881825923919678,
-0.35280027985572815,
-1.374446988105774,
0.9578320980072021,
-0.6182092428207397,
0.939030110836029,
-0.3018156886100769,
0.2594989240169525,
0.40112000703811646,
-0.24690014123916626,
0.7040723562240601,
0.9868260025978088,
-1.3369224071502686,
0.2104446291923523,
-0.913312554359436,
0.3985903263092041,
-0.38338503241539,
0.8385664224624634,
-0.5863379836082458,
-0.4297049641609192,
0.846251368522644,
-0.8901365995407104,
2.121325969696045,
-0.2422640323638916,
-0.31963473558425903,
-0.009381745010614395,
0.4760478436946869,
1.8110415935516357,
0.25282546877861023,
0.19371822476387024,
-1.8820768594741821,
0.3424382209777832,
-1.6089751720428467,
-0.5254353284835815,
-0.6038846969604492,
0.12498331069946289,
1.1864854097366333,
1.4405686855316162,
0.4343130588531494,
0.06580498814582825,
0.5258029103279114,
-0.5646891593933105,
-0.475712388753891,
0.9456239342689514,
-1.789852499961853,
0.6285194158554077,
0.6179062128067017,
-1.0627652406692505,
-0.5445787906646729,
-0.46616724133491516,
0.82884681224823,
0.40270936489105225,
-0.8595402240753174,
0.03796413540840149,
0.44089725613594055,
-0.7770264744758606,
1.5877753496170044,
1.573198914527893,
-1.5325217247009277,
0.31464704871177673,
-0.11701686680316925,
-0.2629307210445404,
-1.2401758432388306,
-1.7676790952682495,
-0.6718151569366455,
-1.052287220954895,
1.0364245176315308,
-0.5505874752998352,
0.7869194746017456,
0.33856311440467834,
0.9783917665481567,
0.041669782251119614,
0.9085475206375122,
-0.43092599511146545,
0.632168173789978,
-0.5470601320266724,
-1.2901394367218018,
-1.0316394567489624,
1.1770877838134766,
1.060025691986084,
-1.496360182762146,
0.2657679319381714,
-0.10092994570732117,
0.8246666193008423,
-0.6556956768035889,
0.4932229518890381,
-1.090036392211914,
1.4607388973236084,
-0.22507546842098236,
-1.0053329467773438,
-0.5503105521202087,
-1.2515214681625366,
-1.11941397190094,
-0.8201004266738892,
1.4459664821624756,
-1.8802056312561035,
0.061006098985672,
-1.1109144687652588,
-0.404901921749115,
1.0400054454803467,
0.444669634103775,
0.13828781247138977,
-2.0530755519866943,
-0.9209955334663391,
-0.8416502475738525,
0.6891791820526123,
0.6599674224853516,
1.4568719863891602,
-0.18107114732265472,
-0.049282170832157135,
-1.1841641664505005,
0.006261199712753296,
-0.7801911234855652,
-0.21813538670539856,
0.5845083594322205,
-1.1787831783294678,
-1.0886566638946533,
0.23270390927791595,
-0.8293067216873169,
-0.719377875328064,
-0.1497730314731598,
-0.5725522041320801,
2.376950740814209,
1.4399325847625732,
1.3329054117202759,
-0.07543286681175232,
-0.2728515863418579,
-1.4038654565811157,
-1.0604133605957031,
0.9327628016471863,
0.1445300281047821,
0.47690272331237793,
-0.5838289260864258,
-0.5071746110916138,
-0.3391411602497101,
-0.0577513724565506,
-0.48358309268951416,
-1.1583940982818604,
0.11280845105648041,
-0.2920396625995636,
-0.246334046125412,
-0.06876437366008759,
0.4008874297142029,
-1.653038740158081,
-0.2908910810947418,
-1.2782377004623413,
1.097630500793457,
0.6843451857566833,
-1.1649984121322632,
0.1743941307067871,
1.3491557836532593,
-0.9266493320465088,
-1.0132865905761719,
0.19029277563095093,
0.5129281282424927,
-0.7759438753128052,
-0.24227342009544373,
0.13072817027568817,
-1.1619658470153809,
0.701407790184021,
-0.5886969566345215,
0.24128101766109467,
0.9597703218460083,
-0.4757736325263977,
-0.2410978078842163,
-1.4800797700881958,
-0.06074577569961548,
-0.34471645951271057,
-0.13545368611812592,
1.7071996927261353,
0.2915574312210083,
1.5581963062286377,
2.1468822956085205,
0.6489923000335693,
-0.11680269241333008,
-0.180510014295578,
-0.197282612323761,
-0.05121354013681412,
1.6839005947113037,
-0.06978385150432587,
0.7577702403068542,
0.3364174962043762,
-0.9844518899917603,
-0.052732110023498535,
0.2699536085128784,
1.5060076713562012,
-0.8744723796844482,
0.34963539242744446,
0.10862870514392853,
1.488364815711975,
0.38057368993759155,
1.8644801378250122,
-1.1820513010025024,
0.7772397994995117,
-0.11613398790359497,
0.43431395292282104,
-0.7160499691963196,
0.22698327898979187,
-1.634406328201294,
-1.1174719333648682,
-0.6936460733413696,
-1.5426256656646729,
0.16710415482521057,
-0.028231844305992126,
-0.5400068759918213,
-0.9624558687210083,
1.669501543045044,
0.13335172832012177,
0.2155962884426117,
1.3849313259124756,
0.3224402964115143,
0.04098781943321228,
0.6700465679168701,
-2.0127196311950684,
-0.9248746633529663,
-0.0014263540506362915,
1.1543002128601074,
0.421695351600647,
-1.1189789772033691,
1.4593415260314941,
1.0307484865188599,
0.43785911798477173,
-0.10849106311798096,
-2.4259865283966064,
-0.8564571142196655,
0.5438683032989502,
-0.629875659942627,
-0.8737720847129822,
1.1626722812652588,
0.3238264322280884,
-0.22208476066589355,
-0.21121834218502045,
-0.6935434341430664,
1.339280605316162,
2.416062355041504,
0.07838597893714905,
0.38485732674598694,
0.21291065216064453,
-0.4038791060447693,
0.02848789095878601,
0.7651843428611755,
-1.0321067571640015,
-1.31376314163208,
-0.01687099225819111,
-1.6581072807312012,
1.3572168350219727,
-2.5415029525756836,
0.6000216603279114,
-0.9064617156982422,
0.27333036065101624,
-0.2381214201450348,
-1.2455735206604004,
-0.41694176197052,
-0.7999510765075684,
0.42683160305023193,
-0.0704587996006012,
-0.9698610901832581,
0.8379591703414917,
-1.5594110488891602,
0.2412593960762024,
0.5003252029418945,
0.31399282813072205,
0.13926249742507935,
-0.7624601721763611,
2.1868045330047607,
1.6440750360488892,
1.251347541809082,
-0.4905201494693756,
1.1665523052215576,
-0.20653681457042694,
-1.2122116088867188,
-0.5873836874961853,
1.5088708400726318,
1.4680542945861816,
2.1587178707122803,
-0.31598231196403503,
1.296952247619629,
-0.08921581506729126,
-0.10202997177839279,
0.4537528157234192,
-0.020572930574417114,
-1.12881600856781,
0.4870571494102478,
0.8789141178131104,
0.3094462454319,
0.9379467964172363,
1.8845750093460083,
-0.4790951907634735,
0.5548449754714966,
0.09841911494731903,
-2.583383083343506,
-0.48240041732788086,
-0.31117725372314453,
1.8048954010009766,
-0.02511991560459137,
-0.09258760511875153,
0.51984703540802,
-1.2944273948669434,
0.8395230770111084,
-1.0654977560043335,
-0.07357843965291977,
0.4435507357120514,
-0.37200361490249634,
-0.3154720962047577,
-0.4600229263305664,
1.183752417564392,
-0.3017132878303528,
-0.289581835269928,
2.6336867809295654,
-0.5540298223495483,
-0.016153618693351746,
1.4793012142181396,
-0.39570727944374084,
1.0793825387954712,
1.4069184064865112,
0.06219412386417389,
-0.5154163837432861,
-0.8220288157463074,
-0.4184403419494629,
0.15756484866142273,
-1.1434897184371948,
1.4967389106750488,
0.9928843975067139,
1.5883259773254395,
0.5444028377532959,
-0.10804659128189087
] |
how do you forecast wind? i understand being able to forecast things like rain, snow, and sunny days based on cloud formations? but how can someone determine if a day in the future will be windy, and how strong that wind will be? | weather forecasting actually \*starts\* with figuring out the winds: you need to know how hot and cold air and humidity are moved around by the wind before you can forecast temperature and rainfall. it all starts with newton's second law of motion "f=m\*a", and estimating the forces on any given mass of air to find out how it accelerates. air pressure, gravity, and friction are the most important forces, but the fact that the earth is rotating plays a key role too. as the forces move the air around, the temperature and pressure change, so it's a pretty complicated set of interacting equations. in the vertical direction, there's usually a balance between air pressure forces and gravity which we call "hydrostatic balance". in the horizontal direction, usually air pressure balances against "coriolis forces" caused by earth's rotation. this is called "geostrophic balance". geostrophic balance causes the wind to go in a circular motion, orbiting around regions of high and low pressure. but to go beyond this, to find out how those high and low pressure regions change over time and actually predict the weather, you really need a computer. i hope that's a satisfying enough answer: to get into more detail than this, unfortunately you need at least a couple years of preparation in calculus and physics to understand the equations. it's not an easy problem! | 38 | [] | [] | [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buys_Ballot%27s_law"
] | [
-3.596209764480591,
0.49329066276550293,
2.1321098804473877,
0.5549352169036865,
0.9123764038085938,
-0.07313255220651627,
-0.8478349447250366,
-0.257072389125824,
2.8040554523468018,
-0.19193819165229797,
1.5622518062591553,
0.9538686871528625,
0.07466990500688553,
0.2282629907131195,
-0.10598054528236389,
0.20878049731254578,
-1.7546660900115967,
-2.4323196411132812,
-2.720803737640381,
0.8681416511535645,
1.679853916168213,
0.8938718438148499,
-0.6292328834533691,
0.676718533039093,
-1.322007656097412,
0.3415999412536621,
-1.0749871730804443,
0.5843632817268372,
0.7808468341827393,
-0.34069132804870605,
-0.4999067783355713,
0.27319008111953735,
-0.03020937740802765,
-1.582667589187622,
-1.9742788076400757,
1.3165291547775269,
0.7352295517921448,
-1.1413145065307617,
-1.4053884744644165,
1.2479407787322998,
0.3487817645072937,
-2.5698578357696533,
2.1088712215423584,
1.1648691892623901,
0.2983945906162262,
2.9660868644714355,
1.8950495719909668,
1.325414776802063,
0.9457512497901917,
0.4091629385948181,
-2.4417803287506104,
-0.2917984127998352,
0.18875518441200256,
-1.871192455291748,
0.9230064153671265,
1.4438238143920898,
2.963327169418335,
-1.0682809352874756,
0.9459497928619385,
-2.8953757286071777,
1.1278022527694702,
0.985810399055481,
-1.4040231704711914,
2.1455163955688477,
4.210325717926025,
0.8047810792922974,
-1.1073052883148193,
0.5560236573219299,
-1.9204388856887817,
2.075963020324707,
-1.1047430038452148,
0.5844972133636475,
-0.8302798271179199,
-2.3699865341186523,
2.052133560180664,
-2.2561426162719727,
0.6730262041091919,
1.9338191747665405,
1.6115329265594482,
-0.9782053828239441,
3.638263463973999,
-0.9288281798362732,
-3.1317944526672363,
0.5086075067520142,
-1.5479052066802979,
0.460716187953949,
2.790806770324707,
0.171464204788208,
4.278590202331543,
-1.0903645753860474,
-0.7418197989463806,
-2.031487464904785,
-1.973059892654419,
0.7191263437271118,
1.0184589624404907,
4.103997707366943,
-2.373281955718994,
-3.3989369869232178,
-0.35035285353660583,
-1.829150676727295,
0.315316379070282,
0.0026925206184387207,
-2.4852306842803955,
2.61360502243042,
-1.319942593574524,
-0.3355426490306854,
0.6562433838844299,
0.26617908477783203,
0.20766520500183105,
0.1786244958639145,
-1.927239179611206,
-0.289040207862854,
1.744369626045227,
-3.4312965869903564,
-1.254409670829773,
-0.947150707244873,
0.4225847125053406,
0.33871933817863464,
-2.761835813522339,
-1.9595911502838135,
-1.8706884384155273,
-2.3996379375457764,
-0.04522218555212021,
1.0676714181900024,
2.916949987411499,
-0.23577041923999786,
-0.7495094537734985,
0.680975615978241,
1.1848723888397217,
-3.4166438579559326,
3.622246742248535,
-0.5010865926742554,
-2.1857051849365234,
-1.6459605693817139,
-1.3381987810134888,
-0.5478745102882385,
3.3834924697875977,
0.711809515953064,
-0.6296681761741638,
3.395376682281494,
0.9886832237243652,
1.9548184871673584,
-1.4652416706085205,
-3.152381181716919,
1.2117942571640015,
0.9956755638122559,
-0.660699725151062,
-1.8786110877990723,
-0.8219110369682312,
-2.853233814239502,
-1.1914770603179932,
-2.9178855419158936,
0.8954192399978638,
-0.008360553532838821,
0.9649776220321655,
-0.0518336147069931,
-0.3831093907356262,
0.008215591311454773,
1.0590378046035767,
0.5337956547737122,
-3.701963424682617,
1.4184060096740723,
-0.11998452246189117,
1.39718759059906,
0.5651620030403137,
1.9449164867401123,
-0.29025623202323914,
0.1936298906803131,
1.5282714366912842,
-0.5477601289749146,
-0.8343008756637573,
-0.030100034549832344,
2.4322891235351562,
-0.30959564447402954,
1.6564784049987793,
1.6647777557373047,
-2.7042181491851807,
-0.5796318650245667,
0.976046085357666,
1.879952073097229,
1.0085195302963257,
-1.2142361402511597,
4.514922618865967,
1.4338833093643188,
0.3235578238964081,
0.39757418632507324,
-1.94062340259552,
-0.9263943433761597,
-2.3950164318084717,
-1.6262825727462769,
0.7913588881492615,
-1.8075553178787231,
2.0128064155578613,
2.436580181121826,
-3.177351474761963,
2.7133731842041016,
-1.02040696144104,
1.5824998617172241,
-0.6011307239532471,
-0.6292836666107178,
-1.5412569046020508,
1.439322590827942,
1.7002432346343994,
-0.6252906322479248,
-0.6724962592124939,
-0.04589205980300903,
2.098870277404785,
-0.7295830249786377,
-2.306262493133545,
1.008254051208496,
1.620530366897583,
-2.5174593925476074,
-1.2746663093566895,
-1.4041392803192139,
0.4415434002876282,
1.3120449781417847,
0.08533190190792084,
-1.9216917753219604,
-3.1828677654266357,
-1.630394697189331,
1.1776608228683472,
2.152210235595703,
1.645037293434143,
-2.268361806869507,
-2.331662178039551,
-1.1417031288146973,
-3.5102102756500244,
0.8214777708053589,
-0.04123365134000778,
2.039879560470581,
0.5608958601951599,
-0.70939701795578,
1.2525537014007568,
3.707354784011841,
-0.27450311183929443,
-3.413771629333496,
-1.7679052352905273,
2.4897656440734863,
2.4582011699676514,
-0.7167643308639526,
-1.1582763195037842,
-0.42840611934661865,
-0.716639518737793,
1.4043216705322266,
0.4069133400917053,
-1.6588236093521118,
-0.5116317272186279,
-0.19389991462230682,
-0.49518680572509766,
0.4811449646949768,
0.2518499493598938,
-0.6162053942680359,
-1.997032880783081,
2.1193907260894775,
-3.2664225101470947,
1.268264651298523,
0.8359962701797485,
0.11752559244632721,
-4.242982864379883,
2.607661485671997,
-0.9399677515029907,
1.2262744903564453,
-1.0331670045852661,
-2.0910112857818604,
1.3362393379211426,
1.2581340074539185,
5.061939239501953,
-1.1808171272277832,
-1.0587708950042725,
0.24996888637542725,
0.5220108032226562,
-2.427255153656006,
-1.252737045288086,
-0.688481330871582,
1.8519104719161987,
-1.9972745180130005,
-0.6970973610877991,
0.4287518560886383,
0.531654417514801,
1.111234188079834,
-2.9602651596069336,
-1.6841917037963867,
0.9426562786102295,
-0.05391772836446762,
0.16010843217372894,
0.6056052446365356,
-0.2806854546070099,
-0.8575025796890259,
0.6838606595993042,
-1.283989429473877,
0.8461672067642212,
1.5442882776260376,
2.344029188156128,
1.2801377773284912,
1.4429185390472412,
1.6546212434768677,
1.0469337701797485,
0.08476623892784119,
2.3402187824249268,
0.3998706638813019,
4.458202362060547,
-0.6865454912185669,
-3.3328793048858643,
-1.245119571685791,
-2.045891284942627,
0.10993051528930664,
-0.02014477550983429,
1.6248080730438232,
-3.7888498306274414,
-0.7354651689529419,
-0.4040287733078003,
-1.761712670326233,
1.3218352794647217,
0.9355224967002869,
-1.467857837677002,
1.832979440689087,
0.5002217888832092,
-0.5269428491592407,
-0.21530818939208984,
-0.16352522373199463,
0.789210855960846,
-0.3767339885234833,
1.2864253520965576,
0.569911003112793,
-1.9062424898147583,
1.7766022682189941,
1.3236407041549683,
-1.3615968227386475,
-1.2310564517974854,
-0.6464811563491821,
-0.13969874382019043,
1.4626305103302002,
2.8180277347564697,
-0.27642229199409485,
0.8561835885047913,
1.0249130725860596,
-0.6541632413864136,
-0.49527910351753235,
-2.302314043045044,
0.890214741230011,
1.417830228805542,
1.0292317867279053,
1.6662176847457886,
0.5832991003990173,
1.869567632675171,
0.0290442556142807,
-0.23622168600559235,
-0.3325459957122803,
-1.5087780952453613,
0.683605432510376,
-1.052337884902954,
1.4466888904571533,
-1.5398507118225098,
-1.1569931507110596,
-0.28019165992736816,
0.40148937702178955,
-0.2909526228904724,
0.9033895134925842,
-1.106321096420288,
0.0840250700712204,
0.4974397122859955,
3.1332337856292725,
0.20462863147258759,
2.413904905319214,
0.5548386573791504,
3.3245885372161865,
-3.2938859462738037,
-1.268331527709961,
-0.44532811641693115,
0.33090826869010925,
1.0536904335021973,
1.6683037281036377,
1.2600115537643433,
0.16615146398544312,
2.2621994018554688,
0.38154685497283936,
-1.5520142316818237,
0.11371730268001556,
-2.1968274116516113,
-1.7552319765090942,
-2.864922285079956,
2.4272491931915283,
-0.43946826457977295,
1.8139989376068115
] |
|
why do humans experience pareidolia? | why is it that when i stare into the carpet or at a wall i see things that aren't there? also does it say something about one's mental health if they see something dark and twisted verus something more neutral or possibly good? | it is evolutionarily advantageous to find patterns, even when there's hardly any data. the ancient hominids who *didn't* recognize the camouflaged snake in the tree they were climbing probably got bitten, died, and had no children. freaking out over illusions is preferential to ignoring dangerous situations which aren't visually striking, from the perspective of natural selection. | 5 | [] | [] | [] | [
-0.2987692356109619,
0.7423340678215027,
-0.2338481992483139,
0.4773327708244324,
0.6131000518798828,
-0.450124591588974,
0.30146583914756775,
-0.19003775715827942,
0.22777901589870453,
0.35903143882751465,
0.9705385565757751,
-0.07479145377874374,
0.40433186292648315,
-0.06555627286434174,
-0.26206856966018677,
-0.05649644136428833,
-0.1632399559020996,
-0.3628747761249542,
-0.8575636148452759,
0.1297537237405777,
-0.3898552656173706,
-0.41783902049064636,
0.45728886127471924,
-0.047730401158332825,
-0.21318143606185913,
-0.03244435787200928,
-0.5802878737449646,
-0.046009961515665054,
0.29087144136428833,
-0.3064197897911072,
0.08140528202056885,
0.5785171985626221,
0.22207897901535034,
-0.7518495321273804,
-0.5199552178382874,
0.15723153948783875,
-0.006880510598421097,
-0.1351340264081955,
0.4594117999076843,
-0.5366600751876831,
-0.41352352499961853,
1.0068252086639404,
-0.046322114765644073,
0.12377907335758209,
-0.15661932528018951,
0.18682031333446503,
-0.4617462754249573,
-0.13360029458999634,
-0.8924170732498169,
-0.5310444831848145,
-0.14288625121116638,
0.15705490112304688,
-0.4205508232116699,
-1.3373886346817017,
-0.04160057008266449,
0.46897822618484497,
-0.18718364834785461,
-0.5925884246826172,
0.04080304503440857,
-0.049847111105918884,
0.011298112571239471,
-0.3149788975715637,
-0.2618337571620941,
-0.2135678231716156,
0.5047447681427002,
-0.19350533187389374,
-0.5578837394714355,
-0.20742149651050568,
0.9230663776397705,
0.789185643196106,
0.8022577166557312,
0.15768010914325714,
-0.06044357270002365,
0.7577630877494812,
-0.5996081233024597,
0.21548733115196228,
-0.028589121997356415,
-0.03545138239860535,
-0.29884663224220276,
-0.5515836477279663,
-0.9018304347991943,
-0.3966093063354492,
0.2711721658706665,
0.3766915202140808,
0.34834760427474976,
-0.028666798025369644,
0.25178250670433044,
-0.3876437246799469,
0.3038710951805115,
0.8399980068206787,
-0.037935495376586914,
-0.12666022777557373,
0.7262495756149292,
-0.20246176421642303,
-0.0769781768321991,
0.3579249083995819,
0.43362584710121155,
0.23335692286491394,
-0.7076102495193481,
0.3218112587928772,
-0.2514776587486267,
0.2766919434070587,
-0.5471481084823608,
0.7625349760055542,
0.1607256382703781,
-0.5965657830238342,
-0.3960491716861725,
-0.8278529047966003,
0.29141396284103394,
0.35615861415863037,
0.18163195252418518,
-0.6679617166519165,
0.5026400089263916,
0.7164890766143799,
-0.590621829032898,
-0.8371333479881287,
0.5336053371429443,
0.19188451766967773,
-0.5434355735778809,
-0.5747132301330566,
0.2888339161872864,
-0.2077028453350067,
1.0487735271453857,
-0.03750406205654144,
0.35750335454940796,
0.03503461182117462,
0.22152064740657806,
0.3308897614479065,
0.09397310018539429,
-0.6484383940696716,
0.3913649320602417,
-0.8371195793151855,
0.34019967913627625,
-0.03231121599674225,
-0.9614839553833008,
0.012483716011047363,
0.47681495547294617,
0.4801415205001831,
-0.8218633532524109,
0.009470060467720032,
0.3541503846645355,
0.05249360203742981,
0.9046758413314819,
0.9513899087905884,
0.016584545373916626,
-0.12210580706596375,
-0.066957488656044,
0.002192944288253784,
0.04365653544664383,
-0.42017272114753723,
-0.37479501962661743,
-0.7561904788017273,
-0.6851282119750977,
-0.0845191478729248,
-0.33944153785705566,
0.1376906931400299,
-0.5785238742828369,
0.5687044858932495,
0.006220415234565735,
-0.4926636815071106,
0.36944931745529175,
0.5707285404205322,
0.28745096921920776,
0.4823547899723053,
0.22296102344989777,
0.03376109153032303,
-0.28599733114242554,
0.42813730239868164,
0.21074245870113373,
-0.1447213739156723,
0.3467785120010376,
-0.3334096074104309,
0.23481279611587524,
-0.26056522130966187,
0.20000490546226501,
-0.08232198655605316,
-1.7788206338882446,
0.4175879955291748,
-0.2851206660270691,
0.9629140496253967,
0.33484604954719543,
-0.58610999584198,
-0.5081418752670288,
0.9501962065696716,
-0.14353857934474945,
0.18836581707000732,
0.24997775256633759,
0.5554527044296265,
-0.43578511476516724,
0.05361536890268326,
0.19538047909736633,
-0.7738691568374634,
0.5898606777191162,
0.600197434425354,
-0.01965322345495224,
-0.3358358144760132,
0.04720853269100189,
-0.1706385314464569,
0.0036327093839645386,
-0.12273891270160675,
-0.925820529460907,
-0.33276718854904175,
-0.029269501566886902,
-0.7589502334594727,
0.3450494408607483,
-0.28737497329711914,
-0.09085927903652191,
0.16628602147102356,
0.4624152183532715,
0.5223015546798706,
-0.15343616902828217,
-0.6422779560089111,
-0.07820695638656616,
0.10608593374490738,
0.6862329840660095,
-0.37060457468032837,
-0.34523728489875793,
0.2845115661621094,
0.754107654094696,
-0.030517086386680603,
-0.3138793706893921,
-0.9600247144699097,
0.1320367008447647,
-0.5537692308425903,
-0.5364415049552917,
-0.10543149709701538,
0.6551133394241333,
-0.1785116195678711,
-0.5496282577514648,
0.1996644139289856,
-0.4603036046028137,
0.27051815390586853,
-0.2636275887489319,
-0.3403239846229553,
-0.08316656947135925,
0.044800978153944016,
0.9120241403579712,
0.10413742065429688,
0.7492654919624329,
0.05827225744724274,
-0.6033507585525513,
0.5059917569160461,
-0.6608996391296387,
0.31445905566215515,
0.5157428979873657,
0.5618343949317932,
-0.7789959907531738,
-0.3751983642578125,
0.21938462555408478,
0.617403507232666,
-0.42419159412384033,
0.6330922245979309,
-0.28493303060531616,
-0.4018579125404358,
0.012445330619812012,
0.18045544624328613,
-0.5503164529800415,
0.3008725047111511,
0.32622185349464417,
0.7575002312660217,
0.3496437966823578,
0.039040274918079376,
-0.7296442985534668,
-0.30854710936546326,
-0.21503442525863647,
0.08741196990013123,
-0.8509546518325806,
0.8468643426895142,
0.08568677306175232,
-0.030213061720132828,
-0.55828857421875,
0.7726059556007385,
0.33511754870414734,
-0.47049081325531006,
0.45868825912475586,
0.9411864280700684,
0.4151078462600708,
-0.3558396100997925,
0.13787594437599182,
-1.2352073192596436,
0.0066378116607666016,
-0.949033260345459,
-0.08206050843000412,
0.22005611658096313,
0.19116494059562683,
0.08201013505458832,
-0.2674887180328369,
0.11059180647134781,
0.2515012323856354,
-0.09571029990911484,
-0.12298505008220673,
1.2739847898483276,
0.10547484457492828,
-0.9621561765670776,
0.5792633295059204,
-0.1644568145275116,
-0.7462528944015503,
-0.6160468459129333,
-0.30550235509872437,
0.7115051746368408,
-0.21724319458007812,
0.14370550215244293,
0.2796406149864197,
0.0983707457780838,
0.4661836624145508,
-0.4732157289981842,
0.8046072721481323,
-0.4367113411426544,
0.41964685916900635,
0.16112825274467468,
-1.210251808166504,
-0.5896358489990234,
0.6349641680717468,
0.1648387312889099,
0.2947683334350586,
-0.08812040835618973,
-0.12217797338962555,
0.4569251537322998,
-0.219554603099823,
0.1778787076473236,
0.1459134817123413,
0.0872587263584137,
0.13194334506988525,
0.5381420254707336,
0.6130519509315491,
-0.2669278383255005,
0.08161692321300507,
0.146880105137825,
-0.9830276370048523,
0.12596413493156433,
-0.6141811609268188,
0.5222196578979492,
-0.48628365993499756,
0.584643542766571,
0.8216751217842102,
0.5503230094909668,
0.4834522008895874,
0.23436442017555237,
-0.6346341371536255,
0.5303230881690979,
-0.30625778436660767,
0.10589572042226791,
-0.14403481781482697,
-0.14467750489711761,
0.02366197109222412,
0.026077523827552795,
0.32540929317474365,
-0.3638506233692169,
0.5950002670288086,
0.42228952050209045,
0.3393833041191101,
0.3713091313838959,
0.06850968301296234,
0.669430136680603,
0.5974726676940918,
-0.5959694385528564,
-0.6763932704925537,
-0.3118147850036621,
0.22686460614204407,
-0.9719926118850708,
-0.029351994395256042,
0.20211002230644226,
0.16200312972068787,
0.836029052734375,
-0.6341643333435059,
0.20024514198303223,
-0.2008315920829773,
-0.765202522277832,
0.11798831075429916,
-0.25361788272857666,
-0.08932390809059143,
0.24953195452690125,
-0.1425323635339737,
-0.10739504545927048,
-0.5962509512901306,
-0.34129032492637634,
0.49661359190940857,
-0.4169820547103882,
-0.6873903274536133,
1.0068070888519287,
0.6407595872879028,
0.001017048954963684,
0.31383568048477173,
0.14500746130943298
] |
new particles? | what is likely to be the next particle that we find? will we have to build a larger particle collider to find it? | here's what *could* happen but may or may not actually happen: there are numerous underground detectors of dark matter that may find something in the next couple of years, and the lhc is being upgraded to be much more powerful and luminous and may produce unknown particles. there are also gravitational wave detectors that are being upgraded so they can actually detect gravitational waves. | 3 | [] | [] | [] | [
-0.648819088935852,
-0.45085838437080383,
0.9140670299530029,
0.7912522554397583,
1.5064592361450195,
-1.0537961721420288,
-0.16225957870483398,
-1.7618408203125,
0.49496373534202576,
-1.420381784439087,
0.0822192132472992,
-0.8148642182350159,
-0.40227317810058594,
-1.2475484609603882,
-0.2570686638355255,
0.3249478042125702,
0.6522977352142334,
-0.40797173976898193,
-1.3816149234771729,
-0.14631867408752441,
0.501740574836731,
-0.6163500547409058,
-1.5181221961975098,
-0.511493444442749,
-0.136121928691864,
-0.1921074390411377,
-0.2597280740737915,
-0.5376811623573303,
-0.42319434881210327,
-0.6158273220062256,
0.1463223546743393,
-0.37726590037345886,
-1.5583168268203735,
0.17407956719398499,
0.7007896900177002,
-0.40870362520217896,
0.9948855638504028,
-0.042777132242918015,
-1.012001872062683,
0.19149194657802582,
0.22204789519309998,
-1.1324518918991089,
0.8574123382568359,
0.18547680974006653,
0.13982224464416504,
0.4805910587310791,
-0.5870109796524048,
-0.05260998010635376,
-0.3289017081260681,
0.5572174787521362,
-0.7463573217391968,
-0.7846416234970093,
-0.05253634601831436,
-1.3186084032058716,
-1.7647204399108887,
0.5552346706390381,
0.1731080710887909,
-1.1030348539352417,
0.8284093141555786,
-1.4037883281707764,
0.7037414312362671,
0.23117151856422424,
-0.5148696899414062,
0.8874504566192627,
1.1092520952224731,
0.18909001350402832,
-0.199071004986763,
-0.7047830820083618,
0.9430538415908813,
1.2304773330688477,
0.1432851403951645,
1.279369592666626,
0.3018198013305664,
-1.6252288818359375,
-0.24374698102474213,
-0.12130159139633179,
0.7746514081954956,
0.9533675909042358,
0.4916958510875702,
-0.0033402442932128906,
-0.047355979681015015,
-1.472426176071167,
-1.1695556640625,
-0.6174813508987427,
0.7197679877281189,
1.4747314453125,
0.1352437287569046,
0.7322479486465454,
-0.663238525390625,
-0.5423760414123535,
-1.7322344779968262,
-1.350454330444336,
-0.1663021594285965,
-0.22402958571910858,
-0.2956794202327728,
1.1527751684188843,
0.21318572759628296,
-0.9828767776489258,
1.3813728094100952,
0.9571942090988159,
-0.5083152055740356,
0.3194962739944458,
-0.7428591847419739,
0.664791464805603,
-1.2661601305007935,
-0.27019232511520386,
0.5938840508460999,
0.48632410168647766,
0.5938898324966431,
-1.4648293256759644,
0.9363001585006714,
-0.49089130759239197,
1.1210685968399048,
-1.069171667098999,
-0.36914271116256714,
0.06337960064411163,
-0.14757107198238373,
1.1056805849075317,
-2.711679458618164,
0.3508014678955078,
0.5730621814727783,
-0.3021811842918396,
0.06306242942810059,
-0.31552258133888245,
1.55656099319458,
0.6711646318435669,
-0.4898081123828888,
1.649112582206726,
0.4143894910812378,
-0.5050615072250366,
-0.5152848958969116,
-0.29539331793785095,
0.7624740600585938,
0.6594154238700867,
0.15680661797523499,
-0.13242672383785248,
0.7226635813713074,
0.8181840181350708,
-0.31633952260017395,
1.6207265853881836,
-0.22278495132923126,
0.561782956123352,
0.4580407440662384,
-0.7243598699569702,
0.34248384833335876,
0.16911417245864868,
-0.47543230652809143,
-0.9406474828720093,
-0.464275062084198,
-1.8039029836654663,
-0.7776929140090942,
-1.2081522941589355,
1.4196101427078247,
0.5146206021308899,
0.4420565068721771,
0.3412973880767822,
1.0217902660369873,
0.7909443974494934,
0.024784013628959656,
1.0856620073318481,
0.05381825566291809,
1.2998493909835815,
-0.8805599808692932,
1.468846321105957,
-0.5774205923080444,
-0.2938821017742157,
0.19483332335948944,
-0.5093058943748474,
1.4752216339111328,
-0.159478098154068,
-0.47411537170410156,
-0.040562570095062256,
0.8079150319099426,
-0.6914588809013367,
-0.4669438600540161,
0.09517818689346313,
0.06907354295253754,
-0.5349975824356079,
-0.023644767701625824,
0.2619818150997162,
-1.9715696573257446,
-0.49502623081207275,
2.34912371635437,
0.8691229820251465,
0.2361941933631897,
0.3796861171722412,
0.20390528440475464,
0.19884854555130005,
0.042142271995544434,
0.09697101265192032,
0.7111704349517822,
0.12841638922691345,
0.8376412391662598,
1.0418317317962646,
0.43821415305137634,
0.2590595483779907,
-0.4007566571235657,
-2.0854523181915283,
-1.5681781768798828,
0.2693108320236206,
-0.17084401845932007,
-1.5149016380310059,
0.2096811681985855,
0.12444302439689636,
-0.558643639087677,
-0.5267788171768188,
1.425317406654358,
1.0427817106246948,
-0.886003851890564,
-0.842573881149292,
0.6093219518661499,
-0.460287481546402,
-0.6036050319671631,
1.60308039188385,
-1.026379108428955,
-0.3921424150466919,
-1.4065483808517456,
-1.7819534540176392,
-1.0640584230422974,
1.4232335090637207,
1.332183599472046,
-1.2567856311798096,
-0.4168422818183899,
-1.7033730745315552,
0.00476350262761116,
-0.4869939088821411,
-0.5574706792831421,
1.6020079851150513,
0.208450585603714,
0.9089425802230835,
0.08108103275299072,
1.6936745643615723,
-0.5624228715896606,
0.8039054870605469,
0.24864929914474487,
-0.48324865102767944,
-1.4265685081481934,
-0.5388785600662231,
-0.6728829145431519,
-0.13971340656280518,
0.37667137384414673,
0.12757843732833862,
0.3275781273841858,
-0.24541008472442627,
1.1170247793197632,
-0.5436130166053772,
-0.8065520524978638,
-0.30976253747940063,
0.023857541382312775,
0.2237861156463623,
1.961306095123291,
-0.9929108023643494,
-0.8563333749771118,
-0.38183319568634033,
-0.3297349214553833,
1.758596658706665,
0.1890280693769455,
0.31035757064819336,
0.6646532416343689,
0.9933995008468628,
2.4021897315979004,
-0.8795552849769592,
-0.06776554882526398,
-1.125016689300537,
-0.4901455044746399,
2.1847448348999023,
1.8221216201782227,
-0.1805773675441742,
-1.0069358348846436,
0.04472237825393677,
0.39146414399147034,
0.9295318722724915,
-0.1270037293434143,
-0.2996642589569092,
0.6712756156921387,
-1.570865273475647,
0.3568064272403717,
0.24865685403347015,
-0.8871095776557922,
1.6123383045196533,
-0.19684121012687683,
-0.4276982545852661,
0.11553395539522171,
-0.029947951436042786,
0.07571375370025635,
0.25230643153190613,
-0.6748319864273071,
-0.8845617771148682,
0.46308809518814087,
-0.17212912440299988,
-0.02513742446899414,
2.091334104537964,
-0.5007999539375305,
0.5112147331237793,
2.408968687057495,
-1.484910249710083,
-0.4935001730918884,
0.13179272413253784,
0.9353436231613159,
0.04555967450141907,
-0.340842068195343,
0.07169818878173828,
-0.7623184323310852,
0.02236446738243103,
-0.6996587514877319,
0.6117067337036133,
1.7152067422866821,
0.8212028741836548,
1.5269603729248047,
-0.6958553194999695,
-0.061365365982055664,
-0.9009491205215454,
0.6469911336898804,
-0.06290386617183685,
-0.8594943881034851,
0.8890292644500732,
-0.23105420172214508,
-0.68309485912323,
-0.06836923956871033,
0.055869847536087036,
0.5716793537139893,
0.4936280846595764,
-1.2606704235076904,
-0.4094061255455017,
0.7432194948196411,
0.04083177447319031,
-0.2554534673690796,
-0.39071083068847656,
0.03223425894975662,
-1.1602717638015747,
-0.7006454467773438,
-0.9054100513458252,
0.38090816140174866,
0.8351473212242126,
1.5997226238250732,
1.0994279384613037,
-1.7332048416137695,
-1.9409375190734863,
-0.56938236951828,
-0.5309258699417114,
-0.614041805267334,
0.31300249695777893,
1.8604334592819214,
0.963866114616394,
0.3608880043029785,
0.8094276189804077,
-0.5252115726470947,
0.12462031841278076,
-0.8808841705322266,
1.1739723682403564,
-1.1053372621536255,
0.9893027544021606,
0.9272791147232056,
-0.6599901914596558,
1.2227067947387695,
-0.15252341330051422,
-0.4371289610862732,
0.8877430558204651,
-0.07320350408554077,
0.3182510733604431,
0.47959738969802856,
0.040013015270233154,
0.5056684017181396,
2.274268627166748,
-0.47832268476486206,
0.9815696477890015,
0.016767442226409912,
-0.8423253893852234,
-1.0692998170852661,
1.346010446548462,
0.3468163013458252,
-0.05447700619697571,
-0.033424943685531616,
-1.249444603919983,
0.13374648988246918,
-0.15817469358444214,
-0.4202200174331665,
-0.42744240164756775,
-1.3754724264144897,
0.694669783115387,
0.9687409996986389,
0.28835374116897583,
0.24876444041728973,
1.0296632051467896
] |
why is wpa2 more secure than wep? | if the only possible attacks were guessing the password then you would be right, but in the case of wep you can attack the underlying math and do much better than that. there's a flaw in the algorithm wep uses to secure the transmission which allows someone to study a large amount of encrypted traffic and work out some statistical properties of the master key that protects the whole system. this dramatically reduces the number of keys you have to try: instead of having to search every possible key you "know" what a few of the bits are and effectively means you're looking for a much shorter key. combined with other systemic flaws this means nearly every wep network can be subverted with impunity in a matter of minutes and is therefore insecure. wpa2 doesn't share these internal flaws and there are no known attacks against the internal workings\*. barring attacks against poorly-designed supplemental systems\*\* the best an attacker can do is effectively try every possible password until they find one that works. this is done offline so it isn't like they have to keep hitting up the wifi ap to figure out if it works or not. as with all things the reality is quite a bit more complicated than this makes it sound but the concepts are solid. wep should be avoided at all costs because it's effectively as good as not using any security at all and lulls people into a false sense of security. \*: this may change, work continues as researchers attempt to break it and related cryptographic systems. \*\*: wps (wi-fi protected setup) is so poorly implemented on most consumer routers that it's possible to break in a matter of minutes/hours and recover the wpa2 key regardless of complexity. e: meant to point out that wep/wpa2 don't actually use a password as-is, it's reduced to a long string of bits behind the scenes and used like that. so recovering those bits does the same job as having the password even if an attacker can't recover the human-entered text. | 9 | [] | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired_Equivalent_Privacy#Flaws",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Encryption_Standard"
] | [
-5.809986591339111,
0.3625894784927368,
-2.710428237915039,
-6.044589042663574,
-1.0756256580352783,
-2.8016252517700195,
-1.3499317169189453,
-0.3230699896812439,
2.139279842376709,
-1.9990395307540894,
1.4373188018798828,
5.202456951141357,
2.40633487701416,
-2.0609476566314697,
0.8061774373054504,
-2.7624874114990234,
0.05772647261619568,
-1.4838483333587646,
-1.3150686025619507,
0.655375599861145,
-0.5688822269439697,
-3.3894295692443848,
-0.7624359130859375,
-1.7367595434188843,
-1.7098537683486938,
0.9571990370750427,
2.324404001235962,
0.9640038013458252,
1.3209718465805054,
0.05396415293216705,
1.6262966394424438,
1.311670184135437,
-0.5056713819503784,
-0.27369755506515503,
0.4178297519683838,
-1.5166138410568237,
-1.4089903831481934,
-0.5461592674255371,
0.5839762687683105,
-3.2408530712127686,
-3.0717475414276123,
0.009805276989936829,
-2.4037516117095947,
2.9672515392303467,
-1.2093300819396973,
3.148942708969116,
-0.831680953502655,
1.7767391204833984,
-2.630101203918457,
-2.6086692810058594,
3.156846761703491,
6.507892608642578,
-2.274768352508545,
1.4552090167999268,
-1.5962649583816528,
-1.3985167741775513,
-1.4717144966125488,
2.885084867477417,
-0.764512300491333,
2.115530014038086,
4.152337551116943,
1.5176464319229126,
0.22785279154777527,
1.3284950256347656,
2.2634084224700928,
1.5131527185440063,
3.158357620239258,
-3.435720205307007,
0.4479820132255554,
2.609816074371338,
0.6021732091903687,
-1.9172605276107788,
-5.372827529907227,
4.290080547332764,
1.5126746892929077,
3.6018476486206055,
-3.704312801361084,
0.42119258642196655,
3.303630828857422,
0.293904185295105,
1.9039008617401123,
-1.6558966636657715,
2.313061475753784,
2.9453072547912598,
1.226084589958191,
0.4344053566455841,
1.7199746370315552,
-2.0817043781280518,
2.6766576766967773,
-0.3787083625793457,
-2.13301944732666,
-2.5383808612823486,
4.612513542175293,
-0.06971169263124466,
1.8300765752792358,
0.31187742948532104,
0.5385339856147766,
-0.3253185451030731,
-4.854734897613525,
2.867918014526367,
-1.9800559282302856,
2.455317497253418,
-7.536203384399414,
-2.958348274230957,
1.2883813381195068,
-1.2633217573165894,
2.5142767429351807,
0.505577564239502,
3.6723620891571045,
0.5881156921386719,
0.5461310148239136,
-0.613943338394165,
1.368377447128296,
-1.1160410642623901,
1.4273347854614258,
-2.1940345764160156,
-3.362497568130493,
0.7882519960403442,
0.2234777808189392,
-0.6546428799629211,
1.9114656448364258,
-1.561105489730835,
-2.906982421875,
1.1873427629470825,
3.742821216583252,
0.7263286709785461,
-0.9490317702293396,
3.8044321537017822,
0.3787711560726166,
1.979224681854248,
-2.002833604812622,
-3.688208818435669,
-0.5167603492736816,
1.0239481925964355,
2.8845887184143066,
0.752437174320221,
-1.2661792039871216,
-1.115024209022522,
-3.0309364795684814,
0.6568620800971985,
-0.5007293224334717,
3.4499568939208984,
7.647933006286621,
1.248171091079712,
0.6374446749687195,
4.179783344268799,
0.005710169672966003,
1.688336730003357,
1.5929070711135864,
-5.735008239746094,
2.8021137714385986,
-3.3510990142822266,
4.16670560836792,
-1.3490296602249146,
-0.0324711948633194,
-0.5565875172615051,
3.5668327808380127,
1.556314468383789,
-3.224151134490967,
-1.735034704208374,
-1.5716460943222046,
1.8728994131088257,
0.7696622014045715,
3.0700106620788574,
5.713753700256348,
-1.8861538171768188,
-2.1516952514648438,
-1.1480077505111694,
-1.0164742469787598,
1.944191813468933,
-3.1076598167419434,
-2.9113500118255615,
0.8372491598129272,
-3.299081802368164,
0.02958887815475464,
-0.654930591583252,
-4.849878311157227,
0.47617778182029724,
-2.5521092414855957,
1.8177272081375122,
-3.4253010749816895,
-2.5789427757263184,
-0.5261987447738647,
-0.27066123485565186,
-0.031042098999023438,
1.0751575231552124,
2.4778614044189453,
2.6054797172546387,
-3.1542534828186035,
-0.6559691429138184,
-2.2054271697998047,
1.0206365585327148,
-0.8226884007453918,
2.164421796798706,
0.9332952499389648,
-5.225511074066162,
-1.6492003202438354,
1.2274210453033447,
-2.742504119873047,
-2.0896358489990234,
-0.5557706356048584,
-1.7557728290557861,
-5.700808525085449,
-1.9958295822143555,
0.6504467725753784,
2.9417874813079834,
-0.639401912689209,
-2.6959221363067627,
-1.8141766786575317,
-1.978588581085205,
2.1964895725250244,
3.2842609882354736,
-2.5307796001434326,
-1.3202770948410034,
2.8051676750183105,
-5.815226078033447,
-4.679891586303711,
0.7256234288215637,
0.19749395549297333,
2.3887743949890137,
0.5877330899238586,
0.4825025796890259,
1.6452696323394775,
-3.187215805053711,
-7.200675964355469,
-1.4978314638137817,
0.17152732610702515,
3.3563802242279053,
-3.4513792991638184,
0.3132692575454712,
0.7337055206298828,
-0.9907912015914917,
1.681458592414856,
1.083999752998352,
0.16894835233688354,
0.3773186206817627,
1.6567713022232056,
-3.4445111751556396,
0.8511258363723755,
-2.6339824199676514,
-0.8612679243087769,
-0.6269878149032593,
-1.8828949928283691,
-1.1796228885650635,
2.018522262573242,
2.4607279300689697,
-0.5538841485977173,
3.042397975921631,
5.290645599365234,
3.3309009075164795,
-3.403939723968506,
1.3206419944763184,
-0.8157594203948975,
0.6948509812355042,
-0.20122933387756348,
-0.722609281539917,
-3.2153568267822266,
0.937854528427124,
0.1687256544828415,
0.6234776973724365,
3.041201591491699,
3.3497610092163086,
0.8881959915161133,
-0.04178650677204132,
4.926618576049805,
3.317195415496826,
-2.971513032913208,
-1.2956790924072266,
-3.4942448139190674,
-2.1981873512268066,
-0.21994473040103912,
-0.33427757024765015,
2.7800827026367188,
2.5440785884857178,
7.6549482345581055,
-2.0090386867523193,
3.262298822402954,
-2.0936787128448486,
-4.993541717529297,
1.3183575868606567,
1.5976183414459229,
-1.3967976570129395,
0.9101806282997131,
1.3560826778411865,
3.551934003829956,
-3.033487319946289,
1.002882957458496,
0.9508824348449707,
1.079050064086914,
-4.745471954345703,
-1.6971039772033691,
2.3451266288757324,
-0.502261221408844,
0.5752776861190796,
1.4137794971466064,
-1.7722032070159912,
0.6293119192123413,
0.15679696202278137,
1.7690989971160889,
-2.625657796859741,
-3.554673910140991,
-1.5244234800338745,
-1.4360175132751465,
2.4672718048095703,
-0.12122741341590881,
0.3402973711490631,
-0.0668008029460907,
-0.25031208992004395,
5.371237277984619,
-0.8729729056358337,
1.7974810600280762,
0.022011250257492065,
-0.5926060080528259,
-0.017645031213760376,
-4.830211639404297,
4.3976874351501465,
-3.6186254024505615,
1.812975525856018,
-1.784341812133789,
2.678968667984009,
0.9223789572715759,
-1.948837399482727,
-0.49484652280807495,
0.7080550789833069,
1.3264983892440796,
0.24523389339447021,
-3.0895912647247314,
-0.7192205190658569,
1.4227986335754395,
-0.39607036113739014,
2.8315134048461914,
1.9224133491516113,
-5.194296836853027,
-0.1426164209842682,
0.001299142837524414,
3.388223886489868,
-1.469682216644287,
-2.767848491668701,
-1.9857393503189087,
-0.24617506563663483,
-1.1485638618469238,
-0.9764419198036194,
-4.510538101196289,
0.8062332272529602,
1.7739214897155762,
1.4782395362854004,
3.2568624019622803,
4.208914279937744,
1.12477707862854,
1.4817085266113281,
-3.1978206634521484,
0.1692456752061844,
4.154829025268555,
1.1087021827697754,
1.840232014656067,
2.5373291969299316,
-0.1475803554058075,
1.9110268354415894,
1.6031359434127808,
-1.3190524578094482,
-3.3915438652038574,
-2.690061092376709,
-3.6900782585144043,
3.74548077583313,
-4.499723434448242,
0.7131756544113159,
0.15034905076026917,
0.07653927803039551,
-0.5398209095001221,
1.914826512336731,
1.2031447887420654,
-1.223849892616272,
-0.19790107011795044,
-0.7286130785942078,
2.481621742248535,
-4.729284286499023,
1.9049291610717773,
-3.9832613468170166,
-1.9287843704223633,
1.9855351448059082,
0.08732669055461884,
1.3554517030715942,
4.289624214172363,
1.6670567989349365
] |
|
have we ever seen a stellar ignition? | the moment when a contracting cloud of gas first begins thermonuclear fusion. we call them stellar nurseries, we know new stars are being born there. my question is if we have ever been looking at the right bit of the right cloud at the right time to see the event as it happens!?! | not really, first of all it is not a single moment when the ignition starts. but more importantly the star is already shining bright before the fusion starts. let's go through the steps of how a star forms. first there is a big cloud of hydrogen, some helium and some traces of other elements. this cloud is huge, like lightyears big. at some point for some reason it reaches a critical limit and it starts to contract. the thing is first the particles were spread out very far but now that they start to contract towards the center of gravity they loose potential energy. this potential energy is released as heat because of friction. as the cloud contracts the particles get closer and closer, so they bump into each other more and more. this increases the temperature. at some point you have a protostar forming in the middle of the cloud. eventually the cloud will be blown away except possibly for a disk around the protostar. it has now reached the pre-main sequence status. the star will go through some transformations and eventually the fusion process will start and the star ends up on the main sequence of the [hertzsprung-russel diagram](_url_1_). the thing is that all the heat from the contraction is so intense the star actually glows already before the fusion starts. one example of a class of pre-main sequence stars are [t tauri stars](_url_0_). they typically shine brighter than main sequence stars with the same mass because while the surface temperatures are comparable, the t tauri star is actually larger, as the contraction is not complete yet. | 8 | [] | [] | [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T_Tauri_star",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertzsprung%E2%80%93Russell_diagram"
] | [
-1.47171950340271,
1.1799368858337402,
3.0254459381103516,
-0.7045193314552307,
0.4978395998477936,
-1.1562557220458984,
-0.9512454271316528,
-2.351867437362671,
2.1525967121124268,
-0.2884642779827118,
0.541693925857544,
-1.1233479976654053,
-1.2952871322631836,
-4.365143775939941,
2.552140474319458,
-1.581093668937683,
-3.2706820964813232,
-1.7063536643981934,
-3.501023769378662,
1.8191821575164795,
-0.9003428220748901,
-0.332866907119751,
-1.7868378162384033,
0.030714400112628937,
-1.0966997146606445,
-0.08484184741973877,
-0.13702207803726196,
0.8551295399665833,
1.2974737882614136,
-2.050400972366333,
-1.2474106550216675,
1.440467119216919,
-3.4851763248443604,
2.6442832946777344,
1.1520475149154663,
-0.17683720588684082,
-0.7100282311439514,
0.9923642873764038,
-1.1875114440917969,
-1.2181034088134766,
2.114319086074829,
-4.116028308868408,
0.6487688422203064,
2.164667844772339,
-0.11042416095733643,
3.6384313106536865,
1.334043025970459,
-0.9120538830757141,
0.8303396105766296,
-3.504211902618408,
-2.124234676361084,
0.37955760955810547,
-1.1635222434997559,
0.4979456663131714,
1.0909522771835327,
1.984080195426941,
2.4603066444396973,
-0.28568458557128906,
2.9670300483703613,
-2.7112298011779785,
-1.7780513763427734,
-0.46170249581336975,
-2.6439027786254883,
0.09495586156845093,
5.638681411743164,
-3.3708693981170654,
-0.3409348130226135,
-1.9851243495941162,
-1.2660993337631226,
2.31857967376709,
0.2691267132759094,
1.464111328125,
-3.8659887313842773,
-2.1751208305358887,
0.5439819097518921,
-0.10554395616054535,
1.0622555017471313,
2.535304546356201,
1.6393603086471558,
0.9099803566932678,
1.0540919303894043,
0.41596487164497375,
-2.633798599243164,
-0.2992176413536072,
-0.8975405693054199,
3.403698205947876,
1.3284059762954712,
-0.39753907918930054,
0.41233402490615845,
-0.46427232027053833,
-3.7214431762695312,
-2.606891393661499,
-3.206050395965576,
1.3540492057800293,
-0.20856785774230957,
2.5415420532226562,
1.7037720680236816,
-4.126438617706299,
2.0457797050476074,
1.7376071214675903,
-2.020109176635742,
-1.2715582847595215,
-2.6637167930603027,
3.990088939666748,
-3.7865047454833984,
-2.1479883193969727,
1.084955096244812,
2.7708847522735596,
0.9561675786972046,
-0.9701443910598755,
1.8033885955810547,
-0.22760790586471558,
-1.547268033027649,
-2.317211866378784,
-0.19933456182479858,
0.6790863871574402,
0.28664323687553406,
1.5399137735366821,
-3.928755521774292,
-2.016204357147217,
1.2395100593566895,
-1.0321100950241089,
2.085275888442993,
4.017186641693115,
1.7432703971862793,
-0.9464462399482727,
1.2351454496383667,
1.908121943473816,
0.7831655740737915,
-2.1940741539001465,
2.3964130878448486,
-0.20100334286689758,
0.0906076431274414,
-0.5002151727676392,
-0.9749376773834229,
-0.5623250603675842,
2.7269065380096436,
-1.3940942287445068,
-3.3412976264953613,
-0.7229388952255249,
-1.3723177909851074,
2.4092626571655273,
-1.3544626235961914,
-2.9854798316955566,
2.4708313941955566,
1.374523639678955,
-1.0963863134384155,
-2.161975383758545,
-0.17096656560897827,
-0.4470871388912201,
-2.2904763221740723,
-3.626849889755249,
1.2574466466903687,
1.9349867105484009,
1.565527319908142,
1.4273935556411743,
-1.6099128723144531,
0.9185727834701538,
-0.7079557180404663,
2.3666796684265137,
0.8961457014083862,
4.453655242919922,
-0.8087347745895386,
2.5315890312194824,
-1.7424328327178955,
-0.34363725781440735,
0.7178800106048584,
-1.004512071609497,
2.0403249263763428,
2.2972710132598877,
-3.5177791118621826,
-1.144458532333374,
-0.058282263576984406,
-2.503890037536621,
1.7754731178283691,
-2.446946382522583,
-1.05781888961792,
0.25448668003082275,
0.5110935568809509,
3.847418785095215,
1.8283942937850952,
-0.29562926292419434,
7.917159080505371,
3.074234962463379,
1.5624281167984009,
-4.604010581970215,
-0.06308412551879883,
-0.100609689950943,
-0.328461617231369,
-2.347759962081909,
-1.342578411102295,
0.41247206926345825,
-0.3533550500869751,
2.0864851474761963,
-0.9112541079521179,
0.07399923354387283,
-2.6699275970458984,
-1.9687902927398682,
-0.9640426635742188,
-0.47864195704460144,
-0.5062095522880554,
-4.341012001037598,
1.4939780235290527,
0.44605928659439087,
0.6017143130302429,
-0.7746769189834595,
-1.70767343044281,
1.386263132095337,
-5.062715530395508,
0.7536306381225586,
0.044108763337135315,
-5.4871134757995605,
-4.142214775085449,
0.7903697490692139,
0.007058229297399521,
4.543308258056641,
-2.301936388015747,
-7.175643444061279,
-0.4150049090385437,
-1.0204938650131226,
4.082437515258789,
-2.0978214740753174,
-2.2691755294799805,
-2.757232189178467,
-0.02807837724685669,
-5.660315036773682,
-1.9529820680618286,
3.5094187259674072,
3.348433494567871,
1.668419361114502,
-0.11222314834594727,
2.9783613681793213,
-1.0395698547363281,
4.307162284851074,
0.7865124940872192,
-0.34882524609565735,
-3.903787851333618,
-2.811884641647339,
1.544455885887146,
-3.182077407836914,
1.839277744293213,
3.3021697998046875,
1.5150907039642334,
3.7765183448791504,
0.530700147151947,
0.9070688486099243,
-1.3745700120925903,
-2.6198973655700684,
-2.092616081237793,
-0.05579259991645813,
1.6197876930236816,
1.6655932664871216,
-3.4994606971740723,
1.451372742652893,
0.8273143768310547,
-0.7284155488014221,
-0.9377518892288208,
-1.2142175436019897,
0.533799409866333,
2.4159157276153564,
0.29573214054107666,
0.11363869905471802,
-1.4709272384643555,
-2.722806692123413,
-0.36137378215789795,
2.9424993991851807,
1.2785744667053223,
2.616082191467285,
-2.484492540359497,
0.38340917229652405,
2.9249801635742188,
1.105137825012207,
-0.3427436351776123,
-0.4688709080219269,
2.969468116760254,
-1.8502295017242432,
-1.2756985425949097,
-2.2723405361175537,
-1.8745572566986084,
2.539660692214966,
-1.582136631011963,
2.828014373779297,
-1.024916648864746,
1.0318467617034912,
1.4645730257034302,
-2.781794309616089,
2.619560718536377,
-5.04091215133667,
0.5872264504432678,
-0.9701553583145142,
-0.2732420265674591,
5.145423412322998,
3.392974615097046,
0.6843394041061401,
1.8843417167663574,
-0.04969623684883118,
-2.491469621658325,
3.560974359512329,
1.235487461090088,
-0.2559548020362854,
-1.6591689586639404,
-1.2199773788452148,
-0.38683193922042847,
-0.6927312612533569,
-4.381584644317627,
0.31669914722442627,
-2.128333330154419,
0.9880184531211853,
4.078498840332031,
-0.8549618124961853,
-1.7658123970031738,
-2.6562938690185547,
0.09673982858657837,
3.499251127243042,
-3.388575792312622,
1.4569305181503296,
3.150590658187866,
3.4791452884674072,
-0.8428483009338379,
1.191351294517517,
3.354863166809082,
-0.24136558175086975,
-0.04909108579158783,
0.2649664878845215,
0.24864041805267334,
0.7428274154663086,
1.3715944290161133,
-1.0800508260726929,
1.0294991731643677,
0.4940311014652252,
-1.4738547801971436,
0.5138015747070312,
3.0507359504699707,
-1.648727297782898,
3.423891544342041,
3.0560202598571777,
-2.432021141052246,
-1.1185522079467773,
-1.8218296766281128,
-1.4003499746322632,
-1.3309346437454224,
2.7012412548065186,
0.7348792552947998,
-0.18876659870147705,
2.4005677700042725,
0.515823483467102,
-1.243050217628479,
1.1887227296829224,
-2.9834818840026855,
1.5702987909317017,
-0.2711593210697174,
1.1086550951004028,
2.1587090492248535,
-0.7040524482727051,
0.5746098756790161,
0.5158815979957581,
-1.839189887046814,
2.7579126358032227,
4.985360145568848,
3.2715904712677,
0.02127671241760254,
0.8403752446174622,
1.5955075025558472,
3.935553550720215,
-2.881640911102295,
3.6342103481292725,
-0.2605248689651489,
-0.7355806827545166,
-3.7828269004821777,
1.1819852590560913,
2.2530202865600586,
3.2577061653137207,
-0.3525153398513794,
-3.1261157989501953,
0.08024099469184875,
-3.162919521331787,
-1.8903098106384277,
2.1182241439819336,
0.7186781167984009,
-0.33060356974601746,
-0.003852367401123047,
-0.9840492606163025,
2.2178328037261963,
0.8644943237304688
] |
what is happening neurologically when you're "in the zone"? | example: an average basketball player making all of his shots in one game, when in any other game he makes only about a third. what is different on that day than any other day? i know this is bit arbitrary, but feel free to post any relevant information. | we think that you become automated in your behaviors, reducing activity in your core attention and motor output regions, and increasing activity in your ['default network'](_url_2_). the default network is responsible for internal thought - which might explain why people who are "in-the-zone" recall little about their actual performance, and more about what the event was like. this suggests that 'in-the-zone' performance is achieved by not focusing on the action which you have to do. in order to achieve that level in competition you must have over learned the action. in other words, you can't be in the zone for free-throws and make them, if you've never learned the motor action to make a free throw. once you've learned and practiced the motor action to make a free throw, you can repeat this action with little variability by not focusing on the action. academic articles can be found [here](_url_0_) and [here](_url_1_). | 5 | [] | [] | [
"http://www.bu.edu/ballab/pubs/esterman_et_al_2014.pdf",
"http://cercor.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2012/08/31/cercor.bhs261.full.pdf+html",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Default_mode_network"
] | [
2.347214698791504,
0.2926318049430847,
0.8163742423057556,
-1.928134799003601,
0.3530125617980957,
0.2868729829788208,
1.4861444234848022,
-0.20493260025978088,
0.09046672284603119,
1.0165258646011353,
2.795306921005249,
1.5952492952346802,
1.3506020307540894,
1.3346271514892578,
3.156543731689453,
-1.0600907802581787,
0.6247367858886719,
0.6405181884765625,
-3.2030203342437744,
-0.5592389702796936,
0.4115214943885803,
-0.918586790561676,
1.3420469760894775,
0.47691258788108826,
-0.7072765827178955,
-0.580874502658844,
-0.6257843971252441,
0.7356458306312561,
-0.6186593770980835,
-0.7140684127807617,
-1.2007360458374023,
0.8232625722885132,
-0.161312997341156,
-1.5588233470916748,
-1.861991286277771,
0.8356441259384155,
-1.873025894165039,
0.7143394351005554,
0.6143563389778137,
-1.4533370733261108,
-0.1073402464389801,
-1.0074148178100586,
-0.027414560317993164,
1.5102190971374512,
0.18662959337234497,
0.9278918504714966,
0.06048477068543434,
0.284546434879303,
-0.9279914498329163,
-1.781622052192688,
-0.5040109157562256,
0.4851023554801941,
-0.7906110286712646,
-1.929208517074585,
0.25915488600730896,
0.8188674449920654,
-1.8283991813659668,
0.7721617221832275,
-0.47508805990219116,
0.2578788101673126,
0.5536299347877502,
-0.6476325988769531,
-2.31807804107666,
0.9293323755264282,
-0.11822843551635742,
-0.13997487723827362,
0.28966087102890015,
0.4705192744731903,
-0.19877910614013672,
1.701724886894226,
0.5911405086517334,
0.4332895576953888,
-0.9078817963600159,
1.5139410495758057,
0.9703973531723022,
0.3319913148880005,
-2.222646951675415,
0.783548891544342,
0.6330193281173706,
-0.8995948433876038,
0.5515260696411133,
-0.9195694923400879,
-0.4424639344215393,
-0.1735205352306366,
-0.5902053117752075,
0.03466842323541641,
1.1320205926895142,
0.12863168120384216,
1.6139317750930786,
-0.5698488354682922,
-2.1150083541870117,
-0.3210729658603668,
-1.1145552396774292,
-1.0042836666107178,
0.5264874696731567,
0.2606436014175415,
-0.009282678365707397,
-0.8243750333786011,
-0.8123868703842163,
0.6761066913604736,
-1.115028738975525,
0.045851632952690125,
-1.5739171504974365,
-0.8885626792907715,
0.5882917642593384,
-1.6189799308776855,
0.012681499123573303,
0.33557894825935364,
-0.3100089430809021,
2.2205307483673096,
-0.9327239990234375,
-1.2258821725845337,
0.3422466814517975,
-0.7018997073173523,
-0.5122891068458557,
0.8949576616287231,
-0.786129355430603,
-0.274747371673584,
0.6904488205909729,
-0.7091569304466248,
0.035575855523347855,
-0.8776830434799194,
-0.12473398447036743,
0.5962099432945251,
0.6023695468902588,
-0.5988640785217285,
-0.03298068046569824,
0.9612743258476257,
-0.20432192087173462,
-0.44735661149024963,
-0.7673312425613403,
-1.316763162612915,
-0.41589319705963135,
-1.0900182723999023,
-0.48061403632164,
-2.3601396083831787,
2.2705934047698975,
-1.533797025680542,
-0.48026609420776367,
0.9349886775016785,
0.8289511203765869,
2.179490566253662,
1.7285685539245605,
0.4859435260295868,
-0.9266366958618164,
2.2588648796081543,
0.20280694961547852,
-0.4690381586551666,
0.7641583681106567,
-0.817367672920227,
-1.2577189207077026,
-0.2108755111694336,
-1.2794204950332642,
0.050658196210861206,
-0.3798348009586334,
-0.08626748621463776,
-1.4129631519317627,
0.4868856966495514,
1.2241668701171875,
-0.29365652799606323,
-1.854220986366272,
1.0154995918273926,
1.2392313480377197,
0.2071787714958191,
1.6045666933059692,
0.4743208587169647,
0.6005859375,
-1.6424391269683838,
-2.0787460803985596,
0.07433390617370605,
-1.1824227571487427,
-0.7788477540016174,
-1.2577605247497559,
-0.33860522508621216,
0.1855342984199524,
0.1919776201248169,
-1.2532672882080078,
-0.7808090448379517,
0.48800116777420044,
1.7543519735336304,
1.536113977432251,
-1.4303205013275146,
0.28072163462638855,
2.4179608821868896,
-0.30249106884002686,
0.010158175602555275,
-2.2716054916381836,
0.1428675353527069,
1.6254937648773193,
0.3234700560569763,
-2.0872597694396973,
-1.4357068538665771,
-0.6786370277404785,
2.37282395362854,
-0.15766698122024536,
0.09298565983772278,
2.1779675483703613,
-1.0290402173995972,
0.6238399744033813,
-0.893571674823761,
-1.0570099353790283,
0.1587439328432083,
-0.11248576641082764,
-1.5912996530532837,
-0.1419559121131897,
-0.43912839889526367,
-0.36353224515914917,
-1.4795628786087036,
0.48177897930145264,
-0.7682919502258301,
-1.599042534828186,
-1.563417673110962,
-0.013159304857254028,
-1.7058193683624268,
1.2732094526290894,
-1.054003357887268,
-0.8055864572525024,
2.9131975173950195,
-2.2622597217559814,
0.5947991609573364,
-2.063718318939209,
0.8300952911376953,
0.16793961822986603,
-2.1563568115234375,
-0.6763561964035034,
0.6681602597236633,
-0.47800275683403015,
0.9690185785293579,
-0.31996843218803406,
1.9609196186065674,
1.173222303390503,
-0.7804838418960571,
2.6578238010406494,
1.4143898487091064,
-2.387389659881592,
-0.3805522918701172,
1.0975679159164429,
1.580809473991394,
0.7063247561454773,
-1.958101749420166,
-1.5081108808517456,
0.7413633465766907,
-0.7542827725410461,
1.4915467500686646,
-0.21376027166843414,
1.222288727760315,
-1.7679404020309448,
0.03214070573449135,
0.07850053906440735,
1.7535113096237183,
-1.0930660963058472,
1.745771884918213,
-1.1946334838867188,
-1.1121330261230469,
-0.0598297119140625,
-0.4967183768749237,
-1.5600273609161377,
-1.9269537925720215,
-0.2960898280143738,
0.40249162912368774,
1.1253176927566528,
-0.5719094276428223,
-1.1493109464645386,
-0.011023268103599548,
1.5400786399841309,
-0.15741154551506042,
-0.8977290391921997,
2.10117506980896,
-0.3973664343357086,
-0.5855576992034912,
-0.904179573059082,
-1.4241955280303955,
-0.5825585126876831,
-0.11622555553913116,
0.0450877845287323,
-0.3103209137916565,
-0.3320665955543518,
-3.531852960586548,
0.10702317953109741,
1.3123382329940796,
1.5398081541061401,
-3.0820000171661377,
0.3939323127269745,
1.1497470140457153,
-1.1913504600524902,
-1.1080392599105835,
-0.6119546294212341,
-0.010211706161499023,
1.938294768333435,
-0.044523730874061584,
-1.029306411743164,
2.756486415863037,
1.3690398931503296,
-0.13875216245651245,
-0.6319395303726196,
2.5791385173797607,
-1.663215160369873,
-2.168440818786621,
-0.3038969337940216,
0.7560049295425415,
0.5093912482261658,
0.23163720965385437,
-0.3483850955963135,
-0.060602590441703796,
-0.3642500042915344,
1.3168576955795288,
-0.3504243493080139,
0.34500521421432495,
0.15909910202026367,
2.540079355239868,
-0.2863072156906128,
0.8488038778305054,
0.6589820981025696,
1.6651289463043213,
0.36951109766960144,
1.5029066801071167,
-0.9459536671638489,
0.9837214946746826,
-1.8134032487869263,
0.36590903997421265,
-0.6537747979164124,
0.9668288230895996,
1.5054521560668945,
2.9431161880493164,
0.8261244297027588,
1.655646800994873,
0.17620976269245148,
0.5592037439346313,
0.04409599304199219,
0.5691328644752502,
0.054533451795578,
-0.202059805393219,
0.6790681481361389,
-0.4848397970199585,
1.8303717374801636,
-0.23956650495529175,
-0.7679689526557922,
1.6813595294952393,
-1.4492037296295166,
0.868406355381012,
0.842656135559082,
0.3860965371131897,
-1.2825791835784912,
1.0343998670578003,
0.4326062500476837,
-0.19904425740242004,
0.17301732301712036,
1.8892329931259155,
-0.2619897127151489,
2.160574436187744,
0.31445959210395813,
2.0482051372528076,
0.6791574358940125,
0.6927293539047241,
-0.7040210962295532,
-1.1930986642837524,
0.3941196799278259,
-0.6419602632522583,
0.07188830524682999,
-0.0555989071726799,
-0.71413254737854,
-1.025870680809021,
0.47051846981048584,
3.149122476577759,
-1.1792689561843872,
1.203084945678711,
-0.14795184135437012,
-1.7949202060699463,
0.4364527463912964,
0.7603685855865479,
-0.6879003047943115,
1.4618949890136719,
-0.18425068259239197,
-0.0816032737493515,
1.5664417743682861,
0.17462140321731567,
-0.14940565824508667,
-1.692590594291687,
-1.1691713333129883,
2.3956375122070312,
0.49680009484291077,
2.1757397651672363,
0.3781087100505829,
0.892316460609436
] |
when to use the different types of energies in thermodynamics? | i see examples where people seek to minimize gibbs free energy, hemholtz free energy, enthalpy, internal energy, etc. how do we know which ones to use? which ones are minimized at equilibrium? | you use the one with the most convenient set of natural independent variables for your chosen ensemble. internal energy naturally is a function of extensive quantities: u(s,v,n). if you’d rather use pressure as an independent variable than volume, you make a legendre transform to the enthalpy: h(s,p,n). if you’d rather have temperature as an in dense or variable than entropy, you can then legendre transform to the gibbs free energy: g(t,p,n). and if you’d like to go back to volume, but still keep temperature as independent variable, you go to the helmholz free energy: f(t,v,n). generally you want your independent variables to be the things you can most easily control in a lab. so temperature and pressure are usually pretty convenient, while entropy usually isn’t. | 8 | [] | [] | [] | [
-1.9903701543807983,
0.04538801312446594,
0.6576825380325317,
1.2103195190429688,
0.43405693769454956,
-0.35879212617874146,
1.8177216053009033,
1.4951486587524414,
2.0022716522216797,
0.004824429750442505,
0.03765270859003067,
-0.015318967401981354,
1.0176749229431152,
-0.5037090182304382,
-0.2768622636795044,
-0.38713762164115906,
-0.34278959035873413,
1.0048424005508423,
-1.8014217615127563,
0.21835854649543762,
0.2914852797985077,
0.0012147054076194763,
0.07879355549812317,
-0.10922044515609741,
0.3861738443374634,
-1.1265290975570679,
0.5968860983848572,
1.1604562997817993,
0.9637769460678101,
-0.36434972286224365,
-1.8769464492797852,
-0.6491714119911194,
-1.7660901546478271,
-1.4419920444488525,
-1.39456045627594,
0.8558998703956604,
-0.5974157452583313,
0.9583136439323425,
-2.1743266582489014,
1.2076492309570312,
-0.9704722166061401,
-0.2705826461315155,
0.4720749258995056,
0.5932143926620483,
-1.28859543800354,
1.5262696743011475,
0.6965206861495972,
-0.07318277657032013,
-1.3669625520706177,
-0.9800229072570801,
0.04702639579772949,
0.3400783836841583,
-1.530192494392395,
-0.4080180525779724,
0.07210993766784668,
0.23029279708862305,
0.08799755573272705,
-1.4982407093048096,
0.29306769371032715,
-1.803972601890564,
0.7927130460739136,
-0.026952259242534637,
-1.8696366548538208,
2.2878575325012207,
3.7198257446289062,
-0.16432201862335205,
-0.3748757839202881,
1.7149335145950317,
-1.5690065622329712,
1.3699930906295776,
0.33116841316223145,
-0.40512311458587646,
-0.861055850982666,
0.20340698957443237,
0.4857444167137146,
-0.28666311502456665,
0.9627501964569092,
0.866033673286438,
0.567819356918335,
0.1554839313030243,
0.4326903820037842,
-0.7073959708213806,
-1.3093611001968384,
-0.6795386075973511,
-1.0811046361923218,
1.9104422330856323,
1.921912431716919,
0.32686686515808105,
0.5466136932373047,
0.9944667816162109,
-0.5612918138504028,
-0.20262570679187775,
-0.1904706060886383,
0.2873029112815857,
1.921337604522705,
1.1369575262069702,
0.24067939817905426,
-1.418036937713623,
0.055974721908569336,
1.8012148141860962,
-0.7338724136352539,
1.2922773361206055,
-2.254713296890259,
1.068079948425293,
0.3622588515281677,
-2.1141226291656494,
-0.9118508100509644,
1.0331124067306519,
0.6228018403053284,
0.3067377209663391,
-0.5136309862136841,
-0.5643148422241211,
1.4211089611053467,
-0.8334962725639343,
0.7448096871376038,
-2.471036911010742,
0.13858667016029358,
0.8135459423065186,
-0.2784310579299927,
-1.9813460111618042,
-0.3763858377933502,
-0.022989243268966675,
0.5936750173568726,
0.528511643409729,
1.9783061742782593,
0.07342375814914703,
0.35242006182670593,
0.9783062934875488,
0.6272940039634705,
-0.30809009075164795,
2.8773818016052246,
-0.7081154584884644,
-0.6966333985328674,
1.0285261869430542,
-1.155943751335144,
-0.2668231725692749,
1.2281707525253296,
0.7249452471733093,
-2.1511802673339844,
2.8458902835845947,
-0.8529301881790161,
1.4979753494262695,
-1.264195442199707,
-0.11583420634269714,
-0.1259533017873764,
1.5344641208648682,
0.32535284757614136,
-0.8072319626808167,
-0.20292410254478455,
0.5899015069007874,
0.19108296930789948,
-0.6513803005218506,
0.797961950302124,
-2.6436691284179688,
0.3059033453464508,
-0.9785387516021729,
-0.6314678192138672,
0.5032519698143005,
-0.27346450090408325,
0.46798670291900635,
-1.0236774682998657,
0.898516833782196,
0.19068597257137299,
-2.1393303871154785,
0.3999919593334198,
1.8622878789901733,
1.2941780090332031,
-0.761652946472168,
1.748235821723938,
0.0797773003578186,
0.405458927154541,
-0.4345158338546753,
-0.521657407283783,
0.7723633050918579,
1.2549445629119873,
-0.8406965136528015,
-1.9683750867843628,
-0.6939363479614258,
0.5374997854232788,
1.89793860912323,
0.4960643947124481,
-1.05983304977417,
0.8536736369132996,
1.657340407371521,
-0.45861077308654785,
0.13010923564434052,
0.458640992641449,
0.2642487585544586,
-2.5604248046875,
1.8172307014465332,
1.7037230730056763,
-2.0019102096557617,
0.6174413561820984,
2.3064939975738525,
-1.4772231578826904,
-3.177107334136963,
0.06183315068483353,
-1.2317984104156494,
-0.63673996925354,
-1.3202098608016968,
0.04375377297401428,
-0.267716646194458,
1.3329572677612305,
-0.6000627875328064,
0.592880368232727,
-1.355208396911621,
-0.08101829141378403,
-1.5205919742584229,
-2.7297310829162598,
0.17282229661941528,
-1.9344561100006104,
0.28318244218826294,
-0.5873432755470276,
-1.3758869171142578,
0.040990203619003296,
-0.9064542055130005,
-0.4614230990409851,
-1.3087817430496216,
-0.48191165924072266,
-0.06165429949760437,
0.5975225567817688,
-0.7729770541191101,
0.07131469994783401,
-2.1234560012817383,
-0.7130054831504822,
-1.6730527877807617,
-0.6570173501968384,
2.1049177646636963,
0.3496114909648895,
-0.3080536723136902,
-0.8468382954597473,
-0.5095945596694946,
0.8882884979248047,
2.0148096084594727,
1.6147263050079346,
-0.31832724809646606,
-0.009667634963989258,
0.6159490346908569,
0.7817555665969849,
0.42497092485427856,
-1.660276174545288,
-0.20101556181907654,
-1.989837408065796,
0.6260605454444885,
-1.6338489055633545,
1.4904537200927734,
-1.4173533916473389,
0.26756352186203003,
-0.09629844129085541,
0.9315143823623657,
-3.1284282207489014,
2.1631968021392822,
-1.0890369415283203,
0.6633946299552917,
-1.3728009462356567,
0.3193361461162567,
-1.4071223735809326,
-1.4972264766693115,
-0.8150115013122559,
0.07509219646453857,
1.3594887256622314,
0.17417997121810913,
-1.4552830457687378,
0.0613546222448349,
1.639482021331787,
1.4344760179519653,
0.7705246210098267,
1.0677090883255005,
-1.1014535427093506,
-0.49961867928504944,
0.20535798370838165,
-1.590158224105835,
1.173002004623413,
0.44460755586624146,
1.749533772468567,
-1.026382327079773,
-0.5572241544723511,
0.00018525123596191406,
-1.1403906345367432,
-0.1985132098197937,
0.8232065439224243,
-0.37282252311706543,
-0.39676424860954285,
1.1396329402923584,
0.3747938275337219,
-1.749983549118042,
0.979027271270752,
-0.4263331890106201,
-1.0923503637313843,
-1.7319955825805664,
-0.5139345526695251,
2.045485496520996,
1.8910205364227295,
-1.6197704076766968,
1.0672450065612793,
1.360012412071228,
1.8712496757507324,
0.44745439291000366,
1.056800127029419,
0.16716712713241577,
2.1599528789520264,
-0.9434841871261597,
-0.7637197375297546,
-0.40692606568336487,
-0.9076164960861206,
1.3095813989639282,
1.8031868934631348,
0.5612733960151672,
0.30951905250549316,
-1.0519119501113892,
2.0626726150512695,
-0.7457180619239807,
0.21071863174438477,
0.20664232969284058,
0.3707234859466553,
0.5968281626701355,
-0.24680015444755554,
1.3106915950775146,
1.0076500177383423,
0.8714492321014404,
0.7741907835006714,
-1.1112204790115356,
0.9114371538162231,
0.7470947504043579,
0.18213413655757904,
0.13835394382476807,
-0.21718087792396545,
-1.3210968971252441,
-0.4956784248352051,
0.33229589462280273,
1.1750855445861816,
0.6363137364387512,
1.4154407978057861,
0.23524464666843414,
1.6067053079605103,
1.054417371749878,
-0.4345008432865143,
0.3207188844680786,
-1.976200819015503,
-0.27617937326431274,
-0.8696571588516235,
0.4804982542991638,
-0.1914268434047699,
0.6225420832633972,
1.6653218269348145,
-0.6288288831710815,
-0.0275411456823349,
-1.3354767560958862,
0.07418614625930786,
0.9317014813423157,
0.2456967532634735,
2.034794807434082,
0.724773645401001,
-0.30699318647384644,
0.6870858669281006,
0.05072140693664551,
-0.9711964130401611,
0.5316288471221924,
-0.23025110363960266,
-1.569620132446289,
-1.240991473197937,
-0.800243079662323,
-0.8683355450630188,
2.0764777660369873,
-1.7453068494796753,
0.5945078134536743,
-0.9320234656333923,
0.026862740516662598,
-0.6317424774169922,
0.9715390205383301,
0.9785366058349609,
1.3920156955718994,
0.3804444372653961,
-1.2430860996246338,
1.844237208366394,
-1.6638948917388916,
-0.9846548438072205,
0.473855197429657,
-2.619804859161377,
-1.24515700340271,
0.3161410093307495,
0.08209982514381409,
0.3621441721916199,
-0.7049077153205872
] |
radioactive thickness gauges | i'm doing a chemistry assignment on radioactive isotopes used in industry and medicine. for my industrial radioisotope i chose cobalt-60 as my teacher suggested it. part of the assignment is about elaborating on the usage of the isotopes in their field, i've had no problem with this part except for one part, explaining how a radioactive thickness gauge actually works. everywhere i've researched says that cobalt-60 is used as a radiation source in thickness gauges but i can't find any simple enough explanations on how a radioactive(not ultrasonic) thickness gauge works, so could someone please explain or refer me to a (relatively) simple source about how they work. | i don't have a good source but i can tell you how they work in simple terms. when cobalt60 decays it emitts gamma rays. when those gamma rays travel through a material they are absorbed in part. how much they are absorbed depends on the absorption coefficient of the material (depends on material and energy of the gamma rays) and on the thickness. the absorption law is i=i0\*exp(-alpha\*x) so usually you'll know the attenuation coefficient alpha of your material and can measure i0 (intensity without material) and i (intensity with material). the you can calculate the thickness x with x=-ln(i/i0) / alpha cobalt also emits beta rays (same measuring principle), but with the betas you can only measure very thin materials as betas are absorbed very quickly. _url_0_ | 5 | [] | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuation_coefficient",
"http://www.atigauge.com/beta.html",
"http://www.answers.com/topic/radioactive-thickness-gage"
] | [
-2.1232399940490723,
1.0576118230819702,
1.7861498594284058,
1.1853026151657104,
0.45597344636917114,
-0.0025218427181243896,
2.855710029602051,
1.1666687726974487,
-0.8022189140319824,
-0.531973123550415,
1.522571086883545,
-1.271601676940918,
0.15098556876182556,
-0.8305887579917908,
-0.04393362998962402,
-0.7985242605209351,
-0.18757857382297516,
1.040950059890747,
-3.299469470977783,
0.07430240511894226,
1.579980492591858,
-1.3102190494537354,
-1.419711709022522,
-1.331189513206482,
-0.40635859966278076,
0.08509519696235657,
-0.1899234801530838,
0.3991040885448456,
0.9583549499511719,
-0.043924808502197266,
-0.826418399810791,
0.11484876275062561,
0.2655530571937561,
0.6218464374542236,
1.278100609779358,
-2.2072694301605225,
0.28072497248649597,
-1.1858580112457275,
-1.7554662227630615,
-0.3174414038658142,
-0.21832185983657837,
-0.2518754005432129,
-0.7845408916473389,
2.5469810962677,
0.1404629349708557,
-0.5501462817192078,
-0.06047946214675903,
-1.8267139196395874,
-0.6326410174369812,
0.40377435088157654,
-0.6022425889968872,
0.6561560034751892,
-2.0584797859191895,
1.2943799495697021,
-1.250903606414795,
0.6727303266525269,
0.05744998902082443,
-1.0262293815612793,
-0.8895825743675232,
-0.8736750483512878,
0.8210704922676086,
-1.2479556798934937,
-1.324878454208374,
1.3390320539474487,
2.004754066467285,
0.2803780436515808,
-0.03245475888252258,
0.3296924829483032,
-0.721983790397644,
0.8909239768981934,
-0.4094090461730957,
1.3737761974334717,
-2.3894166946411133,
0.95444655418396,
0.4917541742324829,
0.5446041822433472,
1.2050820589065552,
0.830581784248352,
-0.8277992010116577,
0.2925887107849121,
-1.1059560775756836,
-0.38267409801483154,
-0.1729157716035843,
-0.08741198480129242,
0.1444711834192276,
3.0971524715423584,
0.2669018805027008,
0.7220470309257507,
-1.4422868490219116,
0.9489287734031677,
0.2466241717338562,
-0.4582529366016388,
-2.8627398014068604,
-0.4289740324020386,
0.5967654585838318,
1.7211031913757324,
2.048546075820923,
-1.33723783493042,
0.8104122877120972,
3.075557231903076,
0.6154913306236267,
0.37710991501808167,
-3.6419529914855957,
1.8508384227752686,
-3.3762283325195312,
0.5269396305084229,
-0.558497965335846,
2.3104605674743652,
-1.1293789148330688,
0.4159284234046936,
1.0877336263656616,
-1.6373108625411987,
0.12446287274360657,
-0.13231125473976135,
1.2743462324142456,
0.23790837824344635,
1.3734079599380493,
1.1489824056625366,
-0.7809725999832153,
-0.06493958830833435,
-0.18097397685050964,
-0.021395772695541382,
0.39015355706214905,
0.36502572894096375,
0.40117520093917847,
-1.0903431177139282,
1.761189579963684,
0.6610541343688965,
-0.2164451777935028,
1.5980266332626343,
1.2877930402755737,
-1.4562351703643799,
-0.4106212258338928,
0.5010320544242859,
-1.59945809841156,
0.7255619168281555,
-0.1473454236984253,
0.8251770734786987,
-1.1354068517684937,
2.9175162315368652,
-0.7060785293579102,
0.6015123128890991,
-0.42599567770957947,
0.42078033089637756,
2.286681890487671,
0.0576491504907608,
-0.558671236038208,
-0.7009859085083008,
-0.20160920917987823,
-0.9527873992919922,
-0.5070700645446777,
0.16077588498592377,
1.051784634590149,
-0.6092742085456848,
-0.721879780292511,
-1.1700701713562012,
0.15168339014053345,
0.328205943107605,
0.36632317304611206,
0.22022505104541779,
-1.6717671155929565,
0.44202443957328796,
-0.039273858070373535,
0.491091251373291,
-0.5278826355934143,
1.0084714889526367,
1.4406330585479736,
-0.3420981764793396,
1.5167179107666016,
0.5243091583251953,
2.1027891635894775,
0.531663179397583,
0.6402896046638489,
-0.16882678866386414,
0.9776140451431274,
-0.38029319047927856,
-0.5049443244934082,
0.5061638951301575,
-0.23568880558013916,
0.8486382961273193,
0.5158789753913879,
0.35910505056381226,
2.0255308151245117,
1.9989259243011475,
-0.34162193536758423,
-0.16391688585281372,
-0.621871829032898,
0.8651233315467834,
0.4090293347835541,
-0.28064459562301636,
1.2198071479797363,
1.1132056713104248,
-1.5623953342437744,
1.2294117212295532,
-2.407851219177246,
-1.474528431892395,
-0.9517002701759338,
-2.07523512840271,
-2.8010308742523193,
0.6709095239639282,
0.843853771686554,
-0.24635420739650726,
0.7869307994842529,
0.08417248725891113,
-0.12813246250152588,
-0.31655168533325195,
1.903212308883667,
-0.7563052177429199,
-3.8602352142333984,
0.23701351881027222,
-0.6876637935638428,
-3.3746790885925293,
-1.9727275371551514,
-0.11034193634986877,
0.6771880984306335,
-0.8153461217880249,
0.000011723488569259644,
-1.9514988660812378,
-0.6459254026412964,
0.40778040885925293,
0.9403824806213379,
-0.9099411964416504,
-0.5195093154907227,
-0.6785585284233093,
0.36074936389923096,
-0.2186238318681717,
-0.46686872839927673,
0.2763904929161072,
-0.2126014083623886,
0.6530836224555969,
0.2665042579174042,
1.3501511812210083,
1.4178338050842285,
2.2707772254943848,
2.1517882347106934,
0.453884482383728,
-2.8585867881774902,
-1.8622130155563354,
-1.254178762435913,
-0.7407339811325073,
0.06600344181060791,
0.9833935499191284,
0.34758225083351135,
0.10763752460479736,
-2.235463857650757,
2.480048894882202,
2.1371028423309326,
-0.6005608439445496,
-0.19166211783885956,
-0.47980746626853943,
-0.02973252534866333,
-1.9615031480789185,
0.41026729345321655,
1.848940134048462,
1.0851497650146484,
-0.07475125789642334,
-0.2476537525653839,
-0.5315994024276733,
-0.5251011848449707,
-0.3653380870819092,
1.9842488765716553,
-0.17534323036670685,
-1.0428249835968018,
-0.6163040995597839,
0.17885880172252655,
1.3081274032592773,
1.5018662214279175,
1.1192322969436646,
-0.9841320514678955,
-1.5321919918060303,
0.2686461806297302,
-0.6627345681190491,
-0.8358865976333618,
0.08449488133192062,
2.231703519821167,
-2.465799331665039,
0.5349341630935669,
-0.6733258962631226,
0.2930701971054077,
-0.07869233191013336,
-0.042002737522125244,
-0.7212318778038025,
-1.675898551940918,
-0.3324567973613739,
0.004310339689254761,
0.8149169683456421,
-1.8583861589431763,
-2.7234530448913574,
-0.8800375461578369,
-1.3793940544128418,
0.22620972990989685,
1.0013309717178345,
0.056433677673339844,
-1.2031972408294678,
1.5417265892028809,
0.6658408641815186,
0.37794625759124756,
0.030918225646018982,
-0.058715224266052246,
-2.5840399265289307,
-0.5438762903213501,
-0.6010148525238037,
-1.552668571472168,
-0.6003926992416382,
-2.4977965354919434,
1.1782490015029907,
-0.07500995695590973,
-0.16555383801460266,
1.7369468212127686,
-1.5598047971725464,
-1.5217241048812866,
0.32985103130340576,
1.267436146736145,
0.16031363606452942,
-1.1459574699401855,
-0.08315041661262512,
-0.08438199758529663,
0.4654460549354553,
0.8644682765007019,
0.9484649300575256,
1.2243691682815552,
-1.5031673908233643,
1.0005971193313599,
-0.9685683846473694,
0.34114429354667664,
1.3045752048492432,
-0.38196441531181335,
-2.412663698196411,
0.22516003251075745,
-0.09069743752479553,
0.15489071607589722,
0.028022557497024536,
1.1646933555603027,
-0.3798675835132599,
0.7255528569221497,
0.07080985605716705,
0.060177162289619446,
-0.25072091817855835,
-0.5170889496803284,
-0.5307079553604126,
-1.1363818645477295,
-0.15035195648670197,
1.2098968029022217,
0.4036962687969208,
1.4213999509811401,
-0.29100900888442993,
-0.7850274443626404,
-1.1147640943527222,
-2.527125358581543,
2.0052809715270996,
-0.9896864891052246,
1.681034803390503,
2.656893253326416,
0.9219504594802856,
1.4718966484069824,
-1.130802869796753,
1.6408369541168213,
-0.25415536761283875,
-0.42284855246543884,
1.7349634170532227,
0.5799016952514648,
-0.5893445014953613,
-0.4265412986278534,
1.7810447216033936,
-0.2831639349460602,
2.227074146270752,
0.8616948127746582,
-0.17097698152065277,
0.19559183716773987,
0.09962451457977295,
0.6498678922653198,
0.8157196044921875,
-0.29576820135116577,
-0.6514359712600708,
-2.1677961349487305,
-2.206134557723999,
-0.8754367232322693,
1.5324262380599976,
0.10720284283161163,
0.5219974517822266,
1.5464727878570557,
-0.6906838417053223,
1.725514531135559,
-0.8554880023002625
] |
why is haemophilia fatal in women? | a few years back when i was a junior in hs, in biology class, we were learning about haemophilia and that it was always fatal if women had it. i asked my biology teacher why it was and he couldn't give me an actual answer. other people have told me it's because of menstrual cycles and others have told me that it wasn't because of it. so, why is it fatal in women? edit: words | the simple answer is that your teacher is wrong. hemophilia is dangerous in anyone, but not more fatal in women. the genes mutated in the most severe form of hemophilia (clotting factor viii or factor ix deficiency) are encoded on the x chromosome, so it is possible for a woman (who has two x chromosomes) to be an asymptomatic carrier, while any man will suffer hemophilia if his lone "x" chromosome carries a mutant allele. [this goes into more detail](_url_1_). women *can* be affected, but this would be an extraordinarily rare case, as it would require the father to *be* hemophiliac and the mother to be a carrier of the mutation. see more from [canadian hemophilia society](_url_0_). | 6 | [] | [] | [
"http://www.hemophilia.ca/en/bleeding-disorders/hemophilia-a-and-b/what-is-hemophilia/",
"http://www.hemophilia.ca/en/bleeding-disorders/hemophilia-a-and-b/heredity-of-hemophilia/"
] | [
-0.7847143411636353,
-0.00037938356399536133,
-0.4849964380264282,
-0.44338417053222656,
-1.2117034196853638,
-0.019539181143045425,
0.30651402473449707,
0.030327998101711273,
0.8541504740715027,
0.24626296758651733,
2.231525182723999,
-1.121095061302185,
-0.9679685831069946,
0.13632550835609436,
-0.887810468673706,
0.1882808357477188,
-1.3583608865737915,
-0.7287463545799255,
-2.294292688369751,
1.6673649549484253,
0.38515278697013855,
1.7856595516204834,
-0.2998009920120239,
-0.23182040452957153,
-0.8344029188156128,
-1.4943861961364746,
-0.7938417196273804,
-0.6398342847824097,
-0.7512432932853699,
-0.4165905714035034,
1.0845301151275635,
1.5091100931167603,
1.5878320932388306,
0.17017018795013428,
1.2139724493026733,
-0.682962954044342,
0.30329304933547974,
0.17477068305015564,
0.17353324592113495,
-0.7120926976203918,
0.18675071001052856,
0.005145424511283636,
-1.6722173690795898,
0.8243026733398438,
-1.3739842176437378,
1.1170603036880493,
0.6869615912437439,
0.11976144462823868,
-0.42230358719825745,
1.6762397289276123,
-0.6475833654403687,
-0.2972298860549927,
-0.03574443981051445,
0.5405448079109192,
-0.35458388924598694,
-0.36078768968582153,
-0.3468174934387207,
-1.9812004566192627,
0.015274643898010254,
1.5673021078109741,
-1.0562200546264648,
1.3219633102416992,
0.2537233829498291,
1.506169319152832,
1.2500020265579224,
-0.2728317677974701,
0.2875899374485016,
0.011079460382461548,
-0.02027246356010437,
0.03748875856399536,
1.2161784172058105,
0.4903831481933594,
-2.7853150367736816,
3.350790023803711,
-1.0885357856750488,
1.2924933433532715,
-0.9432961940765381,
-0.8703607320785522,
0.3482297658920288,
-1.1011515855789185,
-0.7923597693443298,
0.24445298314094543,
1.3989756107330322,
0.3161734342575073,
-0.4173375070095062,
1.6292331218719482,
-1.3763558864593506,
0.1796761304140091,
-1.1624383926391602,
-0.014795780181884766,
-1.4312405586242676,
-1.039921760559082,
1.6141694784164429,
0.9630849361419678,
0.0334399938583374,
1.3007241487503052,
0.5790673494338989,
0.1369321048259735,
-0.24302825331687927,
-0.8297621011734009,
-1.8726304769515991,
-0.39775902032852173,
-0.6287391185760498,
2.147665023803711,
-0.3905821442604065,
-1.0109403133392334,
1.1139742136001587,
-0.3599258065223694,
0.009600400924682617,
-0.32165974378585815,
-1.578413724899292,
-1.4176114797592163,
1.8635053634643555,
-0.7204325199127197,
-0.1519869565963745,
-0.649855375289917,
2.5935606956481934,
-0.7027087807655334,
-1.3468159437179565,
1.3513599634170532,
0.19473189115524292,
-0.9317640066146851,
0.19747179746627808,
1.059311866760254,
2.382171869277954,
-0.23747724294662476,
-1.4429560899734497,
0.9521998167037964,
1.3221995830535889,
0.9409157037734985,
3.2064661979675293,
0.45195382833480835,
0.03241918981075287,
1.2327210903167725,
-1.2470362186431885,
-1.2869967222213745,
-0.5529798269271851,
-0.7276384830474854,
-1.9592297077178955,
-1.9679479598999023,
1.093001127243042,
-0.42195987701416016,
-0.4432702660560608,
1.5228333473205566,
-0.9287273287773132,
-0.3637687861919403,
0.5105071067810059,
-1.1087312698364258,
-0.8513933420181274,
-0.010102221742272377,
-1.503423810005188,
-0.6332814693450928,
-0.7726221680641174,
-0.34050214290618896,
-1.0079632997512817,
-2.6208016872406006,
2.3864595890045166,
1.850719690322876,
-0.176842600107193,
-0.7716511487960815,
-0.9944701194763184,
-0.0646710991859436,
-0.27033281326293945,
2.4655280113220215,
0.1723415106534958,
0.4497775733470917,
-0.9300585985183716,
1.689406156539917,
-1.0490871667861938,
-1.3084145784378052,
0.1907915621995926,
-1.1360869407653809,
1.0389502048492432,
-1.8934205770492554,
0.9385113716125488,
-1.0962445735931396,
-2.006110191345215,
2.6288347244262695,
0.06315000355243683,
0.4249458312988281,
2.2143917083740234,
-0.7310166358947754,
0.5314503312110901,
0.3136581778526306,
-0.5858173370361328,
0.02899319678544998,
0.09812548756599426,
0.7861416339874268,
1.655808448791504,
-0.2615126967430115,
-0.7649957537651062,
2.239208698272705,
-0.5449799299240112,
-0.636405348777771,
0.5752300024032593,
-2.4141507148742676,
-1.0856577157974243,
0.695411741733551,
0.25074124336242676,
-0.2521342933177948,
-1.6335546970367432,
0.10109573602676392,
-0.46957677602767944,
-0.6878112554550171,
0.19265754520893097,
0.8362522125244141,
-0.17886336147785187,
-1.2175484895706177,
-1.0057414770126343,
-0.43490347266197205,
-1.0237550735473633,
0.6328282356262207,
-0.502623438835144,
-0.7838128209114075,
-0.34969663619995117,
1.4087668657302856,
-0.5332002639770508,
-0.40915247797966003,
3.766298770904541,
-1.248300552368164,
-1.708665370941162,
-1.282301664352417,
0.6770978569984436,
-1.2012954950332642,
0.222885400056839,
-0.14076611399650574,
-0.09816700220108032,
-0.4709398150444031,
-0.006260767579078674,
0.8887441158294678,
0.6541693210601807,
0.26993438601493835,
-0.7330743074417114,
0.7178570032119751,
0.5903888940811157,
0.28432464599609375,
0.8261584043502808,
-1.2917540073394775,
1.063111424446106,
0.6209618449211121,
-0.6611071825027466,
0.3611406087875366,
-1.0514827966690063,
0.9660377502441406,
-1.6312497854232788,
1.2159488201141357,
0.4700886011123657,
-1.499390721321106,
0.2845485806465149,
1.2753162384033203,
-1.9281772375106812,
0.9423768520355225,
0.8020977973937988,
0.3746134042739868,
-0.7370816469192505,
0.6257622241973877,
-1.05550217628479,
-0.40072381496429443,
1.0503777265548706,
-1.5369131565093994,
-0.41128721833229065,
1.1009833812713623,
1.428127408027649,
-0.9211371541023254,
-2.1877682209014893,
0.6039835810661316,
1.9528976678848267,
1.4339195489883423,
0.8457399606704712,
1.8022769689559937,
1.2140977382659912,
-0.23261123895645142,
2.831207275390625,
0.41678130626678467,
-1.2074354887008667,
2.16701602935791,
0.03807222470641136,
-0.02544199302792549,
1.8710722923278809,
-1.3550841808319092,
-0.306410014629364,
-1.6849817037582397,
-2.878161907196045,
0.6032868027687073,
-0.9185630679130554,
0.44703924655914307,
-0.2236146181821823,
0.4278983473777771,
-1.009765863418579,
0.5628214478492737,
-1.4195201396942139,
0.15214002132415771,
-0.294418603181839,
-0.7503672242164612,
0.0785917341709137,
-0.19103150069713593,
-1.5815316438674927,
-1.4038407802581787,
0.036689817905426025,
-1.1859612464904785,
-0.5393067598342896,
1.3600690364837646,
-0.4613848030567169,
-0.04772314429283142,
-1.1761324405670166,
-0.8702360391616821,
1.098427176475525,
0.4787352383136749,
1.9754185676574707,
-2.354964256286621,
-0.3950583338737488,
-1.0904196500778198,
-0.16125114262104034,
-0.7901612520217896,
-1.1201691627502441,
-0.035988181829452515,
-1.3677928447723389,
-1.1828879117965698,
0.9389903545379639,
0.7885981798171997,
1.094307541847229,
-1.6794683933258057,
-0.13374362885951996,
-0.9184154868125916,
1.9536902904510498,
2.011294364929199,
-1.6019763946533203,
0.39131850004196167,
0.7428181767463684,
3.2293272018432617,
-0.037694744765758514,
2.4283528327941895,
1.373518466949463,
-0.6080005168914795,
-0.06397978961467743,
-0.5237361788749695,
0.7777290940284729,
-1.0896339416503906,
0.19593331217765808,
-0.0312768816947937,
-1.2879784107208252,
0.011516854166984558,
-0.138925701379776,
2.046743631362915,
0.7594838738441467,
-0.49850714206695557,
-0.27142009139060974,
-2.8456459045410156,
-1.1770846843719482,
0.7100057601928711,
0.49566662311553955,
1.202310562133789,
-0.7897483110427856,
0.8927727341651917,
0.26253315806388855,
-0.9702526330947876,
-0.0363086462020874,
1.410468339920044,
0.3477024734020233,
-0.9339685440063477,
1.3925367593765259,
-0.11543203890323639,
-1.5242666006088257,
1.4730050563812256,
2.0987110137939453,
-0.3749725818634033,
0.4444321393966675,
-1.1625841856002808,
-0.44888100028038025,
-1.315633773803711,
0.11954109370708466,
0.3615257143974304,
1.954047441482544,
0.5767350196838379,
-1.642769694328308,
-1.1107927560806274,
0.3675806224346161,
-0.7427234649658203,
-0.4156774580478668,
1.627038836479187,
3.715207099914551,
-0.34488624334335327,
2.2318503856658936,
-0.04889664053916931
] |
if i had a pool in a airtight room with a room underneath it and i cut a hole in the bottom of the pool would the water stay in the pool? | you know like a straw in a glass of water with your thumb over the top of the straw holding in the water? | air would bubble up into the hole allowing water to pour out. like turning a 2 liter upside down. it pours a little and then takes a big gulp of air in. | 3 | [] | [] | [] | [
-0.29430314898490906,
-0.03144891932606697,
0.6968638896942139,
0.6311686038970947,
-0.44723114371299744,
-1.4010859727859497,
1.5530667304992676,
0.33353540301322937,
0.8952491879463196,
