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essed ▁to ▁Jackie ▁in ▁the ▁office ▁that ▁he ▁had ▁a ▁feeling ▁that ▁something ▁big ▁and ▁cat astro ph ic ▁was ▁going ▁to ▁happen . ▁On ▁June ▁ 1 7 ▁the ▁real ▁estate ▁agent ▁returned , ▁showing ▁the ▁strip ▁to ▁The l ▁and ▁Billy ▁from ▁The ▁Family ▁Circ us ▁and ▁telling ▁them ▁that ▁the ▁panels ▁offered ▁them ▁much ▁more ▁space ▁than ▁the ▁current ▁circle ▁they ▁res ide ▁in . ▁ ▁By ▁the ▁Wednesday ▁strip ▁of ▁that ▁week , ▁Jackie ▁had ▁suggested ▁to ▁Sam ▁that ▁he ▁go ▁see ▁" Mad ame ▁St ella ", ▁a ▁M idd let own ▁psych ic , ▁about ▁his ▁feelings ▁about ▁his ▁own ▁mort ality . ▁ ▁The ▁June ▁ 1 9 th ▁strip ▁saw ▁Jackie ▁talking ▁to ▁Sam ▁and ▁critic izing ▁him ▁for ▁his ▁feelings , ▁saying ▁that ▁there ▁was ▁no ▁proof ▁that ▁they ▁were ▁going ▁anywhere . ▁They ▁then ▁were ▁met ▁by ▁a ▁pair ▁of ▁Ze eb a ▁Ze eb a ▁E ata ▁member ▁cro cod iles ▁from ▁Pear ls ▁Before ▁Sw ine , ▁who ▁had ▁apparently ▁bought ▁the ▁space ▁and ▁were ▁set ▁to ▁move ▁in . ▁" Dis ▁aw kw urd ▁m ome ent ," ▁said ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁cro cod iles ▁upon ▁ ▁their ▁discovery . ▁ ▁The ▁final ▁daily ▁strip , ▁which ▁ran ▁on ▁June ▁ 2 1 , ▁saw ▁Jackie ▁finally ▁tell ▁Sam ▁what ▁she ▁thought , ▁saying ▁that ▁her ▁life ▁was ▁too ▁good ▁right ▁now ▁and ▁that ▁she ▁believed ▁in ▁a ▁higher ▁power ▁and ▁that ▁he ▁would ▁tell ▁her ▁when ▁it ▁was ▁time
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▁to ▁go . ▁She ▁then ▁was ▁prompt ly ▁" er ased ", ▁bringing ▁a ▁statement ▁from ▁Mad ame ▁Red : ▁" Th ou ▁sh alt ▁not ▁over st ay ▁your ▁welcome ▁in ▁the ▁com ics ." ▁ ▁Final ▁strip ▁For ▁the ▁last ▁( S und ay ) ▁strip , ▁Jan z ▁drew ▁one ▁large ▁panel ▁to ▁bring ▁the ▁entire ▁series ▁to ▁a ▁close . ▁In ▁said ▁strip ▁R uf us , ▁Andy , ▁and ▁Miller ▁returned ▁for ▁their ▁first ▁appearances ▁since ▁the ▁strip ▁changed ▁its ▁name ▁to ▁Single ▁and ▁Looking , ▁and ▁the ▁characters ▁acknowledged ▁they ▁were ▁living ▁in ▁a ▁comic ▁strip . ▁In ▁the ▁strip , ▁Jackie ▁remarked ▁about ▁the ▁fact ▁that ▁the ▁strip ▁had ▁no ▁closure ▁and ▁they ' d ▁never ▁know ▁if ▁she ▁got ▁rem ar ried ▁or ▁not . ▁R uf us ▁( the ▁only ▁of ▁the ▁returning ▁characters ▁with ▁a ▁line ) ▁responded ▁with ▁" Now ▁you ▁know ▁how ▁we ▁felt ," ▁referring ▁to ▁the ▁dem ise ▁of ▁the ▁original ▁Out ▁of ▁the ▁Gene ▁Pool . ▁Sam ▁asked ▁if ▁there ▁was ▁a ▁relative ▁that ▁could ▁take ▁over ▁the ▁strip . ▁Tr avis ▁remarked , ▁" The ▁economy ▁must ▁really ▁be ▁bad ▁if ▁comic ▁characters ▁are ▁losing ▁their ▁jobs ." ▁The ▁final ▁line ▁was ▁ut tered ▁by ▁Mad ame ▁Red , ▁who ▁said , ▁" We ▁almost ▁lasted ▁as ▁long ▁as ▁Pe an uts ... in ▁dog ▁years "; ▁she ▁was ▁spotted ▁with ▁a ▁suit case ▁and ▁the ▁f ax ▁machine ▁she ▁presumably ▁called ▁d ib s ▁on .
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▁Jan z ▁closed ▁the ▁strip ▁by ▁thank ing ▁his ▁readers ▁for ▁their ▁support . ▁ ▁R er uns ▁and ▁collections ▁Im medi ately ▁after ▁the ▁strip ▁concluded , ▁Andrew s ▁Mc Me el ▁Universal ▁began ▁carrying ▁r er uns ▁of ▁Out ▁of ▁the ▁Gene ▁Pool ▁on ▁their ▁website ▁Go Com ics . com . ▁The ▁website ▁started ▁from ▁the ▁beginning ▁and ▁has ▁continued ▁to ▁make ▁r er uns ▁available ▁as ▁of ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 6 . ▁ ▁Jan z ▁also ▁compiled ▁a ▁" best ▁of " ▁collection ▁of ▁stri ps ▁titled ▁Big , ▁H airy ▁N oses ▁and ▁other ▁com ical ▁fl aws : ▁The ▁First , ▁Last , ▁and ▁Only ▁Out ▁Of ▁The ▁Gene ▁Pool ▁Collection . ▁Re leased ▁later ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁the ▁book ▁is ▁only ▁available ▁at ▁L ulu . com ▁and ▁is ▁printed ▁on ▁demand . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Out ▁of ▁the ▁Gene ▁Pool ▁r er uns ▁at ▁Go Com ics . com ▁ ▁Category : 2 0 0 1 ▁com ics ▁debut s ▁Category : 2 0 0 8 ▁com ics ▁end ings ▁Category : American ▁comic ▁stri ps <0x0A> </s> ▁Sir ▁Nicholas ▁Cos mo ▁B ons or , ▁ 4 th ▁Baron et , ▁DL ▁( born ▁ 9 ▁December ▁ 1 9 4 2 ) ▁is ▁a ▁British ▁Conservative ▁politician . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁B ons or ▁was ▁educated ▁at ▁E ton ▁College ▁and ▁Ke ble ▁College , ▁Oxford . ▁ ▁Political ▁career ▁Having ▁un
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success fully ▁fought ▁New castle - under - L yme ▁in ▁both ▁February ▁and ▁October ▁ 1 9 7 4 ▁elections , ▁B ons or ▁was ▁Member ▁of ▁Parliament ▁for ▁N ant wich ▁from ▁ 1 9 7 9 ▁to ▁ 1 9 8 3 , ▁then ▁for ▁Up min ster ▁from ▁ 1 9 8 3 ▁until ▁he ▁lost ▁the ▁seat ▁to ▁Labour ' s ▁Keith ▁Dar v ill ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 7 . ▁He ▁was ▁Minister ▁of ▁State ▁for ▁Foreign ▁Affairs ▁from ▁ 1 9 9 5 ▁to ▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁and ▁pract ised ▁as ▁a ▁barr ister ▁in ▁London . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 4 , ▁just ▁before ▁he ▁became ▁a ▁minister , ▁B ons or ▁had ▁challenged ▁the ▁inc umb ent ▁Sir ▁Marcus ▁Fox ▁for ▁the ▁chair mans hip ▁of ▁the ▁influential ▁ 1 9 2 2 ▁Committee , ▁and ▁narrow ly ▁lost ▁by ▁ 1 2 9 ▁votes ▁to ▁ 1 1 6 . ▁B ons or , ▁a ▁Euro s cept ic , ▁had ▁previously ▁reb elled ▁against ▁the ▁government ▁by ▁voting ▁several ▁times ▁against ▁the ▁rat ification ▁of ▁the ▁Ma astr icht ▁Treat y ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 2 - 9 3 ▁parliament ary ▁session . ▁ ▁Post - Par liament ary ▁career ▁He ▁lives ▁at ▁Lis com be ▁Park ▁near ▁Soul bury ▁in ▁Buck ingham shire ▁and ▁is ▁a ▁Deputy ▁Lieutenant ▁of ▁Buck ingham shire . ▁ ▁He ▁pl ed ged ▁support , ▁by ▁appearing ▁together ▁in
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▁a ▁public ▁meeting , ▁to ▁N ig el ▁Far age ▁M EP ▁in ▁his ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁general ▁election ▁campaign ▁for ▁the ▁Buck ingham ▁constitu ency , ▁standing ▁against ▁the ▁speaker ▁of ▁the ▁House ▁( standing ▁for ▁re - election ), ▁John ▁Ber cow . ▁ ▁He ▁is ▁a ▁Vice - Pres ident ▁of ▁the ▁Stand ing ▁Council ▁of ▁the ▁Baron et age . ▁ ▁Family ▁Sir ▁Nicholas ▁was ▁the ▁elder ▁son ▁of ▁Sir ▁Bryan ▁B ons or ▁( 1 9 1 6 – 1 9 7 7 ) ▁and ▁his ▁wife ▁Elizabeth ▁Hamb ro ▁( 1 9 2 0 – 1 9 9 5 ). ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 9 , ▁he ▁married ▁Hon . ▁Nad ine ▁Mar isa ▁L amps on , ▁now ▁the ▁Hon . ▁Lady ▁B ons or , ▁a ▁daughter ▁of ▁Graham ▁Curt is ▁L amps on , ▁ 2 nd ▁Baron ▁K ille arn . ▁They ▁have ▁had ▁five ▁children , ▁including ▁elder ▁son ▁and ▁he ir ▁Alexander ▁Cos mo ▁Wal r ond ▁B ons or ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 7 6 ) ▁and ▁twin ▁daughters . ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁Times ▁Guide ▁to ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Commons , ▁Times ▁New sp apers ▁Limited , ▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁K idd , ▁Charles , ▁William son , ▁David ▁( edit ors ). ▁Deb rett ' s ▁Pe er age ▁and ▁Baron et age ▁( 1 9 9 0 ▁edition ). ▁New ▁York : ▁St ▁Martin ' s ▁Press , ▁
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1 9 9 0 , ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 4 2 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : People ▁educated ▁at ▁E ton ▁College ▁Category : Al umn i ▁of ▁Ke ble ▁College , ▁Oxford ▁Category : Con serv ative ▁Party ▁( UK ) ▁MP s ▁for ▁English ▁constitu encies ▁Category : UK ▁MP s ▁ 1 9 7 9 – 1 9 8 3 ▁Category : UK ▁MP s ▁ 1 9 8 3 – 1 9 8 7 ▁Category : UK ▁MP s ▁ 1 9 8 7 – 1 9 9 2 ▁Category : UK ▁MP s ▁ 1 9 9 2 – 1 9 9 7 ▁Category : Dep uty ▁Lie uten ants ▁of ▁Buck ingham shire ▁Category : People ▁from ▁Le ight on ▁B uzz ard ▁Category : B aron ets ▁in ▁the ▁Baron et age ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom <0x0A> </s> ▁Pow ell ▁House , ▁named ▁after ▁Els ie ▁K . ▁Pow ell ▁Sr ., ▁is ▁the ▁Qu aker ▁conference ▁and ▁retreat ▁center ▁of ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁Year ly ▁Meeting ▁of ▁the ▁Relig ious ▁Society ▁of ▁Friends , ▁located ▁in ▁Old ▁Ch ath am , ▁New ▁York . ▁ ▁Use ▁ ▁Pow ell ▁House ▁is ▁used ▁primarily ▁for ▁religious ▁con ferences ▁and ▁similar ▁gather ings ▁of ▁members ▁and ▁attend ers ▁of ▁meetings ▁belonging ▁to ▁New ▁York ▁Year ly ▁Meeting . ▁It ▁is ▁also ▁used ▁for ▁meetings ▁of ▁Year ly ▁Meeting ▁commit te es ▁or ▁con ferences ▁sponsored ▁by ▁them .
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▁The ▁programs ▁include ▁a ▁wide ▁variety ▁of ▁educational , ▁inspir ational , ▁and ▁organiz ational ▁activities ▁for ▁youth ▁and ▁adults ▁related ▁to ▁the ▁religious , ▁ben ev olent , ▁and ▁social ▁concerns ▁of ▁the ▁Relig ious ▁Society ▁of ▁Friends . ▁The ▁facilities ▁are ▁available ▁for ▁use ▁by ▁affili ated ▁Friends ’ ▁organizations ▁and ▁other ▁religious ▁or ▁educational ▁groups ▁having ▁interests ▁compatible ▁with ▁those ▁of ▁Friends . ▁Short - term ▁so jour ners ▁are ▁sometimes ▁accommod ated . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁Els ie ▁Pow ell ▁don ated ▁residential ▁property ▁to ▁New ▁York ▁Year ly ▁Meeting . ▁ ▁The ▁year ly ▁meeting ▁decided ▁to ▁establish ▁a ▁retreat ▁center ▁on ▁the ▁property . ▁ ▁Pow ell ▁House ▁held ▁a ▁ 4 0 th ▁anniversary ▁celebration ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 . ▁ ▁During ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁and ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁the ▁Anna ▁Curt is ▁Center ▁under w ent ▁renov ation . ▁ ▁The ▁renov ation ▁included ▁several ▁energy - s aving ▁improvements ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁installation ▁of ▁solar ▁panels ▁and ▁a ▁rad iant ▁floor ▁heating ▁system . ▁ ▁It ▁made ▁more ▁space ▁for ▁conference ▁activities ▁and ▁increased ▁the ▁sleeping ▁capacity ▁of ▁the ▁facility . ▁ ▁It ▁also ▁made ▁the ▁facility ▁hand ic apped ▁accessible . ▁ ▁Camp us ▁ ▁Pow ell ▁House ' s ▁campus ▁now ▁consists ▁of ▁Pitt ▁Hall , ▁the ▁Anna ▁Curt is ▁Center , ▁a ▁director ’ s ▁residence , ▁a ▁youth ▁directors ’ ▁residence , ▁and ▁fifty - seven ▁acres ▁of
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▁land ▁with ▁a ▁camp ground ▁and ▁two ▁wildlife ▁p onds . ▁ ▁Pitt ▁Hall ▁is ▁where ▁the ▁majority ▁of ▁the ▁adult ▁con ferences ▁are ▁held . ▁ ▁The ▁Anna ▁Curt is ▁Center , ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Youth ▁Center , ▁is ▁where ▁youth ▁con ferences ▁are ▁usually ▁held . ▁ ▁Youth ▁program ▁ ▁The ▁youth ▁program ▁has ▁con ferences ▁designed ▁for ▁several ▁age ▁groups . ▁ ▁There ▁are ▁con ferences ▁for ▁ 4 th ▁and ▁ 5 th ▁grad ers , ▁ 6 th ▁through ▁ 8 th , ▁and ▁ 9 th ▁through ▁ 1 2 th ▁grad ers . ▁ ▁Most ▁youth ▁con ferences ▁run ▁from ▁Friday ▁dinner ▁to ▁Sunday ▁lunch ▁and ▁have ▁around ▁ 4 0 ▁attend ers . ▁ ▁Winter S ong ▁and ▁Earth S ong ▁are ▁special ▁youth ▁con ferences ▁for ▁which ▁both ▁buildings ▁are ▁required ▁because ▁there ▁are ▁nearly ▁double ▁the ▁usual ▁number ▁of ▁att ende es . ▁Earth s ong ▁celebr ates ▁the ▁spring ▁and ▁the ▁sen iors ▁who ▁are ▁gradu ating ▁from ▁the ▁program . ▁ ▁Win ters ong ▁celebr ates ▁warmth , ▁community , ▁and ▁light ▁in ▁winter . ▁ ▁Youth ▁from ▁ 7 th ▁to ▁ 1 2 th ▁grades ▁are ▁invited ▁to ▁these ▁con ferences . ▁ ▁Activ ities ▁▁ ▁Typ ical ▁con ferences ▁consist ▁of ▁the ▁following ▁elements : ▁Session : ▁A ▁time ▁when ▁the ▁whole ▁group ▁g athers ▁for ▁discussion , ▁games , ▁or ▁other ▁activities . ▁Small ▁group ▁discussions ▁Free ▁time ▁Me als ▁and ▁sn acks : ▁The ▁youth
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▁help ▁with ▁dishes , ▁cooking , ▁cleaning , ▁and ▁other ▁tasks ▁and ▁learn ▁a ▁good ▁work ▁eth ic . ▁Work ▁projects : ▁The ▁attend ers ▁are ▁asked ▁to ▁help ▁with ▁some ▁project ▁that ▁needs ▁doing ▁on ▁the ▁campus . ▁Work shops : ▁Att enders ▁choose ▁to ▁attend ▁a ▁workshop . ▁ ▁Adult s ▁from ▁the ▁Qu aker ▁community ▁are ▁often ▁asked ▁to ▁lead ▁workshops ▁for ▁the ▁youth . ▁Self ▁space : ▁A ▁period ▁in ▁the ▁middle ▁of ▁the ▁conference ▁set ▁aside ▁for ▁relaxation ▁and ▁alone ▁time . ▁Qu iet ▁time : ▁Just ▁before ▁bed ▁time ▁the ▁group ▁g athers ▁to ▁here ▁a ▁story ▁and ▁say ▁good ▁night . ▁ ▁Lead ership ▁in ▁the ▁youth ▁program ▁ ▁At ▁most ▁youth ▁con ferences ▁there ▁are ▁only ▁two ▁adult ▁leaders ▁( the ▁directors ) ▁and ▁one ▁adult ▁presence ▁( AP ). ▁ ▁Because ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁youth ▁want ▁to ▁be ▁there ▁and ▁enjoy ▁the ▁program ▁imm ens ely ▁there ▁is ▁very ▁little ▁need ▁for ▁author itative ▁figures , ▁however ▁several ▁Junior ▁Council ors ▁( J C s ) ▁are ▁chosen ▁for ▁every ▁ 4 th ▁and ▁ 5 th ▁grade ▁and ▁ 6 th ▁through ▁ 8 th ▁grade ▁conference . ▁ ▁J C s ▁are ▁youth ▁slightly ▁older ▁than ▁the ▁youth ▁attending ▁the ▁conference , ▁who ▁also ▁attend ▁con ferences ▁themselves . ▁ ▁Once ▁a ▁year ▁there ▁is ▁a ▁J C ▁training ▁conference ▁( J CT ) ▁during ▁which ▁attend ers ▁learn ▁leadership ▁and ▁med iation ▁skills . ▁ ▁J C s ▁lead ▁small ▁group
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▁discussions , ▁work ▁projects , ▁games , ▁meal ▁and ▁sn ack ▁cre ws , ▁and ▁workshops . ▁ ▁They ▁are ▁also ▁expected ▁to ▁set ▁an ▁example ▁for ▁the ▁other ▁youth ▁and ▁help ▁maintain ▁the ▁community ' s ▁safety ▁and ▁order . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁Category : Qu aker ism ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁( state ) ▁Category : Build ings ▁and ▁structures ▁in ▁Columbia ▁County , ▁New ▁York <0x0A> </s> ▁" F inger print ▁File " ▁is ▁the ▁closing ▁track ▁from ▁the ▁Roll ing ▁St ones ' ▁ 1 9 7 4 ▁album ▁It ' s ▁Only ▁Rock ▁' n ▁Roll . ▁It ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁their ▁first ▁attempts ▁to ▁branch ▁out ▁into ▁dance ▁or ▁electronic ▁music , ▁and ▁the ▁song ▁re semb les ▁music ▁by ▁S ly ▁and ▁the ▁Family ▁Stone . ▁Key ▁ingredients ▁of ▁the ▁song ▁are ▁the ▁rhythm ▁guitar ▁played ▁by ▁M ick ▁J agger , ▁which ▁features ▁heavy ▁ph asing ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁the ▁M XR ▁Phase ▁ 1 0 0 ▁effects ▁ped al , ▁and ▁the ▁highly ▁jazz / fun k - oriented ▁bass ▁guitar ▁played ▁by ▁M ick ▁Taylor . ▁Keith ▁Rich ards ▁uses ▁the ▁w ah - w ah ▁ped al ▁for ▁his ▁guitar ▁part . ▁Bill ▁W yman ▁is ▁on ▁synt hes iser , ▁Charlie ▁W atts ▁on ▁drums , ▁Billy ▁Prest on ▁on ▁cl av inet , ▁and ▁Nick y ▁Hop kins ▁on ▁piano . ▁Charlie ▁J olly ▁K un j app u ▁is ▁featured ▁on ▁the ▁tab la . ▁ ▁The
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▁lyrics , ▁similar ▁to ▁David ▁B owie ' s ▁" 1 9 8 4 ", ▁released ▁the ▁same ▁year , ▁express ▁frustration ▁over ▁government ▁monitoring ▁and ▁surveillance ▁activity , ▁perhaps ▁inspired ▁by ▁reports ▁of ▁the ▁wire t apping ▁of ▁domestic ▁" rad ical " ▁groups ▁in ▁the ▁US ▁during ▁the ▁Nixon ▁Administration . ▁ ▁A ▁live ▁version ▁is ▁featured ▁on ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 7 ▁live ▁album ▁Love ▁You ▁Live ▁and ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁live ▁album ▁L . A . ▁Friday ▁( Live ▁ 1 9 7 5 ), ▁recorded ▁during ▁the ▁Roll ing ▁St ones ▁Tour ▁of ▁the ▁Amer icas ▁' 7 5 . ▁ ▁On ▁most ▁releases ▁of ▁It ' s ▁Only ▁Rock ▁' n ▁Roll , ▁" F inger print ▁File " ▁is ▁master ed ▁at ▁a ▁faster ▁speed ▁than ▁the ▁original ▁recording . ▁A ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁Japanese ▁SH M - S AC D ▁re issue ▁of ▁the ▁album ▁features ▁a ▁speed - cor re cted ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁song , ▁running ▁about ▁a ▁half - minute ▁longer ▁than ▁on ▁other ▁releases . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : The ▁Roll ing ▁St ones ▁songs ▁Category : S ongs ▁written ▁by ▁J agger / Rich ards ▁Category : 1 9 7 4 ▁songs ▁Category : S ong ▁record ings ▁produced ▁by ▁the ▁G lim mer ▁Tw ins <0x0A> </s> ▁A ▁Tre pp ens pe icher ▁( liter ally ▁" st air case ▁store ") ▁is ▁the ▁German ▁term ▁for
