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- to - air ▁television . ▁Program s ▁may ▁still ▁air ▁on ▁the ▁original ▁free - to - air ▁television ▁network . ▁ ▁International ▁ ▁Ch anges ▁to ▁network ▁affili ation ▁This ▁is ▁a ▁list ▁of ▁programs ▁which ▁made ▁their ▁premi ere ▁on ▁an ▁Australian ▁television ▁network ▁that ▁had ▁premier ed ▁on ▁another ▁Australian ▁television ▁network . ▁The ▁networks ▁involved ▁in ▁the ▁switch ▁of ▁alleg ian ces ▁are ▁pre domin antly ▁both ▁free - to - air ▁networks ▁or ▁both ▁subscription ▁television ▁networks . ▁Program s ▁that ▁have ▁their ▁free - to - air / sub scription ▁television ▁premi ere , ▁after ▁having ▁premier ed ▁on ▁the ▁opposite ▁platform ▁( free - to ▁air ▁to ▁subscription / sub scription ▁to ▁free - to ▁air ) ▁are ▁not ▁included . ▁In ▁some ▁cases , ▁programs ▁may ▁still ▁air ▁on ▁the ▁original ▁television ▁network . ▁This ▁occurs ▁pre domin antly ▁with ▁programs ▁shared ▁between ▁subscription ▁television ▁networks . ▁ ▁Dom estic ▁ ▁International ▁ ▁Television ▁shows ▁ ▁ABC ▁ ▁Mr . ▁S qu ig gle ▁and ▁Fri ends ▁( 1 9 5 9 – 1 9 9 9 ) ▁ ▁Four ▁Corn ers ▁( 1 9 6 1 – present ) ▁ ▁Seven ▁Network ▁ ▁W heel ▁of ▁Fort une ▁( 1 9 8 1 – 1 9 9 6 , ▁ 1 9 9 6 – 2 0 0 3 , ▁ 2 0 0 4 – 2 0 0 8 ) ▁ ▁Home ▁and ▁A way ▁( 1 9 8 8 – present |
) ▁ ▁Blue ▁He el ers ▁( 1 9 9 4 – 2 0 0 6 ) ▁ ▁The ▁Great ▁Out do ors ▁( 1 9 9 3 – present ) ▁ ▁Today ▁Ton ight ▁( 1 9 9 5 – present ) ▁ ▁N ine ▁Network ▁ ▁Today ▁( 1 9 8 2 – present ) ▁ ▁S ale ▁of ▁the ▁Century ▁( 1 9 8 0 – 2 0 0 1 ) ▁ ▁A ▁Current ▁Aff air ▁( 1 9 7 1 – 1 9 7 8 , ▁ 1 9 8 8 – present ) ▁ ▁Hey ▁Hey ▁It ' s ▁Saturday ▁( 1 9 7 1 – 1 9 9 9 ) ▁ ▁M idd ay ▁( 1 9 7 3 – 1 9 9 8 ) ▁▁ 6 0 ▁Min utes ▁( 1 9 7 9 – present ) ▁ ▁Australia ' s ▁Fun ni est ▁Home ▁Video ▁Show ▁( 1 9 9 0 – 2 0 0 0 , ▁ 2 0 0 0 – 2 0 0 4 , ▁ 2 0 0 5 – present ) ▁ ▁The ▁A FL ▁Foot y ▁Show ▁( 1 9 9 4 – present ) ▁ ▁The ▁N RL ▁Foot y ▁Show ▁( 1 9 9 4 – present ) ▁ ▁Water ▁R ats ▁( 1 9 9 6 – 2 0 0 1 ) ▁ ▁Bur go ' s ▁C atch ▁P hr ase ▁( 1 9 9 7 – 2 0 0 1 , ▁ 2 0 |
0 2 – 2 0 0 3 ) ▁ ▁The ▁Price ▁is ▁Right ▁( 1 9 9 3 – 1 9 9 8 , ▁ 2 0 0 3 – 2 0 0 5 , ▁ 2 0 1 2 ) ▁ ▁Network ▁Ten ▁ ▁Ne igh b ours ▁( Se ven ▁Network ▁ 1 9 8 5 , ▁Network ▁Ten ▁ 1 9 8 6 – present ) ▁ ▁G MA ▁with ▁Bert ▁Newton ▁( 1 9 9 1 – 2 0 0 5 ) ▁ ▁End ing ▁/ ▁Rest ing ▁this ▁year ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁in ▁Australia ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁Australian ▁films ▁of ▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁ ▁References <0x0A> </s> ▁André ▁P onc et ▁( 3 0 ▁July ▁ 1 7 5 5 ▁– ▁ 2 3 ▁July ▁ 1 8 3 8 ) ▁commanded ▁a ▁French ▁inf antry ▁division ▁during ▁the ▁French ▁Revolution ary ▁Wars . ▁He ▁joined ▁the ▁French ▁Royal ▁Army ▁in ▁a ▁famous ▁regiment ▁and ▁fought ▁in ▁the ▁American ▁Revolution ary ▁War . ▁Be coming ▁a ▁general ▁officer ▁in ▁early ▁ 1 7 9 4 , ▁he ▁fought ▁at ▁Fle urus , ▁Ma astr icht ▁and ▁other ▁actions . ▁He ▁led ▁a ▁division ▁in ▁the ▁Rh ine ▁Camp aign ▁of ▁ 1 7 9 5 ▁at ▁Hö ch st ▁and ▁in ▁the ▁Rh ine ▁Camp aign ▁of ▁ 1 7 9 6 ▁at ▁Lim burg . ▁After ward , ▁he ▁held ▁interior ▁posts ▁until ▁his ▁ret irement ▁from ▁the ▁military ▁in |
▁ 1 8 1 1 . ▁He ▁became ▁mayor ▁of ▁his ▁home ▁town ▁of ▁P es mes . ▁When ▁it ▁was ▁occupied ▁by ▁the ▁Aust ri ans ▁in ▁ 1 8 1 4 , ▁he ▁was ▁arrested ▁and ▁conf ined ▁in ▁the ▁Pal an ok ▁Castle ▁in ▁distant ▁Trans ylvan ia ▁for ▁five ▁months . ▁He ▁became ▁a ▁far mer ▁and ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 8 3 8 ▁after ▁returning ▁to ▁France . ▁His ▁surname ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁names ▁ins cribed ▁under ▁the ▁Arc ▁de ▁Tri omp he , ▁on ▁Column ▁ 6 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : F rench ▁gener als ▁Category : F rench ▁military ▁personnel ▁of ▁the ▁French ▁Revolution ary ▁Wars ▁Category : F rench ▁Republican ▁military ▁leaders ▁of ▁the ▁French ▁Revolution ary ▁Wars ▁Category : F rench ▁military ▁personnel ▁of ▁the ▁Napole onic ▁Wars ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Ha ute - Sa ône ▁Category : 1 7 5 5 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 8 3 8 ▁death s ▁Category : Names ▁ins cribed ▁under ▁the ▁Arc ▁de ▁Tri omp he <0x0A> </s> ▁Nancy ▁Ro os ▁( F ebru ary ▁ 2 8 , ▁ 1 9 0 5 ▁– ▁April ▁ 6 , ▁ 1 9 5 7 ) ▁was ▁a ▁U . S . ▁ch ess ▁champion . ▁ ▁Born ▁Nancy ▁K rot os chin ▁in ▁Belg ium , ▁she ▁married ▁Martin ▁Ro os . ▁Before ▁coming ▁to ▁America ▁she ▁was ▁active ▁at ▁the ▁Cer cle ▁l ' E chi quier ▁in ▁Br uss |
els . ▁Ro os ▁won ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Women ' s ▁Ch ess ▁Championship ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 5 ▁with ▁G is ela ▁K ahn ▁G ress er , ▁both ▁scoring ▁ 9 – 2 . ▁She ▁took ▁second ▁at ▁the ▁Pan - American ▁Tournament ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 4 ▁behind ▁Mary ▁B ain ▁and ▁Mon a ▁May ▁Kar ff , ▁and ▁tied ▁for ▁second ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 4 2 ▁U . S . ▁Women ' s ▁Championship ▁behind ▁A de le ▁Bel cher ▁and ▁Kar ff . ▁Ro os ▁was ▁a ▁professional ▁photograph er ▁and ▁at ▁the ▁time ▁of ▁her ▁death ▁was ▁the ▁second ▁highest ▁r ated ▁woman ▁in ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Ch ess ▁Federation . ▁She ▁died ▁of ▁cancer ▁in ▁Los ▁Angeles , ▁California . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 0 5 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 5 7 ▁death s ▁Category : American ▁female ▁ch ess ▁players ▁Category : Bel g ian ▁female ▁ch ess ▁players ▁Category : S ports people ▁from ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁ch ess ▁players <0x0A> </s> ▁A ▁youth ▁center ▁or ▁youth ▁centre , ▁often ▁called ▁youth ▁club , ▁is ▁a ▁place ▁where ▁young ▁people ▁can ▁meet ▁and ▁particip ate ▁in ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁activities , ▁for ▁example ▁table ▁football , ▁association ▁football ▁( US ▁s occer , ▁UK ▁football ), ▁basketball , ▁table ▁tennis , ▁video ▁games , ▁Occ up ational ▁Ther apy ▁and ▁religious ▁activities . ▁ ▁Youth |
▁Club s ▁or ▁Cent res ▁vary ▁in ▁their ▁activities ▁across ▁the ▁glo be , ▁and ▁have ▁diverse ▁histor ies ▁based ▁on ▁sh ifting ▁cultural , ▁political ▁and ▁social ▁context s ▁and ▁relative ▁levels ▁of ▁state ▁fund ing ▁or ▁volunt ary ▁action . ▁ ▁Young ▁social ▁groups ▁ ▁Many ▁youth ▁clubs ▁are ▁set ▁up ▁to ▁provide ▁young ▁people ▁with ▁activities ▁designed ▁to ▁keep ▁them ▁off ▁the ▁streets ▁and ▁out ▁of ▁trouble , ▁and ▁to ▁give ▁them ▁a ▁job ▁and ▁an ▁interest ▁in ▁activity . ▁Some ▁youth ▁clubs ▁can ▁have ▁a ▁particular ▁comp elling ▁force , ▁such ▁as ▁music , ▁spiritual / rel ig ious ▁guidance ▁and ▁advice ▁or ▁characteristics ▁such ▁as ▁determ ination . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom , ▁there ▁are ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁national ▁youth ▁club ▁networks , ▁including : ▁ ▁UK ▁Youth ▁ ▁Amb ition ▁ ▁National ▁Association ▁of ▁Boys ▁and ▁Girls ▁Club s ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁the ▁Boys ▁& ▁Girls ▁Club s ▁of ▁America ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁popular ▁( or ▁well ▁known ) ▁youth ▁clubs . ▁ ▁Project s ▁and ▁activities ▁Many ▁youth ▁clubs ▁and ▁projects ▁are ▁open ▁to ▁all ▁people ▁aged ▁ 1 5 – 2 1 , ▁although ▁some ▁clubs ▁may ▁still ▁accept ▁young ▁people ▁as ▁old ▁as ▁ 2 5 . ▁There ▁are ▁places ▁where ▁young ▁people ▁can ▁meet ▁with ▁friends ▁and ▁practice ▁new ▁activities . ▁Many ▁youth ▁clubs ▁offer ▁various ▁activities , ▁such ▁as ▁table ▁tennis . ▁ ▁Youth ▁clubs ▁are ▁there ▁to ▁help ▁young ▁people ▁understand ▁the ▁world ▁around ▁them |
. ▁They ▁are ▁there ▁to ▁advise ▁young ▁people ▁with ▁their ▁future , ▁to ▁talk ▁about ▁the ▁past ▁and ▁even ▁help ▁them ▁with ▁the ▁present . ▁Many ▁clubs ▁hold ▁different ▁sessions ▁to ▁educ ate ▁young ▁people ▁about ▁different ▁topics ▁regarding ▁their ▁health ▁and ▁wor ries , ▁e . g . ▁contra ception . ▁Youth ▁clubs ▁normally ▁have ▁a ▁leader ▁youth ▁worker ▁who ▁normally ▁organ izes ▁tri ps ▁or ▁work sh ops ▁for ▁the ▁young ▁people ▁to ▁contribute ▁in , ▁e . g . ▁Show ▁R ac ism ▁the ▁Red ▁Card . ▁They ▁can ▁also ▁hold ▁char ity ▁events ▁and ▁even ▁volunte er ▁to ▁do ▁many ▁different ▁things . ▁Youth ▁clubs ▁will ▁sometimes ▁help ▁young ▁people ▁to ▁gain ▁qual ifications ▁for ▁their ▁life ▁ahead , ▁e . g . ▁The ▁Duke ▁of ▁Edinburgh ' s ▁Award . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁youth ▁organizations ▁S alf ord ▁L ads ▁Club ▁Es sex ▁Boys ▁and ▁Girls ▁Club s ▁Te en ▁center ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Y outh ▁organizations <0x0A> </s> ▁Bur ton ▁Advent ist ▁Academy ▁is ▁a ▁co - ed uc ational ▁private ▁Christian ▁school ▁in ▁Ar ling ton , ▁Texas , ▁United ▁States . ▁It ▁covers ▁the ▁gr ades ▁from ▁pre - k inder g arten ▁through ▁tw elf th ▁grade . ▁Bur ton ▁is ▁associated ▁with ▁the ▁Se vent h - day ▁Advent ist ▁Church ▁and ▁is ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Se vent h - day ▁Advent ist ▁education ▁system . ▁It ▁offers ▁a ▁basic ▁high ▁school ▁di pl oma , ▁advanced ▁di pl |
oma , ▁and ▁hon ors ▁di pl oma . ▁ ▁C urr icul um ▁The ▁school ▁curr icul um ▁consists ▁primarily ▁of ▁the ▁standard ▁courses ▁taught ▁at ▁college ▁prepar atory ▁schools ▁across ▁the ▁world . ▁All ▁students ▁are ▁required ▁to ▁take ▁classes ▁in ▁the ▁core ▁areas ▁of ▁English , ▁Basic ▁Sciences , ▁Mathemat ics , ▁a ▁Foreign ▁Language , ▁and ▁Social ▁Sciences . ▁ ▁Spirit ual ▁aspects ▁All ▁students ▁take ▁religion ▁classes ▁each ▁year ▁that ▁they ▁are ▁en rolled . ▁These ▁classes ▁cover ▁topics ▁in ▁bib lic al ▁history ▁and ▁Christian ▁and ▁denomin ational ▁do ctr ines . ▁Inst ruct ors ▁in ▁other ▁discipl ines ▁also ▁begin ▁each ▁class ▁period ▁with ▁prayer ▁or ▁a ▁short ▁dev ot ional ▁thought . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁List ▁of ▁Se vent h - day ▁Advent ist ▁secondary ▁schools ▁ ▁Se vent h - day ▁Advent ist ▁education ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : Christ ian ▁schools ▁in ▁Texas ▁Category : Ad vent ist ▁secondary ▁schools ▁in ▁United ▁States ▁Category : Private ▁high ▁schools ▁in ▁Texas ▁Category : Private ▁middle ▁schools ▁in ▁Texas ▁Category : Private ▁elementary ▁schools ▁in ▁Texas <0x0A> </s> ▁Buch an an ius ▁is ▁a ▁genus ▁of ▁flower ▁we ev ils ▁in ▁the ▁be et le ▁family ▁Cur cul ion idae . ▁There ▁are ▁about ▁ 1 0 ▁described ▁species ▁in ▁Buch an an ius . ▁ ▁Species ▁These ▁ 1 0 ▁species ▁belong ▁to ▁the ▁genus ▁Buch an an ius : ▁ ▁Buch an an ius ▁car in ifer ▁K iss |
inger , ▁ 1 9 5 7 ▁ ▁Buch an an ius ▁cost atus ▁K iss inger , ▁ 1 9 5 7 ▁ ▁Buch an an ius ▁cr isp us ▁K iss inger , ▁ 1 9 5 7 ▁ ▁Buch an an ius ▁fer rug ine us ▁K iss inger , ▁ 1 9 5 7 ▁ ▁Buch an an ius ▁min ut iss im us ▁K iss inger , ▁ 1 9 5 7 ▁ ▁Buch an an ius ▁neglect us ▁K iss inger , ▁ 1 9 5 7 ▁ ▁Buch an an ius ▁quadr ig utt atus ▁K iss inger , ▁ 1 9 5 7 ▁ ▁Buch an an ius ▁ser i atus ▁K iss inger , ▁ 1 9 5 7 ▁ ▁Buch an an ius ▁stri atus ▁( Le Con te , ▁ 1 8 7 6 ) ▁ ▁Buch an an ius ▁sul c atus ▁( Le Con te , ▁ 1 8 7 6 ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : Bar id inae ▁Category : Art icles ▁created ▁by ▁Q bug bot <0x0A> </s> ▁R ED I RECT ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁United ▁States ▁House ▁of ▁Representatives ▁elections # Special ▁elections ▁Maryland ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁ 0 7 ▁Maryland ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁ 0 7 ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁ 0 7 ▁Special ▁Maryland ▁ 0 7 ▁Special ▁United ▁States ▁House ▁of ▁Representatives ▁ 0 7 ▁Special ▁United ▁States ▁House ▁of ▁Representatives ▁ 1 |
9 9 6 ▁ 0 7 <0x0A> </s> ▁Stef anie ▁J ill ▁R idel ▁( born ▁May ▁ 1 7 , ▁ 1 9 7 3 ) ▁is ▁an ▁American ▁singer , ▁song writer , ▁and ▁actress . ▁She ▁was ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁girl ▁group ▁Wild ▁Or ch id , ▁and ▁was ▁a ▁co - host ▁of ▁the ▁television ▁show ▁Great ▁P ret enders . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁Stef anie ▁J ill ▁R idel ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Hollywood , ▁California . ▁She ▁has ▁two ▁brothers , ▁Mark ▁and ▁Chris ▁R idel . ▁ ▁Act ing ▁career ▁She ▁is ▁best ▁known ▁as ▁a ▁co - host ▁of ▁the ▁TV ▁show , ▁Great ▁P ret enders . ▁From ▁ 1 9 8 3 ▁to ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁she ▁made ▁various ▁appearances ▁singing ▁on ▁television , ▁mostly ▁with ▁Wild ▁Or ch id . ▁Her ▁acting ▁career ▁began ▁on ▁commer ci als ▁and ▁landing ▁guest ▁star ▁roles ▁on ▁TV ▁shows ▁like , ▁The ▁Fact s ▁Of ▁Life , ▁The ▁Golden ▁Girls , ▁Punk y ▁B rew ster , ▁Mar ried ... ▁with ▁Children ▁and ▁Bl oss om . ▁She ▁l ent ▁her ▁singing ▁voice ▁to ▁the ▁character , ▁" Y as min " ▁in ▁the ▁film ▁Br atz . ▁ ▁Music ▁career ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 1 , ▁a ▁girl ▁group ▁called ▁NR G ▁was ▁formed . ▁They ▁were ▁a ▁quart et ▁made ▁up ▁of ▁herself , ▁He ather ▁Hol yo ak , ▁and ▁St acy ▁Fer g us on , ▁and ▁R |
ene e ▁S ands ▁of ▁K ids ▁In cor por ated . ▁They ▁were ▁signed ▁to ▁Sony ▁Records ▁that ▁year , ▁and ▁changed ▁their ▁name ▁to ▁Wild ▁Or ch id . ▁So on ▁He ather ▁left ▁the ▁group ▁for ▁college ▁and ▁was ▁replaced ▁by ▁M icki ▁Dur an , ▁also ▁a ▁K ids ▁In cor por ated ▁al umn i . ▁They ▁recorded ▁a ▁debut ▁album , ▁but ▁M icki ▁soon ▁left ▁the ▁group ▁to ▁purs ue ▁acting , ▁and ▁they ▁were ▁dropped ▁from ▁Sony . ▁They ▁signed ▁to ▁R CA ▁Records , ▁and ▁recorded ▁their ▁self - t itled ▁debut ▁album , ▁which ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 6 . ▁Their ▁second ▁album , ▁O xygen , ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 8 , ▁and ▁they ▁recorded ▁Fire ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁le aked ▁to ▁the ▁internet ▁and ▁they ▁were ▁dropped ▁from ▁R CA ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 1 . ▁St acy ▁left ▁the ▁group , ▁and ▁they ▁became ▁a ▁du o ▁as ▁they ▁opened ▁Y ellow ▁Br ick ▁Records . ▁Hyp not ic ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁the ▁internet ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁and ▁the ▁band ▁then ▁broke ▁up ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 . ▁She ▁took ▁a ▁short ▁break ▁from ▁music ▁before ▁she ▁and ▁K yle ▁Hend r icks , ▁under ▁the ▁stage ▁name ▁Rain , ▁created ▁the ▁band , ▁ 5 th ▁Element . ▁She ▁also ▁produced ▁and ▁wrote ▁for ▁The ▁Sl umber ▁Party ▁Girls |
. ▁Rec ently ▁she ▁has ▁been ▁producing ▁tracks ▁for ▁Prima ▁J . ▁ 5 th ▁Element ▁has ▁released ▁a ▁debut ▁album , ▁" Here ▁Com es ▁the ▁Rain ▁Again ", ▁and ▁Stef anie ▁co - f ounded ▁Tal ent ▁Boot camp , ▁a ▁camp ▁training ▁today ' s ▁greatest ▁music ▁sens ations . ▁ ▁She ▁contributed ▁to ▁the ▁Br atz ▁Movie ▁sound track ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 7 . ▁ ▁Model ing ▁career ▁She ▁was ▁a ▁sp okes model ▁for ▁" B ongo " ▁and ▁" Gu ess !" ▁ ▁Personal ▁life ▁While ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁Wild ▁Or ch id , ▁she ▁had ▁a ▁brief ▁marriage , ▁before ▁marry ing ▁long time ▁manager ▁Ron ▁Fair . ▁They ▁have ▁three ▁sons ▁( E ll ington ▁Fair , ▁born ▁April ▁ 1 6 , ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁London ▁Fair , ▁born ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁and ▁Roc co ▁Fair , ▁born ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 ) ▁and ▁one ▁daughter ▁( El la ▁Fair , ▁born ▁ 2 0 0 8 ). ▁ ▁Disc ography ▁ ▁with ▁Wild ▁Or ch id ▁ ▁Albums ▁Wild ▁Or ch id ▁( 1 9 9 6 ) ▁O xygen ▁( 1 9 9 8 ) ▁Hyp not ic ▁( 2 0 0 3 ) ▁ ▁Singles ▁At ▁Night ▁I ▁P ray ▁( 1 9 9 6 ) ▁T alk ▁to ▁Me ▁( 1 9 9 7 ) ▁Super natural ▁( 1 9 9 7 ) ▁Follow ▁Me ▁( 1 9 9 |
7 ) ▁Be ▁Mine ▁( 1 9 9 8 ) ▁St utter ing ▁( Don ' t ▁Say ) ▁( 2 0 0 1 ) ▁ ▁with ▁ 5 th ▁Element ▁ ▁Singles ▁ 2 ▁N ite ▁De eper ▁Jud gment ▁Day ▁Follow ▁Me ▁Just ▁Another ▁Day ▁Just ▁Gro ove ▁Under bel ly ▁Happy ▁I ▁W on ' t ▁Walk ▁A way ▁Here ▁Com es ▁the ▁Rain ▁Again ▁Rem ix es ▁ ▁Sound track ▁contributions ▁Br atz : ▁Mot ion ▁Picture ▁Sound track ▁( 2 0 0 7 ) ▁ ▁As ▁Song writer ▁Br atz : ▁The ▁Movie ▁( 2 0 0 7 ) ▁Hann ah ▁Mont ana : ▁The ▁Movie ▁( 2 0 0 9 ) ▁All ison ▁I rah eta ▁– ▁Don ' t ▁W aste ▁The ▁Pre tty ▁( 2 0 0 9 ) ▁ ▁Television ▁work ▁The ▁Fact s ▁of ▁Life ▁( 1 ▁episode , ▁ 1 9 8 3 ) ▁Punk y ▁B rew ster ▁( 1 ▁episode , ▁ 1 9 8 5 ) ▁The ▁Golden ▁Girls ▁( 1 ▁episode , ▁ 1 9 8 9 ) ▁Oh ▁Henry ! ▁... M eg an ▁( 1 9 8 9 ) ▁Bl oss om ▁( 1 ▁episode , ▁ 1 9 9 1 ). .. Bar bara ▁J enk in ▁and ▁Mel issa ▁C ut ters ▁... Fa wn ▁( 1 9 9 3 ) ▁Joe ' s ▁Life ▁... K aren ▁( 1 9 9 3 ) ▁Mar ried ... ▁with ▁Children ▁( 1 ▁episode , ▁ |
