text
stringlengths 505
4.3k
|
|---|
- in . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Japanese ▁law ▁Public ▁order ▁and ▁internal ▁security ▁in ▁Japan ▁C riminal ▁justice ▁system ▁of ▁Japan ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁of ▁Japan ▁List ▁of ▁Just ices ▁of ▁the ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁of ▁Japan ▁J uries ▁in ▁Japan ▁Att orney ▁at ▁law ▁( J apan ) ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁- ▁Japan ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁* ▁Category : G overn ment ▁of ▁Japan <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 6 9 th ▁Festival ▁del ▁film ▁Loc ar no ▁was ▁held ▁August ▁ 3 – 1 3 , ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁in ▁Loc ar no , ▁Switzerland . ▁ ▁The ▁line - up ▁consisted ▁of ▁ten ▁sections : ▁ ▁Pia zza ▁Grande ▁( 1 6 ▁films ) ▁ ▁International ▁Compet ition ▁( 1 7 ▁films ) ▁ ▁Fil mm akers ▁of ▁the ▁Pres ent ▁( 1 5 ▁films ) ▁ ▁Leop ards ▁of ▁Tom orrow ▁( 4 0 ▁films ) ▁ ▁Sign s ▁of ▁Life ▁( 8 ▁films ) ▁ ▁Out ▁of ▁Compet ition ▁( 1 9 ▁films ) ▁ ▁Histoire ( s ) ▁du ▁cinéma ▁( 3 0 ▁films ) ▁ ▁Ret ros pective ▁( 7 3 ▁films ) ▁ ▁Open ▁Do ors ▁( 2 1 ▁films ) ▁ ▁J ury ▁Films ▁( 1 6 ▁films ) ▁Carlo ▁Ch at rian ▁was ▁the ▁festival ’ s ▁Art istic ▁Director . ▁The ▁primary ▁Selection ▁Committee ▁included ▁Mark ▁Per anson ▁( Head ▁of ▁Program ming ), ▁Lorenzo ▁Esp os ito , ▁Ser gio ▁Fant , ▁and ▁Aur é lie ▁God et . ▁The ▁Leop |
ards ▁of ▁Tom orrow ▁section ▁was ▁program med ▁by ▁Aless andro ▁Mar cion ni ▁( Head ), ▁Gonz alo ▁De ▁Pedro ▁Am at ria , ▁L iz ▁H ark man , ▁and ▁Bruno ▁Qu ibli er . ▁The ▁Ret ros pective ▁program ▁was ▁cur ated ▁by ▁O la f ▁M öll er ▁and ▁Roberto ▁Tur igli atto . ▁ ▁Se ctions ▁ ▁Pia zza ▁Grande ▁ ▁International ▁Compet ition ▁( Con cor so ▁intern azionale ) ▁ ▁Fil mm akers ▁of ▁the ▁Pres ent ▁( Con cor so ▁C ine ast i ▁del ▁presente ) ▁ ▁Fil mm akers ▁of ▁the ▁Pres ent ▁is ▁the ▁festival ' s ▁competition ▁for ▁first ▁or ▁second ▁feature ▁films . ▁ ▁Leop ards ▁of ▁Tom orrow ▁( P ardi ▁di ▁dom ani ) ▁ ▁Leop ards ▁of ▁Tom orrow ▁is ▁the ▁festival ' s ▁compet itive ▁program ▁for ▁short ▁films , ▁with ▁separate ▁international ▁and ▁Swiss ▁sections . ▁ ▁International ▁Compet ition ▁( Con cor so ▁intern azionale ) ▁ ▁Swiss ▁Compet ition ▁( Con cor so ▁nazionale ) ▁ ▁Sign s ▁of ▁Life ▁ ▁Out ▁of ▁Compet ition ▁( F u ori ▁con cor so ) ▁ ▁Fe ature - length ▁ ▁Short s ▁ ▁Histoire ( s ) ▁du ▁cinéma ▁ ▁Ret ros pective ▁( Ret ro sp ett iva ) ▁ ▁The ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁ret ros pective ▁section , ▁Bel oved ▁and ▁Re ject ed : ▁Cinema ▁in ▁the ▁young ▁Federal ▁Republic ▁of ▁Germany ▁from ▁ 1 9 4 9 ▁to |
▁ 1 9 6 3 , ▁was ▁centered ▁around ▁film making ▁in ▁early ▁West ▁Germany . ▁ ▁Open ▁Do ors ▁ ▁Begin ning ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁the ▁Open ▁Do ors ▁screen ing ▁and ▁development ▁section ▁initi ated ▁a ▁three - year ▁focus ▁on ▁eight ▁South ▁Asian ▁countries : ▁Afghan istan , ▁Bang l adesh , ▁Bh ut an , ▁M ald ives , ▁My an mar , ▁Nep al , ▁Pakistan ▁and ▁Sri ▁L anka . ▁ ▁Fe ature - length ▁ ▁Short s ▁ ▁J ury ▁films ▁The ▁festival ▁presents ▁films ▁associated ▁with ▁jur ors ▁for ▁the ▁various ▁compet itive ▁sections . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Loc ar no ▁International ▁Film ▁Festival ▁Category : 2 0 1 6 ▁film ▁festiv als ▁Category : 2 0 1 6 ▁festiv als ▁in ▁Europe ▁Category : 2 0 1 6 ▁in ▁Switzerland <0x0A> </s> ▁P ray og sh ala ▁( L abor atory ) ▁is ▁a ▁book ▁about ▁the ▁politics ▁of ▁Nep al . ▁It ▁was ▁written ▁by ▁Sud he er ▁Sh arma . ▁The ▁book ▁revol ves ▁around ▁the ▁Ma o ist ▁ins ur gency , ▁de posed ▁mon archy ▁and ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁New ▁Del hi ▁in ▁Nep al ' s ▁period ▁of ▁political ▁transition . ▁It ▁was ▁published ▁by ▁Fine ▁Print . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Pol it ical ▁books ▁Category : G overn ment ▁of ▁Nep al ▁Category : 2 0 1 3 ▁non - f iction ▁books <0x0A> </s> ▁A ▁reflect ron ▁( mass |
▁reflect ron ) ▁is ▁a ▁type ▁of ▁time - of - fl ight ▁mass ▁spect rom eter ▁( TO F ▁MS ) ▁that ▁compr ises ▁a ▁p uls ed ▁ion ▁source , ▁field - free ▁region , ▁ ▁ion ▁mirror , ▁and ▁ion ▁det ector ▁and ▁uses ▁a ▁static ▁or ▁time ▁dependent ▁electric ▁field ▁in ▁the ▁ion ▁mirror ▁to ▁reverse ▁the ▁direction ▁of ▁travel ▁of ▁the ▁ ions ▁entering ▁it . ▁ ▁Using ▁the ▁reflect ron , ▁one ▁can ▁substantial ly ▁dimin ish ▁a ▁spread ▁of ▁flight ▁times ▁of ▁the ▁ ions ▁with ▁the ▁same ▁mass - to - charge ▁ratio ▁( m / z ) ▁caused ▁by ▁spread ▁in ▁kin etic ▁energy ▁of ▁these ▁ ions ▁measured ▁at ▁the ▁exit ▁from ▁the ▁ion ▁source . ▁ ▁Development ▁ ▁The ▁idea ▁of ▁impro ving ▁mass ▁resolution ▁in ▁TO F ▁MS ▁by ▁implementing ▁the ▁reflection ▁of ▁ ions ▁from ▁a ▁region ▁with ▁ret arding ▁electric ▁field ▁( the ▁ion ▁mirror ) ▁has ▁been ▁first ▁proposed ▁by ▁Russian ▁scient ist ▁S . ▁G . ▁A lik han ov . ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 3 , ▁the ▁dual - stage ▁reflect ron ▁util izing ▁an ▁ion ▁mirror ▁with ▁two ▁regions ▁of ▁hom ogeneous ▁field ▁ ▁was ▁built ▁in ▁a ▁labor atory ▁of ▁Bor is ▁Aleks and rov ich ▁Mam yr in . ▁ ▁Mass ▁resolution ▁of ▁the ▁reflect ron ▁measured ▁over ▁broad ▁mass ▁range ▁is ▁much ▁larger ▁than ▁that ▁in ▁a ▁simpler ▁( so - called ▁linear ) ▁time - of - fl ight ▁mass |
▁spect rom eter ▁compr ising ▁a ▁p uls ed ▁ion ▁source , ▁flight ▁t ube , ▁and ▁ion ▁det ector . ▁ ▁The ▁masses ▁of ▁ ions ▁analyz ed ▁in ▁the ▁reflect ron ▁can ▁span ▁from ▁a ▁few ▁D alt ons ▁to ▁a ▁few ▁million ▁D alt ons . ▁S ens itivity ▁in ▁the ▁reflect ron ▁used ▁for ▁the ▁analysis ▁of ▁ ions ▁produced ▁in ▁vac u um ▁by ▁photo ▁or ▁electron ▁ion ization , ▁e . g ., ▁matrix - ass isted ▁las er ▁des or ption / ion ization ▁source , ▁can ▁be ▁lower ▁than ▁in ▁linear ▁TO F ▁MS ▁due ▁to ▁post - source ▁decay ▁ ▁- ▁a ▁dis soci ation ▁of ▁v ibration ally - ex c ited ▁mole cular ▁ ions ▁( o ften ▁referred ▁as ▁met ast able ▁ ions ). ▁ ▁Single - stage ▁reflect ron ▁▁ ▁A ▁single - stage ▁reflect ron ▁is ▁equ ipped ▁with ▁an ▁ion ▁mirror ▁that ▁has ▁a ▁single ▁electric ▁field ▁region . ▁The ▁distribution ▁of ▁electric ▁potential ▁along ▁the ▁central ▁axis ▁of ▁the ▁ion ▁mirror ▁can ▁be ▁linear ▁or ▁non - linear . ▁Also , ▁the ▁electric ▁field ▁in ▁the ▁mirror ▁can ▁be ▁constant ▁or ▁time - dependent . ▁ ▁In ▁single - stage ▁reflect rons ▁with ▁hom ogeneous ▁field , ▁a ▁zero ▁field ▁ ▁in ▁a ▁field - free ▁region ▁of ▁a ▁flight ▁t ube ▁and ▁the ▁hom ogeneous ▁field ▁inside ▁the ▁ion ▁mirror ▁are ▁separated ▁by ▁highly ▁transparent ▁( ~ 9 5 %) ▁metal ▁grid . ▁The ▁grid |
▁position ▁is ▁then ▁referred ▁as ▁the ▁entrance ▁( exit ) ▁to ▁the ▁ion ▁mirror ▁and ▁is ▁used ▁to ▁calculate ▁the ▁ret arding ▁electric ▁field . ▁The ▁single - stage ▁reflect or ▁util izing ▁hom ogeneous ▁field ▁can ▁be ▁used ▁to ▁att ain ▁high ▁mass ▁resolution ▁in ▁cases ▁where ▁the ▁variation ▁of ▁energ ies ▁of ▁ ions ▁leaving ▁the ▁ion ▁source ▁is ▁small ▁( typ ically ▁less ▁than ▁a ▁few ▁per ▁cent ). ▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Time ▁of ▁flight ▁t ▁of ▁the ▁ ions ▁with ▁mass ▁m , ▁charge ▁q , ▁kin etic ▁energy ▁U ▁is ▁▁ ▁where ▁L ▁is ▁the ▁path ▁length ▁of ▁the ▁ ions ▁in ▁a ▁field - free ▁space , ▁L m ▁is ▁the ▁length ▁of ▁ion ▁mirror , ▁Um ▁is ▁the ▁voltage ▁applied ▁across ▁the ▁mirror . ▁▁▁ ▁To ▁find ▁a ▁first - order ▁compens ation ▁condition ▁for ▁flight ▁time ▁t ▁with ▁respect ▁to ▁ ▁spread ▁d U ▁in ▁ion ▁energy ▁U , ▁the ▁following ▁condition ▁should ▁be ▁ful filled ▁▁▁ ▁Assume ▁that ▁the ▁kin etic ▁energy ▁of ▁the ▁ ions ▁in ▁the ▁field - free ▁region ▁equals ▁the ▁ion ▁potential ▁energy ▁near ▁the ▁stop ▁point ▁of ▁the ▁ ions ▁inside ▁the ▁mirror ▁( we ▁assume ▁that ▁this ▁stop ▁point ▁is ▁very ▁close ▁to ▁the ▁back ▁electro de ▁of ▁the ▁mirror , ▁i . e . ▁Um ▁= ▁U ). ▁ ▁From ▁here ▁it ▁follows ▁that ▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁In ▁practice , ▁the ▁mirror ▁length ▁should ▁be ▁ 1 0 - 2 0 % ▁longer ▁to ▁accommod ate ▁all ▁ ions ▁whose ▁kin |
etic ▁energy ▁is ▁spread ▁over ▁some ▁interval . ▁ ▁So , ▁the ▁electric ▁field ▁Em ▁in ▁the ▁mirror ▁of ▁a ▁single - stage ▁reflect or ▁should ▁be ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁In ▁case ▁of ▁a ▁wider ▁variation ▁of ▁d U , ▁the ▁relative ▁width ▁of ▁the ▁time - of - fl ight ▁pe aks ▁dt / t ▁ ▁in ▁such ▁a ▁reflect ron ▁is ▁determined ▁by ▁the ▁un comp ens ated ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁flight ▁time ▁t ( U ) ▁proportional ▁to ▁the ▁second ▁derivative ▁ ▁. ▁where ▁k ▁is ▁a ▁constant ▁depending ▁on ▁the ▁parameters ▁of ▁the ▁single - stage ▁reflect or . ▁ ▁D ual - stage ▁reflect ron ▁▁ ▁The ▁mirror ▁in ▁a ▁dual - stage ▁reflect ron ▁has ▁two ▁regions ▁( st ages ) ▁with ▁different ▁fields . ▁This ▁makes ▁it ▁possible ▁to ▁ ▁zero ▁both ▁the ▁first ▁and ▁second ▁derivatives ▁of ▁t ( U ) ▁ ▁with ▁respect ▁to ▁energy ▁U . ▁ ▁That ▁is ▁why ▁dual - stage ▁reflect rons ▁can ▁compens ate ▁flight ▁times ▁over ▁larger ▁variations ▁in ▁ion ▁kin etic ▁energy ▁compared ▁to ▁single - stage ▁ones . ▁ ▁This ▁type ▁of ▁reflect rons ▁is ▁typically ▁employed ▁in ▁orthogonal ▁acceleration ▁( oa ) ▁TO F ▁MS . ▁" Class ical " ▁( i . e ., ▁Mam yr in ' s ) ▁design ▁includes ▁two ▁highly ▁transparent ▁conduct ive ▁gr ids ▁separ ating ▁regions ▁with ▁ ▁hom ogeneous ▁fields . ▁ ▁In ▁general , ▁the ▁first ▁stage ▁( section ) ▁of ▁the ▁reflect ron ▁has ▁high ▁electric ▁field |
, ▁in ▁this ▁section ▁the ▁ ions ▁dec eler ate ▁losing ▁ 2 / 3 ▁or ▁more ▁of ▁their ▁kin etic ▁energy ▁depending ▁on ▁the ▁reflect ron ▁parameters ; ▁the ▁second ▁stage ▁has ▁lower ▁field , ▁in ▁this ▁stage ▁the ▁ ions ▁are ▁rep elled ▁toward ▁the ▁first ▁region . ▁ ▁Mass ▁resolution ▁in ▁dual - stage ▁reflect ron ▁is ▁mainly ▁determined ▁by ▁ion ▁scatter ing ▁on ▁the ▁gr ids , ▁the ▁spread ▁of ▁kin etic ▁energy ▁of ▁ ions ▁leaving ▁the ▁p uls ed ▁ion ▁source , ▁and ▁accuracy ▁of ▁mechanical ▁alignment . ▁To ▁dimin ish ▁effect ▁of ▁scatter ing , ▁ ▁the ▁length ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁dec eler ation ▁region ▁should ▁be ▁relatively ▁large . ▁I on ▁scatter ing ▁makes ▁using ▁triple - ▁and ▁further ▁stage ▁reflect rons ▁imp ract ical . ▁ ▁The ▁effect ▁of ▁ion ▁scatter ing ▁on ▁mass ▁resolution ▁in ▁single - ▁and ▁dual - stage ▁reflect rons ▁can ▁be ▁dimin ished ▁ ▁by ▁util izing ▁polar ized ▁grid ▁geometry . ▁ ▁Grid less ▁reflect ron ▁The ▁grid less ▁design ▁of ▁the ▁reflect ron ▁usually ▁compr ises ▁two ▁stages ▁with ▁individually ▁adjust able ▁volt ages : ▁ ▁a ▁dec eler ating ▁region , ▁where ▁the ▁ ions ▁lose ▁about ▁two - third s ▁of ▁their ▁kin etic ▁energy , ▁and ▁rep elling ▁region , ▁where ▁the ▁ ions ▁reverse ▁their ▁direction ▁of ▁motion . ▁The ▁symmetry ▁of ▁grid less ▁reflect ron ▁is ▁typically ▁a ▁cyl ind rical ▁one , ▁though ▁a ▁ 2 D ▁design ▁compr ising ▁two |
▁parallel ▁flat ▁electro de ▁systems ▁can ▁be ▁util ized ▁for ▁the ▁same ▁purpose ▁of ▁flight - time ▁compens ation ▁of ▁energy ▁spread ▁the ▁ ions ▁ac quire ▁at ▁the ▁exit ▁from ▁the ▁ion ▁source . ▁The ▁grid less ▁reflect ron ▁almost ▁always ▁includes ▁a ▁thick ▁electro static ▁Einzel ▁l ens ▁placed ▁at ▁its ▁front ▁or ▁some ▁distance . ▁The ▁cur ved ▁potential ▁distribution ▁in ▁a ▁grid less ▁reflect ron ▁geomet r ically ▁affect s ▁the ▁traject ories ▁of ▁reflected ▁ ions ▁and ▁therefore ▁the ▁grid less ▁reflect ron ▁either ▁focus ▁or ▁def ocus ▁the ▁ ions , ▁which ▁depends ▁on ▁a ▁chosen ▁field ▁profile . ▁In ▁addition , ▁one ▁needs ▁to ▁take ▁into ▁account ▁that ▁the ▁l ens ing ▁also ▁affect s ▁the ▁time - of - fl ight ▁of ▁ ions ▁travers ing ▁different ▁sections ▁ ▁of ▁the ▁reflect ron . ▁Due ▁to ▁the ▁positive ▁volt ages ▁in ▁the ▁reflect ron ▁with ▁respect ▁to ▁that ▁applied ▁to ▁the ▁field - free ▁dr ift ▁region ▁( this ▁region ▁is ▁often ▁kept ▁at ▁the ▁ground ▁potential ), ▁the ▁reflect ron ▁entrance ▁acts ▁like ▁the ▁first ▁half ▁of ▁a ▁" pos itive " ▁electro static ▁ ▁l ens ▁( E in zel ▁l ens ▁where ▁the ▁central ▁electro de ▁is ▁kept ▁at ▁a ▁positive ▁potential ▁with ▁respect ▁to ▁two ▁outer ▁electro des ) ▁causing ▁the ▁ion ▁beam ▁to ▁diver ge ▁when ▁entering ▁the ▁reflect ron . ▁A ▁positive ▁( de cel er ating ) ▁l ens ▁affect s ▁the ▁ ▁ion ▁flight ▁times ▁as ▁well |
▁as ▁the ▁spread ▁of ▁ion ▁flight ▁times ▁( on - axis ▁vs . ▁off - axis ▁ ions ) ▁ ▁more ▁strongly ▁than ▁a ▁negative ▁( ac cel er ating ) ▁l ens ▁does ▁under ▁similar ▁foc using ▁conditions ▁because ▁in ▁positive ▁Einzel ▁l ens ▁the ▁ ions ▁are ▁moving ▁along ▁the ▁extended ▁( i . e ., ▁more ▁length y ) ▁off - axis ▁traject ories ▁at ▁lower ▁ion ▁energ ies . ▁To ▁minim ize ▁the ▁positive ▁l ens ▁effect ▁produced ▁by ▁the ▁grid less ▁reflect ron , ▁one ▁must ▁add ▁a ▁negative ▁Einzel ▁l ens ▁near ▁the ▁reflect ron ▁exit , ▁which ▁conduct s ▁the ▁geometric ▁foc using , ▁i . e ., ▁direct s ▁the ▁conver ging ▁ion ▁beam ▁toward ▁the ▁ion ▁det ector ▁and ▁compens ate ▁for ▁the ▁flight ▁time ▁spread . ▁ ▁The ▁reflect ron ▁with ▁the ▁negative ▁Einzel ▁l ens ▁placed ▁near ▁its ▁exit ▁ ▁is ▁sometimes ▁referred ▁as ▁the ▁Fre y ▁mirror . ▁As ▁earlier ▁as ▁ 1 9 8 5 , ▁Fre y ▁et ▁al . ▁ ▁reported ▁on ▁the ▁grid less ▁reflect or ▁that ▁demonstrated ▁mass ▁resolution ▁over ▁ 1 0 , 0 0 0 ▁while ▁mass ▁analyz ing ▁the ▁las er - abl ated ▁pl umes ▁that ▁exhib ited ▁ 3 . 3 % ▁kin etic ▁energy ▁spread ▁at ▁the ▁exit ▁of ▁the ▁ion ▁source . ▁In ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 s , ▁there ▁were ▁suggested ▁several ▁approaches ▁to ▁a ▁design ▁of ▁grid less ▁reflect rons , ▁mainly ▁aim ed ▁at |
▁finding ▁the ▁middle ▁ground ▁between ▁higher ▁transmission ▁( i . e ., ▁direct ing ▁a ▁significant ▁per ▁cent ▁of ▁exit ing ▁ ions ▁toward ▁the ▁ion ▁det ector ) ▁and ▁target ▁mass ▁resolution . ▁ ▁One ▁implementation ▁of ▁grid less ▁reflect ron ▁util izes ▁a ▁cur ved ▁field ▁where ▁the ▁electric ▁potential ▁V ( x ) ▁along ▁the ▁mirror ▁axis ▁depends ▁non - linear ly ▁on ▁distance ▁x ▁to ▁the ▁mirror ▁entrance . ▁Time ▁of ▁flight ▁compens ation ▁for ▁ ions ▁with ▁different ▁kin etic ▁energy ▁can ▁be ▁obtained ▁by ▁adjust ing ▁voltage ▁on ▁the ▁elements ▁producing ▁the ▁electric ▁field ▁inside ▁the ▁mirror , ▁which ▁values ▁follow ▁the ▁equation ▁of ▁an ▁arc ▁of ▁a ▁circle : ▁R 2 ▁= ▁V ( x ) 2 ▁+ ▁k x 2 , ▁where ▁k ▁and ▁R ▁are ▁some ▁constants . ▁ ▁The ▁electric ▁potential ▁in ▁some ▁other ▁implementation ▁of ▁grid less ▁reflect ron ▁( a ▁so - called ▁quadratic - field ▁reflect ron ) ▁is ▁proportional ▁to ▁a ▁square ▁of ▁a ▁distance ▁x ▁to ▁the ▁mirror ▁entrance : ▁V ( x )= ▁k x 2 ▁thus ▁exhib iting ▁a ▁case ▁of ▁one - dimensional ▁harm onic ▁field . ▁If ▁both ▁the ▁ion ▁source ▁and ▁the ▁det ector ▁are ▁placed ▁at ▁the ▁reflect ron ▁entrance ▁and ▁if ▁the ▁ ions ▁travel ▁in ▁a ▁close ▁proxim ity ▁of ▁the ▁ion ▁mirror ▁axis , ▁the ▁flight ▁times ▁of ▁ ions ▁in ▁the ▁quadratic - field ▁reflect ron ▁are ▁almost ▁independent ▁on ▁ion ▁kin etic ▁energy . ▁ ▁A ▁grid |
less ▁reflect ron ▁with ▁non linear ▁field , ▁which ▁compr ised ▁only ▁three ▁cyl ind rical ▁elements ▁was ▁also ▁demonstrated . ▁Berg mann ▁et ▁al . ▁implemented ▁an ▁original ▁numerical ▁approach ▁to ▁finding ▁voltage ▁distribution ▁across ▁the ▁stack ▁of ▁the ▁metal ▁electro des ▁to ▁create ▁a ▁non linear ▁field ▁in ▁different ▁regions ▁of ▁the ▁reflect ron ▁to ▁provide ▁conditions ▁for ▁both ▁geomet rical ▁foc using ▁and ▁compens ation ▁of ▁flight ▁times ▁caused ▁by ▁the ▁spread ▁of ▁kin etic ▁energ ies ▁of ▁ ions ▁entering ▁the ▁reflect ron ▁at ▁different ▁angles . ▁ ▁Post - source ▁decay ▁A ▁post - source ▁decay ▁( PS D ) ▁is ▁a ▁process ▁specific ▁to ▁the ▁ion ▁source ▁util izing ▁matrix - ass isted ▁las er ▁des or ption / ion ization ▁and ▁operating ▁in ▁vac u um . ▁In ▁the ▁post - source ▁decay , ▁parent ▁ ions ▁( typ ically ▁of ▁several ▁ke V ▁kin etic ▁energy ) ▁fragment ▁in ▁a ▁process ▁of ▁las er - indu ced ▁fragment ation ▁or ▁high - energy ▁collision - indu ced ▁dis soci ation ▁( HE ▁C ID ). ▁ ▁Time ▁interval ▁suitable ▁for ▁observation ▁of ▁the ▁post - source ▁decay ▁in ▁the ▁reflect ron ▁starts ▁after ▁the ▁prec urs ors ▁( parent ▁ ions ) ▁leave ▁the ▁ion ▁source ▁and ▁ends ▁prior ▁to ▁the ▁moment ▁when ▁the ▁prec urs ors ▁enter ▁the ▁ion ▁mirror . ▁The ▁kin etic ▁energy ▁of ▁fragment ▁ ions ▁of ▁mass ▁m ▁in ▁the ▁post - source ▁decay ▁significantly ▁diff ers ▁from ▁that ▁of |