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▁a ▁gran ary ▁or ▁secondary ▁farm ▁building ▁used ▁for ▁storage ▁and ▁typical ▁of ▁the ▁L ü ne burg ▁He ath ▁area ▁in ▁northern ▁Germany . ▁The ▁upper ▁store y ▁of ▁the ▁store ▁was ▁usually ▁accessed ▁via ▁a ▁flight ▁of ▁steps ▁on ▁the ▁outside ▁of ▁the ▁building , ▁usually ▁at ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁g able ▁ends , ▁thus ▁giving ▁the ▁building ▁its ▁name . ▁ ▁Description ▁ ▁Tre pp ens pe icher ▁are ▁only ▁relatively ▁small ▁buildings . ▁They ▁are ▁witness ▁to ▁the ▁craft sm ans hip ▁of ▁car pent ers ▁in ▁the ▁farming ▁community . ▁Their ▁solid , ▁wooden ▁construction ▁ens ured ▁that ▁the ▁interior ▁stayed ▁dry ▁and ▁they ▁were ▁so ▁tightly ▁pl anked ▁that ▁the ▁stored ▁produce ▁was ▁protected ▁from ▁m ice . ▁These ▁stores ▁used ▁to ▁be ▁built ▁within ▁sight , ▁but ▁at ▁a ▁distance ▁from ▁the ▁main ▁farm house . ▁This ▁ens ured ▁that , ▁if ▁the ▁farm house ▁caught ▁fire , ▁the ▁fire ▁would ▁not ▁spread ▁to ▁the ▁stores . ▁▁ ▁Tre pp ens pe icher ▁were ▁typical ▁of ▁the ▁L ü ne burg ▁He ath . ▁Here ▁they ▁remained ▁in ▁use ▁until ▁well ▁into ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁century . ▁They ▁increasingly ▁disappeared ▁however ▁because ▁they ▁are ▁no ▁longer ▁practical ▁today . ▁Now adays ▁the ▁store ▁rooms ▁are ▁normally ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁farm house ▁itself . ▁ ▁In ▁former ▁times ▁there ▁was ▁at ▁least ▁one , ▁but ▁usually ▁several , ▁stores ▁on ▁each ▁he ath ▁farm , ▁serving ▁all ▁sorts ▁of ▁purposes . ▁They ▁were ▁used ▁to
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▁store ▁grain , ▁buck whe at , ▁fl ax , ▁cotton , ▁l inen , ▁wool , ▁honey , ▁meat , ▁b acon ▁and ▁clothes . ▁They ▁were ▁often ▁used ▁as ▁sleeping ▁accommodation ▁for ▁the ▁farm h ands . ▁ ▁Gallery ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Bibli ography ▁▁ ▁St u hr woh ld t , ▁Alfred ▁( 1 9 3 6 ). ▁Die ▁Tre pp ens pe icher ▁in ▁der ▁L ü ne bur ger ▁He ide , ▁Brun sw ick : ▁TH ▁Car ola - W il hel mina . ▁▁ ▁Category : Gr an aries ▁Category : L ü ne burg ▁He ath <0x0A> </s> ▁Salvador ▁José ▁Ma ñ er ▁( 1 6 7 6 – 1 7 5 1 ) ▁was ▁a ▁Spanish ▁journalist , ▁historian ▁and ▁writer . ▁ ▁Se lected ▁works ▁A ▁Crit ical ▁History ▁of ▁the ▁Pass ion ▁of ▁Jesus ▁Christ ▁The ▁political ▁system ▁of ▁Europe ▁The ▁Swiss ▁ref eree , ▁ ▁History ▁of ▁Prince ▁Eug ene ▁of ▁Sav oy , ▁ ▁Count ▁Te ck eli ▁historical ▁novel , ▁ ▁The ▁famous ▁marine ▁man ▁ ▁The ▁critical ▁Am ph it he ater ▁Tri umph ▁of ▁the ▁Christian ▁religion , ▁and ▁true ▁Roman ▁Church . ▁New ▁Ex plan ation ▁of ▁many ▁places ▁of ▁sacred ▁Script ure , ▁which ▁claims ▁to ▁be ▁well ▁illustrated ▁by ▁the ▁lack ▁of ▁natural ▁light ▁and ▁natural ▁sciences . ▁History ▁of ▁the ▁R ul ers ▁of ▁the ▁world . ▁Collection ▁of ▁the ▁Golden ▁Bull , ▁with ▁notes , ▁Madrid , ▁ 1 7 4
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5 . ▁ ▁Category : Span ish ▁male ▁writers ▁Category : Span ish ▁histor ians ▁Category : People ▁from ▁C ád iz ▁Category : 1 6 7 6 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 7 5 1 ▁deaths <0x0A> </s> ▁Me es iger ▁is ▁a ▁municip ality ▁in ▁the ▁Me ck len burg ische ▁Se en pl atte ▁district , ▁in ▁Me ck len burg - V orp om mer n , ▁Germany . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Be z irk ▁Ne ub rand enburg <0x0A> </s> ▁Michael ▁Br am well ▁is ▁an ▁American ▁visual ▁artist ▁based ▁in ▁North ▁Carolina . ▁He ▁graduated ▁from ▁Oak wood ▁University ▁in ▁Hun ts ville , ▁Alabama ▁and ▁received ▁a ▁Master ▁of ▁Arts ▁from ▁Columbia ▁University , ▁and ▁an ▁M . F . A . ▁from ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁North ▁Carolina ▁at ▁Chap el ▁Hill ; ▁and ▁is ▁an ▁al umn us ▁of ▁the ▁Mo MA / P . S . 1 ▁National ▁Studio ▁Program ▁ ▁and ▁the ▁Sk ow he gan ▁School ▁of ▁Pain ting ▁and ▁S cul pt ure ▁in ▁Maine . ▁ ▁He ▁has ▁exhib ited ▁ ▁work ▁at : ▁Ne uber ger ▁Museum ▁of ▁Art , ▁New ▁Museum ▁of ▁Cont emporary ▁Art , ▁The ▁Portland ▁Museum ▁of ▁Art , ▁Mo MA / P . S . 1 , ▁International ▁Print ▁Center , ▁S othe by ' s , ▁Jack ▁T ilton ▁Gallery , ▁G ag os ian ▁Gallery , ▁Del aware ▁Center ▁for ▁Cont emporary ▁Art ▁and ▁Florida ▁Center ▁for ▁Cont emporary
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▁Art . ▁His ▁work ▁is ▁included ▁in ▁Public ▁Collections ▁of : ▁Jersey ▁City ▁Museum , ▁New ▁School ▁University , ▁New ▁York ▁City , ▁Sch omb urg ▁Center ▁for ▁Research ▁in ▁Black ▁Culture . ▁ ▁Awards ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁Art ists ' ▁Fellow ship ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁Joan ▁Mitchell ▁Foundation ▁Fellow ship ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁New ▁York ▁Foundation ▁for ▁the ▁Arts ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁Poll ock - K ras ner ▁Foundation ▁Fellow ship ▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁Rem a ▁H ort ▁Mann ▁Foundation ▁Fellow ship ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁Asian ▁Cultural ▁Council ▁Fellow ship ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁http :// a av ad . com / art st ibli og . cf m ? id = 8 6 8 8 ▁http :// www . g unk . org / gr ants . html # br am well ▁http :// 6 4 . 1 2 4 . 3 0 . 1 5 0 / html / art ist results . asp ? art ist = 3 2 7 & testing = true ▁https :// web . archive . org / web / 2 0 1 1 1 0 0 6 2 0 1 7 4 2 / http :// creat iv etime . org / archive / index . php ? 5 = m ichael + br am well ▁http :// www . ny times . com / 2 0 0 1 / 0 8 / 1 9 / ... / the
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- d ow nt own ing - of - upt own . html ? ... 4 ▁https :// web . archive . org / web / 2 0 1 0 0 7 0 2 2 2 3 5 0 2 / http :// www . ny fa . org / ny fa _ art ists _ detail . asp ? pid = 4 8 7 ▁http :// www . sa atch i - g allery . co . uk / your g allery / art ist profile // 1 1 9 0 9 0 ▁http :// fr ank lin f urn ace . org / art ist / F OT P / tf ot p 9 9 / text 3 . html ▁http :// www . al b any . edu / m useum / www m useum / crim inal / art ists / index . html ▁ ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : American ▁artists ▁Category : People ▁from ▁the ▁Bron x ▁Category : O ak wood ▁University ▁al umn i ▁Category : Col umb ia ▁University ▁al umn i ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁birth ▁missing ▁( l iving ▁people ) <0x0A> </s> ▁" If ▁I ▁Could ▁B ott le ▁This ▁Up " ▁is ▁a ▁song ▁written ▁by ▁Paul ▁Over stre et ▁and ▁Dean ▁D illon . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁recorded ▁as ▁a ▁du et ▁by ▁country ▁sing ers ▁George ▁Jones ▁and ▁Shel by ▁Lyn ne ▁and ▁released ▁as ▁a ▁single ▁in ▁September ▁ 1 9 8 8 , ▁pe
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aking ▁at ▁# 4 3 . ▁It ▁was ▁Lyn ne ' s ▁first ▁single ▁release ▁and ▁she ▁would ▁follow ▁it ▁with ▁her ▁debut ▁LP ▁Sun rise , ▁which ▁Billy ▁Sher r ill ▁would ▁also ▁produce . ▁ ▁The ▁song ▁would ▁later ▁surface ▁on ▁the ▁Jones ▁du et ▁compilation ▁Friends ▁in ▁High ▁Pl aces ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 . ▁ ▁George ▁Jones ▁version ▁ ▁Chart ▁performance ▁ ▁Paul ▁Over stre et ▁version ▁ ▁Over stre et ▁released ▁his ▁own ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁song ▁in ▁November ▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁as ▁the ▁fourth ▁single ▁from ▁his ▁album ▁Hero es . ▁ ▁The ▁song ▁reached ▁# 3 0 ▁on ▁the ▁Bill board ▁Hot ▁Country ▁Singles ▁& ▁Tr acks ▁chart . ▁ ▁Chart ▁performance ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 8 8 ▁singles ▁Category : 1 9 9 1 ▁singles ▁Category : Ge orge ▁Jones ▁songs ▁Category : S hel by ▁Lyn ne ▁songs ▁Category : Paul ▁Over stre et ▁songs ▁Category : S ongs ▁written ▁by ▁Dean ▁D illon ▁Category : S ongs ▁written ▁by ▁Paul ▁Over stre et ▁Category : S ong ▁record ings ▁produced ▁by ▁Brown ▁B ann ister ▁Category : S ong ▁record ings ▁produced ▁by ▁Billy ▁Sher r ill ▁Category : E pic ▁Records ▁singles ▁Category : R CA ▁Records ▁singles <0x0A> </s> ▁ Ó l ch ob ar ▁mac ▁Du ib - Ind recht ▁( d ied ▁ 8 0 5 ) ▁was ▁a ▁supposed ▁King ▁of ▁Mun ster ▁from ▁the ▁E ó gan acht ▁Á
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ine ▁branch ▁of ▁the ▁E ó gan acht a . ▁His ▁last ▁p ater nal ▁ancest or ▁to ▁hold ▁the ▁throne ▁was ▁C ú án ▁mac ▁Am alg ado ▁( d ied ▁ 6 4 1 ), ▁five ▁generations ▁previous . ▁His ▁great ▁grandfather ▁U is ne ch ▁had ▁been ▁the ▁brother ▁of ▁another ▁King ▁E ter sc él ▁mac ▁M á ele ▁U ma i ▁( d ied ▁ 7 2 1 ). ▁According ▁to ▁a ▁gene al og ical ▁tract ▁U is ne ach ▁was ▁he ir ▁apparent ▁to ▁the ▁Mun ster ▁throne ▁until ▁sl ain ▁by ▁his ▁brother ▁through ▁env y ▁and ▁hatred ▁and ▁then ▁E ter sc él ▁assumed ▁the ▁kings hip ▁of ▁Mun ster . ▁ ▁For ▁the ▁seventh ▁and ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁e ighth ▁century ▁the ▁Kings hip ▁of ▁Mun ster ▁had ▁rot ated ▁among ▁the ▁inner ▁circle ▁of ▁E ó gan acht a . ▁This ▁was ▁broken ▁by ▁the ▁reign ▁of ▁M á el ▁D ú in ▁mac ▁Á edo ▁( d ied ▁ 7 8 6 ) ▁of ▁the ▁E ó gan acht ▁L och a ▁Lé in ▁branch ▁which ▁ruled ▁in ▁I arm uman ▁( West ▁Mun ster ). ▁The ▁definit ive ▁restoration ▁of ▁the ▁rule ▁of ▁the ▁inner ▁circle ▁is ▁considered ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁ord ination ▁of ▁Ar tr í ▁mac ▁Cath ail ▁( d ied ▁ 8 2 1 ) ▁of ▁the ▁E ó gan acht ▁Gl end am n ach ▁branch ▁as ▁king ▁in ▁ 7 9 3 .< ref >
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Ann als ▁of ▁Ul ster , ▁AU ▁ 7 9 3 . 3 </ ref > ▁ Ó l ch ob ar ▁may ▁have ▁been ▁recognized ▁as ▁he ir ▁and ▁is ▁called ▁royal ▁he ir ▁of ▁Mum u ▁at ▁his ▁death ▁by ▁the ▁Ann als ▁of ▁Inn isf allen . ▁An ▁alternative ▁is ▁that ▁he ▁succeeded ▁M á el ▁D ú in ▁in ▁ 7 8 6 ▁and ▁was ▁de posed ▁in ▁ 7 9 3 . ▁▁ Ó l ch ob ar ▁mac ▁Fl ain n ▁( d ied ▁ 7 9 6 ), ▁a ▁supposed ▁King ▁of ▁Mun ster ▁from ▁the ▁U í ▁F id gent i ▁of ▁County ▁L imer ick ▁may ▁have ▁been ▁confused ▁with ▁ Ó l ch ob ar ▁mac ▁Du ib - Ind recht . ▁▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁▁ ▁Ann als ▁of ▁Ul ster ▁at ▁C EL T : ▁Cor pus ▁of ▁Elect ronic ▁Text s ▁at ▁University ▁College ▁C ork ▁ ▁Ann als ▁of ▁Inn isf allen ▁at ▁C EL T : ▁Cor pus ▁of ▁Elect ronic ▁Text s ▁at ▁University ▁College ▁C ork ▁ ▁By r ne , ▁Francis ▁John ▁( 2 0 0 1 ), ▁Irish ▁Kings ▁and ▁High - K ings , ▁Dublin : ▁Four ▁Cour ts ▁Press , ▁▁ ▁Charles - Ed wards , ▁T . ▁M . ▁( 2 0 0 0 ), ▁Early ▁Christian ▁Ireland ' ', ▁Cambridge : ▁Cambridge ▁University ▁Press , ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁C EL T : ▁Cor pus ▁of ▁Elect ronic ▁Text
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s ▁at ▁University ▁College ▁C ork ▁ ▁Category : K ings ▁of ▁Mun ster ▁Category : 8 0 5 ▁deaths ▁Category : 9 th - century ▁Irish ▁mon arch s ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁birth ▁unknown <0x0A> </s> ▁C . ▁El aine ▁Parker , ▁born ▁Cor a ▁El aine ▁Smith , ▁ ▁( J une ▁ 1 1 , ▁ 1 9 2 6 ▁– ▁December ▁ 3 0 , ▁ 2 0 0 9 ) ▁was ▁a ▁Har lem ▁community ▁activ ist ▁who ▁promoted ▁and ▁directed ▁social , ▁political , ▁economic , ▁or ▁environmental ▁change ▁in ▁Har lem . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁El aine ▁or ▁“ L ady ▁Day ” ▁as ▁she ▁was ▁often ▁called , ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Washington , ▁D . C . ▁to ▁Mr . ▁Lawrence ▁Smith ▁and ▁Mrs . ▁Mary ▁Ag nes ▁Smith . ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁mother ▁of ▁five ▁children ▁and ▁wife ▁of ▁the ▁late ▁Leonard ▁R . ▁Parker , ▁Jr . ▁She ▁completed ▁her ▁primary ▁education ▁in ▁Staff ord , ▁Virginia ▁at ▁the ▁Staff ord ▁Training ▁School . ▁She ▁moved ▁to ▁New ▁York ▁at ▁an ▁early ▁age ▁where ▁she ▁began ▁her ▁modeling ▁career ▁and ▁became ▁the ▁first ▁black ▁woman ▁spokes ▁model ▁at ▁The ▁World ’ s ▁Fair . ▁This ▁was ▁after ▁the ▁many ▁struggles ▁and ▁protests ▁that ▁C . O . R . E . ▁w aged ▁for ▁black ▁employment ▁and ▁representation ▁at ▁the ▁World ' s ▁Fair . ▁▁ ▁El aine ▁began ▁her ▁career ▁as ▁a ▁community ▁activ ist ▁where ▁she ▁was ▁elected ▁president ▁of
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▁the ▁Parent ▁Te acher ▁Association ▁at ▁P . S . ▁ 1 0 0 , ▁Matthew ▁H enson ▁School ▁in ▁Har lem . ▁This ▁motivated ▁her ▁to ▁become ▁" a ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁solution ”. ▁Her ▁strong ▁sense ▁of ▁community ▁activ ism ▁was ▁recognized ▁by ▁the ▁late ▁Honor able ▁Congress man ▁Adam ▁Clay ton ▁Pow ell , ▁Jr . ▁who ▁selected ▁her ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁his ▁team , ▁where ▁she ▁served ▁as ▁an ▁a ide ▁and ▁community ▁l ia ison . ▁ ▁Community ▁ ▁Her ▁enthusiasm ▁for ▁helping ▁the ▁black ▁community ▁led ▁her ▁to ▁join ▁the ▁Congress ▁of ▁R ac ial ▁Equ ality ▁( C . O . R . E ). ▁As ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁her ▁leadership ▁skills , ▁she ▁subsequently ▁became ▁Director ▁of ▁the ▁Har lem ▁Office ▁of ▁C . O . R . E . ▁El aine ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁become ▁a ▁super visor ▁for ▁the ▁community - based ▁organization , ▁Cit iz ens ▁Action ▁for ▁a ▁Sa fer ▁Har lem ▁( C . A . S . H .). ▁▁ ▁El aine ▁was ▁appointed ▁director ▁of ▁the ▁Northern ▁Manhattan ▁Office ▁of ▁the ▁Bor ough ▁President , ▁Honor able ▁Andrew ▁Stein . ▁She ▁remained ▁there ▁until ▁Mr . ▁Stein ▁became ▁the ▁President ▁of ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁Council ▁at ▁which ▁time ▁she ▁was ▁then ▁appointed ▁O mb ud s men ▁for ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁Council ▁President ’ s ▁office . ▁While ▁there , ▁she ▁helped ▁several ▁prominent ▁causes ▁which ▁saw ▁her ▁as ▁a ▁direct ▁link ▁to ▁City
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▁Hall ▁and ▁she ▁became ▁well ▁known ▁as ▁a ▁person ▁who ▁was ▁effective ▁and ▁could ▁actually ▁get ▁things ▁done ▁for ▁her ▁community ▁and ▁her ▁people ▁in ▁the ▁City ▁of ▁New ▁York . ▁▁ ▁While ▁serving ▁as ▁an ▁a ide ▁to ▁the ▁Honor able ▁Andrew ▁Stein , ▁she ▁continued ▁her ▁education ▁at ▁the ▁New ▁School ▁for ▁Social ▁Research ▁where ▁she ▁studied ▁Psych ology . ▁She ▁broad ened ▁her ▁ability ▁to ▁solve ▁community ▁issues ▁by ▁further ing ▁her ▁studies ▁at ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁Institute ▁for ▁Med iation ▁and ▁Conf lict ▁Res olution , ▁where ▁she ▁received ▁her ▁certification ▁as ▁a ▁medi ator . ▁She ▁also ▁considered ▁her ▁work ▁in ▁the ▁community ▁with ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁Board ▁of ▁Education ▁Title ▁ 1 ▁program ▁as ▁an ▁important ▁factor ▁in ▁her ▁development . ▁▁ ▁El aine ▁was ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁A by ss inian ▁Bapt ist ▁Church ▁and ▁served ▁as ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁board ▁of ▁directors ▁for ▁a ▁variety ▁of ▁organizations ▁including : ▁Har lem ▁Urban ▁Development ▁Corporation ; ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁Urban ▁League ; ▁Har lem ▁Hospital ▁Community ▁Board ; ▁Community ▁Planning ▁Bo ards ▁ 1 0 ▁and ▁ 1 1 ; ▁Rena issance ▁Health ▁Care ▁Network ▁of ▁Har lem ▁Hospital ▁and ▁the ▁Central ▁Har lem ▁Senior ▁Cit izen ▁Center , ▁to ▁name ▁a ▁few . ▁She ▁was ▁also ▁vice - pres ident ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 5 th ▁Prec inct / Comm unity ▁Council ; ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁Coal ition ▁of ▁ 1 0 0 ▁Black ▁Women ▁and ▁a ▁former ▁Chair