1 9 9 4 ) ▁... L isa ▁Pr un er ▁Loc als ... K ris ▁( 1 9 9 4 ) ▁Go ode ▁Be havior ▁... Ste f anie ▁( 1 9 9 6 ) ▁Great ▁P ret enders ▁... H ers elf ▁as ▁Co - Host ▁( unknown ▁episodes , ▁ 1 9 9 8 ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : American ▁child ▁actress es ▁Category : American ▁dance ▁mus icians ▁Category : American ▁female ▁singer - song writ ers ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁American ▁sing ers ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁American ▁sing ers ▁Category : W ild ▁Or ch id ▁members ▁Category : American ▁film ▁actress es ▁Category : American ▁pop ▁sing ers ▁Category : American ▁singer - song writ ers ▁Category : American ▁television ▁actress es ▁Category : 1 9 7 3 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁American ▁women ▁sing ers ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁American ▁women ▁sing ers <0x0A> </s> ▁OS F ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁Comput ing ▁ ▁Open ▁Science ▁Framework , ▁a ▁cloud - based ▁management ▁for ▁open ▁access ▁science ▁▁ ▁Open ▁Sem antic ▁Framework , ▁an ▁integrated ▁software ▁stack ▁using ▁semantic ▁techn ologies ▁for ▁knowledge ▁management ▁ ▁OS F / 1 , ▁a ▁Unix - like ▁operating ▁system ▁developed ▁by ▁the ▁above - ment ioned ▁Open ▁Software ▁Foundation ▁ ▁Opera ▁Show ▁Format , ▁an ▁X HTML - based ▁sl ides how ▁format ▁ |
▁Organ is ations ▁ ▁Ó gra ▁Sh inn ▁F é in , ▁the ▁youth ▁wing ▁of ▁the ▁S inn ▁F é in ▁political ▁party ▁ ▁Open ▁Software ▁Foundation , ▁a ▁not - for - pro fit ▁organization ▁that ▁merged ▁with ▁X / Open ▁and ▁then ▁became ▁The ▁Open ▁Group . ▁The ▁OS F ▁was ▁founded ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁to ▁create ▁an ▁open ▁standard ▁for ▁an ▁implementation ▁of ▁the ▁Unix ▁operating ▁system . ▁ ▁Open ▁Society ▁Found ations , ▁a ▁grant making ▁body ▁established ▁by ▁George ▁Sor os ▁ ▁Open Stack ▁Foundation , ▁a ▁non - pro fit ▁corpor ate ▁entity ▁to ▁promote ▁Open Stack ▁software ▁and ▁its ▁community ▁ ▁Oper ational ▁Support ▁Fac ility , ▁of ▁the ▁Federal ▁A viation ▁Administration ▁ ▁Oregon ▁Shakespeare ▁Festival , ▁a ▁re pert ory ▁theatre ▁in ▁Ash land , ▁Oregon , ▁US ▁ ▁Oxford ▁Scient ific ▁Films , ▁a ▁British ▁producer ▁of ▁natural ▁history ▁and ▁document ary ▁program mes ▁ ▁The ▁Old ▁Sp agh etti ▁Factory , ▁a ▁restaurant ▁chain ▁ ▁Independent ▁Senate ▁Fra ction ▁( O na f h ank elijke ▁S ena ats f ract ie ), ▁a ▁political ▁group ▁of ▁the ▁Netherlands ▁ ▁Order ▁of ▁Saint ▁Francis , ▁a ▁ 2 1 st - century ▁American ▁Francis can ▁religious ▁order ▁ ▁Order ▁of ▁Serv ant ▁Francis c ans , ▁in ▁the ▁List ▁of ▁Independent ▁Catholic ▁denomin ations ▁ ▁Oklahoma ▁Office ▁of ▁State ▁Fin ance , ▁an ▁ag ency ▁of ▁the ▁Government ▁of ▁Oklahoma , ▁US ▁ ▁OS F ▁Global ▁Services , |
▁a ▁cloud ▁technology ▁company ▁ ▁OS F ▁Health care , ▁a ▁non - pro fit ▁health care ▁organization ▁in ▁Illinois ▁and ▁Michigan , ▁US <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Wal ton ▁River ▁is ▁a ▁ ▁trib ut ary ▁of ▁the ▁C ed ar ▁River ▁on ▁the ▁Upper ▁Pen ins ula ▁of ▁Michigan ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁It ▁joins ▁the ▁C ed ar ▁River ▁at ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁C ed ar ▁River , ▁less ▁than ▁ ▁from ▁the ▁mouth ▁of ▁the ▁C ed ar ▁River ▁in ▁Lake ▁Michigan . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁rivers ▁of ▁Michigan ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Michigan ▁ ▁Stream flow ▁Data ▁from ▁the ▁US GS ▁ ▁Category : R ivers ▁of ▁Michigan ▁Category : R ivers ▁of ▁Men om ine e ▁County , ▁Michigan ▁Category : T rib ut aries ▁of ▁Lake ▁Michigan <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁South ▁Che ath am ▁Adv oc ate ▁is ▁a ▁week ly ▁newspaper ▁published ▁in ▁King ston ▁Spr ings , ▁Tennessee ▁since ▁ 1 9 9 0 . ▁ ▁The ▁South ▁Che ath am ▁Adv oc ate ▁has ▁been , ▁throughout ▁its ▁existence , ▁an ▁advert iser - supported , ▁free ▁newspaper . ▁ ▁It ▁is ▁not , ▁however , ▁a ▁" sh o pper "; ▁it ▁has ▁considerable ▁editor ial ▁content ▁and ▁coverage ▁of ▁area ▁events ▁in ▁the ▁area ▁of ▁southern ▁Che ath am ▁County , ▁particularly ▁King ston ▁Spr ings ▁and ▁Peg ram . ▁ ▁In ▁its ▁early ▁existence , ▁it ▁was ▁also ▁fairly ▁widely ▁circul ated ▁in ▁the ▁nearby ▁town ▁of ▁White ▁Bl |
uff ▁in ▁Dick son ▁County ; ▁this ▁was ▁cur ta iled ▁when ▁a ▁major ▁White ▁Bl uff ▁advert iser ▁ceased ▁its ▁support . ▁ ▁At ▁this ▁time , ▁the ▁paper ▁assumed ▁its ▁current ▁name , ▁the ▁South ▁Che ath am ▁Adv oc ate ; ▁it ▁had ▁previously ▁been ▁circul ated ▁as ▁The ▁Adv oc ate , ▁a ▁name ▁more ▁widely ▁associated ▁with ▁a ▁national ▁gay - orient ed ▁publication . ▁ ▁When ▁circul ation ▁in ▁White ▁Bl uff ▁res umed ▁on ▁a ▁limited ▁scale , ▁the ▁South ▁Che ath am ▁portion ▁of ▁the ▁name ▁was ▁retained . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁P aper ' s ▁web ▁site ▁ ▁Category : Week ly ▁newsp apers ▁published ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : New sp apers ▁published ▁in ▁Tennessee ▁Category : Che ath am ▁County , ▁Tennessee ▁Category : Public ations ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁Category : 1 9 9 0 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Tennessee <0x0A> </s> ▁Fab re ▁is ▁a ▁provincial ▁elect oral ▁district ▁in ▁Quebec , ▁Canada , ▁that ▁elect s ▁members ▁to ▁the ▁National ▁Assembly ▁of ▁Quebec . ▁The ▁district ▁is ▁located ▁in ▁L aval ▁and ▁includes ▁the ▁western most ▁portion ▁of ▁Î le ▁J és us ▁( or ▁Î le ▁de ▁L aval ) ▁west ▁of ▁Autor oute ▁ 1 5 ▁in ▁the ▁northern ▁half ▁of ▁the ▁district ▁and ▁west ▁of ▁Autor oute ▁ 1 3 ▁in ▁the ▁southern ▁half . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁created ▁for ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 6 ▁election ▁from ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁L |
aval ▁elect oral ▁district ▁elect oral ▁district . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁change ▁from ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁elect oral ▁map , ▁it ▁lost ▁part ▁of ▁its ▁territory ▁to ▁the ▁newly ▁created ▁Sainte - R ose ▁elect oral ▁district , ▁but ▁gained ▁some ▁territory ▁from ▁Ch omed ey . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁change ▁from ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁elect oral ▁map , ▁it ▁will ▁gain ▁some ▁more ▁territory ▁from ▁Ch omed ey , ▁in ▁the ▁area ▁around ▁Par c ▁Le ▁B out ill ier . ▁ ▁The ▁district ▁is ▁named ▁after ▁Éd ou ard - Char les ▁Fab re ▁who ▁was ▁the ▁third ▁arch bishop ▁of ▁the ▁Roman ▁Catholic ▁Arch di oc ese ▁of ▁Montreal ▁from ▁ 1 8 7 6 ▁to ▁ 1 8 9 6 . ▁ ▁M embers ▁of ▁the ▁Legisl ative ▁Assembly ▁/ ▁National ▁Assembly ▁ ▁E lection ▁results ▁ ▁| } ▁ ▁| } ▁ ▁^ ▁Change ▁is ▁from ▁red ist ributed ▁results . ▁CA Q ▁change ▁is ▁from ▁AD Q . ▁ ▁| - ▁▁ ▁| L iber al ▁| Mich elle ▁Cour ches ne ▁| align =" right " | 1 5 , 3 4 9 ▁| align =" right " | 4 5 . 5 0 ▁| align =" right " | ▁ ▁| - ▁ ▁| - ▁| } ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Information ▁ ▁E lections ▁Quebec ▁ ▁E lection ▁results ▁ ▁E lection ▁results ▁( |
National ▁Assembly ) ▁ ▁Maps ▁▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁map ▁( PDF ) ▁▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁map ▁( Fl ash ) ▁ 2 0 0 1 – 2 0 1 1 ▁changes ▁( Fl ash ) ▁ 1 9 9 2 – 2 0 0 1 ▁changes ▁( Fl ash ) ▁ ▁Elect oral ▁map ▁of ▁L aval ▁region ▁ ▁Quebec ▁elect oral ▁map , ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁ ▁Category : Pol it ics ▁of ▁L aval , ▁Quebec ▁Category : Que bec ▁provincial ▁elect oral ▁districts <0x0A> </s> ▁Mar tha ▁Sommer feld ▁H ear ron ▁( A pril ▁ 4 , ▁ 1 9 4 3 ▁– ▁November ▁ 2 9 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 ) ▁was ▁an ▁American ▁bi ost at istic ian ▁who ▁worked ▁for ▁over ▁ 3 0 ▁years ▁at ▁Up j ohn , ▁becoming ▁the ▁first ▁professional ▁woman ▁and ▁the ▁first ▁female ▁manager ▁there . ▁ ▁Mar tha ▁L . ▁Sommer feld ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁High land ▁Park , ▁Illinois . ▁She ▁was ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁entering ▁class ▁of ▁ 1 9 6 4 ▁at ▁the ▁Woman ' s ▁College ▁of ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁North ▁Carolina ▁( now ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁North ▁Carolina ▁at ▁Gre ens bor o ) ▁but ▁graduated ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 4 , ▁with ▁a ▁b ach elor ' s ▁degree ▁in ▁chem istry , ▁from ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Michigan . ▁She ▁completed ▁her ▁education ▁with ▁a ▁master ' s ▁degree ▁in ▁public ▁health ▁in ▁ |
1 9 6 6 , ▁special izing ▁in ▁bi ost at istics , ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Michigan . ▁She ▁married ▁Arthur ▁E . ▁H ear ron ▁Jr ., ▁and ▁joined ▁Up j ohn , ▁where ▁she ▁would ▁work ▁for ▁another ▁ 3 2 ▁years . ▁She ▁helped ▁establish ▁the ▁Ph arma ce ut ical ▁Sub section ▁of ▁the ▁American ▁Statist ical ▁Association ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 8 ▁( now ▁the ▁Bi oph arma ce ut ical ▁Section ), ▁and ▁was ▁its ▁chair ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 6 . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 8 8 , ▁H ear ron ▁was ▁elected ▁as ▁a ▁Fellow ▁of ▁the ▁American ▁Statist ical ▁Association . ▁ ▁H ear ron ▁held ▁a ▁lif el ong ▁interest ▁in ▁the ▁fine ▁and ▁performing ▁arts , ▁and ▁sang ▁sop rano ▁in ▁the ▁annual ▁production ▁of ▁Hand el ' s ▁Mess iah ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁University ▁Ch oral ▁Union ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Michigan ▁while ▁she ▁was ▁a ▁student ▁there . ▁As ▁a ▁part ing ▁gift ▁from ▁her ▁estate , ▁she ▁fund ed ▁an ▁end owed ▁chair ▁in ▁fine ▁arts ▁at ▁Western ▁Michigan ▁University , ▁in ▁the ▁names ▁of ▁her ▁and ▁her ▁husband . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 4 3 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 1 4 ▁death s ▁Category : American ▁statist icians ▁Category : W omen ▁statist icians ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Michigan ▁College ▁of ▁Liter ature , ▁Science , ▁and ▁the ▁Arts ▁al umn i ▁Category : F ell ows |
▁of ▁the ▁American ▁Statist ical ▁Association <0x0A> </s> ▁K iv um bu ▁is ▁a ▁settlement ▁in ▁Ken ya ' s ▁Eastern ▁Province . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Eastern ▁Province ▁( K en ya ) <0x0A> </s> ▁Kr ish nap ur ▁( V id han ▁Sab ha ▁constitu ency ) ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁ 6 0 ▁assembly ▁constitu encies ▁of ▁T rip ura ▁a ▁N ort he astern ▁Indian ▁state . ▁Kr ish nap ur ▁is ▁also ▁part ▁of ▁East ▁T rip ura ▁Lok ▁Sab ha ▁constitu ency . ▁It ▁is ▁a ▁reserved ▁seat ▁for ▁the ▁Sch eduled ▁tribes ▁( ST ). ▁ ▁Member ▁of ▁Legisl ative ▁Assembly ▁▁▁ 1 9 7 7 : ▁Man ind ra ▁Deb bar ma , ▁Commun ist ▁Party ▁of ▁India ▁( Mar x ist ) ▁▁ 1 9 8 3 : ▁K ali ▁K umar ▁Deb bar ma , ▁Commun ist ▁Party ▁of ▁India ▁( Mar x ist ) ▁▁ 1 9 8 8 : ▁Kh ag endra ▁Jam atia , ▁Commun ist ▁Party ▁of ▁India ▁( Mar x ist ) ▁▁ 1 9 9 3 : ▁Kh ag endra ▁Jam atia , ▁Commun ist ▁Party ▁of ▁India ▁( Mar x ist ) ▁▁ 1 9 9 8 : ▁Kh ag endra ▁Jam atia , ▁Commun ist ▁Party ▁of ▁India ▁( Mar x ist ) ▁▁ 2 0 0 3 : ▁Kh ag endra ▁Jam atia , ▁Commun ist ▁Party ▁of ▁India ▁( Mar x ist ) ▁▁ 2 0 0 8 |
: ▁Kh ag endra ▁Jam atia , ▁Commun ist ▁Party ▁of ▁India ▁( Mar x ist ) ▁▁ 2 0 1 3 : ▁Kh ag endra ▁Jam atia , ▁Commun ist ▁Party ▁of ▁India ▁( Mar x ist ) ▁▁ 2 0 1 8 : ▁Aut ul ▁Deb bar ma , ▁B har ati ya ▁Jan ata ▁Party ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁K how ai ▁district ▁ ▁Kr ish nap ur ▁( disambiguation ) ▁ ▁T rip ura ▁East ▁( L ok ▁Sab ha ▁constitu ency ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : K how ai ▁district ▁Category : Assembly ▁constitu encies ▁of ▁T rip ura <0x0A> </s> ▁A ▁ha z ard ous ▁material ▁appar atus ▁is ▁a ▁special ized ▁piece ▁of ▁equipment ▁used ▁by ▁ha z mat ▁respond ers ▁respond ing ▁to ▁calls ▁involving ▁potentially ▁ha z ard ous ▁materials . ▁Due ▁to ▁the ▁ever - e vol ving ▁nature ▁of ▁dangerous ▁goods , ▁these ▁vehicles ▁are ▁highly ▁custom ized ▁to ▁fit ▁the ▁needs ▁of ▁the ▁ag ency ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁appar atus . ▁ ▁Spec ifications ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁N F PA ▁reg ulation ▁ 4 7 1 ▁details ▁the ▁Re comm ended ▁Pract ice ▁For ▁Res pond ing ▁To ▁Haz ard ous ▁Material s ▁Inc idents . ▁While ▁no ▁specific ations ▁are ▁given ▁for ▁the ▁Haz Mat ▁vehicle , ▁the ▁document ▁does ▁outline ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁equipment ▁required ▁including ▁a ▁radiation ▁det ector , ▁p H ▁meter ▁and ▁other ▁air ▁sampling ▁devices . ▁ ▁A ▁typical ▁ha z mat |
▁vehicle ▁will ▁have ▁a ▁portion ▁dedicated ▁to ▁a ▁command ▁and ▁communic ations ▁center . ▁O ften ▁fitted ▁with ▁computers , ▁televis ions , ▁two - way ▁rad ios ▁and ▁other ▁equipment . ▁This ▁command ▁center ▁is ▁usually ▁located ▁in ▁a ▁portion ▁of ▁the ▁vehicle ▁that ▁sl ides ▁out ▁or ▁exp ands ▁much ▁like ▁is ▁found ▁on ▁a ▁typical ▁recre ational ▁vehicle . ▁ ▁Haz mat ▁vehicles ▁also ▁often ▁come ▁with ▁a ▁port able ▁lab ▁complete ▁with ▁s inks ▁and ▁f ume ▁h ood s ▁that ▁allow ▁for ▁the ▁analysis ▁of ▁samples ▁collected ▁at ▁the ▁scene . ▁Ess entially ▁a ▁mobile ▁labor atory , ▁this ▁allows ▁early ▁on - site ▁scientific ▁analysis ▁and ▁monitoring ▁to ▁speed ▁up ▁the ▁detection ▁process ▁and ▁allow ▁fire fig h ters ▁and ▁other ▁emer gency ▁services ▁to ▁provide ▁the ▁correct ▁response ▁for ▁the ▁particular ▁incident . ▁ ▁Equ ip ment ▁ ▁Some ▁equipment ▁found ▁on ▁ha z mat ▁vehicles ▁include : ▁ ▁Cont ain ment ▁bo oms ▁for ▁contain ▁sp ills ▁of ▁non - mis cible ▁materials ▁ ▁SC B As ▁for ▁personnel ▁ ▁Multiple ▁different ▁types ▁of ▁ha z mat ▁su its ▁ ▁Small ▁pl astic ▁po ols ▁for ▁de cont am ination ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Fire ▁service ▁vehicles ▁Category : T ru cks ▁Category : Fire f ight ing ▁equipment <0x0A> </s> ▁Curt is ▁R . ▁Pri em ▁is ▁an ▁American ▁computer ▁scient ist . ▁ ▁He ▁received ▁a ▁B . S . ▁degree ▁in ▁elect rical ▁engineering ▁from ▁R ens sel a er ▁Poly |
techn ic ▁Institute ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 2 . ▁He ▁designed ▁the ▁first ▁graphics ▁processor ▁for ▁the ▁PC , ▁the ▁IBM ▁Professional ▁Graphics ▁Ad apter . ▁ ▁From ▁ 1 9 8 6 ▁to ▁ 1 9 9 3 , ▁he ▁was ▁a ▁senior ▁staff ▁engineer ▁at ▁Sun ▁Mic ros ystem s , ▁where ▁he ▁developed ▁the ▁G X ▁graphics ▁chip . ▁ ▁He ▁c of ounded ▁N VID IA ▁with ▁Jen - H sun ▁Hu ang ▁and ▁Chris ▁Mal ach ow sky ▁and ▁was ▁its ▁Chief ▁Techn ical ▁Officer ▁from ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁to ▁ 2 0 0 3 . ▁He ▁retired ▁from ▁N VID IA ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 3 . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 0 , ▁R PI ▁named ▁him ▁Entre pr ene ur ▁of ▁the ▁Year . ▁From ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁to ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁he ▁was ▁a ▁trust ee ▁of ▁R ens sel a er . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁he ▁announced ▁that ▁he ▁would ▁don ate ▁an ▁un rest rict ed ▁gift ▁of ▁$ 4 0 ▁million ▁to ▁the ▁Institute . ▁R ens sel a er ▁subsequently ▁created ▁the ▁Curt is ▁R . ▁Pri em ▁Ex perimental ▁Media ▁and ▁Perform ing ▁Arts ▁Center , ▁named ▁in ▁his ▁honor ▁and ▁usually ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁" E MP AC " ▁for ▁short . ▁ ▁He ▁is ▁also ▁president ▁of ▁the ▁Pri em ▁Family ▁Foundation , ▁which ▁he ▁established ▁with ▁his ▁wife ▁Ver onica ▁in ▁September , ▁ |
1 9 9 9 . ▁The ▁foundation ▁is ▁non - oper ating ▁( has ▁no ▁office ▁or ▁staff , ▁and ▁therefore , ▁no ▁overhead ) ▁and ▁exists ▁only ▁to ▁give ▁money ▁to ▁other ▁found ations ▁or ▁char ities . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : N vidia ▁people ▁Category : R ens sel a er ▁Poly techn ic ▁Institute ▁al umn i ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁birth ▁missing ▁( l iving ▁people ) ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : American ▁technology ▁company ▁found ers ▁Category : American ▁elect rical ▁engine ers ▁Category : American ▁chief ▁technology ▁officers ▁Category : American ▁phil anth rop ists <0x0A> </s> ▁Trans ▁European ▁A viation ▁was ▁a ▁British ▁char ter ▁air line ▁which ▁operated ▁from ▁ 1 9 5 9 ▁until ▁closure ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 2 . ▁With ▁the ▁introduction ▁of ▁the ▁larger ▁Lock he ed ▁Const ell ation ▁to ▁its ▁services , ▁the ▁air line ▁name ▁was ▁changed ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 1 ▁to ▁Trans ▁European ▁Air ways . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁The ▁air line ▁was ▁formed ▁in ▁early ▁ 1 9 5 9 ▁to ▁operate ▁char ter ▁fl ights ▁from ▁Sw anse a ▁Airport ▁with ▁two ▁de ▁Hav ill and ▁Dragon ▁Rap ide ▁aircraft . ▁In ▁early ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁the ▁operations ▁base ▁was ▁transferred ▁to ▁Cov entry ▁Airport ▁and ▁a ▁Br istol ▁Fre ighter , ▁previously ▁owned ▁by ▁Air ▁Cond or , ▁was ▁acquired ▁in ▁October ▁that ▁year . ▁This ▁larger ▁aircraft ▁was ▁used ▁to ▁operate ▁both ▁fre ight ▁and |