▁parent ▁ ions ▁of ▁mass ▁M ▁and ▁is ▁proportional ▁to ▁m / M . ▁So , ▁the ▁distribution ▁of ▁kin etic ▁energ ies ▁for ▁the ▁P SD ▁ ions ▁is ▁extremely ▁large . ▁Not ▁surprising ly , ▁it ▁cannot ▁be ▁compens ated ▁in ▁" class ic " ▁single ▁or ▁double - stage ▁reflect rons . ▁To ▁achieve ▁acceptable ▁mass ▁resolution ▁for ▁P SD ▁ ions ▁with ▁masses ▁typically ▁distributed ▁over ▁broad ▁mass ▁range , ▁these ▁ ions ▁are ▁acceler ated ▁to ▁energ ies ▁substantial ly ▁( at ▁least , ▁a ▁factor ▁of ▁ 4 ▁) ▁exceed ing ▁the ▁initial ▁energy ▁of ▁prec ursor ▁ ions . ▁Use ▁of ▁grid less ▁cur ved - field ▁mirror ▁or ▁that ▁with ▁time - dependent ▁field ▁also ▁impro ves ▁the ▁mass ▁resolution ▁for ▁fragment ▁ ions ▁generated ▁in ▁the ▁post - source ▁decay . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁· ▁ ▁· ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Kore ▁Technology ▁– ▁Introduction ▁to ▁Time - of - F light ▁Mass ▁Spect rom etry ▁ ▁Category : M ass ▁spect rom etry ▁Category : S ov iet ▁invent ions ▁Category : Russ ian ▁invent ions <0x0A> </s> ▁is ▁a ▁Japanese ▁professional ▁wrest ler ▁better ▁known ▁by ▁her ▁ring ▁name ▁. ▁She ▁is ▁the ▁founder ▁of ▁the ▁Ar s ion ▁all - w omen ▁professional ▁wrest ling ▁promotion ▁and ▁has ▁won ▁several ▁champion ships ▁in ▁both ▁singles ▁and ▁tag ▁team ▁divisions ▁throughout ▁her ▁career , ▁primarily ▁while ▁with ▁All ▁Japan ▁Women ' s ▁Pro - W rest ling . ▁ |
▁Professional ▁wrest ling ▁career ▁ ▁All ▁Japan ▁Women ' s ▁Pro - W rest ling ▁Sh ish ido ▁was ▁trained ▁by ▁All ▁Japan ▁Women ' s ▁Pro - W rest ling ▁( A J W ) ▁and ▁graduated ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁their ▁class ▁of ▁ 1 9 8 6 . ▁She ▁made ▁her ▁debut ▁that ▁summer ▁against ▁N ori yo ▁Toy oda . ▁She ▁immediately ▁joined ▁D ump ▁M ats um oto ' s ▁he el ▁stable ▁G oku aku ▁D ome i ▁(" At ro cious ▁Alliance "), ▁along ▁with ▁class mate ▁and ▁tag ▁team ▁partner ▁Nob uk o ▁Kim ura . ▁After ▁the ▁stable ▁dissol ved ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁due ▁to ▁M ats um oto ' s ▁ret irement , ▁Sh ish ido ▁and ▁Kim ura ▁went ▁their ▁separate ▁ways , ▁but ▁re - formed ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁as ▁Jung le ▁Jack . ▁Now ▁called ▁A ja ▁Kong ▁and ▁B ison ▁Kim ura , ▁they ▁entered ▁a ▁two - year ▁fe ud ▁against ▁their ▁former ▁al lies ▁Bull ▁Nak ano ▁and ▁her ▁he el ▁stable ▁G ok um on - to . ▁During ▁their ▁partners hip ▁they ▁won ▁the ▁W W WA ▁World ▁Tag ▁Team ▁Championship ▁twice . ▁They ▁lost ▁a ▁hair ▁versus ▁hair ▁match ▁on ▁January ▁ 1 1 , ▁ 1 9 9 1 , ▁resulting ▁in ▁both ▁women ▁being ▁sh aved ▁bald . ▁ ▁Kong ▁herself ▁also ▁purs ued ▁Nak ano ▁for ▁the ▁W W WA ▁World ▁Single ▁Championship ▁during ▁the ▁early |
▁ 1 9 9 0 s . ▁She ▁failed ▁in ▁several ▁attempts ▁before ▁finally ▁ach ieving ▁her ▁goal ▁on ▁November ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 1 9 9 2 , ▁ending ▁Nak ano ' s ▁three - year ▁reign . ▁ ▁World ▁Wrestling ▁Federation ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 5 , ▁Kong ▁made ▁an ▁appearance ▁in ▁the ▁American ▁World ▁Wrestling ▁Federation ▁( W WF ) ▁as ▁the ▁sole ▁surv iv or ▁of ▁a ▁women ' s ▁elim ination ▁match ▁at ▁the ▁pay - per - view ▁Sur viv or ▁Series ▁by ▁pin ning ▁all ▁ 4 ▁members ▁of ▁her ▁oppos ing ▁team , ▁including ▁W WF ▁Women ' s ▁Champion , ▁Al und ra ▁Bl ay ze . ▁Kong ▁also ▁appeared ▁on ▁two ▁episodes ▁of ▁Monday ▁Night ▁Raw ▁and ▁was ▁vict orious ▁in ▁both ▁b outs . ▁During ▁one ▁bout , ▁she ▁broke ▁the ▁nose ▁of ▁Chap ar ita ▁As ari . ▁ ▁Kong ▁was ▁being ▁built ▁up ▁as ▁a ▁ch allen ger ▁for ▁the ▁W WF ▁Women ' s ▁Championship ▁held ▁by ▁Al und ra ▁Bl ay ze . ▁Kong ▁was ▁scheduled ▁to ▁face ▁Bl ay ze ▁at ▁the ▁Royal ▁R umble ▁pay - per - view ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 9 9 6 , ▁but ▁the ▁company ▁elected ▁to ▁end ▁its ▁women ' s ▁division ▁after ▁Al und ra ▁Bl ay ze ▁showed ▁up ▁on ▁W C W ▁Monday ▁N it ro ▁with ▁the ▁W WF ▁Women ' s ▁championship ▁and ▁threw ▁the ▁title ▁into ▁a ▁garbage ▁can . ▁ ▁Ar |
s ion ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 7 , ▁Kong ▁left ▁A J W ▁and ▁started ▁the ▁independent ▁promotion ▁Hyper ▁Visual ▁Fight ing ▁Ar s ion ▁( us ually ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁simply ▁Ar s ion ). ▁She ▁led ▁the ▁organization ▁until ▁February ▁ 1 2 , ▁ 2 0 0 1 , ▁when ▁she ▁walked ▁out ▁of ▁a ▁tag ▁team ▁match ▁and ▁announced ▁she ▁was ▁qu itting . ▁ ▁Fre el ance ▁in ▁Japan ▁On ▁April ▁ 3 0 , ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁at ▁the ▁j oshi ▁promotion ▁G ae a ▁Japan ' s ▁event ▁Lim it ▁Break , ▁Kong ▁wrest led ▁Ama zing ▁Kong ▁in ▁the ▁latter ' s ▁Japanese ▁debut . ▁Later ▁in ▁the ▁night , ▁the ▁du o ▁formed ▁a ▁tag ▁team ▁called ▁W ▁Kong . ▁The ▁du o ▁defeated ▁Ch ig usa ▁Nag ay o ▁and ▁Lion ess ▁As uka ▁for ▁the ▁A AA W ▁Tag ▁Team ▁Championship ▁on ▁May ▁ 5 . ▁The ▁team ▁def ended ▁the ▁championship ▁all ▁summer , ▁eventually ▁losing ▁to ▁Man ami ▁Toy ota ▁and ▁Carlos ▁A man o ▁on ▁September ▁ 2 0 . ▁They ▁also ▁held ▁tag ▁team ▁champion ships ▁in ▁Japanese ▁women ' s ▁prom ot ions ▁A J W ▁and ▁Lad ies ▁Leg end ▁Pro - W rest ling . ▁On ▁June ▁ 6 , ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁wrest ling ▁as ▁E ri ka ▁and ▁Margaret , ▁the ▁team ▁defeated ▁Wat aru ▁Sak ata ▁and ▁R yo ji ▁S ai ▁for ▁the ▁H ust |
le ▁Super ▁Tag ▁Team ▁Championship . ▁They ▁lost ▁the ▁titles ▁on ▁October ▁ 9 , ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁to ▁American ▁tag ▁team ▁B ub ba ▁Ray ▁and ▁Dev on ▁in ▁a ▁three - way ▁match ▁which ▁also ▁included ▁the ▁team ▁of ▁S od om ▁and ▁Gam ora . ▁On ▁August ▁ 2 6 , ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁Kong ▁reform ed ▁the ▁W ▁Kong ▁tag ▁team ▁with ▁Ama zing ▁Kong . ▁ ▁Kong ▁also ▁wrest led ▁for ▁May umi ▁O z aki ' s ▁promotion , ▁O z ▁Academy ▁where ▁she ▁is ▁affili ated ▁with ▁the ▁Jung le ▁Jack ▁ 2 1 ▁stable . ▁She ▁has ▁also ▁held ▁the ▁promotion ' s ▁championship . ▁ ▁Fre el ance ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁In ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁Kong ▁took ▁part ▁in ▁American ▁promotion ▁Ch ik ara ' s ▁Jos hi Man ia ▁week end , ▁losing ▁to ▁S ara ▁Del ▁Rey ▁in ▁the ▁main ▁event ▁of ▁night ▁one ▁on ▁December ▁ 2 . ▁The ▁following ▁day , ▁Kong ▁defeated ▁Ay ako ▁Ham ada ▁in ▁the ▁main ▁event . ▁On ▁the ▁third ▁and ▁final ▁night ▁of ▁the ▁tour , ▁Kong ▁te amed ▁with ▁M io ▁Sh ira i ▁and ▁T sub asa ▁Kur ag aki ▁to ▁defeat ▁Han ako ▁Nak am ori , ▁Man ami ▁Toy ota ▁and ▁S aw ako ▁Sh im ono ▁in ▁a ▁six - w oman ▁tag ▁team ▁match . ▁ ▁Kong ▁returned ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁on ▁April ▁ 1 1 , |
▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁working ▁for ▁Sh immer ▁Women ▁Athlet es . ▁Kong ▁was ▁brought ▁in ▁as ▁a ▁surprise ▁to ▁take ▁part ▁in ▁Tom oka ▁Nak ag awa ' s ▁ret irement ▁event . ▁ ▁On ▁November ▁ 1 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁Kong ▁returned ▁to ▁Sh immer ▁Women ▁Athlet es ▁joining ▁the ▁Tr if ect a ▁he el ▁stable ▁with ▁Mer cedes ▁Mart ine z ▁and ▁N icole ▁Sav oy ▁to ▁replace ▁the ▁recently ▁depart ed ▁( for ▁W WE ) ▁Sh ay na ▁Bas z ler ▁and ▁appeared ▁in ▁matches ▁the ▁following ▁night ▁as ▁well . ▁ ▁All ▁El ite ▁Wrestling ▁( 2 0 1 9 ) ▁ ▁In ▁May ▁ 2 5 , ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁Kong ▁made ▁her ▁All ▁El ite ▁Wrestling ▁( AE W ) ▁debut , ▁as ▁she ▁te amed ▁with ▁E mi ▁Sak ura ▁and ▁Y uka ▁Sak az aki ▁where ▁they ▁un success fully ▁challeng ed ▁the ▁team ▁of ▁H ik aru ▁Sh ida , ▁Ri ho , ▁and ▁R yo ▁M iz un ami . ▁ ▁Personal ▁life ▁Sh ish ido ' s ▁mother ▁is ▁Japanese ▁and ▁her ▁father , ▁who ▁served ▁in ▁the ▁military , ▁is ▁African ▁American . ▁ ▁Championships ▁and ▁accomplish ments ▁All ▁Japan ▁Women ' s ▁Pro - W rest ling ▁A J W ▁Championship ▁( 1 ▁time ) ▁A J W ▁Tag ▁Team ▁Championship ▁( 1 ▁time ) ▁– ▁with ▁N ab oko ▁Kim ura ▁All ▁Pacific ▁Championship ▁( 1 |
▁time ) ▁W W WA ▁World ▁Single ▁Championship ▁( 2 ▁times ) ▁W W WA ▁World ▁Tag ▁Team ▁Championship ▁( 4 ▁times ) ▁– ▁with ▁G ri zz ly ▁I w am oto ▁( 1 ), ▁B ison ▁Kim ura ▁( 2 ), ▁and ▁Ama zing ▁Kong ▁( 1 ) ▁Japan ▁Grand ▁Prix ▁( 1 9 9 2 , ▁ 1 9 9 6 ) ▁Tag ▁League ▁the ▁Best ▁( 1 9 9 2 ) ▁– ▁with ▁Ky oko ▁In ou e ▁A J W ▁Hall ▁of ▁Fame ▁( 1 9 9 8 ) ▁Ar s ion ▁Queen ▁of ▁Ar s ion ▁Championship ▁( 1 ▁time ) ▁T win ▁Star ▁of ▁Ar s ion ▁Championship ▁( 1 ▁time ) ▁– ▁with ▁Mar iko ▁Y osh ida ▁D ram atic ▁Dream ▁Team ▁K O - D ▁ 6 - Man ▁Tag ▁Team ▁Championship ▁( 1 ▁time ) ▁– ▁with ▁Dans h oku ▁D ino ▁and ▁Mak oto ▁O ishi ▁Iron man ▁He av ym etal weight ▁Championship ▁( 3 ▁times ) ▁G AE A ▁Japan ▁A AA W ▁Single ▁Championship ▁( 3 ▁times ) ▁A AA W ▁Tag ▁Team ▁Championship ▁( 3 ▁times ) ▁– ▁with ▁May umi ▁O z aki ▁( 1 ), ▁Dev il ▁Mas ami ▁( 1 ), ▁and ▁Ama zing ▁Kong ▁( 1 ) ▁H UST LE ▁H UST LE ▁Super ▁Tag ▁Team ▁Championship ▁( 1 ▁time ) ▁- ▁with ▁Margaret ▁J WP ▁Jos hi ▁Pur ores u ▁J WP ▁Tag ▁Team ▁Championship ▁( 1 ▁time ) ▁- ▁with ▁Sach |
ie ▁A be ▁Lad ies ▁Leg end ▁Pro - W rest ling ▁L LP W ▁Tag ▁Team ▁Championship ▁( 1 ▁time ) ▁- ▁with ▁Ama zing ▁Kong ▁O Z ▁Academy ▁O Z ▁Academy ▁Open weight ▁Championship ▁( 3 ▁times ) ▁O Z ▁Academy ▁Tag ▁Team ▁Championship ▁( 4 ▁times ) ▁- ▁with ▁H iro yo ▁M ats um oto ▁( 1 ), ▁Ka oru ▁I to ▁( 1 ), ▁Son oko ▁K ato ▁( 1 ) ▁and ▁H ik aru ▁Sh ida ▁( 1 ) ▁Best ▁B out ▁Award ▁( 2 0 1 1 ) ▁vs . ▁May umi ▁O z aki ▁on ▁April ▁ 1 0 ▁Best ▁Singles ▁Match ▁Award ▁( 2 0 1 2 ) ▁vs . ▁Ran ▁Yu - Y u ▁on ▁October ▁ 1 4 ▁Best ▁Tag ▁Team ▁Match ▁Award ▁( 2 0 1 2 ) ▁with ▁Son oko ▁K ato ▁vs . ▁Ak ino ▁and ▁Ay umi ▁Kur ih ara ▁on ▁August ▁ 1 9 ▁M VP ▁Award ▁( 2 0 1 0 ) ▁Send ai ▁Girls ' ▁Pro ▁Wrestling ▁Send ai ▁Girls ▁World ▁Championship ▁( 1 ▁time ) ▁World ▁Woman ▁Pro - W rest ling ▁D iana ▁World ▁Woman ▁Pro - W rest ling ▁D iana ▁World ▁Championship ▁( 1 ▁time ) ▁Wrestling ▁Ob server ▁News letter ▁awards ▁Wrestling ▁Ob server ▁News letter ▁Hall ▁of ▁Fame ▁( Class ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 6 ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁O z ▁Academy ▁profile ▁ ▁Category : J apan ese ▁female ▁professional ▁wrest lers ▁Category : |
L iving ▁people ▁Category : J apan ese ▁people ▁of ▁African - American ▁descent ▁Category : Pro f essional ▁wrest ling ▁execut ives ▁Category : 1 9 7 0 ▁birth s ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁T ach ik awa ▁Category : W rest ling ▁Ob server ▁News letter ▁Hall ▁of ▁Fame <0x0A> </s> ▁J ér ôme ▁Syl vest re ▁( born ▁ 1 1 ▁July ▁ 1 9 7 9 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Canadian ▁snow board er . ▁He ▁competed ▁in ▁the ▁men ' s ▁parallel ▁giant ▁sl alom ▁event ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁Winter ▁Olympics . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 7 9 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Can ad ian ▁male ▁snow board ers ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁snow board ers ▁of ▁Canada ▁Category : S now board ers ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁Winter ▁Olympics ▁Category : S ports people ▁from ▁Quebec <0x0A> </s> ▁J unction ▁City ▁Rol ler ▁D oll s ▁( J CR D ) ▁is ▁a ▁women ' s ▁flat ▁track ▁roll er ▁der by ▁league ▁based ▁in ▁Og den , ▁Ut ah . ▁F ounded ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁the ▁league ▁consists ▁of ▁a ▁W FT DA ▁ranked ▁travel ▁team ▁( Tra in w re cks ) ▁and ▁a ▁team ▁consisting ▁of ▁new ▁sk aters ▁and ▁other ▁experienced ▁sk aters ▁unable ▁to ▁travel ▁often . ▁J unction ▁City ▁is ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Women ' s ▁Fl at ▁Track ▁Derby |
▁Association ▁( W FT DA ). ▁ ▁History ▁The ▁league ▁was ▁founded ▁in ▁June ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁and ▁had ▁around ▁thirty ▁sk aters ▁by ▁January ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁In ▁October ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁it ▁competed ▁in ▁the ▁Mountain ▁Th row down ▁tournament , ▁finishing ▁second ▁to ▁the ▁Salt ▁City ▁Derby ▁Girls . ▁ ▁J unction ▁City ▁was ▁accepted ▁into ▁the ▁Women ' s ▁Fl at ▁Track ▁Derby ▁Association ▁App rent ice ▁Program ▁in ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁and ▁became ▁a ▁full ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁W FT DA ▁in ▁March ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁ ▁W FT DA ▁rank ings ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : O g den , ▁Ut ah ▁Category : R ol ler ▁der by ▁le agues ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁Category : R ol ler ▁der by ▁le agues ▁in ▁Ut ah ▁Category : W omen ' s ▁Fl at ▁Track ▁Derby ▁Association ▁Division ▁ 3 ▁Category : 2 0 0 8 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Ut ah <0x0A> </s> ▁Be asant ▁or ▁Bes ant ▁ ▁is ▁an ▁English ▁language ▁surname ▁derived ▁from ▁a ▁coin ▁called ▁the ▁by z ant ius ▁which ▁is ▁named ▁after ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁By z ant ium ▁where ▁they ▁were ▁first ▁mint ed . ▁ ▁Because ▁of ▁the ▁circular ▁nature ▁of ▁the ▁co ins ▁the ▁word ▁by z ant ius , ▁or ▁bez ant , ▁as ▁it ▁travel led ▁across ▁Europe , ▁came ▁to ▁mean ▁the ▁' circle ▁or |
▁disk ' ▁represented ▁on ▁a ▁coat ▁of ▁arms ▁( in ▁old ▁French ), ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁a ▁round el . ▁ ▁The ▁Be as ants ▁were ▁garden ers ▁in ▁the ▁King ' s ▁court . ▁ ▁Notable ▁people ▁with ▁the ▁surname ▁Bes ant ▁ ▁An nie ▁Bes ant , ▁prominent ▁The osoph ist , ▁women ' s ▁rights ▁activ ist , ▁writer ▁and ▁or ator . ▁D erek ▁Michael ▁Bes ant , ▁Canadian ▁artist . ▁Henry ▁Bes ant , ▁ven ue ▁manager . ▁M abel ▁Bes ant - Sc ott , ▁English ▁The osoph ist . ▁Sir ▁Walter ▁Bes ant , ▁English ▁novel ist ▁and ▁historian . ▁William ▁Henry ▁Bes ant , ▁British ▁math ematic ian . ▁ ▁Notable ▁people ▁with ▁the ▁surname ▁Be asant ▁Dave ▁Be asant , ▁English ▁football ▁goal keeper . ▁Sam ▁Be asant , ▁English ▁goal keeper . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁Old ▁English ▁( Ang lo - S ax on ) ▁s urn ames ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : English - language ▁s urn ames <0x0A> </s> ▁F onn ere au ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁Claude ▁F onn ere au ▁( 1 6 7 7 – 1 7 4 0 ), ▁a ▁French ▁H ug uen ot ▁refuge e ▁who ▁settled ▁in ▁England ▁and ▁became ▁a ▁prominent ▁merchant ▁Thomas ▁F onn ere au ▁( 1 6 9 9 – 1 7 7 9 ), ▁merchant ▁and ▁politician , ▁son ▁of ▁Claude ▁Zach ary ▁Philip ▁F onn ere au ▁( 1 7 0 6 – 1 7 7 |
8 ), ▁merchant ▁and ▁politician , ▁son ▁of ▁Claude ▁Philip ▁F onn ere au ▁( 1 7 3 9 – 1 7 9 7 ), ▁merchant ▁and ▁politician , ▁son ▁of ▁Zach ary ▁Philip ▁Mart yn ▁F onn ere au ▁( 1 7 4 1 – 1 8 1 7 ), ▁merchant ▁and ▁Director ▁of ▁the ▁Bank ▁of ▁England , ▁son ▁of ▁Zach ary ▁Philip ▁Thomas ▁George ▁F onn ere au ▁( 1 7 8 9 – 1 8 5 0 ), ▁author ▁and ▁artist , ▁grand son ▁of ▁Zach ary ▁Philip <0x0A> </s> ▁This ▁is ▁a ▁list ▁of ▁trans fers ▁in ▁Ser bian ▁football ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 7 – 1 8 ▁summer ▁transfer ▁window . ▁ ▁Mov es ▁featuring ▁Ser bian ▁Super L iga ▁and ▁Ser bian ▁First ▁League ▁sides ▁are ▁listed . ▁ ▁The ▁order ▁by ▁which ▁the ▁clubs ▁are ▁listed ▁is ▁equal ▁to ▁the ▁class ifications ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 6 – 1 7 ▁season . ▁ ▁Ser bian ▁Super L iga ▁ ▁Part iz an ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Red ▁Star ▁Bel grade ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁V oj vod ina ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁M lad ost ▁Lu č ani ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Rad ni č ki ▁Ni š ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Nap red ak ▁Kru š ev ac ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Vo ž d ov ac ▁ ▁In |
: ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁J avor ▁Ivan j ica ▁ ▁In : ▁▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Č uk ari č ki ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Spart ak ▁Sub ot ica ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Rad ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Rad nik ▁Sur d ul ica ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Ba čka ▁B P ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Bor ac ▁Č a č ak ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Ma č va ▁Š ab ac ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Z em un ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Ser bian ▁First ▁League ▁ ▁Metal ac ▁G . ▁M . ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Nov i ▁Paz ar ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁S lob oda ▁U ž ice ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁In đ ija ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Be ž an ija ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Rad ni č ki ▁P iro t ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Jag od ina ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Din amo ▁V ran je ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Sin đ eli ć ▁Be og rad ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Bud u ć nost ▁Dob an ov ci ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Pro le ter ▁Nov i ▁Sad ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Č SK ▁Č |