-0.17961086332798004,
-0.36229243874549866,
-0.10297653824090958,
-0.33750396966934204,
0.4830847680568695,
0.23067297041416168,
0.08905848860740662,
-0.44363176822662354,
-0.18026629090309143,
-0.9850626587867737,
0.10070084035396576,
0.8409644365310669,
0.240158349275589,
-0.6249617338180542,
-0.732840895652771,
-0.07647713273763657,
0.6663142442703247,
0.34468358755111694,
-0.08847969770431519,
0.37621617317199707,
0.14130789041519165,
0.9579786062240601,
0.19014835357666016,
0.4243849217891693,
-1.0622856616973877,
0.41322189569473267,
-0.060412973165512085,
-0.010074332356452942,
0.004719048738479614,
-0.14153078198432922,
0.02259489893913269,
0.029336534440517426,
0.14255556464195251,
0.11091373860836029,
-0.12313468754291534,
-0.14622710645198822,
0.27552518248558044,
-0.14466163516044617,
0.40672850608825684,
1.033647894859314,
0.055728793144226074,
-0.29463961720466614,
-0.78553706407547,
-0.13520564138889313,
0.03188470005989075,
-0.5379666686058044,
0.06668158620595932,
0.4452064037322998,
-0.3971617817878723,
-0.5441446900367737,
0.5439651608467102,
-0.2837638258934021,
0.15960358083248138,
-0.5040041208267212,
0.7633581161499023,
-0.03270789980888367,
-0.274689644575119,
-0.23790310323238373,
0.6514250636100769,
-0.40085819363594055,
0.08288462460041046,
0.7171940207481384,
0.20976588129997253,
-0.024732977151870728,
-0.8463869094848633,
-0.01175612211227417,
-1.0089932680130005,
0.06695858389139175,
-0.463029146194458,
0.1401868313550949,
1.7058831453323364,
0.5269526839256287,
-0.23056432604789734,
-0.8143481612205505,
0.0332300178706646,
-0.805236279964447,
0.5500198602676392,
0.27322280406951904,
0.5029016733169556,
-0.1973327249288559,
-0.19994498789310455,
-1.5761911869049072,
-0.2104438990354538,
0.02988310158252716,
0.6320159435272217,
1.0555787086486816,
0.1170702576637268,
-0.0035888664424419403,
-0.6376121640205383,
-0.0700438991189003,
-0.35059747099876404,
0.44413870573043823,
0.8218308091163635,
-0.7849858403205872,
-0.8136827945709229,
0.745223879814148,
-0.08078894764184952,
0.4695386290550232,
0.7142993211746216,
1.167936086654663,
-0.35540226101875305,
-0.6186167597770691,
0.24112871289253235,
1.07222580909729,
0.16610606014728546,
-0.05239337682723999,
0.20604568719863892,
0.15099215507507324,
-0.35718071460723877,
-1.9881913661956787,
0.3589068353176117,
-0.8465816378593445,
0.13597746193408966,
-0.9518499374389648,
-0.20478995144367218,
0.45817723870277405,
-0.3699251413345337,
0.3563227653503418,
0.5203865170478821,
-0.3370742201805115,
-0.22541072964668274,
0.32125335931777954,
0.17796532809734344,
0.648787796497345,
-0.2458493858575821,
0.16540227830410004,
0.5364696383476257,
-0.19911246001720428,
0.6472984552383423,
0.13410815596580505,
-0.3714282810688019,
-0.8587535619735718,
-0.10266728699207306,
-0.2930276691913605,
-1.3607583045959473,
-0.182724267244339,
0.6427249908447266,
-0.6268213987350464,
-0.21292848885059357,
-0.2635039985179901,
-1.364365577697754,
-0.6625168323516846,
-0.24867244064807892,
-0.07596860080957413,
-0.14147578179836273,
-0.7432130575180054,
-0.5169275999069214,
0.6965720653533936,
0.5911329984664917,
0.2692953050136566,
0.7738474011421204,
-0.9467971324920654,
0.31463831663131714,
-0.7484875321388245,
-0.025023192167282104,
0.10466675460338593,
0.1578967422246933,
-0.46900200843811035,
0.07620161026716232,
-0.19291551411151886,
0.4850841462612152,
-0.1856611967086792,
-0.1421557515859604,
-0.6395016312599182,
-0.5883827209472656,
-1.22652268409729,
0.6156058311462402,
-0.6156108379364014,
-0.26167595386505127,
0.4408124089241028,
0.08122110366821289,
0.9740124344825745,
1.1676342487335205,
0.5017337203025818,
0.3876090347766876,
0.4799736440181732,
-0.10142361372709274,
0.4531722366809845,
0.15632259845733643,
-0.42510831356048584,
-0.04585489630699158,
-0.8848549723625183,
0.5420655608177185,
-0.29659503698349,
0.2984626889228821,
-0.13247817754745483,
0.4074486792087555,
-0.4000380039215088,
-1.0626099109649658,
-0.5156419277191162,
-0.09600391238927841,
0.25440236926078796,
-0.6707283854484558,
-0.7253385782241821,
-0.8814939260482788,
0.7547394633293152,
-0.2428169548511505,
0.7142992615699768,
0.034138165414333344,
0.9807294607162476,
-0.6881348490715027,
0.7008968591690063,
-0.9519586563110352,
0.03329898416996002,
0.2770444452762604,
-0.11326965689659119,
-0.24938997626304626,
0.21434491872787476,
0.23492346704006195,
-0.9869953393936157,
-0.3675536513328552,
0.8991013169288635,
-0.815909206867218,
-0.04523719847202301,
-0.9140814542770386,
0.8129459619522095,
-0.3769521713256836,
-0.45992064476013184,
0.21685168147087097,
0.6964972615242004,
0.9850368499755859,
0.05555570125579834,
0.7398720383644104,
-0.20145997405052185,
-0.29878905415534973,
-0.23635327816009521,
0.48617756366729736,
0.08339592814445496,
0.6122852563858032,
-0.041640520095825195,
0.20044715702533722,
0.8387287259101868,
0.38835227489471436,
0.21609076857566833,
0.6888996362686157,
-0.15432024002075195,
-0.3873247802257538,
0.31108877062797546,
-0.06667488813400269,
-0.38748899102211,
0.7567664384841919,
0.09621544182300568,
0.2722844183444977,
-0.0906677395105362,
0.29241493344306946,
-0.6225185394287109,
0.5199106931686401,
-0.28971269726753235,
-0.27916082739830017,
-0.734255313873291,
-0.037615418434143066,
0.6343486905097961,
-0.49330902099609375,
-0.9370951652526855,
-1.1931180953979492,
-0.6958253383636475,
-0.0685962438583374,
0.8265730142593384,
0.9116632342338562,
-0.29055631160736084,
0.20401543378829956,
0.3071390390396118,
-0.8823537826538086,
-0.21245956420898438,
0.35386547446250916,
-0.3683847188949585,
-0.8323014974594116,
-0.5929908752441406,
1.2672170400619507,
0.29960882663726807,
0.2668466866016388,
0.22243477404117584,
-0.9710899591445923,
-0.6057459115982056,
-0.3518040180206299,
0.7422083616256714,
0.1119706928730011,
0.12192343920469284,
-0.8790742754936218,
0.430478036403656,
0.3235588073730469,
-0.633918046951294,
1.2552125453948975,
0.6104793548583984,
-0.35219722986221313,
0.5450272560119629,
-0.7144167423248291,
0.43882015347480774,
1.421735167503357,
0.32861822843551636,
-0.05908022075891495,
-0.5784763097763062,
-0.41516849398612976,
0.033439308404922485,
0.3603564202785492,
-0.8615611791610718,
1.0042006969451904,
-0.1995595544576645,
-0.002349287271499634,
0.7544440031051636,
-0.7693088054656982,
0.21981431543827057,
-0.42646199464797974,
-0.1160934790968895,
0.20065081119537354,
-0.3207266926765442,
0.31644394993782043,
0.607457160949707,
0.32667580246925354,
0.8920342922210693,
-0.17245733737945557,
-0.42788776755332947,
-0.5179839730262756,
-0.4304177165031433,
0.17655283212661743,
0.038923803716897964,
-0.7336586713790894,
0.20465470850467682,
-0.058991625905036926,
-0.5427215099334717,
-0.860551118850708,
-0.2493003010749817,
0.8140581846237183,
0.7941123247146606,
0.9962124824523926,
0.6367357969284058,
-0.19504040479660034,
-0.19516225159168243,
-0.7047603130340576,
-0.3110430836677551,
-0.6436872482299805,
-0.2313489019870758,
0.2074633240699768,
0.1365024447441101,
0.3383764624595642,
0.3994596004486084,
-0.19870314002037048,
-0.06420329213142395,
-0.1944742202758789,
-0.5758175253868103,
0.11071886122226715,
-0.7782939672470093,
1.0259417295455933,
-0.6160774827003479,
0.1693446785211563,
-0.18474899232387543,
0.04706430435180664,
-0.018989473581314087,
0.3467114269733429,
0.1626361608505249,
-0.7226681113243103,
-0.0024695247411727905,
-0.4070475697517395,
0.20033493638038635,
0.33555296063423157,
-0.3173936605453491,
1.3024574518203735,
-0.07329048216342926,
0.36501234769821167,
-0.16523905098438263,
1.2592568397521973,
0.7253775000572205,
0.6894908547401428,
0.6552351117134094,
0.14832332730293274,
0.1688772439956665,
-0.29170340299606323,
-0.5090874433517456,
0.7322995662689209,
-0.3685714304447174,
-0.08134906738996506,
-0.1253967583179474,
0.5219520330429077,
0.4472410976886749,
0.3036744296550751
] |
if the metric system is superior, why doesn't anyone advocate 100 degrees in a circle instead of 360? | i get that 360 was chosen for easy divisibility, and because of the relation to earth's orbit. but it seems kind of arbitrary? | part of the answer is, most people who use angle measurements seriously in the fields of mathematics and science are using radians. a radian is essentially the angle you make when going a distance around the edge of the circle equal in length to the radius of the circle -- so you wind up with 2*pi radians in a circle. now, at first glance, this may seem really ugly -- replacing 360 with an irrational number?! however, it turns out that there are a lot of really nice properties you get when you measure angles in radians, which are explained here: _url_0_ however, what i have said applies to the sciences. i do not know how engineers measure angles. they may not use radians, as radians wouldn't convey as much of a benefit in that case. there is a unit called the "gradian," which is 1/400 of a circle, making a right angle 100 gradians -- this is a bit more like what you are talking about. | 7 | [] | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radians#Advantages_of_measuring_in_radians"
] | [
-1.622015357017517,
0.42595791816711426,
-0.25529226660728455,
0.7679774165153503,
-2.0232796669006348,
-2.3117804527282715,
0.6053048372268677,
0.5733951330184937,
2.83107328414917,
-0.7424984574317932,
0.4018546938896179,
-1.6544994115829468,
1.3149727582931519,
-0.7785427570343018,
0.06419691443443298,
0.6501818895339966,
-1.14509117603302,
0.2951955497264862,
-3.614985227584839,
-0.252337783575058,
0.817287802696228,
-0.7127289772033691,
-1.5820196866989136,
0.11291524767875671,
1.203676700592041,
-0.09143154323101044,
1.7358318567276,
-1.0256354808807373,
0.9950874447822571,
-0.2741052210330963,
-2.19289493560791,
1.8989418745040894,
-2.2556352615356445,
0.585078239440918,
-2.1023433208465576,
-0.46131908893585205,
-1.5678932666778564,
1.6682361364364624,
-0.30087053775787354,
0.8266016244888306,
0.6725128889083862,
-1.1159852743148804,
2.0100457668304443,
0.950215220451355,
1.3760746717453003,
1.8346582651138306,
0.03499746322631836,
0.7313615083694458,
-0.735161304473877,
0.3573678135871887,
-1.5485767126083374,
-0.1434568166732788,
-1.8638920783996582,
0.5860872268676758,
-1.0683913230895996,
1.8774116039276123,
0.3365197777748108,
-1.4379059076309204,
0.08267125487327576,
-0.1974199116230011,
1.8484681844711304,
-0.45262640714645386,
-0.953374445438385,
2.0261080265045166,
0.9422892928123474,
-0.5013752579689026,
-0.4303201735019684,
-1.6842316389083862,
-1.9310827255249023,
2.1107821464538574,
0.18415307998657227,
0.1912311613559723,
0.9388828873634338,
0.39362749457359314,
1.9759974479675293,
-1.4159905910491943,
-0.37180542945861816,
2.5422723293304443,
0.3675948977470398,
-1.1310145854949951,
1.8080919981002808,
-0.40171122550964355,
-0.24927936494350433,
1.6075096130371094,
1.5224394798278809,
1.6801320314407349,
0.13393312692642212,
0.39694148302078247,
0.762816846370697,
-0.5956884622573853,
1.3888769149780273,
-1.0133370161056519,
-2.3783206939697266,
-0.1571608930826187,
-1.2665010690689087,
-0.6838691234588623,
0.5807190537452698,
-1.7730458974838257,
-0.031329721212387085,
2.696277618408203,
-1.8316723108291626,
0.7197916507720947,
-2.16054630279541,
1.8732037544250488,
-1.0811793804168701,
-0.7918492555618286,
0.5255582928657532,
1.5797914266586304,
-1.3995252847671509,
2.6120755672454834,
0.9415080547332764,
-1.3441579341888428,
-1.2975950241088867,
-1.3282904624938965,
-0.034559547901153564,
-1.6509411334991455,
0.18811726570129395,
0.4667357802391052,
0.9277942180633545,
-1.9606223106384277,
-1.0669339895248413,
0.5007724165916443,
-0.034352272748947144,
0.42965301871299744,
0.2110062837600708,
-1.3337072134017944,
1.5422143936157227,
0.17859235405921936,
-1.191068410873413,
3.5774011611938477,
0.7794090509414673,
-1.4531069993972778,
-0.7310004234313965,
-0.4777270555496216,
-1.6779367923736572,
0.20309552550315857,
3.2430260181427,
0.6445653438568115,
-0.6391165852546692,
3.910245418548584,
1.6287873983383179,
1.0737965106964111,
2.072521686553955,
0.8690506219863892,
2.282024383544922,
0.17273841798305511,
-2.2787482738494873,
-1.5823101997375488,
-0.4086090326309204,
0.0950121134519577,
-0.7841196060180664,
0.3591992259025574,
-2.073436975479126,
-1.93903386592865,
0.045057520270347595,
0.21379509568214417,
-2.4307756423950195,
1.0003483295440674,
0.6372906565666199,
0.2565176486968994,
0.17349091172218323,
0.6464858651161194,
1.3304612636566162,
1.3545663356781006,
-0.03995782136917114,
0.19311271607875824,
0.23572678864002228,
-0.9729791879653931,
0.08206471800804138,
1.358447790145874,
2.2862131595611572,
-0.19776247441768646,
0.7285288572311401,
2.145232677459717,
0.8156046867370605,
0.032499633729457855,
-2.4754271507263184,
1.4884605407714844,
-1.1574076414108276,
1.3340049982070923,
-0.0075969398021698,
-0.5754631161689758,
3.5883452892303467,
0.2982993423938751,
0.4901314675807953,
0.00630246102809906,
-0.44662564992904663,
0.6234608292579651,
-1.6099286079406738,
0.4614567756652832,
0.5045810341835022,
-0.7116746306419373,
-3.2113840579986572,
0.440680593252182,
-2.7366855144500732,
0.27282777428627014,
0.6992433071136475,
-2.333696126937866,
-0.7770472168922424,
1.2177382707595825,
-1.8577375411987305,
0.11086976528167725,
1.5113856792449951,
-2.0693225860595703,
0.6027741432189941,
0.8349288702011108,
1.7286689281463623,
-0.6089723110198975,
-2.5653464794158936,
2.5431318283081055,
0.5693361163139343,
-3.226062059402466,
-1.0587419271469116,
-0.43832626938819885,
2.0655415058135986,
-0.2435344010591507,
-1.8646395206451416,
-1.1898550987243652,
-1.7036304473876953,
1.2986477613449097,
0.8644197583198547,
0.7170891761779785,
0.27903980016708374,
-2.492828369140625,
-1.8868842124938965,
-0.3496001958847046,
-0.24067458510398865,
0.3953578472137451,
-1.1318626403808594,
-0.7514069080352783,
3.585732936859131,
0.2825011909008026,
1.396810531616211,
1.538578987121582,
-1.0316076278686523,
-0.1674366146326065,
-1.0526690483093262,
-0.4967763423919678,
0.9970444440841675,
-2.641476631164551,
-0.3518235683441162,
-1.32918381690979,
-0.6261981725692749,
0.7646207809448242,
0.3629209101200104,
-0.2068956047296524,
0.28133267164230347,
-0.16424134373664856,
0.6496263742446899,
2.4428963661193848,
0.9316513538360596,
-0.931393027305603,
-3.4008255004882812,
0.6512222290039062,
-2.0277068614959717,
-1.8692644834518433,
0.2937057316303253,
0.001296391710639,
-2.4244771003723145,
-0.11840400099754333,
2.5037920475006104,
-1.5824029445648193,
-1.782631754875183,
-1.8469877243041992,
1.2291526794433594,
1.2317345142364502,
1.1303794384002686,
2.208930015563965,
-1.8129355907440186,
-0.6292681694030762,
0.8221117854118347,
0.09304439276456833,
-2.4175872802734375,
-0.8095641732215881,
-0.44788825511932373,
-1.5038516521453857,
0.6464700698852539,
0.5184780359268188,
-1.3381954431533813,
-1.0802322626113892,
-2.159438371658325,
-0.1806352287530899,
0.5804804563522339,
0.8322786688804626,
0.5419661402702332,
-0.776659369468689,
-0.9331117868423462,
0.6451675891876221,
2.6962804794311523,
-0.8832866549491882,
0.9210472106933594,
1.0357494354248047,
-0.7897910475730896,
-0.4300999343395233,
0.7851216793060303,
0.6332553029060364,
-0.9405856132507324,
-1.2149202823638916,
0.024777114391326904,
-1.1038953065872192,
1.8659088611602783,
0.3276045024394989,
-2.6254923343658447,
-0.9389488101005554,
-2.5884897708892822,
-1.185903787612915,
0.44581401348114014,
1.5753332376480103,
0.575524091720581,
-0.9456868171691895,
-0.15969979763031006,
-2.231903553009033,
1.8846323490142822,
2.4320547580718994,
-0.6881726384162903,
2.6491286754608154,
-0.36367273330688477,
0.12754228711128235,
2.538661241531372,
0.4409908056259155,
-0.4055601954460144,
0.17617829144001007,
1.000004768371582,
-1.3963416814804077,
-0.031182587146759033,
-0.38405096530914307,
-0.42345717549324036,
-0.11628082394599915,
-2.6440627574920654,
0.010172829031944275,
-1.4922409057617188,
1.116567611694336,
0.6514037251472473,
0.4106999933719635,
3.007481813430786,
0.5486193895339966,
-0.8101304769515991,
-0.4962873160839081,
-1.4267926216125488,
1.9978303909301758,
-1.0296776294708252,
0.10544478893280029,
1.2406997680664062,
-0.052231818437576294,
0.06639672815799713,
0.8419409990310669,
-0.18335998058319092,
0.6717801094055176,
-0.8576374053955078,
0.794885516166687,
-0.9862082600593567,
1.331017255783081,
3.282487154006958,
0.7600832581520081,
0.37442824244499207,
-1.4250890016555786,
-0.08130094408988953,
0.3309212923049927,
1.1935429573059082,
0.41594699025154114,
-0.6530999541282654,
0.3857649862766266,
0.8975947499275208,
3.409074544906616,
-0.37682801485061646,
1.7092041969299316,
1.196739912033081,
-0.13779766857624054,
-0.8418189883232117,
0.5176969766616821,
0.031088054180145264,
1.7701873779296875,
0.523819088935852,
-1.0239062309265137,
-0.6076335906982422,
-2.383413076400757,
1.0546990633010864,
-0.0625024288892746,
-3.2871272563934326,
1.4343929290771484,
1.0366907119750977,
1.2621256113052368,
-0.37878891825675964,
0.5236862897872925
] |
why isn't there a metric system for measuring angles with, say, a right angle equal to 10 "metric degrees"? | angles come with a super amazing, convenient and natural way to measure them that is completely independent of any cultural influences or human preferences: [radians](_url_0_). additionally, angles can be identified as a number between 0 and 2pi, there's never really any need to talk about 8.563x10^(32) radians. so there's no need to talk about angles that get really big, you usually just need to know where they lay on the circle which is given by a number between 0 and 2pi. they wrap up on themselves, so there's no need to talk about very large angles that would require a kilo, mega, etc kind of system. | 41 | [] | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radian",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gradian"
] | [
-1.821295976638794,
-0.3554357588291168,
-0.7387868165969849,
0.41930416226387024,
-1.5706058740615845,
-1.4692778587341309,
-0.6736460328102112,
-0.21966542303562164,
2.1859540939331055,
-0.47593942284584045,
1.2157713174819946,
-0.514420747756958,
0.5978543758392334,
-1.287318468093872,
0.20044532418251038,
0.049239933490753174,
-0.7665523886680603,
-0.02553347498178482,
-2.079378366470337,
-0.2124406397342682,
1.4706668853759766,
-0.4508516192436218,
-0.721013605594635,
0.029123812913894653,
0.88050377368927,
-0.1385161578655243,
0.2808004915714264,
0.0971190333366394,
0.4101425111293793,
-0.2661629915237427,
-0.9885911345481873,
1.1787848472595215,
-0.13056935369968414,
-0.11929085850715637,
-0.9356341361999512,
-0.161750927567482,
-0.5675719380378723,
1.0012052059173584,
0.47535425424575806,
0.061074696481227875,
0.2637910842895508,
-0.11754325777292252,
1.8081375360488892,
0.6648536920547485,
0.666496217250824,
1.64605712890625,
-0.9279800057411194,
1.0016225576400757,
-0.5923948884010315,
0.4865272045135498,
-0.8220402002334595,
0.17088811099529266,
-1.5151695013046265,
0.7537462115287781,
-0.0610380619764328,
0.12152746319770813,
0.12218758463859558,
-0.9475637674331665,
0.08299483358860016,
0.03345596790313721,
1.2668970823287964,
-0.031125470995903015,
0.724877119064331,
-0.21135313808918,
-0.009125825017690659,
0.4138777256011963,
-0.46403124928474426,
0.057527944445610046,
0.21727228164672852,
1.658148169517517,
-0.6061180233955383,
-0.30535298585891724,
-0.3223288059234619,
-0.07320478558540344,
0.5744246244430542,
-0.7836193442344666,
-0.16779561340808868,
0.7490938305854797,
-0.6252701878547668,
-0.43501800298690796,
-0.5642796754837036,
-0.23180299997329712,
0.09589004516601562,
1.032967448234558,
0.6094452142715454,
0.8084672689437866,
0.2408844381570816,
1.4149322509765625,
0.31398046016693115,
-0.2541949450969696,
1.1671332120895386,
-0.00606400053948164,
-2.0902211666107178,
0.5229607820510864,
-0.7110645771026611,
-0.2961364984512329,
-0.37694382667541504,
-1.5411207675933838,
-0.2477283626794815,
0.7285904288291931,
-0.1582985818386078,
-0.0028038257732987404,
-1.1969377994537354,
1.3495012521743774,
-0.2062445878982544,
0.5128536224365234,
0.16182638704776764,
1.2135939598083496,
-0.595636248588562,
1.8845125436782837,
0.05936334282159805,
-1.527006983757019,
-0.11360691487789154,
0.08198730647563934,
0.16778461635112762,
-1.4134159088134766,
0.24737077951431274,
0.11815701425075531,
-0.7036526799201965,
-1.3538861274719238,
-0.3820329010486603,
0.1702846884727478,
0.23382410407066345,
0.30114689469337463,
0.3344991207122803,
-1.245370626449585,
-0.11217039823532104,
0.2579773962497711,
-0.2899683117866516,
1.862809658050537,
1.2204887866973877,
-0.13198009133338928,
-0.30240389704704285,
0.1575603485107422,
-0.5237926244735718,
0.27878445386886597,
2.1298234462738037,
0.7177413702011108,
-0.4310525059700012,
2.4295692443847656,
0.7803406715393066,
0.2768124043941498,
0.7296184301376343,
-0.6559751033782959,
2.911329984664917,
0.6158173680305481,
-1.4134260416030884,
-0.8022686839103699,
-0.04952533543109894,
0.2356693595647812,
-0.45348554849624634,
-0.46456795930862427,
-1.1477793455123901,
-0.28137195110321045,
-0.4679536521434784,
0.7038108706474304,
-1.9223533868789673,
0.08905114233493805,
0.10216754674911499,
-0.971001148223877,
0.30672043561935425,
-0.4265228509902954,
0.7229124307632446,
0.7296240925788879,
0.1970120668411255,
-0.5940943956375122,
-0.6664720773696899,
-0.7984787225723267,
0.2913528382778168,
0.9801130890846252,
1.3391609191894531,
0.4807790517807007,
0.3680882453918457,
1.5756474733352661,
1.0078965425491333,
0.9075354337692261,
-2.187913417816162,
0.20708826184272766,
-0.39661458134651184,
0.7785758972167969,
-0.04299894720315933,
0.06246887147426605,
2.055250406265259,
-0.011681213974952698,
0.20471781492233276,
0.09110645949840546,
-0.2538750469684601,
0.9175809621810913,
-0.281587153673172,
0.1888936311006546,
1.510899305343628,
-1.5599613189697266,
-1.0708744525909424,
0.5374329090118408,
-1.475867748260498,
0.3546970784664154,
-0.014539241790771484,
-0.6836020350456238,
-0.28266817331314087,
0.6054701805114746,
-0.38921016454696655,
0.20553724467754364,
0.29433107376098633,
-0.5210033655166626,
0.26250749826431274,
-0.3237678110599518,
1.3112990856170654,
1.259626865386963,
-1.7317514419555664,
2.2870383262634277,
1.0954481363296509,
-3.3223211765289307,
-0.2232082337141037,
-1.3139946460723877,
0.7831544876098633,
0.35854625701904297,
-0.8956624269485474,
-1.1298218965530396,
-1.643669605255127,
0.12377512454986572,
-0.31519877910614014,
-0.8776627779006958,
-0.44307392835617065,
-0.9802770018577576,
-1.486372709274292,
-0.6647682189941406,
-0.26799556612968445,
-0.3261480927467346,
-0.6888997554779053,
0.32677173614501953,
1.9535545110702515,
0.7105039954185486,
1.3660157918930054,
1.287830114364624,
-0.7358790636062622,
0.5549975633621216,
-0.1396493911743164,
-0.46912217140197754,
2.091829776763916,
-0.4185386598110199,
-0.5571756958961487,
-0.3581385910511017,
-0.3421177864074707,
0.07194888591766357,
0.953484296798706,
-0.07074280083179474,
-0.4032687544822693,
0.4268103241920471,
0.8417405486106873,
2.051628589630127,
-0.41482436656951904,
-1.2859556674957275,
-1.0618398189544678,
0.645997166633606,
-1.6547456979751587,
-1.5196069478988647,
-0.04486571252346039,
0.7379150390625,
-1.5343334674835205,
-0.053485747426748276,
1.2999019622802734,
0.1513027846813202,
-1.1849379539489746,
-1.0021889209747314,
0.15129338204860687,
0.8132455348968506,
0.2891193628311157,
1.6581321954727173,
-1.677012324333191,
-0.9014772772789001,
-0.2781921327114105,
0.3905268907546997,
-1.6444511413574219,
-0.41763606667518616,
-0.9192484617233276,
0.11170777678489685,
-0.033303402364254,
-0.35460346937179565,
-0.45093581080436707,
-0.5571720004081726,
-2.0923855304718018,
-0.09208931028842926,
1.1934982538223267,
1.0525442361831665,
0.7325613498687744,
-1.5027978420257568,
-1.0993521213531494,
-0.31732839345932007,
1.174026608467102,
0.04038402438163757,
1.5843307971954346,
0.2526508867740631,
-0.9455416202545166,
-1.1438826322555542,
1.1105849742889404,
0.5531042814254761,
-0.2401179075241089,
-0.9264348149299622,
0.3966776728630066,
-0.011981263756752014,
0.6539947986602783,
1.0305085182189941,
-0.8778559565544128,
-0.013126203790307045,
-0.6664131283760071,
-0.4659643769264221,
0.2652451992034912,
1.4672906398773193,
0.30737119913101196,
0.10307933390140533,
-0.4707951843738556,
-0.2078820765018463,
1.984735131263733,
1.4162945747375488,
-0.08857494592666626,
1.451749324798584,
-0.39856377243995667,
0.622755765914917,
0.766242265701294,
0.7964532971382141,
-0.5066355466842651,
-0.2016623467206955,
0.5066101551055908,
-0.9175580739974976,
-1.4657995700836182,
-0.556351363658905,
0.560357928276062,
-0.14150108397006989,
-1.565723180770874,
0.12751439213752747,
-0.06924678385257721,
-0.034056901931762695,
0.533294141292572,
0.35149848461151123,
1.905827522277832,
-0.5548381805419922,
0.45430561900138855,
-0.3458910286426544,
-1.1354446411132812,
1.2562172412872314,
-1.289332628250122,
-0.3573985695838928,
0.9960230588912964,
-0.08055776357650757,
0.34385502338409424,
0.2685467600822449,
-0.5348291993141174,
0.17236776649951935,
-0.7734155654907227,
-0.19261986017227173,
0.7305197715759277,
-0.4157147705554962,
1.2233796119689941,
0.5226285457611084,
-0.4232461452484131,
-1.1442564725875854,
-0.9964180588722229,
0.31605249643325806,
-0.2903662919998169,
-0.19570961594581604,
-0.509597659111023,
-0.7339097261428833,
0.4025980532169342,
1.7466481924057007,
-0.6986778974533081,
1.4789700508117676,
0.6640781164169312,
-1.0854285955429077,
-1.0426454544067383,
-0.0835656076669693,
0.5729056596755981,
1.4199566841125488,
-0.19371503591537476,
-0.8257529735565186,
-1.1967012882232666,
-1.067469835281372,
0.7169520258903503,
0.36389756202697754,
-1.1045690774917603,
0.9697868824005127,
-0.16939827799797058,
0.7698974609375,
-0.7761731147766113,
-0.22863329946994781
] |
|
imagine a spaceship that can sustain a 9.81m/s² acceleration: if you were inside locked in an isolated cell, how would you know you're not on earth ? could you ? | if you had the right equipment, you could tell the difference because of tidal forces. einstein's equivalence princinple states that a linearly accelerating frame and a *uniform* gravitational field of the right strength are equivalent. the earth does not have a uniform gravitational field. it has a roughly radial gravitational field which is close to uniform on the human scale. the non-uniformity of earth's gravitational field causes tidal forces. standing on earth's surface, your feet are ever so slightly more strongly pulled down than your ears because your feet are closer to the earth, causing you to stretch. the effect is so small, that you can't feel it. but, in principle, sensitive force meters can measure the non-uniform nature of the earth's gravitational field. on your hypothetical spaceship, you would try to detect the radial non-uniform pattern of earth's gravity, fail to find it, and conclude you were not on earth. | 32 | [] | [] | [] | [
1.0232497453689575,
0.15192252397537231,
1.844329833984375,
0.11655399948358536,
1.8463466167449951,
-2.0481154918670654,
-0.5402616858482361,
0.15085408091545105,
1.3488565683364868,
-1.710174798965454,
2.784832000732422,
0.0036883652210235596,
0.7292518019676208,
0.7703313827514648,
0.8617912530899048,
-1.4803063869476318,
-2.1371853351593018,
-0.38508182764053345,
-3.4658079147338867,
1.6304173469543457,
-0.3932774066925049,
0.24133485555648804,
-1.1891776323318481,
1.4418543577194214,
-2.5394396781921387,
-0.22187212109565735,
-2.065755844116211,
-0.5677427649497986,
0.017705559730529785,
-1.0559111833572388,
-0.6390811204910278,
-2.3087618350982666,
-0.7003873586654663,
-1.1820757389068604,
0.4207684397697449,
2.838984251022339,
1.4884089231491089,
-0.6685495972633362,
-1.7942256927490234,
0.7041395902633667,
0.41502323746681213,
-1.7792259454727173,
1.6891134977340698,
1.0664774179458618,
1.2373287677764893,
2.8464925289154053,
2.694650411605835,
0.06310252100229263,
-0.6083501577377319,
-0.3039388954639435,
-0.602036714553833,
-0.2906324863433838,
0.18085065484046936,
-2.324793815612793,
-1.6994304656982422,
2.737736701965332,
1.2670954465866089,
-1.6689459085464478,
1.5854885578155518,
-1.7645293474197388,
0.0851062461733818,
0.7013273239135742,
-1.4114243984222412,
-0.0012032091617584229,
2.4100735187530518,
0.5337234735488892,
-0.7485798001289368,
-1.2104049921035767,
-0.9162448048591614,
3.9661865234375,
-0.22419001162052155,
1.0986332893371582,
-1.7353813648223877,
-0.07696226984262466,
0.9546650648117065,
-1.4197731018066406,
0.9382320642471313,
2.5562798976898193,
0.28322336077690125,
0.24943038821220398,
-0.8412662148475647,
-0.5399922132492065,
-2.176926612854004,
0.3804817199707031,
-0.9918516874313354,
-0.621904194355011,
2.641838550567627,
1.5757224559783936,
2.1367619037628174,
-1.094412922859192,
-0.8164554834365845,
-1.1396827697753906,
0.3475329577922821,
-0.6988060474395752,
-0.44287338852882385,
1.9695711135864258,
-1.0729467868804932,
-1.6443853378295898,
0.9442764520645142,
-0.9612135291099548,
-1.8854424953460693,
0.22076551616191864,
-2.047517776489258,
3.141940116882324,
0.38997405767440796,
-0.1957809031009674,
-1.2846932411193848,
0.6856138706207275,
1.2379109859466553,
0.6158672571182251,
1.1584484577178955,
-1.0404765605926514,
0.7840760946273804,
0.307913213968277,
-1.8068734407424927,
-1.1724456548690796,
-1.2550395727157593,
1.536860704421997,
-1.207863211631775,
-1.354374647140503,
-1.826552152633667,
-2.608126401901245,
2.036968231201172,
1.028692364692688,
3.036468267440796,
-1.9513356685638428,
-0.6063389182090759,
0.6317689418792725,
-0.5320222973823547,
-1.261714220046997,
1.4766314029693604,
-4.05241584777832,
-0.8314163684844971,
-0.6513371467590332,
-2.6777892112731934,
-0.41790294647216797,
1.6384222507476807,
1.4394423961639404,
-1.4271142482757568,
2.863544225692749,
2.3334786891937256,
0.8287234306335449,
0.497076153755188,
1.1288410425186157,
0.47342103719711304,
1.3636285066604614,
-0.5373479127883911,
-0.4570886194705963,
-0.16662535071372986,
-1.3968310356140137,
-1.5124576091766357,
-0.5343443155288696,
2.015089988708496,
-0.8384652733802795,
0.21257179975509644,
1.309172511100769,
0.2682448625564575,
-1.1950929164886475,
-1.035712718963623,
-0.3219163715839386,
0.5373004078865051,
1.6798664331436157,
-0.07518157362937927,
1.0461313724517822,
1.8426764011383057,
2.341085433959961,
-1.0503394603729248,
-0.5680060982704163,
1.7903032302856445,
-0.8085597157478333,
1.8815910816192627,
0.15845894813537598,
1.6499814987182617,
-0.2531393766403198,
1.838213324546814,
0.3607933521270752,
-1.4261951446533203,
-1.0014433860778809,
0.6780358552932739,
2.1218128204345703,
0.2219826877117157,
-1.6529721021652222,
3.309323787689209,
1.7975680828094482,
-1.0291191339492798,
1.716665506362915,
-1.5679633617401123,
0.34094882011413574,
-1.527962565422058,
-1.4982432126998901,
2.7937428951263428,
-0.7578308582305908,
0.8983874320983887,
0.4868261516094208,
-2.4736979007720947,
1.7132576704025269,
-1.9161741733551025,
-0.024764403700828552,
-1.5412137508392334,
0.2258186787366867,
-0.9067103862762451,
0.2468646615743637,
0.6831464171409607,
-1.8210861682891846,
-0.27602484822273254,
-0.2686816453933716,
2.3537704944610596,
-1.151059865951538,
-2.1985833644866943,
1.8666754961013794,
-0.12698432803153992,
-2.677297592163086,
-0.35331565141677856,
0.3421586751937866,
-0.6785017251968384,
0.23281478881835938,
-0.2416076958179474,
-2.2541768550872803,
-1.716283917427063,
-0.09504266083240509,
-0.32473328709602356,
-0.09095612168312073,
-1.9175974130630493,
-2.2837347984313965,
-1.3419138193130493,
-0.8945514559745789,
-0.7363952398300171,
1.0253124237060547,
1.2430856227874756,
2.068268060684204,
1.3626264333724976,
0.2013578861951828,
-1.6636829376220703,
2.7444825172424316,
2.5539605617523193,
-3.190911293029785,
-1.8022011518478394,
0.2272493541240692,
0.7237391471862793,
-0.14975762367248535,
-1.8537805080413818,
1.2108122110366821,
-1.4407215118408203,
1.3970338106155396,
1.5341635942459106,
-1.790641188621521,
1.7468605041503906,
-0.06267848610877991,
-0.5679967999458313,
-0.39972755312919617,
1.6397995948791504,
-0.7643749117851257,
-2.7461354732513428,
1.5662997961044312,
-0.2888054847717285,
1.6941838264465332,
-0.8216295838356018,
-1.283318281173706,
-1.7204644680023193,
0.16911855340003967,
-2.3993983268737793,
0.8603591322898865,
-1.3380489349365234,
-1.6169143915176392,
-0.9057881832122803,
2.808887004852295,
2.6769096851348877,
0.334310382604599,
-1.3363666534423828,
-2.4320003986358643,
0.7613816261291504,
0.30390894412994385,
-0.811977744102478,
-1.1785929203033447,
0.8771311044692993,
-0.822818398475647,
0.823797881603241,
-0.3165987730026245,
0.10837102681398392,
-0.9870505332946777,
-1.7887952327728271,
-1.377593755722046,
-1.1439523696899414,
-0.22297288477420807,
0.38150373101234436,
0.05082628130912781,
0.501160204410553,
0.3248571753501892,
1.69423246383667,
0.16803814470767975,
-0.8884365558624268,
4.173519134521484,
-0.7873830795288086,
3.195411205291748,
0.30126291513442993,
-0.8807005286216736,
-0.6410021185874939,
0.6162046194076538,
1.3209086656570435,
1.1367523670196533,
2.7899112701416016,
-1.0025238990783691,
-1.0940172672271729,
-0.3587612211704254,
0.6973121166229248,
0.7786518335342407,
1.388634204864502,
1.4417994022369385,
-0.3597971200942993,
0.762877345085144,
-2.4566104412078857,
-0.6876332759857178,
1.100178837776184,
2.577446460723877,
0.01330140233039856,
-0.21583852171897888,
0.08338476717472076,
1.5613383054733276,
-0.22689275443553925,
-0.7012939453125,
0.4538682699203491,
0.9184612035751343,
-0.5498863458633423,
-0.9361876249313354,
-0.5522985458374023,
2.4770283699035645,
0.5139332413673401,
-1.3761918544769287,
-2.9664273262023926,
-1.086333155632019,
-1.5633339881896973,
-0.9963353276252747,
-0.17958180606365204,
1.5726418495178223,
0.80825275182724,
1.5918841361999512,
-0.08122186362743378,
-1.0971508026123047,
-0.4122520983219147,
1.9182696342468262,
-0.4909932315349579,
0.2684337794780731,
0.8869622945785522,
0.26827549934387207,
0.9418599605560303,
-0.5331221222877502,
0.49650630354881287,
-0.7131681442260742,
-2.2833213806152344,
1.0750997066497803,
-0.07020657509565353,
0.6802363991737366,
-0.37316715717315674,
0.15400487184524536,
1.3562650680541992,
-0.0717165619134903,
-0.7604799866676331,
-0.8116242289543152,
0.15224626660346985,
1.182550072669983,
0.9220985174179077,
2.2034950256347656,
0.03951398655772209,
2.057603120803833,
-0.4470953345298767,
3.4052107334136963,
-1.181869626045227,
-0.8465921878814697,
-0.7637392282485962,
2.2030441761016846,
0.40874868631362915,
1.1285724639892578,
-0.6814309358596802,
-1.607435941696167,
1.076737880706787,
0.31300824880599976,
-1.720780849456787,
-0.07362788915634155,
-2.6355791091918945,
1.4548636674880981,
-0.299375981092453,
1.5262908935546875,
1.7433271408081055,
0.5751276612281799
] |
|
what is the fastest, most efficient way to evaporate grey water? | i'm going to burning man this year and one of the biggest issues that people have to deal with is the disposal of grey water. i was going to build a shallow evaporation pond, but i'm not sure this will be good enough. so i turn to you, r/askscience, to see if there is perhaps a more efficient way to evaporate this water. things that are a given: - evaporation pond - ungodly quantities of sun and dry air my ideas so far: - set up a system of fans that run along the edge of the evap pond. i imagine moving air over the pond will speed up evaporation, but i'm not sure about this. - build a sun-powered fountain system that pumps the water up and turns it into an extremely fine mist that evaporates before it hits the ground anyway that's all i've got for now. are these ideas sound or scientifically stupid? thanks! **edit**: after poking around some more, i was able to find this: _url_0_ judging by what people there say, this might be efficient enough (with a few modifications) for our camp. | another option: [gray-b-gon](_url_0_) edit: do not make an aerosol of gray water--that is a biohazard, as you are putting all the crud into the air along with the water. | 2 | [] | [
"http://eplaya.burningman.com/viewtopic.php?t=12911"
] | [
"http://www.instructables.com/id/Gray-B-Gon-wind-powered-evapotron-for-graywater-di/",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greywater"
] | [
-0.3600651025772095,
0.2829698324203491,
0.66460120677948,
0.4033280611038208,
1.0359809398651123,
-0.41871264576911926,
1.427681803703308,
0.322600781917572,
0.09418042749166489,
0.29100877046585083,
0.424864798784256,
0.0330561138689518,
-0.2773108184337616,
0.7985868453979492,
-0.36424267292022705,
0.6424285173416138,
-0.36135849356651306,
-0.07617095112800598,
-0.6573828458786011,
-0.04861929640173912,
0.8665658235549927,
1.1152944564819336,
-0.2911200523376465,
-0.3138691186904907,
-0.5173202753067017,
-0.194625124335289,
-0.6589939594268799,
0.5521079897880554,
-0.26331013441085815,
-0.24929600954055786,
0.8641163110733032,
-0.1386663168668747,
-0.5781072974205017,
-0.3092326819896698,
0.7811596393585205,
-0.7023934125900269,
-0.3820948302745819,
-0.01929078996181488,
-0.6613404154777527,
-0.27050718665122986,
-0.09977589547634125,
-0.04322785511612892,
0.014731425791978836,
0.3665621280670166,
0.4402642846107483,
0.2500779330730438,
-0.4639074504375458,
0.004496514797210693,
0.688278079032898,
0.15678897500038147,
-0.021590188145637512,
-0.7987751960754395,
-0.8732652068138123,
-0.3857753276824951,
-0.32024088501930237,
-0.4496304988861084,
-0.47102218866348267,
-0.523341178894043,
0.34539902210235596,
-0.3724929392337799,
-0.012672960758209229,
-0.19365918636322021,
-0.706206738948822,
0.4396006166934967,
0.36194658279418945,
-0.05819619819521904,
-0.9041159152984619,
-0.2099398672580719,
0.3777391314506531,
0.25569939613342285,
-0.23866701126098633,
0.41240838170051575,
-0.22349362075328827,
-0.29756486415863037,
0.10381365567445755,
-0.5393959879875183,
-0.17344868183135986,
0.3284251391887665,
-0.5729684829711914,
0.18807265162467957,
0.5448721647262573,
-0.037371426820755005,
-0.487224817276001,
0.22106264531612396,
-0.1044611781835556,
0.8314980864524841,
0.4974518418312073,
0.9365590214729309,
0.1358284056186676,
0.3752339482307434,
-0.8535172939300537,
-0.8962110280990601,
-0.06032520532608032,
0.04160803556442261,
0.44990289211273193,
0.1368168145418167,
0.003423362970352173,
-0.997467041015625,
-0.00589413195848465,
-0.1555582880973816,
-0.15795361995697021,
-0.13782936334609985,
-0.2413938045501709,
-0.4197079837322235,
0.23110413551330566,
0.19364231824874878,
0.9829961061477661,
0.6001647114753723,
0.8397278189659119,
-0.27744239568710327,
-0.4247763752937317,
-0.1455327570438385,
-0.029904283583164215,
0.14493268728256226,
-0.34461382031440735,
0.6572849750518799,
-0.010453034192323685,
-0.7517526149749756,
-1.5994822978973389,
-0.6435966491699219,
0.006225362420082092,
-0.27727657556533813,
-0.4078620970249176,
0.48087555170059204,
0.6862965822219849,
-0.03610459715127945,
0.498825341463089,
-0.0672467052936554,
0.010475441813468933,
0.097084641456604,
0.5369941592216492,
-0.29969358444213867,
0.25755271315574646,
-0.6566574573516846,
0.3908764719963074,
-0.00017429888248443604,
0.45584189891815186,
0.5503986477851868,
-1.0225331783294678,
0.2544475197792053,
-0.3325849771499634,
-0.6031086444854736,
-0.8147076368331909,
-0.9015491008758545,
-0.028587065637111664,
-0.3644188642501831,
-0.49768733978271484,
-0.3649451434612274,
-0.15377625823020935,
-0.6878332495689392,
-1.0768935680389404,
-1.098966121673584,
0.06789609789848328,
0.4714331328868866,
-0.7725037932395935,
0.033827245235443115,
1.104026436805725,
0.27030232548713684,
0.6217278838157654,
0.43318334221839905,
-0.5497542023658752,
0.22069981694221497,
0.2800307273864746,
-0.08900800347328186,
-0.17617544531822205,
0.1704542189836502,
-0.34282878041267395,
0.40586668252944946,
-0.647575855255127,
0.16514037549495697,
-0.19119946658611298,
0.6178213357925415,
0.028431348502635956,
-0.3299330472946167,
-0.607090175151825,
0.45559486746788025,
-0.2963644564151764,
-0.37112802267074585,
0.06470023095607758,
0.3251914381980896,
0.2583526372909546,
0.20352864265441895,
0.20780500769615173,
0.1382828950881958,
0.4554232358932495,
0.006306036375463009,
0.12489500641822815,
-0.5099174976348877,
0.26814818382263184,
-0.12962979078292847,
-0.8083570599555969,
0.09395556896924973,
0.5658639669418335,
0.8822832107543945,
-0.15760163962841034,
1.7938783168792725,
-0.6449971199035645,
-1.237829566001892,
-0.46605798602104187,
0.018111377954483032,
0.5591826438903809,
-0.604465901851654,
0.01371762901544571,
-1.0256378650665283,
0.32608604431152344,
-0.49787795543670654,
-0.017688244581222534,
0.5062434077262878,
0.11850918084383011,
-0.4856666326522827,
0.504087507724762,
-0.5174548029899597,
-0.6115495562553406,
-0.2889626622200012,
-0.06148752570152283,
0.5331693887710571,
-0.045724332332611084,
0.052146539092063904,
-0.22254067659378052,
0.1229243278503418,
0.834754228591919,
-0.19181326031684875,
0.5617734789848328,
-0.6502335667610168,
0.8646615147590637,
0.29173755645751953,
-0.5430431365966797,
0.4340631663799286,
-0.5258198380470276,
1.0785971879959106,
0.6846114993095398,
0.36315038800239563,
-0.7156871557235718,
0.19658344984054565,
-0.8524975776672363,
-0.5179064869880676,
-0.2724452316761017,
0.8375661969184875,
0.7215656638145447,
0.55042564868927,
-0.09453307837247849,
0.7166618704795837,
0.4281478524208069,
0.9964680671691895,
-0.5425681471824646,
-0.40385183691978455,
0.2079039365053177,
0.29757168889045715,
-0.35776087641716003,
0.5866696238517761,
0.2426510900259018,
0.34994080662727356,
-0.018000289797782898,
-0.10430283844470978,
-0.56290602684021,
0.6665076613426208,
-0.06732919812202454,
-0.5882616639137268,
-0.730228066444397,
0.9728143215179443,
0.09723017364740372,
-0.29940199851989746,
-0.5779918432235718,
-0.7118998765945435,
-0.027583807706832886,
-0.9193316698074341,
0.2527915835380554,
0.26087039709091187,
0.007418900728225708,
0.06556389480829239,
0.09376243501901627,
-0.3814602792263031,
-0.11897233128547668,
0.1213366761803627,
-0.12992915511131287,
-0.450170636177063,
-0.17492987215518951,
0.4548353850841522,
1.0318796634674072,
0.40559840202331543,
-0.06278055906295776,
-0.7397115230560303,
-1.0464832782745361,
-0.02049534022808075,
0.9665771126747131,
0.35277095437049866,
-0.0672915130853653,
-0.6587914228439331,
0.09413507580757141,
-0.06567120552062988,
0.09409107267856598,
1.2960927486419678,
0.03126140311360359,
0.09122729301452637,
0.026824019849300385,
-0.3813170790672302,
0.033797524869441986,
0.16896924376487732,
0.31542786955833435,
-0.6456456184387207,
0.09034767746925354,
-0.410734087228775,
-0.8827941417694092,
0.05601415038108826,
-0.3224392533302307,
0.6454660296440125,
-0.08909498900175095,
-0.01368778944015503,
0.5554774403572083,
-1.1380934715270996,
-0.6646155118942261,
-0.5443153381347656,
0.2732775807380676,
-0.20500358939170837,
0.3301267623901367,
0.23161599040031433,
0.2745572626590729,
0.8749086260795593,
-0.12347307801246643,
0.2309161126613617,
0.06222158670425415,
0.31888002157211304,
0.9666318893432617,
0.5035306215286255,
-0.21543416380882263,
-0.12174761295318604,
0.10139592736959457,
-0.06271589547395706,
0.342074990272522,
-0.7130371332168579,
-0.24001266062259674,
-0.32704174518585205,
0.6372907161712646,
-0.10346372425556183,
-0.08350886404514313,
-0.3693084716796875,
-0.6463294625282288,
-0.5715621113777161,
0.28892236948013306,
-0.6780878305435181,
-0.3332125246524811,
-0.16454516351222992,
-0.3631952404975891,
0.12644606828689575,
0.08026444911956787,
0.06482169032096863,
0.5569618940353394,
-0.14282408356666565,
-0.40618985891342163,
-0.22794173657894135,
-0.04761554300785065,
0.4639831781387329,
-0.08027246594429016,
0.5062717199325562,
-0.43814361095428467,
0.504332959651947,
-0.13730910420417786,
0.3062816560268402,
-0.2962624430656433,
-0.35793784260749817,
0.029932379722595215,
0.4893799126148224,
-0.05442015081644058,
0.4785638153553009,
0.2815036177635193,
1.3058350086212158,
-0.06985367834568024,
-0.04565580189228058,
0.22971129417419434,
0.02321561425924301,
0.6329036951065063,
0.17657512426376343,
0.6480395197868347,
0.8980846405029297,
-0.26358264684677124,
0.2186189442873001,
0.068352609872818,
0.1876935064792633,
0.16562287509441376,
0.09906840324401855,
-0.37772104144096375,
0.2427673637866974,
0.22925107181072235,
0.4761224091053009
] |
regarding superheavy elements, are there conditions under which they would be more stable? | we all know that the superheavy elements made with "atom smashers" are incredibly short lived. are there conditions (either practical or impractical to make) under which these elements would be longer lasting? | we can make them last longer from our frame of reference by accelerating them to very high relative velocities. this is the mechanism by which we are able to detect cosmic ray muons from the upper atmosphere. other than that, we don't know of any other ways to affect the decay of superheavy elements. these tend to decay by spontaneous fission. some lighter isotopes with decays involving electrons can be affected. for instance, an isotope which decays by electron capture (and doesn't have enough energy for the related beta^+ decay) can't decay if it has no electrons. other isotopes with decays that involve electrons (electron capture, internal conversion) can have their half lives affected by chemical changes to the orbital electrons. | 3 | [] | [] | [] | [
-2.4702882766723633,
1.7547680139541626,
1.5249347686767578,
1.2344368696212769,
-0.23883366584777832,
-1.4210013151168823,
-0.6733500957489014,
1.0590484142303467,
0.7565617561340332,
-0.8020234107971191,
1.5698702335357666,
-0.48922064900398254,
0.19917380809783936,
-1.4725425243377686,
0.9540263414382935,
-0.3813248872756958,
-2.2067530155181885,
0.5493210554122925,
-2.001131057739258,
1.1492056846618652,
-0.6823875904083252,
0.30407387018203735,
-0.8214766979217529,
0.25547948479652405,
0.39471936225891113,
0.09662497043609619,
-0.1458691954612732,
-0.7322913408279419,
-0.0719214379787445,
0.6698972582817078,
0.1736905872821808,
0.04379630088806152,
-0.12803399562835693,
-0.49123772978782654,
1.1523756980895996,
-0.47019222378730774,
0.2309577912092209,
-0.8959224224090576,
0.8148969411849976,
-0.6788928508758545,
-0.6434410810470581,
0.07380804419517517,
0.12566488981246948,
0.8675922155380249,
-1.7859374284744263,
0.45855191349983215,
1.8194811344146729,
-1.3760552406311035,
-1.2426369190216064,
-0.7548259496688843,
-1.0416430234909058,
0.7939862608909607,
-0.7967694997787476,
0.4159519672393799,
-1.3003497123718262,
-0.8104228973388672,
0.8231775164604187,
-0.574131429195404,
-0.1166735291481018,
-3.451219081878662,
-0.3845091462135315,
-0.12600398063659668,
-1.068475604057312,
-0.46560633182525635,
3.2467944622039795,
0.24756468832492828,
0.8182417154312134,
-0.6788216233253479,
1.1054257154464722,
1.494051218032837,
-0.5201581120491028,
-0.0030615925788879395,
-1.1881065368652344,
0.013195857405662537,
0.04803121089935303,
0.2901701331138611,
1.3401062488555908,
0.9020416736602783,
0.1024644747376442,
-0.4651479721069336,
-0.18170805275440216,
-2.156459331512451,
-1.3728927373886108,
-1.8089783191680908,
-1.1907072067260742,
2.366719961166382,
-0.7579553127288818,
0.5683560371398926,
0.3120082914829254,
0.1448192596435547,
-0.5034480690956116,
-1.2401783466339111,
1.179356336593628,
0.5100802779197693,
-0.8323341608047485,
2.500051736831665,
1.3183777332305908,
0.6574358940124512,
0.9838811159133911,
-0.43813443183898926,
0.8801975250244141,
1.3748555183410645,
-3.5927939414978027,
1.1649129390716553,
-1.3796474933624268,
-0.09531036019325256,
0.33033689856529236,
1.2061269283294678,
-0.1767730861902237,
0.023413188755512238,
0.6112717986106873,
-1.0702658891677856,
1.2618178129196167,
-1.3566603660583496,
1.1340551376342773,
-0.6882522106170654,
1.8983135223388672,
1.768100619316101,
-2.8278937339782715,
-1.284886360168457,
0.20081213116645813,
0.005969837307929993,
0.24101603031158447,
0.5363695025444031,
1.2427787780761719,
0.7709799408912659,
-0.6308677792549133,
1.0244836807250977,
1.935482382774353,
1.2048232555389404,
1.48694908618927,
-1.314840316772461,
-1.309747576713562,
-0.3454085886478424,
-1.106035828590393,
0.5536190867424011,
2.9688034057617188,
-0.2204609215259552,
-0.9531421065330505,
2.1975150108337402,
0.7595877647399902,
-1.0277659893035889,
-0.26106691360473633,
-0.12783148884773254,
-0.5960572361946106,
-0.18983125686645508,
1.7507637739181519,
0.2535134553909302,
-0.1344161480665207,
-1.2867767810821533,
-0.737261176109314,
-1.0317305326461792,
0.27954477071762085,
0.1054404154419899,
0.6896304488182068,
-0.6888160705566406,
-2.184893846511841,
0.27849316596984863,
-0.7277244329452515,
1.7890446186065674,
-1.160807490348816,
1.6691553592681885,
0.2323758453130722,
1.33258056640625,
0.10747958719730377,
1.2318313121795654,
0.7441368103027344,
-1.0773335695266724,
0.8505473136901855,
0.22441071271896362,
-1.047668218612671,
0.46695125102996826,
2.079592227935791,
-1.7269039154052734,
1.7551889419555664,
0.13029442727565765,
-1.4916459321975708,
0.10599890351295471,
-0.20018211007118225,
1.1048319339752197,
-1.0544618368148804,
0.31390902400016785,
3.5425844192504883,
1.713813304901123,
1.0602391958236694,
-1.1306984424591064,
0.7096678018569946,
0.1518675684928894,
-0.256874680519104,
-0.4053207337856293,
0.6471997499465942,
0.8596506118774414,
2.2035117149353027,
0.1565401405096054,
-0.6813052296638489,
-1.2674951553344727,
-3.3031797409057617,
0.30969366431236267,
-0.3147209584712982,
-0.3679118752479553,
0.29980188608169556,
-0.582188069820404,
0.739616870880127,
0.3997742235660553,
0.24898648262023926,
-0.5015603303909302,
1.3040416240692139,
-1.3117634057998657,
-1.3263072967529297,
-1.4059665203094482,
-1.4976569414138794,
-3.245988368988037,
-0.13310009241104126,
0.15378695726394653,
-1.077230453491211,
-0.2846669852733612,
0.23853559792041779,
-1.9820165634155273,
1.1962909698486328,
-1.4491701126098633,
0.7386760115623474,
-0.029302775859832764,
-0.8685134053230286,
-0.600533127784729,
-0.8386684656143188,
-1.2061188220977783,
-0.5779038667678833,
0.20435115694999695,
-0.023587897419929504,
0.5618855953216553,
-1.506875991821289,
1.446556568145752,
0.8701196312904358,
1.2382466793060303,
1.323380947113037,
-0.20644813776016235,
-2.682934522628784,
-0.670274555683136,
0.7979294657707214,
-1.149747371673584,
1.7404855489730835,
0.3491348922252655,
-0.03505851328372955,
-0.4914371371269226,
0.2018135040998459,
2.2050046920776367,
-0.6368428468704224,
-0.9704849720001221,
0.2226903736591339,
-0.3096354901790619,
-0.16511300206184387,
0.1366266906261444,
0.6642785668373108,
0.53188556432724,
0.4996427297592163,
0.25815197825431824,
0.8925561904907227,
-1.9969820976257324,
0.18253928422927856,
-0.39288365840911865,
-0.3255757987499237,
2.205850124359131,
-0.8251165151596069,
-2.981891632080078,
-1.454613208770752,
1.7969356775283813,
1.3002536296844482,
0.9050354957580566,
0.23916278779506683,
-0.041877612471580505,
0.25112685561180115,
0.38207608461380005,
0.09769532829523087,
0.4552399814128876,
2.7200803756713867,
-1.6174131631851196,
-0.19731417298316956,
-1.11989164352417,
0.265252023935318,
0.7454918026924133,
-0.08823244273662567,
-0.32806092500686646,
-0.39095479249954224,
-1.6567389965057373,
-0.40499913692474365,
-0.1464325189590454,
0.8832737803459167,
-1.3067419528961182,
-1.2614082098007202,
-0.49581244587898254,
-0.9656125903129578,
2.549407482147217,
0.6371109485626221,
0.013720452785491943,
1.8610084056854248,
-0.019048362970352173,
-0.7848713994026184,
-0.48979833722114563,
0.4447929859161377,
-1.636612057685852,
0.5504875183105469,
-1.378928542137146,
-1.423056721687317,
-1.1220723390579224,
-1.7079496383666992,
1.4775447845458984,
1.8206024169921875,
0.3365836441516876,
0.8560479283332825,
-2.0724220275878906,
-2.920874834060669,
-1.9759310483932495,
0.7829629182815552,
-1.1965250968933105,
-1.2242615222930908,
0.21052341163158417,
0.6219437122344971,
0.13188984990119934,
0.9148060083389282,
1.1286823749542236,
2.0472018718719482,
-0.5148277878761292,
0.3726506531238556,
-0.39150330424308777,
1.8504246473312378,
-0.23409734666347504,
-0.1074766218662262,
-1.3516736030578613,
0.8092401027679443,
0.2805636525154114,
0.10586275160312653,
1.1081411838531494,
1.914570689201355,
-0.3531596064567566,
1.579755425453186,
1.2429628372192383,
0.4189961552619934,
-1.707353949546814,
-1.6605587005615234,
0.10299227386713028,
-1.7104953527450562,
-0.35851842164993286,
1.409797191619873,
0.5378315448760986,
1.393761157989502,
1.3151187896728516,
0.17522943019866943,
-1.0781491994857788,
-2.072991371154785,
-0.4063825309276581,
-2.1282148361206055,
1.2553094625473022,
2.5220158100128174,
0.6917510032653809,
1.8526673316955566,
-2.1141319274902344,
0.6302019953727722,
0.4496963620185852,
0.0018968358635902405,
0.04024936258792877,
-1.6466902494430542,
0.50855553150177,
0.11155514419078827,
2.2474327087402344,
-1.4388911724090576,
0.42212921380996704,
-0.3552326560020447,
0.20675580203533173,
-0.0016080290079116821,
1.3128576278686523,
0.7300938963890076,
0.7875185608863831,
0.3118401765823364,
-2.3217711448669434,
-1.2624938488006592,
-0.3275495171546936,
-0.3156980574131012,
0.20263218879699707,
-1.251031756401062,
0.6088442802429199,
1.9161248207092285,
-0.5922418236732483,
1.5891616344451904,
0.10899251699447632
] |
in underdeveloped countries, child mortality is extremely high. is there an age at which a human is considered to be "out of the woods" as far as most diseases and hardships are concerned? | most statistics about child mortality are based on the first year after birth. it is not that after this the child is safe, but it is a standard measure that usually correlates well with the quality of healthcare/life conditions of a region. | 7 | [] | [] | [
"http://apps.who.int/gho/data/?vid=61530",
"http://imgur.com/xycuY"
] | [
-0.15400631725788116,
0.23193611204624176,
-0.2090291976928711,
-0.01592165231704712,
0.4343711733818054,
0.7452905178070068,
-0.8029905557632446,
0.6105567216873169,
-0.034724004566669464,
0.2926350235939026,
0.5031291842460632,
-0.32503294944763184,
0.10184299200773239,
-0.1296497881412506,
-0.4666258692741394,
-0.9028573036193848,
0.37459418177604675,
-0.6540098190307617,
-0.5146387815475464,
-0.4441409111022949,
0.002796769142150879,
0.5312357544898987,
0.2880619466304779,
0.012640334665775299,
0.21199876070022583,
-0.12436532974243164,
0.23345381021499634,
0.1254727989435196,
0.027312397956848145,
0.38402658700942993,
-0.5216096639633179,
0.3057815432548523,
0.18600806593894958,
-0.2155425250530243,
-0.4135901629924774,
-0.045020125806331635,
0.7012419104576111,
0.18655405938625336,
-1.1600273847579956,
0.3897685408592224,
0.21787089109420776,
-0.28270241618156433,
-0.32848307490348816,
0.24661970138549805,
0.14824095368385315,
0.21268334984779358,
-0.01872793212532997,
-0.1049516499042511,
-0.10356687754392624,
0.3690459430217743,
-0.11084918677806854,
0.035809971392154694,
0.5895282030105591,
0.6362534761428833,
-0.11483398079872131,
-0.05132904648780823,
0.3680869936943054,
-0.625872015953064,
-0.5240952968597412,
0.039417654275894165,
-0.42426568269729614,
-0.011277936398983002,
0.015925481915473938,
0.08869313448667526,
1.0652518272399902,
0.44610264897346497,
0.18818897008895874,
-0.8144525289535522,
0.08404691517353058,
0.19675081968307495,
0.02749142050743103,
-0.36860111355781555,
0.3860282897949219,
0.3223855495452881,
-0.5787060856819153,
0.12304314225912094,
-0.08538810908794403,
0.0267145037651062,
-0.062238335609436035,
-0.19947446882724762,
0.3131084442138672,
0.17923837900161743,
0.028741899877786636,
-0.004621760919690132,
-0.4679824709892273,
0.06937172263860703,
-0.21031790971755981,
-0.00024107098579406738,
-0.4239632487297058,
0.4025670289993286,
0.10670571029186249,
0.20104768872261047,
-0.017685666680336,
-0.31423863768577576,
0.3180985748767853,
0.7305132150650024,
-0.6285406947135925,
-0.3699415326118469,
0.7645047903060913,
0.06073872745037079,
-0.6950037479400635,
-0.5568761229515076,
-0.42718586325645447,
0.7535222768783569,
0.2391686588525772,
0.20415064692497253,
-0.7485173940658569,
-0.5625414848327637,
-0.10740646719932556,
0.40578752756118774,
-0.4482157528400421,
0.021692942827939987,
-0.207427516579628,
0.03146278113126755,
0.17007459700107574,
-0.20200391113758087,
0.3108333945274353,
-0.21401381492614746,
0.6769177317619324,
-0.08111295104026794,
-0.17370623350143433,
-0.3861955404281616,
0.3605554699897766,
-0.6605761051177979,
0.130583256483078,
0.27678507566452026,
0.06598258018493652,
0.3473960757255554,
0.11056571453809738,
-0.4282605051994324,
0.7751294374465942,
-0.1156155914068222,
-0.4896666705608368,
-0.24782784283161163,
-0.3327047824859619,
-0.21069011092185974,
0.815898060798645,
0.38357383012771606,
-0.12928339838981628,
-0.02979952096939087,
0.015985392034053802,
-0.23869380354881287,
-0.07700229436159134,
0.7916482090950012,
-0.5504888296127319,
0.32536035776138306,
0.041971802711486816,
0.5123926997184753,
0.21020573377609253,
-0.6647449731826782,
0.1818244308233261,
-0.2578369677066803,
0.2383011132478714,
-0.41678890585899353,
0.2737511396408081,
-0.11374858766794205,
-0.4063817262649536,
-0.11329738795757294,
0.3582207262516022,
0.05746021494269371,
-0.28095394372940063,
-0.6898850798606873,
-0.41192659735679626,
0.15011706948280334,
0.03426351770758629,
0.5478165149688721,
-0.015170272439718246,
-0.31718209385871887,
-0.2558290362358093,
-0.36551862955093384,
0.4118812084197998,
0.27371129393577576,
0.28779223561286926,
-0.2903904318809509,
0.17529945075511932,
-0.283143550157547,
-0.46480897068977356,
-0.10552427172660828,
-0.3071291446685791,
-0.04787791147828102,
0.19511911273002625,
-0.5291733741760254,
-0.5869508981704712,
0.16962632536888123,
0.07095186412334442,
-0.6142135262489319,
-0.19538070261478424,
0.057093508541584015,
0.3461114168167114,
-0.13464510440826416,
0.18539097905158997,
-0.46532443165779114,
0.36429083347320557,
0.04882226139307022,
-0.07510118931531906,
-0.4790109097957611,
0.16866253316402435,
-0.06893736124038696,
0.47737032175064087,
-0.07538369297981262,
-0.575127899646759,
0.5179011225700378,
-0.2172527313232422,
0.26154303550720215,
0.3608129024505615,
0.05793383717536926,
0.08506286889314651,
-0.027894020080566406,
-0.2935332953929901,
0.20558226108551025,
-0.130353182554245,
0.5590543150901794,
0.5539370775222778,
-0.2210683375597,
-0.09277217835187912,
0.790739893913269,
-0.579878568649292,
-0.49856001138687134,
0.2692720890045166,
0.5248548984527588,
0.05701448768377304,
0.5745412111282349,
0.5556039214134216,
-0.3654521405696869,
-0.30690228939056396,
0.35713106393814087,
-0.2614845633506775,
0.00025422871112823486,
-0.1257748305797577,
-0.20104223489761353,
-0.24068433046340942,
0.2973107099533081,
0.2647433876991272,
0.20562326908111572,
-0.34578508138656616,
-0.2636254131793976,
0.41909658908843994,
-0.38672465085983276,
-0.04236535727977753,
0.01915551722049713,
-0.1664484143257141,
-0.1995166838169098,
0.05929754674434662,
0.3481222987174988,
-0.15928754210472107,
-0.029828578233718872,
-0.6183053851127625,
0.12619806826114655,
-0.6638870239257812,
0.10149422287940979,
-1.2249118089675903,
-0.29112696647644043,
-0.2893831133842468,
-0.6124093532562256,
-0.3443003296852112,
-0.40396496653556824,
-0.06016901135444641,
0.28959161043167114,
-0.24554181098937988,
-0.1755841076374054,
0.29449334740638733,
-0.9189788103103638,
0.00785037875175476,
0.1468600630760193,
0.2653276324272156,
0.27468228340148926,
0.05156167596578598,
-0.47545430064201355,
-0.039090562611818314,
-0.40332555770874023,
0.603735089302063,
-0.19071704149246216,
0.2815643548965454,
0.2661397457122803,
-0.021078817546367645,
0.2848040461540222,
-0.4065687358379364,
1.0282288789749146,
-0.027822623029351234,
-0.3141244053840637,
0.08534646779298782,
-0.36255279183387756,
-0.8281047344207764,
0.388827383518219,
0.0819387286901474,
0.5256739854812622,
-0.25838398933410645,
0.7423267364501953,
0.03948353976011276,
0.14130431413650513,
0.49531546235084534,
-0.3128454089164734,
0.6233240962028503,
-0.07037534564733505,
0.3404337167739868,
0.17786213755607605,
-0.03203591704368591,
-0.6706559658050537,
-0.1967109739780426,
-0.20600004494190216,
0.06684552878141403,
0.15558069944381714,
-0.04767522215843201,
0.3953390419483185,
-0.5247014760971069,
-0.4070186913013458,
0.5499774813652039,
0.19936680793762207,
-0.3526307940483093,
-0.22612331807613373,
-0.1421380490064621,
-1.1729921102523804,
0.15539157390594482,
0.29862216114997864,
-0.8857592940330505,
0.29917454719543457,
-1.5024609565734863,
-0.44812092185020447,
-0.32323551177978516,
0.30012935400009155,
0.3795081079006195,
-0.3152163624763489,
0.13338340818881989,
0.402031809091568,
0.010280489921569824,
-0.3885338604450226,
0.5492179989814758,
-0.18575571477413177,
-0.004337012767791748,
0.07877983152866364,
-0.31924572587013245,
0.4035748243331909,
-0.06082688271999359,
-0.18138441443443298,
0.0062312353402376175,
-0.1699596792459488,
0.14196912944316864,
0.9630727767944336,
0.25950247049331665,
0.18109430372714996,
0.3930113911628723,
0.015992693603038788,
0.3430282473564148,
0.0502968467772007,
0.14476294815540314,
-0.12132838368415833,
0.07342526316642761,
0.4685010612010956,
-0.3349909782409668,
0.0815710723400116,
0.40154844522476196,
0.33721473813056946,
0.4354587197303772,
0.09200350940227509,
0.5013664960861206,
-0.5456928610801697,
0.38852524757385254,
0.5955969095230103,
-0.23004493117332458,
0.26428213715553284,
0.2999352812767029,
0.18197977542877197,
-0.029560089111328125,
0.3039356470108032,
0.27641069889068604,
-0.10666841268539429,
-0.19329509139060974,
0.3741602301597595,
0.2086111307144165,
-0.44521066546440125,
0.21171332895755768,
0.16682204604148865,
0.21498897671699524,
0.12674665451049805,
-0.5151616334915161,
-0.041618213057518005,
0.08787140250205994,
-0.266831636428833,
0.35101622343063354,
0.42184698581695557,
0.08721460402011871,
-0.14179405570030212,
0.6890602111816406,
0.257221519947052
] |
|
what are you seeing when you look very closely at small reflective points? | i'm really intrigued as to what i am seeing when i look up really close at the little spots of bright reflection (usually on the edges) of surfaces. when you look very closely at these things, they become like "bokeh", little circles and you can "see" odd shapes and patterns. i can't figure out what i'm seeing. does anyone know? | it could be a lot of things. show me a picture and ill tell you what it is. rainbow looking patterns are the result of chromatic aberrations. the surface is reflecting an image of some light source in the room. if this surface isn't a perfect paraboloid you get a distorted version of the light source. an easy way to simulate these effects is to find some reflective surface that is flimsy. you can bend it and distort it and weird things will happen to small light sources. | 2 | [] | [] | [] | [
-1.3387548923492432,
0.7737308144569397,
1.6984976530075073,
0.6231523156166077,
0.6533458232879639,
-0.44845348596572876,
1.0116369724273682,
-0.6629000902175903,
0.39159756898880005,
-0.08656373620033264,
-0.008118144236505032,
0.08187291026115417,
0.2086503505706787,
-0.1689259260892868,
0.6700373888015747,
0.8090289235115051,
0.34360069036483765,
1.004024863243103,
-1.3380005359649658,
0.14652755856513977,
1.2566053867340088,
-0.8911373615264893,
-0.741413950920105,
-1.2372121810913086,
-0.3225961923599243,
0.12827759981155396,
-0.20694801211357117,
-0.6644219756126404,
0.4776608645915985,
-1.1428719758987427,
-0.2943992018699646,
1.2701060771942139,
-0.3055979013442993,
0.3934464752674103,
-0.35549819469451904,
-0.6094504594802856,
-0.3825392723083496,
0.44632017612457275,
-0.14802025258541107,
-0.027003765106201172,
-0.7626528739929199,
0.7329673171043396,
0.21752551198005676,
-0.1770271360874176,
0.3667518198490143,
0.7342318296432495,
1.0257117748260498,
-0.04244475066661835,
0.47405916452407837,
-0.2848024368286133,
-0.3434530198574066,
-0.35403549671173096,
-0.5464388728141785,
-1.4092316627502441,
0.09430272877216339,
0.20504045486450195,
0.3903297185897827,
-0.3270159065723419,
0.47132498025894165,
-0.5120781660079956,
0.31875377893447876,
0.6491101980209351,
-0.20982304215431213,
0.2189343273639679,
0.883750319480896,
-0.17876121401786804,
-0.4323117136955261,
-0.871786892414093,
-0.1256609559059143,
-0.31060075759887695,
-0.32102036476135254,
0.35802459716796875,
-0.6226696968078613,
-0.2785763740539551,
0.19146010279655457,
-1.03615140914917,
-0.18797597289085388,
-0.34876248240470886,
-0.5352869033813477,
0.7375105023384094,
0.41634875535964966,
-0.6551270484924316,
-0.7343695163726807,
-0.18077845871448517,
0.7420883774757385,
1.4056751728057861,
0.6745891571044922,
-0.20582371950149536,
-0.9433109760284424,
0.2165042608976364,
-1.2025136947631836,
-0.492950439453125,
-0.6116647124290466,
-0.11989709734916687,
0.6692591309547424,
-0.2875428795814514,
0.5964918732643127,
-1.8829573392868042,
1.5933442115783691,
0.7604841589927673,
-0.30209115147590637,
-1.217210054397583,
-0.4676015377044678,
1.5263419151306152,
0.5514222979545593,
-0.6945621967315674,
0.7254029512405396,
1.0346375703811646,
-0.3760589361190796,
0.6621972322463989,
0.7238913774490356,
-0.2399994134902954,
-0.10862655937671661,
-0.07597672939300537,
-0.3644312620162964,
-1.39706289768219,
0.46502599120140076,
-0.28004977107048035,
-0.941394567489624,
0.38710689544677734,
0.667746901512146,
0.31790217757225037,
-0.6092900037765503,
0.41438278555870056,
0.9392651319503784,
0.18703018128871918,
0.38228297233581543,
0.9496712684631348,
0.45724087953567505,
0.45444798469543457,
0.20429839193820953,
-0.506945013999939,
1.6452440023422241,
0.4578112065792084,
-0.29782772064208984,
0.1225942075252533,
0.5402671098709106,
0.7482677698135376,
1.1129518747329712,
1.2609648704528809,
-0.9127916097640991,
0.5997525453567505,
-0.36222997307777405,
-0.42563655972480774,
0.666467547416687,
0.69306480884552,
-1.4658546447753906,
0.29991066455841064,
-1.0982080698013306,
-0.9604876041412354,
-0.24948281049728394,
-0.9571864008903503,
-0.6275697946548462,
0.3787323236465454,
0.17593643069267273,
0.7255628705024719,
0.007387310266494751,
0.7784220576286316,
0.3769267797470093,
0.4037490487098694,
0.6552959680557251,
0.5112038850784302,
-0.5422084331512451,
0.06951320171356201,
0.0073526278138160706,
0.1146545559167862,
-0.5916765928268433,
-0.3661954700946808,
-0.5764575004577637,
0.0979098305106163,
0.5551663041114807,
0.12931615114212036,
0.9323345422744751,
-0.4981241226196289,
0.22090581059455872,
0.28105637431144714,
-2.1660990715026855,
0.8681638836860657,
-0.3334357440471649,
0.5314323902130127,
-0.6055960655212402,
-0.07953855395317078,
0.013063453137874603,
0.617950439453125,
0.20443052053451538,
-0.3984905183315277,
1.284822702407837,
-0.05196031928062439,
-0.8386549949645996,
0.2806560695171356,
-1.3205465078353882,
-1.13262939453125,
0.5762410759925842,
-0.5498564839363098,
-0.16207657754421234,
0.8506988286972046,
-1.1139111518859863,
-1.6009122133255005,
-0.8287093043327332,
0.274808794260025,
-0.763596773147583,
0.378567636013031,
0.23830512166023254,
-0.37644505500793457,
-0.5252696871757507,
0.5274271965026855,
0.47185325622558594,
0.27636462450027466,
-0.7427588105201721,
0.9989511966705322,
0.09597913920879364,
-2.3079833984375,
-2.104213237762451,
0.30436214804649353,
0.5151466131210327,
0.7723796963691711,
-1.3796608448028564,
-1.5613731145858765,
-0.26752400398254395,
1.041406273841858,
1.199571967124939,
-1.2702953815460205,
-0.572350263595581,
-0.9658267498016357,
-0.447933167219162,
-0.0009811222553253174,
-0.6715202331542969,
0.9326667785644531,
-0.2375471591949463,
0.857657790184021,
1.0437828302383423,
1.1325654983520508,
0.18128111958503723,
1.2097816467285156,
0.22321219742298126,
-0.17427654564380646,
-1.568930983543396,
-0.03577190637588501,
-0.7942628264427185,
-0.23159390687942505,
0.8873692154884338,
1.2174429893493652,
-0.5571267008781433,
0.5189731121063232,
-0.7381299138069153,
0.6813094019889832,
0.7558872103691101,
-0.33634018898010254,
-0.2044476866722107,
1.2088106870651245,
0.10990292578935623,
-0.8869673013687134,
-0.8661945462226868,
1.1799917221069336,
-1.0271227359771729,
0.7700187563896179,
0.10912244021892548,
-0.4564518928527832,
0.27190956473350525,
0.19396433234214783,
-0.006449282169342041,
-0.9402896165847778,
-1.0680248737335205,
-0.5631835460662842,
-0.39335402846336365,
0.8532263040542603,
0.7708386182785034,
0.43757978081703186,
-0.4937097430229187,
-0.4579744338989258,
-0.0663025826215744,
-0.47991931438446045,
0.5244196057319641,
-0.2682257890701294,
0.616080641746521,
-0.14909374713897705,
0.768166720867157,
-0.33815646171569824,
-1.0013853311538696,
-0.17131459712982178,
-0.46109309792518616,
-1.4384125471115112,
0.18327639997005463,
1.8269882202148438,
-0.17247983813285828,
0.058524057269096375,
-0.6219987869262695,
-1.4161696434020996,
1.8710217475891113,
-0.7340062260627747,
-0.2911248207092285,
0.7689499855041504,
1.733267068862915,
-0.08886636048555374,
1.3440210819244385,
0.03815586864948273,
0.05193907767534256,
-0.1261841207742691,
0.4029943346977234,
-0.4910130202770233,
0.19936394691467285,
0.481964111328125,
-1.161602258682251,
0.27318552136421204,
0.5593717098236084,
-0.2800121307373047,
0.3663386106491089,
0.24504142999649048,
0.5420254468917847,
-1.741398572921753,
-0.8512935638427734,
-0.6534958481788635,
0.577804684638977,
0.8599275946617126,
-1.6769757270812988,
1.557029366493225,
0.33731013536453247,
0.859555184841156,
1.2989801168441772,
0.3039286732673645,
-0.25859662890434265,
-0.7288863658905029,
0.7302764058113098,
-1.0039899349212646,
-0.8415243625640869,
-0.12198755145072937,
-0.059054404497146606,
-0.32391464710235596,
-1.344539761543274,
-0.9196774363517761,
-1.396122694015503,
0.13823339343070984,
0.07869881391525269,
0.5815865397453308,
1.6869025230407715,
0.930531919002533,
-0.6475492119789124,
-0.9394148588180542,
-0.2567068636417389,
0.3671870827674866,
-1.0844370126724243,
-0.1369231790304184,
0.27627986669540405,
-0.022884970530867577,
-0.33578211069107056,
0.7484995722770691,
-0.7612330913543701,
-0.3772386312484741,
-0.8182740211486816,
0.1957704871892929,
0.2570188343524933,
0.7649620771408081,
0.006858080625534058,
0.8440834283828735,
-0.6064063906669617,
-0.18244631588459015,
-0.806117057800293,
-0.31201058626174927,
-0.29099082946777344,
1.3502521514892578,
-0.4212476909160614,
-0.9043939113616943,
-0.3546253442764282,
1.269783854484558,
0.08170080184936523,
0.4249507784843445,
1.080357313156128,
-1.2397899627685547,
-1.496703863143921,
1.7788982391357422,
1.1578633785247803,
0.6389733552932739,
-0.015140008181333542,
0.4214669466018677,
-0.29385650157928467,
-0.9502585530281067,
1.0485137701034546,
0.7272045016288757,
-0.8576160669326782,
0.3053814768791199,
-0.06285486370325089,
2.2364490032196045,
0.1420578509569168,
0.06763871759176254
] |
where do lice live prior to finding human hosts? | i assume they are on other hairy mammals, but i have never heard of dogs or cats getting lice, as it would be very common in households with school children. seems that lice prefer humans, at least. | lice infect all orders of birds, and most orders of mammals. human head lice are specific to humans, are a different subspecies than body lice, and a different species than pubic lice! they're an obligate ectoparasite, so won't survive if they're just wandering around in a house. [*pediculus humanus*](_url_2_) is the species in question, split into the subspecies *p. h. capitis*, the head louse, and *p. h. humanus*, the body louse. [*pthirus pubis*](_url_4_) is the pubic louse, a completely different family! you can gain loads of information by looking at lice, and their evolution. we can pinpoint the time where humans became less hairy than their ancestors by looking when head lice and body lice diverged genetically, and that also gives us information on when humans started wearing clothing. we can also look at the genomes of lice to study human population movements. for example, *p. humanus* evolved from a gorilla louse, so we can infer that we were living in close proximity to gorillas at the time of divergence. [here](_url_1_) is an article about it. [here](_url_0_) is an article talking about human population movements, and how we can get useful information from lice. i realise that i've gone a bit off topic - the different lice species/subspecies are adapted to suit different diameters of hair (compare hair on different places on your body, and you'll find it has a different texture and thickness), so i imagine this may limit host selection. different *pediculus* species are found on different species of monkeys and apes, so it's unlikely that they'd survive very well on domestic pets. dogs can get lice e.g. [*trichodectes canis*](_url_5_) (the canine chewing louse) and [*linognathus setosus*](_url_3_) (the canine sucking louse), and domestic cats are affected by one species of louse, *felicola subrostratus*. other species of felid are affected by different species within the *felicola* genus. [cospeciation](_url_6_) between lice and their hosts is a fascinating topic! i can't find much information on what exactly makes lice specific to their hosts, but i guess it's a combination of host characteristics (e.g. hair diameter), environmental characteristics (does the host adapt to live in a hot place?), and overall allopatric speciation. hope this helps! eta: emphasised the fact that pubic lice were from a different family than body and head lice | 5 | [] | [] | [
"https://www.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/science_nation/lice.jsp",
"https://www.livescience.com/41028-lice-reveal-clues-to-human-evolution.html",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pediculus_humanus",
"https://www.esccap.org/parasites/Ectoparasites+Insects/2/#c3",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crab_louse",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichodectes_canis",
"http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cospeciation_of_Lice_and_Their_Hosts?acc_id=456",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louse"
] | [
-2.42492938041687,
0.32938259840011597,
0.21922841668128967,
0.5835827589035034,
-0.45132240653038025,
-1.8737339973449707,
3.3266103267669678,
-4.727394104003906,
2.029892683029175,
-0.30057621002197266,
4.429368495941162,
-3.372593641281128,
-0.06283099949359894,
0.6464821100234985,
-1.3861708641052246,
-1.107527256011963,
-6.655930042266846,
-2.845651149749756,
-1.2147990465164185,
1.496522307395935,
4.671029567718506,
5.160500526428223,
1.6524219512939453,
0.40751272439956665,
-9.161446571350098,
-4.61827278137207,
-5.1404805183410645,
-0.9086446166038513,
-0.6797659993171692,
-5.137334823608398,
4.750215530395508,
6.064344882965088,
-3.0429182052612305,
0.6229196786880493,
-2.993288516998291,
-1.3040199279785156,
2.0549721717834473,
-3.535722494125366,
2.917790651321411,
2.0407655239105225,
3.649887800216675,
-2.5060577392578125,
1.1220732927322388,
1.257902979850769,
-3.220280408859253,
5.346528053283691,
-0.6800804138183594,
-1.2335844039916992,
-3.009103536605835,
0.8793267011642456,
-0.8322505950927734,
-1.7720584869384766,
-4.954532146453857,
3.550102472305298,
4.503107070922852,
-0.4805494546890259,
-2.1282458305358887,
-4.058773994445801,
-0.7830072641372681,
0.3024553060531616,
-1.1519958972930908,
6.627061367034912,
-2.5214056968688965,
6.511931896209717,
1.152266502380371,
-1.0675338506698608,
-3.3860788345336914,
-1.0558089017868042,
1.6179254055023193,
-1.6273913383483887,
-0.28337985277175903,
0.9138934016227722,
-5.067622661590576,
4.526191234588623,
-1.7728664875030518,
3.8033406734466553,
-1.062827467918396,
1.7892887592315674,
-0.3450688123703003,
-3.70613694190979,
-2.7728281021118164,
1.3938283920288086,
3.4585137367248535,
3.0721185207366943,
-0.1267903745174408,
-1.508556604385376,
-2.1742377281188965,
-1.0051188468933105,
-5.454246997833252,
0.7531935572624207,
1.0089070796966553,
-0.6393435001373291,
2.7797417640686035,
0.9590743780136108,
2.064819574356079,
4.430962085723877,
1.5713409185409546,
-5.126757621765137,
-2.5947117805480957,
-1.3031972646713257,
-6.575789451599121,
3.8104138374328613,
2.630396842956543,
2.551496982574463,
-3.0097804069519043,
-3.0962722301483154,
-1.341153621673584,
1.4126824140548706,
4.060574531555176,
2.803541421890259,
-2.716740369796753,
-2.88022518157959,
0.8727620840072632,
-0.6157281994819641,
-3.1135799884796143,
-2.891383647918701,
0.8044557571411133,
-4.548538684844971,
2.672330379486084,
-2.891991376876831,
-1.1459124088287354,
-1.6710401773452759,
1.6540237665176392,
2.147737741470337,
5.851437568664551,
3.1174399852752686,
-3.4298739433288574,
3.3245861530303955,
3.5625030994415283,
-0.2777336835861206,
5.259095668792725,
-0.3498420715332031,
-1.0135329961776733,
-0.08361591398715973,
-1.7287517786026,
-1.9141308069229126,
-0.6909201741218567,
-0.6718441843986511,
-2.3027384281158447,
1.959190845489502,
-1.3952765464782715,
0.9518991708755493,
-0.6818684935569763,
4.5652289390563965,
3.583263874053955,
6.793568134307861,
1.2287863492965698,
-6.046789169311523,
-5.384376525878906,
2.5768113136291504,
-1.126878023147583,
-6.153265476226807,
4.3981451988220215,
3.145319938659668,
-3.5342767238616943,
-4.1868133544921875,
-0.30327725410461426,
1.5359288454055786,
5.365066051483154,
1.3973866701126099,
-2.855780839920044,
4.68725061416626,
-0.2661353349685669,
6.684887886047363,
2.6669981479644775,
-2.1915106773376465,
-6.550912380218506,
2.19503116607666,
4.1164727210998535,
-0.5267840623855591,
5.332741737365723,
0.5577633380889893,
0.7779214382171631,
-2.6310031414031982,
0.5740840435028076,
-4.217307090759277,
-1.416806936264038,
3.4324896335601807,
1.4273977279663086,
4.0044097900390625,
-0.9726586937904358,
-0.5693166255950928,
3.4882071018218994,
1.4701039791107178,
-5.7233781814575195,
-1.7215231657028198,
-1.0612096786499023,
-0.36890754103660583,
3.645308017730713,
0.4156128764152527,
-0.9554449319839478,
-1.5459606647491455,
7.062568664550781,
-1.2452412843704224,
-4.3582987785339355,
-0.09799827635288239,
1.4343750476837158,
7.366840362548828,
3.180750846862793,
-1.3242378234863281,
-2.3061864376068115,
-5.945765495300293,
0.8519660830497742,
-1.207423210144043,
1.2716923952102661,
-0.5794796347618103,
1.0737628936767578,
0.9899744987487793,
1.3582890033721924,
2.695460319519043,
-0.916496753692627,
-1.3335459232330322,
-3.5876619815826416,
-4.130253791809082,
1.2594707012176514,
5.980125904083252,
0.9619484543800354,
-1.3549282550811768,
2.748741626739502,
2.3987185955047607,
-3.1060564517974854,
-6.60449743270874,
-2.8711764812469482,
-4.5567402839660645,
-1.7599048614501953,
-2.509606122970581,
-3.6797897815704346,
3.4570605754852295,
-0.03527754545211792,
2.6668121814727783,
-0.35984084010124207,
1.98000967502594,
0.385253369808197,
1.819695234298706,
0.8541933298110962,
-1.7232434749603271,
8.881767272949219,
-4.343217849731445,
4.514148712158203,
1.7692245244979858,
-2.4280905723571777,
-1.8113571405410767,
0.3923015296459198,
2.4672653675079346,
-7.836885452270508,
3.4323740005493164,
-1.9976563453674316,
1.3859375715255737,
-4.613997459411621,
2.0666286945343018,
-0.4112612009048462,
-1.1989052295684814,
-3.2694644927978516,
1.1631159782409668,
1.0818716287612915,
-3.1204349994659424,
-2.2552852630615234,
-0.2754453718662262,
0.6783083081245422,
-0.9606141448020935,
-3.806091547012329,
3.1081271171569824,
-1.3215125799179077,
-0.8367857336997986,
-0.3574489951133728,
-1.6540424823760986,
1.8355783224105835,
3.728602409362793,
2.5689337253570557,
-0.9375061392784119,
-2.5572938919067383,
-0.9539569616317749,
3.8752622604370117,
3.501802921295166,
3.2438714504241943,
2.198476552963257,
-2.7781341075897217,
-8.267091751098633,
2.530863046646118,
-2.128225326538086,
-2.848228931427002,
-2.3542912006378174,
-2.647132158279419,
0.709008514881134,
-1.375093698501587,
2.3180556297302246,
0.5214384198188782,
-2.3663439750671387,
-2.986868381500244,
0.3846375644207001,
-4.198497295379639,
4.315356254577637,
0.0025696158409118652,
-1.1746543645858765,
5.751307964324951,
-1.9544227123260498,
-2.716036558151245,
-2.7310006618499756,
-1.6350606679916382,
0.5876539349555969,
1.8273237943649292,
-0.9454982280731201,
-0.3048217296600342,
2.0545496940612793,
-1.2780680656433105,
2.0995473861694336,
2.4634852409362793,
1.0393998622894287,
2.553466796875,
-4.555384159088135,
-2.1500754356384277,
-0.3051585853099823,
2.635124683380127,
1.6815626621246338,
-1.4982001781463623,
-1.1856248378753662,
-5.0682244300842285,
1.237964153289795,
2.224304437637329,
2.571002721786499,
0.5137982368469238,
0.8545584678649902,
-3.1565308570861816,
6.660259246826172,
-2.1403841972351074,
2.752328872680664,
0.5553562641143799,
2.018157958984375,
-3.7004027366638184,
7.151916980743408,
-0.7743462920188904,
4.408994197845459,
1.4513601064682007,
1.1126452684402466,
5.177350044250488,
0.4135405719280243,
-0.9451894760131836,
0.5780960321426392,
-4.075506210327148,
-1.8118441104888916,
-3.852290391921997,
2.166114091873169,
2.7844674587249756,
-0.8632316589355469,
-1.1456365585327148,
-4.786607265472412,
-0.9875781536102295,
-2.5725584030151367,
-2.9847617149353027,
0.7852398753166199,
1.8610332012176514,
4.572938919067383,
-4.596396446228027,
-0.5705540180206299,
4.223952770233154,
-0.6644672751426697,
-2.4146616458892822,
-0.47339069843292236,
3.4543581008911133,
-1.247057557106018,
4.645784378051758,
-1.2532312870025635,
-0.17640680074691772,
4.578056812286377,
-2.9303460121154785,
0.4412060081958771,
2.7560746669769287,
-1.6736351251602173,
1.1684215068817139,
0.31947290897369385,
2.6649298667907715,
0.4799550175666809,
1.6966147422790527,
-1.3357043266296387,
-4.4126410484313965,
1.8854464292526245,
1.4146814346313477,
-2.0517001152038574,
-0.5169722437858582,
1.6064679622650146,
1.0871875286102295,
0.9426132440567017,
7.417472839355469,
2.9221200942993164
] |
does high fat diets disrupt circadian rhythm? (xpost from r/keto) | i came across this [article](_url_0_) from 2008. i'd like to know if this experiment has been refuted. i've been on a keto diet since last august. my sleep has't been affected. *edit link | thought i would take this opportunity to show people how to trace a topic forward in time in the scientific literature. a lot of the stuff i answer on askscience i just research myself in google scholar. google scholar is my single favorite resource on the whole web. google scholar is like google except it's limited to papers in peer-reviewed journals. one of the great things about it is it lets you see if a paper has been cited *since it was published*. okay, so our task here is to find that science daily paper the op cited, and see if it's been cited since, and if so, what the newer studies have shown. 1. step 1, we need to figure out enough info to find the original paper. mostly you need author names and a keyword or two. let's check out that science daily article above... looks like the paper was by froy, barnea, madar. 2. find the paper in [google scholar](_url_3_). to do this, enter the author's last names and maybe 1 likely keyword. i'll try "froy barnea madar circadian". [here's what i got.](_url_0_) bing, the 2nd hit is the one the article was about, and the 1st hit is the paper that the article mentioned would be coming out soon. 3. click the "cited by" link for the paper you're most interested in. i'll try clicking the "cited by 29" for the 1st hit. this means that 29 new papers have cited this paper since it came out. let's see what those 29 are about...[here's what i got](_url_3_scholar?cites=8429777251790868565 & as_sdt=40000005 & sciodt=0,22 & hl=en). some interesting stuff here. 4. notice some of the 29 papers have html and pdf links over on the right. *those are papers for which you can get the full text free!* 5. ok, so, did any of those 29 new papers talk about high fat diets in particular? i want to search within these 29 for "high fat diet", basically. so way up at the top i click the box for "search within articles citing barnea...", and i'll enter "diet" in the search box, just to keep it general. [here's what i got](_url_1_). 6. scanning these quickly, one catches my eye, the one at the bottom by o'froy. hey, the pdf is available! [here](_url_2_) (**pdf warning**) ooo, it's a review from 2010, just what we want. read read read. hm: "disruption of circadian rhythms in the scn and peripheral tissues leads to metabolic disorders [108-110]. evidence suggests that loss of circadian rhythmicity of glucose metabolism may contribute to the development of metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, in rodents [111-113] and humans [114, 115]. for example, daily cycles of insulin secretion and glucose tolerance are lost in patients with type 2 diabetes [115, 116]," later in the paper i see: "effect of high-fat diet on circadian rhythms few studies show that a high-fat diet leads to minimal effects on circadian gene expression in visceral adipose tissue and liver [128, 129]. however, recent studies show that high-fat diet leads to rapid changes in both the period of locomotor activity in constant darkness and to increased food intake during the normal rest period under light-dark conditions [130]. these changes in behavioral rhythmicity correlate with disrupted clock gene expression within hypothalamus, liver, and adipose tissue, leading to altered cycling of hormones and nuclear hormone receptors involved in fuel utilization, in mice, rats, and humans [130-135]. furthermore, a high-fat diet modulates carbohydrate metabolism by amplifying circadian variation in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity [120]." so.... it hasn't been thoroughly studied yet, but yes, it looks like dietary fat content does affect circadian rhythm, and circadian rhythm can indeed affect health in a variety of ways. (i did not read these papers carefully though. over to you guys to read through them) you could also search on this topic without going via the science daily article - [here's what i got](_url_3_scholar?hl=en & sciodt=0%2c22 & q=circadian+diet & btng=search & cites=8429777251790868565 & as_sdt=40000005 & as_ylo= & as_vis=0) for a general google scholar search on "circadian" and "diet" - but sometimes tracking the cites of a key important article that was in the news is a really effective way of following just the narrow topic you're most interested in. i also frequently restrict my google scholar searches by year (usually to 2000 and later). you can do this by clicking on advanced scholar search. | 6 | [] | [
"http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/12/081228191054.htm"
] | [
"http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=froy+barnea+madar+circadian&hl=en&btnG=Search&as_sdt=1%2C22&as_sdtp=on",
"http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&sciodt=0%2C22&q=diet&btnG=Search&cites=8429777251790868565&scipsc=1&as_sdt=40000005&as_ylo=&as_vis=0",
"http://www.benthamscience.com/open/toneuroej/articles/V003/SI0001TONEUROEJ/28TONEUROEJ.pdf",
"http://scholar.google.com/",
"http://scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=8429777251790868565&as_sdt=40000005&sciodt=0,22&hl=en",
"http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&sciodt=0%2C22&q=circadian+diet&btnG=Search&cites=8429777251790868565&as_sdt=40000005&as_ylo=&as_vis=0"
] | [
-4.46957540512085,
1.4987566471099854,
1.9132977724075317,
7.055306911468506,
6.7752366065979,
0.6733953356742859,
-5.380858898162842,
1.6937267780303955,
3.032297134399414,
-3.9115793704986572,
3.1891238689422607,
0.4988979697227478,
-9.262591361999512,
-2.4868948459625244,
-0.8351970911026001,
-8.145978927612305,
1.7357728481292725,
-2.0201644897460938,
-3.618518352508545,
2.349188804626465,
1.5752545595169067,
5.333290100097656,
5.435682773590088,
-0.7947781682014465,
-2.581050395965576,
-2.5363354682922363,
-4.619480609893799,
-1.4581575393676758,
-3.0576319694519043,
0.902556300163269,
0.8401160836219788,
5.9757981300354,
-0.027044177055358887,
-5.021222114562988,
-0.4589264988899231,
0.08882513642311096,
1.9027338027954102,
0.8340805768966675,
-0.6546074748039246,
3.190582275390625,
3.807068347930908,
-7.02692174911499,
-1.8922836780548096,
8.506074905395508,
1.3945417404174805,
4.013732433319092,
-5.05918025970459,
-1.6845977306365967,
-0.8261899948120117,
7.154469966888428,
-9.642909049987793,
-5.135713577270508,
-3.2755417823791504,
-1.0618603229522705,
2.2925891876220703,
2.5664210319519043,
-1.4145029783248901,
-0.1020558774471283,
-1.2287540435791016,
-1.0327214002609253,
0.25777530670166016,
1.663216233253479,
-7.368006706237793,
5.281477928161621,
10.124151229858398,
0.5997555255889893,
-3.840031147003174,
0.21338924765586853,
-0.7695952653884888,
0.1420651078224182,
-0.9251276850700378,
-0.1961297243833542,
0.38242244720458984,
1.2742739915847778,
-1.0988304615020752,
-4.88251256942749,
-4.084042549133301,
-1.0355455875396729,
-2.981276035308838,
-8.214500427246094,
4.410773754119873,
-2.557650089263916,
0.44439035654067993,
-0.372109591960907,
0.7497549653053284,
1.8625800609588623,
3.859208106994629,
0.6708630323410034,
-2.3751327991485596,
3.8948047161102295,
-1.3475233316421509,
-1.3912897109985352,
2.733152389526367,
-0.9103698134422302,
-1.5412685871124268,
6.821348667144775,
-3.8686819076538086,
-5.289017677307129,
2.8463213443756104,
-0.5828821659088135,
-5.667952537536621,
4.877350807189941,
1.7619836330413818,
0.5264482498168945,
-2.408144235610962,
-10.487478256225586,
-2.123850107192993,
4.946742534637451,
3.863520860671997,
3.8644378185272217,
-0.07217073440551758,
-2.767012596130371,
3.45974063873291,
-0.2327786386013031,
4.706140995025635,
-3.697603940963745,
3.615919351577759,
-2.0631630420684814,
1.4569505453109741,
3.328178644180298,
-1.5124362707138062,
-3.7855987548828125,
-0.5167049765586853,
0.08316513895988464,
-2.9053845405578613,
1.7843663692474365,
-2.6974220275878906,
10.628934860229492,
3.4350855350494385,
-5.023642063140869,
5.134992599487305,
-3.9340639114379883,
2.8207244873046875,
-1.354195475578308,
-8.313922882080078,
-5.142009735107422,
8.113714218139648,
-6.475847244262695,
1.234358310699463,
2.8662562370300293,
0.1610187590122223,
4.173564434051514,
-2.5757899284362793,
-0.9569254517555237,
0.9721630811691284,
11.61569595336914,
5.803641319274902,
-4.010474681854248,
-0.37413620948791504,
-5.561892032623291,
-0.8919271230697632,
-5.879690647125244,
1.784885287284851,
6.0862321853637695,
-3.5535778999328613,
-2.8086318969726562,
2.1477479934692383,
2.1092395782470703,
2.5887389183044434,
-1.2602760791778564,
-8.415731430053711,
-0.2717340588569641,
4.498960018157959,
2.7731881141662598,
7.448136806488037,
-1.2726402282714844,
2.062596321105957,
-1.1574268341064453,
1.7932370901107788,
2.644965171813965,
10.145254135131836,
-3.1147100925445557,
-4.0423264503479,
3.327543258666992,
-0.4025816023349762,
1.7188007831573486,
1.424952507019043,
1.7843551635742188,
-3.599386692047119,
3.071338176727295,
2.636178970336914,
-7.557359218597412,
4.871119022369385,
5.034768581390381,
-5.739579200744629,
0.13440579175949097,
-5.459404468536377,
2.7548131942749023,
2.8535664081573486,
9.436492919921875,
1.732881784439087,
-3.498774528503418,
-3.3908064365386963,
5.045955657958984,
