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: 1 2 ), ▁Bar nab as ' ▁sister , ▁who ▁was ▁with ▁Paul ▁and ▁Bar nab as ▁in ▁their ▁first ▁journey ▁( Act s ▁ 1 2 : 2 5 ), ▁and ▁depart ed ▁from ▁them ▁at ▁Pam ph yl ia , ▁causing ▁a ▁great ▁quar rel ▁between ▁Paul ▁and ▁Bar nab as ▁leading ▁to ▁their ▁separation ▁in ▁min istry ▁( ), ▁but ▁now ▁Paul ▁had ▁a ▁better ▁opinion ▁of ▁him , ▁and ▁was ▁apparently ▁recon ci led ▁to ▁him , ▁that ▁he ▁wants ▁his ▁assistance ▁as ▁later ▁noted ▁in ▁Col os si ans ▁ 4 : 1 0 ; ▁. ▁ ▁" For ▁he ▁is ▁helpful ▁( N K J V ; ▁K J V : ▁" prof itable ") ▁to ▁me ▁for ▁the ▁min istry ": ▁to ▁assist ▁in ▁pre aching ▁the ▁G ospel . ▁ ▁Ver se ▁ 1 2 ▁And ▁T ych icus ▁I ▁have ▁sent ▁to ▁E ph es us . ▁" T ych icus ": ▁a ▁friend ▁of ▁Paul , ▁mentioned ▁ 5 ▁times ▁in ▁the ▁New ▁Testament ▁( ; ▁; ▁; ▁; ▁ 2 ▁Tim othy ▁ 4 : 1 2 ). ▁ ▁Ver se ▁ 1 3 ▁Br ing ▁the ▁clo ak ▁that ▁I ▁left ▁with ▁Car pus ▁at ▁Tro as ▁when ▁you ▁come — and ▁the ▁books , ▁especially ▁the ▁par ch ments . ▁" C lo ak ": ▁see ▁Ph el on ion ▁" C arp us ": ▁only ▁mentioned ▁here . ▁" T ro as ": ▁ancient ▁T roy , ▁a
▁point ▁of ▁departure ▁from ▁Asia ▁to ▁Europe ▁( ; ▁). ▁ ▁Ver se ▁ 1 4 ▁Alexander ▁the ▁co ppers m ith ▁did ▁me ▁much ▁harm . ▁May ▁the ▁Lord ▁rep ay ▁him ▁according ▁to ▁his ▁works . ▁" Alex ander ▁the ▁co ppers m ith " ▁or ▁" the ▁metal worker " ▁could ▁be ▁identified ▁with ▁the ▁person ▁in ▁Act s ▁ 1 9 : 3 3 ▁or ▁in ▁ 1 ▁Tim othy ▁ 1 : 2 0 , ▁who ▁at ▁this ▁point ▁gave ▁a ▁hard ▁opposition ▁to ▁Paul ' s ▁message . ▁ ▁The ▁Final ▁Gre et ings ▁( 4 : 1 9 – 2 2 ) ▁This ▁section ▁mentions ▁some ▁familiar ▁and ▁some ▁un famil iar ▁names , ▁which ▁may ▁be ▁known ▁in ▁the ▁community , ▁before ▁closing ▁it ▁with ▁a ▁bless ing ▁model led ▁on ▁the ▁ones ▁in ▁, ▁ ▁and ▁. ▁ ▁Ver se ▁ 1 9 ▁Gre et ▁Pr is ca ▁and ▁Aqu ila , ▁and ▁the ▁household ▁of ▁On esi ph orus . ▁C athol ics ▁regard ▁this ▁verse ▁as ▁an ▁imp lication ▁that ▁On esi ph orus ▁was ▁already ▁dead , ▁as ▁it ▁is ▁imp lied ▁previously ▁in ▁ 2 ▁Tim othy ▁ 1 : 1 6 – 1 8 , ▁since ▁Paul ▁directly ▁gre ets ▁Aqu ila ▁and ▁Pr isc illa ▁( here ▁short ened ▁as ▁" P ris ca ") ▁and ▁seems ▁to ▁give ▁gre eting ▁to ▁" the ▁house ▁of ▁On esi ph orus " ▁to ▁comfort ▁his ▁family . ▁ ▁Ver
se ▁ 2 0 ▁Er ast us ▁stayed ▁in ▁Cor inth , ▁but ▁Tro ph im us ▁I ▁have ▁left ▁in ▁M ile t us ▁sick . ▁" Er ast us ": ▁a ▁city - tre as urer ▁of ▁Cor inth ▁( ; ▁c f . ▁). ▁" T roph im us ": ▁one ▁of ▁Paul ' s ▁close ▁friends ▁during ▁his ▁mission ary ▁travel s ▁( ; ▁). ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁Rel ated ▁Bible ▁parts : ▁Matthew ▁ 2 4 , ▁Col os si ans ▁ 4 , ▁Tit us ▁ 1 ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Cit ations ▁ ▁S ources ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁King ▁James ▁Bible ▁- ▁Wik is ource ▁English ▁Trans lation ▁with ▁Par allel ▁Latin ▁V ul gate ▁Online ▁Bible ▁at ▁G ospel H all . org ▁( ES V , ▁K J V , ▁Dar by , ▁American ▁Standard ▁Version , ▁Bible ▁in ▁Basic ▁English ) ▁Multiple ▁b ible ▁versions ▁at ▁Bible ▁Gate way ▁( N K J V , ▁N IV , ▁NR SV ▁etc .) ▁▁ 0 4 <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Men ' s ▁Fre est yle ▁ 9 0   kg ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁Summer ▁Olympics ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁wrest ling ▁program ▁were ▁held ▁at ▁the ▁Sang mu ▁G ymnasium , ▁Se ong nam . ▁ ▁Medal ists ▁ ▁Tournament ▁results ▁ ▁The ▁wrest lers ▁are ▁divided ▁into ▁ 2 ▁groups . ▁The ▁winner ▁of ▁each ▁group ▁decided ▁by ▁a ▁double - el im ination ▁system . ▁ ▁Leg
end ▁T F ▁— ▁W on ▁by ▁Fall ▁SP ▁— ▁W on ▁by ▁Super ior ity , ▁ 1 2 - 1 4 ▁points ▁difference , ▁the ▁los er ▁with ▁points ▁SO ▁— ▁W on ▁by ▁Super ior ity , ▁ 1 2 - 1 4 ▁points ▁difference , ▁the ▁los er ▁without ▁points ▁ST ▁— ▁W on ▁by ▁Techn ical ▁Super ior ity , ▁ 1 5 ▁points ▁difference ▁P P ▁— ▁W on ▁by ▁Point s , ▁the ▁los er ▁with ▁technical ▁points ▁PO ▁— ▁W on ▁by ▁Point s , ▁the ▁los er ▁without ▁technical ▁points ▁P 0 ▁— ▁W on ▁by ▁Pass ivity , ▁scoring ▁zero ▁points ▁P 1 ▁— ▁W on ▁by ▁Pass ivity , ▁while ▁leading ▁by ▁ 1 - 1 1 ▁points ▁PS ▁— ▁W on ▁by ▁Pass ivity , ▁while ▁leading ▁by ▁ 1 2 - 1 4 ▁points ▁PA ▁— ▁W on ▁by ▁O pp on ent ▁In j ury ▁D Q ▁— ▁W on ▁by ▁For fe it ▁DNA ▁— ▁Did ▁not ▁appear ▁L ▁— ▁L oss es ▁ER ▁— ▁Round ▁of ▁El im ination ▁CP ▁— ▁Classification ▁Point s ▁T P ▁— ▁Techn ical ▁Point s ▁ ▁El imin atory ▁round ▁ ▁Group ▁A ▁ ▁Group ▁B ▁ ▁Final ▁round ▁ ▁Final ▁stand ings ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Official ▁Report ▁ ▁Fre est yle ▁ 9 0 kg <0x0A> </s> ▁Ole - K rist ian ▁Hope ▁( born ▁ca ▁ 1 9 6 5 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Norwegian ▁econom ist ,
▁and ▁Professor ▁of ▁Account ing ▁at ▁the ▁Rot man ▁School ▁of ▁Management , ▁particularly ▁known ▁for ▁his ▁work ▁on ▁account ing ▁standards ▁and ▁dis closure ▁practices . ▁ ▁Biography ▁ ▁Hope ▁obtained ▁his ▁S ivil ø k onom ▁degree ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁from ▁the ▁Norwegian ▁School ▁of ▁Econom ics , ▁his ▁M BA ▁with ▁High ▁Dist inction ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁from ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Michigan . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁he ▁received ▁his ▁Ph D ▁in ▁Account ing ▁Information ▁and ▁Management ▁at ▁the ▁Kel log g ▁School ▁of ▁Management ▁with ▁a ▁th esis ▁entitled ▁" A ▁Study ▁of ▁International ▁Vari ations ▁in ▁the ▁Fin an cial ▁Report ing ▁Environment , ▁Dis closure ▁Pract ices ▁and ▁Anal yst s ’ ▁Fore cast s ." ▁ ▁After ▁his ▁gradu ation ▁in ▁Norway , ▁Hope ▁served ▁in ▁the ▁Norwegian ▁Air ▁Force ▁from ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁to ▁ 1 9 8 9 . ▁Back ▁from ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁he ▁started ▁working ▁in ▁industry ▁as ▁financial ▁Anal yst ▁for ▁Nor sk ▁H ydro , ▁and ▁was ▁aud itor ▁Co op ers ▁& ▁Ly brand ▁and ▁C FO ▁at ▁Mc Donald ’ s ▁Norway . ▁Back ▁in ▁the ▁States ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁he ▁started ▁his ▁academic ▁career ▁as ▁lect urer ▁at ▁the ▁Kel log g ▁School ▁of ▁Management , ▁and ▁was ▁Vis iting ▁Professor ▁at ▁the ▁Hels ink i ▁School ▁of ▁Econom ics . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 1
▁he ▁joined ▁the ▁Rot man ▁School ▁of ▁Management ▁of ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Toronto ▁as ▁Associ ate ▁Professor ▁and ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁was ▁appointed ▁Professor ▁of ▁Account ing . ▁ ▁Hope ' s ▁research ▁interests ▁are ▁in ▁the ▁broad ▁field ▁of ▁" fin an cial ▁dis closure , ▁financial ▁reporting ▁quality , ▁corpor ate ▁govern ance , ▁anal yst s , ▁valu ation , ▁aud iting , ▁private ▁fir ms , ▁corpor ate ▁fin ance , ▁and ▁international ▁business ▁issues ." ▁ ▁Publications ▁ ▁Hope ▁has ▁author ed ▁and ▁co - author ed ▁numerous ▁publications ▁in ▁his ▁field ▁of ▁expert ise . ▁Articles , ▁A ▁selection : ▁ ▁Hope , ▁Ole ‐ K rist ian . ▁" Dis closure ▁practices , ▁enfor cement ▁of ▁account ing ▁standards , ▁and ▁anal yst s ' ▁forec ast ▁accuracy : ▁An ▁international ▁study ." ▁Journal ▁of ▁account ing ▁research ▁ 4 1 . 2 ▁( 2 0 0 3 ): ▁ 2 3 5 - 2 7 2 . ▁ ▁Hope , ▁Ole ‐ K rist ian . ▁" F irm ‐ level ▁dis clos ures ▁and ▁the ▁relative ▁roles ▁of ▁culture ▁and ▁legal ▁origin ." ▁Journal ▁of ▁International ▁Fin an cial ▁Management ▁& ▁Account ing ▁ 1 4 . 3 ▁( 2 0 0 3 ): ▁ 2 1 8 - 2 4 8 . ▁ ▁D ing , ▁Y ., ▁Hope , ▁O . ▁K ., ▁Jean je an , ▁T ., ▁& ▁St ol owy , ▁H . ▁( 2 0
0 7 ). ▁D iffer ences ▁between ▁domestic ▁account ing ▁standards ▁and ▁I AS : ▁Me asure ment , ▁determin ants ▁and ▁imp lications . ▁Journal ▁of ▁Account ing ▁and ▁Public ▁Policy , ▁ 2 6 ( 1 ), ▁ 1 - 3 8 . ▁ ▁Hope , ▁Ole - K rist ian , ▁and ▁Wayne ▁B . ▁Thomas . ▁" Manager ial ▁emp ire ▁building ▁and ▁firm ▁dis closure ." ▁Journal ▁of ▁Account ing ▁Research ▁ 4 6 . 3 ▁( 2 0 0 8 ): ▁ 5 9 1 - 6 2 6 . ▁ ▁Hope , ▁Ole - K rist ian , ▁and ▁John ▁Christian ▁Lang li . ▁" A ud itor ▁independence ▁in ▁a ▁private ▁firm ▁and ▁low ▁lit ig ation ▁risk ▁setting ." ▁The ▁Account ing ▁Review ▁ 8 5 . 2 ▁( 2 0 1 0 ): ▁ 5 7 3 - 6 0 5 . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁Ole - K rist ian ▁Hope ▁at ▁Rot man ▁School ▁of ▁Management ▁ ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁birth ▁missing ▁( l iving ▁people ) ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : N or weg ian ▁econom ists ▁Category : N or weg ian ▁business ▁the or ists ▁Category : N or weg ian ▁School ▁of ▁Econom ics ▁al umn i ▁Category : K el log g ▁School ▁of ▁Management ▁al umn i ▁Category : N orth western ▁University ▁fac ulty ▁Category : Univers ity ▁of ▁Toronto ▁fac ulty ▁Category : R oss ▁School ▁of ▁Business
▁al umn i <0x0A> </s> ▁Georgia ▁Am anda ▁El w iss ▁( born ▁ 3 1 ▁May ▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁in ▁Wol ver ham pton , ▁West ▁Mid lands , ▁England ) ▁is ▁an ▁English ▁international ▁cr ick eter . ▁ ▁She ▁was ▁raised ▁in ▁Wol ver ham pton ▁with ▁her ▁brother ▁Luke ▁and ▁is ▁a ▁right ▁arm ▁medium ▁fast ▁bow ler ▁and ▁right ▁handed ▁b ats man . ▁ ▁She ▁has ▁played ▁for ▁the ▁Diam onds ▁in ▁the ▁UK ▁and ▁gained ▁experience ▁with ▁A CT ▁Women ▁in ▁Australia ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 / 1 1 ▁season . ▁ ▁She ▁was ▁picked ▁for ▁the ▁England ▁one ▁day ▁tour ▁of ▁South ▁Africa ▁in ▁October ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁and ▁made ▁her ▁one - day ▁international ▁debut ▁for ▁England ▁against ▁South ▁Africa ▁at ▁Pot che f st room ▁on ▁ 2 3 ▁October ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁ ▁She ▁made ▁her ▁Tw enty / 2 0 ▁debut ▁on ▁the ▁same ▁tour ▁at ▁Pot che f st room ▁on ▁Oct ▁ 3 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁ ▁El w iss ▁attended ▁Wol ver ham pton ▁Girls ' ▁High ▁School ▁from ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁until ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁and ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁study ▁at ▁L ough borough ▁University ▁and ▁then ▁on ▁to ▁L ough borough ▁M CC ▁University ▁▁ ▁She ▁is ▁the ▁holder ▁of ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁tr anche ▁of ▁ 1 8 ▁EC B ▁central ▁contract s ▁for
▁women ▁players , ▁which ▁were ▁announced ▁in ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁ ▁In ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁she ▁was ▁named ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁England ▁women ' s ▁Academy ▁squad ▁tour ▁to ▁Dub ai , ▁where ▁England ▁women ▁will ▁play ▁their ▁Australian ▁counter parts ▁in ▁two ▁ 5 0 - over ▁games , ▁and ▁two ▁Tw enty 2 0 ▁matches . ▁ ▁El w iss ▁was ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁winning ▁women ' s ▁team ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁Women ' s ▁Cr icket ▁World ▁Cup ▁held ▁in ▁England . ▁ ▁In ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 8 , ▁she ▁was ▁named ▁in ▁the ▁Melbourne ▁Stars ' ▁squad ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 8 – 1 9 ▁Women ' s ▁Big ▁Bash ▁League ▁season . ▁In ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁she ▁was ▁awarded ▁a ▁full ▁central ▁contract ▁by ▁the ▁England ▁and ▁Wales ▁Cr icket ▁Board ▁( EC B ) ▁for ▁ 2 0 1 9 . ▁In ▁January ▁ 2 0 2 0 , ▁she ▁was ▁named ▁in ▁England ' s ▁squad ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 2 0 ▁I CC ▁Women ' s ▁T 2 0 ▁World ▁Cup ▁in ▁Australia . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 9 1 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : ACT ▁M ete ors ▁cr ick eters ▁Category : English ▁women ▁cr ick eters ▁Category : Eng land ▁women ▁Test ▁cr ick eters ▁Category : Eng land
▁women ▁One ▁Day ▁International ▁cr ick eters ▁Category : Eng land ▁women ▁Tw enty 2 0 ▁International ▁cr ick eters ▁Category : L ough borough ▁Light ning ▁( W CS L ) ▁cr ick eters ▁Category : Pe ople ▁educated ▁at ▁Wol ver ham pton ▁Girls ' ▁High ▁School ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Wol ver ham pton ▁Category : St aff ord shire ▁women ▁cr ick eters ▁Category : S us sex ▁women ▁cr ick eters <0x0A> </s> ▁" Ind ian ▁Summer " ▁is ▁a ▁popular ▁English ▁poem ▁by ▁celebrated ▁Indian ▁poet ▁Jay anta ▁Mah ap atra . ▁The ▁poem ▁is ▁widely ▁anth olog ised ▁in ▁important ▁poetry ▁collections ▁and ▁is ▁used ▁as ▁standard ▁reading ▁material ▁in ▁the ▁English ▁sy ll ab us ▁of ▁most ▁Indian ▁schools , ▁colleg es ▁and ▁univers ities . ▁The ▁poem ▁was ▁originally ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁his ▁collection ▁A ▁Rain ▁of ▁R ites . ▁ ▁Ex cer pts ▁from ▁the ▁poem ▁ ▁Over ▁the ▁s ough ing ▁of ▁the ▁som bre ▁wind ▁Pri ests ▁chant ▁l ou der ▁than ▁ever . ▁The ▁mouth ▁of ▁India ▁opens ▁: ▁ ▁Cro cod iles ▁move ▁into ▁deeper ▁waters . ▁ ▁The ▁good ▁wife ▁lies ▁on ▁my ▁bed ▁through ▁the ▁long ▁afternoon ▁dream ing ▁st il , ▁not ▁exha usted ▁by ▁the ▁deep ▁ro ar ▁of ▁fun eral ▁py res . ▁▁ ▁* **** ** ▁ ▁Str ucture ▁and ▁criticism ▁The ▁poem ▁is ▁remarkable ▁for ▁clear ▁and ▁exact ▁imag ery , ▁jud icious ▁choice ▁of ▁words ▁and ▁compact ness . ▁The
▁diction ▁has ▁a ▁de cept ive ▁simplicity . ▁ ▁Although ▁the ▁poem ▁describes ▁a ▁typical ▁Indian ▁summer , ▁many ▁critics ▁have ▁commented ▁that ▁the ▁poem ▁is ▁a ▁ve iled ▁comment ary ▁on ▁the ▁" s uffer ing ▁woman ". ▁Some ▁others ▁have ▁commented ▁that ▁it ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁amateur ▁po ems ▁of ▁Mah ap atra ▁despite ▁the ▁original ▁po etic ▁sens ibility . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Indian ▁poetry ▁Indian ▁English ▁literature ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Category : English - language ▁po ems ▁Category : Ind ian ▁English ▁po ems ▁Category : Ind ian ▁po ems ▁Category : 1 9 7 6 ▁po ems <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Fal con ▁is ▁the ▁nick name ▁for ▁two ▁fict ional ▁detect ives . ▁Dre x el ▁Dra ke ▁( real ▁name ▁Charles ▁H . ▁H uff ) ▁created ▁Michael ▁War ing , ▁alias ▁the ▁Fal con , ▁a ▁free - l ance ▁investig ator ▁and ▁troubles ho oter , ▁in ▁his ▁ 1 9 3 6 ▁novel , ▁The ▁Fal con ' s ▁Pre y . ▁It ▁was ▁followed ▁by ▁two ▁more ▁nov els ▁-- ▁The ▁Fal con ▁C uts ▁In , ▁ 1 9 3 7 , ▁and ▁The ▁Fal con ▁Me ets ▁a ▁Lady , ▁ 1 9 3 8 ▁-- ▁and ▁a ▁ 1 9 3 8 ▁short ▁story . ▁Michael ▁Ar len ▁created ▁Gay ▁Stan ho pe ▁Fal con ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 . ▁This ▁Fal con ▁made ▁his ▁first ▁appearance ▁in ▁Ar len ' s ▁short ▁story ▁" G ay
▁Fal con " ▁( aka ▁" A ▁Man ▁Cal led ▁Fal con "), ▁which ▁was ▁originally ▁published ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 ▁in ▁Town ▁& ▁Country ▁magazine . ▁The ▁story ▁opens ▁with ▁the ▁words ▁" Now ▁of ▁this ▁man ▁who ▁called ▁himself ▁Gay ▁Fal con ▁many ▁tales ▁are ▁told , ▁and ▁this ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁them ". ▁Ar len ' s ▁Fal con ▁is ▁character ized ▁as ▁a ▁fre el ance ▁advent urer ▁and ▁troubles ho oter ▁– ▁a ▁man ▁who ▁makes ▁his ▁living ▁" keep ing ▁his ▁mouth ▁shut ▁and ▁eng aging ▁in ▁dangerous ▁enter pr ises ." ▁ ▁Film ▁appearances ▁ ▁Ar len ' s ▁Fal con ▁was ▁quickly ▁brought ▁to ▁the ▁screen ▁by ▁R K O . ▁The ▁ 1 9 4 1 ▁movie ▁The ▁Gay ▁Fal con ▁re defined ▁the ▁character ▁as ▁a ▁su ave ▁English ▁gentleman ▁detect ive ▁with ▁a ▁weak ness ▁for ▁beautiful ▁women . ▁The ▁film ▁was ▁intended ▁to ▁establish ▁a ▁replacement ▁character ▁for ▁Les lie ▁Char ter is ' ▁Simon ▁Tem pl ar , ▁a ka ▁The ▁Saint , ▁who ▁had ▁appeared ▁in ▁a ▁popular ▁R K O ▁film ▁series . ▁To ▁that ▁end , ▁George ▁Sand ers , ▁star ▁of ▁The ▁Saint ▁series , ▁was ▁cast ▁in ▁the ▁Fal con ▁role . ▁▁ ▁Though ▁Gay ▁Fal con ▁was ▁the ▁character ' s ▁name ▁in ▁Ar len ' s ▁original ▁story , ▁the ▁character ▁was ▁renamed ▁Gay ▁Laur ence ▁for ▁the ▁film . ▁( The ▁surname ▁was ▁sp elled ▁" L aw rence "