el are vo ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Tele opt ik ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Tem ni ć ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁Rad ni č ki ▁K rag uje v ac ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁T SC ▁Ba čka ▁Top ola ▁ ▁In : ▁ ▁Out : ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Ser bian ▁Super L iga ▁ 2 0 1 7 – 1 8 ▁Ser bian ▁Super L iga ▁Ser bian ▁First ▁League ▁ 2 0 1 7 – 1 8 ▁Ser bian ▁First ▁League ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Ser bian ▁Super L iga ▁Category : List s ▁of ▁Ser bian ▁football ▁trans fers ▁trans fers <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Scot i ab ank ▁Phot ography ▁Award ▁is ▁a ▁ ▁annual ▁Canadian ▁phot ography ▁award . ▁Two ▁run ners - up ▁each ▁receive ▁. ▁In ▁addition ▁to ▁the ▁c ash ▁prize , ▁the ▁prize ▁consists ▁of ▁a ▁solo - ex hib ition ▁of ▁their ▁work ▁and ▁the ▁publication ▁of ▁a ▁book ▁about ▁the ▁work . ▁It ▁is ▁intended ▁to ▁support ▁a ▁Canadian ▁mid - to - late ▁career ▁l ens - based ▁artists , ▁aim ing ▁to ▁take ▁that ▁career ▁to ▁a ▁higher ▁level ▁of ▁national ▁and ▁international ▁recognition . ▁The ▁award ▁was ▁co - f ounded ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁by ▁Canadian ▁photograph er ▁Edward ▁B urt yn sky ▁and ▁Jane ▁N okes . ▁The ▁long list ▁is ▁announced ▁in ▁January ▁and ▁the ▁short ▁list ▁is ▁announced ▁in ▁March . ▁The ▁winner |
▁is ▁announced ▁in ▁early ▁May ▁during ▁the ▁Scot i ab ank ▁Contact ▁Phot ography ▁Festival . ▁ ▁Re cip ients ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁The ▁Scot i ab ank ▁Phot ography ▁Award ▁ ▁Category : A wards ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁Category : Ph ot ography ▁awards <0x0A> </s> ▁Sto jan ▁I v k ović ▁( ; ▁born ▁February ▁ 5 , ▁ 1 9 6 6 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Mont en egr in ▁professional ▁basketball ▁coach ▁and ▁former ▁player . ▁He ▁currently ▁works ▁as ▁a ▁head ▁coach ▁for ▁the ▁Hung ary ▁national ▁team ▁and ▁as ▁a ▁head ▁coach ▁for ▁the ▁Kap os vá ri ▁K K ▁of ▁the ▁Hung arian ▁First ▁League . ▁ ▁Play ing ▁career ▁I v k ović ▁started ▁his ▁basketball ▁career ▁playing ▁with ▁the ▁youth ▁teams ▁of ▁his ▁h omet own ▁team ▁Kot or . ▁In ▁ 1 9 8 1 , ▁at ▁ 1 5 ▁years ▁of ▁age , ▁he ▁signed ▁a ▁ 5 - year ▁contract ▁with ▁the ▁Bud u ć nost ▁of ▁the ▁Y ug oslav ▁Federal ▁League . ▁Year ▁after ▁he ▁moved ▁to ▁the ▁Rab ot ni č ki ▁from ▁Sk op je ▁where ▁he ▁played ▁the ▁Y ug oslav ▁League ▁until ▁ 1 9 8 7 . ▁In ▁the ▁same ▁year ▁he ▁moved ▁to ▁the ▁Spart ak ▁Sub ot ica ▁where ▁he ▁played ▁for ▁five ▁years . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁he ▁started ▁to ▁play ▁for ▁the ▁Sz ol n oki ▁O la j ▁of |
▁the ▁Hung arian ▁First ▁League . ▁On ▁three ▁occasions , ▁he ▁played ▁in ▁total ▁six ▁years ▁for ▁the ▁Sz ol n oki ▁O la j . ▁In ▁the ▁Hung arian ▁League ▁he ▁also ▁played ▁for ▁the ▁T eg áz ▁Deb rec en , ▁the ▁S op ron i , ▁the ▁Kap os vá ri ▁and ▁for ▁the ▁P éc si ▁VS K - P annon power ▁where ▁he ▁finished ▁his ▁playing ▁career ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 . ▁ ▁Co aching ▁career ▁I v k ović ▁began ▁his ▁co aching ▁career ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁as ▁a ▁player - co ach ▁for ▁the ▁P V SK ▁Pan thers ▁or ▁the ▁Hung arian ▁First ▁League . ▁He ▁worked ▁there ▁until ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁when ▁he ▁took ▁over ▁co aching ▁of ▁the ▁K ec sk em ét i ▁TE . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁he ▁left ▁the ▁K ec sk em ét i ▁TE ▁which ▁changed ▁the ▁name ▁to ▁K TE ▁D una ▁As z f alt ▁due ▁to ▁spons or ship ▁reasons ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁I v k ović ▁became ▁a ▁sports ▁director ▁of ▁the ▁Sz ol n oki ▁O la j . ▁He ▁also ▁co ached ▁the ▁team ▁during ▁ 2 0 1 6 – 2 0 1 7 ▁season . ▁ ▁National ▁teams ▁ ▁Hung ary ▁I v k ović ▁had ▁a ▁st int ▁with ▁Hung ary ▁national ▁team ▁in ▁ 2 |
0 0 7 ▁only ▁for ▁one ▁year . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁he ▁became ▁a ▁head ▁coach ▁of ▁the ▁Hung ary ▁national ▁team ▁for ▁the ▁second ▁time . ▁In ▁the ▁Euro B asket ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁qual ification ▁he ▁managed ▁to ▁qual ify ▁the ▁Hung arian ▁team ▁to ▁the ▁Euro B asket ▁ 2 0 1 7 . ▁It ▁is ▁the ▁second ▁time ▁since ▁ 1 9 6 9 ▁that ▁Hung ary ▁plays ▁on ▁the ▁Euro B asket ▁( the ▁first ▁was ▁ 1 9 9 9 ). ▁ ▁Mont en eg ro ▁In ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁I v k ović ▁became ▁an ▁assistant ▁coach ▁for ▁the ▁Mont en eg ro ▁national ▁team . ▁Lu ka ▁Pav ić e vić ▁became ▁head ▁coach ▁for ▁Mont en eg ro ▁team ▁while ▁I v k ović ▁was ▁named ▁his ▁first ▁assistant . ▁I v k ović ▁had ▁left ▁the ▁staff ▁in ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁when ▁he ▁became ▁a ▁head ▁coach ▁for ▁Hung ary . ▁ ▁Career ▁achiev ements ▁and ▁awards ▁Player ▁Hung arian ▁First ▁League ▁champion : ▁( with ▁Kap os vá ri : ▁ 2 0 0 0 – 0 1 , ▁ 2 0 0 3 – 0 4 ) ▁Hung arian ▁Cup ▁winner : ▁( with ▁Kap os vá ri : ▁ 2 0 0 4 ) ▁Co ach ▁Hung arian ▁First ▁League ▁champion : ▁( with ▁Sz ol n oki ▁O la j : ▁ 2 0 1 5 |
– 1 6 ) ▁Hung arian ▁Second ▁League ▁champion : ▁( with ▁K ec sk em ét i ▁TE - D una ▁As z f alt : ▁ 2 0 1 2 – 1 3 ) ▁Hung arian ▁Cup ▁winner : ▁( with ▁P éc si ▁VS K - P annon power : ▁ 2 0 0 9 ) ▁ ▁Personal ▁life ▁I v k ović ▁in ▁born ▁in ▁Dub rov nik , ▁SR ▁Cro atia , ▁S FR ▁Y ug oslav ia ▁to ▁Mont en egr in – Ser b ▁father ▁and ▁Mont en egr in – C ro at ▁mother . ▁His ▁father ' s ▁origin ▁is ▁from ▁Pr č an j , ▁a ▁small ▁town ▁along ▁the ▁Bay ▁of ▁Kot or ▁in ▁Mont en eg ro . ▁ ▁I v k ović ▁and ▁his ▁wife ▁T í me a ▁Bé res ▁have ▁two ▁sons , ▁Milan ▁and ▁Mark o . ▁T í me a ▁is ▁a ▁Hung arian ▁professional ▁basketball ▁coach ▁and ▁sc out ▁and ▁former ▁player . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Profile ▁at ▁FI BA ▁Europe ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 6 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : K ap os vá ri ▁K K ▁players ▁Category : K K ▁Rab ot ni č ki ▁players ▁Category : K K ▁Spart ak ▁Sub ot ica ▁players ▁Category : Mont en egr in ▁basketball ▁coach es ▁Category : Mont en egr in ▁exp atri ate ▁basketball ▁people ▁in ▁Ser bia ▁Category : Mont en egr |
in ▁men ' s ▁basketball ▁players ▁Category : Mont en egr in ▁people ▁of ▁Cro at ian ▁descent ▁Category : Mont en egr in ▁people ▁of ▁Ser bian ▁descent ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Pr č an j ▁Category : P V SK ▁Pan thers ▁players ▁Category : S op ron i ▁K C ▁players ▁Category : S ports people ▁from ▁Dub rov nik ▁Category : S z ol n oki ▁O la j ▁K K ▁players ▁Category : Y ug oslav ▁men ' s ▁basketball ▁players ▁Category : Cent ers ▁( b asketball ) ▁Category : Power ▁for wards ▁( b asketball ) <0x0A> </s> ▁An ner od ▁is ▁a ▁small ▁village , ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁municipality ▁Fern wald , ▁in ▁Germany ▁between ▁G ie ßen ▁and ▁Gro ßen - B use ck ▁approximately ▁ 7 0 km ▁north ▁of ▁Frankfurt . ▁An ner od ▁has ▁a ▁population ▁of ▁about ▁ 2 8 0 0 ▁people . ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁An ner od ▁at ▁Google ▁maps ▁ ▁Category : V ill ages ▁in ▁H esse ▁Category : Gi essen ▁( d istrict ) ▁Category : M unicip al ities ▁in ▁H esse <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁East ▁Quart z ite ▁Range ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁mountain ▁range , ▁ ▁long , ▁forming ▁a ▁sub ordinate ▁south west ▁unit ▁of ▁the ▁King ▁Range , ▁in ▁the ▁Con cord ▁Mountains ▁of ▁Victoria ▁Land , ▁Ant arct ica . ▁These ▁mountains ▁lie ▁approximately ▁ ▁east ▁of ▁the ▁nearby ▁West ▁Quart z ite ▁Range . ▁It |
▁was ▁named ▁by ▁the ▁Northern ▁Party ▁of ▁the ▁New ▁Zealand ▁Feder ated ▁Mountain ▁Club s ▁Ant ar ctic ▁Ex ped ition ▁ ▁( N Z FM CA E ), ▁ 1 9 6 2 – 6 3 , ▁after ▁the ▁distinct ive ▁ge ological ▁formation ▁of ▁the ▁feature . ▁These ▁top ographical ▁features ▁lie ▁situated ▁on ▁the ▁P enn ell ▁Coast , ▁a ▁portion ▁of ▁Ant arct ica ▁lying ▁between ▁Cape ▁Williams ▁and ▁Cape ▁Ad are . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : Mount ain ▁ranges ▁of ▁Victoria ▁Land ▁Category : P enn ell ▁Coast <0x0A> </s> ▁Reyn ald ▁Se z ne c ▁( born ▁May ▁ 1 1 , ▁ 1 9 5 3 ▁in ▁L aval , ▁May enne , ▁France ) ▁is ▁a ▁French ▁engineer ▁and ▁business man . ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁President ▁and ▁CE O ▁of ▁the ▁Franco - Ital ian ▁company ▁Th ales ▁Al enia ▁Space ▁from ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁succeed ing ▁to ▁P asc ale ▁S our isse ▁in ▁the ▁C annes ▁Mand el ieu ▁Space ▁Center . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Th ales ▁Al enia ▁Space ▁Official ▁Website ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 5 3 ▁birth s ▁Category : É cole ▁Poly te chni que ▁al umn i ▁Category : F rench ▁chief ▁execut ives ▁Category : F rench ▁a eros pace ▁engine ers ▁Category : L iving ▁people <0x0A> </s> ▁{{ Inf obox ▁rugby ▁football ▁league ▁season ▁| ▁title ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁ 1 9 7 |
3 – 7 4 ▁Rugby ▁Football ▁League ▁season ▁| ▁league ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁Northern ▁Rugby ▁Football ▁League ▁| ▁logo ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁pixels ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁ca ption ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁duration ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁no _ of _ te ams ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁attend ance ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁TV ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁ ▁= ▁| ▁season ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁ ▁| ▁season _ ch amps ▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁ ▁S alf ord ▁| ▁season _ ch amp _ name ▁▁ ▁= ▁Champions ▁| ▁league _ le aders ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁league _ le aders _ name ▁= ▁| ▁second _ place ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁premi ership _ win ▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁ ▁W arr ington ▁| ▁premi ership _ win _ name = ▁Club ▁Championship ▁| ▁M VP ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁M VP _ link ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁top _ sc orer ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁ ▁David ▁Wat kins ▁ 4 3 8 ▁| ▁top _ sc orer _ link ▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁top ▁try ▁sc orer ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁ ▁Keith ▁Field ing ▁ 4 9 ▁| ▁top ▁try ▁sc orer _ link ▁= ▁| ▁membership _ type ▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁join ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁join _ method ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁leave ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁leave _ reason ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁promote ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁promoted _ from ▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁re legate ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁re legate _ to ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁lic ence _ period ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁awarded ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁removed ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁season 2 ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁season _ ch amps 2 ▁▁▁▁▁ |
▁= ▁| ▁season _ ch amp _ name 2 ▁ ▁= ▁| ▁league _ le aders 2 ▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁league _ le aders _ name 2 = ▁| ▁second _ place 2 ▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁M VP 2 ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁M VP _ link 2 ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁top _ sc orer 2 ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁top _ sc orer _ link 2 ▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁top ▁try ▁sc orer 2 ▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁top ▁try ▁sc orer _ link 2 = ▁| ▁promote 2 ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁promoted _ from 2 ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁re legate 2 ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁re legate _ to 2 ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁season 3 ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁ ▁| ▁season _ ch amps 3 ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁ ▁| ▁season _ ch amp _ name 3 ▁ ▁= ▁ ▁| ▁league _ le aders 3 ▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁league _ le aders _ name 3 = ▁| ▁second _ place 3 ▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁M VP 3 ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁M VP _ link 3 ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁top _ sc orer 3 ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁top _ sc orer _ link 3 ▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁top ▁try ▁sc orer 3 ▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁top ▁try ▁sc orer _ link 3 = ▁| ▁membership _ type 3 ▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁join 3 ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁join _ method 3 ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁leave 3 ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁leave _ reason 3 ▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁| ▁prev season _ link ▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁ 1 9 7 2 – |
7 3 ▁Northern ▁Rugby ▁Football ▁League ▁season ▁| ▁prev season _ year ▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁ 1 9 7 2 – 7 3 ▁| ▁next season _ link ▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁ 1 9 7 4 – 7 5 ▁Northern ▁Rugby ▁Football ▁League ▁season ▁| ▁next season _ year ▁▁▁▁ ▁= ▁ 1 9 7 4 – 7 5 ▁}} ▁The ▁ 1 9 7 3 – 7 4 ▁Rugby ▁Football ▁League ▁season ''' ▁was ▁the ▁ 7 9 th ▁season ▁of ▁rugby ▁league ▁football . ▁ ▁Season ▁summary ▁▁ 1 9 7 3 - 1 9 7 4 ▁saw ▁two ▁division ▁rugby ▁re - int rodu ced . ▁The ▁Championship ▁play ▁off s ▁were ▁done ▁away ▁with ▁and ▁the ▁league ▁leaders ▁were ▁declared ▁the ▁champions . ▁A ▁" Cl ub ▁Championship " ▁was ▁played ▁in ▁place ▁of ▁the ▁play ▁off s ▁but ▁this ▁was ▁a ▁one - off ▁prec ursor ▁to ▁what ▁became ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁season ▁Prem iers hip . ▁It ▁was ▁a ▁complicated ▁format ▁that ▁involved ▁sides ▁from ▁both ▁divisions . ▁ ▁On ▁ 2 5 ▁April , ▁David ▁Wat kins ▁of ▁S alf ord ▁scored ▁the ▁last ▁of ▁ 9 2 9 ▁points ▁( 4 1 ▁tries , ▁ 4 0 3 ▁goals ) ▁in ▁a ▁record ▁run ▁of ▁scoring ▁in ▁ 9 2 ▁consecutive ▁games ▁for ▁one ▁club . ▁ ▁Keith ▁M um by ▁made ▁his ▁début ▁for ▁Brad ford ▁Northern ▁this ▁season ▁as ▁the ▁club ' s ▁young est ▁ever ▁player , ▁aged ▁ 1 6 . ▁In ▁a |
▁match ▁against ▁Don c aster ▁this ▁season ▁he ▁scored ▁ 1 2 ▁goals ▁and ▁a ▁try . ▁He ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁become ▁the ▁club ' s ▁record ▁appearance ▁holder , ▁playing ▁ 5 7 6 ▁games . ▁ ▁S alf ord ▁won ▁their ▁fifth ▁Championship . ▁Old ham , ▁H ull ▁King ston ▁Ro vers , ▁Le igh ▁and ▁White h aven ▁were ▁dem oted ▁to ▁the ▁Second ▁Division . ▁ ▁The ▁Challenge ▁Cup ▁w inners ▁were ▁W arr ington ▁who ▁beat ▁Fe ather stone ▁Ro vers ▁ 2 4 - 9 ▁in ▁the ▁final . ▁ ▁The ▁Player ' s ▁No . 6 ▁Tro phy ▁w inners ▁were ▁W arr ington ▁who ▁beat ▁Ro ch dale ▁Hor net s ▁ 2 4 - 1 7 ▁in ▁the ▁final . ▁ ▁The ▁Club ▁Championship ▁was ▁won ▁by ▁W arr ington ▁who ▁beat ▁St . ▁Hel ens ▁ 1 3 - 1 2 ▁in ▁the ▁final . ▁ ▁BBC 2 ▁Flo od lit ▁Tro phy ▁w inners ▁were ▁Br am ley ▁ ▁who ▁beat ▁W id nes ▁ 1 5 - 7 ▁in ▁the ▁final . ▁▁ 2 nd ▁Division ▁Champions ▁were : ▁Brad ford ▁Northern , ▁and ▁they ▁York , ▁Ke igh ley ▁and ▁Hal if ax ▁were ▁promoted ▁to ▁the ▁First ▁Division . ▁ ▁W igan ▁beat ▁S alf ord ▁ 1 9 – 9 ▁to ▁win ▁the ▁Lanc ash ire ▁County ▁Cup , ▁and ▁Le eds ▁beat ▁W ake field ▁Tr inity ▁ 7 – 2 ▁to ▁win ▁the ▁York shire |
▁County ▁Cup . ▁ ▁League ▁T ables ▁ ▁Championship ▁ ▁Second ▁Division ▁ ▁Challenge ▁Cup ▁ ▁W arr ington ▁defeated ▁Hud ders field , ▁H uy ton , ▁W igan ▁and ▁D ew s bury ▁to ▁get ▁to ▁the ▁final ▁against ▁Fe ather stone ▁Ro vers . ▁Capt ained ▁by ▁Alex ▁Mur phy , ▁W arr ington ▁beat ▁Fe ather stone ▁Ro vers ▁ 2 4 - 9 ▁in ▁the ▁final ▁played ▁at ▁W emble y ▁in ▁front ▁of ▁a ▁crowd ▁of ▁ 7 7 , 4 0 0 . ▁ ▁This ▁was ▁W arr ington ’ s ▁fourth ▁Cup ▁Final ▁win ▁in ▁ten ▁Final ▁appearances . ▁D erek ▁White head , ▁W arr ington ' s ▁full - back ▁won ▁the ▁L ance ▁Tod d ▁Tro phy ▁for ▁man - of - the - match . ▁ ▁League ▁Cup ▁ ▁K ang ar oo ▁Tour ▁ ▁From ▁September ▁until ▁December ▁also ▁saw ▁the ▁appearance ▁of ▁the ▁Australian ▁team ▁in ▁England ▁on ▁their ▁ 1 9 7 3 ▁K ang ar oo ▁Tour . ▁Other ▁than ▁the ▁three ▁test ▁Ash es ▁series ▁against ▁Great ▁Britain ▁( won ▁ 2 – 1 ▁by ▁Australia ), ▁The ▁K ang aro os ▁played ▁matches ▁against ▁club ▁and ▁county ▁representative ▁sides ▁ ▁The ▁ 1 9 7 8 ▁K ang aro os ▁were ▁captain - co ached ▁by ▁champion ▁St ▁George ▁Drag ons ▁full back ▁Gra eme ▁Lang lands ▁who ▁was ▁making ▁his ▁third ▁tour ▁following ▁from ▁ 1 9 6 3 – 6 4 ▁and ▁ |