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person ▁of ▁the ▁Board ▁of ▁River b end ▁H ousing ▁Corporation ▁where ▁she ▁lived ▁for ▁many ▁years . ▁ ▁Business ▁ ▁C . ▁El aine ▁Parker ▁has ▁been ▁recognized ▁for ▁her ▁service ▁by ▁the ▁National ▁Association ▁of ▁Negro ▁Business ▁and ▁Professional ▁Women , ▁Who ’ s ▁Who ▁in ▁US ▁Execut ives ▁and ▁is ▁a ▁recipient ▁of ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁awards ▁including ▁the ▁Mother ▁H ale ▁Community ▁Service ▁Award ; ▁the ▁Har lem ▁Hospital ▁Community ▁Service ▁Award ▁and ▁the ▁President ’ s ▁Award ▁from ▁Mal colm - King ▁Har lem ▁College ▁Extension . ▁She ▁has ▁also ▁been ▁recognized ▁by ▁many ▁for ▁her ▁great ▁ded ication ▁to ▁the ▁people ▁of ▁Har lem , ▁the ▁community ▁she ▁loved . ▁▁ ▁El aine ▁is ▁survived ▁by ▁a ▁brother ▁Leonard ▁T id ley ; ▁four ▁children ; ▁Michael , ▁Ed na , ▁Re ena , ▁and ▁Leonard ▁III . ▁She ▁was ▁mother ▁to ▁Alfred ▁( de ce ased ); ▁Grand mother ▁to ; ▁K hal il ah , ▁Am ir ah , ▁Shar rief , ▁Alfred ▁Jr ., ▁J asm ine , ▁Isaac , ▁Joshua , ▁William , ▁Prest on , ▁and ▁M ia . ▁Great - Gr and mother ▁to ▁Daniel , ▁Sony e , ▁Shar rief ▁II , ▁Y ass in , ▁and ▁Heaven . ▁She ▁is ▁also ▁survived ▁by ▁a ▁host ▁of ▁nie ces , ▁nep he ws , ▁cous ins ▁and ▁friends . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁O bit uary , ▁Re ena ▁Walker ▁January ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁ ▁Category : 1
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9 2 6 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 0 9 ▁deaths ▁Category : American ▁community ▁activ ists ▁Category : People ▁from ▁Har lem <0x0A> </s> ▁Mir ko ▁Bel j ans ki ▁( 1 9 2 3 ▁– ▁ 2 7 ▁October ▁ 1 9 9 8 ) ▁was ▁a ▁French - Ser bian ▁molecular ▁bi ologist , ▁notable ▁in ▁the ▁latter ▁part ▁of ▁his ▁career ▁for ▁dev ising ▁and ▁promoting ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁in effective ▁cancer ▁treatments , ▁and ▁for ▁treating ▁French ▁president ▁François ▁M itter rand ▁with ▁them . ▁ ▁Bel j ans ki ▁was ▁found ▁guilty ▁of ▁medical ▁mal p ract ice ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 4 . ▁Both ▁he ▁and ▁M itter rand ▁subsequently ▁died ▁of ▁cancer . ▁ ▁Career ▁Bel j ans ki ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 3 ▁in ▁Y ug oslav ia . ▁He ▁came ▁to ▁France ▁to ▁study , ▁and ▁lived ▁there ▁for ▁the ▁rest ▁of ▁his ▁life . ▁He ▁was ▁married ▁to ▁Mon ique ▁Lucas , ▁daughter ▁of ▁Ren é ▁Lucas ▁and ▁grand d aughter ▁of ▁Paul ine ▁Ram art . ▁ ▁He ▁received ▁a ▁PhD ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 8 ▁from ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Paris . ▁In ▁ 1 9 4 8 , ▁he ▁entered ▁the ▁C N RS ▁and ▁worked ▁at ▁the ▁P aste ur ▁Institute ▁in ▁Paris ▁as ▁a ▁research er ▁in ▁molecular ▁bi ology . ▁Bel j ans ki ▁was ▁made ▁to ▁leave ▁the ▁P aste ur ▁Institute ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 8 , ▁after
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▁purs uing ▁research ▁against ▁the ▁advice ▁of ▁the ▁inst itute , ▁but ▁still ▁continued ▁to ▁publish ▁scientific ▁papers . ▁He ▁was ▁at ▁the ▁Fac ulty ▁of ▁Ph arm acy ▁of ▁Ch â ten ay - Mal ab ry ▁until ▁his ▁retirement ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 8 . ▁ ▁Bel j ans ki ▁believed ▁he ▁had ▁found ▁ant iv ir als ▁effective ▁against ▁cancer ▁and ▁A IDS . ▁A ▁product ▁made ▁from ▁extract s ▁of ▁the ▁Brazil ian ▁P ao ▁p ere ira ▁tree ▁and ▁called ▁P B 1 0 0 ▁was ▁claimed ▁to ▁be ▁superior ▁to ▁A Z T , ▁which ▁Bel j ans ki ▁called ▁" real ▁poison ". ▁Custom ers ▁included ▁François ▁M itter rand ▁( via ▁a ▁home opath ▁called ▁Philippe ▁de ▁K uy per ). ▁There ▁was ▁never ▁any ▁evidence ▁that ▁any ▁of ▁the ▁products ▁Bel j ans ki ▁promoted ▁were ▁effective ▁medicine ; ▁the ▁French ▁Department ▁of ▁Health ▁accused ▁him ▁of ▁il leg ally ▁practicing ▁medicine ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 , ▁and ▁he ▁was ▁found ▁guilty ▁of ▁mal p ract ice ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 4 . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 2 , ▁the ▁European ▁court ▁of ▁human ▁rights ▁ruled ▁that ▁the ▁length ▁of ▁a ▁second ▁criminal ▁investigation ▁had ▁been ▁excessive ▁and ▁made ▁a ▁financial ▁award ▁to ▁his ▁wid ow . ▁ ▁Death ▁Bel j ans ki ▁died ▁from ▁cancer ▁in ▁Paris ▁on ▁ 2 7 ▁October ▁ 1 9 9 8 . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁un pro ven ▁and ▁dis
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pro ven ▁cancer ▁treatments ▁Altern ative ▁cancer ▁treatments ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 2 3 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 9 8 ▁deaths ▁Category : Al tern ative ▁cancer ▁treatment ▁advoc ates ▁Category : People ▁in ▁alternative ▁medicine ▁Category : F rench ▁molecular ▁bi ologists ▁Category : Y ug oslav ▁exp atri ates ▁in ▁France <0x0A> </s> ▁T ess anne ▁Amanda ▁Ch in ▁( ; ▁born ▁September ▁ 2 0 , ▁ 1 9 8 5 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Jama ican ▁recording ▁artist , ▁best ▁known ▁for ▁winning ▁Season ▁ 5 ▁of ▁NBC ' s ▁reality ▁TV ▁singing ▁competition ▁The ▁Voice ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁Adam ▁Lev ine ' s ▁team . ▁She ▁has ▁opened ▁for ▁famous ▁acts ▁such ▁as ▁P atti ▁Label le , ▁Pe ab o ▁Bry son ▁and ▁Glad ys ▁Knight , ▁and ▁tou red ▁for ▁three ▁years ▁with ▁Jimmy ▁Cl iff . ▁She ▁is ▁the ▁younger ▁sister ▁of ▁singer ▁T ami ▁Ch yn n . ▁ ▁Her ▁major ▁label ▁debut ▁album , ▁Count ▁On ▁My ▁Love , ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁July ▁ 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁under ▁Republic ▁Records . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁Ch in ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁King ston , ▁Jama ica , ▁and ▁attended ▁M avis ville ▁Pre par atory ▁school . ▁Her ▁father , ▁Richard ▁Ch in , ▁is ▁of ▁Jama ican ▁Chinese ▁descent ▁and ▁her ▁mother , ▁Christ ine ▁Ch in , ▁also ▁a ▁Jama ican ▁national , ▁is ▁of ▁English ▁and ▁African ▁descent . ▁Her ▁parents ▁were
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▁in ▁a ▁band ▁called ▁The ▁Carn ations ▁and ▁her ▁older ▁sister ▁T ami ▁Ch yn n ▁is ▁also ▁a ▁singer . ▁Her ▁cousin ▁Jay ▁Hall ▁is ▁a ▁vocal ist ▁and ▁guitar ist ▁with ▁UK ▁rock ers ▁Gr ass routes ▁( and ▁previously ▁The ▁Royal ▁Players ), ▁and ▁Jay ' s ▁brother ▁Leon ▁is ▁a ▁vocal ist ▁with ▁sk a - f usion ▁act ▁Elect rik ▁C ust ard . ▁ ▁T ess anne ▁was ▁introduced ▁to ▁music ▁at ▁a ▁very ▁early ▁age ▁by ▁her ▁parents . ▁Her ▁mother ▁was ▁the ▁trump eter ▁and ▁singer ▁in ▁The ▁Carn ations ▁and ▁her ▁father ▁was ▁the ▁band ' s ▁drum mer . ▁The ▁family ▁has ▁a ▁recording ▁studio ▁in ▁their ▁home ▁in ▁Jama ica . ▁ ▁T ess anne ▁started ▁performing ▁when ▁she ▁was ▁six ▁years ▁old ▁with ▁Cath y ▁Lev y ' s ▁Little ▁People ▁and ▁Te en ▁Players ▁Club , ▁one ▁of ▁Jama ica ' s ▁top ▁performing ▁arts ▁schools . ▁Most ▁of ▁her ▁vocal ▁coaching ▁came ▁from ▁her ▁mother , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁noted ▁vocal ▁coach ▁L ec ie ▁Wright . ▁T ess anne ▁learned ▁first hand ▁about ▁cultural ▁diversity ▁when ▁she ▁moved ▁to ▁England ▁at ▁age ▁ 1 2 . ▁She ▁cop ed ▁with ▁the ▁move ▁by ▁dev oting ▁a ▁lot ▁of ▁time ▁to ▁writing ▁songs . ▁ ▁T ess anne ▁married ▁long time ▁boyfriend ▁and ▁broad c aster ▁Michael ▁Anthony ▁C uff e ▁Jr ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁After ▁four ▁years ▁of ▁marriage , ▁the ▁couple ▁confirmed ▁that
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▁they ▁were ▁having ▁mar ital ▁problems . ▁Ch in ▁and ▁C uff e ▁divor ced ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁ ▁Career ▁▁ 2 0 0 6 – 2 0 1 2 : ▁Early ▁career ▁Upon ▁her ▁return ▁to ▁Jama ica , ▁Ch in ▁joined ▁the ▁Jama ican ▁rock ▁band ▁M ile ▁High ▁and ▁performed ▁for ▁crowds ▁at ▁many ▁local ▁ven ues ▁including ▁Jazz f est , ▁Rock f est , ▁and ▁RET V ▁Un plug ged . ▁Their ▁style , ▁" rock ▁reg ga e ," ▁was ▁unique ▁and ▁distinct . ▁After ▁going ▁on ▁tour ▁for ▁three ▁years ▁with ▁Jimmy ▁Cl iff ▁as ▁a ▁back - up ▁singer , ▁she ▁decided ▁to ▁launch ▁her ▁solo ▁career . ▁ ▁After ▁T ess anne ▁left ▁M ile ▁High , ▁she ▁began ▁writing ▁songs ▁for ▁her ▁first ▁album . ▁Gu itar ist ▁Rud y ▁Valent ino ▁and ▁drum mer ▁Paul ▁" G ro ove G al ore " ▁K astic K ▁were ▁her ▁producers ▁for ▁her ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁independent ▁debut ▁album ▁In ▁Between ▁W ords . ▁Her ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁debut ▁single , ▁" Hide away " ▁received ▁heavy ▁rotation ▁on ▁Caribbean ▁radio ▁and ▁select ▁stations ▁in ▁New ▁York . ▁Both ▁the ▁single ▁and ▁its ▁music ▁video ▁were ▁very ▁popular . ▁The ▁song ▁was ▁also ▁featured ▁on ▁V P ▁Records ' ▁Reg ga e ▁Gold ▁ 2 0 0 7 . ▁After ▁" Hide away ," ▁she ▁has ▁released ▁two ▁more ▁singles , ▁" M ess enger "
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▁and ▁" Black ▁Books ," ▁both ▁available ▁online ▁on ▁" In ▁Between ▁W ords ". ▁ ▁She ▁has ▁performed ▁at ▁several ▁live ▁shows , ▁including ▁The ▁Air ▁Jama ica ▁Jazz ▁and ▁Blues ▁Festival ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁Reg ga e ▁Sum f est ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁& ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁the ▁De ck ▁Ca fe , ▁The ▁Port ▁Royal ▁Music ▁Festival , ▁ABC ▁S lim ▁Tra xx , ▁and ▁her ▁very ▁own ▁show ▁" Ar ab ian ▁Night ." ▁ ▁T ess anne ▁has ▁collabor ated ▁with ▁fellow ▁Jama ican ▁artists ▁Sh ag gy ▁(" Never ▁Let ▁Go ") ▁and ▁Pro to je ▁(" Some one ▁Like ▁You "), ▁the ▁Tr in idad ▁and ▁Tob ago ▁soc a ▁band ▁K es ▁(" L oving ▁You ") ▁and ▁was ▁featured ▁in ▁a ▁track ▁by ▁the ▁legendary ▁Jama ican ▁band ▁Third ▁World , ▁titled ▁" By ▁My ▁Side ." ▁She ▁appeared ▁as ▁a ▁special ▁guest ▁of ▁Third ▁World ▁at ▁the ▁High line ▁Ball room ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁in ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁" By ▁My ▁Side " ▁was ▁featured ▁in ▁the ▁sound track ▁of ▁Robert ▁Town send ' s ▁series ▁" Di ary ▁of ▁a ▁Single ▁Mom " ▁star ring ▁Mon ica ▁Cal h oun , ▁Leon , ▁and ▁Billy ▁De e ▁Williams . ▁ ▁Other ▁noted ▁tracks ▁by ▁T ess anne ▁are ▁rem akes ▁of ▁songs ▁by ▁other ▁famous ▁artists ▁and ▁bands ▁such ▁as ▁Foreign er ' s ▁" I ▁W anna ▁Know
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▁What ▁Love ▁Is ," ▁The ▁Who ' s ▁" Love , ▁Re ign ▁o ' er ▁Me ," ▁Kat y ▁Perry ' s ▁" Fire work ," ▁and ▁Ph ish ' s ▁" Free ." ▁A ▁rem ake ▁of ▁Bob ▁Mar ley ' s ▁" Could ▁You ▁Be ▁L oved ," ▁which ▁T ess anne ▁performed ▁with ▁her ▁band ▁M ile ▁High , ▁also ▁circul ated ▁through ▁the ▁internet ▁early ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 . ▁Other ▁works ▁include ▁a ▁live ▁performance ▁of ▁" You ▁and ▁Me " ▁written ▁and ▁performed ▁with ▁her ▁older ▁sister ▁T ami ▁Ch yn n . ▁ ▁On ▁December ▁ 6 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁T ess anne ▁released ▁her ▁independent ▁debut ▁album ▁available ▁for ▁digital ▁download ▁entitled ▁In ▁Between ▁W ords . ▁ ▁The ▁Voice ▁( 2 0 1 3 ) ▁In ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁it ▁was ▁announced ▁that ▁she ▁would ▁be ▁competing ▁in ▁Season ▁ 5 ▁of ▁NBC ' s ▁singing ▁competition , ▁The ▁Voice , ▁after ▁reg ga e / d ance hall ▁star ▁Sh ag gy ▁presented ▁her ▁the ▁competition ▁as ▁an ▁opportunity ▁to ▁finally ▁have ▁her ▁big ▁break ▁as ▁an ▁international ▁star . ▁On ▁the ▁second ▁episode ▁of ▁the ▁Bl ind ▁Aud itions ▁broadcast ▁on ▁September ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁she ▁performed ▁Pink ' s ▁song ▁" Try ." ▁All ▁four ▁coaches , ▁namely ▁Adam ▁Lev ine , ▁C ee Lo ▁Green , ▁Christ ina ▁A gu il era
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▁and ▁Blake ▁Shel ton ▁turned ▁their ▁chairs ▁for ▁her ▁but ▁she ▁opt ed ▁for ▁Adam ▁Lev ine . ▁ ▁On ▁December ▁ 1 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁her ▁performance ▁of ▁Simon ▁& ▁Gar fun kel ' s ▁classic ▁" B ridge ▁over ▁T rou bled ▁Water " ▁for ▁the ▁Sem if inal ▁Round ▁became ▁# 1 ▁on ▁the ▁i T unes ▁chart , ▁with ▁her ▁becoming ▁the ▁first ▁contest ant ▁to ▁achieve ▁the ▁top ▁chart ▁position ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁an ▁applicable ▁voting ▁window ▁that ▁season . ▁This ▁performance ▁also ▁served ▁as ▁her ▁first ▁U . S . ▁chart ▁appearance , ▁chart ing ▁at ▁# 6 4 ▁on ▁the ▁Hot ▁ 1 0 0 ▁chart , ▁# 1 4 ▁on ▁the ▁Digital ▁Songs ▁chart , ▁and ▁# 5 ▁on ▁Heat seek ers ▁Songs ▁chart . ▁On ▁the ▁Canadian ▁Hot ▁ 1 0 0 , ▁the ▁song ▁made ▁its ▁debut ▁at ▁# 3 9 . ▁On ▁December ▁ 1 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁her ▁performance ▁of ▁Whit ney ▁Houston ' s ▁" I ▁Have ▁Nothing " ▁became ▁# 1 ▁on ▁the ▁i T unes ▁chart , ▁with ▁her ▁also ▁becoming ▁the ▁first ▁contest ant ▁that ▁season ▁to ▁achieve ▁the ▁top ▁chart ▁position ▁twice . ▁The ▁following ▁week ▁the ▁cover ▁made ▁its ▁debut ▁on ▁the ▁Hot ▁ 1 0 0 ▁at ▁# 5 1 , ▁# 1 2 ▁on ▁the ▁Digital ▁Songs ▁chart ▁and ▁# 1 5 ▁on ▁the ▁Hot ▁R & B / H ip -
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H op ▁Songs ▁chart . ▁Her ▁du et ▁with ▁coach ▁Adam ▁Lev ine , ▁a ▁cover ▁of ▁The ▁Beat les ' ▁" Let ▁It ▁Be " ▁chart ed ▁at ▁# 7 6 ▁on ▁the ▁Hot ▁ 1 0 0 ▁and ▁# 2 4 ▁on ▁Digital ▁Songs . ▁The ▁songs ▁also ▁chart ed ▁at ▁ ▁# 1 ▁and ▁# 7 ▁respectively ▁on ▁the ▁Heat seek ers ▁Songs ▁chart . ▁In ▁Canada , ▁her ▁cover ▁of ▁" I ▁Have ▁Nothing " ▁chart ed ▁at ▁# 3 2 ▁while ▁" Let ▁it ▁Be " ▁chart ed ▁at ▁# 3 5 . ▁A ▁compilation ▁album ▁with ▁studio ▁versions ▁of ▁her ▁The ▁Voice ▁performances ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁i T unes ▁and ▁chart ed ▁at ▁# 4 ▁on ▁the ▁Heat seek ers ▁Albums ▁chart . ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁Finale ▁Results ▁show , ▁she ▁was ▁revealed ▁to ▁be ▁the ▁winner ▁of ▁Season ▁ 5 ▁obtaining ▁the ▁highest ▁number ▁of ▁votes ▁in ▁Voice ▁history . ▁Jac qu ie ▁Lee ▁as ▁runner - up ▁and ▁Will ▁Ch am pl in ▁in ▁third ▁place . ▁After ▁her ▁victory ▁was ▁announced , ▁she ▁debut ed ▁her ▁first ▁U . S . ▁single ▁" T umbling ▁Down ," ▁written ▁by ▁Ryan ▁Ted der ▁of ▁One Rep ublic . ▁She ▁is ▁to ▁date ▁so ▁far , ▁the ▁only ▁foreign ▁born ▁contest ant ▁to ▁win ▁The ▁Voice ▁USA . ▁▁ ▁– ▁Studio ▁version ▁of ▁performance ▁reached ▁the ▁top ▁ 1 0 ▁on ▁i T unes ▁▁ 2 0 1 4 : ▁After ▁The ▁Voice ▁and ▁major ▁label
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▁debut ▁On ▁December ▁ 3 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁T ess anne ▁was ▁named ▁Caribbean ▁Journal ' s ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁Artist ▁of ▁the ▁Year . ▁ ▁Jo ined ▁by ▁run ners - up ▁Jac qu ie ▁Lee ▁and ▁Will ▁Ch am pl in , ▁she ▁performed ▁at ▁the ▁annual ▁Rose ▁Par ade ▁on ▁January ▁ 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁at op ▁the ▁first ▁ever ▁The ▁Voice ▁float . ▁She ▁performed ▁her ▁single ▁" T umbling ▁Down ." ▁ ▁On ▁January ▁ 1 2 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁she ▁head lined ▁her ▁first ▁show ▁in ▁celebration ▁of ▁her ▁victory ▁on ▁The ▁Voice , ▁dub bed ▁" T ess anne ' s ▁Home coming ." ▁The ▁event ▁was ▁held ▁in ▁downtown ▁King ston ▁and ▁admission ▁was ▁free . ▁Also ▁performing ▁were ▁Sh ag gy , ▁Wayne ▁Marshall , ▁Ass ass in / Agent ▁S as co , ▁and ▁fellow ▁reg ga e ▁song st ress ▁Al aine . ▁That ▁night , ▁she ▁was ▁presented ▁a ▁Gold ▁Medal ▁of ▁the ▁City ▁of ▁King ston ▁and ▁a ▁c itation ▁by ▁Mayor ▁Angela ▁Brown ▁Bur ke . ▁ ▁On ▁February ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁she ▁performed ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 1 st ▁annual ▁ 9 ▁M ile ▁Music ▁Festival ▁in ▁Miami , ▁Florida ▁alongside ▁La ur yn ▁Hill , ▁Stephen ▁Mar ley , ▁Dam ian ▁Mar ley , ▁Julian ▁Mar ley , ▁Sean ▁Paul , ▁Sh ag gy ,