▁passenger ▁char ter ▁fl ights . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 1 ▁the ▁air line ▁decided ▁to ▁enter ▁the ▁inclus ive - t our ▁market ▁when ▁it ▁tried ▁to ▁ac quire ▁a ▁Lock he ed ▁Const ell ation ▁from ▁Cub ana . ▁The ▁deal ▁fell ▁through ▁but ▁in ▁May ▁ 1 9 6 1 ▁it ▁took ▁delivery ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁of ▁three ▁Const ell ations , ▁which ▁were ▁based ▁at ▁London ▁G at wick ▁Airport . ▁The ▁air line ▁operated ▁char ters ▁and ▁inclus ive ▁tour ▁fl ights ▁from ▁London ▁and ▁other ▁major ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁air ports ▁to ▁Mediter rane an ▁resort s . ▁It ▁also ▁operated ▁inclus ive ▁tour ▁fl ights ▁from ▁West ▁Berlin . ▁In ▁August ▁ 1 9 6 2 ▁the ▁air line ▁ceased ▁operating . ▁ ▁A ircraft ▁types ▁operated ▁▁ ▁de ▁Hav ill and ▁Dragon ▁Rap ide ▁ ▁Br istol ▁Fre ighter ▁ ▁Lock he ed ▁Const ell ation ▁ ▁References ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : Def unct ▁air lines ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁Category : A irl ines ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 9 ▁Category : A irl ines ▁dis est ab lished ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 2 <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 1 8 7 4 ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁general ▁election ▁was ▁held ▁in ▁May ▁and ▁June ▁ 1 8 7 4 , ▁to ▁elect ▁ 4 1 ▁members ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 3 rd ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁Legisl ative ▁Assembly , ▁the ▁gover ning ▁house ▁of ▁the ▁province ▁of ▁New ▁Brun sw ick |
, ▁Canada . ▁The ▁election ▁was ▁held ▁before ▁the ▁ad option ▁of ▁party ▁labels . ▁ ▁Of ▁forty - one ▁ML As , ▁thirty - five ▁supported ▁the ▁government , ▁five ▁formed ▁the ▁opposition , ▁and ▁one ▁was ▁neutral . ▁ ▁The ▁main ▁issue ▁in ▁the ▁election ▁was ▁the ▁Common ▁School s ▁Act ▁passed ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 1 . ▁Roman ▁C athol ics ▁and ▁Ac ad ians , ▁in ▁particular , ▁were ▁opposed ▁to ▁the ▁legisl ation ▁because ▁it ▁b anned ▁religious ▁instruction ▁in ▁public ly ▁fund ed ▁schools . ▁In ▁the ▁ 1 8 7 4 ▁election , ▁support ▁for ▁the ▁government ▁imp lied ▁support ▁for ▁the ▁Common ▁School s ▁Act . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁History ▁of ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁Provin cial ▁E lection ▁Camp aign s ▁and ▁Platform s ▁ 1 8 6 6 - 1 9 7 4 , ▁CA ▁Wood ward ▁( 1 9 7 6 ) ▁▁ ▁Category : 1 8 7 4 ▁elections ▁in ▁Canada ▁Category : E lections ▁in ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁Category : 1 8 7 4 ▁in ▁New ▁Brun sw ick ▁Category : May ▁ 1 8 7 4 ▁events ▁Category : J une ▁ 1 8 7 4 ▁events <0x0A> </s> ▁Cy clone ▁Grant ▁was ▁a ▁tropical ▁cy clone ▁that ▁affected ▁Queensland ▁and ▁the ▁Northern ▁Territ ory ▁in ▁Australia . ▁ ▁Meteor ological ▁history ▁ ▁On ▁ 2 1 ▁December , ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁J oint ▁Ty ph oon ▁Warning ▁Center ▁and ▁the ▁Trop ical ▁Cy clone ▁Warning ▁Centre |
▁in ▁Dar win , ▁Australia , ▁began ▁monitoring ▁an ▁area ▁of ▁low ▁pressure ▁that ▁had ▁developed ▁about ▁ ▁to ▁the ▁n ortheast ▁of ▁Dar win . ▁ ▁Trop ical ▁Low ▁ 0 4 U ▁developed ▁into ▁a ▁Category ▁ 1 ▁tropical ▁cy clone ▁on ▁the ▁morning ▁of ▁ 2 5 ▁December ▁and ▁moved ▁slowly ▁towards ▁the ▁Cob ourg ▁Pen ins ula . ▁The ▁system ▁reached ▁Category ▁ 2 ▁strength ▁in ▁the ▁afternoon ▁of ▁ 2 5 ▁December . ▁In ▁the ▁evening ▁of ▁ 2 8 ▁December ▁the ▁system , ▁down grad ed ▁to ▁a ▁tropical ▁low , ▁moved ▁back ▁onto ▁the ▁waters ▁of ▁the ▁G ulf ▁of ▁Car pent aria . ▁The ▁system ▁continued ▁to ▁move ▁east ward ▁across ▁the ▁Cape ▁York ▁Pen ins ula ▁and ▁into ▁the ▁Cor al ▁Sea , ▁even ▁as ▁the ▁storm ▁weak ened , ▁until ▁Grant ▁under w ent ▁an ▁extr at rop ical ▁transition ▁on ▁ 2 ▁January ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁Later ▁on ▁the ▁same ▁day , ▁the ▁extr at rop ical ▁rem nant ▁of ▁Grant ▁diss ip ated . ▁ ▁Pre par ations ▁and ▁impact ▁ ▁Northern ▁Territ ory ▁A ▁g ale ▁warning ▁was ▁issued ▁for ▁Dar win ▁and ▁the ▁Ti wi ▁Islands ▁on ▁ 2 4 ▁December . ▁The ▁system ▁intens ified ▁on ▁ 2 5 ▁December , ▁reaching ▁Category ▁ 2 ▁status ▁in ▁the ▁afternoon , ▁and ▁a ▁cy clone ▁watch ▁was ▁declared ▁between ▁D und ee ▁Beach ▁and ▁N h ul un bu y , ▁with ▁a ▁cy clone ▁warning |
▁issued ▁for ▁areas ▁between ▁Cape ▁Four c roy ▁and ▁Mil ing im bi ▁including ▁the ▁Ti wi ▁Islands . ▁The ▁system ▁crossed ▁Van ▁D iem en ▁G ulf ▁and ▁made ▁a ▁second ▁land fall ▁east ▁of ▁Point ▁Stuart ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁morning ▁of ▁ 2 6 ▁December . ▁Short ly ▁there after ▁the ▁cy clone ▁was ▁down grad ed ▁to ▁Category ▁ 1 , ▁and ▁by ▁that ▁afternoon ▁it ▁was ▁down grad ed ▁to ▁a ▁tropical ▁low ▁as ▁it ▁passed ▁J ab ir u ▁in ▁K ak adu ▁National ▁Park . ▁J ab ir u ▁Airport ▁had ▁received ▁ ▁of ▁rain ▁by ▁ 9 : 0 0 am ▁on ▁ 2 6 ▁December . ▁On ▁ 2 7 ▁December ▁the ▁system ▁was ▁moving ▁slowly ▁south - east ▁across ▁Arn hem ▁Land , ▁causing ▁heavy ▁ra inf all . ▁Ed ith s ▁Fall ▁R idge ▁recorded ▁ ▁of ▁ra inf all , ▁which ▁produced ▁dam aging ▁flo oding . ▁A ▁cy clone ▁watch ▁was ▁issued ▁on ▁ 2 7 ▁December ▁from ▁N h ul un bu y ▁to ▁N umb al war , ▁including ▁Gro ote ▁E y land t . ▁ ▁Flo oding ▁associated ▁with ▁the ▁system ▁in ▁the ▁K atherine ▁area ▁cut ▁off ▁the ▁Stuart ▁Highway , ▁was hed ▁cars ▁off ▁brid ges ▁and ▁der a iled ▁a ▁train . ▁The ▁Ad ela ide – D ar win ▁railway ▁was ▁sever ely ▁dam aged ▁by ▁the ▁der ail ment ▁of ▁the ▁Gen ese e ▁& ▁Wy oming ▁fre ight ▁train . ▁The |
▁G han ▁was ▁forced ▁to ▁stop ▁with ▁ 2 0 0 ▁passengers ▁in ▁K atherine . ▁One ▁week ▁after ▁the ▁cy clone ▁had ▁passed ▁fre ight ▁companies ▁were ▁po ised ▁to ▁raise ▁transport ation ▁costs ▁as ▁sh ipping ▁to ▁Dar win ▁would ▁need ▁to ▁be ▁done ▁by ▁road . ▁The ▁railway ▁between ▁K atherine ▁and ▁Dar win ▁would ▁be ▁out ▁of ▁service ▁until ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁January ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁ ▁On ▁ 2 8 ▁December ▁the ▁system ▁moved ▁east ward , ▁bringing ▁with ▁it ▁heavy ▁ra inf all ▁to ▁the ▁R oper - Mc Ar thur ▁River ▁districts . ▁ ▁Queensland ▁A ▁cy clone ▁watch ▁was ▁issued ▁for ▁Queensland ▁for ▁coast al ▁areas ▁from ▁Th urs day ▁Island ▁to ▁Gilbert ▁River ▁M outh ▁but ▁was ▁later ▁cancel led ▁when ▁the ▁system ▁did ▁not ▁re - int ens ify ▁to ▁Category ▁ 1 ▁strength . ▁Late ▁on ▁ 2 9 ▁December ▁the ▁system ▁as ▁a ▁tropical ▁mon so on ▁low ▁was ▁north west ▁of ▁P orm p ura aw ▁on ▁the ▁Cape ▁York ▁Pen ins ula ▁before ▁making ▁land fall ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁morning ▁of ▁ 3 0 ▁December ▁south ▁of ▁Wie pa ▁near ▁the ▁ab original ▁community ▁of ▁Aur uk un . ▁A ▁severe ▁weather ▁warning ▁was ▁issued ▁for ▁the ▁Pen ins ula , ▁North ▁Trop ical ▁Coast ▁and ▁G ulf ▁Country ▁districts . ▁Later ▁on ▁ 3 0 ▁December ▁the ▁mon so on ▁low ▁passed ▁Co en ▁and ▁out ▁into ▁the ▁waters ▁of ▁the ▁Cor al ▁Sea . |
▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁J oint ▁Ty ph oon ▁Warning ▁Centre ▁( J TW C ). ▁Australian ▁Bureau ▁of ▁Meteor ology ▁( TC W C ' s ▁Per th , ▁Dar win ▁& ▁Br is b ane ). ▁Trop ical ▁Cy clone ▁Warning ▁Centre ▁Jak arta . ▁ ▁Category : 2 0 1 1 – 1 2 ▁Australian ▁region ▁cy clone ▁season ▁Category : Category ▁ 2 ▁Australian ▁region ▁cycl ones <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁Copa ▁Ver de ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁ 4 th ▁edition ▁of ▁a ▁football ▁competition ▁held ▁in ▁ ▁Brazil . ▁Fe aturing ▁ 1 8 ▁clubs , ▁A cre , ▁Dist rito ▁Federal ▁and ▁M ato ▁Gros so ▁do ▁Sul ▁have ▁two ▁sp ots ; ▁Am ap á , ▁Amazon as , ▁Esp í rito ▁Santo , ▁M ato ▁Gros so , ▁Par á , ▁R ond ô nia , ▁R ora ima ▁and ▁T oc ant ins ▁with ▁one ▁each . ▁The ▁others ▁four ▁ber th s ▁will ▁be ▁set ▁according ▁to ▁C BF ▁ranking . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁final s , ▁Lu ver den se ▁defeated ▁Pays and u ▁ 4 – 2 ▁on ▁aggregate ▁to ▁win ▁their ▁first ▁title ▁and ▁a ▁place ▁in ▁the ▁Round ▁of ▁ 1 6 ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁Copa ▁do ▁Brasil . ▁ ▁Qual ified ▁teams ▁ ▁Sch edule ▁The ▁schedule ▁of ▁the ▁competition ▁is ▁as ▁follows . ▁ ▁Pre lim inary ▁round ▁ ▁| } ▁ ▁Bra cket ▁ ▁Final s ▁ |
▁Lu ver den se ▁won ▁ 4 – 2 ▁on ▁aggregate . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Copa ▁Ver de ▁Category : C op a ▁Ver de ▁Copa ▁Ver de <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Di om ede ▁Islands ▁( ; ▁, ▁ost ro vá ▁Di om ída ), ▁also ▁known ▁in ▁Russia ▁as ▁G vo z dev ▁Islands ▁( , ▁ost ro vá ▁G vo zd je va ), ▁consist ▁of ▁two ▁rock y , ▁mes a - like ▁islands : ▁▁ ▁The ▁Russian ▁island ▁of ▁Big ▁Di om ede ▁( part ▁of ▁Ch uk ot ka ▁Aut onom ous ▁Ok rug ), ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁I ma q li q , ▁In ali q , ▁ ▁N un ar bu k ▁or ▁Rat man ov ▁Island ▁ ▁The ▁U . S . ▁island ▁of ▁Little ▁Di om ede ▁( part ▁of ▁Al aska ) ▁or ▁Ign al uk , ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁Kr us enst ern ▁Island ▁ ▁The ▁Di om ede ▁Islands ▁are ▁located ▁in ▁the ▁middle ▁of ▁the ▁Ber ing ▁Stra it ▁between ▁main land ▁Al aska ▁and ▁Si ber ia , ▁which ▁borders ▁the ▁Ch uk chi ▁Sea ▁to ▁the ▁north ▁and ▁the ▁Ber ing ▁Sea ▁to ▁the ▁south . ▁ ▁to ▁the ▁sout heast ▁is ▁Fair way ▁Rock , ▁which ▁is ▁generally ▁not ▁considered ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Di om ede ▁Islands . ▁Because ▁they ▁are ▁separated ▁by ▁the ▁International ▁Date ▁Line , ▁Big ▁Di om ede ▁is ▁almost ▁a ▁day ▁ahead ▁of ▁Little ▁Di om ede , ▁but ▁not ▁completely ; |
▁due ▁to ▁locally ▁defined ▁time ▁zones , ▁Big ▁Di om ede ▁is ▁only ▁ 2 1 ▁hours ▁ahead ▁of ▁Little ▁Di om ede ▁( 2 0 ▁in ▁summer ). ▁Because ▁of ▁this , ▁the ▁islands ▁are ▁sometimes ▁called ▁Tom orrow ▁Island ▁( Big ▁Di om ede ) ▁and ▁Y esterday ▁Island ▁( L ittle ▁Di om ede ). ▁ ▁Et ym ology ▁The ▁islands ▁are ▁named ▁for ▁the ▁Greek ▁Saint ▁Di om edes ; ▁Dan ish - Russ ian ▁navig ator ▁Vit us ▁Ber ing ▁sight ed ▁the ▁Di om ede ▁Islands ▁on ▁August ▁ 1 6 ▁( O . S ., ▁August ▁ 2 7 ▁N . S .), ▁ 1 7 2 8 , ▁the ▁day ▁on ▁which ▁the ▁Russian ▁Orth odox ▁Church ▁celebr ates ▁the ▁memory ▁of ▁the ▁saint . ▁ ▁Location ▁The ▁islands ▁are ▁separated ▁by ▁an ▁international ▁border , ▁which ▁defines ▁the ▁International ▁Date ▁Line ▁in ▁that ▁area , ▁about ▁ ▁from ▁each ▁island , ▁at ▁ 1 6 8 ° 5 8 ' 3 7 " W . ▁At ▁their ▁closest ▁points , ▁the ▁two ▁islands ▁are ▁about ▁ ▁apart . ▁The ▁small ▁habit ation ▁on ▁Little ▁Di om ede ▁Island ▁is ▁centered ▁on ▁the ▁west ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁island ▁at ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁Di om ede . ▁ ▁Big ▁Di om ede ▁Island ▁is ▁the ▁eastern most ▁point ▁of ▁Russia . ▁ ▁The ▁Di om ede ▁Islands ▁are ▁often ▁mentioned ▁as ▁likely ▁intermediate ▁stops ▁for ▁the ▁hypoth et ical ▁bridge ▁or ▁tunnel ▁( B ering ▁Stra |
it ▁crossing ) ▁sp anning ▁the ▁Ber ing ▁Stra it . ▁ ▁During ▁winter , ▁an ▁ice ▁bridge ▁usually ▁sp ans ▁the ▁distance ▁between ▁these ▁two ▁islands ; ▁therefore ▁during ▁such ▁times ▁it ▁is ▁theoret ically ▁possible ▁( although ▁not ▁legal , ▁since ▁travel ▁between ▁the ▁two ▁islands ▁is ▁forb idden ) ▁to ▁walk ▁between ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁and ▁Russia . ▁ ▁History ▁The ▁first ▁European ▁to ▁reach ▁the ▁Ber ing ▁Stra it ▁was ▁the ▁Russian ▁expl orer ▁S emy on ▁Dez h ne v ▁in ▁ 1 6 4 8 . ▁He ▁reported ▁two ▁islands ▁whose ▁n atives ▁had ▁b one ▁lip ▁orn aments , ▁but ▁it ▁is ▁not ▁certain ▁that ▁these ▁were ▁the ▁Di om edes . ▁Dan ish ▁navig ator ▁Vit us ▁Ber ing ▁re - dis cover ed ▁the ▁Di om ede ▁Islands ▁while ▁leading ▁a ▁Russian ▁expedition ▁on ▁ 1 6 ▁August ▁( O . S ., ▁ 2 6 August ▁N . S .) ▁ 1 7 2 8 , ▁the ▁day ▁when ▁the ▁Russian ▁Orth odox ▁Church ▁celebr ates ▁the ▁memory ▁of ▁the ▁mart yr ▁St . ▁Di om ede ▁( h ence , ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁islands ). ▁In ▁ 1 7 3 2 , ▁a ▁Russian ▁ge odes ist , ▁Mik h ail ▁G vo z dev , ▁determined ▁longitude ▁and ▁latitude ▁for ▁the ▁two ▁islands . ▁ ▁The ▁text ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 8 6 7 ▁treat y ▁between ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁and ▁Russia ▁which ▁final ized ▁the ▁Al aska ▁purchase |
▁uses ▁the ▁islands ▁to ▁design ate ▁the ▁boundary ▁between ▁the ▁two ▁nations : ▁The ▁border ▁separ ates ▁" equ id ist antly ▁Kr us enst ern ▁Island , ▁or ▁Ign al uk , ▁from ▁Rat man ov ▁Island , ▁or ▁N un ar bu k , ▁and ▁heads ▁north ward ▁infinitely ▁until ▁it ▁disapp ears ▁completely ▁in ▁the ▁Ar ctic ▁Ocean ." ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁Cold ▁War , ▁that ▁gap ▁constit uted ▁the ▁border ▁between ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁and ▁the ▁Soviet ▁Union , ▁and ▁became ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁" I ce ▁Cur tain ". ▁In ▁ 1 9 8 7 , ▁however , ▁Lyn ne ▁C ox ▁sw am ▁from ▁one ▁island ▁to ▁the ▁other , ▁and ▁was ▁con gr at ulated ▁by ▁both ▁Mik h ail ▁G orb ache v ▁and ▁Ron ald ▁Re agan ▁for ▁her ▁fe at . ▁ ▁In ▁summer ▁ 1 9 9 5 , ▁British ▁television ▁actor ▁and ▁document ary ▁present er ▁Michael ▁Pal in ▁started ▁his ▁counter clock wise ▁circ umn avigation ▁of ▁the ▁Pacific ▁R im , ▁en comp ass ing ▁ 1 8 ▁different ▁countries , ▁on ▁Little ▁Di om ede ▁Island , ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁BBC ▁series ▁Full ▁Circle . ▁He ▁intended ▁to ▁set ▁foot ▁on ▁it ▁again ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁his ▁eight - month ▁tre k , ▁but ▁was ▁unable ▁to ▁do ▁so ▁because ▁of ▁rough ▁se as . ▁ ▁Big ▁Di om ede ▁Island ▁was ▁tradition ally ▁the ▁eastern most ▁land mass ▁before ▁the ▁International ▁Date ▁Line , ▁and |
▁the ▁first ▁land mass ▁to ▁ring ▁in ▁a ▁new ▁year , ▁if ▁using ▁local ▁solar ▁time . ▁When ▁using ▁official ▁time , ▁however , ▁a ▁large ▁area ▁in ▁eastern ▁Russia ▁and ▁New ▁Zealand ▁also ▁share ▁the ▁same ▁time ▁zone . ▁New ▁Zealand ▁also ▁has ▁Day light ▁S aving ▁time ▁in ▁effect ▁during ▁late ▁December , ▁but ▁Russia ▁does ▁not ▁( see ▁time ▁in ▁New ▁Zealand ▁and ▁time ▁in ▁Russia ). ▁This ▁became ▁mo ot ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 5 , ▁however , ▁when ▁the ▁International ▁Date ▁Line ▁was ▁moved ▁to ▁the ▁east ▁of ▁Ki rib ati ▁and ▁that ▁country ' s ▁eastern most ▁time ▁zone ▁( G MT + 1 4 ) ▁is ▁now ▁the ▁world ' s ▁earliest . ▁ ▁The ▁Soviet ▁government ▁re located ▁the ▁ind igen ous ▁population ▁of ▁Big ▁Di om ede ▁Island ▁to ▁main land ▁Russia , ▁and ▁the ▁island ▁is ▁now ▁inhab ited ▁only ▁by ▁military ▁units . ▁Little ▁Di om ede ▁had ▁an ▁In up iat ▁In uit ▁population ▁of ▁ 1 7 0 , ▁which ▁has ▁decl ined ▁to ▁ 1 1 5 ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁Census , ▁entirely ▁in ▁the ▁village ▁site ▁on ▁the ▁west ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁island , ▁though ▁the ▁island ▁as ▁a ▁whole ▁compr ises ▁the ▁City ▁of ▁Di om ede . ▁This ▁village ▁has ▁a ▁school , ▁a ▁post ▁office ▁and ▁a ▁store . ▁Some ▁In uit ▁residents ▁are ▁famous ▁for ▁their ▁iv ory ▁car ving . ▁When ▁weather ▁perm its , ▁commercial ▁air ▁contact |
▁is ▁maintained ▁with ▁the ▁island ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁US ▁Government ▁Ess ential ▁Air ▁Service ▁Program . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁islands ▁of ▁Al aska ▁List ▁of ▁islands ▁of ▁Russia ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Im ages ▁of ▁the ▁islands ▁() ▁Little ▁Di om ede ▁page , ▁with ▁images ▁Pro posed ▁Trans - Global ▁Highway ▁and ▁Amer As ian ▁Peace ▁T unnel ▁Michael ▁Pal in ▁site ▁about ▁Di om edes ▁ ▁Category : Intern ational ▁arch ip el ago es ▁Category : Is lands ▁of ▁Al aska ▁Category : Is lands ▁of ▁the ▁Ch uk chi ▁Sea ▁Category : Is lands ▁of ▁the ▁Ber ing ▁Sea ▁Category : Is lands ▁of ▁N ome ▁Census ▁Area , ▁Al aska ▁Category : Is lands ▁of ▁Ch uk ot ka ▁Aut onom ous ▁Ok rug ▁Category : Is lands ▁of ▁Un organ ized ▁Bor ough , ▁Al aska ▁Category : B ering ▁Stra it <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁Ind y ▁L ights ▁season ▁was ▁a ▁season ▁of ▁open ▁wheel ▁motor ▁racing . ▁It ▁was ▁the ▁ 2 9 th ▁season ▁of ▁the ▁Ind y ▁L ights ▁series ▁and ▁the ▁ 1 3 th ▁san ction ed ▁by ▁Ind y Car , ▁acting ▁as ▁the ▁primary ▁support ▁series ▁for ▁the ▁Ind y Car ▁Series . ▁It ▁began ▁March ▁ 3 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁in ▁St . ▁Petersburg . ▁The ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁season ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁promoted ▁by ▁Anders en ▁Prom ot ions |