1 9 6 7 – 6 8 ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 7 3 ▁in ▁English ▁rugby ▁league ▁Category : 1 9 7 4 ▁in ▁English ▁rugby ▁league ▁Category : N or thern ▁Rugby ▁Football ▁League ▁seasons <0x0A> </s> ▁Nag endra ▁V ij ay ▁( born ▁ 1 5 ▁December ▁ 1 9 4 4 ) ▁is ▁an ▁Indian ▁science ▁writer ▁in ▁Gu jar ati ▁language . ▁He ▁is ▁a ▁son ▁of ▁pione ering ▁journalist ▁and ▁science ▁writer ▁V ij ay gu pta ▁Ma ury a . ▁He ▁founded ▁the ▁first ▁science ▁magazine ▁in ▁Gu jar ati ▁language ▁called ▁S cope ▁and ▁wrote ▁several ▁books . ▁The ▁Nag endra ▁V ij ay ▁Science ▁Foundation ▁also ▁launched ▁the ▁English - language ▁science ▁magazine ▁Safari , ▁on ▁March ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁of ▁which ▁he ▁is ▁the ▁Editor - in - Ch ief . ▁He ▁had ▁previously ▁published ▁news ▁week ly ▁Flash ▁and ▁a ▁ ▁science ▁magazine ▁S cope . ▁He ▁has ▁two ▁sons : ▁V ish al ▁Vas u , ▁an ▁IT ▁consult ant ▁and ▁Har shal ▁P ush kar na , ▁a ▁science ▁author . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : Ind ian ▁science ▁journal ists ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Gu jar ati - language ▁writers ▁Category : Ind ian ▁edit ors ▁Category : 1 9 4 4 ▁birth s <0x0A> </s> ▁Met adata , ▁in ▁the ▁Common ▁Language ▁In frastr ucture ▁( CLI ), ▁refers ▁to ▁certain ▁data ▁structures ▁embedded ▁within ▁the ▁Common ▁Inter mediate ▁Language |
▁( C IL ) ▁code ▁that ▁describes ▁the ▁high - level ▁structure ▁of ▁the ▁code . ▁Met adata ▁describes ▁all ▁classes ▁and ▁class ▁members ▁that ▁are ▁defined ▁in ▁the ▁assembly , ▁and ▁the ▁classes ▁and ▁class ▁members ▁that ▁the ▁current ▁assembly ▁will ▁call ▁from ▁another ▁assembly . ▁The ▁metadata ▁for ▁a ▁method ▁contains ▁the ▁complete ▁description ▁of ▁the ▁method , ▁including ▁the ▁class ▁( and ▁the ▁assembly ▁that ▁contains ▁the ▁class ), ▁the ▁return ▁type ▁and ▁all ▁of ▁the ▁method ▁parameters . ▁▁ ▁A ▁CLI ▁language ▁compiler ▁will ▁generate ▁the ▁metadata ▁and ▁store ▁this ▁in ▁the ▁assembly ▁containing ▁the ▁C IL . ▁When ▁the ▁run - time ▁executes ▁C IL ▁it ▁will ▁check ▁to ▁make ▁sure ▁that ▁the ▁metadata ▁of ▁the ▁called ▁method ▁is ▁the ▁same ▁as ▁the ▁metadata ▁that ▁is ▁stored ▁in ▁the ▁calling ▁method . ▁This ▁ens ures ▁that ▁a ▁method ▁can ▁only ▁be ▁called ▁with ▁exactly ▁the ▁right ▁number ▁of ▁parameters ▁and ▁exactly ▁the ▁right ▁parameter ▁types . ▁ ▁The ▁Windows ▁Runtime ▁application ▁platform , ▁present ▁in ▁Windows ▁ 8 ▁and ▁Windows ▁Phone ▁ 8 , ▁makes ▁use ▁of ▁the ▁CLI ▁metadata ▁format ▁to ▁describe ▁component ▁interfaces ▁for ▁code ▁written ▁in ▁any ▁of ▁the ▁supported ▁programming ▁languages . ▁A ▁difference ▁in ▁use ▁within ▁the ▁Common ▁Language ▁Runtime ▁is ▁that ▁an ▁assembly ▁typically ▁does ▁not ▁contain ▁any ▁C IL ▁instructions . ▁ ▁Att ributes ▁Develop ers ▁can ▁add ▁metadata ▁to ▁their ▁code ▁through ▁attributes . ▁There ▁are ▁two ▁types ▁of ▁attributes , ▁custom ▁and ▁pseudo ▁custom ▁attributes , ▁and ▁to ▁the |
▁developer ▁these ▁have ▁the ▁same ▁syntax . ▁Att ributes ▁in ▁code ▁are ▁messages ▁to ▁the ▁compiler ▁to ▁generate ▁metadata . ▁In ▁C IL , ▁metadata ▁such ▁as ▁inheritance ▁mod ifiers , ▁scope ▁mod ifiers , ▁and ▁almost ▁anything ▁that ▁isn ' t ▁either ▁op codes ▁or ▁streams , ▁are ▁also ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁attributes . ▁▁ ▁A ▁custom ▁attribute ▁is ▁a ▁regular ▁class ▁that ▁inher its ▁from ▁the ▁Attribute ▁class . ▁A ▁custom ▁attribute ▁can ▁be ▁used ▁on ▁any ▁method , ▁property , ▁class ▁or ▁entire ▁assembly ▁with ▁the ▁syntax : ▁[ Attribute Name ( optional ▁parameter , ▁optional ▁name = value ▁pairs )] ▁as ▁in : ▁ ▁[ Custom ] ▁ ▁[ Custom ( 1 )] ▁ ▁[ Custom ( 1 , ▁Comment =" yes ")] ▁ ▁Custom ▁attributes ▁are ▁used ▁by ▁CLI ▁extens ively . ▁Windows ▁Communic ation ▁Framework ▁uses ▁attributes ▁to ▁define ▁service ▁contract s , ▁ASP . NET ▁uses ▁these ▁to ▁expose ▁methods ▁as ▁web ▁services , ▁LINQ ▁to ▁SQL ▁uses ▁them ▁to ▁define ▁the ▁mapping ▁of ▁classes ▁to ▁the ▁underlying ▁rel ational ▁schema , ▁Visual ▁Studio ▁uses ▁them ▁to ▁group ▁together ▁properties ▁of ▁an ▁object , ▁the ▁class ▁developer ▁indicates ▁the ▁category ▁for ▁the ▁object ' s ▁class ▁by ▁applying ▁the ▁[ Category ] ▁custom ▁attribute . ▁Custom ▁attributes ▁are ▁interpreted ▁by ▁application ▁code ▁and ▁not ▁the ▁CL R . ▁When ▁the ▁compiler ▁sees ▁a ▁custom ▁attribute ▁it ▁will ▁generate ▁custom ▁metadata ▁that ▁is ▁not ▁recogn ised ▁by ▁the ▁CL R . ▁The ▁developer ▁has ▁to ▁provide ▁code |
▁to ▁read ▁the ▁metadata ▁and ▁act ▁on ▁it . ▁As ▁an ▁example , ▁the ▁attribute ▁shown ▁in ▁the ▁example ▁can ▁be ▁handled ▁by ▁the ▁code : ▁ ▁class ▁Custom Attribute ▁: ▁Attribute ▁{ ▁▁▁ ▁private ▁int ▁param Number ▁= ▁ 0 ; ▁▁▁ ▁private ▁string ▁comment ▁= ▁""; ▁▁▁▁ ▁public ▁Custom Attribute () ▁{ ▁} ▁▁▁ ▁public ▁Custom Attribute ( int ▁num ) ▁{ ▁param Number ▁= ▁num ; ▁} ▁▁▁▁ ▁public ▁String ▁Comment ▁▁▁ ▁{ ▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁set ▁{ ▁comment ▁= ▁value ; ▁} ▁▁▁ ▁} ▁} ▁ ▁The ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁class ▁is ▁mapped ▁to ▁the ▁attribute ▁name . ▁The ▁Visual ▁C # ▁compiler ▁automatically ▁adds ▁the ▁string ▁" Attribute " ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁any ▁attribute ▁name . ▁ ▁Con sequently , ▁every ▁attribute ▁class ▁name ▁should ▁end ▁with ▁this ▁string , ▁but ▁it ▁is ▁legal ▁to ▁define ▁an ▁attribute ▁without ▁the ▁Attribute - su ff ix . ▁When ▁aff ix ing ▁an ▁attribute ▁to ▁an ▁item , ▁the ▁compiler ▁will ▁look ▁for ▁both ▁the ▁literal ▁name ▁and ▁the ▁name ▁with ▁Attribute ▁added ▁to ▁the ▁end , ▁i . e . ▁if ▁you ▁were ▁to ▁write ▁[ Custom ] ▁the ▁compiler ▁would ▁look ▁for ▁both ▁Custom ▁and ▁Custom Attribute . ▁If ▁both ▁exist , ▁the ▁compiler ▁fails . ▁The ▁attribute ▁can ▁be ▁prefix ed ▁with ▁" @" ▁if ▁you ▁don ' t ▁want ▁to ▁risk ▁ambigu ity , ▁so ▁writing ▁[ @ Custom ] ▁will ▁not ▁match ▁Custom Attribute . ▁Using ▁the ▁attribute ▁inv okes ▁the ▁constructor ▁of ▁the ▁class |
. ▁Over loaded ▁construct ors ▁are ▁supported . ▁Name - Value ▁pairs ▁are ▁mapped ▁to ▁properties , ▁the ▁name ▁denotes ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁property ▁and ▁the ▁value ▁supplied ▁is ▁set ▁by ▁the ▁property . ▁ ▁Sometimes ▁there ▁is ▁ambigu ity ▁concerning ▁to ▁what ▁you ▁are ▁aff ix ing ▁the ▁attribute . ▁Consider ▁the ▁following ▁code : ▁ ▁[ O range ] ▁public ▁int ▁Example Method ( string ▁input ) ▁{ ▁▁▁▁ ▁// method ▁body ▁goes ▁here ▁} ▁ ▁What ▁has ▁been ▁marked ▁as ▁orange ? ▁Is ▁it ▁the ▁Example Method , ▁its ▁return ▁value , ▁or ▁perhaps ▁the ▁entire ▁assembly ? ▁In ▁this ▁case , ▁the ▁compiler ▁will ▁default , ▁and ▁treat ▁the ▁attribute ▁as ▁being ▁aff ixed ▁to ▁the ▁method . ▁If ▁this ▁is ▁not ▁what ▁was ▁intended , ▁or ▁if ▁the ▁author ▁wishes ▁to ▁clarify ▁their ▁code , ▁an ▁attribute ▁target ▁may ▁be ▁specified . ▁Writing ▁[ return : ▁Orange ] ▁will ▁mark ▁the ▁return ▁value ▁as ▁orange , ▁[ assembly : ▁Orange ] ▁will ▁mark ▁the ▁entire ▁assembly . ▁The ▁valid ▁targets ▁are ▁assembly , ▁field , ▁event , ▁method , ▁module , ▁param , ▁property , ▁return ▁and ▁type . ▁ ▁A ▁pseudo - custom ▁attribute ▁is ▁used ▁just ▁like ▁regular ▁custom ▁attributes ▁but ▁they ▁do ▁not ▁have ▁a ▁custom ▁handler ; ▁rather ▁the ▁compiler ▁has ▁intr insic ▁aw aren ess ▁of ▁the ▁attributes ▁and ▁handles ▁the ▁code ▁marked ▁with ▁such ▁attributes ▁differently . ▁ ▁Att ributes ▁such ▁as ▁Serial izable ▁and ▁Ob sole te ▁are ▁implemented ▁as |
▁pseudo - custom ▁attributes . ▁Pse udo - custom ▁attributes ▁should ▁never ▁be ▁used ▁by ▁IL AS M , ▁as ▁it ▁has ▁ade qu ate ▁syntax ▁to ▁describe ▁the ▁metadata . ▁ ▁Met adata ▁storage ▁Ass emb lies ▁contain ▁tables ▁of ▁metadata . ▁These ▁tables ▁are ▁described ▁by ▁the ▁C IL ▁specification . ▁The ▁metadata ▁tables ▁will ▁have ▁zero ▁or ▁more ▁entries ▁and ▁the ▁position ▁of ▁an ▁entry ▁determ ines ▁its ▁index . ▁When ▁C IL ▁code ▁uses ▁metadata ▁it ▁does ▁so ▁through ▁a ▁metadata ▁token . ▁This ▁is ▁a ▁ 3 2 - bit ▁value ▁where ▁the ▁top ▁ 8 ▁bits ▁identify ▁the ▁appropriate ▁metadata ▁table , ▁and ▁the ▁remaining ▁ 2 4 ▁bits ▁give ▁the ▁index ▁of ▁the ▁metadata ▁in ▁the ▁table . ▁The ▁Framework ▁SDK ▁contains ▁a ▁sample ▁called ▁met ain fo ▁that ▁will ▁list ▁the ▁metadata ▁tables ▁in ▁an ▁assembly , ▁however , ▁this ▁information ▁is ▁rarely ▁of ▁use ▁to ▁a ▁developer . ▁Met adata ▁in ▁an ▁assembly ▁may ▁be ▁viewed ▁using ▁the ▁I LD AS M ▁tool ▁provided ▁by ▁the ▁. NET ▁Framework ▁SDK . ▁ ▁Ref lection ▁▁ ▁Ref lection ▁is ▁the ▁API ▁used ▁to ▁read ▁CLI ▁metadata . ▁The ▁reflection ▁API ▁provides ▁a ▁logical ▁view ▁of ▁metadata ▁rather ▁than ▁the ▁literal ▁view ▁provided ▁by ▁tools ▁like ▁met ain fo . ▁Ref lection ▁in ▁version ▁ 1 . 1 ▁of ▁the ▁. NET ▁framework ▁can ▁be ▁used ▁to ▁inspect ▁the ▁descri ptions ▁of ▁classes ▁and ▁their ▁members , ▁and ▁invoke ▁methods . ▁However , ▁it ▁does ▁not |
▁allow ▁runtime ▁access ▁to ▁the ▁C IL ▁for ▁a ▁method . ▁Version ▁ 2 . 0 ▁of ▁the ▁framework ▁allows ▁the ▁C IL ▁for ▁a ▁method ▁to ▁be ▁obtained . ▁ ▁Other ▁metadata ▁tools ▁ ▁Besides ▁the ▁System Ref lection ▁namespace , ▁other ▁tools ▁are ▁also ▁available ▁that ▁can ▁be ▁used ▁to ▁handle ▁metadata . ▁The ▁Microsoft ▁. NET ▁Framework ▁ships ▁a ▁CL R ▁metadata ▁manip ulation ▁library ▁that ▁is ▁implemented ▁in ▁native ▁code . ▁Third - party ▁tools ▁to ▁retrieve ▁and ▁manipulate ▁metadata ▁include ▁Post Sh arp ▁and ▁Mon o ▁Cec il ▁can ▁also ▁be ▁used . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Java ▁annotation ▁ ▁Category : Common ▁Language ▁In frastr ucture <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Cleveland ▁Museum ▁of ▁Natural ▁History ▁is ▁a ▁natural ▁history ▁museum ▁located ▁approximately ▁five ▁miles ▁( 8 km ) ▁east ▁of ▁dow nt own ▁Cleveland , ▁Ohio ▁in ▁University ▁Circle , ▁a ▁ 5 5 0 - acre ▁( 2 2 0 ▁ha ) ▁ ▁concentration ▁of ▁educational , ▁cultural ▁and ▁medical ▁institutions . ▁The ▁museum ▁was ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 0 ▁by ▁C yrus ▁S . ▁E aton ▁to ▁perform ▁research , ▁education ▁and ▁development ▁of ▁collections ▁in ▁the ▁fields ▁of ▁anth rop ology , ▁arch ae ology , ▁astronom y , ▁bot any , ▁ge ology , ▁pale ont ology , ▁wild life ▁bi ology , ▁and ▁zo ology . ▁The ▁museum ▁traces ▁its ▁roots ▁to ▁the ▁Ark , ▁formed ▁in ▁ 1 8 3 6 ▁on ▁Cleveland ' s ▁Public ▁Square ▁by ▁William |
▁Case , ▁the ▁Academy ▁of ▁Natural ▁Science ▁formed ▁by ▁William ▁Case ▁and ▁J ared ▁Pot ter ▁K irt land , ▁and ▁the ▁K irt land ▁Society ▁of ▁Natural ▁History , ▁founded ▁in ▁ 1 8 6 9 ▁and ▁re inv ig or ated ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 2 ▁by ▁the ▁trust ees ▁of ▁the ▁Cleveland ▁Museum ▁of ▁Natural ▁History . ▁ ▁Donald ▁Joh anson ▁was ▁the ▁cur ator ▁of ▁the ▁museum ▁when ▁he ▁discovered ▁" Lu cy ," ▁the ▁ske let al ▁remains ▁of ▁the ▁ancient ▁hom in id ▁Austral op it he cus ▁af ar ensis . ▁The ▁current ▁Cur ator ▁and ▁Head ▁of ▁the ▁Phys ical ▁Anth rop ology ▁Department ▁is ▁Y oh annes ▁Ha ile - S el ass ie . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 2 , ▁the ▁new ▁F ann ye ▁Sh af ran ▁Planet arium ▁was ▁built ▁near ▁the ▁entrance ▁to ▁the ▁museum , ▁containing ▁displays ▁on ▁the ▁plan ets ▁in ▁the ▁Sol ar ▁System , ▁and ▁historical ▁instruments ▁of ▁expl oration , ▁such ▁as ▁comp ass es ▁and ▁ast rol ab es . ▁ ▁Ex hib its ▁ ▁Museum ▁collections ▁total ▁more ▁than ▁four ▁million ▁spec im ens ▁and ▁include ▁spec im ens ▁of ▁pale ont ology , ▁zo ology , ▁arch ae ology , ▁min eral ogy , ▁orn ith ology , ▁and ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁other ▁scientific ▁subjects . ▁ ▁A ▁bel oved ▁full - scale ▁model ▁of ▁a ▁Ste g osa urus ▁on ▁the ▁la wn ▁del ights ▁Cleveland ▁children . |
▁ ▁Some ▁of ▁the ▁more ▁important ▁spec im ens ▁are : ▁An ▁extensive ▁collection ▁of ▁Late ▁Dev onian ▁foss il ▁fish ▁from ▁the ▁Cleveland ▁Sh ale , ▁including ▁several ▁mounted ▁sk ull s ▁of ▁the ▁ar th rod ire ▁pla cod erm ▁D unk le ost eus . ▁N ine ▁hundred ▁mon key ▁and ▁a pe ▁ske let ons , ▁and ▁more ▁than ▁ 3 , 1 0 0 ▁human ▁ske let ons ▁( the ▁Ham ann - T odd ▁Collection ). ▁The ▁only ▁spec imen ▁of ▁the ▁small ▁ty ran n osa ur ▁Nan oty ran n us ▁l anc ensis . ▁The ▁hol ot ype ▁of ▁the ▁H ap loc anth osa urus ▁sau rop od . ▁The ▁most ▁complete ▁mount ▁of ▁a ▁Co el oph ysis ▁ba uri . ▁Mount ed ▁tax id erm y ▁remains ▁of ▁Bal to ▁the ▁s led ▁dog . ▁An ▁extensive ▁min eral ogy ▁collection ▁that ▁includes ▁a ▁Moon ▁rock ▁and ▁the ▁J ep tha ▁W ade ▁gem ▁collection . ▁Rep lica ▁ske let ons ▁of ▁Tr ic er at ops ▁and ▁Jane , ▁a ▁ju ven ile ▁ty ran n osa ur id . ▁Multiple ▁m ast odon ▁and ▁m amm oth ▁spec im ens . ▁A ▁cast ▁of ▁an ▁Austral op it he cus ▁af ar ensis ▁ske leton , ▁an ▁early ▁hom in id ▁affection ately ▁dub bed ▁Lucy . ▁A ▁new ▁Ty ran n osa urus ▁ske leton ▁that ▁is ▁now ▁on ▁display . ▁The ▁museum ' s ▁All osa urus |
▁has ▁been ▁rem ount ed ▁and ▁is ▁on ▁display . ▁A ▁collection ▁of ▁ 3 0 , 0 0 0 ▁plant ▁foss ils ▁acquired ▁from ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁C inc inn ati ▁by ▁former ▁cur ator ▁of ▁pale ob ot any , ▁Sh ya ▁Ch it ale y . ▁ ▁A ▁Fou ca ult ▁p end ul um ▁under ne ath ▁in ▁which ▁the ▁B ic ent enn ial ▁Education ▁Time ▁C aps ule ▁was ▁buried ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁and ▁will ▁be ▁opened ▁in ▁ 2 0 4 6 . ▁ ▁The ▁museum ▁has ▁made ▁many ▁discover ies ▁over ▁the ▁years . ▁Rec ently , ▁in ▁Ver te br ate ▁Pale ont ology , ▁both ▁the ▁remains ▁of ▁a ▁T itan ich th ys ▁in ▁Ohio ▁and ▁a ▁new ▁cer at ops ian , ▁Albert ac er at ops ▁n es mo i , ▁have ▁been ▁made . ▁Both ▁are ▁expected ▁to ▁go ▁on ▁display ▁eventually . ▁ ▁Ham ann - T odd ▁Collection ▁The ▁Ham ann - T odd ▁Collection ▁is ▁a ▁collection ▁of ▁more ▁than ▁ 3 1 0 0 ▁human ▁ske let ons ▁and ▁over ▁ 9 0 0 ▁prim ate ▁ske let ons ▁that ▁were ▁assemble d ▁starting ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 3 . ▁ ▁The ▁collection ▁was ▁originally ▁hous ed ▁at ▁Western ▁Reserve ▁University ▁Medical ▁School ▁in ▁a ▁new ▁medical ▁building ▁that ▁was ▁built ▁for ▁that ▁purpose . ▁ ▁The ▁first ▁floor ▁of ▁this ▁building ▁contained ▁the ▁Ham ann ▁Museum ▁of ▁Compar ative ▁Anth |
rop ology ▁and ▁An atom y . ▁ ▁However , ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁costs ▁of ▁storing ▁the ▁b ones , ▁the ▁collection ▁was ▁transferred ▁to ▁the ▁Cleveland ▁Museum ▁of ▁Natural ▁History . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 9 3 , ▁Carl ▁August ▁Ham ann ▁initi ated ▁the ▁collection . ▁ ▁Its ▁administration ▁was ▁taken ▁over ▁by ▁T . ▁Wing ate ▁Tod d ▁after ▁Ham ann ▁was ▁named ▁de an ▁of ▁Western ▁Reserve ▁University ' s ▁medical ▁school ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 2 . ▁ ▁Tod d ▁managed ▁to ▁assemble ▁the ▁great ▁majority ▁of ▁the ▁human ▁ske let ons ▁in ▁the ▁collection , ▁over ▁ 3 0 0 0 , ▁before ▁his ▁death ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 8 . ▁ ▁Per kins ▁Wild life ▁Center ▁ ▁The ▁Ralph ▁Per kins ▁II ▁Wild life ▁Center ▁and ▁Wood s ▁Garden ▁presented ▁by ▁Key ▁Bank , ▁which ▁includes ▁live ▁animals ▁and ▁plants ▁native ▁to ▁Ohio , ▁opened ▁on ▁September ▁ 3 , ▁ 2 0 1 6 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Cleveland ▁Museum ▁of ▁Natural ▁History ▁ ▁Category : M useum s ▁in ▁Cleveland ▁Category : N atural ▁history ▁museum s ▁in ▁Ohio ▁Category : Univers ity ▁Circle ▁Category : M useum s ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 0 ▁Category : Plan et aria ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : 1 9 2 0 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Ohio ▁Category : Inst itution s ▁acc red ited ▁by ▁the ▁American ▁Alliance ▁of ▁Museum s ▁Category : D in osa ur ▁museum s |
▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : P ale ont ology ▁in ▁Ohio <0x0A> </s> ▁Indones ians ▁in ▁the ▁Philippines ▁consist ▁of ▁exp atri ates ▁and ▁imm igr ants ▁from ▁Indones ia ▁res iding ▁in ▁the ▁Philippines , ▁and ▁their ▁descend ants . ▁Among ▁them ▁were ▁many ▁formerly ▁stat eless ▁people , ▁leg ally ▁called ▁Pers ons ▁of ▁Indones ian ▁descent ▁( P ID ), ▁whom ▁the ▁United ▁Nations ▁and ▁the ▁govern ments ▁of ▁the ▁two ▁countries ▁helped ▁to ▁ac quire ▁citizens hip . ▁ ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁Philippines ▁census , ▁there ▁were ▁ 4 3 , 8 7 1 ▁Indones ians ▁in ▁the ▁Philippines , ▁making ▁them ▁the ▁ 5 th - larg est ▁group ▁of ▁foreign ers ▁in ▁the ▁Philippines . ▁Most ▁res ide ▁in ▁Mind ana o ▁region , ▁especially ▁in ▁D ava o ▁del ▁Sur , ▁D ava o ▁del ▁Norte , ▁D ava o ▁Oriental , ▁Sar ang ani , ▁Sultan ▁K ud ar at , ▁North ▁Cot ab ato , ▁South ▁Cot ab ato , ▁General ▁Santos ▁and ▁D ava o ▁City , ▁although ▁there ▁is ▁also ▁a ▁s izable ▁Indones ian ▁population ▁in ▁Metro ▁Man ila . ▁ ▁As ▁the ▁two ▁countries ▁are ▁neighb ors , ▁there ▁have ▁been ▁many ▁historical ▁migr ations ▁between ▁the ▁islands ▁that ▁today ▁make ▁up ▁their ▁national ▁territ ories , ▁and ▁migr ants ▁from ▁what ▁is ▁today ▁Indones ia ▁helped ▁form ▁many ▁historical ▁dynast ies ▁in ▁the ▁Philippines . ▁ ▁M igration ▁and ▁settlement ▁ ▁An cient |
▁and ▁Islam ic ▁er as ▁ ▁M igr ations ▁between ▁the ▁territ ories ▁that ▁today ▁make ▁up ▁Indones ia ▁and ▁the ▁Philippines ▁were ▁extremely ▁common ▁during ▁the ▁ancient - era . ▁The ▁people ▁of ▁Indones ia ▁are ▁descend ants ▁of ▁a ▁common ▁migration ▁from ▁the ▁Philippines ▁and ▁Taiwan . ▁C ertain ▁tribes , ▁mostly ▁from ▁Sum ater a ▁and ▁Bor neo ▁back - migr ated ▁to ▁the ▁Philippines , ▁particularly ▁to ▁the ▁central ▁and ▁southern ▁parts . ▁According ▁to ▁Vis ay an ▁legend , ▁Sri ▁L um ay , ▁a ▁Mal ay - T amil ▁prince ▁from ▁Sum ater a ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁earliest ▁major ▁sett lers ▁to ▁Vis ay as . ▁He ▁found ▁the ▁Raj ahn ate ▁of ▁C eb u , ▁and ▁his ▁descend ants ▁played ▁a ▁key ▁role ▁in ▁the ▁Spanish ▁con quest ▁of ▁the ▁Philippines . ▁ ▁The ▁Sul u ▁Arch ip el ago ▁was ▁under ▁the ▁juris pr ud ence ▁and ▁sphere ▁of ▁influence ▁of ▁the ▁J avan ese ▁Maj ap ah it ▁Empire . ▁The ▁Lag una ▁Co pper plate ▁Ins cription , ▁the ▁Philippines ' ▁oldest ▁document ▁found , ▁also ▁records ▁interactions ▁between ▁the ▁Class ical ▁Tag alog ▁kingdom s ▁in ▁Lu zon ▁to ▁that ▁of ▁those ▁in ▁modern - day ▁Indones ia . ▁The ▁people ▁of ▁the ▁two ▁countries ▁also ▁spoke ▁the ▁Mal ay ▁language ▁as ▁a ▁ling ua ▁fran ca . ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁Islam ic ▁s ultan ates ▁and ▁states , ▁pre ach ers ▁from ▁Sum atra ▁helped ▁spread ▁Islam |
. ▁Raj ah ▁B agu inda , ▁a ▁Min ang k ab au ▁prince ▁from ▁Sum atra , ▁spread ▁Islam ▁to ▁the ▁people ▁of ▁the ▁Sul u ▁Arch ip el ago . ▁He ▁became ▁a ▁found ing ▁father ▁for ▁the ▁Sultan ate ▁of ▁Sul u . ▁Islam ▁in ▁Mind ana o ▁was ▁also ▁introduced ▁by ▁the ▁T ern ate ans . ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁Spanish ▁colonial ▁era , ▁most ▁if ▁any ▁migr ants ▁or ▁descend ants ▁of ▁migr ants ▁from ▁modern - day ▁Indones ia ▁were ▁assim il ated ▁either ▁into ▁the ▁His pan ized ▁Catholic ▁population ▁or ▁the ▁Mor o ▁Muslim ▁population . ▁For ▁a ▁while , ▁the ▁Spanish ▁had ▁tried ▁to ▁colon ize ▁eastern ▁Indones ia , ▁particularly ▁the ▁Mal u ku ▁Islands , ▁sharing ▁it ▁with ▁the ▁Portuguese . ▁In ▁ 1 6 0 6 , ▁the ▁Spanish ▁conquer ed ▁the ▁T ern ate ▁Sultan ate , ▁deport ing ▁the ▁Sultan ▁and ▁his ▁family ▁to ▁Man ila . ▁The ▁Spanish ▁colon ists ▁shared ▁it ▁with ▁the ▁Dutch , ▁and ▁abandoned ▁it ▁in ▁ 1 6 6 3 . ▁ ▁Modern - day ▁From ▁ 1 9 2 5 ▁to ▁ 1 9 2 6 , ▁famous ▁Indones ian ▁national ▁hero ▁and ▁ex - PK I ▁member ▁Tan ▁Mal aka ▁lived ▁in ▁Man ila . ▁There ▁he ▁became ▁a ▁correspond ent ▁of ▁the ▁national ist ▁newspaper ▁El ▁Deb ate , ▁edited ▁by ▁Francisco ▁Var ona . ▁Public ation ▁of ▁Mal aka ' s ▁works , ▁such ▁as ▁a ▁second ▁edition ▁of |
▁N aar ▁de ▁Repub lie k ▁Indones ia ▁( Dec ember ▁ 1 9 2 5 ) ▁and ▁Sem ang at ▁Mo eda ▁( You ng ▁Spirit ; ▁ 1 9 2 6 ) ▁might ▁have ▁been ▁supported ▁by ▁Var ona . ▁There ▁Mal aka ▁also ▁met ▁Mar iano ▁de ▁los ▁Santos , ▁José ▁Ab ad ▁Santos , ▁and ▁Cris anto ▁Evangel ista . ▁ ▁Some ▁Indones ians , ▁mostly ▁from ▁Sang irs ▁background , ▁came ▁to ▁Mind ana o ▁as ▁early ▁as ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 0 s , ▁sett ling ▁down ▁and ▁married ▁local ▁women . ▁However , ▁the ▁largest ▁infl ux , ▁consisting ▁of ▁fish erm en ▁and ▁pet ty ▁trad ers , ▁began ▁sett ling ▁il leg ally ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 9 8 0 s . ▁They ▁continue ▁to ▁maintain ▁conscious ness ▁of ▁their ▁separate ▁eth nic ▁identity , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁material ▁links ▁with ▁Indones ia . ▁Il legal ▁entry ▁and ▁settlement ▁is ▁easy ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁Philippines ' ▁long ▁coast line ▁and ▁ins u fficient ▁personnel ▁in ▁the ▁Border ▁Cross ing ▁Office . ▁More ▁recently , ▁many ▁of ▁the ▁fish erm en ▁in ▁fact ▁have ▁landing ▁perm its ▁which ▁allow ▁them ▁to ▁move ▁freely ▁around ▁the ▁area ▁where ▁their ▁boats ▁are ▁dock ed . ▁ ▁Reg istration , ▁res iden cy , ▁and ▁rep atri ation ▁As ▁early ▁as ▁ 1 9 9 0 , ▁the ▁Philipp ine ▁government ▁had ▁been ▁attempting ▁to ▁get ▁Indones ians ▁to ▁register ▁with ▁the ▁authorities , ▁holding ▁out |
▁the ▁possibility ▁that ▁they ▁might ▁be ▁granted ▁citizens hip ▁as ▁an ▁in cent ive . ▁However , ▁a ▁survey ▁the ▁next ▁year , ▁which ▁counted ▁ 7 , 2 0 0 ▁Indones ians ▁living ▁il leg ally ▁in ▁the ▁area , ▁found ▁that ▁few ▁wanted ▁to ▁be ▁natural ized ▁in ▁the ▁Philippines , ▁though ▁they ▁hoped ▁to ▁obtain ▁permanent ▁res iden cy ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁regular ize ▁their ▁living ▁situation , ▁while ▁ 3 0 - 3 5 % ▁hoped ▁to ▁be ▁rep atri ated ▁to ▁Indones ia . ▁That ▁survey ▁found ▁the ▁largest ▁community ▁of ▁Indones ians ▁in ▁Sar ang ani ▁province , ▁with ▁others ▁in ▁South ▁Cot ab ato , ▁Sultan ▁K ud ar at , ▁D ava o ▁City , ▁D ava o ▁del ▁Norte , ▁D ava o ▁Oriental , ▁and ▁North ▁Cot ab ato . ▁At ▁that ▁time , ▁they ▁planned ▁to ▁deport ▁ 1 , 7 3 8 ▁of ▁them . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 2 , ▁the ▁Philipp ine ▁government , ▁al ar med ▁by ▁the ▁number ▁of ▁Indones ian ▁national s ▁imp licated ▁in ▁recent ▁J ema ah ▁Is l ami y ah ▁bomb ings ▁in ▁the ▁Philippines , ▁drew ▁up ▁a ▁plan ▁to ▁deport ▁a ▁further ▁ 1 2 , 0 0 0 ▁Indones ians ▁from ▁Mind ana o ; ▁however , ▁the ▁implementation ▁of ▁the ▁plan ▁st alled ▁due ▁to ▁disag re ements ▁between ▁the ▁Philipp ine ▁and ▁Indones ian ▁govern ments ▁over ▁who ▁would ▁pay ▁for ▁it . ▁Indones ians ▁in |
▁the ▁Philippines ▁are ▁often ▁s tere ot yp ed ▁as ▁terror ists ▁as ▁a ▁result . ▁ ▁The ▁milit ants ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁be head ings ▁of ▁Christians ▁were ▁also ▁trained ▁in ▁the ▁southern ▁Philippines . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁and ▁again ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 5 , ▁the ▁Philipp ine ▁government ▁initi ated ▁another ▁survey ▁and ▁registration ▁drive ; ▁that ▁one ▁registered ▁ 2 , 4 4 8 ▁Philipp ine - born ▁Indones ians , ▁including ▁ 2 4 7 ▁in ▁General ▁Santos , ▁ 3 7 1 ▁in ▁G lan - S ar ang ani , ▁ 2 6 5 ▁in ▁D ava o ▁del ▁Sur , ▁ 1 0 8 ▁in ▁D ava o ▁City , ▁ 3 3 9 ▁in ▁Ki amba , ▁T up i ▁and ▁Mal ap atan , ▁another ▁ 2 5 3 ▁in ▁Sar ang ani ▁Island , ▁ 3 4 1 ▁in ▁Is ul an , ▁Sultan ▁K ud ar at ▁and ▁Kid ap aw an , ▁and ▁an ▁additional ▁ 1 5 4 ▁in ▁Sar ang ani ▁and ▁D ava o ▁del ▁Sur . ▁The ▁Indones ian ▁government ▁is ▁also ▁attempting ▁to ▁conv ince ▁them ▁to ▁register ▁with ▁the ▁local ▁Indones ian ▁cons ulate ▁and ▁with ▁the ▁Philipp ine ▁government , ▁and ▁offered ▁to ▁pay ▁their ▁registration ▁fe es ▁for ▁identity ▁documents . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁UN H CR ▁recorded ▁at ▁least ▁ 8 , 7 5 6 ▁registered |
▁Indones ians ▁in ▁Mind ana o ▁are ▁at ▁risk ▁of ▁stat eless ness . ▁A ▁year ▁later , ▁ 6 6 4 ▁stat eless ▁people ▁of ▁Indones ian ▁descent ▁in ▁Mind ana o ▁were ▁granted ▁Philipp ine ▁or ▁Indones ian ▁citizens hip . ▁It ▁was ▁part ▁of ▁a ▁joint ▁program ▁between ▁the ▁Philipp ine ▁government ▁and ▁Indones ian ▁cons ulate ▁in ▁the ▁Philippines ▁to ▁end ▁stat eless ness ▁for ▁people ▁of ▁Indones ian ▁descent ▁living ▁in ▁the ▁country . ▁They ▁were ▁given ▁a ▁choice ▁of ▁either ▁Indones ian ▁or ▁Filip ino ▁citizens hip . ▁Of ▁the ▁ 6 6 4 , ▁ 5 3 6 ▁people ▁were ▁confirmed ▁to ▁have ▁become ▁Filip ino ▁citizens , ▁and ▁ 1 2 8 ▁chose ▁to ▁become ▁Indones ian ▁citizens . ▁As ▁of ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁there ▁are ▁ 8 , 7 4 5 ▁registered ▁P ID s ▁in ▁Southern ▁Philippines , ▁consist ▁of ▁ 3 , 1 5 5 ▁in ▁Sar ang ani , ▁ 2 , 7 7 7 ▁in ▁D ava o ▁Del ▁Sur , ▁ 8 5 9 ▁in ▁General ▁Santos , ▁ 6 8 8 ▁in ▁South ▁Cot ab ato , ▁ 6 7 9 ▁in ▁D ava o ▁Oriental , ▁ 2 7 9 ▁in ▁D ava o ▁City , ▁ 1 7 6 ▁in ▁Sultan ▁K ud ar at , ▁and ▁ 1 3 3 ▁in ▁North ▁Cot ab ato . ▁ ▁Education ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁study ▁conducted ▁by ▁the ▁UN H CR ▁in ▁ 2 |
0 1 2 , ▁more ▁than ▁ 6 , 0 0 0 ▁persons ▁of ▁Indones ian ▁descent ▁in ▁southern ▁Philippines ▁are ▁having ▁problem atic ▁access ▁to ▁education , ▁due ▁to ▁their ▁unclear ▁citizens hip ▁status ▁and ▁pover ty ▁they ▁experienced . ▁ ▁Meanwhile , ▁the ▁Philippines ▁is ▁becoming ▁an ▁increasing ly ▁popular ▁destination ▁for ▁Indones ian ▁international ▁students , ▁both ▁those ▁in ▁short ▁term ▁courses , ▁and ▁those ▁studying ▁for ▁university ▁degrees . ▁English ▁as ▁a ▁foreign ▁language ▁courses ▁are ▁one ▁well - known ▁draw ▁for ▁students ▁from ▁all ▁over ▁Asia , ▁but ▁other ▁subject ▁areas ▁are ▁gain ing ▁in ▁popular ity ▁as ▁well . ▁In ▁particular , ▁flight ▁training ▁courses ▁are ▁much ▁che aper ▁in ▁the ▁Philippines ▁than ▁in ▁Indones ia . ▁The ▁Asian ▁Institute ▁of ▁Management ▁also ▁attract s ▁many ▁Indones ian ▁students . ▁There ▁is ▁also ▁an ▁Indones ian ▁school ▁( with ▁d orm itory ▁for ▁board ing ▁students ) ▁and ▁Indones ian ▁Cultural ▁Center ▁called ▁" H ouse ▁of ▁Indones ia " ▁in ▁D ava o ▁City . ▁ ▁There ▁are ▁also ▁many ▁Indones ians ▁in ▁Metro ▁Man ila , ▁mostly ▁Chinese - Ind ones ian , ▁who ▁are ▁either ▁university ▁students ▁or ▁medical ▁residents ▁( most ly ▁D erm at ology ▁and ▁Ped iat rics ). ▁ ▁Religion ▁ ▁Indones ians ▁in ▁the ▁Philippines ▁res iding ▁in ▁Mind ana o ▁are ▁split ▁between ▁Muslim s ▁and ▁Protest ants , ▁while ▁the ▁majority ▁of ▁them ▁sett le ▁freely ▁with ▁local ▁Filip inos ▁and ▁adopt s ▁local ▁cult ures ▁and |
▁custom s ▁while ▁maintain ing ▁their ▁distinct ▁Indones ian ▁identity ▁at ▁the ▁same ▁time . ▁ ▁Indones ians ▁of ▁Sang ir ese ▁descent ▁are ▁split ▁between ▁Muslim s ▁and ▁Protest ants , ▁while ▁Min ah as an ▁or ▁Chinese ▁descent ▁are ▁mostly ▁Protest ants . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Filip inos ▁in ▁Indones ia ▁Malays ▁in ▁the ▁Philippines ▁Indones ia – Ph ili pp ines ▁relations ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁ ▁Philippines ▁Category : E th nic ▁groups ▁in ▁the ▁Philippines ▁▁ ▁Category : Ind ones ia – Ph ili pp ines ▁relations ▁Category : Mus lim ▁communities ▁of ▁the ▁Philippines <0x0A> </s> ▁Pan ov ka ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁rural ▁local ity ▁( a ▁sel o ) ▁in ▁S lav gor od , ▁Al ta i ▁K rai , ▁Russia . ▁The ▁population ▁was ▁ 1 2 5 ▁as ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁There ▁are ▁ 3 ▁streets . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : R ural ▁local ities ▁in ▁Al ta i ▁K rai <0x0A> </s> ▁My ▁California ▁is ▁the ▁fifth ▁studio ▁album ▁by ▁Beth ▁Hart , ▁released ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁Hart ▁worked ▁with ▁Dan ish ▁producer ▁R une ▁West berg , ▁who ▁had ▁already ▁worked ▁on ▁Beth ' s ▁previous ▁albums ▁ 3 7 ▁Days ▁and ▁Le ave ▁the ▁Light ▁On . ▁West berg ▁challeng ed ▁Hart ▁not ▁to ▁" s cre am ▁with ▁animal ▁sav ag ery ", ▁not ▁to ▁rely ▁on ▁the ▁power ▁of ▁her ▁voice ▁but ▁rather ▁on ▁the ▁power ▁of ▁emot |
ions . ▁This ▁makes ▁My ▁California ▁a ▁unique ▁album ▁in ▁Hart ' s ▁disc ography , ▁with ▁a ▁const ancy ▁throughout ▁the ▁tracks ▁that ▁the ▁fans ▁were ▁not ▁used ▁to ▁with ▁the ▁previous ▁albums . ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁ ▁The ▁European ▁limited ▁edition ▁features ▁an ▁additional ▁ac oust ic ▁bonus ▁track , ▁" Oh ▁Me ▁Oh ▁My ". ▁ ▁Person nel ▁▁ ▁Beth ▁Hart ▁- ▁L yr ics , ▁Key boards , ▁P iano , ▁Str ings , ▁V oc als ▁ ▁R une ▁West berg ▁- ▁Bass , ▁L yr ics , ▁Engine er , ▁Gu itar , ▁Produ cer ▁ ▁David ▁Wol ff ▁- ▁Executive ▁Produ cer , ▁Management ▁ ▁Stephen ▁G alf as ▁- ▁Gu itar , ▁Key boards , ▁Mix ing ▁ ▁Freder ik ▁B ok ken he user ▁- ▁Dr ums ▁ ▁Tim ▁F agan ▁- ▁L yr ics ▁( H app iness ... ▁Any ▁Day ▁Now ) ▁ ▁Jon ▁Nich ols ▁- ▁L yr ics ▁( Every body ▁Is ▁So ber ) ▁ ▁Brian ▁N iel sen ▁- ▁Book ing ▁ ▁Arnold ▁Weg ner ▁- ▁Book ing ▁ ▁Peg gy ▁Se ag ren ▁- ▁H air ▁St y list , ▁Make - Up ▁ ▁B ory ▁Tan ▁- ▁St y list ▁ ▁Greg ▁Wat ermann ▁- ▁Phot ography ▁ ▁Lucy ▁Wat ermann ▁- ▁Design ▁ ▁Scott ▁Gu etz kow ▁- ▁Tour ▁Manager ▁ ▁Sl ash ▁- ▁Gu itar ▁( S ister ▁Hero ine ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 2 0 1 0 ▁albums ▁Category : B |
eth ▁Hart ▁albums <0x0A> </s> ▁Alexand rov ka ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁rural ▁local ity ▁( a ▁village ) ▁in ▁B lag ov esh ch ens ky ▁District , ▁Bash k ort ost an , ▁Russia . ▁The ▁population ▁was ▁ 4 0 ▁as ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : R ural ▁local ities ▁in ▁Bash k ort ost an ▁Category : R ural ▁local ities ▁in ▁B lag ov esh ch ens ky ▁District <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 1 8 th ▁term ▁of ▁the ▁Grand ▁National ▁Assembly ▁of ▁Turkey ▁last ed ▁from ▁ 2 9 ▁November ▁ 1 9 8 7 ▁to ▁ 2 0 ▁October ▁ 1 9 9 1 . ▁There ▁were ▁ 4 5 0 ▁MP s ▁in ▁the ▁parliament . ▁Mother land ▁Party ▁( AN AP ) ▁held ▁the ▁majority . ▁Social ▁Dem ocrat ▁Pop ul ist ▁Party ▁( S HP ) ▁and ▁True ▁Path ▁Party ▁( D Y P ) ▁were ▁the ▁other ▁parties . ▁ ▁Main ▁parliament ary ▁mil est ones ▁ ▁Some ▁of ▁the ▁important ▁events ▁in ▁the ▁history ▁of ▁the ▁parliament ▁are ▁the ▁following : ▁ 2 2 ▁December ▁ 1 9 8 7 ▁– ▁T urg ut ▁Ö z al ▁of ▁AN AP ▁formed ▁the ▁ 4 6 th ▁government ▁of ▁Turkey ▁ 1 0 ▁May ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁– ▁Civil ▁Code ▁am ended ; ▁divor cing ▁became ▁easier . ▁▁ 2 5 ▁September ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁– ▁Refer endum ▁on ▁snap ▁election . |
▁The ▁government al ▁proposal ▁was ▁rejected . ▁ 3 1 ▁October ▁ 1 9 8 9 ▁– ▁T urg ut ▁Ö z al ▁was ▁elected ▁as ▁the ▁ 8 th ▁president ▁of ▁Turkey . ▁ 9 ▁November ▁▁ 1 9 8 9 ▁- ▁Y ı ld ı r ı m ▁Ak bul ut ▁of ▁AN AP ▁formed ▁the ▁ 4 7 th ▁government ▁of ▁Turkey . ▁ 7 ▁June ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁– ▁A ▁group ▁of ▁MP s ▁from ▁S HP ▁res igned ▁from ▁the ▁party ▁and ▁formed ▁People ' s ▁Labor ▁Party ▁( HE P ). ▁ 2 3 ▁June ▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁- ▁Mes ut ▁Y ı l maz ▁ ▁of ▁AN AP ▁formed ▁the ▁ 4 8 th ▁government ▁of ▁Turkey . ▁▁ 2 0 ▁October ▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁- ▁General ▁election ▁held . ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁members ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 8 7 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Turkey ▁Category : 1 9 9 1 ▁dis est ab lish ments ▁in ▁Turkey ▁Category : Term s ▁of ▁Grand ▁National ▁Assembly ▁of ▁Turkey ▁Category : 1 8 th ▁parliament ▁of ▁Turkey ▁Category : So cial ▁Democratic ▁Pop ul ist ▁Party ▁( T ur key ) ▁Category : D em ocrat ▁Party ▁( T ur key , ▁current ) ▁Category : M other land ▁Party ▁( T ur key ) ▁Category : Pol it ical ▁history ▁of ▁Turkey <0x0A> </s> ▁Ż eb ry - Id ź ki ▁ ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁the ▁administrative |
▁district ▁of ▁G mina ▁Cz ern ice ▁Bor owe , ▁within ▁Prz as n ysz ▁County , ▁Mas ov ian ▁Vo iv odes hip , ▁in ▁east - central ▁Poland . ▁It ▁lies ▁approximately ▁ ▁north - west ▁of ▁Cz ern ice ▁Bor owe , ▁ ▁west ▁of ▁Prz as n ysz , ▁and ▁ ▁north ▁of ▁Wars aw . ▁ ▁The ▁village ▁has ▁a ▁population ▁of ▁ 9 0 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : V ill ages ▁in ▁Prz as n ysz ▁County <0x0A> </s> ▁Richard ▁Le ving e ▁( 1 7 2 4 ▁– ▁April ▁ 1 7 8 3 ) ▁was ▁an ▁Irish ▁politician ▁from ▁. ▁ ▁He ▁sat ▁in ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Commons ▁of ▁Ireland ▁from ▁ 1 7 6 6 ▁to ▁ 1 7 7 6 ▁as ▁a ▁member ▁for ▁D ule ek . ▁ ▁References ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 7 2 4 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 7 8 3 ▁death s ▁Category : I r ish ▁MP s ▁ 1 7 6 1 – 1 7 6 8 ▁Category : I r ish ▁MP s ▁ 1 7 6 9 – 1 7 7 6 ▁Category : M embers ▁of ▁the ▁Parliament ▁of ▁Ireland ▁( pre - 1 8 0 1 ) ▁for ▁County ▁Me ath ▁constitu encies <0x0A> </s> ▁Jacob ▁Math am ▁( 1 5 ▁October ▁ 1 5 7 1 ▁– ▁ 2 0 ▁January ▁ 1 6 3 1 ), ▁of ▁H aar lem , ▁was ▁a ▁famous ▁eng ra ver ▁and |