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▁M av ado , ▁and ▁many ▁others . ▁ ▁On ▁February ▁ 2 5 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁she ▁performed ▁in ▁Tr in idad ▁along ▁with ▁K es ▁The ▁Band ▁at ▁the ▁" T ues days ▁On ▁The ▁Rock " ▁concert . ▁ ▁She ▁performed ▁at ▁the ▁White ▁House ▁on ▁March ▁ 6 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁for ▁President ▁Bar ack ▁Obama ▁and ▁First ▁Lady ▁Michelle ▁Obama ' s ▁" In ▁Performance ▁at ▁the ▁White ▁House " ▁series , ▁with ▁other ▁acts ▁including ▁Mel issa ▁E ther idge , ▁Are tha ▁Franklin , ▁Ari ana ▁Grande , ▁P atti ▁La B elle , ▁Jan elle ▁Mon á e , ▁ ▁and ▁J ill ▁Scott ▁with ▁Greg ▁Ph illing anes ▁as ▁the ▁music ▁director , ▁for ▁a ▁concert ▁celebr ating ▁women ▁of ▁soul , ▁dub bed ▁" W omen ▁of ▁Soul : ▁In ▁Performance ▁at ▁The ▁White ▁House ." ▁There , ▁she ▁sang ▁Don na ▁Summer ' s ▁" Last ▁Dance " ▁then ▁later ▁joined ▁J ill ▁Scott , ▁Mel issa ▁E ther idge , ▁P atti ▁La B elle , ▁Jan elle ▁Mon á e , ▁and ▁Ari ana ▁Grande ▁for ▁a ▁t ribute ▁to ▁T ina ▁Turner , ▁performing ▁her ▁classic ▁rend ition ▁of ▁" P roud ▁Mary ." ▁The ▁event ▁was ▁broadcast ▁on ▁P BS ▁on ▁April ▁ 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁ ▁Ch in ▁was ▁hon ored ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁the ▁West ▁Ind ies ▁Fifth ▁Annual ▁Toronto ▁Benef it
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▁G ala ▁at ▁the ▁R itz ▁Carl ton ▁hotel ▁on ▁March ▁ 2 9 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁where ▁she ▁was ▁given ▁a ▁L um inary ▁Award ▁alongside ▁her ▁long - time ▁ment or , ▁reg ga e ▁legend ▁Jimmy ▁Cl iff . ▁That ▁night , ▁Toronto ▁phil anth rop ists ▁Michael ▁Lee - Ch in ▁and ▁Raymond ▁Ch ang ▁engaged ▁in ▁an ▁imp rom pt u ▁b idding ▁war ▁to ▁persu ade ▁Ch in ▁to ▁sing ▁her ▁first ▁song ▁on ▁Canadian ▁soil . ▁In ▁the ▁end , ▁Mr . ▁Lee - Ch in ▁to pped ▁the ▁b idding ▁with ▁$ 4 0 , 0 0 0 ▁and ▁requested ▁Ch in ▁perform ▁three ▁songs . ▁Pro ceed s ▁of ▁the ▁b idding ▁went ▁to ▁scholar ships ▁for ▁the ▁Caribbean - based ▁university ▁system . ▁ ▁She ▁performed ▁at ▁the ▁Dig ic el ▁Barb ados ▁Reg ga e ▁Festival ▁on ▁April ▁ 2 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁in ▁Barb ados . ▁ ▁She ▁performed ▁at ▁the ▁McDonald ' s ▁Global ▁owners ▁concert ▁held ▁in ▁Or lando , ▁Florida ▁on ▁May ▁ 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁There , ▁she ▁performed ▁the ▁Whit ney ▁Houston ▁rend ition ▁of ▁" I ▁Will ▁Always ▁Love ▁You ," ▁and ▁" I ▁Have ▁Nothing " ▁accompanied ▁by ▁David ▁Foster ▁on ▁the ▁piano . ▁She ▁also ▁joined ▁Ne - Y o ▁in ▁performing ▁his ▁song ▁" In cred ible ." ▁Other ▁acts ▁of ▁the ▁concert ▁included ▁her ▁former ▁coach ▁of ▁The
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▁Voice ▁Adam ▁Lev ine ▁and ▁St ing . ▁ ▁She ▁performed ▁at ▁the ▁N aut ical ▁Music ▁Festival ▁in ▁Ant igua ▁at ▁the ▁closing ▁of ▁Ant igua ▁S ailing ▁Week ▁on ▁May ▁ 3 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁alongside ▁Christopher ▁Martin ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁legendary ▁reg ga e ▁artist ▁Bar ring ton ▁Lev y , ▁amongst ▁many ▁others . ▁ ▁She ▁performed ▁for ▁Roma ▁Dow ney ▁and ▁her ▁husband ▁Mark ▁Burn ett ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁Entertainment ▁Industry ▁D inner ▁in ▁honor ▁for ▁their ▁vision , ▁leadership , ▁accomplish ments ▁and ▁contributions ▁to ▁the ▁entertainment ▁community ▁on ▁May ▁ 8 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁alongside ▁g ospel / pop ▁group ▁R AI SE ▁and ▁vocal ▁super ▁group ▁The ▁Ten ors ▁at ▁the ▁Bever ly ▁H ilton ▁Hotel ▁in ▁Bever ly ▁Hills . ▁ ▁On ▁May ▁ 1 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁she ▁performed ▁at ▁the ▁Sony ▁Centre ▁for ▁the ▁Per forming ▁Arts ▁in ▁Toronto , ▁Ontario , ▁Canada . ▁There , ▁she ▁performed ▁a ▁med ley ▁of ▁songs ▁from ▁" In ▁Between ▁W ords ," ▁songs ▁she ▁performed ▁on ▁The ▁Voice , ▁and ▁her ▁two ▁singles ▁" T umbling ▁Down ▁and ▁" Every thing ▁Rem ind s ▁Me ▁of ▁You " ▁from ▁her ▁album ▁" Count ▁On ▁My ▁Love ." ▁Gu est ▁perform ers ▁at ▁the ▁concert ▁were ▁vocal ▁super ▁group ▁The ▁Ten ors , ▁with ▁whom ▁she ▁did ▁a ▁cover ▁of ▁" H allel uj ah " ▁with ▁ ▁She
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▁performed ▁at ▁the ▁first ▁Or ac ab essa ▁Festival , ▁" A ▁Cele br ation ▁Of ▁Caribbean ▁Culture " ▁on ▁Monday , ▁May ▁ 2 6 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁alongside ▁Be en ie ▁Man , ▁K ons hens , ▁and ▁Ass ass in / Agent ▁S as co . ▁The ▁event ▁was ▁held ▁at ▁Roy ▁Wil kins ▁Park ▁in ▁Queens , ▁New ▁York . ▁ ▁T ess anne ▁head lined ▁" The ▁Voice ▁Summer ▁Tour ▁ 2 0 1 4 " ▁which ▁began ▁on ▁June ▁ 2 1 ▁in ▁San ▁Antonio , ▁Texas ▁and ▁concluded ▁in ▁Red mond , ▁Washington ▁on ▁August ▁ 2 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁She ▁was ▁joined ▁by ▁Season ▁ 5 ▁runner - up ▁Jac qu ie ▁Lee ▁and ▁third ▁place ▁final ist ▁Will ▁Ch am pl in , ▁along ▁with ▁Season ▁ 1 ▁runner - up ▁D ia ▁Fr ampton ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁winner ▁of ▁Season ▁ 6 ▁of ▁The ▁Voice , ▁Josh ▁K auf man ▁and ▁other ▁final ists ▁of ▁Season ▁ 6 . ▁" The ▁Voice ▁Summer ▁Tour ▁ 2 0 1 4 " ▁is ▁sponsored ▁by ▁sh amp oo ▁brand ▁Clear ▁Scal p ▁& ▁Hair . ▁Two ▁promot ional ▁ads ▁featuring ▁Ch in ▁have ▁been ▁released ▁for ▁the ▁campaign , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁an ▁instruction al ▁video . ▁ ▁She ▁sang ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁St . ▁Luc ia ▁Jazz ▁and ▁Arts ▁Festival ▁on ▁Sunday , ▁May ▁ 1 1 , ▁ 2 0
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1 4 , ▁performing ▁alongside ▁reg ga e ▁legend ▁Bar ring ton ▁Lev y , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁Al ison ▁Hind s , ▁Com mod ores , ▁El vis ▁C res po , ▁K EM , ▁Max well , ▁Mont y ▁Alexander , ▁O mar ▁S osa , ▁P ▁Square , ▁Ted d ys on ▁John , ▁Altern ative ▁Qu art et , ▁Blue ▁M ang ó ▁and ▁Gram my ▁and ▁Tony ▁Award - winning ▁De e ▁De e ▁Bridge water . ▁ ▁She ▁performed ▁at ▁Reg ga e ▁Sum f est ▁in ▁Jama ica ▁on ▁July ▁ 1 9 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁alongside ▁W iz ▁K hal ifa , ▁Jason ▁Der ulo , ▁Future , ▁Be en ie ▁Man , ▁Sean ▁Paul , ▁Jah ▁C ure , ▁Chron ix x , ▁and ▁Fred die ▁McG reg or . ▁This ▁marks ▁Ch in ' s ▁third ▁performance ▁at ▁the ▁festival . ▁ ▁T ess anne ▁released ▁her ▁major ▁label ▁debut ▁album , ▁Count ▁On ▁My ▁Love , ▁under ▁Republic ▁Records ▁on ▁July ▁ 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁During ▁the ▁con ception ▁of ▁the ▁album , ▁T ess anne ▁collabor ated ▁with ▁Dam ian ▁Mar ley ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁long time ▁ment or ▁Sh ag gy ; ▁however , ▁these ▁tracks ▁did ▁not ▁make ▁the ▁album . ▁The ▁possibility ▁of ▁a ▁collaboration ▁with ▁Ne - Y o ▁was ▁also ▁mentioned , ▁but ▁ultimately ▁did ▁not ▁come ▁into ▁fru ition . ▁She ▁expressed ▁a ▁desire ▁to ▁do ▁some
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▁of ▁the ▁album ' s ▁recording ▁in ▁Jama ica ▁at ▁Portland ' s ▁Ge e J am ▁recording ▁studio , ▁but ▁ultimately ▁recorded ▁the ▁album ▁throughout ▁various ▁stud ios ▁within ▁the ▁United ▁States . ▁ ▁Pro duc ers ▁for ▁the ▁album ▁are ▁Jerry ▁" W onda " ▁Du pless is , ▁St arg ate , ▁Sh ama ▁" S ak ▁P ase " ▁Joseph , ▁Mark ▁" Exit " ▁Good child , ▁Sha un ▁P izz onia ▁a ka ▁St ing ▁International , ▁Mad Men ▁Produ ctions , ▁M itch um ▁" K han " ▁Ch in , ▁and ▁Sup a ▁D ups . ▁With ▁song writ ers ▁being ▁Aut umn ▁R owe , ▁Rock ▁City ▁a ka ▁Plan et ▁VI , ▁Claude ▁Kelly , ▁AC ▁Bur rell , ▁Ryan ▁Ted der ▁of ▁One Rep ublic , ▁Lil ▁Eddie , ▁and ▁legendary ▁song writer ▁D iane ▁Warren . ▁T oby ▁G ad , ▁Chuck ▁Harm ony , ▁and ▁Johnny ▁Black ▁are ▁confirmed ▁for ▁the ▁album , ▁however ▁it ▁is ▁currently ▁unknown ▁whether ▁they ▁contributed ▁as ▁writers ▁or ▁producers . ▁Her ▁second ▁single , ▁titled ▁" Every thing ▁Rem ind s ▁Me ▁of ▁You " ▁written ▁by ▁Rock ▁City ▁a ka ▁Plan et ▁VI , ▁was ▁debut ed ▁during ▁the ▁Season ▁ 6 ▁sem if inal ▁round ▁of ▁The ▁Voice ▁with ▁a ▁live ▁performance . ▁ ▁T ess anne ▁co - w rote ▁five ▁songs : ▁" Every thing ▁Rem ind s ▁Me ▁of ▁You ", ▁" Count ▁On ▁My ▁Love ", ▁" Al
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ways ▁Tom orrow ", ▁" Lif eline " ▁and ▁" He aven ▁Know s ," ▁and ▁wrote ▁" One ▁Step ▁Cl oser ." ▁She ▁stated ▁in ▁an ▁interview ▁with ▁Direct ▁L yrics ▁that ▁she ' s ▁a ▁writer ▁as ▁much ▁as ▁she ' s ▁a ▁singer ▁and ▁thank ed ▁Rock ▁City , ▁Claude ▁Kelly ▁and ▁T oby ▁G ad ▁for ▁taking ▁that ▁into ▁account . ▁ ▁The ▁album ▁debut ed ▁at ▁forty - one ▁on ▁the ▁Bill board ▁ 2 0 0 ▁charts ▁and ▁at ▁twenty ▁on ▁the ▁Top ▁Digital ▁Albums ▁charts . ▁The ▁album ▁sold ▁ 7 , 0 0 0 ▁copies ▁in ▁its ▁first ▁week ▁according ▁to ▁Bill board . com , ▁making ▁it ▁the ▁lowest ▁first ▁week ▁sales ▁of ▁a ▁The ▁Voice ▁winner . ▁The ▁album ▁was ▁highly ▁critic ized ▁for ▁the ▁lack ▁of ▁promot ional ▁activities ▁it ▁received ▁from ▁Republic ▁Records ▁and ▁The ▁Voice . ▁▁ 2 0 1 5 : ▁Present ▁– ▁new ▁label ▁debut ▁ ▁T ess anne ▁shared ▁on ▁her ▁Facebook ▁page ▁that ▁she ▁planned ▁to ▁release ▁the ▁background ▁song ▁which ▁was ▁featured ▁in ▁her ▁clear ▁scal p ▁and ▁hair ▁commercial . ▁It ▁was ▁co - written ▁by ▁B ale wa ▁Muhammad ▁while ▁produced ▁and ▁released ▁by ▁J . U . S . T . I . C . E . ▁League . ▁" Fire " ▁is ▁the ▁first ▁official ▁single ▁released ▁on ▁the ▁newly ▁formed ▁Justice ▁League ▁Music ▁Group . ▁ ▁On ▁April ▁ 2 6 , ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁Ch in
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▁performed ▁at ▁the ▁ 4 2 nd ▁Day time ▁Em my ▁Awards ▁where ▁she ▁performed ▁the ▁musical ▁classic ▁" What ▁I ▁Did ▁for ▁Love ". ▁ ▁T ess anne ▁performed ▁at ▁the ▁National ▁Memorial ▁Day ▁Con cert ▁held ▁in ▁Washington , ▁D . C . ▁on ▁May ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁performing ▁alongside ▁Joe ▁Man te g na , ▁Gl oria ▁Est ef an , ▁Steph anie ▁Scott , ▁K atherine ▁Jen kins , ▁Russell ▁Watson ▁amongst ▁others ▁where ▁she ▁covered ▁Whit ney ▁Houston ' s ▁version ▁of ▁I ▁Will ▁Always ▁Love ▁You . ▁ ▁Ch in ▁is ▁in ▁the ▁process ▁of ▁releasing ▁a ▁new ▁album . ▁ ▁T ess anne ▁thus ▁has ▁far ▁collabor ated ▁with ▁American ▁rap per ▁T . I . ▁and ▁producer ▁Lil ' ▁C ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁Jama ican ▁song writer / v ocal ist ▁Ol af ▁Black wood ▁for ▁the ▁upcoming ▁album ▁which ▁remains ▁unt itled . ▁ ▁Art istry ▁ ▁In flu ences ▁Her ▁diverse ▁style ▁is ▁influenced ▁by ▁artists ▁from ▁a ▁wide ▁range ▁of ▁gen res ▁such ▁as ▁Andrea ▁B oc elli , ▁Are tha ▁Franklin , ▁Bar bra ▁Stre is and , ▁C é line ▁D ion , ▁Diana ▁King , ▁Em eli ▁Sand é , ▁Mah alia ▁Jackson , ▁Pat ▁Ben atar , ▁Bey on cé ▁Know les , ▁Pink , ▁and ▁T ina ▁Turner . ▁ ▁Phil anth ropy ▁T ess anne ▁co - head lined ▁Sh ag gy ' s ▁benefit ▁concert ▁Sh ag gy
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▁and ▁Friends , ▁along ▁with ▁notable ▁artists ▁such ▁as ▁Sh ag gy ▁himself , ▁Ne - Y o , ▁Sean ▁Paul , ▁Ele phant ▁Man , ▁Wayne ▁Marshall , ▁Ass ass in / Agent ▁S as co , ▁T arr us ▁R iley , ▁K ons hens , ▁I - Oct ane , ▁and ▁The ▁Voice ▁Season ▁ 5 ▁Top ▁ 6 ▁final ist ▁Matthew ▁Sch uler , ▁among ▁many ▁others . ▁Other ▁artists ▁such ▁as ▁Dam ian ▁Mar ley ▁and ▁Jah ▁C ure ▁made ▁guest ▁appearances . ▁All ▁proceed s ▁went ▁toward ▁the ▁B ust am ante ▁Hospital ▁for ▁Children ▁in ▁King ston . ▁ ▁T ess anne ▁performed ▁at ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁Annual ▁Building ▁Hope ▁G ala ▁Fund ra iser ▁and ▁Sil ent ▁Au ction ▁held ▁by ▁the ▁Food ▁for ▁the ▁Poor ▁Organ isation ▁based ▁in ▁Florida ▁on ▁Saturday , ▁February ▁ 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁There , ▁she ▁performed ▁her ▁single ▁" T umbling ▁Down " ▁to ▁encourage ▁att ende es ▁to ▁replace ▁poor ▁families ’ ▁dil ap id ated ▁h uts ▁in ▁G anth ier , ▁H ait i ▁with ▁safe , ▁permanent ▁houses . ▁ ▁T ess anne ▁joined ▁the ▁L up us ▁Foundation ▁of ▁America ▁and ▁performed ▁at ▁their ▁annual ▁event ▁in ▁Washington ▁on ▁May ▁ 2 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁The ▁concert ▁celebrated ▁Senator ▁Tom ▁H ark in ▁of ▁Iowa ▁for ▁his ▁public ▁service , ▁extraordinary ▁leadership ▁and ▁contributions ▁to ▁the ▁advance ment ▁of ▁science ▁and
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▁medicine ▁in ▁supporting ▁Americans ▁with ▁dis abilities ▁and ▁chronic ▁diseases , ▁such ▁as ▁l up us . ▁ ▁She ▁made ▁a ▁performance ▁at ▁the ▁J DR F ▁" To ast ▁to ▁Tom orrow " ▁charity ▁G ala ▁where ▁they ▁had ▁an ▁auction ▁on ▁several ▁items ▁to ▁raise ▁funds ▁for ▁the ▁Ju ven ile ▁Di ab etes ▁Research ▁Foundation . ▁The ▁event ▁was ▁held ▁on ▁October ▁ 1 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁in ▁Min ne apolis ▁Mar ri ott ▁City ▁Center , ▁Min ne apolis ▁ ▁She ▁made ▁a ▁performance ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 4 th ▁annual ▁" Div as ▁Simply ▁Sing ing ". ▁Along side ▁L ore tta ▁Div ine , ▁Jen ifer ▁Lewis , ▁R ene é ▁Law less , ▁Paul a ▁J ai ▁Parker , ▁Lil ▁Mo , ▁Michelle ▁and ▁An ita ▁Wilson . ▁The ▁event ▁also ▁feature ▁four ▁male ▁vocal ist ▁J amar ▁Rogers , ▁Ken ny ▁L att imore , ▁Alex ▁New ell ▁and ▁Anthony ▁Wayne . ▁The ▁charity ▁is ▁dedicated ▁to ▁raise ▁funds , ▁awareness ▁and ▁er ase ▁st igma ▁associated ▁with ▁patients ▁who ▁have ▁contract ed ▁HIV / A IDS . ▁D ion ne ▁War wick ▁was ▁hon ored ▁at ▁the ▁event ▁by ▁Sher yl ▁Lee ▁and ▁friends ▁for ▁her ▁long time ▁commitment ▁of ▁HIV / A IDS ▁research ▁and ▁support . ▁ ▁In ▁efforts ▁to ▁spread ▁awareness ▁and ▁to ▁er ad icate ▁Pol io . ▁Pol io ▁Amb assador , ▁T ess anne ▁partner ed ▁with ▁Rot ary ▁International ▁on ▁" World ▁Pol
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io ▁Day " ▁in ▁which ▁she ▁made ▁a ▁performance ▁at ▁the ▁event ▁" World ▁Pol io ▁Day ▁and ▁a ▁live ▁global ▁update " ▁held ▁in ▁Chicago , ▁IL ▁on ▁October ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁ ▁Disc ography ▁ ▁Studio ▁albums ▁ ▁Singles ▁ ▁Re le ases ▁from ▁The ▁Voice ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁T ess anne ▁on ▁Twitter ▁▁▁ ▁| - ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 8 5 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁Jama ican ▁sing ers ▁Category : People ▁from ▁King ston , ▁Jama ica ▁Category : J ama ican ▁female ▁sing ers ▁Category : J ama ican ▁reg ga e ▁musicians ▁Category : Reg ga e ▁fusion ▁artists ▁Category : The ▁Voice ▁( fr anch ise ) ▁winners ▁Category : J ama ican ▁people ▁of ▁Chinese ▁descent ▁Category : J ama ican ▁people ▁of ▁English ▁descent ▁Category : The ▁Voice ▁( fr anch ise ) ▁contest ants ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁women ▁sing ers <0x0A> </s> ▁Perry sburg ▁may ▁refer ▁to ▁some ▁places ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States : ▁ ▁Perry sburg , ▁Indiana ▁Perry sburg , ▁Ohio ▁Perry sburg ▁Township , ▁Wood ▁County , ▁Ohio ▁Perry sburg ▁( town ), ▁New ▁York ▁Perry sburg ▁( CD P ), ▁New ▁York ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Perry ▁( dis ambigu ation ) <0x0A> </s> ▁Ji ay uan li ▁Station ▁( ), ▁formerly ▁Gu oji uch ang ▁Station ▁( ), ▁is ▁a