-8.939579010009766,
-1.259260654449463,
1.7839821577072144,
6.030776500701904,
-2.1964712142944336,
-4.617590427398682,
-0.444038450717926,
-1.1049113273620605,
3.7932140827178955,
-3.6609339714050293,
4.971004009246826,
-7.207302093505859,
-2.454489231109619,
-5.512062072753906,
6.837329864501953,
-2.1730241775512695,
2.276303291320801,
-5.1408538818359375,
-2.919727325439453,
0.5499026775360107,
2.6876096725463867,
3.454397439956665,
0.8545212745666504,
-2.116499423980713,
-2.278933525085449,
1.1200917959213257,
-3.5936975479125977,
-4.771162986755371,
-5.828646183013916,
-6.2431440353393555,
-5.630618572235107,
-5.666763782501221,
-2.8741936683654785,
3.6296985149383545,
-0.05975279211997986,
3.9097514152526855,
-3.3561935424804688,
0.47763141989707947,
7.712536334991455,
-0.510393500328064,
3.075836181640625,
-4.60793924331665,
2.6166269779205322,
-2.0642833709716797,
2.3301732540130615,
-0.26516348123550415,
-3.926347017288208,
4.0486955642700195,
-8.669879913330078,
3.3236496448516846,
-5.927859306335449,
-0.7762095928192139,
-3.910627603530884,
8.156780242919922,
6.568548202514648,
0.6597340106964111,
-0.3527399003505707,
1.7610201835632324,
-8.023622512817383,
-2.4971508979797363,
0.7772234678268433,
-2.7933788299560547,
-5.697152137756348,
-5.263725280761719,
-0.0007026642560958862,
3.4799790382385254,
4.378485679626465,
-2.9611713886260986,
-2.284238815307617,
0.700675904750824,
12.354788780212402,
0.7940859794616699,
4.589162826538086,
-0.13409139215946198,
-1.142276644706726,
3.2168965339660645,
-7.044504165649414,
0.6032547950744629,
1.196265459060669,
2.3406548500061035,
9.081957817077637,
-4.175755500793457,
2.630343437194824,
-7.56444787979126,
-1.214460015296936,
0.23071402311325073,
3.2230260372161865,
-4.964405536651611,
-0.8152447938919067,
-2.358044147491455,
-10.589576721191406,
-3.0613155364990234,
0.1818152815103531,
-2.27044677734375,
1.1895674467086792,
-6.432865142822266,
0.8356240391731262,
1.2053725719451904,
3.7099251747131348,
-3.188453197479248,
6.186654090881348,
-0.523992657661438,
-0.8617796897888184,
-1.063652515411377,
-1.1819928884506226,
-1.8910804986953735,
2.16202449798584,
-0.329984575510025,
-1.0048537254333496,
-0.5388940572738647,
-0.015447303652763367,
2.171062707901001,
2.9025378227233887,
-4.483155250549316,
0.7603659629821777,
-0.25392740964889526,
-3.7807059288024902,
-0.8516179323196411,
-0.4068288207054138,
2.9222702980041504,
-2.348721504211426,
0.4312012195587158,
-11.682645797729492,
3.5147228240966797,
-2.623398542404175,
2.7116281986236572,
6.3731369972229,
-2.116349935531616,
0.7918660640716553,
10.122149467468262,
4.146240234375,
4.359158039093018,
4.568080902099609,
1.5957022905349731,
-1.822758436203003,
3.7336020469665527,
-1.56355881690979,
7.7697038650512695,
7.671485900878906,
-4.427086353302002,
5.1356587409973145,
-4.0901007652282715,
1.5062189102172852,
-1.8215909004211426,
-5.725002288818359,
-3.1519222259521484,
0.9964993000030518,
-0.8323858976364136,
2.3716769218444824,
-2.983487844467163,
5.287712574005127,
1.0119068622589111,
3.678389072418213,
9.559527397155762,
-2.6179792881011963,
0.9579341411590576,
0.3169234097003937,
8.721551895141602,
0.7702527046203613,
-3.9286863803863525,
6.399374008178711,
-3.7433626651763916,
-0.6540584564208984,
3.350695848464966,
-0.03236265480518341,
-0.29311811923980713,
0.5544846653938293,
-4.257240295410156,
-0.45697668194770813,
11.301168441772461,
-2.2156882286071777,
-0.9745210409164429,
-1.903835654258728,
3.614952325820923,
4.927290439605713,
-2.6038174629211426,
-4.427072048187256,
0.01592835783958435,
8.28748893737793,
-7.9472126960754395,
-1.2683264017105103,
-4.480539321899414,
1.511156439781189,
-0.8783149719238281,
-5.1857075691223145,
-0.4902603030204773,
13.46173095703125,
-1.2231370210647583,
4.783212184906006,
0.9519101977348328
] |
how does humidity affect athletic performance? | i'm curious especially for athletes that travel, like those attending the olympics and other international events. but also on a small level - joe runsalot, will he have different performance? | the more water is resolved in the air (as a gas), the less oxygen can be resolved. high humidity = lower oxygen. also, some of the water will condense on your lung epithel, creating a layer of water between the gas in the lungs and the blood. this slows down the diffundation of the oxygen and carboxygen. | 2 | [] | [] | [] | [
-0.4145417809486389,
0.5536141991615295,
0.6321873068809509,
1.0375837087631226,
0.7566419243812561,
-0.12139633297920227,
0.4902033507823944,
0.771641731262207,
0.491403728723526,
-0.06699903309345245,
-0.09729732573032379,
-0.2699214220046997,
0.02049926668405533,
1.234076738357544,
-0.9557850360870361,
-0.32838475704193115,
-0.7241476774215698,
0.7649143934249878,
-1.6623982191085815,
0.156904935836792,
0.22057443857192993,
1.4356358051300049,
0.1100054383277893,
-0.30669304728507996,
-0.30017969012260437,
-0.4056644141674042,
-0.04058244824409485,
-0.358940988779068,
0.11162502318620682,
0.4248133599758148,
0.08817662298679352,
-0.22003868222236633,
-0.12027795612812042,
-0.9043784737586975,
0.6106956005096436,
-1.328477382659912,
-0.6008998155593872,
-0.15081119537353516,
-0.5607218146324158,
-0.3582032024860382,
-0.5919133424758911,
0.012423239648342133,
-0.280454158782959,
1.6197460889816284,
-1.4498285055160522,
0.7430863380432129,
1.0197398662567139,
-0.17775306105613708,
0.4747326374053955,
-0.329093337059021,
0.22727841138839722,
-0.10039104521274567,
-0.9526178240776062,
0.30957716703414917,
-0.885453999042511,
-0.014078915119171143,
-0.513603687286377,
-0.5925791263580322,
-0.7671012282371521,
-1.2278646230697632,
-0.1417417824268341,
0.16260819137096405,
-0.4385016858577728,
0.576155960559845,
1.4109289646148682,
-0.35883867740631104,
0.37490662932395935,
0.1594349443912506,
0.0068009719252586365,
-0.36587661504745483,
-0.03851032257080078,
0.21109551191329956,
0.03868040442466736,
-0.2398994266986847,
0.1922754943370819,
-0.35765859484672546,
-0.03901594877243042,
-0.019697189331054688,
0.2904015779495239,
0.8026716113090515,
0.9348971247673035,
-0.29789549112319946,
-0.6685384511947632,
-0.6065688133239746,
-0.5808911919593811,
1.3256027698516846,
0.025012563914060593,
0.003420639783143997,
-0.8573223948478699,
0.24099229276180267,
-0.6950419545173645,
-0.4581586718559265,
-0.2055095136165619,
-0.11327025294303894,
-0.3444101810455322,
1.0707865953445435,
0.15723520517349243,
-0.18819347023963928,
0.6755644679069519,
-0.6267927885055542,
-0.11990749835968018,
0.16081197559833527,
-1.2537368535995483,
0.08082103729248047,
-0.6187481880187988,
-0.3905123472213745,
0.2592453956604004,
0.714012622833252,
0.5965244174003601,
0.18155044317245483,
-0.34863513708114624,
0.40216484665870667,
0.6148837208747864,
-0.7065696716308594,
0.19114471971988678,
1.30519437789917,
0.6511322259902954,
-0.05328218638896942,
-1.4766072034835815,
-0.17247389256954193,
-0.8801693320274353,
-0.8334086537361145,
-0.32255834341049194,
-0.4382339119911194,
1.2200740575790405,
-0.4616159200668335,
-0.43383365869522095,
0.07313106209039688,
0.7629899978637695,
-0.9842283725738525,
0.8846036791801453,
0.6599671244621277,
0.17419512569904327,
-0.047455787658691406,
-0.767270028591156,
-0.6397422552108765,
0.9821276068687439,
0.31535911560058594,
-1.4515278339385986,
0.9851433038711548,
-0.7614324688911438,
-0.25986984372138977,
-1.0278935432434082,
-1.4186115264892578,
-1.4336767196655273,
0.13065776228904724,
-0.6206588745117188,
-0.549989640712738,
-0.05430961772799492,
-0.23670248687267303,
-0.7188437581062317,
-0.1109732985496521,
1.2754548788070679,
0.19048842787742615,
-0.5369974970817566,
-0.3474970757961273,
0.16037717461585999,
0.20273727178573608,
0.13207051157951355,
0.770203709602356,
-1.516242504119873,
0.2201501727104187,
-0.5629977583885193,
0.29940757155418396,
-0.7208653688430786,
0.7366660833358765,
0.045245036482810974,
-0.03287672996520996,
0.40351659059524536,
0.21925833821296692,
-0.6382132172584534,
0.4687668979167938,
0.7287696599960327,
-0.8941580653190613,
-0.2967943549156189,
0.30420932173728943,
-0.3408936858177185,
-0.700096845626831,
0.6380848288536072,
0.20914505422115326,
0.11718432605266571,
0.26736027002334595,
1.0134812593460083,
-0.129574254155159,
0.40984654426574707,
-0.9018445014953613,
-0.010650619864463806,
0.36432939767837524,
-0.33135920763015747,
0.05631992220878601,
-0.6417644023895264,
0.5873921513557434,
0.3974454998970032,
0.1405562311410904,
-0.42245322465896606,
0.24966838955879211,
-0.9575965404510498,
-0.40951910614967346,
-0.48602497577667236,
-0.22092671692371368,
1.0737496614456177,
0.2689793109893799,
0.5185624361038208,
-0.124624103307724,
0.4916362166404724,
-0.34554433822631836,
-0.27390801906585693,
-0.5776689648628235,
-0.7298660278320312,
-0.7376900911331177,
0.0001938343048095703,
-0.5072734355926514,
-0.8125386238098145,
-0.4939270615577698,
-0.467227041721344,
1.2193626165390015,
0.4046802520751953,
0.29382914304733276,
-0.35929179191589355,
-0.1985444873571396,
0.8227962851524353,
-0.7804808616638184,
0.660592794418335,
-0.6121203303337097,
0.1864941120147705,
-0.7523764967918396,
-0.615324854850769,
0.8463366627693176,
0.18087448179721832,
0.7650371789932251,
0.014046743512153625,
0.429950088262558,
0.09766724705696106,
0.2593226730823517,
0.5036822557449341,
0.36823004484176636,
-0.9432069063186646,
0.5895803570747375,
0.49309027194976807,
0.1328374743461609,
0.035605669021606445,
-0.4786498546600342,
0.05826672911643982,
0.8305085301399231,
-0.606317937374115,
1.1858941316604614,
-0.504952073097229,
0.3864246606826782,
-0.6418064832687378,
0.19580669701099396,
-0.7346029281616211,
-0.1084616482257843,
1.1890678405761719,
1.4757391214370728,
0.24582979083061218,
-0.0517943874001503,
0.18304315209388733,
-0.6599564552307129,
-0.31835854053497314,
-0.08041321486234665,
0.940575361251831,
-0.07392029464244843,
-0.9506560564041138,
-0.8720411062240601,
0.4922635555267334,
-0.5820471048355103,
1.1344919204711914,
0.26292771100997925,
-0.11775727570056915,
0.31684449315071106,
0.21256780624389648,
-2.026362895965576,
-0.1623208224773407,
-0.16259148716926575,
0.8485901355743408,
-1.15365731716156,
-0.7660819292068481,
0.19838303327560425,
1.4310482740402222,
1.1039756536483765,
0.49184080958366394,
-0.8571537733078003,
-0.0019823014736175537,
0.034237492829561234,
0.20580638945102692,
-0.13575823605060577,
0.3170485496520996,
-0.46862927079200745,
-0.09285774827003479,
0.4605804979801178,
-0.3986523151397705,
1.7294723987579346,
0.564903974533081,
0.41737860441207886,
0.37224850058555603,
0.8359907269477844,
0.12974444031715393,
0.5068944692611694,
0.42689061164855957,
-0.11593259125947952,
0.02727585658431053,
-0.2944467067718506,
-0.934005856513977,
-0.4660596251487732,
-0.6966615915298462,
0.5715771913528442,
-0.2832283675670624,
-0.46592551469802856,
0.5568636655807495,
-1.7118641138076782,
-1.2015049457550049,
-1.0946681499481201,
0.11550241708755493,
0.38715308904647827,
-0.2598448395729065,
0.28858357667922974,
0.05955687165260315,
-0.5282576680183411,
-0.08985906839370728,
0.5922268629074097,
0.06489288806915283,
0.1713201105594635,
0.4677518606185913,
-0.11064375936985016,
-0.23428906500339508,
0.3098216652870178,
1.099448323249817,
0.5936034917831421,
0.2993040978908539,
-0.3047361671924591,
0.24095380306243896,
0.652880072593689,
1.4285833835601807,
-1.0883257389068604,
1.368756890296936,
0.24896803498268127,
-0.4732245206832886,
-0.6675447821617126,
0.03860987722873688,
-0.8951190114021301,
-0.3044413924217224,
0.7730292677879333,
-0.14681977033615112,
0.6507058143615723,
1.1465805768966675,
-0.1687610149383545,
0.06873984634876251,
0.24385111033916473,
-0.6182408332824707,
0.37819042801856995,
-0.2140478491783142,
1.2576062679290771,
-0.2237265259027481,
0.3480431139469147,
-0.3880053758621216,
-0.10039207339286804,
0.19988635182380676,
-0.3557486832141876,
-0.28784263134002686,
-0.2719370722770691,
-0.10909290611743927,
0.1084308847784996,
-0.2362041473388672,
0.664440393447876,
0.6120320558547974,
0.5651524066925049,
-0.4224962294101715,
0.5323975086212158,
-0.06823183596134186,
0.7035524249076843,
0.29935160279273987,
0.9589388370513916,
0.8280915021896362,
-0.0027711689472198486,
-0.07742005586624146,
-0.03874997794628143,
-0.7613977193832397,
0.6526827812194824,
-0.12347349524497986,
-0.461887001991272,
-1.1442698240280151,
0.7874731421470642,
1.1902239322662354,
-0.07612060010433197
] |
nasa biocapsule, does it really deliver? | i'm sure some of you guys ran across the story in [science](_url_0_) about the "nasa biopcasule." it sounds really promising, does it live up to the hype gizmodo was making about it? what is a realistic timeline on when we will see civilian applications for this technology? | i work at md anderson, a cancer institute, and one of my projects involves the use of carbon nanotubes as sort of container for drugs. it's not the exact same as this biocapsule, but it's a similar idea. before you read my points, i suggest you filter through the comments in the original thread, as several engineers have weighed in. i personally believe that a fifteen year timeline for use in humans in this fashion is somewhat optimistic. a big issue with nanomaterials in general is approval for use in humans. this would be slightly easier in that a biocapsule would be considered a medical device, but it's still an uphill battle. the principle of putting stuff inside a container and having it then escape that container is sound, but it's a lot more difficult problem than it seems. for example, if you want to put a small molecule drug inside your capsule you have to consider whether you want it to diffuse out of the capsule all the time or some of the time. if your capsule has large pores in its body, then your drug might leak out when you do not want it to. supposing it doesn't leak and you only want gated release, then you have to have some sort of sensor and some sort of gate. what do you use as your gate? you can use a protein that changes conformation in response to an environmental condition and thus opens a passage, e.g. an ion channel or similar protein. however, these may require energy to use so it'd be more difficult to just stick them in an artificial barrier. we haven't even addressed what to do if you were trying to use some kind of sensor and a gate. then perhaps it might be easier to take something that already has these functions (cells) and put *them* inside the capsule. in my opinion, putting cells inside the capsule is the most plausible way to accomplish the aims goals that seem to be associated with the biocapsule. cells already function and very complicated sensors and can support many feedback loops and different inputs. so rather than solving the problems of gating and sensing, you just have to figure out a way to make sure that the inside of the capsule supports the conditions that are optimal for the growth of your particular cells. the simplest option would seem to be that you just make your capsule nice and porous so that all the things your cells need get in and all the waste gets out. however, you can't necessarily accomplish this by just making your capsule nice and porous. if you're implanting your capsule into thigh muscle, the local environment may not be the same as your optimal conditions for your cells. now you have to modulate the levels of different chemicals inside your capsule. this takes us back to having some sort of semi-permeable barrier like i mentioned above. summary: idea itself is sound, but it involves many hard problems to solve. like most (and nearly all) popular media stories about science, it understates the barriers to actualization of the project. | 7 | [] | [
"http://www.reddit.com/r/science/comments/pgmm4/nasa_medical_breakthrough_that_could_save/"
] | [] | [
-4.93165397644043,
0.5290263891220093,
-1.088240623474121,
-3.406809091567993,
-1.250090479850769,
-5.092719078063965,
4.161698341369629,
2.0740721225738525,
0.9428966641426086,
1.4272645711898804,
0.25133031606674194,
4.686644077301025,
0.5930839776992798,
4.3210835456848145,
2.1494059562683105,
-2.723875045776367,
-0.8906648755073547,
3.0302674770355225,
-9.756658554077148,
4.850716590881348,
1.337157964706421,
-3.327117443084717,
0.129030242562294,
-2.6458969116210938,
-3.5338399410247803,
0.8758005499839783,
0.8565614223480225,
-1.9885954856872559,
1.2414500713348389,
-1.4633636474609375,
-1.145145058631897,
2.8220388889312744,
-4.059136390686035,
-2.1245980262756348,
2.395280599594116,
3.283970832824707,
-3.7163751125335693,
4.250245094299316,
-1.0017930269241333,
-4.179090976715088,
0.4879060685634613,
-3.4051363468170166,
-1.2503206729888916,
7.929971694946289,
3.2817397117614746,
0.8854286670684814,
2.125333786010742,
-1.5530509948730469,
-0.42277342081069946,
-0.5849228501319885,
-1.6838631629943848,
-1.4547569751739502,
-3.5976498126983643,
-1.0747207403182983,
-5.802783966064453,
-0.5814430713653564,
0.40997669100761414,
-0.2602877914905548,
-1.2920703887939453,
-1.0985794067382812,
-0.6897982358932495,
-1.0994594097137451,
-1.9171655178070068,
4.963888645172119,
8.758599281311035,
-2.986541509628296,
2.329338550567627,
1.6673686504364014,
1.4253897666931152,
4.304413795471191,
1.2971959114074707,
-0.4492073357105255,
-1.4410197734832764,
0.39572930335998535,
3.365455389022827,
1.9390870332717896,
0.8276965618133545,
1.749353051185608,
1.462874174118042,
1.7229477167129517,
1.3312766551971436,
3.618119239807129,
-0.15285331010818481,
3.191444158554077,
-2.1194276809692383,
8.66624641418457,
1.5821576118469238,
2.01804780960083,
-0.027527302503585815,
-3.127664566040039,
-2.524081230163574,
-0.12044021487236023,
2.6344316005706787,
1.3551603555679321,
-1.8802086114883423,
3.6299257278442383,
0.48388510942459106,
-3.798203229904175,
-0.35277798771858215,
-0.7851836681365967,
-3.929307222366333,
0.2223394811153412,
-5.787920951843262,
-5.192007541656494,
-1.4492648839950562,
-4.739453315734863,
1.335598111152649,
2.421649694442749,
3.3081161975860596,
2.671905994415283,
-3.2484071254730225,
3.572188377380371,
1.319392442703247,
-2.2499821186065674,
-2.8910388946533203,
-0.6846160292625427,
-1.1697561740875244,
-0.9869154095649719,
-1.888911485671997,
-2.637906789779663,
-2.714021682739258,
-5.8552703857421875,
-0.7090723514556885,
-0.3440723717212677,
1.40185546875,
-1.277645230293274,
1.7562940120697021,
5.368968963623047,
1.4548208713531494,
2.6951611042022705,
6.040599346160889,
-0.616304874420166,
0.5668734312057495,
1.2841150760650635,
-1.1573314666748047,
-3.808697462081909,
2.6814823150634766,
-4.508621692657471,
-6.179891109466553,
0.5796350836753845,
-3.5481455326080322,
8.868677139282227,
3.7402381896972656,
-4.1501288414001465,
-3.9258360862731934,
5.1790924072265625,
0.8062162399291992,
-3.939584493637085,
-2.1095550060272217,
-5.116702079772949,
-2.782705068588257,
-4.564411163330078,
5.008586883544922,
0.4065021276473999,
0.5871778726577759,
1.0709514617919922,
-3.2801997661590576,
4.162501335144043,
-2.5222418308258057,
-1.0843994617462158,
-8.601081848144531,
3.1906471252441406,
-2.467003345489502,
2.4485325813293457,
-2.4529542922973633,
0.29236239194869995,
-0.30618155002593994,
-5.631346702575684,
0.654066801071167,
0.9333771467208862,
1.8348348140716553,
-2.104236602783203,
3.7502834796905518,
-5.442257404327393,
-3.849745512008667,
-0.42937713861465454,
-7.065943717956543,
-2.976487398147583,
4.002801418304443,
5.765578746795654,
1.2493369579315186,
-1.3893628120422363,
2.3363852500915527,
2.5135550498962402,
0.7134994864463806,
-2.1355764865875244,
2.4817652702331543,
2.5773766040802,
-4.869344711303711,
-0.19862204790115356,
-2.6079049110412598,
4.966437816619873,
2.510425329208374,
7.593911647796631,
-3.536351203918457,
-4.389828681945801,
-0.945475161075592,
1.0841057300567627,
-5.873389720916748,
-2.759202241897583,
1.6451163291931152,
-0.27771174907684326,
-3.301555633544922,
-2.698617458343506,
2.422556161880493,
1.4888797998428345,
1.6226617097854614,
-5.027259349822998,
-4.24141263961792,
-1.5870237350463867,
-4.853227615356445,
-0.9622729420661926,
-2.053823709487915,
-2.2775824069976807,
1.6020358800888062,
1.0374863147735596,
-3.841325044631958,
-1.9483344554901123,
-2.016763210296631,
-3.888556957244873,
0.20190845429897308,
-1.468741774559021,
-0.46837273240089417,
-6.736098766326904,
-1.4159910678863525,
-2.8261899948120117,
3.9281673431396484,
3.2970547676086426,
0.9886460304260254,
4.79942512512207,
0.24078983068466187,
-2.856661319732666,
2.556046485900879,
6.375707149505615,
-1.0618126392364502,
0.8452557921409607,
2.5264835357666016,
-1.501332402229309,
-2.803723096847534,
1.1143044233322144,
-3.257427215576172,
-1.4042348861694336,
-4.3250508308410645,
-0.15614598989486694,
-3.7087762355804443,
4.939055919647217,
2.270806312561035,
2.9383888244628906,
-0.27907395362854004,
2.9369843006134033,
-5.2055583000183105,
-1.3948760032653809,
0.8829808235168457,
3.040620803833008,
-4.841891288757324,
1.003739356994629,
-8.152939796447754,
1.1388459205627441,
0.4585455060005188,
-1.1226187944412231,
7.031980991363525,
0.5617325305938721,
-1.04789137840271,
-2.716512441635132,
3.503990650177002,
1.301056981086731,
-2.7031407356262207,
5.469884395599365,
-3.070221185684204,
1.414507508277893,
4.096592903137207,
-2.9612011909484863,
1.0006248950958252,
3.610413074493408,
5.716399192810059,
-2.7481682300567627,
-2.016087532043457,
-4.538821697235107,
0.6134974956512451,
4.754021167755127,
2.4586923122406006,
-7.3821868896484375,
0.5963955521583557,
3.4551842212677,
0.8556123971939087,
-4.58221960067749,
1.0363240242004395,
-3.8755784034729004,
-0.03436696529388428,
-2.9419186115264893,
-0.972187340259552,
6.341560363769531,
-2.105341672897339,
-0.13668841123580933,
6.3235249519348145,
6.580517292022705,
4.115378379821777,
3.8026764392852783,
4.46581506729126,
-2.3742520809173584,
0.018095582723617554,
-5.500800132751465,
-6.051722526550293,
-0.4116918444633484,
-0.8415916562080383,
0.8851348161697388,
1.0554249286651611,
3.513484477996826,
8.359861373901367,
-5.138810634613037,
1.5847415924072266,
-3.289400100708008,
-0.4424998462200165,
-1.5488697290420532,
-4.50923490524292,
4.182618618011475,
-0.5958616733551025,
6.095537185668945,
1.5457631349563599,
1.592992901802063,
3.987377166748047,
-0.585946798324585,
3.2575254440307617,
-0.41310256719589233,
-3.7859323024749756,
4.444615364074707,
-3.2530453205108643,
2.6938562393188477,
-0.6418536901473999,
-1.6833299398422241,
2.3325493335723877,
6.648756980895996,
1.0529954433441162,
3.8123154640197754,
-2.4519004821777344,
4.266452312469482,
-1.5076698064804077,
-1.496131181716919,
-4.474062919616699,
-2.268089532852173,
-0.7421470284461975,
2.0349273681640625,
0.14246608316898346,
2.6502363681793213,
3.0261404514312744,
-1.2725088596343994,
1.17087721824646,
5.062474727630615,
0.4895976781845093,
0.9445727467536926,
0.3173667788505554,
4.082164287567139,
2.6825337409973145,
6.690191745758057,
0.8544518351554871,
-0.49830517172813416,
-0.194349467754364,
-0.7224034667015076,
2.6993682384490967,
-2.426827907562256,
-3.091909408569336,
-2.1344499588012695,
-1.8569549322128296,
7.67501163482666,
-2.9954464435577393,
2.5985639095306396,
-1.5513925552368164,
-1.7029321193695068,
-7.867233753204346,
6.692957878112793,
1.565726399421692,
2.001964569091797,
2.9901347160339355,
-1.632049322128296,
1.7899670600891113,
-1.1170754432678223,
-3.3162457942962646,
0.21031390130519867,
-0.8026822805404663,
3.233933925628662,
-1.3115363121032715,
3.712202548980713,
7.310096740722656,
-0.09293513000011444
] |
does darwin's law of evolution by natural selection still hold true in modern times with respect to humans? | due to availability of top notch healthcare even the negative traits are being passed , we are living longer lives and even the most ill people are able to procreate due to excellent health facilities.has darwin's law of survival of the fittest become redundant in this context? | it's a common belief -- without any factual support -- that modern medicine has removed selection pressure on modern humans. multiple studies have shown that there continues to be significant selection pressure on modern humans. some reviews - -- [measuring selection in contemporary human populations](_url_7_) -- [humans are still evolving, and soon we'll know a lot more about it](_url_2_) --------------------------------- you may find some of the answers of interest in these threads: * [our society tries to cure diseases and making it possible to live with traits that would normally disappear by natural selection, are we creating a weak population that relies on medicine?](_url_3_) * [has modern medicine decreased the rate of human evolution?](_url_1_) * [have humans stopped evolving?](_url_8_) * [is natural selection of humans not occurring anymore?](_url_6_) * [are humans still undergoing natural selection?](_url_5_) * [do people really think humans are no longer evolving?](_url_10_) * [eli5: did we stop natural selection by keeping everyone alive?](_url_4_) * [is this natural selection still going on for humans?](_url_0_) * [has technology stopped us from evolving?](_url_9_) | 7 | [] | [] | [
"https://www.reddit.com/r/ForeverAlone/comments/408ndy/is_this_natural_selection_still_going_on_for/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskScienceDiscussion/comments/6dcpu4/has_modern_medicine_decreased_the_rate_of_human/",
"http://johnhawks.net/weblog/topics/evolution/recent/acceleration/attenborough-no-selection-2013.html",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskScienceDiscussion/comments/6c4gt2/our_society_tries_to_cure_diseases_and_making_it/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2735zn/eli5_did_we_stop_natural_selection_by_keeping/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1jcgw0/are_humans_still_undergoing_natural_selection/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1mj7uc/is_natural_selection_of_humans_not_occurring/",
"http://stearnslab.yale.edu/sites/default/files/nat_rev_gen_2010_stearnsetal.pdf",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3g3lwz/have_humans_stopped_evolving/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskScienceDiscussion/comments/5f8ca4/has_technology_stopped_us_from_evolving/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/evolution/comments/3uiz5l/do_people_really_think_humans_are_no_longer/"
] | [
-2.2546653747558594,
0.6213878393173218,
0.8978388905525208,
1.2659111022949219,
0.18214859068393707,
0.7178055047988892,
1.7520872354507446,
-1.8999924659729004,
1.0353071689605713,
1.3204610347747803,
4.568588733673096,
-1.9190670251846313,
1.1567786931991577,
1.2211555242538452,
-0.7303536534309387,
0.45256495475769043,
-3.5697951316833496,
-1.5805779695510864,
-3.865053176879883,
1.8937342166900635,
-1.0040422677993774,
1.1311320066452026,
0.6249534487724304,
-0.0261925607919693,
-3.170767068862915,
-3.412539005279541,
-2.6564443111419678,
-0.37139561772346497,
1.1553430557250977,
-0.37804529070854187,
0.30920085310935974,
4.311825752258301,
-0.7033047676086426,
-1.016599178314209,
-1.1475428342819214,
-0.06026460975408554,
-1.387317180633545,
-0.8834188580513,
2.324054718017578,
1.5833032131195068,
-1.4566534757614136,
-2.214712142944336,
-2.071357011795044,
1.8297251462936401,
-0.47849294543266296,
2.7294347286224365,
-1.7482093572616577,
1.6500041484832764,
-3.010127305984497,
-0.7427318096160889,
-2.8134779930114746,
-0.8863258957862854,
-2.8461475372314453,
0.08459793031215668,
0.0725705623626709,
-1.384914517402649,
-2.7356443405151367,
-3.950704574584961,
-0.5921705365180969,
-0.7337391376495361,
0.6979028582572937,
-0.2374659776687622,
-2.385277032852173,
2.9584197998046875,
1.305195927619934,
1.5972250699996948,
-0.46419116854667664,
-0.6486777663230896,
2.100189685821533,
2.5011515617370605,
3.4963526725769043,
0.19470250606536865,
-2.76713228225708,
3.2284886837005615,
0.14243176579475403,
-1.155523419380188,
-1.6431736946105957,
0.6186269521713257,
0.14412100613117218,
-1.4936412572860718,
1.1071604490280151,
-0.09300562739372253,
0.9878415465354919,
0.6376264095306396,
-1.1204990148544312,
0.8185270428657532,
0.32311928272247314,
-2.0900192260742188,
-1.699991226196289,
0.7669601440429688,
-0.8475562334060669,
-0.1600208282470703,
1.7137812376022339,
1.5627713203430176,
1.0977282524108887,
2.940549373626709,
-2.2153003215789795,
-1.7016712427139282,
-0.6894992589950562,
0.3572002947330475,
-3.569430351257324,
3.180795907974243,
-1.8164958953857422,
0.7892508506774902,
-1.2642509937286377,
-3.7284798622131348,
-2.289513111114502,
0.0480419397354126,
2.540477752685547,
4.092138290405273,
-3.011021375656128,
-3.138798713684082,
0.10496044158935547,
1.5054957866668701,
-1.1284929513931274,
-3.050002336502075,
1.2059900760650635,
-1.5097534656524658,
-1.0985664129257202,
2.54799747467041,
0.8420684337615967,
-0.5073539614677429,
1.8772894144058228,
0.8808549642562866,
5.373263835906982,
0.929412841796875,
-1.809576153755188,
2.6608052253723145,
1.5928956270217896,
-0.7427577972412109,
4.3253607749938965,
-0.40434086322784424,
-3.2152185440063477,
-0.06066495180130005,
-2.9808664321899414,
-3.835301399230957,
2.2812557220458984,
-2.704895257949829,
-3.2979016304016113,
-0.4123276174068451,
-1.1510485410690308,
4.637771129608154,
1.572708249092102,
1.451320767402649,
0.7519355416297913,
2.2838735580444336,
1.0449011325836182,
-2.136235237121582,
-0.18064962327480316,
2.1322076320648193,
-0.8248717784881592,
-3.142772912979126,
-0.7759881019592285,
-0.15890702605247498,
-2.3239927291870117,
-2.304332733154297,
1.118071436882019,
1.5238605737686157,
0.28486597537994385,
0.36136141419410706,
-1.3075774908065796,
1.1067461967468262,
0.00476774200797081,
1.7422575950622559,
2.6727066040039062,
-0.8020683526992798,
0.23467546701431274,
-0.4873616099357605,
1.0717222690582275,
0.7938966155052185,
0.9531723856925964,
-0.5998935699462891,
3.0280086994171143,
-0.8244498372077942,
0.20458605885505676,
-2.0004000663757324,
-3.967999219894409,
-0.4790722131729126,
-1.309554934501648,
4.315413475036621,
3.030991315841675,
-2.062044143676758,
1.9321012496948242,
-1.6841102838516235,
-2.4379100799560547,
0.5576481819152832,
-3.319918632507324,
1.8273130655288696,
-0.6081182956695557,
-1.290810227394104,
-0.9375645518302917,
-0.6924768090248108,
1.895774006843567,
1.3000513315200806,
-1.4845701456069946,
-2.9935410022735596,
0.5109176635742188,
1.2236238718032837,
0.9655411839485168,
-1.0534621477127075,
-4.555926322937012,
0.0873987227678299,
-0.6701784133911133,
-2.1816911697387695,
2.3861050605773926,
1.4883121252059937,
1.5711134672164917,
-0.26178643107414246,
1.0455480813980103,
0.5047531723976135,
-3.8377749919891357,
-1.271490216255188,
-0.332864910364151,
-2.9822964668273926,
2.493708372116089,
0.6865586042404175,
1.8443365097045898,
0.325175017118454,
1.3820539712905884,
-0.2203240841627121,
-3.411961555480957,
-0.858521044254303,
-2.0588936805725098,
-3.341181993484497,
-2.89216685295105,
-0.6074038743972778,
-1.2337712049484253,
3.357494831085205,
-2.1408157348632812,
0.2267225980758667,
-0.10541661083698273,
0.9401242136955261,
1.5912103652954102,
1.8410052061080933,
0.21823664009571075,
-0.6464875936508179,
7.1343159675598145,
-1.288612961769104,
1.0077316761016846,
-1.3016880750656128,
-1.306185245513916,
0.8513038158416748,
-1.2773361206054688,
1.226931095123291,
-1.536080241203308,
1.3459290266036987,
-4.674367904663086,
0.7527040243148804,
-0.2910061776638031,
2.401390552520752,
-0.7979999780654907,
-0.22207137942314148,
-0.6620486974716187,
-1.5491490364074707,
0.6791328191757202,
-1.2848646640777588,
-1.8624497652053833,
-1.243990421295166,
2.8422024250030518,
1.7018672227859497,
-0.17436383664608002,
3.030491352081299,
1.1283819675445557,
0.5354309678077698,
0.29269522428512573,
-0.09069213271141052,
-1.50165593624115,
0.4061887562274933,
0.6410453915596008,
0.01956891268491745,
1.2235586643218994,
-0.6867802143096924,
1.0338876247406006,
0.9455255270004272,
4.193051338195801,
0.8902444839477539,
0.8260453343391418,
-4.062524795532227,
0.9912979602813721,
-4.378995418548584,
0.16194431483745575,
-4.489055633544922,
-0.778850793838501,
3.1277081966400146,
-2.3051178455352783,
1.2249025106430054,
1.763509750366211,
-0.3019104599952698,
-3.0157060623168945,
-1.9803179502487183,
0.3173578679561615,
6.127772331237793,
-0.6544824838638306,
-2.267895221710205,
4.199258804321289,
-0.9558119177818298,
-1.1740431785583496,
-3.9794087409973145,
1.4338606595993042,
0.3842317461967468,
-1.0373224020004272,
1.3122705221176147,
0.777929425239563,
-0.24534480273723602,
-1.7651314735412598,
0.5762248039245605,
3.319112777709961,
-0.21902845799922943,
1.5256291627883911,
-0.9721128940582275,
0.3787713050842285,
-1.3388311862945557,
1.207854986190796,
1.0968055725097656,
-0.9713265299797058,
-2.537299394607544,
-5.396420955657959,
1.0452994108200073,
-1.4482148885726929,
1.0926653146743774,
4.410408973693848,
1.2319378852844238,
1.7670680284500122,
4.193630218505859,
3.727060079574585,
1.0800918340682983,
-0.4087052047252655,
2.582444667816162,
-1.2508131265640259,
2.551448106765747,
-1.0291428565979004,
5.686178684234619,
3.688291072845459,
0.9342718720436096,
2.689708709716797,
0.7821987271308899,
-1.4265891313552856,
0.9167260527610779,
-0.4986501932144165,
-1.8277877569198608,
1.271959662437439,
-0.37973159551620483,
2.4239883422851562,
-0.11318227648735046,
0.699905276298523,
-1.1341394186019897,
-0.36337172985076904,
2.117185115814209,
-4.465052127838135,
2.6858580112457275,
3.9954991340637207,
0.7609755992889404,
-2.814558982849121,
0.7083967924118042,
2.4167826175689697,
-3.1361820697784424,
-2.431671142578125,
-0.15668293833732605,
0.5420618057250977,
-0.6646898984909058,
0.9250320792198181,
0.10960058122873306,
0.5022208094596863,
3.8158533573150635,
-1.6009690761566162,
0.060376882553100586,
1.1752859354019165,
0.11748462915420532,
0.4610639214515686,
-1.9487802982330322,
-2.7084543704986572,
0.020321309566497803,
0.39805153012275696,
-1.8429840803146362,
-0.08516785502433777,
-2.09706974029541,
0.4917858839035034,
0.04924355447292328,
-1.9742850065231323,
1.9682341814041138,
3.980958938598633,
0.3271736204624176,
2.5016493797302246,
1.3908146619796753
] |
what is the net flux of the universe? | can we assume the universe is an infinitely large insulating sphere of uniform charge density? the universe is electrically neutral correct? i'm learning about flux in physics right now and i'm thinking out of the box | flux is about some "thing" passing through some surface area. there are many kinds of flux, you seem to be familiar with the flux of the electric field, but there's also magnetic flux (and others). the universe doesn't have a surface that contains it or defines it. so there's no way to define flux through that surface that doesn't exist. | 9 | [] | [] | [] | [
-0.5489763021469116,
-1.4016764163970947,
0.5286710858345032,
0.9024075269699097,
0.7864644527435303,
-0.35960137844085693,
0.9618431925773621,
-0.04696726053953171,
0.9014874696731567,
0.010113857686519623,
-0.30459779500961304,
-1.1385061740875244,
-0.3963252007961273,
0.11912029981613159,
0.32380926609039307,
-1.0855889320373535,
-0.7697529792785645,
-0.7694728374481201,
-0.4371486008167267,
0.0116795115172863,
0.8177719116210938,
0.4092372953891754,
-0.683489978313446,
-0.4233648180961609,
-0.27135369181632996,
0.281882107257843,
0.2233540415763855,
-0.180345356464386,
-0.776767373085022,
-0.2115062177181244,
-0.5742002725601196,
0.9211919903755188,
-1.9977341890335083,
0.14956101775169373,
0.1735617220401764,
-0.5203217267990112,
0.27488893270492554,
0.145670086145401,
0.351210355758667,
-0.04147504270076752,
-0.008027449250221252,
-0.13601812720298767,
0.6061503887176514,
0.9967286586761475,
-0.10802414268255234,
0.9022625088691711,
0.854304313659668,
-0.3497377932071686,
-0.16884133219718933,
-1.0165677070617676,
0.09568388760089874,
0.638474702835083,
0.2119395136833191,
0.051517173647880554,
-0.3631231188774109,
0.313649445772171,
0.6722689270973206,
-0.6275167465209961,
0.4517544209957123,
0.07643686234951019,
-0.7983874678611755,
-0.018537327647209167,
-0.09563149511814117,
0.2731304466724396,
0.8561502695083618,
-0.841865062713623,
-0.06911474466323853,
-0.32883432507514954,
-0.14265164732933044,
-0.4119437336921692,
-0.17518818378448486,
0.5783718824386597,
0.016191840171813965,
-0.24183312058448792,
1.4376239776611328,
-0.5708255767822266,
-0.03176075220108032,
1.0744014978408813,
0.8739933967590332,
0.27716386318206787,
0.32793647050857544,
1.4166879653930664,
-0.18690501153469086,
-0.29140788316726685,
-0.8436023592948914,
1.1076303720474243,
0.26104292273521423,
0.0886278823018074,
0.10470947623252869,
0.020271383225917816,
-0.40954527258872986,
0.08106136322021484,
-0.5758394598960876,
0.2246023714542389,
-0.3407202363014221,
0.5180994868278503,
0.09735636413097382,
0.0552976131439209,
0.7529041767120361,
-0.3721432089805603,
-1.0017658472061157,
0.3518499732017517,
-0.961320161819458,
1.2051531076431274,
-0.46751487255096436,
-0.6218570470809937,
1.135499119758606,
0.13471385836601257,
0.6097595691680908,
-0.14723172783851624,
-0.08415883779525757,
-0.3203563094139099,
-0.43759503960609436,
-1.377026081085205,
0.479190468788147,
-0.5484410524368286,
-0.42545127868652344,
0.4655362367630005,
-1.8679304122924805,
0.7769152522087097,
-0.2849147617816925,
-0.5569574236869812,
0.055225372314453125,
0.671408474445343,
0.17843762040138245,
-0.13817638158798218,
0.14422154426574707,
-0.020616143941879272,
0.37587490677833557,
0.5070933699607849,
1.3300944566726685,
-0.04686707258224487,
-0.5050248503684998,
0.2816859483718872,
-0.01949065923690796,
0.023352831602096558,
1.7484221458435059,
1.4990394115447998,
-1.2668789625167847,
2.078434944152832,
-0.6460093259811401,
1.243143916130066,
-0.3001439571380615,
-1.0910933017730713,
-0.025705747306346893,
-0.8224562406539917,
0.4082435369491577,
-0.24035413563251495,
0.7021838426589966,
-0.2866629362106323,
-0.7749658823013306,
-0.7489594221115112,
-0.744513750076294,
0.579069197177887,
-0.9828320741653442,
1.0289779901504517,
-0.3932659924030304,
-0.28809672594070435,
-0.12020758539438248,
0.5393118262290955,
0.10720574855804443,
1.1696006059646606,
-0.031963855028152466,
0.08043734729290009,
0.13133764266967773,
0.05371195822954178,
-0.17593996226787567,
-0.44091561436653137,
0.4306897521018982,
-0.21267199516296387,
0.025357911363244057,
0.4017352759838104,
0.15190675854682922,
-1.173382043838501,
1.2194762229919434,
-0.19149364531040192,
-0.7414467930793762,
0.6534085273742676,
0.254692941904068,
0.8280489444732666,
0.9120913147926331,
0.09814143925905228,
1.5448601245880127,
1.2372660636901855,
-0.3408511281013489,
-0.31691819429397583,
-0.050854261964559555,
-0.38935208320617676,
-0.816899299621582,
0.31116044521331787,
-0.8611780405044556,
0.14252133667469025,
0.7237792015075684,
0.9448158740997314,
0.8160262703895569,
0.06558007001876831,
-0.2557532787322998,
-0.1657101809978485,
-0.18012692034244537,
-0.3901558816432953,
-0.48128247261047363,
0.17070287466049194,
0.7487183809280396,
-0.6034519076347351,
-0.034197717905044556,
-0.08168366551399231,
1.1913690567016602,
-0.5825991630554199,
-1.6973249912261963,
-0.7668460607528687,
-0.48930788040161133,
-1.6289451122283936,
-0.7561737895011902,
-0.019588321447372437,
-0.00956106185913086,
1.3777744770050049,
-0.11463811248540878,
-2.2844977378845215,
-0.6077537536621094,
-0.324997216463089,
0.9837462902069092,
-0.4973897337913513,
0.0024152270052582026,
-0.42505285143852234,
-0.07563832402229309,
-1.2291088104248047,
-0.6933672428131104,
0.56937575340271,
-0.29635509848594666,
0.6380360722541809,
0.49437204003334045,
0.7203517556190491,
-0.7020471692085266,
1.4036390781402588,
0.04978435859084129,
-0.8824044466018677,
-1.0424885749816895,
0.8092336654663086,
-0.41719114780426025,
-0.9180871844291687,
-1.3434391021728516,
0.44883233308792114,
-0.25113338232040405,
0.5613636374473572,
-1.387814998626709,
0.333728164434433,
0.0704168826341629,
-1.9696433544158936,
-0.5575751066207886,
0.6345287561416626,
-0.22455108165740967,
-0.0469323992729187,
-1.041623592376709,
1.6217546463012695,
-0.25519460439682007,
1.1177202463150024,
1.0416821241378784,
-1.0946791172027588,
-0.37545499205589294,
-0.5766269564628601,
0.3012772798538208,
0.5618422031402588,
-0.6281296014785767,
-1.3546178340911865,
-1.0188592672348022,
1.1890555620193481,
1.2399544715881348,
0.8939605951309204,
-0.26434704661369324,
0.6100342273712158,
-0.3947092890739441,
-0.2715640068054199,
0.44432950019836426,
0.43573686480522156,
0.29811835289001465,
-1.119133710861206,
-0.16079232096672058,
-0.6128074526786804,
-0.2976646423339844,
0.6124700307846069,
-0.39564284682273865,
-0.43315771222114563,
0.7038690447807312,
0.19552208483219147,
0.3362373113632202,
-0.008144639432430267,
-0.5870569944381714,
-1.276110053062439,
1.1922860145568848,
-0.9341682195663452,
0.439147412776947,
0.6695098876953125,
1.3012480735778809,
-0.0037608295679092407,
0.8116918802261353,
-0.08641200512647629,
-0.0761520266532898,
-0.9066553711891174,
0.2669696807861328,
0.8235112428665161,
1.3895153999328613,
-0.44646069407463074,
-1.0044068098068237,
-0.19258910417556763,
0.2628062963485718,
0.06067457050085068,
0.16875150799751282,
0.22013336420059204,
1.0357029438018799,
-0.9126689434051514,
-0.734605073928833,
-0.23827916383743286,
0.5756863355636597,
1.4348723888397217,
-0.23218318819999695,
-0.2762269079685211,
0.22573044896125793,
0.260802686214447,
-0.10623478889465332,
0.49663615226745605,
0.023459535092115402,
0.17895188927650452,
0.7724195122718811,
-1.250003457069397,
0.6649060845375061,
0.007530984468758106,
0.43991267681121826,
0.04022611677646637,
-0.26879581809043884,
1.0173641443252563,
-0.2916114926338196,
0.4646139144897461,
0.025236006826162338,
-0.328521192073822,
1.159427523612976,
0.6060245633125305,
-0.8347824215888977,
-0.11262942850589752,
0.017490766942501068,
-0.01094546914100647,
-0.06468290090560913,
0.6208114624023438,
-0.9338269233703613,
-0.31166332960128784,
1.4112355709075928,
-0.08222948014736176,
-0.2846848964691162,
-0.04748331010341644,
-1.282050609588623,
0.4434811770915985,
-1.1242282390594482,
0.653283953666687,
0.9117417335510254,
0.12234582006931305,
-0.6114955544471741,
0.009304318577051163,
-0.5010631680488586,
0.5749973654747009,
0.36547279357910156,
-0.2563254237174988,
-0.9851358532905579,
0.5072447061538696,
0.4968107342720032,
-0.18987852334976196,
-0.616168737411499,
1.2827844619750977,
-1.4220855236053467,
-0.23397299647331238,
-0.8402918577194214,
0.3600178360939026,
-0.19652602076530457,
0.9123308658599854,
-0.4091308116912842,
0.018970906734466553,
0.30035436153411865,
-0.38933485746383667,
-0.6070623993873596,
0.7668412923812866,
-0.564967930316925,
-0.43836498260498047,
-0.47515541315078735,
0.5708136558532715,
0.7942162752151489,
-1.2328252792358398
] |
what's the width of one spectral line? | unfortunately, we can't give you an answer like "spectral lines are ___ nm wide". the width of a spectral line *in a gas* depends on many things, including environmental factors: * **natural line broadening**: this spectral line broadening arises as a result of heisenberg's uncertainty principle between energy and time. the lifetime of the excited stated produces uncertainty in the energy of the state in a way that a short excited lifetime results in a large uncertainty in energy and vice a versa. this is the width of the spectral line in the absence of any perturbations to the emission process. * **doppler (or thermal) broadening**: this is a result of the fact that the atoms emitting the light are whizzing around with some speed. you will observe a photon emitted from an atom whizzing toward you to be blue shifted while a photon emitted from an atom whizzing away from you will be red shifted. the collection of blue shifted and red shifted photons serves to broaden the spectral line. * **pressure (or collisional) broadening**: this is the result of atoms colliding with one another. if an atom in an excited state collides with another atom, it can prematurely emit a photon. this interrupts the natural emission process as described by natural line broadening and effectively shortens the emission lifetime of the excited state, producing an uncertainty in the energy of the released photon. | 13 | [] | [] | [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protonium",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/math/6/8/3/68321a645c450466d3dba020fd17b653.png"
] | [
-2.7058308124542236,
1.7674217224121094,
1.6358532905578613,
3.1933627128601074,
0.07078102231025696,
-1.6230432987213135,
3.153062105178833,
0.17369873821735382,
1.4004433155059814,
-1.1299158334732056,
1.699056625366211,
-1.3114744424819946,
-1.665033221244812,
-0.49274691939353943,
2.146939992904663,
2.7156319618225098,
-2.5090463161468506,
0.0007072389125823975,
-7.599358558654785,
0.48290953040122986,
1.912834882736206,
-1.653573989868164,
-3.043940782546997,
-0.6817871332168579,
-1.1992316246032715,
0.48763829469680786,
1.582891583442688,
-2.1806447505950928,
2.6034083366394043,
1.4992337226867676,
0.8519839644432068,
1.3512216806411743,
-2.338857412338257,
1.4134244918823242,
-0.12591400742530823,
-0.8335449695587158,
-0.3708353638648987,
-0.3459920585155487,
1.614441990852356,
0.8207875490188599,
0.6550527215003967,
0.2976650893688202,
-0.7650832533836365,
0.9730042219161987,
-1.8068196773529053,
-0.07812265306711197,
1.6283462047576904,
-0.1820390820503235,
-2.4809775352478027,
-2.9381701946258545,
-3.0758399963378906,
1.368245005607605,
-3.2116568088531494,
-1.5390304327011108,
-2.378504514694214,
1.62925386428833,
1.6574081182479858,
-2.334439277648926,
-0.38326573371887207,
-4.501711845397949,
-0.031005986034870148,
-1.8427785634994507,
-1.1533409357070923,
1.6965346336364746,
2.6757335662841797,
-0.6361284255981445,
0.39317965507507324,
-1.681849479675293,
-0.42056238651275635,
1.5535823106765747,
1.0135853290557861,
1.385628342628479,
-2.419320821762085,
-0.36887842416763306,
0.7686644792556763,
-1.8277606964111328,
0.6355752944946289,
4.540613651275635,
1.4150276184082031,
0.33496254682540894,
3.7969822883605957,
-4.924681186676025,
-3.2017695903778076,
-0.923243522644043,
-1.6273943185806274,
3.499621629714966,
0.6846086978912354,
-3.378155469894409,
0.5786387920379639,
-0.35667258501052856,
-2.257266044616699,
-3.6658358573913574,
-1.21372389793396,
1.832351803779602,
0.297096312046051,
0.5866221785545349,
2.2971060276031494,
-3.9154951572418213,
0.9838769435882568,
3.3294239044189453,
0.18515515327453613,
0.301315575838089,
-5.896753311157227,
1.457893967628479,
-3.821044921875,
0.47612884640693665,
0.11363841593265533,
2.144037961959839,
-0.17121237516403198,
0.8085505366325378,
1.4752693176269531,
-1.8116838932037354,
1.3842687606811523,
-1.518616795539856,
-0.8469363451004028,
-1.3587327003479004,
1.97150719165802,
3.056652545928955,
-1.8959219455718994,
-0.7793487310409546,
-2.3427581787109375,
0.711211085319519,
0.6916414499282837,
0.13400767743587494,
0.1541411429643631,
-0.7846364974975586,
2.789863109588623,
0.9605588912963867,
1.0613396167755127,
-0.03799692541360855,
0.957234799861908,
-0.5720652341842651,
-1.675133466720581,
1.7767411470413208,
-2.5478529930114746,
-0.5581506490707397,
1.8472585678100586,
-1.6634989976882935,
-1.243740200996399,
1.4747190475463867,
1.7522096633911133,
-0.4887770712375641,
1.5195063352584839,
-1.221923589706421,
0.7917753458023071,
0.09725789725780487,
0.6751914620399475,
1.0734471082687378,
-1.3527272939682007,
0.11796192824840546,
-1.910715103149414,
-0.6528791189193726,
-1.1406400203704834,
-2.913356304168701,
2.450573205947876,
-0.12117129564285278,
0.38452965021133423,
2.0095150470733643,
-1.3532413244247437,
3.611435890197754,
-1.1555049419403076,
1.9270474910736084,
0.7281960248947144,
1.0003492832183838,
-0.7069741487503052,
0.45380106568336487,
0.786492109298706,
-2.0035276412963867,
1.3291141986846924,
1.0266368389129639,
0.08060240745544434,
-1.0066395998001099,
0.45724737644195557,
-0.7439029216766357,
-1.0248404741287231,
-0.0965232253074646,
-3.0315442085266113,
0.5953356027603149,
-1.4180400371551514,
1.2838584184646606,
1.755637764930725,
0.7708436846733093,
4.6628828048706055,
1.520944595336914,
2.869276285171509,
-0.40596359968185425,
0.6314148902893066,
-0.1906965672969818,
-1.2322056293487549,
-1.655810832977295,
-1.4903717041015625,
-1.533090353012085,
0.4094640612602234,
2.951354742050171,
-1.8129254579544067,
-0.24540746212005615,
-1.3106989860534668,
-1.0623499155044556,
-0.8698762059211731,
1.6594163179397583,
1.2209498882293701,
-1.0332691669464111,
0.7435342669487,
-0.0490170419216156,
-0.7308000326156616,
-0.10487228631973267,
1.604931116104126,
1.693490982055664,
-3.473327398300171,
-0.6697694063186646,
-0.5682915449142456,
-5.955857276916504,
-3.604017972946167,
-0.4360962510108948,
-1.8722538948059082,
-1.9627342224121094,
-2.3214495182037354,
-3.4794952869415283,
0.3887949585914612,
0.16631929576396942,
4.522841453552246,
1.4550130367279053,
-1.9354417324066162,
-3.774707555770874,
-0.2203233242034912,
-2.65501070022583,
-3.570619821548462,
5.301436901092529,
1.171614408493042,
-0.5825603008270264,
-1.0868579149246216,
1.5111651420593262,
-1.2195552587509155,
2.176267147064209,
2.740342378616333,
0.3217196762561798,
-3.7867090702056885,
0.26720312237739563,
-1.3586993217468262,
-2.4024977684020996,
2.2071292400360107,
0.7388125061988831,
1.2465837001800537,
0.051383763551712036,
0.44355863332748413,
-0.5801035165786743,
0.11128571629524231,
0.0545634925365448,
-0.7126316428184509,
1.864640712738037,
1.3291634321212769,
-1.1859265565872192,
-1.7493970394134521,
1.0450834035873413,
0.5099348425865173,
0.5592267513275146,
-1.3377807140350342,
-0.9557577967643738,
-1.068678379058838,
0.50434410572052,
3.8646740913391113,
-0.0936191976070404,
-0.08828723430633545,
-1.4096229076385498,
-0.1367798149585724,
2.919379472732544,
3.1998939514160156,
1.805893898010254,
1.2518835067749023,
0.34400373697280884,
0.521851658821106,
1.3981393575668335,
-2.3721213340759277,
-0.3659290075302124,
2.4923958778381348,
-1.3350149393081665,
0.16519320011138916,
1.3896543979644775,
-2.364049196243286,
0.07863420248031616,
-0.085173100233078,
1.0579341650009155,
1.5407582521438599,
1.0894050598144531,
0.5692408680915833,
-1.204656958580017,
0.8880369663238525,
-0.6235703825950623,
0.6348835229873657,
-2.3584468364715576,
-0.2454833984375,
3.8601226806640625,
4.757293224334717,
-0.18465158343315125,
2.3944313526153564,
0.8158670663833618,
-1.9484719038009644,
2.089789867401123,
0.08019585907459259,
-0.5441765785217285,
0.5827838778495789,
-2.6487295627593994,
-0.4985566735267639,
0.1917787492275238,
-3.0179474353790283,
0.15955844521522522,
1.8744709491729736,
-0.7582977414131165,
1.5592083930969238,
-2.631943464279175,
-1.4446423053741455,
-2.9687414169311523,
0.4184728264808655,
0.40462708473205566,
-4.700963497161865,
1.4879266023635864,
0.4159223437309265,
0.8372498750686646,
3.1258771419525146,
-0.4797953963279724,
2.5374021530151367,
-0.6124131679534912,
0.31226813793182373,
-0.1090131625533104,
4.87594747543335,
-1.1830849647521973,
0.1257677972316742,
-1.2376657724380493,
-0.6148729920387268,
-2.567255973815918,
-0.6336485147476196,
1.2248210906982422,
1.8081787824630737,
2.408647298812866,
5.701982021331787,
2.264975070953369,
-3.849241256713867,
-2.008291721343994,
-0.13850533962249756,
1.9876526594161987,
1.283365249633789,
-0.2988596558570862,
1.3015879392623901,
2.18833065032959,
1.0037785768508911,
-0.049307066947221756,
0.03549809008836746,
1.6912024021148682,
-2.5234811305999756,
1.5218602418899536,
-2.498404026031494,
3.010420799255371,
3.751068353652954,
2.6849589347839355,
-0.8578951954841614,
-1.7359437942504883,
0.3191285729408264,
0.23143872618675232,
1.0941836833953857,
2.4313783645629883,
-2.6056807041168213,
1.5667598247528076,
0.5286945104598999,
4.433202743530273,
-1.37923002243042,
1.5269615650177002,
0.5357798337936401,
-0.7000100612640381,
-1.7713648080825806,
4.329493999481201,
-0.42171409726142883,
3.375786066055298,
0.48807036876678467,
-3.9023876190185547,
0.06273362040519714,
-4.518014430999756,
-0.47632429003715515,
1.2175564765930176,
-4.754645347595215,
-1.7798211574554443,
1.3253923654556274,
1.5957356691360474,
0.23912695050239563,
1.6303443908691406
] |
|
i have a decent computer that sits at idle 99% of the time - is there any programs/algorithms i can run that can aid research? | i could mine bit-currency and i'd get £5 a day or so - but id rather be putting the energy cost into something more directly beneficial to people. sort of like 'charitable computing'. i've heard of protein folding simulators or something like that for android phones. i just wondered if you had any recommendations for software like that for a windows pc. thanks for your time :) | folding@home is probably one of the better ones out there, seti@home is still around there, but as computers got more advanced they have been able to get servers that can process all their loads without distributed processing, [i'd probably recommend a different bionic application](_url_0_), seti@home now actually just does a higher detail second pass on the seti data. also, your computer is idle, but understand an idle computer uses less power than a non-idle power. many of these projects can result in a significant increase in your power bill. | 21 | [] | [] | [
"https://boinc.berkeley.edu/",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_folding",
"http://fah-web.stanford.edu/papers/SnowNature2002.pdf",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_distributed_computing_projects#Active_projects",
"http://setiathome.berkeley.edu",
"http://folding.stanford.edu"
] | [
-1.8327661752700806,
0.23399123549461365,
-0.3552234172821045,
-0.05934464931488037,
0.2977735996246338,
-2.0172224044799805,
-0.5818060636520386,
-0.21115124225616455,
-0.24106696248054504,
0.6557794809341431,
-0.45980480313301086,
2.463143825531006,
0.4586688280105591,
-1.1011358499526978,
-0.12591907382011414,
0.23038645088672638,
0.49163708090782166,
-0.4323098361492157,
-0.7844935059547424,
0.7395215630531311,
0.38355591893196106,
-0.9393448829650879,
0.0985555648803711,
-0.6677228212356567,
0.3060529828071594,
0.18221831321716309,
-0.09219719469547272,
0.40167292952537537,
0.026598922908306122,
-0.3977363109588623,
0.19112972915172577,
0.605919599533081,
0.42686522006988525,
-0.043276138603687286,
-0.03840532898902893,
0.8216050267219543,
0.4327183961868286,
-0.5925791263580322,
-0.4244563579559326,
-1.4951077699661255,
-0.6060401797294617,
-0.06911757588386536,
0.12413400411605835,
1.267799973487854,
-0.5516422986984253,
0.81291264295578,
0.3092060685157776,
0.24661581218242645,
-0.26211225986480713,
-0.5560169816017151,
0.40934574604034424,
1.0397186279296875,
-0.30827099084854126,
-0.16432899236679077,
0.19584135711193085,
-0.420956015586853,
0.22478827834129333,
-0.11202201247215271,
-0.6568120718002319,
0.3449358344078064,
0.326358824968338,
-0.779509425163269,
-0.1464313119649887,
-0.05657448619604111,
1.2676104307174683,
0.9965811967849731,
1.1610082387924194,
-0.6134405732154846,
-0.2989208698272705,
-0.3145621418952942,
-1.2185759544372559,
-0.18743734061717987,
-0.7419538497924805,
-0.6354842782020569,
0.40617886185646057,
-0.5821464657783508,
-1.763688325881958,
0.18821020424365997,
1.548478364944458,
0.014839574694633484,
-0.617313027381897,
-0.6359168291091919,
-0.7903507947921753,
-0.20446808636188507,
0.6263589859008789,
0.10342016816139221,
0.7953438758850098,
-0.9865725040435791,
0.8343800902366638,
-0.5488451719284058,
-0.197626531124115,
0.17059144377708435,
0.09646525979042053,
0.23808781802654266,
-0.6003479361534119,
-0.5609130859375,
1.148747444152832,
-0.9448822140693665,
-0.15178807079792023,
0.5670713782310486,
-0.7632257342338562,
0.14626938104629517,
-0.6145035028457642,
-0.38087111711502075,
-0.29448944330215454,
-1.8303238153457642,
0.17989696562290192,
2.166530132293701,
-0.7331755757331848,
-0.24251452088356018,
0.2712586224079132,
-0.5651663541793823,
-0.7356934547424316,
0.07179272174835205,
0.2856992185115814,
0.49397265911102295,
-0.8466925621032715,
0.07567460089921951,
0.3513852655887604,
-0.669448733329773,
0.5463478565216064,
-0.0833655595779419,
-0.2293548583984375,
-0.573536217212677,
0.2555679380893707,
-0.27349382638931274,
0.5396125912666321,
1.0585064888000488,
-0.49356141686439514,
-0.0473024919629097,
-0.85792076587677,
0.7224401235580444,
0.8484694361686707,
-0.20173752307891846,
0.1531139612197876,
1.434395670890808,
-0.7594614028930664,
-1.2861289978027344,
-0.10463814437389374,
1.3712620735168457,
0.9655766487121582,
1.7138073444366455,
1.5814971923828125,
-1.2124054431915283,
0.789794921875,
1.277525544166565,
0.6910933256149292,
0.03614120930433273,
-0.2639704942703247,
-0.06828555464744568,
1.398430347442627,
-0.2699795663356781,
1.4446028470993042,
-0.8358367085456848,
-0.21990659832954407,
0.1499648243188858,
0.1745685636997223,
0.25171566009521484,
0.9230634570121765,
-0.660284698009491,
-0.6406908631324768,
1.2297425270080566,
-0.6384976506233215,
0.2206326425075531,
0.808962345123291,
-0.8561919927597046,
0.21808962523937225,
-0.09923487901687622,
-1.1098796129226685,
1.2133666276931763,
0.5688025951385498,
-1.3145954608917236,
-0.5568084120750427,
-1.5623714923858643,
0.7178546190261841,
0.30800750851631165,
0.4534471035003662,
0.649956464767456,
-0.8239407539367676,
0.8837637305259705,
-0.023101016879081726,
0.34488093852996826,
-0.19368869066238403,
0.2483525276184082,
-0.6271889805793762,
0.28933894634246826,
1.4835015535354614,
1.4899351596832275,
-0.9623260498046875,
-0.0453813374042511,
-2.0310394763946533,
0.05619889497756958,
0.5230695009231567,
0.5523053407669067,
0.11024370789527893,
-1.3001048564910889,
0.26407942175865173,
1.3903783559799194,
0.8150708079338074,
-0.5079532265663147,
-0.018293797969818115,
0.6377392411231995,
-0.08033425360918045,
1.2344375848770142,
-0.7612989544868469,
0.13901259005069733,
-2.147083282470703,
-0.8791513442993164,
-0.053625136613845825,
-0.8405718207359314,
-0.6600785255432129,
-0.2848367989063263,
-0.5449563264846802,
-0.028350278735160828,
-0.467100590467453,
0.299186646938324,
-0.9816180467605591,
-0.06948976218700409,
-0.5029593110084534,
-0.04975318908691406,
0.4760255217552185,
-1.3543437719345093,
0.09556353092193604,
-1.16042160987854,
-0.1079099103808403,
-0.27142608165740967,
-0.8081993460655212,
1.2539511919021606,
0.46399104595184326,
-0.03234228491783142,
0.868805468082428,
-1.0628328323364258,
0.32186606526374817,
0.2613116204738617,
-0.20014217495918274,
0.6281144618988037,
-0.021191880106925964,
0.03999149799346924,
-0.38683581352233887,
0.5882883071899414,
-0.7623029947280884,
-1.525686264038086,
-0.4159789979457855,
0.06036575138568878,
0.10334905982017517,
1.340206265449524,
0.1440078169107437,
0.008865833282470703,
1.1987404823303223,
-0.27245092391967773,
-1.9195936918258667,
1.616767406463623,
-0.7123048305511475,
0.045121610164642334,
-0.015185028314590454,
0.4605759084224701,
-0.5795186161994934,
0.6337270140647888,
-0.24238771200180054,
-1.1131823062896729,
0.26176607608795166,
0.010888010263442993,
1.2351975440979004,
0.4690473973751068,
1.5442228317260742,
0.09157678484916687,
-0.04487130045890808,
1.1014430522918701,
-0.33748549222946167,
-0.6211473941802979,
-1.67599356174469,
-0.19389693439006805,
0.4405435025691986,
-0.0763087123632431,
1.4451465606689453,
0.24925385415554047,
1.0900980234146118,
-0.2279631495475769,
-0.5538228750228882,
0.8312332034111023,
0.47589415311813354,
0.6016139984130859,
-0.30187830328941345,
1.029065728187561,
0.7200549244880676,
-1.7419861555099487,
0.442637175321579,
-0.3433005213737488,
0.49727246165275574,
-0.9542775750160217,
0.43202582001686096,
-0.6619079113006592,
0.8007009029388428,
-0.7823365926742554,
-0.38513118028640747,
-0.5828801393508911,
0.06639838218688965,
-0.7052821516990662,
-0.8477053046226501,
0.384968101978302,
0.5324228405952454,
-0.0800071656703949,
-0.013768404722213745,
0.4590877294540405,
-0.4622761309146881,
0.12964114546775818,
0.9801424741744995,
-1.013704538345337,
0.7374730706214905,
-1.5115966796875,
1.5171271562576294,
-0.21621593832969666,
0.2258046269416809,
-0.44360581040382385,
-1.2057557106018066,
0.9373605251312256,
-0.9548269510269165,
0.6671870946884155,
-0.5726388096809387,
0.43736234307289124,
-0.10931023955345154,
0.10895130038261414,
0.12727852165699005,
1.2337770462036133,
0.6169592142105103,
-0.4029109477996826,
0.22884666919708252,
0.5678694844245911,
-0.15050294995307922,
-1.4006643295288086,
1.7609214782714844,
-0.8515326976776123,
-0.40319323539733887,
0.14375945925712585,
0.5413601994514465,
-0.09450624883174896,
0.06539183855056763,
0.2628934979438782,
-1.4423551559448242,
-0.3796977400779724,
-0.30092501640319824,
-0.5646618008613586,
-0.21529711782932281,
0.83795565366745,
0.49267125129699707,
0.3017449676990509,
0.16683009266853333,
0.6782155632972717,
-0.029343247413635254,
-0.626605749130249,
-0.4517146348953247,
0.06027933955192566,
0.9128943085670471,
-0.31896111369132996,
0.7818933725357056,
1.3878231048583984,
-0.3864037096500397,
0.20560206472873688,
-0.549613893032074,
0.036856263875961304,
0.4146406054496765,
-0.9297171831130981,
-0.547737717628479,
0.9607858657836914,
-0.5139423608779907,
-0.024388134479522705,
-1.1494128704071045,
-0.759685754776001,
-0.03884264826774597,
0.112050861120224,
0.548907995223999,
1.3054873943328857,
0.26168352365493774,
1.1857320070266724,
0.5919032692909241,
-1.3599170446395874,
-0.2596628665924072,
-1.24369215965271,
-0.74225914478302,
2.2209460735321045,
1.307483434677124,
0.40417495369911194,
0.83000248670578,
0.3306345045566559
] |
if two people practiced guitar every day for a year on the exact same practice schedule, but one of them was drunk every time he practiced, would one of them end up being better than the other? | the subjectivity of the individual's reactions to alcohol, the amount of alcohol in their system and their cognitive response aren't really quantified here and can't really be given any kind of empirical answer. that said, the concept of state-dependant learning doesn't necessarily mean the drunk player would be better or worse than the sober player (technical vs natural talent), but the drunk player would likely play worse while sober than being drunk: _url_0_ | 5 | [] | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State-dependent_learning"
] | [
0.3376883268356323,
0.24286699295043945,
0.2701501250267029,
-0.8075041174888611,
0.5738055109977722,
-0.14763449132442474,
1.7301101684570312,
0.812593936920166,
0.3409936726093292,
0.25868910551071167,
0.9651645421981812,
-0.7038005590438843,
-0.422447144985199,
0.2636880874633789,
1.4565527439117432,
0.10028164833784103,
-0.4768581986427307,
-0.429644376039505,
-1.3773123025894165,
0.8652222156524658,
0.9737468361854553,
-0.30173593759536743,
0.15517503023147583,
-0.2483995258808136,
0.15496668219566345,
0.5045614242553711,
0.5136882066726685,
0.508722186088562,
-0.1561194360256195,
0.1711263656616211,
0.6167014241218567,
1.2388277053833008,
-0.019212260842323303,
-1.018114686012268,
-1.624469518661499,
-0.48084554076194763,
-0.33314985036849976,
0.4730657935142517,
-0.5578017234802246,
-1.2001689672470093,
0.6703191995620728,
-0.7049850225448608,
-0.3238515853881836,
0.38891375064849854,
-1.0901775360107422,
0.3515138626098633,
-0.04491257667541504,
-0.5940089225769043,
-0.22912633419036865,
-0.33487486839294434,
-0.3761369585990906,
0.4290013313293457,
0.4388819634914398,
0.3184701204299927,
0.03997866064310074,
-0.24198511242866516,
-0.08040329813957214,
0.4617573618888855,
-1.0312228202819824,
1.6745882034301758,
-0.48527106642723083,
0.6497284173965454,
-0.9177013039588928,
0.5097254514694214,
0.8165808916091919,
-0.39865565299987793,
-0.17886769771575928,
0.538877546787262,
-1.4024429321289062,
0.2686425447463989,
0.6918432712554932,
-0.1411474347114563,
0.06109835207462311,
-0.6733764410018921,
-0.0035243630409240723,
-0.023858800530433655,
-1.4231727123260498,
0.530521035194397,
-0.15188780426979065,
0.9011937379837036,
0.6275609731674194,
-1.3610950708389282,
-0.9767055511474609,
-0.47799554467201233,
-0.06524556875228882,
-0.4577661156654358,
-0.18599122762680054,
-1.0942175388336182,
0.5368001461029053,
1.1733357906341553,
-1.509766697883606,
-0.4180619418621063,
1.2916216850280762,
-0.4300510287284851,
1.5277734994888306,
0.6106765270233154,
-0.08924858272075653,
-0.3551163673400879,
-0.37886545062065125,
0.5345005989074707,
-1.125639796257019,
1.9358389377593994,
-1.079990029335022,
0.35643523931503296,
1.066927433013916,
-1.1304715871810913,
-0.17450621724128723,
0.4543505907058716,
0.1283644139766693,
-0.04756070673465729,
-0.5796666741371155,
-0.47792112827301025,
0.19613546133041382,
-0.21506081521511078,
0.5580447316169739,
1.0538780689239502,
-0.4615105390548706,
0.6691910028457642,
-0.7300922870635986,
-1.4388923645019531,
0.10691617429256439,
0.49836552143096924,
0.3105018734931946,
0.6406987309455872,
0.4035177230834961,
0.6441846489906311,
-0.4429633617401123,
0.8109153509140015,
0.02613549306988716,
-0.06498543918132782,
0.11847846955060959,
-0.17749947309494019,
1.1741900444030762,
-0.33820798993110657,
-0.6812392473220825,
0.053591519594192505,
1.037604570388794,
-1.180783748626709,
-0.3650769591331482,
-0.18229365348815918,
0.9265806674957275,
1.8513975143432617,
0.8698077201843262,
1.2459144592285156,
-0.8870892524719238,
0.4394987225532532,
-0.48226428031921387,
-0.5248069167137146,
0.4003232419490814,
-1.1299078464508057,
0.12000775337219238,
0.030909113585948944,
-1.0506778955459595,
-0.8135195970535278,
-0.5754660964012146,
-0.591231107711792,
0.7643319368362427,
-0.4287095069885254,
-1.0034172534942627,
1.0823910236358643,
0.46491342782974243,
0.40260300040245056,
1.3162442445755005,
0.22026808559894562,
1.1469272375106812,
0.864998459815979,
-0.6614535450935364,
-1.089693546295166,
0.544029176235199,
0.6980239152908325,
0.5575038194656372,
-0.2643636465072632,
-0.7126337885856628,
-0.13092923164367676,
-0.8911022543907166,
-1.3714553117752075,
-1.1558144092559814,
0.7656392455101013,
-0.5146077275276184,
0.29665231704711914,
1.3135623931884766,
0.055473268032073975,
-0.6023483872413635,
0.29156219959259033,
-1.2413814067840576,
0.19771522283554077,
-0.48539841175079346,
0.5084720849990845,
0.08565640449523926,
0.3836434483528137,
-0.9276498556137085,
-0.3503360450267792,
-1.0177639722824097,
0.2952408790588379,
-0.001535177230834961,
-1.3053455352783203,
0.26412928104400635,
-1.2410144805908203,
0.5000410676002502,
0.5926237106323242,
-0.9946870803833008,
0.10434708744287491,
0.024687595665454865,
-0.6094316244125366,
-0.8236662149429321,
-0.4983239769935608,
-0.376630038022995,
-0.6153017282485962,
-0.4691351652145386,
-0.74884432554245,
-0.31676313281059265,
-0.4342704117298126,
-0.2212172895669937,
-0.11639374494552612,
0.3654896318912506,
-1.3443470001220703,
-0.7985181212425232,
0.03669915348291397,
-0.5115004181861877,
0.9016247987747192,
-0.5961242914199829,
-1.1339266300201416,
0.7351891398429871,
-0.4292333722114563,
-0.11804388463497162,
0.6807035803794861,
-0.4399339556694031,
0.9934625625610352,
1.1481220722198486,
0.7908185720443726,
1.553748607635498,
0.9490633010864258,
1.5274713039398193,
0.5692568421363831,
-1.076265573501587,
0.16475754976272583,
0.1568303257226944,
0.23196294903755188,
0.4689458906650543,
-0.4996582567691803,
-0.8742559552192688,
0.5177658200263977,
-0.0324520617723465,
0.38553470373153687,
-0.02601706236600876,
0.0360463485121727,
0.30376631021499634,
-0.7247745990753174,
-0.2518509328365326,
0.2303285151720047,
-0.5946558117866516,
0.7645318508148193,
-1.3158223628997803,
0.45300593972206116,
0.9031906127929688,
1.6039583683013916,
-1.2836636304855347,
-1.2548420429229736,
-0.6678406596183777,
0.3974539041519165,
0.3801317811012268,
0.49008727073669434,
-1.9550085067749023,
-1.6617921590805054,
1.3376216888427734,
-0.5450588464736938,
-1.9007019996643066,
-0.31073564291000366,
-0.05060242488980293,
-0.24049681425094604,
-0.35123199224472046,
-2.3718302249908447,
0.5675672888755798,
-0.29158109426498413,
1.324975609779358,
0.12515977025032043,
-0.6397213935852051,
0.5204887390136719,
-0.14020434021949768,
-1.7184255123138428,
1.2009919881820679,
-1.7540632486343384,
-0.6525101065635681,
0.003945395350456238,
0.2720187306404114,
-0.1281753033399582,
-0.5830028653144836,
-1.6941218376159668,
0.01773703843355179,
-0.4821217656135559,
-0.8032248020172119,
2.2268459796905518,
0.461561918258667,
-0.8285712003707886,
0.9539023041725159,
-1.2129931449890137,
-0.17497919499874115,
0.8585976362228394,
-1.2220027446746826,
-0.17712558805942535,
-0.9762110114097595,
0.4092850387096405,
0.5303176641464233,
0.3659215569496155,
-0.45833855867385864,
0.2354615181684494,
-1.027875304222107,
0.3043864667415619,
0.25080448389053345,
0.5910457968711853,
0.8862272500991821,
-1.7951409816741943,
0.268677681684494,
0.24827080965042114,
-0.2696428894996643,
1.326148509979248,
-1.1089305877685547,
0.4181344509124756,
-0.13839571177959442,
1.4074681997299194,
0.4614829421043396,
-0.5474420189857483,
-0.43721911311149597,
1.8671813011169434,
-0.12068511545658112,
0.630753219127655,
-0.7234447598457336,
-1.1308718919754028,
-1.5817375183105469,
0.36768239736557007,
0.6555832624435425,
1.053931713104248,
1.478231430053711,
0.1111428439617157,
0.5434845089912415,
0.08531451225280762,
-0.2589101791381836,
0.2297556847333908,
-0.8826117515563965,
0.4548630714416504,
-0.21946187317371368,
0.7651206254959106,
-0.3889431655406952,
0.33296775817871094,
0.4465436637401581,
-0.33345210552215576,
0.30981534719467163,
-0.1517840325832367,
-0.5436367392539978,
0.5797739624977112,
-0.10089763253927231,
2.227510929107666,
-0.23617012798786163,
0.11499274522066116,
1.256346583366394,
-0.8878099918365479,
0.005489140748977661,
-0.816124677658081,
-0.14746636152267456,
0.8753601312637329,
-1.5026835203170776,
-1.5207065343856812,
-0.1701938807964325,
1.8132281303405762,
1.6645833253860474,
0.840094268321991,
-0.07622861862182617,
-0.6863344311714172,
0.20422104001045227,
0.7471967935562134,
0.37572574615478516,
1.7861437797546387,
-0.10001001507043839,
-0.1817377656698227,
0.5336475968360901,
-0.7600134611129761,
-1.4759113788604736,
0.6483331322669983,
-1.2853622436523438,
-0.9047021269798279,
1.1524498462677002,
1.19510018825531,
2.0063693523406982,
-0.26002073287963867
] |
|
a question about fermat's principle of least time: what is the proper way to think about "what happens" when light moves to satisfy a global, rather than local, optimization problem. do you take it as a given behavior of light, an axiom, or as something that can be further explained? | when introduced to the concept, i was told that the light somehow "knew" to act like this, and that we can essentially take that as a property of light, axiomatically. then i was told that it can be explained as a consequence of huygen's theorem and constructive interference (although, i was never shown the explanation). then i was told that in qed, it again is just taken as an axiom! what do you think is the most physically reasonable way to justify this apparent global-not-local character that light has? is it really just an axiom you take as true? | the principle of [least action](_url_2_) extends much beyond the fermat principle. even if you can find an explanation for light, it will presumably not help to justify that the same principle applies to all particles in the standard model, as well as all extensions beyond the standard model. feynman demonstrated [how the path integral](_url_3_) generalizes this principle to quantum mechanics. this in essence has very much to do with the [superposition principle](_url_1_) which stems from the linearity of the differential equations, but also underlies the [geometrical interpretation](_url_0_) of the axioms of quantum mechanics. you can see that on the one hand, it is certainly crucial to develop a good understanding of the interconnections between all the different aspects of this central notion in abstract mechanics, but it would also be disingenuous to claim that we can "derive" this principle. instead, it is very much a fundamental notion and is as close to an "axiom" of physics as one can ever find. | 5 | [] | [] | [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_formulation_of_quantum_mechanics",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_superposition",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_least_action",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Path_integral_formulation",
"http://www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/I_26.html"
] | [
-2.4934566020965576,
0.7458202838897705,
-0.26020315289497375,
0.14819002151489258,
0.03738390654325485,
0.316403865814209,
-0.18698018789291382,
0.24429383873939514,
2.149660110473633,
-0.5046932697296143,
1.1347230672836304,
0.2656839191913605,
-1.048469066619873,
2.506272315979004,
2.1447551250457764,
-0.736267626285553,
0.09949891269207001,
-0.6799935102462769,
-4.122185707092285,
-0.12692593038082123,
2.5626437664031982,
0.09882348775863647,
-0.7726061940193176,
0.17349068820476532,
-2.6630334854125977,
-1.5245590209960938,
1.2237744331359863,
-1.2579467296600342,
1.7714664936065674,
-1.151989459991455,
0.04937459155917168,
2.1283648014068604,
-1.794610857963562,
0.06753836572170258,
-1.3225831985473633,
-0.38381490111351013,
0.5878880023956299,
-1.5073717832565308,
1.1392202377319336,
0.30060306191444397,
-0.49208199977874756,
0.8388415575027466,
-0.7481075525283813,
0.9351650476455688,
0.019497931003570557,
-0.27707916498184204,
1.5191187858581543,
-0.16295172274112701,
-0.09686841070652008,
-1.4451234340667725,
-1.141205906867981,
1.5299880504608154,
-1.0180062055587769,
0.021706588566303253,
0.4600342810153961,
1.1125423908233643,
0.9486767649650574,
-1.664589524269104,
-0.64226895570755,
-2.878659248352051,
0.7352688908576965,
0.7357677221298218,
-1.9249727725982666,
0.24654415249824524,
4.223570346832275,
-0.44336453080177307,
0.6944071650505066,
-1.0638598203659058,
-0.7116736173629761,
3.911499500274658,
-0.7021826505661011,
-0.4916751980781555,
-0.774989664554596,
1.3658454418182373,
1.6014411449432373,
-0.806045413017273,
-0.7797446250915527,
2.941486358642578,
-0.07270406186580658,
0.8624696731567383,
1.5311477184295654,
-0.8156260251998901,
-0.7451410293579102,
1.1714245080947876,
-2.3805906772613525,
2.479281187057495,
-0.21658284962177277,
-0.223852276802063,
0.6188818216323853,
-0.5521102547645569,
-0.2143094390630722,
-2.54364013671875,
-1.7931768894195557,
0.5812029242515564,
1.312402367591858,
1.1141220331192017,
-0.10714349895715714,
-1.0241546630859375,
0.026132047176361084,
0.21593506634235382,
-1.8774131536483765,
2.0446348190307617,
-2.716928720474243,
0.17166768014431,
0.14200380444526672,
-0.46630463004112244,
-0.04595448076725006,
0.4653167724609375,
0.8050311207771301,
0.3091452419757843,
-0.2626837491989136,
-2.219679594039917,
1.1920312643051147,
-1.3171583414077759,
-1.1066826581954956,
-1.861183524131775,
1.6267738342285156,
0.9653052091598511,
1.2497549057006836,
-0.9934219121932983,
-1.3111634254455566,
0.020279213786125183,
1.6460630893707275,
1.1627776622772217,
-0.017460830509662628,
0.19753623008728027,
-0.6022185683250427,
0.8166362643241882,
0.7910377979278564,
0.6221718788146973,
2.0429928302764893,
-1.8522449731826782,
-0.42246463894844055,
0.6164432764053345,
0.5916841626167297,
-1.104889154434204,
2.6157352924346924,
0.787596583366394,
-1.2211763858795166,
2.3109493255615234,
-1.638566255569458,
-0.8430832028388977,
-0.05903185158967972,
0.07072076201438904,
-0.6295240521430969,
0.8680874705314636,
0.9212061762809753,
-0.004132779315114021,
1.3806953430175781,
-0.2948267459869385,
-0.7852739691734314,
-0.9472479224205017,
1.1234252452850342,
-0.5348242521286011,
-0.16651932895183563,
1.811084270477295,
-0.29081934690475464,
-0.9856944680213928,
-0.9626243114471436,
2.3112688064575195,
-2.1429378986358643,
2.430201530456543,
1.8536163568496704,
0.09412726759910583,
1.2845895290374756,
1.2328795194625854,
-0.3517439663410187,
-1.7685675621032715,
-0.1121583878993988,
-0.14524592459201813,
0.07397474348545074,
-0.5768385529518127,
-0.016397207975387573,
0.7481842041015625,
-0.260698139667511,
-0.2510022222995758,
-2.2047202587127686,
-2.547006130218506,
-0.1860751211643219,
1.7247182130813599,
1.8656107187271118,
-2.0687522888183594,
2.4312565326690674,
-1.8436505794525146,
-1.03462815284729,
0.9809085130691528,
-0.6133773326873779,
-0.7996314764022827,
-0.4992287755012512,
0.47319984436035156,
0.08224096894264221,
0.4304681420326233,
-0.4342784285545349,
-0.2478223741054535,
-1.8310185670852661,
-0.7044051885604858,
0.8298183679580688,
0.6678904294967651,
-1.274554967880249,
1.2306798696517944,
-1.8242125511169434,
-0.2811664044857025,
2.3090603351593018,
-1.9749231338500977,
-0.5807504057884216,
-0.24954739212989807,
3.331099510192871,
-0.03346891701221466,
-2.8512487411499023,
-0.9028930068016052,
0.4904050827026367,
-2.114556074142456,
-1.3785300254821777,
-0.8635216355323792,
-1.3215537071228027,
1.0423696041107178,
-0.11853218078613281,
-2.2980470657348633,
-2.4921698570251465,
0.37814173102378845,
-0.711371123790741,
1.289838433265686,
-0.5785387754440308,
-1.2785872220993042,
-0.9029104113578796,
-1.1255810260772705,
-0.5395383238792419,
2.5789623260498047,
-1.032524824142456,
0.8440533876419067,
-0.3468649983406067,
-2.870577096939087,
2.5088813304901123,
2.298072576522827,
1.3628267049789429,
0.8570590019226074,
-0.58917236328125,
1.3888704776763916,
-0.46384191513061523,
-2.6067135334014893,
-1.4838756322860718,
-2.804461717605591,
-0.17588895559310913,
0.3966156840324402,
0.4432234764099121,
-0.6050019264221191,
-0.6588084697723389,
-1.0371912717819214,
0.30974507331848145,
0.8086274862289429,
1.266348958015442,
-1.127533197402954,
-0.24398501217365265,
0.8164464831352234,
1.1501134634017944,
0.6438448429107666,
-0.10699332505464554,
-0.8486548662185669,
-1.550513744354248,
1.4870140552520752,
1.2831391096115112,
2.359461545944214,
0.6702202558517456,
-1.3102315664291382,
0.7963554263114929,
1.767202615737915,
1.7294853925704956,
-1.7303211688995361,
0.9067109823226929,
-1.0890079736709595,
0.7204658389091492,
-1.2314648628234863,
-1.0342497825622559,
-1.0203263759613037,
0.6325743794441223,
-1.017166256904602,
1.6232426166534424,
-2.3562021255493164,
-2.278587579727173,
-0.7139310836791992,
0.16302984952926636,
-2.32714581489563,
0.6303303241729736,
-0.6847410798072815,
0.2518484592437744,
0.6881094574928284,
0.5718989372253418,
2.2275378704071045,
0.42699652910232544,
-0.6756199598312378,
-1.326488733291626,
2.44075345993042,
1.177183985710144,
-0.3128284811973572,
0.9744412302970886,
0.21992133557796478,
-0.8105977177619934,
0.4892256259918213,
1.473156452178955,
0.5388475656509399,
2.8474955558776855,
-0.7523496747016907,
-1.611212968826294,
-1.004328966140747,
0.6734169721603394,
-0.3958524465560913,
1.7908302545547485,
0.11256790161132812,
1.36539626121521,
-0.6133290529251099,
-0.8466430902481079,
-0.6175101399421692,
0.6757811903953552,
1.231179118156433,
-1.3310458660125732,
0.7774226665496826,
-2.941854953765869,
2.7205991744995117,
0.8425267934799194,
0.621566116809845,
-0.14850552380084991,
-0.4330471158027649,
-0.8365402221679688,
-1.304534912109375,
-0.08487674593925476,
1.5042204856872559,
-0.5221819877624512,
-1.5994019508361816,
-1.8512827157974243,
1.3005990982055664,
-0.2622106969356537,
2.740551710128784,
0.717901349067688,
0.05198794603347778,
2.392141103744507,
2.3139848709106445,
-0.29188215732574463,
-0.21000052988529205,
-0.5509158372879028,
1.4818377494812012,
2.2072527408599854,
-0.6048151254653931,
0.41015875339508057,
-1.0468120574951172,
1.0005687475204468,
-1.1374175548553467,
-1.5428740978240967,
0.4334483742713928,
-2.104496479034424,
1.6645539999008179,
-0.6175585985183716,
1.7291967868804932,
0.20794910192489624,
2.096834659576416,
0.11032554507255554,
-1.545859932899475,
-0.28244563937187195,
-0.7652490735054016,
-0.8666762113571167,
1.0696402788162231,
-0.2605516314506531,
1.061700701713562,
-1.102597951889038,
2.5055718421936035,
-0.25710415840148926,
1.307886004447937,
0.5234079360961914,
-0.826581597328186,
-1.3277970552444458,
3.053710460662842,
-0.006756871938705444,
3.153320550918579,
-0.7985402941703796,
-1.3078652620315552,
-0.1270490437746048,
-0.4946756660938263,
-0.639082670211792,
-0.8332521319389343,
-4.697988033294678,
-1.326067328453064,
0.8810298442840576,
0.9821196794509888,
2.5824055671691895,
0.06450335681438446
] |
is it possible to be a part time scientist? | you can be a scientist anytime you want to. go investigate something while following the guidelines of the scientific method. or are you asking about being a paid scientist? the answer to that is also yes. i've worked part-time as a researcher in past jobs. is there more to what you are asking? your question is very basic and somewhat out of place in this subreddit. | 2 | [] | [] | [] | [
0.3405991196632385,
0.19674471020698547,
0.4830017685890198,
1.0248419046401978,
0.3922698199748993,
-1.2530672550201416,
-1.1177566051483154,
0.31397244334220886,
-0.4675694406032562,
0.1577043980360031,
0.001956336200237274,
-0.3521994352340698,
-0.6555531024932861,
0.35832083225250244,
-0.1423405408859253,
-0.4353572130203247,
0.5281677842140198,
-1.3294236660003662,
-0.8147094249725342,
0.15989941358566284,
-0.7887054085731506,
0.03524893522262573,
0.22729995846748352,
-0.3835010528564453,
-0.11979731917381287,
-0.5823606252670288,
-0.2637817859649658,
-0.16357474029064178,
-0.6592226624488831,
0.32779401540756226,
-0.9214075803756714,
0.2428751289844513,
-0.4282788336277008,
-0.3780403137207031,
-0.1656404584646225,
0.5695095658302307,
0.39625197649002075,
-0.03010839782655239,
0.07144895195960999,
0.9908460378646851,
-0.1944320797920227,
-0.7523736953735352,
-0.5284852385520935,
0.5469746589660645,
0.3303772211074829,
-0.36028844118118286,
0.13665920495986938,
-0.49595242738723755,
-0.4503471255302429,
0.29480981826782227,
-0.998926043510437,
-0.4146159291267395,
-0.496128112077713,
-0.07599866390228271,
-0.513153076171875,
-0.5139356255531311,
0.2364620864391327,
-0.6028023362159729,
0.05409209430217743,
-0.28370732069015503,
0.17357780039310455,
-0.6550976037979126,
0.18004360795021057,
0.3670085072517395,
-0.07635238021612167,
-0.014814063906669617,
-0.017789475619792938,
-0.007811650633811951,
-0.4249008297920227,
0.6044975519180298,
-0.4756711423397064,
-0.2638799250125885,
-0.5374845266342163,
0.9809508919715881,
0.241416797041893,
-0.2795243263244629,
0.8897081613540649,
-0.33085817098617554,
0.9924969673156738,
-0.35197025537490845,
0.1671297699213028,
-0.255942165851593,
0.06014075130224228,
0.3475976288318634,
-0.20361824333667755,
0.8247857093811035,
-0.09393317997455597,
0.9037585854530334,
-0.03990964591503143,
-0.01139935851097107,
0.14820794761180878,
-0.7790645360946655,
0.44955459237098694,
-0.5250980854034424,
-0.2814401090145111,
0.869519829750061,
0.12018130719661713,
-0.4632854759693146,
0.713887631893158,
-0.011218516156077385,
-1.020146369934082,
-0.3777511715888977,
-0.22700926661491394,
-1.085193157196045,
-0.010000597685575485,
-0.31541159749031067,
-0.1882133185863495,
0.4805362820625305,
0.6895357966423035,
0.25536394119262695,
-0.258845716714859,
0.5697619318962097,
-0.001518748700618744,
-0.31529128551483154,
0.6496137976646423,
-0.07861591875553131,
-0.6597093939781189,
0.03616108000278473,
0.30892622470855713,
0.13523085415363312,
-0.15564925968647003,
0.48202231526374817,
0.3505004644393921,
-0.3550103008747101,
0.6435341835021973,
-0.4662932753562927,
0.023804068565368652,
0.9453169703483582,
0.385784387588501,
0.3716244697570801,
1.3353456258773804,
0.012744687497615814,
-0.6918723583221436,
0.4811229705810547,
-0.17860007286071777,
0.02106892317533493,
0.8824659585952759,
-0.08473965525627136,
0.2991746664047241,
0.6639537811279297,
0.30739733576774597,
0.6123530268669128,
0.17792892456054688,
0.49035608768463135,
0.12051475048065186,
0.7515130639076233,
0.20220457017421722,
0.07996052503585815,
-0.1009833887219429,
-0.6352294087409973,
-0.14932185411453247,
1.1981738805770874,
1.1126452684402466,
-0.14000637829303741,
-0.05084379017353058,
-0.03625735640525818,
0.2869909405708313,
-0.01599709317088127,
-0.4159437417984009,
-0.03868744522333145,
-0.9009643793106079,
-0.11758765578269958,
-0.2797316312789917,
-0.5676424503326416,
0.02746615558862686,
0.049945808947086334,
-0.0602298378944397,
-0.10280267894268036,
0.2651972472667694,
-0.04736809432506561,
0.6287552118301392,
-0.19156518578529358,
0.28234830498695374,
0.08057083189487457,
0.1058872640132904,
0.3296748995780945,
-0.5845914483070374,
0.18655972182750702,
-0.35483336448669434,
0.7214962840080261,
0.4966379404067993,
-0.24812081456184387,
0.8180363178253174,
0.44720447063446045,
-0.3262123763561249,
-0.07936935126781464,
-0.33267998695373535,
0.10682632029056549,
-0.5241586565971375,
0.8778691291809082,
-0.3325631618499756,
0.7858732342720032,
-0.04935653507709503,
-0.06809601187705994,
-0.6902838349342346,
0.3383854925632477,
0.5845951437950134,
-0.04327721893787384,
-0.9509713649749756,
0.06764435768127441,
-0.3212522864341736,
-0.06968290358781815,
-0.02536771446466446,
0.1651214361190796,
-0.19839824736118317,
-0.2796541750431061,
0.8991552591323853,
0.21198469400405884,
-0.005884259939193726,
0.7774853706359863,
-0.04320867359638214,
-0.25148460268974304,
-0.7485686540603638,
0.5859891772270203,
0.3511020541191101,
0.33220648765563965,
-0.03351117670536041,
0.417543888092041,
0.07326187193393707,
0.1591700315475464,
-0.719348669052124,
-0.644684910774231,
0.012644767761230469,
-0.36962592601776123,
-1.0152027606964111,
-0.45767414569854736,
-0.11307838559150696,
0.11880140006542206,
-0.04324539005756378,
0.21088165044784546,
0.576022207736969,
-0.16959498822689056,
0.08082946389913559,
0.24766923487186432,
-0.04914969205856323,
0.21019643545150757,
0.7306241989135742,
-0.39662912487983704,
-0.4092423915863037,
0.4908539354801178,
-1.0294780731201172,
0.016104526817798615,
-1.2366641759872437,
0.09952853620052338,
-0.5583412647247314,
1.2089444398880005,
0.18884611129760742,
-0.04653733968734741,
-0.008972086012363434,
-0.04413372278213501,
0.5361899733543396,
-0.9270893335342407,
-0.35697680711746216,
0.3708493709564209,
-0.3522246181964874,
0.45227983593940735,
-0.7589423656463623,
-0.33481544256210327,
0.38529086112976074,
0.7364879846572876,
0.506013035774231,
-0.8974399566650391,
0.8419895172119141,
-0.09332658350467682,
0.2740511894226074,
0.001291811466217041,
0.19147419929504395,
-0.14390011131763458,
-0.5422815084457397,
-0.6376062631607056,
-0.8054813742637634,
-0.5199509263038635,
-0.07749945670366287,
-0.16249345242977142,
0.1382182091474533,
-1.0143970251083374,
0.37273108959198,
-0.8877224922180176,
-0.34540534019470215,
-0.6417149901390076,
0.6288185715675354,
-0.42020881175994873,
0.6623750925064087,
0.49346089363098145,
0.1112346351146698,
-0.6249996423721313,
0.20302310585975647,
0.6470364332199097,
-0.6558852195739746,
-0.11247530579566956,
0.49778372049331665,
1.5811173915863037,
-0.2773109972476959,
-0.06900858134031296,
0.3601071238517761,
-0.23556533455848694,
0.6197726726531982,
-0.48412659764289856,
0.5104518532752991,
0.11407919228076935,
-0.1360931545495987,
-0.735243022441864,
-0.6768708825111389,
0.19914957880973816,
-0.20216718316078186,
0.2228296995162964,
0.5592513680458069,
0.6971108317375183,
0.08644107729196548,
-0.6391972303390503,
-0.7413791418075562,
-0.08588826656341553,
0.2161247432231903,
-0.7283761501312256,
-0.2653662860393524,
-1.0226998329162598,
-1.3867273330688477,
0.09575474262237549,
0.35520488023757935,
0.3362388014793396,
1.189664602279663,
0.14263464510440826,
1.1474159955978394,
0.3095678687095642,
0.06363590061664581,
0.7120698690414429,
-0.4557156562805176,
0.10462737828493118,
-0.15295439958572388,
0.045937567949295044,
-0.7648313045501709,
0.1744755059480667,
0.30128803849220276,
0.36425894498825073,
1.0536084175109863,
-0.07698410749435425,
0.4338774085044861,
0.0897676944732666,
-0.3784107565879822,
0.7358720302581787,
-0.020525559782981873,
-0.17001715302467346,
-0.20469996333122253,
0.6603690385818481,
0.16319093108177185,
0.32215166091918945,
0.3746030926704407,
0.9485734105110168,
-0.40766629576683044,
0.32224583625793457,
-0.6107078194618225,
0.6638585329055786,
-0.9686589241027832,
0.30610963702201843,
1.215369462966919,
-0.8975469470024109,
0.06894311308860779,
0.13954900205135345,
0.00636744499206543,
-0.45782041549682617,
-0.4900164008140564,
0.5913476943969727,
-0.15104256570339203,
1.1433922052383423,
-0.5575864315032959,
-0.14480136334896088,
-0.4860573709011078,
-0.14270155131816864,
-0.4153546690940857,
0.17247730493545532,
-0.09851685166358948,
-0.3416872024536133,
0.36940819025039673,
-0.757996141910553,
-0.18992191553115845,
0.1417626589536667,
0.06356064230203629,
-0.5037987232208252,
-1.2858917713165283,
0.7373291254043579,
-0.154463529586792,
0.33724698424339294,
0.8327644467353821,
-0.08954416215419769
] |
|
do toucans have nerves in their beaks? if so, how sensitive are they? | my dad just dropped a line about how dexterous his araceri toucans are despite not being able to feel the tips of their beaks. my instinct told me they probably have a pretty complex neural network in there, though, so i figured i'd ask for some clarification! | this is just from a quick google search.. the beak itself is made up of keratin, the same substance as fingernails, and is attached to the jaw bones. the upper part of the beak is known as the maxilla and the lower is the mandible. the fleshy part where the beak meets the head is called the cere, where, on the upper maxilla, the nostrils, or nares, are located. the beak areas closest to the head contains nerve endings and a blood supply but there is no feeling in the areas towards the tip. like our fingernails, the beak is in continual growth. source: _url_0_ | 6 | [] | [] | [
"http://www.birdtricks.com/blog/your-parrots-beak/"
] | [
-0.5775733590126038,
0.5110766291618347,
-0.11136746406555176,
-0.4909696578979492,
-1.556122899055481,
-1.065667986869812,
1.8805506229400635,
-0.22622482478618622,
1.8544474840164185,
0.12190420925617218,
1.513323426246643,
-1.3467947244644165,
-0.29252704977989197,
0.38421717286109924,
-0.8500512838363647,
-1.3492070436477661,
-1.387244701385498,
0.4924682378768921,
0.06622686982154846,
0.7401066422462463,
1.7310283184051514,
2.864499807357788,
0.9007968902587891,
-0.7346444129943848,
-1.1419878005981445,
0.025562331080436707,
-0.14468266069889069,
-0.30015668272972107,
0.8720126152038574,
-1.5507643222808838,
1.0120792388916016,
1.7902030944824219,
-0.5262625217437744,
-1.1210963726043701,
0.6376917362213135,
0.47153910994529724,
-0.06704744696617126,
0.1626482903957367,
0.1296834796667099,
0.2301357537508011,
0.08204512298107147,
0.9192620515823364,
-0.94105064868927,
1.225678563117981,
0.7399070262908936,
1.0558778047561646,
-0.24796083569526672,
-0.164975106716156,
0.22470976412296295,
0.11557430028915405,
-1.323493480682373,
-1.2298836708068848,
-0.730491042137146,
-0.23916277289390564,
1.0090248584747314,
1.399735927581787,
-1.404921293258667,
-0.03619322180747986,