▁pen - d raft s man . ▁ ▁Biography ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁steps on ▁and ▁pup il ▁of ▁painter ▁and ▁draft s man ▁Hend rik ▁G olt z ius , ▁and ▁brother - in - law ▁to ▁eng ra ver ▁Simon ▁van ▁Po elen burgh , ▁having ▁married ▁his ▁sister , ▁Mar ij t gen . ▁ ▁He ▁made ▁several ▁eng rav ings ▁after ▁the ▁paint ings ▁of ▁Peter ▁Paul ▁Rub ens ▁from ▁ 1 6 1 1 - 1 6 1 5 , ▁and ▁also ▁a ▁series ▁after ▁the ▁work ▁of ▁Pi eter ▁A ert sen . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 6 1 3 , ▁eng ra ver ▁Jan ▁van ▁de ▁Vel de ▁was ▁app r entic ed ▁to ▁him . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁father ▁of ▁Jan , ▁The odor ▁and ▁Ad ria en ▁Math am , ▁the ▁latter ▁of ▁whom ▁was ▁a ▁notable ▁eng ra ver ▁in ▁his ▁own ▁right . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁V erme er ▁and ▁The ▁Del ft ▁School , ▁a ▁full ▁text ▁exhibition ▁catalog ▁from ▁The ▁Metropolitan ▁Museum ▁of ▁Art , ▁which ▁contains ▁material ▁on ▁Jacob ▁Math am ▁ ▁Category : 1 5 7 1 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 6 3 1 ▁death s ▁Category : D utch ▁Golden ▁Age ▁print m akers ▁Category : Art ists ▁from ▁H aar lem ▁Category : R ena issance ▁eng ra vers ▁Category : M embers ▁of ▁the ▁H aar lem ▁Gu ild ▁of ▁Saint ▁Luke <0x0A> </s> ▁Cl as ▁R agn ar ▁Lind |
berg ▁( born ▁ 2 4 ▁August ▁ 1 9 5 6 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Swedish ▁director ▁and ▁screen writer . ▁Lind berg ▁studied ▁at ▁D ram at iska ▁Institut et ▁in ▁Stockholm . ▁He ▁won ▁the ▁award ▁for ▁Best ▁Screen play ▁for ▁the ▁film ▁Under ground ▁Sec rets ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 7 th ▁Gul db ag ge ▁Awards . ▁At ▁the ▁ 2 9 th ▁Gul db ag ge ▁Awards ▁he ▁won ▁the ▁award ▁for ▁Best ▁Director ▁for ▁the ▁film ▁The ▁Ferr is ▁W heel . ▁ ▁D irection ▁▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁– ▁Far v äl ▁▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁– ▁Don ' t ▁Cry ▁Wolf ▁▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁– ▁P appa ▁pol is ▁▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁– ▁P ip - Lar ss ons ▁▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁– ▁Min ▁v än ▁she j ken ▁i ▁St ure by ▁▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁– ▁Att ▁st j ä la ▁en ▁t j uv ▁▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁– ▁Under ground ▁Sec rets ▁ ▁Screen writing ▁▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁– ▁Don ' t ▁Cry ▁Wolf ▁▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁– ▁Att ▁st j ä la ▁en ▁t j uv ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : S wed ish ▁screen writ ers ▁Category : M ale ▁screen writ ers ▁Category : S wed ish ▁male ▁writers ▁Category : S wed ish ▁film ▁direct ors ▁Category : 1 9 5 6 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category |
: Best ▁Director ▁Gul db ag ge ▁Award ▁w inners ▁Category : Best ▁Screen play ▁Gul db ag ge ▁Award ▁w inners ▁Category : D ram at iska ▁Institut et ▁al umn i <0x0A> </s> ▁Ray ▁He ath erton ▁( J une ▁ 1 , ▁ 1 9 0 9 – ▁August ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 1 9 9 7 ) ▁was ▁an ▁American ▁singer , ▁Broadway ▁musical ▁theatre ▁perform er , ▁and ▁a ▁popular ▁New ▁York ▁television ▁person ality ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁days ▁of ▁the ▁medium . ▁ ▁Early ▁career ▁Ray ▁He ath erton ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁sub urb ▁of ▁Orange , ▁New ▁Jersey ▁( some ▁sources ▁indicate ▁Jersey ▁City ) ▁and ▁was ▁first ▁introduced ▁to ▁music ▁upon ▁joining ▁a ▁boys ' ▁cho ir ▁at ▁his ▁church . ▁He ▁sang ▁with ▁the ▁cho ir ▁until ▁his ▁family ▁moved ▁to ▁another ▁of ▁the ▁city ' s ▁sub ur bs , ▁the ▁Long ▁Island ▁village ▁of ▁Flor al ▁Park . ▁ ▁During ▁his ▁high ▁school ▁years , ▁he ▁continued ▁to ▁find ▁out lets ▁for ▁his ▁singing ▁tal ents , ▁performing ▁with ▁bands ▁at ▁various ▁local ▁functions ▁and ▁winning ▁a ▁radio ▁talent ▁contest ▁spons ored ▁by ▁the ▁manufact urer ▁of ▁radio ▁sets , ▁At water ▁Kent . ▁His ▁first ▁appearance ▁on ▁Broadway ▁was ▁in ▁The ▁G arr ick ▁G ai eties , ▁a ▁rev ue ▁which ▁opened ▁at ▁the ▁Gu ild ▁Theatre ▁on ▁June ▁ 4 , ▁ 1 9 3 0 , ▁three ▁days ▁after ▁his ▁ 2 |
1 st ▁birth day . ▁During ▁this ▁time , ▁He ath erton ▁also ▁attended ▁Columbia ▁University . ▁▁▁ ▁Short ly ▁after ward , ▁Ray ▁He ath erton ' s ▁singing ▁tal ents ▁came ▁to ▁the ▁attention ▁of ▁the ▁era ' s ▁best - known ▁radio ▁band le ader - song writer , ▁Paul ▁Wh item an . ▁ ▁Wh item an ▁h ired ▁the ▁young ▁man ▁to ▁become ▁a ▁featured ▁vocal ist ▁on ▁his ▁ 1 9 2 9 – 3 0 ▁CBS ▁radio ▁program ▁The ▁Old ▁Gold ▁H our . ▁He ath erton ▁continued ▁to ▁sing ▁on ▁the ▁show , ▁while ▁also ▁performing ▁in ▁the ▁musical ▁Mid night ▁Fro lic s ▁at ▁Broadway ' s ▁New ▁Amsterdam ▁Theatre . ▁▁ ▁Following ▁his ▁father ' s ▁death ▁during ▁the ▁De pression , ▁he ▁was ▁tempor arily ▁forced ▁to ▁leave ▁ ▁show ▁business ▁to ▁work ▁for ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁Tele phone ▁Company . ▁ ▁His ▁affection ▁for ▁performing , ▁however , ▁inspired ▁him ▁to ▁continue ▁aud ition ing ▁for ▁radio ▁assign ments ▁and ▁he ▁was , ▁eventually , ▁able ▁to ▁return ▁as ▁a ▁singer ▁on ▁numerous ▁radio ▁musical ▁variety ▁series ▁and ▁also ▁found ▁opportun ities ▁to ▁perform ▁in ▁night cl ubs ▁and ▁the ater . ▁In ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 3 0 s , ▁he ▁became ▁a ▁band le ader ▁with ▁his ▁own ▁or chestra ▁which ▁made ▁record ings ▁and ▁performed ▁at ▁New ▁York ' s ▁B ilt more ▁Hotel . ▁ ▁Broadway ▁shows , ▁record ings ▁and ▁pre – World ▁War ▁II |
▁television ▁ ▁He ath erton ▁appeared ▁in ▁the ▁musical s ▁An ni versary ▁W alt z , ▁The ▁Des ert ▁Song ▁and ▁Bab es ▁in ▁Ar ms , ▁where ▁he ▁played ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁Val ▁La Mar ▁the ▁character ▁about ▁whom ▁ ▁" My ▁Fun ny ▁Valent ine " ▁was ▁s ung . ▁▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 3 8 ▁He ath erton ▁recorded ▁two ▁disc s ▁of ▁songs ▁for ▁children ▁on ▁the ▁De cca ▁label , ▁and ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 9 ▁twice ▁performed ▁on ▁the ▁then - ex perimental ▁medium ▁of ▁television , ▁appearing ▁on ▁N BC ' s ▁New ▁York ▁station ▁W 2 X BS ▁( now ▁W N BC ) ▁in ▁Gilbert ▁and ▁S ull ivan ' s ▁Pir ates ▁of ▁P enz ance ▁( as ▁Freder ic ) ▁and ▁H . M . S . ▁P ina fore ▁( as ▁Ralph ▁R ack st raw ). ▁ ▁Single ▁film ▁appearance ▁and ▁war ▁service ▁in ▁the ▁Mar ines ▁As ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁arrived , ▁He ath erton ' s ▁career ▁in ▁the ▁entertain ment ▁field ▁was ▁interrupted ▁by ▁service ▁in ▁the ▁U . S . ▁Marine ▁Corps . ▁Before ▁leaving , ▁he ▁made ▁his ▁only ▁film ▁appearance , ▁performing ▁a ▁song ▁and ▁a ▁few ▁lines ▁of ▁dialog ue ▁in ▁ ▁P RC ' s ▁musical ▁Fol lies ▁Girl ▁( 1 9 4 3 ). ▁ ▁He ath erton ▁was ▁commission ed ▁and ▁rose ▁to ▁the ▁rank ▁of ▁Captain ▁where ▁he ▁served ▁as ▁Special ▁Services ▁officer ▁of ▁the ▁ |
9 th ▁Marine ▁A ircraft ▁Wing ▁at ▁Marine ▁Corps ▁Air ▁Station ▁Cher ry ▁Point ▁North ▁Carolina ▁ ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁Gu am ▁and ▁Ok ina wa . ▁ ▁Early ▁television ▁and ▁The ▁Mer ry ▁Mail man ▁Return ing ▁from ▁the ▁service , ▁he ▁worked ▁in ▁radio ▁and ▁began ▁his ▁full - time ▁television ▁career ▁as ▁the ▁host , ▁perform er ▁and ▁inter v iewer ▁of ▁He ath erton ▁House , ▁a ▁week day - mor ning ▁talk / vari ety ▁series . ▁He ath erton ▁House ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁day time ▁programs ▁on ▁ABC ' s ▁newly ▁opened ▁New ▁York ▁flags hip ▁station ▁W J Z ▁( now ▁W ABC ), ▁Channel ▁ 7 . ▁The ▁minor ▁local - TV ▁assignment , ▁which ▁was ▁not ▁shown ▁on ▁the ▁fled g ling ▁network ' s ▁other ▁stations , ▁only ▁last ed ▁from ▁April ▁to ▁June ▁ 1 9 4 9 . ▁▁ ▁He ath erton ' s ▁next ▁TV ▁series , ▁however , ▁was ▁a ▁more ▁successful ▁ende avor . ▁ ▁In ▁October ▁ 1 9 4 9 , ▁independent ▁station ▁W OR ▁Channel ▁ 9 , ▁the ▁last ▁of ▁New ▁York ' s ▁seven ▁V H F ▁TV ▁out lets , ▁signed ▁on ▁the ▁air . ▁ ▁Station ▁execut ives ▁decided ▁that ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁new ▁vent ure ' s ▁first ▁show cases ▁should ▁be ▁a ▁quality ▁children ' s ▁program , ▁and ▁contact ed ▁He ath erton ▁to ▁aud ition ▁as ▁the ▁host ▁of ▁a ▁show ▁that ▁would ▁appeal ▁to |
▁the ▁younger ▁TV ▁view ers . ▁ ▁The ▁successful ▁aud ition ▁launched ▁the ▁long - running ▁show ▁that ▁he ▁created ▁and ▁sh aped ▁with ▁radio ▁and ▁TV ▁producer - direct or ▁( and ▁future ▁major ▁film ▁producer ) ▁Sand y ▁Howard . ▁ ▁The ▁Mer ry ▁Mail man , ▁based ▁upon ▁a ▁character ▁performed ▁by ▁He ath erton ▁on ▁one ▁of ▁his ▁ 1 9 3 8 ▁children ' s ▁records , ▁deb uted ▁on ▁W OR - TV ▁Monday ▁evening , ▁October ▁ 1 6 , ▁ 1 9 5 0 . ▁▁ ▁Every ▁week day ▁afternoon ▁and ▁evening , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁on ▁Saturday ▁af tern o ons , ▁Ray ▁He ath erton ▁and ▁his ▁comedy ▁assist ants ▁Ch ick ▁D arrow , ▁who ▁played ▁" The ▁Top sey - T ur vey ▁Au ction e er ", ▁and ▁M ilt ▁M oss , ▁would ▁entertain ▁and ▁inform ▁their ▁studio ▁aud ien ces ▁and ▁k ids ▁at ▁home ▁with ▁games , ▁songs , ▁stories , ▁craft making , ▁h obb ies , ▁comedy , ▁pu ppet ▁sk its , ▁magic ▁tr icks , ▁inter views ▁with ▁guest ▁perform ers ▁and ▁personal ities , ▁and ▁inform ational ▁segments . ▁As ▁with ▁virt ually ▁all ▁children ' s ▁shows ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 5 0 s ▁and ▁ 6 0 s , ▁the ▁format ▁was ▁struct ured ▁so ▁that ▁the ▁live ▁segments ▁were ▁inter sp ers ed ▁with ▁cart o ons — in ▁this ▁case , ▁primarily ▁the ▁the atr ical ▁Terry |
to ons ▁and ▁the ▁first ▁made - for - TV ▁animated ▁series ▁Cr us ader ▁Rab bit . ▁At ▁the ▁same ▁time , ▁He ath erton ▁hosted ▁other ▁radio ▁and ▁TV ▁series , ▁including ▁a ▁radio ▁edition ▁of ▁The ▁Mer ry ▁Mail man ▁which ▁was ▁heard ▁on ▁the ▁Mut ual ▁Radio ▁Network ▁Monday , ▁Wed nes day ▁and ▁Friday ▁even ings , ▁and ▁Saturday ▁and ▁Sunday ▁af tern o ons ▁from ▁ 1 9 5 3 ▁to ▁ 1 9 5 5 . ▁ ▁He ath erton ' s ▁gentle ▁person ality ▁and ▁pleasant ▁singing ▁voice ▁and ▁ende aring ly ▁cheer ful ▁and ▁re ass uring ▁de mean or ▁made ▁him ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁bel oved ▁and ▁recogn izable ▁regional ▁personal ities . ▁ ▁Career ▁set back ▁and ▁continued ▁work ▁In ▁late ▁ 1 9 5 5 , ▁Ray ▁He ath erton ▁fell ▁victim ▁to ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁excess es ▁of ▁the ▁Cold ▁War ▁era . ▁A ▁number ▁of ▁innoc ent ▁perform ers ▁were ▁accused ▁of ▁Commun ist ▁affili ations ▁and ▁lost ▁their ▁care ers . ▁Un f ounded ▁public ▁accus ations ▁of ▁that ▁nature ▁were ▁aim ed ▁at ▁He ath erton ▁by ▁an ▁individual ▁from ▁Up state ▁New ▁York , ▁resulting ▁in ▁the ▁loss ▁of ▁spons ors ▁and ▁bad ▁public ity ▁for ▁the ▁station . ▁W OR ▁execut ives ▁accepted ▁He ath erton ' s ▁word ▁that ▁the ▁alleg ations ▁were ▁false ▁and ▁tried ▁to ▁keep ▁The ▁Mer ry ▁Mail man ▁on ▁the ▁air ▁as ▁a ▁station - s ust ained |
▁program . ▁It ▁was ▁not ▁enough , ▁however , ▁and ▁The ▁Mer ry ▁Mail man ▁broadcast ▁its ▁final ▁show ▁on ▁Friday , ▁June ▁ 2 2 , ▁ 1 9 5 6 .( Info ▁about ▁Mr . ▁He ath erton ▁hosting ▁The ▁W OR ▁TV ▁Ch . 9 ▁NY C ▁edition ▁of ▁" The ▁Mer ry ▁Mail man " can ▁be ▁found ▁in ▁The ▁NY C ▁K ids ▁Sh ows ▁Round ▁Up ▁section ▁of " TV ▁Party . Com ") ▁ ▁He ath erton ▁was ▁able ▁to ▁clear ▁his ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁def am ation ▁and ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁host ▁two ▁more ▁programs ▁for ▁W OR - TV : ▁The ▁Ray ▁He ath erton ▁Theater , ▁a ▁combination ▁live - action ▁and ▁film ▁musical ▁anth ology ▁series ▁for ▁te ens ; ▁and ▁The ▁Cart oon ▁Par ade , ▁both ▁of ▁which ▁were ▁seen ▁during ▁the ▁remainder ▁of ▁the ▁station ' s ▁ 1 9 5 6 ▁season . ▁ ▁He ▁remained ▁on ▁the ▁air ▁for ▁another ▁year - and - a - half , ▁but ▁no ▁longer ▁had ▁a ▁daily ▁ven ue — start ing ▁Saturday - S und ay , ▁September ▁ 8 – 9 , ▁ 1 9 5 6 ▁until ▁Sunday , ▁April ▁ 1 3 , ▁ 1 9 5 8 , ▁he ▁served ▁as ▁the ▁" se a ▁captain " ▁host - perform er ▁on ▁the ▁week end ▁evening ▁edition ▁of ▁The ▁Pope ye ▁Show ▁on ▁another ▁New ▁York ▁independent ▁station , ▁W PI X ▁Channel ▁ 1 |
1 ▁which , ▁along ▁with ▁another ▁New ▁York ▁independent , ▁W NEW ▁Channel ▁ 5 ▁was , ▁during ▁the ▁ 1 9 5 0 s ▁and ▁ 6 0 s , ▁the ▁station ▁with ▁the ▁greatest ▁number ▁of ▁" k idd ie ▁shows " ▁on ▁its ▁broadcast ▁schedule . ▁At ▁this ▁point , ▁he ▁left ▁television ▁for ▁three ▁years ▁and , ▁between ▁ 1 9 5 8 ▁and ▁ 1 9 6 1 , ▁drawing ▁on ▁his ▁public ▁recognition ▁and ▁good ▁will ▁he ▁had ▁eng ender ed ▁over ▁the ▁years , ▁was ▁able ▁to ▁launch ▁a ▁new ▁career ▁as ▁head ▁of ▁public ▁relations ▁for ▁Franklin ▁National ▁and ▁European ▁American ▁B anks . ▁▁ 1 9 6 0 s ▁and ▁the ▁return ▁of ▁The ▁Mer ry ▁Mail man ▁He ath erton ▁returned ▁to ▁television ▁and ▁radio ▁work ▁three ▁more ▁times ▁during ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 0 s , ▁ 7 0 s ▁and ▁ 8 0 s . ▁On ▁Monday , ▁September ▁ 2 5 , ▁ 1 9 6 1 , ▁The ▁Mer ry ▁Mail man ▁once ▁again ▁became ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁lives ▁of ▁children ▁in ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁broadcast ▁area . ▁W PI X , ▁Channel ▁ 1 1 ▁broadcast ▁The ▁Mer ry ▁Mail man ' s ▁Fun house ▁week day ▁af tern o ons ▁during ▁the ▁no on - 1 2 : 4 5 ▁period ▁when ▁many ▁school k ids ▁came ▁home ▁for ▁l unch . ▁However , ▁the ▁series ▁fell ▁pre y ▁to ▁cre ative ▁disag re |
ements ▁within ▁station ▁management , ▁and ▁The ▁Fun house ▁went ▁off ▁the ▁air ▁on ▁Friday , ▁May ▁ 3 1 , ▁ 1 9 6 3 . ▁▁▁ ▁During ▁this ▁time , ▁He ath erton ▁appeared ▁at ▁many ▁New ▁York ▁area ▁ven ues , ▁including ▁Fre edom land ▁U . S . A . ▁in ▁The ▁Bron x , ▁to ▁meet ▁and ▁entertain ▁children . ▁He ▁appeared ▁at ▁Fre edom land ▁during ▁ 1 9 6 2 . ▁Ch ick ▁D arrow ▁also ▁appeared ▁at ▁the ▁park ▁on ▁numerous ▁occasions . ▁Both ▁are ▁mentioned ▁in ▁the ▁book ▁Fre edom land ▁U . S . A .: ▁The ▁Def init ive ▁History ▁( Theme ▁Park ▁Press , ▁ 2 0 1 9 ). ▁ ▁Following ▁inter mitt ent ▁job ▁opportun ities , ▁He ath erton ▁returned ▁to ▁radio ▁in ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 6 0 s ▁as ▁the ▁host / perform er ▁and ▁inter v iewer ▁of ▁the ▁nation ally ▁synd ic ated ▁talk / vari ety ▁program ▁Ray ▁He ath erton ' s ▁Break fast ▁Club . ▁ ▁Family , ▁later ▁work , ▁ill ness , ▁and ▁death ▁Ray ▁He ath erton ▁married ▁D aven ie ▁Ross ▁Watson ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 1 ▁and ▁their ▁ 4 6 - year ▁marriage ▁last ed ▁until ▁her ▁death ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 7 . ▁Their ▁two ▁children , ▁Dick ▁and ▁D aven ie ▁Johann a ▁( Jo ey ), ▁both ▁made ▁their ▁care ers ▁in ▁show ▁business — D ick ▁as ▁a |
▁perform er / direct or / cons ult ant ▁and ▁Jo ey ▁as ▁an ▁actress , ▁singer ▁and ▁dan cer , ▁who ▁became ▁a ▁major ▁television ▁star ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 0 s . ▁ ▁Ray ▁is ▁also ▁grand father ▁to ▁D ana ▁F uj iko ▁He ath erton ▁who ▁is ▁ 2 0 0 9 - 2 0 1 0 ▁N ise i ▁Week ▁Queen ▁for ▁Los ▁Angeles . ▁ ▁In ▁July ▁ 1 9 7 5 , ▁Ray ▁and ▁Jo ey ▁had ▁a ▁brief ▁moment ▁of ▁network ▁glory ▁with ▁their ▁own ▁CBS - TV ▁variety ▁program , ▁Jo ey ▁and ▁D ad . ▁Times ▁had ▁changed ▁and ▁variety ▁shows , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁Jo ey ' s ▁once - hot ▁career ▁fell ▁victim ▁to ▁changing ▁t ast es , ▁while ▁Ray ▁was ▁seen ▁on ▁TV ▁at ▁the ▁time ▁as ▁the ▁commercial ▁sp okes man ▁for ▁Trop icana ▁Orange ▁Ju ice . ▁ ▁However , ▁for ▁four ▁weeks , ▁July ▁ 6 – 2 7 , ▁they ▁were ▁the ▁stars ▁of ▁the ▁Sunday ▁ 7 : 3 0 - 8 : 3 0 p . m . ▁summer ▁replacement ▁for ▁Cher ' s ▁variety ▁hour . ▁Com edy ▁perform ers ▁Pat ▁Paul sen , ▁Hen ny ▁Young man ▁and ▁Bob ▁Ein stein ▁were ▁supporting ▁regular s ▁and , ▁by ▁summer - show ▁standards , ▁the ▁program ▁received ▁relatively ▁good ▁not ices ▁and ▁ratings . ▁In ▁a ▁nost alg ic ▁moment ▁on ▁the ▁first ▁show , ▁Ray ▁put ▁on ▁the |
▁old ▁Mer ry ▁Mail man ▁uniform ▁and ▁performed ▁his ▁familiar ▁" I ▁Am ▁the ▁Mer ry ▁Mail man " ▁theme ▁song . ▁ ▁He ath erton ' s ▁last ▁regular ▁TV ▁series ▁was ▁another ▁talk / vari ety ▁show , ▁this ▁time ▁aim ed ▁at ▁" m ature " ▁adult s ▁and ▁senior ▁citizens , ▁A ▁New ▁Day ' s ▁Daw ning . ▁The ▁series ▁was ▁seen ▁locally ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁on ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁Board ▁of ▁Education ' s ▁TV ▁station ▁W N Y E ▁Channel ▁ 2 5 ▁and ▁in ▁national ▁synd ic ation ▁between ▁ 1 9 8 3 ▁and ▁ 1 9 8 5 . ▁Dick ▁He ath erton ▁who , ▁from ▁the ▁mid - 1 9 7 0 s ▁to ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 8 0 s ▁was ▁a ▁drive - time ▁DJ ▁on ▁one ▁of ▁New ▁York ' s ▁top ▁FM ▁stations , ▁W C BS , ▁worked ▁on ▁his ▁father ' s ▁final ▁TV ▁effort ▁by ▁signing ▁on ▁as ▁the ▁show ' s ▁producer . ▁ ▁On ▁Th urs day ▁night , ▁October ▁ 1 1 , ▁ 1 9 8 4 , ▁Ray ▁He ath erton ▁appeared ▁for ▁the ▁last ▁time ▁on ▁W OR - TV , ▁Channel ▁ 9 ▁during ▁the ▁station ' s ▁evening - long ▁celebr ation ▁of ▁its ▁ 3 5 th ▁anni versary ▁on ▁the ▁air . ▁Four ▁years ▁later , ▁on ▁Th urs day , ▁September ▁ 2 9 , ▁ 1 9 8 8 , ▁he ▁made |