▁in ▁subsequent ▁films .) ▁Thus ▁" The ▁Fal con " ▁became ▁an ▁alias , ▁or ▁nick name ▁( à ▁la ▁" The ▁Saint "). ▁In ▁later ▁out ings , ▁in ▁various ▁media , ▁the ▁character ▁had ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁" real ▁names ," ▁while ▁still ▁being ▁known ▁as ▁The ▁Fal con . ▁Ne ither ▁in ▁films ▁nor ▁on ▁radio ▁was ▁the ▁nick name ▁ever ▁explained . ▁▁ ▁Sand ers ▁appeared ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁three ▁Fal con ▁films , ▁which ▁followed ▁the ▁" Saint " ▁pattern ▁so ▁closely ▁that ▁author ▁Char ter is ▁su ed ▁R K O ▁for ▁pl ag iar ism . ▁( Ch arter is ▁pok es ▁fun ▁at ▁The ▁Fal con ▁in ▁his ▁ 1 9 4 3 ▁novel ▁The ▁Saint ▁Ste ps ▁In , ▁with ▁a ▁character ▁making ▁a ▁meta f ict ional ▁reference ▁to ▁the ▁Fal con ▁being ▁" a ▁b arg ain - bas ement ▁im itation " ▁of ▁The ▁Saint .) ▁ ▁The ▁Fal con ▁is ▁almost ▁always ▁accompanied ▁in ▁his ▁travel s ▁by ▁a ▁wis ec rack ing ▁side k ick , ▁port rayed ▁various ly ▁by ▁Allen ▁Jenkins ▁( in ▁the ▁first ▁three ▁Sand ers ▁films ), ▁Cl iff ▁Edwards , ▁Don ▁Bar cl ay , ▁Edward ▁Bro phy , ▁and ▁V ince ▁Bar nett . ▁▁ ▁When ▁Sand ers ▁tired ▁of ▁B ▁leads , ▁he ▁bow ed ▁out ▁of ▁the ▁series ▁in ▁The ▁Fal con ' s ▁Bro ther ▁( 1 9 4 2 ). ▁In ▁the ▁film , ▁Gay ▁Lawrence ' s
▁brother , ▁Tom ▁Lawrence , ▁became ▁the ▁new ▁Fal con , ▁and ▁was ▁port rayed ▁by ▁Sand ers ' ▁actual ▁brother , ▁Tom ▁Con way . ▁After ▁The ▁Fal con ' s ▁Bro ther , ▁Con way ▁star red ▁in ▁nine ▁more ▁Fal con ▁films ▁through ▁ 1 9 4 6 . ▁▁ ▁As ▁with ▁other ▁series ▁of ▁B ▁mystery ▁films , ▁the ▁plot ▁of ▁a ▁Fal con ▁movie ▁generally ▁revol ved ▁around ▁a ▁particular ▁locale ▁that ▁the ▁detect ive ▁was ▁visit ing . ▁An ▁oft - used ▁g imm ick ▁in ▁the ▁Fal con ▁series ▁was ▁to ▁tack ▁" te aser " ▁ep ilog ues ▁onto ▁the ▁ends ▁of ▁films . ▁In ▁a ▁te aser , ▁a ▁previously ▁un seen ▁character ▁would ▁approach ▁the ▁Fal con , ▁usually ▁in ▁com ic ▁fashion , ▁and ▁signal ▁the ▁title ▁and ▁locale ▁of ▁his ▁next ▁movie . ▁A ▁te aser ▁rarely ▁had ▁anything ▁to ▁do ▁with ▁the ▁plot ▁of ▁the ▁up coming ▁film , ▁since ▁that ▁film ▁had ▁not ▁yet ▁been ▁produced . ▁▁ ▁The ▁Fal con ▁was ▁rev ived ▁for ▁three ▁more ▁films , ▁all ▁made ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 8 , ▁but ▁these ▁featured ▁the ▁earlier ▁" Michael ▁War ing " ▁character ▁as ▁created ▁by ▁Dre x el ▁Dra ke . ▁However , ▁he ▁was ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁" W at ling " ▁and ▁the ▁cred its ▁still ▁claimed ▁he ▁was ▁based ▁on ▁a ▁character ▁created ▁by ▁Michael ▁Ar len . ▁ ▁A ctor - mag ician ▁John ▁Cal vert ▁played ▁"
The ▁New ▁Fal con " ▁in ▁three ▁low - bud get ▁features ▁produced ▁by ▁Film ▁Class ics . ▁The ▁character ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁appear ▁( as ▁Michael ▁War ing ) ▁in ▁radio ▁and ▁television ▁– ▁Charles ▁McG raw ▁port rayed ▁the ▁Fal con ▁in ▁the ▁ 3 9 - ep is ode ▁synd ic ated ▁television ▁series ▁Advent ures ▁of ▁the ▁Fal con ▁( 1 9 5 4 – 5 5 ). ▁ ▁Film ▁series ▁St arring ▁George ▁Sand ers ▁as ▁Gay ▁Lawrence ▁The ▁Gay ▁Fal con ▁( 1 9 4 1 ) ▁A ▁Date ▁with ▁the ▁Fal con ▁( 1 9 4 2 ) ▁The ▁Fal con ▁T akes ▁Over ▁( 1 9 4 2 ) ▁( based ▁on ▁Raymond ▁Ch and ler ' s ▁F are well , ▁My ▁Lov ely ) ▁St arring ▁George ▁Sand ers ▁and ▁Tom ▁Con way ▁as ▁the ▁Lawrence ▁brothers ; ▁Gay ▁is ▁murder ed ▁and ▁Tom ▁Lawrence , ▁his ▁brother , ▁becomes ▁The ▁Fal con ▁The ▁Fal con ' s ▁Bro ther ▁( 1 9 4 2 ) ▁St arring ▁Tom ▁Con way ▁as ▁Tom ▁Lawrence ▁The ▁Fal con ▁St rik es ▁Back ▁( 1 9 4 3 ) ▁The ▁Fal con ▁in ▁D anger ▁( 1 9 4 3 ) ▁The ▁Fal con ▁and ▁the ▁Co - eds ▁( 1 9 4 3 ) ▁The ▁Fal con ▁Out ▁West ▁( 1 9 4 4 ) ▁The ▁Fal con ▁in ▁Mexico ▁( 1 9 4 4 ) ▁The ▁Fal con ▁in ▁Hollywood ▁( 1 9
4 4 ) ▁The ▁Fal con ▁in ▁San ▁Francisco ▁( 1 9 4 5 ) ▁The ▁Fal con ' s ▁A lib i ▁( 1 9 4 6 ) ▁The ▁Fal con ' s ▁Advent ure ▁( 1 9 4 6 ) ▁St arring ▁John ▁Cal vert ▁as ▁Michael ▁War ing ▁The ▁Dev il ' s ▁C argo ▁( 1 9 4 8 ) ▁App oint ment ▁with ▁Mur der ▁( 1 9 4 8 ) ▁Search ▁for ▁D anger ▁( 1 9 4 9 ) ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁The ▁Fal con ▁On ▁the ▁Tra il ▁of ▁Dre x el ▁Dra ke ' s ▁Fal con : ▁An ▁On - going ▁Investig ation ▁by ▁Frank ▁Der ato ▁ ▁Category : F ict ional ▁detect ives ▁Category : Fil m ▁series <0x0A> </s> ▁Christian ▁P ou get ▁( born ▁January ▁ 1 1 , ▁ 1 9 6 6 ▁in ▁G ap , ▁France ) ▁is ▁a ▁retired ▁French ▁professional ▁ice ▁hockey ▁player . ▁ ▁Ach iev ements ▁ ▁Olympic ▁career ▁P ou get ▁competed ▁in ▁three ▁Olympics ▁representing ▁France ▁- ▁ 1 9 8 8 , ▁ 1 9 9 2 , ▁and ▁ 1 9 9 8 . ▁ ▁At ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁games ▁he ▁scored ▁the ▁game ▁winning ▁goal ▁against ▁Japan . ▁ ▁Career ▁statistics ▁ ▁Deutsche ▁E ish ockey ▁Liga ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 6 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Br û le urs
▁de ▁L oups ▁players ▁Category : Ch am on ix ▁H C ▁players ▁Category : F rench ▁exp atri ate ▁ice ▁hockey ▁people ▁Category : F rench ▁exp atri ate ▁sports people ▁in ▁Canada ▁Category : F rench ▁ice ▁hockey ▁left ▁w ingers ▁Category : I ce ▁hockey ▁players ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁Winter ▁Olympics ▁Category : I ce ▁hockey ▁players ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁Winter ▁Olympics ▁Category : I ce ▁hockey ▁players ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁Winter ▁Olympics ▁Category : O lymp ic ▁ice ▁hockey ▁players ▁of ▁France ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁G ap , ▁Haut es - Al pes ▁Category : R ap aces ▁de ▁G ap ▁players ▁Category : T ro is - R ivi ères ▁Dra ve urs ▁players ▁Category : S ports people ▁from ▁Haut es - Al pes <0x0A> </s> ▁Robert ▁Jan ▁Verb elen ▁( 5 ▁April ▁ 1 9 1 1 , ▁Her ent , ▁Belg ium ▁– ▁ 2 8 ▁August ▁ 1 9 9 0 , ▁Vienna , ▁Austria ) ▁was ▁a ▁Belg ian ▁Naz i ▁collabor ator . ▁During ▁the ▁last ▁years ▁of ▁the ▁War , ▁Verb elen ▁was ▁head ▁of ▁the ▁De ▁V lag ▁Ve il ig heid sc or ps , ▁a ▁Naz i ▁SS ▁security ▁force ▁in ▁Belg ium . ▁In ▁that ▁function ▁he ▁assass in ated ▁Alexandre ▁Gal op in , ▁director ▁of ▁the ▁Société ▁Gén éra le ▁de ▁Belgique , ▁and ▁tried ▁to ▁murder ▁Albert ▁Dev è ze
, ▁Minister ▁of ▁State , ▁Charles ▁Coll ard - de ▁Slo over e , ▁Att orney ▁General , ▁and ▁Robert ▁de ▁F oy , ▁former ▁State ▁Security ▁director . ▁He ▁was ▁sent enced ▁to ▁the ▁death ▁penalty ▁by ▁a ▁Belg ian ▁court ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 7 , ▁who ▁found ▁him ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁death s ▁of ▁ 1 0 1 ▁Belg ian ▁resistance ▁f igh ters . ▁ ▁After ▁the ▁liber ation ▁of ▁Belg ium ▁in ▁the ▁Second ▁World ▁War , ▁Verb elen ▁fled ▁through ▁Germany ▁to ▁Austria , ▁where ▁for ▁eight ▁years ▁he ▁worked ▁for ▁the ▁C ounter ▁Int elligence ▁Corps ▁of ▁the ▁US ▁Army , ▁while ▁he ▁already ▁was ▁conv icted ▁as ▁war ▁criminal ▁in ▁Belg ium . ▁He ▁obtained ▁Aust rian ▁citizens hip ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 9 . ▁He ▁was ▁charged ▁with ▁five ▁mur ders ▁in ▁a ▁ 1 9 6 5 ▁war ▁crime ▁trial ▁in ▁Austria , ▁but ▁was ▁acqu itted ▁of ▁war ▁cr imes . ▁ ▁Liter ature ▁▁ ▁Ger ald ▁Stein acher , ▁Naz is ▁auf ▁der ▁Fl ucht . ▁Wie ▁Kriegs ver bre cher ▁über ▁Italien ▁nach ▁Über see ▁ent k amen . ▁Studien ver lag ▁Wien - In ns b ruck - M ün chen ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁Robert ▁Jan ▁Verb elen ▁and ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Government : ▁A ▁Report ▁to ▁the ▁Ass istant ▁Att orney ▁General , ▁C riminal ▁Division ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 1 1 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 9
0 ▁death s ▁Category : Bel g ian ▁collabor ators ▁with ▁Naz i ▁Germany ▁Category : Bel g ian ▁people ▁conv icted ▁of ▁war ▁cr imes ▁Category : Bel g ian ▁prisoners ▁sent enced ▁to ▁death ▁Category : Pr ison ers ▁sent enced ▁to ▁death ▁by ▁Belg ium ▁Category : Pe ople ▁sent enced ▁to ▁death ▁in ▁absent ia ▁Category : N atural ised ▁citizens ▁of ▁Austria <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Dev ri ès ▁family ▁were ▁oper atic ▁sing ers ▁over ▁three ▁gener ations , ▁of ▁Dutch ▁descent . ▁They ▁were ▁mainly ▁active ▁in ▁France , ▁Belg ium ▁and ▁the ▁USA ▁in ▁the ▁second ▁half ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁and ▁the ▁early ▁ 2 0 th ▁centuries . ▁ ▁Rosa ▁de ▁V ries - van ▁Os ▁A ▁sop rano ▁( 1 2 ▁April ▁ 1 8 2 8 , ▁The ▁H ague ▁- ▁ 3 0 ▁March ▁ 1 8 8 9 , ▁Rome ), ▁who ▁made ▁her ▁debut ▁in ▁The ▁H ague , ▁and ▁sang ▁at ▁the ▁Thé âtre ▁d ' O rl é ans ▁in ▁New ▁Orleans , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁Canada ▁and ▁Italy . ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁mother ▁of ▁Jean ne , ▁F id ès , ▁Maurice ▁and ▁Hermann . ▁ ▁Jean ne ▁Dev ri ès ▁A ▁sop rano , ▁born ▁in ▁New ▁Orleans ▁before ▁ 1 8 5 0 , ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 4 , ▁Jean ne ▁Dev ri ès ▁made ▁her ▁debut ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 1 7 ▁at ▁the ▁Paris ▁Thé âtre
▁Ly rique ▁in ▁June ▁ 1 8 6 7 ▁as ▁Am ina ▁in ▁La ▁son n amb ula ▁( in ▁French ), ▁when ▁she ▁was ▁pra ised ▁by ▁one ▁critic , ▁who ▁non eth eless ▁felt ▁that ▁she ▁was ▁not ▁a ▁new ▁Mal ib ran . ▁ ▁She ▁took ▁over ▁the ▁title ▁role ▁of ▁Catherine ▁Glo ver ▁for ▁the ▁premi ere ▁of ▁La ▁j ol ie ▁fille ▁de ▁Per th ▁at ▁the ▁same ▁theatre ▁( origin ally ▁intended ▁for ▁Christ ina ▁Nil sson ) ▁later ▁in ▁ 1 8 6 7 , ▁and ▁also ▁sang ▁Mar tha , ▁and ▁Ros ina ▁in ▁The ▁Bar ber ▁of ▁Se ville . ▁ ▁She ▁married ▁a ▁Conserv atoire ▁prize - w inner ▁named ▁D ere ims , ▁described ▁as ▁an ▁' int ellig ent ▁singer ' ▁who ▁sang ▁widely ▁in ▁France ▁and ▁outside , ▁and ▁tou red ▁with ▁him ▁to ▁Lis bon ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 8 . ▁App ear ing ▁as ▁Jean ne ▁Dev ri ès - D ere ims ▁in ▁Br uss els , ▁she ▁sang ▁in ▁Les ▁diam ants ▁de ▁la ▁cour onne ▁( Cat arina ) ▁and ▁Fa ust ▁( M arg uer ite ) ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 2 - 1 8 7 3 ; ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 8 7 9 - 8 0 ▁season ▁the ▁Queen ▁of ▁the ▁Night ▁in ▁La ▁fl û te ▁en chant ée ▁( N uit ter / Be aum ont ). ▁The ▁rest ▁of ▁her ▁career ▁was ▁spent ▁in ▁France . ▁
▁F id ès ▁Dev ri ès ▁ ▁F id ès ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁New ▁Orleans ▁on ▁ 2 2 ▁April ▁ 1 8 5 2 , ▁and ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 1 , ▁and ▁was ▁a ▁sop rano ▁who ▁studied ▁under ▁Dup rez . ▁She ▁made ▁her ▁debut ▁as ▁Rose - de - M ai ▁in ▁Le ▁val ▁d ' And or re ▁at ▁the ▁Thé âtre ▁Ly rique ▁in ▁October ▁ 1 8 6 8 . ▁After ▁a ▁couple ▁of ▁seasons ▁at ▁La ▁Mon na ie ▁in ▁Br uss els , ▁she ▁joined ▁the ▁Paris ▁Opera ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 1 , ▁where ▁her ▁re per toire ▁included ▁Mar guer ite ▁in ▁Fa ust , ▁O ph é lie ▁in ▁Ham let , ▁Isabel le ▁in ▁Robert ▁le ▁di able , ▁Ag at he ▁in ▁Le ▁Fre isch utz , ▁In ès ▁and ▁S éli ka ▁in ▁L ’ A frica ine , ▁El vi ra ▁in ▁Don ▁Juan , ▁Math ilde ▁in ▁Guillaume ▁Tell ▁and ▁E ud ox ie ▁in ▁La ▁Ju ive . ▁ ▁In ▁February ▁ 1 8 7 3 ▁Dev ri ès ▁took ▁the ▁solo ▁sop rano ▁part ▁in ▁Be eth oven ’ s ▁Ch oral ▁Sym phony ▁with ▁the ▁Société ▁des ▁Con cert s ▁du ▁Conserv atoire , ▁along ▁with ▁an ▁aria ▁from ▁Don ▁Giovanni . ▁ ▁She ▁interrupted ▁her ▁career ▁from ▁April ▁ 1 8 7 4 ▁to ▁ 1 8 8 3 , ▁after ▁which ▁she ▁appeared ▁at ▁the ▁Thé âtre -
Ital ien ▁directed ▁by ▁Victor ▁Ma ure l , ▁singing ▁in ▁Simon ▁B oc can eg ra ▁and ▁H é rod ia de . ▁Back ▁at ▁the ▁Op éra , ▁after ▁tour ing ▁to ▁Monte - Car lo , ▁Madrid , ▁Lis bon ▁and ▁the ▁Netherlands , ▁she ▁created ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁Ch im ène ▁in ▁the ▁premi ere ▁of ▁Le ▁C id ▁on ▁ 3 0 ▁November ▁ 1 8 8 5 . ▁Her ▁final ▁major ▁appearance ▁was ▁as ▁El sa ▁in ▁the ▁French ▁premi ere ▁of ▁L ohen gr in ▁on ▁ 3 ▁May ▁ 1 8 8 7 , ▁before ▁ret iring ▁from ▁the ▁stage ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 9 . ▁ ▁Maurice ▁Dev ri ès ▁Born ▁New ▁York ▁in ▁ 1 8 5 4 , ▁died ▁Chicago ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 9 , ▁Maurice ▁was ▁a ▁bar it one . ▁He ▁made ▁his ▁debut ▁in ▁Lie ge ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 4 ▁as ▁Ne vers ▁in ▁Les ▁H ug uen ots . ▁Having ▁been ▁engaged ▁at ▁La ▁Mon na ie ▁in ▁Br uss els , ▁he ▁created ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁Gun ther ▁in ▁Sig urd ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 4 . ▁His ▁career ▁also ▁extended ▁to ▁Italy ▁and ▁the ▁USA , ▁where ▁he ▁appeared ▁for ▁the ▁Metropolitan ▁Opera ▁from ▁ 1 8 9 5 - 9 8 ▁both ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁and ▁on ▁tour ; ▁his ▁re per toire ▁there ▁included ▁Rom éo ▁et ▁Jul iet te , ▁Car men , ▁Fa ust , ▁the
▁United ▁States ▁premi ere ▁of ▁La ▁Navar raise , ▁P aglia c ci , ▁F idel io , ▁La ▁Tra vi ata , ▁Les ▁P ê che urs ▁de ▁Per les , ▁Cav all eria ▁R ust icana , ▁Man on , ▁Die ▁Meister sing er ▁von ▁N ür n berg ▁and ▁L ohen gr in . ▁ ▁Hermann ▁Dev ri ès ▁Born ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁in ▁ 1 8 5 8 , ▁died ▁in ▁Chicago ▁ 1 9 4 9 , ▁Hermann ▁was ▁a ▁bar it one , ▁sometimes ▁term ed ▁a ▁bass . ▁After ▁studying ▁with ▁Fa ure ▁he ▁made ▁his ▁debut ▁at ▁the ▁Paris ▁Opera ▁in ▁ 1 8 7 8 , ▁and ▁had ▁become ▁a ▁leading ▁bass ▁in ▁the ▁ch orus ▁of ▁the ▁Op éra , ▁where ▁his ▁family ▁ren own ▁may ▁have ▁led ▁to ▁an ▁eng agement ▁at ▁the ▁Op éra - Com ique ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 0 ▁for ▁his ▁debut ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁of ▁ 5 0 ▁performances ▁there ▁as ▁L oth ario ▁in ▁M ignon . ▁For ▁the ▁Metropolitan ▁Opera ▁he ▁sang ▁from ▁ 1 8 9 8 ▁to ▁ 1 9 0 0 ▁in ▁Rom éo ▁et ▁Jul iet te , ▁Il ▁Bar bi ere ▁di ▁S iv iglia , ▁Fa ust , ▁Les ▁H ug uen ots , ▁Car men , ▁Don ▁Giovanni , ▁Das ▁R he ing old , ▁Le ▁Pro ph ète ▁and ▁R igo let to . ▁ ▁David ▁Dev ri ès ▁Son ▁of ▁Maurice , ▁David ▁Dev ri
ès ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁leading ▁French ▁ten ors ▁of ▁his ▁day . ▁After ▁studies ▁at ▁the ▁Paris ▁Conserv atoire ▁he ▁had ▁a ▁distinguished ▁career ▁cent red ▁on ▁the ▁Paris ▁Op éra - Com ique . ▁He ▁left ▁several ▁record ings . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : D utch ▁opera ▁sing ers ▁Category : F rench ▁opera ▁sing ers ▁Category : Famil ies ▁of ▁classical ▁mus icians <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁first ▁Venez uel an ▁Ch ess ▁Championship ▁took ▁place ▁in ▁February ▁ 1 8 9 1 ▁when ▁Dr . ▁Rafael ▁Ru íz ▁defeated ▁Rafael ▁Pitt al uga ▁in ▁a ▁match ▁for ▁the ▁title ▁(+ 7 ▁= 2 ▁– 4 ). ▁In ▁the ▁second ▁match , ▁Rafael ▁Ru íz ▁drew ▁with ▁Carlos ▁Per ret ▁Gent il ▁(+ 7 ▁= 6 ▁– 7 ) ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 4 . ▁ ▁Carlos ▁Per ret ▁Gent il ▁won ▁the ▁Venez uel an ▁Championship ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 7 , ▁and ▁def ended ▁the ▁title ▁until ▁ 1 9 3 6 , ▁when ▁he ▁died . ▁The ▁first ▁national ▁championship ▁organized ▁by ▁Fed era ción ▁Venez ol ana ▁de ▁A jed rez ▁( F VA ) ▁was ▁held ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 8 . ▁Ja ime ▁Bog rad ▁( from ▁Roman ia ) ▁won , ▁ahead ▁of ▁S ady ▁Lo yn az ▁P á ez ▁( from ▁Venezuela ), ▁but ▁the ▁second ▁one ▁became ▁a ▁national ▁Venez uel an ▁Champion . ▁He ▁def ended ▁the ▁title ▁in ▁matches ▁against ▁Dr . ▁Manuel ▁Ac osta
▁Silva ▁( Car ac as , ▁ 1 9 3 9 ), ▁José ▁León ▁García ▁Dí az ▁( Mar aca ib o , ▁ 1 9 4 3 ), ▁O mar ▁Ben í te z ▁( Car ac as , ▁ 1 9 4 4 ) ▁and ▁H é ctor ▁Est é vez ▁( Car ac as , ▁ 1 9 4 6 ). ▁S ady ▁Lo yn az ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 0 , ▁and ▁Fed era ción ▁Venez ol ana ▁de ▁A jed rez ▁had ▁organized ▁two ▁separate ▁tournament s ▁( Cam pe onato ▁Nacional ▁and ▁Campeonato ▁de ▁Ext ran jer os ▁for ▁foreign ers ▁who ▁res ided ▁in ▁Venezuela ) ▁in ▁Car ac as ▁in ▁December ▁ 1 9 5 0 . ▁The ▁first ▁tournament ▁was ▁won ▁by ▁Jul io ▁García , ▁ahead ▁of ▁Ir win ▁Per ret ▁Gent il , ▁and ▁the ▁second ▁one ▁– ▁Ger ardo ▁Bud owski ▁( from ▁France ), ▁ahead ▁of ▁And rés ▁Sad de ▁( from ▁Lat via ). ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 5 1 , ▁Ger ardo ▁Bud owski , ▁( Cam pe ón ▁de ▁los ▁Ext ran jer os ), ▁beat ▁Jul io ▁García , ▁( Cam pe ón ▁Nacional ▁de ▁Venezuela ) ▁ 6 – 0 , ▁in ▁a ▁match ▁for ▁the ▁Campe ón ▁Ab sol uto ▁de ▁Venezuela ▁title . ▁ ▁W inners ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁W inners ▁list ▁ ▁Category : Ch ess ▁national ▁champion ships ▁Championship ▁Category : 1 8 9 1 ▁in ▁ch ess