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▁station ▁of ▁Line ▁ 1 ▁of ▁the ▁T ian j in ▁Metro . ▁It ▁started ▁operations ▁on ▁ 1 2 ▁June ▁ 2 0 0 6 . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : R ail way ▁stations ▁in ▁T ian j in ▁Category : R ail way ▁stations ▁opened ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁Category : T ian j in ▁Metro ▁stations <0x0A> </s> ▁D ival i ▁Nag ar ▁( City ▁of ▁L ights ) ▁is ▁an ▁annual ▁ex position ▁of ▁Hindu ▁culture ▁( broad ly ) ▁and ▁Ind o - Tr in idad ian ▁culture ▁( specific ally ), ▁it ▁is ▁associated ▁with ▁the ▁celebration ▁of ▁Di w ali ▁ ▁in ▁Tr in idad ▁and ▁Tob ago . ▁ ▁The ▁ex position ▁is ▁st aged ▁at ▁the ▁D ival i ▁Nag ar ▁Site , ▁located ▁in ▁the ▁b orough ▁of ▁Ch ag uan as . ▁This ▁event ▁was ▁started ▁in ▁the ▁Mid ▁Centre ▁Mall ▁car ▁park ▁in ▁late ▁ 1 9 8 6 . ▁It ▁was ▁given ▁a ▁permanent ▁site ▁on ▁the ▁John ▁Peters ▁Road ▁Extension ▁off ▁the ▁U ri ah ▁Butler ▁Highway ▁a ▁couple ▁of ▁years ▁after . ▁ ▁Although ▁organ ised ▁as ▁a ▁religious ▁and ▁cultural ▁presentation , ▁D ival i ▁Nag ar ▁has ▁been ▁critic ised ▁by ▁some ▁for ▁the ▁level ▁of ▁commercial ization ▁associated ▁with ▁the ▁ende av our . ▁Commercial ▁activity , ▁however , ▁partly ▁funds ▁the ▁Nag ar , ▁which ▁really ▁consum es ▁a ▁lot ▁of ▁resources . ▁Em phas is ▁must ▁be ▁placed ▁on
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▁the ▁several ▁cultural ▁and ▁religious ▁parts ▁of ▁the ▁programme ▁every ▁year ▁and ▁the ▁enormous ▁positive ▁impact ▁it ▁has ▁had ▁in ▁Tr in idad ▁and ▁the ▁Caribbean ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁di as por a ▁living ▁abroad . ▁Di w ali ▁Nag ar ▁is ▁the ▁most ▁significant ▁Indian ▁cultural ▁event ▁of ▁the ▁T & T ▁and ▁possibly ▁in ▁the ▁wider ▁Caribbean ▁and ▁North ▁America . ▁It ▁has ▁set ▁a ▁trend ▁in ▁that ▁now ▁South ▁Florida ▁and ▁other ▁places ▁have ▁Di w ali ▁Nag ars ▁of ▁their ▁own . ▁▁ ▁The ▁fest iv ities ▁usually ▁start ▁one ▁week ▁prior ▁to ▁the ▁annual ▁D ival i ▁day ▁holiday ▁and ▁fin ishes ▁the ▁night ▁before ▁D ival i . ▁The ▁Nag ar ▁ ▁cul min ates ▁with ▁extensive ▁fire works ▁show ▁on ▁the ▁final ▁night . ▁Di w ali ▁Nag ar ▁was ▁born ▁out ▁of ▁a ▁concept ▁en unci ated ▁by ▁Hans ▁H ano om ans ing h , ▁then ▁President ▁of ▁the ▁National ▁Council ▁of ▁Indian ▁Culture ▁and ▁was ▁organized ▁by ▁a ▁team ▁of ▁dedicated ▁individuals , ▁led ▁by ▁R amp ers ad ▁Par as ram , ▁first ▁chairman ▁of ▁Di w ali ▁Nag ar . ▁De ok in an an ▁Shar ma , ▁current ▁president ▁of ▁NC IC , ▁was ▁chairman ▁for ▁many ▁years ▁At ▁the ▁commence ment ▁of ▁D ival i ▁Nag ar ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁which ▁marked ▁its ▁ 2 5 th ▁anniversary , ▁pione ers ▁of ▁Di w ali ▁Nag ar ▁were ▁hon oured . ▁ ▁The ▁D ival
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i ▁Nag ar ▁site ▁is ▁util ised ▁during ▁the ▁year ▁for ▁educational ▁sem in ars , ▁Indian ▁Ar riv al ▁Day ▁fest iv ities , ▁char itable ▁events , ▁religious ▁fest iv ities ▁and ▁wedding ▁re ceptions . ▁The ▁site ▁is ▁also ▁used ▁for ▁trade ▁exhib itors ▁from ▁India ▁selling ▁religious ▁and ▁cultural ▁merch and ise . ▁ ▁Category : Ch ag uan as ▁Category : H ind u ism ▁in ▁Tr in idad ▁and ▁Tob ago ▁Category : Ind ian ▁di as por a ▁in ▁Tr in idad ▁and ▁Tob ago ▁Category : Tr in idad ▁and ▁Tob ago ▁culture <0x0A> </s> ▁Charles ▁Lewis ▁is ▁an ▁investig ative ▁journalist ▁based ▁in ▁Washington ▁D . C . ▁Lewis ▁founded ▁The ▁Center ▁for ▁Public ▁Integr ity ▁and ▁several ▁other ▁non profit ▁organizations ▁and ▁is ▁currently ▁the ▁executive ▁editor ▁of ▁the ▁Invest ig ative ▁Report ing ▁Work shop ▁at ▁the ▁American ▁University ▁School ▁of ▁Commun ication ▁in ▁D . C . ▁He ▁was ▁an ▁investig ative ▁producer ▁for ▁ABC ▁News ▁and ▁the ▁CBS ▁news ▁program ▁ 6 0 ▁Min utes . ▁He ▁left ▁ 6 0 ▁Min utes ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 9 ▁and ▁began ▁the ▁Center ▁for ▁Public ▁Integr ity , ▁a ▁non - part isan ▁group ▁which ▁reports ▁on ▁political ▁and ▁government ▁work ings , ▁from ▁his ▁home , ▁growing ▁it ▁to ▁a ▁full - time ▁staff ▁of ▁ 4 0 ▁people . ▁▁ ▁When ▁comment ing ▁on ▁his ▁move ▁away ▁from ▁prime - time ▁journal ism , ▁Lewis ▁expressed ▁his ▁frustration
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▁that ▁the ▁most ▁important ▁issues ▁of ▁the ▁day ▁were ▁not ▁being ▁reported . ▁ ▁Lewis ▁has ▁given ▁interviews ▁for ▁various ▁publications ▁and ▁appeared ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁documentary ▁Or well ▁Roll s ▁in ▁His ▁Gr ave ▁and ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁documentary ▁Why ▁We ▁Fight ▁and ▁others . ▁He ▁has ▁discussed ▁the ▁difficulties ▁facing ▁media ▁in ▁trying ▁keeping ▁the ▁public ▁informed ▁when ▁television , ▁newspaper ▁and ▁radio ▁out lets ▁are ▁owned ▁almost ▁entirely ▁by ▁a ▁few ▁major ▁corporations ▁such ▁as ▁Com cast , ▁Disney , ▁and ▁Ru pert ▁Mur do ch ' s ▁News ▁Corporation . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁a ▁Ferr is ▁Professor ▁at ▁Pr inceton ▁University ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 5 , ▁a ▁Sh oren stein ▁Fellow ▁at ▁Harvard ▁University ▁in ▁the ▁spring ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁and ▁is ▁currently ▁a ▁ten ured ▁professor ▁of ▁journal ism ▁at ▁American ▁University ▁in ▁Washington , ▁D . C . ▁ ▁Lewis ' ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁book ▁is ▁ 9 3 5 ▁L ies : ▁The ▁Future ▁of ▁Truth ▁and ▁the ▁Decl ine ▁of ▁America ’ s ▁Mor al ▁Integr ity ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁awarded ▁the ▁I . F . ▁Stone ▁Medal ▁for ▁Journal istic ▁Independ ence ▁by ▁Harvard ' s ▁N iem an ▁Foundation ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 8 . ▁ ▁Center ▁for ▁Public ▁Integr ity ▁C PI ▁published ▁roughly ▁ 3 0 0 ▁investig ative ▁reports , ▁including ▁ 1 4 ▁books , ▁( including ▁The ▁Bu ying ▁of ▁the ▁President
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▁ 2 0 0 4 , ▁Lewis ' s ▁fifth ▁and ▁last ▁co - auth ored ▁book ▁with ▁the ▁Center ▁and ▁a ▁New ▁York ▁Times ▁best s eller ) ▁from ▁ 1 9 8 9 ▁through ▁ 2 0 0 4 , ▁and ▁was ▁hon ored ▁more ▁than ▁ 3 0 ▁times ▁by ▁national ▁journal ism ▁associations . ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 6 , ▁the ▁New ▁York er ▁called ▁C PI ▁" the ▁center ▁for ▁campaign ▁sc o ops ." ▁That ▁year ▁Lewis ▁and ▁the ▁Center ▁published ▁Fat ▁Cat ▁Hotel , ▁a ▁report ▁which ▁first ▁revealed ▁that ▁the ▁Clinton ▁administration ▁had ▁been ▁reward ing ▁major ▁don ors ▁with ▁White ▁House ▁stays ▁in ▁the ▁" Lin coln ▁Bed room ." ▁Week s ▁before ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁invasion ▁of ▁Iraq , ▁the ▁Center ▁posted ▁secret ▁draft ▁Patri ot ▁Act ▁II ▁legislation , ▁and ▁in ▁October ▁posted ▁all ▁of ▁the ▁known ▁U . S . ▁contracts ▁in ▁Iraq ▁and ▁Afghanistan . ▁The ▁report , ▁Wind falls ▁of ▁War ▁first ▁identified ▁that ▁Hall ib ur ton ▁had ▁received ▁the ▁most ▁money ▁from ▁those ▁contracts , ▁and ▁won ▁the ▁first ▁George ▁Pol k ▁Award . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁Lewis ▁created , ▁directed ▁and ▁co - auth ored ▁" The ▁Iraq ▁War ▁Card ," ▁a ▁ 3 8 0 , 0 0 0 - word ▁chron ology ▁and ▁analysis ▁of ▁the ▁pre - war ▁public ▁rhet oric ▁by ▁leading ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁Bush ▁administration , ▁which ▁identified ▁ 9 3 5
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▁" false ▁statements " ▁about ▁the ▁national ▁security ▁threat ▁pos ed ▁by ▁S add am ▁Hus se in ' s ▁Iraq . ▁ ▁International ▁Cons ort ium ▁of ▁Invest ig ative ▁Journal ists ▁Since ▁ 1 9 9 2 , ▁Lewis ▁has ▁traveled ▁and ▁spoken ▁publicly ▁in ▁ 2 5 ▁countries . ▁In ▁late ▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁he ▁began ▁the ▁Center ▁for ▁Public ▁Integr ity ' s ▁International ▁Cons ort ium ▁of ▁Invest ig ative ▁Journal ists , ▁the ▁world ' s ▁first ▁working ▁network ▁of ▁ 1 0 0 ▁reporters ▁in ▁ 5 0 ▁countries ▁( by ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁ 1 7 5 ▁reporters ▁in ▁over ▁ 6 0 ▁countries ), ▁producing ▁content ▁across ▁borders , ▁which ▁made ▁the ▁Center ' s ▁website ▁the ▁" first ▁global ▁website ▁devoted ▁to ▁international ▁expos és ," ▁according ▁to ▁The ▁En cycl op edia ▁of ▁Journal ism . ▁ ▁The ▁Fund ▁for ▁Independ ence ▁in ▁Journal ism ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁Lewis ▁was ▁the ▁founding ▁president ▁of ▁the ▁Fund ▁for ▁Independ ence ▁in ▁Journal ism , ▁a ▁ 5 0 9 ▁( a )( 3 ) ▁non profit , ▁tax ▁ex empt ▁organization ▁created ▁to ▁foster ▁independent , ▁high ▁quality , ▁public ▁service ▁journal ism ▁primarily ▁by ▁providing ▁legal ▁defense ▁and ▁end ow ment ▁support ▁to ▁the ▁Center ▁for ▁Public ▁Integr ity . ▁He ▁resigned ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁and ▁the ▁organization ▁went ▁dorm ant , ▁all ▁of ▁its ▁assets ▁given
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▁to ▁the ▁Center ▁for ▁Public ▁Integr ity . ▁ ▁Global ▁Integr ity ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 9 , ▁Lewis ▁con ceived ▁the ▁idea ▁and ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁co - found ed ▁Global ▁Integr ity , ▁an ▁independent , ▁non profit ▁organization ▁utilizing ▁journalists ▁and ▁social ▁scientists ▁to ▁track ▁govern ance ▁and ▁corruption ▁trends ▁around ▁the ▁world . ▁ ▁Invest ig ative ▁Report ing ▁Work shop ▁In ▁the ▁spring ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁Lewis , ▁along ▁with ▁fellow ▁American ▁University ▁professor ▁Wend ell ▁Co ch ran , ▁founded ▁the ▁Invest ig ative ▁Report ing ▁Work shop , ▁a ▁project ▁of ▁American ▁University ▁School ▁of ▁Commun ication . ▁ ▁A ▁professional ▁journal ism ▁center , ▁the ▁workshop ▁conduct s ▁significant , ▁mult imedia ▁investig ative ▁journal ism ▁projects ▁on ▁a ▁national ▁and ▁international ▁scale ▁and ▁has ▁collabor ated ▁with ▁many ▁major ▁media ▁out lets , ▁such ▁as ▁Front line , ▁The ▁New ▁York ▁Times , ▁The ▁Washington ▁Post , ▁The ▁Philadelphia ▁In quir er , ▁NBC ▁News , ▁ABC ▁News , ▁BBC ▁America ▁and ▁Mc Cl atch y ▁New sp apers . ▁Lewis ▁is ▁executive ▁editor ▁of ▁the ▁workshop . ▁ ▁Invest ig ative ▁News ▁Network ▁In ▁July ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁Lewis ▁co - found ed ▁the ▁Invest ig ative ▁News ▁Network , ▁a ▁non profit ▁cons ort ium ▁of ▁over ▁ 9 0 ▁non profit , ▁non - part isan ▁news rooms ▁around ▁the ▁country ▁dedicated ▁to ▁investig ative ▁and ▁public - service ▁journal
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ism . ▁ ▁Media ▁appearances ▁Lewis ▁has ▁been ▁interviewed ▁in ▁numerous ▁major ▁newspapers ▁and ▁he ▁has ▁appeared ▁on ▁NBC ’ s ▁The ▁Today ▁Show ▁and ▁Night ly ▁News ; ▁ABC ' s ▁World ▁News ▁Ton ight , ▁Good ▁Morning ▁America , ▁ 2 0 / 2 0 ▁and ▁Night line ; ▁CBS ' ▁ 6 0 ▁Min utes , ▁Even ing ▁News ▁and ▁Morning ▁News ; ▁CNN ; ▁C - SP AN ; ▁The ▁Daily ▁Show ; ▁and ▁numerous ▁other ▁TV ▁and ▁radio ▁programs . ▁ ▁Awards ▁Lewis ▁was ▁awarded ▁a ▁Mac Ar thur ▁Fellow ship ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 8 . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 4 , ▁P EN ▁USA , ▁a ▁literary ▁organization , ▁awarded ▁its ▁First ▁Am endment ▁Award ▁to ▁him ," for ▁expanding ▁the ▁reach ▁of ▁investig ative ▁journal ism , ▁for ▁his ▁courage ▁in ▁going ▁after ▁a ▁story ▁regardless ▁of ▁whose ▁toes ▁he ▁steps ▁on , ▁and ▁for ▁bold ly ▁exerc ising ▁his ▁freedom ▁of ▁speech ▁and ▁freedom ▁of ▁the ▁press ." ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁The ▁En cycl op edia ▁of ▁Journal ism ▁cited ▁Lewis ▁as ▁" one ▁of ▁the ▁ 3 0 ▁most ▁notable ▁investig ative ▁reporters ▁in ▁the ▁U . S . ▁since ▁World ▁War ▁I . ▁That ▁same ▁year , ▁he ▁was ▁given ▁an ▁honor ary ▁degree ▁by ▁his ▁al ma ▁mater ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Del aware . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Missouri ▁awarded ▁him ▁its ▁Honor ▁Medal ▁for ▁Dist ingu ished ▁Service
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▁in ▁Journal ism . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Charles ▁Lewis ▁home page ▁Charles ▁Lewis , ▁Found er ▁Bio ▁at ▁The ▁Center ▁for ▁Public ▁Integr ity ▁Charles ▁Lewis ▁Bio ▁at ▁Invest ig ative ▁Report ing ▁Work shop ▁Official ▁Website ▁of ▁Lewis ' ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁Book , ▁ 9 3 5 ▁L ies : ▁The ▁Future ▁Of ▁Truth ▁and ▁the ▁Decl ine ▁of ▁America ' s ▁Mor al ▁Integr ity ▁ ▁" How ▁we ▁hired ▁that ▁reporter " ▁Columbia ▁Journal ism ▁Review ▁" The ▁art , ▁science ▁and ▁mystery ▁of ▁non profit ▁news ▁assessment ,” ▁Invest ig ative ▁Report ing ▁Work shop ▁“ K och ▁millions ▁spread ▁influence ▁through ▁non prof its , ▁colleges ,” ▁Invest ig ative ▁Report ing ▁Work shop ▁ ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : 1 9 5 3 ▁birth s ▁Category : Mac Ar thur ▁F ell ows ▁Category : American ▁investig ative ▁journalists <0x0A> </s> ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁( ), ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁SN SD , ▁is ▁a ▁South ▁Korean ▁girl ▁group ▁formed ▁by ▁SM ▁Entertainment . ▁The ▁group ▁is ▁composed ▁of ▁eight ▁members : ▁Ta ey e on , ▁Sun ny , ▁T iff any , ▁Hy oy e on , ▁Y uri , ▁So oy ou ng , ▁Y o ona , ▁and ▁Se oh y un . ▁Origin ally ▁a ▁nine - piece ▁group , ▁Jessica ▁depart ed ▁from ▁the ▁group ▁in ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁One ▁of ▁the ▁prominent ▁figures ▁of ▁the ▁Korean ▁W
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ave , ▁the ▁group ▁has ▁earned ▁numerous ▁acc ol ades ▁and ▁the ▁honor ific ▁nick name ▁" The ▁Nation ' s ▁Girl ▁Group " ▁in ▁their ▁home ▁country . ▁ ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁debut ed ▁in ▁August ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁with ▁their ▁e pon ym ous ▁Korean ▁album ▁and ▁the ▁single ▁" Into ▁the ▁New ▁World ". ▁The ▁group ▁rose ▁to ▁fame ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁with ▁the ▁single ▁" G ee ", ▁which ▁claimed ▁the ▁top ▁spot ▁on ▁K BS ' s ▁Music ▁Bank ▁for ▁a ▁record - breaking ▁nine ▁consecutive ▁weeks ▁and ▁was ▁Mel on ' s ▁most ▁popular ▁song ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 0 s ▁decade . ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁consolid ated ▁their ▁popularity ▁in ▁South ▁Korea ▁with ▁follow - up ▁singles ▁" Gen ie ", ▁" Oh ! ", ▁and ▁" Run ▁Dev il ▁Run ", ▁which ▁were ▁released ▁between ▁mid - 2 0 0 9 ▁and ▁early ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁Their ▁second ▁Korean ▁studio ▁album , ▁Oh ! ▁( 2 0 1 0 ), ▁won ▁the ▁Golden ▁Disc ▁award ▁for ▁Album ▁of ▁the ▁Year , ▁making ▁the ▁group ▁the ▁only ▁female ▁act ▁to ▁win ▁the ▁grand ▁prize ▁so ▁far . ▁ ▁The ▁group ▁vent ured ▁into ▁the ▁Japanese ▁music ▁scene ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁with ▁their ▁e pon ym ous ▁Japanese ▁album , ▁which ▁became ▁the ▁first ▁album ▁by ▁a ▁non - J apan ese ▁girl ▁group ▁to ▁be ▁certified ▁million ▁by ▁the ▁R IA J .