-0.5285198092460632,
0.09171062707901001,
0.519598126411438,
0.005220040678977966,
-1.222273349761963,
1.5474154949188232,
1.3649402856826782,
-2.3348495960235596,
-0.3779489994049072,
-0.9392738938331604,
-0.5780709981918335,
0.40873032808303833,
1.3054144382476807,
-1.7956851720809937,
-0.12972953915596008,
-0.06280123442411423,
0.47149384021759033,
1.5032691955566406,
0.4531501233577728,
-1.519167184829712,
0.4282740354537964,
1.2258143424987793,
-0.9529735445976257,
1.769792079925537,
0.7492353916168213,
0.46547502279281616,
0.19293838739395142,
1.9750847816467285,
-0.012463986873626709,
-0.298029363155365,
-1.4563744068145752,
0.44638964533805847,
-0.3741838335990906,
-1.6977260112762451,
-0.8724215626716614,
-0.5294790267944336,
1.1415719985961914,
0.032564401626586914,
-0.21930301189422607,
-0.19528144598007202,
-0.488290399312973,
-0.6037672162055969,
-0.4701812267303467,
0.7621925473213196,
0.9704405665397644,
-0.01408347487449646,
-0.13416403532028198,
0.2476877123117447,
-0.7163069844245911,
-0.03715965151786804,
0.38366368412971497,
0.3909386396408081,
0.14016544818878174,
-0.2855813801288605,
0.048859335482120514,
0.7253808379173279,
0.9512295126914978,
-0.8215548396110535,
-0.2991582751274109,
-1.2312177419662476,
0.3043086528778076,
0.3594323694705963,
-1.3936997652053833,
-0.21565808355808258,
-1.1425820589065552,
-0.9375692009925842,
0.15637077391147614,
1.5995402336120605,
-1.8446968793869019,
1.4512678384780884,
1.6082717180252075,
0.8517026305198669,
0.6120480298995972,
-1.4917571544647217,
0.5902395844459534,
-0.16494189202785492,
-0.8218792676925659,
0.16806167364120483,
-0.8494713306427002,
0.30536937713623047,
-0.8926780223846436,
-0.26005318760871887,
-0.5715247392654419,
-0.23538964986801147,
-0.09618693590164185,
-0.4929311275482178,
0.5180720090866089,
1.0021090507507324,
-1.2213774919509888,
-2.8596749305725098,
-0.12916924059391022,
0.7657389044761658,
-1.8127918243408203,
-1.0174733400344849,
1.357832670211792,
0.5486142635345459,
-1.3027714490890503,
-0.4202123284339905,
-0.008629322052001953,
0.26589593291282654,
0.26260316371917725,
0.9133456945419312,
-1.0250883102416992,
1.0484633445739746,
-0.7061781883239746,
2.5415902137756348,
1.497257947921753,
-0.7502005100250244,
-0.3769370913505554,
-0.4497424364089966,
1.006711483001709,
0.34398144483566284,
-0.09961152076721191,
0.7046477198600769,
0.16349062323570251,
-0.6652658581733704,
-0.8661729693412781,
-0.3058673143386841,
-0.45883575081825256,
-0.0439375638961792,
0.9744840264320374,
0.655998706817627,
0.5751623511314392,
0.9803767204284668,
0.7912006378173828,
1.0336341857910156,
-1.074639081954956,
-0.043366022408008575,
-0.14961260557174683,
0.5911230444908142,
-0.18877680599689484,
-0.3949207663536072,
0.3980945348739624,
0.7432183623313904,
1.0416464805603027,
0.6505904197692871,
-1.2376025915145874,
-0.20828941464424133,
-0.00020462274551391602,
-1.665165901184082,
-0.7924702763557434,
0.5445003509521484,
0.7236076593399048,
-0.16885095834732056,
-0.11540953069925308,
-0.1206100732088089,
-0.19258072972297668,
-0.2713496685028076,
-0.07577583193778992,
0.7439530491828918,
0.2314128279685974,
1.1939605474472046,
-0.16477052867412567,
-1.384028673171997,
-0.14654895663261414,
-0.3194521367549896,
1.194554090499878,
-1.0717241764068604,
-0.026710018515586853,
0.025338172912597656,
-0.2836301326751709,
-0.1779162585735321,
-1.4920463562011719,
-1.2447798252105713,
-2.124411106109619,
-1.14516019821167,
0.4977189004421234,
-1.0178428888320923,
0.2711101770401001,
0.6748573184013367,
-0.6554301381111145,
1.206589937210083,
1.7287582159042358,
1.7332924604415894,
-0.6591150164604187,
-1.1525928974151611,
-0.3167441487312317,
0.9333215951919556,
0.7390810251235962,
0.16206252574920654,
1.3025766611099243,
0.031281426548957825,
-0.9249669909477234,
1.2296339273452759,
0.7594505548477173,
0.3333965241909027,
-0.5040050745010376,
-0.9919970631599426,
0.2589181661605835,
-0.158287912607193,
-0.11378129571676254,
-0.04600372537970543,
-0.2180768996477127,
-0.4862620234489441,
-0.6855823993682861,
0.4104239344596863,
0.36485958099365234,
-0.4829102158546448,
-1.0141079425811768,
0.04976406693458557,
-0.6358208060264587,
-0.32088997960090637,
-0.040942758321762085,
-1.0161101818084717,
0.06926412880420685,
-0.4161974787712097,
0.643121600151062,
0.006058245897293091,
1.167988896369934,
1.5842870473861694,
1.0419574975967407,
0.15803611278533936,
-0.004887878894805908,
-0.31981396675109863,
-0.09264583885669708,
-1.1549627780914307,
0.47853121161460876,
-0.14497023820877075,
0.47168272733688354,
-0.3050791621208191,
0.2897106409072876,
0.06855601072311401,
0.7538808584213257,
-1.7643815279006958,
-0.9461435079574585,
-0.20931781828403473,
0.9574877023696899,
-1.3236690759658813,
-0.574076771736145,
-0.20379531383514404,
0.920684814453125,
1.1326693296432495,
-0.21648353338241577,
1.210577130317688,
0.3770003318786621,
-0.5176397562026978,
0.29777243733406067,
-0.3071429431438446,
0.3407968282699585,
0.13091517984867096,
-0.32328546047210693,
0.3896290063858032,
-1.0768892765045166,
-1.1633933782577515,
-0.01164446771144867,
-0.35002145171165466,
-0.762940526008606,
-0.0762491226196289,
-0.519956111907959,
0.4380578398704529,
2.2927956581115723,
-0.22198021411895752,
0.23048284649848938,
0.22636708617210388,
-0.4700259268283844,
-0.13543394207954407,
-0.7376850247383118,
-0.6320313215255737,
-0.9275268912315369,
1.04517662525177,
0.7863823771476746,
0.24134832620620728,
0.4725789427757263,
0.41512346267700195,
0.4980310797691345,
0.9005066752433777,
0.04809574782848358,
0.0930781215429306,
0.7692292928695679,
-1.1230342388153076,
-0.24521276354789734,
0.7112075090408325,
-1.7730761766433716,
1.7027556896209717,
-0.7184861302375793,
0.055219635367393494,
0.9095965027809143,
0.9098297357559204,
-0.6927016973495483,
-0.05796914920210838,
-0.9347102046012878,
-2.246001720428467,
-1.326428771018982,
1.0502406358718872,
1.7533079385757446,
-0.2279164046049118,
-1.3934869766235352,
-0.47369638085365295,
0.0031955987215042114,
1.2091947793960571,
-1.9131035804748535,
-0.4889106750488281,
-0.3052859902381897,
2.157726764678955,
-0.2336203008890152,
-0.22440750896930695,
-0.3640845715999603,
-1.249550223350525,
-1.3164916038513184,
-0.26092997193336487,
0.3549710810184479,
0.015779316425323486,
1.02801513671875,
-1.518329381942749,
-0.03949275612831116,
1.3966323137283325,
-1.2627272605895996,
1.6478643417358398,
1.864656925201416,
1.1611506938934326,
-0.1980205774307251,
-0.8643653392791748,
0.8525685667991638,
1.3054379224777222,
1.0605182647705078,
-0.8531385660171509,
-2.4584476947784424,
0.8374728560447693,
0.00406116247177124,
0.10875736176967621,
-0.6506810188293457,
0.362388014793396,
1.1591925621032715,
0.1192927211523056,
1.9935413599014282,
0.6574005484580994
] |
how to get a voltage of 150.000 v? | hello reddit, i've always wondered how some firms or companies get such high voltages to run their machines. for example an electron beam welding machine runs at 150.000 v. how do they get it? by using line voltage and transformers or do you need to make special contracts with your local power supplier? | it depends on how much total current you need. you can get 150,000 volts quite readily at low amperage, but if you require both high voltage and high amperage then you'll have to have a special service run. stepping 120v to 120kv can be the work of a transformer. | 10 | [] | [] | [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_pump"
] | [
-0.3465360403060913,
0.6431310176849365,
0.732164740562439,
-0.24813580513000488,
-0.9576656818389893,
-0.7529120445251465,
0.3988466262817383,
0.28418904542922974,
0.2947234511375427,
-0.6897646188735962,
-0.28385570645332336,
0.06845325231552124,
-0.630378246307373,
-0.3601763844490051,
0.1356157660484314,
0.9528182744979858,
0.049537599086761475,
0.5270297527313232,
0.228286474943161,
-0.1347649097442627,
-0.47695207595825195,
-0.3122817873954773,
-1.4480335712432861,
-0.18723900616168976,
0.7106977701187134,
-0.6585186719894409,
0.27213597297668457,
0.1740599274635315,
-0.43576595187187195,
-0.228371262550354,
-0.1651570200920105,
-0.05902141332626343,
-0.25583943724632263,
-0.4962674379348755,
-0.577061653137207,
-0.261372834444046,
-0.33068031072616577,
0.003169119358062744,
-0.2407311052083969,
0.245339497923851,
0.37192976474761963,
0.025717779994010925,
-0.30735036730766296,
0.3000011146068573,
-0.9391161203384399,
0.09120512008666992,
-0.06635269522666931,
-0.21434739232063293,
-0.17377206683158875,
-0.04266659915447235,
-0.3282400369644165,
0.8378093242645264,
0.7604365348815918,
0.3538103401660919,
0.159895122051239,
-0.8457478880882263,
-0.045451730489730835,
0.5689864754676819,
-0.17828741669654846,
-0.1782984435558319,
-0.005847439169883728,
-0.315996378660202,
-1.8164714574813843,
0.43927091360092163,
0.012663140892982483,
-0.7091373205184937,
0.15858587622642517,
-0.21850253641605377,
-0.48615604639053345,
0.2986546754837036,
-0.8458372354507446,
-0.10969439148902893,
-0.6788305044174194,
0.33387625217437744,
-0.5505906343460083,
0.1761898696422577,
0.10997781157493591,
0.743432879447937,
0.16893455386161804,
-0.2904432713985443,
-0.010373115539550781,
-0.44792041182518005,
-0.5720124244689941,
-0.8514429330825806,
0.7656536102294922,
0.36525624990463257,
-0.16732804477214813,
-0.03885282576084137,
-0.5105941891670227,
-0.48536306619644165,
-0.47183606028556824,
0.49343839287757874,
0.5777457356452942,
0.49601197242736816,
0.9033499360084534,
0.10003861784934998,
0.4310627579689026,
0.022885024547576904,
-0.48265185952186584,
1.5580705404281616,
0.37252455949783325,
0.6238788962364197,
-1.4730051755905151,
0.01579985022544861,
0.010197773575782776,
-1.075157880783081,
0.07583968341350555,
1.0616501569747925,
-0.3927305340766907,
-0.4577520787715912,
0.9342520833015442,
-0.10778455436229706,
-0.2534639537334442,
-0.5603181719779968,
0.06885239481925964,
0.310041218996048,
-1.126093864440918,
0.5343974828720093,
-0.06974100321531296,
-0.31514132022857666,
-0.21418675780296326,
-0.18072938919067383,
-0.8036553263664246,
0.2773142158985138,
-0.6550995111465454,
0.47783443331718445,
1.7282352447509766,
0.49013325572013855,
-0.814692497253418,
0.1890086829662323,
-0.1635567843914032,
-0.2204963117837906,
0.0035422835499048233,
0.8644707202911377,
-0.28737369179725647,
0.24479877948760986,
0.4421452283859253,
-0.593597948551178,
0.25552898645401,
1.2335243225097656,
-0.2237105369567871,
0.43320930004119873,
0.39642202854156494,
-0.4621984362602234,
-0.6513911485671997,
0.7289134860038757,
0.18043366074562073,
-1.1041386127471924,
0.13686460256576538,
0.4667299687862396,
0.14935563504695892,
-0.3227244019508362,
0.8963160514831543,
-0.52556312084198,
0.16494213044643402,
-0.8619699478149414,
0.2578497529029846,
0.36789050698280334,
-0.2673224210739136,
0.11555282771587372,
-0.3703429698944092,
0.9695045948028564,
0.3502344489097595,
0.6310226917266846,
0.5825033783912659,
-0.47948211431503296,
0.16055426001548767,
-0.18399155139923096,
0.24494242668151855,
0.3174436092376709,
-0.7063342928886414,
-0.23202048242092133,
-0.06130082905292511,
-1.54343843460083,
-0.25741705298423767,
0.48225706815719604,
0.3638698160648346,
1.0256016254425049,
0.18462537229061127,
0.42876917123794556,
-1.4287047386169434,
0.024589955806732178,
0.53388512134552,
-0.025568664073944092,
0.24396994709968567,
0.9734548926353455,
0.8884440660476685,
1.103255271911621,
-0.9907866716384888,
0.6957694888114929,
0.005874231457710266,
0.6356018781661987,
-0.5791448950767517,
0.3636701703071594,
0.0007428005337715149,
-0.936114490032196,
-1.0282373428344727,
0.4737657606601715,
0.15387043356895447,
-0.9835541248321533,
-0.513755738735199,
0.09447615593671799,
0.7962796688079834,
0.8975661396980286,
0.022759001702070236,
-0.08036744594573975,
0.7265509366989136,
-0.7641191482543945,
-0.9313861727714539,
0.07228244096040726,
-0.19867826998233795,
0.461420476436615,
0.8506837487220764,
0.5518772602081299,
0.005181819200515747,
-0.6952423453330994,
-0.27112042903900146,
-0.12181161344051361,
-0.38992249965667725,
0.29861122369766235,
-0.3380451500415802,
0.7474008798599243,
0.7662557363510132,
-1.0447473526000977,
0.45904362201690674,
0.32584869861602783,
0.39697229862213135,
1.2221399545669556,
0.8308941721916199,
-0.3252789080142975,
0.9593794345855713,
-0.3355886936187744,
-0.12100362777709961,
0.700150728225708,
0.09880148619413376,
-0.7059208154678345,
-0.21815994381904602,
0.1428866684436798,
0.12926514446735382,
0.1500338762998581,
0.009133938699960709,
-1.0428898334503174,
-0.37217891216278076,
-0.3823891878128052,
0.33225902915000916,
1.4234013557434082,
-0.48966625332832336,
0.330733984708786,
0.0926370620727539,
-0.19042938947677612,
-1.1000757217407227,
0.5098855495452881,
-1.6904460191726685,
0.10415017604827881,
-0.4533265233039856,
0.27360856533050537,
0.2572423815727234,
0.4539586007595062,
-0.3128785789012909,
-0.41248273849487305,
1.3004813194274902,
0.3771720230579376,
0.6282057762145996,
-0.3150887191295624,
0.8689429759979248,
0.3287814259529114,
0.8166323900222778,
0.9221471548080444,
-0.7853059768676758,
-0.2914122939109802,
-0.7995680570602417,
-0.26348966360092163,
0.5380827784538269,
0.31697893142700195,
0.33985501527786255,
-0.40233978629112244,
0.25293660163879395,
0.01621668040752411,
-0.5864282250404358,
-0.275557279586792,
0.0782037004828453,
0.3486705422401428,
-0.4061638414859772,
0.31238746643066406,
0.08325561881065369,
-0.5703344941139221,
0.19684761762619019,
-1.0286684036254883,
0.022205814719200134,
-0.3425891399383545,
0.0007529258728027344,
0.1938517540693283,
-0.654281735420227,
-0.17670850455760956,
-0.03243014216423035,
-0.20941321551799774,
-0.18832892179489136,
-0.2354535460472107,
-0.5424358248710632,
-0.3692910671234131,
0.4209013283252716,
0.36216646432876587,
0.32976090908050537,
0.036942675709724426,
-0.24264293909072876,
-0.0794079601764679,
0.5761049389839172,
0.4791983962059021,
0.058028727769851685,
0.30930036306381226,
0.41363200545310974,
-0.3952811360359192,
0.30280801653862,
-0.22549322247505188,
0.23447999358177185,
0.5689190030097961,
0.038917869329452515,
-0.2682569622993469,
-0.18644212186336517,
-0.17408856749534607,
0.3094150424003601,
0.3255639970302582,
0.10958859324455261,
-0.23619619011878967,
1.0974639654159546,
0.21103747189044952,
-0.2817666530609131,
0.7654963731765747,
-0.12565702199935913,
0.5034438371658325,
1.1873655319213867,
-0.40494292974472046,
0.38531675934791565,
0.4264427125453949,
0.9272980093955994,
-0.02107076346874237,
-0.17585968971252441,
-0.49090516567230225,
-0.6991612911224365,
0.07413044571876526,
-0.5404829978942871,
0.4908841550350189,
0.08450578153133392,
0.20477567613124847,
0.3315069377422333,
0.24480091035366058,
0.8786178231239319,
0.11217339336872101,
-0.010457616299390793,
-0.3241713047027588,
-0.5901254415512085,
1.0144380331039429,
-0.018807601183652878,
-0.20694786310195923,
0.25494861602783203,
0.14512278139591217,
0.44511401653289795,
0.5781514644622803,
0.23153819143772125,
0.0706043392419815,
-0.5017362236976624,
-0.17311441898345947,
-0.4806007444858551,
1.1902705430984497,
-0.6118630170822144,
-0.04885286092758179,
-0.6982235312461853,
-0.3675912916660309,
-1.1454285383224487,
0.704386830329895,
0.42572203278541565,
0.08527928590774536,
0.5153846144676208,
-0.0030311085283756256,
0.35339048504829407,
-0.7186490893363953,
-0.4491177499294281,
-0.36869198083877563,
-2.1048989295959473,
0.1494460105895996,
0.5936749577522278,
-0.18184417486190796,
0.2555263638496399,
0.3604937195777893
] |
remember “double-bouncing” someone on a trampoline? how does that work? | the trampoline has springs all around it and they store energy. potential energy is stored energy. kinetic energy is energy of motion. when you’re in the apex of your bounce you have high potential low kinetic. right before your feet hit the trampoline you have highest kinetic lowest potential. as the springs absorb your kinetic they gain potential. that potential is added back to you as you go up. if you jump your legs add kinetic energy as you go faster/higher up. two people jumping both put their energy into the springs. when second person buckles their knees they prevent their body from gaining kinetic. that energy has to go somewhere and it goes into you. that makes you bounce higher. same things as loading a spring with 200 kg of mass accelerated by gravity then releasing it on to 100 kg. | 18 | [] | [] | [] | [
-1.00825035572052,
0.23838675022125244,
1.6821811199188232,
1.145237922668457,
-0.881866455078125,
-2.0272836685180664,
4.373339653015137,
2.407508373260498,
0.5015246272087097,
0.4345386028289795,
2.7254323959350586,
0.27610841393470764,
0.9189966917037964,
1.214815616607666,
2.017610549926758,
0.6828928589820862,
-0.9480123519897461,
2.3634772300720215,
-4.701901435852051,
0.8078460097312927,
2.569145917892456,
-0.9669285416603088,
-0.18729540705680847,
0.2648400366306305,
-1.6951465606689453,
0.8701000213623047,
-2.658318281173706,
0.23772966861724854,
0.19934669137001038,
-0.18165090680122375,
-1.1687520742416382,
-2.5856549739837646,
-0.845562756061554,
-2.138331413269043,
-0.053596921265125275,
1.5954716205596924,
-2.0176281929016113,
-2.0375444889068604,
-1.5113511085510254,
-0.8432949185371399,
-1.8000004291534424,
-1.8425825834274292,
-0.5330163836479187,
1.1586029529571533,
0.4956473708152771,
3.17181396484375,
0.7629306316375732,
0.2917490601539612,
1.6256160736083984,
-1.1668202877044678,
0.4959963858127594,
-0.3386579155921936,
0.9736809134483337,
-1.0167121887207031,
-1.211523413658142,
1.235445499420166,
0.4698279798030853,
-1.9517987966537476,
0.24813222885131836,
-1.2330008745193481,
0.6667167544364929,
1.093719482421875,
-0.6795616149902344,
0.6272040605545044,
2.255459785461426,
-0.9620233774185181,
-0.4414687156677246,
0.47226256132125854,
-1.1408621072769165,
1.1472276449203491,
1.9846723079681396,
-0.5101938843727112,
-0.8788005113601685,
-1.7185903787612915,
0.1936013400554657,
-0.8140947818756104,
-0.5137758255004883,
-0.09924913942813873,
-1.494750738143921,
1.1480000019073486,
1.3466204404830933,
-2.451866865158081,
-1.7083728313446045,
-1.3084149360656738,
-1.0612578392028809,
1.4585585594177246,
3.8465423583984375,
-0.15033367276191711,
0.5874714851379395,
1.1221081018447876,
-2.526735305786133,
0.25483381748199463,
-2.373708963394165,
0.39411649107933044,
1.1081463098526,
2.2498486042022705,
-1.3672068119049072,
-2.359684944152832,
-1.311029076576233,
-1.303387999534607,
0.7687291502952576,
1.0242105722427368,
-1.6907404661178589,
0.37899547815322876,
-0.9163020849227905,
-0.5706349611282349,
-0.4939444363117218,
2.0210652351379395,
1.6129961013793945,
1.2779594659805298,
0.34915435314178467,
-0.16858269274234772,
1.8927671909332275,
2.5482046604156494,
-1.3666431903839111,
1.3119266033172607,
-0.5497610569000244,
0.47036224603652954,
-2.109229564666748,
-0.8854199647903442,
-0.5138241052627563,
-2.1358981132507324,
0.3540680408477783,
-1.0066940784454346,
0.6834417581558228,
-3.1351146697998047,
-0.08104214072227478,
0.2404295802116394,
-1.2881646156311035,
-1.2656488418579102,
1.9398850202560425,
-2.3584585189819336,
-1.4539827108383179,
-2.1738333702087402,
-2.9894931316375732,
0.06357070803642273,
2.2484967708587646,
0.3314374089241028,
-2.1901092529296875,
0.9684426784515381,
1.0057917833328247,
2.0884618759155273,
0.42264047265052795,
-3.6892306804656982,
-0.7335197925567627,
1.495194435119629,
0.7057497501373291,
-0.9861085414886475,
-0.03076104074716568,
-0.20757298171520233,
-1.901253581047058,
-0.5152729749679565,
0.8556549549102783,
0.9624876976013184,
-0.4271177053451538,
-0.7806802988052368,
-1.130711317062378,
0.8151110410690308,
1.0139423608779907,
0.15499678254127502,
-2.443324089050293,
0.8923384547233582,
-0.25914904475212097,
0.444955438375473,
0.00907185673713684,
0.24261435866355896,
0.05517604947090149,
-0.37308043241500854,
-0.4724157154560089,
-1.4433555603027344,
-0.20467224717140198,
0.7634398937225342,
0.08723513782024384,
-2.445932388305664,
1.0647895336151123,
0.9401726722717285,
-3.802382707595825,
-1.608363389968872,
0.8162295818328857,
2.065988540649414,
1.8020365238189697,
-0.5495643615722656,
3.4995272159576416,
1.5495991706848145,
0.6678497195243835,
-0.5157110691070557,
-1.5250647068023682,
0.03290463984012604,
-1.1089634895324707,
0.5301462411880493,
-0.2470756322145462,
-0.1159505546092987,
-0.0370863601565361,
1.439157247543335,
-1.283805012702942,
1.019280195236206,
-1.920703649520874,
0.8508789539337158,
-1.577154278755188,
0.16395330429077148,
0.5915852785110474,
-1.2525156736373901,
0.42361170053482056,
-0.6833303570747375,
0.6388574838638306,
0.08444377779960632,
0.6064612865447998,
-2.080493211746216,
0.4101894497871399,
-0.6526997089385986,
-0.835780143737793,
-3.178395986557007,
1.1127935647964478,
0.5257643461227417,
-1.7784209251403809,
-0.7767564654350281,
-0.3072910010814667,
2.340324878692627,
-0.5212680697441101,
-0.8306411504745483,
0.4700661599636078,
1.2363615036010742,
-0.7957563400268555,
-1.6957582235336304,
0.46917563676834106,
0.30366793274879456,
-1.4846560955047607,
2.7367002964019775,
2.0050737857818604,
2.121567726135254,
-0.8602973222732544,
-0.3894084692001343,
-1.721185564994812,
1.9381064176559448,
-0.8973345756530762,
-1.0056570768356323,
-2.2293102741241455,
2.9427425861358643,
0.6488132476806641,
-1.9426043033599854,
1.3251999616622925,
0.13112491369247437,
0.630756676197052,
1.208229422569275,
2.7147512435913086,
2.62229323387146,
-0.4913513660430908,
0.6342862248420715,
0.5084295868873596,
-0.49686843156814575,
-0.07940725982189178,
1.4301412105560303,
-0.3622952997684479,
0.18004657328128815,
0.4301110506057739,
0.7374030947685242,
0.5332385301589966,
-0.8182932734489441,
-0.8674819469451904,
-0.4412393271923065,
-0.395963191986084,
-0.7855034470558167,
-0.5845728516578674,
-2.4846765995025635,
-0.42621228098869324,
0.4926367700099945,
2.668799638748169,
1.0198981761932373,
-1.2358417510986328,
-2.4091925621032715,
1.8251409530639648,
-1.4136024713516235,
-1.2298227548599243,
-1.1500208377838135,
2.8760430812835693,
-3.3318076133728027,
-1.7686692476272583,
-0.6929155588150024,
1.1898490190505981,
-0.09551261365413666,
1.2191168069839478,
-3.699547529220581,
-0.2081095576286316,
-0.5927874445915222,
0.6666737794876099,
-0.6127631664276123,
1.4896998405456543,
-0.1690846085548401,
0.13750484585762024,
0.8457386493682861,
0.08181561529636383,
3.017484664916992,
0.5781518220901489,
0.593560516834259,
1.330390214920044,
2.704345703125,
2.2174181938171387,
-0.46424269676208496,
-1.5961546897888184,
1.5457897186279297,
0.2661013901233673,
-0.6563368439674377,
-0.15016405284404755,
-2.865438222885132,
-3.250124454498291,
0.05736164748668671,
1.7258188724517822,
-0.1691736876964569,
-1.4311091899871826,
-0.5136463046073914,
-2.7096712589263916,
-0.5743093490600586,
0.34972262382507324,
0.37355321645736694,
-0.1585739254951477,
0.026049524545669556,
1.351418137550354,
1.612696886062622,
-0.5864716172218323,
0.8583453297615051,
0.5642651319503784,
1.6523947715759277,
1.4665498733520508,
1.39069402217865,
0.36390420794487,
2.5165786743164062,
1.251470923423767,
-0.07080590724945068,
1.0381560325622559,
-2.819246292114258,
-0.47345826029777527,
0.22345682978630066,
3.8744261264801025,
2.04203462600708,
2.6589059829711914,
1.1098886728286743,
-1.0965723991394043,
-0.3606685400009155,
-1.3210419416427612,
-1.0197710990905762,
-1.1112769842147827,
-0.4570043981075287,
2.643764019012451,
0.4309532344341278,
0.9188026189804077,
-1.1831910610198975,
1.6828813552856445,
0.5722436904907227,
-1.2881556749343872,
0.5716028809547424,
0.683752715587616,
1.4093942642211914,
1.5225274562835693,
0.8684666752815247,
0.9227039217948914,
-1.2658131122589111,
0.6442007422447205,
0.8639838695526123,
-0.782730221748352,
-0.18332314491271973,
-0.18413282930850983,
-0.4332442581653595,
-0.6815370321273804,
3.3853962421417236,
-2.514232873916626,
2.283595561981201,
-2.1158499717712402,
-1.1221996545791626,
-0.6221957802772522,
1.2162439823150635,
1.4636380672454834,
0.6425982713699341,
0.10821908712387085,
0.013004038482904434,
1.2369848489761353,
0.4987955093383789,
-0.9347281455993652,
0.922187089920044,
-1.7107418775558472,
1.0081939697265625,
-0.8479021191596985,
1.3294588327407837,
0.445644348859787,
0.3586045205593109
] |
|
what experiments could one perform to determine the mechanism behind the slipperiness of ice? | hello, askscience. i'm not entirely sure that this belongs here, but one of the moderators said that it was fine, so here it goes: come this fall, i will be working with a physics professor at my university, performing original research experiments to determine why ice is slippery. i am aware of the three main theories which attempt to explain the mechanics of it (pressure melting, friction melting, and improper bonding of the surface layer), but when i asked the professor about it, he looked into it and found that the numbers don't really add up for any of them, so he asked me to assist him in a series of experiments. so far, it looks like we're going to test the coefficient of friction using different masses with the same surface area in contact with the ice and pulling it with a spring gauge, as well as submerging the aforementioned experiment in polar and non-polar liquids to see if exposure to air is a factor. i would like to know if any of you wonderful scientists (and scientifically literate lay-persons) have any ideas for other relevant experiments we could perform while we're at it. i would love to get as much data as possible, so we can really get a handle on what's going on down there. thank you in advance to anyone who makes a suggestion. ***for science!*** | since lesser surface contact reduces friction, perhaps you could design an experiment to determine if water ice crystals form a "bed of nails"-like structure which would minimize surface contact with the test device. if so, what is the minimum, maximum, and optimum contact point density and distribution? it might also be informative to test various ice surface creation methods. e.g.: vapor deposition on a < 32 f substrate, "natural" surface formation (i.e. a container of water), surface variance as a function of rapid vs. gradual freezing point attainment, surface variances in ambient vs. vacuum conditions, "pure" water ice vs. water with suspended particle contaminants, and so on. | 2 | [] | [] | [
"http://iopscience.iop.org/0953-8984/14/8/108"
] | [
-1.7115224599838257,
-0.0678463876247406,
0.30585813522338867,
1.50168776512146,
0.6759485602378845,
-0.08652272820472717,
1.7967267036437988,
1.554084062576294,
-0.6776558756828308,
0.5393834114074707,
0.17284731566905975,
-1.0475454330444336,
0.1276574432849884,
1.2686960697174072,
0.3392193913459778,
0.491350919008255,
-0.1564444750547409,
0.16633808612823486,
-1.339080810546875,
0.9374947547912598,
0.5832377672195435,
0.6703883409500122,
-0.2260449230670929,
-0.5525842905044556,
-0.9660420417785645,
0.4082736074924469,
0.08461546897888184,
0.7763579487800598,
0.871913492679596,
0.2851923406124115,
-0.7439237236976624,
1.0096964836120605,
-0.37842151522636414,
0.0000698193907737732,
2.616673707962036,
-0.9379693269729614,
0.46905380487442017,
-1.2986657619476318,
-1.0333333015441895,
-0.610939621925354,
-0.1491444706916809,
0.8751169443130493,
0.7778360843658447,
2.534522533416748,
0.8253514766693115,
2.447695016860962,
1.138940691947937,
0.10122331976890564,
-0.8284329771995544,
-0.3613168001174927,
0.3435875177383423,
-0.34931519627571106,
0.0889371782541275,
-0.5803502798080444,
-2.053725004196167,
-0.6093832850456238,
0.5914338231086731,
-3.069582462310791,
-0.804530143737793,
-0.2403772473335266,
-0.47334372997283936,
-0.3834596574306488,
-0.8041150569915771,
0.4503057599067688,
2.972529888153076,
0.5737785696983337,
-0.8241358995437622,
-0.9891800880432129,
-0.18675649166107178,
1.3348536491394043,
-0.40148836374282837,
1.469764232635498,
-1.288477897644043,
-1.4107787609100342,
1.3288191556930542,
-1.3140206336975098,
-1.2638144493103027,
0.6407700181007385,
-0.837968111038208,
0.810747504234314,
0.287412166595459,
-0.24456658959388733,
0.35717523097991943,
0.43222373723983765,
-2.0993399620056152,
1.320655107498169,
1.6232295036315918,
1.7698216438293457,
0.02190178632736206,
-0.017278485000133514,
-0.3417240381240845,
1.350158929824829,
-1.6937377452850342,
0.721301794052124,
-0.6919744610786438,
0.852932870388031,
-0.17270427942276,
-1.773145079612732,
1.5836760997772217,
-0.05232255160808563,
-0.6308988928794861,
-1.538887858390808,
-2.4126229286193848,
-0.4919346868991852,
-1.0579407215118408,
-0.02503429353237152,
0.2947593331336975,
0.3638606667518616,
-0.021954208612442017,
0.8455060720443726,
-0.2360512614250183,
-0.9726905822753906,
-0.5829110741615295,
-0.6424384117126465,
-0.3183434009552002,
-1.347493290901184,
0.7987967729568481,
-0.22811439633369446,
-1.024798035621643,
-1.12602961063385,
-0.7212546467781067,
-1.846696138381958,
-0.11401320993900299,
-0.4579726755619049,
-0.35682737827301025,
0.1947115659713745,
-0.5092717409133911,
1.0003430843353271,
0.6394590139389038,
-0.019892245531082153,
0.7885292768478394,
-0.5406500101089478,
1.1157547235488892,
-0.19842657446861267,
-0.33543890714645386,
-0.13861897587776184,
0.8120661377906799,
0.8462494611740112,
-1.2580138444900513,
2.4580132961273193,
-0.7418714761734009,
1.1072636842727661,
-0.23423153162002563,
-0.6548356413841248,
1.5032353401184082,
0.6760463118553162,
-2.1237592697143555,
0.2817544639110565,
-0.055397577583789825,
-1.182844877243042,
0.7769176363945007,
0.06814128160476685,
0.5730053782463074,
0.22784271836280823,
-0.5129510760307312,
-0.740883469581604,
1.5067718029022217,
-0.18967533111572266,
0.7690837979316711,
1.791751503944397,
-1.9565236568450928,
0.9802464842796326,
0.7544714212417603,
2.252760887145996,
-0.6426073312759399,
0.6067793965339661,
-0.21450567245483398,
-1.5435680150985718,
-0.07454957813024521,
0.11133706569671631,
2.1316518783569336,
-0.014268651604652405,
0.6415231227874756,
-1.1828495264053345,
-1.464693546295166,
-0.49791190028190613,
-1.95225191116333,
1.0219303369522095,
-0.6675368547439575,
1.9580439329147339,
0.3629809021949768,
2.2633416652679443,
1.173012137413025,
0.3091636896133423,
0.6436765789985657,
-0.3630358576774597,
0.059258460998535156,
1.1125925779342651,
-2.6798954010009766,
0.5751441121101379,
-0.935181736946106,
-0.08461679518222809,
0.5554710626602173,
0.627520740032196,
-1.1975486278533936,
0.3358058035373688,
0.43012678623199463,
-1.2950018644332886,
-0.7710273861885071,
0.558220386505127,
1.7079392671585083,
0.21564705669879913,
-1.7589259147644043,
-1.873640537261963,
-0.31730401515960693,
0.100132055580616,
1.558634877204895,
-1.0668962001800537,
-1.1020475625991821,
0.3637789189815521,
-0.5325943827629089,
-2.8175907135009766,
-2.5527961254119873,
-1.5166563987731934,
-0.1282280683517456,
0.8529362678527832,
-0.7636201977729797,
-1.190810203552246,
-1.6664375066757202,
-0.4031037390232086,
0.6329861879348755,
-0.9027081727981567,
-0.08868148922920227,
-0.9719041585922241,
0.918285608291626,
-1.9410492181777954,
-1.6002628803253174,
1.6281472444534302,
-0.6620127558708191,
0.7346476316452026,
-0.5049101114273071,
1.232159972190857,
-0.26997435092926025,
0.7027193903923035,
-0.543709933757782,
-0.3620561361312866,
-0.2758072018623352,
1.0961211919784546,
-1.016735553741455,
0.5714613795280457,
-0.48297935724258423,
-0.3214071989059448,
0.8645108938217163,
1.1490968465805054,
-1.738527536392212,
-0.02398117631673813,
0.5740627646446228,
0.3892444968223572,
-0.31434935331344604,
0.337605744600296,
-0.8353791236877441,
-1.6586980819702148,
-1.1530851125717163,
1.38481867313385,
-0.6692969799041748,
1.3888283967971802,
0.6321991086006165,
-1.5392353534698486,
-0.696966826915741,
0.44989049434661865,
1.800865650177002,
-0.7774643898010254,
-0.7405858039855957,
-0.5900008082389832,
1.7784595489501953,
-0.13233724236488342,
1.4229557514190674,
0.07578623294830322,
0.05524788796901703,
-0.5014487504959106,
-0.5355933904647827,
-1.5811787843704224,
-0.07442951202392578,
0.7381719350814819,
1.2081174850463867,
-1.5446981191635132,
-0.36958596110343933,
-1.0885035991668701,
0.3322177231311798,
0.9595663547515869,
-1.1522181034088135,
-1.3766467571258545,
-1.042504072189331,
1.3727303743362427,
2.0752334594726562,
-0.11460263282060623,
-0.8748819828033447,
-0.7774642705917358,
0.275387704372406,
-1.2226026058197021,
0.505392849445343,
1.5416620969772339,
1.3930652141571045,
0.6197919845581055,
0.3265082836151123,
2.1846227645874023,
3.65633225440979,
0.21637167036533356,
0.688112735748291,
-1.6271052360534668,
0.6852172017097473,
0.1295071691274643,
-1.1030185222625732,
-0.2045442759990692,
-0.9758249521255493,
1.044259786605835,
0.024765312671661377,
2.2687153816223145,
1.4447389841079712,
-1.8061294555664062,
-0.9687022566795349,
-1.5995380878448486,
0.3176964819431305,
-0.4889806807041168,
0.11512571573257446,
0.4927898943424225,
0.4192681312561035,
1.01826012134552,
0.05384295433759689,
0.9169212579727173,
1.0252522230148315,
0.13362878561019897,
0.7824612855911255,
-0.46281152963638306,
-0.33275407552719116,
1.479377269744873,
0.5665282011032104,
-0.3981645703315735,
-0.461006224155426,
-0.9360954761505127,
-1.6163015365600586,
-0.1863931566476822,
0.8182986378669739,
-0.5612602233886719,
0.3548205494880676,
1.1599018573760986,
0.3312811255455017,
-0.34003058075904846,
-1.1093318462371826,
-0.6981319189071655,
-0.5148565769195557,
0.2635233700275421,
1.4999874830245972,
-0.45922085642814636,
0.5072410106658936,
-0.029881492257118225,
0.6600991487503052,
-0.6189625859260559,
-1.5057464838027954,
0.1750086545944214,
-0.5276968479156494,
0.8920217156410217,
0.4978148341178894,
0.9220396280288696,
2.2506887912750244,
-0.18830949068069458,
-0.22548937797546387,
-1.19410240650177,
-0.24769525229930878,
-0.594968855381012,
-1.6023756265640259,
-0.2906666398048401,
-0.27880793809890747,
-0.22755223512649536,
0.5944667458534241,
2.0240633487701416,
-1.740900993347168,
0.15500901639461517,
-1.8131171464920044,
2.4630918502807617,
-0.4367148280143738,
1.8520841598510742,
0.10873058438301086,
-0.05158686637878418,
0.07090502977371216,
0.4736647605895996,
0.022246599197387695,
0.41779378056526184,
-0.5787076354026794,
1.067093849182129,
-0.6233375072479248,
-0.22398173809051514,
-0.16788560152053833,
1.6573524475097656
] |
was that really fat in my plasma donation tube? | i donated plasma the other week and at the end of the procedure i looked over at the machine and there was a part of it with a disposable tube (which transported my blood through some tubes) that had white, blood-stained chunks in it. when i asked the nurse, he picked up the tube and squeezed it, explaining that it was fat and i should be careful of what i eat. my question is: was that really fat? it is possible it was something else, like platelets? also, is it normal for that to be in there at the end of the procedure? note i'm *not* asking for medical advice here. but i'm young, in good shape, eat reasonably healthy, and exercise. a recent physical confirmed that i was in good health, so it would seem odd to me that when i donated plasma i got chunks of whitish fat left over at the end of the procedure. any thoughts? | did it look similar to [this tube](_url_0_), specifically the top layer? in the scheme of things your plasma should be clear. i deal with hundreds of tubes of blood a day and maybe 3 or 4 will have fat in them. i can't say what you had was fat, only a visit to your doctor for a cholesterol panel can answer that. | 2 | [] | [] | [
"http://i.imgur.com/RYk1J.png"
] | [
-1.2198941707611084,
0.6255328059196472,
0.6871290802955627,
0.5678533315658569,
-0.73521888256073,
-1.5208240747451782,
-0.21559952199459076,
0.790564775466919,
0.3298940062522888,
-0.8007529377937317,
-0.03492376208305359,
-0.00549355149269104,
-0.7842788100242615,
-0.1419728696346283,
-0.5098280310630798,
-0.3597761392593384,
-0.0794333964586258,
-0.27065980434417725,
-0.6413353681564331,
0.5665934085845947,
-0.3451111912727356,
0.6138663291931152,
-0.3399178981781006,
0.23675376176834106,
0.5459954142570496,
0.015402207151055336,
0.22882016003131866,
-0.10549645870923996,
-0.807124137878418,
0.01018601655960083,
-0.3692295253276825,
-0.25025489926338196,
-0.45424407720565796,
-0.3600535988807678,
0.2869842052459717,
-0.39878472685813904,
0.0012562423944473267,
0.4273867607116699,
-0.9603211879730225,
-0.29378971457481384,
0.5650225281715393,
-1.0000478029251099,
-0.3813398480415344,
0.6429444551467896,
1.3412678241729736,
0.32010403275489807,
0.3450421690940857,
0.09161645174026489,
0.09490738064050674,
1.2618026733398438,
-0.8309460282325745,
-0.4827461242675781,
-0.11550358682870865,
0.5933173298835754,
-0.10892131179571152,
-0.3019600510597229,
-0.06618104130029678,
-0.39325374364852905,
-0.4232046604156494,
0.3695004880428314,
-0.7762293815612793,
-0.4157028794288635,
0.9781805276870728,
0.7398432493209839,
0.7444758415222168,
-0.46483537554740906,
0.42380088567733765,
-0.019837327301502228,
-0.2884565591812134,
0.44119787216186523,
-0.24486222863197327,
0.022346723824739456,
-0.10981765389442444,
0.46570324897766113,
-0.11604860424995422,
0.6860558986663818,
-0.5439455509185791,
-0.7743460536003113,
0.005661465227603912,
0.14878031611442566,
-0.2071322500705719,
-0.22803466022014618,
-0.27861306071281433,
0.4073947072029114,
-0.4760972857475281,
1.2311968803405762,
0.4840661883354187,
0.33980125188827515,
-1.129826307296753,
-0.3082026541233063,
-0.6552613973617554,
0.12274034321308136,
-0.07370414584875107,
0.3292912244796753,
0.3465821444988251,
0.4597471356391907,
-0.48747676610946655,
-0.5919557213783264,
-0.09669780731201172,
0.11143083870410919,
-0.058173660188913345,
-0.4631938338279724,
-0.4081704020500183,
0.5022003054618835,
-0.17216002941131592,
-0.4493987560272217,
-0.22646424174308777,
0.7738292217254639,
-0.11623489856719971,
0.11642327904701233,
-0.015228226780891418,
-0.026810472831130028,
0.7939987182617188,
-0.2778588831424713,
0.1267242133617401,
-0.9625353217124939,
-0.19611841440200806,
-0.1793636977672577,
-0.8653194308280945,
-0.014598697423934937,
-0.0806683674454689,
-0.4172585606575012,
-0.41154929995536804,
-0.7712089419364929,
0.4265368580818176,
-0.01732175052165985,
0.8961595296859741,
0.8465903401374817,
0.3560888171195984,
0.1580796092748642,
1.4493440389633179,
0.3571891188621521,
0.04951082170009613,
0.024169236421585083,
-0.8165979981422424,
-0.11151245981454849,
0.29115211963653564,
0.23171158134937286,
-0.7439256310462952,
0.5865728855133057,
0.21792399883270264,
0.6356486678123474,
-1.1249457597732544,
-0.04926067590713501,
-0.37958425283432007,
1.2931272983551025,
-0.07955728471279144,
-0.5731120109558105,
-0.8034535646438599,
0.22730642557144165,
-0.15892013907432556,
-0.41238081455230713,
0.30555635690689087,
0.6376230716705322,
-0.9481186866760254,
-0.9079575538635254,
-0.22635802626609802,
0.6926754713058472,
0.4134434163570404,
-0.8706451058387756,
-0.08156095445156097,
-0.3528614342212677,
-0.3085877001285553,
1.0196328163146973,
0.5830862522125244,
0.5975245833396912,
-0.6540798544883728,
-0.5450775623321533,
0.955398678779602,
-0.28693461418151855,
0.17971836030483246,
-0.0964536964893341,
0.17742513120174408,
-0.04581928253173828,
-0.47888654470443726,
-0.6581991910934448,
-0.5780860185623169,
0.3942693769931793,
0.12117518484592438,
0.04362260922789574,
0.6617394685745239,
0.21929551661014557,
0.681098461151123,
-0.18448737263679504,
-0.572213351726532,
-0.21990954875946045,
-0.05234399810433388,
0.9223272800445557,
-0.26606765389442444,
0.437278687953949,
-0.0006080865859985352,
-0.10195650160312653,
-1.0963819026947021,
0.850414514541626,
-0.3867788314819336,
-0.6272605657577515,
-0.4949606657028198,
-0.3482882082462311,
0.3628207743167877,
0.3935970067977905,
-0.3821161687374115,
0.6309239864349365,
0.6560896635055542,
0.219476580619812,
-0.1685381382703781,
-0.17468617856502533,
-0.37712162733078003,
-0.913876473903656,
0.20168665051460266,
-0.6229633688926697,
0.2732248902320862,
-0.1947837769985199,
-0.20286601781845093,
0.09763002395629883,
0.3549570143222809,
0.6736308932304382,
-0.3145247995853424,
-0.34322673082351685,
-0.7059996128082275,
0.3865143656730652,
-0.1588241457939148,
0.05138099193572998,
0.11604923009872437,
-0.6647264957427979,
-0.8187989592552185,
-0.1247205138206482,
0.39158451557159424,
0.5549682378768921,
0.23603901267051697,
0.5211885571479797,
0.9410625100135803,
0.6077525019645691,
0.7820237874984741,
0.5692874789237976,
0.9368075132369995,
0.07597482204437256,
-0.21150287985801697,
-0.8797580003738403,
0.8405210971832275,
1.0974198579788208,
-1.2594417333602905,
-1.0974291563034058,
-1.0044546127319336,
-0.08440989255905151,
-0.5804522037506104,
0.7159457206726074,
-0.14190444350242615,
0.8960353136062622,
-0.09738795459270477,
1.3226125240325928,
-0.35462120175361633,
-0.8111505508422852,
-0.17931438982486725,
0.3372865915298462,
-0.27010881900787354,
0.31190183758735657,
-0.3982730209827423,
0.3113402724266052,
-0.1827564239501953,
-0.10368895530700684,
0.6223365068435669,
0.15686091780662537,
0.44598883390426636,
-0.6041032075881958,
0.007683023810386658,
-0.1623040735721588,
0.58920818567276,
0.1359337568283081,
-0.8974369764328003,
-0.09775841236114502,
0.8951124548912048,
-1.3310741186141968,
0.9765115976333618,
0.24906668066978455,
-0.08122670650482178,
-0.2723940908908844,
0.8660160899162292,
0.9129840731620789,
0.3277996778488159,
0.4638056755065918,
0.2504814863204956,
-0.7188177108764648,
-0.25223425030708313,
-0.17993779480457306,
-0.5850802063941956,
-0.8771710991859436,
0.09069511294364929,
-0.7897912263870239,
-0.19713406264781952,
-0.5427228212356567,
0.24965143203735352,
0.4211926758289337,
0.31328678131103516,
-0.6291818022727966,
0.44462069869041443,
-0.02242305874824524,
0.15834426879882812,
0.5911350250244141,
1.0459482669830322,
-0.4016004204750061,
-0.54865562915802,
0.2664510905742645,
-0.907747745513916,
-0.03467470407485962,
-0.7824254035949707,
0.38442686200141907,
0.007393334060907364,
0.9860168695449829,
0.6546742916107178,
-0.5561873316764832,
-0.06290339678525925,
-0.5437386631965637,
-0.07214739918708801,
0.39664357900619507,
0.022518038749694824,
0.7536978721618652,
-0.9553914666175842,
0.0939294695854187,
-0.5731959342956543,
0.2620511054992676,
1.1657946109771729,
-0.6801595091819763,
0.401067852973938,
0.7471731901168823,
-0.5823983550071716,
-0.2884884476661682,
-0.16090762615203857,
1.254817247390747,
0.058746278285980225,
0.8253178596496582,
0.07098735868930817,
1.3332428932189941,
0.29740577936172485,
-0.6713652014732361,
0.0993400365114212,
0.02660226821899414,
-0.8112680912017822,
-0.4694606065750122,
-0.21990549564361572,
-0.30598458647727966,
-0.6918874382972717,
-0.23721255362033844,
0.20236150920391083,
-0.14703479409217834,
0.6816984415054321,
-0.4467616379261017,
0.4781027138233185,
-0.22955124080181122,
0.022692590951919556,
0.00782102346420288,
0.3066330552101135,
0.6481001377105713,
0.20621323585510254,
0.014123201370239258,
0.5436685085296631,
-0.4006064534187317,
0.009501412510871887,
0.2475365847349167,
1.0550450086593628,
0.2587302029132843,
-0.4261835217475891,
-0.664196252822876,
0.4891130328178406,
0.6808664202690125,
-0.16368332505226135,
-0.1886988878250122,
-0.20550507307052612,
0.6835463047027588,
-0.6117382049560547,
0.5683917999267578,
-0.024399515241384506,
0.8257182836532593,
0.4038577973842621,
-0.3965863287448883,
-0.2508094906806946,
-0.9018054604530334,
-0.15811488032341003,
-0.20987392961978912,
-0.5430557131767273,
-0.06884366273880005,
0.7433204650878906,
-0.18037642538547516,
0.7253397703170776,
-0.14638406038284302
] |
what happened to thunderstorms making antimatter? | [nasa announced in 2011 that thunderstorms may be creating antimatter.](_url_0_) i haven't seen or heard anything about it since then. did this turn out to be false? | nothing happened. it was an interesting discovery, but not entirely unexpected. electrical discharges in thunderstorms are able to accelerate electrons to such energies that production of positrons can occur, after some intermediate process in which the high energy electron creates a high energy photon, for example through brehmstrahlung. computer simulations, performed in the research group where i did my phd research, predict these high energy electrons and the consequent production of positrons. so both theory (simulation) and experiment (observation) agree pretty well here. positrons are also not extremely exciting particles. the term "antimatter" still carries somewhat of an aura of mystery, making it especially nice for media. but we've been using antimatter for some time already, for example in pet-scans (pet = positron emission tomography). there is followup research being done on positron emissions from thunderstorms, both on experimental and theoretical fronts. the atmospheric electricity community has some satelite projects that are being prepared that may look at this phenomenon. the initial detection of the positrons was done by a satelite that was intended for deep space observations, rather than dedicated to looking at earth-based signals, so observationally, there is still plenty of room for improvement. what the precise status of the theory and observations are, i don't know, as i am no longer active in this field. but it does not surprise me that after the initial media-buzz around antimatter, the general public did not hear much more about it. | 12 | [] | [
"http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2011/11jan_antimatter/"
] | [] | [
-2.837053060531616,
0.712546169757843,
1.0270923376083374,
2.916137933731079,
2.307807683944702,
-2.9724090099334717,
-2.3788399696350098,
-2.114752769470215,
0.18802475929260254,
-1.2091560363769531,
2.2630279064178467,
1.0571682453155518,
-1.1010246276855469,
-1.8954662084579468,
-0.29215165972709656,
-0.7980271577835083,
-1.197566270828247,
-1.9050952196121216,
-2.7714266777038574,
0.9296759366989136,
-3.7995474338531494,
-2.3358678817749023,
0.7779644727706909,
-1.6219427585601807,
0.05581468343734741,
0.14968472719192505,
-1.0927841663360596,
-2.229379415512085,
-0.6893550157546997,
0.523819088935852,
0.07509121298789978,
-0.05105692148208618,
-0.24795669317245483,
-1.5942516326904297,
-1.3000156879425049,
0.14639019966125488,
2.016556739807129,
1.9556066989898682,
1.2479565143585205,
1.0439302921295166,
-0.8510768413543701,
-1.562788963317871,
1.3126213550567627,
0.20631101727485657,
-1.2485668659210205,
0.9984347820281982,
2.0235674381256104,
-2.137362003326416,
-2.4948549270629883,
-2.0974743366241455,
-0.14913290739059448,
1.3449944257736206,
-0.1425146907567978,
0.11195249855518341,
-2.562079906463623,
-1.1435474157333374,
0.5730018019676208,
-1.831774353981018,
-0.6194289326667786,
-1.9914875030517578,
1.3002040386199951,
-0.9914937019348145,
-2.7127530574798584,
1.2616829872131348,
4.631697654724121,
-0.17079998552799225,
0.6403818130493164,
-0.9768754243850708,
2.945409059524536,
0.9781265258789062,
1.2325230836868286,
2.8757832050323486,
-3.2176342010498047,
-1.0093200206756592,
-0.04901963472366333,
1.815750241279602,
0.3634560704231262,
1.8521010875701904,
3.447813034057617,
-2.261796474456787,
4.8655924797058105,
-1.32310950756073,
-3.247109889984131,
1.9188556671142578,
-1.658878207206726,
2.7743968963623047,
1.146074652671814,
1.0529489517211914,
-0.6978734731674194,
-2.227917194366455,
-1.1287267208099365,
-1.2477813959121704,
-1.647902488708496,
0.6255959868431091,
0.02993272803723812,
2.6648142337799072,
1.672067642211914,
0.9418088793754578,
1.2991485595703125,
1.2435978651046753,
-0.3335497975349426,
-1.3649685382843018,
-4.4403462409973145,
0.18263086676597595,
-2.7604622840881348,
-1.5453886985778809,
-0.7559148073196411,
0.25796937942504883,
1.8216400146484375,
-0.4045957028865814,
0.3114425539970398,
-1.0288591384887695,
-0.8968183398246765,
-2.243868827819824,
-0.2789529263973236,
-0.7255759835243225,
1.2152241468429565,
0.056234829127788544,
-0.9039905667304993,
-2.8199462890625,
-0.05758114159107208,
-2.6734540462493896,
0.7204687595367432,
0.11016736924648285,
2.4044554233551025,
0.6122328042984009,
0.5746749639511108,
2.9020609855651855,
-0.12102687358856201,
0.6900342702865601,
2.6075401306152344,
-2.7971720695495605,
0.049062132835388184,
-1.6674108505249023,
-0.1775878667831421,
0.40092945098876953,
3.9872097969055176,
0.02901175618171692,
-1.3634529113769531,
3.6889829635620117,
0.5704851746559143,
1.1261053085327148,
-0.5123103857040405,
-0.8179452419281006,
-0.40512287616729736,
2.7149908542633057,
2.2398011684417725,
0.17858009040355682,
0.5940009355545044,
-1.5350463390350342,
-1.7236931324005127,
-1.8521380424499512,
2.557243585586548,
-0.09857645630836487,
1.8336631059646606,
-0.3731469511985779,
-3.3764188289642334,
0.9686713814735413,
1.9618632793426514,
3.5224192142486572,
-1.3955283164978027,
2.117438554763794,
0.5541203618049622,
1.2935887575149536,
-1.6847776174545288,
-0.33257102966308594,
-0.18848037719726562,
-2.512864112854004,
2.2904701232910156,
1.9527548551559448,
-2.8828182220458984,
-1.0479393005371094,
3.751279592514038,
-2.727207899093628,
-2.3186845779418945,
-1.9824625253677368,
-3.1544971466064453,
2.304708957672119,
1.650460958480835,
4.009305000305176,
-0.8229873776435852,
0.3544270396232605,
5.772335052490234,
3.0921807289123535,
0.8946971893310547,
-0.23879693448543549,
3.786776304244995,
1.8232848644256592,
-1.2863221168518066,
-0.09689909219741821,
-2.4318432807922363,
-0.9487912058830261,
1.5115878582000732,
0.9687508940696716,
-1.1528929471969604,
-1.167600393295288,
-3.703367233276367,
0.20810970664024353,
1.1527230739593506,
-1.7605119943618774,
-2.2285215854644775,
-4.769402503967285,
0.5118194818496704,
0.556304931640625,
-0.2585509419441223,
0.2472587525844574,
-0.02796769142150879,
-1.436484456062317,
-2.2033445835113525,
-3.5980875492095947,
-1.3375126123428345,
-2.609212636947632,
-2.2118170261383057,
0.7474335432052612,
-0.756271243095398,
4.405072212219238,
-1.7938776016235352,
-3.273479461669922,
2.4039759635925293,
1.6315877437591553,
-0.9389835596084595,
-2.0438551902770996,
-1.257694125175476,
-2.4849350452423096,
-1.5585205554962158,
-3.429605484008789,
-3.283294916152954,
-0.5087929964065552,
-1.4681549072265625,
3.4228017330169678,
-2.520029067993164,
-0.2795174717903137,
1.4733375310897827,
2.4386165142059326,
1.9271438121795654,
0.6077303290367126,
-2.2832465171813965,
0.155567929148674,
-1.2659374475479126,
-0.8303007483482361,
-1.5403279066085815,
-0.9410947561264038,
-1.4120063781738281,
1.9586608409881592,
0.5776525139808655,
2.871654748916626,
0.21940335631370544,
0.10552148520946503,
-1.7487459182739258,
1.397545576095581,
2.159038543701172,
-0.657649576663971,
-0.6575220823287964,
-0.8860632181167603,
-0.5110049843788147,
2.0645835399627686,
-0.8966501355171204,
0.8965976238250732,
2.0944716930389404,
3.1182754039764404,
5.414516925811768,
0.06256996095180511,
-1.4641876220703125,
-3.513065814971924,
0.016232937574386597,
3.0392158031463623,
0.8377671837806702,
2.146083116531372,
-0.8664257526397705,
-0.3287467956542969,
-3.733079195022583,
0.9761782288551331,
-1.0627110004425049,
-0.47628533840179443,
2.3588085174560547,
-2.3233532905578613,
-0.2845548689365387,
-2.0214462280273438,
-0.38955721259117126,
1.282844066619873,
0.22573770582675934,
-1.6607160568237305,
0.9598433971405029,
0.7183106541633606,
0.7060823440551758,
-2.417325973510742,
-2.403050422668457,
-1.6854796409606934,
-0.34988731145858765,
-1.8293468952178955,
-1.769827961921692,
4.5782952308654785,
1.8503917455673218,
-0.7997565269470215,
3.524932861328125,
1.7107865810394287,
-0.3571816086769104,
-0.2037053257226944,
-0.10562919080257416,
-0.09092885255813599,
2.309706449508667,
-3.6290123462677,
-1.8459405899047852,
1.740835189819336,
-3.028229236602783,
1.1792458295822144,
2.9499447345733643,
-2.414513111114502,
2.304680347442627,
-1.631642460823059,
-3.9721250534057617,
-3.3026533126831055,
2.3166558742523193,
0.8439002633094788,
-2.186875820159912,
2.0265908241271973,
-0.49364951252937317,
0.7480796575546265,
1.5911914110183716,
1.464888572692871,
1.7187504768371582,
0.9100490808486938,
0.9518440365791321,
-0.6289138793945312,
1.039631962776184,
-0.9512219429016113,
-0.810110867023468,
-0.18495243787765503,
1.165281891822815,
-2.0069503784179688,
-1.418666124343872,
0.3272077441215515,
2.477583885192871,
0.19028180837631226,
4.116703033447266,
2.4672415256500244,
-0.31468045711517334,
-2.610565185546875,
-2.3523855209350586,
2.331815242767334,
1.129658579826355,
2.586390733718872,
1.5100176334381104,
1.2415778636932373,
1.7850399017333984,
2.043781280517578,
0.8689074516296387,
1.0513094663619995,
-3.19958233833313,
0.5019687414169312,
-3.749704122543335,
3.0520546436309814,
1.4116935729980469,
0.9288716912269592,
3.962461233139038,
-0.8207206726074219,
-0.18987812101840973,
0.2651117146015167,
0.7688500881195068,
-2.3752834796905518,
-1.1901764869689941,
2.157090902328491,
0.752651035785675,
3.8228189945220947,
-0.15829813480377197,
3.457301616668701,
-3.0392074584960938,
-2.2932024002075195,
0.1738719940185547,
1.2197805643081665,
-0.07623869180679321,
2.5934629440307617,
0.9684711694717407,
-2.9852027893066406,
-0.5863134860992432,
-1.7249348163604736,
-1.4989266395568848,
-0.8677121996879578,
-1.1874843835830688,
0.8050191402435303,
1.5244050025939941,
1.557255506515503,
0.08213618397712708,
2.1852054595947266
] |
given enough time, would a heavy metal placed on top of a lighter metal "sink", or move through the lighter metal so that the heavy one ended up on the bottom? | if i put a hunk of pure lead on top of a hunk of pure iron and let them stay for as long as needed, would the iron ever end up on top? | the heavier metal will not "sink" below the lighter metal if they are both solid. what can occur however is solid-solid diffusion, which would result in a lead-iron alloy. the individual atoms move via substitutional or interstitial impurities, from areas of high concentration to areas of lower concentration. given enough time the entire system would become a single phase. this could be sped up if the temperature was increased. | 9 | [] | [] | [] | [
-1.178375005722046,
1.2122416496276855,
0.6177531480789185,
1.6208398342132568,
-0.2316223531961441,
-0.9047198295593262,
-0.19633764028549194,
0.2530585527420044,
-0.4685196578502655,
-0.3210988938808441,
0.48375630378723145,
0.09083700180053711,
-0.15774810314178467,
-1.0456149578094482,
0.7970040440559387,
0.33360427618026733,
-0.409222275018692,
0.4775356650352478,
-1.7208752632141113,
-0.07432487607002258,
-0.03644829988479614,
-0.616408109664917,
-1.096631646156311,
-0.13186423480510712,
0.14298662543296814,
0.5928345918655396,
0.24413543939590454,
0.13032402098178864,
0.7392019033432007,
-0.05500553548336029,
0.23309622704982758,
-0.05833837389945984,
0.4541800916194916,
-0.5575249791145325,
-0.37680724263191223,
-0.14596880972385406,
0.3444877564907074,
-0.5702831745147705,
-0.7721012234687805,
0.5807709693908691,
-0.2184107005596161,
0.10982543230056763,
0.4929245412349701,
0.9781242609024048,
0.024805262684822083,
1.05776846408844,
0.4829579293727875,
0.10463997721672058,
-0.8615261316299438,
-0.9405273795127869,
-0.07291170209646225,
0.03744634985923767,
0.15091770887374878,
0.36591070890426636,
-0.9392707943916321,
0.19022154808044434,
0.6897944211959839,
-0.5538104176521301,
-0.27860450744628906,
-0.8810462355613708,
0.2904784381389618,
0.020001739263534546,
-0.22011059522628784,
-0.3290703296661377,
2.2645132541656494,
0.3542841374874115,
1.1485211849212646,
-0.07566650211811066,
-0.5683357119560242,
0.7420654892921448,
0.499463826417923,
0.4532150328159332,
-0.345013290643692,
-1.6690452098846436,
0.6617475152015686,
0.18647277355194092,
-0.7390614748001099,
0.8154900670051575,
1.0346267223358154,
0.017492681741714478,
-0.04418933391571045,
-0.9478902816772461,
-1.633402943611145,
-1.3588179349899292,
-0.28461718559265137,
0.2273368239402771,
0.40359556674957275,
0.20443391799926758,
-0.4532731771469116,
-0.3627721667289734,
-0.616300642490387,
0.3760542869567871,
-1.3080904483795166,
0.5567300319671631,
0.8365440368652344,
1.845682144165039,
-0.6309484243392944,
-0.622890830039978,
0.5403014421463013,
-0.6147593855857849,
-0.14382755756378174,
-0.3731093406677246,
-2.6433229446411133,
-0.07601554691791534,
-2.0072576999664307,
-0.6171919703483582,
0.2834697961807251,
0.9060561656951904,
-0.565695583820343,
0.3808368146419525,
0.7167223691940308,
0.40689021348953247,
0.3431006073951721,
-0.02196843922138214,
0.5214659571647644,
-0.7687045335769653,
0.4735560417175293,
0.8691622018814087,
-0.5220028162002563,
-1.2770884037017822,
-0.3526844382286072,
-0.2664673924446106,
-0.5721965432167053,
-0.22712436318397522,
0.48744770884513855,
0.04342445358633995,
0.6555169820785522,
0.38974177837371826,
-0.8094210624694824,
-1.0539532899856567,
0.22815626859664917,
-0.2769162356853485,
0.6372522711753845,
0.1492016315460205,
-0.29815995693206787,
-0.2740101218223572,
0.1634291112422943,
0.47618257999420166,
-0.39424413442611694,
0.8768987655639648,
-0.039591968059539795,
0.4862971305847168,
-0.18206486105918884,
-1.5101981163024902,
0.5256377458572388,
0.9585548639297485,
0.021878987550735474,
-0.5207078456878662,
-0.2912939488887787,
0.2922042906284332,
-0.5617477893829346,
-0.31021109223365784,
0.22511416673660278,
-0.08823157846927643,
0.08270809054374695,
-0.5497992038726807,
-1.106835126876831,
-0.059358492493629456,
0.6010981798171997,
1.1021435260772705,
-1.4204707145690918,
0.9944247007369995,
-0.26363733410835266,
1.0284161567687988,
-0.34296053647994995,
0.8125491142272949,
0.2433016300201416,
-0.9295276403427124,
0.6991763710975647,
0.12020882964134216,
0.15884947776794434,
0.38211819529533386,
0.5858023166656494,
-0.4095773696899414,
-0.7936550378799438,
0.0701880007982254,
-1.9260690212249756,
-0.19172942638397217,
0.1101241409778595,
0.5614288449287415,
0.7883379459381104,
0.5799723863601685,
1.166506052017212,
0.5409882068634033,
0.21438586711883545,
0.10888809710741043,
0.9840455055236816,
0.8367505073547363,
-0.8294793367385864,
1.0142263174057007,
-0.4638025164604187,
0.6120650768280029,
-0.12392459809780121,
0.4186479449272156,
-0.12584127485752106,
-0.23503684997558594,
-0.9968956112861633,
0.3908596634864807,
0.24870958924293518,
-0.11197023093700409,
1.1026430130004883,
0.6091268658638,
-0.4760468006134033,
0.4544619917869568,
-0.3732978105545044,
-0.22604520618915558,
0.05536487698554993,
-0.8980153203010559,
-1.0972849130630493,
0.32218629121780396,
-0.7200872302055359,
-1.588796615600586,
-0.3316883444786072,
0.7127367854118347,
-1.1304446458816528,
0.2345583289861679,
0.34742018580436707,
-0.5609106421470642,
-0.16658833622932434,
0.01733464002609253,
1.7492448091506958,
-0.3845026195049286,
0.32178062200546265,
-0.969977855682373,
1.2693755626678467,
-0.6563199162483215,
-0.007975906133651733,
0.08735853433609009,
0.5958850383758545,
0.08744865655899048,
0.05751696228981018,
0.03631371259689331,
0.1953686773777008,
0.6403622031211853,
1.0588799715042114,
0.09501466155052185,
-0.8002723455429077,
0.3999708294868469,
0.321694552898407,
0.3032986521720886,
0.376636266708374,
-0.7018522620201111,
0.5915687084197998,
0.2675759196281433,
0.9222906827926636,
0.182316854596138,
0.10664858669042587,
0.8850725889205933,
-0.12569080293178558,
0.007604468613862991,
-1.290757417678833,
0.7448892593383789,
-0.19524571299552917,
0.6558408737182617,
-0.2601747512817383,
0.31566667556762695,
0.48580798506736755,
-0.20860984921455383,
-1.406003713607788,
-0.6040765047073364,
0.820793867111206,
-0.5865426063537598,
-0.3524661958217621,
-0.4623381793498993,
0.5102353692054749,
0.19587872922420502,
0.16470256447792053,
0.10228972136974335,
0.12633764743804932,
-0.17271248996257782,
0.810822069644928,
-0.558231770992279,
-0.3765578866004944,
-0.6046351194381714,
1.1935396194458008,
-0.7479624152183533,
-0.27406495809555054,
0.4134121537208557,
-0.17633351683616638,
0.511956512928009,
-0.25235408544540405,
-1.2683433294296265,
-0.7933926582336426,
0.6939376592636108,
0.8868712186813354,
-1.0414531230926514,
0.5554589033126831,
-1.3854502439498901,
-0.07409149408340454,
-0.6069939732551575,
-0.40745261311531067,
0.8202369213104248,
1.0154192447662354,
-0.25373247265815735,
1.998624324798584,
0.7974536418914795,
0.4279639720916748,
0.7620338797569275,
0.5311998128890991,
-1.5041680335998535,
0.5985293984413147,
0.4902072548866272,
-0.5266283750534058,
0.2881818413734436,
-1.9001438617706299,
1.1812412738800049,
-0.32514116168022156,
0.4999913275241852,
-0.00875711441040039,
-0.6932944059371948,
-0.24190762639045715,
-1.338131308555603,
0.32994043827056885,
-0.5455944538116455,
-1.8024146556854248,
0.23835355043411255,
1.1143484115600586,
0.5919951796531677,
-0.001317441463470459,
0.2507895231246948,
-0.024042759090662003,
0.06172345578670502,
0.4390024244785309,
0.7363113164901733,
0.10771724581718445,
0.18198910355567932,
-0.07819335162639618,
-0.686210036277771,
0.18405944108963013,
-1.169539213180542,
0.014395743608474731,
-0.4674624800682068,
1.5788017511367798,
-0.07443848252296448,
0.5450842380523682,
0.9153161644935608,
-0.6216119527816772,
-0.5477381348609924,
-1.0389173030853271,
-0.06575548648834229,
-0.3686538636684418,
0.10527697205543518,
1.6018697023391724,
0.770561695098877,
0.45497286319732666,
0.43814557790756226,
-0.04901663959026337,
-0.5924210548400879,
-1.3980340957641602,
0.8252008557319641,
-1.364518642425537,
0.6489627361297607,
1.6863021850585938,
0.3967672288417816,
1.4965863227844238,
-0.7750797271728516,
-0.6699783802032471,
1.0103492736816406,
0.09794076532125473,
-0.08394807577133179,
-1.4071362018585205,
-0.23489177227020264,
-0.32174327969551086,
1.129615068435669,
0.23914426565170288,
-0.7271251678466797,
-1.1913124322891235,
0.7087331414222717,
-0.4196614623069763,
1.210949182510376,
1.0615530014038086,
1.8097319602966309,
0.20072366297245026,
-0.35600772500038147,
0.528863787651062,
-0.5300551652908325,
-1.1801986694335938,
0.23795011639595032,
-1.4444680213928223,
0.23979920148849487,
0.6437544822692871,
-0.6264657378196716,
0.04927714169025421,
0.5918582081794739
] |
what is the discrepancy in indigo homo/lumo gap? | i was reading this [paper](_url_1_) it says indigo has a gap energy of 0.855 ev but then i read this [paper](_url_0_) that says it is 1.7 ev, which happens to be exactly double making me think i missed something. i am new to this field, could anyone explain the difference, or is one wrong? thanks. | the first paper is garbage - their cv would never survive publication and even at that their reported voltages you can see in their cv don't match the table below and they don't report enough to make sense of what they did. if you want a 'universal' value, go with 1.7-1.9 ev, with the exact value dictated by conditions of measurement - the second paper measures 1.7 ev with ito, while [this thesis](_url_0_) measures indigo molecule at 1.9 ev (table 4.1, page 83) using tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate as the electrolyte. [this paper](_url_1_) measures both by cv (1.7 ev) - near-identical to your second paper - and 1.9 ev by uv-vis (e=hc/λ given the maximum absorption at ~650 nm). | 3 | [] | [
"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adma.201102619",
"https://aip.scitation.org/doi/pdf/10.1063/1.5024126?class=pdf"
] | [
"https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1266&context=etd_oa",
"https://www.scientificbulletin.upb.ro/rev_docs_arhiva/full982_152789.pdf"
] | [
-1.8353978395462036,
1.2065796852111816,
-1.2655839920043945,
0.29765555262565613,
0.39059045910835266,
-0.13510382175445557,
0.7047194242477417,
1.7225192785263062,
1.5845929384231567,
-0.3646433651447296,
1.9755027294158936,
-0.49647411704063416,
-0.08022536337375641,
-1.283874273300171,
-1.7528126239776611,
-1.7228912115097046,
-0.486710786819458,
-0.8052492141723633,
-1.7574421167373657,
0.5277388691902161,
0.6357700824737549,
1.6753003597259521,
-0.44927307963371277,
0.08612047880887985,
0.07004936039447784,
1.000054121017456,
-1.6205443143844604,
0.9195981025695801,
0.10245206952095032,
-0.6188762187957764,
0.8851008415222168,
1.5608065128326416,
-0.0867990255355835,
0.5849059820175171,
1.7573541402816772,
-1.8414855003356934,
0.6303923726081848,
0.10913684219121933,
-0.47493070363998413,
-1.2097245454788208,
0.37214547395706177,
-0.7148789167404175,
-0.0038935765624046326,
1.1057652235031128,
0.08205542713403702,
0.1557263433933258,
0.3004179000854492,
-0.5181378722190857,
-0.522491455078125,
0.34916871786117554,
-0.6128548383712769,
0.7286810278892517,
-1.0285838842391968,
0.23350149393081665,
-0.5846956968307495,
0.4836624264717102,
-0.39399200677871704,
-0.9378258585929871,
-0.5982078909873962,
-0.3991057574748993,
-0.3537754416465759,
0.5867440700531006,
-0.2765711545944214,
0.5700403451919556,
0.3879336714744568,
0.8183524012565613,
0.2140558660030365,
-0.27710869908332825,
-0.21516789495944977,
1.4631009101867676,
-0.9454718828201294,
-0.7456205487251282,
-1.7505406141281128,
1.1483128070831299,
0.7297804951667786,
1.7199805974960327,
-1.4641088247299194,
0.35322973132133484,
0.022667676210403442,
-0.7573240995407104,
-0.29219508171081543,
-1.1549880504608154,
-0.4676237404346466,
-1.0014911890029907,
-0.02262967824935913,
0.7421450018882751,
1.5626338720321655,
0.4772070050239563,
1.1333885192871094,
0.5729681253433228,
1.5170164108276367,
0.3108218014240265,
-1.125180721282959,
0.03365343436598778,
-0.24574796855449677,
0.7335759401321411,
-0.018571406602859497,
-0.7322278022766113,
0.9937622547149658,
0.9047943353652954,
-0.7048195004463196,
0.646928608417511,
-2.2360036373138428,
-0.16997480392456055,
-0.9324053525924683,
-0.6533793210983276,
0.15804724395275116,
0.05450546741485596,
0.061426445841789246,
0.038212500512599945,
0.2734470069408417,
-1.8457635641098022,
0.20725849270820618,
-0.41485849022865295,
1.1590824127197266,
-0.5105833411216736,
0.6538470983505249,
0.13077451288700104,
-0.19534698128700256,
-0.1023869514465332,
-0.7188035249710083,
-0.032049864530563354,
0.13913801312446594,
0.4785288870334625,
-0.30027350783348083,
0.8308247923851013,
1.0235226154327393,
0.8669731616973877,
-0.3726629316806793,
0.8791089057922363,
1.4157928228378296,
-2.1327614784240723,
0.330543577671051,
0.7821784019470215,
-0.8967227339744568,
1.174335241317749,
0.8382281064987183,
0.3888677656650543,
-0.6947344541549683,
2.06462025642395,
0.755895733833313,
0.26480814814567566,
-0.8683704733848572,
0.8855462074279785,
-0.265181303024292,
0.9416074156761169,
0.591781735420227,
-1.126721978187561,
0.20474915206432343,
-0.3272857367992401,
0.7043325304985046,
0.035403549671173096,
-0.5776845216751099,
0.06765162944793701,
-0.9212480783462524,
-0.8779601454734802,
-0.5369789004325867,
1.2383005619049072,
0.6742779612541199,
-0.045224521309137344,
-1.1474452018737793,
-0.8079034090042114,
0.45760977268218994,
2.7356948852539062,
0.44524407386779785,
0.9418800473213196,
0.6895956993103027,
-0.18417561054229736,
-1.3850635290145874,
1.2134679555892944,
0.4406962990760803,
0.3093371093273163,
0.10497799515724182,
0.09864814579486847,
0.7522124648094177,
-1.0636049509048462,
0.6628742218017578,
0.8671345710754395,
-1.4040930271148682,
-0.5387083292007446,
-0.10515627264976501,
1.0762012004852295,
1.6405198574066162,
1.581634759902954,
-0.5361863374710083,
0.48150166869163513,
0.5468016266822815,
0.6508060097694397,
-1.365361213684082,
1.5562890768051147,
-0.39683642983436584,
-0.17451274394989014,
-0.6243269443511963,
2.06272554397583,
-0.487807959318161,
-1.855370044708252,
0.3271026611328125,
-1.388697862625122,
-0.019226595759391785,
-1.7064934968948364,
1.6097337007522583,
-0.21871380507946014,
0.004945814609527588,
-0.025160424411296844,
0.5987251996994019,
-0.8641583323478699,
0.2523932456970215,
0.3776001036167145,
-2.159884452819824,
0.2924363315105438,
0.039089664816856384,
-2.0661509037017822,
-0.46320903301239014,
-1.3878798484802246,
0.6429307460784912,
0.9634526371955872,
-0.9509058594703674,
-0.7172651886940002,
0.26279425621032715,
0.16270849108695984,
-0.32767564058303833,
-0.6524879336357117,
0.5676708221435547,
-0.9061902761459351,
-0.9087613821029663,
-0.3842954635620117,
-1.2433676719665527,
0.6157680153846741,
-0.8649907112121582,
0.24454309046268463,
0.2630884647369385,
0.6219475865364075,
1.1834203004837036,
0.4169064462184906,
0.9720958471298218,
-0.060533761978149414,
-1.067697525024414,
-1.1316689252853394,
0.36654555797576904,
-1.8353170156478882,
-1.4487287998199463,
-0.31660184264183044,
0.16093729436397552,
1.4711347818374634,
-0.266076922416687,
-0.2092011570930481,
0.004696518182754517,
1.8928077220916748,
0.8669219017028809,
0.22477152943611145,
-1.585755705833435,
0.4337717890739441,
0.8170817494392395,
-0.29900264739990234,
0.38356146216392517,
0.0081934854388237,
0.1217736303806305,
1.1549265384674072,
-0.5376070737838745,
-1.5646759271621704,
1.6213130950927734,
0.18665051460266113,
0.3561944365501404,
0.69964599609375,
0.7373627424240112,
1.1457104682922363,
-0.018697567284107208,
-1.1814041137695312,
-0.46375980973243713,
-0.2658449113368988,
0.10040831565856934,
-0.9595460295677185,
1.621993899345398,
-0.4618532657623291,
1.647061824798584,
-0.5770042538642883,
-0.6857755184173584,
0.7060630917549133,
0.23748886585235596,
-0.47142067551612854,
0.8518702387809753,
0.023459475487470627,
-1.4600285291671753,
-0.43413686752319336,
0.5190734267234802,
-0.35079535841941833,
-0.46431657671928406,
-0.5715240240097046,
-1.0584503412246704,
-0.9894570708274841,
0.7426829934120178,
-0.15327414870262146,
0.3360588848590851,
-0.14772945642471313,
0.9230406880378723,
-0.22039794921875,
1.3195805549621582,
-1.8909575939178467,
0.08096442371606827,
-0.6111323833465576,
-0.9712843894958496,
-0.18078337609767914,
0.27477121353149414,
-0.27511096000671387,
-1.341810941696167,
1.1799099445343018,
0.3376809358596802,
0.48400676250457764,
1.8756792545318604,
-1.8050178289413452,
0.38047054409980774,
-1.3610550165176392,
0.19860602915287018,
1.5419647693634033,
-1.0782932043075562,
0.4764437973499298,
-1.6159273386001587,
0.8186366558074951,
0.4421348571777344,
0.9303249716758728,
1.0073347091674805,
-0.3854175806045532,
1.596628189086914,
0.5510590672492981,
1.3168190717697144,
0.4806174039840698,
-0.04035186767578125,
-1.3411438465118408,
-0.22149497270584106,
0.18633460998535156,
0.7768527269363403,
-0.4643426835536957,
-0.5065978169441223,
-0.23833446204662323,
-1.121626377105713,
-0.6012496948242188,
-0.33851855993270874,
-0.6994714736938477,
-0.5994272232055664,
-0.3295758366584778,
-1.2263234853744507,
1.2448430061340332,
0.05748170614242554,
-1.791750192642212,
1.462862253189087,
0.19764471054077148,
0.0857323631644249,
-0.6246173977851868,
-0.868017315864563,
0.35066112875938416,
-0.47457563877105713,
1.146269679069519,
2.0866739749908447,
0.10796654224395752,
0.5758460760116577,
-1.6508047580718994,
0.21122130751609802,
0.09241494536399841,
-0.6450039148330688,
0.520117998123169,
-0.5149771571159363,
-0.6005955338478088,
-1.8457890748977661,
0.5483602285385132,
0.5285702347755432,
0.8784525394439697,
-0.34381991624832153,
0.37176191806793213,
0.21562398970127106,
-0.2975166141986847,
0.05088894069194794,
-0.22493761777877808,
-0.18776880204677582,
-0.6284444332122803,
-0.7129407525062561,
-1.8696098327636719,
-0.704220175743103,
-0.28638195991516113,
-1.1229139566421509,
-0.6263275742530823,
1.7368276119232178,
-0.12520398199558258,
1.4202840328216553,
-0.24579468369483948
] |
video game "optics" - why does 90 fov look so weird? | an image: _url_0_ so here's what i'm thinking: the fov (field of view) in a game works basically like the screen is a window into the game world, but you're looking at it with a single eye from a very close distance. so basically it'd look correct if you close one eye and just move closer to the screen, right? 70 fov would be like your eye being 30cm/15 inches from the screen, and 90 fov would be 20cm/10 inches (not accurately converted). well, that doesn't work with this image. the guy on the left's face might look less stretched out, but it never looks completely normal, and the edge marked with a red line never becomes perfectly straight despite being a perfectly vertical edge in the game. why is this? is it really impossible to make it like this, or what's the deal here? | you're right up to the point where you take out the numbers, which make no sense to me. the fov is the angle subtended horizontally by the screen. so if the fov is 90° for example it means the screen extends from 45° left to 45° right in your field of vision. the correct viewing distance is the one where the fov with which you render equals the actual fov. a bit of trigonometry should convince you this distance is d = (l/2) / tan(fov/2) where l is the physical screen width. of course this is proportional to l. therefore you need to specify l before you give a value for d. now it's true that vertical lines in 3d map to vertical lines in perspective. however, while your line is vertical in world space, it's not in camera space, because the camera itself is tilted down. the camera's forward vector points a bit downwards, not parallel to the ground. so the marked line in camera space is not perfectly vertical in camera space. therefore its perspective projection gets tilted. | 9 | [] | [
"http://i.imgur.com/FfSAdIZ.jpg?1"
] | [] | [
0.8162614107131958,
1.1077698469161987,
-2.203389883041382,
-1.5104031562805176,
0.5879652500152588,
0.053510963916778564,
-0.3157409131526947,
1.3573188781738281,
2.273489475250244,
0.3155510425567627,
-0.05855869874358177,
0.13546767830848694,
-0.2150060534477234,
-0.2416636049747467,
-0.8895895481109619,
0.5408283472061157,
-0.11791318655014038,
-0.5671016573905945,
-3.4937307834625244,
-0.7064169645309448,
0.19334609806537628,
-2.660611629486084,
0.10655273497104645,
-1.688378095626831,
0.40021592378616333,
-0.2696889042854309,
1.6503690481185913,
0.43025338649749756,
0.9669564366340637,
-0.9619520902633667,
-1.4981056451797485,
1.2335820198059082,
0.048987776041030884,
0.017052114009857178,
-1.4237678050994873,
0.8523573875427246,
-0.012433151714503765,
0.5871795415878296,
-1.8044919967651367,
0.5151211619377136,
-0.32975029945373535,
0.4395217001438141,
1.2780046463012695,
0.3517932891845703,
2.0447168350219727,
2.124654531478882,
-0.211638405919075,
0.39855390787124634,
0.12302830815315247,
0.7153647541999817,
-2.7540135383605957,
0.4517529010772705,
-1.2942370176315308,
0.5170015096664429,
-0.623170793056488,
2.023940086364746,
0.61512690782547,
0.4491027891635895,
1.3348102569580078,
0.6515517234802246,
1.923295021057129,
-0.16383947432041168,
0.2027224898338318,
0.9292359352111816,
1.8818535804748535,
-1.395850419998169,
-0.798179030418396,
-1.9654438495635986,
-2.63508939743042,
0.8884875774383545,
-0.683266282081604,
-0.4116889238357544,
-2.074289321899414,
-1.2998846769332886,
1.7467821836471558,
-0.020363926887512207,
1.3313947916030884,
2.459050178527832,
0.7321743965148926,
-2.621149778366089,
2.7464940547943115,
-0.24094977974891663,
-0.9283089637756348,
1.1347110271453857,
-0.9140463471412659,
-0.47461771965026855,
0.8079210519790649,
0.7729046940803528,
0.2027067393064499,
-1.55320405960083,
1.788719654083252,
-2.178072929382324,
-2.1971423625946045,
0.0037607699632644653,
-2.112600564956665,
-0.6771661043167114,
1.0251377820968628,
-1.7063332796096802,
-0.10564008355140686,
0.052443161606788635,
-1.0888890027999878,
-2.082671642303467,
-1.3875340223312378,
1.729372501373291,
-0.8030309677124023,
1.1411564350128174,
-0.4876512885093689,
2.9836795330047607,
-0.6337796449661255,
1.3771917819976807,
-0.2987353205680847,
-2.02066969871521,
0.3743937611579895,
0.3903610408306122,
0.6178516149520874,
-1.8869686126708984,
-0.8871316909790039,
-0.2860772907733917,
0.10629332065582275,
-3.2484912872314453,
-1.8673052787780762,
-0.4398147463798523,
-0.8322279453277588,
0.7944483160972595,
-0.27057188749313354,
-1.1546999216079712,
0.7175763249397278,
1.1752398014068604,
0.07225915044546127,
-1.0232717990875244,
2.7200465202331543,
-1.2021104097366333,
-0.441132128238678,
0.7839354276657104,
-1.5922095775604248,
1.5457483530044556,
0.8418159484863281,
1.2234705686569214,
-1.0036869049072266,
0.672882080078125,
1.4312225580215454,
-0.21601668000221252,
0.9278051257133484,
0.5419511198997498,
1.512467622756958,
1.7253214120864868,
-3.22587513923645,
1.8596044778823853,
-0.12019532918930054,
-0.8323083519935608,
-0.7720147967338562,
-0.6518837213516235,
0.7303491234779358,
0.6618162393569946,
0.17904265224933624,
1.00346040725708,
-2.632570266723633,
1.151495099067688,
-0.7480593323707581,
-0.3818299472332001,
-0.7005959153175354,
-1.1136958599090576,
-0.6184067726135254,
-0.10761027783155441,
-0.29475468397140503,
1.1934548616409302,
-1.3572101593017578,
-1.070948839187622,
0.21639907360076904,
0.5688290596008301,
1.084161639213562,
-0.1557011902332306,
0.08046463131904602,
1.8357181549072266,
0.9966045618057251,
-0.5609411001205444,
-3.52492094039917,
1.5753145217895508,
-0.3445749282836914,
2.0011980533599854,
0.19620347023010254,
-0.7486223578453064,
2.5097248554229736,
-0.2582594156265259,
0.409017950296402,
0.8511296510696411,
1.1443473100662231,
-0.17400825023651123,
0.19948872923851013,
-0.3842499852180481,
0.6537996530532837,
-1.0529975891113281,
-0.09736177325248718,
0.17180773615837097,
-0.7196362614631653,
1.888494849205017,
1.0485687255859375,
0.4049345850944519,
-0.4375166893005371,
0.8419830203056335,
2.233421802520752,
-0.5091934204101562,
0.950581967830658,
-1.3032692670822144,
-2.576629638671875,
-0.39150527119636536,
2.32413387298584,
-0.8312588930130005,
-3.49238657951355,
4.2145466804504395,
1.5151243209838867,
-4.742098331451416,
-1.4441269636154175,
-0.34845107793807983,
2.3533475399017334,
-0.330629825592041,
-1.8958643674850464,
-1.7167670726776123,
-3.8505077362060547,
2.0706748962402344,
-0.739717960357666,
1.4751919507980347,
-0.30214107036590576,
-2.7097396850585938,
-1.3802201747894287,
0.3167651891708374,
-2.3503551483154297,
-0.9404848217964172,
-1.939218521118164,
1.4285558462142944,
3.840928554534912,
1.3685345649719238,
0.683134138584137,
2.521808624267578,
0.08869166672229767,
-1.7448711395263672,
-0.9918267726898193,
1.86757230758667,
-0.5552971363067627,
-0.8346440196037292,
-0.26633548736572266,
-0.4159471392631531,
-2.9172203540802,
0.5331319570541382,
-0.26666563749313354,
-1.7368311882019043,
0.830581545829773,
1.5320119857788086,
-0.05240771174430847,
3.0051651000976562,
1.7828360795974731,
0.3413849472999573,
-2.305562973022461,
1.9045590162277222,
-1.712930679321289,
-2.331409215927124,
-1.0476908683776855,
0.8807688355445862,
-0.6978793144226074,
1.7177847623825073,
1.1100873947143555,
-1.7156906127929688,
-1.8457396030426025,
0.8673756718635559,
-0.8697273135185242,
2.2781121730804443,
0.878987729549408,
1.799641728401184,
-0.7420753836631775,
-0.6178910732269287,
0.2243395447731018,
0.27979207038879395,
-0.36123478412628174,
-0.3581514358520508,
-2.514561653137207,
-0.3109933137893677,
1.5675902366638184,
1.5944966077804565,
-0.8160455226898193,
-0.45545101165771484,
-3.4820022583007812,
2.2032008171081543,
1.377841830253601,
1.1873716115951538,
1.4301047325134277,
-1.7933701276779175,
-1.224379301071167,
-1.9084060192108154,
2.46916127204895,
0.16804492473602295,
0.0404469296336174,
2.1221585273742676,
1.522401213645935,
0.9090772867202759,
1.35237717628479,
0.03127646446228027,
0.3017573654651642,
2.149167776107788,
1.4112327098846436,
1.2025949954986572,
3.6469030380249023,
1.1135218143463135,
0.04870370775461197,
1.056391716003418,
-0.724651038646698,
-0.6335229873657227,
0.5365432500839233,
2.7698814868927,
0.5680907368659973,
0.795082688331604,
-0.799493670463562,
-0.7511378526687622,
0.49956879019737244,
1.218900203704834,
-1.8140095472335815,
2.6646511554718018,
0.19537155330181122,
-0.22904106974601746,
0.9270414113998413,
0.6906024217605591,
-2.0952231884002686,
-0.9829257130622864,
-0.15387679636478424,
-0.37371790409088135,
-1.7033271789550781,
0.462310791015625,
0.9896761775016785,
-1.1322437524795532,
-2.3516337871551514,
-0.24735091626644135,
-1.304939866065979,
0.1515721082687378,
-1.3756792545318604,
2.237492084503174,
0.9022760987281799,
0.334629625082016,
-2.2287230491638184,
-0.6502767205238342,
-0.056900084018707275,
2.852851629257202,
-1.1353235244750977,
-1.0070191621780396,
0.4787410795688629,
0.45420336723327637,
-0.325081467628479,
-0.7597401142120361,
-2.865912914276123,
0.7577288746833801,
1.1488820314407349,
-1.9455915689468384,
0.3577002286911011,
1.4104993343353271,
2.234323501586914,
2.2223706245422363,
0.1419498324394226,
-0.4332798719406128,
-0.07045865803956985,
2.4938607215881348,
-0.029780149459838867,
-0.8656278848648071,
0.01555672287940979,
-1.4183788299560547,
-0.43414533138275146,
1.6742335557937622,
1.2093950510025024,
1.3994451761245728,
2.5451254844665527,
-0.19621671736240387,
-1.659758448600769,
-0.7301807403564453,
-1.1163585186004639,
0.8947486877441406,
0.7619842290878296,
0.0260927677154541,
1.1659142971038818,
-3.6667580604553223,
-0.5614935755729675,
1.0375689268112183,
-2.7150685787200928,
-0.028092823922634125,
-2.4286231994628906,
1.7129067182540894,
-1.999673843383789,
-0.40242108702659607
] |
what is 'h' in (sinh at) in engineering calculus? | this queston is from engineering mathematics . | it stands for *hyperbolic*. just as if you set the x and y coordinates to the cosine and sine of an argument and let the argument vary, you trace out a circle in xy-plane, if you set the x and y coordinates to the cosh and sinh of an argument and let the argument vary, you trace out a hyperbola (to be precise, one branch of a hyperbola) in the xy-plane. this follows because cosh^(2)(u)-sinh^(2)(u)=1, just as cos^(2)(u)+sin^(2)(u)=1. | 17 | [] | [] | [] | [
-1.070420503616333,
0.5341358780860901,
-0.44591963291168213,
-0.28943097591400146,
-1.470522165298462,
0.48429930210113525,
1.7525346279144287,
-0.5337998270988464,
1.4428958892822266,
-0.19607260823249817,
0.822756290435791,
-0.641933262348175,
0.9680677652359009,
-0.43810808658599854,
0.6836913824081421,
-0.5929827094078064,
-1.351487636566162,
-0.30737820267677307,
-1.4732252359390259,
-1.3063863515853882,
1.8562850952148438,
0.3975920081138611,
-0.7361792325973511,
-0.4106045067310333,
-0.7201622724533081,
-0.1285589188337326,
0.2861356735229492,
0.21962161362171173,
0.23020906746387482,
0.3020346760749817,
0.9677528738975525,
1.1785330772399902,
-1.3441145420074463,
0.14511480927467346,
-0.5162823796272278,
0.2106531858444214,
0.23121614754199982,
0.8271471261978149,
1.0934553146362305,
1.061967372894287,
-0.39609867334365845,
-0.12747608125209808,
0.988001823425293,
-0.012127891182899475,
0.46073582768440247,
0.5878475904464722,
0.5856238007545471,
0.9626924991607666,
-0.11065453290939331,
-0.5151934623718262,
-0.3413073718547821,
0.8612964749336243,
-0.5027238130569458,
-0.04559944570064545,
0.3846372067928314,
0.5379741787910461,
0.2558794617652893,
-0.4241086542606354,
-0.21785962581634521,
-1.7173389196395874,
0.6430665254592896,
0.09736545383930206,
-0.07602822780609131,
0.9180841445922852,
0.8027102947235107,
-0.4456173777580261,
0.42807143926620483,
-0.1751326620578766,
-0.012147825211286545,
1.5077831745147705,
-0.575574517250061,
0.5438902378082275,
0.06801675260066986,
-0.24513405561447144,
-0.31082963943481445,
0.3843074142932892,
-0.8080035448074341,
0.25055378675460815,
0.6740289330482483,
-0.3325362205505371,
0.725075900554657,
0.45842084288597107,
0.3509564995765686,
-0.3361501097679138,
-0.4424099922180176,
0.7323793172836304,
0.708588719367981,
0.7852972149848938,
1.210686206817627,
-0.229303777217865,
1.0648175477981567,
-1.609022855758667,
-0.413178950548172,
0.36763718724250793,
-0.34877175092697144,
0.07144255936145782,
0.17428255081176758,
-0.503832221031189,
0.2110758125782013,
0.6079918742179871,
-1.4064220190048218,
-0.016693010926246643,
-0.37208056449890137,
0.054855912923812866,
0.08462078869342804,
0.24128490686416626,
-0.04418671131134033,
-0.10170207917690277,
0.8639703989028931,
-0.6827061176300049,
-0.9351906180381775,
-0.9315087199211121,
1.0651308298110962,
0.2408021092414856,
0.5713357925415039,
-0.7387399077415466,
0.9284769296646118,
0.34833356738090515,
-0.6035772562026978,
-0.7931948304176331,
-0.05825363099575043,
0.22820967435836792,
0.35774388909339905,
1.9855183362960815,
0.10416871309280396,
0.5258455872535706,
0.3620147109031677,
-0.2846013605594635,
0.7468646764755249,
1.6328480243682861,
0.8371719121932983,
-1.3400616645812988,
-0.6512458324432373,
0.0993538647890091,
-1.1233856678009033,
-0.5004615187644958,
0.5113323926925659,
0.9505307674407959,
-0.6534472703933716,
0.36518555879592896,
0.43422529101371765,
-0.5682988166809082,
-0.9588151574134827,
-0.010025233030319214,
0.444687157869339,
-0.39929935336112976,
-1.2597144842147827,
-0.89093017578125,
0.5771098136901855,
0.6300990581512451,
-0.04900802671909332,
-0.45046332478523254,
-1.0983706712722778,
-1.3142688274383545,
-0.127066969871521,
0.1792576014995575,
-0.4517292082309723,
0.5409450531005859,
0.33391308784484863,
0.7520038485527039,
0.1700962781906128,
0.836676836013794,
0.3487636148929596,
0.644544243812561,
0.6555494666099548,
0.6216179132461548,
0.3335563838481903,
-0.4118615984916687,
-0.1767304241657257,
-0.13079945743083954,
1.3253278732299805,
0.5492309927940369,
0.17215114831924438,
-0.08419113606214523,
-0.5488937497138977,
-0.35165756940841675,
-1.364030361175537,
-0.0760752260684967,
-0.6455483436584473,
1.0857925415039062,
-0.1558344066143036,
0.43825453519821167,
1.1610095500946045,
0.144539937376976,
0.3039461374282837,
0.3663943409919739,
0.6022975444793701,
0.6463191509246826,
-1.0551233291625977,
-1.0094236135482788,
0.2887278199195862,
-1.0221095085144043,
-1.6537044048309326,
-0.246648907661438,
-0.7347157001495361,
-1.523447036743164,
0.3278193771839142,
-0.4097895622253418,
0.4401389956474304,
-0.2576374113559723,
0.4349744915962219,
0.31595325469970703,
0.023354440927505493,
-0.6656771898269653,
-0.1456916630268097,
-0.3853261470794678,
-0.030246376991271973,
-0.030860349535942078,
-1.7051193714141846,
0.991553544998169,
-0.582122266292572,
-1.2429999113082886,
-0.4168210029602051,
-0.8032897114753723,
0.039293721318244934,
-0.6947462558746338,
0.4461291432380676,
-1.3145112991333008,
-0.6264064908027649,
0.16664162278175354,
0.16612966358661652,
-1.0243128538131714,
0.3945830464363098,
-0.7837985754013062,
-0.4602009654045105,
-0.4107123613357544,
-0.9048770666122437,
0.008770614862442017,
-0.41715195775032043,
0.14842447638511658,
1.1451321840286255,
-0.7636748552322388,
0.1510922759771347,
0.560886025428772,
0.5000060796737671,
-0.8209255933761597,
-1.1249886751174927,
0.5868319869041443,
2.102766513824463,
-0.21361111104488373,
-0.12359067797660828,
0.7426421642303467,
-0.08860006928443909,
0.7751036286354065,
-0.5966312289237976,
-1.3421058654785156,
-0.9926487803459167,
0.11031624674797058,
-0.2614406943321228,
0.2486436516046524,
0.28033122420310974,
-0.32397085428237915,
-0.10451298952102661,
0.5098527073860168,
-0.21102024614810944,
-0.19511620700359344,
-0.47291886806488037,
0.4188854396343231,
-1.0939675569534302,
0.5344306826591492,
0.8603779077529907,
0.2349466234445572,
-0.5428130030632019,
-0.05105481669306755,
0.31600654125213623,
0.2116934061050415,
0.864403247833252,
1.1928057670593262,
0.9946213960647583,
0.38023191690444946,
0.01911124587059021,
-0.5857925415039062,
-0.2738855481147766,
0.2846008539199829,
0.25443828105926514,
-0.9344394207000732,
0.06679931282997131,
-0.7648203372955322,
-0.7446668744087219,
-0.1480565369129181,
-1.5003283023834229,
-1.0905184745788574,
-0.6688510179519653,
-1.019411563873291,
0.18845924735069275,
0.06560724973678589,
0.5618832111358643,
0.5099225640296936,
0.64844810962677,
-0.9435442686080933,
0.08667862415313721,
0.6882956027984619,
1.4752538204193115,
-0.2695358693599701,
-0.42051374912261963,
0.23831118643283844,
-0.48441991209983826,
-0.4479064345359802,
0.7521880865097046,
-0.5556233525276184,
-0.4188406467437744,
0.35940808057785034,
-0.7852913737297058,
-0.36655354499816895,
-0.25282254815101624,
-0.03466574847698212,
0.8682301044464111,
0.6690476536750793,
0.5917319059371948,
-0.8211324214935303,
0.7729737758636475,
0.3466663360595703,
0.8519268035888672,
1.2825355529785156,
-0.3301495313644409,
0.5129852294921875,
0.02574523538351059,
0.40484514832496643,
1.4873228073120117,
-0.013273939490318298,
-0.14721381664276123,
-1.031743049621582,
0.2287157028913498,
-0.49002742767333984,
0.3127012848854065,
0.31855159997940063,
0.04469633847475052,
-1.234710454940796,
-0.3303110897541046,
0.11263309419155121,
-0.5032918453216553,
0.9409114122390747,
-0.3803674578666687,
-0.5884189009666443,
0.17121393978595734,
0.8740862607955933,
-0.8906859159469604,
0.2034762054681778,
-0.501100480556488,
0.30522680282592773,
-0.18125195801258087,
1.1428732872009277,
-0.13134503364562988,
0.0017028674483299255,
0.34098464250564575,
0.6241058111190796,
-1.348975658416748,
-0.8100612759590149,
-1.746912956237793,
-0.043143972754478455,
-0.43781110644340515,
0.8860326409339905,
-0.38179150223731995,
-0.22536009550094604,
0.8414843082427979,
0.016063004732131958,
-0.21702226996421814,
0.34010040760040283,
0.6296576857566833,
0.6991348266601562,
-1.1171793937683105,
0.2747921645641327,
-0.3788665533065796,
0.8989048600196838,
1.4305803775787354,
0.49986010789871216,
-0.06136848032474518,
-0.7519513964653015,
-0.17009274661540985,
-0.04253338277339935,
-0.7678321599960327,
1.3922902345657349,
0.10874675959348679,
0.40395116806030273,
-0.40569978952407837,
0.10110297799110413,
-0.42051106691360474,
0.22033138573169708,
-0.7970837354660034,
-0.9508920311927795,
0.039391353726387024,
0.49276426434516907,
1.0473542213439941,
-0.3944285809993744
] |
lead chloride precipitation reaction confusion - help? | i know that lead nitrate + sodium chloride > lead chloride + sodium nitrate but why? why does lead 'steal' the chloride from the sodium? isn't sodium more reactive? what are the reasons for this reaction? | in solution we have 4 ionic species rather than 2 compounds. however one of the possible combinations of those species is insoluble in water (ie it is more stable as a solid compund than ionic species). we can't have a potential compound dissolved beyond its saturation point, so that species will crystallize as lead chloride. the other 3 possible compounds are all water soluble, so we need not worry about them. | 3 | [] | [] | [] | [
-0.4747629761695862,
-0.002541840076446533,
-0.9984675645828247,
-0.3000112771987915,
0.16635942459106445,
0.15569208562374115,
0.6928722858428955,
-0.3247266411781311,
-0.593622624874115,
0.5941570401191711,
1.0408422946929932,
-0.4731137156486511,
0.313890665769577,
0.43846461176872253,
0.6235470771789551,
-0.10691425204277039,
-1.1607471704483032,
0.2134440541267395,
-0.7006233334541321,
1.2244067192077637,
0.32390493154525757,
0.8304129838943481,
0.24291229248046875,
0.5667024254798889,
-1.078909158706665,
0.8261316418647766,
0.27701547741889954,
0.48925453424453735,
0.41305989027023315,
0.282742440700531,
-0.24916933476924896,
1.2312930822372437,
-0.1513805091381073,
-0.4754846692085266,
1.0602432489395142,
-0.6885935068130493,
-1.0682225227355957,
-0.26166394352912903,
-0.013509511947631836,