▁Category : Rec urr ing ▁events ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 1 <0x0A> </s> ▁Bla k as ▁or ▁Bel ak as ▁is ▁a ▁general ▁name ▁for ▁any ▁sort ▁of ▁cle aver ▁or ▁large ▁kn ife ▁origin ating ▁from ▁B ali , ▁Indones ia ▁that ▁has ▁a ▁heavy ▁rect angular ▁bla de ▁with ▁a ▁straight ▁cutting ▁edge ▁used ▁for ▁cho pping . ▁Their ▁long , ▁round ▁h il ts ▁become ▁somewhat ▁th inner ▁to ▁one ▁or ▁both ▁ends . ▁The ▁bla de ▁usually ▁has ▁f anc iful ▁shape ▁and ▁enc r usted ▁mot ifs . ▁Sometimes ▁it ▁is ▁made ▁for ▁cer emon ial ▁purposes , ▁and ▁also ▁used ▁in ▁pairs ▁with ▁gol ok . ▁It ▁is ▁common ▁for ▁almost ▁every ▁Bal inese ▁household ▁to ▁own ▁a ▁Bla k as ▁because ▁the ▁bla de ▁is ▁in ▁every day ▁use ▁for ▁kitchen ▁ch ores , ▁in ▁the ▁orch ards , ▁and ▁in ▁cer emon ial ▁activities . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁▁ ▁Gol ok ▁ ▁Par ang ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : B lade ▁weapons ▁Category : D ag gers ▁Category : R it ual ▁weapons ▁Category : We ap ons ▁of ▁Indones ia ▁Category : Bal inese ▁culture <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Sk ern ▁Run estone , ▁designated ▁as ▁Dan ish ▁R unic ▁Ins cription ▁ 8 1 ▁or ▁DR ▁ 8 1 ▁in ▁the ▁Rund ata ▁catalog , ▁is ▁a ▁Vik ing ▁Age ▁mem orial ▁run estone ▁located ▁in ▁the ▁small ▁village ▁of ▁Sk j ern , ▁Den mark ▁between ▁V ib org ▁and ▁Rand
ers . ▁The ▁stone ▁features ▁a ▁fa cial ▁mask ▁and ▁a ▁run ic ▁ins cription ▁which ▁ends ▁in ▁a ▁cur se . ▁A ▁fragment ▁of ▁a ▁second ▁run estone ▁designated ▁as ▁DR ▁ 8 0 ▁was ▁also ▁found ▁in ▁Sk j ern . ▁ ▁Description ▁▁▁ ▁This ▁ins cription ▁consists ▁of ▁run ic ▁text ▁in ▁the ▁younger ▁f uth ark ▁that ▁circles ▁a ▁fa cial ▁mask , ▁with ▁text ▁listed ▁as ▁line ▁B ▁located ▁on ▁the ▁top ▁of ▁the ▁stone . ▁The ▁ins cription ▁is ▁class ified ▁as ▁being ▁car ved ▁in ▁run estone ▁style ▁RA K , ▁which ▁is ▁the ▁oldest ▁classification . ▁This ▁classification ▁is ▁used ▁for ▁ins cri ptions ▁where ▁the ▁run ic ▁bands ▁have ▁straight ▁ends ▁without ▁any ▁attached ▁ser pent ▁or ▁be ast ▁heads . ▁The ▁fa cial ▁mask ▁on ▁this ▁stone ▁is ▁a ▁common ▁mot if ▁and ▁is ▁found ▁on ▁several ▁other ▁Sc and in av ian ▁run est ones ▁including ▁DR ▁ 6 2 ▁in ▁S j elle , ▁DR ▁ 6 6 ▁in ▁Å r hus , ▁DR ▁ 2 5 8 ▁in ▁B ös arp , ▁the ▁now - lost ▁DR ▁ 2 8 6 ▁in ▁H unn est ad , ▁DR ▁ 3 1 4 ▁in ▁Lund , ▁DR ▁ 3 3 5 ▁in ▁V ä stra ▁Str ö , ▁V g ▁ 1 0 6 ▁in ▁L asse g år den , ▁S ö ▁ 8 6 ▁in ▁Å by ▁ä gor , ▁S ö ▁ 1 1 2 ▁in ▁Kol unda
, ▁S ö ▁ 1 6 7 ▁in ▁Land sh am mar , ▁S ö ▁ 3 6 7 ▁in ▁S lä bro , ▁Nä ▁ 3 4 ▁in ▁N asta , ▁U ▁ 5 0 8 ▁in ▁Gill berga , ▁U ▁ 6 7 0 ▁in ▁R öl unda , ▁U ▁ 6 7 8 ▁in ▁Sk ok loster , ▁U ▁ 8 2 4 ▁in ▁Hol ms , ▁U ▁ 1 0 3 4 ▁in ▁Ten sta , ▁and ▁U ▁ 1 1 5 0 ▁in ▁B jör k ling e , ▁and ▁on ▁the ▁S j elle bro ▁Stone . ▁The ▁Sk ern ▁Run estone ▁was ▁discovered ▁in ▁ 1 8 4 3 ▁in ▁the ▁foundation ▁of ▁a ▁st air case ▁in ▁the ▁ru ins ▁of ▁a ▁local ▁castle ▁d ating ▁from ▁the ▁ 1 4 th ▁century , ▁which ▁had ▁been ▁raz ed ▁in ▁ 1 6 2 6 ▁during ▁the ▁Th irty ▁Years ▁War . ▁Before ▁the ▁cultural ▁and ▁historic ▁significance ▁of ▁run est ones ▁was ▁understood , ▁they ▁were ▁often ▁re - used ▁in ▁the ▁construction ▁of ▁roads , ▁brid ges , ▁walls , ▁and ▁buildings . ▁The ▁ins cription ▁has ▁been ▁dated ▁as ▁being ▁car ved ▁approximately ▁ 1 0 0 0 ▁C . E . ▁ ▁The ▁run ic ▁text ▁states ▁that ▁the ▁stone ▁was ▁raised ▁by ▁a ▁woman ▁named ▁S as ger ð r ▁in ▁memory ▁of ▁Ó ð ink ár r ▁Á sb j ǫ rn son , ▁who ▁is ▁described ▁in ▁Old
▁Nor se ▁as ▁ þ an ▁dy ra ▁meaning ▁" valu ed " ▁or ▁" the ▁dear ▁one ." ▁The ▁run ic ▁text ▁ends ▁in ▁a ▁cur se , ▁which ▁is ▁on ▁line ▁B ▁on ▁the ▁top ▁of ▁the ▁stone , ▁and ▁calls ▁anyone ▁who ▁would ▁break ▁the ▁monument ▁a ▁si þ i . ▁This ▁word ▁is ▁translated ▁in ▁Rund ata ▁as ▁" s or cer er ," ▁but ▁actually ▁refers ▁to ▁a ▁" se i ð r ▁worker ." ▁During ▁the ▁Vik ing ▁Age ▁the ▁practice ▁of ▁sei ð r ▁by ▁men ▁had ▁con not ations ▁of ▁un man lin ess ▁or ▁eff em in acy ▁known ▁as ▁er gi , ▁and ▁aspects ▁of ▁this ▁sor c ery ▁ran ▁counter ▁to ▁the ▁male ▁ideal ▁of ▁forth right , ▁open ▁behavior . ▁Other ▁run est ones ▁with ▁similar ▁curs es ▁include ▁DR ▁ 8 3 ▁in ▁S ø nder ▁V inge , ▁DR ▁ 2 0 9 ▁in ▁G lav end rup , ▁DR ▁ 2 3 0 ▁from ▁Try g ge v æ l de , ▁DR ▁ 3 3 8 ▁in ▁G lem ming e , ▁and ▁V g ▁ 6 7 ▁in ▁S ale by . ▁ ▁Two ▁of ▁names ▁on ▁the ▁stone ▁have ▁been ▁of ▁interest ▁to ▁sch ol ars . ▁S as ger ð r ▁is ▁otherwise ▁unknown , ▁but ▁is ▁likely ▁derived ▁from ▁the ▁common ▁name ▁Á s ger ð r , ▁perhaps ▁as ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁children ' s ▁speech . ▁The ▁run es ▁u þ
ink aur ▁are ▁translated ▁as ▁Ó ð ink ár r , ▁a ▁the op hor ic ▁name ▁that ▁refers ▁to ▁the ▁Nor se ▁pag an ▁god ▁Od in ▁and ▁a ▁curl ▁of ▁hair , ▁suggesting ▁that ▁the ▁name ▁originally ▁may ▁have ▁referred ▁to ▁cult ic ▁initi ates ▁who ▁grew ▁long ▁hair . ▁In ▁this ▁connection , ▁it ▁is ▁possible ▁that ▁the ▁dro tt ▁or ▁lord ▁from ▁the ▁text ▁could ▁refer ▁to ▁Od in , ▁although ▁it ▁is ▁likely ▁that ▁the ▁lord ▁was ▁a ▁king ▁or ▁other ▁person ▁of ▁rank . ▁The ▁name ▁Ó ð ink ár r ▁is ▁also ▁used ▁in ▁the ▁ins cri ptions ▁in ▁a ▁possible ▁cult ic ▁reference ▁on ▁DR ▁ 4 ▁in ▁Hed eb y , ▁DR ▁ 1 3 3 ▁in ▁Sk iv um , ▁and ▁DR ▁ 2 3 9 ▁in ▁G ør lev . ▁In ▁addition , ▁it ▁has ▁been ▁suggested ▁that ▁K ár r ▁is ▁used ▁as ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁a ▁cult ic ▁initi ate ▁on ▁ins cription ▁V g ▁ 5 6 ▁in ▁K äll by ▁and ▁the ▁son ▁of ▁a ▁Nor se ▁priest ▁on ▁V g ▁ 7 3 ▁in ▁Syn ner by . ▁ ▁DR ▁ 8 1 ▁is ▁known ▁locally ▁as ▁the ▁Sk j ern - sten ▁ 2 . ▁ ▁Ins cription ▁ ▁Trans liter ation ▁of ▁the ▁run es ▁into ▁Latin ▁characters ▁A : ▁s os ki ri þ r ▁: ▁ris þ i ▁: ▁st in ▁: ▁fin ul fs ▁: ▁tut i ʀ ▁: ▁at ▁: ▁u
þ ink aur ▁: ▁us b iar na ʀ ▁: ▁sun ▁: ▁ þ oh ▁: ▁t ura ▁: ▁uk ▁: ▁hin ▁: ▁tur ut in : f asta ▁: ▁B : ▁si þ i ▁: ▁sa ▁: ▁mon r ▁: ▁is ▁ ¶ ▁: ▁ þ us i ▁: ▁k ub l ▁: ▁ub ▁: ▁bir uti ▁ ▁Trans cription ▁into ▁Old ▁Nor se ▁A : ▁S as g ær þ r ▁res þ i ▁st en , ▁Fin ul fs ▁d otti ʀ , ▁at ▁O þ ink or ▁As b iar na ▁sun , ▁ þ an ▁dy ra ▁ok ▁hin ▁dro tt inf asta . ▁B : ▁Si þ i ▁sa ▁man nr ▁ æ s ▁ þ ø si ▁k um bl ▁of ▁b ri uti . ▁ ▁Trans lation ▁in ▁English ▁A : ▁S as ger ð r , ▁Finn ul fr ' s ▁daughter , ▁raised ▁the ▁stone , ▁in ▁memory ▁of ▁Ó ð ink ár r ▁Á sb j ǫ rn ' s ▁son , ▁the ▁val ued ▁and ▁loyal ▁to ▁his ▁lord . ▁B : ▁A ▁sor cer er ▁( be ) ▁the ▁man ▁who ▁breaks ▁this ▁monument ! ▁ ▁DR ▁ 8 0 ▁ ▁DR ▁ 8 0 ▁is ▁the ▁Rund ata ▁design ation ▁for ▁a ▁fragment ▁of ▁a ▁run estone ▁that ▁was ▁discovered ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 8 3 0 s ▁in ▁the ▁foundation ▁of ▁a ▁church ▁in ▁Sk j ern . ▁It ▁has ▁been ▁suggested ▁that ▁the ▁stone ▁is ▁associated ▁with
▁DR ▁ 8 1 , ▁with ▁Á sb j ǫ rn ▁referring ▁to ▁the ▁same ▁person ▁on ▁both ▁stones . ▁In ▁addition , ▁it ▁has ▁been ▁spec ulated ▁that ▁the ▁name ▁Har ald ▁may ▁refer ▁to ▁Harold ▁Bl uetooth , ▁who ▁was ▁a ▁king ▁of ▁Den mark ▁from ▁about ▁ 9 5 8 ▁to ▁ 9 8 5 ▁or ▁ 9 8 6 . ▁ ▁Loc ally , ▁the ▁stone ▁is ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Sk j ern - sten ▁ 1 . ▁ ▁Trans liter ation ▁of ▁the ▁run es ▁into ▁Latin ▁characters ▁... ▁us bia ur ... ▁... ▁ ¶ ▁... ▁ ¶ ▁... ur ▁: ▁si ( n ) ▁ ¶ ▁... ▁har als ▁: ▁h ... ▁ ▁Trans cription ▁into ▁Old ▁Nor se ▁... ▁As b ior [ n ] ▁... ▁... ▁... ▁sin ▁... ▁Har ald s ▁... ▁ ▁Trans lation ▁in ▁English ▁... ▁Á sb j ǫ rn ▁... ▁... ▁... ▁his ▁... ▁Har ald r ' s ▁... ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁R unic ▁magic ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁M ask esten ▁- ▁Bil led sten ▁fra ▁Vik ingt iden ▁- ▁Ar ild ▁H au ge ▁page ▁on ▁mask ▁stones ▁ ▁Category : Run est ones ▁in ▁Den mark <0x0A> </s> ▁Cal ound ra ▁is ▁a ▁Legisl ative ▁Assembly ▁of ▁Queensland ▁elect oral ▁district ▁on ▁the ▁Sun sh ine ▁Coast ▁in ▁the ▁Australian ▁state ▁of ▁Queensland . ▁The ▁elect or ate ▁is ▁cent red ▁on ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁Cal ound ra ▁and ▁st ret ches ▁north
▁to ▁W urt ulla , ▁south ▁to ▁Pel ican ▁W aters ▁and ▁west ▁to ▁the ▁Bruce ▁Highway . ▁ ▁The ▁seat ▁is ▁currently ▁held ▁by ▁Mark ▁Mc Ar d le , ▁the ▁first ▁deput y ▁leader ▁of ▁the ▁Liberal ▁National ▁Party ▁from ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁to ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁and ▁prior ▁to ▁that ▁state ▁Liberal ▁leader ▁from ▁November ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁to ▁July ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁Mc Ar d le ▁succeeded ▁former ▁Liberal ▁leader ▁Joan ▁Sh eld on ▁upon ▁her ▁ret irement ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 . ▁ ▁M embers ▁for ▁Cal ound ra ▁ ▁E lection ▁results ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Elect or ate ▁Profile ▁( Ant ony ▁Green , ▁ABC ) ▁ ▁Cal ound ra ▁Category : S un sh ine ▁Coast , ▁Queensland ▁Category : Cal ound ra <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁P ills bury ▁A - Mill ▁is ▁a ▁former ▁fl our ▁mill ▁located ▁on ▁the ▁east ▁bank ▁of ▁the ▁Mississippi ▁River ▁in ▁Min ne apolis , ▁Minnesota . ▁It ▁held ▁the ▁distinction ▁of ▁being ▁the ▁world ' s ▁largest ▁fl our ▁mill ▁for ▁ 4 0 ▁years . ▁Comple ted ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 1 , ▁it ▁was ▁owned ▁by ▁the ▁P ills bury ▁Company ▁and ▁operated ▁two ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁powerful ▁direct - drive ▁water w he els ▁ever ▁built , ▁each ▁capable ▁of ▁generating ▁ 1 , 2 0 0 ▁horse power ▁( 8 9 5 ▁kW ). ▁The ▁mill ▁was ▁named
▁a ▁National ▁Historic ▁Land mark ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 6 ▁and ▁has ▁since ▁been ▁converted ▁into ▁resident ▁artist ▁lo ft s . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 7 9 , ▁after ▁five ▁years ▁of ▁secret ▁planning , ▁Charles ▁Alfred ▁P ills bury ▁announced ▁to ▁the ▁public ▁that ▁he ▁would ▁build ▁the ▁largest ▁and ▁most ▁advanced ▁fl our ▁mill ▁the ▁world ▁had ▁ever ▁seen . ▁He ▁had ▁tra ve led ▁to ▁mill s ▁all ▁over ▁the ▁world , ▁searching ▁for ▁the ▁best ▁technique ▁for ▁mill ing ▁fl our ▁on ▁a ▁large ▁scale . ▁Despite ▁the ▁convention ▁of ▁the ▁time , ▁P ills bury ▁decided ▁that ▁he ▁wanted ▁his ▁new ▁mill ▁to ▁be ▁designed ▁by ▁an ▁architect ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁make ▁the ▁building ▁vis ually ▁appe aling . ▁Arch itect ▁Le Ro y ▁S . ▁Buff ington , ▁with ▁the ▁loose ▁advice ▁of ▁several ▁engine ers , ▁carried ▁out ▁the ▁design . ▁Const ruction ▁started ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 0 ▁and ▁was ▁finished ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 1 ▁under ▁a ▁contract or ▁named ▁George ▁Mc M ull en . ▁The ▁mill ▁was ▁built ▁to ▁put ▁out ▁ 5 , 0 0 0 ▁bar rel s ▁a ▁day ▁at ▁a ▁time ▁when ▁a ▁ 5 0 0 - bar rel ▁mill ▁was ▁considered ▁large . ▁However , ▁for ▁some ▁years ▁the ▁mill ▁was ▁not ▁operated ▁at ▁full ▁capacity . ▁ ▁When ▁it ▁was ▁still ▁in ▁use , ▁the ▁seven ▁flo ors ▁and ▁the ▁bas ement ▁of ▁the ▁mill ▁all ▁had ▁specific
▁purposes . ▁The ▁bas ement ▁held ▁a ▁transform er ▁v ault , ▁water ▁in lets , ▁and ▁an ▁elect rical ▁room . ▁On ▁the ▁first ▁floor ▁there ▁was ▁a ▁small ▁floor - mount ed ▁s if ter , ▁a ▁larger ▁ce iling - hung ▁s if ter , ▁and ▁a ▁pressure ▁tank . ▁On ▁the ▁second ▁floor ▁there ▁were ▁convey or ▁bel ts ▁and ▁a ▁staff ▁l unch room . ▁The ▁third ▁floor ▁contained ▁more ▁bel ts ▁and ▁b ins ▁and ▁the ▁fourth ▁floor ▁held ▁a ▁dust ▁collect or , ▁cent rif ug al ▁machine , ▁g yr ation ▁sh if ter , ▁gr inder , ▁scale , ▁and ▁a ▁pack ing ▁bin . ▁The ▁fifth ▁floor ▁held ▁a ▁s if ter , ▁separator , ▁and ▁a ▁cent rif ug al ▁machine . ▁The ▁sixth ▁floor ▁held ▁fl our ▁b ins ▁and ▁the ▁sevent h ▁floor ▁was ▁an ▁elect rical ▁room . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁production ▁in ▁the ▁mill ▁ceased ▁and ▁the ▁mill ▁lay ▁empty . ▁The ▁building ▁was ▁then ▁acquired ▁by ▁local ▁developer ▁Sh a fer ▁Richard son . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁they ▁launched ▁plans ▁to ▁convert ▁and ▁preserve ▁the ▁A - Mill ▁complex ▁as ▁the ▁re brand ed ▁East ▁Bank ▁M ills , ▁a ▁lo ft - style ▁a partment ▁complex ▁containing ▁ 7 5 9 ▁to ▁ 1 , 0 9 5 ▁housing ▁units . ▁However , ▁this ▁re development ▁plan ▁fell ▁through ▁due ▁to ▁financial ▁matters . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2
0 1 1 , ▁the ▁National ▁Trust ▁for ▁Historic ▁Pres ervation ▁included ▁the ▁mill ▁on ▁its ▁annual ▁list ▁of ▁ 1 1 ▁Most ▁End anger ed ▁Places . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁T win ▁C ities - based ▁developer ▁Domin ium ▁gained ▁appro val ▁for ▁a ▁$ 1 0 0 ▁million ▁renov ation ▁plan ▁to ▁transform ▁the ▁A - Mill ▁into ▁ 2 5 1 ▁afford able ▁live / work ▁artist ▁lo ft s . ▁The ▁exterior ▁of ▁the ▁mill ▁was ▁conser ved ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁preserve ▁the ▁historical ▁architecture ▁of ▁the ▁building . ▁However , ▁major ▁changes ▁were ▁made ▁to ▁the ▁interior ▁of ▁the ▁mill ▁and ▁the ▁cour ty ard ▁behind ▁it . ▁The ▁overall ▁project , ▁which ▁included ▁other ▁buildings ▁within ▁the ▁complex , ▁cost ▁a ▁total ▁$ 1 7 5 ▁million . ▁ ▁The ▁building ▁was ▁added ▁to ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Places ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 6 ▁and ▁is ▁a ▁National ▁Historic ▁Land mark . ▁ ▁Architecture ▁and ▁engineering ▁ ▁On ▁the ▁outside , ▁the ▁P ills bury ▁A - Mill ▁is ▁a ▁rect angular ▁structure ▁meas uring ▁ 1 7 5   fe et ▁( 5 3   m ) ▁by ▁ 1 1 5   fe et ▁( 3 5   m ). ▁The ▁found ations ▁are ▁of ▁Pl atte ville ▁lim estone . ▁The ▁exterior ▁wall ▁thick ness ▁var ies ▁from ▁ 8 '- 0 " ▁( 2 . 4   m ) ▁thick ▁at ▁the ▁bas ement ▁to ▁
2 '- 0 " ▁( 0 . 6   m ) ▁thick ▁at ▁the ▁top ▁of ▁the ▁building . ▁The ▁outside ▁walls ▁are ▁of ▁load - b ear ing ▁stone ▁with ▁heavy ▁tim ber ▁fr aming ▁on ▁the ▁interior ▁( the ▁tim ber ▁was ▁added ▁after ▁the ▁completion ▁of ▁the ▁building ). ▁There ▁are ▁six ▁chim ne ys ▁on ▁the ▁flat , ▁gra vel ▁roof ▁of ▁the ▁building . ▁ ▁Due ▁to ▁v ibr ations ▁of ▁mill ing ▁machines ▁and ▁poor ▁design , ▁the ▁mill ▁was ▁fort ified ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 5 . ▁C ertain ▁sections ▁were ▁re built ▁in ▁the ▁process . ▁To ▁this ▁day , ▁the ▁walls ▁bow ▁in ward ▁ ▁on ▁the ▁top . ▁Un like ▁other ▁similarly ▁large ▁mill s ▁in ▁the ▁area , ▁most ▁not ably ▁the ▁W ash burn ▁A ▁Mill , ▁the ▁P ills bury ▁A - Mill ▁never ▁expl oded ▁or ▁caught ▁fire . ▁As ▁a ▁result , ▁it ▁still ▁contains ▁its ▁original ▁wood ▁frame . ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁renov ation ▁project , ▁a ▁new ▁hydro elect ric ▁tur bine ▁was ▁installed ▁in ▁a ▁tunnel ▁below ▁the ▁complex . ▁The ▁same ▁tunnel ▁was ▁originally ▁used ▁to ▁mechan ically ▁power ▁mill ing ▁equipment ▁with ▁di vert ed ▁river ▁water . ▁Due ▁to ▁the ▁significant ▁invest ment ▁made ▁in ▁sust ain able ▁features ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁hydro - elect ric ▁tur bine ▁and ▁a ▁hydro ther mal ▁system ▁providing ▁ 7 5 % ▁of ▁the ▁building ' s ▁energy ▁needs , ▁the ▁project ▁achieved ▁LE
ED ▁Gold ▁Cert ification ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 7 . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁W ash burn ▁A ▁Mill ▁Saint ▁Anthony ▁F alls ▁Historic ▁District ▁List ▁of ▁National ▁Historic ▁Land marks ▁in ▁Minnesota ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Places ▁list ings ▁in ▁Hen ne pin ▁County , ▁Minnesota ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁http :// www . th olt . com / p ill sa . html ▁ ▁http :// t ps . cr . n ps . gov / n hl / detail . cf m ? Resource Id = 2 7 9 & Resource Type = Build ing ▁ ▁https :// web . archive . org / web / 2 0 0 7 1 0 0 9 0 3 1 0 0 1 / http :// www . k jer ick son . org / ph otos 1 . htm ▁ ▁http :// www . g end is aster s . com / data 1 / mn / f ires / min ne apolis - mill - fire 1 8 8 1 . htm ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁A - Mill ▁Art ist ▁Lo ft s ▁ ▁City ▁of ▁Min ne apolis : ▁P ills bury ▁A ▁Mill ▁Complex ▁Project ▁N HL ▁summary ▁AR CH 3 , ▁L LC : ▁Phot ographic ▁documentation ▁of ▁the ▁P ills bury ▁A - Mill ▁Head race ▁T unnel ▁ ▁Category : Fl our ▁mill s ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : Ind ivid ually ▁listed ▁contrib uting ▁properties ▁to ▁historic ▁districts ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁in ▁Minnesota
▁Category : Ind ust rial ▁buildings ▁completed ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 1 ▁Category : Gr inding ▁mill s ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Places ▁in ▁Minnesota ▁Category : H istor ic ▁American ▁Build ings ▁Survey ▁in ▁Minnesota ▁Category : National ▁Historic ▁Land marks ▁in ▁Minnesota ▁Category : National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Places ▁in ▁Min ne apolis ▁Category : General ▁M ills ▁Category : Gr inding ▁mill s ▁in ▁Minnesota ▁Category : 1 8 8 1 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Minnesota ▁Category : W at erm ills ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : P ills bury ▁family <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Secret ▁War ▁was ▁a ▁seven - part ▁television ▁series ▁that ▁was ▁produced ▁by ▁the ▁BBC ▁in ▁conj unction ▁with ▁the ▁Imperial ▁War ▁Museum ▁( I WM ) ▁that ▁documented ▁numerous ▁key ▁secret ▁technical ▁develop ments ▁during ▁World ▁War ▁II . ▁It ▁first ▁a ired ▁during ▁ 1 9 7 7 ▁and ▁was ▁presented ▁by ▁William ▁W ool l ard , ▁drawing ▁on ▁the ▁first - hand ▁re collections ▁of ▁participants ▁from ▁both ▁sides . ▁The ▁principal ▁interview ee ▁was ▁Regin ald ▁Victor ▁Jones , ▁whose ▁aut obi ography ▁informed ▁much ▁of ▁the ▁research ▁before ▁its ▁publication . ▁ ▁The ▁opening ▁music ▁was ▁an ▁ex cer pt ▁from ▁M uss org sky ' s ▁Pictures ▁at ▁an ▁Ex hib ition . ▁The ▁closing ▁music ▁was ▁by ▁the ▁BBC ▁Rad i oph onic ▁Work shop . ▁ ▁Epis odes ▁ ▁E pisode ▁ 1 : ▁" The ▁Battle ▁of ▁the ▁Be ams " ▁This ▁episode
▁documented ▁how ▁British ▁intelligence ▁became ▁aware ▁of ▁various ▁German ▁Luft wa ffe ▁Navigation ▁Be ams , ▁such ▁as ▁K nic ke be in , ▁X ▁Ger at ▁and ▁Y ▁Ger at , ▁and ▁the ▁counter me asures ▁developed ▁to ▁combat ▁them ▁in ▁what ▁became ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁the ▁Be ams . ▁It ▁is ▁largely ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁book ▁Most ▁Secret ▁War , ▁which ▁was ▁written ▁by ▁Jones , ▁who ▁features ▁heavily ▁in ▁the ▁series . ▁The ▁episode ▁contains ▁rare ▁foot age ▁of ▁The ▁Bl itz ▁including ▁the ▁bomb ing ▁of ▁Cov entry . ▁Inter view ees ▁include ▁Albert ▁Spe er , ▁Sir ▁Robert ▁C ock burn ▁and ▁A VM ▁Edward ▁Add ison . ▁ ▁E pisode ▁ 2 : ▁" To ▁See ▁for ▁a ▁H undred ▁Mil es " ▁This ▁episode ▁covers ▁the ▁development ▁of ▁rad ar ▁from ▁its ▁first ▁discovery ▁to ▁the ▁creation ▁of ▁the ▁Ch ain ▁Home ▁system ▁in ▁time ▁for ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁Britain ▁and ▁the ▁subsequent ▁development ▁of ▁the ▁cav ity ▁magnet ron . ▁ ▁The ▁e pid ode ▁goes ▁on ▁to ▁explain ▁how ▁British ▁intelligence ▁lear nt ▁of ▁German ▁rad ar ▁develop ments , ▁including ▁Fre ya , ▁W ur zburg ▁rad ar ▁systems ▁and ▁the ▁British ▁ra id ▁at ▁Br une val ▁to ▁capture ▁a ▁W ur zburg ▁system . ▁ ▁It ▁also ▁contains ▁details ▁of ▁the ▁R AF ' s ▁Bom ber ▁off ensive ▁electronic ▁war fare ▁with ▁the ▁German ▁Luft wa ffe ▁that ▁used ▁devices ▁such ▁as ▁Window , ▁Ge e , ▁O
bo e , ▁H 2 S ▁and ▁Air bor ne ▁Inter ception ▁rad ar . ▁ ▁It ▁features ▁inter views ▁and ▁demonstr ations ▁with ▁Jones , ▁Arnold ▁Wil kins , ▁John ▁Rand all ▁and ▁Harry ▁Boot , ▁Bernard ▁Lov ell , ▁Donald ▁Ben nett , ▁Richard ▁Philipp ▁and ▁others . ▁Spe er ▁also ▁appears ▁and ▁tal ks ▁about ▁the ▁Bomb ing ▁of ▁Hamburg . ▁ ▁E pisode ▁ 3 : ▁" T error ▁We ap ons " ▁This ▁episode ▁un co vers ▁the ▁development ▁of ▁Adolf ▁Hitler ' s ▁ven ge ance ▁weapons , ▁how ▁British ▁authorities ▁became ▁aware ▁of ▁the ▁men ace ▁and ▁what ▁actions ▁were ▁taken ▁to ▁prevent ▁and ▁to ▁delay ▁their ▁use . ▁It ▁features ▁rare ▁foot age ▁of ▁the ▁V 1 , ▁the ▁V 2 ▁and ▁the ▁bomb ing ▁of ▁Pe en em unde ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁details ▁of ▁Operation ▁Most ▁III , ▁along ▁with ▁inter views ▁featuring ▁Jones , ▁Dun can ▁Sand ys , ▁Albert ▁Spe er , ▁Const ance ▁Bab ington ▁Smith , ▁Roland ▁Be am ont , ▁Jan usz ▁Gros z kow ski ▁and ▁Raymond ▁B ax ter . ▁ ▁E pisode ▁ 4 : ▁" The ▁Dead ly ▁W aves " ▁This ▁episode ▁is ▁an - depth ▁look ▁into ▁the ▁magnetic ▁mine ▁and ▁the ▁counter me asures ▁developed ▁to ▁overcome ▁it , ▁including ▁deg aus sing , ▁and ▁features ▁an ▁interview ▁with ▁Lieutenant ▁Commander ▁John ▁O uv ry ▁from ▁HMS ▁Vern on , ▁who ▁def uz ed ▁the ▁first ▁int act ▁German ▁magnetic ▁mine ▁on
▁the ▁s ands ▁at ▁Sho eb ur yn ess ▁that ▁found ▁by ▁the ▁British , ▁the ▁actual ▁preserved ▁mine ▁that ▁he ▁recovered ▁being ▁featured ▁in ▁a ▁re - en act ment ▁for ▁the ▁episode . ▁ ▁It ▁also ▁at ures ▁inter views ▁with ▁Commander ▁John ▁O uv ry , ▁Captain ▁Roger ▁Lewis , ▁Sir ▁Charles ▁Go ode ve , ▁Sir ▁Edward ▁Bull ard ▁and ▁Donald ▁Hen ley . ▁ ▁E pisode ▁ 5 : ▁" If " ▁This ▁episode ▁show cases ▁certain ▁invent ions ▁that ▁never ▁became ▁oper ational ▁or ▁whose ▁deployment ▁was ▁significantly ▁delayed , ▁therefore ▁leaving ▁one ▁to ▁imagine ▁what ▁could ▁have ▁happened ▁" if " ▁certain ▁develop ments ▁had ▁achieved ▁w ides p read ▁use . ▁ ▁It ▁features ▁many ▁invent ions ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁Mess ersch mitt ▁Me ▁ 3 2 1 ▁and ▁Mess ersch mitt ▁Me ▁ 3 2 3 ; ▁various ▁contra ptions ▁intended ▁to ▁help ▁the ▁In vas ion ▁of ▁Norm andy , ▁including ▁the ▁Pan j and rum ▁and ▁PL UT O ; ▁the ▁Bach st el ze ▁aut ogy ro ; ▁early ▁hel ic op ters , ▁British ▁and ▁German ▁b oun cing ▁bomb ▁develop ments ; ▁the ▁H ensch el ▁H s ▁ 2 9 3 , ▁the ▁Mess ersch mitt ▁Me ▁ 1 6 3 ▁and ▁jet ▁aircraft ▁develop ments ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁G loster ▁E . 2 8 / 3 9 , ▁Mess ersch mitt ▁Me ▁ 2 6 2 ▁and ▁G loster ▁Meteor . ▁ ▁Inter view ees ▁include ▁H
anna ▁Re itsch , ▁Adolf ▁Gall and , ▁Frank ▁Wh ittle , ▁Stanley ▁Hook er , ▁Const ance ▁Bab ington ▁Smith ▁and ▁Albert ▁Spe er . ▁ ▁E pisode ▁ 6 : ▁" St ill ▁Secret " ▁This ▁episode ▁covers ▁the ▁story ▁of ▁the ▁En igma ▁Code ▁and ▁the ▁Lor enz ▁ci pher ▁and ▁how , ▁after ▁valuable ▁initial ▁work ▁by ▁the ▁Polish ▁intelligence ▁service ▁B S 4 ▁and ▁the ▁French , ▁the ▁codes ▁were ▁broken ▁at ▁B let ch ley ▁Park , ▁including ▁some ▁information ▁on ▁the ▁Col oss us ▁computer ▁that ▁was ▁still ▁class ified ▁when ▁the ▁programme ▁was ▁made . ▁It ▁explains ▁how ▁the ▁codes ▁were ▁broken ▁and ▁how ▁the ▁information ▁was ▁used . ▁ ▁It ▁features ▁inter views ▁with ▁Gordon ▁Wel ch man , ▁Harry ▁Gol om bek , ▁Peter ▁Cal v oc or ess i , ▁F . ▁W . ▁Winter both am , ▁Max ▁New man , ▁Jack ▁Good ▁and ▁Tommy ▁Flow ers . ▁ ▁E pisode ▁ 7 : ▁" The ▁Battle ▁of ▁the ▁Atlantic " ▁This ▁episode ▁is ▁a ▁detailed ▁look ▁into ▁the ▁Battle ▁of ▁the ▁Atlantic , ▁the ▁technical ▁develop ments ▁and ▁tact ics ▁used ▁by ▁both ▁Al lied ▁and ▁A xis ▁sides ▁during ▁the ▁long ▁and ▁difficult ▁campaign . ▁It ▁features ▁such ▁innov ations ▁as ▁As dic , ▁Type ▁ 2 7 1 ▁rad ar , ▁w olf pack s , ▁Cam ▁F igh ters , ▁H edge h og , ▁H uff - D uff , ▁US ▁B lim ps , ▁AS
V ▁rad ar , ▁the ▁Le igh ▁light , ▁Met ox , ▁Naval ▁H 2 S ▁rad ar , ▁Sub marine ▁sn ork els ▁and ▁esc ort ▁carri ers . ▁ ▁Cont ribution s ▁are ▁from ▁Donald ▁Mac int y re , ▁Patrick ▁Be es ly , ▁Carl ▁Em m ermann , ▁Hum ph rey ▁de ▁Verd ▁Le igh , ▁Hans ▁Me ck el , ▁Hart wig ▁Looks , ▁and ▁Bernard ▁Lov ell . ▁ ▁Although ▁included ▁in ▁video ▁versions ▁of ▁The ▁Secret ▁War ▁as ▁a ▁sevent h ▁episode , ▁this ▁last ▁programme ▁was ▁not ▁made ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁actual ▁series ▁and ▁was ▁a ired ▁separately ▁from ▁The ▁Secret ▁War ▁when ▁it ▁was ▁first ▁shown . ▁The ▁completely ▁different ▁introduction , ▁ ▁title ▁music ▁and ▁cred its ▁bet ray s ▁that ▁( part icular ly ▁as ▁" The ▁Secret ▁War " ▁does ▁not ▁appear ▁in ▁the ▁title ▁sequence ▁anywhere , ▁unlike ▁the ▁other ▁six ▁episodes ). ▁ ▁Production ▁The ▁programme ▁cred ited ▁contributions ▁from : ▁▁ ▁Admir alty ▁D eg aus sing ▁Est ab lish ment ▁ ▁A & AE E ▁Bos com be ▁Down ▁ ▁Bibli othek ▁für ▁Zeit geschichte , ▁Stuttgart ▁ ▁B . I . C . C . ▁Ltd ▁ ▁British ▁Pet role um ▁ ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Def ence ▁ ▁Def ence ▁Ex pl os ive ▁Or dn ance ▁Dis pos al ▁School , ▁Ro chester ▁ ▁Department ▁of ▁the ▁Environment ▁ ▁Film ▁Polski ▁ ▁G EC - Hen ley ▁Ltd ▁ ▁HMS ▁B elf ast ▁ ▁HMS
▁Col ling wood , ▁Port sm outh ▁ ▁HMS ▁Dol ph in , ▁Port sm outh ▁ ▁HMS ▁Her on , ▁Ye ov il ton ▁ ▁HMS ▁Vern on ▁ ▁National ▁Archive , ▁Washington ▁ ▁National ▁Film ▁Board ▁of ▁Canada ▁ ▁National ▁Phys ical ▁Labor atory ▁ ▁R AF ▁Museum ▁Hend on ▁ ▁R AF ▁F arn borough ▁ ▁R AF ▁Med men ham ▁ ▁R AF ▁St ▁Ath an ▁ ▁R AF ▁U x bridge ▁ ▁The ▁Post ▁Office ▁ ▁Port sm outh ▁Corporation ▁ ▁Proof ▁& ▁Ex perimental ▁Est ab lish ment , ▁Sho eb ur yn ess ▁ ▁Roll s - Ro y ce ▁ ▁Royal ▁Rad ar ▁Est ab lish ment ▁ ▁Science ▁Research ▁Council ▁ ▁Admir alty ▁Sur face ▁We ap ons ▁Est ab lish ment , ▁Port sm outh ▁ ▁Air ▁Com mod ore ▁Henry ▁Il iffe ▁C oz ens ▁provided ▁foot age ▁from ▁his ▁ 1 9 4 3 ▁colour ▁film , ▁shot ▁at ▁R AF ▁H ems well ▁and ▁later ▁released ▁under ▁the ▁title ▁Night ▁Bom bers ▁ ▁United ▁States ▁Air ▁Force ▁ ▁US ▁Navy ▁ ▁The ▁historical ▁advis er ▁for ▁the ▁series ▁was ▁Alfred ▁Price . ▁ ▁Media ▁Epis odes ▁ 1 ▁to ▁ 6 ▁were ▁distributed ▁on ▁a ▁double ▁CD ▁by ▁Sim ply ▁Media , ▁lic ensed ▁from ▁BBC , ▁titled ▁The ▁Secret ▁War : ▁The ▁Complete ▁Original ▁ 1 9 7 7 ▁Series . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁The ▁World ▁at ▁War ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 7 7 ▁British
▁television ▁series ▁deb uts ▁Category : 1 9 7 7 ▁British ▁television ▁series ▁end ings ▁Category : 1 9 7 0 s ▁British ▁document ary ▁television ▁series ▁Category : B rit ish ▁document ary ▁television ▁series ▁Category : Document ary ▁films ▁about ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁Category : Document ary ▁television ▁series ▁about ▁av iation ▁Category : Document ary ▁television ▁series ▁about ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁Category : English - language ▁television ▁programs <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Six ▁School s ▁of ▁N ara ▁Buddh ism , ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁R ok ush ū ▁ 六 宗 ▁( also ▁R ok ush u u / R ok ush u ), ▁were ▁academic ▁Buddh ist ▁sect s . ▁These ▁schools ▁came ▁to ▁Japan ▁from ▁Korea ▁and ▁China ▁during ▁the ▁late ▁ 6 th ▁and ▁early ▁ 7 th ▁centuries . ▁All ▁of ▁these ▁schools ▁were ▁controlled ▁by ▁the ▁newly ▁formed ▁Japanese ▁government ▁of ▁N ara . ▁These ▁schools ▁were ▁installed ▁to ▁m im ic ▁and ▁expand ▁upon ▁already ▁existing ▁main land ▁Asian ▁Buddh ist ▁thought . ▁ ▁The ▁schools ▁were ▁installed ▁during ▁the ▁reign ▁of ▁Prince ▁Sh ō to ku , ▁most ▁likely ▁to ▁increase ▁the ▁power ▁of ▁the ▁expand ing ▁government ▁through ▁Buddh ist ▁and ▁Conf u cian ▁doctrine . ▁Because ▁of ▁the ▁government ▁invol vement ▁in ▁religious ▁expansion , ▁government ▁funds ▁were ▁used ▁to ▁construct ▁grand ▁tem ples , ▁stat ues , ▁and ▁paint ings , ▁most ▁not ably ▁the ▁Seven ▁Great ▁Southern ▁Tem ples ▁of ▁N ara . ▁Most ▁of ▁these ▁sect s ▁wanted
▁to ▁be ▁the ▁main ▁Buddh ist ▁school ▁of ▁the ▁Imperial ▁House ▁of ▁Japan ▁and ▁high ▁officials . ▁Because ▁of ▁this , ▁many ▁of ▁them ▁tried ▁to ▁be ▁appe aling ▁to ▁nob ility . ▁Many ▁of ▁the ▁them es ▁of ▁these ▁schools ▁del ved ▁on ▁advanced ▁level , ▁complicated , ▁almost ▁crypt ic , ▁Indian ▁philosoph ies ▁on ▁the ▁mind ▁and ▁existence . ▁Some ▁of ▁the ▁schools , ▁though , ▁were ▁ideas ▁on ▁the ▁formation ▁and ▁operations ▁of ▁a ▁vi h ara . ▁Due ▁to ▁the ▁location ▁of ▁the ▁tem ples ▁constructed ▁for ▁these ▁schools ▁they ▁were ▁also ▁called , ▁The ▁Six ▁Southern ▁School s ▁of ▁N ara ▁Buddh ism . ▁Event ually ▁the ▁increasing ▁power ▁of ▁these ▁schools ▁of ▁Buddh ism ▁and ▁their ▁influence ▁in ▁politics ▁started ▁to ▁over wh elm ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁N ara . ▁This ▁forced ▁Emperor ▁Kan mu ▁to ▁re loc ate ▁the ▁capital , ▁moving ▁it ▁to ▁He ian - ky ō ▁( K y oto ). ▁It ▁also ▁directly ▁encourag ed ▁the ▁creation ▁of ▁the ▁T end ai ▁school , ▁founded ▁by ▁Sa ich ō , ▁and ▁Sh ing on ▁Buddh ism , ▁founded ▁by ▁K ū ka i . ▁ ▁All ▁six ▁schools ▁shared ▁G aut ama ▁Bud d ha ' s ▁original ▁teach ings ▁of ▁human ▁suffering ▁and ▁his ▁ideas ▁on ▁cause , ▁rem edy , ▁and ▁ext inction . ▁The ▁six ▁schools ▁differ ed ▁on ▁expand ing ▁on ▁the ▁sub ▁ideas ▁of ▁inter - dependency ▁of ▁phen omena , ▁ult imate ▁en light en
ment ▁( n ir v ana ), ▁the ▁non - self ▁( an ā t man ), ▁and ▁the ▁Middle ▁Way . ▁These ▁schools ▁laid ▁the ▁ground work ▁for ▁the ▁development ▁of ▁P ure ▁Land ▁Buddh ism ▁and ▁the ▁emer gence ▁of ▁the ▁worship ▁of ▁a ▁distinct ly ▁Japanese ▁form ▁of ▁Am it ā b ha , ▁Am ida . ▁ ▁The ▁Six ▁School s ▁( 六 宗 ) ▁▁▁ ▁( M ah ay ana ) ▁- ▁Also ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁V ij ñ ā nav ā da , ▁C itt am atra ▁or ▁Cons cious ness - only ▁school , ▁this ▁sect ▁studied ▁on ▁master ing ▁the ▁conscious ness ▁and ▁mind . ▁This ▁is ▁explained ▁as ▁the ▁Indian ▁idea ▁of ▁Y og ac ara ▁that ▁was ▁inten se ▁dr ills ▁on ▁use ▁of ▁the ▁mind . ▁▁ ▁- ▁This ▁sect ▁imp lied ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁s ut ras ▁in ▁the ▁ab h id har ma - style ▁was ▁the ▁best ▁path . ▁▁ ▁( M ah ay ana ): ▁Origin ating ▁as ▁the ▁Chinese ▁Hu ay an ▁school , ▁this ▁sect ▁studies ▁the ▁Av ata ṃ s aka ▁S ū tra . ▁These ▁s ut ras ▁the or ized ▁the ▁un ob struct ed ▁inter pen etr ation ▁of ▁all ▁phen omena , ▁or ▁that ▁all ▁ideas ▁and ▁things ▁can ▁be ▁pen etr ated ▁and ▁collected ▁into ▁one ▁mind . ▁▁ ▁( S ar v ast iv ada ) ▁- ▁Also ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁" D har ma ▁Analysis ▁Tre as ury
▁school ", ▁this ▁sect ▁studied ▁the ▁Ab h id har ma - k osa ▁of ▁Vas ub and hu . ▁it ▁focused ▁on ▁ab h id har ma . ▁This ▁philosophy ▁cent ers ▁around ▁the ▁idea ▁of ▁that ▁which ▁the ▁" self " ▁is . ▁▁ ▁( D harm agu pt aka ) ▁- ▁This ▁sect ▁studied ▁the ▁teach ings ▁of ▁the ▁famous ▁Chinese ▁" Bl ind ▁Mon k " ▁J ian z hen , ▁who ▁taught ▁his ▁follow ers ▁to ▁strictly ▁observe ▁the ▁pr ā tim ok ṣ a ▁and ▁mon astic ▁ord ination . ▁They ▁were ▁not ▁so ▁focused ▁on ▁doctrine ▁as ▁they ▁were ▁on ▁the ▁moral ▁structure ▁of ▁their ▁mon ks ▁and ▁n uns . ▁▁ ▁( M ah ay ana )- ▁Also ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁" Three ▁Tre at ise ▁School ", ▁this ▁sect ▁studied ▁the ▁teach ings ▁of ▁a ▁Korean ▁mon k ▁named ▁Hy eg wan . ▁This ▁thought ▁focused ▁on ▁three ▁treat ises ▁that ▁explained ▁em pt iness , ▁myst ical ▁knowledge , ▁and ▁real ities ▁of ▁physical ▁things . ▁This ▁displayed ▁a ▁less ▁strict , ▁rules ▁orient ated , ▁path ▁to ▁Buddh ism . ▁This ▁school ▁was ▁followed ▁by ▁the ▁Prince ▁Sh ō to ku . ▁ ▁Seven ▁Great ▁Southern ▁Tem ples ▁of ▁N ara , ▁N anto ▁Sh ich ida iji ▁( 南 都 七 大 寺 ) ▁▁ ▁Da ian - ji ▁( 大 安 寺 ) ▁Gang ō - ji ▁( 元 <0xE8> <0x88> <0x88> 寺 ) ▁H ō ry ū - ji
▁( 法 隆 寺 ) ▁( located ▁off ▁the ▁border ▁of ▁today ▁N ara , ▁in ▁the ▁town ▁of ▁I kar uga , ▁N ara ) ▁K ō fu ku - ji ▁( <0xE8> <0x88> <0x88> 福 寺 ) ▁Sa ida i - ji ▁( 西 大 寺 ) ▁T ō da i - ji ▁( 東 大 寺 ) ▁Y ak ush i - ji ▁( <0xE8> <0x96> <0xAC> 師 寺 ) ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Buddh ism ▁in ▁Japan ▁ ▁D harm agu pt aka ▁ ▁School s ▁of ▁Buddh ism ▁ ▁Vin aya ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁* ▁▁ ▁Category : B ud dh ist ▁enumer ations ▁by ▁number ▁( 6 ) <0x0A> </s> ▁T iff ind ell ▁Ski ▁Res ort ▁a ▁year - round ▁al pine ▁resort , ▁the ▁only ▁ski ▁resort ▁in ▁South ▁Africa ▁and ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁two ▁ski ▁resort s ▁in ▁Southern ▁Africa . ▁It ▁was ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁in ▁the ▁Southern ▁D rak ens berg , ▁T iff ind ell ▁is ▁r ated ▁number ▁ 1 9 ▁on ▁CNN ' s ▁" Top ▁ 1 0 0 ▁Ski ▁R uns ▁of ▁the ▁World ". ▁ ▁Location ▁T iff ind ell ▁is ▁located ▁at ▁ ▁on ▁the ▁south ▁facing ▁slope ▁of ▁Ben ▁Mac dh ui , ▁the ▁highest ▁mountain ▁in ▁the ▁Eastern ▁Cape ▁with ▁an ▁elev ation ▁of ▁. ▁It ▁is ▁situated ▁ ▁above ▁the ▁town ▁of ▁Rh odes ▁and ▁about ▁ ▁east ▁of ▁Ali wal ▁North . ▁ ▁International ▁Ski ▁Racing ▁T