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▁The ▁group ' s ▁third ▁Korean ▁studio ▁album , ▁The ▁Boys , ▁was ▁the ▁best - selling ▁album ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁in ▁South ▁Korea . ▁An ▁English ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁single ▁" The ▁Boys " ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁an ▁attempt ▁to ▁expand ▁the ▁group ' s ▁ende avor ▁to ▁the ▁global ▁music ▁scene . ▁The ▁group ' s ▁fourth ▁Korean ▁studio ▁album , ▁I ▁Got ▁a ▁Boy ▁( 2 0 1 3 ), ▁was ▁supported ▁by ▁the ▁title ▁track , ▁which ▁won ▁Video ▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁at ▁the ▁inaug ural ▁YouTube ▁Music ▁Awards . ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁released ▁their ▁fifth ▁Korean ▁studio ▁album , ▁Lion ▁Heart ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁followed ▁by ▁Hol iday ▁Night ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 7 . ▁ ▁The ▁group ' s ▁signature ▁musical ▁styles ▁are ▁characterized ▁as ▁elect rop op ▁and ▁bubble g um ▁pop , ▁though ▁their ▁sounds ▁have ▁varied ▁widely , ▁incorpor ating ▁various ▁gen res ▁including ▁hip ▁hop , ▁R & B , ▁and ▁E DM . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁Bill board ▁hon oured ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁as ▁the ▁" Top ▁K - pop ▁Girl ▁Group ▁of ▁the ▁Past ▁Dec ade ". ▁They ▁are ▁the ▁first ▁Asian ▁girl ▁group ▁to ▁achieve ▁five ▁music ▁videos ▁with ▁over ▁ 1 0 0 ▁million ▁views ▁on ▁YouTube ▁with ▁" G ee ", ▁" I ▁Got ▁a ▁Boy ", ▁" The ▁Boys ", ▁" Mr . ▁Tax i ", ▁and ▁" Oh ! ". ▁In ▁Japan , ▁they
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▁became ▁the ▁first ▁non - J apan ese ▁girl ▁group ▁to ▁have ▁three ▁number - one ▁albums ▁on ▁the ▁O ric on ▁Albums ▁Chart ▁with ▁their ▁e pon ym ous ▁album , ▁Love ▁& ▁Peace , ▁and ▁The ▁Best , ▁and ▁their ▁three ▁Japanese ▁concert ▁tours ▁attracted ▁a ▁record - breaking ▁ 5 5 0 , 0 0 0 ▁spect ators . ▁ ▁Name ▁The ▁group ' s ▁Korean ▁name ▁is ▁So - ny uh ▁Sh i - da e ▁( , ▁R R : ▁Sony e o ▁S idae ), ▁from ▁the ▁S ino - K ore an ▁root ▁meaning ▁" Generation ▁of ▁Girls "; ▁they ▁are ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁So Sh i ▁( K ore an : ▁) ▁or ▁SN SD , ▁both ▁of ▁which ▁are ▁ab bre vi ated ▁forms ▁of ▁the ▁group ' s ▁Korean - language ▁name . ▁Because ▁their ▁name ▁consists ▁of ▁Chinese ▁roots , ▁the ▁group ' s ▁name ▁is ▁similar ▁in ▁Chinese ▁and ▁Japanese : ▁in ▁Japan ▁the ▁group ' s ▁name ▁is ▁pronounced ▁as ▁Sh ō jo ▁J id ai ▁( J apan ese : ▁ 少 女 時 代 ), ▁and ▁in ▁Mand arin ▁Chinese ▁as ▁Sh à on <0xC7> <0x9A> ▁Sh íd à i ▁( Ch inese : ▁ 少 女 時 代 / 少 女 时 代 ). ▁ ▁History ▁▁ 2 0 0 0 – 2 0 0 8 : ▁Form ation ▁and ▁debut ▁Prior ▁to ▁the ▁group ' s ▁debut , ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁members ▁were ▁already ▁involved ▁in
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▁the ▁entertainment ▁industry . ▁Y o ona ▁had ▁gone ▁through ▁about ▁ 2 0 0 ▁aud itions ▁for ▁music ▁videos , ▁dram as , ▁and ▁movies ▁before ▁becoming ▁a ▁singer ▁for ▁Girls ' ▁Generation . ▁So oy ou ng ▁was ▁exposed ▁to ▁the ▁Japanese ▁music ▁scene ▁as ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁a ▁pop ▁du o ▁named ▁Route ▁ θ , ▁which ▁dis band ed ▁one ▁year ▁after ▁its ▁debut ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 2 . ▁ ▁The ▁first ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁group ▁to ▁join ▁SM ▁Entertainment ' s ▁training ▁system ▁was ▁Jessica ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 , ▁after ▁she ▁and ▁her ▁sister , ▁K ry stal ▁Jung , ▁were ▁sc out ed ▁in ▁a ▁m all ▁in ▁South ▁Korea ▁during ▁a ▁family ▁vacation . ▁That ▁same ▁year , ▁members ▁So oy ou ng ▁and ▁Hy oy e on ▁were ▁cast ▁into ▁S . M .' s ▁training ▁system ▁through ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁S . M . ▁Open ▁Aud ition , ▁in ▁which ▁Hy oy e on ▁d anced ▁for ▁her ▁aud ition . ▁Y uri ▁was ▁the ▁next ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁member ▁to ▁become ▁an ▁S . M . ▁train ee ▁after ▁coming ▁second ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁S . M . ▁Youth ▁Best ▁D ancer ▁competition . ▁Y o ona ▁was ▁cast ▁the ▁following ▁year ▁through ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁S . M . ▁Saturday ▁Open ▁Cast ing ▁Aud ition , ▁where ▁she ▁sang ▁and ▁d anced ▁to ▁her ▁favorite ▁sing ers
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, ▁Bo A ▁and ▁Brit ney ▁Spe ars . ▁Se oh y un , ▁the ▁group ' s ▁youngest ▁member , ▁was ▁sc out ed ▁in ▁the ▁sub way ▁by ▁an ▁S . M . ▁sc out ; ▁she ▁then ▁aud ition ed ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁singing ▁children ' s ▁songs . ▁ ▁The ▁group ' s ▁leader , ▁Ta ey e on , ▁was ▁cast ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 4 ▁after ▁winning ▁first ▁place ▁in ▁the ▁S . M . ▁Youth ▁Sing ing ▁Compet ition . ▁That ▁same ▁year , ▁member ▁T iff any ▁aud ition ed ▁at ▁S . M .' s ▁St arl ight ▁Cast ing ▁System ▁in ▁Los ▁Angeles , ▁and ▁joined ▁the ▁company ▁in ▁October ▁ 2 0 0 4 . ▁The ▁final ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁group ▁to ▁be ▁added ▁was ▁Sun ny , ▁who ▁had ▁become ▁an ▁S . M . ▁train ee ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁and ▁trained ▁for ▁five ▁years ▁before ▁moving ▁to ▁another ▁company , ▁Star world . ▁At ▁Star world , ▁she ▁trained ▁to ▁debut ▁in ▁a ▁du o ▁named ▁Sugar , ▁which ▁never ▁debut ed . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁on ▁the ▁recommendation ▁of ▁Korean - J apan ese ▁singer ▁Icon i Q , ▁Sun ny ▁moved ▁back ▁to ▁S . M . ▁Entertainment ▁and ▁became ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁Girls ' ▁Generation . ▁ ▁In ▁July ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁had ▁their ▁first ▁stage ▁performance ▁on ▁M
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net ' s ▁School ▁of ▁Rock , ▁where ▁the ▁group ▁performed ▁their ▁first ▁single , ▁" Into ▁the ▁New ▁World " ▁( ). ▁On ▁August ▁ 5 , ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁the ▁group ▁officially ▁made ▁their ▁debut ▁on ▁S BS ' s ▁In k ig ay o , ▁where ▁they ▁performed ▁the ▁same ▁song . ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁subsequently ▁released ▁their ▁self - t itled ▁debut ▁studio ▁album ▁in ▁November ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁which ▁was ▁preced ed ▁by ▁the ▁singles ▁" G irl s ' ▁Generation " ▁() — a ▁rem ake ▁of ▁Lee ▁Se ung - che ol ' s ▁ 1 9 8 9 ▁song , ▁and ▁" K iss ing ▁You ". ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁became ▁the ▁tw elf th ▁best - selling ▁album ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁in ▁South ▁Korea , ▁selling ▁ 5 6 , 8 0 4 ▁copies . ▁The ▁album ▁has ▁sold ▁over ▁ 1 2 0 , 0 0 0 ▁copies ▁in ▁the ▁country ▁as ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁In ▁March ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁the ▁album ▁was ▁re - re leased ▁under ▁the ▁title ▁Baby ▁Baby . ▁The ▁album ▁was ▁preced ed ▁by ▁a ▁single ▁with ▁the ▁same ▁name , ▁which ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁digital ▁music ▁sites ▁on ▁March ▁ 1 7 , ▁ 2 0 0 8 . ▁▁ 2 0 0 9 – 2 0 1 0 : ▁Break through ▁and ▁Japanese ▁debut ▁Though ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁had ▁gained
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▁some ▁attention ▁with ▁their ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁debut ▁album , ▁it ▁was ▁not ▁until ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁that ▁the ▁group ▁rose ▁to ▁st ard om . ▁On ▁January ▁ 7 , ▁the ▁group ▁released ▁their ▁debut ▁extended ▁play ▁( EP ) ▁Ge e , ▁which ▁has ▁sold ▁over ▁ 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 ▁copies ▁in ▁South ▁Korea . ▁Its ▁title ▁track ▁claimed ▁the ▁number - one ▁position ▁on ▁K BS ' s ▁Music ▁Bank ▁for ▁a ▁record - breaking ▁nine ▁consecutive ▁weeks , ▁becoming ▁the ▁longest - running ▁number - one ▁song ▁on ▁Music ▁Bank ▁until ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁when ▁Psy ' s ▁" G ang nam ▁Style " ▁claimed ▁the ▁top ▁spot ▁for ▁ten ▁consecutive ▁weeks . ▁It ▁was ▁the ▁best - selling ▁single ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁in ▁South ▁Korea . ▁The ▁group ' s ▁second ▁EP , ▁Tell ▁Me ▁Your ▁W ish ▁( Gen ie ) ▁() ▁and ▁its ▁tit ular ▁lead ▁single ▁were ▁released ▁in ▁June ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁The ▁EP ▁sold ▁ 5 0 , 0 0 0 ▁copies ▁within ▁its ▁first ▁week ▁in ▁South ▁Korea , ▁and ▁chart ed ▁at ▁number ▁eight ▁on ▁the ▁Taiwan ese ▁G - Music ▁chart . ▁In ▁November ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁S . M . ▁Entertainment ▁announced ▁the ▁group ' s ▁first ▁concert ▁tour , ▁Into ▁The ▁New ▁World , ▁whose ▁tickets ▁for ▁the ▁South ▁Korean ▁shows ▁were ▁sold ▁out ▁in ▁three ▁minutes .
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▁The ▁tour ▁visited ▁Se oul ▁in ▁December ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁Shanghai ▁in ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁and ▁Tai pe i ▁in ▁October ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁ ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁second ▁studio ▁album , ▁Oh ! , ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁January ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁The ▁album ▁pe aked ▁at op ▁South ▁Korea ' s ▁Ga on ▁Album ▁Chart ▁and ▁has ▁sold ▁over ▁ 2 3 4 , 5 0 0 ▁copies ▁in ▁South ▁Korea ▁as ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁The ▁album ' s ▁title ▁track ▁pe aked ▁at op ▁South ▁Korea ' s ▁Ga on ▁Digital ▁Chart ▁and ▁was ▁the ▁second ▁best - selling ▁digital ▁single ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁in ▁the ▁country , ▁selling ▁over ▁ 3 . 3 ▁million ▁copies . ▁Oh ! ▁was ▁re - re leased ▁under ▁the ▁title ▁Run ▁Dev il ▁Run ▁in ▁March ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁which ▁also ▁reached ▁number ▁one ▁on ▁the ▁Ga on ▁Album ▁Chart . ▁Its ▁tit ular ▁single ▁reached ▁the ▁top ▁spot ▁on ▁the ▁Ga on ▁Digital ▁Chart . ▁Oh ! ▁and ▁Run ▁Dev il ▁Run ▁were ▁the ▁second ▁and ▁fourth ▁best - selling ▁albums ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁respectively . ▁ ▁In ▁mid - 2 0 1 0 , ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁signed ▁with ▁N ay ut aw ave ▁Records ▁( present - day ▁E MI ▁Records ▁Japan ), ▁a ▁division ▁of ▁Universal ▁Music ▁Japan , ▁to ▁venture
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▁out ▁to ▁the ▁Japanese ▁music ▁scene . ▁Their ▁debut ▁release ▁in ▁Japan ▁was ▁a ▁DVD ▁titled ▁New ▁Begin ning ▁of ▁Girls ' ▁Generation , ▁released ▁in ▁August ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁which ▁features ▁seven ▁of ▁the ▁group ' s ▁music ▁videos ▁and ▁a ▁special ▁bonus ▁footage . ▁The ▁DVD ▁debut ed ▁at ▁number ▁four ▁on ▁the ▁Japanese ▁O ric on ▁DVD ▁Chart ▁on ▁August ▁ 2 3 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁making ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁the ▁first ▁Korean ▁girl ▁group ▁to ▁earn ▁a ▁top - five ▁DVD ▁on ▁the ▁O ric on ▁chart . ▁It ▁was ▁certified ▁gold ▁by ▁the ▁Rec ording ▁Industry ▁Association ▁of ▁Japan ▁( R IA J ). ▁In ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁released ▁the ▁Japanese ▁version ▁of ▁" Gen ie " ▁as ▁their ▁debut ▁single ▁in ▁Japan . ▁It ▁pe aked ▁at ▁number ▁four ▁on ▁the ▁Japanese ▁O ric on ▁Singles ▁Chart ▁and ▁was ▁certified ▁pl atinum ▁by ▁the ▁R IA J . ▁The ▁following ▁month , ▁the ▁group ▁released ▁their ▁second ▁Japanese ▁single , ▁" G ee ", ▁which ▁reached ▁number ▁two ▁on ▁the ▁O ric on ▁Singles ▁Chart . ▁" G ee " ▁became ▁the ▁first ▁single ▁by ▁a ▁non - J apan ese ▁girl ▁group ▁to ▁enter ▁the ▁top ▁three ▁of ▁the ▁O ric on ▁chart ▁since ▁ 1 9 8 0 . ▁It ▁sold ▁ 2 0 7 , 0 0 0 ▁copies ▁and ▁achieved ▁a ▁million ▁certification ▁for ▁sales ▁of ▁one ▁million ▁units
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▁by ▁the ▁R IA J . ▁Am id st ▁their ▁Japanese ▁activities , ▁they ▁also ▁participated ▁in ▁the ▁S MT own ▁Live ▁' 1 0 ▁World ▁Tour ▁alongside ▁their ▁label mates , ▁which ▁started ▁on ▁August ▁ 2 1 ▁at ▁Se oul ▁J ams il ▁Olympic ▁Stadium . ▁ ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁third ▁Korean ▁EP ▁H oot ▁() ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁October ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁It ▁chart ed ▁at op ▁the ▁Ga on ▁Album ▁Chart ▁and ▁at ▁number ▁two ▁on ▁the ▁O ric on ▁Album ▁Chart , ▁and ▁became ▁the ▁third ▁best - selling ▁album ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁in ▁South ▁Korea . ▁The ▁title ▁track ▁debut ed ▁at op ▁the ▁Ga on ▁Digital ▁Chart . ▁At ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁and ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁Se oul ▁Music ▁Awards , ▁the ▁group ▁won ▁two ▁consecutive ▁Artist ▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁awards , ▁becoming ▁the ▁fourth ▁South ▁Korean ▁act ▁and ▁the ▁first ▁girl ▁group ▁to ▁do ▁so . ▁▁ 2 0 1 1 – 2 0 1 2 : ▁Japanese ▁success , ▁The ▁Boys , ▁and ▁international ▁expansion ▁ ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁continued ▁their ▁success ▁in ▁Japan ▁with ▁the ▁single ▁" Mr . ▁Tax i ▁/ ▁Run ▁Dev il ▁Run ", ▁released ▁in ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁The ▁single ▁pe aked ▁at ▁number ▁two ▁on ▁the ▁O ric on ▁Singles ▁Chart ▁and ▁as ▁of ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁was ▁certified ▁Mill ion ▁by ▁the ▁R IA J .
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▁After ▁releasing ▁three ▁singles ▁in ▁Japan , ▁their ▁debut ▁e pon ym ous ▁Japanese ▁studio ▁album ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁To ▁promote ▁the ▁album , ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁emb ark ed ▁on ▁The ▁ 1 st ▁Japan ▁Arena ▁Tour , ▁which ▁started ▁in ▁Os aka ▁on ▁May ▁ 3 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁The ▁album ▁was ▁met ▁with ▁tremendous ▁success ▁in ▁Japan , ▁pe aking ▁at op ▁the ▁Japanese ▁O ric on ▁Albums ▁Chart ▁and ▁becoming ▁the ▁first ▁album ▁by ▁a ▁foreign ▁girl ▁group ▁to ▁top ▁the ▁O ric on ▁chart . ▁Within ▁its ▁first ▁month ▁of ▁release , ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁sold ▁ 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 ▁copies ▁and ▁earned ▁a ▁double ▁pl atinum ▁certification ▁by ▁the ▁Rec ording ▁Industry ▁Association ▁of ▁Japan . ▁The ▁album ▁became ▁the ▁fifth ▁and ▁fif teenth ▁best - selling ▁album ▁in ▁Japan ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁respectively , ▁with ▁total ▁sales ▁figures ▁of ▁ 8 7 1 , 0 9 7 ▁copies . ▁A ▁rep ack aged ▁version ▁titled ▁The ▁Boys ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁and ▁pe aked ▁at ▁number ▁five ▁on ▁the ▁O ric on ▁Albums ▁Chart . ▁In ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁was ▁certified ▁million ▁by ▁the ▁R IA J , ▁den oting ▁ship ments ▁of ▁one ▁million ▁copies ▁in ▁the ▁country — it ▁became ▁the ▁first ▁album ▁by ▁a ▁South ▁Korean
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▁girl ▁group ▁and ▁the ▁second ▁by ▁a ▁South ▁Korean ▁act ▁to ▁earn ▁such ▁achievement . ▁The ▁album ▁won ▁the ▁award ▁for ▁Album ▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁M TV ▁Video ▁Music ▁Awards ▁Japan . ▁Following ▁their ▁successful ▁Japanese ▁debut , ▁the ▁group ▁was ▁regarded ▁as ▁the ▁most ▁popular ▁K - pop ▁girl ▁group ▁in ▁Japan ▁alongside ▁K ara , ▁which ▁also ▁earned ▁several ▁top ▁five ▁Japanese ▁singles ▁around ▁the ▁time . ▁ ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁third ▁Korean ▁studio ▁album , ▁The ▁Boys , ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁October ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁The ▁album ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁by ▁Inter scope ▁Records , ▁mark ing ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁debut ▁album ▁in ▁the ▁country . ▁To ▁help ▁The ▁Boys ▁connect ▁with ▁audiences ▁worldwide , ▁the ▁group ▁made ▁their ▁debut ▁on ▁US ▁television ▁upon ▁performing ▁on ▁Late ▁Show ▁with ▁David ▁Letter man ▁on ▁January ▁ 3 1 ▁and ▁Live ! ▁with ▁Kelly ▁on ▁February ▁ 1 . ▁They ▁also ▁performed ▁on ▁French ▁television ▁show ▁Le ▁Grand ▁Journal ▁on ▁February ▁ 9 . ▁The ▁Boys ▁was ▁commer c ially ▁successful ▁in ▁the ▁group ' s ▁home ▁country , ▁having ▁sold ▁over ▁ 4 6 0 , 0 0 0 ▁copies ▁and ▁becoming ▁the ▁highest - selling ▁album ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁The ▁lead ▁single , ▁" The ▁Boys ", ▁pe aked ▁at op ▁the ▁Ga on ▁Digital ▁Chart ▁and ▁sold ▁over ▁ 3 . 0 3 ▁million ▁copies ▁in ▁ 2
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0 1 1 . ▁The ▁group ' s ▁ende avor ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁mean while , ▁was ▁met ▁with ▁limited ▁success ; ▁The ▁Boys ▁entered ▁the ▁Bill board ▁Top ▁Heat seek ers ▁at ▁number ▁ 1 7 ▁and ▁sold ▁ 2 1 , 0 0 0 ▁copies . ▁ ▁In ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁released ▁their ▁fourth ▁Japanese ▁single , ▁" P ap ar az zi ", ▁which ▁reached ▁number ▁two ▁on ▁the ▁Japanese ▁O ric on ▁Singles ▁Chart ▁and ▁was ▁certified ▁Gold ▁by ▁the ▁R IA J . ▁According ▁to ▁Sound Scan ▁Japan , ▁the ▁single ▁sold ▁ 1 0 3 , 0 0 0 ▁copies ▁within ▁its ▁first ▁month ▁of ▁release . ▁Three ▁months ▁later , ▁the ▁group ▁released ▁their ▁fifth ▁Japanese ▁single ▁" Oh ! ", ▁which ▁was ▁their ▁first ▁number - one ▁single ▁on ▁the ▁O ric on ▁Singles ▁Chart , ▁and ▁achieved ▁a ▁gold ▁certification ▁by ▁the ▁R IA J . ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁released ▁their ▁second ▁Japanese ▁album , ▁Girls ▁& ▁Peace , ▁in ▁November , ▁which ▁sold ▁ 1 1 6 , 9 6 3 ▁copies ▁within ▁its ▁first ▁week ▁of ▁release ▁and ▁pe aked ▁at ▁number ▁two ▁on ▁the ▁O ric on ▁Albums ▁Chart . ▁It ▁was ▁subsequently ▁certified ▁pl atinum ▁by ▁the ▁R IA J ▁and ▁became ▁the ▁forty - first ▁best - selling ▁album ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁in ▁Japan ▁with ▁ 1 4 1 , 2 5 9 ▁copies ▁sold . ▁The
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▁album ▁was ▁further ▁preced ed ▁by ▁a ▁single ▁titled ▁" Fl ower ▁Power ". ▁▁ 2 0 1 2 – 2 0 1 4 : ▁I ▁Got ▁a ▁Boy , ▁worldwide ▁recognition , ▁and ▁Jessica ' s ▁departure ▁In ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁released ▁" D ancing ▁Queen "— a ▁rem ake ▁of ▁British ▁singer ▁D uffy ' s ▁" Mer cy " ▁( 2 0 0 8 ) — as ▁the ▁lead ▁single ▁from ▁their ▁then - up coming ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁Korean ▁studio ▁album . ▁On ▁New ▁Year ' s ▁Day ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁the ▁group ▁released ▁their ▁fourth ▁Korean ▁studio ▁album ▁titled ▁I ▁Got ▁a ▁Boy , ▁and ▁held ▁an ▁M BC ▁special ▁television ▁program , ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁Rom antic ▁Fant asy . ▁The ▁album ▁pe aked ▁at op ▁the ▁Ga on ▁Album ▁Chart ; ▁and ▁Bill boards ▁World ▁Albums ▁Chart . ▁The ▁title ▁track ▁reached ▁number ▁one ▁on ▁Bill boards ▁Korea ▁K - Pop ▁Hot ▁ 1 0 0 ▁and ▁the ▁Ga on ▁Digital ▁Chart , ▁and ▁sold ▁over ▁ 1 . 3 5 ▁million ▁copies . ▁Its ▁music ▁video ▁won ▁Video ▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁at ▁the ▁inaug ural ▁YouTube ▁Music ▁Awards ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁beating ▁other ▁popular ▁nom ine es ▁including ▁Psy ▁and ▁Justin ▁B ie ber . ▁This ▁attracted ▁attention ▁from ▁Western ▁media ▁out lets ▁as ▁the ▁group ▁was ▁considered ▁lesser - known ▁compared ▁to ▁other ▁candidates ▁at
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▁the ▁time . ▁ ▁In ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁emb ark ed ▁on ▁the ▁Girls ▁& ▁Peace : ▁ 2 nd ▁Japan ▁Tour , ▁which ▁started ▁in ▁K obe ▁on ▁February ▁ 9 . ▁The ▁accompanying ▁DVD ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁and ▁to pped ▁the ▁O ric on ▁DVD ▁Chart . ▁The ▁group ' s ▁first ▁world ▁tour , ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁World ▁Tour ▁Girls ▁& ▁Peace , ▁sp anned ▁from ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁to ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁and ▁consisted ▁of ▁ten ▁conc erts ▁in ▁seven ▁Asian ▁countries . ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁released ▁a ▁rem ix ▁album ▁titled ▁Best ▁Selection ▁Non ▁Stop ▁Mix ▁in ▁March , ▁and ▁a ▁live ▁album ▁titled ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁Tour ▁in ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁The ▁former ▁chart ed ▁at ▁number ▁six ▁on ▁the ▁O ric on ▁Albums ▁Chart , ▁while ▁the ▁latter ▁pe aked ▁at ▁number ▁one ▁on ▁the ▁Ga on ▁Album ▁Chart . ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁third ▁Japanese ▁studio ▁album , ▁Love ▁& ▁Peace , ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁The ▁album ▁debut ed ▁at ▁number ▁one ▁on ▁the ▁O ric on ▁Albums ▁Chart ▁and ▁was ▁certified ▁gold ▁by ▁the ▁R IA J . ▁The ▁album ▁spawn ed ▁two ▁singles : ▁" Love ▁& ▁Girls " ▁and ▁" G al axy ▁Super n ova ", ▁chart ing ▁at ▁numbers ▁four ▁and ▁three ▁on ▁the
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▁O ric on ▁Singles ▁Chart , ▁respectively . ▁ ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁fourth ▁Korean ▁EP , ▁Mr . Mr , ▁released ▁in ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁reached ▁number ▁one ▁in ▁South ▁Korea . ▁With ▁sales ▁of ▁over ▁ 1 6 3 , 0 0 0 ▁copies , ▁the ▁EP ▁was ▁the ▁ 5 th ▁highest - album ▁of ▁the ▁year ▁in ▁South ▁Korea . ▁In ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁the ▁EP ▁debut ed ▁at ▁number ▁ 1 1 0 ▁on ▁the ▁Bill board ▁ 2 0 0 ▁with ▁first - week ▁sales ▁of ▁ 3 , 0 0 0 ▁copies . ▁The ▁title ▁track ▁was ▁a ▁number - one ▁single ▁on ▁the ▁Ga on ▁Digital ▁Chart ▁and ▁sold ▁over ▁ 9 0 0 , 0 0 0 ▁units . ▁In ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁the ▁group ▁released ▁their ▁first ▁Japanese ▁greatest ▁hits ▁album , ▁The ▁Best , ▁which ▁is ▁composed ▁of ▁the ▁group ' s ▁previous ▁singles ▁and ▁four ▁new ▁tracks . ▁It ▁to pped ▁the ▁O ric on ▁Albums ▁Chart ▁for ▁two ▁consecutive ▁weeks ▁and ▁has ▁sold ▁over ▁ 1 7 5 , 0 0 0 ▁copies ▁in ▁Japan . ▁With ▁The ▁Best ▁reaching ▁number ▁one ▁in ▁Japan , ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁became ▁the ▁first ▁non - J apan ese ▁female ▁group ▁in ▁Asia ▁to ▁have ▁three ▁number - one ▁albums ▁in ▁the ▁country . ▁They ▁also ▁completed ▁their ▁third ▁concert ▁tour ▁in ▁Japan , ▁Love ▁& ▁Peace , ▁within ▁that ▁month . ▁The
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▁group ' s ▁three ▁Japanese ▁concert ▁tours ▁attracted ▁ 5 5 0 , 0 0 0 ▁spect ators ▁in ▁total , ▁setting ▁the ▁record ▁for ▁a ▁K - pop ▁girl ▁group . ▁ ▁On ▁September ▁ 2 9 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁member ▁Jessica ▁announced ▁that ▁she ▁had ▁been ▁dismissed ▁from ▁the ▁group . ▁SM ▁Entertainment ▁confirmed ▁this ▁and ▁stated ▁that ▁Jessica ▁was ▁no ▁longer ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁due ▁to ▁conflicts ▁between ▁her ▁and ▁the ▁group ' s ▁sched ules . ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁continued ▁to ▁promote ▁as ▁an ▁eight - member ▁group ▁there after . ▁The ▁remaining ▁eight ▁members ▁proceed ed ▁with ▁the ▁group ' s ▁activities , ▁holding ▁The ▁Best ▁Live ▁concert ▁at ▁Tokyo ▁D ome ▁on ▁December ▁ 9 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 . ▁The ▁concert ▁was ▁a ▁sell out ▁and ▁attracted ▁ 5 0 , 0 0 0 ▁spect ators . ▁The ▁recorded ▁show ▁was ▁released ▁as ▁a ▁DVD ▁in ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁which ▁to pped ▁both ▁O ric on ' s ▁DVD ▁and ▁Bl u - ray ▁charts ▁simultaneously . ▁▁ 2 0 1 5 – present : ▁Lion ▁Heart , ▁Hol iday ▁Night , ▁and ▁hi atus ▁ ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁first ▁release ▁as ▁an ▁eight - member ▁group ▁was ▁" C atch ▁Me ▁If ▁You ▁Can ", ▁released ▁in ▁March ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁It ▁was ▁recorded ▁in ▁both ▁Korean ▁and ▁Japanese ; ▁the ▁Korean ▁version ▁was ▁released ▁worldwide ▁on
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▁April ▁ 1 0 , ▁while ▁the ▁Japanese ▁version ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁April ▁ 2 2 , ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁It ▁pe aked ▁at ▁number ▁ 1 9 ▁in ▁South ▁Korea ▁and ▁number ▁eight ▁in ▁Japan . ▁ ▁The ▁group ' s ▁first ▁album ▁as ▁an ▁eight - member ▁group , ▁their ▁fifth ▁Korean ▁studio ▁album ▁Lion ▁Heart , ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁August ▁ 1 9 , ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁The ▁album ▁reached ▁number ▁one ▁in ▁South ▁Korea , ▁and ▁at ▁number ▁ 1 1 ▁in ▁Japan . ▁The ▁album ▁sold ▁over ▁ 1 4 5 , 0 0 0 ▁copies ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁It ▁produced ▁three ▁singles ; ▁the ▁lead ▁single ▁" Part y " ▁reached ▁number ▁one ▁on ▁the ▁Ga on ▁Digital ▁Chart , ▁and ▁number ▁ten ▁on ▁the ▁Japan ▁Hot ▁ 1 0 0 . ▁Following ▁the ▁release ▁of ▁" Part y ", ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁appeared ▁on ▁the ▁Bill board ▁Social ▁ 5 0 ▁at ▁number ▁ 4 4 ▁on ▁August ▁ 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁The ▁following ▁week , ▁the ▁group ' s ▁position ▁on ▁the ▁chart ▁rose ▁to ▁number ▁ 2 2 . ▁The ▁follow - up ▁singles ▁" L ion ▁Heart " ▁and ▁" You ▁Think " ▁were ▁made ▁available ▁in ▁conj unction ▁with ▁the ▁release ▁of ▁the ▁album . ▁They ▁chart ed ▁at ▁numbers ▁four ▁and ▁ 3 0 ▁on ▁the ▁Ga on ▁Digital ▁Chart , ▁respectively . ▁ ▁To ▁promote
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▁the ▁album , ▁the ▁group ▁star red ▁in ▁a ▁South ▁Korean ▁reality ▁television ▁program ▁titled ▁Channel ▁Girls ' ▁Generation . ▁They ▁emb ark ed ▁on ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁Ph ant asia , ▁a ▁concert ▁tour ▁which ▁started ▁on ▁November ▁ 2 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁in ▁Se oul . ▁With ▁this ▁achievement , ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁became ▁the ▁first ▁South ▁Korean ▁girl ▁group ▁to ▁hold ▁a ▁fourth ▁concert ▁tour . ▁The ▁group ▁also ▁con current ly ▁emb ark ed ▁on ▁their ▁ 4 th ▁Japan ▁Tour , ▁which ▁comm enced ▁on ▁December ▁ 1 2 , ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁at ▁Nag oya . ▁The ▁Ga on ▁Music ▁Chart ▁announced ▁that ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁was ▁the ▁most ▁successful ▁girl ▁group ▁of ▁South ▁Korea ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁In ▁August ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁to ▁comm emor ate ▁the ▁group ' s ▁nin th ▁anniversary , ▁S . M . ▁Entertainment ▁released ▁a ▁single ▁titled ▁" S ailing ▁( 0 8 0 5 ) ". ▁The ▁lyrics ▁were ▁written ▁by ▁member ▁So oy ou ng , ▁highlight ing ▁the ▁relationship ▁between ▁the ▁group ▁and ▁their ▁fans . ▁ ▁In ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁announced ▁the ▁release ▁of ▁their ▁sixth ▁Korean - language ▁studio ▁album ▁to ▁comm emor ate ▁the ▁group ' s ▁t enth ▁anniversary . ▁The ▁album , ▁titled ▁Hol iday ▁Night , ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁August ▁ 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 7 .