▁his ▁final ▁TV ▁appearance ▁on ▁a ▁very ▁similar ▁program , ▁W PI X - TV , ▁Channel ▁ 1 1 ' s ▁day - long ▁celebr ation ▁and ▁ret ros pective ▁of ▁its ▁ 4 0 ▁years ▁on ▁the ▁air , ▁" W PI X ▁at ▁ 4 0 ". ▁Following ▁this ▁last ▁appearance , ▁Ray ▁He ath erton ▁began ▁showing ▁signs ▁of ▁Al z heimer ' s ▁disease . ▁His ▁still ▁retained ▁his ▁positions , ▁held ▁since ▁the ▁mid - 1 9 8 0 s , ▁on ▁the ▁Bo ards ▁of ▁Direct ors ▁of ▁The ▁Long ▁Island ▁Light ing ▁Company , ▁known ▁as ▁L IL CO , ▁and ▁The ▁Garden ▁City ▁Hotel , ▁but ▁was ▁no ▁longer ▁serving ▁as ▁of ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 9 9 0 s . ▁▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 3 , ▁he ▁was ▁admitted ▁to ▁The ▁Act ors ' ▁Fund ▁Home ▁in ▁Eng le wood , ▁New ▁Jersey , ▁where ▁he ▁spent ▁the ▁last ▁four ▁years ▁of ▁his ▁life . ▁Despite ▁the ▁deb il it ating ▁effects ▁of ▁the ▁disease ▁he ▁still ▁made ▁appearances ▁and ▁gre et ed ▁fans ▁at ▁some ▁local ▁functions ▁near ▁the ▁Home . ▁Ray ▁He ath erton ▁died ▁two - and - a - half ▁months ▁after ▁his ▁ 8 8 th ▁birth day . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Bro oks , ▁Tim ▁( 1 9 8 7 ). ▁ ▁The ▁Complete ▁Directory ▁to ▁Prime ▁Time ▁TV ▁Stars ▁ 1 9 4 6 — Pres ent . ▁ ▁New ▁York : B all |
antine ▁Books . ▁ ▁. ▁P ace , ▁Eric . ▁" R ay ▁He ath erton , ▁ 8 8 , ▁TV ' s ▁' Mer ry ▁Mail man ' ". ▁New ▁York ▁Times ▁ob itu ary ▁( August ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 1 9 9 7 ). ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ 1 9 7 4 ▁photograph ▁along ▁with ▁an ▁ex cer pt ▁from ▁the ▁radio ▁Ray ▁He ath erton ' s ▁Break fast ▁Club ▁Phot ograph s ▁of ▁Ray ▁He ath erton ▁in ▁his ▁Mer ry ▁Mail man ▁uniform ; ▁bi ographical ▁details ; ▁history ▁of ▁the ▁show ; ▁lyr ics ▁to ▁the ▁" I ▁Am ▁the ▁Mer ry ▁Mail man " ▁song ▁and ▁illustr ations ▁of ▁Ray ▁He ath erton ▁collect ibles ▁Ex cer pt ▁from ▁" The ▁Break fast ▁Club ▁w / R ay ▁He ath erton " ▁Radio ▁Show ▁W BA U ▁ ▁Category : American ▁television ▁personal ities ▁Category : American ▁male ▁stage ▁actors ▁Category : A pe x ▁Records ▁artists ▁Category : De ath s ▁from ▁Al z heimer ' s ▁disease ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Flor al ▁Park , ▁New ▁York ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Orange , ▁New ▁Jersey ▁Category : 1 9 0 9 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 9 7 ▁death s ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁American ▁male ▁actors ▁Category : Un ited ▁States ▁Marine ▁Corps ▁officers <0x0A> </s> ▁K 3 ▁Television ▁( Mac ed onian ▁C yr ill ic : ▁К 3 ▁Те ле визи j |
а ) ▁is ▁a ▁regional ▁Television ▁channel ▁in ▁N ortheast ▁part ▁of ▁North ▁Mac ed onia , ▁with ▁headquarters ▁in ▁K uman ovo . ▁It ▁started ▁to ▁operate ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁ ▁Line ▁up ▁ ▁News ▁( Mac ed onian ▁C yr ill ic : ▁Ве сти ) ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁K uman ovo ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁YouTube ▁channel ▁ ▁Category : T ele vision ▁channels ▁in ▁North ▁Mac ed onia ▁Category : Public ly ▁fund ed ▁broad c aster s ▁Category : T ele vision ▁channels ▁and ▁stations ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁Category : 2 0 1 5 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁the ▁Republic ▁of ▁Mac ed onia ▁Category : M ass ▁media ▁in ▁K uman ovo <0x0A> </s> ▁G ob ust an ▁is ▁an ▁administrative ▁district , ▁or ▁ray on , ▁of ▁A zer ba ij an . ▁Area ▁ 1 , 3 6 9 . 4 km ² ; ▁population ▁ 3 7 , 1 3 7 ; ▁population ▁density ▁ 2 7 ▁persons / km ². ▁Its ▁administrative ▁centre , ▁Q ob ust an ▁( not ▁to ▁be ▁confused ▁with ▁Q ob ust an , ▁B aku ) ▁was ▁known ▁as ▁Mar aza ▁until ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁and ▁is ▁located ▁about ▁ ▁west ▁of ▁B aku . ▁From ▁ 1 9 3 0 ▁until ▁ 1 9 4 3 ▁and ▁again ▁from ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁until ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁the ▁territory ▁belonged |
▁to ▁Sh am ak hi ▁administrative ▁district . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁The ▁name ▁of ▁G ob ust an ▁was ▁origin ated ▁from ▁the ▁word ▁“ G ob u ”, ▁which ▁means ▁“ be am ” ▁in ▁A zer ba ij ani . ▁ ▁The ▁ancient ▁dwell ings ▁used ▁to ▁be ▁in ▁the ▁area ▁of ▁present ▁G ob ust an ▁which ▁date ▁back ▁to ▁the ▁Stone ▁Age . ▁ ▁Div isions ▁ ▁There ▁are ▁ 3 4 ▁villages ▁and ▁ 1 ▁settlement ▁– ▁S ett lement ▁Mar aza . ▁Number ▁of ▁infant ▁schools ▁is ▁ 6 ▁and ▁general ▁education ▁schools ▁is ▁ 3 0 ▁in ▁G ob ust an ▁district . ▁There ▁are ▁ 2 3 ▁cultural ▁cent ers , ▁ 3 ▁hosp it als ▁and ▁medical ▁enter pr ises , ▁and ▁ 6 ▁big ▁and ▁middle ▁enter pr ises ▁as ▁well . ▁ ▁The ▁district ▁is ▁border ed ▁with ▁H aj ig ab ul , ▁Kh izi , ▁Sh am ak hi , ▁and ▁Ab sh er on ▁districts . ▁ ▁Population ▁ ▁Statistics ▁for ▁the ▁beginning ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁show ▁that ▁the ▁number ▁of ▁population ▁in ▁G ob ust an ▁district ▁is ▁ 4 6 . 1 ▁thousand ▁people , ▁of ▁which ▁ 9 . 4 ▁thousand ▁live ▁in ▁urban ▁areas , ▁while ▁ 3 6 . 7 ▁thousand ▁people ▁live ▁in ▁rural ▁areas . ▁ ▁Geography ▁ ▁Land s cape ▁ ▁The ▁territory ▁of ▁G ob ust an ▁ranges ▁from ▁the ▁sh ores ▁of ▁the ▁C asp ian |
▁Sea ▁to ▁Mount ▁G ij aki , ▁the ▁highest ▁point ▁in ▁eastern ▁part ▁the ▁Gre ater ▁C au cas us . ▁P ec uliar ities ▁of ▁G ob ust an ▁landscape ▁are ▁the ▁rocks ▁of ▁l ime ▁and ▁sand stone ▁in ▁the ▁middle ▁territory ▁of ▁the ▁district , ▁and ▁mud ▁vol cano es , ▁which ▁are ▁located ▁in ▁the ▁east ▁part ▁of ▁G ob ust an . ▁ ▁Cl imate ▁ ▁Sem i - ar id ▁climate ▁is ▁specific ▁to ▁G ob ust an . ▁Winter s ▁are ▁m ild , ▁and ▁sum mers ▁are ▁hot ▁in ▁there . ▁Rain ▁periods ▁are ▁early ▁spring ▁and ▁late ▁aut umn . ▁The ▁annual ▁precip itation ▁is ▁ 2 5 0 mm . ▁The ▁western ▁part ▁of ▁G ob ust an ▁is ▁more ▁precip itated ▁in ▁aut umn ▁and ▁spring ▁than ▁eastern ▁part ▁of ▁G ob ust an ▁since ▁K ura ▁low lands ▁covers ▁the ▁western ▁part . ▁The ▁highest ▁mean ▁temperature ▁is ▁observed ▁in ▁July ▁( 3 2 ▁C ) ▁and ▁the ▁lowest ▁mean ▁temperature ▁occurs ▁in ▁January ▁(- 1 . 6 ▁C ). ▁ ▁Flora ▁ ▁Flora ▁of ▁G ob ust an ▁is ▁rich ▁with ▁ 4 7 0 ▁species ▁of ▁plants ▁out ▁of ▁ 4 0 0 0 ▁species ▁in ▁A zer ba ij an . ▁The ▁veget ation ▁of ▁G ob ust an ▁has ▁desert ▁and ▁semi - des ert ▁characteristics . ▁Wild ▁rose , ▁Hi bern ian ▁h one ys uck le , ▁wild ▁p ear , ▁wild ▁pom |
eg ran ate , ▁wild ▁fig , ▁and ▁juni per ▁can ▁be ▁found ▁in ▁G ob ust an . ▁ ▁Fa una ▁ ▁There ▁are ▁approximately ▁ 1 1 0 ▁wild ▁bird ▁species ▁in ▁G ob ust an ▁region . ▁ 5 3 ▁of ▁them ▁are ▁included ▁in ▁special ▁European ▁conversation ▁concern , ▁ 9 ▁of ▁them ▁are ▁included ▁in ▁the ▁A zer ba ij an ▁Red ▁Data ▁Book , ▁and ▁ 9 ▁of ▁them ▁are ▁listed ▁by ▁the ▁International ▁Union ▁for ▁Con vers ation ▁of ▁Nature ▁( I UN C ). ▁ ▁ ▁Number ▁of ▁m amm al ▁species ▁in ▁G ob ust an ▁reaches ▁to ▁ 2 8 . ▁Two ▁of ▁them ▁are ▁included ▁in ▁the ▁A zer ba ij an ▁Red ▁Book ▁and ▁one ▁species ▁is ▁listed ▁in ▁the ▁IU CN . ▁There ▁are ▁ 2 ▁species ▁of ▁am ph ib ians ▁and ▁ 2 0 ▁species ▁of ▁re pt iles ▁in ▁G ob ust an . ▁Test udo ▁gre aca ▁is ▁included ▁in ▁the ▁Red ▁Book ▁Data ▁of ▁A zer ba ij an ▁and ▁IU CN . ▁ ▁Econom y ▁ ▁Agricult ure ▁ ▁Agricult ure ▁is ▁the ▁core ▁of ▁the ▁G ob ust an ▁economy . ▁The ▁most ▁important ▁agricult ural ▁product ▁in ▁the ▁region ▁is ▁gra in . ▁Appro xim ately , ▁the ▁annual ▁production ▁of ▁gra in ▁is ▁ 1 ▁ton ▁per ▁person . ▁Other ▁major ▁agricult ural ▁products ▁are ▁pot ato , ▁cab bage , ▁tom ato , ▁gra pe , ▁pe a , ▁sun |
flow er , ▁and ▁mel on . ▁ ▁G ob ust an ▁District ▁Court ▁ ▁G ob ust an ▁District ▁Court ▁was ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁with ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁G ob ust an ▁District ▁People ' s ▁Court ▁under ▁the ▁protection ▁of ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Justice ▁of ▁A zer ba ij an ▁SS R . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Administr ative ▁divisions ▁of ▁A zer ba ij an ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁Official ▁District ▁Website ▁ ▁Category : D istrict s ▁of ▁A zer ba ij an <0x0A> </s> ▁John ▁Or um ▁( d . ▁ 1 4 3 6 ?) ▁was ▁an ▁English ▁church man ▁and ▁academic . ▁He ▁was ▁vice - chan cell or ▁of ▁Oxford ▁University , ▁and ▁Arch de acon ▁of ▁Bar n st ap le ▁from ▁ 1 4 0 0 ▁to ▁ 1 4 2 9 . ▁ ▁Life ▁Or um ▁was ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁University ▁College , ▁Oxford , ▁and ▁graduated ▁as ▁D . D . ▁In ▁ 1 4 0 6 ▁and ▁ 1 4 0 8 ▁was ▁vice - chan cell or ▁or ▁comm iss ary ▁for ▁Richard ▁Cour ten ay . ▁Or um ▁was ▁made ▁arch de acon ▁of ▁Bar n st ap le ▁on ▁ 1 ▁November ▁ 1 4 0 0 , ▁and ▁held ▁this ▁office ▁till ▁ 1 4 2 9 ; ▁he ▁also ▁appears ▁as ▁arch de acon ▁of ▁Corn wall ▁in ▁ 1 4 1 1 . ▁He ▁held ▁the ▁pre b |
end ▁of ▁Hol comb ▁at ▁Well s ▁C athedral ▁in ▁ 1 4 0 8 , ▁and ▁in ▁ 4 1 0 ▁received ▁a ▁canon ry ▁there . ▁On ▁ 4 ▁January ▁he ▁received ▁the ▁pre b end ▁of ▁Friday th or pe , ▁York ▁C athedral , ▁which ▁prefer ment ▁he ▁had ▁vac ated ▁before ▁October ▁ 1 4 1 2 . ▁On ▁ 2 1 ▁December ▁he ▁received ▁the ▁church ▁of ▁Road , ▁Som erset , ▁but ▁ex changed ▁it ▁for ▁As ht on ▁Ke yn es , ▁W ilt shire , ▁on ▁ 1 8 ▁April ▁ 1 4 1 4 . ▁ ▁In ▁February ▁ 1 4 2 9 ▁Or um ▁became ▁ch an cell or ▁of ▁the ▁dioc ese ▁of ▁Ex eter . ▁He ▁seems ▁to ▁have ▁res igned ▁the ▁ch an cell or ship ▁before ▁ 2 1 ▁September ▁ 1 4 3 6 , ▁and ▁probably ▁died ▁soon ▁afterwards . ▁ ▁In ▁accord ance ▁with ▁his ▁will , ▁dated ▁ 2 7 ▁September ▁ 1 4 3 6 , ▁Or um ▁was ▁buried ▁in ▁the ▁por ch ▁of ▁Ex eter ▁C athedral . ▁He ▁left ▁ 4 0 ▁sh ill ings ▁for ▁the ▁perpet ual ▁chant ing ▁of ▁an ▁anti phon ▁there , ▁and ▁gave ▁a ▁co pe ▁to ▁the ▁c athedral . ▁ ▁Works ▁Or um ▁was ▁author ▁of ▁L ect ur æ ▁super ▁Ap oc aly ps im ▁habit æ ▁in ▁E cc lesia ▁Well ens i : ▁ 1 , ▁De ▁ecc lesia |
; ▁ 2 , ▁De ▁av ar it ia ; ▁ 3 - 6 , ▁De ▁cant u . ▁These ▁lect ures ▁are ▁contained ▁in ▁Bod le ian ▁MS . ▁ 2 7 2 2 . ▁Some ▁of ▁the ▁other ▁anonymous ▁tract s ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁manuscript ▁may ▁be ▁by ▁him . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Att ribution ▁ ▁Category : 1 5 th - century ▁English ▁Roman ▁Catholic ▁pri ests ▁Category : Arch de a cons ▁of ▁Bar n st ap le ▁Category : Arch de a cons ▁of ▁Corn wall <0x0A> </s> ▁Maria ▁of ▁V ite b sk ▁( d ied ▁before ▁ 1 3 4 9 ) ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁wife ▁of ▁Alg ird as , ▁future ▁Grand ▁Duke ▁of ▁Lith u ania ▁( mar riage ▁took ▁place ▁around ▁ 1 3 1 8 ). ▁Very ▁little ▁is ▁known ▁about ▁her ▁life . ▁The ▁only ▁child ▁of ▁a ▁Russian ▁prince ▁Y ar oslav , ▁Maria ▁was ▁the ▁only ▁he ir ▁to ▁the ▁Princi p ality ▁of ▁V ite b sk . ▁After ▁her ▁father ' s ▁death ▁ca . ▁ 1 3 4 5 , ▁V ite b sk ▁fell ▁perman ently ▁under ▁control ▁of ▁Alg ird as ▁and ▁other ▁Ged imin ids . ▁Maria ▁gave ▁birth ▁to ▁five ▁sons , ▁all ▁of ▁whom ▁grew ▁up ▁while ▁Alg ird as ▁was ▁still ▁only ▁a ▁regional ▁du ke ▁in ▁S lav ic ▁lands ▁of ▁the ▁Grand ▁Duch y ▁of ▁Lith u ania . ▁All ▁five ▁sons ▁were ▁bapt ized ▁in ▁Orth odox |
▁r ite ▁and ▁ruled ▁Russian ▁lands ▁giving ▁rise ▁to ▁prominent ▁cl ans ▁of ▁Russian ▁du kes ▁( Tr ub et sko y ▁family ▁from ▁Dem et ri us ▁I ▁Star sh y , ▁Cz art ory ski ▁family ▁from ▁Const antine , ▁Sang usz ko ▁family ▁from ▁F iod or , ▁Bel sky ▁and ▁Ole l kov ich ▁families ▁from ▁Val dim ir ). ▁After ▁Maria ' s ▁death , ▁Alg ird as ▁married ▁another ▁Russian ▁prin cess , ▁U li ana ▁of ▁T ver . ▁After ▁Alg ird as ' ▁death , ▁the ▁el dest ▁sons ▁of ▁Maria ▁and ▁U li ana ▁batt led ▁over ▁succession ▁rights . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Family ▁of ▁Alg ird as ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 3 4 0 s ▁death s ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁V ite b sk ▁Category : Russ ian ▁prin cess es ▁Category : Gr and ▁Duch esses ▁of ▁Lith u ania ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁birth ▁unknown ▁Category : 1 4 th - century ▁Lith uan ian ▁people ▁Category : 1 4 th - century ▁Lith uan ian ▁women ▁Category : 1 4 th - century ▁Russian ▁people ▁Category : 1 4 th - century ▁Russian ▁women <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Two - man ▁b obs le igh ▁competition ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁Winter ▁Olympics ▁in ▁Lake ▁P lac id ▁was ▁held ▁on ▁ 1 5 ▁and ▁ 1 6 ▁February , ▁at ▁M t . ▁Van ▁H oe ven berg ▁Olympic ▁Bob s led ▁Run |
. ▁ ▁Results ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : B obs le igh ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁Winter ▁Olympics <0x0A> </s> ▁W - 3 4 6 ▁is ▁a ▁reserved ▁Const itu ency ▁for ▁female ▁in ▁the ▁Provin cial ▁Assembly ▁of ▁P un j ab . ▁ ▁General ▁elections ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁ ▁General ▁elections ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁P un j ab , ▁Pakistan ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁E lection ▁commission ▁Pakistan ' s ▁official ▁website ▁ ▁Aw az od ay . com ▁▁ ▁Official ▁Website ▁of ▁Government ▁of ▁P un j ab ▁ ▁Category : Pro vin cial ▁constitu encies ▁of ▁P un j ab , ▁Pakistan <0x0A> </s> ▁This ▁is ▁a ▁list ▁of ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁seasons . ▁ ▁Championship ▁Cup ▁ 1 8 9 5 - 9 6 ▁Championship ▁Cup ▁ 1 8 9 6 - 9 7 ▁Championship ▁Cup ▁ 1 8 9 7 - 9 8 ▁Championship ▁Cup ▁ 1 8 9 8 - 9 9 ▁Championship ▁Cup ▁ 1 8 9 9 - 1 9 0 0 ▁Championship ▁Cup ▁ 1 9 0 0 - 0 1 ▁Championship ▁Cup ▁ 1 9 0 1 - 0 2 ▁Championship ▁Cup ▁ 1 9 0 2 - 0 3 ▁Championship ▁Cup ▁ 1 9 0 3 - 0 4 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 0 4 - 0 5 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 0 5 - 0 6 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division |
▁ 1 9 0 6 - 0 7 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 0 7 - 0 8 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 0 8 - 0 9 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 0 9 - 1 0 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 1 0 - 1 1 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 1 1 - 1 2 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 1 2 - 1 3 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 1 3 - 1 4 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 1 9 - 2 0 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 2 0 - 2 1 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 2 1 - 2 2 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 2 2 - 2 3 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 2 3 - 2 4 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 2 4 - 2 5 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 2 5 - 2 6 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 2 6 - 2 7 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 2 7 - 2 8 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 2 8 - 2 9 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 2 9 - 3 0 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 3 0 - 3 1 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 3 1 - 3 2 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ |
1 9 3 2 - 3 3 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 3 3 - 3 4 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 3 4 - 3 5 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 3 5 - 3 6 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 3 6 - 3 7 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 3 7 - 3 8 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 3 8 - 3 9 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 4 1 - 4 2 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 4 2 - 4 3 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 4 3 - 4 4 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 4 5 - 4 6 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 4 6 - 4 7 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 4 7 - 4 8 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 4 8 - 4 9 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 4 9 - 5 0 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 5 0 - 5 1 ▁Belg ian ▁Premier ▁Division ▁ 1 9 5 1 - 5 2 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 5 2 - 5 3 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 5 3 - 5 4 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 5 4 - 5 5 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 5 5 - 5 6 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 |