-1.388668179512024,
-0.2575882077217102,
-0.27143973112106323,
-0.5842587947845459,
0.5709583759307861,
-0.13967061042785645,
0.12903553247451782,
0.155053973197937,
-0.3095705211162567,
-0.4039666950702667,
-0.6211667656898499,
0.015789806842803955,
0.2679888606071472,
-0.4767293930053711,
0.5991098284721375,
-0.3385896682739258,
-0.8499945402145386,
-1.2363626956939697,
0.07211324572563171,
0.7427881956100464,
-1.4373390674591064,
0.9171361327171326,
0.18059444427490234,
-0.6383488178253174,
-0.14546160399913788,
0.26462048292160034,
0.9221282005310059,
0.02322811633348465,
0.35143351554870605,
-0.3364953398704529,
0.6580245494842529,
0.3903910219669342,
0.16364935040473938,
0.4038424789905548,
-0.6393074989318848,
-0.4008059501647949,
0.9245479106903076,
0.5434455871582031,
-0.584068775177002,
-0.4895167052745819,
0.9034528732299805,
-0.44968903064727783,
-0.8213261961936951,
-0.10084401071071625,
0.11957718431949615,
-0.3804381787776947,
0.5230181217193604,
-0.2256036251783371,
-0.16367030143737793,
-0.3321600556373596,
0.5510274767875671,
-0.3498503565788269,
1.4910120964050293,
0.8294420838356018,
-0.4763093888759613,
-0.22569453716278076,
1.2232322692871094,
0.1449965387582779,
-0.7840694785118103,
-0.423864483833313,
0.3165755867958069,
0.30100759863853455,
0.6778205037117004,
-0.44076257944107056,
-0.5532360672950745,
-0.5348522663116455,
0.16489571332931519,
0.31587454676628113,
0.1994711309671402,
0.27774420380592346,
0.9873217344284058,
-0.2548508644104004,
-1.0890003442764282,
-0.15988820791244507,
-0.15177378058433533,
-0.18229639530181885,
0.044052477926015854,
1.0029335021972656,
-0.30060240626335144,
0.981094479560852,
-1.0785229206085205,
-0.21021687984466553,
-0.1772747039794922,
0.5170255303382874,
-0.4551970362663269,
1.3888550996780396,
-0.10628074407577515,
-0.4907115697860718,
0.057664431631565094,
0.16006265580654144,
1.0781800746917725,
1.478941798210144,
-0.799155592918396,
-0.6498482823371887,
0.030782252550125122,
-0.6646429300308228,
0.5970581769943237,
-0.5885884165763855,
-0.8175808787345886,
-1.1088752746582031,
0.19940051436424255,
-0.4695897102355957,
0.1298818141222,
0.5488297343254089,
-1.1251206398010254,
0.9771445393562317,
-0.6619465947151184,
0.9293932914733887,
-0.18629077076911926,
-0.7870991230010986,
-1.2910642623901367,
-1.7766914367675781,
-0.6547828912734985,
0.16851194202899933,
-0.031148016452789307,
1.0065135955810547,
-0.30748894810676575,
-0.6663333773612976,
0.02306186780333519,
1.0146058797836304,
1.0850831270217896,
-1.1459203958511353,
0.3095206916332245,
-0.3204735219478607,
0.40387898683547974,
-2.452936887741089,
0.3671330511569977,
0.0886385589838028,
-0.7348222136497498,
0.46316394209861755,
1.3411850929260254,
-0.6996856927871704,
0.47736477851867676,
1.9554895162582397,
-0.8672211170196533,
-0.7624809741973877,
0.13376018404960632,
-0.586060643196106,
-0.2105274498462677,
0.8511523604393005,
0.9540578126907349,
-1.216156244277954,
0.4861738085746765,
0.015085622668266296,
-0.4693042039871216,
0.18505392968654633,
0.475821316242218,
-0.25311195850372314,
0.4253206253051758,
-0.920156717300415,
0.02088075876235962,
-0.7423624992370605,
-0.6684345006942749,
0.6599040031433105,
2.3462209701538086,
-1.3297935724258423,
-0.1689825803041458,
-0.5087668895721436,
-0.650101363658905,
-1.3494902849197388,
-0.2442898154258728,
0.7897166013717651,
0.06635299324989319,
0.10944083333015442,
0.03436562418937683,
1.071618676185608,
-0.3181842565536499,
1.6617155075073242,
0.22089745104312897,
-1.5270943641662598,
-0.6818815469741821,
-0.5373008251190186,
-0.19428664445877075,
-0.8363326787948608,
-1.616637945175171,
0.19764557480812073,
0.9652363061904907,
1.6563234329223633,
-1.4411338567733765,
1.1644606590270996,
-0.006854355335235596,
0.47466909885406494,
-0.8105840086936951,
-0.76695317029953,
-0.20098012685775757,
0.48482176661491394,
-1.2502872943878174,
-0.40299662947654724,
0.7852778434753418,
-0.4948347806930542,
0.4831150770187378,
-0.6879236698150635,
-0.8107619285583496,
0.7955306172370911,
-0.12248744070529938,
1.661708116531372,
0.4911179542541504,
0.3222656846046448,
-0.7850275039672852,
0.3285619616508484,
0.2253636121749878,
0.2587848901748657,
0.6771470904350281,
0.7275198101997375,
-0.005261991173028946,
-1.0202734470367432,
0.7346786260604858,
0.1485728919506073,
0.15797296166419983,
-0.4704882502555847,
0.2899647355079651,
-1.296440601348877,
-0.04931545630097389,
1.350586175918579,
0.9936115145683289,
1.2808951139450073,
-0.2168799340724945,
-0.3477156460285187,
-0.4082062542438507,
-1.006113052368164,
-0.2744975686073303,
-0.2310619354248047,
-0.617800772190094,
-0.18693780899047852,
1.0853238105773926,
-0.7416853308677673,
-0.3198300004005432,
-0.6889322996139526,
0.5378854274749756,
-0.45550084114074707,
0.48990190029144287,
1.6856873035430908,
-0.11199003458023071,
-0.29899275302886963,
-0.29217296838760376,
0.38440465927124023,
-0.46525096893310547,
-1.5733474493026733,
-0.5456345081329346,
0.337852418422699,
-0.1545771360397339,
0.7215843200683594,
-0.46433451771736145,
-1.0358890295028687,
-0.06185489892959595,
1.008910894393921,
0.23328693211078644,
1.2608636617660522,
-0.4260498583316803,
-0.012667864561080933,
-0.3673189580440521,
0.09365668892860413,
1.7877200841903687,
1.1644874811172485,
-0.8179672956466675,
0.48298123478889465,
0.17874810099601746,
0.6427594423294067,
0.07042385637760162,
-0.2529635429382324,
-0.594197154045105,
-0.028897196054458618,
-1.058226227760315,
-0.7576171159744263,
-0.17775055766105652,
-0.030099451541900635,
0.9349762797355652,
-0.5580651760101318,
-0.04397013783454895,
0.2860841453075409,
-1.1305994987487793,
0.28027230501174927,
-1.0655866861343384,
0.9241470098495483,
0.29132163524627686,
-0.37973853945732117,
-0.5676377415657043,
0.015124306082725525,
0.42426392436027527,
0.07822883129119873,
0.6512801647186279,
0.4367063045501709,
-0.8302439451217651,
0.37275412678718567,
0.688703715801239,
-1.0306806564331055,
0.2709064185619354,
-0.31853941082954407,
-1.2792773246765137,
0.6513172388076782,
-0.3342674970626831,
0.6757802367210388,
0.4170563817024231,
0.1706274151802063,
-0.8399860858917236,
0.471500426530838,
0.6880699396133423,
0.05161583423614502,
-0.8877973556518555,
-0.9232792258262634,
0.25474584102630615,
-0.428067147731781,
0.9005067348480225,
0.24557486176490784,
0.16740870475769043,
0.862849771976471,
0.0069539546966552734,
-0.0023317039012908936,
-1.4179558753967285,
-0.12841886281967163,
0.3376368284225464,
0.35631901025772095,
0.9542548656463623,
0.6322582960128784,
0.0016803108155727386,
0.5493989586830139,
-1.3748326301574707,
-0.5440400242805481,
-0.18564504384994507,
-0.5095449686050415,
-1.415075421333313,
-0.23547375202178955,
-0.29625582695007324,
-1.178647518157959,
0.9185636639595032,
-0.13794900476932526,
0.13136319816112518,
0.6252994537353516,
0.8381324410438538,
-0.2183048129081726,
1.0379815101623535,
0.19674885272979736,
0.8179022073745728,
0.6235089302062988,
-0.4120015501976013,
-0.2666543126106262,
0.41948336362838745,
-0.5611717700958252,
0.05835230275988579,
0.19159868359565735,
-0.7724010348320007,
0.20575162768363953,
-0.03938201069831848,
1.6909456253051758,
-0.3137381374835968
] |
question about reflexes as it relates to the use of tools/vehicles (details inside). | i've observed certain automatic muscle moment that occurs in myself quickly for the purpose of self-preservation such as flinching or ducking to avoid a flying ball, etc. the other day on the way to work i saw an object in my path in the road at the last second and before i thought about it, my arms had already moved the steering wheel to avoid the hazard. it felt very much like a reflex. i'm curious how this works though, because steering a car is a learned behavior. how many times do you have to do a task using a tool/object before your body is able to perform it by reflex in an emergency? is it truly a reflex in the strictest sense? does my mind view the steering wheel as an extension of my body in the moment? how does my unconscious mind understand the proper response before i am aware of it? | i shall start with reflex. a true reflex (unlike what we use in regular talking) is an involuntary and nearly instantaneous response to stimuli. it involves the [reflex arc](_url_0_) and in many cases may not even route through the brain. instead it will route through the spinal cord and the brain will only get sensory information. the activation of the motor neurons will happen through the spinal cord. keeping that in mind, the situation described by you is not a true reflex. it is just a result of conditioning. in this case, we have sensation (seeing the object) - here, we have the reaction time. an alert, regular, well-trained driver in good conditions (visibility etc.) will react faster than another driver. this link - [reaction time](_url_1_) - gives a good idea of the process. tl;dr - not a true reflex, conscious mind has taken decision albeit very fast. | 2 | [] | [] | [
"http://bio.rutgers.edu/~gb102/lab_5/103ar.html",
"http://www.visualexpert.com/Resources/reactiontime.html"
] | [
-0.29895877838134766,
-2.0590133666992188,
-0.31448373198509216,
-0.4721020460128784,
-0.9574906826019287,
-0.7644591331481934,
1.5098176002502441,
0.19750159978866577,
2.65419340133667,
0.05069298297166824,
1.8992173671722412,
0.8382812738418579,
0.6527893543243408,
1.5638620853424072,
0.1178564578294754,
-1.0206199884414673,
1.8186455965042114,
-1.0024168491363525,
-2.5009777545928955,
0.7016939520835876,
-0.17028948664665222,
0.2043818235397339,
0.2856115400791168,
-0.5553354620933533,
-2.7673566341400146,
0.05343310534954071,
0.25898218154907227,
-1.4560458660125732,
1.117584466934204,
-0.34781432151794434,
-0.011712536215782166,
0.3690321445465088,
-0.29027700424194336,
-1.8079793453216553,
-1.6786452531814575,
1.7558687925338745,
-2.369936943054199,
-0.42621245980262756,
0.6641010046005249,
-0.20363374054431915,
-0.5979161858558655,
-0.19415850937366486,
-0.48050457239151,
1.8013118505477905,
0.7255135774612427,
2.5588014125823975,
0.16683699190616608,
0.5333885550498962,
-0.25956857204437256,
-0.030073828995227814,
-2.408310890197754,
1.064028263092041,
-0.9393720030784607,
-0.6310125589370728,
-0.04503638297319412,
1.2326821088790894,
-1.8195244073867798,
0.7345554232597351,
-1.1431118249893188,
1.0160831212997437,
-0.743054211139679,
-0.8276476860046387,
-1.2012324333190918,
0.4327598512172699,
1.4897379875183105,
0.11097061634063721,
0.32254308462142944,
-1.056710958480835,
1.3506743907928467,
0.47593626379966736,
1.4953806400299072,
-0.5154943466186523,
-0.559758722782135,
0.062040671706199646,
1.5358450412750244,
-1.2742817401885986,
-0.5402095913887024,
0.7951020002365112,
-0.19432735443115234,
-1.5870091915130615,
1.2958475351333618,
0.04038029909133911,
-0.6739326119422913,
0.21057897806167603,
0.6977159976959229,
0.14209944009780884,
1.3330007791519165,
0.595496654510498,
-0.6492390036582947,
1.4538487195968628,
-1.1476939916610718,
-1.6453973054885864,
-1.1754275560379028,
-1.2366873025894165,
0.8490583896636963,
1.277001142501831,
-0.7996838092803955,
0.8263014554977417,
-1.208188772201538,
-0.5171108841896057,
-0.9822763800621033,
1.3876644372940063,
-3.7645392417907715,
0.3607599139213562,
0.4077356457710266,
-1.0263352394104004,
-0.4362664818763733,
-0.777069091796875,
-0.66717928647995,
1.6437057256698608,
-0.25356537103652954,
-0.4519798755645752,
0.7250865697860718,
-0.3956991732120514,
-0.17259684205055237,
0.7114638686180115,
-0.9902656078338623,
0.21272528171539307,
1.0301501750946045,
-1.5455331802368164,
-0.29223600029945374,
-1.9310548305511475,
-1.0434712171554565,
-0.4330770671367645,
1.7256841659545898,
-0.2666894495487213,
0.8675276041030884,
1.438614010810852,
0.3450954854488373,
-0.30808448791503906,
0.14652743935585022,
-2.3430864810943604,
-1.797528862953186,
1.115602970123291,
-0.5426245331764221,
-0.25424954295158386,
2.720853805541992,
-0.969122588634491,
-1.1422771215438843,
-1.3838520050048828,
0.9266481399536133,
1.4411078691482544,
-0.3448953628540039,
-0.9931925535202026,
-0.5618813037872314,
0.8525532484054565,
-0.44774213433265686,
-1.692610502243042,
1.2192367315292358,
0.38246825337409973,
-1.360520362854004,
-0.6657118201255798,
-0.5410776138305664,
0.16904568672180176,
-0.18270368874073029,
0.2614886164665222,
-1.1809825897216797,
0.49813035130500793,
-1.5416219234466553,
-0.10227696597576141,
-1.75728178024292,
0.5606800317764282,
0.07333961874246597,
1.3021430969238281,
1.9100162982940674,
1.3118441104888916,
0.07410091161727905,
-0.41358810663223267,
-1.2250267267227173,
0.16835258901119232,
-1.7266789674758911,
-0.8241990804672241,
-1.03739595413208,
-0.6607743501663208,
-0.5552400350570679,
0.2654658555984497,
-3.5657999515533447,
-1.8052051067352295,
-0.05310475826263428,
-0.3985469937324524,
2.6358859539031982,
-0.6577097773551941,
-0.4404144287109375,
1.8576641082763672,
-1.2508306503295898,
0.531623899936676,
-0.39818131923675537,
1.1697734594345093,
-0.36515235900878906,
0.3600735068321228,
-0.5348802208900452,
0.2806438207626343,
0.3761712312698364,
1.6288615465164185,
-0.4197549521923065,
-1.057395100593567,
1.5006684064865112,
0.38808315992355347,
-0.014108709990978241,
1.1638157367706299,
-0.9404127597808838,
-1.488642930984497,
-0.46459460258483887,
-0.9924743175506592,
-0.0840822160243988,
0.6903284788131714,
-0.72953200340271,
-0.5869743227958679,
0.3220713138580322,
0.37806272506713867,
0.4314415454864502,
0.3538505434989929,
1.963602900505066,
-0.36651796102523804,
0.9332502484321594,
-0.21000073850154877,
-3.7400479316711426,
1.0106360912322998,
-0.11519935727119446,
0.09359179437160492,
0.06546655297279358,
0.7511883974075317,
0.5547679662704468,
-2.318743944168091,
-0.5800714492797852,
-0.4053021967411041,
1.4276846647262573,
1.7747482061386108,
-1.675034761428833,
1.0959115028381348,
1.2194976806640625,
0.6050562858581543,
0.10066935420036316,
1.1392698287963867,
-0.8028743863105774,
-0.8253894448280334,
-0.13945311307907104,
1.0175198316574097,
0.8765384554862976,
-1.8985878229141235,
-1.4441044330596924,
0.6127316951751709,
-0.6292400360107422,
0.39696574211120605,
-0.212527334690094,
1.9171234369277954,
0.22713768482208252,
-0.1516791135072708,
0.7829915285110474,
1.5916533470153809,
1.2450685501098633,
1.395375370979309,
-1.7498433589935303,
-0.2173772156238556,
0.6500899195671082,
0.24411357939243317,
-2.45505690574646,
0.13874360918998718,
0.5484323501586914,
1.6986231803894043,
0.20103752613067627,
0.022184103727340698,
-0.25076594948768616,
1.072248935699463,
1.829759120941162,
1.2709349393844604,
0.5776901245117188,
0.9633241295814514,
-0.4929652214050293,
-0.5188141465187073,
-0.46716728806495667,
-1.2004189491271973,
-0.5458363890647888,
1.030676245689392,
1.5904163122177124,
-0.22690968215465546,
-0.32607728242874146,
-1.4415839910507202,
-0.8998185396194458,
0.08534708619117737,
-0.3633797764778137,
-3.543104648590088,
1.3124055862426758,
0.5163536071777344,
1.0295941829681396,
-2.095942497253418,
-0.7535123825073242,
-1.9309133291244507,
2.496994972229004,
0.37153008580207825,
-0.3626534938812256,
2.1188154220581055,
3.373729705810547,
-0.139775812625885,
2.5237343311309814,
1.047739863395691,
-0.989421546459198,
-0.467011034488678,
1.4280551671981812,
0.2140856832265854,
-1.1033151149749756,
-1.2063542604446411,
-1.3101215362548828,
0.7188403010368347,
-0.9945186376571655,
-0.01351676881313324,
1.3449348211288452,
-0.708861768245697,
0.24643385410308838,
0.6108816862106323,
-1.4060791730880737,
-0.05727657675743103,
-0.6969329118728638,
-0.3017449378967285,
-2.2894201278686523,
1.7141056060791016,
0.5439103841781616,
1.1212562322616577,
-1.3268311023712158,
0.20031428337097168,
-0.2937498688697815,
-1.1612944602966309,
1.1541186571121216,
1.5413066148757935,
1.847756266593933,
0.22157292068004608,
-1.1619386672973633,
-0.19009937345981598,
-2.3352649211883545,
-0.830917239189148,
0.5992132425308228,
0.616878867149353,
1.0003101825714111,
-0.42969197034835815,
1.3021671772003174,
0.6473578214645386,
-0.5419360995292664,
0.9734218120574951,
-1.4325824975967407,
-0.47467270493507385,
1.6658596992492676,
-0.5229544043540955,
-0.009123031049966812,
0.624793291091919,
1.0112707614898682,
-0.2121504545211792,
0.5364891886711121,
2.44351863861084,
-1.0710327625274658,
-1.1084901094436646,
-0.2049189805984497,
1.44549560546875,
1.485311508178711,
0.9246436953544617,
0.010024219751358032,
-1.6553493738174438,
0.25936707854270935,
0.1794256567955017,
1.270430564880371,
-0.1444094330072403,
0.06664414703845978,
-0.5917061567306519,
-0.507863461971283,
3.7505993843078613,
-2.180135726928711,
0.3264769911766052,
1.3046631813049316,
-1.3281177282333374,
0.5678567886352539,
0.7721433043479919,
-0.14802053570747375,
2.472233772277832,
0.7592987418174744,
0.6054127216339111,
1.3646087646484375,
0.016506165266036987,
0.7395849227905273,
-0.5117891430854797,
-2.2395904064178467,
2.0615899562835693,
0.1638578176498413,
3.280075788497925,
-0.6417596340179443,
-0.3143072724342346
] |
what, if any, long-term effects of being warm and cold for long periods of time are there? | say i take two twins, keep one heated and one cooled for 25 years, what will the differences be compared to a normal counterpart and eachother? | they would possibly develop differently as the temperatures would a. affect how their bodies operate (trying to maintain an ideal temperature ([homeostasis](_url_0_))) b. our bodies are designed to operate at an internal temperature of 37°c, outside this temperature [enzymes](_url_1_) can denature ( > 37°) (enzymes are needed for chemical reactions) or internal metabolic reaction can slow down ( < 37°) | 4 | [] | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeostasis",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzymes"
] | [
-1.339942455291748,
1.2839468717575073,
1.013566255569458,
1.1870737075805664,
-0.2522348463535309,
-1.4263970851898193,
-0.3890687823295593,
0.2539859712123871,
0.707049548625946,
0.23643210530281067,
0.2811112403869629,
0.4450162649154663,
0.17064262926578522,
0.66176837682724,
0.4634523391723633,
0.4648742079734802,
-0.16466474533081055,
0.6805477142333984,
-0.4787530303001404,
0.22090089321136475,
0.731540858745575,
0.47626009583473206,
-0.20177359879016876,
0.07829701900482178,
-0.49562421441078186,
-1.0917773246765137,
-0.2123110294342041,
0.7700635194778442,
0.0333389937877655,
-0.547562837600708,
-0.4725262522697449,
-0.5217393636703491,
0.5673357248306274,
-0.5931789875030518,
0.8138091564178467,
0.9657631516456604,
0.22875326871871948,
-1.2910118103027344,
-0.9716227054595947,
0.7326350212097168,
-0.256781667470932,
-0.5780849456787109,
0.12657049298286438,
0.3911873400211334,
0.36790144443511963,
2.220003604888916,
0.2537621557712555,
0.578395664691925,
-1.1951771974563599,
-0.44534459710121155,
0.020529557019472122,
0.5695842504501343,
-1.1883041858673096,
0.17558449506759644,
-0.7572163939476013,
-0.07929497957229614,
-0.7212658524513245,
-1.0858891010284424,
-0.4093240797519684,
-0.9987879395484924,
0.8162760138511658,
0.5417037010192871,
-0.41992998123168945,
0.48044949769973755,
2.6123170852661133,
0.12233620882034302,
0.263910710811615,
-0.6396785974502563,
0.02133260667324066,
0.23741352558135986,
-0.679398775100708,
-0.668720006942749,
-0.3040958046913147,
-0.4183066785335541,
-0.10266420245170593,
-0.7694444060325623,
0.09374052286148071,
1.0396324396133423,
-0.2643480896949768,
-0.4477211833000183,
1.0532327890396118,
-0.910895586013794,
-0.5160132050514221,
0.3603665828704834,
-0.7915453314781189,
0.2012254297733307,
2.143746852874756,
0.49771082401275635,
0.05913954973220825,
0.05884942412376404,
-0.9285857677459717,
-0.6161531209945679,
-1.4213002920150757,
-0.044378943741321564,
-0.05564294755458832,
1.0896599292755127,
0.017718374729156494,
-1.0902329683303833,
0.1426086723804474,
-0.06962433457374573,
-0.31070706248283386,
0.2627299427986145,
-1.914792537689209,
-0.026683270931243896,
-0.5635551810264587,
-0.687637448310852,
0.19148023426532745,
1.2677801847457886,
0.7000490427017212,
1.336379051208496,
-1.6416198015213013,
0.06239192932844162,
-0.4470130503177643,
-0.6691526770591736,
-0.7687482833862305,
-0.5760920643806458,
-0.9459107518196106,
0.061211973428726196,
-0.9899139404296875,
-0.0020015016198158264,
-0.504253625869751,
-0.4160989224910736,
-0.41256511211395264,
0.8508697748184204,
1.6187794208526611,
0.2790527045726776,
-0.20119838416576385,
0.5096096992492676,
0.9106671214103699,
-0.3640110492706299,
1.25154447555542,
-0.03644634783267975,
0.09669774770736694,
0.19633713364601135,
-0.8181264996528625,
-0.25440341234207153,
1.3715275526046753,
-0.09285834431648254,
-1.4215102195739746,
0.31147468090057373,
-0.6687179207801819,
0.6902647018432617,
0.20030945539474487,
-0.7527669072151184,
0.43531638383865356,
0.9083232283592224,
-0.06368235498666763,
-0.6686211824417114,
-0.9811687469482422,
0.6330733299255371,
-0.5166306495666504,
-0.40453627705574036,
0.7147228121757507,
-0.1886337697505951,
-0.09616215527057648,
-0.6234897971153259,
-1.1814041137695312,
-0.6214833855628967,
0.8572245240211487,
0.44493740797042847,
-1.4051146507263184,
0.6829874515533447,
0.1950911432504654,
0.4350331425666809,
-0.23122066259384155,
1.0998417139053345,
0.35252782702445984,
-0.29511210322380066,
0.024327963590621948,
0.30292779207229614,
1.3257462978363037,
-0.4958209991455078,
1.2641998529434204,
-0.20441171526908875,
-0.3766140043735504,
-0.15301421284675598,
-1.376328706741333,
0.19876021146774292,
-0.022532768547534943,
0.9865788817405701,
2.1155593395233154,
0.4115058481693268,
1.3231152296066284,
0.022362500429153442,
0.35258233547210693,
-1.1206156015396118,
-0.399269163608551,
0.4632665812969208,
-0.5824596285820007,
0.35725048184394836,
0.045179158449172974,
-1.7634172439575195,
0.35798391699790955,
1.0137120485305786,
-1.0728914737701416,
-0.15746068954467773,
-0.47784125804901123,
-0.3031716048717499,
0.14846576750278473,
0.39105015993118286,
1.0194956064224243,
-0.4087054133415222,
-0.4396030008792877,
-0.3036386966705322,
0.47353944182395935,
-0.35040199756622314,
-0.196278914809227,
-0.32730990648269653,
-0.7144976854324341,
-0.13613861799240112,
-0.6647630333900452,
-1.3215932846069336,
0.526261568069458,
-0.9042212963104248,
-0.41075825691223145,
0.07482428848743439,
0.31937259435653687,
0.4482305943965912,
-0.7147732973098755,
0.520912230014801,
0.4429556727409363,
0.21011939644813538,
-0.054156601428985596,
-1.2022266387939453,
1.0008866786956787,
-0.29572781920433044,
-0.46311110258102417,
1.0597326755523682,
-0.2259061485528946,
-0.060524843633174896,
-0.46280238032341003,
-0.21677492558956146,
-0.2799794673919678,
1.50960111618042,
-0.17996889352798462,
-0.6402907371520996,
-0.36354848742485046,
-0.6293016672134399,
0.502254068851471,
0.9309079647064209,
-0.05275961756706238,
-0.002042114734649658,
0.2895505428314209,
0.39534854888916016,
-0.5065938234329224,
1.7103145122528076,
-0.7790443897247314,
0.5243529081344604,
-0.014456145465373993,
0.6743813753128052,
0.4933251440525055,
1.0690665245056152,
-0.42164531350135803,
-0.24763454496860504,
-1.1100221872329712,
-0.564822256565094,
-0.754662275314331,
-0.653217613697052,
-0.6844565868377686,
0.548953652381897,
-0.830995500087738,
0.39339762926101685,
-0.5184094309806824,
-0.9277791976928711,
1.6756222248077393,
0.07984756678342819,
0.3692544102668762,
-0.09263747930526733,
1.2138686180114746,
-0.5831639766693115,
-0.2966006398200989,
-2.296440601348877,
-0.13676512241363525,
-0.302890807390213,
2.1131680011749268,
-1.4901636838912964,
-0.5431700944900513,
0.201806902885437,
1.0986766815185547,
-0.7378289103507996,
-1.3917624950408936,
-0.428487092256546,
-0.13364028930664062,
0.144350066781044,
0.1957584023475647,
-0.9241963624954224,
0.6666044592857361,
-0.437017023563385,
-0.8253836035728455,
-0.3176167905330658,
-0.3123067617416382,
1.5442156791687012,
0.8193203210830688,
-0.5642516613006592,
1.0610381364822388,
0.0944674015045166,
0.551074206829071,
0.6734090447425842,
-0.03533722832798958,
-2.4067482948303223,
0.5573356747627258,
-0.06089511513710022,
-0.6415457725524902,
0.0043569207191467285,
-1.075567364692688,
0.8823426961898804,
0.3232851028442383,
0.6409106254577637,
0.8102725148200989,
-1.3736224174499512,
-1.129685640335083,
-0.5445843935012817,
0.08429180830717087,
-0.0842214897274971,
0.25652992725372314,
1.6575584411621094,
0.06887787580490112,
0.8388519883155823,
-0.556432843208313,
0.1478884220123291,
0.46686455607414246,
-0.1812518686056137,
0.3432081341743469,
0.9742814302444458,
-0.2859937250614166,
0.006574444472789764,
0.8036715984344482,
0.0406184196472168,
0.3099350929260254,
-0.8106505870819092,
0.49751436710357666,
1.480808138847351,
2.228555917739868,
0.27446866035461426,
0.17972928285598755,
0.005586676299571991,
-0.8470335006713867,
0.3459656238555908,
-1.2106157541275024,
-0.7596474885940552,
-0.6472079157829285,
-0.006571374833583832,
-0.7144772410392761,
0.7677311897277832,
1.3661632537841797,
-0.4594452977180481,
0.1887764036655426,
0.41681867837905884,
-1.6660523414611816,
-0.22522574663162231,
-0.4758683145046234,
1.6404056549072266,
0.5966202616691589,
0.4002806544303894,
1.0337538719177246,
-1.0907448530197144,
-0.4632909893989563,
0.7437379956245422,
0.4612838923931122,
0.4606563448905945,
-0.808849573135376,
-0.47251957654953003,
-0.6506220102310181,
1.3470580577850342,
-0.616238534450531,
0.03708004951477051,
-0.1916911005973816,
1.1536054611206055,
-0.47396013140678406,
2.0343666076660156,
1.4926471710205078,
1.2460343837738037,
0.7949644923210144,
-0.12939609587192535,
-0.42724159359931946,
-1.2876737117767334,
-0.18298055231571198,
0.29513779282569885,
-0.018238842487335205,
0.9129327535629272,
-0.7039797306060791,
-0.2260613739490509,
0.6819114685058594,
0.5638639330863953
] |
why dont these income number for america make any sense? | google's data for income in america: > the median wage in the us per person is $26,695. this tells us a lot since the median household income is at $50,500. since the census data looks at households, this data hones in on individual wage earners. 66 percent of americans earn less than $41,212.dec 31, 2012 but data for hourly wage from the dept of labor says the average hourly wage is 24.96 for may 2015. at 40 hours a week for 52 weeks, that's 51,916. is the dept of labor counting all full and part-time positions, or am i missing something huge? is doesn't seem like those numbers would be so far off. | i can't say whether there is anything else amiss, but you should note that the quote you give talks about the **median** wage, whereas your own calculations concern the **average** wage, which i will interpret as the **mean**. do correct me if i'm wrong. those are two different things. for example, in the set of numbers {1, 2, 10} the mean is 13/3 = 4.3 but the median is 2 (the number in the middle). for distributions with a long tail in one direction there's no reason to expect the median and the mean to agree, even approximately. so essentially the mean wage is what you get if you take the wages of everyone and divide them equally. the median wage is the wage at which exactly half the population makes less than you. the extremely rich will make the mean artificially high, especially in countries like usa which have particularly uneven wealth distributions. the median can be a more representative measure of the 'average' person's life. you might also be missing a point about full-time positions. it's certainly not true that everyone works 40 hours a week for 52 weeks. someone who works only one day a month may still have an hourly wage of $25 during the hours that they work, no? [note: i'm speculating here about the definitions used. you should go back and check with your sources *exactly* what they are measuring.] another point is that you are comparing data from 2012 with data from 2015. it can't explain the whole difference, but discrepancies add up… | 8 | [] | [] | [] | [
-0.723656177520752,
-0.13812589645385742,
1.304963231086731,
0.6937775015830994,
1.2510673999786377,
-1.7312262058258057,
0.38364821672439575,
-0.37441104650497437,
2.4359734058380127,
-1.9316210746765137,
1.648285150527954,
0.1390954554080963,
0.2941763997077942,
-2.2425546646118164,
-1.3503086566925049,
-3.7245607376098633,
0.033266499638557434,
-4.661128520965576,
-2.206723213195801,
-0.5460478663444519,
1.9860461950302124,
-1.9043421745300293,
-0.5175951719284058,
0.16162189841270447,
4.320200443267822,
-0.9054096341133118,
0.44078898429870605,
1.3365070819854736,
-0.4665048122406006,
0.8319134712219238,
-1.2155356407165527,
2.7126779556274414,
0.8213030099868774,
-0.8930820822715759,
-0.40131306648254395,
-0.23735632002353668,
1.3943111896514893,
0.9371107816696167,
-0.6276596784591675,
3.0214123725891113,
1.3756213188171387,
-4.109213352203369,
-0.6675390005111694,
-0.8494771122932434,
-1.9269979000091553,
0.8331966400146484,
2.0783379077911377,
0.29138508439064026,
-1.8150038719177246,
0.6886709928512573,
-0.2972938120365143,
1.686859369277954,
1.1241850852966309,
2.8093934059143066,
0.5032402873039246,
-0.8444631099700928,
0.762322187423706,
-2.1911845207214355,
0.42442288994789124,
1.9235655069351196,
-2.014625310897827,
2.959071397781372,
-2.3455758094787598,
1.3846086263656616,
5.010132312774658,
-0.795116662979126,
-0.4854516386985779,
-1.2134814262390137,
-3.9147300720214844,
2.879014015197754,
-1.3028239011764526,
-2.267587423324585,
-1.7305176258087158,
1.160375952720642,
-0.2705644369125366,
-0.8152667284011841,
1.348695993423462,
2.0732266902923584,
1.6446940898895264,
-1.6475282907485962,
-1.2729229927062988,
-2.2966461181640625,
-0.9835740327835083,
0.2927783727645874,
-0.37683889269828796,
-1.2871081829071045,
-0.024880237877368927,
0.43156102299690247,
4.727736473083496,
-1.143979787826538,
-0.01612795889377594,
0.4748975932598114,
-2.2423994541168213,
0.35143333673477173,
1.1067157983779907,
2.7618346214294434,
0.46819984912872314,
-0.060948219150304794,
2.068488836288452,
1.497439980506897,
-2.6647024154663086,
2.915984630584717,
-0.8434252738952637,
-0.4818505346775055,
-0.3106462359428406,
-2.6418609619140625,
-2.6928398609161377,
1.7354061603546143,
0.37288299202919006,
1.7592949867248535,
-1.1131665706634521,
-0.49567779898643494,
1.4051398038864136,
0.4720337688922882,
0.716738224029541,
-0.5382797718048096,
-0.21266832947731018,
-0.3358670175075531,
1.5322099924087524,
-1.9477393627166748,
-0.21336056292057037,
1.8324804306030273,
0.22614791989326477,
0.0898384228348732,
-1.252675175666809,
0.8572025299072266,
-0.3929365873336792,
1.293136715888977,
-0.5938410758972168,
-0.07878157496452332,
2.961376905441284,
-3.3016059398651123,
-1.2283835411071777,
-0.3812754154205322,
-2.1371564865112305,
-0.7313231825828552,
4.9804511070251465,
0.59142005443573,
-0.4777772128582001,
5.242785453796387,
3.2799336910247803,
-0.022354140877723694,
0.4054107666015625,
2.7006359100341797,
-1.0475990772247314,
3.7280805110931396,
-0.41073575615882874,
0.5781938433647156,
0.4218117594718933,
-1.640162467956543,
0.23160046339035034,
-1.8331843614578247,
0.22276854515075684,
-4.7997517585754395,
-0.48680126667022705,
-2.1298086643218994,
-0.41561567783355713,
0.6838564872741699,
1.849090576171875,
2.925443649291992,
-1.043396234512329,
0.4645291566848755,
-2.575392246246338,
-0.585161566734314,
2.5169315338134766,
2.0958118438720703,
0.3003377318382263,
-0.7729571461677551,
-0.7037717700004578,
-0.08168354630470276,
4.073716163635254,
-1.0840044021606445,
-0.7314411401748657,
1.3593381643295288,
2.9229345321655273,
-0.2907347083091736,
-2.336245536804199,
3.732057809829712,
-0.63558429479599,
0.37943756580352783,
1.517751693725586,
-1.6142613887786865,
1.7418218851089478,
2.1141908168792725,
-0.7252076268196106,
-1.5786385536193848,
-0.7716545462608337,
-0.574171781539917,
-2.8515126705169678,
0.9316418170928955,
0.6311477422714233,
1.2069815397262573,
-1.915677785873413,
2.6359610557556152,
-0.4414842128753662,
-0.8026302456855774,
2.0568737983703613,
1.317173957824707,
2.981872320175171,
0.14853987097740173,
-0.633640468120575,
0.16225597262382507,
1.0315465927124023,
-1.699882984161377,
1.2582666873931885,
0.18689030408859253,
0.45650213956832886,
-0.8750202059745789,
0.3859252631664276,
1.1317745447158813,
-0.42292121052742004,
-3.8511195182800293,
2.673675060272217,
1.935219645500183,
0.7152815461158752,
0.29532548785209656,
0.12889443337917328,
-1.6851391792297363,
-1.6284884214401245,
-1.675930380821228,
-1.9925553798675537,
0.7178356051445007,
1.0581705570220947,
-1.5181468725204468,
-2.8372561931610107,
1.2168618440628052,
0.3217228949069977,
0.49202725291252136,
2.397761821746826,
-0.6034427881240845,
5.4812517166137695,
-2.565009832382202,
2.179198980331421,
3.7278311252593994,
-1.6314841508865356,
-2.774717092514038,
0.021067947149276733,
-0.12291522324085236,
0.30328404903411865,
-3.8076045513153076,
0.9257098436355591,
-2.1628384590148926,
-0.864429771900177,
1.1841027736663818,
-1.0693085193634033,
-1.0414423942565918,
-0.6456335186958313,
1.1790539026260376,
-0.25157949328422546,
-1.2861840724945068,
-4.541867733001709,
0.30817490816116333,
-2.826547622680664,
-1.180871605873108,
-0.7543414831161499,
-1.58757746219635,
-2.369051456451416,
0.3938031792640686,
-1.6252902746200562,
-1.5203638076782227,
-0.11809024214744568,
-1.2582577466964722,
0.3934217393398285,
-1.4790748357772827,
2.6452627182006836,
-2.618194341659546,
1.5025303363800049,
-0.5626357793807983,
-0.33071666955947876,
-1.6412556171417236,
0.4352424144744873,
-3.3070080280303955,
0.603177011013031,
-1.6194651126861572,
2.2255852222442627,
2.0718460083007812,
0.5101975202560425,
4.112546443939209,
-3.126588821411133,
-1.1732137203216553,
1.0401188135147095,
0.27598512172698975,
-3.5552470684051514,
0.42917707562446594,
0.09372560679912567,
-0.30307257175445557,
0.3304671049118042,
4.8097662925720215,
0.25833743810653687,
-1.8554307222366333,
1.2317153215408325,
-3.2814033031463623,
0.8254141807556152,
-0.24275244772434235,
1.6964839696884155,
-1.2043744325637817,
-1.6837053298950195,
-2.5336952209472656,
0.7323266267776489,
1.2913892269134521,
2.2149879932403564,
-0.9418419599533081,
-0.3943685293197632,
0.8863251209259033,
-2.9501876831054688,
-0.5814242959022522,
2.8943984508514404,
1.0240544080734253,
-1.3792575597763062,
-0.544048547744751,
0.687197208404541,
-1.364285945892334,
1.6468216180801392,
1.4567461013793945,
-2.5953853130340576,
1.7140456438064575,
-3.2041895389556885,
-0.41742804646492004,
1.6682403087615967,
2.434924364089966,
1.016097068786621,
0.35978519916534424,
0.9091777801513672,
1.1490696668624878,
1.1961899995803833,
-2.667327642440796,
0.6287710666656494,
-1.9478284120559692,
-2.559290885925293,
0.7949601411819458,
2.3468518257141113,
0.5776912569999695,
1.2787504196166992,
0.3305320143699646,
1.318281888961792,
-0.7268780469894409,
-1.426335334777832,
-0.0996406227350235,
-2.3868794441223145,
0.2947080135345459,
-0.20341020822525024,
0.08564326167106628,
-1.1772416830062866,
1.7056543827056885,
0.21809381246566772,
2.8973727226257324,
-0.5141772031784058,
2.7339870929718018,
-3.1583077907562256,
-0.47083619236946106,
-0.24901948869228363,
2.641817331314087,
-0.7088307738304138,
-1.9987938404083252,
2.11582612991333,
-0.7987658977508545,
1.2234421968460083,
1.1888768672943115,
-1.200460433959961,
0.8602147102355957,
0.1773991584777832,
-1.9632391929626465,
0.26487597823143005,
3.5241310596466064,
-0.013228118419647217,
-0.3219418525695801,
-5.129391193389893,
0.7703196406364441,
0.1352197378873825,
-2.723095417022705,
2.0379955768585205,
-0.12473141402006149,
1.268639326095581,
-2.0030829906463623,
0.7312180399894714,
-4.211638927459717,
-2.4572534561157227,
-2.2131779193878174,
-3.4003145694732666,
0.17366257309913635,
3.25821590423584,
-1.6059767007827759,
2.826051950454712,
1.135590672492981
] |
how are modern scales able to measure our body fat % when we just stand on them? | [deleted] | poorly. they use bioelectrical impedance...essentially measuring the bodies resistance to a slight current. they are not terribly accurate though. the electrode path, foot to foot, is not ideal as most people carry more fat in their abdomen. these scales convert resistance to a bf% based on a rough average of typical readings from this poor setup. fat calipers are far more accurate but only if used correctly. personally i only trust hydrostatic body fat testing. its the only truly accurate testing method that doesnt involve pricey medical scanners. | 16 | [] | [] | [] | [
-1.2985508441925049,
-0.1925732046365738,
-0.10307320952415466,
0.5678077340126038,
-0.030559733510017395,
-2.277287006378174,
-0.890389621257782,
2.0823659896850586,
-0.07583677023649216,
-1.2669521570205688,
0.4702514111995697,
-0.3178991973400116,
-0.3843671381473541,
0.5594156980514526,
-1.3592150211334229,
-2.2545394897460938,
1.2582664489746094,
-1.3338810205459595,
1.6481263637542725,
1.0604641437530518,
-0.8839988112449646,
1.1119661331176758,
0.7968581318855286,
0.579261302947998,
-1.31466543674469,
-1.5563862323760986,
0.1685401350259781,
0.08942025899887085,
-0.2376905381679535,
-1.1430325508117676,
-0.22053129971027374,
0.19360342621803284,
-0.15281754732131958,
-0.8088029623031616,
0.09039708971977234,
-0.7202351093292236,
0.5930026769638062,
-1.1151041984558105,
-2.2934985160827637,
0.016866743564605713,
-0.5800790786743164,
-0.16276594996452332,
-0.4209546446800232,
1.0583842992782593,
2.398834466934204,
1.276874303817749,
0.37446466088294983,
-0.5861881375312805,
-0.6922891139984131,
0.861819863319397,
-0.436153382062912,
0.0263858363032341,
1.0570749044418335,
0.1809311807155609,
-0.15244126319885254,
-0.29457271099090576,
-0.6377392411231995,
-1.037966251373291,
-0.23457816243171692,
-0.5091869831085205,
-0.46449345350265503,
1.5993142127990723,
-0.410863995552063,
0.00513838604092598,
2.292532444000244,
0.2696014940738678,
0.9365071058273315,
-1.3712087869644165,
1.246062994003296,
0.9734283685684204,
-0.11799603700637817,
-0.6724013090133667,
0.39637428522109985,
1.7074790000915527,
0.30534854531288147,
1.1072734594345093,
-0.4305238127708435,
0.43493038415908813,
-0.8189893364906311,
-0.6616206169128418,
-2.3397252559661865,
-1.3544211387634277,
0.6935290098190308,
0.44119393825531006,
0.7410467863082886,
0.9566342830657959,
0.5570057034492493,
0.8057006597518921,
-1.748575210571289,
0.5886653661727905,
0.46624112129211426,
0.7524529695510864,
-1.8871283531188965,
-0.0006234943866729736,
-0.5483887791633606,
0.2091747522354126,
-0.4589746296405792,
-0.4561620056629181,
-0.23939737677574158,
-0.12805241346359253,
-0.8897190093994141,
-0.16930904984474182,
-1.6879289150238037,
1.2051897048950195,
-0.6303886771202087,
-1.0227147340774536,
0.18401062488555908,
0.8482600450515747,
0.1986798346042633,
0.29207032918930054,
0.3660738468170166,
0.46830078959465027,
0.7569198608398438,
0.9292579889297485,
0.4772508144378662,
-0.7305018305778503,
-0.45448505878448486,
-0.7044695019721985,
0.9698215126991272,
0.08340867608785629,
-1.2047324180603027,
-0.49132096767425537,
-0.013202890753746033,
-0.802446186542511,
0.045283906161785126,
-0.11601164937019348,
-0.21434706449508667,
0.9672269821166992,
-0.06342747062444687,
0.468683123588562,
1.1675602197647095,
-2.7074410915374756,
-1.1616319417953491,
-0.5122650265693665,
-0.09940570592880249,
0.4950568974018097,
1.079908013343811,
0.20840665698051453,
-1.3542101383209229,
1.412268877029419,
0.29811203479766846,
0.33600521087646484,
-0.3357754647731781,
0.5558900833129883,
0.4817827045917511,
0.8992077112197876,
-0.5974336266517639,
-0.5042650699615479,
-0.816481351852417,
-0.4470898509025574,
-0.12922854721546173,
-1.2115768194198608,
0.8450461030006409,
0.8180898427963257,
-0.7542469501495361,
0.08582070469856262,
-0.06707197427749634,
0.42836833000183105,
-0.08326786756515503,
-0.23357385396957397,
-0.8623173236846924,
0.2604941725730896,
-0.7244679927825928,
0.6760820746421814,
0.7264494299888611,
0.3211127519607544,
-0.9578883647918701,
-0.10286691784858704,
0.546058177947998,
0.11440421640872955,
0.8361654877662659,
-0.6710039377212524,
0.8205052614212036,
0.6066794395446777,
-0.567192792892456,
-0.45150601863861084,
-1.7378859519958496,
-0.08817775547504425,
-0.6551210284233093,
0.3864143490791321,
0.5607099533081055,
-0.011806413531303406,
1.2499955892562866,
0.3354858160018921,
-0.3193679451942444,
-0.9005625247955322,
-0.15276382863521576,
0.9268167614936829,
-0.0447726771235466,
1.987754464149475,
0.36426103115081787,
-0.799004077911377,
-1.9152897596359253,
1.563215970993042,
-0.8327473998069763,
-0.8712887763977051,
-0.5058959722518921,
0.634670078754425,
0.7607853412628174,
-0.8977162837982178,
0.7411607503890991,
0.4628121852874756,
0.609774112701416,
-0.2227075845003128,
0.34754109382629395,
-0.1781100332736969,
0.575275182723999,
-1.11742103099823,
0.6465374827384949,
1.0130714178085327,
0.343609094619751,
-0.9015967845916748,
0.5404219627380371,
-0.5677449703216553,
0.04210710525512695,
0.1524176150560379,
0.016301102936267853,
-0.09102174639701843,
-0.7160482406616211,
-0.21113894879817963,
-2.397571563720703,
-0.11516471207141876,
0.40471139550209045,
-0.3253304660320282,
-0.6550101637840271,
0.19091477990150452,
1.249240756034851,
1.5065672397613525,
-0.8209220170974731,
0.7497557401657104,
1.3545681238174438,
-0.38771194219589233,
1.4154831171035767,
0.5061798095703125,
1.111418604850769,
0.3628717064857483,
-1.48475980758667,
-0.6366592645645142,
0.738709568977356,
0.4163643717765808,
-0.994251012802124,
-0.22650623321533203,
-0.5316929221153259,
-0.24102912843227386,
0.4544292092323303,
0.5816036462783813,
0.7198635339736938,
1.0629985332489014,
0.3265937566757202,
0.7342633008956909,
-0.5980080366134644,
0.9348287582397461,
-1.1717568635940552,
-1.3098490238189697,
0.6309382915496826,
0.23816192150115967,
-0.6097860932350159,
0.17560648918151855,
-0.14089131355285645,
-0.2919352650642395,
-0.7706071138381958,
1.975036859512329,
0.2418464869260788,
-0.3482924997806549,
0.8857777118682861,
0.11105242371559143,
-0.6041432023048401,
-0.36771154403686523,
-0.020885437726974487,
-1.197058916091919,
0.17755037546157837,
-1.5890096426010132,
0.6885330677032471,
-0.08811260759830475,
1.3612258434295654,
0.3453488349914551,
0.8197778463363647,
1.4385572671890259,
-0.14092490077018738,
-0.4543198347091675,
0.06247125566005707,
-0.41603314876556396,
-0.8436551094055176,
0.25684854388237,
0.7109924554824829,
-0.7997546792030334,
-0.7639909386634827,
-0.501132607460022,
-0.909236490726471,
0.003983199596405029,
1.2026550769805908,
1.092721939086914,
0.7760409712791443,
0.20793089270591736,
1.1263766288757324,
0.7236968278884888,
2.753081798553467,
0.6401515603065491,
-0.1172584742307663,
-0.2627216577529907,
-0.6936237215995789,
0.023055031895637512,
-0.6496764421463013,
0.1156250387430191,
0.7280211448669434,
-0.08364275097846985,
0.7932415008544922,
0.6837502121925354,
0.2245025634765625,
-0.37389490008354187,
-1.220454454421997,
-1.4413498640060425,
0.31829434633255005,
-0.304973304271698,
0.04461801052093506,
0.982477068901062,
-0.36452117562294006,
-0.05605278164148331,
-0.7504576444625854,
0.872708797454834,
0.8150744438171387,
-0.2819814085960388,
1.4951322078704834,
0.8355776071548462,
-1.4082659482955933,
0.15860193967819214,
-0.3242802917957306,
-0.7006810307502747,
-0.23529404401779175,
-1.0384935140609741,
0.2908908724784851,
0.5834083557128906,
0.14950615167617798,
0.3535436987876892,
0.2454299032688141,
0.5305160284042358,
0.8026037812232971,
0.10578370094299316,
-1.6885693073272705,
-0.42783084511756897,
-2.1638317108154297,
-0.06674446910619736,
0.39386284351348877,
-0.3896045982837677,
0.9946840405464172,
-0.6029369831085205,
0.888029932975769,
-0.20931977033615112,
-1.0845624208450317,
0.08610060811042786,
-0.08404215425252914,
0.09271961450576782,
0.10882169008255005,
0.8977404832839966,
1.6633477210998535,
-0.1512680947780609,
-0.14593654870986938,
0.24631819128990173,
0.40450742840766907,
0.6956755518913269,
-0.7057130336761475,
-1.3115103244781494,
-0.7338914275169373,
0.32467126846313477,
-0.766644299030304,
-0.6731374263763428,
-0.8797187805175781,
0.7956088185310364,
-0.5732704401016235,
1.3959766626358032,
1.2544453144073486,
0.31887882947921753,
-0.18957927823066711,
-1.395127296447754,
-0.1369163990020752,
-0.7308762669563293,
-0.6568325757980347,
-0.6468480825424194,
-1.3527518510818481,
1.2694865465164185,
1.1106384992599487,
-1.0781461000442505,
1.5303359031677246,
0.3684419095516205
] |
so you are a red blood cell of an average human. how long does it take to visit every part of the human body? | also, do you even get a chance to see every part of the human body or do you die way to early. if so how much of the body would you have travelled? | it'd depend on what you define as "every part". your entire blood supply passes through the heart roughly once a minute, although where each cell goes is pure chance. they "live" for about 120 days, which is more than enough time to reach every major organ and all the major vessels. but, every organ has different parts and sections, so every rbc gets to see the lungs, but there's no guarantee they get to see every lobe of the lungs (statistically they will), or get to every branch of the pulmonary arteries (it's possible), or every single alveoli (now you're pushing it). source- tortora & derrickson's "principles of anatomy & physiology" | 57 | [] | [] | [
"http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF02460125#page-1"
] | [
-0.8189527988433838,
1.5076357126235962,
-0.3504376709461212,
-1.4720755815505981,
-1.7849682569503784,
-1.0000951290130615,
0.7260329723358154,
0.30013108253479004,
2.2588489055633545,
0.28866297006607056,
0.5413215756416321,
-0.14077171683311462,
0.9618837833404541,
0.6270111203193665,
-0.9498589634895325,
-1.394982933998108,
-1.024824857711792,
-0.5782746076583862,
-2.6880955696105957,
0.010245203971862793,
0.49651899933815,
1.0765979290008545,
0.047919631004333496,
-0.5687981843948364,
0.05567029118537903,
-0.44577062129974365,
-1.2717746496200562,
-0.7937568426132202,
0.2595147490501404,
-1.1765762567520142,
-0.1676986813545227,
-0.3083221912384033,
-0.6101101636886597,
-0.325641006231308,
0.6405508518218994,
0.38803574442863464,
-1.6210671663284302,
0.7033102512359619,
-0.49115419387817383,
0.15685176849365234,
0.1748342216014862,
-1.0107101202011108,
-0.9323991537094116,
2.150965690612793,
0.6453856825828552,
0.9553853273391724,
-0.30261510610580444,
0.2841941714286804,
0.5385177135467529,
1.5870633125305176,
-1.7689238786697388,
-0.25978320837020874,
-0.22263629734516144,
1.6613776683807373,
-1.203092336654663,
1.416017770767212,
-1.240908145904541,
-0.5172653198242188,
-0.4122301936149597,
-0.19314447045326233,
0.032768238335847855,
0.6433668732643127,
-0.16762948036193848,
1.8175888061523438,
1.199502944946289,
-1.3935554027557373,
-0.23002402484416962,
1.1352810859680176,
-0.5838719606399536,
2.0309534072875977,
-0.6281813383102417,
-0.016439378261566162,
0.19977067410945892,
0.5773600339889526,
-0.11412665247917175,
2.0748109817504883,
-0.8696537613868713,
-0.6625369191169739,
0.3376065492630005,
0.1814219355583191,
-1.0621838569641113,
-0.0590357631444931,
0.050212711095809937,
-0.25076788663864136,
0.27982401847839355,
3.0340981483459473,
-0.27671295404434204,
1.5933959484100342,
-1.6499899625778198,
-0.3989894986152649,
-0.5687894225120544,
-0.7310003042221069,
1.2129651308059692,
-0.3184974789619446,
0.31226515769958496,
1.9530785083770752,
-0.32237425446510315,
-0.5462426543235779,
0.19653108716011047,
0.09209960699081421,
-1.2816433906555176,
1.8706035614013672,
0.7852637767791748,
0.3991446793079376,
0.12776874005794525,
-0.9016647338867188,
-0.3515113592147827,
0.1263296753168106,
0.40045520663261414,
-0.10037186741828918,
-0.6640815734863281,
-0.3143742084503174,
1.4866163730621338,
-0.20475149154663086,
0.71898353099823,
0.7971394062042236,
-0.6014589071273804,
0.7932935357093811,
0.006009243428707123,
0.08976324647665024,
-0.14236098527908325,
-0.6524688005447388,
0.34420210123062134,
-0.3787521719932556,
0.3901878595352173,
0.34811267256736755,
1.2221840620040894,
1.2334471940994263,
1.5467439889907837,
0.060707300901412964,
1.2483372688293457,
-0.21025249361991882,
0.30253493785858154,
0.3915060758590698,
-1.0558749437332153,
-1.0844086408615112,
1.9071773290634155,
1.491696834564209,
-1.5742056369781494,
1.2914113998413086,
0.8995295763015747,
0.5327480435371399,
-0.6230134963989258,
0.33700090646743774,
-1.913804292678833,
1.3821171522140503,
-1.496532678604126,
-1.1706055402755737,
0.5645337104797363,
-0.5084640979766846,
-0.41148287057876587,
-1.8870368003845215,
1.0582823753356934,
-1.1387343406677246,
-0.6577146053314209,
-0.8748172521591187,
-1.3359286785125732,
0.8450736999511719,
-0.1399751901626587,
-0.7121440172195435,
-2.183852195739746,
0.5633872151374817,
0.4708777368068695,
0.48247283697128296,
1.226501226425171,
1.1230355501174927,
0.864745557308197,
-0.310824453830719,
0.030514560639858246,
-0.5203713774681091,
0.567899763584137,
-0.4138588011264801,
0.3451228737831116,
-0.41136181354522705,
-0.09011887013912201,
-0.08820413798093796,
-1.4788103103637695,
-1.5111215114593506,
1.1980228424072266,
0.5733935236930847,
-0.4546516239643097,
-0.5634023547172546,
1.5027188062667847,
0.45089468359947205,
-0.6945521831512451,
0.5659142136573792,
0.47427898645401,
0.6206296682357788,
-0.1343967467546463,
-0.13424354791641235,
2.8596606254577637,
0.5864438414573669,
-0.39519399404525757,
1.7991279363632202,
-1.674299955368042,
-1.1350979804992676,
0.7743546962738037,
0.18307161331176758,
-0.1465679407119751,
-0.18890830874443054,
-1.7072261571884155,
-0.8249496817588806,
0.6594674587249756,
-0.8720061779022217,
1.6743773221969604,
0.48942261934280396,
-0.09894675016403198,
-0.4867641031742096,
0.4519595503807068,
-0.5458868741989136,
-1.4401710033416748,
0.19780829548835754,
2.007903575897217,
-0.7356033325195312,
0.8386847376823425,
-1.0212088823318481,
-2.3196098804473877,
-0.4850042462348938,
-0.7844411730766296,
-0.547008752822876,
0.8060614466667175,
-0.9278536438941956,
1.0231341123580933,
-2.4535136222839355,
0.04768349230289459,
-0.15220504999160767,
0.3715028762817383,
0.7256952524185181,
1.3918330669403076,
0.362717866897583,
1.5393080711364746,
2.1910080909729004,
0.08880215883255005,
0.455436646938324,
-0.10343610495328903,
0.7668490409851074,
1.2541853189468384,
-0.07292032986879349,
1.34226393699646,
-0.12958428263664246,
-0.4670313894748688,
-2.4364728927612305,
-0.5070672035217285,
0.3869965374469757,
-1.066530704498291,
-0.7024757266044617,
-0.2721365690231323,
1.6025660037994385,
-0.04100203514099121,
1.501114845275879,
-1.2843942642211914,
-1.1249126195907593,
-0.18683680891990662,
-0.009582921862602234,
-1.758952021598816,
-0.21039892733097076,
-2.2786502838134766,
0.7225822806358337,
-1.1141148805618286,
-0.8048422336578369,
1.6617980003356934,
2.2978203296661377,
0.568488359451294,
-1.1544197797775269,
2.2543230056762695,
-0.5171102285385132,
-0.03363001346588135,
1.1415562629699707,
-1.0566037893295288,
-0.4860087037086487,
0.5719916820526123,
-1.1679598093032837,
-1.273348331451416,
0.2980767488479614,
0.009903132915496826,
-0.5162031650543213,
0.10369956493377686,
-0.5574562549591064,
1.1561731100082397,
1.5454288721084595,
-0.35644257068634033,
-2.9071316719055176,
-0.24861940741539001,
-1.1112158298492432,
-0.5342000722885132,
-0.6618285179138184,
0.113828644156456,
1.2410255670547485,
0.6109181046485901,
0.11829066276550293,
-0.4860519766807556,
0.8608447909355164,
-2.6006908416748047,
-0.352470338344574,
0.11591017246246338,
0.14655248820781708,
-2.2135872840881348,
0.7600848078727722,
1.8205866813659668,
0.6146647930145264,
-1.0324859619140625,
-1.2125967741012573,
-0.9259152412414551,
0.4337582290172577,
-1.7785769701004028,
0.4444675147533417,
-0.08488139510154724,
1.3544033765792847,
2.693922996520996,
-1.1777302026748657,
0.9906247854232788,
-0.7904205918312073,
1.0919278860092163,
0.34673455357551575,
-0.24515318870544434,
1.8559339046478271,
-2.175459384918213,
-0.29752790927886963,
0.5900325179100037,
0.10693439841270447,
-0.09096117317676544,
-1.2792704105377197,
0.5454113483428955,
0.9185991287231445,
1.0366671085357666,
-0.4511937201023102,
0.24064330756664276,
1.1512914896011353,
-0.9869964122772217,
0.8781428337097168,
1.5519745349884033,
1.2991559505462646,
0.696977436542511,
-1.3400044441223145,
1.4824721813201904,
1.4096660614013672,
-1.50162672996521,
-0.07430762052536011,
-1.4973413944244385,
-0.39179590344429016,
-0.6187924146652222,
-0.8701144456863403,
1.1515227556228638,
0.727717936038971,
1.1139060258865356,
-0.19166763126850128,
-0.7713483572006226,
-0.7494045495986938,
-1.4869883060455322,
0.2651693820953369,
0.5565189123153687,
0.8754643201828003,
0.48415932059288025,
-0.22134003043174744,
-0.5172277688980103,
-1.4569753408432007,
0.5711618661880493,
-0.703394889831543,
-0.2166329026222229,
-0.8333777189254761,
0.47374510765075684,
-0.16240692138671875,
0.42835700511932373,
2.223276138305664,
-1.3113709688186646,
0.2216055691242218,
0.8602678775787354,
-0.044941723346710205,
-1.3465800285339355,
0.8256935477256775,
0.4608999192714691,
0.40414342284202576,
1.467874526977539,
-0.8612198829650879,
-1.0317002534866333,
-0.11940541863441467,
0.18135014176368713,
0.008089888840913773,
-1.597550868988037,
0.7905023097991943,
-0.6804023385047913,
0.4621497690677643,
3.0645320415496826,
-1.0552083253860474
] |
what are loop corrections in particle physics? why are they necessary? | i know that they alter the mass of particles, but i don't understand how/why we can just apply these loop corrections when we want masses to be different from 'normal' (called tree-level i think?). i'm studying physics at undergrad level but i can't find an explanation that i can get my head around and also answers my question fully. thanks | in particle physics, we can't do calculations exactly: no closed-form solution exist. so, we are reduced to do calculations using perturbation theory (think taylor series), doing an expansion in a "small" parameter. edit: the "small" parameter can be, depending on the case, the coupling constants or h-bar; the contributions of the various terms can be huge (infinite even ... prior to renormalization). | 3 | [] | [] | [] | [
-1.2014590501785278,
0.13042446970939636,
-0.036185674369335175,
0.44842496514320374,
-1.4629790782928467,
0.19758151471614838,
0.06240427494049072,
0.586624264717102,
1.3181989192962646,
-0.3944816589355469,
0.3683086037635803,
0.37871962785720825,
-0.49976205825805664,
0.4221656918525696,
0.45018747448921204,
0.23006588220596313,
-1.1182301044464111,
1.078615665435791,
-2.3375473022460938,
-0.25573331117630005,
0.9572553634643555,
0.2768948972225189,
-1.1961601972579956,
-0.09078668802976608,
0.18355028331279755,
-0.12602268159389496,
0.43664008378982544,
-0.9479095339775085,
1.3939104080200195,
-0.43161994218826294,
-0.7021377086639404,
0.7017019391059875,
-1.1888737678527832,
-0.3738209903240204,
-0.2926890552043915,
0.20724128186702728,
-0.1849193274974823,
0.6789515614509583,
0.49281004071235657,
0.816012978553772,
0.14111195504665375,
1.1810355186462402,
0.005974441766738892,
0.8046799898147583,
-0.1693532019853592,
0.22098851203918457,
0.5798097252845764,
0.23294803500175476,
-0.5053229928016663,
-0.6055241823196411,
-0.5380873680114746,
0.6855693459510803,
-0.520891547203064,
-0.4596080482006073,
-0.5212001204490662,
-1.0316932201385498,
0.7247601747512817,
-1.3934530019760132,
0.329975962638855,
-1.7102305889129639,
0.4177498519420624,
0.2718813121318817,
-0.7499587535858154,
0.42839398980140686,
1.9049822092056274,
-0.05247358977794647,
1.265259027481079,
0.5922509431838989,
-0.19192048907279968,
2.5786731243133545,
0.23006364703178406,
-0.11530280113220215,
-0.6058130860328674,
-0.10968434810638428,
0.7706310153007507,
-0.8329137563705444,
0.11496371030807495,
2.2756056785583496,
0.6278578042984009,
0.2168702483177185,
0.9301744699478149,
-1.460160255432129,
-1.2275888919830322,
-0.7445539236068726,
-1.6141526699066162,
1.3766082525253296,
0.34464192390441895,
-0.06666985154151917,
1.1628038883209229,
-0.3581388592720032,
-0.36244601011276245,
-0.006460130214691162,
-1.3723043203353882,
0.5238850712776184,
-1.643054723739624,
-0.3470509648323059,
0.11099136620759964,
-0.8822990655899048,
0.9239983558654785,
0.058494776487350464,
-0.42236989736557007,
1.1983932256698608,
-1.3710479736328125,
-0.3498461842536926,
-0.5962207913398743,
-0.8526545166969299,
0.06556877493858337,
0.18145212531089783,
0.7143726348876953,
0.4813684821128845,
-0.25256988406181335,
-1.2003822326660156,
1.193347454071045,
-0.4675435423851013,
-0.22798675298690796,
0.002201557159423828,
0.8837353587150574,
0.9151557683944702,
-0.9497445225715637,
-0.43063831329345703,
-0.1567855179309845,
0.4721466302871704,
0.35674089193344116,
1.1045284271240234,
-0.58293616771698,
0.21480101346969604,
-0.42293357849121094,
0.6087812185287476,
0.07159117609262466,
0.05716627836227417,
2.094860553741455,
0.34879058599472046,
-0.3403598964214325,
0.20275072753429413,
0.3979487121105194,
-0.4356992244720459,
0.6188141703605652,
-0.6067519783973694,
-0.5814589858055115,
0.5287817120552063,
-0.35744237899780273,
0.0852506011724472,
-0.6198712587356567,
-1.3800722360610962,
0.23152783513069153,
0.168963223695755,
0.3324626088142395,
-0.7394447326660156,
0.257185161113739,
0.03311675786972046,
-0.5724535584449768,
0.7080899477005005,
-0.7767072916030884,
-1.3827121257781982,
0.7904727458953857,
0.5510267615318298,
-0.3367565870285034,
-0.6724251508712769,
-1.2578107118606567,
1.4186577796936035,
-0.5678303241729736,
1.6301125288009644,
0.8127912282943726,
-0.614474356174469,
0.18303021788597107,
0.6886085271835327,
0.8501678705215454,
-0.7176551818847656,
0.6523919701576233,
0.24779002368450165,
-0.6704091429710388,
0.2022751271724701,
0.3398168683052063,
-0.5105618834495544,
1.0015264749526978,
0.19126152992248535,
-0.9592677354812622,
-0.9802820682525635,
-0.4158289432525635,
1.7919080257415771,
-0.05360694229602814,
-0.1335652768611908,
1.0702908039093018,
-0.19196835160255432,
0.030640847980976105,
-0.04131554067134857,
-0.1987016201019287,
0.3783932030200958,
-1.2426469326019287,
0.2918948829174042,
-0.6176549792289734,
-0.43628907203674316,
-0.8584482669830322,
0.45583340525627136,
-0.546161413192749,
-1.1643894910812378,
-0.0732656866312027,
-0.5731253027915955,
-0.4667544364929199,
0.44046056270599365,
0.02288294956088066,
-0.36358070373535156,
1.4335808753967285,
-0.6581735610961914,
-0.24838188290596008,
-0.11474688351154327,
0.7019462585449219,
-0.7573537230491638,
-2.2293174266815186,
0.2528836727142334,
-1.1248375177383423,
-1.0421350002288818,
-0.367836594581604,
-1.2586150169372559,
-0.8491436243057251,
0.7906072735786438,
0.35207492113113403,
-1.543420433998108,
-1.4344680309295654,
0.23796185851097107,
0.751850426197052,
0.40573838353157043,
0.6087872385978699,
-0.9715825319290161,
-0.11658824980258942,
-1.5584349632263184,
-1.2076809406280518,
1.7504291534423828,
-0.011749595403671265,
0.04421469569206238,
0.005789220333099365,
-1.0295333862304688,
0.82590252161026,
0.6211429238319397,
0.9720866680145264,
-0.13420118391513824,
-0.47990909218788147,
1.057494044303894,
-1.444521188735962,
-0.5061343908309937,
0.2938246726989746,
-0.04361942410469055,
-0.02495911717414856,
0.02655431628227234,
-0.0410115122795105,
0.21435612440109253,
-0.24646367132663727,
-0.6229581832885742,
-0.08063927292823792,
0.3808582127094269,
-0.2995684742927551,
-0.06440100073814392,
0.250458687543869,
0.7955772876739502,
-0.16514478623867035,
-0.08969636261463165,
0.12707161903381348,
-0.6259776949882507,
-0.923630952835083,
0.011635363101959229,
1.8378880023956299,
1.092520833015442,
-0.1405860185623169,
-0.38885554671287537,
0.5082635879516602,
0.7417222261428833,
0.5877285599708557,
-0.15690481662750244,
1.2959564924240112,
-0.4430354833602905,
0.17299890518188477,
-0.21338075399398804,
-0.17161646485328674,
-0.01983669400215149,
0.49745863676071167,
-1.1900955438613892,
-0.287282794713974,
-1.000870704650879,
-1.3769361972808838,
0.004848212003707886,
-0.008754104375839233,
-0.73916095495224,
0.3694416284561157,
0.753984808921814,
-0.22611069679260254,
-0.5658962726593018,
0.7479337453842163,
-0.1421416997909546,
-0.2136486917734146,
-0.49760502576828003,
0.2130468785762787,
1.3303132057189941,
1.1928818225860596,
-0.47065332531929016,
0.04017585515975952,
0.7637178897857666,
0.6196739077568054,
0.31356939673423767,
0.046316683292388916,
-0.30080682039260864,
1.1052525043487549,
-1.5439635515213013,
-0.520276665687561,
-1.613537073135376,
-0.1817718744277954,
-0.29609107971191406,
1.6192536354064941,
0.7505757212638855,
0.8052548766136169,
-0.65108323097229,
0.3793734312057495,
0.17221182584762573,
0.8897104263305664,
0.8665063977241516,
-0.9769706726074219,
0.09921728074550629,
0.09466012567281723,
0.9576421976089478,
0.9232332706451416,
0.30730384588241577,
0.29224061965942383,
-0.10038742423057556,
-0.4067302346229553,
-0.4617764353752136,
0.7061861753463745,
0.5629235506057739,
-0.049430087208747864,
-0.6122256517410278,
-0.35710984468460083,
0.6461828947067261,
-0.17828428745269775,
0.8878153562545776,
0.33896297216415405,
0.22985199093818665,
0.725172221660614,
0.02512054145336151,
-0.21181538701057434,
0.17739662528038025,
-1.0544493198394775,
0.1646173596382141,
-0.28110063076019287,
0.5727304220199585,
0.17928862571716309,
0.26841670274734497,
0.2652280926704407,
-1.0697014331817627,
-0.30080461502075195,
0.549081563949585,
-1.2627907991409302,
-0.4080970883369446,
-0.25590360164642334,
0.9583483338356018,
0.6664962768554688,
0.7262623906135559,
0.5978678464889526,
-0.6742665767669678,
0.5517996549606323,
1.1443949937820435,
-0.38695985078811646,
0.7693582773208618,
-1.213371992111206,
0.9221003651618958,
-0.7079437971115112,
0.949775218963623,
0.5274019241333008,
0.3708442747592926,
-1.028616189956665,
-0.6657266020774841,
-0.8277502059936523,
1.2641360759735107,
0.3363969922065735,
2.04636812210083,
0.23649808764457703,
-0.4737873375415802,
0.8854566216468811,
-0.36425989866256714,
-1.014875888824463,
0.2043306529521942,
-1.2276235818862915,
-0.557624101638794,
0.07880519330501556,
0.6723178029060364,
1.5822287797927856,
-0.5481868386268616
] |
what is the "mind's eye"? | i can imagine a red ball vividly in my mind. now, i think of perception as a process because that's how i was taught (light bounces off of the ball and hits my eye etc.); but what is the process of perception for mental images and events? | the mind's eye is part of memory--visual memory, specifically--and it just means remembering what something looks like. we remember, retain, and recall information from all senses--think about how you can recall what your favourite food tastes like or what your favourite song sounds like. in your example, your brain takes the image that it has processed and interpreted (what you see) and puts that sensory information into storage. you retain some of that memory, and (hopefully) you can recall it later on--or see it in your mind. visual memory is how we do things like read maps, walk into the right house, or move around a room without banging into every piece of furniture. what's interesting about visual memory is that only small amounts can be taken it at a time. your brain can consolidate some information, but it's highly susceptible to errors. this is also why people who do things like witness a crime can give an entirely different report than the actual conclusions from investigators. they aren't lying, they just didn't remember the right information. like most things related to brains, there are a lot of theories about how exactly it all works. | 6 | [] | [] | [] | [
1.0167715549468994,
-1.2198444604873657,
-0.616672158241272,
-0.6174740195274353,
1.0335434675216675,
-1.4445128440856934,
2.9931750297546387,
-1.0503127574920654,
4.014977931976318,
-0.29075196385383606,
-0.10411296784877777,
0.9849771857261658,
0.6194877028465271,
-0.7658022046089172,
-0.6754715442657471,
-2.6167376041412354,
2.5050158500671387,
1.877050518989563,
-4.382291793823242,
-0.8426218032836914,
-1.2956771850585938,
-0.8338066339492798,
0.868664562702179,
0.21167762577533722,
0.04696018993854523,
4.15782356262207,
-0.007904499769210815,
-1.1432909965515137,
-1.011793851852417,
-1.5157830715179443,
-0.2989591360092163,
1.0427355766296387,
0.3715140223503113,
-0.8437115550041199,
-1.9448305368423462,
1.860908031463623,
-1.6551965475082397,
0.0395067073404789,
1.8189339637756348,
-2.1622321605682373,
-1.8595216274261475,
2.9160284996032715,
-0.15781375765800476,
2.8257391452789307,
0.9320358037948608,
2.3371195793151855,
-0.23822137713432312,
0.6817439794540405,
0.406352162361145,
1.058558702468872,
-1.9431586265563965,
1.4531657695770264,
-2.8682713508605957,
-2.2677409648895264,
-0.8600634336471558,
4.6272873878479,
1.236328363418579,
0.28138816356658936,
-1.0710312128067017,
-0.4243355691432953,
0.6801806092262268,
-2.1920807361602783,
-0.38772445917129517,
0.8464088439941406,
2.779679775238037,
-0.6785463094711304,
-0.9882672429084778,
0.507291853427887,
-0.6370754837989807,
-1.160869836807251,
1.6866464614868164,
2.859287977218628,
-0.18758758902549744,
0.15455736219882965,
1.2964905500411987,
-0.3222501575946808,
0.33572378754615784,
-0.9483489394187927,
-0.42307257652282715,
-0.9743081331253052,
0.13683873414993286,
0.6528403162956238,
-0.5270170569419861,
-1.3266550302505493,
1.2483997344970703,
1.1509559154510498,
0.8837370276451111,
0.9080789089202881,
-2.216665029525757,
-0.8249421119689941,
-1.3951414823532104,
-3.1219658851623535,
-1.226076602935791,
-1.4985263347625732,
2.339568614959717,
0.6937650442123413,
-0.20610244572162628,
-1.0614101886749268,
0.30594655871391296,
0.3854183554649353,
-1.0023876428604126,
2.7423160076141357,
0.4326227307319641,
-1.4075080156326294,
1.479225754737854,
-2.936807870864868,
0.690581202507019,
1.1649221181869507,
-0.2615698575973511,
-1.701228141784668,
-1.426796317100525,
-0.2207331359386444,
1.0725430250167847,
0.5645530223846436,
0.7904770970344543,
-0.8289294242858887,
-2.4656167030334473,
0.27745768427848816,
1.2453969717025757,
-1.8591256141662598,
0.5377210378646851,
-0.49548113346099854,
0.15049393475055695,
1.029312014579773,
-1.1930841207504272,
-2.674664258956909,
0.9185929298400879,
1.304510474205017,
0.49988454580307007,
-1.155271291732788,
-1.0461746454238892,
-1.608153223991394,
1.5325499773025513,
1.4321708679199219,
-0.6967206597328186,
-0.11586913466453552,
2.863708019256592,
0.2756293714046478,
0.8434890508651733,
0.16127458214759827,
1.566106915473938,
3.6634809970855713,
0.8725463151931763,
0.23762433230876923,
-3.764770269393921,
4.9014892578125,
-0.5419957637786865,
-1.4251735210418701,
0.3528146743774414,
1.7922248840332031,
1.2078490257263184,
-1.3088414669036865,
0.7961139678955078,
-1.8944756984710693,
-1.5489526987075806,
-0.3298712968826294,
-2.2344884872436523,
0.8652563691139221,
-1.8814350366592407,
-0.2609056532382965,
-1.7547494173049927,
0.5092372298240662,
-0.49220210313796997,
0.31322669982910156,
2.9356188774108887,
0.5834653377532959,
1.2184374332427979,
-1.4891726970672607,
0.824237585067749,
0.9065573811531067,
-2.080784797668457,
-1.4713902473449707,
-1.7152996063232422,
0.11279653012752533,
0.26078474521636963,
-1.2357016801834106,
-4.687025547027588,
-1.369455337524414,
-0.5465768575668335,
-1.563034176826477,
-0.1306203454732895,
-1.8709733486175537,
-0.6883203387260437,
2.3882155418395996,
-0.10814958810806274,
-0.17837205529212952,
1.6179596185684204,
0.19661180675029755,
1.4518001079559326,
0.19900238513946533,
0.2753038704395294,
-0.09234146773815155,
0.33775919675827026,
1.1518211364746094,
0.25386977195739746,
0.6285829544067383,
2.5518815517425537,
0.497898131608963,
-0.8057233691215515,
-0.40406593680381775,
-2.663217544555664,
-2.6817641258239746,
-1.0050064325332642,
-0.6309248805046082,
1.5259184837341309,
-1.4688997268676758,
0.09664769470691681,
0.8633272647857666,
1.5625466108322144,
0.6972802877426147,
-0.3756870627403259,
-2.282402992248535,
-2.738529682159424,
1.3548130989074707,
3.202139139175415,
-2.123835802078247,
-3.9862899780273438,
1.6457023620605469,
-0.9533722400665283,
0.3751673102378845,
1.6080169677734375,
-3.4625494480133057,
-1.3811241388320923,
-2.761634588241577,
-3.848781108856201,
-1.3785514831542969,
-0.06740301847457886,
0.6534793972969055,
-1.6108672618865967,
-0.12079575657844543,
0.7391177415847778,
-0.997873067855835,
0.9767895936965942,
-1.4972083568572998,
-2.9851627349853516,
-0.7328488230705261,
0.0019164085388183594,
-0.7264124155044556,
-0.5845338106155396,
-2.3641605377197266,
-0.688857913017273,
-1.0869004726409912,
-1.1373310089111328,
-0.5959827899932861,
-1.8729000091552734,
0.5605922341346741,
0.37946727871894836,
-0.26374027132987976,
1.2507623434066772,
1.5151195526123047,
-1.4603068828582764,
0.1748058944940567,
0.4525303244590759,
-0.8793882131576538,
-1.6897225379943848,
-2.2219009399414062,
-1.65988028049469,
0.4909917712211609,
-0.3859855532646179,
0.4412683844566345,
1.9755754470825195,
-1.2949647903442383,
-2.2314436435699463,
-0.8001961708068848,
0.9047285318374634,
2.1967270374298096,
1.093885898590088,
0.4650466740131378,
-1.322587490081787,
-1.2392057180404663,
-2.534318208694458,
1.5367043018341064,
0.9675832986831665,
0.7010059356689453,
2.6102750301361084,
-1.0633436441421509,
0.6100037693977356,
-3.0564534664154053,
-2.3341634273529053,
1.4502842426300049,
3.1874122619628906,
-3.226949691772461,
1.8590185642242432,
0.8162778615951538,
0.5372397303581238,
-0.9642889499664307,
-1.1087392568588257,
-0.3578272759914398,
2.0387697219848633,
0.8415771126747131,
-0.06794357299804688,
1.6143511533737183,
0.6153307557106018,
-0.1699243038892746,
2.7244362831115723,
1.018477201461792,
-2.51584792137146,
-0.18341293931007385,
1.6359646320343018,
2.184459686279297,
-1.7885974645614624,
-0.19329552352428436,
0.005339194089174271,
1.3807644844055176,
-0.1723080426454544,
-0.7930120229721069,
-0.23440814018249512,
1.1006097793579102,
1.353491187095642,
-0.9782140254974365,
-1.627076268196106,
-0.38367989659309387,
-1.207600712776184,
0.347881019115448,
-2.176405429840088,
0.8353521823883057,
-0.06048735976219177,
2.561466932296753,
-0.43142709136009216,
-0.10745446383953094,
-1.7329365015029907,
-3.5911669731140137,
1.5159294605255127,
1.3082915544509888,
1.4130626916885376,
-3.0306289196014404,
1.5672836303710938,
2.8986456394195557,
-2.2115862369537354,
0.25634869933128357,
-1.407625436782837,
-0.5042521953582764,
-1.2178903818130493,
-1.7184315919876099,
1.906152367591858,
2.3675642013549805,
0.7601219415664673,
-1.08143150806427,
-0.29404759407043457,
0.6791383028030396,
2.6281347274780273,
0.10636076331138611,
1.0956004858016968,
-0.8008015155792236,
2.6077072620391846,
1.271651029586792,
-0.05365504324436188,
6.028832912445068,
-1.2320246696472168,
0.7052738070487976,
1.366064190864563,
2.2632837295532227,
3.389056921005249,
1.1645898818969727,
3.719820022583008,
-3.8177690505981445,
0.8971935510635376,
0.9124962091445923,
1.7098766565322876,
-1.2188349962234497,
0.8827952146530151,
-1.347367763519287,
0.8253231644630432,
5.165909767150879,
-1.9496726989746094,
0.8686524629592896,
1.2243034839630127,
-1.6950650215148926,
0.5292189121246338,
0.682217001914978,
-0.9702273607254028,
1.7017107009887695,
1.0585556030273438,
1.263925313949585,
1.7314220666885376,
0.9295895099639893,
1.4580801725387573,
0.21841806173324585,
-2.091407299041748,
2.316953182220459,
3.735741376876831,
3.721667528152466,
0.35631123185157776,
-0.4334985911846161
] |
how do we explain the possibility of 'jets' being emitted from active galaxy nuclei? | from what i understand, we have observed jets of matter and energy being spewn out from active galaxy nuclei which are essentially, correct me if i'm wrong; supermassive black holes. now, how do we explain the existence of these jets? i mean, how can matter and energy that has already crossed the event horizon be propelled out again? thanks in advance! | you are right that the jets originate from active galaxy nuclei which are presumably supermassive black holes, but you messed up at this part: the radiation does not originate from within the event horizon as any matter there is lost to the outside world. the jets are produced by what is essentially the extreme friction which occurs as matter tries to fall into the black hole. the exact mechanism for how the infalling matter in the accretion disc generates the expelled radiation is a hot area of research right now. | 14 | [] | [] | [] | [
-0.6767001748085022,
0.17733433842658997,
1.3267185688018799,
0.34365200996398926,
0.5232372283935547,
0.29287418723106384,
0.33172857761383057,
-0.2935965657234192,
0.934365451335907,
-1.064520239830017,
0.05027308315038681,
-0.5651388168334961,
-1.0244824886322021,
-0.7072775959968567,
0.18179123103618622,
-0.6026136875152588,
-1.5531607866287231,
-1.5839933156967163,
-1.5413955450057983,
-1.0477430820465088,
-0.3572593331336975,
-0.8024595379829407,
-0.9168761968612671,
-0.10354092717170715,
-0.8208937644958496,
0.6825042963027954,
0.07148806750774384,
0.24671176075935364,
0.6429421305656433,
-0.8570222854614258,
0.1651269495487213,
0.07499642670154572,
-1.0261867046356201,
0.6634167432785034,
0.059313125908374786,
-0.5415686368942261,
0.48698610067367554,
0.034842655062675476,
-0.8707488775253296,
-0.40024369955062866,
0.007108576595783234,
-0.8316059112548828,
0.014688849449157715,
0.8322699069976807,
0.9882203340530396,
1.478355884552002,
0.7485494017601013,
-0.39974915981292725,
-0.30484235286712646,
-0.15579453110694885,
-0.39123547077178955,
-0.23232561349868774,
-0.31412574648857117,
0.08873140811920166,
0.5003634691238403,
0.14557749032974243,
1.2181038856506348,
-0.8499353528022766,
0.10843391716480255,
-0.7552210092544556,
0.19955302774906158,
-0.8893148303031921,
-1.636582612991333,
0.23103561997413635,
1.3357855081558228,
-1.1723065376281738,
0.9018100500106812,
-0.5282975435256958,
-0.4152272343635559,
2.144603967666626,
-0.6891723275184631,
0.7518096566200256,
-0.5050327777862549,
-0.39136335253715515,
-0.21461401879787445,
0.5342320799827576,
1.7188483476638794,
1.117060661315918,
0.16572034358978271,
0.6641582250595093,
1.5810860395431519,
1.0188848972320557,
-0.22341591119766235,
-0.23124974966049194,
-0.23155248165130615,
1.1732674837112427,
-0.5539929866790771,
0.34163138270378113,
0.5129131078720093,
0.09674030542373657,
-1.942525863647461,
-0.3887249827384949,
0.39111441373825073,
0.1044456884264946,
0.24366042017936707,
1.2532687187194824,
1.172989845275879,
-1.235887885093689,
0.6529637575149536,
0.6881760358810425,
-0.7616310119628906,
-0.015695929527282715,
-0.9275121688842773,
1.2130367755889893,
-0.3235969543457031,
0.356973260641098,
0.300915002822876,
0.747595489025116,
0.4033832550048828,
-0.36314308643341064,
0.09858551621437073,
-0.6575295925140381,
0.10062029957771301,
-1.4913206100463867,
-0.9010505676269531,
0.28175410628318787,
-0.5714749097824097,
0.9998621940612793,
-2.446101665496826,
-0.9447593688964844,
-1.548285961151123,
-0.4037949740886688,
0.5528289079666138,
0.10607661306858063,
0.4687207341194153,
-1.275599718093872,
0.21874800324440002,
0.4725441336631775,
0.03745277225971222,
-1.550870656967163,
-0.15247029066085815,
-0.9758135676383972,
-0.5064015984535217,
0.12261205911636353,
-0.3172752857208252,
-0.09261275827884674,
0.9015064239501953,
0.036428093910217285,
-1.4253203868865967,
-0.0495544970035553,
-0.2850635051727295,
-0.045014888048172,
0.8624080419540405,
-0.02584683522582054,
-0.0003612041473388672,
0.5259949564933777,
-0.40701210498809814,
0.20719480514526367,
0.8316429853439331,
-0.9655920267105103,
-0.6820238828659058,
-0.8771831393241882,
-0.184183731675148,
1.4799319505691528,
0.16352981328964233,
0.6188338398933411,
-0.5824384093284607,
0.5126244425773621,
-0.27446702122688293,
0.8409480452537537,
-0.48547226190567017,
0.7399799823760986,
1.2402790784835815,
0.653522253036499,
-0.348108172416687,
-0.4608577489852905,
0.16710135340690613,
0.2824540138244629,
0.6717902421951294,
0.7302498817443848,
-1.0900169610977173,
0.24869437515735626,
1.0906486511230469,
-0.7005987763404846,
0.060275182127952576,
-0.2456054538488388,
-0.8417538404464722,
0.12633216381072998,
-0.0512864775955677,
1.600428581237793,
-0.5057275295257568,
-0.7211252450942993,
2.4781360626220703,
1.0561054944992065,
0.24781116843223572,
-0.562414824962616,
0.2780820429325104,
-0.03252255916595459,
-0.1692815124988556,
-1.364576816558838,
-0.3354310989379883,
0.3330175280570984,
0.2507980465888977,
0.6460115313529968,
-0.42674195766448975,
0.6833810806274414,
-1.4330943822860718,
-0.5750280618667603,
-1.6733593940734863,
-0.15669170022010803,
-0.6271026730537415,
-2.0088603496551514,
0.5155094861984253,
-0.5692111253738403,
-0.08596491813659668,
-0.16081099212169647,
0.06865322589874268,
1.719409704208374,
-2.0908989906311035,
-0.6582351922988892,
0.6689314842224121,
-1.7564936876296997,
-1.055283546447754,
0.6895160675048828,
0.3041953444480896,
-0.10505013167858124,
-0.45506739616394043,
-1.5905368328094482,
-1.453715443611145,
0.14796625077724457,
1.9406816959381104,
-0.37931355834007263,
-0.014783053658902645,
-0.9125195741653442,
0.9271059632301331,
-0.9545159339904785,
-0.6861927509307861,
0.3882324695587158,
0.43349409103393555,
1.238420009613037,
-0.1492721289396286,
1.3083120584487915,
-0.8482688069343567,
1.2276623249053955,
0.1995602697134018,
0.6633085012435913,
-1.0158019065856934,
0.14216604828834534,
-0.656285285949707,
-1.1289876699447632,
0.5144281387329102,
0.6312205195426941,
0.2091509997844696,
0.7555978894233704,
1.9353034496307373,
-0.9262658953666687,
-1.1543484926223755,
-0.5736294388771057,
-0.33583515882492065,
0.3585616946220398,
1.2695199251174927,
-0.5117316246032715,
-1.0714424848556519,
0.7988860607147217,
-0.08418973535299301,
0.8224929571151733,
-1.8571293354034424,
-0.9159775972366333,
0.6242474913597107,
0.502440869808197,
1.4131126403808594,
-0.2771533131599426,
-1.5671405792236328,
-2.7694811820983887,
0.798862636089325,
2.0467875003814697,
-0.10145106911659241,
2.1197597980499268,
-0.758743405342102,
0.644821047782898,
-0.412009060382843,
1.0041676759719849,
0.05120345950126648,
-0.4796958565711975,
0.16811084747314453,
-1.2339415550231934,
-0.3097277879714966,
-0.966009259223938,
-0.43526604771614075,
0.28319939970970154,
-0.2515126168727875,
-1.0020883083343506,
-0.038302838802337646,
-0.2542164921760559,
0.5462514758110046,
-0.8055254220962524,
-0.24619588255882263,
-1.2035950422286987,
0.6190468072891235,
-0.28236982226371765,
0.030162133276462555,
3.1910955905914307,
0.7904921770095825,
-0.2613094449043274,
1.2841854095458984,
-0.5066384673118591,
-1.8196115493774414,
-0.0110926553606987,
-0.4671236574649811,
0.07067730277776718,
-0.03377223387360573,
-0.351138174533844,
-0.5168921947479248,
0.0575353279709816,
0.06133571267127991,
-0.270662784576416,
0.9468637704849243,
0.28274083137512207,
0.8102426528930664,
0.19512224197387695,
-0.8682862520217896,
-1.5079307556152344,
0.7613889575004578,
0.6044343709945679,
-1.5809458494186401,
0.2626359164714813,
0.012562096118927002,
-0.048743970692157745,
-0.10668199509382248,
0.5234502553939819,
1.1453475952148438,
0.8051818013191223,
0.39321398735046387,
0.30012643337249756,
0.09383836388587952,
-0.3576115667819977,
-0.31155824661254883,
0.3040977716445923,
0.7777488827705383,
0.10803455114364624,
-0.6800816059112549,
-0.030445516109466553,
1.2317981719970703,
-0.48142051696777344,
1.6161284446716309,
1.9175450801849365,
0.10827776789665222,
-0.6146188974380493,
-0.1467221975326538,
0.40485262870788574,
-0.745453953742981,
0.5666099786758423,
0.8664674162864685,
1.1084568500518799,
0.27079206705093384,
0.7734553217887878,
0.6937647461891174,
0.6270161867141724,
-0.10896147787570953,
1.6027157306671143,
-0.7005519866943359,
0.5303711295127869,
1.25783109664917,
-0.021480053663253784,
0.6306880116462708,
-0.5972931385040283,
-0.08566613495349884,
0.372251957654953,
1.5610946416854858,
-1.5255547761917114,
-0.0635172426700592,
1.112823486328125,
1.5388432741165161,
1.5756545066833496,
-1.770315170288086,
1.7387796640396118,
-0.619813084602356,
-0.586322546005249,
-0.875450611114502,
-0.39516928791999817,
0.27605628967285156,
0.13384586572647095,
0.12413889169692993,
-0.8264591693878174,
0.26633429527282715,
-0.728662371635437,
-0.12079349160194397,
-0.726447343826294,
-0.7395654916763306,
0.3190948963165283,
-0.512574315071106,
-0.3272005617618561,
1.272368311882019,
0.4759650230407715
] |
comet assays: what do you analyse, statistically? | in order to measure dna damage, what do you measure? tail moment, intensity? or is it a comparison between the head and tail in terms of area? | both measurements -- intensity and areas of the head and tail -- are useful, no? the intensity of the tail in comparison to the total dna would tell you how much dna is damaged, and the area of the tail in comparison to the total comet would tell you a bit about what size fragments are produced. | 2 | [] | [] | [] | [
-0.4479252099990845,
0.19810348749160767,
1.3003565073013306,
-0.6553992629051208,
-0.3447638750076294,
-1.3866928815841675,
0.24805954098701477,
1.141098141670227,
0.14965228736400604,
-0.791510820388794,
0.43643271923065186,
-0.04605603218078613,
0.24022798240184784,
-0.6819087266921997,
-0.810426652431488,
-0.4655033349990845,
-0.27519115805625916,
0.16457290947437286,
-1.6758556365966797,
0.2647535502910614,
0.2115924060344696,
0.7491762042045593,
-0.3151571750640869,
0.23111359775066376,
0.7769436836242676,
0.005180448293685913,
-0.3096616864204407,
0.8238766193389893,
-0.22538834810256958,
-0.9158225059509277,
-0.8417580127716064,
0.29977357387542725,
-0.09478683024644852,
-0.5615130662918091,
1.0620909929275513,
-0.36927518248558044,
0.23111635446548462,
0.10021770000457764,
-0.024058476090431213,
0.4659215211868286,
-0.339234858751297,
0.03623732924461365,
-0.3099534511566162,
0.5665753483772278,
-0.18693529069423676,
0.7259607315063477,
0.3174803853034973,
0.23325103521347046,
-0.21994906663894653,
0.4312552213668823,
-0.03983414173126221,
0.2765384614467621,
-1.311386227607727,
0.783923327922821,
0.31406596302986145,
-0.5463011264801025,
-0.3383723497390747,
-0.7020167112350464,
0.14902126789093018,
-0.011216085404157639,
0.4624817967414856,
0.6298283338546753,
-0.041462961584329605,
0.15149974822998047,
1.4787027835845947,
-0.3033336102962494,
-0.1373162418603897,
-0.36642909049987793,
-0.6838470101356506,
1.2669727802276611,
0.35203295946121216,
0.01648099720478058,
-0.8536890745162964,
-0.25792407989501953,
-0.42543095350265503,
0.06906675547361374,
-0.15939021110534668,
0.06533028930425644,
-0.3451520800590515,
-0.3008345365524292,
-1.0563886165618896,
-0.38320192694664,
0.09600198268890381,
-0.017070084810256958,
-0.09010722488164902,
0.7985871434211731,
-0.14724569022655487,
1.448427677154541,
-0.815606951713562,
0.2933945655822754,
-0.6034895181655884,
-0.5260767936706543,
-0.061641693115234375,
0.09452107548713684,
-0.1659764051437378,
0.8677894473075867,
-0.12372955679893494,
-1.2689313888549805,
1.5621774196624756,
0.2015257179737091,
-0.3859204053878784,
-0.39197731018066406,
-0.8535794615745544,
-0.07278653979301453,
-0.9425501823425293,
0.3024633526802063,
-0.24668097496032715,
1.3009504079818726,
0.7146943807601929,
0.41850244998931885,
0.23913118243217468,
-0.14857223629951477,
0.2778055667877197,
0.0646945983171463,
0.030466213822364807,
-0.7385225892066956,
-0.01933278702199459,
-0.7216453552246094,
-1.4377213716506958,
-0.5863469243049622,
0.2396286129951477,
-0.14677375555038452,
0.6963470578193665,
-0.05349944531917572,
0.6236263513565063,
-0.8492776155471802,
0.05049741268157959,
0.8827069401741028,
0.8593449592590332,
0.599589467048645,
0.7688736915588379,
0.14948828518390656,
0.08123932033777237,
0.3117324113845825,
-0.674871027469635,
-0.010506227612495422,
0.3249717354774475,
0.17539307475090027,
-0.9043402671813965,
0.45300528407096863,
-0.04584449529647827,
-0.6080918312072754,
0.27706363797187805,
0.735759437084198,
0.7732037305831909,
1.2803936004638672,
-1.272962212562561,
-0.5158402919769287,
0.5276987552642822,
0.4271503686904907,
-0.27375465631484985,
-0.3690543472766876,
0.9240530729293823,
0.262498676776886,
-0.3867011070251465,
-0.5325397849082947,
-0.5396868586540222,
0.17708587646484375,
0.1613597869873047,
0.2239963710308075,
-0.3926805853843689,
0.1114799752831459,
-0.39313969016075134,
0.5179819464683533,
-0.21916989982128143,
0.03312462568283081,
-0.6555085182189941,
-0.3116133213043213,
0.7646851539611816,
-0.3335021138191223,
0.24261122941970825,
-0.3414899706840515,
0.42700493335723877,
-0.8627196550369263,
0.9810188412666321,
0.17010575532913208,
-1.8047218322753906,
0.45836254954338074,
0.5105671882629395,
1.1211872100830078,
0.8776872158050537,
0.07035534083843231,
1.0713304281234741,
0.9132150411605835,
0.16267313063144684,
-1.1233582496643066,
0.4300580322742462,
0.9998809099197388,
0.31130844354629517,
0.03058648109436035,
0.4406878352165222,
0.26934587955474854,
0.1874765157699585,
0.7624343037605286,
0.12940484285354614,
0.07614181935787201,
0.21723878383636475,
-0.03287842869758606,
-0.380376935005188,
-0.2474246621131897,
0.13367778062820435,
-0.2010645568370819,
-0.6547472476959229,
-0.38904130458831787,
-0.47369155287742615,
-0.2624218761920929,
0.08356702327728271,
0.1895686835050583,
-0.567637026309967,
0.7233521938323975,
-0.588198184967041,
-1.6026040315628052,
-0.6348682641983032,
0.3927583694458008,
0.3433946371078491,
-0.26614516973495483,
-1.3615670204162598,
-0.5810215473175049,
-0.11347560584545135,
-0.5883136987686157,
-0.6204818487167358,
-1.2417579889297485,
-0.012841597199440002,
-1.010238766670227,
0.06715771555900574,
-0.02522847056388855,
-0.4121055006980896,
-0.5400670766830444,
0.2064950317144394,
0.28058546781539917,
0.6045149564743042,
1.3611700534820557,
-0.7563416957855225,
-0.04830276966094971,
-0.3357938528060913,
0.21087732911109924,
-0.8928471803665161,
-0.4181848168373108,
-0.5791528820991516,
-0.07099705934524536,
0.22569116950035095,
0.15292543172836304,
0.29760921001434326,
-0.23275095224380493,
-0.08691754937171936,
-0.11106725037097931,
0.17467892169952393,
-0.06604072451591492,
-0.013405904173851013,
-0.06801573932170868,
-1.0237514972686768,
-1.640535831451416,
-0.4412155747413635,
0.45471006631851196,
0.2328779101371765,
-0.38164055347442627,
0.09106196463108063,
0.1189327985048294,
-0.014125347137451172,
0.13916395604610443,
0.7792837619781494,
-0.5399259924888611,
-0.10359886288642883,
-1.514991283416748,
0.34987950325012207,
0.6455982327461243,
1.3797180652618408,
0.45905357599258423,
-0.5215544104576111,
-0.7529057860374451,
0.8245247602462769,
-0.16932183504104614,
0.017857074737548828,
0.2324366718530655,
1.1376760005950928,
0.11400318890810013,
-0.06548771262168884,
-0.21750660240650177,
0.223224937915802,
0.30188751220703125,
-0.1951344609260559,
-0.5996261835098267,
0.06653368473052979,
0.6547753810882568,
-0.3551403284072876,
-1.1035375595092773,
-0.5007696151733398,
-0.17842331528663635,
0.22482424974441528,
0.4549320936203003,
-0.2342958152294159,
0.4545575976371765,
-0.9018536806106567,
-0.05179360881447792,
0.7532966136932373,
0.5062247514724731,
0.9191945195198059,
0.5776692628860474,
0.054230496287345886,
0.12254461646080017,
-0.8923147916793823,
0.1752866804599762,
0.17921501398086548,
0.8835978507995605,
-0.9083234667778015,
-0.38064780831336975,
0.3743981719017029,
1.2896802425384521,
1.4513812065124512,
-0.5941721200942993,
-0.8519729375839233,
-0.1701386570930481,
-0.23236291110515594,
0.7483165264129639,
-0.6750814914703369,
-0.2565329074859619,
0.13805243372917175,
0.47590211033821106,
0.7508834600448608,
0.4593280553817749,
0.8501864075660706,
0.13493141531944275,
-0.642724871635437,
-0.23552627861499786,
-0.1749456822872162,
0.3538587689399719,
0.26512256264686584,
0.4787759482860565,
0.08583132922649384,
0.29819178581237793,
0.0737113207578659,
-0.0627436637878418,
-0.48585274815559387,
0.4495881199836731,
-0.12195676565170288,
-0.03325735032558441,
-0.07041910290718079,
0.14205777645111084,
-0.6080771088600159,
-0.001801028847694397,
-0.7352121472358704,
-0.022546082735061646,
0.7739931344985962,
0.19984975457191467,
0.19969549775123596,
-0.557514488697052,
-0.17309688031673431,
0.32970017194747925,
-1.056697130203247,
-0.5149819254875183,
0.35891735553741455,
0.4273329973220825,
0.40376657247543335,
-0.517022430896759,
1.1195828914642334,
-0.8515053987503052,
-0.5998438596725464,
1.375145673751831,
0.13944853842258453,
-0.23373988270759583,
-0.01014120876789093,
-0.7014927864074707,
-0.013485804200172424,
0.9821813106536865,
0.4567110538482666,
0.9416206479072571,
-0.5576211214065552,
-0.4943597614765167,
-0.8981438875198364,
-0.7963659763336182,
1.2119792699813843,
0.8292440176010132,
0.1866600513458252,
-0.4304841458797455,
0.08704307675361633,
0.33577215671539307,
0.4544805586338043,
0.2827954590320587,
0.09604869782924652,
-0.061296071857213974,
0.7149516940116882,
0.6032233834266663,
1.2183045148849487,
-0.3987654447555542
] |
would strange matter blow up 'normal matter'? | i am asking if matter with strange quarks could be in the same nucleus as matter with just up and down quarks and still be stable, i am also asking if strange matter could possibly be included in atoms and molecules and if we really know any of its properties in the first place. | strange matter wouldn't necessarily do anything interesting when it comes into contact with regular matter, like antimatter would. however hadrons with strange quarks tend to be very unstable, so strange matter decays quickly, and can release a lot of energy as a result. | 5 | [] | [] | [] | [
-1.0800737142562866,
-0.27375003695487976,
0.1765756607055664,
0.4404660165309906,
-0.04258283972740173,
-0.586466372013092,
1.0243945121765137,
-0.05620730668306351,
0.531756579875946,
-0.07325652986764908,
0.3742257356643677,
0.47489890456199646,
0.143943190574646,
-0.2945502996444702,
0.7332803010940552,
-0.5130126476287842,
-0.6063443422317505,
-0.39150893688201904,
-1.7409327030181885,
0.36898308992385864,
-0.6572989225387573,
-0.681087851524353,
-0.5112171173095703,
-0.8007913827896118,
-1.1407840251922607,
0.2431817650794983,
0.09699928760528564,
-0.34636974334716797,
0.2633343040943146,
0.35330989956855774,
0.3040682077407837,
1.018500804901123,
-0.34193500876426697,
0.15955489873886108,
-0.35070085525512695,
0.34071266651153564,
-0.4838055372238159,
0.2556321918964386,
0.6240395903587341,
-0.20684108138084412,
-0.4349796772003174,
0.3129587173461914,
0.6041578054428101,
0.27499234676361084,
0.23512479662895203,
0.6820122003555298,
0.6777290105819702,
0.23529060184955597,
-0.25512054562568665,
-0.834251880645752,
0.3702324628829956,
0.7333772778511047,
-0.46588218212127686,
-0.001913018524646759,
-0.43602773547172546,
0.3748741149902344,
-0.07185685634613037,
-0.25756675004959106,
-0.7642234563827515,
-0.9690418243408203,
-0.3172511160373688,
0.14106473326683044,
-0.4641907811164856,
0.5566942691802979,
1.3391664028167725,
-0.2865532636642456,
0.36250996589660645,
-0.2781030535697937,
0.8578984141349792,
0.7578423023223877,
0.6950892806053162,
1.0110211372375488,
-0.364080011844635,
1.0193723440170288,
0.44918757677078247,
0.980735719203949,
0.555534839630127,
-0.032383620738983154,