, ▁who ▁also ▁prom otes ▁the ▁other ▁steps ▁on ▁the ▁Maz da ▁Road ▁to ▁Ind y . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁the ▁final ▁season ▁for ▁the ▁D all ara ▁IP S / Inf init i ▁V 8 ▁ch ass is ▁and ▁engine ▁package ▁that ▁deb uted ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 2 . ▁A ▁new ▁ch ass is , ▁to ▁be ▁built ▁by ▁D all ara , ▁will ▁be ▁introduced ▁for ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁along ▁with ▁an ▁A ER ▁tur bo charg ed ▁ 4 - cy l inder ▁engine . ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁was ▁also ▁the ▁first ▁season ▁with ▁Cooper ▁T ire ▁as ▁the ▁sole ▁t ire ▁supp lier , ▁replacing ▁Fir estone ▁who ▁had ▁supplied ▁t ires ▁to ▁the ▁series ▁for ▁its ▁entire ▁previous ▁existence . ▁ ▁Colomb ian - American ▁Gab by ▁Ch aves , ▁driving ▁for ▁Bel ardi ▁Auto ▁Racing ▁captured ▁the ▁championship ▁on ▁the ▁second ▁tie - bre aker ▁over ▁Schmidt ▁Pet erson ▁Mot ors ports ▁ro ok ie ▁Jack ▁Har vey . ▁ ▁Early ▁on , ▁the ▁season ▁appeared ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁two - hor se ▁race ▁between ▁Ch aves ▁and ▁And rett i ▁Aut os port ' s ▁Zach ▁V each . ▁However , ▁a ▁late - season ▁charge ▁by ▁Har vey ▁put ▁him ▁within ▁striking ▁distance ▁of ▁the ▁championship . ▁Har vey ▁did ▁not ▁capture ▁his ▁first ▁win ▁until ▁the ▁t enth ▁race ▁of ▁the ▁season . ▁However , ▁Ch aves ▁managed ▁a ▁second - place ▁finish ▁in ▁the ▁final ▁race ▁of |
▁the ▁season ▁behind ▁Har vey ▁in ▁first . ▁Ch aves ▁and ▁Har vey ▁tied ▁on ▁points ▁and ▁on ▁the ▁first ▁tie - bre aker ▁number ▁of ▁wins ▁with ▁four ▁each . ▁Ch aves ▁captured ▁the ▁championship ▁by ▁having ▁five ▁second - place ▁finish es ▁to ▁Har vey ' s ▁one . ▁Despite ▁a ▁season ▁of ▁low ▁car - count s ▁where ▁only ▁eight ▁drivers ▁competed ▁in ▁all ▁ 1 4 ▁races , ▁six ▁different ▁drivers ▁captured ▁vict ories . ▁In ▁addition ▁to ▁Ch aves , ▁Har vey , ▁and ▁V each , ▁other ▁w inners ▁included ▁Matthew ▁B rab ham ▁and ▁Lu iz ▁Raz ia ▁who ▁each ▁captured ▁their ▁first ▁and ▁only ▁wins ▁of ▁the ▁season ▁on ▁the ▁Indian apolis ▁Motor ▁Speed way ▁road ▁course ▁and ▁Bel ardi ' s ▁Alexandre ▁Baron – ▁a ▁race - w inner ▁in ▁Toronto – ▁who ▁was ▁in ▁the ▁championship ▁h unt ▁until ▁reported ▁vis a ▁issues ▁forced ▁him ▁to ▁leave ▁the ▁series . ▁ ▁Team ▁and ▁driver ▁chart ▁ ▁All ▁drivers ▁competed ▁in ▁Cooper ▁T ire – sh od ▁D all ara ▁ch ass is . ▁ ▁Sch edule ▁Anders en ▁Prom ot ions ▁announced ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁Ind y ▁L ights ▁schedule ▁on ▁October ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁The ▁season ▁consisted ▁of ▁ 1 4 ▁races ▁held ▁over ▁ 1 0 ▁race ▁week ends , ▁consisting ▁of ▁three ▁street ▁circ uits , ▁three ▁o val s , ▁and ▁four ▁permanent ▁road ▁courses . ▁All |
▁race ▁week ends ▁on ▁permanent ▁road ▁courses ▁were ▁double - race ▁week ends . ▁The ▁series ▁returned ▁to ▁Son oma ▁Race way ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁since ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁It ▁also ▁rac ed ▁on ▁the ▁Indian apolis ▁Motor ▁Speed way ▁road ▁course ▁for ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁since ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁in ▁support ▁of ▁the ▁new ▁Grand ▁Prix ▁of ▁Indian apolis , ▁although ▁the ▁track ▁was ▁in ▁a ▁different ▁configuration ▁than ▁the ▁one ▁rac ed ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 7 . ▁The ▁series ▁did ▁not ▁return ▁to ▁Iowa ▁Speed way , ▁Auto ▁Club ▁Speed way , ▁or ▁Houston ▁despite ▁Ind y Car ▁returning ▁to ▁those ▁tracks ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁and ▁did ▁not ▁race ▁at ▁the ▁Baltimore ▁Grand ▁Prix ▁as ▁that ▁race ▁was ▁cancel led ▁for ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁ ▁Race ▁results ▁ ▁Championship ▁stand ings ▁ ▁D ri vers ' ▁championship ▁Point s ▁system ▁▁ ▁D ri vers ▁had ▁to ▁complete ▁ 5 0 % ▁of ▁the ▁race ▁distance ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁score ▁full ▁points , ▁otherwise ▁ 1 ▁point ▁was ▁awarded . ▁▁ ▁T ies ▁in ▁points ▁broken ▁by ▁number ▁of ▁wins , ▁or ▁best ▁finish es . ▁ ▁Teams ' ▁championship ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : Ind y ▁L ights ▁seasons ▁Ind y ▁L ights <0x0A> </s> ▁Fish ers ville ▁is ▁a ▁census - design ated ▁place ▁( CD P ) ▁in ▁August a ▁County , ▁Virginia , ▁United ▁States . ▁The ▁population ▁was ▁ 7 |
, 4 6 2 ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁census , ▁an ▁increase ▁of ▁nearly ▁fifty ▁percent ▁from ▁the ▁ 4 , 9 9 8 ▁reported ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 . ▁It ▁is ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Sta un ton – W ay nes bor o ▁Mic ropol itan ▁Statist ical ▁Area . ▁ ▁Fish ers ville ▁is ▁also ▁home ▁to ▁Bar ren ▁R idge ▁V ine y ards ▁( on ▁the ▁Sh en ando ah ▁Valley ▁W ine ▁Tra il ), ▁winner ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁Best ▁in ▁Show ▁wine ▁at ▁the ▁Virginia ▁State ▁Fair . ▁ ▁Geography ▁Fish ers ville ▁is ▁located ▁at ▁ ▁( 3 8 . 0 9 8 7 3 7 , ▁− 7 8 . 9 6 7 8 2 4 ). ▁ ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Census ▁Bureau , ▁the ▁CD P ▁has ▁a ▁total ▁area ▁of ▁ 1 3 . 1 square ▁miles ▁( 3 4 . 0 km 2 ), ▁of ▁which , ▁ 1 3 . 1 square m iles ▁( 3 4 . 0 km 2 ) ▁of ▁it ▁is ▁land ▁and ▁ 0 . 0 8 % ▁is ▁water . ▁ ▁Dem ograph ics ▁ ▁As ▁of ▁the ▁census ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 0 , ▁there ▁were ▁ 4 , 9 9 8 ▁people , ▁ 1 , 8 2 6 ▁households , ▁and ▁ 1 , 4 3 3 ▁families ▁res iding ▁in ▁the ▁CD P . |
▁The ▁population ▁density ▁was ▁ 3 8 0 . 6 ▁people ▁per ▁square ▁mile ▁( 1 4 7 . 0 / km 2 ). ▁There ▁were ▁ 1 , 9 3 1 ▁housing ▁units ▁at ▁an ▁average ▁density ▁of ▁ 1 4 7 . 0 / sq mi ▁( 5 6 . 8 / km 2 ). ▁The ▁ra cial ▁make up ▁of ▁the ▁CD P ▁was ▁ 9 4 . 7 6 % ▁White , ▁ 3 . 9 8 % ▁African ▁American , ▁ 0 . 1 2 % ▁Native ▁American , ▁ 0 . 4 2 % ▁Asian , ▁ 0 . 0 8 % ▁from ▁other ▁races , ▁and ▁ 0 . 6 4 % ▁from ▁two ▁or ▁more ▁races . ▁His pan ic ▁or ▁Lat ino ▁of ▁any ▁race ▁were ▁ 0 . 6 2 % ▁of ▁the ▁population . ▁ ▁There ▁were ▁ 1 , 8 2 6 ▁households ▁out ▁of ▁which ▁ 3 2 . 6 % ▁had ▁children ▁under ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 1 8 ▁living ▁with ▁them , ▁ 6 6 . 0 % ▁were ▁married ▁cou ples ▁living ▁together , ▁ 9 . 7 % ▁had ▁a ▁female ▁house holder ▁with ▁no ▁husband ▁present , ▁and ▁ 2 1 . 5 % ▁were ▁non - famil ies . ▁ 1 9 . 2 % ▁of ▁all ▁households ▁were ▁made ▁up ▁of ▁individuals ▁and ▁ 9 . 0 % ▁had ▁someone ▁living ▁alone ▁who ▁was ▁ 6 5 ▁years ▁of ▁age ▁or ▁older |
. ▁The ▁average ▁household ▁size ▁was ▁ 2 . 5 1 ▁and ▁the ▁average ▁family ▁size ▁was ▁ 2 . 8 5 . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁CD P , ▁the ▁population ▁was ▁spread ▁out ▁with ▁ 2 2 . 1 % ▁under ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 5 . 5 % ▁from ▁ 1 8 ▁to ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 7 . 7 % ▁from ▁ 2 5 ▁to ▁ 4 4 , ▁ 2 6 . 7 % ▁from ▁ 4 5 ▁to ▁ 6 4 , ▁and ▁ 1 8 . 0 % ▁who ▁were ▁ 6 5 ▁years ▁of ▁age ▁or ▁older . ▁The ▁median ▁age ▁was ▁ 4 2 ▁years . ▁For ▁every ▁ 1 0 0 ▁females ▁there ▁were ▁ 9 1 . 0 ▁males . ▁For ▁every ▁ 1 0 0 ▁females ▁age ▁ 1 8 ▁and ▁over , ▁there ▁were ▁ 8 7 . 2 ▁males . ▁ ▁The ▁median ▁income ▁for ▁a ▁household ▁in ▁the ▁CD P ▁was ▁$ 4 9 , 3 2 2 , ▁and ▁the ▁median ▁income ▁for ▁a ▁family ▁was ▁$ 5 3 , 5 2 8 . ▁M ales ▁had ▁a ▁median ▁income ▁of ▁$ 3 6 , 0 9 4 ▁versus ▁$ 2 6 , 7 7 8 ▁for ▁females . ▁The ▁per ▁cap ita ▁income ▁for ▁the ▁CD P ▁was ▁$ 2 1 , 2 4 8 . ▁About ▁ 5 . 5 % ▁of ▁families ▁and ▁ 6 . 0 % ▁of |
▁the ▁population ▁were ▁below ▁the ▁pover ty ▁line , ▁including ▁ 8 . 3 % ▁of ▁those ▁under ▁age ▁ 1 8 ▁and ▁ 7 . 4 % ▁of ▁those ▁age ▁ 6 5 ▁or ▁over . ▁ ▁Education ▁Fish ers ville ▁has ▁four ▁public ▁schools , ▁all ▁part ▁of ▁August a ▁County ▁Public ▁School s , ▁including ▁Wilson ▁Element ary ▁School , ▁Wilson ▁Middle ▁School , ▁Wilson ▁Memorial ▁High ▁School , ▁and ▁Valley ▁V oc ational ▁Career ▁and ▁Techn ical ▁Center . ▁It ▁also ▁is ▁home ▁to ▁Wilson ▁Work force ▁& ▁Re h abil itation ▁Center , ▁formerly ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Wood row ▁Wilson ▁Re h abil itation ▁Center , ▁a ▁resident ial ▁voc ational ▁training ▁center ▁operated ▁by ▁the ▁Commonwealth ▁of ▁Virginia . ▁ ▁Historical ▁sites ▁The ▁T ink ling ▁Spring ▁area ▁is ▁the ▁site ▁of ▁T ink ling ▁Spring ▁Pres by ter ian ▁Church , ▁founded ▁in ▁ 1 7 4 0 , ▁ ▁and ▁served ▁by ▁past or ▁Robert ▁Lewis ▁D ab ney ▁from ▁ 1 8 5 2 – 1 8 5 7 . ▁ ▁Cultural ▁references ▁In ▁the ▁first ▁season ▁of ▁Net fli x ' s ▁Orange ▁is ▁the ▁New ▁Black , ▁the ▁character ▁Pen ns at ucky ▁sho ots ▁a ▁woman ▁in ▁a ▁fict it ious ▁abort ion ▁clin ic ▁based ▁in ▁Fish ers ville . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : C ensus - design ated ▁places ▁in ▁August a ▁County , ▁Virginia <0x0A> </s> ▁An ▁hon esty ▁box ▁is ▁a ▁method ▁of ▁charg ing ▁for |
▁a ▁service ▁such ▁as ▁ad mission ▁or ▁car ▁par king , ▁or ▁for ▁a ▁product ▁such ▁as ▁home - g rown ▁produce ▁and ▁flowers , ▁which ▁re lies ▁upon ▁each ▁visitor ▁pay ing ▁at ▁a ▁box ▁using ▁the ▁honor ▁system . ▁T ick ets ▁are ▁not ▁issued ▁and ▁such ▁sites ▁are ▁usually ▁un att ended . ▁When ▁used ▁in ▁camp ing ▁sites ▁and ▁other ▁park ▁settings , ▁they ▁are ▁sometimes ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁an ▁iron ▁r anger ▁as ▁there ▁is ▁often ▁an ▁iron ▁c ash ▁box ▁instead ▁of ▁an ▁actual ▁park ▁r anger . ▁Some ▁stores ▁also ▁use ▁them ▁for ▁s elling ▁newsp apers ▁to ▁avoid ▁lines ▁at ▁a ▁C ash ▁Register . ▁ ▁Such ▁boxes ▁are ▁typically ▁used ▁in ▁rural ▁areas ▁where ▁the ▁low ▁number ▁of ▁customers ▁and ▁other ▁visitors , ▁along ▁with ▁the ▁low ▁quantity ▁and / or ▁value ▁of ▁the ▁products ▁on ▁offer , ▁means ▁that ▁an ▁att endant ▁would ▁not ▁bring ▁a ▁positive ▁return ▁on ▁invest ment . ▁Many ▁are ▁also ▁dom est ically ▁run ▁operations ▁where ▁attend ance ▁is ▁not ▁feas ible . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Take ▁a ▁pen ny , ▁leave ▁a ▁pen ny ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : H on or ▁Category : Pay ment ▁systems ▁Category : R ural ▁culture <0x0A> </s> ▁Mor avia ▁is ▁a ▁historical ▁region ▁in ▁the ▁Czech ▁Republic . ▁ ▁Mor avia ▁may ▁also ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁Great ▁Mor avia , ▁a ▁European ▁state ▁in ▁the ▁ 9 th ▁century ▁ ▁The ▁Latin ▁name ▁for ▁Mor ay , ▁a ▁county |
▁in ▁Scotland ▁ ▁Mar gra vi ate ▁of ▁Mor avia , ▁a ▁Mark ▁in ▁the ▁Holy ▁Roman ▁Empire ▁ ▁Mor avia , ▁Baltimore , ▁Maryland , ▁United ▁States , ▁a ▁neighborhood ▁in ▁n ortheast ▁Baltimore ▁ ▁Mor avia , ▁Iowa , ▁United ▁States , ▁a ▁small ▁city ▁ ▁Mor avia , ▁New ▁York , ▁United ▁States , ▁a ▁town ▁ ▁Mor avia ▁( v ill age ), ▁New ▁York , ▁within ▁the ▁town ▁ ▁Mor avia ▁( c anton ), ▁Costa ▁Rica ▁ ▁The ▁former ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁Finn ish ▁mel od ic ▁death ▁metal ▁band ▁T rac eda wn ▁ ▁People ▁▁▁ ▁Alberto ▁Mor avia , ▁pen ▁name ▁of ▁Italian ▁writer ▁Alberto ▁Pin cher le ▁( 1 9 0 7 - 1 9 9 0 ) ▁who ▁author ed ▁The ▁Con form ist ▁ ▁Charles ▁Mor avia ▁( 1 8 7 5 - 1 9 3 8 ), ▁H ait ian ▁poet , ▁dram at ist , ▁teacher , ▁and ▁diplom at ▁ ▁F res kin , ▁F lem ish ▁no blem an , ▁sty led ▁de ▁Mor avia ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁Mor av ian ▁( disambiguation ) ▁ ▁Mor ava ▁( disambiguation ) <0x0A> </s> ▁Sir ▁Mill is ▁Row land ▁J ef fer is ▁K BE ▁MC ▁( 9 ▁January ▁ 1 8 9 9 ▁– ▁ 5 ▁September ▁ 1 9 6 3 ) ▁was ▁a ▁British ▁military ▁officer ▁who ▁founded ▁a ▁special ▁unit ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Supp ly ▁which ▁developed ▁unusual ▁weapons ▁during ▁the ▁Second ▁World |
▁War . ▁ ▁Early ▁career ▁Born ▁at ▁Mer st ham , ▁Sur rey ▁on ▁ 9 ▁January ▁ 1 8 9 9 , ▁J ef fer is ▁was ▁educated ▁at ▁Ton bridge ▁School ▁and ▁Royal ▁Military ▁Academy , ▁W ool wich . ▁From ▁W ool wich ▁he ▁was ▁commission ed ▁into ▁the ▁Royal ▁Engine ers ▁on ▁ 6 ▁June ▁ 1 9 1 8 ▁and ▁after ▁passing ▁through ▁the ▁School ▁of ▁Military ▁Engineering ▁at ▁Ch ath am , ▁he ▁was ▁posted ▁to ▁the ▁First ▁Field ▁Squadron ▁RE ▁in ▁the ▁Rh ine ▁Army . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 2 0 ▁he ▁went ▁to ▁India ▁and ▁served ▁with ▁the ▁Queen ' s ▁O wn ▁Mad ras ▁S app ers ▁and ▁Min ers ▁in ▁the ▁Third ▁Field ▁Tro op ▁at ▁S ial k ot . ▁In ▁ 1 9 2 2 ▁he ▁went ▁into ▁the ▁Works ▁Services ▁in ▁India ▁as ▁g arrison ▁engineer ▁at ▁Koh at ▁and ▁then ▁at ▁Kh ais ora ▁which ▁is ▁today ▁in ▁Pakistan . ▁He ▁saw ▁active ▁service ▁in ▁the ▁W az ir istan ▁Camp aign ▁where ▁his ▁main ▁responsibility ▁was ▁the ▁construction ▁of ▁roads . ▁On ▁ 1 2 ▁June ▁ 1 9 2 3 ▁he ▁was ▁awarded ▁the ▁Military ▁Cross , ▁the ▁c itation ▁read : ▁ ▁He ▁then ▁returned ▁to ▁Ch ath am ▁and ▁went ▁to ▁Cambridge ▁University . ▁In ▁ 1 9 2 5 , ▁he ▁returned ▁to ▁India ▁and ▁was ▁placed ▁on ▁special ▁duty ▁at ▁Kab ul ▁in ▁the ▁foreign ▁and ▁political ▁department . ▁In ▁ |
1 9 2 6 ▁he ▁returned ▁to ▁Now sh era ▁as ▁g arrison ▁engineer ▁and ▁spent ▁several ▁years ▁in ▁Works ▁Services ▁at ▁P esh aw ar ▁where ▁he ▁made ▁full ▁use ▁of ▁this ▁engineering ▁genius ▁design ing ▁brid ges . ▁Also ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 5 , ▁he ▁married ▁Ruth ▁Carol y ne , ▁daughter ▁of ▁G . ▁E . ▁W ake field . ▁They ▁had ▁three ▁sons , ▁two ▁of ▁whom ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁serve ▁in ▁the ▁Royal ▁Engine ers . ▁On ▁ 1 ▁June ▁ 1 9 2 9 , ▁J ef fer is ▁was ▁promoted ▁to ▁captain . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 3 4 ▁he ▁was ▁posted ▁to ▁the ▁Royal ▁Bomb ay ▁S app ers ▁and ▁Min ers ▁at ▁Kir kee ▁as ▁a ▁company ▁commander ▁in ▁the ▁training ▁batt alion . ▁He ▁returned ▁to ▁Britain ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 6 ▁and ▁joined ▁the ▁Tw enty - third ▁Field ▁Company ▁at ▁Ald ers hot . ▁Mov ing ▁to ▁the ▁First ▁Field ▁Squadron , ▁he ▁stayed ▁at ▁Ald ers hot ▁while ▁the ▁unit ▁was ▁being ▁mechan ised . ▁While ▁at ▁Ald ers hot , ▁J ef fer is ▁successfully ▁rac ed ▁horses ▁and ▁played ▁squ ash ▁compet it ively . ▁He ▁was ▁promoted ▁major ▁on ▁ 6 ▁June ▁ 1 9 3 8 , ▁and ▁on ▁ 4 ▁April ▁ 1 9 3 9 ▁he ▁was ▁appointed ▁a ▁General ▁Staff ▁Officer , ▁Gra de ▁ 2 . ▁ ▁Second ▁World ▁War ▁ ▁Norway ▁In ▁ 1 9 4 0 |
▁J ef fer is ▁was ▁sent ▁to ▁Norway . ▁He ▁returned ▁to ▁give ▁a ▁personal ▁account ▁of ▁his ▁activities ▁to ▁Prime ▁Minister ▁W inst on ▁Church ill , ▁who ▁used ▁his ▁report ▁to ▁brief ▁the ▁War ▁Cab inet : ▁▁ ▁For ▁his ▁service ▁in ▁Norway , ▁J ef fer is ▁was ▁awarded ▁the ▁Norwegian ▁War ▁Cross ▁with ▁sword , ▁and ▁M ention ed ▁in ▁Des patch es ▁for ▁his ▁efforts ▁in ▁the ▁withdraw al ▁from ▁L ille ham mer . ▁ ▁MD 1 ▁J ef fer is ▁started ▁working ▁on ▁sab ot age ▁devices ▁for ▁the ▁" Mil it ary ▁Int elligence ▁Research " ▁( M IR ). ▁When ▁M IR ▁was ▁combined ▁with ▁other ▁h ush - h ush ▁elements ▁to ▁form ▁the ▁SO E , ▁J ef fer is ' ▁unit ▁was ▁not ▁included ▁and ▁it ▁instead ▁became ▁a ▁department ▁in ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Def ence ; ▁the ▁only ▁unit ▁of ▁the ▁Minister ▁of ▁Def ence ▁( The ▁Prime ▁Minister , ▁W inst on ▁Church ill ) ▁and ▁was ▁known ▁as ▁" MD 1 ", ▁ultimately ▁based ▁in ▁a ▁house ▁called ▁" The ▁F irs " ▁in ▁Wh itch urch ▁near ▁A yles bury ▁in ▁Buck ingham shire ▁England . ▁ ▁The ▁unit ▁was ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁design , ▁development ▁and ▁production ▁of ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁unique ▁special ▁forces ▁and ▁regular ▁m un itions ▁during ▁the ▁Second ▁World ▁War . ▁It ▁gained ▁the ▁nick name ▁" W inst on ▁Church ill ' s ▁to y shop ". ▁ ▁J ef fer |
is ▁was ▁an ▁explos ives ▁expert ▁and ▁engineer , ▁but ▁lack ed ▁the ▁ability ▁to ▁manage ▁men ▁well . ▁He ▁was ▁assist ed ▁in ▁the ▁management ▁of ▁MD 1 ▁by ▁a ▁w ily ▁assistant ▁– ▁Major ▁Stuart ▁Mac ra e , ▁whose ▁book ▁W inst on ▁Church ill ' s ▁Toy shop , ▁is ▁still ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁few ▁published ▁works ▁on ▁this ▁unique ▁unit . ▁ ▁Over ▁the ▁period ▁of ▁the ▁Second ▁World ▁War , ▁MD 1 ▁was ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁introduction ▁into ▁service ▁of ▁a ▁total ▁of ▁ 2 6 ▁different ▁devices . ▁ ▁Their ▁designs ▁include ▁the ▁P I AT , ▁the ▁St icky ▁bomb ▁and ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁magnetic ▁L imp et ▁naval ▁mines . ▁ ▁Through ▁the ▁application ▁of ▁the ▁S qu ash ▁head ▁and ▁HE AT ▁technology ▁they ▁had ▁a ▁role ▁in ▁the ▁development ▁and ▁production ▁of ▁L t - Col ▁Stewart ▁Black er ' s ▁Black er ▁Bomb ard , ▁the ▁P I AT ▁( Black er ' s ▁smaller ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁bomb ard ) ▁matched ▁to ▁a ▁h ollow ▁charge ▁war head , ▁H edge h og ▁( effect ively ▁an ▁ad a ption ▁of ▁the ▁Bomb ard ▁sp ig ot ▁mort ar ▁principle ▁working ▁with ▁the ▁Navy ' s ▁Director ate ▁of ▁Mis cell aneous ▁We ap ons ▁Development ) ▁and ▁tank ▁variants ▁including ▁the ▁AV RE ▁with ▁its ▁" F lying ▁D ust bin " ▁ 2 9 0 mm ▁Pet ard ▁sp ig ot ▁mort ar , ▁and ▁a ▁bridge |