iff ind ell ▁holds ▁the ▁South ▁African ▁National ▁F IS ▁Championships ▁ann ually ▁and ▁has ▁successfully ▁run ▁International ▁Ski ▁F IS ▁R aces ▁since ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁ ▁Ski ing ▁and ▁snow board ing ▁T iff ind ell ▁uses ▁snow making ▁and ▁gro oming ▁machines ▁to ▁maintain ▁the ▁ski ▁areas . ▁Snow making ▁currently ▁covers ▁in ▁excess ▁of ▁ ▁of ▁ski ▁runs ▁for ▁about ▁ 3 ▁months ▁of ▁the ▁year ▁( J une – August ) ▁during ▁an ▁average ▁winter . ▁It ▁offers ▁a ▁snow ▁fun - park ▁with ▁rails ▁and ▁j umps , ▁equipment ▁rent als ▁and ▁friendly ▁instruct ors . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Ben ▁Mc D hui ▁- ▁over look s ▁T iff ind ell ▁Res ort ▁and ▁at ▁ 3 0 0 1 ▁metres ▁it ▁is ▁the ▁highest ▁point ▁in ▁the ▁Eastern ▁Cape ▁ ▁Afr is ki ▁- ▁ski ing ▁resort ▁in ▁Les oth o ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁T iff ind ell : ▁Ski ▁South ▁Africa ' s ▁snow ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Mountain ▁passes ▁SA ▁CNN . com ▁Snow S ports ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 9 3 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁South ▁Africa ▁Category : S ki ▁areas ▁and ▁resort s ▁in ▁South ▁Africa ▁Category : S ports ▁ven ues ▁in ▁the ▁Eastern ▁Cape <0x0A> </s> ▁Still ▁W aters ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁Film ▁ ▁Still ▁W aters ▁( 1 9 2 8 ▁film ), ▁a ▁Kra zy ▁Kat ▁animated ▁film ▁Still ▁W aters ▁( 2 0 0 0 ▁film ), ▁a ▁Russian ▁film ▁Still ▁W
aters ▁( 1 9 1 5 ▁film ), ▁a ▁film ▁directed ▁by ▁J . ▁S ear le ▁Daw ley ▁Still ▁W aters , ▁a ▁short ▁document ary ▁about ▁P . ▁K . ▁Page ▁ ▁Books ▁Still ▁W aters , ▁a ▁novel ▁by ▁Jenn ifer ▁Lau ck ▁ ▁Music ▁Still ▁W aters ▁( Be e ▁Ge es ▁album ), ▁an ▁album ▁by ▁the ▁Be e ▁Ge es ▁Still ▁W aters ▁( Lou ise ▁Set ara ▁album ), ▁an ▁album ▁by ▁Louise ▁Set ara ▁Still ▁W aters , ▁composition ▁by ▁Tony ▁B anks ▁( mus ician ) ▁of ▁Gen esis ▁Still ▁W aters ▁( Bre ak bot ▁album ), ▁an ▁album ▁by ▁Break bot ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Still ▁W aters ▁Run ▁Deep ▁( disambiguation ) ▁Still water ▁( disambiguation ) ▁St il water , ▁a ▁fict ional ▁city ▁in ▁video ▁game ▁Sain ts ▁Row <0x0A> </s> ▁Cas ino ▁Pier ▁is ▁an ▁am usement ▁park ▁situated ▁on ▁a ▁pier , ▁in ▁Se as ide ▁He ights , ▁New ▁Jersey , ▁United ▁States . ▁The ▁pier ▁opened ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 2 ▁and ▁formerly ▁extended ▁approximately ▁ ▁into ▁the ▁Atlantic ▁Ocean , ▁from ▁the ▁narrow ▁strip ▁of ▁the ▁Bar neg at ▁Pen ins ula ▁( appro xim ately ▁ 6 ▁blocks ) ▁in ▁which ▁Se as ide ▁He ights ▁is ▁situated . ▁ ▁Cas ino ▁Pier ▁was ▁partially ▁destroyed ▁in ▁October ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁after ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁pier ▁col lapsed ▁into ▁the ▁Atlantic ▁Ocean ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁storm ▁sur ge ▁generated ▁by ▁H
urr icane ▁Sand y . ▁Park ▁management ▁re built ▁the ▁pier ' s ▁lower ▁deck , ▁and ▁a ▁short ened ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁pier ▁re open ed ▁with ▁limited ▁r ides ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁An ▁expansion ▁for ▁the ▁pier ▁opened ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁which ▁includes ▁H yd rus ▁( a ▁Euro - F ighter ▁roll er ▁co aster ) ▁and ▁a ▁Ferr is ▁wheel . ▁ ▁Fac ilities ▁ ▁Cas ino ▁Pier ▁is ▁an ▁am usement ▁facility ▁center ▁composed ▁of ▁numerous ▁r ides , ▁games , ▁and ▁con cess ion ▁stands . ▁Before ▁H urr icane ▁Sand y , ▁there ▁were ▁ 3 8 ▁r ides ▁on ▁the ▁pier , ▁r anging ▁from ▁family ▁r ides ▁to ▁roll er ▁co aster s ; ▁other ▁attra ctions ▁include ▁a ▁ro o ft op ▁mini ature ▁golf ▁course , ▁a ▁chair l ift ▁that ▁runs ▁the ▁length ▁of ▁the ▁Se as ide ▁Height ' s ▁board walk ▁north ▁of ▁Cas ino ▁Pier , ▁a ▁figure ▁ 8 ▁Go - K art ▁track , ▁and ▁numerous ▁con cess ion ▁stands ▁which ▁serve ▁typical ▁board walk ▁fare ▁( p izza , ▁che ese ▁ste aks , ▁sa usage ▁sand wich es , ▁ice ▁cre am , ▁fun nel ▁c ake , ▁and ▁le mon ade ). ▁ ▁Loc ated ▁in ▁the ▁Cas ino ▁Pier ▁Ar cade , ▁between ▁the ▁board walk ▁and ▁Ocean ▁Terra ce ▁is ▁the ▁historic ▁ant ique ▁car ousel ▁built ▁by ▁D ent zel ▁and ▁Lo
off ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 0 ▁named ▁the ▁Dr . ▁F loyd ▁L . ▁Mor eland ▁Car ousel . ▁This ▁car ousel ▁first ▁arrived ▁in ▁Se as ide ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 8 . ▁A ▁W url itzer ▁style ▁# 1 4 6 - A ▁Military ▁Band ▁Organ ▁originally ▁built ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 3 ▁is ▁also ▁included ▁to ▁provide ▁the ▁car ousel ' s ▁music . ▁ ▁The ▁ar cade ▁also ▁houses ▁the ▁Pier ▁Gr ille , ▁a ▁restaurant . ▁The ▁ar cade ▁features ▁numerous ▁ar cade ▁games , ▁including ▁cla w ▁and ▁push er ▁re dem ption ▁games , ▁many ▁popular ▁video ▁games , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁classic ▁ar cade ▁offer ings ▁such ▁as ▁S kee - B all , ▁pin ball , ▁and ▁video ▁pok er . ▁ ▁The ▁pier ▁itself ▁also ▁featured ▁several ▁games . ▁Some ▁are ▁games ▁of ▁chance , ▁such ▁as ▁spin ning ▁whe els , ▁but ▁more ▁often , ▁the ▁games ▁involved ▁a ▁rud iment ary ▁amount ▁of ▁skill , ▁such ▁as ▁a ▁ring ▁toss , ▁basketball ▁shoot , ▁and ▁Lad der ▁Cl imb . ▁ ▁Although ▁most ▁of ▁Cas ino ▁Pier ' s ▁offer ings ▁have ▁been ▁on ▁the ▁pier ▁itself , ▁additional ▁Cas ino ▁Pier ▁recre ational ▁and ▁con cess ional ▁areas ▁are ▁located ▁on ▁the ▁board walk ▁between ▁Grant ▁Avenue ▁and ▁Sh erman ▁Avenue . ▁Cas ino ▁Pier ▁own s ▁a ▁water ▁park ▁across ▁the ▁street , ▁Break water ▁Beach , ▁which ▁was ▁rem ode led ▁in ▁ 2 0
0 3 ▁from ▁the ▁original ▁Water ▁Works ▁water ▁park ▁that ▁once ▁stood ▁on ▁the ▁property . ▁Break water ▁Beach ▁incorpor ates ▁numerous ▁water ▁sl ides ▁with ▁a ▁heavy ▁focus ▁on ▁families . ▁Break water ▁Beach ▁has ▁under g one ▁several ▁phases ▁of ▁reconst ruction , ▁and ▁several ▁sl ides ▁have ▁been ▁re built . ▁ ▁The ▁ant ique ▁D ent zel / Lo off ▁car ousel ▁was ▁acquired ▁from ▁Cas ino ▁Pier ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 7 ▁to ▁ref urb ish ▁and ▁re loc ate ▁it . ▁The ▁car ousel ▁has ▁been ▁closed ▁and ▁was ▁shut ▁off ▁on ▁April ▁ 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁and ▁the ▁dis assembly ▁and ▁re location ▁process ▁began ▁in ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 9 . ▁The ▁car ousel ▁will ▁eventually ▁be ▁re located ▁to ▁a ▁new ▁building ▁which ▁will ▁eventually ▁be ▁built ▁specifically ▁to ▁house ▁it ▁and ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁car ousel ▁museum . ▁The ▁building ▁is ▁planned ▁to ▁be ▁located ▁next ▁to ▁the ▁board walk ▁between ▁Carter et ▁and ▁Sam pson ▁a ven ues . ▁The ▁car ousel ▁is ▁scheduled ▁to ▁re open ▁in ▁its ▁new ▁location ▁by ▁ 2 0 2 1 . ▁ ▁Att ra ctions ▁ ▁Current ▁attra ctions ▁ ▁K idd ie ▁r ides ▁▁▁ ▁Bo ats ▁– ▁Classic ▁boat - th emed ▁car ousel ▁ ▁Car ▁Com bo ▁– ▁Classic ▁car - and - tr uck - th emed ▁car ousel ▁ ▁D iz zy ▁Drag ons ▁– ▁Dragon - th emed ▁tea - cu ps ▁att
raction ▁ ▁Hot ▁Tam ales ▁– ▁Mexican - th emed ▁k idd ie ▁roll er ▁co aster ▁ ▁J ump ▁Ar ound ▁– ▁D une ▁bug gy ▁them ed ▁car ousel ▁ride ▁manufact ured ▁by ▁Zam per la ▁that ▁randomly ▁j umps ▁and ▁b oun ces ▁as ▁it ▁rot ates ▁ ▁Motor cy cles ▁– ▁Classic ▁motor cycle - th emed ▁car ousel ▁ ▁P ony ▁C arts ▁– ▁A ▁p ony ▁cart ▁them ed ▁car ousel ▁ ▁Speed way ▁– ▁Children ' s ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁classic ▁wh ip ▁ride ▁them ed ▁to ▁NAS C AR ▁ ▁Mer ma id ▁Par ade ▁– ▁Mer ma id ▁them ed ▁" N orth ▁P ole " ▁k idd ie ▁log ▁fl ume ▁ride ▁manufact ured ▁by ▁Zam per la ▁( coming ▁ 2 0 2 0 ) ▁ ▁Ele ph ant ▁Express ▁- ▁Classic ▁ele ph ant ▁them ed ▁ride ▁manufact ured ▁by ▁Zam per la ▁ ▁Family ▁r ides ▁▁▁ ▁B um per ▁C ars ▁– ▁Classic ▁b um per ▁cars ▁att raction ▁featuring ▁music ▁and ▁special - effect ▁light ing ▁ ▁Cra zy ▁C abs ▁– ▁a ▁flat ▁ride ▁that ▁modern izes ▁the ▁tea ▁cup ▁ride , ▁where ▁you ▁are ▁spin ning ▁in ▁multiple ▁directions ▁on ▁a ▁platform ▁ ▁Disk ' O ▁– ▁A ▁circular ▁platform ▁ride ▁with ▁out ward - f acing ▁se ating ▁that ▁sp ins ▁rid ers ▁as ▁the ▁platform ▁moves ▁back ▁and ▁forth ▁along ▁a ▁half - pipe ▁track ▁ ▁Go - K arts ▁– ▁Single ▁and ▁double
▁passenger ▁go - k art ▁vehicles ▁that ▁travel ▁up ▁to ▁ 1 4 ▁m ph ▁( 2 3 ▁km / h ) ▁ ▁Ferr is ▁W heel ▁– ▁A ▁spin ning ▁Ferr is ▁wheel ▁that ▁takes ▁rid ers ▁ 1 3 1 ▁feet ▁( 3 9 ▁m ) ▁above ▁the ▁Jersey ▁shore ▁ ▁M oby ▁Dick ▁– ▁Hor izontal ▁platform ▁ride ▁that ▁elev ates ▁and ▁desc ends ▁quickly ▁as ▁it ▁rot ates ▁vert ically ▁ ▁Musik ▁Express ▁– ▁C ater p ill ar ▁ride ▁that ▁features ▁pop ▁music , ▁light ing , ▁and ▁sound ▁effects ▁ ▁Pir ates ▁H ide away ▁– ▁Pir ate - th emed ▁roll er ▁co aster ▁( many ▁people ▁call ▁it ▁a ▁junior ▁co aster , ▁but ▁it ' s ▁more ▁family - built ) ▁ ▁Pir ate ' s ▁Island ▁– ▁Pir ate - th emed ▁ma ze ▁with ▁ro pes , ▁brid ges , ▁and ▁a ▁slide ▁ ▁Sky ▁R ide ▁– ▁Chair l ift ▁transport ▁ride ▁ ▁Super ▁S lide ▁– ▁A ▁classic ▁slide ▁that ▁rid ers ▁use ▁r ugs ▁to ▁slide ▁on ▁ ▁Sur f ▁Sh ack ▁– ▁Sur fer - th emed ▁fun house ▁obst acle ▁course ▁ ▁T ilt - A - Wh irl ▁– ▁Classic ▁T ilt - A - Wh irl ▁platform ▁ride ▁ ▁W ave ▁Sw inger ▁– ▁A ▁til ting ▁swing ▁ride ▁that ▁sw ings ▁rid ers ▁in ▁a ▁circle ▁as ▁they ▁elev ate ▁and ▁descend ▁ ▁Th r ill ▁r ides ▁▁▁ ▁Air ▁Race ▁– ▁Air plane
- th emed ▁att raction ▁in ▁which ▁rid ers ▁experience ▁up ▁to ▁ 3 ▁G ' s ▁during ▁loops ▁and ▁div es ▁that ▁reach ▁height s ▁of ▁ 2 5 ▁feet ▁( 7 . 6 ▁m ) ▁▁ ▁Cent rif uge ▁– ▁an ▁ind oor ▁scr amb ler ▁with ▁lights ▁and ▁interior ▁effects ▁adding ▁to ▁the ▁experience ▁ ▁H yd rus ▁– ▁a ▁Euro - F ighter ▁Rol ler ▁co aster ▁manufact ured ▁by ▁Ger st la uer ▁with ▁a ▁ 9 7 ▁degree ▁drop ▁ ▁Sh ore ▁Sh ot ▁– ▁Drop ▁tower ▁ride ▁that ▁sho ots ▁rid ers ▁ 1 2 5 ▁feet ▁( 3 8 ▁m ) ▁into ▁the ▁air ▁at ▁ 4 5 ▁m ph ▁( 7 2 ▁km / h ) ▁producing ▁both ▁positive ▁and ▁negative ▁g - force ▁ ▁Sky co aster ▁– ▁Sw ing - style ▁ride ▁that ▁dro ps ▁rid ers ▁from ▁ 1 0 9 ▁feet ▁( 3 3 ▁m ) ▁reaching ▁spe eds ▁up ▁to ▁ 8 0 ▁m ph ▁( 1 3 0 ▁km / h ) ▁ ▁Sk ys cra per ▁– ▁A ▁Gra vity ▁Works , ▁Inc . ▁Wind mill - type ▁att raction ▁that ▁rapidly ▁sp ins ▁rid ers ▁ 1 7 0 ▁feet ▁( 5 2 ▁m ) ▁into ▁the ▁air ▁at ▁spe eds ▁up ▁to ▁ 7 0 ▁m ph ▁( 1 1 0 ▁km / h ) ▁ ▁Super ▁Storm ▁– ▁P end ul um ▁type ▁of ▁ride ▁that ▁makes ▁a ▁ 3 6 0 - deg
ree ▁revolution ▁ ▁Form er ▁attra ctions ▁ ▁R ides ▁destroyed ▁during ▁H urr icane ▁Sand y ▁ ▁Star ▁Jet ▁– ▁fell ▁into ▁the ▁Atlantic ▁Ocean ▁during ▁H urr icane ▁Sand y ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁and ▁was ▁demol ished ▁in ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁ ▁Wild ▁Mouse ▁ ▁Log ▁Fl ume ▁ ▁Lady ▁B ugs ▁ ▁K ite ▁Fly er ▁ ▁S amba ▁Bal lo ons ▁ ▁Kid ▁Sw ing ▁R ide ▁ ▁Ph ara oh ' s ▁F ury ▁ ▁T orn ado ▁ ▁Safari ▁Train ▁ ▁Fun house ▁ ▁Cent rif uge ▁- ▁the ▁original ▁one ▁got ▁destroyed , ▁and ▁Cas ino ▁Pier ▁added ▁a ▁brand ▁new ▁one ▁after ▁the ▁storm ▁ ▁Still walk ▁Man or ▁ ▁Rock ▁Wall ▁ ▁Rock ▁N ' ▁Roll ▁ ▁Enter prise ▁ ▁Musik ▁Express ▁– ▁the ▁original ▁one ▁got ▁destroyed , ▁and ▁Cas ino ▁Pier ▁added ▁a ▁brand ▁new ▁one ▁after ▁the ▁storm ▁ ▁T ilt ▁a ▁Wh irl ▁– ▁the ▁original ▁one ▁got ▁destroyed , ▁and ▁Cas ino ▁Pier ▁added ▁a ▁brand ▁new ▁one ▁after ▁the ▁storm ▁ ▁R ides ▁removed ▁before ▁H urr icane ▁Sand y ▁ ▁Jet ▁Star ▁( roller ▁co aster ▁operated ▁from ▁ 1 9 7 0 ▁to ▁ 2 0 0 0 ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Cas ino ▁Pier ▁official ▁website ▁Cas ino ▁Pier ▁Ph oto ▁Gallery ▁ ▁Category : Am usement ▁par ks ▁in ▁New ▁Jersey ▁Category : Build ings ▁and ▁structures ▁in ▁Ocean ▁County , ▁New ▁Jersey ▁Category : P
iers ▁in ▁New ▁Jersey ▁Category : 1 9 3 2 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁New ▁Jersey ▁Category : T our ist ▁attra ctions ▁in ▁Ocean ▁County , ▁New ▁Jersey ▁Category : R eb u ilt ▁buildings ▁and ▁structures ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : Se as ide ▁He ights , ▁New ▁Jersey <0x0A> </s> ▁O bt us ip al pis ▁is ▁a ▁genus ▁of ▁moth s ▁of ▁the ▁family ▁Cr amb idae ▁described ▁by ▁George ▁Ham pson ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 6 . ▁ ▁Species ▁O bt us ip al pis ▁al bid alis ▁Ham pson , ▁ 1 9 1 9 ▁O bt us ip al pis ▁br un ne ata ▁Ham pson , ▁ 1 9 1 9 ▁O bt us ip al pis ▁cit r ina ▁Dru ce , ▁ 1 9 0 2 ▁O bt us ip al pis ▁fus ipart alis ▁Ham pson , ▁ 1 9 1 9 ▁O bt us ip al pis ▁p ard alis ▁Ham pson , ▁ 1 8 9 6 ▁O bt us ip al pis ▁rub ric ost alis ▁Mar ion , ▁ 1 9 5 4 ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Sp il om el inae ▁Category : Cr amb idae ▁gener a ▁Category : T ax a ▁named ▁by ▁George ▁Ham pson <0x0A> </s> ▁Mau ro ▁Bo er chio ▁( born ▁ 1 6 ▁August ▁ 1 9 8 9 ) ▁is ▁an ▁Italian ▁professional ▁footballer ▁who ▁plays ▁as ▁a ▁goal keeper . ▁ ▁Career ▁ ▁Van u atu
▁ ▁Ag ree ing ▁to ▁an ▁offer ▁from ▁Van u atu an ▁gi ants ▁Am icale ▁in ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁and ▁making ▁his ▁debut ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁Port ▁V ila ▁Sh ield , ▁Bo er chio ▁helped ▁them ▁do ▁well ▁in ▁the ▁domestic ▁cup ▁and ▁Premier ▁League , ▁mixing ▁with ▁Van u atu ans ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁fellow ▁It ali ans , ▁Argent ine ans , ▁Ser bi ans , ▁South ▁Americans , ▁two ▁New ▁Zealand ers , ▁a ▁Sc ots man , ▁and ▁a ▁couple ▁Swiss ▁throughout ▁his ▁stay ▁there . ▁During ▁his ▁first ▁season ▁with ▁Am ic able , ▁the ▁Bron i ▁native ▁won ▁the ▁league ▁with ▁the ▁team , ▁particip ating ▁in ▁the ▁OF C ▁Champions ▁League ▁also . ▁ ▁Tem por arily ▁re located ▁to ▁Australia ▁following ▁Cy clone ▁Pam , ▁which ▁hit ▁Van u atu ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁ ▁Mal ta ▁ ▁Accept ing ▁a ▁contract ▁with ▁G zi ra ▁United ▁of ▁the ▁M alt ese ▁Premier ▁League ▁in ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁Bo er chio ▁was ▁released ▁early ▁by ▁the ▁club ▁after ▁failing ▁to ▁impress ▁the ▁coach . ▁ ▁Mong olia ▁ ▁Al ong side ▁Feder ico ▁Z ini , ▁Bo er chio ▁se aled ▁a ▁move ▁to ▁U la an ba atar ▁City ▁of ▁the ▁Mong ol ian ▁Premier ▁League ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 7 . ▁There , ▁he ▁was ▁l ion ized ▁by ▁the ▁media ▁and ▁featured ▁in ▁various ▁commer
ci als . ▁ ▁M ald ives ▁ ▁To ok ▁up ▁a ▁contract ▁with ▁Maz i ya ▁S & RC ▁of ▁the ▁M ald iv ian ▁D h ive hi ▁Premier ▁League ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁season . ▁ ▁India ▁ ▁On ▁ 1 8 ▁August ▁ 2 0 1 8 , ▁I - Le ague ▁club ▁N ER O CA ▁FC ▁announced ▁the ▁signing ▁of ▁Bo er chio , ▁who ▁rejo ined ▁his ▁former ▁U la an ba atar ▁City ▁coach , ▁Manuel ▁Ret am ero ▁Fra ile . ▁ ▁On ▁ 1 4 ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁Bo er chio ▁was ▁loan ed ▁out ▁to ▁Chen na i ▁City ▁as ▁a ▁replacement ▁for ▁the ▁injured ▁Nau zet ▁Sant ana . ▁ ▁Hon ours ▁ ▁Club ▁Chen na i ▁City ▁FC ▁I - Le ague : ▁ 2 0 1 8 – 1 9 ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁▁ ▁Italian ▁Wikipedia ▁Page ▁ ▁at ▁Foot dal ld atabase . eu ▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 8 9 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Ex pat ri ate ▁football ers ▁in ▁the ▁M ald ives ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁goal keep ers ▁Category : Ital ian ▁exp atri ate ▁football ers ▁Category : Pe ople ▁from ▁Bron i ▁Category : Ex pat ri ate ▁football ers ▁in ▁Mal ta ▁Category : Ex pat ri ate ▁football ers ▁in ▁Mong olia ▁Category : S av ona ▁F . B . C . ▁players
▁Category : S . S . C . ▁B ari ▁players ▁Category : Ex pat ri ate ▁football ers ▁in ▁Van u atu ▁Category : New ▁Rad i ant ▁SC ▁players ▁Category : Ital ian ▁football ers ▁Category : Ital ian ▁exp atri ate ▁sports people ▁in ▁Mal ta ▁Category : G ż ira ▁United ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : Am icale ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : A . C . ▁Ren ate ▁players ▁Category : Cal cio ▁Le cco ▁ 1 9 1 2 ▁players <0x0A> </s> ▁N ys a ▁or ▁Ny ss a ▁( , ▁fl our ished ▁early ▁ 2 nd ▁century ▁BC ) ▁was ▁a ▁Greek ▁Sele uc id ▁prin cess ▁and ▁a ▁queen ▁of ▁the ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁Pont us . ▁ ▁Biography ▁N ys a ▁was ▁of ▁Greek ▁Mac ed onian ▁and ▁Pers ian ▁descent . ▁She ▁was ▁a ▁daughter ▁the ▁Sele uc id ▁Prince ▁Ant io chus ▁and ▁Sele uc id ▁Queen ▁La od ice ▁IV . ▁Her ▁parents ▁were ▁blood ▁sib lings ▁and ▁her ▁parent ’ s ▁marriage ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁sib ling ▁marriage ▁to ▁occur ▁in ▁the ▁Sele uc id ▁dynast y . ▁The ▁grand par ents ▁of ▁N ys a ▁were ▁the ▁Sele uc id ▁King ▁Ant io chus ▁III ▁the ▁Great ▁and ▁Sele uc id ▁Queen ▁La od ice ▁III . ▁Her ▁father ▁Ant io chus , ▁was ▁appointed ▁by ▁Ant io chus ▁III ▁to ▁succeed ▁him ▁as ▁his ▁first ▁he ir . ▁ ▁N ys a ▁was ▁born