0.5251705646514893,
0.3909038007259369,
-0.1097494512796402,
-0.3695862293243408,
0.068515345454216,
-0.8217964172363281,
-0.00004661083221435547,
0.5008410215377808,
0.2732697129249573,
0.03421745449304581,
0.45073744654655457,
-0.06297865509986877,
0.10687749087810516,
-0.2232598066329956,
0.03712117299437523,
-0.132550910115242,
0.34315478801727295,
1.3849140405654907,
0.7311650514602661,
-0.8928490281105042,
-0.00728529691696167,
0.9906172752380371,
-0.891325831413269,
-0.06159953773021698,
-0.7848579287528992,
0.9289301633834839,
0.030933082103729248,
0.026445169001817703,
-0.23443841934204102,
-0.19417306780815125,
0.26259148120880127,
0.24271515011787415,
-0.03863424062728882,
-0.5465877056121826,
0.880881130695343,
-0.22459834814071655,
-0.5018484592437744,
-0.08604268729686737,
-0.16798631846904755,
0.695281982421875,
-0.6632296442985535,
-0.7863985896110535,
0.08183592557907104,
-0.4195745587348938,
-0.5981776118278503,
-0.3463106155395508,
0.17475035786628723,
0.37016648054122925,
0.507583737373352,
0.46695476770401,
-0.24428804218769073,
-0.24848154187202454,
1.0758092403411865,
-1.2304362058639526,
-0.16212734580039978,
0.31001147627830505,
-0.404161661863327,
-0.4748033881187439,
0.9087408781051636,
0.3162696063518524,
-0.5766587853431702,
0.3055645823478699,
0.4640499949455261,
-0.7375392913818359,
0.03028722107410431,
0.3754986524581909,
-0.5688421130180359,
-0.04791560769081116,
0.06610187143087387,
-0.1897696554660797,
-0.073733851313591,
0.24769710004329681,
-0.639331579208374,
-0.4165825843811035,
-0.11208780109882355,
-0.1054840236902237,
-0.013982698321342468,
0.2541597783565521,
0.3485434651374817,
-0.47086626291275024,
-0.4019518494606018,
1.1047075986862183,
-0.05940336734056473,
0.9711391925811768,
0.47136610746383667,
0.015157759189605713,
-0.2936638593673706,
0.1564035713672638,
0.6447194218635559,
-0.874737024307251,
0.3495634198188782,
0.45974427461624146,
-0.6002779006958008,
0.5427541732788086,
0.2111951857805252,
-0.669345498085022,
-0.19551166892051697,
-0.6796068549156189,
-1.3823120594024658,
-0.21521182358264923,
0.14898930490016937,
0.9115971922874451,
0.06808684766292572,
0.5836564898490906,
0.2538091838359833,
0.6276955604553223,
0.3089861571788788,
0.11611784994602203,
0.505176842212677,
0.0715329572558403,
-0.326434463262558,
-0.605742335319519,
0.5602293610572815,
0.04989394545555115,
0.7129946947097778,
-0.18655355274677277,
-0.05250228941440582,
-1.0818885564804077,
-0.7058613896369934,
0.34199655055999756,
0.06110560894012451,
0.21606764197349548,
-0.7693171501159668,
-1.2965219020843506,
-0.17809993028640747,
-0.7028192281723022,
0.4086363911628723,
-0.33134251832962036,
-0.23898667097091675,
-0.061037659645080566,
-0.6965896487236023,
-0.11610746383666992,
-1.5714097023010254,
-0.5661510229110718,
-1.161751627922058,
0.7774648666381836,
-0.5902912616729736,
0.06592509150505066,
0.6212816834449768,
-1.2755342721939087,
0.691511332988739,
-0.04597851634025574,
-0.09418195486068726,
-0.4565082788467407,
-0.8679548501968384,
-0.9861248135566711,
-0.3681797683238983,
-1.0729297399520874,
-0.37830623984336853,
1.5074431896209717,
0.15443824231624603,
0.0723550021648407,
-0.1600888967514038,
0.5953127145767212,
0.4350546598434448,
0.461244136095047,
1.0138487815856934,
0.10639551281929016,
-0.6789309978485107,
0.3112248182296753,
0.6657516956329346,
0.4085874557495117,
-0.057238973677158356,
0.5888161659240723,
-0.07815408706665039,
0.6644938588142395,
0.24042537808418274,
1.1414114236831665,
-0.6146062016487122,
-0.36131006479263306,
-0.34593987464904785,
-0.05797053873538971,
-0.5419421195983887,
-0.024476468563079834,
-0.4355951249599457,
0.2751888930797577,
0.6737273931503296,
0.012632802128791809,
-0.8376237750053406,
0.22788682579994202,
0.7005026936531067,
0.0024039745330810547,
1.4244678020477295,
-0.2509691119194031,
-0.4088362157344818,
-0.9025270938873291,
0.004606962203979492,
0.6898475885391235,
-0.2509719729423523,
2.569277048110962,
0.41636836528778076,
-0.14914461970329285,
0.052944116294384,
0.48832204937934875,
0.690333902835846,
-0.17939184606075287,
0.44442495703697205,
-0.22764013707637787,
-0.3262447416782379,
-0.10878303647041321,
-0.7562519311904907,
0.1956566870212555,
0.16598838567733765,
-1.4122930765151978,
-1.074495553970337,
0.5761039853096008,
0.2558829188346863,
-0.650273859500885,
-0.46402961015701294,
-0.2109486609697342,
-0.2314208596944809,
-0.7806525230407715,
-0.8387590646743774,
1.2791403532028198,
0.6944713592529297,
-0.7325277328491211,
1.0777877569198608,
0.10779429972171783,
-1.0288000106811523,
0.48162224888801575,
-0.24092157185077667,
0.13648559153079987,
-0.09257286787033081,
-0.9863313436508179,
-1.0238287448883057,
0.6428683996200562,
-0.6122685670852661,
-0.38804709911346436,
0.6714153289794922,
0.05275057256221771,
-0.2302631139755249,
-0.622771143913269,
-1.0883911848068237,
-0.4457548260688782,
0.49476271867752075,
0.2316456139087677,
-0.5596227645874023,
0.33596324920654297,
0.4199696183204651,
0.7300740480422974,
0.8800973296165466,
0.6952637434005737,
-0.07613027095794678,
-1.0659842491149902,
0.16230721771717072,
0.03217318654060364,
0.45357614755630493,
-0.21178382635116577,
0.06425337493419647,
-0.23749235272407532,
0.18398022651672363,
0.4654778242111206,
-0.549355149269104,
0.02175489068031311,
-0.5423184633255005,
-0.36986243724823,
1.3949390649795532,
0.9783585667610168,
-1.0277271270751953,
-0.27158254384994507,
-0.7805608510971069,
0.06596380472183228,
-0.42061281204223633,
0.10764408111572266,
0.3565310537815094,
-0.21105223894119263,
-0.11637288331985474,
0.14261290431022644,
0.6426621079444885,
0.08450132608413696,
-1.3626306056976318,
-0.0661630630493164,
-0.3368263244628906,
0.7305526733398438,
0.9135798215866089,
0.4115610420703888,
0.934666633605957,
-0.3836703896522522,
0.4968782663345337,
0.1343485563993454,
0.3159237504005432,
-0.5871829986572266,
-0.2724768817424774,
0.2001681625843048,
0.0656001940369606,
1.2136943340301514,
-0.9542735815048218,
-0.16432154178619385,
-0.01697242259979248,
-0.40213102102279663,
-0.004577653482556343,
-0.13877327740192413,
0.31481754779815674,
0.30496490001678467,
0.2973496913909912,
-0.7034801840782166,
0.06711956858634949,
-0.7116466164588928,
-1.151209831237793,
0.7925121188163757,
-0.25728896260261536,
-0.06954476237297058,
-0.3525957465171814,
-0.07410947233438492,
1.5002610683441162,
0.17922750115394592
] |
how to calculate the volume or area of a sphere using basic math? (no calculus) | hello, reddit (non english speaker here, so, forgive my typos) as a physics teacher, i enjoy to deduce every math formula that can be used in high school using the simplest math available, but i've been stuck in a math problem for a few weeks. i can prove that the volume of a sphere can be calculated based on its surface area (just imagine infinite pyramids with bases on the sphere's surface and vertices pointing to the center) and vice-versa (volume < > area relation). that's just high school math, but i can't find a way to prove that the volume or area of a sphere is 4(pi)r³/3 and 4(pi)r², respectively, using only high school math (no integral calculus). does anyone know any way to prove the sphere area/volume formula using basic maths? thanks!! | one way doesn't require calculus per se, but the idea that two solids with equal cross-sectional areas have equal volumes. if this counts as "basic" then the trick is to consider a hemisphere and an "inscribed" cone - one with the same radius and with height equal to the radius. you can show that, for any given height, the cross-sectional area of the hemisphere added to the cross-sectional area of the (upside-down) cone is equal to the cross-sectional area of a cylinder of the same radius. if you know the volume of a pyramid, you know the volume of a cone, and thus can deduce the volume of a hemisphere. | 9 | [] | [] | [] | [
0.1657392680644989,
0.4607216715812683,
-0.31096407771110535,
-0.7757443189620972,
-1.7474141120910645,
-1.7279763221740723,
0.5300259590148926,
0.5767796039581299,
0.7620575428009033,
-0.3187382221221924,
0.6989754438400269,
-1.0641981363296509,
1.0916731357574463,
0.4901147484779358,
0.48481473326683044,
-0.573086142539978,
-1.0332257747650146,
0.8603371381759644,
-1.5898945331573486,
-0.6910957098007202,
2.379398822784424,
0.8234331011772156,
-0.9702608585357666,
0.02159099280834198,
0.23594892024993896,
-0.09566260874271393,
0.9732846021652222,
0.025553911924362183,
0.10971727222204208,
-0.8844468593597412,
0.07703221589326859,
1.179918646812439,
-0.6477135419845581,
-0.16678686439990997,
-0.09694096446037292,
-0.8396627902984619,
0.604188084602356,
-0.24078011512756348,
-0.06087106466293335,
1.2880380153656006,
-0.3855414390563965,
0.2894946038722992,
1.8408509492874146,
0.8251112699508667,
0.9385477304458618,
0.7847051024436951,
-0.4979362487792969,
0.7409267425537109,
-0.11261574178934097,
-0.21740949153900146,
1.5601561069488525,
-0.7269339561462402,
-0.44924336671829224,
0.6991927623748779,
-0.5833489298820496,
1.2502093315124512,
0.4223499000072479,
-1.05561101436615,
-0.2092995047569275,
0.4384702146053314,
0.5445216298103333,
0.28504836559295654,
0.31409791111946106,
1.1907905340194702,
0.8912878036499023,
0.13127994537353516,
-0.9045384526252747,
-0.8322016000747681,
-1.8707115650177002,
1.728590965270996,
0.20096738636493683,
-0.03566336631774902,
0.19483280181884766,
-0.7052386999130249,
1.8761478662490845,
-0.31331127882003784,
-0.7266952991485596,
1.7814141511917114,
0.23624777793884277,
-0.2947991192340851,
-0.23731060326099396,
1.9815438985824585,
-0.3147003948688507,
0.5186817049980164,
0.5876972675323486,
0.21438997983932495,
-0.6757820844650269,
1.1229918003082275,
-0.18031567335128784,
-0.516331136226654,
0.4289592504501343,
-0.017954032868146896,
-1.8735134601593018,
0.4819762110710144,
-0.3677387237548828,
0.2075098305940628,
0.04970449209213257,
-2.343688488006592,
1.4957406520843506,
0.0822807252407074,
-2.0613088607788086,
0.06873326003551483,
-0.8514232635498047,
0.8604394793510437,
-0.5852324962615967,
-0.19844524562358856,
0.5131209492683411,
0.4502257704734802,
0.467048704624176,
1.2287322282791138,
0.8572223782539368,
-0.9661587476730347,
1.3697233200073242,
0.35553714632987976,
0.21968546509742737,
-2.161342144012451,
1.5355943441390991,
0.32060152292251587,
0.40400955080986023,
-1.9928257465362549,
-1.4622783660888672,
-0.9426435828208923,
-0.7950632572174072,
0.09800919890403748,
1.3054122924804688,
-0.5586782693862915,
0.6547896265983582,
0.5144678950309753,
0.16732977330684662,
0.377564400434494,
1.4097424745559692,
-0.17613662779331207,
0.7592759132385254,
-0.13302379846572876,
-0.05957438051700592,
-0.6278219223022461,
1.1730279922485352,
0.862835168838501,
-1.6565115451812744,
3.1476449966430664,
0.6147792339324951,
0.7013555765151978,
0.02438804879784584,
-0.9054096937179565,
1.3746970891952515,
1.6655913591384888,
-2.087632894515991,
-0.5941624641418457,
0.34600186347961426,
-0.42544451355934143,
0.16620908677577972,
-0.7094985246658325,
0.5098650455474854,
-0.3214007318019867,
-0.8530946969985962,
-0.46769431233406067,
-0.9597716331481934,
0.5197386741638184,
-0.13948963582515717,
0.23356977105140686,
-1.1056029796600342,
1.1450228691101074,
-0.1460062861442566,
0.5365853309631348,
0.7716007828712463,
0.715107798576355,
-0.41837334632873535,
-0.8912063837051392,
0.23219649493694305,
-0.20033866167068481,
1.963552474975586,
0.05377086251974106,
-0.652711033821106,
1.4838659763336182,
0.5804031491279602,
-0.9958292245864868,
-0.9987928867340088,
-0.3310014009475708,
0.11857648193836212,
0.27084213495254517,
-0.6681150197982788,
-1.1417948007583618,
2.595675468444824,
-0.17103245854377747,
-0.22167657315731049,
0.5659401416778564,
1.1562262773513794,
0.6170923113822937,
-0.18216127157211304,
1.0106196403503418,
0.63597571849823,
-0.5373517274856567,
-0.884763240814209,
0.24878919124603271,
-1.3249166011810303,
-0.8598328828811646,
0.98348069190979,
-1.730623483657837,
0.5808055996894836,
0.013214698061347008,
1.1261063814163208,
0.43834418058395386,
-0.09639409184455872,
-0.4804263710975647,
-0.4770534932613373,
-0.6404761075973511,
1.3436107635498047,
-1.3054293394088745,
-2.183907985687256,
0.6502192616462708,
-0.04033055901527405,
-2.138927459716797,
-0.2606649696826935,
-0.2400054633617401,
0.9487717151641846,
0.7042871117591858,
-0.0303603857755661,
-0.5625476837158203,
-2.1595723628997803,
-0.09430699795484543,
-0.3425590693950653,
0.035275042057037354,
0.48368075489997864,
-1.476643681526184,
-1.3983240127563477,
-0.35898032784461975,
-0.5446292161941528,
-0.9146416783332825,
-0.6646859645843506,
0.1894935518503189,
1.2862579822540283,
0.6282990574836731,
-0.011858969926834106,
0.1733243316411972,
-0.38597118854522705,
0.5714542865753174,
-0.5129329562187195,
0.9721319675445557,
0.7531151175498962,
-0.5173759460449219,
-0.4890102744102478,
-0.8944122791290283,
-0.9123218059539795,
1.1105314493179321,
-0.10089080035686493,
-1.6281157732009888,
-0.8354483842849731,
0.1214224174618721,
-0.25035548210144043,
1.806904911994934,
-1.6275115013122559,
-1.2276575565338135,
-0.737326979637146,
-0.11702308803796768,
-1.7446250915527344,
-0.6802919507026672,
1.2066200971603394,
-0.2699243426322937,
-1.2899296283721924,
-0.6372034549713135,
0.6188288927078247,
-1.0457756519317627,
-0.7855508327484131,
-0.42924049496650696,
-0.006730668246746063,
0.5507086515426636,
1.5246392488479614,
0.22865250706672668,
-0.0234883613884449,
-0.41830024123191833,
0.27629852294921875,
-0.20528876781463623,
-1.061021327972412,
-0.5619222521781921,
-0.5125598907470703,
-0.9448040127754211,
-0.013913586735725403,
0.029103249311447144,
0.272932767868042,
-0.5503153800964355,
-1.386863112449646,
-0.9017209410667419,
0.5408021211624146,
-0.8302977085113525,
0.3148782253265381,
-1.6101419925689697,
0.6571047902107239,
0.6293289661407471,
0.9912474155426025,
0.07303890585899353,
1.2216682434082031,
-0.14527910947799683,
-0.21312670409679413,
1.4061291217803955,
0.6372037529945374,
1.130508542060852,
1.033790111541748,
-0.8607372641563416,
1.7555463314056396,
-0.4540378451347351,
1.7488961219787598,
0.6689068675041199,
-1.0722076892852783,
0.02888786792755127,
-2.210188150405884,
0.8964340686798096,
0.19154883921146393,
1.4287655353546143,
1.8636035919189453,
-0.8211339116096497,
-0.39641425013542175,
-1.9563499689102173,
0.2197677046060562,
2.131136417388916,
-0.06371919810771942,
1.4270071983337402,
-0.3895726203918457,
0.12463627755641937,
1.802228569984436,
0.311656653881073,
-0.47050100564956665,
-0.7547701597213745,
-0.7049565315246582,
-1.223182201385498,
-0.7552582025527954,
-1.2883315086364746,
0.638908863067627,
-0.41986051201820374,
-0.8611037731170654,
-0.22674530744552612,
-0.43621665239334106,
0.7364013195037842,
-0.1704355776309967,
-0.2368723303079605,
0.9705668091773987,
0.030931472778320312,
0.3863038420677185,
-0.3488137125968933,
-1.0641385316848755,
1.313339352607727,
-1.1961778402328491,
0.3975314199924469,
0.7572742104530334,
-0.45816856622695923,
0.6667176485061646,
0.5541521906852722,
-0.21983283758163452,
-0.23242565989494324,
-0.5196383595466614,
-0.6708046197891235,
-0.698598325252533,
0.9626761674880981,
0.09432108700275421,
-0.03955639898777008,
1.491878867149353,
-0.6466493606567383,
-1.0910923480987549,
0.6628187298774719,
-0.10423129796981812,
-0.37354379892349243,
-0.7722960114479065,
-0.8950138092041016,
0.6121736764907837,
1.0410878658294678,
1.936116337776184,
1.7283340692520142,
-0.8288541436195374,
1.0580309629440308,
-0.33061739802360535,
0.2095220685005188,
-0.7572739124298096,
1.6599035263061523,
0.5260544419288635,
-0.6220197677612305,
-0.7240414023399353,
-0.05075988173484802,
0.042167358100414276,
-0.029272302985191345,
-1.2880349159240723,
0.4988294839859009,
-0.3096148669719696,
0.7977902889251709,
-0.19288262724876404,
-0.33507055044174194
] |
how does a surfactant break down the surface tension so fast? | if i put a blob of something (say dye) in very still water it takes ages to diffuse (a couple of cm per hour). however a drop of detergent will rapidly break the surface tension (e.g. when cleaning an oily plate) seemingly travelling across the surface of the water at a few cm per second. whats the difference? edit: thanks for the replies. thinking about it i think "just like that" was right when he said the surfactant on the surface is not a random process like diffusion but driven by energetics, hence faster. | surface tension is a product of intramolecular forces. i explain it like this to my students: when you imagine a cup of water, a molecule in the middle of the body of water will be surrounded by molecules that all exert forces on this particular molecule, giving you a net force of zero. however, a molecule at the surface won't experience the same equilibrium of forces, there will be a net force driving the surface molecules "inwards". without external forces such as gravity, the water will form a sphere because of this. the water/air surface can be described as hydrophobic (as water "likes" to be surrounded by other water, while hydrophobic molecules don't "like" interacting with water). organic molecules and detergents accumulate at the surface because they are hydrophobic themselves or have hydrophobic parts in case of the detergents. the surface concentration of these substances will be higher than the bulk concentration. now, when i understand your question correctly, you observe a difference in diffusion speed between a dye in a glass of water and a drop of detergent on the surface of water, is that correct? unfortunately, i never measured diffusion speed in these cases, so i cannot confirm your observation. however, the accumulation of detergent is not just driven by diffusion, but also by the effects that lead to the accumulation at the surface, which would result in an overall faster speed of distribution in water. to really get to the bottom of this, i would like to see a comparison of a hydrophobic dye with a similar effect on the surface tension as the detergent you use (abs. etoh is comparable, so finding a dye should not be too difficult). comparing something hydrophilic to a detergent is problematic. source: i supervise student experiments on the effects of different substances on the surface tension. | 3 | [] | [] | [] | [
-3.179245710372925,
-2.1905345916748047,
3.4042584896087646,
1.1876633167266846,
4.5258684158325195,
-2.6262900829315186,
4.166916370391846,
4.257039546966553,
0.05435076355934143,
0.30811890959739685,
1.3957509994506836,
0.39055609703063965,
2.4289047718048096,
3.939073324203491,
-0.11806603521108627,
-0.818553626537323,
-3.2892868518829346,
1.4207006692886353,
-5.558431625366211,
3.9943764209747314,
2.811020851135254,
0.8834666013717651,
-1.440399408340454,
-1.4042949676513672,
-3.9520556926727295,
2.1099636554718018,
0.47095444798469543,
-1.1349356174468994,
-0.04678511619567871,
-0.4922184348106384,
-2.498699188232422,
1.0289748907089233,
-2.0813679695129395,
-0.4207136929035187,
1.5415195226669312,
-2.981062412261963,
-0.05777658522129059,
-0.9222288131713867,
-1.370084524154663,
0.16668367385864258,
-1.1904962062835693,
-2.191326379776001,
-1.536173939704895,
3.0810015201568604,
-0.14938810467720032,
1.8173218965530396,
3.2841603755950928,
-0.28869378566741943,
-0.9103225469589233,
-2.5484888553619385,
-0.5872244834899902,
-0.5838221907615662,
-1.3178468942642212,
-1.078131914138794,
-4.565796852111816,
-0.03475460410118103,
-0.5712664127349854,
-2.3687214851379395,
-1.7105841636657715,
-1.3272666931152344,
1.145439624786377,
-0.06166805326938629,
-2.3434245586395264,
2.716097831726074,
9.024493217468262,
0.08799628913402557,
2.4251935482025146,
1.4396960735321045,
-3.0924015045166016,
3.837909698486328,
1.0485286712646484,
3.2855517864227295,
-1.10099196434021,
-2.4882469177246094,
3.757347583770752,
-4.563455581665039,
-0.048497408628463745,
2.698859691619873,
-0.7873930931091309,
2.546593189239502,
1.5244231224060059,
0.39406025409698486,
-2.417656421661377,
2.5888125896453857,
-6.535768508911133,
2.4376285076141357,
1.5088891983032227,
1.9525830745697021,
1.2877657413482666,
0.14536647498607635,
-3.597172498703003,
0.7526407241821289,
-2.793532609939575,
0.2582892179489136,
2.388308048248291,
3.489217519760132,
-1.883596658706665,
-4.550412654876709,
4.402402400970459,
-2.8528194427490234,
-1.2976237535476685,
1.1134741306304932,
-5.914664268493652,
-1.1045829057693481,
-1.9999445676803589,
-0.6878928542137146,
1.4683051109313965,
1.8612995147705078,
2.043443202972412,
5.600949287414551,
-1.1760263442993164,
-0.13337470591068268,
1.647101640701294,
-1.770909309387207,
-2.5073680877685547,
-2.9474833011627197,
1.9717237949371338,
-1.429254174232483,
-2.717244863510132,
-3.1447463035583496,
-4.837632179260254,
-1.9538167715072632,
-2.1019463539123535,
-1.3383764028549194,
2.783867835998535,
-0.22869160771369934,
0.27497509121894836,
2.375854015350342,
-0.013009190559387207,
-1.7017724514007568,
4.146932125091553,
-3.585580587387085,
-0.46479177474975586,
0.08263836055994034,
-1.2618653774261475,
0.17178335785865784,
2.5333290100097656,
-0.21845275163650513,
-6.617413520812988,
5.203716278076172,
-2.6612255573272705,
2.6576313972473145,
-1.3550817966461182,
-3.9484684467315674,
1.8344101905822754,
2.243548631668091,
-2.083155870437622,
-2.0884287357330322,
-1.468963384628296,
-1.4933234453201294,
-2.7620675563812256,
-3.095392942428589,
-0.3510749340057373,
-2.3676836490631104,
-1.7274105548858643,
-0.06251177191734314,
3.0500295162200928,
0.6158080697059631,
1.4410954713821411,
3.7873029708862305,
-5.937058925628662,
3.470412254333496,
-1.552512764930725,
4.496131896972656,
-2.506167411804199,
2.326871395111084,
1.0885409116744995,
-2.304736852645874,
0.30001184344291687,
1.6709750890731812,
3.210106611251831,
0.8070530891418457,
1.436928391456604,
-1.642026662826538,
-3.5263936519622803,
-0.008175671100616455,
-7.138619899749756,
-2.4286975860595703,
1.3853282928466797,
2.846195936203003,
-0.25827673077583313,
1.4492230415344238,
2.1883842945098877,
0.9017837643623352,
1.4650599956512451,
-0.672520637512207,
-2.8327009677886963,
-0.7744184136390686,
-5.988615989685059,
3.541360378265381,
-1.013161063194275,
-1.3927602767944336,
2.8896875381469727,
4.6193647384643555,
-3.3831334114074707,
3.6098382472991943,
0.4186345636844635,
-2.501275062561035,
-3.8458690643310547,
-0.35134369134902954,
3.127469539642334,
2.817603826522827,
-3.0947012901306152,
-0.7080671191215515,
0.4687656760215759,
-1.1696900129318237,
5.531400203704834,
-1.0969164371490479,
-4.969812870025635,
-0.6010991334915161,
-2.059563159942627,
-5.904196739196777,
-5.901674747467041,
-1.2514287233352661,
-1.7896963357925415,
1.765135645866394,
0.5048694610595703,
-2.013829231262207,
1.590771198272705,
-2.307913303375244,
1.9282681941986084,
-0.6100936532020569,
-0.3712517321109772,
-3.1464171409606934,
0.5038864612579346,
-3.0473716259002686,
-2.5119621753692627,
2.7331392765045166,
-1.1865301132202148,
2.4251627922058105,
-1.1345760822296143,
2.639746904373169,
-1.4229953289031982,
2.3991475105285645,
1.7342305183410645,
0.3640683889389038,
-2.32515549659729,
2.5950710773468018,
-2.232909679412842,
-0.7335137128829956,
0.9797907471656799,
2.8793675899505615,
2.8306069374084473,
1.1540744304656982,
-1.2493294477462769,
1.7664074897766113,
3.3377299308776855,
3.2534890174865723,
-2.7080976963043213,
0.34864091873168945,
-2.4396812915802,
-4.114961624145508,
-1.3450809717178345,
3.6642627716064453,
2.472059726715088,
1.3576792478561401,
-0.7874258160591125,
-3.9261398315429688,
-3.2565743923187256,
0.029062435030937195,
0.04826679825782776,
-0.7455558180809021,
-1.5402398109436035,
-4.056441783905029,
-0.7973846793174744,
-2.2554469108581543,
3.06156587600708,
0.9707552194595337,
0.9758538603782654,
0.3661339282989502,
3.2203824520111084,
-7.049921989440918,
-0.7123486399650574,
-1.1633579730987549,
2.927422523498535,
-1.5411765575408936,
-1.5826525688171387,
-2.48628568649292,
2.509638786315918,
3.144139289855957,
-0.3556140065193176,
-4.969730377197266,
0.680933952331543,
1.3576617240905762,
2.992065668106079,
0.18094274401664734,
-1.003520131111145,
-2.837679624557495,
0.0038223564624786377,
0.041547391563653946,
-0.890882134437561,
4.958766937255859,
5.456391334533691,
-1.6574130058288574,
5.323573589324951,
3.9048988819122314,
4.262446880340576,
1.9626260995864868,
1.834632158279419,
-3.1905133724212646,
1.0108120441436768,
-0.673736572265625,
-4.678225517272949,
-1.6573894023895264,
-2.2990779876708984,
3.880871295928955,
-1.2337411642074585,
1.8185096979141235,
-0.33198487758636475,
-5.551300525665283,
-0.9879807829856873,
-5.228391170501709,
0.7585340738296509,
0.13088323175907135,
-0.9466019868850708,
-0.6944935321807861,
1.5216169357299805,
5.387530326843262,
2.5312139987945557,
1.56903076171875,
4.663787364959717,
-1.229345440864563,
4.050562381744385,
-1.625866413116455,
-0.6971269845962524,
2.6198978424072266,
0.09470050036907196,
0.06325574219226837,
-0.03761222958564758,
-1.1434597969055176,
-1.3640854358673096,
0.849844217300415,
2.3799335956573486,
1.5138942003250122,
3.0646088123321533,
4.196128845214844,
-0.8715755939483643,
-3.058682918548584,
-2.5617623329162598,
-0.22920693457126617,
0.31834277510643005,
1.2206791639328003,
1.5293481349945068,
1.589766502380371,
3.325782537460327,
0.7130467295646667,
0.5228894948959351,
-1.9490212202072144,
-3.3293182849884033,
0.6058940887451172,
0.9477351903915405,
4.18809700012207,
-2.419182300567627,
2.472649335861206,
1.8919472694396973,
0.807478129863739,
-0.7819452881813049,
-3.2554585933685303,
-2.8959009647369385,
-0.1123686134815216,
-3.2849793434143066,
0.49354857206344604,
-0.6782807111740112,
4.235921859741211,
2.6371853351593018,
5.031620502471924,
-2.64198637008667,
4.963564872741699,
-1.8455339670181274,
2.9732062816619873,
1.41850745677948,
4.2798638343811035,
2.6022675037384033,
1.596380352973938,
1.0833821296691895,
0.47096601128578186,
-3.3654963970184326,
0.7036089897155762,
-1.7170162200927734,
0.26387181878089905,
-2.6364312171936035,
2.755237340927124,
5.802601337432861,
0.25567638874053955
] |
why does a cell undergoing anaphase during mitosis resemble a magnetic field pattern? | in undergrad i noticed that spindle fibers, chromosomes, and centrioles are arranged in such a way between two dividing cells during anaphase of mitosis (_url_1_) that it is highly reminiscent of a magnetic field (_url_0_). i wanted to do my bme research capstone project on this by trying to quantify the magnetic properties of a dividing cell using an atomic force microscope or something, but my bme capstone advisors seemed to think my hypothesis was way too big of a jump for me to make and that there are way too many other factors/forces involved in cell division for it to be related to magnetism. they also they said that any magnetism exhibited in the cells would be far outweighed by the earth's magnetic field anyway. i ended up having to switch gears in my research project to tackle a question that was more manageable during a 4 month period and never got to answering this question for myself but i really, really want to talk about it. do magnetic fields (or electric fields for that matter) play a role in the movement of cell parts during cell division? if not, is it just a coincidence that they exhibit such high similarity? i'd like to think my undergraduate self wasn't being *completely* idiotic! | what you're seeing is the typical pattern of a dipole field. you'll always see that kind of patterns in a fluid or a field where you have a sources and a sink. for example, the electric field lines between a positively charged sphere and a negatively charged sphere will look the same, as will the flow lines of a liquid in an aquarium with one pump and one drain. there's probably nothing more to the pattern than the simple fact that stuff is being pulled from one side to the other. | 2 | [] | [
"http://www.antenna-theory.com/definitions/hfield.php",
"http://www.macroevolution.net/anaphase.html"
] | [] | [
-0.5493140816688538,
-0.8686427474021912,
0.5863893032073975,
-0.7146703004837036,
-0.018007144331932068,
-1.5398674011230469,
1.1831594705581665,
-0.538297176361084,
1.0490435361862183,
-0.2115544080734253,
0.5026161670684814,
0.054090142250061035,
0.1301669329404831,
0.2717798352241516,
0.3053858280181885,
-1.1096320152282715,
-0.5723872780799866,
0.07336395978927612,
-1.353438377380371,
0.6987783312797546,
0.7645224928855896,
0.12586212158203125,
-1.6197806596755981,
0.025968655943870544,
-1.3963429927825928,
1.1800872087478638,
-0.37630170583724976,
0.16340264678001404,
-0.24749532341957092,
-1.2096573114395142,
0.17006908357143402,
1.159243106842041,
-1.0278794765472412,
-0.1207880899310112,
-0.7498005628585815,
0.49400997161865234,
-0.8274523019790649,
0.4969477653503418,
-0.42152631282806396,
0.1440623700618744,
0.18039029836654663,
-0.8348541855812073,
0.316106379032135,
0.05825285613536835,
0.2906958758831024,
0.46979933977127075,
0.9203301072120667,
-0.006078727543354034,
0.7619483470916748,
-1.3852580785751343,
-0.55892014503479,
0.2363051176071167,
-0.021767765283584595,
-0.15661212801933289,
-0.6369150876998901,
-0.05652695894241333,
1.0073330402374268,
-0.9280865788459778,
-0.3061578571796417,
-0.272075891494751,
-0.13058987259864807,
0.03582363575696945,
-0.2050924301147461,
0.9061351418495178,
0.4986908733844757,
-0.9095542430877686,
0.407300740480423,
1.1330432891845703,
-0.25176185369491577,
0.3496446907520294,
-0.04327428340911865,
0.24928000569343567,
-0.3762447237968445,
-0.8576894402503967,
0.18797141313552856,
0.32623815536499023,
-0.40562841296195984,
-0.2815191447734833,
0.21805112063884735,
-0.11464808881282806,
0.016097187995910645,
-1.0607805252075195,
-0.8140424489974976,
0.48612329363822937,
-0.6767513751983643,
1.0803263187408447,
0.3896501660346985,
0.11077544838190079,
-0.4568058252334595,
-0.20940357446670532,
-0.027337506413459778,
-0.02711281180381775,
-0.3193250596523285,
-0.4054677188396454,
0.4010722041130066,
1.4908058643341064,
0.10015306621789932,
-1.1044503450393677,
1.1718589067459106,
0.3334186375141144,
-0.5677495002746582,
0.4675242006778717,
0.08806847035884857,
0.5128927826881409,
1.0331401824951172,
-1.1396394968032837,
0.1766553819179535,
0.5973325371742249,
1.0641857385635376,
-0.7452225685119629,
-0.7897942662239075,
-0.22482147812843323,
0.49132949113845825,
-0.880258321762085,
-0.6235640645027161,
-1.4737260341644287,
-0.12861117720603943,
-0.5547330975532532,
-0.5730543732643127,
-0.24410392343997955,
-0.16274787485599518,
-0.4253482520580292,
-0.3592139482498169,
0.518997311592102,
0.8129053711891174,
0.5602081418037415,
-0.04416738450527191,
0.5548722743988037,
0.3017577528953552,
-0.08301147818565369,
1.181434154510498,
-0.9049049615859985,
-0.6248272061347961,
0.0772935301065445,
-0.5016059279441833,
0.9350649118423462,
1.8454606533050537,
1.1417732238769531,
-0.6952157616615295,
0.5124579668045044,
0.1886831820011139,
1.3296769857406616,
-0.6067485809326172,
-0.9126302003860474,
-0.3200654983520508,
0.499111533164978,
-0.8524563908576965,
-0.1743333637714386,
-0.18505030870437622,
-0.4322775602340698,
-0.2365395724773407,
-0.4587547779083252,
0.46582692861557007,
-0.11036759614944458,
-0.5826477408409119,
-0.5495468378067017,
-0.5853323936462402,
1.070527195930481,
0.9963201284408569,
0.17614082992076874,
-0.12456388771533966,
1.1535439491271973,
-0.7906785011291504,
0.4597386121749878,
0.13193635642528534,
0.45924466848373413,
-0.16767174005508423,
-1.4839541912078857,
0.1657479703426361,
-0.3248453736305237,
0.4435849189758301,
0.23156090080738068,
0.4247165322303772,
-0.6594849824905396,
-0.8399403691291809,
-0.04845552146434784,
-1.780104637145996,
-0.19671902060508728,
1.0974221229553223,
1.0174754858016968,
0.15028947591781616,
0.32942309975624084,
1.1548482179641724,
1.024881362915039,
0.040204137563705444,
0.3705522119998932,
0.07973811030387878,
0.13646814227104187,
-0.8861398100852966,
1.341957926750183,
-1.824938178062439,
-0.7428678274154663,
0.7212138175964355,
1.8150866031646729,
0.3967931866645813,
0.5681993961334229,
0.16203422844409943,
-0.7098673582077026,
-0.8374579548835754,
0.44862085580825806,
-1.980283260345459,
0.5539640188217163,
0.04508698731660843,
0.5165404677391052,
-0.7284738421440125,
-0.3738499879837036,
1.3702703714370728,
-0.9317513704299927,
-2.2716245651245117,
0.8354763388633728,
-0.1284140646457672,
-0.8766454458236694,
-1.493318796157837,
0.6042170524597168,
1.021162748336792,
0.8251198530197144,
0.08171260356903076,
-0.8723030686378479,
-0.8924745321273804,
0.2238176167011261,
0.34933677315711975,
-0.47687721252441406,
1.5514662265777588,
-1.3844475746154785,
-1.0125517845153809,
0.20291370153427124,
-1.0192657709121704,
0.805496335029602,
0.175220787525177,
0.43389812111854553,
0.7784528732299805,
0.34262388944625854,
0.849165678024292,
1.602051019668579,
-0.3845518231391907,
0.44503679871559143,
-0.5381132960319519,
0.18704333901405334,
0.21469971537590027,
-0.8282490968704224,
-1.0159200429916382,
-0.3398345112800598,
0.10702478140592575,
0.4438248574733734,
-0.8760908842086792,
0.7156142592430115,
1.2627248764038086,
-0.35751616954803467,
-0.7784641981124878,
0.6700072288513184,
-0.5334489941596985,
-0.8056027889251709,
-0.6798945665359497,
0.9583780169487,
-0.5591835379600525,
0.8140140175819397,
-0.22229421138763428,
0.27660539746284485,
-1.1755722761154175,
-0.19737854599952698,
0.557816743850708,
0.4179214835166931,
0.23887059092521667,
-1.0848838090896606,
-0.8897546529769897,
0.48509055376052856,
1.5566455125808716,
1.0683397054672241,
-1.2299952507019043,
0.4458961486816406,
-0.36145076155662537,
-0.3542954623699188,
0.21849431097507477,
-0.2623826861381531,
-0.9821216464042664,
-0.4689406752586365,
-0.8109886646270752,
0.2878250777721405,
0.02942485362291336,
0.14709976315498352,
-0.2718312442302704,
-0.9153976440429688,
-0.10099323093891144,
0.9637320637702942,
0.59433913230896,
-0.41349291801452637,
-0.4360463619232178,
-0.29305484890937805,
1.4928464889526367,
-0.019506700336933136,
-0.08278241008520126,
0.3658880293369293,
0.6499467492103577,
0.2306966632604599,
0.8306410312652588,
0.37943562865257263,
0.25569719076156616,
0.004455462098121643,
0.39685624837875366,
0.5942428708076477,
0.13297416269779205,
-0.368530809879303,
-0.474139928817749,
0.2567594051361084,
-0.5196205377578735,
1.1173160076141357,
0.6344318389892578,
0.8271093368530273,
0.5667362809181213,
-0.816752552986145,
-0.6906071901321411,
-1.1125869750976562,
-0.3123164176940918,
-0.3174658417701721,
-0.5080466270446777,
0.6312490701675415,
-0.2722764015197754,
1.124619960784912,
0.395822137594223,
0.09893205761909485,
0.004312582314014435,
0.044446736574172974,
0.883530855178833,
-0.6918840408325195,
-0.03187119960784912,
-0.5997651219367981,
-0.1752106249332428,
0.3672902584075928,
-0.5258053541183472,
-0.3309006989002228,
-0.7305977940559387,
0.19759908318519592,
-0.14850080013275146,
0.10065409541130066,
1.7000454664230347,
1.0244383811950684,
-0.5767815113067627,
-0.6362360715866089,
-0.8563041090965271,
0.5368598103523254,
-0.28684717416763306,
0.035861462354660034,
0.6185514330863953,
0.2766251862049103,
-0.23380982875823975,
-0.27193334698677063,
0.06907807290554047,
-0.25280165672302246,
-0.3999139368534088,
0.0019403547048568726,
0.4700561761856079,
0.6974790096282959,
0.5633732080459595,
0.9628461599349976,
0.8616642951965332,
0.5846091508865356,
-0.8919987678527832,
-0.17915421724319458,
0.05420728027820587,
-0.3964272141456604,
-0.16167214512825012,
-1.6548657417297363,
-0.07715491950511932,
0.8344933390617371,
0.31281232833862305,
1.407334566116333,
0.38902586698532104,
0.4279473125934601,
-0.4584886431694031,
1.4272129535675049,
0.1132446825504303,
0.56044602394104,
0.6167922019958496,
-0.6252093315124512,
0.683242678642273,
-0.8974007368087769,
-0.4612564146518707,
0.10067599266767502,
-0.11919446289539337,
-0.39817583560943604,
-0.8989149332046509,
1.5266261100769043,
1.5889735221862793,
-0.04503026604652405
] |
is advertising effective on people with disorders such as aspergers? | depends upon which advertising strategy they're using, the severity of the specific deficits of the person, and what method was used (internet banner ad, mail, tv commercial, etc.). what specifically did you have in mind? we might be able to link it to a cognitive strength/weakness and help explain why it might or might not work. | 8 | [] | [] | [] | [
-0.9068659543991089,
0.31443262100219727,
0.09915438294410706,
-1.0911167860031128,
0.19408482313156128,
-0.05954188108444214,
0.4878804683685303,
0.5813884139060974,
-0.16339252889156342,
0.0035548130981624126,
0.38226839900016785,
1.159902811050415,
0.3023311197757721,
-0.09174229204654694,
1.2983379364013672,
0.38902944326400757,
0.3938538432121277,
0.4511340856552124,
-1.1707067489624023,
0.7939295172691345,
0.20377591252326965,
-0.45539501309394836,
0.22649303078651428,
0.12289191037416458,
-0.3662726879119873,
-0.3850797414779663,
0.22765269875526428,
0.10914105176925659,
-0.49589893221855164,
-0.1672796607017517,
0.050223201513290405,
-0.03714624047279358,
0.2768259644508362,
-0.013074740767478943,
-0.7956659197807312,
0.2816951274871826,
-0.1487606167793274,
-0.3782331645488739,
-0.2930564284324646,
0.316549152135849,
-0.3952327370643616,
-0.15642479062080383,
-0.16566532850265503,
0.23598378896713257,
-0.04317696392536163,
0.26200926303863525,
0.6424285769462585,
0.46610575914382935,
-0.7705937623977661,
0.21326150000095367,
0.39101481437683105,
-0.4189472198486328,
-0.47228190302848816,
-0.6254077553749084,
-0.42488178610801697,
0.15619546175003052,
-0.30493810772895813,
0.4335828125476837,
-0.22213980555534363,
0.4027865529060364,
0.17955254018306732,
-0.16131992638111115,
-0.8804792165756226,
0.5382784605026245,
1.6913580894470215,
0.07256855070590973,
0.029550909996032715,
-0.5243678689002991,
-0.24142169952392578,
0.8896430730819702,
0.4378429651260376,
-0.33244961500167847,
-1.0692615509033203,
0.2863748073577881,
0.4150736331939697,
0.3377404510974884,
0.0667106956243515,
-0.16237539052963257,
0.6949735879898071,
-0.7147365212440491,
0.5591108798980713,
-0.2213585376739502,
-0.46555328369140625,
0.6609891057014465,
-0.3059679865837097,
0.15393073856830597,
0.5811460018157959,
-0.3694373369216919,
0.3030070662498474,
-0.2977864444255829,
-0.07149811089038849,
0.22698606550693512,
-0.23771023750305176,
-0.17183580994606018,
0.6399667859077454,
-0.35317012667655945,
-0.13041952252388,
-0.6188971996307373,
-0.6546262502670288,
0.672589898109436,
-0.28995782136917114,
0.09875888377428055,
-0.8078761100769043,
-0.7593294382095337,
-0.09919697046279907,
-1.1204484701156616,
0.5225045680999756,
0.03653565049171448,
-0.4048728942871094,
0.7310584783554077,
-0.7673839330673218,
0.21372444927692413,
-0.2144327163696289,
-0.6581085324287415,
-0.15964755415916443,
0.10878528654575348,
-1.0552071332931519,
-0.10288581252098083,
-0.36747050285339355,
-0.2828899323940277,
0.6781526803970337,
-0.5399702787399292,
-0.20433184504508972,
0.6995007395744324,
-0.2456652820110321,
0.40171903371810913,
-0.15626968443393707,
0.5213005542755127,
-0.3448945879936218,
0.3243967294692993,
0.0677022859454155,
0.4847363531589508,
0.06262297928333282,
0.6421488523483276,
-0.35127121210098267,
-0.10050584375858307,
0.10552319884300232,
-0.5198369026184082,
0.3789489269256592,
0.38893213868141174,
0.4556063413619995,
1.5670355558395386,
0.13512039184570312,
0.08800646662712097,
-0.6085176467895508,
0.624920129776001,
0.1428029090166092,
-0.21059134602546692,
-0.3466179072856903,
-0.5022912621498108,
0.5357218384742737,
0.08890698105096817,
-0.008894789963960648,
-0.10516317188739777,
-0.4028385877609253,
0.02664896845817566,
0.06893198192119598,
0.14430192112922668,
0.20837059617042542,
-0.2018185406923294,
-0.0966063141822815,
0.16952621936798096,
0.6132919788360596,
0.552169680595398,
1.1992943286895752,
-0.5338340997695923,
0.031194880604743958,
-0.2972608506679535,
0.1334289014339447,
0.2957044243812561,
0.1313062161207199,
0.2458508312702179,
-0.37510308623313904,
0.2336353212594986,
-0.1907157599925995,
0.09769292175769806,
-0.9847570657730103,
0.2769837975502014,
0.1918843537569046,
0.4104306101799011,
-0.15388968586921692,
-0.4143667221069336,
-0.36821770668029785,
0.376132071018219,
-1.1164973974227905,
-0.5383843183517456,
-0.600928008556366,
-0.7926777005195618,
0.8390503525733948,
0.023571878671646118,
0.1777353584766388,
-0.4700528383255005,
-0.3086800277233124,
0.1424441933631897,
0.2798553705215454,
-0.1600378453731537,
0.2501506507396698,
-0.851662278175354,
-0.23145566880702972,
0.472894549369812,
-0.2465389221906662,
-0.20353414118289948,
-1.1620855331420898,
-0.7110414505004883,
-0.3027023375034332,
0.4683963358402252,
0.5845537185668945,
-0.6528006792068481,
0.1335766762495041,
-0.6779879331588745,
0.1759880781173706,
-0.44630002975463867,
-0.41004815697669983,
0.7050026655197144,
0.665368378162384,
-1.1624000072479248,
-0.9646710753440857,
0.9507946968078613,
-0.08928177505731583,
0.3395811915397644,
-0.33626919984817505,
-0.36939340829849243,
0.6208572387695312,
-1.0813612937927246,
-1.3930764198303223,
0.29935222864151,
-0.27808764576911926,
-0.3516595661640167,
-0.11206136643886566,
0.12490208446979523,
0.07510820776224136,
-0.5263525247573853,
0.6260290145874023,
0.9194555282592773,
-0.8764128684997559,
-1.1027013063430786,
-0.18013150990009308,
0.2065727859735489,
-0.0985516756772995,
-1.2224013805389404,
-0.6156151294708252,
-0.2971440553665161,
-0.4387246072292328,
0.04920470714569092,
0.270077109336853,
0.11359488219022751,
0.02033171057701111,
0.23797059059143066,
0.6568800806999207,
0.19509471952915192,
-1.1348453760147095,
0.13255342841148376,
0.19971707463264465,
0.8363535404205322,
-0.26012110710144043,
0.15436604619026184,
-0.8482760190963745,
0.09082397818565369,
0.07042305171489716,
1.3390483856201172,
0.3669910132884979,
-0.13276393711566925,
-0.18727785348892212,
-1.2588199377059937,
1.1041537523269653,
0.37061941623687744,
0.8018508553504944,
-0.6894570589065552,
0.15170074999332428,
-0.4042215049266815,
-0.26925212144851685,
-0.7071548700332642,
0.8783755898475647,
-0.05090898275375366,
1.376464605331421,
-0.18049077689647675,
0.04609844088554382,
-0.16279543936252594,
-0.900935709476471,
-0.006727054715156555,
0.6476078629493713,
-1.419938564300537,
0.20594707131385803,
0.712629497051239,
-1.0524027347564697,
-0.5627535581588745,
-0.29937946796417236,
-0.9563623070716858,
0.716887891292572,
-0.5688192248344421,
0.12445893883705139,
0.24935640394687653,
0.16631847620010376,
-0.3328483998775482,
0.7562587857246399,
0.6559324860572815,
0.13987211883068085,
-0.4802916347980499,
-0.6233466863632202,
0.1072782576084137,
0.43238815665245056,
0.02557944506406784,
-0.33037418127059937,
-0.12891745567321777,
0.18563342094421387,
-0.18986386060714722,
0.4412768483161926,
0.277206152677536,
0.26380154490470886,
0.2522890567779541,
0.21631768345832825,
0.06363452970981598,
-0.6545604467391968,
0.540691614151001,
-0.1803109049797058,
0.9525442123413086,
-0.23490552604198456,
0.7335662841796875,
-0.21339887380599976,
0.04216683655977249,
0.09363183379173279,
-0.12946432828903198,
0.26959043741226196,
0.04641503840684891,
0.5334166884422302,
0.8738455772399902,
0.009283870458602905,
-0.5751949548721313,
0.11280405521392822,
0.07411398738622665,
-0.39489948749542236,
0.4268791973590851,
0.123165562748909,
0.0577147975564003,
0.16992104053497314,
-0.38588815927505493,
-0.5986070036888123,
0.16735266149044037,
-0.8461573123931885,
0.5688387751579285,
0.7145880460739136,
0.538789689540863,
-0.8397518396377563,
-0.4752572774887085,
-0.25935694575309753,
0.16928231716156006,
0.8614993691444397,
0.8860687017440796,
-0.28793850541114807,
0.6027600765228271,
-0.021300598978996277,
1.4090460538864136,
0.18334199488162994,
-0.43912339210510254,
0.04565264284610748,
0.1006385087966919,
0.3028045892715454,
-0.48145392537117004,
-0.0808245837688446,
0.44789355993270874,
0.32350724935531616,
-0.010295689105987549,
0.2602982521057129,
1.9762213230133057,
0.8614572286605835,
0.4597499668598175,
-0.13826921582221985,
-0.6813493371009827,
-0.009024210274219513,
0.2484230250120163,
0.10227601230144501,
0.13410715758800507,
0.3590531349182129,
0.8244194388389587,
0.20301154255867004,
-0.6341302394866943,
0.1519063413143158,
0.18689176440238953,
-0.08152003586292267,
0.6498264074325562,
-0.22898028790950775,
0.41617393493652344,
0.912297248840332,
0.18723352253437042
] |
|
big cats carrying their young? | how often do big cats accidentally hurt or puncture their little ones when carrying them? i know they are being gentle but those teeth are huge! especially when carrying them up a tree or trotting with them in their mouths? | first off, big cats teeth arent razor sharp. they do come to a point however it is not a fine point and very tip is rounded. secondly, piercing skin has everything to do with force applied. even a medical razor placed upon the skin doesnt magically just cut through without some energy being put in to it. couple these together with the fact that baby big cat skin isnt made of paper and has a layer of fur on it and you find that accidental punctures and whatnot are pretty rare. they can happen, but generally involve some sort of danger presenting itself and startling the mother. this is why people can lay flat on beds on nails. the nail point isnt razor sharp, and there is hundreds of nails to spread out the force generated from your body and gravity | 3 | [] | [] | [] | [
-1.3869394063949585,
0.009409978985786438,
0.41140294075012207,
1.312324047088623,
-1.410843849182129,
-1.7878361940383911,
1.6456316709518433,
0.5192270278930664,
0.4981828033924103,
-0.24336592853069305,
0.8368527293205261,
-0.6014989018440247,
0.16449622809886932,
1.0452187061309814,
0.1323302686214447,
-1.2765365839004517,
-0.8903077840805054,
-0.5284184813499451,
-1.4959673881530762,
1.9548602104187012,
-0.20618055760860443,
0.6235957741737366,
-0.4050810933113098,
-0.3334439694881439,
-1.5813361406326294,
-0.4457358717918396,
-1.3974666595458984,
-0.5574945211410522,
-0.4109363555908203,
-0.7133212089538574,
-1.2572053670883179,
-0.1456281840801239,
-1.1085270643234253,
-0.15156200528144836,
0.8876250982284546,
0.4172898232936859,
-0.4524490535259247,
0.3130277693271637,
-0.3889739215373993,
-1.3715332746505737,
-1.24718177318573,
0.26361173391342163,
0.2640012800693512,
-0.14595860242843628,
2.2066092491149902,
1.8828210830688477,
1.3025121688842773,
-0.4819466471672058,
1.1439507007598877,
-0.13689729571342468,
-0.8145437240600586,
0.4049801230430603,
-0.16422756016254425,
-0.3553208112716675,
-0.703298032283783,
-0.2527086138725281,
0.061609745025634766,
-0.3773449659347534,
-0.6817997694015503,
-0.5086147785186768,
-0.3706667423248291,
0.7588375210762024,
-0.23194581270217896,
1.2386236190795898,
2.5034642219543457,
-0.8983433246612549,
0.8108161687850952,
-1.2362622022628784,
0.16159945726394653,
1.5770734548568726,
1.8099559545516968,
-0.5984774827957153,
-0.2979127764701843,
1.3936442136764526,
1.3017206192016602,
0.32954296469688416,
-0.5521475076675415,
-0.23938316106796265,
-1.5042895078659058,
1.2338382005691528,
-2.3885061740875244,
0.05278629809617996,
1.295992136001587,
1.0950461626052856,
-0.29723790287971497,
2.038052558898926,
1.049325942993164,
-0.41070491075515747,
-1.4082938432693481,
0.7271493673324585,
0.7525585293769836,
0.9771637916564941,
-0.2634374499320984,
0.5633478164672852,
1.1045900583267212,
-0.2823036313056946,
-0.09873321652412415,
0.24512358009815216,
-2.0668163299560547,
0.3514229357242584,
-0.4821622669696808,
-0.3021676242351532,
-1.7438278198242188,
0.7338769435882568,
1.1639631986618042,
0.9618126153945923,
0.30312931537628174,
-0.9658417105674744,
-2.1356124877929688,
0.3989349603652954,
1.3747472763061523,
-0.8197819590568542,
0.023818649351596832,
0.0809781551361084,
-0.44666314125061035,
-0.00647282600402832,
1.0713282823562622,
-1.0089621543884277,
0.08592904359102249,
-0.5178009271621704,
0.2286832630634308,
-0.7437388896942139,
-1.6375857591629028,
-0.27086928486824036,
-0.115414097905159,
-1.4355236291885376,
0.7434585094451904,
1.4444072246551514,
0.8517014980316162,
0.7246309518814087,
0.24153965711593628,
-0.9961087703704834,
-0.19159699976444244,
0.4205966591835022,
-1.3312609195709229,
-0.370768666267395,
-0.000540025532245636,
0.5006483793258667,
-0.2132813036441803,
0.02335803210735321,
1.2635595798492432,
-1.6843500137329102,
0.7031652927398682,
-0.19997258484363556,
1.4320333003997803,
-0.06265270709991455,
-0.93129962682724,
-0.8647846579551697,
-0.6765779256820679,
1.3011764287948608,
-0.4196995496749878,
-0.2998264729976654,
0.23695063591003418,
1.431970477104187,
-1.6646008491516113,
-1.0434459447860718,
-0.2792666554450989,
0.7556164860725403,
-0.17404887080192566,
0.9034348726272583,
0.37305307388305664,
0.8924119472503662,
-1.5326513051986694,
1.9589989185333252,
1.6741185188293457,
-1.126944899559021,
-0.7156176567077637,
-0.2139166295528412,
1.1450295448303223,
-0.8778700232505798,
0.5928019881248474,
0.5481845736503601,
1.4156205654144287,
-0.40478360652923584,
-0.8987435102462769,
0.819676399230957,
-4.78239631652832,
0.02380441501736641,
1.0999274253845215,
1.5442804098129272,
2.258270502090454,
0.5392935872077942,
-1.1084049940109253,
1.0078908205032349,
-0.613109290599823,
-2.0228965282440186,
-0.08868759125471115,
0.02269691228866577,
0.7449297904968262,
-1.1855026483535767,
-0.42408061027526855,
0.4888038635253906,
-0.01570330560207367,
-0.06416060775518417,
-0.6618252992630005,
0.6216138005256653,
-1.2221193313598633,
-0.4167577028274536,
-1.326344609260559,
0.8207244873046875,
-0.15293431282043457,
-1.5399792194366455,
-0.6071444153785706,
-0.8231385946273804,
0.30352532863616943,
-0.4087885618209839,
0.6613368988037109,
-0.23973391950130463,
-0.2063256949186325,
1.5783817768096924,
0.5453332662582397,
-1.956261396408081,
0.31003260612487793,
-0.7678318619728088,
0.5196394920349121,
0.126245379447937,
-1.0880823135375977,
0.22941544651985168,
-0.49220848083496094,
0.11178559064865112,
-0.08289521932601929,
-1.912693738937378,
-0.15850083529949188,
-1.5533337593078613,
1.1595261096954346,
-1.0906705856323242,
0.503028392791748,
2.7298405170440674,
-0.38921159505844116,
0.638277530670166,
-0.638476550579071,
0.14601199328899384,
-0.5833536386489868,
1.6318327188491821,
-0.6248713135719299,
-0.8091073036193848,
-1.2024134397506714,
-0.0649106502532959,
1.4055668115615845,
0.8587121963500977,
0.14420901238918304,
0.3281846046447754,
-0.4530929923057556,
-0.662888765335083,
0.723491907119751,
-0.13165397942066193,
1.423570156097412,
0.8771865963935852,
-1.0974936485290527,
0.6226949095726013,
-0.5689005851745605,
-0.8200674057006836,
-0.36722666025161743,
0.435748428106308,
-1.0658904314041138,
0.07224886119365692,
-0.9163667559623718,
0.8375728726387024,
-0.50430828332901,
0.8200841546058655,
-0.6531285643577576,
-0.3413197696208954,
-0.4699704051017761,
-1.3623595237731934,
0.7223110198974609,
-0.458792507648468,
-0.06847599148750305,
1.8730586767196655,
-1.286448359489441,
-1.4567071199417114,
0.8279248476028442,
0.5901994705200195,
-0.7695430517196655,
-0.1358717679977417,
1.797151803970337,
-0.5125134587287903,
0.5408075451850891,
-0.21962307393550873,
-0.6254077553749084,
-0.1082722395658493,
-0.36679157614707947,
-2.995617628097534,
-1.863383173942566,
2.0871458053588867,
0.6348690390586853,
0.33554041385650635,
-2.198049306869507,
-1.447679877281189,
2.680802345275879,
-0.21455472707748413,
-1.0112606287002563,
0.984209418296814,
-0.1933116614818573,
-0.35111287236213684,
2.063560724258423,
1.268633246421814,
-0.19364401698112488,
-0.6856170892715454,
-0.9811784029006958,
1.5465867519378662,
1.1254017353057861,
-0.9342964291572571,
-2.3286068439483643,
0.015010923147201538,
0.09458667784929276,
-1.0301337242126465,
1.9986748695373535,
1.8491337299346924,
0.7588775157928467,
0.7502130270004272,
-0.1654757410287857,
0.4272174835205078,
-0.7502585649490356,
0.041026484221220016,
-0.8487507104873657,
0.24094955623149872,
0.997895359992981,
0.2654147744178772,
-0.12414765357971191,
1.3586138486862183,
0.12086449563503265,
0.5014600157737732,
-0.42017874121665955,
0.794434666633606,
-1.4648195505142212,
0.819901168346405,
1.1631942987442017,
0.6650500297546387,
-0.34227561950683594,
0.258221298456192,
-1.4004137516021729,
-0.36995288729667664,
-0.06436821073293686,
0.39676326513290405,
1.7232624292373657,
2.18536639213562,
-0.7993136048316956,
-0.5679886341094971,
-1.996431827545166,
-0.9057256579399109,
-1.8916239738464355,
-0.6808692216873169,
1.2645195722579956,
0.8115976452827454,
-1.0179014205932617,
-1.8405137062072754,
-0.011386245489120483,
1.0386111736297607,
-1.1770391464233398,
0.7376495599746704,
0.09413855522871017,
-0.25861018896102905,
1.2507365942001343,
1.4161986112594604,
0.1874362677335739,
-1.6299288272857666,
-0.2596365213394165,
-0.4832518696784973,
0.5392436981201172,
-0.8137284517288208,
-0.6784032583236694,
-1.43441903591156,
0.3327147662639618,
2.5842299461364746,
-2.3714866638183594,
-0.20163509249687195,
0.7124788761138916,
-0.1800786256790161,
-1.2062444686889648,
1.342081069946289,
1.9988396167755127,
1.546514630317688,
-0.5828479528427124,
-0.2232373207807541,
-1.3641870021820068,
-0.07923203706741333,
1.8232221603393555,
1.6826707124710083,
0.0013866797089576721,
2.544127941131592,
0.42027023434638977,
-0.10795276612043381,
2.0165865421295166,
2.1969687938690186
] |
why can't you burp or cry in outer space? | i recently read that people are physically unable to burp or cry when they're in space? is this true? if so, why? | i found this about burping in space from [here](_url_4_): also reported [here](_url_0_) as for crying? it seems you can but the tears just stay in your eyes: from [here](_url_1_), also reported [here](_url_2_), and [here](_url_3_). not very difficult to find this info really, next time use your google-fu! **answer to both - yes you can technically do both but they turn out wierd - you burp out your lunch with the gas and yours tears just stick to your eye.** | 16 | [] | [] | [
"http://einsteinyear.org/facts/physicsFacts/",
"http://jezebel.com/5805748/theres-no-crying-in-outer-space",
"http://space.yesican-science.ca/Blogs/?view=203",
"http://gizmodo.com/5805472/theres-no-crying-in-space-because-tears-just-stay-on-your-eye",
"http://www.orangeville.com/community/life/article/963256--students-speak-to-spaceman",
"http://books.google.com/books?id=MJgN0BWagZcC&pg=PA296&lpg=PA296&dq=packing+for+mars+burping&source=bl&ots=hO8Uu4ohU2&sig=d12DUlVn89ekVATrVQDlK6AffvI&hl=en&ei=fP_cTvfjIILy0gGvj4XZDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=burping&f=false",
"http://gizmodo.com/5805472/theres-no-crying-in-space-because-tears-just-stay-on-your-eye",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_J._Feustel"
] | [
-0.9708383679389954,
-0.35847872495651245,
1.2974333763122559,
1.1949211359024048,
-0.18333302438259125,
-0.9744870662689209,
1.2679414749145508,
0.05570574104785919,
-0.41405463218688965,
-1.0856114625930786,
-0.017287522554397583,
-0.21062712371349335,
0.3082965016365051,
0.80306077003479,
0.4832335114479065,
-0.10368429124355316,
-0.49766749143600464,
-0.6458751559257507,
-1.5419671535491943,
-0.14705374836921692,
0.40180516242980957,
0.35518693923950195,
-0.7781034111976624,
0.34340593218803406,
-0.1782807558774948,
0.6652452945709229,
0.27293795347213745,
0.05648128688335419,
-0.1318066567182541,
1.0720970630645752,
0.2693783938884735,
-0.2783709466457367,
-1.5581653118133545,
-0.529624342918396,
1.0101912021636963,
-0.2179679125547409,
-0.22157402336597443,
0.4682856798171997,
0.7432857751846313,
-0.7697522640228271,
0.03142610192298889,
-1.3022316694259644,
-0.5244276523590088,
0.3225780129432678,
0.6414154171943665,
0.23777519166469574,
0.17106272280216217,
0.5083061456680298,
0.5332331657409668,
0.3879466950893402,
-1.2446726560592651,
0.2542685270309448,
-1.275888442993164,
0.8125472664833069,
-0.24138778448104858,
0.060140982270240784,
-0.5367953777313232,
-0.10447029769420624,
-0.43404608964920044,
0.7284003496170044,
0.7892882823944092,
0.20771044492721558,
0.48502498865127563,
1.1251628398895264,
-0.43313512206077576,
-0.19049258530139923,
0.2639162838459015,
-0.2727969288825989,
-0.38746967911720276,
1.0945439338684082,
0.2090764343738556,
0.6619101762771606,
-0.2757474482059479,
0.11623556911945343,
0.36522674560546875,
-0.6237632632255554,
-0.7026314735412598,
-0.4236641526222229,
-0.555162787437439,
-0.2110242247581482,
0.627920389175415,
-0.7066832780838013,
0.07903505116701126,
0.16066370904445648,
-1.1010210514068604,
-0.3112684488296509,
0.32355886697769165,
0.02905699610710144,
-0.6499166488647461,
-0.5922762155532837,
-1.0258114337921143,
-0.0082150399684906,
0.6568665504455566,
0.8793041706085205,
0.024914517998695374,
-0.8251581788063049,
-0.6909975409507751,
-0.35962986946105957,
-0.577553927898407,
-0.04506248980760574,
-0.630030632019043,
-0.11159880459308624,
-0.7015155553817749,
-0.9858092665672302,
0.9848736524581909,
-0.16416770219802856,
-0.009758532047271729,
1.1264173984527588,
0.6611061692237854,
-0.02461451292037964,
0.031208783388137817,
-0.25714311003685,
0.4280848503112793,
-0.39203277230262756,
-0.4881000518798828,
0.6244261264801025,
-0.28019455075263977,
-0.6342995762825012,
-0.2096664309501648,
0.5774271488189697,
0.15948069095611572,
0.306244820356369,
-0.7707929611206055,
-0.24803170561790466,
0.9299467206001282,
-1.7535665035247803,
0.08219947665929794,
0.40035364031791687,
0.8555165529251099,
0.03588411211967468,
0.3272291421890259,
-0.027629412710666656,
-0.10798773169517517,
1.0920538902282715,
-1.5149636268615723,
0.1335095316171646,
-0.29657602310180664,
-0.7333337664604187,
0.6268552541732788,
0.07528142631053925,
-0.004294738173484802,
-0.09007581323385239,
-0.17142292857170105,
0.18413333594799042,
0.014904141426086426,
0.472886860370636,
-0.29429763555526733,
-0.39340388774871826,
-0.5551671385765076,
0.6824482679367065,
-0.9154611229896545,
0.6991164088249207,
-0.022829502820968628,
0.5556914806365967,
-1.3190135955810547,
-0.36706995964050293,
0.8430720567703247,
1.1275005340576172,
0.7741053700447083,
-0.5511996746063232,
0.15605264902114868,
0.15051330626010895,
-0.881685733795166,
0.4786796569824219,
0.27784663438796997,
0.013200858607888222,
-0.7410412430763245,
-0.8817901611328125,
-0.350084125995636,
0.15367519855499268,
0.11619176715612411,
-0.4933203160762787,
-1.094674825668335,
0.07685226947069168,
-1.2425036430358887,
0.4188900589942932,
-0.7319161891937256,
-0.4141955077648163,
0.0985216498374939,
0.8609879612922668,
0.41213566064834595,
1.2840008735656738,
-0.16081205010414124,
0.9633955955505371,
-0.6953103542327881,
-0.4668080508708954,
-0.9474835395812988,
0.032436490058898926,
1.1051119565963745,
-0.0940701812505722,
-0.17448493838310242,
-1.1022924184799194,
-0.8467918634414673,
0.2807129919528961,
-0.13368207216262817,
0.9998188018798828,
0.31601154804229736,
0.07761582732200623,
-1.2478219270706177,
0.5929261445999146,
0.12076156586408615,
-0.833603024482727,
-0.8283592462539673,
-1.1625937223434448,
0.8374616503715515,
-0.3837582468986511,
0.25401538610458374,
-0.9238619804382324,
0.3822857737541199,
-1.1092904806137085,
0.4235740303993225,
-0.5280792713165283,
-0.5185611248016357,
-0.20074018836021423,
0.018719401210546494,
-0.4278285503387451,
-0.8684938549995422,
1.2288203239440918,
-0.4490891098976135,
-0.27740755677223206,
-0.26364731788635254,
-0.8601521849632263,
-0.19194498658180237,
-1.2776092290878296,
-0.22197090089321136,
0.004426717758178711,
-0.32726508378982544,
0.6006562113761902,
-0.3208498954772949,
0.2609606385231018,
0.35433632135391235,
0.44352009892463684,
0.2927466034889221,
1.4908320903778076,
-0.029360249638557434,
0.13374942541122437,
0.3035643696784973,
-0.04221685230731964,
0.24875770509243011,
0.49349474906921387,
-0.3439173698425293,
0.41852882504463196,
-0.68919837474823,
0.501030445098877,
-0.6206543445587158,
0.09317485988140106,
-0.4963146448135376,
0.7136820554733276,
-0.06405773013830185,
1.600696086883545,
0.7599716186523438,
-0.8430513739585876,
-0.07544450461864471,
0.2755284607410431,
0.6125273108482361,
0.4149447977542877,
-1.020690679550171,
-1.0186322927474976,
-0.4281443655490875,
-0.632514238357544,
-0.6333866119384766,
-0.7580941319465637,
0.0054642558097839355,
-1.1592438220977783,
0.41626718640327454,
-0.6061004400253296,
0.959164559841156,
0.7174471616744995,
-0.3443409204483032,
-0.06888177990913391,
0.789832353591919,
-1.6507155895233154,
-0.18368932604789734,
0.6102529764175415,
0.7139579653739929,
-1.161439061164856,
0.07077175378799438,
-0.025007188320159912,
0.0009368360042572021,
0.17841371893882751,
0.1426084190607071,
-0.1387403905391693,
-0.6876610517501831,
-0.2274625301361084,
-0.10673278570175171,
0.021397650241851807,
0.8379835486412048,
0.039756909012794495,
-0.30394643545150757,
-0.6012897491455078,
-0.9941705465316772,
1.1447936296463013,
1.4320586919784546,
-0.2629278004169464,
-0.297613263130188,
-0.2712751030921936,
0.05852917581796646,
-0.11846137046813965,
1.0025029182434082,
1.2692248821258545,
-1.1981346607208252,
-0.044779762625694275,
-1.1361348628997803,
0.47366875410079956,
-1.1281135082244873,
1.4280896186828613,
0.019350774586200714,
0.3778383433818817,
0.5100572109222412,
-0.5329921245574951,
1.0561609268188477,
0.4337121248245239,
-0.5831518173217773,
-0.044162243604660034,
-0.03779887408018112,
0.4658178687095642,
-0.5542519688606262,
0.8352198600769043,
0.3896230459213257,
0.1989573836326599,
0.6086248755455017,
0.17715123295783997,
0.43839120864868164,
0.8467850089073181,
0.17828696966171265,
0.7302164435386658,
0.600090503692627,
0.6292970180511475,
-0.16666120290756226,
0.27394455671310425,
-0.36004874110221863,
0.7529935836791992,
0.33426809310913086,
-0.5886134505271912,
-0.8102318048477173,
0.6172744035720825,
-1.339775562286377,
-1.0275495052337646,
0.634563148021698,
0.5223871469497681,
-0.8870951533317566,
-0.43010613322257996,
0.30381643772125244,
1.280540108680725,
0.8774470090866089,
-0.19852590560913086,
0.7727033495903015,
0.17529159784317017,
-0.6168995499610901,
0.7187355756759644,
0.7728525400161743,
0.6326193809509277,
-0.1275199055671692,
0.01320754736661911,
0.09153765439987183,
-0.7153714895248413,
1.0163906812667847,
0.24978339672088623,
0.5276087522506714,
0.017098061740398407,
0.8903141617774963,
-1.0572255849838257,
0.12952733039855957,
1.199657917022705,
-0.38659483194351196,
-0.3387196660041809,
1.2566050291061401,
0.0025574415922164917,
-0.039362676441669464,
0.19131453335285187,
-1.266754150390625,
-0.2528115510940552,
-0.01828847825527191,
0.5171626210212708,
1.1506427526474,
-1.3995367288589478,
0.6279046535491943,
0.4406757056713104,
-0.2572496235370636,
0.912207841873169,
1.579237461090088,
0.6207044720649719,
1.1086251735687256,
1.0526988506317139
] |
why can't some people, including me, see 3-d at the movies? | when avatar came out and everyone was excited about 3-d i went and did not see any 3-d. i thought maybe it was because it wasn't a great theatre and the screen was too small. since then, i've tested it out at 4 or 5 different movies and i just cannot see 3-d. most recently i saw harry potter 7-2 in a 3-d theater and no luck. i don't find it disorienting and the picture looks (mostly) clear through the glasses, but nothing seems to have an added dimension. i can detect when they are trying to do something 3-d, but it looks flat, albeit a bit more overtly layered than a standard movie. what makes me even more confused, is i remember being able to see 3-d in the old school movies (like that michael jackson movie in disney world in the 80s). it occurs to me that the bridge of my nose is too large for the glasses they give, so the glasses are a bit further from my face than designed. i have tried to hold them in a position which is closer and this did not show me 3-d. anyone know why some people can't see this? | that's about it for 3d movies. they look like flat layers - like [paper mario](_url_0_). more so than conventional movies, you have to have suspension of disbelief and forget that you're watching a movie in order for that to sink in easier. | 3 | [] | [] | [
"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/c4/Peach%27sCastle.jpg",
"http://www.howtomakepapercranes.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/The-mountain-fold1.jpg",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaglyph_image"
] | [
0.10460524260997772,
-0.3840959668159485,
-0.06024361774325371,
-0.1260325312614441,
0.05965296924114227,
-0.17800185084342957,
0.14178994297981262,
0.34704506397247314,
0.48130229115486145,
0.12945261597633362,
0.23388221859931946,
0.5617484450340271,
0.11550045013427734,
0.4114832878112793,
0.2540626525878906,
-0.6454755663871765,
0.6327232718467712,
0.23254509270191193,
-0.39503568410873413,
0.7454186677932739,
0.18536823987960815,
-0.23591569066047668,
0.4260002374649048,
0.04606440290808678,
0.3062576353549957,
-0.1987745463848114,
0.622873842716217,
-0.394045889377594,
-0.22346392273902893,
0.0014736950397491455,
-0.5109602212905884,
0.13231003284454346,
0.00922432541847229,
-0.3031211495399475,
0.06429687142372131,
-0.03963465243577957,
0.03768063336610794,
0.0999143198132515,
-0.2047998458147049,
-1.0927473306655884,
-1.0806835889816284,
0.5337942838668823,
0.835942268371582,
0.23520684242248535,
0.01955774426460266,
-0.049649376422166824,
0.2324347048997879,
0.2569257915019989,
0.5230942964553833,
-0.37691131234169006,
-0.5335327386856079,
-0.37657415866851807,
-0.5203092694282532,
-1.2196972370147705,
-0.09734413027763367,
-0.003930632025003433,
0.37453439831733704,
-0.11563117057085037,
0.33988308906555176,
-0.1561465710401535,
-0.07880882173776627,
-0.40728530287742615,
-0.10300944000482559,
0.43517792224884033,
0.36517080664634705,
0.2764463722705841,
-0.03814251720905304,
-0.19481715559959412,
-0.3428901731967926,
0.6239456534385681,
-0.08981683850288391,
-0.012885145843029022,
0.05791705101728439,
-0.15488015115261078,
-0.41429269313812256,
-0.61212158203125,
0.3845190405845642,
-0.2224009782075882,
-0.03401057422161102,
-0.24059657752513885,
0.5252060294151306,
-0.6178901791572571,
-0.16111236810684204,
-0.028896942734718323,
-0.5063635110855103,
0.29255956411361694,
-0.013145074248313904,
0.43937158584594727,
-0.5661991834640503,
-0.2625596225261688,
-0.3871850073337555,
0.04723028838634491,
-0.19908306002616882,
0.2946472764015198,
-0.548173189163208,
-0.6516628265380859,
0.14462000131607056,
-0.6396673917770386,
0.3682281970977783,
0.03255113959312439,
-0.010252520442008972,
-0.13766637444496155,
0.151591494679451,
0.2752140760421753,
0.4477975070476532,
-0.13416588306427002,
0.7373490333557129,
0.10362295061349869,
0.13006791472434998,
0.44984012842178345,
-0.28657013177871704,
-0.21423214673995972,
0.1672951877117157,
-0.6179965734481812,
-0.026725031435489655,
0.18138283491134644,
-0.6649504899978638,
0.48801159858703613,
0.21118876338005066,
-0.6551665663719177,
0.7522854208946228,
0.056602396070957184,
0.04188957065343857,
0.047780729830265045,
0.5477978587150574,
-0.9124653339385986,
0.10160909593105316,
0.2345866858959198,
0.056913312524557114,
0.2533135712146759,
0.13681049644947052,
-0.003978893160820007,
-0.14299710094928741,
0.45915061235427856,
0.4111149311065674,
0.18731045722961426,
-0.21438205242156982,
0.14919915795326233,
-0.4758734703063965,
-0.028776660561561584,
-0.3926979899406433,
0.5461816787719727,
-0.3415141999721527,
0.03270740807056427,
-0.3428334891796112,
0.41631895303726196,
-0.6218599081039429,
0.19805726408958435,
-0.0022830739617347717,
-0.09552934765815735,
0.2812972068786621,
0.2044079303741455,
-0.25156405568122864,
-0.29318392276763916,
-0.46231377124786377,
0.6158445477485657,
-0.22356736660003662,
0.6344627141952515,
-0.015030637383460999,
0.3707011640071869,
-0.1513543725013733,
0.0011868476867675781,
0.11608073115348816,
0.039069294929504395,
-0.30174750089645386,
0.2310023307800293,
0.023828402161598206,
-0.07899558544158936,
-0.5018417835235596,
0.6576199531555176,
-0.7994606494903564,
-0.08048422634601593,
-0.10703401267528534,
-0.03656373918056488,
0.2608269155025482,
-0.16941970586776733,
-1.0349034070968628,
0.35718047618865967,
0.08449412882328033,
0.2443811446428299,
-0.3738236129283905,
-0.10416372120380402,
-0.26063770055770874,
0.062396422028541565,
0.49558958411216736,
-0.3856433629989624,
0.17141401767730713,
-0.22486647963523865,
0.5675428509712219,
0.26788198947906494,
-0.31936153769493103,
-0.23366323113441467,
-0.5175470113754272,
0.6024402976036072,
0.3773508071899414,
0.5085843801498413,
-0.1005493551492691,
0.603093147277832,
-0.5690761208534241,
0.24023741483688354,
-0.6623285412788391,
-0.33930498361587524,
0.2499779760837555,
-0.7108542919158936,
-0.39276039600372314,
-0.4406747817993164,
0.6157076954841614,
-0.1930522322654724,
0.06559747457504272,
-0.45206499099731445,
-0.6185482740402222,
-0.7148367762565613,
-0.6713151931762695,
-0.1783413290977478,
0.14733973145484924,
0.7446266412734985,
-0.24482545256614685,
-0.2821543216705322,
0.21238890290260315,
-0.5136573314666748,
0.2125750184059143,
-0.5141380429267883,
0.4474324584007263,
-0.6623071432113647,
-0.1306951344013214,
-0.660779595375061,
-0.2108117938041687,
0.39366841316223145,
-0.7196611166000366,
-0.10767586529254913,
0.4137080907821655,
-0.25497865676879883,
0.6220132112503052,
-0.2701883912086487,
-0.7278695702552795,
0.08627763390541077,
-0.34277814626693726,
0.6509757041931152,
0.6709620356559753,
-0.3191843628883362,
0.30553799867630005,
-0.5154215693473816,
-0.02643071860074997,
0.1725907325744629,
0.2742811143398285,
-0.2079097032546997,
0.2402142435312271,
-0.3460797667503357,
0.031236432492733,
0.8800294399261475,
-0.3944545388221741,
0.19688859581947327,
0.45741936564445496,
0.1629786193370819,
-0.183650940656662,
0.04036992788314819,
-0.25579655170440674,
-0.20115821063518524,
0.030033975839614868,
0.03291160613298416,
0.446397602558136,
0.14002591371536255,
-0.8025858402252197,
-0.7172229290008545,
-0.756009578704834,
0.1849782019853592,
-0.20169106125831604,
0.17114831507205963,
0.2974182665348053,
-0.07275785505771637,
0.2943542003631592,
0.05689579248428345,
0.3221985697746277,
-0.05456077307462692,
-0.8089029788970947,
0.4758714735507965,
0.33785030245780945,
-0.6049622297286987,
-0.5687815546989441,
0.05248132720589638,
-0.8771030902862549,
0.022638343274593353,
0.27519673109054565,
0.4968928098678589,
0.6782176494598389,
-0.6415145397186279,
-0.1449761539697647,
-0.3978763818740845,
0.08405175805091858,
-0.03656552731990814,
-0.7659741640090942,
0.6513641476631165,
0.26576921343803406,
0.11843706667423248,
0.5275574922561646,
-0.3421899974346161,
-0.13979119062423706,
-0.10020003467798233,
0.20458072423934937,
0.5926061272621155,
0.11113804578781128,
0.5274263620376587,
-0.37819552421569824,
0.5248913764953613,
0.2670558989048004,
-0.022158222272992134,
0.4850570261478424,
0.6077010631561279,
-0.03632558882236481,
0.5424007773399353,
-0.41863715648651123,
-0.20322802662849426,
0.16578897833824158,
0.4839373230934143,
-0.04372154176235199,
0.4552233815193176,
0.6383828520774841,
-0.0554012805223465,
-0.11879666149616241,
0.06706634163856506,
-0.15402746200561523,
-0.3857002258300781,
0.7403408288955688,
0.02650955319404602,
-0.5235381126403809,
-0.46435362100601196,
0.158871591091156,
0.8597226142883301,
-0.1639847308397293,
-0.215204656124115,
0.022442137822508812,
0.15117809176445007,
-0.16747330129146576,
-0.32022303342819214,
0.09245263040065765,
1.2001596689224243,
0.07039621472358704,
-0.16793423891067505,
-0.12233169376850128,
1.3048183917999268,
0.027038514614105225,
0.051610156893730164,
0.12100378423929214,
0.016278617084026337,
-0.12911754846572876,
0.5501465201377869,
0.08936437219381332,
-0.014302347786724567,
0.18617351353168488,
0.2758020758628845,
0.27054470777511597,
0.12361176311969757,
-0.31627750396728516,
0.41821449995040894,
0.2231576144695282,
-0.4920671582221985,
0.5085334777832031,
0.14744997024536133,
0.5849376320838928,
-0.675338625907898,
-0.2929409146308899,
-0.6529676914215088,
0.009747521951794624,
0.46398672461509705,
0.4370875954627991,
0.07580594718456268,
0.9250596761703491,
-1.0811750888824463,
-0.5418007373809814,
-0.26926520466804504,
-0.23342840373516083,
0.16087932884693146,
-0.708774209022522,
0.4364529848098755,
1.0394980907440186,
-0.12576954066753387,
0.02946140617132187,
0.6890002489089966,
-0.8420965671539307,
0.6926933526992798,
0.5436962842941284,
0.11609263718128204,
0.3191533088684082,
-0.15531569719314575
] |
could one physically feel something touch their brain? | [deleted] | the brain doesn't have any sense to touch or pain. taken from _url_0_ "there are no pain receptors in the brain itself. but he meninges (coverings around the brain), periosteum (coverings on the bones), and the scalp all have pain receptors. surgery can be done on the brain and technically the brain does not feel that pain." | 11 | [] | [] | [
"brainline.org"
] | [
-0.11337807774543762,
-0.4204180836677551,
0.262378066778183,
-0.00806693360209465,
-0.7013483047485352,
-0.2628912925720215,
0.9386420249938965,
-0.5894435048103333,
0.8928906917572021,
0.16595593094825745,
1.2527469396591187,
0.39781612157821655,
0.13714534044265747,
0.5804903507232666,
-0.07092994451522827,
-0.626012921333313,
-0.021712690591812134,
-0.26065880060195923,
-0.025458335876464844,
0.8637990951538086,
0.4218910038471222,
0.5147223472595215,
0.23166631162166595,
-0.7872974872589111,
-0.89870685338974,
0.9817159175872803,
0.8379379510879517,
-0.4486187994480133,
-0.20977789163589478,
-0.5857493877410889,
0.15669776499271393,
-0.7544752359390259,
-0.47360605001449585,
-0.43312814831733704,
0.792081356048584,
0.3305252194404602,
-1.7816331386566162,
0.7533407807350159,
0.42610374093055725,
-0.5324555039405823,
0.04266169294714928,
0.2550565004348755,
-0.5482401847839355,
0.8862929940223694,
0.4950076937675476,
0.6342803835868835,
0.29956597089767456,
-0.39154523611068726,
-0.010314539074897766,
0.22837688028812408,
-0.38567879796028137,
-0.5740530490875244,
-0.6846098303794861,
0.7513543367385864,
-0.5425217151641846,
0.5529187321662903,
-1.3222055435180664,
0.557729959487915,
-0.5074082612991333,
0.8295992016792297,
-1.062262773513794,
0.08053475618362427,
-0.11054474115371704,
0.6136970520019531,
0.7165254354476929,
0.4157506823539734,
0.1360638439655304,
-1.5161244869232178,
0.1109362542629242,
1.0044496059417725,
0.29685282707214355,
-0.5291142463684082,
0.8835248947143555,
-0.05679977685213089,
0.9938445091247559,
-0.29469192028045654,
0.039742954075336456,
0.3907470107078552,
-0.7083350419998169,
-0.6025230884552002,
0.22418181598186493,
0.3551003336906433,
-0.29275593161582947,
0.7638604640960693,
-0.09464997053146362,
-0.0469684936106205,
0.1801663637161255,
0.023889973759651184,
-0.15394046902656555,
0.23700611293315887,
-0.7964584827423096,
0.13897669315338135,
-0.770163893699646,
-0.6435352563858032,
-0.2252439558506012,
-0.2802082300186157,
-0.0713263675570488,
1.555128812789917,
-0.9195289611816406,
-0.6888152360916138,
-0.4246619939804077,
0.6894258260726929,
-1.214879035949707,
0.72930908203125,
0.2076691836118698,
0.5001688599586487,
-0.44906824827194214,
-0.8356468677520752,
-0.9785534143447876,
0.37282735109329224,
-0.5305064916610718,
-0.4933222234249115,
0.18370169401168823,
0.017625894397497177,
0.3472312092781067,
-0.31065240502357483,
0.3424433171749115,
0.45612168312072754,
0.1750466227531433,
-0.17181354761123657,
-0.0825151726603508,
-0.7702676653862,
-0.771090030670166,
0.3764575719833374,
0.9249968528747559,
-0.28300410509109497,
-0.5203364491462708,
0.4328954219818115,
1.4527288675308228,
0.38142725825309753,
0.11002945154905319,
-1.249790072441101,
-0.6912393569946289,
0.5188666582107544,
-0.0326666384935379,
0.21469935774803162,
0.5278173089027405,
-0.20537760853767395,
-0.4480820298194885,
-0.5871885418891907,
0.6599350571632385,
-0.07591205835342407,
0.17591433227062225,
0.250202476978302,
-0.2943887710571289,
-0.4436899721622467,
0.4358289837837219,
-0.7264516353607178,
0.5412434935569763,
0.9998583793640137,
-1.7974414825439453,
-0.25311079621315,
-0.3271677494049072,
0.8769381046295166,
-0.3035101294517517,
-0.029168643057346344,
-0.35303887724876404,
-0.6901392936706543,
-1.0660572052001953,
0.08202113211154938,
-0.48589491844177246,
0.18720006942749023,
-1.02482008934021,
1.4761865139007568,
0.8515671491622925,
0.3957574963569641,
0.1976086050271988,
-0.06705104559659958,
0.13992835581302643,
0.02641964703798294,
-0.5122410655021667,
-0.2708873748779297,
-0.14451846480369568,
0.03516995161771774,
-0.40567365288734436,
0.3296302556991577,
-0.682776689529419,
-1.196653962135315,
0.13786333799362183,
-0.24708226323127747,
1.278195858001709,
-0.7045873403549194,
-0.15826630592346191,
0.5982356071472168,
-1.247253656387329,
0.1228162869811058,
0.15514475107192993,
0.8203356266021729,
0.623910665512085,
-0.9368200302124023,
-0.1293638050556183,
0.7068246006965637,
0.03820551931858063,
0.6801424026489258,
-0.6173210144042969,
-0.2847095727920532,
-0.2341582477092743,
-0.45855411887168884,
-0.7668315768241882,
-0.023079432547092438,
0.4660939574241638,
-0.25767073035240173,
-0.44794559478759766,
-0.2747924029827118,
-0.12561307847499847,
-0.15326698124408722,
-0.608701765537262,
0.43638381361961365,
-0.3027160167694092,
-0.75657719373703,
-0.45687365531921387,
0.31095194816589355,
1.2206307649612427,
0.23693299293518066,
0.6069751977920532,
-0.03864265978336334,
-0.6611480712890625,
-0.14830367267131805,
-0.4109669327735901,
-0.1805981695652008,
-0.7876081466674805,
-0.36999011039733887,
-0.811880886554718,
-0.7124854326248169,
-0.31170418858528137,
-0.36290597915649414,
-0.26962655782699585,
1.0690557956695557,
-0.7883608937263489,
0.6204356551170349,
-0.2705298662185669,
-0.3064659833908081,
0.03873850405216217,
0.3308883309364319,
0.6987946033477783,
-0.24364548921585083,
-0.6223207116127014,
-0.5823361277580261,
0.2965924143791199,
0.011223569512367249,
-1.2639355659484863,
0.4996650516986847,
-0.9401196837425232,
0.21443311870098114,
-0.59450364112854,
1.333920955657959,
0.212384432554245,
0.3957085609436035,
0.501468300819397,
0.9876149892807007,
-0.17904256284236908,
0.18573884665966034,
-0.3307003974914551,
0.9837746620178223,
0.20251445472240448,
0.5951396822929382,
-0.39620187878608704,
0.15029367804527283,
-0.16415619850158691,
0.4568693935871124,
-0.5369740724563599,
0.1558886170387268,
0.23295840620994568,
-0.1612212359905243,
0.4244314134120941,
1.1013776063919067,
0.20518441498279572,
1.349808692932129,
-0.2519837021827698,
0.237775519490242,
-0.39151811599731445,
-0.03831106424331665,
-0.21125438809394836,
0.5220634341239929,
0.07951657474040985,
-0.21602606773376465,
-0.7467513084411621,
-0.9413924217224121,
-0.4590485095977783,
-0.27616944909095764,
0.09230592846870422,
-2.210963726043701,
0.5370439887046814,
-0.8290966153144836,
0.9229795932769775,
0.01403990387916565,
-0.43658140301704407,
-0.9306803941726685,
1.0166138410568237,
0.8663506507873535,
-0.30380746722221375,
1.2728965282440186,
1.2029796838760376,
0.6848706007003784,
0.18127983808517456,
-0.03474132716655731,
-0.10089088976383209,
0.23078563809394836,
0.6108524799346924,
1.3057538270950317,
-0.324527382850647,
-0.6416953802108765,
-0.7000272870063782,
-0.3051842153072357,
0.507230281829834,
0.04669369012117386,
0.2743481695652008,
-0.6026617288589478,
0.09471578896045685,
0.38943544030189514,
-1.5940496921539307,
0.3223196268081665,
-0.7479801177978516,
0.12819939851760864,
-0.38339608907699585,
0.8007525205612183,
0.2413700819015503,
0.556891679763794,
-0.25013241171836853,
0.2649238705635071,
0.2619114816188812,
-0.08328640460968018,
0.4757453203201294,
-0.08416974544525146,
-0.06359490752220154,
-1.4369111061096191,
0.9088236093521118,
-0.1418324112892151,
-0.10116484761238098,
0.04819568991661072,
-0.2600539028644562,
0.011045172810554504,
-0.40171635150909424,
-0.11628109216690063,
-0.39397764205932617,
0.863326370716095,
0.33013173937797546,
0.2982080280780792,
-0.68791264295578,
-0.8098111152648926,
-0.2880455255508423,
-0.14569570124149323,
-0.42890533804893494,
0.2463502585887909,
1.1744697093963623,
0.14007888734340668,
0.3706169128417969,
0.36747801303863525,
-1.4848127365112305,
-0.24472782015800476,
0.22496335208415985,
0.38076624274253845,
1.1611382961273193,
0.7633441090583801,
0.8839612007141113,
-1.139025092124939,
0.32724496722221375,
-0.3653791546821594,
-0.07545895874500275,
0.17096486687660217,
0.13930799067020416,
-0.33680224418640137,
0.2659737169742584,
0.9780265092849731,
-1.244889497756958,
-0.09857789427042007,
0.41758373379707336,
-0.047919243574142456,
0.30980533361434937,
0.20924195647239685,
0.14356300234794617,
1.0272438526153564,
0.4085000455379486,
-0.3562828302383423,
0.15575918555259705,
0.5376211404800415,
0.9101611971855164,
0.5242264866828918,
-0.4946248233318329,
0.3006405532360077,
0.715111494064331,
1.1526901721954346,
1.1712130308151245,
-0.54730623960495
] |
is there a biological explanation for why monkeys throw their poop? | my friend and i are fascinated by this behavior, and are wondering if anyone can explain it! the monkey in this video appears to be a serial poop-thrower, and has complex distraction tactics so that people don't see his steamy load coming! _url_0_ | i am by no means an expert but upon learning that domesticated animals are very prone to under stimulation(boredom) it could be a means for the monkey to engage itself in something it perceives as fun. | 2 | [] | [
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UXHwIrEpeSQ"
] | [] | [
0.12685120105743408,
-0.30721428990364075,
0.2970808148384094,
-0.11646264791488647,
-0.34437665343284607,
-0.21435707807540894,
1.5951224565505981,
-0.10812599956989288,
0.6095070242881775,
1.2206323146820068,
0.5856879949569702,
-0.6546284556388855,
0.9370748996734619,
0.7658981084823608,
0.23759645223617554,
-0.33927446603775024,
1.041077971458435,
0.37304356694221497,
-0.06381998211145401,
0.0654861107468605,
0.6927897334098816,
0.26075536012649536,
0.16331271827220917,
-0.653695821762085,
-1.5099132061004639,
-0.6721299886703491,
-0.6342452764511108,
-0.5059108734130859,
0.03484397381544113,
-0.09097765386104584,
-0.14854997396469116,
-0.10591397434473038,
0.48234057426452637,
-1.101702332496643,
-0.9190102815628052,
0.4612843096256256,
-0.34556636214256287,
-0.38265374302864075,
0.1445387601852417,
-0.02130137011408806,
-0.5254983305931091,
0.26124733686447144,
0.5130599737167358,
0.18833330273628235,
-0.36764973402023315,
0.37589114904403687,
-0.4192088544368744,
0.08644804358482361,
0.025760672986507416,
-0.5343607664108276,
-0.30817845463752747,
0.5367345809936523,
-0.3878362774848938,
-0.2687609791755676,
-0.13454407453536987,
0.8104088306427002,
0.24595439434051514,
-0.24366679787635803,
-0.572174072265625,
-0.019821226596832275,
0.15783734619617462,
0.6035130023956299,
0.14585264027118683,
0.426381379365921,
0.5418703556060791,
-0.17702442407608032,
-0.8958479166030884,
-0.029226034879684448,
-0.10496243089437485,
0.4715351164340973,
0.1634623408317566,
-0.6538484692573547,
-0.21124541759490967,
0.5671799182891846,
0.02585386484861374,
-0.3634580969810486,
0.20755469799041748,
-0.5418805480003357,
0.058049023151397705,
-0.0849035233259201,
-0.6720511317253113,
0.4433986246585846,
0.3748549818992615,
-0.3766012191772461,
-0.06077796220779419,
0.2511436939239502,
0.27224212884902954,
-0.2232009470462799,
-0.2057202160358429,
0.41220515966415405,
-0.6712957620620728,
0.2744830846786499,
-0.14046216011047363,
-0.49819469451904297,
-0.06284989416599274,
0.008235598914325237,
-0.3274020552635193,
-0.3139985203742981,
-0.8746993541717529,
0.15942826867103577,
-0.3631259799003601,
0.3475821018218994,
0.21987015008926392,
0.3105267882347107,
0.5069887042045593,
0.20531252026557922,
-0.4652716815471649,
-0.43364477157592773,
0.16512539982795715,
0.6045956611633301,
-1.2786173820495605,
-0.37064433097839355,
0.133214071393013,
0.7063840627670288,
0.170761376619339,
0.18247801065444946,
-0.483661949634552,
-0.42096826434135437,
0.4486933946609497,
-0.14083132147789001,
0.6476174592971802,
0.05543480068445206,
0.22120130062103271,
-0.023961141705513,
0.502617359161377,
-0.25828126072883606,
0.20054101943969727,
0.38781505823135376,
0.21668210625648499,
-0.6567665338516235,
0.3096621632575989,
-0.24602504074573517,
-0.015416771173477173,
0.5290865898132324,
-0.9066721796989441,
-0.23370207846164703,
1.0057801008224487,
0.5977670550346375,
0.08090858161449432,
0.7909960746765137,
-0.07681506872177124,
0.315993070602417,
0.560151219367981,
-0.41721850633621216,
0.10519130527973175,
-0.048576470464468,
0.6261485815048218,
-0.6770741939544678,
-0.19353532791137695,
0.17073997855186462,
0.670251727104187,
-0.5270935893058777,
-0.26213178038597107,
0.3972975015640259,
-0.4690064489841461,
-0.648587703704834,
0.6136354207992554,
0.3250647187232971,
0.2989121973514557,
-0.028607025742530823,
-0.5068985819816589,
0.12429393827915192,
-0.11034353822469711,
-0.48592308163642883,
0.46394747495651245,
-0.6966146230697632,
-0.3812246322631836,
0.14980867505073547,
0.1302441656589508,
-0.6211115121841431,
-0.386510968208313,
0.7051353454589844,
-0.7040790319442749,
0.5411161184310913,
0.41696298122406006,
-0.015308576636016369,
-1.6500725746154785,
0.289997398853302,
0.23335938155651093,
0.47684723138809204,
1.2455229759216309,
-0.12912766635417938,
-0.6384025812149048,
1.1382372379302979,
0.47248485684394836,
-0.04553129896521568,
-0.654600203037262,
-0.05328616872429848,
-0.11555582284927368,
-0.501418948173523,
0.15314824879169464,
-0.27522316575050354,
0.6371513605117798,
-0.23521959781646729,
0.09006717801094055,
-0.14367824792861938,
0.6418607234954834,
-0.46467748284339905,
-0.07887241244316101,
0.10459402203559875,
-0.5215357542037964,
-1.2946205139160156,
0.2860800325870514,
-0.9930977821350098,
-0.41269049048423767,
-0.30771154165267944,
-0.23574553430080414,
-0.3809366226196289,
0.16221553087234497,
-0.2015383243560791,
-0.9231628179550171,
0.05382635444402695,
-0.06873714923858643,
0.4003463387489319,
0.838765561580658,
0.33904263377189636,
0.29069608449935913,
0.2757715582847595,
-0.03627842664718628,
-0.033333320170640945,
-0.590657651424408,
-0.04976114630699158,
-0.06822623312473297,
-0.9502166509628296,
-0.5432727932929993,
-0.47037869691848755,
-0.5507669448852539,
0.9473952651023865,
-0.13644737005233765,
0.44603782892227173,
-0.29843538999557495,
0.293945848941803,
-0.5600886344909668,
-0.400435209274292,
-1.077252745628357,
-0.11164065450429916,
0.15593749284744263,
0.3850453495979309,
0.18681412935256958,
-0.681781530380249,
0.012079313397407532,
0.49016526341438293,
-0.37846171855926514,
0.8979566097259521,
0.13573873043060303,
0.523287296295166,
-0.13942711055278778,
-0.7530306577682495,
-0.23668761551380157,
0.6328467130661011,
-0.2603399157524109,
0.22398458421230316,
-0.4318475127220154,
0.35741209983825684,
-0.14099988341331482,
0.7177971601486206,
-0.36396604776382446,
-0.2470235526561737,
0.4760873317718506,
0.24494591355323792,
0.0814586728811264,
-0.9291871786117554,
-1.17020845413208,
-0.5010243058204651,
0.4398258328437805,
-0.18023283779621124,
-0.1809910535812378,
0.740772008895874,
0.745397686958313,
0.8011903166770935,
-1.103165864944458,
0.13235878944396973,
0.05760858952999115,
0.831763744354248,
-0.16795042157173157,
-0.45276787877082825,
0.15213072299957275,
-0.5827398300170898,
0.05218805372714996,
-0.5198718905448914,
-0.23386985063552856,
-0.9738597869873047,
0.4313340187072754,
0.5019534826278687,
-0.3605397641658783,
0.09809330850839615,
-0.879791259765625,
0.2893385589122772,
0.5725659132003784,
0.4129714369773865,
-0.58961021900177,
0.8060449361801147,
0.45799851417541504,
-0.1926417052745819,
0.9794429540634155,
0.5818700790405273,
0.21378569304943085,
-0.6774481534957886,
-0.3423461318016052,
1.0664114952087402,
0.17195886373519897,
-1.1718026399612427,
-0.25343987345695496,
-0.6447000503540039,
0.06969025731086731,
-0.2977304458618164,
1.4279892444610596,
-0.329806387424469,
-0.6984666585922241,
0.034529879689216614,
-0.6640149354934692,
1.3201245069503784,
0.2689247131347656,
0.47631752490997314,
0.13128626346588135,
0.21652962267398834,
-0.34487995505332947,
0.8744806051254272,
0.13484862446784973,
0.2560305893421173,
-0.3893485963344574,
0.22187338769435883,
0.27474069595336914,
0.044771432876586914,
-0.01016169786453247,
0.7797805070877075,
0.4262273609638214,
-0.5310519337654114,
-0.04686078429222107,
-0.2550707459449768,
-0.03893717750906944,
-0.028474465012550354,
0.08710575848817825,
0.7896060943603516,
0.5932869911193848,
1.4184796810150146,
0.37823939323425293,
0.630279004573822,
-0.5274420976638794,
0.5639602541923523,
0.13859418034553528,
0.34455209970474243,
-0.1722889393568039,
-0.005691187456250191,
-0.8649793863296509,
-0.668720006942749,
-0.25282222032546997,
0.35964512825012207,
0.00018831342458724976,
-0.16552826762199402,
-0.10275419056415558,
0.3388305604457855,
-0.012886963784694672,
-0.025955714285373688,
-0.1322956681251526,
-0.040149763226509094,
-0.5201797485351562,
-0.5643001198768616,
0.7760516405105591,
-0.934967577457428,
0.299574077129364,
-0.14825439453125,
-0.03536222130060196,
0.5341746211051941,
-0.6612175703048706,
0.896560788154602,
-0.03189058601856232,
-0.508600652217865,
0.568303644657135,
-0.28189244866371155,
-0.3556727170944214,
0.15782403945922852,
-0.18171986937522888,
-0.47146815061569214,
-0.2674413025379181,
0.3771308362483978,
-0.03383668139576912,
0.3847863972187042,
-0.2261267900466919,
1.0511046648025513,
-0.05078890174627304,
0.4028666615486145,
0.44817423820495605,
0.2903023958206177
] |
if wimps actually exist, is there a large amount of them in our solar system and do they orbit the earth, sun and other bodies? | large: in absolute numbers yes, in total mass not (roughly the mass of an asteroid). most particles won't orbit the sun, they move into the solar system at high relative speed and leave it again at the same speed. there is no relevant mechanism that would capture them, unlike for matter, which can collide with each other. | 3 | [] | [] | [] | [
0.22461815178394318,
0.49847841262817383,
0.01898004114627838,
-0.1009545549750328,
-0.08619728684425354,
-1.296095609664917,
0.043447673320770264,
-0.32951241731643677,
1.0300073623657227,
-0.1349453181028366,
0.9350273609161377,
0.014092482626438141,
0.4460824728012085,
-0.7043096423149109,
0.7588985562324524,
-0.43388068675994873,
-0.7434481382369995,
0.389681339263916,
-1.346280574798584,
0.870297372341156,
-0.03596803545951843,
-0.8212989568710327,
-0.13191767036914825,
0.463312029838562,
-0.5072945952415466,
0.6138430237770081,
-0.5439134240150452,
-0.43056410551071167,
-0.6325209736824036,
0.09716758131980896,
0.025273412466049194,
0.2286018431186676,
-0.7998191714286804,
-0.26929953694343567,
0.29346221685409546,
-0.0125820841640234,
-0.19416233897209167,
-0.050753556191921234,
0.29316362738609314,
-0.5594615340232849,
0.22778740525245667,
-0.5984232425689697,
0.13338488340377808,
0.330842524766922,
-0.5881180167198181,
0.7501097321510315,
0.030579939484596252,
0.6070287823677063,
-0.19359801709651947,
-0.47036176919937134,
-0.378288209438324,
0.7805832624435425,
-0.5125234127044678,
-0.1990477293729782,
-0.5651404857635498,
0.46085765957832336,