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▁It ▁debut ed ▁at op ▁the ▁Bill board ▁World ▁Albums ▁chart , ▁and ▁pe aked ▁at ▁number ▁two ▁on ▁the ▁Ga on ▁Album ▁Chart . ▁The ▁album ▁sur pass ed ▁The ▁Boys ▁as ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁fastest - selling ▁Korean - language ▁album ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁week , ▁and ▁sold ▁over ▁ 1 6 7 , 0 0 0 ▁copies ▁by ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 7 . ▁Bill board ▁ranked ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁at ▁number ▁one ▁on ▁their ▁" Top ▁ 1 0 ▁K - pop ▁Girl ▁G roups ▁of ▁the ▁Past ▁Dec ade " ▁list , ▁published ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 9 . ▁ ▁In ▁October ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁SM ▁Entertainment ▁announced ▁that ▁members ▁T iff any , ▁So oy ou ng ▁and ▁Se oh y un ▁decided ▁not ▁to ▁renew ▁their ▁contracts ▁with ▁the ▁company ▁to ▁focus ▁on ▁their ▁acting ▁or ▁solo ▁music ▁careers . ▁With ▁the ▁change ▁of ▁music ▁labels , ▁the ▁group ▁was ▁said ▁to ▁not ▁be ▁dis band ed ▁and ▁future ▁activities ▁of ▁the ▁eight - member ▁group ▁remains ▁to ▁be ▁discussed . ▁The ▁group ▁is ▁currently ▁on ▁in def in ite ▁hi atus ▁to ▁focus ▁on ▁solo ▁activities . ▁ ▁Sub group ▁and ▁solo ▁ende av ors ▁▁ ▁In ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁SM ▁Entertainment ▁formed ▁a ▁sub group ▁of ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁named ▁T TS ▁( or ▁T ae T i Se o ), ▁composed ▁of ▁three ▁members : ▁Ta ey e on ,
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▁T iff any , ▁and ▁Se oh y un . ▁T TS ▁has ▁released ▁three ▁extended ▁plays : ▁Tw inkle ▁( May ▁ 2 0 1 2 ), ▁Holl er ▁( Se ptember ▁ 2 0 1 4 ), ▁and ▁Dear ▁Santa ▁( De cember ▁ 2 0 1 5 ). ▁In ▁August ▁ 2 0 1 8 , ▁SM ▁Entertainment ▁formed ▁the ▁second ▁sub group ▁of ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁named ▁Girls ' ▁Generation - Oh ! GG , ▁composed ▁of ▁five ▁members : ▁Sun ny , ▁Ta ey e on , ▁Y o ona , ▁Y uri ▁and ▁Hy oy e on . ▁They ▁released ▁their ▁debut ▁single ▁album , ▁Lil ' ▁Touch , ▁on ▁September ▁ 5 . ▁ ▁Ta ey e on ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁member ▁of ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁to ▁debut ▁as ▁a ▁solo ▁singer ; ▁her ▁debut ▁EP ▁I ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁October ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁which ▁pe aked ▁at ▁number ▁two ▁on ▁the ▁Ga on ▁Album ▁Chart . ▁Ta ey e on ' s ▁second ▁EP , ▁Why ▁( 2 0 1 6 ), ▁pe aked ▁at op ▁the ▁Ga on ▁Album ▁Chart . ▁She ▁has ▁released ▁two ▁studio ▁albums , ▁My ▁Voice ▁( 2 0 1 7 ) ▁and ▁Pur pose ▁( 2 0 1 9 ), ▁and ▁three ▁further ▁EP s , ▁This ▁Christmas : ▁Winter ▁Is ▁Com ing ▁( 2 0 1 7 ), ▁Something ▁New ▁( 2 0 1 8 ), ▁and ▁Voice ▁( 2 0 1 9 ). ▁T
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iff any ▁was ▁the ▁second ▁member ▁to ▁debut ▁as ▁a ▁solo ▁singer , ▁releasing ▁her ▁debut ▁EP ▁I ▁Just ▁W anna ▁Dance ▁in ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 6 . ▁After ▁leaving ▁SM ▁Entertainment , ▁T iff any ▁released ▁her ▁second ▁EP , ▁L ips ▁on ▁L ips , ▁in ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 9 . ▁Se oh y un ▁followed ▁with ▁her ▁debut ▁EP , ▁Don ' t ▁Say ▁No , ▁in ▁January ▁ 2 0 1 7 . ▁Y uri ▁and ▁Y o ona ▁also ▁released ▁their ▁debut ▁EP s ▁titled ▁The ▁First ▁Sc ene ▁( 2 0 1 8 ) ▁and ▁A ▁Walk ▁to ▁Remember ▁( 2 0 1 9 ), ▁respectively . ▁Since ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁Hy oy e on ▁has ▁also ▁released ▁several ▁solo ▁singles ▁both ▁under ▁her ▁given ▁name ▁and ▁her ▁DJ ▁Hy o ▁mon iker . ▁On ▁December ▁ 2 0 1 8 , ▁So oy ou ng ▁released ▁" W inter ▁Bre ath ", ▁her ▁first ▁solo ▁single ▁since ▁depart ing ▁from ▁SM ▁Entertainment . ▁ ▁Art istry ▁ ▁Mus ical ▁styles ▁▁ ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁music ▁is ▁predomin antly ▁bubble g um ▁pop ▁and ▁elect rop op . ▁The ▁group ' s ▁early ▁singles ▁such ▁as ▁" G ee ", ▁" Tell ▁Me ▁Your ▁W ish ▁( Gen ie )" ▁( 2 0 0 9 ), ▁and ▁" Oh !" ▁( 2 0 1 0 ) ▁are ▁described ▁as ▁" c utes y " ▁bubble g um ▁pop
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; ▁" G ee " ▁also ▁features ▁elements ▁of ▁tech no ▁and ▁hip ▁hop , ▁as ▁noted ▁by ▁Ab ig ail ▁C oving ton ▁from ▁The ▁A . V . ▁Club . ▁Nevertheless , ▁the ▁group ' s ▁musical ▁styles ▁have ▁varied ▁widely ▁ever ▁since ; ▁An z he ▁Z hang ▁from ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁University ▁wrote ▁that ▁despite ▁the ▁fact ▁that ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁styles ▁are ▁deemed ▁" main stream " ▁in ▁South ▁Korea , ▁the ▁group ▁" has ▁grown ▁son ically ▁more ▁experimental ." ▁ ▁Their ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁single ▁" The ▁Boys " ▁depart s ▁for ▁a ▁more ▁" m ature " ▁style ▁from ▁the ▁group ' s ▁previous ▁emphasis ▁on ▁" c utes y " ▁themes ; ▁it ▁incorpor ates ▁elements ▁from ▁hip ▁hop , ▁a ▁genre ▁that ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁had ▁never ▁vent ured ▁into . ▁The ▁tit ular ▁studio ▁album , ▁according ▁to ▁All Music ' s ▁review er ▁Tim ▁Send ra , ▁includes ▁u pt em po ▁dance ▁tracks ▁" with ▁a ▁straight ▁pop ▁radio ▁feel ." ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁single ▁" D ancing ▁Queen "— a ▁rem ake ▁of ▁British ▁singer ▁D uffy ' s ▁" Mer cy " ▁( 2 0 0 8 ) — features ▁a ▁" fun ky ▁pop " ▁production , ▁as ▁opposed ▁to ▁the ▁group ' s ▁signature ▁elect rop op ▁sound . ▁Their ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁single ▁" I ▁Got ▁a ▁Boy " ▁was ▁noted ▁for
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▁its ▁ec lect ic ▁musical ▁style , ▁utilizing ▁various ▁gen res ▁ranging ▁from ▁bubble g um ▁pop , ▁elect rop op ▁and ▁drum ▁and ▁bass ▁to ▁pop - rap , ▁E DM , ▁and ▁dub step . ▁Jeff ▁Benjamin ▁from ▁Bill board ▁la uded ▁the ▁song ▁as ▁" one ▁of ▁the ▁most - forward ▁thinking ▁lead ▁pop ▁singles ▁heard ▁in ▁any ▁country ." ▁Both ▁a fore ment ioned ▁singles ' ▁parent ▁album , ▁I ▁Got ▁a ▁Boy ▁( 2 0 1 3 ), ▁comb ines ▁elements ▁from ▁a ▁wide ▁range ▁of ▁gen res ▁such ▁as ▁ 1 9 8 0 s ▁new ▁wave , ▁E DM , ▁and ▁classic ▁and ▁contemporary ▁R & B . ▁ ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁EP , ▁Mr . Mr ., ▁features ▁" exc iting " ▁R & B ▁sounds ▁with ▁" c ool , ▁simple " ▁melod ies . ▁All Music ' s ▁He ather ▁Ph ares ▁also ▁noted ▁inspir ations ▁of ▁E DM , ▁hip ▁hop , ▁traditional ▁K - pop ▁sound , ▁and ▁late - 1 9 8 0 s ▁europ op ▁on ▁the ▁EP , ▁which ▁she ▁lab elled ▁" a ▁set ▁of ▁songs ▁that ▁offers ▁something ▁for ▁every ▁kind ▁of ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁and ▁exp ands ▁their ▁musical ▁reach ." ▁The ▁group ' s ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁album ▁Lion ▁Heart ▁brings ▁back ▁their ▁signature ▁bubble g um ▁pop ▁sound ; ▁its ▁third ▁single ▁" You ▁Think ", ▁however , ▁is ▁a ▁hip ▁hop ▁song ▁that
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▁incorpor ates ▁trap ▁be ats ▁in ▁its ▁instrument ation . ▁ ▁L yrics ▁and ▁themes ▁ ▁Although ▁most ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁releases ▁are ▁written ▁by ▁song writ ers ▁for ▁S . M . ▁Entertainment , ▁some ▁members ▁occasionally ▁participated ▁in ▁song writing . ▁Member ▁Y uri ▁wrote ▁the ▁lyrics ▁for ▁" M ist ake " ▁from ▁their ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁EP ▁H oot . ▁So oy ou ng ▁p enn ed ▁the ▁lyrics ▁to ▁" How ▁Great ▁Is ▁Your ▁Love " ▁on ▁the ▁group ' s ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁studio ▁album ▁The ▁Boys . ▁Members ▁So oy ou ng , ▁Y uri , ▁and ▁Se oh y un ▁wrote ▁the ▁lyrics ▁for ▁" B aby ▁Maybe " ▁and ▁" XY Z " ▁on ▁the ▁group ' s ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁studio ▁album ▁I ▁Got ▁a ▁Boy . ▁ ▁The ▁group ' s ▁main ▁l yr ical ▁themes ▁as ▁characterized ▁by ▁Chris ▁True ▁from ▁All Music ▁are ▁" d ance ▁party " ▁and ▁" girl s ▁night ▁out ." ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁songs ▁have ▁been ▁critic ized ▁by ▁Western ▁media ▁out lets ▁for ▁not ▁port ray ing ▁female ▁empower ment ▁but ▁promoting ▁the ▁opposite . ▁C ee j ay ▁Lee ▁from ▁femin ist ▁magazine ▁Fem ▁critic ized ▁the ▁" generic " ▁themes ▁of ▁Korean ▁girl ▁groups ▁like ▁Wonder ▁Girls ▁or ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁as ▁" sex ist ": ▁"[ They ] ▁infant il ize ▁themselves ▁to ▁em as culate ▁males ▁by ▁pand ering ▁child
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like , ▁pur itan ical ▁innoc ence ▁[...] ▁It ▁only ▁rein for ces ▁that ▁females ▁are ▁weak ▁beings ▁that ▁serve ▁to ▁grat ify ▁males ▁and ▁that ▁males ▁need ▁to ▁be ▁' man ' ▁enough ▁to ▁' prote ct ' ▁them ." ▁Stephen ▁Ep stein ▁from ▁the ▁Victoria ▁University ▁of ▁W elling ton ▁and ▁James ▁Turn b ull ▁from ▁D ong se o ▁University ▁expressed ▁concern ▁that ▁the ▁lyrics ▁of ▁K - pop ▁girl ▁groups ▁may ▁raise ▁considerable ▁questions ▁about ▁the ▁empower ing ▁nature ▁of ▁" G irl ▁Group ▁F ever "— part icular ly ▁with ▁singles ▁" G ee " ▁and ▁" Oh !" ▁ ▁Writing ▁for ▁The ▁Harvard ▁Crim son , ▁S oy ou ng ▁Kim ▁wrote ▁that ▁" the ▁representation ▁of ▁females ▁in ▁K - pop ▁has ▁been ▁problem atic " ▁and ▁sing led ▁out ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁" G ee " ▁as ▁an ▁embod iment ; ▁its ▁repet itive ▁lyrics ▁" What ▁should ▁I ▁do ?" ▁( ), ▁" f ool " ▁( ), ▁or ▁" I ▁don ' t ▁know " ▁() ▁suggest ▁that ▁the ▁girls ▁are ▁" utter ly ▁cl uel ess ▁children " ▁who ▁" d umb ▁[ the ms el ves ] ▁down " ▁just ▁to ▁attract ▁a ▁partner . ▁He ▁further ▁cited ▁the ▁single ▁" I ▁Got ▁a ▁Boy " ▁as ▁an ▁ep it ome ▁of ▁the ▁group ' s ▁non - emp ower ing ▁lyrics , ▁with ▁lines ▁such ▁as ▁" I ▁got ▁a ▁boy , ▁he ' s ▁awesome ▁/ ▁I
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▁got ▁a ▁boy , ▁he ' s ▁kind ▁/ ▁I ▁got ▁a ▁boy , ▁handsome ▁boy , ▁my ▁heart ' s ▁been ▁taken ▁away ▁[...] ▁My ▁prince ! ▁/ ▁When ▁will ▁you ▁rescue ▁me ?" ▁Kim ▁came ▁to ▁the ▁conclusion ▁that ▁" fem ale ▁K - pop ▁artists ▁orient ▁themselves ▁around ▁men ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁gain ▁attention ." ▁Despite ▁the ▁criticism , ▁several ▁of ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁songs , ▁such ▁as ▁" Run ▁Dev il ▁Run ", ▁" H oot ", ▁and ▁" Bad ▁Girl " ▁( from ▁their ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁e pon ym ous ▁Japanese ▁album ) ▁are ▁noted ▁for ▁port ray ing ▁" conf ident ▁young ▁women ▁with ▁their ▁own ▁opinion ", ▁which ▁is ▁a ▁departure ▁from ▁their ▁early ▁singles . ▁The ▁group ' s ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁single ▁" The ▁Boys " ▁was ▁noted ▁for ▁conve ying ▁a ▁femin ist ▁theme ▁and ▁was ▁compared ▁to ▁Bey on cé ' s ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁single ▁" Run ▁the ▁World ▁( G irl s )" ▁for ▁the ▁same ▁" w omen - powered " ▁content ; ▁E un - You ng ▁Jun ▁in ▁the ▁book ▁The ▁Korean ▁W ave : ▁Korean ▁Media ▁Go ▁Global ▁( 2 0 1 3 ) ▁noted ▁its ▁lyrics ▁for ▁dep ict ing ▁" sex ually ▁d aring ▁women " ▁who ▁are ▁confident ▁in ▁their ▁sexual ity . ▁ ▁Image ▁ ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁is ▁known ▁for ▁rein vent ing ▁their ▁fashion ▁styles ▁and ▁stage ▁performances ▁throughout ▁their ▁career
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. ▁In ▁their ▁early ▁years , ▁the ▁group ▁performed ▁in ▁uniform s ; ▁with ▁the ▁debut ▁single ▁" Into ▁the ▁New ▁World ", ▁they ▁introduced ▁themselves ▁as ▁high ▁school ▁students . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁the ▁group ▁set ▁the ▁" color ful ▁skin ny ▁jeans " ▁fashion ▁trend ▁with ▁" G ee ", ▁and ▁later ▁opt ed ▁for ▁a ▁marine - in sp ired ▁image ▁on ▁wearing ▁uniform s ▁and ▁shorts ▁that ▁highlighted ▁their ▁legs ▁with ▁" Tell ▁Me ▁Your ▁W ish ▁( Gen ie ) ". ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁the ▁group ' s ▁image ▁became ▁more ▁diverse : ▁they ▁used ▁a ▁cheer le ader ▁concept ▁for ▁" Oh ! ", ▁while ▁the ▁performances ▁of ▁their ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁single ▁" Run ▁Dev il ▁Run " ▁was ▁noted ▁for ▁conve ying ▁a ▁dark er ▁theme , ▁which ▁was ▁b illed ▁" Black ▁So Sh i ". ▁Later ▁that ▁year , ▁the ▁group ▁transformed ▁themselves ▁to ▁Bond ▁Girls - in sp ired ▁sing ers ▁for ▁the ▁visual ▁of ▁" H oot ". ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁the ▁group ▁established ▁a ▁" her oine " ▁image , ▁with ▁members ▁choosing ▁their ▁own ▁out f its , ▁emphas izing ▁each ▁of ▁the ▁members ' ▁own ▁tastes ▁rather ▁than ▁performing ▁in ▁uniform s . ▁For ▁the ▁performances ▁of ▁" I ▁Got ▁a ▁Boy " ▁( 2 0 1 3 ), ▁the ▁members ▁opt ed ▁for ▁flat ▁shoes ▁instead ▁of ▁their ▁signature ▁high ▁heels ▁in ▁order
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▁to ▁perform ▁the ▁ch ore ography ▁correctly . ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁visual s ▁for ▁their ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁singles ▁" C atch ▁Me ▁If ▁You ▁Can " ▁and ▁" You ▁Think " ▁were ▁noted ▁for ▁intr icate ▁ch ore ography ▁moves ▁with ▁a ▁more ▁" power ful " ▁and ▁" se xy " ▁image . ▁ ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁image ▁has ▁often ▁been ▁regarded ▁as ▁" inn oc ent ", ▁and ▁their ▁performances ▁on stage ▁are ▁described ▁as ▁" y outh ful " ▁and ▁" color ful ;" ▁C ee j ay ▁Lee ▁from ▁Fem ▁commented ▁that ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁out f its ▁often ▁reveal ▁legs ▁rather ▁than ▁" cle av ages ▁or ▁der ri ères ." ▁E un - You ng ▁Jung ▁in ▁the ▁book ▁The ▁Korean ▁W ave ▁op ined ▁that ▁the ▁group ' s ▁concepts ▁fall ▁into ▁two ▁main ▁categories —" inn oc ent , ▁c utes y , ▁happy " ▁( ear ly ▁singles ▁" G ee ", ▁" Gen ie ", ▁" Oh ! ") ▁and ▁" more ▁mature , ▁yet ▁not ▁over ly ▁sexy , ▁femin ine " ▁( l ater ▁singles ▁" Run ▁Dev il ▁Run " ▁and ▁" H oot "). ▁A ▁writer ▁for ▁the ▁Korean ▁Culture ▁and ▁Information ▁Service ▁deemed ▁the ▁group ' s ▁image ▁as ▁" se xy " ▁and ▁" g ir ly " ▁" god dess es ▁that ▁are ▁hard ▁to ▁approach ." ▁John ▁Se ab ro ok ▁from ▁The ▁New ▁York er