▁between ▁ 1 9 6 ▁BC ▁and ▁ 1 9 3 ▁BC . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 3 ▁BC , ▁her ▁father ▁had ▁died . ▁Her ▁family ▁gr ieved ▁over ▁his ▁death , ▁in ▁particular , ▁Ant io chus ▁III . ▁La od ice ▁IV , ▁later ▁married ▁her ▁brothers ▁Sele uc us ▁IV ▁Phil op ator ▁and ▁Ant io chus ▁IV ▁E pi phan es , ▁who ▁were ▁both ▁un cles ▁and ▁step f athers ▁of ▁N ys a . ▁Through ▁her ▁mother ’ s ▁mar ri ages , ▁she ▁had ▁various ▁half ▁brothers ▁and ▁sister s . ▁▁ ▁In ▁the ▁year ▁ 1 7 2 ▁BC ▁or ▁ 1 7 1 ▁BC , ▁thanks ▁to ▁the ▁diplom atic ▁efforts ▁of ▁her ▁mat ernal ▁half - bro ther ▁Sele uc id ▁King ▁Dem et ri us ▁I ▁S oter , ▁N ys a ▁married ▁the ▁King ▁Ph arn aces ▁I ▁of ▁Pont us . ▁ ▁The ▁marriage ▁between ▁Ph arn aces ▁and ▁N ys a ▁represented ▁a ▁continu ation ▁and ▁a ▁strength ening ▁of ▁the ▁pro - Se le uc id ▁orientation ▁of ▁Pont us ' ▁foreign ▁policy . ▁Through ▁his ▁marriage ▁to ▁N ys a , ▁Ph arn aces ▁tried ▁to ▁increase ▁his ▁political ▁influence ▁and ▁Pont ian ▁power ▁and ▁affairs ▁in ▁foreign ▁political ▁relations ▁with ▁the ▁Roman ▁Republic ▁and ▁across ▁An atol ia . ▁N ys a ▁and ▁Ph arn aces ▁were ▁related ▁as ▁he ▁was ▁a ▁first ▁cousin ▁to ▁N ys a ’ s ▁parents , ▁thus ▁Ph
arn aces ▁was ▁related ▁to ▁the ▁Sele uc id ▁dynast y . ▁Little ▁is ▁known ▁on ▁N ys a ’ s ▁relationship ▁with ▁Ph arn aces ▁and ▁how ▁she ▁re igned ▁as ▁Queen ▁of ▁Pont us . ▁ ▁Honor ific ▁stat ues ▁and ▁ins cri ptions ▁have ▁surv ived ▁that ▁were ▁dedicated ▁to ▁N ys a . ▁Ph arn aces ▁set ▁about ▁establish ing ▁good ▁relations ▁with ▁the ▁citizens ▁of ▁Ath ens ▁and ▁the ▁Greek ▁island ▁of ▁Del os . ▁Ph arn aces ▁made ▁a ▁don ation ▁to ▁the ▁people ▁of ▁Ath ens . ▁While ▁the ▁exact ▁nature ▁of ▁the ▁don ation ▁is ▁unknown , ▁it ▁is ▁thought ▁that ▁Ph arn aces ' ▁don ation ▁to ▁Ath ens ▁occurred ▁soon ▁after ▁ 1 8 3 ▁BC . ▁A ▁length y ▁ins cription ▁from ▁the ▁A then ians ▁on ▁Del os ▁hon ours ▁Ph arn aces ▁and ▁N ys a . ▁Ph arn aces ▁and ▁N ys a ▁received ▁a ▁crown ▁of ▁gold ▁from ▁them ▁and ▁bronze ▁stat ues ▁of ▁themselves ▁were ▁set ▁up ▁on ▁Del os . ▁Their ▁length y ▁A then ian ▁honor ific ▁ins cription ▁is ▁dated ▁during ▁the ▁arch ons hip ▁of ▁the ▁A then ian ▁T ych and rus ▁or ▁T ych ander ▁which ▁is ▁now ▁generally ▁accepted ▁to ▁around ▁ 1 6 0 ▁BC ▁or ▁ 1 5 9 ▁BC . ▁ ▁N ys a ▁bore ▁Ph arn aces ▁two ▁children : ▁a ▁son ▁called ▁M ith rid ates ▁V ▁of ▁Pont us ▁and ▁a ▁daughter ▁called ▁N
ys a ▁of ▁C app ad ocia , ▁who ▁was ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁La od ice . ▁N ys a ▁is ▁believed ▁to ▁have ▁died ▁during ▁child b irth . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁S ources ▁B . C . ▁McG ing , ▁The ▁foreign ▁policy ▁of ▁M ith rid ates ▁VI ▁E up ator , ▁King ▁of ▁Pont us , ▁B RI LL , ▁ 1 9 8 6 ▁J . D . ▁Gra inger , ▁A ▁Sele uk id ▁pros op ography ▁and ▁gaz ette er , ▁B RI LL , ▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁ ▁Category : 2 nd - century ▁BC ▁Greek ▁people ▁Category : 2 nd - century ▁BC ▁Asian ▁people ▁Category : 2 nd - century ▁BC ▁women ▁Category : De ath s ▁in ▁child b irth ▁Category : Se le uc id ▁prin cess es ▁Category : An cient ▁Greek ▁que ens ▁cons ort ▁Category : Que ens ▁of ▁Pont us ▁Category : G reek ▁people ▁of ▁Iran ian ▁descent <0x0A> </s> ▁Wh itle y ▁Hall ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 6 th - century ▁m ansion ▁which ▁since ▁ 1 9 6 9 ▁has ▁been ▁converted ▁into ▁a ▁restaurant ▁and ▁then ▁a ▁hotel . ▁It ▁is ▁situated ▁in ▁the ▁northern ▁rural ▁district ▁of ▁the ▁City ▁of ▁She ff ield ▁in ▁South ▁York shire , ▁England . ▁The ▁small ▁ham let ▁of ▁Wh itle y ▁lies ▁in ▁the ▁coun tr ys ide ▁between ▁the ▁sub ur bs ▁of ▁Gren os ide , ▁Chap elt own ▁and ▁E
cc les field ▁some ▁ ▁north ▁of ▁the ▁city ▁centre . ▁The ▁hall ▁is ▁a ▁Gra de ▁II * ▁listed ▁building . ▁ ▁History ▁Pres ent ▁day ▁Wh itle y ▁Hall ▁dates ▁from ▁the ▁ 1 5 8 0 s , ▁however ▁a ▁dwell ing ▁was ▁present ▁on ▁the ▁site ▁prior ▁to ▁this . ▁This ▁dwell ing , ▁known ▁as ▁Lau nder ▁House ▁was ▁first ▁recorded ▁in ▁a ▁de ed ▁of ▁ 1 4 0 6 ▁when ▁it ▁was ▁transferred ▁from ▁John ▁Cart w right ▁to ▁William ▁Robinson . ▁Lau nder ▁House ▁was ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁Lau nder house , ▁Low nder house ▁and ▁L ound house ▁over ▁the ▁years , ▁in ▁ 1 4 8 7 ▁it ▁passed ▁into ▁the ▁hands ▁of ▁Thomas ▁Parker ▁who ▁held ▁the ▁property ▁in ▁Copy hold ▁from ▁the ▁Lord ▁of ▁the ▁Man or ▁of ▁She ff ield ▁in ▁return ▁for ▁pl ough ing ▁and ▁har vest ing ▁the ▁land . ▁The ▁arrival ▁of ▁the ▁Park ers ▁at ▁Lau nder ▁House ▁sign alled ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁a ▁ 1 3 5 - year ▁association ▁with ▁the ▁site ▁over ▁six ▁gener ations . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁the ▁grand son ▁of ▁Thomas ▁Parker , ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁Thomas ▁who ▁comm enced ▁the ▁extensive ▁re building ▁in ▁the ▁mid ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 6 th ▁century ▁which ▁turned ▁Lau nder ▁House ▁into ▁Wh itle y ▁Hall . ▁Thomas ’ ▁son ▁William ▁is ▁believed ▁to ▁have ▁finished ▁the ▁re building ▁as ▁a ▁car ving ▁over ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁new ▁doors ▁reads
,” Will m ▁Parker ▁: ▁Made ▁this ▁Wor ke ▁ 1 5 8 4 ”. ▁In ▁ 1 6 2 2 ▁Thomas ▁Sh ier cl iffe ▁became ▁the ▁owner ▁of ▁the ▁Wh itle y ▁Hall ▁estate ▁which ▁beside ▁the ▁Hall ▁also ▁included ▁a ▁corn ▁mill , ▁do vec ote , ▁sm el ting ▁house , ▁eight ▁fields , ▁two ▁acres ▁of ▁wood land ▁and ▁four ▁c ott ages . ▁The ▁Hall ▁remained ▁the ▁property ▁of ▁the ▁Sh ier cl iffe ▁family ▁until ▁the ▁early ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁century . ▁ ▁Mary , ▁Queen ▁of ▁Sc ots ▁connection ▁ ▁A ▁local ▁legend ▁states ▁that ▁Mary , ▁Queen ▁of ▁Sc ots , ▁spent ▁a ▁night ▁at ▁Wh itle y ▁Hall ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 5 8 0 s ▁while ▁in ▁capt ivity ▁at ▁She ff ield ▁Castle . ▁This ▁rum our ▁was ▁first ▁reported ▁by ▁Jonathan ▁East wood ▁in ▁his ▁History ▁of ▁E cc les field ▁of ▁ 1 8 6 2 . ▁However , ▁there ▁is ▁no ▁document ary ▁evidence ▁to ▁back ▁up ▁the ▁claim . ▁ ▁Boys ' ▁board ing ▁school ▁Ar ound ▁the ▁year ▁ 1 7 9 0 ▁the ▁Hall ▁was ▁le ased ▁out ▁by ▁the ▁Sh ier cl iff es ▁to ▁John ▁R ider ▁who ▁turned ▁it ▁into ▁a ▁boys ' ▁board ing ▁school . ▁The ▁school ▁is ▁thought ▁to ▁have ▁hous ed ▁approximately ▁ 4 5 ▁pup ils ▁with ▁the ▁most ▁famous ▁pup il ▁being ▁the ▁railway ▁engineer ▁Sir ▁John ▁F ow ler ▁who ▁travel
led ▁from ▁nearby ▁W ads ley ▁to ▁attend ▁between ▁ 1 8 2 6 ▁and ▁ 1 8 3 3 . ▁F ow ler ▁noted ▁of ▁his ▁time ▁at ▁Wh itle y ▁Hall ▁later ▁in ▁life : ▁“ I ▁was ▁fairly ▁quick ▁in ▁elementary ▁scholar ship , ▁and ▁in ▁mental ▁arithmetic ▁was ▁decided ly ▁beyond ▁the ▁average ▁of ▁boys ▁and ▁men ▁a ▁gift ▁which ▁was ▁of ▁great ▁convenience ▁and ▁value ▁in ▁after ▁life .” ▁ ▁The ▁exact ▁time ▁that ▁the ▁Hall ▁remained ▁a ▁school ▁is ▁not ▁known ▁but ▁by ▁ 1 8 4 1 ▁it ▁was ▁lived ▁in ▁by ▁William ▁Charles worth ▁who ▁le ased ▁it ▁from ▁the ▁B ing ley ▁family ▁who ▁had ▁become ▁the ▁own ers ▁in ▁ 1 8 1 6 . ▁The ▁B ing le ys ▁family ▁eventually ▁moved ▁into ▁the ▁Hall ▁and ▁lived ▁there ▁until ▁ 1 9 3 9 ▁when ▁it ▁was ▁taken ▁over ▁by ▁the ▁army ▁at ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁the ▁Second ▁World ▁War ▁with ▁the ▁officers ▁and ▁their ▁servants ▁being ▁b illet ed ▁in ▁the ▁Hall ▁and ▁the ▁other ▁ranks ▁using ▁the ▁stable ▁block ▁and ▁N issen ▁h uts ▁in ▁the ▁grounds . ▁ ▁Con version ▁to ▁a ▁restaurant ▁and ▁hotel ▁The ▁Hall ▁was ▁owned ▁by ▁Hugh ▁B ing ley ▁up ▁until ▁his ▁death ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 2 , ▁although ▁he ▁never ▁lived ▁there ▁after ▁the ▁war ▁as ▁he ▁owned ▁substantial ▁properties ▁in ▁Camb rid ges hire ▁and ▁the ▁Hall ▁was ▁let ▁out ▁to ▁ten ants . ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 2
▁the ▁Hall ▁was ▁bought ▁by ▁John ▁I . ▁F ear n , ▁the ▁head ▁of ▁a ▁local ▁firm ▁of ▁agricult ural ▁engine ers . ▁Mr . ▁F ear n ▁carried ▁out ▁considerable ▁renov ation ▁and ▁ref urb ishment ▁over ▁a ▁period ▁of ▁seven ▁years ▁and ▁Wh itle y ▁Hall ▁was ▁opened ▁as ▁a ▁restaurant ▁in ▁July ▁ 1 9 6 9 . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 7 0 s ▁the ▁Hall ▁became ▁a ▁hotel , ▁initially ▁with ▁just ▁three ▁bed rooms . ▁However , ▁considerable ▁extension ▁work ▁has ▁been ▁carried ▁out ▁over ▁the ▁years ▁and ▁the ▁hotel ▁now ▁has ▁ 3 2 ▁en - suite ▁bed rooms . ▁The ▁extensive ▁gard ens ▁have ▁two ▁small ▁la kes . ▁In ▁May ▁ 1 9 9 5 , ▁Wh itle y ▁Hall ▁was ▁granted ▁a ▁lic ence ▁carry ▁out ▁civil ▁wed ding ▁services , ▁the ▁first ▁location ▁in ▁South ▁York shire ▁to ▁become ▁lic ensed . ▁The ▁Hotel ▁also ▁offers ▁six ▁conference ▁and ▁meeting ▁rooms . ▁The ▁restaurant , ▁which ▁is ▁open ▁to ▁non - res idents , ▁is ▁still ▁an ▁important ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁business . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : H ouses ▁completed ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 6 th ▁century ▁Category : H ouses ▁in ▁She ff ield ▁Category : History ▁of ▁She ff ield ▁Category : G rade ▁II * ▁listed ▁buildings ▁in ▁She ff ield ▁Category : G rade ▁II * ▁listed ▁hot els ▁Category : Country ▁houses ▁in ▁South ▁York shire ▁Category : E cc les field
<0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Computer ▁People ▁for ▁Peace ▁was ▁an ▁activ ist ▁organization ▁active ▁in ▁the ▁technology ▁industry ▁from ▁ 1 9 6 8 ▁to ▁ 1 9 7 4 . ▁ ▁The ▁C PP ▁had ▁its ▁roots ▁in ▁the ▁anti - war ▁movement ▁of ▁the ▁ 6 0 s , ▁Out side ▁the ▁anti - war ▁movement , ▁C PP ▁was ▁against ▁“ the ▁use ▁of ▁computer ▁information ▁systems ▁as ▁a ▁means ▁of ▁social ▁control ”, ▁“ cor por ate ▁rac ism ” ▁and ▁“ the ▁role ▁of ▁autom ation ▁on ▁rising ▁un emp loyment .” , ▁among ▁other ▁issues . ▁They ▁inter mitt ently ▁published ▁a ▁news letter ▁called ▁" Inter rupt " ▁until ▁at ▁least ▁March ▁ 1 9 7 3 . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 9 ▁they ▁posted ▁b ail ▁for ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁Pan ther ▁ 2 1 , ▁Sund i ata ▁A coli , ▁in ▁NY C . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 2 ▁Computer ▁People ▁for ▁Peace ▁addressed ▁Congress ▁about ▁the ▁need ▁to ▁protect ▁citizens ▁from ▁the ▁potential ▁mis use ▁of ▁computer ▁technology . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : Pe ace ▁organizations ▁based ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States <0x0A> </s> ▁Bi ol ab ▁( Bi ological ▁Ex periment ▁Labor atory ) ▁is ▁a ▁single - rack ▁multi - user ▁science ▁payload ▁designed ▁for ▁use ▁in ▁the ▁Columb us ▁labor atory ▁of ▁the ▁International ▁Space ▁Station . ▁Bi ol ab ▁support ▁bi ological ▁research ▁on ▁small ▁plants , ▁small ▁in verte br ates , ▁micro organ
isms , ▁animal ▁cells , ▁and ▁t issue ▁cult ures . ▁It ▁includes ▁an ▁inc ub ator ▁equ ipped ▁with ▁cent rif ug es ▁in ▁which ▁the ▁preceding ▁experimental ▁subjects ▁can ▁be ▁subject ed ▁to ▁controlled ▁levels ▁of ▁acceler ations . ▁ ▁These ▁experiments ▁help ▁to ▁identify ▁" the ▁role ▁that ▁micro gravity ▁plays ▁at ▁all ▁levels ▁of ▁an ▁organ ism , ▁from ▁the ▁effects ▁on ▁a ▁single ▁cell ▁up ▁to ▁a ▁complex ▁organ ism ▁including ▁humans ." ▁ ▁Description ▁Sum mary ▁: ▁Bio Lab ▁provides ▁an ▁on - or bit ▁bi ology ▁labor atory ▁that ▁enables ▁scient ists ▁to ▁study ▁the ▁effects ▁of ▁micro gravity ▁and ▁space ▁radiation ▁on ▁un ic ell ular ▁and ▁mult ic ell ular ▁organ isms , ▁including ▁b acter ia , ▁insect s , ▁prot ists ▁( simple ▁e uk ary otic ▁organ isms ), ▁se eds , ▁and ▁cells . ▁The ▁Bio Lab ▁facility ▁includes ▁an ▁inc ub ator , ▁mic ros cope , ▁spect roph ot ometer ▁( inst rument ▁used ▁to ▁measure ▁the ▁spectrum ▁of ▁light ▁absor bed ▁by ▁a ▁sample ), ▁and ▁two ▁cent rif ug es ▁to ▁provide ▁artificial ▁gravity . ▁Bio Lab ▁allows ▁research ers ▁to ▁ill uminate ▁and ▁observe ▁individual ▁experiment ▁containers ▁( EC s ), ▁and ▁Bio Lab ' s ▁life ▁support ▁system ▁can ▁reg ulate ▁the ▁content ▁of ▁the ▁atmosphere ▁( including ▁hum id ity ). ▁Bio Lab ▁is ▁integrated ▁into ▁a ▁single ▁International ▁Standard ▁Pay load ▁R ack ▁( IS PR ) ▁within ▁the ▁European ▁Columb us
▁labor atory , ▁which ▁was ▁launched ▁on ▁space ▁sh utt le ▁mission ▁ST S - 1 2 2 . ▁Results ▁from ▁Bio Lab ▁experiments ▁could ▁affect ▁bi omed ical ▁research ▁in ▁areas ▁such ▁as ▁imm un ology , ▁ph arm ac ology , ▁b one ▁de min eral ization , ▁cell ular ▁signal ▁trans du ction ▁( the ▁processing ▁of ▁electro chem ical ▁stim uli ▁in ▁cells ), ▁cell ular ▁repair , ▁and ▁bi ote chn ology . ▁ ▁The ▁Bio Lab ▁facility , ▁which ▁has ▁been ▁integrated ▁into ▁a ▁single ▁International ▁Standard ▁Pay load ▁R ack ▁( IS PR ) ▁in ▁the ▁European ▁Columb us ▁labor atory , ▁is ▁divided ▁into ▁two ▁sections : ▁the ▁autom ated ▁section , ▁or ▁core ▁unit , ▁and ▁the ▁manual ▁section , ▁designed ▁for ▁crew ▁interaction ▁with ▁the ▁experiments . ▁The ▁core ▁unit , ▁which ▁can ▁operate ▁autonom ously ▁or ▁t eler ob ot ically ▁( via ▁commands ▁sent ▁from ▁the ▁ground ), ▁consists ▁of ▁a ▁large ▁inc ub ator , ▁two ▁cent rif ug es , ▁a ▁mic ros cope , ▁a ▁spect roph ot ometer ▁( an ▁instrument ▁used ▁to ▁measure ▁the ▁spectrum ▁of ▁light ▁absor bed ▁by ▁a ▁sample ), ▁a ▁sample - hand ling ▁mechanism , ▁and ▁Autom atic ▁Tem per ature - Control led ▁St ow age ▁( AT CS ) ▁to ▁keep ▁small ▁amounts ▁of ▁sample . ▁The ▁manual ▁section ▁consists ▁of ▁the ▁Ex periment ▁Pre par ation ▁Unit ▁( E PU ), ▁the ▁Bio G lo ve Box ▁(
B GB ), ▁and ▁additional ▁Tem per ature ▁Control ▁Units ▁( TC Us ) ▁for ▁storing ▁experiment ▁containers ▁( EC s ) ▁and ▁pres erving ▁samples . ▁ ▁The ▁EC ▁is ▁designed ▁to ▁enc lose ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁bi ological ▁samples ▁and ▁provide ▁an ▁interface ▁with ▁the ▁other ▁Bio Lab ▁sub system s , ▁such ▁as ▁power , ▁data , ▁and ▁life ▁support . ▁The ▁standard ▁EC ▁measures ▁ 6 ▁x ▁ 6 ▁x ▁ 1 0   cm , ▁whereas ▁the ▁Advanced ▁EC , ▁which ▁is ▁capable ▁of ▁video , ▁measures ▁ 1 0 . 8 ▁x ▁ 1 5 ▁x ▁ 1 3 . 7   cm . ▁The ▁inc ub ator ▁is ▁capable ▁of ▁maintain ing ▁EC s ▁at ▁a ▁temperature ▁between ▁ 1 8 ▁and ▁ 4 0 ▁C ▁with ▁an ▁accuracy ▁of ▁ 0 . 5 ▁C . ▁The ▁two ▁cent rif ug es ▁located ▁inside ▁the ▁inc ub ator ▁are ▁capable ▁of ▁providing ▁artificial ▁gravity ▁in ▁the ▁range ▁of ▁ 0 . 0 0 1 ▁to ▁ 2 ▁G ▁( G ▁is ▁the ▁gravit ational ▁acceleration ▁at ▁the ▁Earth ' s ▁surface ). ▁An ▁array ▁of ▁light ▁em itting ▁di odes ▁( LED s ) ▁is ▁used ▁to ▁provide ▁white ▁light ▁ill um ination ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁inf ra red ▁observation . ▁ ▁Bio Lab ' s ▁Hand ling ▁Mechan ism ▁( H M ) ▁is ▁a ▁robot ic ▁arm ▁that ▁provides ▁an ▁interface ▁between ▁the ▁EC s ▁and ▁Bio Lab ' s ▁analyt ical ▁instruments ,
▁the ▁mic ros cope ▁and ▁spect roph ot ometer . ▁Bio Lab ' s ▁mic ros cope , ▁which ▁can ▁be ▁controlled ▁by ▁investig ators ▁on ▁the ▁ground , ▁has ▁a ▁resolution ▁that ▁ranges ▁from ▁ 0 . 6 ▁to ▁ 1 . 8 ▁mic rom eters ▁( μ m ) ▁with ▁a ▁ 0 . 2 5 ▁ μ m ▁and ▁ 1 . 0 ▁ μ m ▁diameter ▁field ▁of ▁view , ▁respectively . ▁The ▁spect roph ot ometer , ▁which ▁uses ▁t ung sten ▁and ▁de uter ium ▁l amps , ▁can ▁analyze ▁light ▁passed ▁through ▁the ▁sample ▁in ▁the ▁spectral ▁range ▁of ▁ 2 2 0 ▁to ▁ 9 0 0   nm ▁( ult rav io let , ▁visible , ▁and ▁near ▁inf ra red ) ▁with ▁a ▁resolution ▁of ▁ 1 0   nm . ▁Finally , ▁the ▁H M ▁also ▁allows ▁autom ated ▁transfer ▁of ▁samples ▁from ▁the ▁inc ub ator ▁to ▁the ▁AT CS , ▁which ▁can ▁maintain ▁temper atures ▁between ▁- 2 0 ▁and ▁ 1 0 ▁C ▁with ▁an ▁accuracy ▁of ▁+ /- ▁ 1 ▁C . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁manual ▁section , ▁the ▁B GB , ▁which ▁has ▁a ▁working ▁volume ▁of ▁ 3 2 ▁L , ▁allows ▁manip ulation ▁of ▁the ▁experiment ▁hardware ▁in ▁a ▁closed , ▁controlled ▁environment . ▁It ▁also ▁provides ▁dis in fection ▁of ▁the ▁working ▁volume ▁using ▁an ▁o zone ▁gas ▁( O 3 ) ▁unit . ▁The ▁Th ermo - E lect rical ▁Unit ▁( TE