0.626854419708252,
-0.1736617535352707,
0.6412025094032288,
-0.6466681361198425,
0.0001736655831336975,
0.1324406862258911,
-0.7736638784408569,
-0.23155197501182556,
1.4429340362548828,
-0.03378517925739288,
-0.012527704238891602,
0.2511112093925476,
-1.0100069046020508,
1.3018455505371094,
0.26680320501327515,
0.7000803351402283,
-0.8468989133834839,
-0.27374905347824097,
0.33883827924728394,
-0.2919104993343353,
0.09670642018318176,
0.4800122380256653,
-0.17400500178337097,
0.5266228318214417,
0.14523307979106903,
-0.29202139377593994,
-0.854526162147522,
-0.5154634714126587,
0.09690552204847336,
0.1555810570716858,
0.08164283633232117,
0.9406542778015137,
0.9052203893661499,
-0.4740421772003174,
-1.7210853099822998,
-0.2114158570766449,
-0.033790022134780884,
0.10730314999818802,
0.008426330983638763,
0.3136225938796997,
0.4852229654788971,
-0.9234434962272644,
0.7078677415847778,
0.41519951820373535,
-0.4264843761920929,
0.26060789823532104,
-1.1257617473602295,
0.8198104500770569,
-0.1303589642047882,
-0.2862839698791504,
-0.3532855212688446,
0.1992184817790985,
0.019718527793884277,
0.34204867482185364,
0.31483426690101624,
0.03403743356466293,
0.4360371232032776,
-0.28973740339279175,
-0.04637919366359711,
-0.18088796734809875,
-0.4155833125114441,
0.6361495852470398,
-1.1362673044204712,
-1.1967527866363525,
-0.6028411388397217,
-0.22943846881389618,
0.7368124127388,
-0.027675896883010864,
0.5996372699737549,
-0.39434701204299927,
0.32046571373939514,
-0.03536849468946457,
-0.9547202587127686,
-0.6477115750312805,
0.9192919731140137,
-1.2556514739990234,
-0.4289490282535553,
0.10563672333955765,
-0.7400285005569458,
0.7318885922431946,
0.9755613207817078,
-0.609432578086853,
-0.8209030628204346,
0.1493799239397049,
1.301965355873108,
0.16689515113830566,
0.9960448741912842,
0.4623158574104309,
1.2228566408157349,
0.6994578242301941,
0.6262664794921875,
-0.2252078354358673,
0.5414888262748718,
-0.19454656541347504,
-0.5758771896362305,
-0.08701824396848679,
0.24063029885292053,
-0.09034506976604462,
0.13622872531414032,
0.060396939516067505,
0.023440100252628326,
-0.028382467105984688,
-0.09661715477705002,
0.5180053114891052,
-0.2667054235935211,
0.48929935693740845,
0.0022156089544296265,
0.8627169728279114,
-0.5148195624351501,
0.4546601176261902,
-0.059616819024086,
-0.7970569133758545,
-0.2946386933326721,
0.44521045684814453,
-0.6377564668655396,
0.03833908587694168,
-0.30894896388053894,
-1.0087954998016357,
0.4098583161830902,
-0.5217671990394592,
-1.7585854530334473,
-0.08207482099533081,
0.31529515981674194,
0.26294541358947754,
-0.15265940129756927,
0.5433570742607117,
1.7225103378295898,
-0.11579890549182892,
0.6904491186141968,
-0.07815476506948471,
-0.10705578327178955,
0.7293674945831299,
0.11341841518878937,
-0.8963179588317871,
0.30707311630249023,
0.4252251386642456,
0.8967400789260864,
0.13958726823329926,
-0.2894495725631714,
0.445569783449173,
-0.4709150791168213,
-0.442487508058548,
0.6314345598220825,
-0.28721559047698975,
-1.050105333328247,
-1.4032647609710693,
0.3947911560535431,
-0.3898497521877289,
0.3082953691482544,
0.08340797573328018,
-0.5042209625244141,
0.3160123825073242,
-0.7652204036712646,
0.3633231520652771,
-0.20210355520248413,
-1.6190651655197144,
-0.5552752017974854,
0.8526024222373962,
-0.9192798137664795,
0.17898958921432495,
0.18010690808296204,
-1.1254671812057495,
-0.01447305828332901,
-0.6701541543006897,
0.533973217010498,
0.0035787224769592285,
-0.2967838644981384,
-0.5128845572471619,
0.11207127571105957,
-0.22458362579345703,
0.303310364484787,
0.07305681705474854,
0.2940799593925476,
0.7324511408805847,
-0.4689193367958069,
-0.48900485038757324,
-0.6080312728881836,
0.41728413105010986,
-0.5036462545394897,
-0.9415856599807739,
-0.355035662651062,
-0.724915087223053,
0.548416018486023,
-0.9857526421546936,
0.43393632769584656,
0.49882012605667114,
-0.46482887864112854,
0.6534749865531921,
1.106407880783081,
-0.3032388687133789,
0.3790648281574249,
-0.41166210174560547,
-0.19585955142974854,
-0.08675435930490494,
0.05130448192358017,
-0.08341118693351746,
-0.5598974823951721,
0.0657808780670166,
0.7759064435958862,
0.026592612266540527,
-0.03643549233675003,
-0.3677828907966614,
-0.15841645002365112,
0.556919515132904,
0.14614924788475037,
0.5608001351356506,
-0.5870500802993774,
-0.9102228283882141,
-0.7865270376205444,
1.0312330722808838,
0.21338596940040588,
0.4767817258834839,
-0.09503547102212906,
-0.4024328589439392,
0.7049447298049927,
0.5111915469169617,
-0.02445635199546814,
-0.6216761469841003,
0.7786459922790527,
-0.604586660861969,
-1.0101573467254639,
-0.2601263225078583,
0.12641355395317078,
0.1884024739265442,
0.6154001355171204,
-0.02203303575515747,
-0.09691288322210312,
-0.1743708848953247,
0.9421222805976868,
-1.0800610780715942,
0.07994285225868225,
0.017541617155075073,
0.0223233699798584,
-0.19461575150489807,
0.3382096290588379,
2.066366195678711,
0.07257258892059326,
-0.22353672981262207,
1.379812240600586,
-0.00209006667137146,
-0.05367580056190491,
0.2334672510623932,
0.03399845212697983,
0.2966934144496918,
-0.05303829908370972,
-0.30282479524612427,
-0.6757498383522034,
0.6680576801300049,
-0.4995715618133545,
0.263743132352829,
0.1798059344291687,
0.3417430520057678,
-0.6690226197242737,
-0.012863896787166595,
-0.29301416873931885,
-1.5906260013580322,
0.24867737293243408,
0.6520031690597534,
-0.8239310383796692,
0.04643802344799042,
1.2352354526519775,
1.0941494703292847,
0.4622496962547302,
0.22791384160518646,
0.5720223188400269,
0.1361914724111557,
-0.1821265071630478,
-0.22980114817619324,
-0.1831584870815277,
0.026882275938987732,
-0.4889153242111206,
0.19293029606342316,
0.08814575523138046,
0.28603503108024597,
-0.4873794913291931,
-0.39989346265792847,
0.5747835636138916,
0.8206530809402466,
-0.09393489360809326,
0.5064650774002075,
0.43798065185546875,
-1.0497016906738281,
-0.42808282375335693,
0.8128266334533691,
-0.7371693849563599,
0.4666801691055298,
0.6387853026390076,
0.591633141040802,
0.4763268530368805,
0.29787737131118774,
-0.31928032636642456,
0.16242347657680511,
-0.2409660816192627,
-0.577189564704895,
-0.5690529346466064,
-0.30839207768440247,
0.5993787050247192,
0.3744499385356903,
0.2550860643386841,
-0.8030515909194946,
-0.5164099931716919,
0.37515079975128174,
0.5523504018783569,
0.0417732298374176,
0.43092721700668335,
0.5520181655883789,
-0.5171297192573547,
1.167127251625061,
-0.7171598672866821,
0.6043974161148071,
-0.6440775990486145,
-0.4837968945503235,
-0.33694005012512207,
0.3441503047943115,
-0.35881316661834717,
0.8648452758789062,
0.013336725533008575,
-0.6936832070350647,
0.1306210160255432,
0.3279383182525635,
-0.5464019179344177,
0.02053973078727722,
0.4720126986503601,
0.38128772377967834,
0.5814945697784424,
-0.21280279755592346,
0.652097761631012,
0.06703488528728485
] |
|
what accounts for what food we like/dislike? | i'm sure there is no one single answer, or that we know all the factors that determine it, but i was wondering what would account for why we all have favorite foods and we have foods that we find disgusting. | well, one thing we all avoid is bitter. whereas the tongue has a single receptor for each other taste modality (i.e. sweet, sour, salty, umami), we have ~35 receptors for bitter compounds, but only one percept of bitter taste (the brain likes to economize). the evolutionary purpose of this is to avoid potentially harmful foods, such as mold, certain poisons, etc. however, many people do enjoy foods with bitter compounds, such as beer and coffee. if you drink one of these two, you may remember that you initially didn't like it, but that it was an acquired taste. that's exactly because it's bitter. however, the reward given by another aspect of that food (e.g. intoxication from alcohol in beer, feeling of alertness from coffee), or even the social reward (e.g. drinking coffee with friends), eventually overrides the aversion to bitterness. so ultimately, in this case at least, it's a form of learning. if we have positive experiences after eating bitter foods, we can learn to like them. as pertains to subtler things, like why some people like apples but not cherries, i cannot say. | 2 | [] | [] | [] | [
-0.8923577666282654,
-0.19629551470279694,
1.4363365173339844,
1.6749480962753296,
0.8600006103515625,
0.48883217573165894,
4.953981876373291,
-0.6950157880783081,
1.5315154790878296,
-2.702312469482422,
-0.4619833827018738,
-2.1867499351501465,
-1.9153708219528198,
-2.1075072288513184,
2.603755474090576,
-2.1053247451782227,
2.9061174392700195,
-1.1774473190307617,
-1.2211271524429321,
0.32145169377326965,
-1.9637621641159058,
0.029198117554187775,
0.7729499340057373,
0.3399226665496826,
-0.7034738659858704,
1.2368004322052002,
1.2651925086975098,
-0.29532888531684875,
0.379320353269577,
0.6793035864830017,
2.222919225692749,
1.8586831092834473,
1.5000914335250854,
-1.6730917692184448,
-2.413576364517212,
-0.09424667060375214,
-0.12789219617843628,
-0.9816504120826721,
2.9076921939849854,
-0.11576345562934875,
0.26522016525268555,
0.7265819311141968,
-0.49578046798706055,
-0.6228464841842651,
-1.4764456748962402,
-0.43187981843948364,
1.4544938802719116,
-1.781044363975525,
-0.3737529516220093,
0.6064202189445496,
-0.8467803001403809,
1.230238437652588,
-1.2734942436218262,
0.8189259171485901,
0.21974283456802368,
0.15287166833877563,
-0.08539463579654694,
2.6771833896636963,
-3.100147008895874,
1.5683327913284302,
0.5175364017486572,
-1.643698811531067,
-1.1328020095825195,
1.6227365732192993,
1.8181238174438477,
-0.1801868975162506,
-2.2071785926818848,
2.383718729019165,
-2.735846519470215,
0.8176169395446777,
1.0530272722244263,
-0.047814011573791504,
2.1801514625549316,
-0.5860622525215149,
0.1527772694826126,
0.5246211290359497,
0.357522189617157,
-2.0442912578582764,
-1.7503916025161743,
2.273169755935669,
-0.1959208846092224,
1.9672088623046875,
-0.6047992706298828,
0.4996768534183502,
-2.3996877670288086,
-1.8634121417999268,
-0.287592351436615,
-2.0475001335144043,
0.2225736677646637,
2.2289958000183105,
-2.4207441806793213,
0.8887704610824585,
2.0550591945648193,
1.485598087310791,
2.0167407989501953,
0.9115845561027527,
-1.0098295211791992,
-2.0559818744659424,
-1.5646452903747559,
0.9969298243522644,
-0.9028518199920654,
3.185283899307251,
-2.282721757888794,
-1.271894931793213,
2.652618408203125,
-2.0509018898010254,
-3.864386558532715,
0.06702452152967453,
1.1615569591522217,
-0.16343235969543457,
-0.7792152166366577,
0.7774946093559265,
0.6253177523612976,
-1.3546322584152222,
-2.117544651031494,
-0.5910481214523315,
-0.3641625642776489,
-1.9209332466125488,
2.7972981929779053,
-1.8693594932556152,
0.2628019154071808,
0.49702584743499756,
0.34587040543556213,
0.05026719346642494,
-0.5523788332939148,
0.07199287414550781,
-0.7863926291465759,
1.567416787147522,
-0.32588547468185425,
0.6042377948760986,
0.2573077082633972,
-1.7958567142486572,
4.022418022155762,
1.7050044536590576,
-2.5545711517333984,
-0.9220417737960815,
0.4291122853755951,
-2.708705186843872,
0.8168711066246033,
0.9483409523963928,
-0.32289454340934753,
1.2016029357910156,
0.0058583468198776245,
0.4694935083389282,
-2.6400604248046875,
1.4396425485610962,
1.8271151781082153,
-2.7762598991394043,
-0.3915364742279053,
-0.4588400721549988,
0.1833922266960144,
-0.6937136650085449,
-1.4241485595703125,
-1.8719319105148315,
0.13185633718967438,
0.2561354637145996,
-0.8581782579421997,
0.39270707964897156,
2.31689453125,
1.4480996131896973,
0.6818731427192688,
-0.4652772843837738,
-0.4041566252708435,
-0.8327010869979858,
-0.097037672996521,
0.05793643742799759,
-0.8103753924369812,
-1.5568218231201172,
0.6590408086776733,
1.806462049484253,
-0.3651362359523773,
1.079729676246643,
-0.039610929787158966,
0.3881276547908783,
-1.6828749179840088,
-0.5132527947425842,
-3.454465627670288,
0.6096783876419067,
2.2673990726470947,
-0.08182444423437119,
2.1269493103027344,
3.145153522491455,
-2.432217836380005,
0.770443856716156,
-2.3182625770568848,
0.5335670709609985,
-1.3069735765457153,
-1.0581753253936768,
-1.33307945728302,
0.1575821042060852,
0.3338574171066284,
-1.4399511814117432,
-0.9995789527893066,
2.3759469985961914,
-1.6995402574539185,
-0.41343238949775696,
0.8336923718452454,
-0.9628657698631287,
0.9679633975028992,
0.10628467053174973,
-0.7101477384567261,
-2.7402069568634033,
-1.495304822921753,
-1.606715440750122,
0.8283241391181946,
-2.0345566272735596,
3.4691386222839355,
-0.1848158836364746,
0.25466176867485046,
-2.592952013015747,
-2.1719956398010254,
1.6911700963974,
-2.535454273223877,
1.6007548570632935,
1.1807698011398315,
-3.8565187454223633,
2.191659688949585,
1.9145807027816772,
-0.8480861186981201,
-0.3915826976299286,
1.0087785720825195,
-1.6891988515853882,
-1.4436273574829102,
-2.2923479080200195,
1.1164982318878174,
-1.5092964172363281,
-0.8216298222541809,
2.146115303039551,
0.5568565130233765,
-0.3311074376106262,
-0.47392672300338745,
1.8363686800003052,
0.5740527510643005,
1.4606614112854004,
-0.6174643039703369,
0.5988177061080933,
1.4879834651947021,
-0.41789665818214417,
0.04406014829874039,
-0.12421459704637527,
2.870488405227661,
5.551693916320801,
0.6625083684921265,
-0.9105193018913269,
-2.573995590209961,
0.9257140755653381,
-1.9565379619598389,
1.614851713180542,
-0.7511789202690125,
0.06843963265419006,
-1.4690808057785034,
-1.5343852043151855,
-3.2632977962493896,
-0.22566267848014832,
1.7482662200927734,
1.518033742904663,
-3.590242862701416,
-4.084902286529541,
0.8025720119476318,
2.4434049129486084,
-2.674823760986328,
-2.0512733459472656,
-3.209239959716797,
-0.4717565178871155,
0.5435193777084351,
-2.3848726749420166,
0.053627438843250275,
3.0292954444885254,
0.019808799028396606,
1.4249823093414307,
-0.9609163403511047,
-2.160810708999634,
1.3976844549179077,
0.9536405205726624,
4.481827259063721,
-0.7019372582435608,
0.41351982951164246,
0.8627333641052246,
-0.5827624201774597,
-1.3268687725067139,
2.1192398071289062,
-2.2714436054229736,
-2.972618579864502,
2.4341371059417725,
0.2268066108226776,
1.109113097190857,
0.2792202830314636,
-1.352505087852478,
1.9973433017730713,
-2.4512603282928467,
-1.7926474809646606,
1.8724884986877441,
2.306227207183838,
-1.3320181369781494,
3.700685977935791,
-1.2851656675338745,
0.04073771834373474,
0.7704793214797974,
-0.4285125136375427,
0.8241938352584839,
-2.0358476638793945,
-0.2676546573638916,
-1.135826826095581,
-0.36313629150390625,
-1.3993172645568848,
0.4601784348487854,
0.7645800709724426,
-1.4797667264938354,
-0.24241021275520325,
-0.6392391920089722,
0.21063756942749023,
1.1996231079101562,
-1.0687894821166992,
2.3431336879730225,
-0.5831105709075928,
-1.5650031566619873,
-0.43509620428085327,
-0.17557452619075775,
2.2449793815612793,
0.7552276849746704,
1.7942029237747192,
-3.1941046714782715,
-1.1914384365081787,
3.0297670364379883,
-1.1766358613967896,
0.04526855796575546,
-0.5307775139808655,
-0.8312398791313171,
-1.3968524932861328,
1.741748332977295,
-1.1364816427230835,
4.72374153137207,
-0.6092953681945801,
2.6908376216888428,
0.09955340623855591,
1.9271758794784546,
1.5162677764892578,
-1.084147572517395,
-1.6985771656036377,
1.0282021760940552,
-1.0682991743087769,
2.004082202911377,
1.8631980419158936,
-1.3028229475021362,
0.29892033338546753,
-1.6830332279205322,
1.100606083869934,
1.0376837253570557,
-0.9614202380180359,
1.09646737575531,
0.7907900810241699,
2.8944027423858643,
-0.16358992457389832,
-0.9561764597892761,
4.229623317718506,
-1.0749421119689941,
-0.19663384556770325,
-1.4057629108428955,
2.1044390201568604,
-2.193711042404175,
-1.9314589500427246,
-2.4599311351776123,
0.8178485035896301,
1.6496124267578125,
-2.7029078006744385,
0.66777503490448,
-1.4675737619400024,
3.073904037475586,
0.6133528351783752,
1.987117886543274,
0.3687860071659088,
1.3437633514404297,
-0.1942582130432129,
-0.6977984309196472,
-1.057580590248108,
-1.9973914623260498,
1.0307765007019043,
3.030094623565674,
1.3683850765228271,
-1.1622273921966553,
4.551451683044434,
1.0765665769577026,
3.8930678367614746,
-0.5637327432632446
] |
what would happen if an iron bar was encased in another material and struck at it's resonating frequency? | if an iron bar was encased in say concrete what would happen if the bar was caused to resonate? | a bar is in concrete doesn't resonate at the same frequencies that that it resonates by itself. the concrete-bar structure would resonate at common frequencies. in engineering, the first few frequencies (modes) are typically considered | 2 | [] | [] | [] | [
-0.093873530626297,
-0.4240391254425049,
-0.171960711479187,
-0.1664447784423828,
-0.5497831702232361,
-0.5532321929931641,
0.42043742537498474,
-0.2814190089702606,
0.22252850234508514,
0.033547595143318176,
-0.025398381054401398,
-0.147541344165802,
-0.04565032571554184,
-0.3884580433368683,
0.5857484340667725,
0.390514075756073,
0.20829108357429504,
-0.12266511470079422,
-0.3442547619342804,
0.17356546223163605,
0.7407768368721008,
0.011573925614356995,
-1.0990478992462158,
0.11430326104164124,
0.11849285662174225,
-0.19740472733974457,
-0.21852542459964752,
0.48104768991470337,
0.46935659646987915,
-0.14290140569210052,
-0.16669118404388428,
1.1785833835601807,
0.2900274097919464,
0.23079627752304077,
-0.10213863849639893,
0.10460177063941956,
0.29489585757255554,
-0.04007626324892044,
-0.8289784789085388,
0.027554892003536224,
0.22984535992145538,
-0.028027299791574478,
0.18369117379188538,
0.5317319631576538,
-0.4538593888282776,
0.5582582950592041,
0.11713875085115433,
0.06992071866989136,
-0.380376935005188,
-0.3836635947227478,
-0.4935031533241272,
0.2945686876773834,
-0.07623980939388275,
0.1764516830444336,
-0.6707794666290283,
-0.4385654926300049,
0.3665664792060852,
0.5259262323379517,
0.1695619821548462,
-0.1881479024887085,
0.07277564704418182,
-0.34672266244888306,
-0.6604692935943604,
-0.3020356297492981,
0.6779671907424927,
0.7306214570999146,
0.1958852857351303,
0.33550819754600525,
0.006601244211196899,
1.0557833909988403,
0.38407498598098755,
0.22717563807964325,
-0.03499722480773926,
-0.3746400773525238,
0.7076015472412109,
-0.5707216858863831,
-0.9410985708236694,
0.4512348771095276,
-0.3533173203468323,
0.07644433528184891,
0.3681167662143707,
-0.9836854934692383,
-0.7000831365585327,
-0.4829882085323334,
0.27093610167503357,
0.2539820075035095,
0.0590643510222435,
-0.28906697034835815,
-1.2237807512283325,
0.04928697645664215,
-0.5285567045211792,
0.37263038754463196,
-0.8732445240020752,
0.59092777967453,
-0.4920620322227478,
0.04667629301548004,
0.3321036100387573,
-0.43706297874450684,
0.8936123251914978,
-0.224562406539917,
0.1278161108493805,
1.132837176322937,
-0.7948724031448364,
0.5250105857849121,
-0.3677663207054138,
-0.7028336524963379,
-0.11292316019535065,
0.6415090560913086,
-0.033748820424079895,
-0.12594445049762726,
0.38912445306777954,
-0.8243937492370605,
0.02683773636817932,
-1.0054590702056885,
0.17525890469551086,
-0.25057825446128845,
-0.001448795199394226,
-0.09403973072767258,
0.3046419322490692,
-0.9344087839126587,
-0.6513862013816833,
-0.2242831289768219,
-0.38699662685394287,
-0.23841872811317444,
0.13988402485847473,
-0.29179471731185913,
-0.4849647879600525,
-0.047070130705833435,
-0.4014451205730438,
0.22409072518348694,
-0.2216162234544754,
-0.5700878500938416,
0.35019049048423767,
-0.34389612078666687,
-0.2250843346118927,
0.5572031140327454,
0.9029648303985596,
0.6419777870178223,
0.30654972791671753,
0.9516168832778931,
0.4601367712020874,
0.6826660633087158,
0.14592009782791138,
-0.003204822540283203,
0.052695341408252716,
-0.19726066291332245,
-1.1065516471862793,
-0.7325162291526794,
-0.19796425104141235,
0.017030492424964905,
0.05655866861343384,
-0.17194920778274536,
-0.2538818120956421,
-0.8629509210586548,
0.329721599817276,
-0.007451668381690979,
-0.7512142658233643,
0.08908901363611221,
0.2489941120147705,
0.831368625164032,
-0.01879115402698517,
0.5065831542015076,
-0.008696123957633972,
0.9516041278839111,
0.004280702210962772,
0.408511757850647,
0.1856805831193924,
-0.44421687722206116,
-0.032342880964279175,
-0.2349867820739746,
0.2875344753265381,
-0.37575584650039673,
0.4215777516365051,
-1.1026160717010498,
-0.6604151725769043,
-0.20203453302383423,
-0.666140079498291,
-0.05617094039916992,
0.5857349634170532,
0.4414219856262207,
0.005295425653457642,
0.910380482673645,
0.7799022793769836,
-0.008597970008850098,
0.014742925763130188,
0.513042151927948,
-0.12108039855957031,
0.46422967314720154,
-0.056717947125434875,
0.1385383903980255,
-0.6377692222595215,
-0.29118192195892334,
0.1423647254705429,
0.23677095770835876,
-0.47466468811035156,
-0.5689332485198975,
0.647261381149292,
-0.3444354832172394,
0.20026201009750366,
0.30537307262420654,
-0.5114068388938904,
0.13886381685733795,
0.018803291022777557,
0.5466111302375793,
-0.6268308162689209,
-0.17440912127494812,
0.34404686093330383,
0.9020631313323975,
-0.37927258014678955,
0.5613335967063904,
-0.6534550189971924,
-0.6594833731651306,
-0.06249695643782616,
-0.46639004349708557,
0.7387176752090454,
-1.0819991827011108,
-0.8498748540878296,
-0.1494731605052948,
-0.8319611549377441,
0.04738306999206543,
0.8988198637962341,
-0.16591767966747284,
0.9048066139221191,
-0.5225152969360352,
0.11775300651788712,
0.6212502717971802,
-0.15795648097991943,
0.6354091167449951,
-0.41005679965019226,
0.3243134915828705,
0.4403195381164551,
0.24383090436458588,
-0.07177853584289551,
-0.13509610295295715,
0.5593082308769226,
-0.11213009059429169,
-0.4964929223060608,
0.09642714262008667,
-0.28850752115249634,
-0.25679752230644226,
0.02663760632276535,
-0.9171501398086548,
0.522922694683075,
0.14572736620903015,
0.3389371335506439,
-0.8562775254249573,
0.10782293230295181,
0.796241044998169,
0.018126316368579865,
-0.384416401386261,
0.23816044628620148,
-0.6526287794113159,
0.13726875185966492,
0.21959805488586426,
0.05710706114768982,
0.9106854796409607,
0.856586217880249,
-0.30450356006622314,
-0.3800230026245117,
-0.262019544839859,
0.8877384662628174,
0.3684437572956085,
0.3046031892299652,
-0.47161850333213806,
0.6249955892562866,
1.418847680091858,
0.7536580562591553,
-0.03001132607460022,
-0.4551410973072052,
-0.2534762918949127,
0.31802093982696533,
0.3363057076931,
-0.7938048839569092,
-0.48091018199920654,
0.8956303596496582,
-0.3962695896625519,
-0.14848659932613373,
-0.6013937592506409,
-0.10730110108852386,
0.3530593812465668,
-0.1787985861301422,
-0.4409155249595642,
-0.13103565573692322,
0.9446702003479004,
0.4826292395591736,
0.07871285080909729,
-0.47457757592201233,
-0.43794625997543335,
0.9719762802124023,
0.33110788464546204,
0.6509859561920166,
0.35345277190208435,
0.1549997180700302,
0.5633248686790466,
0.34832337498664856,
0.9766766428947449,
0.3122005760669708,
-0.9080339074134827,
-0.5103940963745117,
-0.5811383128166199,
0.05301101505756378,
-0.32187002897262573,
-0.7364189624786377,
0.4141472280025482,
-0.032205238938331604,
0.9396247863769531,
0.1540946066379547,
0.6441826820373535,
0.05415298044681549,
-0.5004708170890808,
0.05103166401386261,
-0.009602527134120464,
0.17126348614692688,
-0.17244327068328857,
0.6814850568771362,
0.5837503671646118,
0.5356109142303467,
0.12247395515441895,
-0.05813553184270859,
0.24639934301376343,
-0.7089056968688965,
-0.21475850045681,
-0.3318725526332855,
-0.44247907400131226,
0.0163564532995224,
0.2006436586380005,
0.626517117023468,
-1.3767147064208984,
-0.8839608430862427,
-0.5469040870666504,
-0.7751598954200745,
-0.7988997101783752,
-0.7726948857307434,
0.5243558883666992,
0.8034520149230957,
-0.5221333503723145,
-0.11764416098594666,
-0.655048668384552,
-0.294295996427536,
0.13521090149879456,
-0.11486025154590607,
-0.024058133363723755,
0.5546740293502808,
0.25164031982421875,
-0.5965989828109741,
0.05328107625246048,
-0.005858736112713814,
-0.31230682134628296,
-0.2518627345561981,
0.04728727787733078,
-0.19491881132125854,
0.20668236911296844,
0.5639104843139648,
0.0427720732986927,
0.13009655475616455,
-0.5897195935249329,
0.5218675136566162,
-0.03857794404029846,
-0.8308244943618774,
0.12959907948970795,
-0.546802282333374,
-0.7873885631561279,
-0.22180746495723724,
0.587971568107605,
0.03639502823352814,
0.44627413153648376,
-0.03473210334777832,
0.14992378652095795,
0.0030854344367980957,
1.0450098514556885,
0.1908721625804901,
0.8665659427642822,
0.1856832504272461,
-0.9086653590202332,
-0.03243236988782883,
0.5362460613250732,
-0.252718448638916,
0.18812762200832367,
-0.33790919184684753,
0.07226887345314026,
0.5556299686431885,
1.1400299072265625,
0.5206641554832458,
0.2971407175064087
] |
if it's true that the brain alone uses 25-30% of our calorie intake? how do they even measure that? and do smarter people or people who think more actively in general burn more? | multiple questions, thought i'd pile them together as they are so similar. - 25-30% of our total calorie intake for the brain seems like a lot - how is that even measured - do thinkers and dreamers burn more calories via the brain than a "stupid mindless person"? - again how is that even measured if research is done on it? - on a brain to calorie% ratio, what animals are in the top with us humans? - what parts of the brain functions spends the most energy? edit: messed up the title, sorry :( | the typical estimate is that your brain uses about 300-400kcal per day (typically around the upper end) which is about 18-20% of an average height man's daily calorie intake. yet the brain is only about 2% of your body weight. it is often erroneously cited that the brain requires these calories in the form of glucose and in turn this is used as justification that you should consume at least 100g of carbohydrates per day (as there are 4kcal per g of carbohydrate). flux in oxygen consumption (masks over people's faces), changes in neural blood flow and pressure have been used to estimate how much more calorie burning is being done while thinking hard. today magnetic resonance spectroscopy (mri) can be used to directly measure oxygen flow/consumption in the brain from there you can directly calculate the amount of respiration and calorie consumption. it turns out that the brain's energy consumption is somewhat constant irrespective of the cognitive load. to my understanding it is changes in the neuron firing patterns and connectivity that represent changes in thinking. it is not simply that increased thinking increase the amount of neuron firing across the board, however this is not my field and perhaps someone with deeper expertise can fill in more details there. to do the experiment about the effects of thinking hard you have someone lie at rest in the mri machine to get baseline data and then you get them to solve hard problems (often arithmetic) while still in the mri machine. to my understanding energy consumption per neuron is not that much different for most animals. what is usually seen as an important measure is the brain-to-body-mass ratio. humans are nowhere near the top here. ants can have 15% of their body mass in their brains. animals which are similar to humans (ratios within the same order of magnitude) are small rodents, small birds, many primates. animals towards the bottom are things like hippos and whales where there brain might be less than a 2000th of their total body weight. i don't know this but from the info above it seems unlikely specific bits of the brain use much more than other bits. i hope someone can infill some more information here citations: _url_0_ _url_2_ _url_1_ _url_3_ | 12 | [] | [] | [
"http://www.pnas.org/content/99/16/10237.full",
"https://www.jci.org/articles/view/103159",
"http://www.pnas.org/content/99/16/10765.abstract?ijkey=5f8fdd472fecb88d021ba4b5967fa732f9090c97&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain-to-body_mass_ratio"
] | [
0.4586457312107086,
-0.7650550603866577,
0.9087518453598022,
2.29364275932312,
0.57123202085495,
-3.81844425201416,
3.5223500728607178,
2.343628406524658,
6.022608280181885,
-0.8517723679542542,
1.6688867807388306,
-1.9999630451202393,
-0.7266318202018738,
-0.3339015245437622,
-2.976534605026245,
-3.5862715244293213,
1.8875175714492798,
-2.9615108966827393,
-4.9220685958862305,
2.0201079845428467,
2.3500566482543945,
1.0139371156692505,
0.9190791845321655,
-1.8259491920471191,
0.872851550579071,
1.6248774528503418,
-1.6521300077438354,
-1.4150207042694092,
-0.7859635949134827,
-1.9203346967697144,
0.38761574029922485,
1.6411250829696655,
0.6268714070320129,
-5.208428859710693,
0.01812642812728882,
0.136698380112648,
-1.9504140615463257,
-0.5761420726776123,
-1.403385877609253,
2.4116718769073486,
1.475260853767395,
-0.05241948366165161,
1.593701958656311,
3.7408299446105957,
2.0492184162139893,
5.304597854614258,
-1.4136584997177124,
-1.2223474979400635,
0.0868714451789856,
1.2457162141799927,
-4.175300121307373,
-0.10772909224033356,
-1.831578016281128,
2.307823419570923,
-2.019364356994629,
0.764528214931488,
-0.9313697814941406,
-4.233341217041016,
-2.8348047733306885,
0.9695786237716675,
-2.814452648162842,
2.8058736324310303,
-1.4745447635650635,
1.0871853828430176,
7.721944332122803,
-0.3592242896556854,
-2.4043664932250977,
-1.0373400449752808,
-0.29247337579727173,
1.7708749771118164,
3.4984171390533447,
-1.068874716758728,
4.142470359802246,
-2.174164295196533,
2.0263917446136475,
-2.4091110229492188,
-0.5819797515869141,
-0.31830063462257385,
0.37455302476882935,
-6.4520463943481445,
0.5860341191291809,
0.752577543258667,
-0.2108146995306015,
-1.560698390007019,
3.8331410884857178,
4.251885414123535,
3.4695091247558594,
2.6689441204071045,
-3.4142205715179443,
2.1152095794677734,
-1.5728507041931152,
-0.6154955625534058,
-2.5722908973693848,
-2.228142738342285,
1.66264808177948,
5.548518657684326,
-2.518042802810669,
-4.3490986824035645,
0.33391475677490234,
-0.7646556496620178,
-3.9367663860321045,
4.159121513366699,
-2.2152442932128906,
2.029301643371582,
-2.6586341857910156,
-4.9505767822265625,
-1.230467677116394,
5.098787784576416,
1.0983755588531494,
2.2778518199920654,
-2.1607298851013184,
-0.6237040758132935,
-0.12002445757389069,
2.094910144805908,
4.32367467880249,
-4.019384384155273,
-1.386561393737793,
-1.774644136428833,
1.669344186782837,
-1.8780499696731567,
-0.18778693675994873,
-3.891153335571289,
-0.26498663425445557,
0.033797457814216614,
2.7996666431427,
-1.5220093727111816,
-1.5829654932022095,
3.1872434616088867,
2.9005112648010254,
-2.7566776275634766,
4.209015369415283,
-2.688779592514038,
-4.105436325073242,
-0.7925211787223816,
-5.191798210144043,
-1.740095853805542,
7.917289733886719,
-0.15578284859657288,
-3.253535032272339,
3.3903839588165283,
5.002435684204102,
7.0343756675720215,
0.9491255283355713,
-2.072474241256714,
-2.053072452545166,
7.441477298736572,
1.6454973220825195,
-4.165468692779541,
1.39578115940094,
-0.3692464232444763,
-2.4266116619110107,
-3.1597137451171875,
2.461212158203125,
-0.8818645477294922,
-2.09920597076416,
-3.361555337905884,
-5.287212371826172,
0.23138664662837982,
-2.8124260902404785,
1.7342087030410767,
-3.734221935272217,
-1.828798770904541,
-4.7709641456604,
1.079694151878357,
5.358550548553467,
2.4596140384674072,
1.4048097133636475,
-0.8821142315864563,
5.675620079040527,
2.217834711074829,
1.0065463781356812,
-3.303079128265381,
-1.4721180200576782,
2.0936872959136963,
1.54450523853302,
-3.161688804626465,
-7.906054973602295,
-1.7773373126983643,
-1.532944917678833,
-0.5116194486618042,
4.585775852203369,
-2.4172425270080566,
3.0092411041259766,
1.795379638671875,
-3.09067440032959,
-3.572951316833496,
0.7872014045715332,
3.3653414249420166,
-1.9497895240783691,
0.4638962745666504,
-2.111517906188965,
0.5363078713417053,
0.4468277394771576,
2.449650287628174,
-2.9033918380737305,
-3.2213172912597656,
-0.16042762994766235,
0.5473653674125671,
-2.8784265518188477,
-1.758265495300293,
0.317573606967926,
-4.690762996673584,
0.5112063884735107,
-1.5741360187530518,
0.7194576263427734,
-1.8316503763198853,
-3.705249309539795,
0.8664016723632812,
3.1122238636016846,
0.6714972853660583,
-1.9791203737258911,
-4.8106536865234375,
3.571934700012207,
1.1221511363983154,
3.743941307067871,
2.3348402976989746,
-4.711042404174805,
-0.75453120470047,
-0.17280271649360657,
0.47293752431869507,
-0.43356558680534363,
-4.266750812530518,
-2.611668348312378,
-3.700733184814453,
-7.903048515319824,
-0.31545308232307434,
-0.5773994326591492,
4.0449934005737305,
0.6886459589004517,
0.6184817552566528,
4.48971700668335,
0.5794556736946106,
3.9485678672790527,
0.827499508857727,
-1.120442271232605,
0.26584240794181824,
-2.3048534393310547,
-0.5849682092666626,
1.2029411792755127,
-2.9385972023010254,
-5.44183874130249,
-1.0173863172531128,
-0.4613165259361267,
-0.41324710845947266,
-2.8880608081817627,
3.2374255657196045,
0.32208412885665894,
0.7103736400604248,
1.8696662187576294,
1.9885854721069336,
-3.53208065032959,
-0.3181699812412262,
-0.2543882131576538,
-1.6033070087432861,
-0.4895936846733093,
-0.8617603182792664,
-2.667696714401245,
-0.4044021964073181,
1.0738656520843506,
-0.17338865995407104,
1.205456018447876,
-1.0628066062927246,
-1.6700576543807983,
-0.6727060675621033,
5.393653392791748,
2.944126605987549,
1.3862378597259521,
-0.908301591873169,
-0.07164952903985977,
-1.60883367061615,
-1.4519959688186646,
-3.1535754203796387,
-1.30452299118042,
1.5192211866378784,
6.424137115478516,
-2.2084598541259766,
-3.8570122718811035,
-1.88067626953125,
-2.64841628074646,
-2.0764591693878174,
3.4149441719055176,
-3.829984664916992,
1.4036850929260254,
-1.0915541648864746,
-1.0567731857299805,
-5.0944695472717285,
-2.4447073936462402,
0.9024990200996399,
-0.20964635908603668,
3.2721681594848633,
2.1917262077331543,
5.166833400726318,
2.1959850788116455,
1.592381238937378,
4.634862899780273,
4.0610809326171875,
3.6382639408111572,
-0.3759324550628662,
-0.12883694469928741,
1.360836148262024,
0.24408453702926636,
-1.3202942609786987,
0.7210043668746948,
0.09788370132446289,
-4.230212688446045,
0.7043245434761047,
2.1709108352661133,
-0.8811160922050476,
2.2441294193267822,
-3.023677110671997,
-4.195296287536621,
-2.760758638381958,
0.16111230850219727,
1.7210900783538818,
-4.882495403289795,
0.05456694960594177,
-2.3859951496124268,
1.3301053047180176,
-0.7093536853790283,
3.124194860458374,
2.176074504852295,
-2.0846426486968994,
3.88987135887146,
5.45105504989624,
1.3066859245300293,
-0.6992728114128113,
4.9815263748168945,
0.29429328441619873,
-1.3545032739639282,
1.520113468170166,
4.787884712219238,
1.1860005855560303,
4.420862197875977,
-0.37302854657173157,
3.7630648612976074,
1.521736979484558,
1.8563084602355957,
-0.5554051995277405,
-3.988297939300537,
-1.9415541887283325,
0.035449765622615814,
1.360418438911438,
1.4404592514038086,
2.076504707336426,
3.5107035636901855,
1.1924843788146973,
1.1561957597732544,
8.08849811553955,
-5.5663604736328125,
-1.6996886730194092,
-0.5397448539733887,
3.826359748840332,
1.9115544557571411,
-0.2587565779685974,
6.949784755706787,
-5.091393947601318,
-1.7665870189666748,
1.9781808853149414,
0.6447128653526306,
0.46044981479644775,
-1.3756695985794067,
-4.370914459228516,
1.8817776441574097,
7.9057111740112305,
-0.5951048135757446,
0.06551826000213623,
-2.644381046295166,
-1.3797721862792969,
1.4582884311676025,
-3.175954580307007,
0.5150337815284729,
5.749168395996094,
2.560427188873291,
-4.22181510925293,
1.6708955764770508,
-0.6614810824394226,
-0.830852746963501,
1.5247695446014404,
-5.893748760223389,
0.2751305103302002,
2.9401607513427734,
3.177666425704956,
1.0510139465332031,
-0.3167814314365387
] |
do electrical systems need a separate ground wire solely because of parasitic elements in the wiring? | i’ve long been curious as to why, in a typical home circuit (with hot, neutral, and ground wires), we can’t just get rid of the ground wire and connect the neutral wire to any non-current carrying conductor. the neutral wire is grounded at the circuit breaker and should be at ground voltage, making it safe to touch. if there’s ever a ground fault, a surge of electricity will go through the neutral wire and the circuit breaker will shut off. based on my web searches this seems to be a very common question, but i’m still a bit confused on what specifically would go wrong in the above scenario (the best reference i’ve found so far is this [thread](_url_0_)). based on some of these resources, here’s my current best guess as to why replacing ground wires with neutral wires is bad (but i’m finding it difficult to confirm): * all wires have some impedance due to parasitic effects. * the ground wire, under normal circumstances, has no current going through it (maybe a little due to em interference, but that can be ignored), so even though it has some resistance, there is no voltage drop across this wire, and everything connected to ground is at the exact same voltage, so there is no risk of shock when touching these non-current carrying conductors. * neutral wires, on the other hand, do carry current through them during normal use (they are the return path when using appliances). this means there is a voltage differential at different points along the neutral wire. the neutral wire is grounded in order to make these voltage differences a bit more stable and predictable, but there will always be some voltage on this line, and if someone makes contact with it (as would be the case if it were attached to non-current carrying conductors), there may be enough of a voltage differential to shock that person. * in other words, using the neutral wire as the ground wire would only be safe if we could guarantee the wires had sufficiently low impedance, which is impractical and much easier to use a separate ground wire which doesn’t normally carry current. is this understanding correct? am i missing any important details? | safety and protection of the equipment is the main reason for grounding. if a neutral wire is broke it can carry full system voltage, if you don't have a good ground, and there is load(resistance). it can also cause a dim and bright effect with your lights where the current bucks and boost between the hot legs 120/240v ac, and wreak havoc on electronics. that being said yes in a perfect world the neutral would suffice. in your panel/outlets your ground and neutral are electrically the same point and at ground potential. | 4 | [] | [
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskEngineers/comments/38ocy1/why_bother_having_a_ground_if_neutral_and_ground/"
] | [] | [
-1.8342006206512451,
0.03975409269332886,
-0.0049074143171310425,
-0.16410738229751587,
0.14726144075393677,
-0.9701640605926514,
1.1564583778381348,
1.3448219299316406,
-0.8807723522186279,
-0.5045309066772461,
0.3506416082382202,
0.5453958511352539,
-0.10747389495372772,
-0.5914637446403503,
0.4630225896835327,
0.045027703046798706,
-0.14885365962982178,
0.19316846132278442,
-0.675406813621521,
0.3171583414077759,
-0.3144044280052185,
-0.3236357867717743,
-0.6312577724456787,
-0.7575018405914307,
-1.4096879959106445,
-0.4268859326839447,
0.7194321155548096,
1.1131422519683838,
0.27589964866638184,
-1.8364506959915161,
0.06723833084106445,
0.4988884925842285,
-0.601917564868927,
0.229507714509964,
-0.07604165375232697,
0.46436557173728943,
0.685825765132904,
-0.7410557270050049,
-1.0913114547729492,
-0.5122682452201843,
-0.70827716588974,
-0.814052939414978,
-0.08886784315109253,
0.35136502981185913,
0.5570706129074097,
1.3819000720977783,
0.9980653524398804,
-0.599230945110321,
0.16592982411384583,
-1.0644336938858032,
1.591245412826538,
1.1353557109832764,
0.9250717163085938,
-0.25322437286376953,
-0.1323671042919159,
0.17779934406280518,
0.7224567532539368,
-0.34536296129226685,
-1.2214057445526123,
-0.9082911014556885,
1.3157272338867188,
-0.7137488126754761,
-0.39574599266052246,
0.2970649302005768,
2.4582576751708984,
-0.5790504217147827,
0.19709353148937225,
0.08456702530384064,
-0.5950433015823364,
1.1398147344589233,
-0.2720939517021179,
-0.6000252366065979,
-1.494012713432312,
-1.6420232057571411,
2.0731358528137207,
1.643330454826355,
-0.45460087060928345,
0.14208769798278809,
1.4979681968688965,
0.07298586517572403,
0.9563980102539062,
-0.6426794528961182,
-1.0275697708129883,
-0.7670179605484009,
0.41402360796928406,
0.6635540723800659,
1.324332594871521,
0.1290241777896881,
-0.8400052785873413,
-0.37289947271347046,
-1.0655053853988647,
0.6815580129623413,
-0.499004989862442,
0.6378103494644165,
0.004592910408973694,
0.8477509617805481,
-0.1075146496295929,
-2.451561450958252,
-1.0005325078964233,
0.3785472810268402,
0.27341875433921814,
-0.11174580454826355,
-3.6343016624450684,
0.30908745527267456,
-1.6198810338974,
-0.0690816342830658,
0.8396922945976257,
1.2810604572296143,
0.32993650436401367,
-0.14407268166542053,
0.6720939874649048,
-0.5491614937782288,
0.37041357159614563,
-0.32974958419799805,
0.35757315158843994,
-0.38504230976104736,
-0.9124313592910767,
-0.0010556131601333618,
-0.5774543285369873,
-1.7948570251464844,
-0.9982281923294067,
-0.6185783743858337,
-0.2864191234111786,
0.1414453685283661,
0.6402758955955505,
-0.44798964262008667,
0.7071555256843567,
1.3596539497375488,
-0.8516780138015747,
0.9631619453430176,
-0.2626248598098755,
-0.9943130016326904,
0.826274573802948,
0.2575991749763489,
-0.7108285427093506,
1.8661597967147827,
0.5151301622390747,
0.5003447532653809,
-0.8069652318954468,
0.41280439496040344,
0.3110935688018799,
2.0640902519226074,
1.1471037864685059,
-0.5751807689666748,
-0.05826597660779953,
-0.10207892954349518,
-0.15602833032608032,
-0.5718815922737122,
0.05964365601539612,
-0.9488369226455688,
0.23366369307041168,
0.009857533499598503,
1.6581394672393799,
0.4597589373588562,
-0.3565146028995514,
0.7046158313751221,
0.21466772258281708,
0.197804793715477,
0.7146316766738892,
0.7238072156906128,
-0.2396392822265625,
1.1565700769424438,
-0.3659535348415375,
1.8164076805114746,
-0.6946557760238647,
0.20533809065818787,
-0.26006054878234863,
-0.40095606446266174,
-0.5190070271492004,
-0.054222770035266876,
-0.03413891792297363,
0.16982465982437134,
1.5278019905090332,
-1.8452575206756592,
0.11262905597686768,
-0.7652648687362671,
-2.555546998977661,
1.3611493110656738,
-1.2415202856063843,
1.6373640298843384,
-0.36893004179000854,
-0.025276705622673035,
1.2992122173309326,
-0.12542136013507843,
-0.764286994934082,
0.5497323274612427,
0.28040915727615356,
-0.025180429220199585,
-1.4367111921310425,
0.36388126015663147,
-0.9495813846588135,
-0.6223863959312439,
-1.183190107345581,
0.997443437576294,
0.663241982460022,
-0.7530311346054077,
-1.3965033292770386,
0.6586560010910034,
-1.0358357429504395,
-1.053904414176941,
-0.03421776741743088,
-0.5416696667671204,
-0.9311424493789673,
-0.23491907119750977,
-0.7756213545799255,
0.6681036353111267,
1.6416962146759033,
-1.5166630744934082,
-1.8558928966522217,
0.027336105704307556,
-0.27285152673721313,
-1.2267608642578125,
0.44746217131614685,
-0.7730002999305725,
-0.04516935348510742,
-0.15975145995616913,
-0.46427398920059204,
0.2755027711391449,
0.2887789309024811,
0.09058894217014313,
0.2604180574417114,
0.07615348696708679,
0.6091539859771729,
-1.7344053983688354,
0.5246977806091309,
0.9281631708145142,
-0.8921179175376892,
1.6264755725860596,
0.12302367389202118,
0.6361461877822876,
0.6540032625198364,
-0.8301747441291809,
0.28457707166671753,
2.190133810043335,
0.4372432827949524,
0.4216482639312744,
-1.2624669075012207,
1.0487778186798096,
0.21188756823539734,
-1.2926065921783447,
-1.4752739667892456,
0.07627549767494202,
-0.37149542570114136,
0.43363940715789795,
1.3563616275787354,
1.1645700931549072,
-0.22744448482990265,
0.5492006540298462,
0.9072998762130737,
1.0182902812957764,
-1.1241412162780762,
-0.22022311389446259,
-0.7139058113098145,
1.517410159111023,
0.05191671848297119,
0.829982578754425,
-0.9610525369644165,
0.3783714175224304,
-0.44118401408195496,
-0.29168471693992615,
0.7598989009857178,
0.3595944046974182,
-0.8818188309669495,
-1.4116342067718506,
1.337976098060608,
1.5251277685165405,
1.3455002307891846,
1.4383286237716675,
-0.6499674320220947,
-1.6456713676452637,
0.10572037100791931,
-0.7811071872711182,
0.3471934199333191,
0.2825547754764557,
1.3019882440567017,
-1.46525239944458,
0.46754345297813416,
0.9024001359939575,
-0.6255961656570435,
0.5201871991157532,
-0.5629065632820129,
-0.3541054129600525,
-0.6144507527351379,
0.8427761793136597,
1.5729026794433594,
-1.0055946111679077,
0.20300167798995972,
-1.0801283121109009,
0.1958625316619873,
-1.358803391456604,
0.4306773841381073,
1.8022010326385498,
1.4907177686691284,
0.9391017556190491,
1.0181748867034912,
1.057248830795288,
1.7097194194793701,
-0.5870493650436401,
-1.0668387413024902,
-0.3582744002342224,
0.6876115798950195,
0.9195719957351685,
0.03213602304458618,
0.5609317421913147,
-0.7381360530853271,
0.08112799376249313,
0.3477117419242859,
0.2622195780277252,
1.0300174951553345,
-0.7007598876953125,
-0.23634964227676392,
-0.5669956207275391,
0.5235245227813721,
-0.4793524146080017,
-1.550786018371582,
1.002895712852478,
-0.8659555315971375,
0.5294021964073181,
-0.7143910527229309,
0.21552103757858276,
-0.3267807960510254,
0.8484541177749634,
0.01753653585910797,
-0.09547095745801926,
-0.007713437080383301,
0.828747034072876,
0.15187528729438782,
-1.3090683221817017,
0.030977532267570496,
-0.17461428046226501,
0.6540664434432983,
0.2999841570854187,
0.9227033853530884,
0.06699919700622559,
1.4772056341171265,
1.7693244218826294,
-0.9068357348442078,
0.3938539922237396,
-1.5061545372009277,
0.37538942694664,
-1.4551759958267212,
0.8358063101768494,
0.5545326471328735,
1.621525526046753,
0.23685434460639954,
-0.046908408403396606,
1.2555828094482422,
-0.89055335521698,
-0.6213562488555908,
0.2946091592311859,
-0.9180669784545898,
0.1613122671842575,
1.2705780267715454,
0.48635953664779663,
1.2676992416381836,
0.12489795684814453,
-0.09264656901359558,
0.47025418281555176,
0.5227619409561157,
0.19086390733718872,
-1.0688047409057617,
-0.6437215209007263,
-1.0064936876296997,
0.8687684535980225,
-0.8493862748146057,
0.9268029928207397,
-0.7802655696868896,
-0.8969975113868713,
-2.343099355697632,
0.9899275302886963,
0.5317932367324829,
0.5828152298927307,
0.23008541762828827,
-0.5957682728767395,
0.09005965292453766,
-1.2386351823806763,
-0.9331074953079224,
0.8037786483764648,
-2.298171043395996,
-0.5050022602081299,
-0.5110037326812744,
-0.010998591780662537,
1.0990831851959229,
0.4856294095516205
] |
how do our brains "calculate" how much force to apply when throwing a ball at a target? for example when playing beer pong. | [it doesn’t](_url_0_). instead your brain learns from trial and error that specific actions will cause the ball to go a specific distance. practice makes perfect. | 17 | [] | [] | [
"https://biology.stackexchange.com/questions/3095/how-does-the-brain-instinctively-know-the-math-behind-newtonian-physics"
] | [
0.6060726046562195,
0.6191486120223999,
-0.11656887829303741,
-0.8726446032524109,
-0.03518795967102051,
-0.04445355385541916,
0.09365186095237732,
-0.18114350736141205,
-0.03837311267852783,
-0.11435448378324509,
0.6191396117210388,
0.23783600330352783,
0.23009344935417175,
0.662528395652771,
0.43488267064094543,
-0.5110566020011902,
0.4241110682487488,
-0.02732841856777668,
-0.6472327709197998,
-0.4625847339630127,
-0.2562928795814514,
-0.13671685755252838,
0.09727427363395691,
0.06961973011493683,
-1.062287449836731,
0.27881920337677,
-0.22635962069034576,
-0.10297739505767822,
0.11395685374736786,
-0.7170851826667786,
-0.34583091735839844,
0.10458020120859146,
-0.45361170172691345,
-0.7093974351882935,
-0.007837116718292236,
0.39438048005104065,
-0.9665071964263916,
-0.23550565540790558,
-0.1377788782119751,
0.32308754324913025,
-0.17052525281906128,
0.06548648327589035,
0.14654214680194855,
0.4661937654018402,
0.2359359711408615,
0.483442485332489,
-0.5097236037254333,
0.16856718063354492,
0.15013355016708374,
0.08003649115562439,
-0.799628734588623,
0.28367185592651367,
-0.3603067100048065,
-0.12652792036533356,
-0.3311540186405182,
0.6390860080718994,
0.007098514586687088,
0.17332907021045685,
-0.6640291213989258,
0.02712203562259674,
0.45292186737060547,
0.12058435380458832,
-1.0473921298980713,
0.1536550372838974,
-0.28824031352996826,
-0.17271214723587036,
-0.2386869192123413,
-0.1409197896718979,
0.20099425315856934,
0.46599507331848145,
-0.3013392388820648,
0.3640473186969757,
-0.2706735134124756,
0.632105827331543,
0.3928084373474121,
0.12415837496519089,
-0.4846816956996918,
0.24395623803138733,
-0.045173801481723785,
-0.3058209717273712,
-0.08372753858566284,
-0.4356647729873657,
-0.45119917392730713,
0.38011735677719116,
0.18501494824886322,
-0.06182114779949188,
0.03143935650587082,
0.5353683829307556,
0.23282817006111145,
-0.19033771753311157,
-0.27943673729896545,
-0.31697210669517517,
-0.8580935597419739,
-0.18279381096363068,
0.39591526985168457,
0.7130532264709473,
-0.2786656618118286,
-0.10591110587120056,
-0.011094614863395691,
0.32153868675231934,
-0.41068923473358154,
-0.11852259933948517,
-0.4450732469558716,
0.004210561513900757,
0.13263745605945587,
-0.18157371878623962,
-0.48125264048576355,
-0.28829628229141235,
0.6705585718154907,
0.7293263673782349,
-0.2611289918422699,
0.09802759438753128,
0.14375418424606323,
0.1455426961183548,
-0.47042620182037354,
0.6036423444747925,
-0.2999897599220276,
-0.1191788911819458,
0.22622990608215332,
0.23450054228305817,
0.3726138770580292,
-0.17294180393218994,
0.08401980996131897,
-0.08487632870674133,
-0.03440692275762558,
-0.5602822303771973,
0.13902071118354797,
0.4228590726852417,
0.18240267038345337,
-0.2975660264492035,
0.25019973516464233,
-0.3550715148448944,
0.054753877222537994,
-0.1423720419406891,
-0.363652765750885,
-0.12857264280319214,
0.7456709742546082,
0.12267294526100159,
-0.2626652717590332,
-0.16253690421581268,
0.4214116036891937,
0.06494219601154327,
0.5483935475349426,
0.25640976428985596,
-0.4640682339668274,
0.5841164588928223,
-0.33501577377319336,
0.3484068512916565,
0.6248441338539124,
-0.8399802446365356,
-0.0908774733543396,
0.07747538387775421,
0.32331737875938416,
-0.1341303586959839,
0.07795324921607971,
-0.1328892558813095,
0.2077670693397522,
0.2378006875514984,
0.29260683059692383,
-0.6323007941246033,
-1.3024637699127197,
-0.019375070929527283,
0.4437965154647827,
0.284064382314682,
0.544100284576416,
0.28969672322273254,
0.5329621434211731,
-0.26260578632354736,
-1.2929877042770386,
-0.4284132122993469,
0.06897664815187454,
-0.6115144491195679,
0.06573829054832458,
-0.4546339511871338,
-0.21579588949680328,
-0.1702551543712616,
-0.7477399706840515,
-0.0736405998468399,
0.08859860897064209,
-0.04207949340343475,
1.1010797023773193,
0.018230333924293518,
-0.0002320706844329834,
0.6207804679870605,
0.07351428270339966,
0.6661283373832703,
-0.21728914976119995,
0.2344321310520172,
0.8596045970916748,
0.18655800819396973,
-0.15076914429664612,
0.046874433755874634,
0.25848257541656494,
0.08256341516971588,
-0.24792271852493286,
0.23143655061721802,
1.0074902772903442,
-0.44363993406295776,
0.32561972737312317,
0.5255652666091919,
-0.52797931432724,
-0.5825163125991821,
0.1621091067790985,
-1.1955773830413818,
-0.08148489892482758,
-0.0617709644138813,
0.1736607402563095,
-0.6222075819969177,
0.3693743646144867,
0.18355736136436462,
-0.8038985729217529,
-0.7797653079032898,
0.028036147356033325,
-0.10768144577741623,
0.24467739462852478,
-0.28606629371643066,
-1.2078237533569336,
0.27458760142326355,
-0.46641862392425537,
0.31683769822120667,
-0.8438562154769897,
0.4272732436656952,
-0.13406112790107727,
-0.8987802267074585,
-0.024177759885787964,
0.3894973695278168,
0.08175207674503326,
0.4238860011100769,
0.013841092586517334,
0.5108294486999512,
0.891753613948822,
0.2148846685886383,
0.3454257845878601,
0.7226235866546631,
-0.8032541275024414,
-0.04541018605232239,
0.3249906897544861,
0.327284574508667,
-0.409152090549469,
-0.17762231826782227,
-0.20516395568847656,
0.19950523972511292,
0.19156916439533234,
0.8144125938415527,
-0.05391824245452881,
0.049342140555381775,
-0.15825839340686798,
0.2906513810157776,
0.12365256249904633,
0.5833877325057983,
-0.2175201177597046,
0.16086231172084808,
-0.4191039800643921,
-0.3826025128364563,
0.14212968945503235,
0.24589714407920837,
-0.9040414094924927,
-0.29152974486351013,
-0.13356536626815796,
-0.019602134823799133,
0.3538055419921875,
0.15689390897750854,
0.33559080958366394,
-0.25049489736557007,
0.7432806491851807,
0.08108825236558914,
0.10524187982082367,
0.07460802793502808,
0.06893537938594818,
-0.2581927180290222,
-0.01797720044851303,
-0.6537145376205444,
-0.2863057851791382,
-0.092914879322052,
0.3598998188972473,
0.4849996566772461,
-0.6133546233177185,
-0.19730880856513977,
0.1866922676563263,
-0.1269906461238861,
-0.5251005291938782,
-0.8036678433418274,
-0.3552910089492798,
0.1604929119348526,
-0.09885939955711365,
-0.013441387563943863,
-0.49206244945526123,
0.07241401076316833,
0.7727142572402954,
0.3556712865829468,
-0.40654534101486206,
1.3438788652420044,
-0.019530296325683594,
0.2148134410381317,
-0.5192824006080627,
1.1495243310928345,
-0.357980340719223,
-0.28128305077552795,
0.25678086280822754,
0.3849104642868042,
0.10449832677841187,
0.010825932025909424,
-0.9111376404762268,
0.7105915546417236,
-0.1421389877796173,
-0.10411089658737183,
0.3124126195907593,
0.021832793951034546,
0.2548481822013855,
0.39175042510032654,
-0.22090154886245728,
-0.3829953670501709,
0.13270315527915955,
0.3286077678203583,
-0.42099034786224365,
0.6344625949859619,
-0.15269272029399872,
-0.030937690287828445,
-0.0981011688709259,
-0.11871626228094101,
-0.13854876160621643,
-0.012832697480916977,
0.3798310458660126,
0.3083644509315491,
-0.2112247347831726,
-0.0362502783536911,
0.15040719509124756,
-0.34200698137283325,
-0.16488555073738098,
0.18862920999526978,
-0.36553966999053955,
0.04716651514172554,
0.5481967329978943,
0.22022289037704468,
0.4400485157966614,
0.05692319571971893,
-0.19940784573554993,
0.5645449161529541,
-0.14863371849060059,
0.5629228949546814,
0.16729804873466492,
-0.19009201228618622,
0.03941350430250168,
0.6034505367279053,
0.10126617550849915,
-0.647718071937561,
-0.049316078424453735,
0.09055174142122269,
-0.4641399085521698,
-0.5719015002250671,
0.15374484658241272,
0.5537528991699219,
0.2570924162864685,
0.6429678797721863,
0.3132550120353699,
-0.7740797996520996,
0.09230083227157593,
0.14383158087730408,
0.4060002267360687,
-0.08481583744287491,
-0.1216723769903183,
0.0416908860206604,
-0.36631280183792114,
0.25425833463668823,
-0.17283833026885986,
0.10239733755588531,
0.39140021800994873,
-1.079262375831604,
-0.2721596956253052,
0.30495211482048035,
0.20182538032531738,
0.6376013159751892,
0.20797079801559448,
-0.21918387711048126,
0.851822018623352,
0.20401787757873535,
0.42136579751968384,
-0.48906049132347107,
-0.3176841139793396,
0.3833000659942627,
-0.03582605719566345,
0.91819167137146,
0.43924903869628906,
0.3122595548629761
] |
|
do manufacturing efficiencies gained through technology threaten capitalistic economies? | i'm not sure what this means, but under standard two factor solow growth model that incorporates capital and labor in addition to technological growth, technological growth is the only thing that can change the long term equilibrium growth rate. so there exists theoretical justification that technological growth is the very opposite of a threat to an economy. | 7 | [] | [] | [] | [
-1.0288655757904053,
0.17967922985553741,
0.47544175386428833,
0.28115588426589966,
1.4738521575927734,
1.0204180479049683,
-0.39860033988952637,
0.7843871116638184,
0.2418859899044037,
-0.2063247561454773,
1.2306790351867676,
1.1705033779144287,
0.5548905730247498,
-0.740064263343811,
-0.01642739772796631,
-0.2879621982574463,
-0.8354597091674805,
-0.2739808261394501,
-0.538686990737915,
-0.3094140887260437,
1.0562825202941895,
-1.1684986352920532,
0.6297461986541748,
-1.2144567966461182,
0.2716231644153595,
-0.15203946828842163,
0.32005247473716736,
-0.0820428729057312,
0.9955824613571167,
0.48110511898994446,
-0.23486381769180298,
1.3004966974258423,
0.15770062804222107,
-0.38963499665260315,
0.5832843780517578,
-0.020740985870361328,
0.689313530921936,
-0.12252962589263916,
-0.38827940821647644,
0.7244062423706055,
0.23292753100395203,
-0.6483797430992126,
-1.0320026874542236,
-0.2679155766963959,
-0.6572296023368835,
-0.008349239826202393,
0.9663973450660706,
-0.029471874237060547,
-0.6321381330490112,
-1.3293845653533936,
-0.0652121752500534,
-0.5562331080436707,
-0.49732422828674316,
0.15624761581420898,
0.8020376563072205,
-0.16404199600219727,
-0.06373865902423859,
0.04585305601358414,
0.5068161487579346,
0.21986204385757446,
0.24245169758796692,
-0.2857256531715393,
-0.4234391450881958,
-0.37483516335487366,
2.539625644683838,
-0.38418304920196533,
0.010014839470386505,
-0.17168819904327393,
-1.377673625946045,
1.294845700263977,
1.0297038555145264,
-0.5805715322494507,
-0.4873262643814087,
-0.5566715002059937,
0.1400587260723114,
-0.5069709420204163,
0.3170618414878845,
1.868018627166748,
1.317324161529541,
0.3535020351409912,
-0.3076011538505554,
-0.3233315050601959,
-0.8097244501113892,
-0.9619672298431396,
-1.3794434070587158,
0.312967985868454,
-0.3812500536441803,
-0.012334749102592468,
0.7567046880722046,
-0.929243266582489,
-0.3988005220890045,
-0.47875404357910156,
-0.6218560934066772,
0.507787823677063,
0.5354277491569519,
-0.03556546941399574,
-1.0353909730911255,
-0.9909631013870239,
-0.20815888047218323,
-0.3124766945838928,
-0.16513760387897491,
0.23996847867965698,
-0.15658316016197205,
1.0073082447052002,
-0.10942871868610382,
0.08542367815971375,
-0.7464767694473267,
0.9291318655014038,
0.28200024366378784,
0.17407798767089844,
-0.6911540031433105,
-0.2605835795402527,
0.45178869366645813,
0.240181103348732,
-0.37148717045783997,
-0.02744176983833313,
0.9663041830062866,
-0.2632923126220703,
-0.3496978282928467,
-1.185821533203125,
-0.04805626720190048,
0.3518267571926117,
0.3563491702079773,
-0.3226524293422699,
-1.0146676301956177,
-0.7434583902359009,
-1.1716068983078003,
0.2356846034526825,
-0.13693863153457642,
0.8150976896286011,
-0.050778865814208984,
-0.7561280727386475,
-0.36884045600891113,
-0.3637855648994446,
-0.3267064392566681,
-0.6936490535736084,
0.42804133892059326,
-0.3517093062400818,
-1.136857509613037,
0.7747730016708374,
-0.5791898965835571,
0.5559499859809875,
0.6301223039627075,
-0.07387256622314453,
-0.1681368350982666,
1.131485939025879,
1.6495118141174316,
0.46992170810699463,
0.2947871685028076,
-0.562989354133606,
-0.07675628364086151,
-1.3362038135528564,
0.14041942358016968,
-0.6413296461105347,
0.10926750302314758,
-1.0334116220474243,
0.716490626335144,
-0.09519082307815552,
0.22487011551856995,
1.656701683998108,
-0.29752135276794434,
0.06683406978845596,
-0.8195973634719849,
-0.40994447469711304,
-0.4674321413040161,
-0.07147887349128723,
-0.36587387323379517,
-0.09617193043231964,
-0.26191404461860657,
0.38404446840286255,
-0.7149472832679749,
0.388152539730072,
0.5942100286483765,
-0.6323503255844116,
1.246917486190796,
-1.18413507938385,
-0.5702655911445618,
-0.8967705368995667,
-0.46236318349838257,
0.47291943430900574,
0.5662333965301514,
-1.7807326316833496,
-0.1795169711112976,
-0.5055336952209473,
0.47065919637680054,
-0.6970968246459961,
-0.11395587772130966,
-0.32278501987457275,
-0.6354227662086487,
-0.5019705295562744,
-0.8311859369277954,
0.9971283674240112,
0.1439433991909027,
1.5635474920272827,
0.07775169610977173,
-0.5010188817977905,
-0.12434312701225281,
0.2896455228328705,
0.625710129737854,
-1.0562034845352173,
0.34625357389450073,
-0.03180581331253052,
0.045359447598457336,
0.4490750730037689,
0.2840181589126587,
0.5587410926818848,
-0.4230029582977295,
0.33430373668670654,
-1.4861828088760376,
-0.22724124789237976,
-0.7989085912704468,
-0.7869088649749756,
0.23100122809410095,
0.11973750591278076,
-0.5032325387001038,
0.9725664854049683,
0.04099086672067642,
-0.5196831822395325,
-0.1904507428407669,
-0.1944088339805603,
-0.885113000869751,
0.5199058055877686,
0.15762116014957428,
0.23850949108600616,
-0.5777913331985474,
-0.4103010296821594,
-0.9788020253181458,
0.2959759831428528,
0.12263509631156921,
1.0294408798217773,
0.48652172088623047,
-0.9351210594177246,
0.3900558054447174,
0.4427470862865448,
0.5572794079780579,
0.25445646047592163,
-0.8258731365203857,
0.9970179200172424,
-0.7991041541099548,
-0.5006263256072998,
0.4177158772945404,
0.7706630825996399,
0.11977321654558182,
0.30654376745224,
-0.1888870894908905,
-0.5790295600891113,
-1.1254663467407227,
0.6199575662612915,
0.3746516704559326,
-0.3976690173149109,
-1.8744275569915771,
0.2568950951099396,
-0.1897367537021637,
-0.4228537082672119,
0.4697076380252838,
0.8186053037643433,
0.1753823161125183,
0.06377564370632172,
-0.1804654747247696,
1.2568778991699219,
0.10699190199375153,
-0.40978649258613586,
0.196705162525177,
-0.5247588753700256,
0.4031946659088135,
-0.24146734178066254,
0.13024872541427612,
-0.23304076492786407,
0.3977245092391968,
0.15598469972610474,
1.131028175354004,
-0.3678308129310608,
0.32559841871261597,
-0.06816838681697845,
0.5613172054290771,
1.3932548761367798,
-0.30654552578926086,
-0.8366411924362183,
-0.8862426280975342,
0.2009141445159912,
-0.10872949659824371,
-0.3169514536857605,
-0.5018129348754883,
0.9109552502632141,
0.30841097235679626,
-0.08187828212976456,
0.22657722234725952,
-0.09252527356147766,
-0.4283982813358307,
0.5932052731513977,
0.8637672662734985,
0.8565845489501953,
1.2095792293548584,
-0.3798747658729553,
0.4215811491012573,
1.326227068901062,
-0.1640324592590332,
-0.14247506856918335,
-0.8527407646179199,
-0.49657315015792847,
0.8844717741012573,
0.282681941986084,
0.8582215905189514,
-1.2330167293548584,
-0.5166441798210144,
-0.11784949898719788,
1.079310655593872,
-0.6582003831863403,
-0.326568067073822,
-0.4250381588935852,
0.2858741283416748,
0.2202829122543335,
0.07937946170568466,
-0.18571224808692932,
-1.2145439386367798,
-0.044920653104782104,
-0.1638035774230957,
-0.2486548125743866,
0.11023076623678207,
0.7693586349487305,
0.5188656449317932,
0.7949345111846924,
0.7667275667190552,
0.07098972797393799,
0.048466265201568604,
-0.9891557097434998,
-0.1372450888156891,
-0.6920236349105835,
0.5642365217208862,
0.2752835750579834,
-0.9685566425323486,
0.7330867052078247,
0.41280871629714966,
0.9497050046920776,
0.0986274927854538,
0.9225616455078125,
-0.2929099202156067,
-0.3448587954044342,
-0.041832610964775085,
-0.3368322253227234,
0.6740471124649048,
-0.28080058097839355,
0.3060768246650696,
1.305053949356079,
-0.33443978428840637,
-0.6175978183746338,
-0.2252649962902069,
0.2331390529870987,
-0.3044740855693817,
0.612075924873352,
1.0076920986175537,
0.17337822914123535,
-0.4783039093017578,
0.01881873607635498,
0.12555737793445587,
-0.9125335812568665,
0.6323096752166748,
0.37974780797958374,
-1.2115751504898071,
-0.015224084258079529,
-0.10733781009912491,
0.2712334096431732,
0.15423321723937988,
0.713391900062561,
0.01914064586162567,
0.9010125398635864,
-0.99107825756073,
-1.0702853202819824,
-0.18722252547740936,
0.2446090281009674,
1.048469066619873,
0.3154391050338745,
0.18947842717170715,
-0.8225702047348022,
0.5577352643013,
-0.35236626863479614,
-0.810660719871521,
-0.6495561003684998,
-0.7030471563339233,
-0.2803279161453247,
-0.3057423532009125,
-0.14454080164432526,
1.544095516204834,
0.4965890645980835
] |
|
during a collision, how much damage is caused by organs impacting each other? | i remember reading a long time ago that during a car accident there are 3 collisions. 1) where one car hits another, 2) where a person's body in the car hits the interior of the car (steering wheel, dashboard, etc) and 3) where the person's organs begin to hit each other. how much damage is caused by the 3rd collision? | not quite hitting each other, but rather the relative motion of organs and vessels in relation to each other - when organs suddenly "stop" moving during a mvc. the best example is the heart and the aorta (the large blood vessel that carries blood leaving the heart to the body): in a motor vehicle collision, the car typically stops quickly (e.g. when it hits a pole). the person in the vehicle keeps moving forward, until the seat belt and/or airbag stops them. however, their internal organs keep moving forward until something stops them in turn. for many organs, this isn't a large source of injury. but when the heart has a sudden, large change in momentum, the vessels that are anchored to it can be damaged - most notably the aorta - due to the shear stress. the injury doesn't completely severe this vessel - it doesn't need to. even a small injury through part of the wall of this vessel can stop blood flow out of the heart (this is called an aortic dissection). not an uncommon cause of sudden death during an mvc. | 2 | [] | [] | [] | [
-0.7877123355865479,
1.735884666442871,
1.710557460784912,
-0.5924442410469055,
-0.5700057744979858,
-0.7222700715065002,
2.0563344955444336,
2.6724464893341064,
3.199204921722412,
0.8046426177024841,
2.2631783485412598,
1.527355670928955,
-1.3072611093521118,
1.1655032634735107,
-1.4721206426620483,
-1.555435299873352,
-1.7124595642089844,
0.06085413694381714,
-3.463649272918701,
2.740023136138916,
0.038099441677331924,
3.7274022102355957,
0.009563326835632324,
-0.11468643695116043,
-2.700371503829956,
1.11365807056427,
-0.5520791411399841,
0.009913712739944458,
1.2775987386703491,
0.21592122316360474,
0.21388593316078186,
-1.9761873483657837,
-1.5332692861557007,
-1.0384869575500488,
0.6514419317245483,
0.8098146915435791,
-1.3168123960494995,
1.040839433670044,
-1.4873576164245605,
-0.5078417658805847,
-0.1295987218618393,
-2.186990737915039,
-1.8844801187515259,
2.0221972465515137,
1.5653388500213623,
3.1516048908233643,
1.649836540222168,
0.6556675434112549,
1.0501980781555176,
0.7839690446853638,
-3.7501718997955322,
0.07504884153604507,
-0.5657367706298828,
1.423269510269165,
0.04328763112425804,
1.6047629117965698,
0.36397504806518555,
0.9710318446159363,
-0.14122319221496582,
-1.0189323425292969,
0.7002250552177429,
1.3384666442871094,
-1.4466934204101562,
2.4806394577026367,
1.4017306566238403,
-0.8171337842941284,
1.2778756618499756,
0.3427756130695343,
-0.9482764005661011,
3.257075548171997,
3.8711068630218506,
-0.27634838223457336,
-0.7178783416748047,
-0.3332221806049347,
0.15266567468643188,
-0.7003649473190308,
-1.1651033163070679,
-0.1215764582157135,
-0.22517871856689453,
1.1400917768478394,
0.06985682249069214,
-1.0984300374984741,
-3.181973695755005,
-1.2149507999420166,
-1.1508461236953735,
2.6733903884887695,
-0.29420703649520874,
0.19305340945720673,
-1.101757287979126,
0.6951690316200256,
-3.104639768600464,
-0.9464170932769775,
3.5379652976989746,
-0.5674008727073669,
1.2758876085281372,
1.500596284866333,
-1.5068618059158325,
-0.18314731121063232,
-0.1918301284313202,
0.38492393493652344,
-0.37548476457595825,
2.788431406021118,
-2.176783800125122,
1.8261144161224365,
1.0136655569076538,
0.8515579104423523,
0.5385713577270508,
-0.40535974502563477,
-1.164423942565918,
-0.7496068477630615,
-0.37782302498817444,
0.12530624866485596,
0.8423935174942017,
-0.2734955847263336,
-2.53460955619812,
2.796787738800049,
-1.5647186040878296,
0.9697301387786865,
-2.4936838150024414,
-0.9232231378555298,
-0.8006640672683716,
-4.031302452087402,
-1.435441255569458,
-1.2933310270309448,
1.5059733390808105,
-3.621504545211792,
0.20105117559432983,
0.9859306812286377,
0.22014763951301575,
-3.6143226623535156,
1.499127745628357,
-1.2664090394973755,
-0.24517688155174255,
-1.7642335891723633,
-2.0273678302764893,
0.29595381021499634,
2.15769362449646,
0.6228331327438354,
-2.65932559967041,
-0.5731675028800964,
1.7323777675628662,
-0.9152883887290955,
-1.8031002283096313,
-1.6644165515899658,
-1.6206027269363403,
1.3835407495498657,
-0.9307093024253845,
-2.5195250511169434,
1.1279077529907227,
-1.65308678150177,
-1.2682169675827026,
-1.5744000673294067,
1.3008484840393066,
0.9668047428131104,
-2.4550676345825195,
-1.1809383630752563,
0.037667155265808105,
1.7050833702087402,
-1.9093098640441895,
1.0941734313964844,
-1.4476878643035889,
0.47240257263183594,
-0.2836742401123047,
2.7241270542144775,
0.8891063928604126,
1.218209981918335,
-0.5358445644378662,
-2.241527557373047,
-0.491780549287796,
-1.154913067817688,
-2.8039450645446777,
0.9928285479545593,
0.03877122700214386,
-2.128765344619751,
-0.10250097513198853,
1.1607239246368408,
-2.9369988441467285,
-1.1537842750549316,
2.648216724395752,
1.5860552787780762,
0.5959398746490479,
-0.7231190800666809,
1.3989452123641968,
0.9900150299072266,
0.29863888025283813,
0.6508804559707642,
-0.9718354940414429,
0.6083539724349976,
1.241163969039917,
-0.023287862539291382,
2.147585153579712,
1.0149542093276978,
0.43619590997695923,
1.8681440353393555,
0.35476920008659363,
-0.036706604063510895,
-0.6403641700744629,
-0.5581897497177124,
0.21121686697006226,
0.0897018313407898,
-1.3862600326538086,
-1.6282196044921875,
-0.7123964428901672,
-0.3961215913295746,
-0.5259541273117065,
0.4611551761627197,
-1.5501854419708252,
-2.096871852874756,
-2.538496971130371,
-0.5307248830795288,
0.07626496255397797,
-0.02915142849087715,
2.907872438430786,
0.889529824256897,
1.4422354698181152,
-1.8714491128921509,
-2.5473134517669678,
0.2266378253698349,
0.953451931476593,
-0.8820642232894897,
0.7882287502288818,
0.4478931725025177,
2.6739501953125,
-3.7775864601135254,
1.6433366537094116,
-1.3403093814849854,
-0.6091316342353821,
1.3669259548187256,
-0.6372273564338684,
0.7726333141326904,
0.9464611411094666,
1.0639811754226685,
-1.287636160850525,
-0.10438735783100128,
-0.21945402026176453,
-1.4155476093292236,
-2.1197593212127686,
1.9756351709365845,
2.0658371448516846,
-2.211725950241089,
0.9342845678329468,
-1.235509991645813,
-1.1876119375228882,
1.1854240894317627,
2.3190083503723145,
-1.3199474811553955,
0.23590782284736633,
0.892726719379425,
0.6956449747085571,
2.4076240062713623,
-2.5176172256469727,
0.3265548348426819,
-3.3343706130981445,
1.4450799226760864,
-1.9112449884414673,
0.921963095664978,
-0.5866637229919434,
-0.24783220887184143,
-2.0045790672302246,
0.5045366287231445,
-0.834778904914856,
1.9101958274841309,
0.24210774898529053,
-3.1360788345336914,
1.853301763534546,
2.792677879333496,
2.5905416011810303,
2.814042568206787,
-2.0454938411712646,
-0.9567446112632751,
1.6940847635269165,
-2.128235340118408,
0.654883861541748,
-0.5898785591125488,
0.17410045862197876,
-0.20586663484573364,
0.3845292031764984,
1.765921950340271,
0.9063441157341003,
3.7646360397338867,
-0.44246017932891846,
-3.7489559650421143,
-2.3069748878479004,
-0.11967617273330688,
1.6198842525482178,
-0.9842124581336975,
-0.42146289348602295,
-1.8897135257720947,
2.3141376972198486,
0.48873084783554077,
-1.2070046663284302,
1.2749266624450684,
1.3555279970169067,
-0.5357378721237183,
3.5839738845825195,
1.7496591806411743,
-1.7842613458633423,
1.710810899734497,
-0.08729317784309387,
1.1533056497573853,
-0.9271427392959595,
-1.5526981353759766,
-0.21475425362586975,
0.10210144519805908,
-0.4782758355140686,
-0.9973862171173096,
0.6117036938667297,
1.3217203617095947,
-0.6013501882553101,
-0.6143059730529785,
-0.695534348487854,
-1.2413809299468994,
0.4045217037200928,
1.3302018642425537,
-2.3355190753936768,
3.494173288345337,
0.7858280539512634,
-1.3523229360580444,
-1.7482547760009766,
-0.9649453163146973,
0.001312553882598877,
-0.33311745524406433,
-0.7020905017852783,
-0.060271792113780975,
0.1503453254699707,
-1.2137869596481323,
-0.7289531230926514,
0.4355645477771759,
-2.214571952819824,
0.5112035274505615,
0.5845691561698914,
1.9900263547897339,
1.1429429054260254,
-0.5819922089576721,
-0.4834660589694977,
-0.11795096844434738,
-1.883504033088684,
-1.0552209615707397,
-1.9748573303222656,
-1.7090672254562378,
1.0667065382003784,
-0.9026785492897034,
1.6202293634414673,
3.292036294937134,
0.4965798258781433,
-1.221927285194397,
-0.059268414974212646,
-0.5307468175888062,
-0.7482510805130005,
0.44581979513168335,
-0.2773291766643524,
3.0018813610076904,
1.731348991394043,
0.5785617232322693,
1.5073027610778809,
-0.42946380376815796,
2.8960700035095215,
1.4065874814987183,
-0.47267261147499084,
-1.263976812362671,
1.6194162368774414,
-0.31493452191352844,
-0.2843738794326782,
3.1090917587280273,
-0.8062833547592163,
1.2806763648986816,
0.8722185492515564,
1.4082204103469849,
-1.3833107948303223,
-0.2333390861749649,
1.4555249214172363,
1.083077073097229,
1.0085575580596924,
-0.16181525588035583,
1.0312830209732056,
-0.26520389318466187,
-0.011435750871896744,
1.2854394912719727,
-2.027186870574951,
0.6924939155578613,
0.8212299346923828,
2.614546060562134,
4.059739589691162,
1.378332257270813
] |
did copernicus, who proposed a heliocentric model, know about occam's razor and did he make reference to it? | the first appearance of occam's razor in writing was 1852, so he certainly did not know of it in its current form (he died in the 1500s). however, precursors to it appeared as early as the 1100s, and it is named after occam/ockham's philosophies, which were certainly known in copernicus's time. ultimately, we'll need a copernicus biographist to step in and say for certain whether he read occam/ockham's philosophies, and what he took from those philosophies, if anything. in other words, this is more of a history question than a science question. | 2 | [] | [] | [] | [
-0.9578472971916199,
0.7704763412475586,
-0.5901585817337036,
1.171093225479126,
-0.19844484329223633,
-0.9920217990875244,
-0.3572635352611542,
0.11594583094120026,
1.0660390853881836,
-0.21246877312660217,
0.15440914034843445,
-0.5999953150749207,
-0.0021350085735321045,
-0.19140733778476715,
-0.8348497152328491,
0.11411470174789429,
-0.8053838014602661,
-1.4065704345703125,
0.7383759021759033,
0.5660429000854492,
-0.2346765697002411,
1.405856966972351,
0.7300034761428833,
-0.677586019039154,
-0.5043271780014038,
-1.1321637630462646,
-0.655741274356842,
-1.3087682723999023,
-0.7093845009803772,
0.412209689617157,
0.9116261005401611,
0.0042877197265625,
-0.28519976139068604,
-0.5132129192352295,
0.0473497211933136,
-0.03790280967950821,
0.5029698014259338,
0.6790692806243896,
1.0599043369293213,
1.393020510673523,
-0.27969011664390564,
0.6736717224121094,
0.13497032225131989,
0.7616762518882751,
-0.03347659111022949,
0.49014198780059814,
-0.26974713802337646,
-0.8109777569770813,
-0.497688353061676,
0.4608977437019348,
-1.3209692239761353,
-0.16681402921676636,
-1.9350706338882446,
-1.4531652927398682,
-0.15816791355609894,
0.6772366166114807,
0.1747957319021225,
0.42471587657928467,
0.02587297186255455,
-0.1388641595840454,
-0.8185572624206543,
-0.15006910264492035,
-0.29200512170791626,
0.8447393178939819,
1.2095446586608887,
0.25740087032318115,
-1.8509202003479004,
-0.026735156774520874,
0.3338142931461334,
1.2235994338989258,
-0.08596724271774292,
0.09958110749721527,
0.054162487387657166,
0.04735591635107994,
-0.8899785876274109,
0.18379876017570496,
-0.45455390214920044,
-0.4799513518810272,
0.32784703373908997,
-1.6016298532485962,
-0.27501702308654785,
0.21565410494804382,
-0.21665242314338684,
1.105133295059204,
-0.09494800865650177,
1.2756685018539429,
0.2658598721027374,
0.3038211464881897,
0.2531328797340393,
-0.37615782022476196,
0.35171037912368774,
-1.6726990938186646,
-1.1121872663497925,
0.45102760195732117,
-0.40889492630958557,
0.43116459250450134,
-0.16758586466312408,
0.18875402212142944,
0.46551766991615295,
-0.20000430941581726,
-1.2143278121948242,
0.2879790663719177,
-0.7462676763534546,
-0.2667229473590851,
-0.886552631855011,
-0.5416760444641113,
-1.3201454877853394,
-0.5378172397613525,
1.0725791454315186,
-0.021655023097991943,
-0.16863146424293518,
-0.8855335712432861,
0.13777929544448853,
-0.4486579895019531,
0.766722559928894,
-1.1127244234085083,
0.009536758065223694,
-0.737351655960083,
-0.1469709575176239,
-0.8044182062149048,
0.2640209197998047,
0.11627456545829773,
0.5143169164657593,
-0.7960008382797241,
-0.035674065351486206,
-0.06789770722389221,
1.7614808082580566,
1.3742669820785522,
0.6759790778160095,
-0.2360934615135193,
0.7441243529319763,
-0.3976886570453644,
0.6596542596817017,
1.4363261461257935,
0.7897295355796814,
-0.4588201940059662,
1.1787993907928467,
-0.10731980949640274,
0.009809963405132294,
0.7632403373718262,
-0.14059482514858246,
0.5840819478034973,
-0.8034642934799194,
-0.46009257435798645,
0.7310895919799805,
-0.3939647972583771,
-0.13965284824371338,
-1.4019770622253418,
0.020467400550842285,
0.4804292321205139,
0.11991669237613678,
-1.0432981252670288,
0.8070386052131653,
0.617755651473999,
-0.3211655914783478,
0.6516797542572021,
-0.5195431709289551,
0.575059175491333,
-0.31951040029525757,
0.04669107496738434,
-2.0662219524383545,
-0.04754866659641266,
0.6335344910621643,
0.965564489364624,
0.6405746340751648,
-1.1893041133880615,
-0.7597498297691345,
-0.3146705627441406,
1.5197603702545166,
0.47057852149009705,
1.316197395324707,
0.11119268089532852,
-0.5390560030937195,
0.4654328525066376,
0.0703258067369461,
0.13665789365768433,
0.3845252990722656,
-0.037495166063308716,
-0.0312679260969162,
0.7843750715255737,
0.8019394278526306,
-0.7744588851928711,
1.6643691062927246,
-0.19785240292549133,
-0.4562147259712219,
1.0054221153259277,
1.2710034847259521,
0.07992593944072723,
-0.32314053177833557,
0.8740596771240234,
1.5442227125167847,
0.975546658039093,
0.42888373136520386,
0.6593161821365356,
-1.6044026613235474,
0.07949191331863403,
0.6867791414260864,
0.8839655518531799,
0.538902997970581,
0.343433141708374,
-2.005784273147583,
-0.7302407026290894,
0.964756965637207,
-0.34845075011253357,
-0.3195689022541046,
-0.8510066270828247,
-0.02583499252796173,
-0.369937539100647,
0.07403567433357239,
0.08446519821882248,
-0.9984023571014404,
-0.8097324371337891,
-0.6258181929588318,
0.8536086678504944,
0.76544588804245,
2.0855698585510254,
0.28722673654556274,
-0.29521894454956055,
-0.638736367225647,
-0.8064123392105103,
-0.36782747507095337,
-1.0012578964233398,
-1.4977240562438965,
-1.2425761222839355,
-1.085512638092041,
-0.2826147973537445,
-0.12564417719841003,
0.8301951289176941,
0.10452115535736084,
0.15161623060703278,
-0.6112436056137085,
0.7678442597389221,
0.4353983700275421,
-0.12941324710845947,
0.8245371580123901,
0.1957283765077591,
0.4116631746292114,
-0.31650254130363464,
-0.06427419185638428,
-0.8359264135360718,
-1.4906270503997803,
-0.05685246363282204,
-0.6660038232803345,
0.05254276841878891,
-0.10666681826114655,
-0.5720199346542358,
-0.38072219491004944,
-0.5826313495635986,
1.0363082885742188,
0.06124931201338768,
0.06674042344093323,
-0.747312068939209,
-0.9705213308334351,
0.1735251098871231,
-0.3999478220939636,
0.6114464402198792,
0.5635343790054321,
1.566303014755249,
0.28320837020874023,
0.8623207211494446,
2.0475282669067383,
-0.71883225440979,
0.09923848509788513,
-0.2679164409637451,
1.0699015855789185,
-0.01741698384284973,
0.9019680023193359,
0.8255096673965454,
-0.8417855501174927,
0.9899691939353943,
-1.306536078453064,
1.12583589553833,
1.816457986831665,
0.19477754831314087,
0.4131571650505066,
0.3881014883518219,
-0.20187291502952576,
-0.7843250632286072,
-0.2788975238800049,
-0.44716623425483704,
-1.2206065654754639,
-1.5955294370651245,
0.3792716860771179,
0.09034854173660278,
0.16611206531524658,
-1.1907367706298828,
-0.6806634664535522,
0.2554287910461426,
-0.1621854603290558,
0.5454955697059631,
-0.4892956614494324,
2.1683483123779297,
-0.8076434135437012,
-1.2578527927398682,
1.2201075553894043,
-0.544460117816925,
0.26176077127456665,
-0.03717043995857239,
0.6963728666305542,
0.7146753072738647,
0.515938401222229,
-0.9493736624717712,
-0.6914395093917847,
0.3352610170841217,
0.19821998476982117,
-1.1029187440872192,
0.44433724880218506,
0.17209786176681519,
0.2546139061450958,
-0.69698166847229,
-0.8676714301109314,
-1.334492564201355,
0.07420308887958527,
1.6096019744873047,
0.4905879497528076,
0.0309867262840271,
0.7923105359077454,
0.14717769622802734,
0.4202057719230652,
-0.1555168479681015,
0.5548800826072693,
-0.1860380917787552,
1.2518997192382812,
0.4833289384841919,
0.7495284676551819,
0.3167537748813629,
0.604140043258667,
-0.3219936192035675,
-1.222877025604248,
0.19195674359798431,
-1.0681214332580566,
0.8146365880966187,
-0.07857609540224075,
-0.00576859712600708,
1.0034788846969604,
0.8077875375747681,
0.8716799020767212,
-1.5498905181884766,
-0.9412727355957031,
0.6113241910934448,
0.658660888671875,
0.3932088017463684,
1.1724497079849243,
-0.8461023569107056,
-0.4296097755432129,
0.8347535133361816,
0.6866000890731812,
0.25525081157684326,
-1.2710880041122437,
0.6319543123245239,
0.030763447284698486,
1.4667012691497803,
-0.11669201403856277,
0.31819719076156616,
0.666583240032196,
-1.4765769243240356,
-0.5182251334190369,
0.7961243391036987,
1.0452144145965576,
-1.827085018157959,
-0.31352299451828003,
0.765558660030365,
0.3509798049926758,
1.4932011365890503,
0.00761905312538147,
0.6265120506286621,
-1.175711989402771,
0.09051750600337982,
-0.7007327079772949,
0.10587725043296814,
0.2316375970840454,
0.4159272313117981,
0.6092444658279419,
-1.947727918624878,
-0.6062679290771484,
0.16271668672561646,
0.18916115164756775,
0.23043882846832275,
-2.1397640705108643,
-0.9858795404434204,
0.5385199785232544,
-0.7818123698234558,
1.9516757726669312,
-0.12651915848255157
] |
|
could a pulsed inductive thruster work in our atmosphere? | - [wiki](_url_1_) - [nasa whitepaper](_url_0_) - would this work in the atmosphere? - would there be a risk of ionizing and igniting the air? - could it be reasonably miniaturized, say, to 6 inches? if so, what kind of thrust could one expect? | these kind of thrusters are really nice for space applications where there is negligible drag. i believe the thrust they provide is measured in the millinewtons which is enough to correct the orbit of a satellite or slowly accelerate it through the solar system. obviously this magnitude of thrust wouldn't be sufficient to propel anything through the atmosphere, though (think about the volume and velocity of air that goes through a propeller or jet engine on a plane). | 2 | [] | [
"http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19930023164_1993023164.pdf",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulsed_inductive_thruster"
] | [] | [
-0.3626049757003784,
0.2123582363128662,
-0.04058701545000076,
-0.7311405539512634,
-1.7241086959838867,
-0.9277291297912598,
-0.18723005056381226,
1.0385938882827759,
0.7695609331130981,
-0.3965354859828949,
0.013206154108047485,
1.0401387214660645,
-0.998281717300415,
0.39279261231422424,
-0.13526910543441772,
0.00985562801361084,
0.07988898456096649,
0.1124413013458252,
-1.4780702590942383,
0.2499542087316513,
2.016124725341797,
0.2984970211982727,
-0.2585986256599426,
0.5987781286239624,
-0.0368962362408638,
0.3082383871078491,
-0.45852571725845337,
0.04203459620475769,
0.48675262928009033,
0.010388389229774475,
-0.19713783264160156,
-0.7231568694114685,
-0.6406635046005249,
-1.4133968353271484,
-0.6842665672302246,
0.8610789775848389,
0.46893075108528137,
-1.1899542808532715,
-0.06257791817188263,
0.1990177035331726,
-0.3096754550933838,
-1.1670629978179932,
0.6306023597717285,
1.2459118366241455,
0.6513262391090393,
1.1027418375015259,
0.3719725012779236,
-0.20117461681365967,
-0.6300324201583862,
0.3631458580493927,
-1.5866918563842773,
-0.7651717066764832,
0.2525402307510376,
0.13199816644191742,
-0.1899103820323944,
-1.050060749053955,
0.8226242661476135,
-1.1771049499511719,
-0.07314871996641159,
-1.589198112487793,
-0.4378727674484253,
-0.35286444425582886,
-0.07972952723503113,
-0.27616646885871887,
0.7857245206832886,
-0.40454888343811035,
0.10531148314476013,
-0.5161350965499878,
-0.6815934181213379,
1.6072962284088135,
-0.5453920960426331,
-0.7489951848983765,
-0.29311564564704895,
-0.8031575679779053,
0.5182533860206604,
-1.6167969703674316,
0.17796099185943604,
1.8056577444076538,
0.14704765379428864,
-0.011477567255496979,
1.420215129852295,
-0.8274027109146118,
-1.2304794788360596,
-0.5930020809173584,
-0.1944936215877533,
-0.43566593527793884,
0.8817690014839172,
0.7943938970565796,
1.0388928651809692,
-0.6141807436943054,
-1.4157551527023315,
0.04763534665107727,
-0.48306918144226074,
0.5667535662651062,
0.3146515488624573,
0.9729959964752197,
0.47616440057754517,
-0.7278433442115784,
0.239935964345932,
-0.7945991158485413,
-0.14857949316501617,
0.38324078917503357,
-1.578622817993164,
0.9267045259475708,
-1.2870523929595947,
0.5508710145950317,
0.08793580532073975,
1.355584740638733,
0.3763672113418579,
-0.41567569971084595,
-0.8661075830459595,
0.8439525961875916,
0.0893629714846611,
-0.5486611723899841,
-1.2345231771469116,
-0.00393068790435791,
-0.587738573551178,
0.6654742360115051,
-1.2167246341705322,
-1.6101268529891968,
-1.8089262247085571,
-1.7714214324951172,
0.9486499428749084,
0.27870699763298035,
0.367348849773407,
-2.027665615081787,
0.16962558031082153,
-0.005269255489110947,
-0.42677512764930725,
-0.5063507556915283,
0.43560925126075745,
-0.8429234623908997,
-1.456810474395752,
-0.184329092502594,
0.36764970421791077,
1.1143282651901245,
1.062848448753357,
-0.8892930746078491,
-1.1427152156829834,
0.19198550283908844,
0.23628701269626617,
1.2703202962875366,
1.1350228786468506,
-1.036798119544983,
0.0812804102897644,
0.43031400442123413,
0.3576585650444031,
-0.3860614001750946,
0.7954866886138916,
-0.8509426116943359,
-0.358296275138855,
-0.32871001958847046,
0.7617950439453125,
-0.12991032004356384,
0.5623916387557983,
-0.2880716919898987,
-2.1627933979034424,
0.20964542031288147,
0.0044778138399124146,
0.8239147067070007,
-1.2406615018844604,
-0.26080939173698425,
0.13477802276611328,
0.9418702721595764,
-0.21799275279045105,
0.46178513765335083,
-1.401472568511963,
-0.12855461239814758,
0.34195736050605774,
-0.047996148467063904,
0.08140549063682556,
-0.3897678554058075,
-1.162496566772461,
-0.20264270901679993,
0.5425513386726379,
0.47185492515563965,
-0.8498246669769287,
0.10829094052314758,
0.2047843635082245,
0.5879310965538025,
0.5637845993041992,
0.11457151174545288,
3.321345329284668,
0.792323648929596,
0.4269763231277466,
0.06168992072343826,
-0.1601976454257965,
0.31320351362228394,
-0.40633684396743774,
-1.3090769052505493,
0.9214104413986206,
-0.6546339988708496,
0.06400030851364136,
0.9074762463569641,
0.20955844223499298,
0.6485589146614075,
0.39541956782341003,
0.7319007515907288,
-0.9869074821472168,
0.47165074944496155,
0.18552479147911072,
-0.9635114073753357,
0.8094925284385681,
-0.07196345925331116,
0.01824916899204254,
-0.29933539032936096,
0.036154136061668396,
0.3156801462173462,
-1.2924786806106567,
0.6887263655662537,
1.0667872428894043,
-2.051760673522949,
-0.11532475054264069,
0.8586909174919128,
0.5370526313781738,
0.8866126537322998,
-0.4184659421443939,
-1.3815582990646362,
-0.9641242623329163,
-0.5273940563201904,
0.34649762511253357,
0.6469296216964722,
-0.24622860550880432,
-1.0344383716583252,
0.16057437658309937,
0.03294000029563904,
-0.6603969931602478,
0.7864115238189697,
0.46816450357437134,
1.125705361366272,
0.6369776725769043,
-1.1210988759994507,
-0.7305439710617065,
1.2682790756225586,
-0.22291314601898193,
-0.7923410534858704,
-0.7126966118812561,
0.2715485692024231,
0.27916738390922546,
-1.5739431381225586,
-0.3254924416542053,
-1.7287806272506714,
-0.43879979848861694,
0.12936483323574066,
2.044055461883545,
0.2376476526260376,
0.6868183612823486,
-0.863014817237854,
-0.3241328001022339,
0.7268251776695251,
-0.2603439390659332,
0.7904780507087708,
-1.5804150104522705,
0.9151520729064941,
0.6404352784156799,
0.9579206705093384,
0.34752511978149414,
-0.6293137073516846,
-0.6514557003974915,
1.0282496213912964,
0.39483165740966797,
2.058034896850586,
-0.24557194113731384,
-1.1150524616241455,
0.3237447738647461,
1.189386010169983,
0.3671671152114868,
0.629418671131134,
-1.0574597120285034,
-0.2100328505039215,
0.4195946455001831,
-0.9673518538475037,
0.5684994459152222,
0.09119565784931183,
1.4359045028686523,
-0.39750057458877563,
-1.5877289772033691,
0.2276027947664261,
0.16704979538917542,
-0.24103274941444397,
-1.2782092094421387,
-0.8462101221084595,
1.3470022678375244,
-0.806338369846344,
0.2757284343242645,
-0.17151108384132385,
-0.7222780585289001,
-1.3196842670440674,
0.6197583079338074,
0.12359510362148285,
0.8577908277511597,
1.7817575931549072,
0.1409529149532318,
1.0584876537322998,
1.47190523147583,
-0.578198254108429,
1.0647003650665283,
1.6124087572097778,
0.33373409509658813,
-0.6125243306159973,
1.6514205932617188,
-0.48038697242736816,
-0.5914128422737122,
0.3338618874549866,
-0.3030553162097931,
0.1488783061504364,
0.9252736568450928,
0.7099481821060181,
-0.02837395668029785,
0.5232812166213989,
-1.0336809158325195,
-1.5624444484710693,
-0.33477193117141724,
0.6463959813117981,
-0.19476920366287231,
1.1107444763183594,
0.836397111415863,
0.05577811598777771,
0.6914761662483215,
-0.034373924136161804,
-0.08077444136142731,
-0.018945053219795227,
-0.13022148609161377,
0.11616687476634979,
-1.2830321788787842,
-0.6478357315063477,
-0.5374923944473267,
0.4816136062145233,
0.17178545892238617,
-1.2425642013549805,
1.1504727602005005,
-0.42780205607414246,
1.4010200500488281,
0.8770822286605835,
-0.4632468819618225,
0.2787173390388489,
0.33012017607688904,
0.39095503091812134,
-0.6268161535263062,
0.13631446659564972,
-0.42989033460617065,
0.15083199739456177,
0.43868085741996765,
0.11451569944620132,
0.2901192903518677,
0.2237134426832199,
-0.4063713550567627,
0.14239835739135742,
0.5555448532104492,
-0.567444384098053,
-0.5865227580070496,
0.7862862348556519,
1.2333499193191528,
0.11302389204502106,
-0.23300673067569733,
-0.11393462866544724,
-0.2573221027851105,
0.5719019174575806,
0.5045043230056763,
-0.04909072071313858,
0.48096102476119995,
1.0856729745864868,
0.129806250333786,
1.3783917427062988,
-0.13981890678405762,
1.8416872024536133,
-0.5176565647125244,
-0.8549036979675293,
-0.7334460616111755,
1.625756025314331,
1.269705057144165,
1.5162020921707153,
0.4209270477294922,
-0.004309356212615967,
0.6942604780197144,
0.5368847846984863,
-0.6278349757194519,
0.01796472817659378,
-0.3329688012599945,
-0.18485724925994873,
-0.6089223623275757,
-0.03990015387535095,
0.1747986376285553,
-0.06067211180925369
] |
how do they protect chemistry equipment from being eaten by whatever reaction is taking place inside? | at school i've seen my professors just pour strong acids and bases into what seem to be glass containers for experiments. why doesn't the acid dissolve the container right away or at least start to eat away at it? | glass is unreactive (for the most part) because sio*_2_* is chemically stable. the si - o bond has a very high enthalpy of formation, which is a measure of how much effort is required to break apart the chemical bond. however, this inertness is not universal. hydrofluoric acid will react with glass, as will strong bases like naoh and koh. in the lab, we sometimes use bases during the cleaning of glassware because it eats away a thin layer of glass to expose a fresh, clean surface. | 10 | [] | [] | [] | [
-1.5389983654022217,
0.8037601709365845,
0.613001823425293,