- lay ing ▁tank . ▁ ▁J ef fer is ▁developed ▁the ▁idea ▁of ▁the ▁squ ash ▁head ▁further . ▁His ▁most ▁am bit ious ▁project ▁was ▁a ▁bomb ▁designed ▁to ▁sink ▁capital ▁ships , ▁his ▁ideas ▁were ▁put ▁forward ▁by ▁himself ▁and ▁Lord ▁Cher well ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 4 ▁and ▁coinc ided ▁with ▁the ▁Admir alty ' s ▁interest ▁in ▁developing ▁a ▁hom ing ▁bomb ▁for ▁use ▁against ▁the ▁Japanese . ▁The ▁development ▁of ▁this ▁weapon ▁was ▁supported ▁by ▁the ▁Air ▁Staff ▁and ▁M AP ▁who ▁allocated ▁it ▁a ▁higher ▁priority ▁that ▁any ▁other ▁anti - cap ital ▁ship ▁weapon . ▁When ▁the ▁war ▁ended , ▁development ▁of ▁the ▁' Ch er well - J ef fer is ' ▁bomb ▁was ▁continued ▁under ▁the ▁code ▁names ▁J our ney ' s ▁End ▁and ▁Blue ▁Bo ar . ▁ ▁Prime ▁Minister ▁Church ill ▁became ▁acquaint ed ▁with ▁then ▁J ef fer is ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 ▁and ▁regarded ▁him ▁as ▁a ▁" sing ular ly ▁capable ▁and ▁force ful ▁man ." ▁He ▁recommended ▁a ▁promotion ▁to ▁lieutenant ▁colon el ▁so ▁that ▁J ef fer is ▁would ▁have ▁more ▁authority . ▁J ef fer is ▁received ▁substant ive ▁promotion ▁to ▁this ▁rank ▁on ▁ 1 0 ▁February ▁ 1 9 4 4 . ▁ ▁J ef fer is ▁was ▁promoted ▁to ▁Knight ▁Commander ▁of ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Empire ▁( K BE ) ▁by ▁Church ill ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 4 5 ▁Prime ▁Minister ' s ▁Res ignation |
▁Hon ours , ▁having ▁previously ▁been ▁appointed ▁a ▁Commander ▁of ▁the ▁Order ▁( C BE ). ▁He ▁was ▁promoted ▁to ▁acting ▁major ▁general ▁on ▁ 1 5 ▁May ▁ 1 9 4 5 , ▁and ▁substant ive ▁colon el ▁on ▁ 1 4 ▁July ▁ 1 9 4 5 . ▁He ▁left ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Supp ly ▁on ▁ 2 0 ▁November ▁ 1 9 4 5 , ▁rever ting ▁to ▁the ▁temporary ▁rank ▁of ▁brig ad ier . ▁ ▁Later ▁career ▁In ▁ 1 9 4 5 , ▁J ef fer is ▁became ▁deput y ▁Engine er - in - Ch ief ▁in ▁India ▁and ▁ 1 9 4 7 ▁he ▁became ▁Engine er - in - Ch ief ▁in ▁Pakistan , ▁holding ▁the ▁temporary ▁rank ▁of ▁major ▁general . ▁He ▁was ▁promoted ▁to ▁substant ive ▁brig ad ier ▁on ▁ 1 ▁November ▁ 1 9 4 7 , ▁and ▁returned ▁to ▁England ▁on ▁ 2 ▁January ▁ 1 9 5 0 ▁to ▁become ▁Chief ▁Super int endent ▁of ▁the ▁Military ▁Engineering ▁Ex perimental ▁Est ab lish ment , ▁rever ting ▁to ▁the ▁rank ▁of ▁brig ad ier ▁on ▁ 8 ▁March ▁ 1 9 5 0 . ▁He ▁was ▁made ▁AD C ▁to ▁the ▁King ▁on ▁ 2 4 ▁May ▁ 1 9 5 1 ▁and ▁held ▁that ▁appointment ▁until ▁he ▁retired ▁on ▁ 1 8 ▁August ▁ 1 9 5 3 , ▁on ▁his ▁ret irement ▁he ▁was ▁granted ▁the ▁honor ary ▁rank ▁of ▁major - general . ▁As ▁an |
▁AD C , ▁J ef fer is ▁took ▁part ▁in ▁King ▁George ▁VI ' s ▁fun eral , ▁and ▁Queen ▁Elizabeth ▁II ' s ▁Cor on ation ▁Process ion ▁He ▁died ▁on ▁ 5 ▁September ▁ 1 9 6 3 . ▁ ▁Ocean ▁racing ▁ ▁J ef fer is ▁had ▁a ▁passion ▁for ▁ocean ▁racing . ▁In ▁ 1 9 3 8 , ▁he ▁built ▁a ▁ 7 - ton ▁y acht ▁at ▁Ald ers hot ▁called ▁P rel ude ▁with ▁another ▁Royal ▁Engine er ▁officer ▁and ▁they ▁sa iled ▁successfully ▁both ▁before ▁and ▁after ▁the ▁war . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 9 9 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 6 3 ▁death s ▁Category : B rit ish ▁Army ▁gener als ▁Category : B rit ish ▁Indian ▁Army ▁officers ▁Category : B rit ish ▁Army ▁personnel ▁of ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁Category : Gr adu ates ▁of ▁the ▁Royal ▁Military ▁Academy , ▁W ool wich ▁Category : K n ights ▁Commander ▁of ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Empire ▁Category : Pe ople ▁educated ▁at ▁Ton bridge ▁School ▁Category : C orn ish ▁people ▁Category : Re cip ients ▁of ▁the ▁Military ▁Cross ▁Category : Re cip ients ▁of ▁the ▁War ▁Cross ▁with ▁S word ▁( N or way ) ▁Category : Ro yal ▁Engine ers ▁officers ▁Category : We ap on ▁design ers <0x0A> </s> ▁Francis ▁Br ink ley ▁( 3 0 ▁December ▁ 1 8 4 1 ▁– ▁ 1 2 ▁October ▁ |
1 9 1 2 ) ▁was ▁an ▁Ang lo - I r ish ▁newspaper ▁owner , ▁editor ▁and ▁scholar ▁who ▁res ided ▁in ▁Me iji ▁period ▁Japan ▁for ▁over ▁ 4 0 ▁years , ▁where ▁he ▁was ▁the ▁author ▁of ▁numerous ▁books ▁on ▁Japanese ▁culture , ▁art ▁and ▁architecture ▁and ▁an ▁English - J apan ese ▁Dictionary . ▁He ▁was ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁Frank ▁Br ink ley ▁or ▁as ▁Captain ▁Francis ▁Br ink ley ▁and ▁was ▁the ▁great ▁uncle ▁of ▁Cy ril ▁Con n olly . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁In ▁ 1 8 4 1 , ▁Frank ▁Br ink ley ▁was ▁born ▁at ▁Par son st own ▁House , ▁Co . ▁Me ath , ▁the ▁th ir teenth ▁and ▁young est ▁child ▁of ▁Matthew ▁Br ink ley ▁( 1 7 9 7 – 1 8 5 5 ) ▁J . P ., ▁of ▁Par son st own ▁and ▁his ▁wife ▁Har ri et ▁Gra ves ▁( 1 8 0 0 – 1 8 5 5 ). ▁His ▁pat ernal ▁grand father , ▁John ▁Br ink ley , ▁was ▁the ▁last ▁Bishop ▁of ▁C loy ne ▁and ▁the ▁first ▁Royal ▁Astronom er ▁of ▁Ireland , ▁while ▁his ▁mat ernal ▁grand father , ▁Richard ▁Gra ves , ▁was ▁also ▁a ▁Senior ▁Fellow ▁of ▁Tr inity ▁College ▁and ▁the ▁Dean ▁of ▁Ar d agh . ▁One ▁of ▁Br ink ley ' s ▁sister s , ▁Jane ▁( Br ink ley ) ▁Vern on ▁of ▁Cl ont arf ▁Castle , ▁was ▁the ▁grand m other ▁of ▁Cy |
ril ▁Con n olly . ▁Another ▁sister , ▁Anna , ▁became ▁the ▁Dow ager ▁Count ess ▁of ▁King ston ▁after ▁the ▁death ▁of ▁her ▁first ▁husband , ▁James ▁King , ▁ 5 th ▁Earl ▁of ▁King ston ▁and ▁was ▁the ▁last ▁person ▁to ▁live ▁at ▁Mitch el st own ▁Castle . ▁Through ▁his ▁mother ' s ▁family ▁Br ink ley ▁was ▁related ▁to ▁Richard ▁Francis ▁Bur ton , ▁a ▁distinguished ▁lingu ist ▁who ▁shared ▁Br ink ley ' s ▁passion ▁for ▁foreign ▁culture . ▁ ▁Br ink ley ▁went ▁to ▁Royal ▁School ▁D ung annon ▁before ▁entering ▁Tr inity ▁College , ▁where ▁he ▁received ▁the ▁highest ▁records ▁in ▁mathematics ▁and ▁class ics . ▁After ▁gradu ating ▁he ▁chose ▁upon ▁a ▁military ▁career ▁and ▁was ▁subsequently ▁accepted ▁at ▁the ▁Royal ▁Military ▁Academy , ▁W ool wich , ▁becoming ▁an ▁art illery ▁officer . ▁In ▁this ▁capacity ▁his ▁cousin , ▁Sir ▁Richard ▁Gra ves ▁Mac D onn ell ▁the ▁ 6 th ▁Governor ▁of ▁Hong ▁Kong ▁( 1 8 6 6 – 1 8 7 2 ), ▁invited ▁him ▁out ▁to ▁the ▁east ▁to ▁serve ▁as ▁his ▁A ide - de - camp ▁and ▁Ad j ut ant . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 6 6 , ▁on ▁his ▁way ▁to ▁Hong ▁Kong , ▁Br ink ley ▁visited ▁Nag as aki ▁and ▁witness ed ▁a ▁du el ▁between ▁two ▁sam ur ai ▁war riors . ▁Once ▁the ▁vict or ▁had ▁s lain ▁his ▁oppon ent ▁he ▁immediately ▁covered ▁him ▁in ▁his ▁ha ori ▁and ▁" |
kn elt ▁down ▁with ▁hands ▁cl asp ed ▁in ▁prayer ". ▁It ▁is ▁said ▁that ▁Br ink ley ▁was ▁so ▁im pressed ▁by ▁the ▁conduct ▁of ▁the ▁Japanese ▁war rior ▁that ▁this ▁ent iced ▁him ▁to ▁live ▁in ▁Japan ▁perman ently . ▁ ▁Life ▁in ▁Japan ▁In ▁ 1 8 6 7 ▁Captain ▁Br ink ley ▁returned ▁to ▁Japan , ▁never ▁again ▁to ▁return ▁home . ▁Att ached ▁to ▁the ▁British - J apan ese ▁Leg ation , ▁and ▁still ▁an ▁officer ▁in ▁the ▁Royal ▁Art illery , ▁he ▁was ▁assistant ▁military ▁att ache ▁to ▁the ▁Japanese ▁Emb ass y . ▁He ▁res igned ▁his ▁commission ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 1 ▁to ▁take ▁up ▁the ▁post ▁of ▁foreign ▁ad visor ▁to ▁the ▁new ▁Me iji ▁government , ▁and ▁taught ▁art illery ▁techniques ▁to ▁the ▁new ▁Imperial ▁Japanese ▁Navy ▁at ▁the ▁Naval ▁G unn ery ▁School . ▁He ▁master ed ▁the ▁Japanese ▁language ▁soon ▁after ▁his ▁arrival , ▁and ▁both ▁spoke ▁and ▁wrote ▁it ▁well . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 7 8 ▁he ▁was ▁invited ▁to ▁teach ▁mathematics ▁at ▁the ▁Imperial ▁College ▁of ▁Engineering , ▁which ▁later ▁became ▁part ▁of ▁Tokyo ▁Imperial ▁University , ▁remaining ▁in ▁this ▁post ▁for ▁two ▁and ▁a ▁half ▁years . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁same ▁year ▁he ▁married ▁Y as uk o ▁Tan aka , ▁a ▁daughter ▁of ▁a ▁former ▁sam ur ai ▁from ▁the ▁M ito ▁cl an . ▁Inter ra cial ▁mar ri ages ▁could ▁be ▁registered ▁under ▁Japanese ▁law ▁from ▁ 1 8 7 3 |
. ▁Br ink ley ▁sought ▁but ▁was ▁refused ▁permission ▁by ▁the ▁British ▁Leg ation ▁to ▁register ▁his ▁marriage ▁in ▁order ▁that ▁his ▁wife ▁would ▁have ▁und is put ed ▁claim ▁to ▁British ▁national ity ▁( she ▁for fe ited ▁her ▁Japanese ▁national ity ▁by ▁marry ing ▁him ). ▁He ▁fought ▁this ▁ref us al ▁and ▁eventually ▁succeeded ▁by ▁appe aling ▁to ▁the ▁British ▁jud ici ary , ▁with ▁the ▁help ▁of ▁some ▁influ ential ▁friends . ▁They ▁were ▁the ▁parents ▁of ▁two ▁daughters ▁and ▁a ▁son ▁named ▁Jack ▁Ron ald ▁Br ink ley ▁( 1 8 8 7 – 1 9 6 4 ). ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 8 1 ▁until ▁his ▁death ▁he ▁owned ▁and ▁edited ▁the ▁Japan ▁Mail ▁newspaper ▁( l ater ▁merged ▁with ▁the ▁Japan ▁Times ), ▁receiving ▁financial ▁support ▁from ▁the ▁Japanese ▁government ▁and ▁consequ ently ▁maintain ing ▁a ▁pro - J apan ese ▁st ance . ▁The ▁newspaper ▁was ▁perhaps ▁the ▁most ▁influ ential ▁and ▁widely ▁read ▁English ▁language ▁newspaper ▁in ▁the ▁far ▁East . ▁ ▁After ▁the ▁First ▁S ino - J apan ese ▁War ▁Br ink ley ▁became ▁the ▁Tokyo - based ▁correspond ent ▁for ▁The ▁Times ▁of ▁London , ▁and ▁gained ▁fame ▁for ▁his ▁dispatch es ▁during ▁the ▁Rus so - J apan ese ▁War ▁of ▁ 1 9 0 4 – 1 9 0 5 . ▁He ▁was ▁awarded ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁the ▁Sac red ▁Tre asure ▁by ▁Emperor ▁Me iji ▁for ▁his ▁contributions ▁to ▁better ▁Ang lo - J apan ese ▁relations |
. ▁He ▁was ▁also ▁an ▁advis er ▁to ▁the ▁N ipp on ▁Y us en ▁Ka ish a , ▁Japan ' s ▁largest ▁sh ipping ▁line . ▁F . A . ▁Mac K en zie , ▁a ▁prominent ▁English ▁journalist , ▁wrote : ▁ ▁Captain ▁Br ink ley ' s ▁great ▁knowledge ▁of ▁Japanese ▁life ▁and ▁language ▁is ▁admitted ▁and ▁adm ired ▁by ▁all . ▁His ▁independence ▁of ▁judgment ▁is , ▁however , ▁weak ened ▁by ▁his ▁close ▁official ▁connection ▁with ▁the ▁Japanese ▁Government ▁and ▁by ▁his ▁personal ▁interest ▁in ▁Japanese ▁industry . ▁His ▁journal ▁is ▁regarded ▁generally ▁as ▁a ▁government ▁mouth - pie ce , ▁and ▁he ▁has ▁succeeded ▁in ▁making ▁himself ▁a ▁more ▁vig orous ▁advoc ate ▁of ▁the ▁Japanese ▁claims ▁than ▁even ▁the ▁Japanese ▁themselves . ▁It ▁can ▁safely ▁be ▁forec asted ▁that ▁whenever ▁a ▁dispute ▁ar ises ▁between ▁Japanese ▁and ▁British ▁interests , ▁Captain ▁Br ink ley ▁and ▁his ▁journal ▁will ▁play ▁the ▁part , ▁through ▁thick ▁and ▁thin , ▁of ▁def enders ▁of ▁the ▁Japanese . ▁ ▁Br ink ley ' s ▁last ▁dispatch ▁to ▁The ▁Times ▁was ▁written ▁from ▁his ▁death bed ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 2 , ▁reporting ▁on ▁a ▁se pp u ku : ▁Emperor ▁Me iji ▁had ▁recently ▁died ▁and ▁to ▁show ▁fe alty ▁to ▁the ▁dece ased ▁em peror , ▁General ▁N og i ▁Mar es u ke ▁together ▁with ▁his ▁wife ▁committed ▁h ara - ki ri . ▁ ▁Private ▁life ▁Frank ▁Br ink ley ▁had ▁many ▁h obb ies ▁which |
▁included ▁garden ing , ▁collect ing ▁Japanese ▁art ▁and ▁pot tery , ▁cr icket , ▁tennis , ▁horse ▁r iding ▁and ▁hunting . ▁Part ▁of ▁his ▁significant ▁collection ▁of ▁art ▁and ▁pot tery ▁was ▁don ated ▁to ▁various ▁museum s ▁around ▁the ▁world , ▁but ▁the ▁most ▁part ▁was ▁reduced ▁to ▁rub ble ▁and ▁ash ▁after ▁the ▁Great ▁Tokyo ▁earth qu ake ▁and ▁World ▁War ▁II . ▁ ▁He ▁wrote ▁books ▁for ▁English ▁beg inners ▁interested ▁in ▁the ▁Japanese ▁language , ▁and ▁his ▁grammar ▁books ▁and ▁English - J apan ese ▁Dictionary ▁( comp iled ▁with ▁F um io ▁Nan jo ▁and ▁Y uk ich ika ▁I was aki ) ▁were ▁regarded ▁as ▁the ▁definit ive ▁books ▁on ▁the ▁subject ▁for ▁those ▁studying ▁English ▁in ▁the ▁latter ▁half ▁of ▁the ▁Me iji ▁period . ▁ ▁He ▁wrote ▁much ▁on ▁Japanese ▁history ▁and ▁Japanese ▁art . ▁His ▁book ▁A ▁History ▁of ▁the ▁Japanese ▁People , ▁which ▁was ▁published ▁after ▁his ▁death ▁by ▁The ▁Times ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 5 , ▁covered ▁Japanese ▁history , ▁fine ▁arts ▁and ▁literature ▁from ▁the ▁orig ins ▁of ▁the ▁Japanese ▁race ▁up ▁until ▁the ▁latter ▁half ▁of ▁the ▁Me iji ▁period . ▁ ▁Death ▁In ▁ 1 9 1 2 , ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 7 1 ▁and ▁one ▁month ▁after ▁General ▁N og i ' s ▁death , ▁Francis ▁Br ink ley ▁died . ▁At ▁his ▁fun eral , ▁the ▁m ourn ers ▁included ▁the ▁Spe aker ▁of ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Pe ers , ▁Tok ug |
awa ▁I es ato , ▁the ▁Minister ▁of ▁the ▁Navy ▁S ait ō ▁Mak oto , ▁and ▁the ▁Foreign ▁Minister ▁U ch ida ▁Kos ai . ▁He ▁is ▁buried ▁in ▁the ▁foreign ▁section ▁of ▁the ▁A oy ama ▁Re ien ▁c emetery ▁in ▁central ▁Tokyo . ▁ ▁After ▁his ▁death ▁Ernest ▁Sat ow ▁wrote ▁of ▁Br ink ley ▁to ▁Frederick ▁Victor ▁Dick ins ▁on ▁ 2 1 ▁November ▁ 1 9 1 2 : ▁" I ▁have ▁not ▁seen ▁any ▁full er ▁mem oir ▁of ▁Br ink ley ▁than ▁what ▁appeared ▁in ▁" The ▁Times ". ▁As ▁you ▁perhaps ▁know ▁I ▁did ▁not ▁trust ▁him . ▁Who ▁wrote ▁" The ▁Times " ▁notice ▁I ▁cannot ▁imagine . ▁As ▁you ▁say , ▁it ▁was ▁the ▁work ▁of ▁an ▁ignor ant ▁person ." ▁ ▁On ▁his ▁death ▁bed ▁Frank ▁Br ink ley ▁had ▁told ▁his ▁son , ▁Jack , ▁of ▁an ▁episode ▁that ▁occurred ▁during ▁the ▁Rus so - J apan ese ▁War . ▁After ▁the ▁Japanese ▁had ▁defeated ▁the ▁Rus si ans ▁at ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁M uk den , ▁the ▁Chief ▁of ▁the ▁General ▁Staff , ▁K od ama ▁Gent ar ō , ▁r ushed ▁home ▁in ▁secret ▁to ▁ur ge ▁the ▁Japanese ▁Government ▁to ▁conclude ▁a ▁treat y ▁with ▁Russia . ▁At ▁the ▁time ▁it ▁was ▁a ▁h ug ely ▁consequ ential ▁secret ▁and ▁yet ▁he ▁conf ided ▁this ▁national ▁secret ▁to ▁Br ink ley , ▁the ▁foreign ▁correspond ent ▁of ▁The ▁Times , ▁demonstr ating ▁the ▁ut most ▁confidence ▁in ▁which |
▁the ▁Chief ▁of ▁the ▁General ▁Staff ▁held ▁Br ink ley . ▁ ▁Publications ▁Br ink ley ' s ▁published ▁works ▁include : ▁▁▁ ▁Japan ▁and ▁China ▁subt itled ▁Their ▁History ▁Arts ▁and ▁Liter ature ▁( 1 9 0 1 ) ▁J . ▁B . ▁Mil let ▁Company , ▁Boston ▁and ▁Tokyo . ▁Tw elve ▁volumes : ▁E ight ▁on ▁Japan , ▁four ▁on ▁China . ▁Ear liest ▁print ▁runs ▁by ▁publish er ▁are ▁the ▁Mar quis ▁I to ▁edition ▁( 1 6 0 ▁number ed ▁registered ▁sets ) ▁and ▁Art ists ▁Edition ▁( 5 0 0 ▁number ed ▁registered ▁sets ). ▁ ▁A ▁History ▁of ▁the ▁Japanese ▁people ( 1 9 1 5 ) ▁ ▁Un ab rid ged ▁Japanese - English ▁Dictionary ' ▁ ▁various ▁articles ▁on ▁Japan ▁in ▁en cyc loped ias . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Jin z ō ▁M ats um ura ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Ho are , ▁James ▁E . ▁( 1 9 9 9 ). ▁" Capt ain ▁Francis ▁Br ink ley ▁( 1 8 4 1 – 1 9 1 2 ): ▁Y ato i , ▁Sch olar ▁and ▁Ap ologist " ▁in ▁ ▁Britain ▁& ▁Japan : ▁Bi ographical ▁Port ra its , '' ▁Vol . ▁III ▁( ed ited ▁by ▁James ▁E . ▁Ho are ). ▁London , ▁Japan ▁Library , ▁ 1 9 9 9 . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Francis ▁Br ink ley ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 8 4 1 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 1 2 ▁death s |
▁Category : 1 9 th - century ▁Irish ▁people ▁Category : Ang lo - I r ish ▁people ▁Category : B rit ish ▁Japan olog ists ▁Category : I r ish ▁Ang lic ans ▁Category : Foreign ▁advis ors ▁to ▁the ▁government ▁in ▁Me iji - period ▁Japan ▁Category : B rit ish ▁exp atri ates ▁in ▁Japan ▁Category : Foreign ▁educ ators ▁in ▁Japan ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Tokyo ▁fac ulty ▁Category : Liter ary ▁critics ▁of ▁English ▁Category : Re cip ients ▁of ▁the ▁Order ▁of ▁the ▁Sac red ▁Tre asure ▁Category : I r ish ▁journal ists ▁Category : H istor ians ▁of ▁Japan ▁Category : I r ish ▁em igr ants ▁to ▁Japan ▁Category : I r ish ▁lex ic ograph ers ▁Category : Pe ople ▁educated ▁at ▁the ▁Royal ▁School ▁D ung annon ▁Category : W ar ▁correspond ents ▁of ▁the ▁Rus so - J apan ese ▁War <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁teaching ▁philosophy ▁of ▁a ▁candidate ▁for ▁an ▁academic ▁position ▁is ▁a ▁written ▁statement ▁of ▁the ▁candidate ' s ▁general ▁personal ▁views ▁on ▁teaching . ▁ ▁Colleg es ▁and ▁univers ities ▁that ▁advert ise ▁a ▁position ▁whose ▁duties ▁require ▁teaching ▁often ▁require ▁the ▁applic ant ▁to ▁submit ▁a ▁teaching ▁philosophy ▁with ▁the ▁application . ▁ ▁The ▁philosophy ▁statement ▁often ▁attempts ▁to ▁express ▁what ▁methods ▁of ▁teaching ▁the ▁candidate ▁practices . ▁ ▁Category : Ph il osoph y ▁of ▁education ▁Category : T each ing ▁Category : E ducation ▁theory <0x0A> </s> ▁Get ge ▁S ara ▁( , |