9 5 6 - 5 7 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 5 7 - 5 8 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 5 8 - 5 9 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 5 9 - 6 0 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 6 0 - 6 1 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 6 1 - 6 2 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 6 2 - 6 3 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 6 3 - 6 4 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 6 4 - 6 5 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 6 5 - 6 6 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 6 6 - 6 7 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 6 7 - 6 8 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 6 8 - 6 9 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 6 9 - 7 0 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 7 0 - 7 1 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 7 1 - 7 2 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 7 2 - 7 3 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 7 3 - 7 4 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 7 4 - 7 5 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 7 5 - 7 6 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 7 6 - 7 7 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 |
7 7 - 7 8 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 7 8 - 7 9 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 7 9 - 8 0 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 8 0 - 8 1 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 8 1 - 8 2 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 8 2 - 8 3 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 8 3 - 8 4 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 8 4 - 8 5 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 8 5 - 8 6 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 8 6 - 8 7 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 8 7 - 8 8 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 8 8 - 8 9 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 8 9 - 9 0 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 9 0 - 9 1 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 9 1 - 9 2 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 9 2 - 9 3 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 9 3 - 9 4 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 9 4 - 9 5 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 9 5 - 9 6 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 9 6 - 9 7 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 9 7 - 9 8 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 9 |
8 - 9 9 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 1 9 9 9 - 2 0 0 0 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 2 0 0 0 - 0 1 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 2 0 0 1 - 0 2 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 2 0 0 2 - 0 3 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 2 0 0 3 - 0 4 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 2 0 0 4 - 0 5 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 2 0 0 5 - 0 6 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 2 0 0 6 - 0 7 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 2 0 0 7 - 0 8 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 2 0 0 8 - 0 9 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 2 0 0 9 - 1 0 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁ 2 0 1 0 - 1 1 ▁Belg ian ▁Pro ▁League ▁ 2 0 1 1 - 1 2 ▁Belg ian ▁Pro ▁League ▁ 2 0 1 2 - 1 3 ▁Belg ian ▁Pro ▁League ▁ 2 0 1 3 - 1 4 ▁Belg ian ▁Pro ▁League ▁ 2 0 1 4 - 1 5 ▁Belg ian ▁Pro ▁League ▁ 2 0 1 5 - 1 6 ▁Belg ian ▁First ▁Division ▁A ▁ 2 0 1 6 - 1 7 ▁ ▁* ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁in ▁Belg ium ▁lists <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Little ▁Saint ▁Ro ch ▁River ▁( F rench : ▁Riv ière ▁du ▁Ro ch u ) |
▁is ▁a ▁river ▁in ▁Quebec ▁and ▁Maine . ▁ ▁From ▁its ▁source ▁( ), ▁in ▁L ' Is let ▁R CM , ▁the ▁river ▁runs ▁south ▁and ▁sout heast ▁across ▁the ▁Canada – Un ited ▁States ▁border ▁to ▁the ▁Sh ield s ▁Branch ▁of ▁the ▁Big ▁Black ▁River ▁in ▁Maine ▁Township 1 5 , ▁Range 1 5 , ▁W EL S . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁rivers ▁of ▁Maine ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Maine ▁Stream flow ▁Data ▁from ▁the ▁US GS ▁Maine ▁W aters hed ▁Data ▁From ▁Environment al ▁Prote ction ▁Agency ▁ ▁Category : T rib ut aries ▁of ▁the ▁Saint ▁John ▁River ▁( B ay ▁of ▁Fund y ) ▁Category : R ivers ▁of ▁A ro ost ook ▁County , ▁Maine <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁five ▁d ots ▁t atto o ▁is ▁a ▁t atto o ▁of ▁five ▁d ots ▁arranged ▁in ▁a ▁qu inc un x , ▁usually ▁on ▁the ▁outer ▁surface ▁of ▁the ▁hand , ▁between ▁the ▁thumb ▁and ▁the ▁index ▁finger . ▁The ▁t atto o ▁has ▁different ▁mean ings ▁in ▁different ▁cult ures — it ▁has ▁been ▁various ly ▁interpreted ▁as ▁a ▁fert ility ▁symbol , ▁a ▁rem inder ▁of ▁say ings ▁on ▁how ▁to ▁treat ▁women ▁or ▁police , ▁a ▁recognition ▁symbol ▁among ▁the ▁Roman i ▁people , ▁a ▁group ▁of ▁close ▁friends , ▁standing ▁alone ▁in ▁the ▁world , ▁or ▁time ▁spent ▁in ▁prison ▁( with ▁the ▁outer ▁four ▁d ots ▁representing ▁the ▁prison ▁walls ▁and ▁the ▁inner ▁dot ▁representing ▁the ▁prisoner ). ▁Thomas |
▁Ed ison ▁had ▁this ▁pattern ▁t atto o ed ▁on ▁his ▁for ear m . ▁The ▁five ▁d ots ▁t atto o ▁is ▁also ▁most ▁pre val ent ▁amongst ▁gang sters . ▁For ▁example , ▁in ▁northern ▁California ▁it ▁is ▁a ▁t atto o ▁that ▁symbol izes ▁the ▁membership ▁of ▁the ▁" 1 5 ▁Street ▁Loc os ", ▁a ▁ju ven ile ▁institution ▁gang , ▁created ▁and ▁founded ▁in ▁Mon ter ey ▁County , ▁CA ▁and ▁later ▁spread ▁across ▁the ▁county ▁streets . ▁In ▁the ▁US , ▁it ▁is ▁also ▁believed ▁to ▁have ▁spread ▁from ▁Vietnam ese ▁gang s , ▁who ▁use ▁it ▁to ▁mean , ▁" A ▁group ▁of ▁friends ". ▁ ▁The ▁five ▁dot ▁t atto o ▁res emb les ▁the ▁five ▁shield s ▁on ▁the ▁Portuguese ▁flag — the ▁shield s ▁representing ▁the ▁five ▁Holy ▁W ounds ▁inf lic ted ▁upon ▁Jesus ▁during ▁his ▁cru c if ix ion — and ▁was ▁formerly ▁worn ▁by ▁many ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁Portuguese ▁armed ▁forces . ▁It ▁has ▁since ▁become ▁a ▁popular ▁t atto o ▁for ▁first ▁generation ▁Portuguese - Amer icans ▁and ▁Portuguese - Can ad ians . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁C riminal ▁t atto o ▁ ▁Pr ison ▁t atto o ing ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : T atto o ▁designs ▁Category : D ot ▁patterns <0x0A> </s> ▁Gl enn ▁Le Ro y ▁" Red " ▁Jar rett ▁( Oct ober ▁ 2 3 , ▁ 1 9 0 7 ▁– ▁April ▁ 2 6 , |
▁ 1 9 6 2 ) ▁was ▁an ▁American ▁football ▁and ▁basketball ▁coach . ▁He ▁served ▁as ▁the ▁head ▁football ▁coach ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁North ▁Dak ota ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 2 ▁and ▁from ▁ 1 9 4 6 ▁to ▁ 1 9 4 8 , ▁compiling ▁a ▁record ▁of ▁ 1 4 – 1 7 . ▁Jar ret ▁was ▁also ▁the ▁head ▁basketball ▁coach ▁at ▁North ▁Dak ota ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 5 – 4 6 ▁and ▁from ▁ 1 9 4 9 ▁to ▁ 1 9 5 1 , ▁t ally ing ▁a ▁mark ▁of ▁ 3 9 – 2 6 . ▁ ▁Head ▁co aching ▁record ▁ ▁Football ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 0 7 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 6 2 ▁death s ▁Category : American ▁men ' s ▁basketball ▁players ▁Category : B asketball ▁coach es ▁from ▁Indiana ▁Category : B asketball ▁players ▁from ▁Indiana ▁Category : Co aches ▁of ▁American ▁football ▁from ▁Indiana ▁Category : N orth ▁Dak ota ▁Fight ing ▁Haw ks ▁athlet ic ▁direct ors ▁Category : N orth ▁Dak ota ▁Fight ing ▁Haw ks ▁football ▁coach es ▁Category : N orth ▁Dak ota ▁Fight ing ▁Haw ks ▁football ▁players ▁Category : N orth ▁Dak ota ▁Fight ing ▁Haw ks ▁men ' s ▁basketball ▁coach es ▁Category : N orth ▁Dak ota ▁Fight ing ▁Haw ks ▁men ' s ▁basketball ▁players ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Lig on ier , ▁Indiana ▁Category : Play ers ▁of ▁American ▁football ▁from |
▁Indiana <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Ver se ▁about ▁the ▁Book ▁of ▁the ▁D ove ▁( Г о лу би ная ▁кни га , ▁Gol ub in aya ▁Kn iga ) ▁is ▁a ▁medieval ▁Russian ▁religious ▁ball ad . ▁At ▁least ▁ 2 0 ▁versions ▁are ▁known . ▁ ▁They ▁vary ▁in ▁length ▁from ▁ 3 0 ▁to ▁over ▁ 9 0 0 ▁lines . ▁The ▁poem ▁is ▁generally ▁thought ▁to ▁have ▁been ▁written ▁ca . ▁ 1 5 0 0 ▁in ▁the ▁Nov gor od ▁region , ▁though ▁Russian ▁national ists ▁post ulate ▁its ▁great ▁anti qu ity . ▁The ▁earliest ▁ext ant ▁manuscript ▁is ▁dated ▁to ▁the ▁ 1 7 th ▁century . ▁ ▁The ▁poem ' s ▁folk ▁cosm ology ▁and ▁the ▁title ▁have ▁been ▁derived ▁by ▁Vladimir ▁Top or ov ▁from ▁the ▁Bund ah ish n . ▁The ▁root ▁" g ol ub " ▁( d ove ) ▁in ▁title ▁" G ol ub in aya " ▁is ▁not ▁about ▁birds . ▁It ▁is ▁believed ▁to ▁be ▁derived ▁from ▁the ▁root ▁" gl ub " ▁( depth , ▁deep ), ▁which ▁refers ▁to ▁depth ▁of ▁concepts ▁described ▁in ▁the ▁book . ▁Also ▁it ▁could ▁origin ate ▁from ▁" se fer ▁tor ah ": ▁trunc ated ▁" se fer ▁tor " ▁can ▁be ▁translated ▁to ▁Russian ▁as ▁" d ove ▁book ". ▁ ▁Several ▁major ▁Russian ▁po ets ▁and ▁artists ▁of ▁the ▁early ▁ 2 0 th ▁century ▁( such ▁as ▁Nicholas ▁Ro er ich ▁and ▁And rey ▁B ely ) ▁were |
▁inspired ▁by ▁the ▁D ove - Book . ▁The ▁Russian ▁Orth odox ▁Church ▁had ▁it ▁b anned ▁as ▁a ▁her et ical ▁mixture ▁of ▁ap oc ry phal ▁Christian ▁tales ▁with ▁pag an ▁l ore . ▁▁ ▁The ▁main ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁D ove - Book ▁is ▁a ▁long ▁sequence ▁of ▁r idd les . ▁In ▁a ▁series ▁of ▁answers ▁to ▁those ▁r idd les , ▁King ▁David ▁explains ▁the ▁origin ▁of ▁light , ▁sun , ▁moon , ▁and ▁social ▁classes . ▁He ▁also ▁mentions ▁a ▁myster ious ▁stone ▁" cle pt ▁the ▁Al at yr ". ▁Isabel ▁Florence ▁H ap good ▁describes ▁the ▁content ▁of ▁one ▁version ▁in ▁the ▁following ▁terms : ▁ ▁" The ▁D ove ▁Book " ▁falls ▁from ▁Al at yr , ▁the ▁" burn ing ▁white ▁stone ▁on ▁the ▁Island ▁of ▁Bu yan ", ▁the ▁he ath en ▁parad ise , ▁which ▁lies ▁far ▁towards ▁sun r ise , ▁in ▁the ▁" O cean ▁Sea ". ▁The ▁he ath en ▁significance ▁of ▁the ▁stone ▁is ▁not ▁known , ▁but ▁it ▁is ▁clever ly ▁explained ▁in ▁" The ▁D ove ▁Book " ▁as ▁the ▁stone ▁where on ▁Christ ▁stood ▁when ▁he ▁pre ached ▁to ▁his ▁dis ci ples . ▁This ▁" l ittle ▁book " ▁(" fort y ▁f ath oms ▁long ▁and ▁twenty ▁wide ") ▁was ▁written ▁by ▁St . ▁John ▁the ▁Evangel ist , ▁and ▁no ▁man ▁can ▁read ▁it . ▁The ▁book ▁is ▁somewhat ▁suggest ive ▁of ▁the ▁" l ittle ▁book " ▁in ▁Re vel |
ation . ▁The ▁proph et ▁Isa iah ▁de ci pher ed ▁only ▁three ▁pages ▁of ▁it ▁in ▁as ▁many ▁years . ▁But ▁the ▁" most ▁wise ▁ts ar ▁David " ▁undert akes ▁to ▁give , ▁from ▁memory , ▁the ▁book ' s ▁answers ▁to ▁various ▁questions ▁put ▁to ▁him ▁by ▁Ts ar ▁Vladimir ▁( as ▁sp okes man ▁of ▁a ▁thr ong ▁of ▁em per ors ▁and ▁princes ). ▁A ▁great ▁deal ▁of ▁curious ▁information ▁is ▁convey ed ▁- ▁all ▁very ▁poet ically ▁expressed ▁- ▁including ▁some ▁odd ▁facts ▁in ▁natural ▁history , ▁such ▁as : ▁that ▁the ▁o str ich ▁is ▁the ▁mother ▁of ▁birds , ▁and ▁that ▁she ▁lives , ▁fe eds , ▁and ▁re ars ▁her ▁young ▁on ▁the ▁blue ▁sea , ▁d row ning ▁mar in ers ▁and ▁s inking ▁ships . ▁When ever ▁she ▁( or ▁the ▁Ind rik - Be ast ) ▁moves , ▁an ▁earth qu ake ▁ens ues . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁Two ▁versions ▁of ▁the ▁poem ▁( in ▁Russian ) ▁ ▁Category : Ap oc ry pha ▁Category : Christ ian ▁poetry ▁Category : F olk ▁Christian ity ▁Category : 1 5 th - century ▁Russian ▁literature ▁Category : R idd les <0x0A> </s> ▁HMS ▁Sur prise ▁is ▁the ▁third ▁historical ▁novel ▁in ▁the ▁A ubre y – M atur in ▁series ▁by ▁Patrick ▁O ' B rian , ▁first ▁published ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 3 . ▁The ▁series ▁follows ▁the ▁partners hip ▁of ▁Captain ▁Jack ▁A ubre y ▁and |
▁the ▁naval ▁sur geon ▁Stephen ▁M atur in ▁during ▁the ▁wars ▁against ▁Napoleon ' s ▁France . ▁ ▁M atur in ▁is ▁tort ured ▁gather ing ▁intelligence . ▁On ▁HMS ▁Sur prise , ▁A ubre y ▁and ▁M atur in ▁make ▁a ▁long ▁voyage ▁to ▁bring ▁an ▁amb assador ▁to ▁S out heast ▁Asia , ▁round ing ▁the ▁southern ▁tip ▁of ▁Africa . ▁ ▁Some ▁review ers ▁found ▁the ▁novel ▁with ▁" super b ▁dep ict ions ▁of ▁life ", ▁yet ▁too ▁full ▁of ▁na ut ical ▁detail , ▁while ▁others ▁found ▁that ▁detail ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁author ' s ▁er ud ition ▁and ▁not ▁in ▁the ▁way ▁of ▁the ▁plot . ▁The ▁author ▁showed ▁" cap acity ▁for ▁creating ▁another ▁completely ▁bel iev able ▁world ", ▁while ▁another ▁rev iewer ▁said ▁the ▁novel ▁is ▁" st retch ing ▁its ▁genre ▁[ nav al ▁advent ure ] ▁but ▁never ▁esc aping ▁it ." ▁ ▁Plot ▁summary ▁A ▁con voy ▁including ▁A ubre y ▁se izes ▁the ▁ships ▁carrying ▁the ▁gold ▁de emed ▁necessary ▁by ▁Spain ▁to ▁agree ▁to ▁join ▁the ▁war ▁on ▁the ▁side ▁of ▁France . ▁On ▁the ▁qu ib ble ▁that ▁Spain ▁had ▁not ▁yet ▁entered ▁the ▁war , ▁the ▁new ▁First ▁Lord ▁of ▁the ▁Admir alty ▁dec ides ▁the ▁vast ▁sum ▁is ▁a ▁droit ▁of ▁the ▁Crown ▁so ▁thus ▁not ▁shared ▁out ▁with ▁the ▁capt ors . ▁Sm aller ▁amounts ▁will ▁be ▁distributed ▁to ▁the ▁capt ains , ▁quite ▁opposite ▁to ▁the ▁expect ations ▁of ▁the ▁successful ▁con voy . |
▁The ▁First ▁Lord ▁bl und ers ▁into ▁mention ing ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁intelligence ▁agent ▁Stephen ▁M atur in ▁during ▁the ▁proceed ings , ▁putting ▁M atur in ▁at ▁risk . ▁ ▁M atur in ▁goes ▁on ▁a ▁mission ▁to ▁Spain , ▁and ▁is ▁to ▁be ▁picked ▁up ▁at ▁Port ▁Mah on ▁by ▁A ubre y , ▁now ▁on ▁block ade ▁duty ▁near ▁Toul on ▁in ▁HMS ▁L ively . ▁At ▁the ▁rende z vous ▁point , ▁A ubre y ▁lear ns ▁from ▁a ▁Catal an ▁revolution ary ▁that ▁his ▁friend ▁has ▁been ▁captured ▁and ▁is ▁being ▁tort ured ▁by ▁French ▁intelligence ▁in ▁Port ▁Mah on , ▁the ▁island ▁having ▁been ▁returned ▁to ▁Spain ▁in ▁the ▁Peace ▁of ▁Am iens . ▁A ubre y ▁leads ▁a ▁rescue ▁mission , ▁saving ▁a ▁rav aged ▁M atur in ▁and ▁killing ▁all ▁of ▁the ▁French ▁inter rog ators ▁except ▁one , ▁Captain ▁D ut ourd . ▁In ▁England , ▁A ubre y ▁is ▁taken ▁by ▁b ail iffs ▁and ▁is ▁held ▁in ▁a ▁sp ong ing - house , ▁a ▁deb t ors ' ▁prison . ▁M atur in ▁tells ▁Sir ▁Joseph ▁of ▁his ▁capture ▁and ▁A ubre y ' s ▁pred ic ament . ▁A ubre y ' s ▁marriage ▁to ▁Soph ia ▁Williams ▁is ▁de ferred , ▁as ▁her ▁mother ▁ins ists ▁that ▁he ▁be ▁deb t - free . ▁M atur in ▁gets ▁A ubre y ▁an ▁advance ▁on ▁his ▁grant ▁of ▁money ▁and ▁he ▁is ▁released . ▁Soph ia ▁meets ▁A ubre y |
▁in ▁a ▁coach ▁in ▁the ▁middle ▁of ▁the ▁night ▁before ▁he ▁takes ▁command ▁of ▁his ▁new ▁ship ▁HMS ▁Sur prise , ▁and ▁they ▁promise ▁to ▁marry ▁no ▁one ▁else . ▁ ▁A ubre y ▁and ▁M atur in ▁leave ▁in ▁the ▁Sur prise ▁to ▁fer ry ▁an ▁amb assador ▁to ▁the ▁Sultan ▁of ▁K amp ong ▁on ▁the ▁Mal ay ▁Pen ins ula . ▁A ubre y ▁hopes ▁to ▁find ▁the ▁French ▁squad ron ▁commanded ▁by ▁Admir al ▁L inois , ▁who ▁once ▁took ▁him ▁prisoner . ▁Sur prise ▁is ▁caught ▁in ▁the ▁d old rum s ▁north ▁of ▁the ▁equ ator , ▁and ▁the ▁crew ▁show ▁signs ▁of ▁sc ur vy . ▁On ▁a ▁very ▁hot ▁Sunday , ▁M atur in ▁takes ▁a ▁short ▁stop ▁on ▁St ▁Paul ' s ▁Rock . ▁Two ▁serious ▁storm s ▁strike ; ▁the ▁officer ▁who ▁row ed ▁him ▁out ▁is ▁d rown ed ▁and ▁Sur prise ▁is ▁dam aged ▁and ▁driven ▁out ▁of ▁sight . ▁M atur in ▁surv ives ▁on ▁bird - f ou led ▁water ▁and ▁the ▁blood ▁of ▁bo ob ies , ▁and ▁claims ▁that ▁these ▁days ▁under ▁the ▁hot ▁sun ▁have ▁restored ▁his ▁health ▁after ▁the ▁tort ure . ▁They ▁stop ▁along ▁the ▁coast ▁of ▁Brazil ▁for ▁fresh ▁food s ▁and ▁supplies , ▁and ▁a ▁sl oth ; ▁this ▁is ▁M atur in ' s ▁first ▁time ▁in ▁the ▁New ▁World . ▁They ▁put ▁in ▁at ▁Rio ▁for ▁mail . ▁ ▁Ref itted ▁and ▁rep aint ed , ▁Sur prise ▁goes ▁wide |
▁around ▁the ▁Cape ▁of ▁Good ▁Hope , ▁held ▁by ▁the ▁Dutch ▁who ▁are ▁al lied ▁with ▁Napoleon . ▁In ▁the ▁waters ▁of ▁the ▁Ant ar ctic ▁Ocean , ▁they ▁end ure ▁a ▁severe ▁storm . ▁The ▁amb assador ▁becomes ▁very ▁ill . ▁They ▁put ▁into ▁Bomb ay ▁in ▁India ▁to ▁ref it ▁after ▁the ▁storm s ▁and ▁to ▁rest ▁the ▁amb assador . ▁M atur in ▁meets ▁a ▁local ▁street - wise ▁child , ▁a ▁girl ▁named ▁D il , ▁who ▁eager ly ▁shows ▁him ▁around ▁the ▁city . ▁M atur in ▁is ▁watching ▁a ▁para de ▁with ▁D il ▁when ▁he ▁sees ▁D iana ▁Vill iers , ▁who ▁has ▁returned ▁to ▁Bomb ay ▁ahead ▁of ▁her ▁companion , ▁Richard ▁C anning . ▁They ▁agree ▁to ▁visit , ▁and ▁spend ▁several ▁days ▁together , ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁which ▁M atur in ▁asks ▁her ▁to ▁marry ▁him . ▁She ▁does ▁not ▁reply ▁immediately , ▁but ▁promises ▁she ▁will ▁when ▁Sur prise ▁stops ▁in ▁Cal cut ta . ▁M atur in ▁finds ▁D il ▁dead ▁and ▁ro bb ed ▁of ▁the ▁silver ▁bra ce lets ▁that ▁he ▁had ▁given ▁her ; ▁he ▁super vis es ▁her ▁cre m ation ▁on ▁the ▁shore . ▁ ▁The ▁amb assador ▁dies ▁before ▁reaching ▁the ▁S unda ▁Stra it ▁so ▁the ▁Sur prise ▁sets ▁sail ▁for ▁Britain . ▁They ▁encounter ▁the ▁East ▁India ▁Company ' s ▁China ▁Fle et , ▁returning ▁to ▁England ▁un esc orted . ▁A ▁day ▁after ▁leaving ▁the ▁China ▁Fle et ▁the ▁Sur prise |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.