0.6246830224990845,
-1.089131236076355,
-0.8559144735336304,
1.167596697807312,
0.20478683710098267,
-0.31694263219833374,
-0.7060593962669373,
-0.37302592396736145,
-0.013780120760202408,
-0.7824758291244507,
0.9061787724494934,
0.3925739824771881,
-0.5305572152137756,
-0.9217097759246826,
0.6699003577232361,
-1.222977876663208,
1.2710554599761963,
1.955733299255371,
-0.7967057824134827,
-0.31455332040786743,
-0.9422765970230103,
0.5450351238250732,
0.6148697733879089,
1.3025548458099365,
-0.7185401916503906,
0.5594391822814941,
0.8109058141708374,
0.10942849516868591,
1.0018017292022705,
-0.5037449598312378,
-1.3673408031463623,
0.5211166143417358,
-0.8861006498336792,
-1.4338247776031494,
-0.7872874736785889,
0.6213884353637695,
0.049099311232566833,
0.5882239937782288,
0.3088153004646301,
-1.3022418022155762,
0.7452638745307922,
0.026643939316272736,
0.19576071202754974,
0.3003700077533722,
-0.9585175514221191,
-0.24741609394550323,
-0.6038417220115662,
-0.5659693479537964,
0.38700276613235474,
-0.43837863206863403,
-0.5700085759162903,
-0.8810144662857056,
0.3925362825393677,
0.6799170970916748,
-0.03869698941707611,
-0.4959612488746643,
-0.25077515840530396,
1.1214491128921509,
-0.12779513001441956,
-0.6507346034049988,
0.8240145444869995,
1.2302179336547852,
0.42007187008857727,
0.7564615607261658,
-0.032702282071113586,
-0.13549184799194336,
-0.057510387152433395,
1.076612114906311,
0.6242198348045349,
1.226103663444519,
-0.12963253259658813,
1.193215012550354,
-1.0359323024749756,
0.9461567401885986,
-0.2953886389732361,
-0.2744688391685486,
1.1589148044586182,
0.1481127291917801,
-0.3722843527793884,
-0.565375030040741,
0.418954074382782,
-0.8554022312164307,
1.5841056108474731,
0.28468865156173706,
-0.9187097549438477,
-0.27574223279953003,
0.10987728834152222,
-1.155085563659668,
0.6999289989471436,
-1.309308409690857,
0.019253406673669815,
1.0423717498779297,
0.0004952549934387207,
0.2959815561771393,
-0.2988837957382202,
-1.4603464603424072,
0.09123837947845459,
0.5347358584403992,
1.1674485206604004,
-1.597038745880127,
-0.5424017310142517,
-0.03266295790672302,
0.49209779500961304,
0.0693630576133728,
0.43670228123664856,
0.0409521758556366,
0.36126017570495605,
0.7050291895866394,
0.08307112753391266,
0.4430219531059265,
-0.2618682086467743,
-0.03925779461860657,
-0.17814087867736816,
0.7124688625335693,
-0.14746041595935822,
-1.0834171772003174,
0.5299323201179504,
-0.4055830240249634,
-0.5567234754562378,
-0.8240994811058044,
0.6448037624359131,
-0.6588259339332581,
0.18713748455047607,
-0.010351359844207764,
0.6004912853240967,
-0.1854434311389923,
-0.4239591360092163,
-0.00901755690574646,
-0.7738468647003174,
0.8296139240264893,
-0.2805373966693878,
-0.3629622161388397,
0.7764374613761902,
-1.0754814147949219,
-1.1218805313110352,
-0.19373318552970886,
0.7058654427528381,
-0.3764539659023285,
0.7302347421646118,
-0.2665480375289917,
-0.8575142621994019,
0.7303122282028198,
0.9424138069152832,
0.023827843368053436,
-0.641088604927063,
-0.740469217300415,
-0.2304789125919342,
-0.4081185460090637,
0.6364412307739258,
-0.03323863446712494,
-0.7873226404190063,
-0.18192562460899353,
-0.5978759527206421,
-0.20717056095600128,
0.08926844596862793,
-0.626518726348877,
0.7843846678733826,
-0.18129709362983704,
1.077760100364685,
-0.9458409547805786,
0.4752082824707031,
-1.1765315532684326,
0.3568868041038513,
0.39158153533935547,
-1.1156153678894043,
0.21191781759262085,
1.132184624671936,
1.25043523311615,
0.007480014115571976,
-0.22133776545524597,
-0.6506999731063843,
-0.8483970761299133,
0.4464489221572876,
-1.3168697357177734,
-0.30181238055229187,
0.39761191606521606,
0.7382152676582336,
-0.9860080480575562,
0.6202651262283325,
1.0456514358520508,
0.2628310024738312,
0.25810375809669495,
0.14262300729751587,
0.5057531595230103,
0.4717295467853546,
-0.4765222370624542,
-0.34553608298301697,
-0.393468976020813,
1.416451096534729,
-0.6556341648101807,
0.9350342750549316,
-1.619504451751709,
0.28977635502815247,
-1.2741172313690186,
-1.7321481704711914,
-1.8943727016448975,
0.7215563058853149,
-0.3209807872772217,
0.07130764424800873,
-0.7107370495796204,
0.49156054854393005,
1.2124024629592896,
-0.796500027179718,
0.38584673404693604,
-0.19169166684150696,
-0.7416060566902161,
0.17893928289413452,
0.530943751335144,
-1.7779256105422974,
-1.9602874517440796,
-0.32818686962127686,
0.8810462355613708,
-0.45561906695365906,
0.8519673347473145,
0.43314260244369507,
0.6392408609390259,
-0.5261940956115723,
0.7939099669456482,
-0.711853563785553,
0.34765559434890747,
-0.8726072311401367,
0.36211609840393066,
-1.2697997093200684,
0.33351975679397583,
-0.09651258587837219,
-0.4045064449310303,
-0.2395358681678772,
-0.7553859353065491,
0.6036745309829712,
1.0172080993652344,
0.39638614654541016,
0.9805381894111633,
0.15308934450149536,
-1.121821641921997,
-0.34739917516708374,
-0.5361142158508301,
-0.9514305591583252,
1.1810967922210693,
0.14896297454833984,
0.46720436215400696,
0.30732718110084534,
0.033911556005477905,
1.0014421939849854,
-0.17014697194099426,
-0.9250458478927612,
-0.27805477380752563,
-0.2268322855234146,
-1.1057369709014893,
-0.6911503672599792,
0.2986812889575958,
0.6247237324714661,
-0.19640478491783142,
-0.5239826440811157,
-0.27596315741539,
-0.33932727575302124,
-0.5547822713851929,
0.752433180809021,
1.1777827739715576,
-0.5411912202835083,
-0.750394880771637,
-1.2039592266082764,
0.17947715520858765,
0.24064910411834717,
0.49514514207839966,
0.32763153314590454,
0.37078094482421875,
0.0671248733997345,
0.2809479236602783,
-1.1728719472885132,
-0.9913396239280701,
-0.6230575442314148,
1.0610202550888062,
-1.1736125946044922,
0.31665754318237305,
-0.6884802579879761,
-0.6412177085876465,
0.6561824679374695,
1.4311816692352295,
-0.5204373598098755,
-1.1048470735549927,
-0.2872667610645294,
1.4890636205673218,
0.11611413955688477,
0.3636666536331177,
-1.1492215394973755,
0.01187887042760849,
-0.5891876220703125,
-0.280865341424942,
1.4196500778198242,
1.3148471117019653,
-1.0726029872894287,
1.4164879322052002,
1.1837443113327026,
-0.11580803245306015,
0.2767181396484375,
0.17852100729942322,
-0.8593848943710327,
-0.41225817799568176,
-1.2881059646606445,
-1.3898648023605347,
0.34294357895851135,
-0.7408506870269775,
1.0814536809921265,
-0.5604528188705444,
-0.03616666793823242,
-0.4087424576282501,
-0.9011749029159546,
1.0348703861236572,
-0.32826903462409973,
0.31466734409332275,
0.039079561829566956,
-0.7135855555534363,
0.21151775121688843,
0.6188040971755981,
1.2902681827545166,
1.0066304206848145,
0.3978250026702881,
0.8751859664916992,
-0.6156511306762695,
-0.0715552568435669,
-0.08705396205186844,
-0.08615916967391968,
-0.2678479254245758,
0.05434596538543701,
-0.5942036509513855,
-0.1513122320175171,
-0.3652280867099762,
-0.2915195822715759,
0.9260709285736084,
0.5024899244308472,
0.5381035804748535,
-0.3316706717014313,
-0.10701215267181396,
-0.08727147430181503,
-0.9502729177474976,
-0.5865596532821655,
-0.011448502540588379,
-0.728588342666626,
0.024113034829497337,
0.577971339225769,
0.40512219071388245,
0.880789577960968,
-0.2683572471141815,
0.4517361521720886,
0.743492603302002,
-0.44516950845718384,
0.8954566717147827,
-0.43402987718582153,
1.240422248840332,
0.7726205587387085,
1.4466283321380615,
1.3211714029312134,
0.031100615859031677,
-0.5931984186172485,
0.6773813962936401,
-0.6262328624725342,
0.10369136929512024,
-0.3160350024700165,
-0.9043917059898376,
-0.46552327275276184,
1.3615591526031494,
0.7042675018310547,
0.5454804301261902,
0.229063481092453,
0.2824425995349884,
0.47204703092575073,
0.6928397417068481,
0.445233017206192,
1.0103143453598022,
0.2116169035434723,
-0.04140627384185791,
-0.104481041431427,
-0.16995108127593994,
0.5224813222885132,
0.6107039451599121,
-0.8293485045433044,
0.17637835443019867,
0.6372109651565552,
0.39610758423805237,
1.4540035724639893,
0.5538256168365479
] |
could a fiber-optic cable be modified to work as a periscope? | we were learning about fiber optics in school and my mind started wandering and it got me wondering…normally in a fiber optic cable the light from the incoming image ends up horribly distorted before it comes out the other end because of the amount of times it reflects of the inside "walls" of the cable, but if you could have a cable made of say a million or so cables within a cable, each cable could carry a unique signal or point of light like a pixel on a tv screen. so, if you could take an image and focus it into a small area using a lens (or series of lenses), an area probably close to the point where all the rays of light converge, you could then transfer the image through the cable and then do the reverse process on the other side where the image could be projected on to a screen. i don't see why this wouldn't work, besides the construction challenges. to create a 1mp image would require a million individual (optically insulated) cables which would have to be very small. if they were, say 9μm in diameter, you could fit 1,000,000 of them in a 3mm^2 area maybe it has already been done, and i think there could be many applications for this if it was economical to produce, not to mention the novelty factor, but i get the feeling that the cost to produce something like this would not be worthwhile in a world where everything is digital. | your idea is sound. in fact, it's so solid that it has already been invented and is exactly how surgeons see what they're doing during endoscopic surgeries. they're called [fiberscopes](_url_0_) and are functionally like flexible periscopes. | 21 | [] | [] | [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiberscope"
] | [
-0.5138082504272461,
-0.4395850598812103,
-0.4185697138309479,
-0.7138302326202393,
-1.0518709421157837,
-0.8834116458892822,
-0.08142022788524628,
-0.003296326845884323,
0.2009013146162033,
-0.10028831660747528,
-0.07760992646217346,
0.8774266839027405,
-0.14923153817653656,
0.8634116649627686,
-0.9572703838348389,
-0.30291950702667236,
-0.09575077891349792,
-0.7180498838424683,
-0.4914538264274597,
0.16626115143299103,
0.4447081387042999,
0.3557944893836975,
-0.08288472890853882,
-0.08651138842105865,
-0.05067366361618042,
0.08148342370986938,
-0.08441177010536194,
-0.2386588752269745,
-0.2626709043979645,
-0.36512458324432373,
0.2385314702987671,
0.012878388166427612,
-0.3101467490196228,
-0.24885447323322296,
0.13896778225898743,
0.30375951528549194,
-0.20508107542991638,
0.09478700160980225,
-0.40820184350013733,
0.005109485238790512,
-0.47977861762046814,
-0.3688936233520508,
-0.41817188262939453,
0.6455466747283936,
0.9535245895385742,
0.05709988623857498,
-0.10801219195127487,
-0.20240896940231323,
0.13117001950740814,
0.4612700343132019,
-0.9059503674507141,
-0.579806923866272,
-0.374683678150177,
0.01813444495201111,
0.4205569326877594,
-0.3335455060005188,
-0.23071324825286865,
-0.3055780827999115,
-0.1578165739774704,
-0.37326517701148987,
0.28923559188842773,
-0.6984840631484985,
0.2758448123931885,
0.5079107284545898,
-0.33709338307380676,
-0.0666516125202179,
0.5363257527351379,
-0.5513156652450562,
0.6440563201904297,
-0.0358336865901947,
-0.5988931655883789,
-0.13436031341552734,
0.5845890641212463,
0.46483397483825684,
0.02697543054819107,
0.07862494885921478,
0.10983487218618393,
0.12908081710338593,
-0.49467694759368896,
-0.19046616554260254,
0.1980321854352951,
-0.4914609491825104,
0.11595544219017029,
0.47839275002479553,
0.050814103335142136,
1.1736664772033691,
-0.06322900950908661,
0.36796650290489197,
-0.2255403995513916,
-0.3695220947265625,
-0.4517274796962738,
-0.14521212875843048,
-0.30322614312171936,
-0.7381573915481567,
0.45718204975128174,
-0.12369313836097717,
-0.3907960057258606,
-0.4830784201622009,
-0.030713088810443878,
-0.38140711188316345,
-0.8927575349807739,
-0.5349607467651367,
0.20877444744110107,
-0.4680975079536438,
-0.14470277726650238,
-0.47986432909965515,
-0.35667598247528076,
0.2134975790977478,
-0.3570169508457184,
-0.3100980222225189,
-0.5710172653198242,
0.8829289674758911,
0.21542996168136597,
0.017734084278345108,
-0.14037349820137024,
0.2678266763687134,
-0.4783262014389038,
0.435874879360199,
0.17177742719650269,
0.2525111436843872,
-0.04947035759687424,
-0.3811883330345154,
-0.35933852195739746,
-0.5685133337974548,
0.28615567088127136,
-0.06521422415971756,
0.010223841294646263,
0.3564152121543884,
0.38462477922439575,
0.36723247170448303,
0.4188360273838043,
0.007150087505578995,
0.20321016013622284,
0.5543292164802551,
0.34691354632377625,
-0.14245399832725525,
0.1402032971382141,
-0.0871734619140625,
-0.32338184118270874,
0.2646857500076294,
0.08286075294017792,
0.18574783205986023,
0.34417960047721863,
-0.7098717093467712,
0.007751733064651489,
1.0689525604248047,
-1.1107749938964844,
0.007835566997528076,
0.10164470970630646,
0.7095183730125427,
-0.3830327093601227,
-0.0943509042263031,
0.6825294494628906,
0.7983563542366028,
-0.026237621903419495,
-0.10109923779964447,
-0.09190937876701355,
0.07892858237028122,
-0.5627301931381226,
-0.08689236640930176,
-0.9326212406158447,
0.22336414456367493,
-0.6330010890960693,
0.6218725442886353,
-0.01895330101251602,
-0.3518339991569519,
-0.03443852812051773,
-0.5835440158843994,
-0.44976934790611267,
-0.20394311845302582,
-0.09729232639074326,
-0.09401574730873108,
0.3775177299976349,
-0.11656340956687927,
-1.0606087446212769,
0.45450714230537415,
0.06573724746704102,
-1.1051793098449707,
0.11905400454998016,
0.2713945508003235,
0.6877353191375732,
-0.006201326847076416,
0.8425394296646118,
0.125871941447258,
-0.07746163755655289,
-0.11406156420707703,
0.011608123779296875,
-0.2607533931732178,
0.18617917597293854,
0.07784392684698105,
-0.13120141625404358,
0.24100419878959656,
0.06418956816196442,
0.3055241107940674,
0.26411980390548706,
0.45977190136909485,
0.663955569267273,
0.2330842912197113,
-0.5716452598571777,
0.7821598052978516,
-0.5987889766693115,
-0.27834340929985046,
0.019920937716960907,
0.23041971027851105,
0.20195576548576355,
0.37045297026634216,
0.2673530578613281,
0.18198420107364655,
-0.24557989835739136,
0.5446841716766357,
0.3050762414932251,
0.08199626207351685,
0.24702519178390503,
0.5804678201675415,
-0.4444245398044586,
0.585540771484375,
-1.305198311805725,
0.09532562643289566,
-0.5966808795928955,
0.10048341006040573,
-0.4368053674697876,
0.09371677786111832,
0.06151600927114487,
-0.6170457601547241,
-0.3791358172893524,
-0.2160170078277588,
-0.13894586265087128,
0.49721264839172363,
-0.3748989403247833,
0.31911712884902954,
0.05436239391565323,
-0.09352411329746246,
0.1557341068983078,
0.16228975355625153,
-0.23502439260482788,
0.3707081377506256,
-0.061397116631269455,
-0.32019028067588806,
-0.3541257977485657,
0.05993974208831787,
-0.918300986289978,
-0.38217660784721375,
-0.04239198938012123,
-0.26649612188339233,
0.24868479371070862,
0.5416482090950012,
0.5246739387512207,
0.0160093754529953,
-0.10487557202577591,
0.5274856090545654,
-0.14350584149360657,
-0.45723944902420044,
-0.42745858430862427,
0.006768189370632172,
-0.3346805274486542,
-0.23205402493476868,
-0.3880347013473511,
0.21281123161315918,
0.10658489912748337,
0.5437553524971008,
0.0045822858810424805,
-0.020849794149398804,
0.4679931402206421,
0.05507369339466095,
0.12575198709964752,
0.4871956706047058,
0.09829050302505493,
0.5176541209220886,
-0.6992014646530151,
-0.2892904579639435,
0.04842737689614296,
-0.47166532278060913,
0.12041890621185303,
-0.5436439514160156,
-0.34454822540283203,
0.2744355797767639,
-0.14622385799884796,
-0.680779218673706,
-0.28094518184661865,
-0.0363544225692749,
-0.3239377737045288,
-1.1602473258972168,
-0.21374201774597168,
0.6220941543579102,
0.5005026459693909,
-0.3869651257991791,
0.09337048977613449,
-0.015059716999530792,
0.09002837538719177,
0.6659148931503296,
0.7283518314361572,
0.6689621210098267,
-0.4813016653060913,
0.18556387722492218,
0.909010112285614,
0.6113623380661011,
-0.2091791331768036,
0.11199182271957397,
0.9958473443984985,
0.4937700927257538,
-0.34833574295043945,
-0.4454764127731323,
-0.7325051426887512,
0.5386806726455688,
0.12676449120044708,
-0.20714648067951202,
0.10786077380180359,
0.9639840126037598,
0.4105060398578644,
-0.01985964924097061,
0.7065842151641846,
0.09790989756584167,
-0.3818542957305908,
0.08073794841766357,
0.18220371007919312,
0.7790842652320862,
-0.3671209514141083,
0.06411073356866837,
-0.32196569442749023,
0.2778216600418091,
-0.09055974334478378,
0.17246083915233612,
0.47477036714553833,
-0.27444976568222046,
-0.3455037474632263,
-0.3173602223396301,
-0.25321027636528015,
0.7345356345176697,
-0.4593498706817627,
-1.0143263339996338,
-0.42484501004219055,
0.44170504808425903,
-0.0014594867825508118,
0.4507918357849121,
0.32408586144447327,
0.739778995513916,
-0.2578428089618683,
0.6278078556060791,
-0.0632694885134697,
-0.07834288477897644,
-0.09504587203264236,
-0.5977692604064941,
0.23152227699756622,
-0.1072702705860138,
-0.3903960585594177,
-0.10099560022354126,
0.27589020133018494,
0.24860167503356934,
0.15667977929115295,
0.4853835701942444,
0.3071596622467041,
0.23070259392261505,
0.1221817135810852,
0.8391977548599243,
-0.22568026185035706,
0.01397693157196045,
0.2594374120235443,
0.33190199732780457,
0.42517000436782837,
-0.17441415786743164,
-0.15303219854831696,
-0.2736784517765045,
-0.23133385181427002,
0.7340254783630371,
-0.7740426063537598,
0.614701509475708,
0.6440725922584534,
0.03116411343216896,
-0.9728715419769287,
1.0675266981124878,
1.1095843315124512,
0.29966235160827637,
0.05834702402353287,
0.3929830491542816,
-0.13902948796749115,
0.4932733476161957,
0.04477996006608009,
0.02326192334294319,
-0.19726476073265076,
0.7850333452224731,
-0.6695966720581055,
0.26408421993255615,
0.8790557384490967,
0.3783494830131531
] |
average speed; why am i wrong? | problem that came up at work, and has severely confused me. a truck traveled each distance at each average speed: |distance|average speed (km/h)| |:-|:-| |10000|90| |7500|30| |9000|45| |5000|60| **method 1 (the correct answer):** find total time at each speed by taking distance/average speed = hours total distance/total time= average speed ||distance|average speed (km/h)|time| |:-|:-|:-|:-| ||10000|90|111.11| ||7500|30|250| ||9000|45|200| ||5000|60|83.33| |sum|31500||644.44| |average speed|48.88||| **method 2 (my way; the wrong way)** take weight of total distance= distance/total distance multiply by average speed sum of average speed x weight |distance|average speed (km/h)|weight|weight \* avg speed| |:-|:-|:-|:-| |10000|90|0.31746|28.57| |7500|30|0.238095|7.14| |9000|45|0.285714|12.86| |5000|60|0.15873|9.52| |||total avg. speed|58.095 | so why am i wrong, the units work out right as weight (km/km) works out to be unit-less, therefore the average speed is indeed in km/hour? i'm really confused on why my method was wrong. thanks for the help. | here's a quick example to show why your method doesn't work. you have to complete a 200 km journey. you travel at 100 km/h for the first 100 km, then you stop moving. clearly, your average speed is 0 km/h, because you never complete the journey. it doesn't matter how fast you travel for the first 100 km, it doesn't change your average speed. if someone else travelled at 50 km/h for the 200 km, they would complete the journey and have an average speed of 50 km/h. your average speed would then have to be less than 50 km/h because they would always complete the journey before you, so you're slower on average. the average that you're trying to find with your method is the arithmetic mean, but you chose the wrong values to form the weights. if you want to obtain the correct average speed, your weights have to be the fraction of time travelling at that speed instead. the other option to find the average speed using distances as your weights is to find the [harmonic mean](_url_0_). however, calculating the weighted harmonic mean gives fundamentally the same formula as the first method in your post, where you take the total distance and divide by the total time. | 14 | [] | [] | [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonic_mean"
] | [
1.5216341018676758,
-0.27350354194641113,
0.7586710453033447,
-0.39409390091896057,
-2.070707082748413,
-2.1177592277526855,
-0.881380558013916,
1.7170758247375488,
1.0376721620559692,
-0.7457136511802673,
3.6068079471588135,
1.349440574645996,
1.4536854028701782,
-0.18663610517978668,
-0.4966849982738495,
-0.20606094598770142,
1.1526075601577759,
-1.2483373880386353,
-4.659646034240723,
-0.09690666198730469,
1.9310617446899414,
-0.013715147972106934,
0.13460490107536316,
1.2059253454208374,
1.7423090934753418,
0.3766527771949768,
-0.11160247027873993,
1.6197378635406494,
0.5534594058990479,
-0.7559942603111267,
-2.6539828777313232,
-1.354143738746643,
-2.003464937210083,
-2.3181393146514893,
-1.6355353593826294,
1.5547540187835693,
0.17175230383872986,
-0.888738751411438,
-0.13592663407325745,
2.1275362968444824,
0.6585348844528198,
0.9694197177886963,
1.2036948204040527,
1.4543739557266235,
1.4100141525268555,
2.653640031814575,
0.6215824484825134,
2.8929433822631836,
-0.27143871784210205,
1.3883616924285889,
-2.7659430503845215,
0.07383403182029724,
1.0297589302062988,
-0.19260096549987793,
-0.2585618495941162,
0.5048583149909973,
1.432887077331543,
-1.3398246765136719,
-0.2146308720111847,
-0.5190648436546326,
-1.0097640752792358,
0.20361022651195526,
-1.9384019374847412,
-0.20503568649291992,
1.920255184173584,
0.22800315916538239,
-0.009000465273857117,
-1.2990509271621704,
-2.36599063873291,
3.276616334915161,
-2.5768299102783203,
-1.3201141357421875,
-1.0443689823150635,
2.589999198913574,
-0.32621949911117554,
-1.7560250759124756,
-0.418072909116745,
3.1622354984283447,
-1.4576010704040527,
-2.0022032260894775,
0.3977007567882538,
-2.232863187789917,
-2.3339812755584717,
0.9307234287261963,
0.31476274132728577,
-0.7306020259857178,
1.7670847177505493,
3.0483779907226562,
3.5154166221618652,
-0.04158584773540497,
-1.192197561264038,
-0.8878226280212402,
-3.4572954177856445,
-0.3444353938102722,
0.98256915807724,
2.2850170135498047,
-1.1090381145477295,
0.2399122267961502,
2.2677547931671143,
1.0126476287841797,
-2.5527896881103516,
0.18396881222724915,
-3.818662643432617,
0.3782491683959961,
-0.6169026494026184,
-1.5935380458831787,
-0.6839036345481873,
2.2331998348236084,
1.1906574964523315,
2.310030221939087,
0.260571151971817,
-0.39027827978134155,
1.0835914611816406,
1.5533663034439087,
-0.44231516122817993,
-1.0123189687728882,
-2.1074321269989014,
1.5169039964675903,
0.2866104245185852,
-1.2542109489440918,
-1.2580976486206055,
-2.55822491645813,
0.8413541316986084,
-0.7323894500732422,
-0.32518476247787476,
-1.7100093364715576,
4.044658660888672,
-0.6562614440917969,
-1.1459025144577026,
-1.3638520240783691,
2.3064043521881104,
-2.88436222076416,
-1.3232547044754028,
-0.8166959881782532,
-2.0853824615478516,
-0.8648731112480164,
4.38341760635376,
-0.496187686920166,
0.02591826766729355,
2.0697665214538574,
0.928305447101593,
0.09247791767120361,
0.5949272513389587,
-0.4747133255004883,
2.581874132156372,
3.3604624271392822,
-0.16072195768356323,
-1.0367341041564941,
2.3048601150512695,
-4.3987884521484375,
-0.8753523826599121,
-1.0107946395874023,
2.597510576248169,
-3.7777678966522217,
1.7681726217269897,
-0.49986952543258667,
-0.1394856721162796,
0.5267350673675537,
-0.5777264833450317,
-1.093807339668274,
-3.427049160003662,
-1.2206439971923828,
-0.014950990676879883,
-0.6300770044326782,
1.9943253993988037,
3.289167881011963,
0.9561818242073059,
0.17193099856376648,
-2.6401216983795166,
-1.71529221534729,
-1.0230400562286377,
-2.3443474769592285,
-2.6073172092437744,
-0.023323453962802887,
1.4230355024337769,
1.1387165784835815,
-4.146602630615234,
0.5437568426132202,
-2.3028745651245117,
-0.06076937913894653,
2.273695945739746,
0.3506055474281311,
1.3550958633422852,
1.3221020698547363,
1.4025728702545166,
0.6325973868370056,
-1.1610113382339478,
3.386396884918213,
-1.2441455125808716,
0.5482600331306458,
2.109334707260132,
-0.7466257810592651,
1.5082290172576904,
2.160090446472168,
-1.959173560142517,
-0.45201578736305237,
0.9645874500274658,
1.8489630222320557,
2.660090684890747,
-1.0549334287643433,
-0.3514861464500427,
1.5531108379364014,
2.6629815101623535,
-2.5322649478912354,
-0.46853047609329224,
-0.02014850825071335,
-0.5301364064216614,
-2.299262523651123,
-0.9622318148612976,
3.8217692375183105,
-1.3914004564285278,
-1.6677665710449219,
4.587740898132324,
-0.10023310035467148,
0.774634599685669,
-0.9706839323043823,
-4.08615255355835,
-1.3285311460494995,
-2.049898147583008,
2.213151216506958,
-2.4536170959472656,
1.843909740447998,
-0.5060722827911377,
-2.3200833797454834,
-2.2310893535614014,
2.9752752780914307,
2.494049072265625,
1.339259147644043,
1.8317795991897583,
-0.3213665187358856,
3.6450202465057373,
1.2178277969360352,
3.3104159832000732,
3.530402898788452,
-1.363507628440857,
-2.5499587059020996,
-0.6175234317779541,
1.4844361543655396,
1.9847913980484009,
-1.1508393287658691,
1.9314773082733154,
-3.2350003719329834,
0.7573493123054504,
-0.020863011479377747,
0.7706241607666016,
-1.095198154449463,
-2.295639991760254,
-0.9064308404922485,
0.9319148063659668,
2.5933122634887695,
-3.041102409362793,
1.7488068342208862,
-5.629274845123291,
-0.5910401940345764,
-0.5116086006164551,
-2.1752769947052,
-0.0607379674911499,
-1.0553137063980103,
-3.1585302352905273,
0.5409201383590698,
-1.5019522905349731,
1.8040794134140015,
1.1760019063949585,
1.611960768699646,
0.9110774993896484,
-0.6576288938522339,
2.6281509399414062,
-2.409475564956665,
-1.6065969467163086,
-2.27278470993042,
1.466505765914917,
-2.2844786643981934,
-0.49948930740356445,
-0.8967921733856201,
5.129925727844238,
0.9533550143241882,
-0.6310492753982544,
2.279080629348755,
-0.26928621530532837,
-1.5215392112731934,
-1.7384414672851562,
-1.6055303812026978,
-1.2627382278442383,
-1.1083964109420776,
-0.6098419427871704,
-1.6114667654037476,
0.2860416769981384,
3.507448434829712,
-0.5204336643218994,
-1.5186197757720947,
0.0786324143409729,
1.2393070459365845,
-0.07475090026855469,
-0.24733935296535492,
-1.5913026332855225,
5.203580379486084,
0.4747914671897888,
1.0970678329467773,
1.0892910957336426,
-1.5280327796936035,
2.3562819957733154,
2.1632602214813232,
-0.3275444507598877,
0.26196563243865967,
-3.15568208694458,
1.8429646492004395,
0.5191262364387512,
0.41374295949935913,
-0.8738932013511658,
-1.610089659690857,
-1.3248097896575928,
-3.3740129470825195,
1.1858341693878174,
1.7297136783599854,
-1.0186622142791748,
1.5172730684280396,
-0.18938803672790527,
0.5964244604110718,
-0.5695904493331909,
-0.13870492577552795,
0.09391456842422485,
-1.5907800197601318,
1.5130507946014404,
2.494082450866699,
2.326949119567871,
2.8459513187408447,
1.4174339771270752,
-1.7271249294281006,
-2.9699044227600098,
-0.22477495670318604,
2.393650770187378,
0.9071914553642273,
0.8877978324890137,
2.3890810012817383,
-3.2717103958129883,
-1.7201048135757446,
1.0960379838943481,
-0.9110041856765747,
-2.076446056365967,
0.9147679805755615,
0.7116959691047668,
0.2888385057449341,
0.015090428292751312,
1.0429444313049316,
2.5586612224578857,
-0.30157849192619324,
-0.1112917959690094,
-0.9974707365036011,
-1.5797003507614136,
-3.583813190460205,
-1.5988421440124512,
2.0163536071777344,
0.8681612610816956,
0.6401512622833252,
0.051698118448257446,
-1.4757015705108643,
-1.3237334489822388,
3.1298224925994873,
0.3939856290817261,
2.4409189224243164,
0.9976058006286621,
0.5991541147232056,
-1.7504286766052246,
2.527528762817383,
0.5265824794769287,
-0.5051853060722351,
-2.7636938095092773,
-1.8454113006591797,
-0.8092148303985596,
-1.6451058387756348,
0.9107646346092224,
1.6926742792129517,
1.8870277404785156,
-0.5579880475997925,
3.162334680557251,
-1.1184039115905762,
-1.4055670499801636,
-1.0744177103042603,
-2.5373575687408447,
1.5700894594192505,
-0.6892532110214233,
1.6242517232894897,
-0.08930221199989319,
-0.4393295645713806
] |
resonant frequency? | i'm simply curious about this phenomenon; as i've understood it, every material has a resonant frequency and becomes unstable when vibrated at or exposed to this frequency. recently however, i read up on a bridge collapse (i want to say tacoma, but i don't think that's right) for which resonant frequency is often erroneously provided as an explanation. this piqued my curiosity. so essentially, could someone explain it like i'm five? a few other questions - can liquids have such a frequency? can something like the human body have this frequency, and what effect would it have? does the ear canal have a resonant frequency? how does this work in relation to musical instruments and/or vocal cords? | the short answer is: constructive interference. the long answer is: you're sitting on a swing (you are a bond), going back and forth (resonating). the amount of time it takes for one full cycle depends on the length of the chain/rope/whatever (bond characteristics, notably length). as you're swinging, you're pumping your legs, right? right. but you can't just pump as fast as you can, can you? that creates (dissonance). you'll notice that the frequency at which you pump your legs is the same as the frequency that the swing swings, its (resonant frequency). this frequency of swinging is its (resonant frequency). it is the same for every swing like yours, and the only way to change it is to modify the swing. now imagine that the swing represents the chemical bonds in a wine glass. the classic example is an opera soprano singing really loud and breaking the wine glass. think of the sound waves as your legs swishing back and forth; eventually the swing is going to give out and the glass is going to crack. back to the bridge, though. what's happening with that? it is far too massive for sound waves to do any damage to it on any scale, so what's happening? well, in this case the bridge is a single bond. like anything, it vibrates at a particular frequency. sometimes, the perfect combination of wind and cars and making it far too long happens and that collapses the bridge(think rocking back and forth in a chair). | 5 | [] | [] | [] | [
-0.45039132237434387,
-1.60884428024292,
2.990384578704834,
-0.05555969476699829,
-3.595489740371704,
-1.487718939781189,
2.3238978385925293,
0.3799467086791992,
3.724896192550659,
-0.7599574327468872,
0.7624495625495911,
2.352459669113159,
-0.5501157641410828,
0.2591458261013031,
1.7251453399658203,
1.259355068206787,
1.3999876976013184,
-0.5497622489929199,
-4.050738334655762,
1.886354684829712,
0.8397841453552246,
0.7472622394561768,
-2.203404426574707,
-1.3442761898040771,
-1.9583548307418823,
1.154479742050171,
0.31225329637527466,
2.3913843631744385,
-1.3905487060546875,
-0.8225168585777283,
-2.2137880325317383,
1.5448036193847656,
-2.778989791870117,
-0.8166097402572632,
-2.607213020324707,
1.5114800930023193,
-3.0627870559692383,
-0.8741632699966431,
-0.04633123427629471,
-0.706019937992096,
0.37646520137786865,
0.3331111669540405,
1.697640061378479,
1.7776484489440918,
-0.3072068691253662,
4.03757905960083,
0.3446841537952423,
1.171842336654663,
1.5662568807601929,
1.1652764081954956,
-1.2935413122177124,
0.3607538938522339,
0.34541189670562744,
-0.6555929183959961,
-0.6921682357788086,
1.335798978805542,
2.5566883087158203,
1.6395673751831055,
-0.35364723205566406,
1.8365716934204102,
1.3190358877182007,
-0.1051960289478302,
-2.726138114929199,
2.979703187942505,
0.16585960984230042,
-1.341141700744629,
-0.09749019145965576,
1.3099029064178467,
-2.220996856689453,
3.870694398880005,
-0.8200173377990723,
-0.4678077697753906,
1.039386510848999,
-3.036818742752075,
2.142653465270996,
-2.578646183013916,
-0.6474072933197021,
-0.8916372656822205,
-1.4066853523254395,
-0.19022811949253082,
1.3323333263397217,
-4.098933696746826,
-3.8953638076782227,
0.6044337749481201,
0.14707441627979279,
1.3489997386932373,
1.0696375370025635,
-1.9799588918685913,
0.19402188062667847,
2.4965875148773193,
-5.148693561553955,
0.9271352291107178,
-0.3594992160797119,
0.839726448059082,
-1.1197283267974854,
2.0549912452697754,
-0.51927250623703,
-1.8427022695541382,
0.5903211832046509,
-0.2290990948677063,
1.3508256673812866,
3.8869948387145996,
-1.5618481636047363,
2.878570079803467,
0.5674945116043091,
-1.5009747743606567,
-0.6746901273727417,
1.0910820960998535,
-1.300902009010315,
-1.253639817237854,
2.336099624633789,
-1.0555487871170044,
3.4634788036346436,
-1.3195698261260986,
-2.428271532058716,
1.349669337272644,
-1.0618997812271118,
-0.6962138414382935,
-2.640007495880127,
-1.9450562000274658,
-0.6735053658485413,
-2.1611499786376953,
-2.8918724060058594,
-0.19180509448051453,
-0.5232958793640137,
-1.4876294136047363,
0.3978208303451538,
1.205113410949707,
-2.4999189376831055,
-1.5182799100875854,
0.7699421048164368,
-2.5592331886291504,
0.9963963031768799,
-0.5287024974822998,
-4.349636077880859,
1.6435565948486328,
4.321674346923828,
0.3688361644744873,
1.3821871280670166,
1.5946497917175293,
1.55890953540802,
-1.260798454284668,
1.810105323791504,
-2.9956412315368652,
-0.05715206265449524,
0.5194233655929565,
-3.5489141941070557,
-2.8588454723358154,
-2.070796251296997,
-1.3752574920654297,
-0.06962165236473083,
-2.668243408203125,
-0.7835413217544556,
-0.8276907801628113,
0.9662772417068481,
-0.5838750600814819,
0.9232420921325684,
2.392254590988159,
1.36711847782135,
0.8579937815666199,
-1.7843585014343262,
1.8328834772109985,
1.5469753742218018,
-0.5887084007263184,
1.8821042776107788,
0.2793055772781372,
1.0314552783966064,
1.9213509559631348,
-1.7397502660751343,
-2.1711981296539307,
-1.4215744733810425,
1.2324159145355225,
-1.661875605583191,
-2.660393238067627,
-2.3797390460968018,
3.052393674850464,
-5.607861518859863,
0.513146162033081,
0.7702901363372803,
1.8303521871566772,
1.505861520767212,
2.5585455894470215,
2.9311535358428955,
2.4599740505218506,
-0.1851128786802292,
2.0897748470306396,
-2.1855106353759766,
0.8176942467689514,
-0.2140294313430786,
-0.9346112012863159,
2.153416395187378,
-2.1931850910186768,
0.8769078254699707,
3.8977181911468506,
-1.8668854236602783,
2.0085487365722656,
-0.48558032512664795,
-0.39913302659988403,
0.34711989760398865,
-0.07578405737876892,
-2.919682502746582,
-0.36308553814888,
0.13065165281295776,
-1.4577412605285645,
0.004214011132717133,
0.925912082195282,
1.272100806236267,
-2.117769956588745,
-0.9905018210411072,
1.4489413499832153,
0.412792444229126,
-1.0939552783966064,
0.3356483578681946,
-1.088167667388916,
1.4923087358474731,
-5.359124660491943,
-2.4725043773651123,
2.7283098697662354,
-3.8421630859375,
-0.24269075691699982,
3.9649744033813477,
-1.9785778522491455,
3.35319447517395,
-3.7098348140716553,
0.6537272930145264,
1.636191964149475,
-1.3920015096664429,
2.7725942134857178,
1.0866559743881226,
0.41400349140167236,
-0.18362540006637573,
3.062124490737915,
-1.9442857503890991,
1.295517086982727,
-2.044900417327881,
-2.3037190437316895,
-3.6202549934387207,
1.7957993745803833,
0.46017321944236755,
-2.4172494411468506,
3.0319037437438965,
-0.777722954750061,
-0.3155365586280823,
2.208829641342163,
2.1537537574768066,
-1.9431365728378296,
1.1865636110305786,
2.266390800476074,
1.9774972200393677,
-1.1477800607681274,
0.6732325553894043,
-0.5144265294075012,
-3.9213409423828125,
1.759716272354126,
-1.5744229555130005,
3.002230167388916,
1.3219958543777466,
-1.4088044166564941,
-4.199710845947266,
1.4597333669662476,
2.919419288635254,
0.9704324007034302,
-0.9296491146087646,
-3.3112831115722656,
2.5702412128448486,
-0.2793039083480835,
3.2790651321411133,
1.4301162958145142,
-2.3354055881500244,
-1.4150373935699463,
-2.6576294898986816,
1.4010759592056274,
-0.5802182555198669,
0.8493489623069763,
2.14542293548584,
-3.42380428314209,
1.2587944269180298,
-1.475355863571167,
-1.2078355550765991,
1.129565954208374,
2.150228977203369,
-5.292811393737793,
0.2280307412147522,
2.1996779441833496,
1.9475547075271606,
-0.2570945620536804,
-2.2076480388641357,
-2.0279641151428223,
4.06466817855835,
0.024959366768598557,
-0.5208129286766052,
0.9331955909729004,
1.2673580646514893,
-0.6529058218002319,
-0.9286503195762634,
2.86013126373291,
-1.5102005004882812,
1.4830927848815918,
0.8554387092590332,
1.2794753313064575,
1.3721587657928467,
-3.3936028480529785,
-2.948003053665161,
1.0853400230407715,
-2.9792683124542236,
1.01283860206604,
1.7166982889175415,
1.4297415018081665,
-2.492586851119995,
-1.4579421281814575,
-2.5800652503967285,
0.10914519429206848,
0.525543212890625,
0.6684805750846863,
1.3478221893310547,
2.7177960872650146,
0.08944952487945557,
0.07037973403930664,
-0.5154129862785339,
-0.41394615173339844,
-1.2931406497955322,
-0.45003074407577515,
0.4413830637931824,
-0.43992823362350464,
0.896350622177124,
2.5021462440490723,
3.3004395961761475,
-2.2055089473724365,
-2.5940537452697754,
-1.5814878940582275,
0.049059927463531494,
1.704912781715393,
2.910797119140625,
1.5819624662399292,
1.265744686126709,
0.07084119319915771,
-0.048793286085128784,
-2.5610368251800537,
-3.962805986404419,
0.9986416101455688,
-0.15816017985343933,
-0.3315037488937378,
2.5431909561157227,
1.27034592628479,
-0.982718825340271,
-0.7502336502075195,
0.3642684519290924,
0.09957380592823029,
-2.7806396484375,
-1.8998628854751587,
-0.22236895561218262,
3.506333589553833,
3.312656879425049,
0.35480767488479614,
-1.0943825244903564,
-1.2034809589385986,
0.5790101885795593,
0.2092137634754181,
-0.5563008785247803,
0.569730281829834,
-0.40463632345199585,
0.7992716431617737,
-2.106813430786133,
6.3794403076171875,
-1.9954791069030762,
2.1978859901428223,
-0.0886668860912323,
-0.7169992923736572,
-1.3122667074203491,
3.8611578941345215,
0.7782766819000244,
2.6822569370269775,
2.5714590549468994,
-1.878330945968628,
0.241019606590271,
0.6794949769973755,
1.630927562713623,
0.9489453434944153,
-4.574440002441406,
1.7563425302505493,
1.6235902309417725,
3.8430957794189453,
1.9381192922592163,
0.8523449897766113
] |
why don't we use blimps to explore mars? | several scientists/engineers have thought about this, but it isn't easy. atmospheric pressure in mars is about 0.6% of that of earth. to get a meaningful buoyancy on that atmosphere you'd need a **huge** blimp. it's not worth the cost. this concept would work much better on celestial bodies with a meaningful atmosphere, e.g. venus or titan. the other reason is that a blimp doesn't have much control on where to fly and it can't travel long distances in a reasonable time. if you send an orbiter instead, and put it in a polar orbit, it can observe the whole planet without making us wait too much. | 2 | [] | [] | [] | [
0.03995584696531296,
0.7703800797462463,
-0.17950695753097534,
0.25297024846076965,
-0.22870126366615295,
-1.8862099647521973,
0.5598907470703125,
-0.39241957664489746,
0.43898823857307434,
-0.08748320490121841,
0.5837720632553101,
0.6052961349487305,
-0.6488062143325806,
-0.5422499775886536,
0.5227261781692505,
0.4279950261116028,
0.6010842323303223,
-0.45198971033096313,
-1.226142168045044,
0.24591825902462006,
-0.2644577920436859,
-0.03003404289484024,
-0.23850056529045105,
1.355820655822754,
-1.3356430530548096,
-0.32838907837867737,
-0.782415509223938,
0.34077152609825134,
-0.22405482828617096,
0.600610077381134,
-1.1884572505950928,
-0.5981623530387878,
-0.09203359484672546,
-1.2370094060897827,
0.5616350173950195,
0.45009690523147583,
-0.009995803236961365,
-0.7173473834991455,
-1.7486382722854614,
-0.5999817848205566,
0.26462167501449585,
-0.7986275553703308,
0.7482572197914124,
1.0234912633895874,
-0.34702616930007935,
1.0431406497955322,
0.8833539485931396,
-0.5056307911872864,
-0.5419932007789612,
-0.6370473504066467,
-1.2477322816848755,
-0.6354339122772217,
-0.1582953929901123,
-0.772883951663971,
-1.0030323266983032,
0.25366324186325073,
0.5263749957084656,
-1.2787635326385498,
-0.2920818328857422,
-2.8998613357543945,
-0.16683582961559296,
-0.7314932346343994,
0.339139461517334,
-0.04914512485265732,
1.9017372131347656,
-0.30888357758522034,
-1.1582577228546143,
-0.6202767491340637,
-0.22611156105995178,
1.029303789138794,
-0.8086719512939453,
-0.4978189766407013,
-1.1571749448776245,
-0.6482755541801453,
-0.053081728518009186,
-0.40540438890457153,
1.1846745014190674,
0.6645672917366028,
0.5662012696266174,
0.18437537550926208,
1.0658454895019531,
-1.1218961477279663,
-1.5566259622573853,
0.336715430021286,
0.24186065793037415,
-0.33499875664711,
0.6735578179359436,
1.2390774488449097,
0.3581457734107971,
-0.4485135078430176,
-0.137298122048378,
0.009770497679710388,
-0.1849731206893921,
-0.02553582191467285,
-1.1473984718322754,
0.9766610860824585,
-0.5251170992851257,
-1.0359601974487305,
-0.42173370718955994,
-0.26017773151397705,
0.31653696298599243,
-0.4355323910713196,
-2.1971068382263184,
1.139682412147522,
-0.8021889925003052,
-0.3811597228050232,
1.3846192359924316,
1.3080193996429443,
0.7559284567832947,
0.3460235595703125,
-0.6356252431869507,
-0.0016620606184005737,
0.7292712330818176,
-1.2660915851593018,
-1.577562928199768,
0.32098060846328735,
-1.6624305248260498,
0.873148500919342,
-0.8773627281188965,
-1.3244218826293945,
-0.7438274621963501,
-1.295568823814392,
1.503849983215332,
1.0489572286605835,
1.8764601945877075,
-1.100354552268982,
0.1874159276485443,
0.3220987319946289,
0.28327980637550354,
0.47795337438583374,
2.0676615238189697,
-1.0215167999267578,
-0.4512888193130493,
0.5469177961349487,
-0.19274026155471802,
0.8205506205558777,
1.1584460735321045,
-0.35943418741226196,
-1.3148010969161987,
1.0317306518554688,
1.2715767621994019,
1.606607437133789,
0.9587961435317993,
-0.9512754082679749,
1.0339722633361816,
0.9594806432723999,
0.7931097149848938,
0.10460181534290314,
0.3498457074165344,
-1.8654735088348389,
-1.215153694152832,
-0.1996518075466156,
1.05110502243042,
0.5896321535110474,
0.027888551354408264,
0.9743057489395142,
-0.6713047027587891,
0.1847931295633316,
0.5012281537055969,
0.332664430141449,
-1.7778332233428955,
-0.34851890802383423,
-0.48329979181289673,
0.21924611926078796,
-1.2213561534881592,
0.5339219570159912,
-0.7837156653404236,
-0.5771504640579224,
0.3678169846534729,
0.9550853967666626,
-0.8717196583747864,
-0.8820680379867554,
0.40240004658699036,
-0.8916798233985901,
1.1378700733184814,
-0.39066997170448303,
-1.5321946144104004,
1.1888432502746582,
0.6720069050788879,
0.7192875742912292,
-0.6174399852752686,
0.445518434047699,
2.6311724185943604,
0.8216762542724609,
0.6975427865982056,
-0.06169542670249939,
0.2644560933113098,
0.725997805595398,
-0.7000936269760132,
-0.7731067538261414,
0.5849185585975647,
-0.11112721264362335,
1.1350123882293701,
1.615658164024353,
-0.9204161167144775,
1.0533393621444702,
-1.1362614631652832,
-0.7331842184066772,
-0.03178528696298599,
-0.007185071706771851,
0.09333577752113342,
-1.2323377132415771,
-0.12602224946022034,
-1.1392104625701904,
0.5564088225364685,
-0.5692277550697327,
0.916611909866333,
0.43522050976753235,
-1.4522762298583984,
0.6667860746383667,
1.0223819017410278,
-1.3190990686416626,
-1.1164591312408447,
0.16938088834285736,
1.0122771263122559,
1.154345154762268,
-0.14329110085964203,
-1.3189349174499512,
0.236286461353302,
-0.8804956674575806,
0.3318920135498047,
-0.6253036260604858,
-0.6170424222946167,
-1.6796470880508423,
-0.4406607151031494,
-1.3292009830474854,
-0.7937033772468567,
0.07406800985336304,
0.6165716052055359,
0.8236158490180969,
0.1906265914440155,
-0.7349579334259033,
-0.08838233351707458,
2.169185161590576,
-0.4978940486907959,
-0.7474205493927002,
0.45115232467651367,
-0.9384170174598694,
1.1698081493377686,
-0.41443073749542236,
-0.35983017086982727,
0.0002629980444908142,
-0.5259829759597778,
0.31760793924331665,
0.044698670506477356,
0.42458027601242065,
0.019352290779352188,
-0.40175580978393555,
-0.7535267472267151,
1.2091096639633179,
0.24791789054870605,
0.12217511236667633,
-0.36936965584754944,
0.6705862283706665,
-1.3018583059310913,
1.5038810968399048,
-0.8364895582199097,
-0.7030441761016846,
-0.6173542737960815,
1.2467565536499023,
0.20276784896850586,
0.1657225787639618,
-0.9511821269989014,
0.5002251267433167,
-0.1379700005054474,
0.7670323252677917,
0.4769619405269623,
-0.11332761496305466,
-0.5107229948043823,
0.05148078128695488,
0.4074029326438904,
-0.2720733880996704,
-0.49237680435180664,
-1.128452181816101,
1.1636621952056885,
-0.2319553792476654,
-0.4772898554801941,
0.5106397867202759,
0.4631171226501465,
-0.20221838355064392,
-0.5959675908088684,
0.7821197509765625,
1.134857177734375,
-0.6407259702682495,
2.1767897605895996,
-1.4809300899505615,
-0.9475659132003784,
-0.07673026621341705,
-0.23556700348854065,
-0.3836666941642761,
1.5096876621246338,
2.2596662044525146,
0.36430850625038147,
1.0851410627365112,
1.152356743812561,
-1.1820261478424072,
0.47834473848342896,
1.1577894687652588,
0.6237260699272156,
0.35110342502593994,
1.140669822692871,
-0.2839828133583069,
-1.0385278463363647,
0.6113566160202026,
-1.401884913444519,
0.45364657044410706,
0.6516518592834473,
-0.5222324728965759,
1.4192156791687012,
-0.38810497522354126,
-0.8394275307655334,
-1.9234449863433838,
0.014912590384483337,
0.9358798265457153,
-0.3203124701976776,
0.4160189926624298,
0.14937663078308105,
0.7632350921630859,
0.3559316098690033,
0.21989405155181885,
0.8450681567192078,
-0.12534144520759583,
1.165213704109192,
0.9565381407737732,
-1.9317262172698975,
0.062488555908203125,
0.3178249001502991,
0.06845788657665253,
-0.7287003993988037,
-0.5696917772293091,
0.28309911489486694,
0.05294109880924225,
0.6985689997673035,
0.9115530252456665,
0.8450112342834473,
1.5917259454727173,
1.3882427215576172,
-0.6765546798706055,
-1.2990716695785522,
1.5922932624816895,
-1.1886667013168335,
1.2988176345825195,
0.542153000831604,
-0.13855896890163422,
1.0889335870742798,
1.3968607187271118,
1.4282280206680298,
0.22065410017967224,
0.27532464265823364,
-0.8312332630157471,
-0.9412632584571838,
-0.1379718780517578,
0.2537747025489807,
0.45004433393478394,
0.38846197724342346,
-0.6294904947280884,
-1.1557929515838623,
0.2077307403087616,
0.5981877446174622,
0.3080095648765564,
-0.01112381275743246,
1.7805237770080566,
-0.6179928779602051,
1.278755784034729,
-0.7690858840942383,
1.8214523792266846,
-1.3422629833221436,
-0.9227766990661621,
-0.9902228116989136,
1.4446293115615845,
0.4029576778411865,
-0.018675655126571655,
0.23197364807128906,
-1.6124714612960815,
0.4861123561859131,
-0.013488098978996277,
-0.162436380982399,
-0.2418801188468933,
-0.5983425378799438,
0.3557167053222656,
0.23701335489749908,
0.5335039496421814,
-1.0243102312088013,
0.2507050335407257
] |
|
what would be the purpose for a quartz tube in an induction annealer? | i run a stainless steel tube mill at a factory that creates evaporative condensers. after we weld the tube together we run it through an induction annealer and heat it up to around 2000°f so that we can hydraulically expand it once it's in a unit. the induction coil in the annealer contains a quartz tube. what purpose would this tube serve? | if it is on the inside of the coil, it may be to electrically insulate and protect the induction coil from the tubes. if it is on the outside of the coil, it may be to electrically insulate and protect the induction coil from external material. | 3 | [] | [] | [] | [
-1.1662722826004028,
0.0923222005367279,
-0.6282781362533569,
0.058320533484220505,
-0.6980392932891846,
-0.02486971765756607,
0.7538666725158691,
-0.1612403690814972,
-0.25772130489349365,
0.20005983114242554,
0.4951607286930084,
-0.048161983489990234,
0.0613723024725914,
-0.2552848160266876,
0.2392246425151825,
0.12180058658123016,
-0.09795591980218887,
1.0221869945526123,
-0.15912485122680664,
-0.45919865369796753,
0.1580737978219986,
-0.06977193802595139,
-0.09372850507497787,
0.08306703716516495,
-1.2608258724212646,
-0.3141532838344574,
0.5518187284469604,
-0.4214821457862854,
0.11039730906486511,
-0.39292627573013306,
-0.33460095524787903,
-0.7225595712661743,
-0.9336256980895996,
-0.5375900864601135,
-0.3330133855342865,
0.07771363109350204,
-0.4943132996559143,
-0.017642930150032043,
-0.008046486414968967,
0.20798352360725403,
-0.04274663329124451,
-0.979578971862793,
0.2107301950454712,
0.22362324595451355,
0.3568127453327179,
1.015678882598877,
0.4360940754413605,
-0.5018773674964905,
-0.5709739327430725,
-0.7389534711837769,
0.6488721370697021,
0.18577760457992554,
0.3785371482372284,
-0.1526431143283844,
-0.3562462329864502,
0.11336912214756012,
0.6468818187713623,
-0.30662524700164795,
-1.2427237033843994,
0.4938943684101105,
-0.9115257263183594,
0.091249980032444,
0.5860996842384338,
0.1518557071685791,
-0.15060432255268097,
-0.11732166260480881,
0.3835185170173645,
0.646186351776123,
0.19044440984725952,
-0.49943602085113525,
0.853015661239624,
-0.3482789397239685,
-0.8328078389167786,
-0.1878870278596878,
0.7014729976654053,
0.8064805865287781,
0.45561909675598145,
0.5257546901702881,
0.21223318576812744,
-0.22958332300186157,
-0.29647886753082275,
0.6227601170539856,
-0.3132461905479431,
-0.7140129804611206,
-0.4912201166152954,
1.6258641481399536,
0.2921300232410431,
-0.2973979413509369,
-0.43835991621017456,
-0.10100634396076202,
0.3377555310726166,
0.45521920919418335,
-0.8562302589416504,
0.06001055985689163,
0.46461784839630127,
0.22706691920757294,
0.0448712557554245,
0.02352798730134964,
-0.7049216032028198,
-0.8243794441223145,
-0.3618429899215698,
-0.19386708736419678,
-1.433093786239624,
0.4943304657936096,
-0.7797975540161133,
0.3933963477611542,
0.30102020502090454,
-0.7060906887054443,
-0.44178223609924316,
-0.9504978656768799,
-0.20726734399795532,
-0.5651639699935913,
-0.2663896381855011,
0.04468429088592529,
0.4809756875038147,
-0.8316161036491394,
-0.12145961076021194,
-0.10401931405067444,
0.3241308331489563,
-0.11533574759960175,
0.07753342390060425,
0.028189968317747116,
0.17020262777805328,
0.36963605880737305,
0.15892714262008667,
-0.907494306564331,
0.46021538972854614,
0.039819344878196716,
0.026257844641804695,
0.5809139013290405,
0.09618867933750153,
-0.0702790915966034,
-0.4064111113548279,
0.7410048246383667,
-0.31798744201660156,
-0.2992004454135895,
0.38234958052635193,
1.0340030193328857,
-0.5597288608551025,
0.4241398572921753,
-0.22879335284233093,
0.5531778335571289,
0.7523272037506104,
-0.6365480422973633,
-0.34576088190078735,
-0.2779551148414612,
0.18520566821098328,
-0.39015358686447144,
0.06607956439256668,
0.6152634620666504,
0.01721864752471447,
-0.5755771994590759,
0.33875852823257446,
0.5428256988525391,
-0.4064982533454895,
-0.16252601146697998,
-0.6276000738143921,
0.8490148782730103,
0.6315518021583557,
-0.7125517725944519,
-0.5235034227371216,
0.46802014112472534,
0.14791569113731384,
-0.09536902606487274,
-0.3211403489112854,
0.27337175607681274,
-0.3131369948387146,
0.23039084672927856,
-0.34490299224853516,
-0.3713409900665283,
0.2248041033744812,
0.56670081615448,
0.2812693119049072,
-0.02168828248977661,
-0.0033575445413589478,
-0.6857632398605347,
-0.4565027356147766,
-0.31078293919563293,
0.12933382391929626,
0.17106521129608154,
0.5667272210121155,
-0.06021449714899063,
1.5593481063842773,
-0.1469484269618988,
0.03511720895767212,
0.5525858402252197,
0.6696698665618896,
-0.023286864161491394,
0.006102452985942364,
0.39605748653411865,
0.20447857677936554,
0.0801062285900116,
-0.3236433267593384,
0.19441400468349457,
0.16026711463928223,
-0.7544875144958496,
-0.6901426315307617,
-0.6989669799804688,
-0.19657546281814575,
-0.5935094952583313,
-0.41475069522857666,
-0.3062793016433716,
0.11637389659881592,
0.2670268416404724,
0.05015118047595024,
0.4910764694213867,
0.4540242850780487,
-0.9978227019309998,
-0.43729665875434875,
-0.1479235291481018,
0.11801189184188843,
-0.26928871870040894,
0.8605089783668518,
-0.004569158889353275,
0.043984539806842804,
0.3519146740436554,
-0.3733581602573395,
-0.0031751440837979317,
0.7946873903274536,
-0.09470361471176147,
0.6215740442276001,
0.18704506754875183,
0.8155524730682373,
-0.2432081550359726,
0.4437149465084076,
-0.12219412624835968,
1.0406382083892822,
-0.49391990900039673,
0.05912801995873451,
0.21637168526649475,
0.43584245443344116,
-0.45687565207481384,
-0.5946800708770752,
0.7305150628089905,
0.4226905405521393,
-0.5965067148208618,
-0.42935431003570557,
-0.038016680628061295,
0.22329536080360413,
-0.35148322582244873,
-1.040170669555664,
-0.14417493343353271,
-0.22985157370567322,
0.25429999828338623,
0.3226603865623474,
0.5032269954681396,
0.28363627195358276,
-0.1411404013633728,
0.5351617932319641,
0.11406832933425903,
-1.0723562240600586,
0.33278629183769226,
0.33509695529937744,
0.4288583993911743,
-0.4264761507511139,
0.22761964797973633,
-0.007167503237724304,
0.8243333101272583,
-0.15856987237930298,
-0.6337518692016602,
1.0621330738067627,
0.6609073281288147,
0.3729257881641388,
-1.274684190750122,
0.1708163619041443,
0.21745239198207855,
0.13439014554023743,
0.21498310565948486,
-0.961214542388916,
0.5687354803085327,
-0.22353631258010864,
-0.17360356450080872,
-0.20918859541416168,
0.5860486030578613,
0.0357087068259716,
-0.8621646165847778,
0.34194672107696533,
0.021063964813947678,
0.09828139841556549,
-0.15752921998500824,
-0.004959262907505035,
-0.36610597372055054,
0.40200275182724,
0.45554453134536743,
0.6011795401573181,
-0.7477513551712036,
0.9045822620391846,
-0.7646569013595581,
0.1747949868440628,
0.14574794471263885,
0.3900752663612366,
0.900273323059082,
0.17723339796066284,
-0.28267472982406616,
1.2253005504608154,
0.5286914110183716,
-0.19392430782318115,
-0.15036895871162415,
-0.24820581078529358,
-0.13245992362499237,
0.38288959860801697,
-1.1473214626312256,
-0.2847440838813782,
-0.2567566931247711,
0.14073002338409424,
-0.28576016426086426,
0.0036064162850379944,
0.12453179061412811,
0.3080863356590271,
-1.1747548580169678,
0.17241843044757843,
-0.4210709035396576,
0.3030712306499481,
-0.6001771688461304,
-0.0728045254945755,
0.563204288482666,
0.011207690462470055,
0.968477725982666,
0.11263883113861084,
0.022425848990678787,
-0.1987931877374649,
-0.0860799103975296,
0.9524998664855957,
-1.1873106956481934,
-0.3689791262149811,
-0.16991442441940308,
-0.18679404258728027,
-0.9720429182052612,
-0.026011377573013306,
-0.5762367248535156,
0.3563045859336853,
0.44194871187210083,
0.9479252099990845,
-0.6061446666717529,
0.6282607913017273,
0.7957828044891357,
-0.31917068362236023,
-0.22676898539066315,
0.5572452545166016,
-0.05470063537359238,
-0.016720756888389587,
0.3554426431655884,
-0.2648327052593231,
-0.19248083233833313,
-0.010432407259941101,
-0.1337641179561615,
0.4377288222312927,
0.3287999629974365,
0.3276851177215576,
0.17779791355133057,
0.131658673286438,
0.016366437077522278,
1.361141562461853,
0.8937963247299194,
-0.5019747614860535,
-0.2367783486843109,
-0.5506452322006226,
-0.06749528646469116,
0.13893166184425354,
-0.5027507543563843,
-0.2536076605319977,
-0.4063163101673126,
0.15746039152145386,
0.42987385392189026,
0.16231781244277954,
0.2744663953781128,
0.5828736424446106,
-0.14118584990501404,
-0.894223153591156,
1.3647351264953613,
-0.25946974754333496,
0.44287726283073425,
0.2725232243537903,
-0.2295154333114624,
-0.0173799991607666,
-0.031571242958307266,
-0.2928209602832794,
0.11072580516338348,
-0.5816747546195984,
0.33737438917160034,
-1.14510178565979,
0.22149434685707092,
1.3442113399505615,
-0.11105882376432419
] |
what is the q.m. experiment that proved particles don't have a defined state until measured? | you can prove that quantum states aren't simply a representation of not knowing the true (and already decided) state by using [entangled states](_url_1_). the following is a reply i made to a different post recently, describing such an experiment. the next obvious thing to ask is whether the states are unknown, but perhaps have some hidden variable that we don't know about describing what they'll do at any particular time and under and particular circumstances. the idea is that if we knew this variable, we'd know what was really going on. however, bell came up with the famous [bell's theorem](_url_2_) regarding this idea, giving a hard limit on what a hidden variable could allow. [experiments followed](_url_0_), giving results that were impossible under local (i.e. not breaking light speed information transfer) hidden variables. the whole field is quite complicated, but these two results are some of the main important ones. with them, we prove first that states can't simply be predetermined and unknown and that the quantum wavefunction really is something more than classical uncertainty. from there, we go on to prove with bell's reasoning that there also can't be a simple hidden variable describing things. thus, the quantum state description is real and *not* classical in the ways important to you. | 2 | [] | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_test_experiments",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entangled_quantum_states",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell's_theorem"
] | [
-2.0632591247558594,
-1.7024706602096558,
-1.1512110233306885,
1.9051365852355957,
0.13667798042297363,
0.2704850137233734,
0.3683910667896271,
-2.5113089084625244,
1.1609890460968018,
-1.4634029865264893,
1.3646595478057861,
-1.7928942441940308,
0.32138609886169434,
0.2375975102186203,
2.153367519378662,
-1.4213645458221436,
-0.6476644277572632,
-1.2001802921295166,
-5.444577217102051,
-0.13974669575691223,
4.610718250274658,
-1.056557536125183,
-1.790151834487915,
1.006545901298523,
-0.08425458520650864,
0.008771739900112152,
2.6387135982513428,
-0.6620897054672241,
1.3198449611663818,
-0.7856914401054382,
-1.451124906539917,
1.3258130550384521,
-2.697561740875244,
0.16812138259410858,
-1.9243205785751343,
0.007291704416275024,
0.6983026266098022,
0.8846281170845032,
1.590705156326294,
-0.10705181956291199,
-0.09539066255092621,
0.2855720818042755,
1.1794260740280151,
1.6053276062011719,
-0.3228950798511505,
0.950677752494812,
0.695128321647644,
2.1139726638793945,
-3.1326394081115723,
-1.814281702041626,
-0.5929919481277466,
3.0965218544006348,
-2.132692575454712,
-0.5050908327102661,
-1.111711859703064,
0.005666956305503845,
1.0794072151184082,
-1.7221508026123047,
-1.3705108165740967,
-1.3413830995559692,
-0.40920668840408325,
-0.45054513216018677,
-0.22398340702056885,
0.9177059531211853,
3.4859366416931152,
1.616463303565979,
-0.058087725192308426,
-1.6124688386917114,
1.8732928037643433,
2.2183148860931396,
0.5808666944503784,
2.3187034130096436,
-2.8973548412323,
2.114595651626587,
0.43221515417099,
-0.07639211416244507,
-0.00665612518787384,
4.2305474281311035,
1.9269745349884033,
0.3410862684249878,
1.325331211090088,
-2.1113762855529785,
-0.7738640904426575,
0.7038134336471558,
-1.7405821084976196,
0.8399046659469604,
0.2683681845664978,
-0.2246246188879013,
1.522265911102295,
-1.1207849979400635,
-0.5063612461090088,
-3.9887187480926514,
-1.8027900457382202,
1.0546820163726807,
-0.13211724162101746,
0.6383371353149414,
1.2441102266311646,
0.14444783329963684,
0.7396358251571655,
0.6822671890258789,
-2.2376701831817627,
1.8082871437072754,
-2.8701863288879395,
-0.835689902305603,
0.21755532920360565,
-0.30318590998649597,
1.0244314670562744,
-1.3407047986984253,
1.9626519680023193,
0.6359544396400452,
0.15580497682094574,
-1.3768322467803955,
1.3374669551849365,
-2.0997238159179688,
-1.1903653144836426,
-2.455545425415039,
2.513979196548462,
1.545375943183899,
-0.9177480936050415,
-2.73707914352417,
-0.2910240590572357,
0.4743904173374176,
1.967280626296997,
-0.008874118328094482,
0.1475352644920349,
1.121541976928711,
-0.7110892534255981,
0.7884552478790283,
1.4333642721176147,
-0.4344608783721924,
2.080613136291504,
-1.9195547103881836,
-1.0857371091842651,
1.5960675477981567,
0.6153080463409424,
-2.779784917831421,
1.9628217220306396,
0.13216105103492737,
-2.506913900375366,
2.9966118335723877,
-0.5770489573478699,
-0.7445859909057617,
2.5392496585845947,
1.8535757064819336,
-0.04644959419965744,
1.120358943939209,
2.1400625705718994,
-0.3469487428665161,
0.6891589164733887,
-1.394032597541809,
-0.8857012391090393,
-2.652033805847168,
-0.6567732095718384,
-2.2530651092529297,
0.3371143341064453,
-0.6118189096450806,
-2.059983491897583,
0.29389622807502747,
-0.2978302240371704,
1.2553914785385132,
-0.2798849940299988,
2.3661344051361084,
1.5136258602142334,
1.5191218852996826,
1.890607476234436,
1.3125298023223877,
0.9111912250518799,
-0.7154974341392517,
1.3376039266586304,
-0.17103981971740723,
0.5261203050613403,
-0.5733942985534668,
-0.6924207210540771,
-2.6397571563720703,
-1.4600176811218262,
-1.284325122833252,
-4.50789213180542,
-0.6696999073028564,
-1.0388848781585693,
1.5239527225494385,
0.1394493579864502,
-2.7354044914245605,
1.7555711269378662,
0.5875986218452454,
0.4467378258705139,
1.3231943845748901,
-0.4191283583641052,
1.0237677097320557,
-0.9234460592269897,
0.44087573885917664,
1.079880714416504,
-0.6418441534042358,
-0.7938595414161682,
2.014431953430176,
-0.6460474729537964,
-2.0450804233551025,
0.5946113467216492,
-1.5697104930877686,
-1.3154852390289307,
1.0422556400299072,
-2.008479356765747,
-0.5616054534912109,
0.8236303329467773,
-1.3585838079452515,
-0.14318227767944336,
-1.0578770637512207,
2.599435329437256,
-1.6153466701507568,
-2.630742073059082,
-0.5833415985107422,
-0.894923985004425,
1.0152560472488403,
-1.7407076358795166,
-1.3969643115997314,
-1.1834818124771118,
0.35591065883636475,
-2.0986950397491455,
-2.4143669605255127,
-1.2921068668365479,
1.521162986755371,
0.8564901351928711,
-0.47444915771484375,
0.3717993497848511,
-1.9023181200027466,
-2.576307773590088,
0.7189946174621582,
-1.1797066926956177,
1.5870368480682373,
-0.8037874102592468,
-0.3769000470638275,
2.1482632160186768,
-1.0740966796875,
2.355343818664551,
2.334733724594116,
-0.014965750277042389,
0.2909809648990631,
0.6804572343826294,
-0.2747163474559784,
-0.2109365463256836,
-0.6184156537055969,
-1.6235289573669434,
-0.9218567609786987,
-0.8982001543045044,
-0.45260724425315857,
-1.4971519708633423,
-1.375244140625,
-2.344578981399536,
-1.5246504545211792,
-0.07623760402202606,
2.2249200344085693,
-1.4503467082977295,
-0.9824878573417664,
-1.8704664707183838,
0.6938887238502502,
1.8533821105957031,
0.14313191175460815,
-1.1588895320892334,
1.0920708179473877,
-2.631350040435791,
-0.2558465898036957,
3.5731842517852783,
-0.28664520382881165,
0.234176903963089,
-1.4825596809387207,
0.4409191608428955,
2.269688129425049,
0.9989142417907715,
0.13867810368537903,
-0.4635215699672699,
0.18323096632957458,
1.5083355903625488,
0.893750786781311,
-0.17694173753261566,
-0.06069311499595642,
2.7173352241516113,
-1.765289545059204,
-0.0017948448657989502,
-1.1113457679748535,
-3.468364953994751,
-0.5311304330825806,
-0.7698730826377869,
-2.26457142829895,
0.25653892755508423,
-0.5566373467445374,
0.230695903301239,
-0.7082536220550537,
1.4024755954742432,
1.694338321685791,
0.48194000124931335,
-2.360992431640625,
-1.6119693517684937,
2.580967426300049,
2.226837396621704,
-2.0298070907592773,
2.468337059020996,
0.12485885620117188,
-1.8348445892333984,
-1.362173318862915,
1.8188873529434204,
2.9904613494873047,
0.24508273601531982,
-0.36776039004325867,
-2.017688274383545,
2.045400857925415,
0.040748029947280884,
1.564286708831787,
1.2602399587631226,
-0.1688448190689087,
3.561636447906494,
0.46504509449005127,
0.1256948560476303,
-1.687206745147705,
1.412051796913147,
1.1576200723648071,
-3.2589223384857178,
2.44726824760437,
-2.7569775581359863,
2.1387500762939453,
1.9643323421478271,
1.0422531366348267,
-0.282886803150177,
-0.4280183017253876,
-1.8122584819793701,
-0.6489628553390503,
0.46735596656799316,
0.8160403370857239,
0.06805197894573212,
-1.474634051322937,
-0.6424530744552612,
0.6973491907119751,
-1.8027993440628052,
1.4708490371704102,
-1.717206358909607,
-0.7190706133842468,
2.0572798252105713,
2.3806967735290527,
-1.1784770488739014,
-0.9933000802993774,
-0.5522725582122803,
2.545501232147217,
1.821446418762207,
1.4933327436447144,
-0.3075654208660126,
1.8462640047073364,
1.125494360923767,
-0.6191725134849548,
-0.1566607505083084,
1.7705589532852173,
-1.1906521320343018,
3.290632486343384,
-0.4592209458351135,
1.5827445983886719,
2.775305986404419,
1.2059136629104614,
0.7643002271652222,
-1.1660659313201904,
-0.5048773288726807,
0.5234196186065674,
0.6898183822631836,
0.73463374376297,
-1.644135594367981,
-1.0143789052963257,
-0.5963069200515747,
4.808567523956299,
0.19291295111179352,
1.0874335765838623,
-1.4463250637054443,
-2.688298225402832,
-0.9869682788848877,
1.4278137683868408,
-0.6122100353240967,
1.8026659488677979,
-0.6088764071464539,
-0.18189579248428345,
1.6587624549865723,
-0.3708408772945404,
-1.3604133129119873,
-1.5174107551574707,
-2.505070686340332,
-0.3616635203361511,
0.9469524621963501,
1.0782370567321777,
1.446407675743103,
1.10638427734375
] |
|
future time travel in a high mass chamber. how much mass are we talking about here? | so the concept of travel to the future inside a high mass chamber is intriguing. according to general relativity, gravitational time dilation will work as a method of time travel but this is obviously going to involve an incredible force of gravity to affect the lightwaves from an incredible amount of mass. so, just how much mass are we talking about? and how big would this chamber need to be? would you need it as dense as possible and as small as possible to get that kind of gravitational force? | if you could stand on a neutron star time would tick more slowly for you by about 30 percent. i am not sure it is possible to create an object where you would experience more gravity without creating a black hole. if you fell into one the entire history of the universe would pass before you experienced any time at all. | 2 | [] | [] | [] | [
-0.25234541296958923,
-0.1907539665699005,
0.46153688430786133,
0.23561465740203857,
-0.15252119302749634,
-0.7474595904350281,
-1.4402635097503662,
-0.3735395073890686,
0.4079839587211609,
-0.9259186387062073,
0.4728583097457886,
-0.10391555726528168,
0.05020987242460251,
0.02987094223499298,
0.1284676492214203,
-0.485220730304718,
-0.5092566609382629,
0.025511503219604492,
-0.9714157581329346,
-0.6441121101379395,
-0.6144378185272217,
-0.16869112849235535,
-0.7641480565071106,
0.4078487753868103,
-0.7040258049964905,
0.6437993049621582,
-0.20774680376052856,
0.06635817885398865,
0.00784323364496231,
-0.7380714416503906,
-0.00895032286643982,
-1.1503198146820068,
1.0309464931488037,
-0.39886924624443054,
-0.577743649482727,
0.9311004877090454,
0.29755496978759766,
0.3461982011795044,
-0.5207462310791016,
-1.2555373907089233,
-0.17892003059387207,
0.5094112157821655,
0.7287339568138123,
0.578972578048706,
0.5324891805648804,
0.5180496573448181,
0.1555427461862564,
-0.10346728563308716,
-0.633769690990448,
0.4408806562423706,
-0.2029118686914444,
-0.047740388661623,
0.4982217252254486,
-0.7695371508598328,
-1.0551555156707764,
1.094369888305664,
0.5671104192733765,
-1.4225764274597168,
0.29035285115242004,
-0.4665379524230957,
-0.9385921359062195,
-0.14844921231269836,
0.3938915729522705,
0.20292523503303528,
0.05379872024059296,
0.9468660950660706,
0.08757168054580688,
0.4354000389575958,
-0.05347292125225067,
1.217031717300415,
-0.41068583726882935,
0.08316677808761597,
-0.4507715106010437,
-0.34730756282806396,
0.7623186111450195,
0.12263552844524384,
0.495479941368103,
0.20664602518081665,
-0.10990454256534576,
0.5014732480049133,
-0.17679783701896667,
1.3521699905395508,
-0.11094500124454498,
-0.5967641472816467,
-0.2529953122138977,
0.49543529748916626,
0.8361501693725586,
0.7778797745704651,
0.6505284905433655,
-0.5529472827911377,
-0.5032456517219543,
-0.6472437977790833,
-0.10485848784446716,
-0.29519757628440857,
-0.5254994034767151,
1.397820234298706,
-0.6541661620140076,
-1.2341890335083008,
0.8566580414772034,
-0.2536005973815918,
0.07665818929672241,
-0.038482874631881714,
-1.4173663854599,
1.008263111114502,
0.8563803434371948,
0.2395537942647934,
0.08321405947208405,
0.648551881313324,
-0.14593200385570526,
0.4604344666004181,
1.0024094581604004,
-0.38530516624450684,
1.1520529985427856,
-0.7998627424240112,
0.059824615716934204,
-0.5005730390548706,
-0.08720418810844421,
0.6245213150978088,
-0.19245687127113342,
-0.2867864668369293,
-0.5746490955352783,
-0.1174640953540802,
0.7077115774154663,
-0.10552968084812164,
0.728917121887207,
-0.5807815790176392,
1.0701524019241333,
0.42758068442344666,
0.027380459010601044,
-1.4816275835037231,
0.7344791889190674,
-1.0540425777435303,
0.34851545095443726,
0.046251848340034485,
-0.2962706685066223,
0.6546913385391235,
0.5593006610870361,
-0.4969901740550995,
0.8393700122833252,
-0.6930675506591797,
0.9168274402618408,
0.17972737550735474,
0.11794491112232208,
0.5820343494415283,
0.8529707193374634,
0.3762512505054474,
1.0244309902191162,
-0.37403762340545654,
-0.15263056755065918,
-1.390786051750183,
-0.2519955635070801,
-0.35712093114852905,
0.4619351327419281,
0.3278190493583679,
-0.34730201959609985,
0.9396885633468628,
0.25937846302986145,
-0.9117720127105713,
-0.6864316463470459,
-0.1434512883424759,
-0.7831531167030334,
0.6085408926010132,
0.6928071975708008,
0.4999004900455475,
0.40228962898254395,
0.9847079515457153,
0.15520991384983063,
-0.24148130416870117,
1.1504533290863037,
-0.02370595932006836,
-0.3795158565044403,
-1.0904039144515991,
-0.19085752964019775,
-0.8481187224388123,
0.6026253700256348,
-0.05838151276111603,
-1.2878429889678955,
-0.059907473623752594,
-0.10475265979766846,
1.3748469352722168,
0.46750539541244507,
0.22066599130630493,
0.9276225566864014,
0.6830397844314575,
0.013871308416128159,
-0.16557857394218445,
-0.25907453894615173,
0.4539421498775482,
-0.547203004360199,
-0.34431180357933044,
1.4174389839172363,
0.4690900444984436,
-0.2283477932214737,
-0.3873484432697296,
-0.7478435039520264,
0.11203727126121521,
-0.7879039645195007,
0.12129398435354233,
-0.5221430063247681,
-0.4378952980041504,
-1.5944700241088867,
-0.9357767105102539,
-0.5031484365463257,
-0.9057010412216187,
-0.336017906665802,
0.1571829915046692,
0.21438844501972198,
0.6686872243881226,
-0.06828802824020386,
-0.10060811787843704,
-0.253129243850708,
-1.3944542407989502,
0.1665043830871582,
0.676934003829956,
0.008830089122056961,
0.452411413192749,
-0.6411150693893433,
-0.5773957967758179,
0.09237951040267944,
-0.4635779857635498,
0.7929288744926453,
-0.5431081056594849,
-1.1145050525665283,
-0.30989935994148254,
0.228596031665802,
-0.27234983444213867,
0.5254428386688232,
0.815152645111084,
0.589320182800293,
0.32463574409484863,
-0.4598400592803955,
1.2695664167404175,
-0.7167117595672607,
0.8549880385398865,
0.43925338983535767,
0.25924181938171387,
0.19851288199424744,
-1.3347609043121338,
0.3815871775150299,
1.266763687133789,
0.6322233080863953,
0.08564397692680359,
-0.18134452402591705,
0.6992861032485962,
0.8335981369018555,
0.2885248363018036,
0.07558511942625046,
-0.3831135630607605,
0.3073630928993225,
0.2722095251083374,
1.111505389213562,
-0.5024061799049377,
-0.7291148900985718,
0.12245362997055054,
-0.45783886313438416,
0.8563501238822937,
-0.3755207657814026,
-0.465658962726593,
-0.526715874671936,
-0.6281342506408691,
0.012055575847625732,
0.07270621508359909,
-0.9321604371070862,
-0.4371829628944397,
-0.24087336659431458,
1.4022406339645386,
0.7027379274368286,
0.1556461751461029,
-1.1661874055862427,
-0.8064509034156799,
-0.345104843378067,
1.373680591583252,
0.5833029747009277,
0.3968328833580017,
-0.6754186153411865,
-0.37064456939697266,
0.44276338815689087,
-0.002860046923160553,
-0.18759669363498688,
0.4283983111381531,
-0.02220659703016281,
-0.726844310760498,
0.0006197094917297363,
-0.05056688189506531,
-0.30041953921318054,
-1.230682373046875,
0.7126372456550598,
-0.9483285546302795,
1.1654447317123413,
-0.06526349484920502,
-0.3018132448196411,
2.1404829025268555,
-0.338691383600235,
0.011734411120414734,
1.0447105169296265,
0.4351561665534973,
-1.1569268703460693,
0.9342734813690186,
-0.41106921434402466,
-0.3051908612251282,
0.40767139196395874,
-0.7911115884780884,
-0.944945216178894,
0.35000354051589966,
-0.7775235176086426,
0.6236552000045776,
0.4032110869884491,
0.9658585786819458,
0.14598318934440613,
-0.6828012466430664,
-0.786091148853302,
-1.0148268938064575,
0.6017216444015503,
0.11642356216907501,
-0.17429718375205994,
0.1444655954837799,
0.22425341606140137,
0.318953275680542,
-0.4181390404701233,
-0.12554824352264404,
0.6546674370765686,
-0.5943925380706787,
0.16289380192756653,
0.4256429672241211,
-0.5126091837882996,
0.43377023935317993,
0.8639142513275146,
-0.3783198595046997,
-0.8907206058502197,
0.16431747376918793,
-0.8293534517288208,
0.3150169253349304,
0.7118255496025085,
-0.19571354985237122,
0.32731789350509644,
0.5507814884185791,
0.604089617729187,
-1.2226284742355347,
-0.5886673927307129,
0.9884337186813354,
-0.031767189502716064,
0.08605274558067322,
0.5224829912185669,
0.4954977035522461,
0.4281749725341797,
-0.041083596646785736,
0.7787226438522339,
-0.25094789266586304,
-0.36134013533592224,
-0.1035473495721817,
-0.6260851621627808,
-0.7219265103340149,
0.0512847900390625,
0.20091262459754944,
0.47179922461509705,
-0.9540886282920837,
-0.32874226570129395,
-0.5205343961715698,
1.0725542306900024,
0.35534775257110596,
-0.14578349888324738,
0.7985353469848633,
0.3646891117095947,
0.6294950246810913,
-0.5984373092651367,
0.19327324628829956,
-1.0891294479370117,
-0.8915920257568359,
-0.411898136138916,
0.5466201305389404,
-0.28271055221557617,
1.4823964834213257,
-0.026407316327095032,
-1.2068662643432617,
0.8127948045730591,
-0.22259938716888428,
-0.38717788457870483,
-0.20911987125873566,
-0.746300458908081,
0.4261568784713745,
0.8387835025787354,
-0.20706233382225037,
-0.49880173802375793,
-0.5260447859764099
] |
given an object with an uneven shape being held by 2 wires of unequal lengths, would the tension forces on the wires be equal? | say you have an item hanging on to 2 wires of uneven lengths, would the tension be the same? i tried doing a free body diagram and i came up with both ropes feeling the same tension. though i could've been wrong in my procedure. i asked but he said in theory it would be the same, but realistically it would probably be different. so if they are different is there a way to compute for the tension felt by each rope? edit: [refer to this image](_url_0_) | the net force required to hold up the object will be divided between the wires so as to result in zero net torque also (otherwise the object would be spinning!). for your particular picture the balance of the forces between the two strings would likely be uneven assuming the object has a uniform density. at a first glance i would expect the right wire to be under greater tension. | 7 | [] | [
"http://i.imgur.com/FL4TPbM.png"
] | [] | [
-1.2694835662841797,
0.2996116578578949,
-0.14818157255649567,
-0.19192779064178467,
-0.2786250710487366,
0.008370935916900635,
0.03743303194642067,
0.28808239102363586,
0.48801764845848083,
0.4982871413230896,
0.3773540258407593,
0.7548655867576599,
0.1861066371202469,
0.6678943634033203,
0.35111287236213684,
0.46213260293006897,
-0.6572415828704834,
0.406704843044281,
-0.8777965903282166,
1.0567601919174194,
0.9562972784042358,
-0.1534038782119751,
-0.6123524904251099,
-0.5818527340888977,
-0.9408164024353027,
-0.2692558169364929,
-0.21267718076705933,
0.4151928424835205,
0.5815943479537964,
-0.7818021774291992,
-0.7571665048599243,
-0.34191492199897766,
-0.05128398537635803,
0.10992022603750229,
-0.8460834622383118,
-0.15546903014183044,
-0.0922943651676178,
-0.2509656250476837,
0.1297587901353836,
0.43622565269470215,
-0.3919309973716736,
-0.13873237371444702,
0.4921773076057434,
0.009348424151539803,
-0.04528418928384781,
1.2087063789367676,
0.3647269606590271,
-0.10039657354354858,
0.49376118183135986,
-0.09007196128368378,
-0.36466294527053833,
0.996538519859314,
0.5418826341629028,
-0.5195964574813843,
0.6736913919448853,
0.018406584858894348,
0.7706571817398071,
-1.1168785095214844,
-0.9260106086730957,
-0.037261709570884705,
0.5634406805038452,
0.1786590814590454,
-0.15397031605243683,
0.061242878437042236,
1.0024687051773071,
0.15292219817638397,
0.07301583886146545,
0.32813042402267456,
-1.129341959953308,
0.7610845565795898,
0.07670222222805023,
-0.509817898273468,
-0.8207498788833618,
-0.5327515602111816,
1.0973544120788574,
-0.733791708946228,
-0.22165684401988983,
0.6542632579803467,
-0.13849502801895142,
0.48967307806015015,
-0.5681768655776978,
-0.07577652484178543,
-1.1258103847503662,
0.39101123809814453,
-0.9660822153091431,
0.7055660486221313,
1.0507638454437256,
-0.1687491238117218,
0.3564375340938568,
-0.028824660927057266,
-0.30834144353866577,
0.5108177661895752,
-0.6377831697463989,
0.1734010875225067,
0.25968682765960693,
1.1941020488739014,
-0.2933795750141144,
-0.9747962951660156,
-0.3522432744503021,
-0.39522451162338257,
0.34661048650741577,
-0.05717260390520096,
-1.482210636138916,
0.42070090770721436,
-0.5329247713088989,
0.1512279063463211,
-0.2491448074579239,
0.09581788629293442,
-0.34310591220855713,
0.14741718769073486,
0.30018508434295654,
-0.250575989484787,
0.20957404375076294,
-0.14593051373958588,
-0.7781036496162415,
-0.5665259957313538,
0.6087693572044373,
0.12864503264427185,
-0.03842412307858467,
-0.4996548295021057,
0.20830769836902618,
-0.5203219056129456,
-0.4378505349159241,
0.09160622209310532,
0.6823943853378296,
-0.5893505215644836,
0.10566921532154083,
0.17947444319725037,
-0.33862772583961487,
-0.628061056137085,
0.7746344804763794,
-0.7425326704978943,
0.15166518092155457,
-0.4069652557373047,
-1.1170059442520142,
0.27669578790664673,
1.0894217491149902,
0.6921883821487427,
-0.6346092224121094,
0.3474719822406769,
0.3906320035457611,
0.8260576725006104,
0.38286569714546204,
-0.8195509910583496,
0.030702978372573853,
-0.4459100365638733,
-0.8593623042106628,
0.32256844639778137,
-0.4555271565914154,
-0.14068077504634857,
0.2405383288860321,
-0.9281599521636963,
0.19672800600528717,
0.42704296112060547,
-0.5021762251853943,
-0.12993088364601135,
-0.13853749632835388,
0.4666683077812195,
0.24980929493904114,
0.01476261019706726,
-0.6986636519432068,
0.6731047034263611,
-0.22727906703948975,
0.35532453656196594,
0.33686795830726624,
0.6819372177124023,
-0.23763766884803772,
-0.026497498154640198,
0.47207385301589966,
-0.043146826326847076,
-0.13169270753860474,
0.31157606840133667,
0.05111868679523468,
-0.5206594467163086,
0.1337609440088272,
0.055208832025527954,
-1.837306022644043,
0.06861433386802673,
0.31123119592666626,
1.000948190689087,
0.6798019409179688,
-0.09526128321886063,
1.5116889476776123,
-0.5266733765602112,
0.2588229179382324,
0.7185518741607666,
-0.6541864275932312,
-0.06641115248203278,
0.025906741619110107,
-0.046120524406433105,
0.6640218496322632,
0.04448661953210831,
0.2980085611343384,
1.1131255626678467,
-0.7468565702438354,
0.23287683725357056,
-0.4484490156173706,
-0.4001283645629883,
-1.0870144367218018,
-0.06778205931186676,
-0.4238424599170685,
-0.2840058505535126,
-0.14680975675582886,
0.34407201409339905,
-1.283461093902588,
0.09725925326347351,
1.293444275856018,
-1.1053346395492554,
-0.9020700454711914,
0.7332358360290527,
0.34472545981407166,
-2.1354598999023438,
-0.48608240485191345,
0.0732288658618927,
0.6286988258361816,
0.15727996826171875,
-0.5341547131538391,
-0.5077952742576599,
-0.8726032972335815,
-0.1794031262397766,
0.5254486203193665,
0.49631696939468384,
0.844208836555481,
-0.7121296525001526,
-0.8415226936340332,
0.556788444519043,
-0.7385568618774414,
0.6214979887008667,
0.21157974004745483,
0.3654891848564148,
0.5386975407600403,
-0.541694164276123,
-0.4990825951099396,
1.4015686511993408,
0.6667776107788086,
-0.7533726692199707,
-1.2141616344451904,
1.2590395212173462,
0.5074024796485901,
-1.0289866924285889,
-0.6213393807411194,
-0.1944703608751297,
0.2153143584728241,
0.09665419906377792,
1.088914155960083,
-0.04531020671129227,
1.7837674617767334,
0.24619732797145844,
0.3232136368751526,
0.0569877102971077,
-0.16336575150489807,
-0.3205112814903259,
-0.16712063550949097,
0.8403794765472412,
0.06240043044090271,
-0.16279180347919464,
0.8927085399627686,
0.40566983819007874,
-1.0114465951919556,
-0.6229175925254822,
-0.20173786580562592,
0.40674084424972534,
0.8109147548675537,
-1.3915456533432007,
0.5403441190719604,
0.6965221762657166,
1.5187642574310303,
0.33867979049682617,
-1.1295968294143677,
-1.1571763753890991,
-0.18390904366970062,
0.012973353266716003,
0.45307478308677673,
-0.6873605847358704,
0.11297941207885742,
-0.4426834285259247,
-0.07504169642925262,
-0.548094630241394,
-0.22893360257148743,
0.2680527865886688,
-1.1187691688537598,
-0.6849803924560547,
1.1725672483444214,
0.8856419324874878,
-0.2946639657020569,
-0.3774909973144531,
-0.10588690638542175,
-0.6674085259437561,
1.607082486152649,
0.15326793491840363,
-0.2028816044330597,
0.7356301546096802,
0.32099127769470215,
0.2993153929710388,
0.8160904049873352,
1.54194974899292,
0.2822464108467102,
-0.19454719126224518,
-0.08705106377601624,
0.5615130066871643,
1.4188624620437622,
-0.23668986558914185,
-0.2866336703300476,
0.3386247456073761,
-0.6254124641418457,
0.6107704043388367,
-0.0627351775765419,
0.24625059962272644,
-0.4580809473991394,
-0.14115051925182343,
-0.1756262332201004,
0.14714673161506653,
0.07966542989015579,
0.21688386797904968,
-0.6419632434844971,
0.7982267141342163,
1.029281497001648,
0.8298162221908569,
0.03085954114794731,
0.1897261142730713,
-0.5101498365402222,
-0.32568949460983276,
0.13440236449241638,
-0.2360106110572815,
-0.5441450476646423,
0.7499527931213379,
0.10974028706550598,
-1.3614580631256104,
-0.09538526833057404,
0.2608894407749176,
0.7366545796394348,
0.05855591595172882,
0.0674789547920227,
0.4721519947052002,
0.6237673759460449,
0.4383506178855896,
-0.6837869882583618,
-0.7821011543273926,
-0.5621199607849121,
0.3556852340698242,
0.07606848329305649,
-0.5655872225761414,
-0.03997887670993805,
0.60367351770401,
-0.39311155676841736,
-0.9627977609634399,
-0.49743637442588806,
-0.32858040928840637,
-0.2650464177131653,
0.08792835474014282,
-0.1304149031639099,
0.020708072930574417,
0.6132970452308655,
0.5288308262825012,
-0.7523519396781921,
-0.2074010670185089,
-0.714245080947876,
-0.3436979651451111,
-0.6011738181114197,
0.11912569403648376,
-0.2803277373313904,
-0.45837798714637756,
-0.9332548379898071,
1.2682374715805054,
0.6808516979217529,
1.0117632150650024,
0.4632522463798523,
-0.6998516321182251,
-0.9565669298171997,
0.38731783628463745,
0.5305604338645935,
1.3117752075195312,
0.7289963364601135,
-0.4366995096206665,
0.4544007480144501,
-0.019247472286224365,
-0.4497567415237427,
0.8191754817962646,
-1.3211262226104736,
0.09628818929195404,
-1.1746015548706055,
0.4850945472717285,
0.07721502333879471,
0.3454413414001465
] |
anyone know what kind of spider this is? found it on the door seal of my truck this morning . | [here is the picture](_url_0_) | i'm not an entomologist, but that's a goldenrod crab spider. lives all over the place. they're yellow or white, depending on what flower they're hunting in. | 12 | [] | [
"http://imgur.com/JvtIX"
] | [] | [
0.21484804153442383,
0.38960739970207214,
0.36824870109558105,
0.2103208601474762,
0.36990809440612793,
-0.8741600513458252,
0.4658782482147217,
-0.5393797159194946,
0.14114126563072205,
-0.17848582565784454,
0.09659065306186676,
-0.4896785020828247,
-0.066002756357193,
-0.29179200530052185,
-0.3548361361026764,
-0.22695350646972656,
-0.18759651482105255,
-0.23698288202285767,
0.09868508577346802,
1.0089795589447021,
-0.10092469304800034,
0.23919115960597992,
0.1896115243434906,
0.3191855251789093,
-0.9495774507522583,
0.0930769145488739,
-0.3913310468196869,
0.10065855085849762,
-0.7032953500747681,
-0.08319538831710815,
-0.4855273962020874,
0.43638527393341064,
-0.8522672653198242,
0.05234983563423157,
0.47410452365875244,
-0.46554669737815857,
-0.7825989723205566,
-0.16965849697589874,
1.2944937944412231,
-0.16058135032653809,
0.21164563298225403,
-0.02904564142227173,
-0.172477126121521,
0.4503791928291321,
-0.5577718019485474,
0.4821980595588684,
-0.4675711393356323,
-0.3755182921886444,
-0.45731180906295776,
-0.7349043488502502,
0.21205469965934753,
-0.4111064672470093,
-0.7630037665367126,
0.11506040394306183,
0.44708725810050964,
-0.02158389240503311,
-0.19186219573020935,
-0.3575981855392456,
0.2804490029811859,
0.02063208818435669,
0.568947970867157,
0.19235387444496155,
-0.32399991154670715,
0.585618257522583,
0.0853348970413208,
-0.566792368888855,
-0.9617887139320374,
-0.3949976861476898,
0.42582017183303833,
-0.5882526636123657,
0.5469024181365967,
0.3234163224697113,
-0.21232543885707855,
0.9543216228485107,
-0.2721567153930664,
0.4772116243839264,
0.39281225204467773,
-0.5216189622879028,
0.23958009481430054,
-0.14656195044517517,
-0.8373916149139404,
-0.52125084400177,
0.09124908596277237,
0.7512873411178589,
0.5421058535575867,
0.484950989484787,
0.27152299880981445,
0.1845717877149582,
0.069692462682724,
0.5390275120735168,
0.05808602273464203,
-0.2741505205631256,
-0.5638290643692017,
-0.1689557433128357,
-0.9833745956420898,
0.311374306678772,
1.1986782550811768,
0.18160319328308105,
-0.7504632472991943,
0.11355124413967133,
0.005104526877403259,
-0.1202118843793869,
0.7123336791992188,
0.052450478076934814,
0.42793571949005127,
0.2310762107372284,
-0.4546501934528351,
-0.5463595390319824,
0.6177073121070862,
0.6503470540046692,
-0.0764150470495224,
0.13555294275283813,
0.046009764075279236,
0.22092953324317932,
-0.9696820378303528,
-0.7587544918060303,
-0.19845208525657654,
-0.27890220284461975,
-0.3628617525100708,
-0.34925103187561035,
0.10045696794986725,
-0.16805803775787354,
-0.18856404721736908,
-0.23711654543876648,
0.5057600140571594,
-0.07466830313205719,
-0.8213663101196289,
0.6451607346534729,
0.4494604170322418,
0.5556870698928833,
0.1043037474155426,
-0.2803576588630676,
0.06892742961645126,
-0.2478448450565338,
-0.5494402050971985,
0.40602433681488037,
0.0637773871421814,
0.27752771973609924,
-0.8688588738441467,
0.48973578214645386,
-0.4483424425125122,
-0.3248322308063507,
0.4669238328933716,
-0.030145123600959778,
0.2756665349006653,
-0.3912753164768219,
-0.8091410994529724,
-0.2208862602710724,
-0.7990722060203552,
0.2560402452945709,
-1.313422679901123,
-0.14746125042438507,
-0.5362529754638672,
0.3248920440673828,
-0.9184309244155884,
-0.19095394015312195,
-0.5907643437385559,
0.8291966319084167,
1.4871188402175903,
-0.21719184517860413,
-0.05052425339818001,
0.8974002599716187,
0.009800761938095093,
0.10528591275215149,
-0.2034817636013031,
-0.34305310249328613,
-0.393862783908844,
-0.10993272066116333,
0.6187211871147156,
0.39735305309295654,
0.026902467012405396,
0.20825564861297607,
0.12606647610664368,
-0.3741610050201416,
0.3620764911174774,
-0.16939574480056763,
-0.4989784359931946,
0.6100993156433105,
0.8903852701187134,
0.469342440366745,
-0.2600683271884918,
-0.0666283369064331,
0.6164577007293701,
0.5715571641921997,
0.25579556822776794,
-0.836014986038208,
-0.24495021998882294,
-0.007840484380722046,
0.2523805797100067,
-0.34902921319007874,
0.05528220534324646,
0.13044370710849762,
0.8144276142120361,
0.4678902328014374,
-0.5567375421524048,
0.7275586128234863,
0.2242216169834137,
0.023991018533706665,
0.545582115650177,
-0.06710344552993774,
0.16141200065612793,
-1.072380542755127,
-0.23693116009235382,
-0.13289077579975128,
0.6441210508346558,
0.14912579953670502,
0.1752060055732727,
-0.4992676377296448,
0.48632439970970154,
-0.1081143245100975,
-0.2667156457901001,
-0.5192434191703796,
-0.987714409828186,
0.018162548542022705,
0.48967891931533813,
-0.3561375141143799,
0.02185942232608795,
-0.19117794930934906,
0.8555544018745422,
-0.14618000388145447,
-0.3502403497695923,
-0.7568249106407166,
-0.22309961915016174,
-0.46775364875793457,
-0.3802036643028259,
-0.5889770984649658,
0.32906556129455566,
-0.1786164939403534,
0.13637277483940125,
0.28116512298583984,
-0.4135442078113556,
0.15667781233787537,
0.18544013798236847,
0.035112202167510986,
-0.8239363431930542,
0.5050051212310791,
-0.02709205448627472,
-0.13180750608444214,
0.4549565315246582,
-0.5082423686981201,
0.8571884632110596,
0.6524934768676758,
0.24034833908081055,
0.17626798152923584,
-1.1311274766921997,
0.6245242953300476,
-0.25899967551231384,
0.19261112809181213,
-0.684688925743103,
1.2529935836791992,
0.19578394293785095,
0.08630738407373428,
-1.2538120746612549,
0.27067679166793823,
0.023143187165260315,
-0.8195701241493225,
-0.09014648199081421,
0.6325043439865112,
-0.3117818832397461,
-0.4063919186592102,
0.32308417558670044,
-0.21852974593639374,
-0.040753401815891266,
-0.8738790154457092,
-0.2721650004386902,
-0.7861618399620056,
-0.19919967651367188,
1.5027079582214355,
-0.08731868863105774,
-0.07966458052396774,
-0.026162564754486084,
0.9579684734344482,
0.334900826215744,
-0.2471485137939453,
0.2657058537006378,
0.37634342908859253,
-0.02542842924594879,
-0.9851667284965515,
0.1600758135318756,
0.31913426518440247,
-0.06716345995664597,
-0.42127570509910583,
0.08757191896438599,
0.4203798174858093,
1.0322825908660889,
0.7674192190170288,
0.04076628386974335,
0.5099079012870789,
-0.38034382462501526,
0.32095450162887573,
-0.09900018572807312,
0.8017602562904358,
-0.33104825019836426,
-0.7149649858474731,
0.2980663776397705,
0.24456970393657684,
-0.4034077823162079,
0.20750753581523895,
-0.004314512014389038,
-0.2990108132362366,
-0.23297323286533356,
-0.4841762185096741,
0.21881157159805298,
-0.24995173513889313,
-0.5984181761741638,
0.4660707116127014,
-0.504744827747345,
-0.28707069158554077,
-0.07206819951534271,
-0.06564290821552277,
-1.0897523164749146,
0.15228235721588135,
0.08852064609527588,
0.21475964784622192,
0.5806470513343811,
0.488927960395813,
0.24774840474128723,
-0.48659902811050415,
0.4202175438404083,
0.06675548851490021,
0.8974035978317261,
0.1544598937034607,
0.2238130271434784,
0.09632866829633713,
0.2076793611049652,
-0.7553576827049255,
-0.1728113889694214,
0.7178949117660522,
0.5408021807670593,
0.7133888006210327,
-0.21391203999519348,
0.36613866686820984,
0.15218354761600494,
0.1993066966533661,
0.8163252472877502,
0.006466731429100037,
0.10980916023254395,
-0.8050960302352905,
-0.7363930940628052,
-0.20416799187660217,
-1.2579858303070068,
-0.10170640051364899,
0.5328092575073242,
-0.31623753905296326,
-0.33531224727630615,
0.10189825296401978,
0.033158108592033386,
-0.38674214482307434,
0.29030001163482666,
0.682295560836792,
0.31254875659942627,
0.8208292722702026,
-0.1274060308933258,
0.6971611380577087,
0.3185848295688629,
-0.2438344806432724,
-0.38281702995300293,
-0.013041017577052116,
0.41103577613830566,
-1.0621752738952637,
0.6166683435440063,
0.18156883120536804,
0.0053300634026527405,
0.5489172339439392,
-0.5254780054092407,
0.3589494228363037,
0.2642778754234314,
0.574704110622406,
0.5047314763069153,
-0.20429429411888123,
0.5102179050445557,
-0.3716965317726135,
-0.31812959909439087,
-0.6609182953834534,
-1.165094017982483,
0.45321905612945557,
0.5662040114402771,
-0.051530756056308746,
-0.0005735456943511963,
0.6257474422454834,
-0.2924271821975708,
-0.6953853368759155,
0.9517320990562439,
-0.027607783675193787
] |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.