▁also ▁Roman ized ▁as ▁Get ge ▁Sar ā ; ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁G at ges ar , ▁G at k ah ▁Sar ā i , ▁G at k as ar ā , ▁G at ka - S ar ay , ▁Got ag ▁Sar ā , ▁and ▁K ange h ▁Sar ā y ) ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁Kh ale h ▁S ara ▁R ural ▁District , ▁As alem ▁District , ▁T ales h ▁County , ▁Gil an ▁Province , ▁Iran . ▁At ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁census , ▁its ▁population ▁was ▁ 5 7 6 , ▁in ▁ 1 3 4 ▁families . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁T ales h ▁County <0x0A> </s> ▁Hor ace ▁H orton ▁( Oct ober ▁ 9 , ▁ 1 8 2 3 ▁– ▁February ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 1 9 0 2 ) ▁was ▁a ▁Canadian ▁ins urance ▁agent ▁and ▁political ▁figure . ▁He ▁represented ▁Hur on ▁Centre ▁in ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Commons ▁of ▁Canada ▁from ▁ 1 8 7 2 ▁to ▁ 1 8 7 8 ▁as ▁a ▁Liberal ▁member . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁St alis field , ▁Kent , ▁England , ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁Henry ▁H orton , ▁ ▁came ▁to ▁Upper ▁Canada ▁with ▁his ▁family ▁in ▁ 1 8 3 1 ▁and ▁was ▁educated ▁in ▁God er ich . ▁He ▁married ▁Hann ah , ▁the ▁daughter ▁of ▁Robert ▁Gib b ons . ▁He ▁was ▁mayor ▁of ▁God er ich ▁from ▁ 1 8 7 |
2 ▁to ▁ 1 8 7 4 . ▁H orton ▁res igned ▁in ▁October ▁ 1 8 7 8 ▁to ▁accept ▁a ▁post ▁in ▁the ▁office ▁of ▁the ▁Aud itor ▁General . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁The ▁Canadian ▁parliament ary ▁companion , ▁ 1 8 7 7 ▁CH ▁Mack int osh ▁▁ ▁Category : 1 8 2 3 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 1 2 ▁death s ▁Category : L iber al ▁Party ▁of ▁Canada ▁MP s ▁Category : M embers ▁of ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Commons ▁of ▁Canada ▁from ▁Ontario ▁Category : May ors ▁of ▁places ▁in ▁Ontario <0x0A> </s> ▁W SU X ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁▁ ▁W SU X ▁( AM ), ▁a ▁radio ▁station ▁( 1 2 8 0 ▁AM ) ▁lic ensed ▁to ▁serve ▁Se af ord , ▁Del aware , ▁United ▁States ▁ ▁W IC O - FM , ▁a ▁radio ▁station ▁( 1 0 1 . 1 ▁FM ) ▁lic ensed ▁to ▁serve ▁Snow ▁Hill , ▁Maryland , ▁United ▁States , ▁which ▁held ▁the ▁call ▁sign ▁W SU X - FM ▁from ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 7 <0x0A> </s> ▁Joy ▁as ▁an ▁Act ▁of ▁Res istance . ▁is ▁the ▁second ▁studio ▁album ▁by ▁English ▁band ▁Id les , ▁released ▁on ▁ 3 1 ▁August ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁by ▁Part isan ▁Records . ▁The ▁album ▁placed ▁at ▁number ▁ 5 ▁on ▁the ▁UK ▁Albums ▁Chart , ▁on ▁ 7 ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 8 . ▁ ▁Production ▁and |
▁composition ▁ ▁The ▁band ▁started ▁recording ▁the ▁album ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 7 . ▁S inger ▁Joseph ▁Tal bot ▁stated ▁" This ▁album ▁is ▁an ▁attempt ▁to ▁be ▁vulner able ▁to ▁our ▁audience ▁and ▁to ▁encou rage ▁vulner ability ; ▁a ▁brave ▁n aked ▁smile ▁in ▁this ▁sh itt y ▁new ▁world ." ▁▁ ▁According ▁to ▁Tal bot ▁" l ots ▁of ▁songs ▁got ▁scra pped ▁because ▁there ▁was ▁this ▁pressure , ▁which ▁we ▁were ▁carrying ▁but ▁not ▁talking ▁about . ▁We ▁were ▁trying ▁to ▁sust ain ▁the ▁success ▁of ▁' Br ut al ism ', ▁to ▁basically ▁re make ▁it . ▁So ▁we ▁kind ▁of ▁scra pped ▁all ▁the ▁songs ▁and ▁talked ▁about ▁why ▁we ▁wer en ' t ▁enjo ying ▁writing ▁it ." ▁ ▁The ▁album ▁was ▁produced ▁by ▁Space ▁and ▁mixed ▁by ▁Adam ▁Gre ens pan ▁and ▁Nick ▁La un ay . ▁The ▁album ' s ▁cover ▁art ▁features ▁a ▁photograph ▁of ▁a ▁fight ▁at ▁a ▁wed ding ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 8 ▁that ▁Tal bot ▁saw ▁on ▁Inst agram . ▁ ▁L yr ics ▁ ▁The ▁album ' s ▁lyr ics ▁deal ▁with ▁to xic ▁mascul inity , ▁love , ▁self - lo ve , ▁imm igration , ▁Bre x it , ▁and ▁class . ▁" J une " ▁de als ▁with ▁the ▁death ▁in ▁child b irth ▁of ▁his ▁daughter ▁Ag ath a . ▁It ▁also ▁includes ▁a ▁cover ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁Sol omon ▁Bur ke ▁hit ▁" C ry ▁To ▁Me ". ▁▁ ▁Bob ▁Bo |
ilen , ▁writing ▁for ▁N PR , ▁sat ▁down ▁with ▁singer ▁Joe ▁Tal bot ▁for ▁a ▁track ▁by ▁track ▁analysis ▁of ▁the ▁album ▁where ▁Tal bot ▁described ▁why ▁he ▁chose ▁to ▁write ▁about ▁his ▁trouble d ▁past , ▁the ▁in separ ability ▁of ▁the ▁human ▁portrait ▁and ▁political ▁song , ▁love , ▁the ▁death ▁of ▁his ▁still born ▁daughter ▁and ▁what ▁it ▁means ▁to ▁call ▁ones elf ▁a ▁parent , ▁to xic ▁mascul inity , ▁Bre x it , ▁his ▁hate ▁of ▁tab lo id ▁journal ism ▁and ▁more . ▁Bo ilen ▁stated ▁that ▁" The ▁stories ▁on ▁Joy ▁As ▁An ▁Act ▁Of ▁Res istance ▁are ▁taken ▁from ▁real ▁life : ▁a ▁hum ane ▁look ▁at ▁imm igration ▁through ▁singer ▁Joe ▁Tal bot ' s ▁friend ▁D anny ▁Ned el ko ; ▁the ▁" import ance ▁of ▁gr ieving ▁parents ' ▁right ▁to ▁call ▁themselves ▁moth ers ▁and ▁f athers "; ▁the ▁" hor rid ▁corners " ▁of ▁Joe ▁Tal bot ' s ▁past ▁all ▁the ▁while ▁celebr ating ▁human ▁fla ws ▁and ▁profess ing ▁love ▁with ▁a ▁deep ▁ur gency ." ▁And ▁that ▁" Jo y ▁As ▁An ▁Act ▁Of ▁Res istance ▁is ▁a ▁thought ful ▁attempt ▁at ▁lov ing ▁one ' s ▁self ▁while ▁also ▁understanding ▁the ▁importance ▁of ▁community ▁and ▁trust ." ▁ ▁Prom otion ▁and ▁release ▁ ▁Four ▁of ▁the ▁album ' s ▁tracks ▁were ▁made ▁available ▁for ▁download ▁prior ▁to ▁its ▁release : ▁" Col oss us ", ▁" D anny ▁Ned el ko " ▁( named ▁after |
▁Tal bot ' s ▁friend ▁of ▁the ▁same ▁name ▁and ▁singer ▁with ▁He avy ▁L ungs ), ▁" S amar it ans ", ▁and ▁" Gre at ". ▁ ▁To ▁promote ▁the ▁album , ▁the ▁band ▁announced ▁a ▁world ▁tour ▁taking ▁in ▁Japan , ▁North ▁America , ▁and ▁Europe . ▁The ▁day ▁before ▁the ▁album ' s ▁release , ▁an ▁art ▁exhibition ▁in ▁London ▁opened , ▁displaying ▁and ▁s elling ▁art works ▁inspired ▁by ▁the ▁album , ▁with ▁the ▁proceed s ▁going ▁to ▁the ▁char ity ▁Sam ar it ans . ▁An ▁interview ▁with ▁Tal bot ▁a ired ▁on ▁I TV ▁News ▁at ▁Ten , ▁discuss ing ▁the ▁album . ▁ ▁Com mer cial ▁performance ▁ ▁On ▁December ▁ 2 0 th ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁over ▁ 1 ▁year ▁after ▁its ▁release , ▁Joy ▁as ▁an ▁Act ▁of ▁Res istance ▁was ▁cert ified ▁Silver ▁by ▁the ▁B PI ▁for ▁s elling ▁ 6 0 , 0 0 0 ▁copies ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom . ▁ ▁Re ception ▁▁ ▁Jordan ▁Bass ett , ▁review ing ▁the ▁album ▁for ▁N ME , ▁awarded ▁the ▁album ▁five ▁stars , ▁calling ▁it ▁" an ▁instant ▁classic ". ▁Dave ▁Sim pson , ▁for ▁The ▁Guardian ▁gave ▁it ▁four ▁stars , ▁describing ▁it ▁as ▁" 1 1 ▁songs ▁of ▁focused , ▁c ath art ic ▁ra ge , ▁root ed ▁in ▁their ▁own ▁experiences ", ▁and ▁calling ▁Id les ▁" B rit ain ’ s ▁most ▁necessary ▁band ". ▁Mark ▁Be aum ont ▁of ▁The ▁Independent |
▁also ▁gave ▁it ▁four ▁stars . ▁Dom ▁G our lay , ▁for ▁D rown ed ▁in ▁Sound , ▁called ▁it ▁" one ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 8 ' s ▁most ▁eager ly ▁anticip ated ▁releases ", ▁award ing ▁it ▁a ▁score ▁of ▁ 9 ▁out ▁of ▁ 1 0 , ▁and ▁going ▁on ▁to ▁say ▁that ▁it ▁is ▁" every thing ▁anyone ▁could ▁have ▁wanted ▁or ▁expected ▁it ▁to ▁be : ▁Id les ▁have ▁released ▁the ▁most ▁relevant ▁and ▁at ▁times ▁gut ▁w rench ing ▁album ▁of ▁the ▁year ." ▁Classic ▁Rock ▁magazine ▁gave ▁it ▁the ▁same ▁score , ▁calling ▁it ▁" a ▁heart - bre aking ▁but ▁j ub il ant ▁expl oration ▁of ▁joy , ▁hon esty , ▁frag ility ▁and ▁expression ▁as ▁our ▁most ▁powerful ▁means ▁of ▁human ▁resistance ". ▁ ▁Ged ▁Bab ey , ▁writing ▁for ▁Lou der ▁Th an ▁War ▁called ▁it ▁" One ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁insp iring ▁albums ▁I ▁have ▁heard ▁for ▁a ▁long , ▁long ▁time . ▁Punk ▁Rock ▁rein vent ed ▁and ▁not ▁we aring ▁a ▁mask ▁of ▁mascul inity ▁or ▁y oke ▁of ▁tradition , ▁but ▁a ▁w icked ▁smile ▁and ▁its ▁broken ▁heart ▁exposed ▁but ▁still ▁be ating ▁in ▁its ▁ch est . ▁Punk ▁rock ▁which ▁instead ▁of ▁calling ▁for ▁An archy ▁and ▁saying ▁I ▁Don ’ t ▁Care ▁is ▁shout ing ▁UN ITY ! ▁and ▁LO VE ▁IS ▁ALL ." ▁J ake ▁Kennedy , ▁for ▁Record ▁Collect or , ▁gave ▁it ▁four ▁stars , ▁calling ▁it ▁" an ▁album ▁that |
▁man ages ▁to ▁combine ▁gr ief , ▁self - lo ath ing ▁and ▁a ▁real isation ▁that ▁life ’ s ▁better ▁played ▁honest , ▁with ▁a ▁fine - t un ed , ▁brut al ▁sound : ▁something ▁like ▁bent ▁sheet ▁metal ▁being ▁ham mer ed ▁straight ." ▁A va ▁Mu ir ▁from ▁Ex c laim ! ▁app la ud ed ▁the ▁album , ▁saying , ▁" ID LES ▁turn ▁tra uma ▁and ▁anger ▁into ▁aff irm ing ▁less ons ▁on ▁Joy ▁As ▁an ▁Act ▁of ▁Res istance , ▁craft ing ▁a ▁c ath art ic ▁master pie ce ▁that ▁we ars ▁its ▁heart ▁— ▁broken , ▁but ▁still ▁be ating ▁— ▁on ▁its ▁sle e ve ." ▁Ryan ▁Dre ver , ▁for ▁The ▁Sk in ny , ▁gave ▁it ▁three ▁stars , ▁stating ▁that ▁" many ▁of ▁these ▁songs ▁raise ▁some ▁serious ▁hell ", ▁but ▁viewed ▁the ▁tracks ▁as ▁too ▁similar . ▁Pop Mat ters ' ▁Paul ▁Car r ▁gave ▁it ▁ 9 / 1 0 , ▁comment ing ▁on ▁what ▁he ▁saw ▁as ▁" a ▁prof ound ▁sense ▁of ▁joy ▁on ▁the ▁album ". ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁review ▁for ▁All Music , ▁Li am ▁Martin ▁concluded ▁that ▁" Over all , ▁Joy ▁as ▁an ▁Act ▁of ▁Res istance ▁man ages ▁to ▁pl umb ▁new ▁depth s ▁for ▁Id les ▁— ▁that ▁they ' ve ▁achieved ▁another ▁record ▁in ▁such ▁a ▁short ▁space ▁of ▁time ▁is ▁ad mi rable , ▁let ▁alone ▁one ▁that ▁sh ines ▁head ▁and ▁shoulders ▁over ▁the ▁majority ▁of |
▁their ▁pe ers ▁— ▁and ▁it ▁certainly ▁u ph olds ▁their ▁status ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁U . K .' s ▁most ▁exc iting ▁new ▁acts ." ▁ ▁Acc ol ades ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁ ▁Person nel ▁ ▁Id les ▁Joe ▁Tal bot ▁– ▁lead ▁vocals ▁Mark ▁Bow en ▁– ▁guitar ▁Lee ▁K ier nan ▁– ▁guitar ▁Adam ▁Dev ons hire ▁– ▁bass ▁Jon ▁Be av is ▁– ▁drums ▁ ▁Production ▁Space ▁– ▁producer ▁ ▁Nick ▁La un ay ▁– ▁mixing ▁Adam ▁' At om ' ▁Gre ens pan ▁– ▁mixing ▁ ▁Ch arts ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 2 0 1 8 ▁albums ▁Category : Part isan ▁Records ▁albums ▁Category : Id les ▁( band ) ▁albums ▁Category : Al bum s ▁by ▁English ▁artists <0x0A> </s> ▁D ora ▁Hon ny will ▁( née ▁Ne ve , ▁ 1 7 ▁December ▁ 1 8 7 0 ▁– ▁ 1 8 ▁March ▁ 1 9 5 9 ) ▁was ▁a ▁British ▁arch er ▁who ▁competed ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 0 8 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁in ▁London . ▁ ▁She ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Ben enden . ▁ ▁Hon ny will ▁competed ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 0 8 ▁Games ▁in ▁the ▁only ▁arch ery ▁event ▁open ▁to ▁women , ▁the ▁double ▁National ▁round ▁competition . ▁She ▁took ▁fifth ▁place ▁in ▁the ▁event ▁with ▁ 5 8 7 ▁points . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁profile ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 8 7 0 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 5 9 ▁death s ▁Category : B rit |
ish ▁female ▁arch ers ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁arch ers ▁of ▁Great ▁Britain ▁Category : Arch ers ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 0 8 ▁Summer ▁Olympics <0x0A> </s> ▁TV 2 ▁is ▁a ▁Malays ian ▁free - to - air ▁television ▁channel ▁owned ▁and ▁operated ▁by ▁the ▁Radio ▁Television ▁Malays ia , ▁a ▁division ▁of ▁the ▁Malays ian ▁Government . ▁TV 2 ▁is ▁now ▁broadcast ing ▁ 2 4 ▁hours ▁a ▁day ▁since ▁ 3 ▁April ▁ 2 0 0 6 . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁R TM ▁TV 2 ▁began ▁operations ▁on ▁ 1 7 ▁November ▁ 1 9 6 9 , ▁when ▁Tele vis yen ▁Malays ia ▁( current ly ▁known ▁as ▁TV 1 ) ▁b if ur c ated ▁into ▁two ▁channels . ▁It ▁offers ▁local ▁and ▁international ▁entertain ment ▁programs , ▁films ▁and ▁dram as . ▁Some ▁elements ▁such ▁as ▁sex ▁and ▁violence ▁are ▁cens ored ▁or ▁edited ▁out ▁as ▁R TM ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁government ▁depart ments . ▁ ▁On ▁ 1 ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁TV 2 ▁has ▁started ▁its ▁HD TV ▁broadcast ing ▁in ▁conj unction ▁of ▁R TM ' s ▁ 7 3 rd ▁anni versary , ▁and ▁available ▁exclus ively ▁through ▁my Free view ▁D TT ▁service ▁on ▁channel ▁ 1 0 2 . ▁View ers ▁are ▁ad vised ▁to ▁turn ▁the ▁dec oder ▁on ▁stand by ▁mode ▁or ▁res can ▁to ▁receive ▁the ▁changes . ▁ ▁Before ▁August ▁ 2 0 0 4 , ▁TV 2 ▁used ▁to ▁be ▁R |
TM ' s ▁only ▁English ▁channel . ▁The ▁former ▁s log an ▁used ▁before ▁August ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁was ▁" The ▁Golden ▁Channel ". ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 4 , ▁R TM ▁saw ▁the ▁need ▁for ▁the ▁Mal ay - market ▁demand ▁and ▁in ▁December ▁ 1 9 9 4 , ▁TV 2 ▁began ▁broadcast ing ▁Mal ay ▁programming ▁bit ▁by ▁bit ▁when ▁" Ber ita ▁T eng ah ▁Mal am " ▁( M id night ▁News , ▁in ▁Mal ay ), ▁began ▁air ing ▁on ▁ 2 7 ▁December ▁ 1 9 9 4 ▁but ▁from ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁ 1 9 9 6 , ▁the ▁late ▁news ▁bullet in ▁moved ▁to ▁TV 1 , ▁leaving ▁only ▁news ▁in ▁English , ▁Mand arin ▁and ▁T amil ▁to ▁TV 2 . ▁However , ▁more ▁children ' s ▁programming ▁in ▁Mal ay ▁meant ▁for ▁week ends , ▁premier ed ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 6 , ▁followed ▁by ▁more ▁Mal ay ▁dram as ▁during ▁prim etime ▁( im medi ately ▁after ▁the ▁English ▁news ▁programme , ▁News ▁On ▁Two ), ▁in ▁September ▁ 1 9 9 6 , ▁thus ▁saw ▁the ▁return ▁of ▁Mal ay - language ▁programming ▁to ▁this ▁channel . ▁More ▁Mal ay ▁programming ▁were ▁introduced ▁even ▁further , ▁especially ▁for ▁drama , ▁children ' s ▁program mes ▁and ▁variety ▁until ▁R TM ▁rest ruct ured ▁all ▁the ▁R TM ▁television ▁stations ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁with ▁the ▁English ▁news ▁programme , ▁" News ▁On ▁ |
1 " ▁deb uted ▁on ▁TV 1 ▁in ▁September ▁that ▁year ▁and ▁all ▁kinds ▁of ▁local ▁programming ▁( d rama , ▁document aries , ▁current ▁affairs ▁and ▁Islam ic - related ) ▁in ▁Mand arin , ▁English ▁and ▁T amil , ▁moved ▁to ▁TV 1 ▁and ▁more ▁Mal ay ▁dram as , ▁variety ▁and ▁all ▁kinds ▁of ▁entertain ment ▁programming ▁moved ▁to ▁TV 2 , ▁but ▁the ▁news ▁in ▁Mand arin ▁and ▁T amil , ▁remained ▁on ▁TV 2 ▁and ▁shift ed ▁to ▁prim etime ▁sl ots . ▁The ▁rest ruct ure ▁was ▁only ▁short ▁lived ▁but ▁certain ▁programming ▁in ▁English ▁remained ▁on ▁TV 1 ▁until ▁ 2 0 0 7 . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 4 , ▁TV 2 ' s ▁s log an ▁was ▁changed ▁from ▁English ▁to ▁Mal ay , ▁which ▁resulted ▁in ▁a ▁new ▁s log an : ▁" Sal ur an ▁Famil i ▁And a ". ▁▁ ▁Since ▁ 3 ▁April ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁this ▁channel ▁began ▁to ▁broadcast ▁ 2 4 ▁hours ▁a ▁day , ▁offering ▁more ▁program mes ▁for ▁view ers ▁who ▁stay ▁up ▁late ▁to ▁watch ▁television . ▁Its ▁sister ▁channel , ▁TV 1 ▁followed ▁suit ▁more ▁than ▁ 6 ▁years ▁later ▁on ▁ 2 1 ▁August ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁ ▁On ▁ 1 ▁January ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁R TM ▁television ▁stations ▁were ▁once ▁again ▁rest ruct ured ▁by ▁D ato ' ▁A hm ad ▁Sh ab ery ▁Che ek ▁the ▁then ▁Information ▁Minister . |
▁TV 2 ▁got ▁a ▁new ▁s log an : ▁Dun ia ▁R ia ▁( me ans ▁Happy ▁World ▁in ▁Mal ay ). ▁ ▁TV ▁P end id ikan ▁program mes ▁were ▁a ired ▁on ▁Wed nes days ▁and ▁Th urs days ▁through ▁this ▁channel ▁while ▁TV 1 ▁a ired ▁TV ▁P end id ikan ▁on ▁Mond ays ▁and ▁T ues days ▁from ▁ 1 9 7 2 ▁to ▁ 1 9 8 7 , ▁From ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁to ▁ 1 9 9 9 , ▁all ▁TV ▁P end id ikan ▁program mes ▁were ▁a ired ▁only ▁on ▁TV 2 . ▁▁ ▁Until ▁ 1 9 9 1 , ▁TV 2 ▁only ▁broadcast ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁even ings , ▁particularly ▁at ▁ 4 : 5 0 pm ▁from ▁Mond ays ▁to ▁Th urs days ▁and ▁slightly ▁earlier ▁in ▁the ▁af tern o ons ▁at ▁ 1 : 5 0 pm ▁from ▁Frid ays ▁to ▁Sund ays . ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 2 , ▁a ▁morning ▁broadcast ▁was ▁introduced ▁from ▁Frid ays ▁to ▁Sund ays . ▁Later ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 , ▁TV 2 ▁is ▁the ▁last ▁channel ▁in ▁Malays ia ▁to ▁launch ▁day time ▁transm issions ▁by ▁opening ▁at ▁m idd ay ▁except ▁Friday ▁and ▁the ▁week ends , ▁where ▁they ▁startup ▁in ▁the ▁morning . ▁From ▁ 2 ▁September ▁ 2 0 0 2 , ▁they ▁opened ▁its ▁broadcast s ▁at ▁ 9 am ▁daily , ▁then ▁signed - on ▁at ▁ 6 am ▁daily ▁in ▁ |
2 0 0 5 ▁and ▁later ▁comm enced ▁ 2 4 - hour ▁transm issions ▁since ▁April ▁ 2 0 0 6 . ▁ ▁TV 1 , ▁TV 2 , ▁TV i ▁( now ▁as ▁TV ▁O KEY ) ▁and ▁the ▁radio ▁stations ▁under ▁Radio ▁Tele vis yen ▁Malays ia ▁broadcast s ▁from ▁their ▁headquarters ▁in ▁Ang k as ap uri , ▁K ual a ▁L ump ur . ▁ ▁TV 2 ▁is ▁also ▁available ▁on ▁Ast ro ▁channel ▁ 1 0 2 ▁( former ly ▁Channel ▁ 6 , ▁then ▁channel ▁ 2 ). ▁ ▁TV 2 ▁available ▁over ▁the ▁R TM i ▁test ▁D VB - T ▁transmission ▁over ▁ 6 5 8 m Hz ▁[ CH 4 4 ]; M Hz , ▁S ID ▁ 2 . ▁As ▁of ▁ 1 ▁January ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁it ▁is ▁also ▁available ▁over ▁a ▁test ▁D MB - T / H ▁transmission ▁on ▁Band ▁III . ▁TV 2 ▁is ▁also ▁available ▁in ▁neighbour ing ▁countries ▁such ▁as , ▁Singapore , ▁Br une i ▁Dar uss al am , ▁Southern ▁Th ailand ▁and ▁Indones ia , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁some ▁parts ▁of ▁Mind ana o ▁in ▁the ▁Philippines ▁via ▁terrest rial ▁sp illo ver ▁but ▁the ▁signal ▁is ▁mostly ▁we aker ▁or ▁stronger ▁and ▁on ▁Sing tel ▁TV . ▁TV 2 ▁is ▁the ▁only ▁free - to - air ▁channel ▁in ▁Malays ia ▁that ▁offers ▁T amil ▁and ▁H indi ▁programming ▁for ▁the ▁Indian ▁community ▁in ▁Malays ia . ▁A ▁daily |