U ) ▁maintain s ▁air ▁temperature ▁inside ▁the ▁B GB ▁between ▁ 2 1 ▁and ▁ 3 8 ▁C ▁with ▁an ▁accuracy ▁of ▁+ /- ▁ 2 ▁C . ▁Last ly , ▁the ▁two ▁T C Us ▁allow ▁storage ▁of ▁EC s ▁and ▁AT CS ▁inser ts ▁before ▁and ▁after ▁use ▁at ▁an ▁adjust able ▁temperature ▁between ▁- 2 0 ▁and ▁ 1 0 ▁C ▁with ▁an ▁accuracy ▁of ▁+ /- ▁ 1 ▁C . ▁ ▁La unch ▁Bi ol ab ▁was ▁pre - installed ▁inside ▁the ▁Columb us ▁labor atory . ▁Space ▁Sh utt le ▁Atl ant is ▁ ▁on ▁I SS ▁Assembly ▁Fl ight ▁ 1 E , ▁mission ▁ST S - 1 2 2 , ▁successfully ▁delivered ▁the ▁Columb us ▁module ▁to ▁the ▁I SS ▁on ▁February ▁ 9 , ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁ ▁Rel ated ▁publications ▁ ▁Br in ck mann ▁E , ▁Sch iller ▁P . ▁Exper iments ▁with ▁small ▁animals ▁in ▁B I OL AB ▁and ▁EM CS ▁on ▁the ▁International ▁Space ▁Station . ▁Adv ances ▁in ▁Space ▁Research . ▁; 3 0 ( 4 ): 8 0 9 - 8 1 4 . ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁ ▁S era f ini ▁L , ▁V ig ano ▁W , ▁Don ati ▁A , ▁Por ci ani ▁M , ▁Z oles i ▁V , ▁Schul ze - V arn hol t ▁D , ▁Man ieri ▁P , ▁El - D in ▁S all am ▁A , ▁Sch ma eh ▁M , ▁Horn ▁ER
. ▁The ▁development ▁of ▁the ▁hardware ▁for ▁studying ▁bi ological ▁clock ▁systems ▁under ▁micro gravity ▁conditions , ▁using ▁sc orp ions ▁as ▁animal ▁models . ▁Act a ▁A str onaut ica . ▁; 6 0 : 4 2 0 - 4 2 5 ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Scient ific ▁research ▁on ▁the ▁I SS ▁ ▁Ast ro bot any ▁ ▁Gallery ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Bi ol ab ▁D etailed ▁Picture ▁( ES A ) ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Bi ological ▁Ex periment ▁Labor atory ▁( B io Lab ) ▁- ▁NASA ▁Bio Lab ▁Bro ch ure ▁- ▁E SA ▁Human ▁space fl ight ▁users ▁- ▁E SA ▁▁ ▁Category : Col umb us ▁( I SS ▁module ) ▁Category : S cience ▁facilities ▁on ▁the ▁International ▁Space ▁Station ▁Category : Europe an ▁Space ▁Agency ▁Category : A st ro bi ology ▁space ▁miss ions <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁G ower ▁Explorer ▁is ▁a ▁bus ▁service , ▁previously ▁operated ▁by ▁Ve olia ▁Transport ▁C ym ru ▁and ▁now ▁First ▁C ym ru , ▁which ▁provides ▁services ▁to ▁G ow erton , ▁H orton , ▁L lang enn ith , ▁L lan mad oc , ▁L lan rh id ian , ▁Ox wich , ▁P enc law dd , ▁Port ▁E yn on , ▁Reyn old ston ▁and ▁Rh oss ili . ▁ ▁The ▁service ▁was ▁launched ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁after ▁a ▁£ 5 7 5 , 5 0 0 ▁transport ▁grant ▁from ▁the ▁Wel sh ▁Assembly ▁Government
. ▁ ▁Sw anse a ▁Council ▁used ▁this ▁grant ▁to ▁buy ▁a ▁fleet ▁of ▁six ▁bus es ▁- ▁four ▁larger ▁ones ▁for ▁the ▁main ▁routes ▁and ▁two ▁small ▁ones ▁for ▁the ▁pen ins ula ' s ▁tricky ▁narrow ▁lan es . ▁Two ▁east - west ▁tr unk ▁routes ▁and ▁a ▁linking ▁north – s outh ▁sh utt le ▁serve ▁almost ▁every ▁village ▁in ▁the ▁G ower , ▁a ▁prime ▁tour ist ▁area ▁west ▁of ▁Sw anse a . ▁ ▁In ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁Sw anse a ▁Council ▁announced ▁withdraw al ▁of ▁bus ▁subs id ies ▁to ▁save ▁£ 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 ▁and ▁the ▁G ower ▁Explorer ▁will ▁run ▁on ▁a ▁commercial ▁basis ▁from ▁ 1 9 ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁Even ing ▁services ▁will ▁be ▁sever ely ▁cur ta iled ▁and ▁Sunday ▁service ▁on ▁the ▁northern ▁tr unk ▁route ▁will ▁be ▁with dra wn . ▁ ▁Awards ▁The ▁success ▁of ▁the ▁G ower ▁Explorer , ▁most ▁not ably ▁a ▁rise ▁in ▁passengers ▁on ▁the ▁southern ▁route ▁of ▁ 1 8 . 4 %, ▁while ▁north ▁G ower ▁has ▁seen ▁a ▁ 1 6 . 5 % ▁increase , ▁saw ▁the ▁service ▁receive ▁a ▁pr estig ious ▁Guardian ▁Transport ▁award ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁bus ▁operators ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁G ower ▁Explorer ▁webpage ▁G ower ▁Explorer ▁tim et able ▁from ▁ 1 9 ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 0
▁ ▁Category : Bus ▁routes ▁in ▁Wales ▁Category : Transport ▁in ▁Sw anse a ▁Category : 2 0 0 4 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Wales <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 1 9 5 2 – 5 3 ▁season ▁was ▁Black pool ▁F . C .' s ▁ 4 5 th ▁season ▁( 4 2 nd ▁consecutive ) ▁in ▁the ▁Football ▁League . ▁They ▁competed ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 2 - team ▁Division ▁One , ▁then ▁the ▁top ▁tier ▁of ▁English ▁football , ▁finishing ▁sevent h . ▁ ▁They ▁were ▁also ▁the ▁w inners ▁of ▁the ▁FA ▁Cup ▁for ▁the ▁only ▁time ▁in ▁their ▁existence ▁thus ▁far , ▁be ating ▁Bol ton ▁W ander ers ▁ 4 – 3 ▁in ▁the ▁final . ▁Sub sequently , ▁known ▁as ▁" The ▁Matt he ws ▁Final ", ▁Stan ▁Mort ensen , ▁Black pool ' s ▁top ▁sc orer ▁in ▁all ▁compet itions ▁that ▁season , ▁scored ▁a ▁hat - tr ick ▁in ▁the ▁match . ▁It ▁remained ▁the ▁only ▁such ▁fe at ▁achieved ▁in ▁an ▁FA ▁Cup ▁Final ▁held ▁at ▁the ▁original ▁W emble y ▁Stadium . ▁ ▁Stan ▁Mort ensen ▁was ▁the ▁club ' s ▁top ▁sc orer ▁for ▁the ▁nin th ▁consecutive ▁season , ▁with ▁eigh teen ▁goals ▁in ▁all ▁compet itions . ▁He ▁shared ▁the ▁acc ol ade ▁in ▁the ▁league ▁with ▁All an ▁Brown . ▁The ▁two ▁scored ▁fifteen ▁goals ▁ap ie ce . ▁ ▁Table ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Black pool ▁F . C . ▁Category : Black pool ▁F . C
. ▁seasons <0x0A> </s> ▁Den is ov ▁( mas cul ine ) ▁or ▁Den is ova ▁( f em in ine ) ▁is ▁a ▁Russian ▁last ▁name ▁( ), ▁which ▁is ▁derived ▁from ▁the ▁male ▁given ▁name ▁Den is ▁and ▁literally ▁means ▁Den is ' s . ▁It ▁is ▁shared ▁by ▁the ▁following ▁people : ▁ ▁Vik tor ▁Den i ▁( 1 8 9 3 – 1 9 4 6 ), ▁born ▁Vik tor ▁Den is ov , ▁Soviet ▁sat ir ist ▁Aleks andr ▁Den is ov ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 8 9 ), ▁Russian ▁footballer ▁Aleks andr ▁Nikol ay ev ich ▁Den is ov ▁( 1 9 5 5 - 2 0 2 0 ), ▁Soviet ▁and ▁Russian ▁military ▁officer ▁And rei ▁Den is ov ▁( weight l if ter ) ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 6 3 ), ▁Isra eli ▁Olympic ▁weight l if ter ▁And rey ▁Den is ov ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 5 2 ), ▁Russian ▁politician ▁Den is ▁Den is ov ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 8 1 ), ▁Russian ▁ice ▁hockey ▁player ▁Ed ison ▁Den is ov ▁( 1 9 2 9 – 1 9 9 6 ), ▁Soviet ▁composer ▁El ena ▁Den is ova ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 6 3 ), ▁Aust rian ▁viol in ist ▁Fed or ▁Den is ov , ▁Imperial ▁Russian ▁general , ▁suppress or ▁of ▁the ▁Ko ści usz ko ▁U pr ising ▁G enn adi ▁Den is ov ▁( b . ▁ 1
9 6 0 ), ▁U z bek istan ▁footballer , ▁father ▁of ▁V ital iy ▁Ig or ▁Den is ov ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 8 4 ), ▁Russian ▁footballer ▁Kir ill ▁Den is ov ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 8 8 ), ▁Russian ▁jud oka ▁Ly ub ov ▁Den is ova ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 7 1 ), ▁Russian ▁mar athon er ▁Ly ud my la ▁Den is ova ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 6 0 ), ▁Ukrain ian ▁politician ▁ ▁Nik ita ▁Den is ov ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 8 6 ), ▁Russian ▁footballer ▁Nikol ai ▁Den is ov ▁( 1 8 9 1 – 1 9 5 9 ), ▁Russian ▁footballer ▁Roman ▁Den is ov ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 8 6 ), ▁Russian ▁footballer ▁Serge i ▁Den is ov ▁( ho ck ey ▁player ) ▁Serge i ▁Den is ov ▁( avi ator ) ▁Vas ily ▁Or lov - D enis ov ▁( 1 7 7 5 – 1 8 4 3 ), ▁C oss ack ▁Russian ▁general ▁Vik tor ▁Den is ov ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 6 6 ), ▁Russian ▁can o er ▁V ital iy ▁Den is ov ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 8 7 ), ▁U z bek istan ▁footballer , ▁son ▁of ▁G enn adi ▁V ital y ▁Den is ov ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 7 6 ), ▁Russian ▁cross ▁country ▁sk ier ▁Vladimir ▁Den is ov ▁( ice ▁hockey ) ▁(
b . ▁ 1 9 8 4 ), ▁Bel arus ian ▁ice ▁hockey ▁player ▁Vladimir ▁Den is ov ▁( fen cer ) ▁ ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 4 7 ), ▁Russian ▁Olympic ▁fen cer ▁V y aches lav ▁Den is ov ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 8 3 ), ▁U z bek istan ▁basketball ▁player ▁ ▁Other ▁ ▁Den is ov ▁family ▁Den is ova ▁C ave , ▁an ▁ar che ological ▁site ▁in ▁Si ber ia . ▁ ▁Den is ovan , ▁the ▁ancient ▁hom in in ▁discovered ▁in ▁Den is ova ▁C ave ▁Den is ov ▁District ▁of ▁northern ▁Kaz akh stan <0x0A> </s> ▁__ NOT OC __ ▁Ed win ▁George ▁West ▁( 2 7 ▁February ▁ 1 9 2 2 ▁– ▁ 6 ▁October ▁ 2 0 0 1 ) ▁was ▁an ▁econom ist ▁and ▁economic ▁historian ▁at ▁Car leton ▁University ▁interested ▁in ▁the ▁relationship ▁between ▁the ▁state ▁and ▁the ▁education ▁sector . ▁He ▁applied ▁public ▁choice ▁theory ▁to ▁state ▁education ▁and ▁" he ▁had ▁a ▁prof ound ▁influence ▁on ▁both ▁academic ▁scholar ship ▁and ▁education ▁policy ▁in ▁Britain ▁and ▁abroad " ▁. ▁The ▁E . G . ▁West ▁Centre ▁at ▁New castle ▁University ▁is ▁named ▁in ▁his ▁honor . ▁ ▁West ▁grew ▁up ▁in ▁Ex eter ▁and ▁graduated ▁with ▁a ▁degree ▁in ▁Econom ics ▁from ▁University ▁College , ▁Ex eter ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 8 . ▁He ▁then ▁spent ▁three ▁years ▁as ▁a ▁school te acher ▁in ▁Staff ord shire , ▁before ▁becoming ▁a ▁lect
urer ▁at ▁Gu ild ford ▁College ▁of ▁Technology ▁( 1 9 5 1 ) ▁and ▁Oxford ▁College ▁of ▁Technology ▁( 1 9 5 6 ). ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 2 ▁he ▁was ▁h ired ▁by ▁Stan ▁D enn ison ▁for ▁the ▁Econom ics ▁fac ulty ▁at ▁New castle ▁University . ▁ ▁His ▁book , ▁Education ▁and ▁the ▁State , ▁published ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 5 , ▁continues ▁to ▁be ▁highly ▁influ ential . ▁He ▁research ed ▁how ▁the ▁state ▁gradually ▁became ▁more ▁and ▁more ▁involved ▁in ▁the ▁education ▁system ▁of ▁England ▁and ▁other ▁countries . ▁He ▁exam ined ▁the ▁effect ▁it ▁had ▁on ▁the ▁quality ▁of ▁education , ▁con cluding ▁that ▁its ▁influence ▁was ▁ultimately ▁negative . ▁ ▁West ▁was ▁visit ing ▁professor ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁California ▁at ▁Ber keley ▁( 1 9 7 4 ), ▁Em ory ▁University ▁( 1 9 8 5 - 1 9 8 8 ), ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Western ▁Australia ▁( 1 9 9 5 ) ▁and ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Kentucky ▁( 1 9 9 5 ). ▁ ▁Selected ▁books ▁Adam ▁Smith ▁into ▁the ▁Tw enti eth ▁Century . ▁Brook field , ▁V T : ▁El gar , ▁ 1 9 9 6 . ▁High er ▁Education ▁and ▁Compet it iveness . ▁King ston , ▁Ont .: ▁Queen ' s ▁University , ▁ 1 9 9 3 . ▁High er ▁Education ▁in ▁Canada . ▁V ancouver , ▁BC : ▁F ras er ▁Institute , ▁ 1 9 8 8 . ▁End ing ▁the ▁S que
e ze ▁on ▁Univers ities . ▁Montreal , ▁Que : ▁Institute ▁for ▁Research ▁on ▁Public ▁Policy , ▁ 1 9 8 3 ▁( co - author ) ▁Min imum ▁W ages . ▁Ott awa , ▁Ont : ▁Econom ic ▁council ▁of ▁Canada , ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁( co - author ). ▁Non public ▁School ▁A id . ▁Lex ington , ▁MA : ▁Lex ington ▁Books , ▁ 1 9 7 6 . ▁Adam ▁Smith . ▁New ▁Ro ch elle , ▁NY : ▁Bar nes ▁& ▁No ble , ▁ 1 9 7 5 . ▁Education ▁and ▁the ▁Indust rial ▁Revolution . ▁Liber ty ▁Fund , ▁ 1 9 7 5 . ▁Econom ics , ▁Education ▁and ▁the ▁Polit ician . ▁London : ▁Institute ▁of ▁Econom ic ▁Affairs , ▁ 1 9 6 8 . ▁Education ▁and ▁the ▁State ,. ▁Liber ty ▁Fund , ▁ 1 9 6 5 . ▁ ▁Selected ▁chap ters ▁Public ▁Education ▁and ▁Imper fect ▁Dem ocracy ▁in ▁Mach an , ▁Tib or ▁R . ▁( Ed .) ▁Education ▁in ▁a ▁Free ▁Society , ▁ 2 0 0 0 . ▁Supp lying ▁and ▁Fin ancing ▁Education ▁in ▁G iers ch , ▁Herbert ▁( Ed .) ▁Springer , ▁ 1 9 9 8 . ▁The ▁Econom ics ▁of ▁High er ▁Education ▁in ▁The ▁Academy ▁in ▁Cris is , ▁Independent ▁Institute , ▁ 1 9 9 5 . ▁The ▁Public ▁Mon opol y ▁and ▁the ▁Se eds ▁of ▁Self - Dest ruction ▁in ▁Family ▁Cho ice ▁in ▁School ing ,
▁Man ley - C as imir , ▁ 1 9 8 2 . ▁The ▁Econom ics ▁of ▁Comp ulsion ▁in ▁The ▁Tw elve ▁Year ▁Sent ence , ▁ 1 9 7 4 . ▁Par ental ▁Cho ice ▁in ▁Education ▁in ▁Reb irth ▁of ▁Britain , ▁Institute ▁of ▁Econom ic ▁Affairs , ▁ 1 9 6 4 . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁James ▁To ole y ▁ ▁The ▁E . ▁G . ▁West ▁Centre ▁ ▁References ▁▁ ▁The ▁E . G . ▁West ▁Centre ▁▁ ▁West , ▁E . G . ▁Education ▁and ▁the ▁State : ▁A ▁Study ▁in ▁Political ▁Econom y , ▁ 1 9 6 5 . ▁ ▁To ole y , ▁James . ▁E . G . ▁West : ▁Econom ic ▁Liberal ism ▁and ▁the ▁Ro le ▁of ▁Government ▁in ▁Education . ▁NY : ▁Cont inu um ▁International ▁Publish ers , ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁ ▁Government ▁Fail ure : ▁E . ▁G . ▁West ▁on ▁Education ▁ ▁E . G . ▁West : ▁Champion ▁of ▁the ▁Market ▁for ▁Education , ▁The ▁Fre eman . ▁ ▁Professor ▁Ed win ▁West , ▁The ▁Te legraph , ▁ 1 6 ▁Oct ▁ 2 0 0 1 . ▁ ▁To ole y , ▁James ▁and ▁Stan field , ▁James ▁( Ed s .) ▁Government ▁Fail ure : ▁E . G . ▁West ▁on ▁Education . ▁London : ▁Institute ▁of ▁Econom ic ▁Affairs . ▁Occ as ional ▁P aper ▁ 1 3 0 , ▁ 2 0 0 3 . ▁ ▁Category :
2 0 0 1 ▁death s ▁Category : E conom ic ▁histor ians ▁Category : Public ▁choice ▁theory ▁Category : 1 9 2 2 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁British ▁histor ians ▁Category : Al umn i ▁of ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Ex eter <0x0A> </s> ▁Bre ab ach ▁is ▁a ▁Scottish ▁folk ▁music ▁band ▁formed ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 5 . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁they ▁received ▁nomin ations ▁for ▁‘ Best ▁Group ’ ▁at ▁both ▁the ▁BBC ▁Radio ▁ 2 ▁Fol k ▁Awards ▁and ▁the ▁Sc ots ▁Trad ▁Music ▁Awards ▁( Na ▁Tr ads ) ▁They ▁won ▁Scottish ▁Fol k ▁Band ▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁Tr ads ▁and ▁Live ▁Act ▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁ ▁M embers ▁ ▁Cal um ▁Mac C rim mon ▁– ▁pip es , ▁wh ist les , ▁bou z ou ki , ▁vocals ▁Mac C rim mon ▁graduated ▁with ▁hon ours ▁from ▁the ▁Royal ▁Scottish ▁Academy ▁of ▁Music ▁and ▁D rama . ▁He ▁is ▁currently ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁Bre ab ach , ▁Mans ▁Ru in , ▁The ▁Un us ual ▁Sus pect s , ▁Se ud an ▁and ▁R T K 9 0 0 0 . ▁From ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁to ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁he ▁was ▁acting ▁musical ▁co - direct or / ac comp an ist / t utor ▁for ▁The ▁National ▁Youth ▁Pi pe ▁Band ▁of ▁Scotland . ▁Meg an ▁Hend
erson ▁– ▁fiddle , ▁vocals ▁Hend erson ▁is ▁from ▁Fort ▁William . ▁She ▁is ▁involved ▁with ▁the ▁Fe ise an ▁movement , ▁playing ▁at ▁festiv als ▁including ▁C elt ic ▁Col ours , ▁Canada , ▁C elt ic ▁Con ne ctions , ▁Scotland ▁and ▁Bl as , ▁also ▁in ▁Scotland . ▁Hend erson ▁moved ▁to ▁Glasgow ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁to ▁study ▁at ▁the ▁Royal ▁Scottish ▁Academy ▁of ▁Music ▁and ▁D rama . ▁She ▁currently ▁plays ▁with ▁S als a ▁C elt ica . ▁E wan ▁Robert son ▁– ▁guitar , ▁c aj on , ▁vocals ▁Robert son ▁became ▁interested ▁in ▁guitar ▁and ▁song ▁whilst ▁studying ▁at ▁S go il ▁Chi ù il ▁na ▁G à id he alt ach d . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁awarded ▁the ▁BBC ▁Radio ▁Scotland ▁Young ▁Trad itional ▁Music ian ▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁award ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁James ▁Dun can ▁Mack en zie ▁– ▁pip es , ▁fl ute , ▁wh ist les ▁Mack en zie ▁is ▁from ▁Back ▁in ▁the ▁Is le ▁of ▁Lewis . ▁He ▁has ▁a ▁B A ( H ons ) ▁in ▁Scottish ▁Music , ▁special izing ▁in ▁pip ing ▁at ▁the ▁Royal ▁Scottish ▁Academy ▁of ▁Music ▁and ▁D rama . ▁He ▁played ▁with ▁the ▁Scottish Power ▁Pi pe ▁Band ▁for ▁two ▁years . ▁James ▁L inds ay ▁– ▁double ▁bass , ▁vocals ▁L inds ay ▁comes ▁from ▁In ver ur ie ▁in ▁the ▁heart ▁of ▁Aber de ens hire . ▁He ▁graduated ▁with ▁Hon ours ▁in ▁
2 0 1 1 ▁from ▁Str ath c ly de ▁University ▁in ▁Glasgow ▁with ▁a ▁B A ▁App lied ▁Music ▁degree . ▁He ▁comb ines ▁playing ▁with ▁the ▁band ▁and ▁working ▁as ▁a ▁session ▁music ian . ▁ ▁Disc ography ▁ ▁Studio ▁albums ▁▁ ▁The ▁Big ▁Sp ree ▁( 2 0 0 7 ) ▁ ▁The ▁Des perate ▁Battle ▁of ▁the ▁Bird s ▁( 2 0 1 0 ) ▁ ▁B ann ▁( 2 0 1 2 ) ▁▁ Ù rl ar ▁( 2 0 1 3 ) ▁ ▁A star ▁( 2 0 1 6 ) ▁ ▁F ren zy ▁of ▁the ▁Me eting ▁( 2 0 1 8 ) ▁ ▁Perform ances ▁ ▁The ▁band ▁has ▁performed ▁at ▁events ▁such ▁as ▁Fair port ' s ▁C rop red y ▁Convention , ▁Is le ▁of ▁Sky e ▁Music ▁Festival , ▁Sh rew s bury ▁Fol k ▁Festival , ▁the ▁Edinburgh ▁Fr inge ▁and ▁W O MA D . ▁It ▁has ▁received ▁reviews ▁in ▁numerous ▁publications ▁including ▁Song lines , ▁f Ro ots ▁and ▁The ▁Sc ots man . ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁ ▁Bre ab ach ▁discover ▁a ▁new ▁way ▁of ▁bond ing , ▁The ▁Her ald ▁article ▁detail ing ▁early ▁history ▁and ▁membership ▁of ▁the ▁band ▁ ▁Category : Sc ott ish ▁folk ▁music ▁groups <0x0A> </s> ▁Qu enne ▁is ▁a ▁commune ▁in ▁the ▁Y onne ▁department ▁in ▁Bour g ogne - Fran che - Com té ▁in ▁north - central ▁France . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Comm unes ▁of ▁the