▁news ▁bullet in ▁in ▁T amil , ▁Ber ita ▁T amil , ▁broadcast s ▁night ly ▁at ▁ 7 : 3 0 pm . ▁ ▁S log ans ▁▁ ▁Sal ur an ▁Dun ia ▁And a ▁( Your ▁World ▁Channel ) ▁( 1 9 6 9 ▁- ▁ 1 9 8 9 ) ▁ ▁Sal ur an ▁Em as ▁( The ▁Golden ▁Channel ) ▁( 1 9 9 0 ▁- ▁ 2 0 0 4 ) ▁ ▁Sal ur an ▁Famil i ▁And a ▁( Your ▁Family ▁Channel ) ▁( 1 ▁August ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁- ▁ 3 1 ▁December ▁ 2 0 0 8 ) ▁ ▁Dun ia ▁R ia ▁( A ▁Happy ▁World ) ▁( 1 ▁January ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁- ▁Pres ent ) ▁ ▁Crit ic ism ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁this ▁channel ▁has ▁been ▁critic ised ▁for ▁not ▁air ing ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁F 1 ▁events ▁( only ▁ 7 ▁out ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 7 ▁races ▁live , ▁the ▁rest ▁are ▁delayed ▁tele cast ). ▁Many ▁view ers ▁are ▁ups et ▁that ▁R TM ▁is ▁not ▁serious ▁about ▁the ▁coverage ▁and ▁feel ▁that ▁the ▁tele cast ▁rights ▁should ▁be ▁given ▁back ▁to ▁private ▁TV ▁stations . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁Malays ian ▁television ▁stations ▁ ▁Radio ▁Tele vis yen ▁Malays ia ▁ ▁TV 1 ▁ ▁TV ▁O key ▁ ▁R TM ▁HD ▁Sports ▁ ▁One ▁News ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : T ele vision ▁stations ▁in |
▁Malays ia ▁Category : T ele vision ▁channels ▁and ▁stations ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 9 <0x0A> </s> ▁This ▁is ▁a ▁list ▁of ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁Australian ▁Senate ▁from ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁to ▁ 1 9 9 6 . ▁Half ▁of ▁the ▁state ▁sen ators ▁had ▁been ▁elected ▁at ▁the ▁March ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁election ▁and ▁had ▁terms ▁due ▁to ▁finish ▁on ▁ 3 0 ▁June ▁ 1 9 9 6 ; ▁the ▁other ▁half ▁of ▁the ▁state ▁sen ators ▁were ▁elected ▁at ▁the ▁March ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁election ▁and ▁had ▁terms ▁due ▁to ▁finish ▁on ▁ 3 0 ▁June ▁ 1 9 9 9 . ▁The ▁territory ▁sen ators ▁were ▁elected ▁at ▁the ▁March ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁election ▁and ▁their ▁terms ▁ended ▁at ▁the ▁next ▁federal ▁election , ▁which ▁was ▁March ▁ 1 9 9 6 . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Australian ▁House ▁of ▁Representatives ▁Australian ▁elect oral ▁system ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : M embers ▁of ▁Australian ▁parliament s ▁by ▁term ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁Australian ▁polit icians ▁Category : Austral ian ▁Senate ▁lists <0x0A> </s> ▁G us - K hr ust al ny ▁( mas cul ine ), ▁G us - K hr ust al n aya ▁( f em in ine ), ▁or ▁G us - K hr ust al no ye ▁( ne uter ) ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁G us - K hr ust al ny ▁District , ▁a ▁district ▁of ▁Vladimir ▁O blast |
, ▁Russia ▁G us - K hr ust al ny ▁( town ), ▁a ▁town ▁in ▁Vladimir ▁O blast , ▁Russia ▁G us - K hr ust al ny ▁Urban ▁Ok rug , ▁the ▁municipal ▁formation ▁this ▁town ▁is ▁incorpor ated ▁as <0x0A> </s> ▁Franco ▁F anti ▁( 2 1 ▁March ▁ 1 9 2 4 ▁– ▁ 2 0 ▁September ▁ 2 0 0 7 ) ▁was ▁an ▁Italian ▁cycl ist . ▁He ▁competed ▁in ▁the ▁individual ▁and ▁team ▁road ▁race ▁events ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 4 8 ▁Summer ▁Olympics . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 2 4 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 0 7 ▁death s ▁Category : Ital ian ▁male ▁cycl ists ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁cycl ists ▁of ▁Italy ▁Category : Cy cl ists ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 4 8 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁Category : S ports people ▁from ▁Lomb ard y <0x0A> </s> ▁Events ▁in ▁the ▁year ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁in ▁E rit rea . ▁ ▁Inc umb ents ▁▁ ▁President : ▁Is ai as ▁A fe wer ki ▁ ▁Events ▁▁ 8 ▁to ▁ 9 ▁July ▁– ▁The ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁E rit rea – E th iop ia ▁sum mit ▁took ▁place ▁in ▁As m ara , ▁between ▁E rit re an ▁President ▁Is ai as ▁Af wer ki ▁and ▁Eth iop ian ▁Prime ▁Minister ▁Ab iy ▁Ah med ▁and ▁officials ▁from ▁the ▁two ▁countries . ▁ ▁Sports ▁▁ 9 ▁to ▁ 2 5 ▁February ▁– ▁E |
rit rea ▁participated ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁Winter ▁Olympics ▁in ▁P ye ong Ch ang , ▁South ▁Korea , ▁with ▁ 1 ▁compet itor ▁in ▁ 1 ▁sport ; ▁this ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁time ▁E rit rea ▁took ▁part ▁in ▁the ▁Winter ▁Olympics . ▁ ▁Death s ▁▁ 2 4 ▁May ▁– ▁T seh ay tu ▁Ber aki , ▁music ian , ▁poet ▁and ▁political ▁activ ist ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 3 9 ). ▁ ▁References ▁▁▁ ▁Category : 2 0 1 0 s ▁in ▁E rit rea ▁ ▁Category : Year s ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 1 st ▁century ▁in ▁E rit rea ▁ ▁E rit rea ▁ ▁E rit rea <0x0A> </s> ▁C ac oc um ▁is ▁a ▁municipality ▁and ▁town ▁in ▁the ▁Hol gu ín ▁Province ▁of ▁Cuba . ▁ ▁Over view ▁It ▁is ▁located ▁south ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁Hol gu ín ▁and ▁east ▁of ▁the ▁Frank ▁País ▁International ▁Airport ▁towards ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁Bay amo ▁on ▁the ▁Car re tera ▁Central ▁Highway . ▁The ▁area ▁includes ▁extremely ▁flat ▁ground ▁stretch ing ▁south ▁to ▁the ▁municipality ' s ▁boundaries ▁with ▁Gran ma ▁Province . ▁Its ▁territory ▁is ▁bounded ▁on ▁the ▁west ▁by ▁Las ▁T unas ▁Province , ▁and ▁on ▁the ▁east ▁with ▁the ▁B á gu anos ▁municipality , ▁its ▁nearest ▁neighbor . ▁ ▁Car re tera ▁Central ▁and ▁the ▁Central ▁Rail road ▁pass ▁near ▁the ▁C ac oc um ▁town site , ▁the ▁most ▁populated ▁settlement ▁of ▁this ▁municipality . ▁Two ▁local ▁sugar |
▁mill s , ▁called ▁Antonio ▁M ace o ▁and ▁Crist ino ▁Nar an jo ▁represent ▁C ac oc um ' s ▁main ▁economic ▁activity . ▁ ▁Dem ograph ics ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 4 , ▁the ▁municipality ▁of ▁C ac oc um ▁had ▁a ▁population ▁of ▁ 4 2 , 6 2 3 . ▁With ▁a ▁total ▁area ▁of ▁, ▁it ▁has ▁a ▁population ▁density ▁of ▁. ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁cities ▁in ▁Cuba ▁Municipal ities ▁of ▁Cuba ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Hol gu ín ▁Province <0x0A> </s> ▁Wa ▁( ▁, ▁also ▁w aa ▁or ▁w ah , ▁abbre vi ated ▁) ▁is ▁a ▁unit ▁of ▁length , ▁equal ▁to ▁two ▁metres ▁( 2 ▁m ) ▁or ▁four ▁s ok ▁( .) ▁Wa ▁as ▁a ▁verb ▁means ▁to ▁out st retch ▁( one ' s ) ▁arms ▁to ▁both ▁sides , ▁which ▁rel ates ▁to ▁the ▁f ath om ' s ▁distance ▁between ▁the ▁f ing ert ips ▁of ▁a ▁man ' s ▁out st retch ed ▁arms . ▁The ▁ 1 8 3 3 ▁S iam ese - American ▁Tre aty ▁of ▁Am ity ▁and ▁Com merce , ▁reads , ▁"[ The ] ▁S iam ese ▁f ath om ... be ing ▁computed ▁to ▁contain ▁ 7 8 ▁English ▁or ▁American ▁inches , ▁corresponding ▁to ▁ 9 6 ▁S iam ese ▁inches ." ▁The ▁length ▁then ▁would ▁have ▁been ▁equivalent ▁to ▁a ▁modern ▁ 1 . 9 8 1 ▁metres . ▁Since |
▁conversion ▁to ▁the ▁metric ▁system ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 3 , ▁the ▁length ▁as ▁derived ▁from ▁the ▁met re ▁is ▁precisely ▁two ▁metres , ▁but ▁the ▁unit ▁is ▁neither ▁part ▁of ▁nor ▁recognized ▁by ▁the ▁modern ▁International ▁metric ▁system ▁( SI ). ▁ ▁Wa ▁also ▁occurs ▁as ▁a ▁col lo qu ial ism ▁for ▁" square ▁wa " ▁( tar ang ▁wa ) ▁a ▁unit ▁of ▁area ▁abbre vi ated ▁ ▁or ▁. ) ▁ ▁As ▁with ▁many ▁terms ▁normally ▁written ▁in ▁the ▁Th ai ▁alphabet , ▁roman ization ▁of ▁Th ai ▁causes ▁sp elling ▁variants ▁such ▁as ▁w aa ▁and ▁w ah . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Th ai ▁units ▁of ▁measurement ▁Or ders ▁of ▁magnitude ▁( area ) ▁for ▁a ▁comparison ▁with ▁other ▁lengths ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Area ▁metric ▁conversion , ▁British ▁and ▁U . S ., ▁Japanese , ▁Chinese , ▁Th ai , ▁old ▁French , ▁others . ▁ ▁Category : Un its ▁of ▁length ▁Category : H uman - based ▁units ▁of ▁measurement ▁Category : Th ai ▁words ▁and ▁phr ases <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Union ▁of ▁German ▁Railway ▁Administr ations ▁() ▁or ▁V DE V ▁emer ged ▁in ▁ 1 8 4 7 ▁from ▁the ▁Association ▁of ▁Pr uss ian ▁Rail ways ▁( Ver band ▁der ▁pre uß ischen ▁Eisen bah nen ), ▁which ▁had ▁been ▁founded ▁on ▁ 1 0 ▁November ▁ 1 8 4 6 ▁by ▁the ▁ten ▁Pr uss ian ▁railway ▁administr ations ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁simplify ▁the ▁standard isation ▁of ▁resources , |
▁equipment ▁and ▁reg ulations ▁between ▁the ▁individual ▁administr ations . ▁ ▁From ▁ 1 9 3 2 ▁it ▁operated ▁under ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁Union ▁of ▁Central ▁European ▁Railway ▁Administr ations ▁( V ere in ▁Mit tele urop ä ischer ▁Eisen bahn ver walt ungen ) ▁or ▁V ME V . ▁ ▁Category : Def unct ▁railway ▁companies ▁of ▁Germany ▁Category : Transport ▁in ▁Pr uss ia <0x0A> </s> ▁Till ands ia ▁b if l ora ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁in ▁the ▁genus ▁Till ands ia . ▁This ▁species ▁is ▁native ▁to ▁Pan ama , ▁Nic ar agua , ▁Colombia , ▁Peru , ▁Boliv ia , ▁Costa ▁Rica , ▁Venezuela ▁and ▁E cuador . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁b if l ora ▁Category : Fl ora ▁of ▁South ▁America ▁Category : Fl ora ▁of ▁Central ▁America ▁Category : Pl ants ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 8 0 2 <0x0A> </s> ▁Jó zef ▁D ą brow ski ▁( J anu ary ▁ 2 7 , ▁ 1 8 4 2 ▁– ▁February ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 1 9 0 3 ) ▁was ▁a ▁Polish ▁Catholic ▁priest . ▁Always ▁the ▁champion ▁of ▁authority , ▁his ▁coun sel ▁was ▁ever ▁gentle ▁and ▁calm . ▁He ▁was ▁simple , ▁quiet , ▁and ▁ret iring , ▁and ▁entirely ▁devoted ▁to ▁the ▁promotion ▁of ▁God ' s ▁glory ▁and ▁the ▁w elf are ▁of ▁his ▁fellow men . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁and ▁ord ination ▁ ▁Born ▁at ▁Z olt ance , ▁Russian ▁Poland , ▁he ▁studied ▁at ▁the ▁G ymnasium ▁of |
▁Lub lin ▁and ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Wars aw . ▁During ▁the ▁Polish ▁January ▁U pr ising ▁of ▁ 1 8 6 3 ▁he ▁participated ▁in ▁many ▁engag ements , ▁and ▁in ▁ 1 8 6 4 ▁fled ▁to ▁Dresden ; ▁th ence ▁to ▁Luc erne ▁and ▁Ber ne ▁where ▁he ▁continued ▁his ▁studies ▁in ▁mathematics . ▁Go ing ▁to ▁Rome , ▁because ▁of ▁his ▁anti - Russ ian ▁political ▁activities , ▁he ▁came ▁under ▁the ▁direction ▁of ▁the ▁famous ▁Res urre ction ist , ▁Father ▁Peter ▁Sem enen ko , ▁and ▁was ▁ord ained ▁priest ▁in ▁Rome ▁on ▁ 1 ▁August ▁ 1 8 6 9 . ▁ ▁Past oral ▁work ▁in ▁America ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 7 0 ▁he ▁went ▁to ▁Wisconsin ▁in ▁America ▁to ▁do ▁past oral ▁work ▁among ▁Polish ▁Americans , ▁and ▁in ▁a ▁letter ▁dated ▁ 2 2 ▁Jan ., ▁from ▁St . ▁Francis ▁Sem inary ▁in ▁the ▁Mil w au kee ▁sub urb ▁of ▁St . ▁Francis , ▁Wisconsin , ▁to ▁Father ▁Sem enen ko ▁he ▁bet ray s ▁a ▁remarkable ▁grasp ▁of ▁the ▁dem oral ized ▁conditions ▁among ▁the ▁Pol es ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁of ▁whom ▁he ▁had ▁actually ▁seen ▁so ▁little . ▁ ▁SS . ▁Cy ril ▁and ▁Method ius ▁Sem inary ▁ ▁He ▁founded ▁the ▁SS . ▁Cy ril ▁and ▁Method ius ▁Sem inary ▁Sem inary ▁of ▁Sain ts ▁Cy ril ▁and ▁Method ius ▁in ▁Detroit ▁( 1 8 8 7 ), ▁ ▁becoming ▁its ▁first ▁re ctor . ▁ ▁School |
s ▁of ▁higher ▁education ▁ ▁He ▁ur ged ▁the ▁Res urre ction ists ▁to ▁come ▁to ▁Chicago ▁or ▁Mil w au kee ▁and ▁there ▁establish ▁schools ▁of ▁higher ▁education ▁wh ence ▁they ▁might ▁send ▁out ▁mission aries ▁to ▁the ▁scattered ▁Pol es . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 7 0 ▁he ▁was ▁appointed ▁past or ▁of ▁Pol onia , ▁Wisconsin , ▁where ▁for ▁five ▁years ▁he ▁fought ▁against ▁the ▁un fortun ate ▁conditions ▁existing ▁in ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁oldest ▁Polish ▁communities ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁ ▁E re ction ▁of ▁new ▁parish ▁buildings ▁ ▁Unable ▁to ▁close ▁the ▁dem oral izing ▁in ns ▁about ▁the ▁church ▁he ▁obtained ▁by ▁gift ▁from ▁an ▁Irish man ▁ 2 0 ▁acres ▁( 8 1 , 0 0 0 ▁m ² ) ▁of ▁land ▁for ▁the ▁ere ction ▁of ▁new ▁parish ▁buildings ▁and ▁abandoned ▁the ▁old ▁site . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 7 9 ▁the ▁rect ory ▁was ▁destroyed ▁by ▁fire ▁and ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 0 ▁fire ▁totally ▁destroyed ▁the ▁church ▁and ▁the ▁new ▁rect ory . ▁Und ism ay ed , ▁Father ▁D ab row ski ▁re built ▁all . ▁In ▁ 1 8 8 2 ▁failing ▁health ▁forced ▁him ▁to ▁res ign ▁and ▁leave ▁for ▁Detroit , ▁Michigan . ▁In ▁ 1 8 7 4 ▁he ▁introduced ▁into ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁the ▁Fel ician ▁Sister s ▁from ▁Krak ów , ▁whose ▁community ▁multip lied ▁its ▁branches ▁throughout ▁the ▁country , ▁wel coming ▁the ▁imm igr ants , ▁teaching ▁thousands ▁of ▁Polish |
▁children , ▁and ▁ ▁car ing ▁for ▁a ▁mult itude ▁of ▁Polish ▁or ph ans ▁and ▁working ▁girls . ▁ ▁Polish ▁sem inary ▁ ▁At ▁the ▁suggestion ▁of ▁Card inal ▁Led ó ch owski , ▁who ▁was ▁unable ▁to ▁meet ▁the ▁constant ▁appe als ▁of ▁American ▁b ish ops ▁for ▁Polish ▁pri ests ▁and ▁ecc les iast ical ▁students , ▁Father ▁Leopold ▁M oc zy g emb a , ▁a ▁Francis can ▁who ▁had ▁lab oured ▁in ▁America ▁and ▁was ▁then ▁pen it enti ary ▁of ▁St . ▁Peter ' s , ▁Rome , ▁went , ▁with ▁pap al ▁appro val , ▁to ▁America ▁and ▁collected ▁funds ▁($ 8 0 0 0 ) ▁for ▁a ▁Polish ▁sem inary . ▁ ▁Being ▁advanced ▁in ▁years ▁Father ▁M oc zy g emb a ▁felt ▁unable ▁to ▁pro sec ute ▁the ▁work ▁with ▁vig our , ▁and ▁entr usted ▁the ▁task ▁to ▁Father ▁D ab row ski . ▁The ▁latter ▁began ▁the ▁building ▁of ▁the ▁sem inary ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 4 , ▁and ▁on ▁ 2 4 ▁July ▁ 1 8 8 5 , ▁Bishop ▁Stephen ▁V . ▁Ryan ▁of ▁the ▁Roman ▁Catholic ▁Dioc ese ▁of ▁Buff alo ▁in ▁the ▁presence ▁of ▁Bishop ▁Borg ess ▁of ▁Detroit ▁bl essed ▁the ▁corner stone . ▁ ▁The ▁sem inary ▁was ▁opened ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 7 , ▁and ▁for ▁nin ete en ▁years ▁Father ▁D ab row ski ▁was ▁its ▁re ctor . ▁In ▁ 1 9 0 2 ▁it ▁was ▁en larg ed , |
▁and ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 9 ▁was ▁removed ▁to ▁Or ch ard ▁Lake , ▁Michigan . ▁ ▁Death ▁ ▁A ▁few ▁days ▁before ▁his ▁death ▁Father ▁D ab row ski ▁was ▁comp elled ▁to ▁exp el ▁from ▁the ▁sem inary ▁twenty - n ine ▁students ▁for ▁open ▁re bell ion . ▁On ▁ 9 ▁Feb ., ▁ 1 9 0 3 , ▁he ▁suffered ▁a ▁par al yt ic ▁stroke ▁and ▁died , ▁gr ieved ▁by ▁the ▁ing rat itude ▁of ▁those ▁whom ▁he ▁had ▁served ▁so ▁nob ly ▁and ▁so ▁long . ▁He ▁died ▁at ▁Detroit , ▁February ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 1 9 0 3 . ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 4 2 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 0 3 ▁death s ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Oak land ▁County , ▁Michigan ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Port age ▁County , ▁Wisconsin ▁Category : Pol ish ▁Roman ▁Catholic ▁pri ests ▁Category : Pol ish ▁em igr ants ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : 1 9 th - century ▁Roman ▁Catholic ▁pri ests <0x0A> </s> ▁Dr . ▁Robert ▁Dal ley - S car lett ▁( 1 6 ▁April ▁ 1 8 8 7 ▁– ▁ 3 1 ▁July ▁ 1 9 5 9 ) ▁was ▁an ▁Australian ▁organ ist , ▁cho irm aster , ▁composer ▁and ▁music ologist . ▁ ▁History ▁Dal ley - S car lett ▁was ▁born ▁Robert ▁Sc ar lett ▁in ▁Dar ling h urst , ▁New ▁South ▁Wales , ▁a ▁son ▁of ▁Robert |
▁Campbell ▁Sc ar lett ▁and ▁his ▁wife ▁Em ily ▁Florence ▁Sc ar lett , ▁n ée ▁Han cock . ▁The ▁name ▁" D al ley " ▁was ▁added ▁in ▁t ribute ▁to ▁his ▁god father , ▁William ▁B ede ▁Dal ley ▁and ▁hy phen ated ▁later . ▁He ▁was ▁educated ▁at ▁the ▁Super ior ▁Public ▁School , ▁G raft on ▁and ▁Sydney ▁Gram mar ▁School ▁and ▁studied ▁piano ▁under ▁S . ▁( S yd ney ) ▁Gordon ▁La vers ▁ ▁( c . ▁ 1 8 6 5 – 1 9 4 0 ) ▁and ▁organ ▁under ▁Arthur ▁J . ▁Mason , ▁organ ist ▁of ▁St ▁James ' ▁Church , ▁Sydney ▁ 1 8 9 8 – 1 9 0 7 , ▁City ▁Organ ist ▁ 1 9 0 1 – 1 9 0 7 , ▁and ▁music ▁correspond ent ▁for ▁The ▁Sydney ▁Mor ning ▁Her ald . ▁ ▁After ▁several ▁years ▁taking ▁occas ional ▁positions ▁as ▁church ▁organ ist , ▁he ▁was ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 2 ▁appointed ▁organ ist ▁and ▁ch oral ▁conduct or ▁to ▁Christ ▁Church ▁Ang lic an ▁C athedral , ▁G raft on . ▁ ▁He ▁married ▁Ger tr ude ▁Alice ▁Pe ir ▁( 1 8 8 6 – 1 9 7 0 ) ▁in ▁Sydney ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 9 ; ▁they ▁had ▁two ▁sons . ▁ ▁He ▁en list ed ▁with ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁A IF ▁on ▁ 5 ▁May ▁ 1 9 1 6 , ▁was ▁g ass ed ▁in ▁France , |
▁transferred ▁to ▁the ▁Pay ▁Corps , ▁London , ▁in ▁February ▁ 1 9 1 7 , ▁and ▁returned ▁to ▁Australia ▁where ▁he ▁was ▁honor ably ▁dis charg ed ▁in ▁December ▁ 1 9 1 7 . ▁While ▁in ▁London , ▁he ▁studied ▁church ▁music ▁under ▁Sir ▁J . ▁Frederick ▁Bridge ▁and ▁Sir ▁Richard ▁Terry . ▁ ▁On ▁his ▁return ▁to ▁Australia , ▁he ▁was ▁offered ▁the ▁post ▁of ▁organ ist ▁and ▁cho irm aster ▁of ▁St ▁Andrew ' s ▁Pres by ter ian ▁Church , ▁Br is b ane , ▁succeed ing ▁Victor ▁Gal way . ▁His ▁wife ▁refused ▁to ▁leave ▁Sydney ▁and ▁their ▁marriage ▁would ▁later ▁be ▁ann ul led . ▁ ▁He ▁mat ric ulated ▁in ▁Br is b ane ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 0 , ▁and ▁en rolled ▁as ▁an ▁external ▁student ▁with ▁the ▁E lder ▁Conserv ator ium , ▁University ▁of ▁Ad ela ide , ▁where ▁he ▁completed ▁his ▁Mus . ▁Bac . ▁degree ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 6 ▁and ▁Mus . ▁Doc . ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 4 , ▁the ▁first ▁Queensland ▁music ian ▁to ▁be ▁so ▁qualified . ▁ ▁Dal ley - S car lett ▁served ▁with ▁St . ▁Andrew ' s ▁Church ▁from ▁ 1 9 1 9 ▁to ▁ 1 9 3 2 . ▁He ▁also ▁conducted : ▁South ▁Br is b ane ▁City ▁Ch oir ▁ 1 9 2 0 – 1 9 2 5 . ▁The ▁University ▁of ▁Queensland ▁Musical ▁Society ▁ 1 9 2 0 – 1 9 3 |
0 ▁and ▁ 1 9 3 8 – 1 9 4 1 . ▁The ▁University ▁cho ir ▁gave ▁a ▁Bach ▁festival ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 0 . ▁The ▁Valley ▁Method ist ▁Church ▁cho ir ▁ 1 9 3 2 – 1 9 3 4 ▁All ▁Sain ts ' ▁Church ▁cho ir ▁ 1 9 3 4 – 1 9 4 1 ▁ ▁He ▁founded ▁and ▁conducted ▁the ▁Br is b ane ▁Hand el ▁Society ▁ 1 9 3 2 – 1 9 5 9 . ▁They ▁performed ▁at ▁Hand el ▁festiv als ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 3 ▁and ▁ 1 9 3 4 , ▁and ▁broadcast ▁all ▁his ▁or ator ios ▁between ▁ 1 9 3 4 ▁and ▁ 1 9 4 2 . ▁They ▁gave ▁annual ▁un ab rid ged , ▁histor ically ▁accurate , ▁performances ▁of ▁Mess iah ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 5 0 s . ▁ ▁He ▁gained ▁further ▁qual ifications ▁and ▁dist in ctions : ▁Lic enti ate ▁of ▁the ▁Associ ated ▁Bo ards , ▁ 1 9 2 2 ▁Lic enti ate ▁of ▁Music ▁( Austral ia ), ▁ 1 9 2 4 ▁Fellow ▁of ▁Tr inity ▁College , ▁London , ▁ 1 9 2 4 ▁He ▁was ▁a ▁found ing ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Music ▁Te ach ers ' ▁Association ▁of ▁Queensland , ▁and ▁its ▁president ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 5 . ▁He ▁was ▁an ▁active ▁member ▁of ▁Queensland ▁University ' s ▁Music ▁Ad vis ory ▁Board ▁ 1 9 2 4 – 1 |
9 3 7 . ▁He ▁was ▁a ▁founder ▁of ▁the ▁Queensland ▁Gu ild ▁of ▁Compos ers , ▁and ▁their ▁president ▁ 1 9 4 0 – 1 9 5 3 . ▁ ▁He ▁priv ately ▁taught ▁piano , ▁organ , ▁singing , ▁harm ony ▁and ▁composition ▁until ▁ 1 9 4 1 ; ▁his ▁pup ils ▁included ▁Hugh ▁Br andon ▁and ▁Herbert ▁C annon . ▁ ▁From ▁ 1 9 4 1 ▁to ▁ 1 9 5 5 ▁Dal ley - S car lett ▁was ▁employed ▁full ▁time ▁by ▁the ▁Australian ▁Broadcast ing ▁Commission ▁as ▁music ▁presentation ▁officer , ▁producing ▁many ▁broadcast s ▁himself ▁with ▁the ▁ABC ▁Br is b ane ▁Sing ers . ▁One ▁programme , ▁of ▁English ▁coron ation ▁music , ▁was ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 3 ▁broadcast ▁world - wide ▁by ▁the ▁British ▁Broadcast ing ▁Corporation . ▁Dal ley - S car lett ▁made ▁a ▁programme ▁of ▁record ings ▁to ▁celebr ate ▁Queen ▁Elizabeth ▁II ' s ▁coron ation , ▁collabor ating ▁with ▁his ▁Ad ela ide ▁counter part ▁Norman ▁Ch inner . ▁ ▁He ▁died ▁at ▁his ▁home ▁of ▁a ▁heart ▁attack ▁and ▁was ▁cre m ated . ▁ ▁Compos itions ▁Dal ley - S car lett ▁was ▁a ▁pro l ific ▁composer ; ▁many ▁of ▁his ▁ 3 0 0 ▁works ▁were ▁broadcast ▁or ▁performed ▁locally , ▁although ▁few ▁were ▁published . ▁ ▁Sch olar ship ▁Dal ley - S car lett ▁am ass ed ▁a ▁valuable ▁library ▁of ▁some ▁ 5 , 0 0 0 ▁items |
, ▁including ▁nearly ▁ 1 5 0 ▁pr ic eless ▁first ▁ed itions ▁of ▁George ▁Fr ider ic ▁Hand el ▁and ▁other ▁eigh teenth - century ▁compos ers , ▁which ▁he ▁used ▁to ▁inform ▁his ▁arrang ements , ▁now ▁held ▁by ▁the ▁Fish er ▁Library , ▁University ▁of ▁Sydney . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁a ▁pro l ific ▁writer ▁for ▁musical ▁journ als , ▁and ▁acted ▁as ▁music ▁critic ▁for ▁the ▁Australian ▁Musical ▁News ▁ 1 9 3 4 – 1 9 3 7 ▁and ▁the ▁Br is b ane ▁Cou rier ▁Mail ▁ 1 9 4 5 – 1 9 4 6 ▁and ▁ 1 9 5 2 – 1 9 5 9 , ▁but ▁his ▁most ▁last ing ▁literary ▁contributions ▁were ▁the ▁article ▁on ▁Australia ▁for ▁Gro ve ' s ▁Dictionary ▁( 5 th ▁edition ) ▁and ▁an ▁article ▁on ▁eigh teenth ▁century ▁performance ▁entitled ▁Hand el ' s ▁' Mess iah ': ▁How ▁Can ▁We ▁Real ise ▁the ▁Compos er ' s ▁Intent ions ? ▁ ▁Rec ogn ition ▁A ▁tri enn ial ▁scholar ship ▁dedicated ▁to ▁his ▁memory ▁was ▁inaugur ated ▁by ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Queensland . ▁ ▁Family ▁Dal ley - S car lett ▁married ▁Ger tr ude ▁Alice ▁Pe ir ▁( 1 8 8 6 – 1 9 7 0 ) ▁in ▁Sydney ▁on ▁ 8 ▁September ▁ 1 9 0 9 . ▁They ▁had ▁two ▁sons : ▁Gra h ame ▁Y or ke ▁Dal ley - S car lett ▁( born ▁ 8 ▁July ▁ 1 9 |
1 0 ) ▁married ▁Joy ce ▁Mel ville ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 9 ▁Hub ert ▁St . ▁Pierre ▁Bach ▁Sc ar lett ▁( born ▁ 2 9 ▁March ▁ 1 9 1 4 ) ▁was ▁appointed ▁Serge ant - at - Ar ms ▁of ▁the ▁Legisl ative ▁Council ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 4 . ▁They ▁separated ▁when ▁he ▁moved ▁to ▁Br is b ane ; ▁the ▁marriage ▁was ▁ann ul led ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 0 . ▁He ▁married ▁again ▁on ▁ 1 1 ▁March ▁ 1 9 3 0 , ▁to ▁singer ▁and ▁music ▁copy ist ▁Joy ce ▁Buck ham . ▁He ▁had ▁no ▁further ▁children . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : 1 8 8 7 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 5 9 ▁death s ▁Category : Austral ian ▁classical ▁compos ers ▁Category : Austral ian ▁organ ists ▁Category : M ale ▁organ ists ▁Category : Austral ian ▁conduct ors ▁( music ) ▁Category : Austral ian ▁ch oral ▁conduct ors ▁Category : Austral ian ▁music ▁educ ators ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁organ ists ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁conduct ors ▁( music ) ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁Australian ▁male ▁mus icians <0x0A> </s> ▁William ▁" Will ie " ▁Rol lo ▁Jr . ▁was ▁a ▁Scottish - born ▁South ▁African ▁academic . ▁ ▁History ▁He ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 2 ▁in ▁Glasgow ▁and ▁graduated ▁from ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Glasgow ▁with ▁an ▁MA ▁in ▁class ics ▁in ▁ |
1 9 1 5 . ▁After ▁the ▁war ▁he ▁completed ▁his ▁D L itt ▁in ▁lingu istics ▁at ▁Le iden ▁University . ▁His ▁th esis ▁was ▁on ▁the ▁Mar qu ina ▁dialect ▁of ▁the ▁Bas que ▁language . ▁He ▁imm igr ated ▁to ▁South ▁Africa ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 5 , ▁where ▁he ▁was ▁professor ▁of ▁class ics , ▁then ▁Head ▁of ▁the ▁Class ics ▁Department ▁and ▁Dean ▁of ▁the ▁Fac ulty ▁of ▁Arts ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Cape ▁Town ▁until ▁ 1 9 5 3 , ▁when ▁he ▁was ▁invited ▁to ▁take ▁up ▁the ▁post ▁of ▁inter im ▁principal ▁of ▁the ▁University ▁College ▁of ▁Rh odes ia ▁and ▁Ny as aland , ▁now ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Z imb ab we . ▁ ▁Rol lo ▁was ▁a ▁sk illed ▁lingu ist . ▁During ▁the ▁Second ▁World ▁War ▁he ▁taught ▁himself ▁Japanese ▁so ▁he ▁could ▁teach ▁the ▁rud iments ▁of ▁the ▁language ▁to ▁South ▁African ▁pil ots ▁who ▁were ▁going ▁to ▁fight ▁in ▁the ▁Far ▁East . ▁ ▁Death ▁He ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁in ▁Graham st own , ▁while ▁teaching ▁class ics ▁at ▁Rh odes ▁University . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Head s ▁of ▁univers ities ▁and ▁colleg es ▁in ▁Z imb ab we ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Cape ▁Town ▁academ ics ▁Category : Sc ott ish ▁classical ▁sch ol ars ▁Category : S outh ▁African ▁classical ▁sch ol ars ▁Category : 1 8 9 2 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 6 0 ▁death s ▁Category |
: B rit ish ▁em igr ants ▁to ▁Rh odes ia ▁Category : R h odes ian ▁em igr ants ▁to ▁South ▁Africa ▁Category : R h odes ▁University ▁academ ics ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Z imb ab we ▁fac ulty <0x0A> </s> ▁Dj urs ▁Sommer land ▁() ▁is ▁an ▁am usement ▁park ▁located ▁in ▁Dj urs land , ▁Den mark , ▁just ▁north ▁of ▁the ▁village ▁of ▁N im to fte , ▁ 2 3 ▁kilom eters ▁west ▁of ▁Gren aa , ▁and ▁ 3 6 ▁kilom eters ▁east ▁of ▁Rand ers . ▁ ▁The ▁park ▁opened ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 1 , ▁and ▁it ▁has ▁progress ively ▁expanded ▁every ▁year ▁since ▁then . ▁The ▁park ▁is , ▁as ▁suggested ▁in ▁the ▁name , ▁pre domin antly ▁open ▁in ▁the ▁summer , ▁with ▁the ▁recent ▁addition ▁of ▁special ▁Hall owe en ▁opening ▁days ▁in ▁October . ▁The ▁season ▁begins ▁around ▁May ▁and ▁last s ▁until ▁mid - Oct ober . ▁Dj urs ▁Sommer land ▁has ▁had ▁around ▁ 8 0 0 , 0 0 0 ▁annual ▁visitors ▁in ▁recent ▁years , ▁making ▁the ▁park ▁the ▁fifth ▁largest ▁tour ist ▁att raction ▁in ▁Den mark . ▁ ▁History ▁This ▁park ▁was ▁established ▁by ▁the ▁hotel ier ▁B ør ge ▁God sk ▁J ensen ▁and ▁music ▁agent ▁Ole ▁B . ▁N iel sen . ▁They ▁chose ▁the ▁popular ▁vac ation ▁spot ▁of ▁J yll and ▁as ▁location ▁for ▁the ▁park ▁( some ▁of ▁Den mark ' s ▁best ▁be aches ▁are ▁located |
▁nearby ). ▁The ▁park ▁has ▁grown ▁in ▁popular ity ▁over ▁the ▁years ▁and ▁has ▁added ▁many ▁r ides ▁since ▁opening . ▁The ▁park ▁is ▁now ▁operated ▁by ▁Ole ' s ▁sons ▁Hen rik ▁and ▁Michael . ▁ ▁A ▁new ▁att raction , ▁Pir aten , ▁was ▁opened ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁It ▁is ▁the ▁fast est ▁roll er ▁co aster ▁in ▁Den mark ▁( t ied ▁with ▁D rage K ong en ▁and ▁Ju vel en , ▁from ▁Dj urs ▁Sommer land ▁too ), ▁and ▁the ▁tall est ▁also . ▁Its ▁top ▁speed ▁is ▁ 9 0 km / h ▁and ▁maximum ▁height ▁above ▁ground ▁is ▁at ▁ 3 1 ▁meters . ▁Im medi ately ▁after ▁opening , ▁the ▁co aster ▁was ▁chosen ▁as ▁the ▁fifth ▁best ▁roll er ▁co aster ▁in ▁the ▁world . ▁ ▁The ▁current ▁CE O ▁of ▁the ▁park ▁is ▁Hen rik ▁B . ▁N iel sen . ▁ ▁The ▁park ▁The ▁park ▁is ▁divided ▁into ▁ 8 ▁areas ; ▁all ▁are ▁included ▁in ▁the ▁ad mission ▁price : ▁ ▁Sommer land ▁is ▁the ▁park ' s ▁original ▁area ▁that ▁opened ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 1 ; ▁over ▁the ▁years ▁many ▁of ▁its ▁r ides ▁have ▁been ▁removed ▁while ▁others ▁have ▁been ▁added . ▁The ▁main ▁attra ctions ▁are : ▁ Ø r nen ▁and ▁Colorado ▁River . ▁Bon deg år ds land ▁is ▁the ▁new ▁area ▁with ▁ 1 0 ▁new ▁r ides ▁them ed ▁after ▁life ▁at ▁a ▁farm . ▁The ▁r |
ides ▁are ▁for ▁the ▁whole ▁family ▁including ▁the ▁smallest ▁children . ▁Af rik aland ▁was ▁opened ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 3 . ▁Here , ▁the ▁int rep id ▁trav eller ▁can ▁vent ure ▁on ▁an ▁advent ur ous ▁journey ▁on ▁a ▁river ▁surrounded ▁by ▁a ▁j ung le ▁that ▁is ▁meant ▁to ▁res emble ▁Africa . ▁Western land ▁has ▁a ▁rep lica ▁of ▁an ▁old ▁Texas ▁Wild ▁West ▁town ▁where ▁cow bo ys ▁ro am ▁the ▁streets ; ▁there ▁is ▁also ▁a ▁play ▁area ▁where ▁k ids ▁can ▁play ▁Indians . ▁The ▁main ▁att raction ▁in ▁this ▁land ▁is ▁the ▁Rio ▁Grande ▁R aft ing . ▁Mex icol and ▁has ▁a ▁mini ature ▁golf ▁course . ▁The ▁main ▁att raction ▁is ▁the ▁double - launch ▁co aster ▁Ju vel en . ▁P irat land ▁opened ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁It ▁has ▁a ▁pir ate ▁theme ▁and ▁three ▁of ▁the ▁park ' s ▁most ▁exc iting ▁r ides : ▁Pir aten , ▁Sk atte ø en ▁and ▁The ▁Pir anha . ▁V and land ▁is ▁a ▁water ▁park ▁that ▁opened ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 6 ▁and ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁of ▁its ▁kind ▁in ▁Den mark ▁at ▁the ▁time . ▁Vik ing eland ▁ ▁Rol ler ▁co aster s ▁ ▁Water ▁r ides ▁Colorado ▁River ▁- ▁a ▁log ▁fl ume ▁ride ▁that ▁opened ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 , ▁located ▁in ▁Sommer land . ▁A ▁them ed ▁river ▁advent ure ▁on ▁a ▁ 3 7 0 ▁meter ▁long ▁course |
▁that ▁has ▁ 3 ▁dro ps ▁the ▁highest ▁of ▁which ▁is ▁ 1 1 ▁meters ▁tall . ▁Inter link . ▁P irat f is ken ▁- ▁a ▁log ▁fl ume ▁ride ▁that ▁opened ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁located ▁in ▁P irat land . ▁A ▁family - style ▁ride ▁that ▁is ▁ 1 5 0 ▁meters ▁long ▁and ▁ends ▁in ▁a ▁ 5 ▁meter ▁tall ▁drop . ▁ABC ▁R ides . ▁Rio ▁Grande ▁R aft ing ▁- ▁river ▁rap ids ▁ride ▁that ▁opened ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 8 , ▁located ▁in ▁Western land . ▁A ▁ 6 - pass enger ▁ra ft ▁that ▁travel s ▁a ▁ 5 0 0 ▁m ▁long ▁course ▁with ▁a ▁tunnel , ▁water ▁effects ▁and ▁an ▁Indian ▁village ▁on ▁the ▁way . ▁Inter link . ▁ ▁Family ▁r ides ▁And ed ammen ▁- ▁join ▁the ▁du ck ▁family ▁for ▁a ▁relax ing ▁tour ▁around ▁the ▁p ond . ▁Bon deg år d sk arr us ellen ▁- ▁join ▁all ▁the ▁animals ▁of ▁the ▁farm ▁in ▁this ▁mer ry - go - round . ▁Buff alo ▁B um per ▁C ars ▁- ▁b um per ▁cars ▁that ▁opened ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁in ▁Western land . ▁Bert az zon . ▁Den ▁V ilde ▁H ø n se j agt ▁- ▁ch ase ▁the ▁h ens ▁with ▁the ▁fo x ▁in ▁a ▁roll er ▁co aster . ▁Det ▁Gam le ▁V and t år n ▁- ▁a ▁ 1 2 - meter ▁high ▁tower ▁with |
▁a ▁free ▁fall . ▁Det ▁N ye ▁V and t år n ▁- ▁help ▁the ▁far mer ▁check ▁if ▁the ▁new ▁tower ▁has ▁been ▁painted ▁before ▁the ▁free ▁fall . ▁Det ▁Sk ø re ▁Kom pas ▁- ▁Rock in ' ▁T ug ▁Kont iki ▁in ▁P irat land . ▁Z ier er . ▁Dj urs ▁Express en ▁- ▁rail road ▁journey ▁in ▁Sommer land . ▁Drag esk ib et ▁- ▁pir ate ▁ship ▁ride ▁in ▁Vik ing eland . ▁Ed der ko ppen ett et ▁- ▁clim bing ▁zone ▁of ▁ro pes ▁in ▁Sommer land . ▁Family ▁b icy cles ▁- ▁b icy cling ▁course ▁in ▁Sommer land . ▁Fr ø erne ▁- ▁jump ▁along ▁with ▁cra zy ▁fro gs . ▁Gold - dig gers ▁- ▁pan ▁for ▁gold ▁in ▁Western land . ▁H ott ent ot ▁K arr us ellen ▁- ▁H imal ay an ▁ride ▁that ▁is ▁located ▁in ▁Af rik aland . ▁Mack ▁R ides . ▁Jung le ▁Safari ▁- ▁scen ic ▁boat ▁ride ▁through ▁Af rik aland . ▁Mack ▁R ides . ▁Jung l esti ▁- ▁obst acle ▁zone ▁in ▁Af rik aland . ▁K ann ib al ▁G ry der ne ▁- ▁spin ning ▁cu ps ▁in ▁Af rik aland . ▁Mack ▁R ides . ▁K lat reb jer get ▁- ▁clim bing ▁mountain ▁and ▁slide ▁in ▁S omm ar land . ▁K orn m ø ll en ▁- ▁ride ▁the ▁b ikes ▁and ▁help ▁the ▁far mer ▁gr ind ▁his ▁har vest . ▁Mil k sh ak |
eren ▁- ▁join ▁the ▁c ows ▁in ▁the ▁bar n ▁on ▁this ▁spin ning ▁and ▁sh aken ▁ride , ▁where ▁milk ▁is ▁turned ▁into ▁milk sh ake . ▁Mex icana ▁G olf ▁- ▁mini ▁golf ▁in ▁Mex icol and . ▁P irat lege pl ads ▁- ▁play ▁zone ▁them ed ▁on ▁a ▁pir ate ▁ship ▁in ▁P irat land . ▁R ode oty rene ▁- ▁the ▁b ull s ▁are ▁ch asing ▁each ▁other ▁as ▁they ▁have ▁b ull se yes ▁painted ▁on ▁their ▁behind . ▁Saf ar ib ussen ▁- ▁flat ▁ride ▁located ▁in ▁Sommer land . ▁Sol g uden ▁- ▁flying ▁fish ▁ride ▁with ▁an ▁Az te c ▁theme ▁that ▁opened ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁in ▁Mex icol and . ▁Z ier er . ▁S ø ul ken ▁- ▁New ▁ride ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 . ▁Loc ated ▁in ▁P irat land . ▁Spe edy ▁Gonz ales ▁- ▁water ▁d ing hy ▁ride ▁in ▁Mex icol and . ▁Met all bau ▁Em m eln . ▁Tra kt orer ne ▁- ▁a ▁ride ▁in ▁your ▁own ▁tra ctor ▁in ▁far ml and . ▁Water ▁b ikes ▁and ▁can o es ▁- ▁can o es ▁/ ▁ped al ▁boats ▁on ▁a ▁lake ▁in ▁Sommer land . ▁Must ▁be ▁ 1 . 2 ▁m ▁tall ▁to ▁sail ▁alone ▁in ▁the ▁can o es . ▁Wild ▁West ▁K arr us ellen ▁- ▁wave ▁sw inger ▁that ▁opened ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁in ▁Western land . ▁Z ier er . |
▁Vik ing et år n ene ▁- ▁mini ▁tower ▁ride ▁in ▁Vik ing eland . ▁ ▁K idd ie ▁r ides ▁B oun cy ▁c ush ions ▁- ▁b oun cy ▁cast les ▁in ▁Sommer land . ▁Indian er land ▁- ▁play ▁area ▁with ▁an ▁Indian ▁theme ▁in ▁Western land . ▁M ini ▁Buff alo ▁B um per ▁C ars ▁- ▁k idd ie ▁b um per ▁cars ▁that ▁opened ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁in ▁Western land . ▁Bert az zon . ▁P ony ▁E ks press en ▁- ▁ride ▁a ▁mechan ic ▁horse ▁on ▁a ▁track ▁in ▁Western land . ▁Sab len ▁- ▁an ▁ 1 1 ▁m - t all ▁t ilt ▁tower ▁that ▁opened ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁in ▁P irat land . ▁ABC ▁R ides . ▁Sho oting ▁Range ▁- ▁test ▁your ▁skills ▁at ▁shooting ▁in ▁Western land . ▁So ap ▁b ub bles ▁- ▁make ▁your ▁own ▁soap ▁b ub bles ▁in ▁Western land . ▁Texas ▁Town ▁- ▁play ground ▁for ▁k ids ▁in ▁Western land . ▁Tr amp ol ines ▁- ▁tr amp ol ines ▁in ▁Sommer land . ▁T unnel ▁S lide ▁- ▁sl ides ▁for ▁the ▁young est ▁k ids ▁in ▁Sommer land . ▁ ▁V and land ▁The ▁water ▁park ▁V and land ▁opened ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 5 ▁and ▁is ▁included ▁in ▁the ▁ad mission ▁price . ▁Black ▁H ole ▁- ▁en closed ▁t ube ▁ride ; ▁height ▁limit ▁ 1 . 2 ▁m . ▁Hawai i ▁- |
Subsets and Splits