▁Y onne ▁department ▁ ▁References ▁IN SEE ▁ ▁Category : Comm unes ▁of ▁Y onne <0x0A> </s> ▁Neil ▁Mel vin ▁is ▁a ▁research er ▁and ▁policy ▁pract ition er ▁in ▁contemporary ▁forms ▁of ▁conflict ▁and ▁the ▁current ▁Director ▁of ▁the ▁Stockholm ▁International ▁Peace ▁Research ▁Institute ▁( SI PRI ) ▁Ar med ▁Conf lict ▁and ▁Conf lict ▁Management ▁Program me . ▁He ▁has ▁published ▁on ▁issues ▁of ▁conflict , ▁with ▁a ▁particular ▁focus ▁on ▁eth no - rel ig ious ▁issues ▁in ▁the ▁former ▁Soviet ▁Union ▁and ▁in ▁Asia . ▁In ▁recent ▁years ▁he ▁has ▁bro aden ed ▁his ▁research ▁to ▁consider ▁the ▁impact ▁of ▁resources ▁on ▁conflict , ▁not ably ▁the ▁issue ▁of ▁energy ▁and ▁conflict . ▁ ▁Professional ▁life ▁Prior ▁to ▁joining ▁S IP RI , ▁Mel vin ▁held ▁Senior ▁Ad vis er ▁positions ▁in ▁the ▁Energy ▁Char ter ▁Secret ariat ▁( 2 0 0 8 – 2 0 1 0 ) ▁and ▁for ▁the ▁Organ ization ▁for ▁Security ▁and ▁Co - operation ▁in ▁Europe ▁( OS CE )' s ▁High ▁Commission er ▁on ▁National ▁Minor ities ▁ ▁( 2 0 0 1 – 2 0 0 5 ). ▁He ▁served ▁as ▁a ▁Re ader ▁in ▁International ▁Conf lict ▁Analysis ▁at ▁the ▁Br uss els ▁School ▁of ▁International ▁Studies ▁between ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁and ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁and ▁worked ▁at ▁several ▁leading ▁policy ▁instit utes ▁in ▁Europe , ▁including ▁the ▁Center ▁for ▁European ▁Policy ▁Studies . ▁ ▁Education ▁Mel vin ▁received ▁his ▁Ph . D ▁in ▁Polit
ics ▁from ▁St . ▁Anton y ' s ▁College , ▁Oxford ▁University , ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 2 , ▁and ▁subsequently ▁served ▁as ▁post - do ctor al ▁fellow ▁at ▁the ▁Russian ▁Research ▁Center ▁of ▁Harvard ▁University . ▁He ▁was ▁also ▁the ▁recip ient ▁of ▁a ▁British ▁Academy ▁post - do ctor al ▁research ▁fellow ship ▁at ▁the ▁London ▁School ▁of ▁Econom ics . ▁ ▁Selected ▁works ▁ ▁Publications ▁ ▁Eng aging ▁Central ▁Asia : ▁The ▁European ▁Union ' s ▁New ▁Str ategy ▁in ▁the ▁Heart ▁of ▁E uras ia ▁( 2 0 0 8 ) ▁ ▁Conf lict ▁in ▁Southern ▁Th ailand : ▁Islam ism , ▁Vi ol ence ▁and ▁the ▁State ▁in ▁the ▁Pat ani ▁In sur gency , ▁S IP RI ▁Policy ▁P aper ▁No . ▁ 2 0 ▁( Se ptember ▁ 2 0 0 7 ). ▁ ▁Building ▁St ability ▁in ▁the ▁North ▁C au cas us : ▁The ▁way ▁forward ▁for ▁Russia ▁and ▁the ▁European ▁Union , ▁S IP RI ▁Policy ▁P aper ▁No . ▁ 1 6 ▁( A pril ▁ 2 0 0 7 ). ▁ ▁Soviet ▁Power ▁and ▁the ▁Coun tr ys ide : ▁Policy ▁In nov ation ▁and ▁Institution al ▁Dec ay ▁( Pal gra ve / Mac mill an , ▁ 2 0 0 3 ). ▁ ▁Gu est ▁Editor ▁of ▁a ▁Special ▁Edition ▁of ▁Hels ink i ▁Mon itor ▁devoted ▁to ▁Central ▁Asia ▁( Nov ember ▁ 2 0 0 3 ). ▁ ▁U z bek istan : ▁Trans ition
▁to ▁Author itar ian ism ▁on ▁the ▁Sil k ▁Road ▁( Lond on : ▁Rout ledge , ▁ 2 0 0 0 ). ▁ ▁Nations ▁Ab road : ▁D ias por a ▁Polit ics ▁and ▁International ▁Rel ations ▁in ▁the ▁Form er ▁Soviet ▁Union <0x09> ▁( B ould er , ▁Col .: ▁ ▁West view , ▁ 1 9 9 8 ), ▁editor ▁and ▁chapter ▁contrib utor ▁" R us si ans : ▁D ias por a ▁and ▁the ▁End ▁of ▁Empire ". ▁ ▁Regional ▁Foreign ▁Pol ic ies ▁in ▁the ▁Russian ▁Federation ▁( Lond on : ▁Ch ath am ▁House , ▁ 1 9 9 5 ). ▁ ▁Rus si ans ▁Bey ond ▁Russia : ▁The ▁Polit ics ▁of ▁National ▁Identity ▁( Lond on : ▁P inter , ▁ 1 9 9 5 ). ▁ ▁F org ing ▁the ▁New ▁Russian ▁Nation : ▁Russian ▁Foreign ▁Policy ▁and ▁the ▁Russian - spe aking ▁Commun ities ▁of ▁the ▁Form er ▁USS R , ▁Ch ath am ▁House ▁Disc uss ion ▁P aper , ▁no . ▁ 5 0 ▁( 1 9 9 4 ). ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁S IP RI ▁Biography : ▁Dr . ▁Neil ▁Mel vin ▁ ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Pe ace ▁and ▁conflict ▁sch ol ars ▁Category : St ▁Anton y ' s ▁College , ▁Oxford ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁birth ▁missing ▁( l iving ▁people ) <0x0A> </s> ▁Michael ▁Burg mann ▁( 3 ▁June ▁ 1 9 4 7 ▁– ▁ 5 ▁October ▁ 1
9 8 6 ) ▁was ▁a ▁Sydney ▁account ant ▁and ▁racing ▁car ▁driver ▁who ▁was ▁involved ▁in ▁a ▁fatal ▁accident ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 6 ▁James ▁Hard ie ▁ 1 0 0 0 ▁race ▁held ▁at ▁the ▁Mount ▁Pan or ama ▁Circ uit ▁in ▁Bath urst , ▁New ▁South ▁Wales . ▁At ▁the ▁time ▁of ▁his ▁death , ▁Burg mann ▁was ▁the ▁account ant ▁for ▁the ▁Australian ▁Racing ▁D ri vers ▁Club ▁( AR DC ), ▁who ▁were ▁the ▁prom ot ers ▁of ▁the ▁Bath urst ▁ 1 0 0 0 , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁own ers ▁and ▁prom ot ers ▁of ▁Am ar oo ▁Park ▁in ▁Sydney . ▁ ▁Career ▁After ▁driving ▁mostly ▁in ▁the ▁Am ar oo ▁Park ▁based ▁" A MS C AR ▁Series " ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 3 , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁appearing ▁in ▁the ▁Sydney ▁r ounds ▁of ▁the ▁AT CC ▁and ▁Australian ▁End urance ▁Championship , ▁Burg mann ▁made ▁his ▁first ▁Bath urst ▁start ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 3 ▁driving ▁an ▁ex - Ke vin ▁Bart lett ▁Che v ro let ▁Cam aro ▁with ▁fellow ▁Bath urst ▁ro ok ie ▁( and ▁future ▁dual ▁Great ▁Race ▁winner ) ▁Tony ▁Long h urst . ▁After ▁qual ifying ▁the ▁big ▁Che v ▁in ▁ 2 1 st , ▁the ▁car ▁suffered ▁numerous ▁problems ▁on ▁race ▁day ▁and ▁the ▁pair ▁only ▁finished ▁ 1 2 1 ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 6 3 ▁la ps ▁which ▁was ▁not ▁enough ▁to ▁be ▁class ified ▁as ▁a
▁finish er . ▁ ▁Burg mann ▁spent ▁ 1 9 8 4 ▁again ▁as ▁a ▁regular ▁compet itor ▁in ▁the ▁A MS C AR ▁series . ▁The ▁ 1 9 8 4 ▁James ▁Hard ie ▁ 1 0 0 0 ▁was ▁much ▁better ▁for ▁Mike ▁Burg mann , ▁switching ▁to ▁race ▁a ▁Maz da ▁R X - 7 , ▁and ▁co - d riv ing ▁with ▁veter an ▁Bob ▁Stevens ▁after ▁Long h urst ▁had ▁moved ▁to ▁the ▁J PS ▁Team ▁B MW . ▁The ▁# 3 3 ▁Maz da ▁was ▁qualified ▁in ▁ 3 9 th ▁position , ▁almost ▁ 1 0 ▁seconds ▁slower ▁than ▁the ▁pole ▁time ▁set ▁by ▁N iss an ▁driver ▁George ▁F ury . ▁The ▁team ▁remained ▁confident ▁of ▁a ▁good ▁result ▁though , ▁and ▁through ▁consistent ▁la ps ▁without ▁any ▁major ▁problems ▁they ▁finished ▁a ▁successful ▁ 8 th , ▁only ▁ 1 0 ▁la ps ▁down ▁on ▁the ▁winning ▁Hold en ▁De aler ▁Team ▁V K ▁Com mod ore ▁of ▁Peter ▁Bro ck ▁and ▁Larry ▁Per kins . ▁ ▁With ▁Australian ▁tour ing ▁car ▁racing ▁switching ▁from ▁the ▁local ▁Group ▁C ▁rules ▁to ▁the ▁International ▁Group ▁A ▁reg ulations ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 5 , ▁and ▁with ▁the ▁R X - 7 ▁no ▁longer ▁a ▁compet itive ▁option , ▁he ▁bought ▁a ▁Hold en ▁V K ▁Com mod ore ▁to ▁comp ete ▁in ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 5 ▁and ▁ 1 9 8 6 ▁Bath urst ▁ 1 0 0 0 ' s
. ▁The ▁ 1 9 8 5 ▁race ▁saw ▁a ▁D NF ▁after ▁only ▁ 9 3 ▁la ps ▁with ▁engine ▁failure , ▁a ▁common ▁problem ▁with ▁the ▁near ▁standard ▁Com mod ore ' s ▁used ▁during ▁ 1 9 8 5 . ▁▁ 1 9 8 6 ▁race ▁and ▁death ▁For ▁ 1 9 8 6 , ▁and ▁like ▁everyone ▁else ▁who ▁ran ▁the ▁Hold ens , ▁the ▁Burg mann ▁team ▁had ▁upgrad ed ▁the ▁Com mod ore ▁to ▁the ▁racing ▁SS ▁Group ▁A ▁specification . ▁For ▁the ▁End urance ▁Championship ▁he ▁co - dro ve ▁the ▁car ▁with ▁Series ▁Production ▁rac er ▁Mal ▁Rose . ▁At ▁Bath urst ▁Burg mann ▁qualified ▁the ▁car ▁in ▁ 2 7 th ▁place . ▁After ▁a ▁good ▁start ▁in ▁which ▁he ' d ▁already ▁picked ▁up ▁almost ▁ 1 0 ▁places , ▁he ▁suffered ▁a ▁broken ▁wind screen ▁on ▁lap ▁ 3 . ▁On ▁lap ▁ 5 , ▁Burg mann ▁was ▁attempting ▁to ▁pass ▁the ▁V 1 2 ▁J agu ar ▁X JS ▁of ▁fellow ▁Sydney ▁rac er ▁and ▁close ▁friend ▁Gar ry ▁Will ming ton ▁while ▁coming ▁over ▁the ▁second ▁hum p ▁on ▁Con rod ▁Stra ight ▁and ▁travel ing ▁at ▁over ▁. ▁The ▁front ▁of ▁the ▁Com mod ore ▁got ▁air bor ne ▁( as ▁cars ▁did ▁coming ▁over ▁the ▁hum p ▁at ▁that ▁speed ) ▁and ▁the ▁front ▁moved ▁slightly ▁to ▁the ▁right . ▁Burg mann , ▁who ▁was ▁only ▁a ▁part - time ▁rac er , ▁tried ▁to ▁correct ▁by ▁turning
▁the ▁wheel ▁to ▁the ▁right . ▁The ▁car ▁then ▁hit ▁the ▁t ire ▁bar rier ▁at ▁the ▁bottom ▁of ▁the ▁well - known ▁cur ved ▁bridge ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁Con rod ▁with ▁un ab ated ▁speed ▁causing ▁the ▁entire ▁front ▁end ▁to ▁be ▁pushed ▁back ▁to ▁the ▁firewall . ▁The ▁car ' s ▁roll ▁c age ▁did ▁its ▁job ▁and ▁the ▁cabin ▁surv ived ▁the ▁violent ▁impact ▁mostly ▁int act . ▁When ▁officials ▁reached ▁the ▁car ▁they ▁found ▁Burg mann ▁in ▁what ▁would ▁normally ▁be ▁the ▁back ▁seat ▁of ▁the ▁vehicle . ▁While ▁his ▁driving ▁seat ▁had ▁remained ▁int act ▁the ▁force ▁of ▁the ▁impact ▁had ▁broken ▁the ▁seat ▁bel t ▁bu ck le ▁which ▁caused ▁his ▁body ▁to ▁be ▁thrown ▁out ▁of ▁the ▁seat . ▁Mike ▁Burg mann ▁became ▁the ▁first ▁driver ▁to ▁die ▁while ▁compet ing ▁in ▁the ▁Bath urst ▁ 1 0 0 0 ▁when ▁he ▁was ▁pron ounced ▁dead ▁on ▁arrival ▁at ▁Bath urst ▁Hospital . ▁ ▁Leg acy ▁Following ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 6 ▁race , ▁and ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁safety ▁up gr ades ▁the ▁circuit ▁needed ▁to ▁bring ▁it ▁up ▁to ▁FI A ▁standards ▁for ▁inclusion ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 7 ▁World ▁Tour ing ▁Car ▁Championship , ▁a ▁ch icane ▁was ▁added ▁to ▁Con rod ▁Stra ight , ▁elimin ating ▁the ▁second ▁hum p ▁which ▁had ▁long ▁been ▁seen ▁as ▁dangerous ▁at ▁the ▁spe eds ▁the ▁tour ing ▁cars ▁were ▁travel ing ▁( the ▁V 1 2 ▁J agu ar ▁X JS ▁of
▁Tom ▁Walk in sh aw ▁was ▁tim ed ▁at ▁a ▁then ▁fast est ▁ever ▁ ▁on ▁the ▁straight ▁during ▁qual ifying ▁for ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 4 ▁race ). ▁The ▁Ch ase ▁was ▁also ▁constructed ▁due ▁to ▁FI A ▁reg ulations ▁that ▁did ▁not ▁allow ▁race ▁tracks ▁with ▁an ▁international ▁rating ▁( as ▁Bath urst ▁was ▁forced ▁to ▁have ▁from ▁ 1 9 8 7 ) ▁to ▁have ▁any ▁straight ▁longer ▁than ▁ 1 . 5   km . ▁Prior ▁to ▁ 1 9 8 7 , ▁Con rod ▁Stra ight ' s ▁length ▁was ▁ 2   km . ▁ ▁Before ▁his ▁death , ▁Burg mann ▁was ▁also ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁prime ▁mo vers ▁behind ▁the ▁upgrad ing ▁of ▁the ▁old ▁p its ▁at ▁the ▁Mount ▁Pan or ama ▁Circ uit . ▁Prior ▁to ▁the ▁W T CC ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 7 , ▁the ▁Bath urst ▁p its ▁were ▁among ▁the ▁worst ▁for ▁any ▁major ▁race ▁circuit ▁in ▁the ▁world , ▁having ▁been ▁in ▁place ▁since ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 0 s . ▁Following ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 6 ▁race , ▁the ▁old ▁p its ▁were ▁torn ▁down ▁and ▁a ▁new ▁international ▁standard ▁complex ▁was ▁built ▁in ▁its ▁place . ▁The ▁new ▁p its ▁included ▁a ▁wider ▁apr on , ▁ 1 5 m ▁x ▁ 1 5 m ▁pit ▁b ays , ▁a ▁new ▁press ▁area , ▁VI P ▁su ites ▁above ▁the ▁p its , ▁and ▁a ▁new ▁building ▁to ▁house ▁the ▁race ▁officials .
▁The ▁p its ▁also ▁now ▁ran ▁almost ▁the ▁entire ▁length ▁of ▁the ▁pit ▁straight , ▁giving ▁more ▁room ▁for ▁all ▁of ▁the ▁cars ▁to ▁be ▁in ▁the ▁p its ▁at ▁one ▁time . ▁New ▁gar ages ▁were ▁also ▁built ▁in ▁the ▁p add ock ▁area . ▁ ▁On ▁the ▁day ▁before ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 7 ▁James ▁Hard ie ▁ 1 0 0 0 , ▁a ▁pla que ▁in set ▁on ▁the ▁wall ▁at ▁the ▁spot ▁that ▁his ▁car ▁had ▁come ▁to ▁rest ▁was ▁un ve iled ▁by ▁motor ▁racing ▁Chap lain ▁Gar ry ▁Cole man . ▁The ▁ceremony ▁was ▁attended ▁by ▁Burg mann ' s ▁wid ow , ▁G aye . ▁ ▁The ▁ins cription ▁on ▁the ▁pla que ▁reads : ▁ ▁In ▁memory ▁of ▁Mike ▁Burg mann ▁who ▁was ▁trag ically ▁killed ▁at ▁this ▁spot ▁on ▁ 5 ▁October ▁ 1 9 8 6 ▁ ▁As ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁the ▁accident ▁and ▁the ▁subsequent ▁building ▁of ▁The ▁Ch ase , ▁the ▁race ▁cars ▁now ▁approach ▁the ▁ped est rian ▁bridge ▁approximately ▁ ▁less ▁than ▁was ▁possible ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 6 . ▁ ▁Michael ▁Burg mann ▁left ▁behind ▁his ▁wife ▁G aye ▁and ▁four ▁young ▁children ▁and ▁extended ▁family . ▁ ▁Career ▁results ▁S our ced ▁from ▁Driver ▁Database ▁ ▁Complete ▁Bath urst ▁ 1 0 0 0 ▁results ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 4 7 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 8 6 ▁death s ▁Category : Acc ident al ▁death s ▁in ▁New ▁South ▁Wales
▁Category : Austral ian ▁Tour ing ▁Car ▁Championship ▁drivers ▁Category : R acing ▁drivers ▁from ▁Sydney ▁Category : R acing ▁drivers ▁killed ▁while ▁racing ▁Category : S port ▁death s ▁in ▁Australia ▁Category : S ports men ▁from ▁New ▁South ▁Wales <0x0A> </s> ▁Hud ders field ▁He at ▁is ▁a ▁former ▁semi - prof essional ▁English ▁basketball ▁team ▁that ▁was ▁based ▁in ▁Hud ders field , ▁West ▁York shire . ▁The ▁club ▁operated ▁senior ▁teams ▁in ▁both ▁the ▁Men ' s ▁and ▁Women ' s ▁English ▁Basketball ▁League , ▁most ▁recently ▁compet ing ▁in ▁Division ▁Two ▁and ▁Division ▁Two ▁( N orth ) ▁respectively , ▁before ▁fol ding ▁suddenly ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁The ▁men ' s ▁senior ▁team ▁were ▁due ▁to ▁make ▁their ▁first ▁appearance ▁in ▁Division ▁One ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 4 – 1 5 ▁season . ▁ ▁Fran ch ise ▁history ▁ ▁Origin ally ▁formed ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁as ▁a ▁small ▁local ▁league ▁club , ▁the ▁He at ▁have ▁developed ▁over ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁the ▁past ▁twenty ▁years ▁into ▁an ▁am bit ious ▁national ▁league ▁out fit . ▁ ▁After ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁years ▁spent ▁compet ing ▁in ▁the ▁lower ▁ranks ▁of ▁the ▁English ▁Basketball ▁League , ▁the ▁Men ' s ▁team ▁have ▁advanced ▁stead ily ▁in ▁recent ▁years , ▁winning ▁the ▁Division ▁ 4 ▁( N orth ) ▁north ▁title ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 9 - 2 0 1 0 , ▁and ▁comple ting ▁a ▁league ▁and ▁cup ▁double ▁in
▁ 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 1 3 , ▁winning ▁Division ▁ 3 ▁( N orth ) ▁and ▁the ▁National ▁Sh ield . ▁ ▁As ▁a ▁result , ▁the ▁Men ' s ▁team ▁currently ▁comp ete ▁in ▁the ▁fully ▁national ▁Division ▁Two . ▁ ▁With ▁a ▁Women ' s ▁team ▁joining ▁the ▁English ▁Basketball ▁League ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 3 – 1 4 ▁season , ▁and ▁plans ▁under way ▁for ▁a ▁new ▁£ 4 mill ion ▁Hud ders field ▁Arena ▁to ▁become ▁the ▁club ' s ▁new ▁home , ▁the ▁club ▁set ▁their ▁s ights ▁on ▁turning ▁fully ▁professional ▁and ▁joining ▁the ▁ranks ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Basketball ▁League . ▁However , ▁following ▁financial ▁difficulties ▁and ▁the ▁loss ▁of ▁a ▁major ▁spons or , ▁the ▁Hud ders field ▁He at ▁officially ▁fol ded ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁prior ▁to ▁making ▁their ▁inaug ural ▁appearance ▁in ▁E BL ▁Division ▁One ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 4 – 1 5 ▁season . ▁ ▁Home ▁ar ena ▁Park ▁Lane ▁Sports ▁Centre ▁( 1 9 9 1 – 2 0 1 4 ) ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁External ▁links ▁Official ▁Hud ders field ▁He at ▁Facebook ▁Page ▁Official ▁Hud ders field ▁He at ▁Twitter ▁Official ▁Hud ders field ▁He at ▁YouTube ▁Channel ▁ ▁Category : B asketball ▁teams ▁in ▁England ▁Category : S ports ▁clubs ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁Category : 1 9 9 1 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁England <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁men ' s ▁road ▁race ▁at ▁the
▁ 1 9 2 9 ▁U CI ▁Road ▁World ▁Championships ▁was ▁the ▁third ▁edition ▁of ▁the ▁event . ▁The ▁race ▁took ▁place ▁on ▁Friday ▁ 1 6 ▁August ▁ 1 9 2 9 ▁in ▁Zürich , ▁Switzerland . ▁The ▁race ▁was ▁won ▁by ▁Georges ▁R ons se ▁of ▁Belg ium . ▁ ▁Final ▁classification ▁ ▁References ▁ ▁Men ' s ▁Road ▁Race ▁Category : U CI ▁Road ▁World ▁Championships ▁– ▁Men ' s ▁road ▁race <0x0A> </s> ▁For ▁others ▁similarly ▁named , ▁see ▁the ▁Robert ▁A it ken ▁navigation ▁page ▁▁ ▁Robert ▁Morris ▁A it ken ▁ ▁( born ▁August ▁ 2 8 , ▁ 1 9 3 9 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Canadian ▁composer ▁and ▁fla ut ist . ▁He ▁began ▁his ▁career ▁as ▁a ▁te en ager ▁playing ▁in ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁orch est ras , ▁not ably ▁becoming ▁the ▁young est ▁principal ▁fla ut ist ▁in ▁the ▁history ▁of ▁the ▁V ancouver ▁Sym phony ▁Orchestra ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 8 ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 1 9 . ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 1 , ▁he ▁abandoned ▁ensemble ▁performance ▁to ▁purs ue ▁a ▁highly ▁successful ▁solo ▁career . ▁He ▁has ▁appeared ▁as ▁a ▁solo ist ▁with ▁major ▁sym phony ▁orch est ras ▁throughout ▁North ▁America , ▁Europe ▁and ▁Asia ▁and ▁has ▁made ▁more ▁than ▁ 4 0 ▁commercial ▁record ings . ▁ ▁Born ▁in ▁Kent ville , ▁Nova ▁Scot ia , ▁A it ken ▁has ▁played ▁with ▁the ▁V ancouver ▁Sym phony ▁Orchestra , ▁C BC ▁Sym phony ▁Orchestra ,