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▁described ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁as ▁" a ▁group ▁of ▁pre pp y - looking ▁young ▁women ▁in ▁skin ny ▁tr ous ers . ▁When ▁they ▁wear ▁hot ▁pants , ▁it ' s ▁to ▁display ▁the ▁g ams , ▁not ▁the ▁gl utes ." ▁New ▁York ▁Magazine ▁stated : ▁" acc ording ▁to ▁label ▁execut ives ▁and ▁fans , ▁[ G irl s ' ▁Generation ' s ] ▁appeal ▁is ▁not ▁their ▁music , ▁which ▁is ▁catch y ▁but ▁derivative . ▁Instead , ▁the ▁[ group ▁projects ] ▁a ▁hum ility ▁that ▁gives ▁their ▁fans ▁the ▁illusion ▁that ▁' when ▁you ▁see ▁them ▁on ▁stage ▁it ' s ▁like ▁they ' ve ▁come ▁to ▁see ▁you .' ▁" ▁Taylor ▁Glas by ▁from ▁D azed ▁remarked ▁that ▁not ▁only ▁the ▁group ' s ▁early ▁" p ure " ▁image ▁and ▁music ▁were ▁appealing , ▁but ▁the ▁members ' ▁personal ities ▁as ▁a ▁whole ▁" un iqu ely ▁solid ified ▁the ▁G G ▁experience ▁into ▁an ▁intimate ▁family ▁affair ," ▁noting ▁that ▁their ▁supporters ▁look ▁up ▁to ▁all ▁the ▁members ▁as ▁" s ister s , ▁role ▁models ▁and ▁ icons ." ▁Dis cuss ing ▁the ▁public ' s ▁scrut iny ▁on ▁the ▁group ' s ▁physical ▁image , ▁member ▁T iff any ▁remarked : ▁ ▁At ▁first ▁it ▁always ▁both ers ▁you ▁even ▁though ▁you ▁say ▁it ▁doesn ' t . ▁But ▁I ▁think ▁if ▁you ▁want ▁to ▁exceed ▁limits , ▁you ▁have ▁to ▁suck ▁that ▁all ▁in ▁and ▁be ▁happy ▁with ▁what ▁you ▁have
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. ▁At ▁first ▁it ▁was ▁painful ▁to ▁watch ▁all ▁those ▁things ▁but ▁now ▁I ▁take ▁it ▁as ▁construct ive ▁criticism ▁or ▁I ▁don ' t ▁bother ▁to ▁look ▁at ▁it . ▁ ▁Leg acy ▁ ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁has ▁been ▁regarded ▁as ▁a ▁prominent ▁figure ▁in ▁South ▁Korean ▁culture ▁and ▁the ▁Korean ▁W ave . ▁In ▁South ▁Korea , ▁they ▁are ▁cred ited ▁as ▁the ▁lead ▁female ▁group ▁that ▁shifted ▁the ▁public ' s ▁focus ▁back ▁to ▁female ▁id ols ▁after ▁the ▁Korean ▁music ▁industry ▁experienced ▁an ▁infl ux ▁of ▁male ▁id ol ▁groups ▁from ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁to ▁ 2 0 0 7 . ▁CNN ▁noted ▁the ▁group ▁as ▁a ▁" n ational ▁phenomenon " ▁in ▁South ▁Korea ▁and ▁lab elled ▁them ▁the ▁" As ian ▁version " ▁of ▁British ▁girl ▁group ▁Sp ice ▁Girls , ▁and ▁Tyler ▁Br û lé ▁writing ▁for ▁the ▁Financial ▁Times ▁selected ▁the ▁group ▁as ▁the ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁ten ▁most ▁recogn izable ▁features ▁of ▁South ▁Korea , ▁the ▁only ▁musical ▁act ▁to ▁make ▁the ▁list . ▁Japanese ▁magazine ▁Nik ke i ▁Business ▁suggested ▁the ▁group ' s ▁international ▁expansion ▁and ▁success ▁was ▁the ▁musical ▁equivalent ▁to ▁Samsung ' s ▁global ▁trend . ▁ ▁Their ▁immense ▁popularity ▁in ▁South ▁Korea ▁has ▁earned ▁the ▁group ▁the ▁titles ▁" The ▁Nation ' s ▁Sing ers " ▁() ▁and ▁" The ▁Nation ' s ▁Girl ▁Group " ▁( ). ▁Their ▁success ▁has ▁influenced ▁various ▁K - pop ▁girl ▁groups ▁of ▁the ▁new ▁generation , ▁including ▁G Friend ,
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▁Mel ody ▁Day , ▁and ▁Ap ink . ▁A ▁fixture ▁on ▁South ▁Korean ▁power ▁rank ings , ▁the ▁group ▁placed ▁within ▁the ▁top ▁ten ▁of ▁For bes ▁Korea ▁Power ▁Cele br ity ▁from ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁to pping ▁the ▁list ▁three ▁times ▁( 2 0 1 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁ 2 0 1 4 ). ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁consistently ▁ranked ▁in ▁the ▁top ▁five ▁of ▁Gall up ▁Korea ' s ▁" Art ist ▁of ▁the ▁Year " ▁poll ▁from ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁to pping ▁the ▁list ▁three ▁times ▁( 2 0 0 9 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 ). ▁The ▁S isa ▁Journal ▁named ▁the ▁group ▁as ▁the ▁most ▁influential ▁entertain ers ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁and ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁while ▁Asia ▁Today ▁( ko ) ▁included ▁the ▁group ▁in ▁their ▁list ▁of ▁ 5 0 ▁Korean ▁Power ▁Lead ers ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁The ▁group ▁was ▁named ▁one ▁of ▁South ▁Korea ' s ▁" super ▁brands " ▁by ▁the ▁Korean ▁Institute ▁for ▁Industrial ▁Policy ▁Studies ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁and ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁five ▁South ▁Korean ▁musical ▁acts ▁that ▁best ▁represented ▁K - pop ▁during ▁the ▁past ▁two ▁decades ▁by ▁the ▁Korea ▁Creative ▁Content ▁Agency ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁is ▁also ▁the ▁first ▁Korean ▁celebr
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ity ▁to ▁have ▁official ▁post age ▁st amps ▁distributed ▁by ▁the ▁Korea ▁Post . ▁ ▁The ▁group ' s ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁single ▁" G ee " ▁was ▁declared ▁" S ong ▁of ▁the ▁Dec ade " ▁by ▁Mel on ▁and ▁regarded ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁K - Pop ▁songs ▁to ▁gain ▁international ▁attention , ▁according ▁to ▁Google ▁Statistics . ▁Ian ▁Martin ▁of ▁The ▁Japan ▁Times ▁noted ▁that ▁the ▁group ' s ▁popularity ▁was ▁still ▁strong ▁even ▁after ▁the ▁Korean ▁W ave ▁appeal ▁had ▁died ▁down ▁in ▁Japan ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 – 1 2 . ▁During ▁ 2 0 0 9 – 2 0 1 1 , ▁the ▁group ▁generated ▁ <0xE2> <0x82> <0xA9> 6 8 . 8 ▁billion ▁($ 6 2 ▁million ), ▁r aking ▁in ▁$ 2 0 ▁million ▁in ▁profits ▁and ▁becoming ▁the ▁highest ▁profit ▁ear ner ▁for ▁their ▁label ▁SM ▁Entertainment . ▁By ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁had ▁sold ▁over ▁ 3 0 ▁million ▁digital ▁singles ▁and ▁ 4 . 4 ▁million ▁albums , ▁making ▁them ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁best - selling ▁artists ▁in ▁South ▁Korea . ▁Their ▁songs ▁have ▁been ▁widely ▁recognized ▁as ▁the ▁signature ▁songs ▁of ▁K - pop : ▁P itch f ork ▁included ▁" I ▁Got ▁a ▁Boy " ▁and ▁" G ee " ▁in ▁their ▁list ▁of ▁ 2 0 ▁essential ▁K - pop ▁songs , ▁cred iting ▁them ▁as ▁the ▁" mag num ▁opera " ▁of ▁modern ▁Korean ▁music . ▁Sp in
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▁lab elled ▁" Run ▁Dev il ▁Run " ▁and ▁" G ee " ▁the ▁ 1 1 th ▁and ▁ 5 th ▁greatest ▁K - pop ▁songs , ▁respectively , ▁while ▁Watch Mo jo . com ▁ranked ▁" G ee " ▁second ▁on ▁their ▁list ▁of ▁Top ▁ 1 0 ▁Icon ic ▁K - Pop ▁Songs . ▁Bill board ▁placed ▁" I ▁Got ▁a ▁Boy " ▁at ▁number ▁ 2 1 ▁on ▁their ▁list ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 0 0 ▁Great est ▁Girl ▁Group ▁Songs , ▁describing ▁it ▁as ▁" proof ▁to ▁why ▁girl - group ▁music ▁is ▁in ▁a ▁league ▁of ▁its ▁own ▁in ▁terms ▁of ▁excitement ▁and ▁boundary ▁pushing ." ▁ ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁became ▁the ▁first ▁girl ▁group ▁to ▁achieve ▁four ▁music ▁videos ▁with ▁over ▁ 1 0 0 ▁million ▁views ▁on ▁YouTube ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁with ▁" G ee ", ▁" I ▁Got ▁a ▁Boy ", ▁" The ▁Boys ", ▁and ▁" Mr . ▁Tax i ", ▁and ▁the ▁first ▁Asian ▁girl ▁group ▁to ▁am ass ▁five ▁such ▁videos ▁with ▁the ▁addition ▁of ▁" Oh !" ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 . ▁Bill board ▁Box score ▁reported ▁that ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁was ▁the ▁top ▁tour ing ▁K - pop ▁girl ▁group ▁by ▁ 2 0 1 6 . ▁Five ▁of ▁their ▁concert ▁tours ▁ranked ▁among ▁the ▁ten ▁highest - g ross ing ▁tours ▁by ▁a ▁girl ▁group ▁as ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 6 : ▁Love ▁& ▁Peace ▁( 2 0 1 4 ;
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▁$ 3 1 . 6 ▁million ), ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁Ph ant asia ▁( 2 0 1 5 ; ▁$ 2 2 . 3 ▁million ), ▁Girls ▁& ▁Peace : ▁ 2 nd ▁Japan ▁Tour ▁( 2 0 1 3 ; ▁$ 2 1 . 5 ▁million ), ▁The ▁First ▁Japan ▁Arena ▁Tour ▁( 2 0 1 1 ; ▁$ 1 4 . 9 8 ▁million ), ▁and ▁Girls ▁& ▁Peace ▁World ▁Tour ▁( 2 0 1 3 ; ▁$ 1 4 . 9 7 ▁million ). ▁The ▁group ▁won ▁two ▁Digital ▁Da es angs ▁( 2 0 0 9 ▁and ▁ 2 0 1 1 ) ▁and ▁one ▁D isk ▁Da es ang ▁( 2 0 1 0 ) ▁at ▁the ▁Golden ▁D isk ▁Awards , ▁making ▁them ▁the ▁first ▁girl ▁group ▁to ▁win ▁a ▁Grand ▁Prize ▁three ▁times ▁in ▁a ▁row ▁in ▁the ▁award ' s ▁history ▁and ▁the ▁only ▁girl ▁group ▁to ▁have ▁won ▁a ▁D isk ▁Da es ang ▁so ▁far . ▁They ▁also ▁won ▁two ▁Da es angs ▁at ▁the ▁Se oul ▁Music ▁Awards , ▁and ▁were ▁c rowned ▁both ▁Artist ▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁and ▁Best ▁Fem ale ▁Group ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁M net ▁Asian ▁Music ▁Awards . ▁The ▁Gu in ness ▁World ▁Records ▁recognized ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁in ▁its ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁edition ▁as ▁the ▁artist ▁that ▁earned ▁the ▁most ▁awards ▁at ▁the ▁Mel on ▁Music ▁Awards ▁( 1 3 ▁in ▁total ). ▁ ▁End orse ments ▁▁ ▁Girls
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' ▁Generation ▁are ▁regarded ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁sought - out ▁advertis ers ▁in ▁South ▁Korea . ▁Mark eters ▁named ▁the ▁group ▁as ▁the ▁models ▁with ▁the ▁most ▁influence ▁over ▁consumers , ▁attribut ing ▁the ▁group ' s ▁positive ▁attention ▁from ▁the ▁public ▁to ▁their ▁vocals , ▁looks , ▁and ▁fashion ▁sense . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁the ▁popularity ▁of ▁" G ee " ▁helped ▁the ▁group ▁generate ▁ <0xE2> <0x82> <0xA9> 1 . 5 ▁billion ▁($ 1 . 2 ▁million ) ▁in ▁endorse ment ▁revenue . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁and ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁the ▁members ▁of ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁combined ▁were ▁the ▁South ▁Korean ▁cele brit ies ▁who ▁shot ▁the ▁most ▁number ▁of ▁commercial s . ▁The ▁group ▁has ▁appeared ▁in ▁over ▁forty ▁endorse ment ▁deals — major ▁ones ▁included ▁L G , ▁Intel , ▁Korean ▁chicken ▁chain ▁Go ob ne ▁Ch icken , ▁Cas io , ▁Sam anth a ▁Th av asa , ▁Dom ino ' s ▁P izza ▁and ▁L otte . ▁They ▁also ▁collabor ated ▁with ▁Korean ▁shopping ▁m all ▁ 1 0 ▁Cor so ▁Como ▁Se oul ▁to ▁create ▁their ▁own ▁perf ume ▁brand ▁" G irl ". ▁ ▁Disc ography ▁ ▁Korean ▁albums ▁ ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁( 2 0 0 7 ) ▁ ▁Oh ! ▁( 2 0 1 0 ) ▁ ▁The ▁Boys ▁( 2 0 1 1 ) ▁ ▁I ▁Got ▁a ▁Boy ▁( 2 0 1 3 ) ▁ ▁Lion ▁Heart ▁( 2
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0 1 5 ) ▁ ▁Hol iday ▁Night ▁( 2 0 1 7 ) ▁ ▁Japanese ▁albums ▁ ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁( 2 0 1 1 ) ▁ ▁Girls ▁& ▁Peace ▁( 2 0 1 2 ) ▁ ▁Love ▁& ▁Peace ▁( 2 0 1 3 ) ▁ ▁T ours ▁ ▁Head lin ing ▁ ▁Asia ▁tours ▁ ▁Into ▁the ▁New ▁World ▁( 2 0 0 9 – 2 0 1 0 ) ▁▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁Asia ▁Tour ▁( 2 0 1 1 – 2 0 1 2 ) ▁ ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁World ▁Tour ▁Girls ▁& ▁Peace ▁( 2 0 1 3 – 2 0 1 4 ) ▁ ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ' s ▁Ph ant asia ▁( 2 0 1 5 – 2 0 1 6 ) ▁ ▁Japan ▁tours ▁ ▁The ▁First ▁Japan ▁Arena ▁Tour ▁( 2 0 1 1 ) ▁ ▁Girls ▁& ▁Peace : ▁ 2 nd ▁Japan ▁Tour ▁( 2 0 1 3 ) ▁ ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁Japan ▁ 3 rd ▁Tour ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁( 2 0 1 4 ) ▁ ▁Special ▁conc erts ▁ ▁Girls ' ▁Generation ▁" The ▁Best ▁Live " ▁at ▁Tokyo ▁D ome ▁( 2 0 1 4 ) ▁ ▁Con cert ▁participation ▁ ▁S MT own ▁Live ▁' 0 8 ▁( 2 0 0 8 – 2 0 0 9 ) ▁ ▁S MT own ▁Live ▁' 1 0 ▁World ▁Tour ▁( 2 0 1 0 – 2 0 1 1 ) ▁
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▁S MT own ▁Live ▁World ▁Tour ▁III ▁( 2 0 1 2 – 2 0 1 3 ) ▁ ▁S MT own ▁Week ▁( 2 0 1 3 ) ▁ ▁S MT own ▁Live ▁World ▁Tour ▁IV ▁( 2 0 1 4 – 2 0 1 5 ) ▁ ▁S MT own ▁Live ▁World ▁Tour ▁V ▁( 2 0 1 6 ) ▁ ▁S MT own ▁Live ▁World ▁Tour ▁VI ▁( 2 0 1 7 ) ▁ ▁Film ography ▁ ▁I ▁AM . ▁( 2 0 1 2 ) ▁S MT own : ▁The ▁Stage ▁( 2 0 1 5 ) ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁List ▁of ▁best - selling ▁girl ▁groups ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Cit ations ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : 2 0 0 7 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁South ▁Korea ▁Category : B ubble g um ▁pop ▁Category : E lect rop op ▁groups ▁Category : English - language ▁sing ers ▁from ▁South ▁Korea ▁Category : Gr and ▁Prize ▁Golden ▁Disc ▁Award ▁recip ients ▁Category : Inter scope ▁Records ▁artists ▁Category : J apan ese - language ▁sing ers ▁of ▁South ▁Korea ▁Category : M and arin - language ▁sing ers ▁of ▁South ▁Korea ▁Category : K - pop ▁music ▁groups ▁Category : K ore an ▁Music ▁Award ▁winners ▁Category : M net ▁Asian ▁Music ▁Award ▁winners ▁Category : Mus ical ▁groups ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁Category : Mus ical ▁groups ▁from ▁Se oul ▁Category : SM ▁Entertainment ▁artists ▁Category : SM ▁Town ▁Category
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: South ▁Korean ▁electronic ▁musicians ▁Category : South ▁Korean ▁girl ▁groups ▁Category : South ▁Korean ▁syn th pop ▁groups ▁Category : Univers al ▁Music ▁Japan ▁artists ▁Category : M el on ▁Music ▁Award ▁winners ▁Category : South ▁Korean ▁women ▁in ▁electronic ▁music <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 2 0 0 9 – 1 0 ▁season ▁of ▁the ▁Ho of d kl asse ▁was ▁competed ▁in ▁six ▁le agues , ▁three ▁Saturday ▁le agues ▁and ▁three ▁Sunday ▁le agues . ▁The ▁Champions , ▁second , ▁third ▁and ▁fourth ▁of ▁each ▁group ▁promoted ▁direct ▁to ▁the ▁new ▁Top kl asse . ▁ ▁Saturday ▁A ▁ ▁| - bg color =" 9 0 EE 9 0 " ▁| 1 || align =" left " | B are nd recht || ▁ 2 6 ▁|| <0x09> 1 8 ▁ <0x09> || 7 ▁ <0x09> || 1 ▁ <0x09> || 6 6 ▁ <0x09> || 2 1 ▁ <0x09> || + 4 5 ▁ <0x09> || 6 1 ▁ ▁| - ▁style =" background : # 9 0 EE 9 0 ;" ▁| 2 || align =" left " | Cap elle || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 1 7 ▁ <0x09> || 3 ▁ <0x09> || 6 ▁ <0x09> || 5 7 ▁ <0x09> || 3 4 ▁ <0x09> || + 2 3 ▁ <0x09> || 5 4 ▁ ▁| - ▁style =" background : # 9 0 EE 9 0 ;" ▁| 3 || align =" left " | R ij ns burg se ▁Boys ||
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2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 1 4 ▁ <0x09> || 7 ▁ <0x09> || 5 ▁ <0x09> || 4 8 ▁ <0x09> || 2 5 ▁ <0x09> || + 2 3 ▁ <0x09> || 4 9 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" 9 0 EE 9 0 " ▁| 4 || align =" left " | L isse || <0x09> 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 1 1 ▁ <0x09> || 8 ▁ <0x09> || 7 ▁ <0x09> || 4 9 ▁ <0x09> || 3 6 ▁ <0x09> || + 1 3 ▁ <0x09> || 4 1 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" FFFF 9 9 " ▁| 5 || align =" left " | K at w ijk || 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 1 1 ▁ <0x09> || 6 ▁ <0x09> || 9 ▁ <0x09> || 4 5 ▁ <0x09> || 4 3 ▁ <0x09> || + 2 ▁ <0x09> || 3 9 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" FFFF 9 9 " ▁| 6 || align =" left " | AR C || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 1 1 ▁ <0x09> || 6 ▁ <0x09> || 9 ▁ <0x09> || 4 1 ▁ <0x09> || 4 3 ▁ <0x09> || - 2 ▁ <0x09> || 3 9 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" FFFF FF " ▁| 7 || align =" left " | No ord w ijk || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 1 0 ▁ <0x09> || 8 ▁ <0x09> || 8 ▁ <0x09> || 4
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5 ▁ <0x09> || 3 7 ▁ <0x09> || + 8 ▁ <0x09> || 3 8 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" FFFF FF " ▁| 8 || align =" left " | AS WH || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 1 0 ▁ <0x09> || 8 ▁ <0x09> || 8 ▁ <0x09> || 4 7 ▁ <0x09> || 4 3 ▁ <0x09> || + 4 ▁ <0x09> || 3 6 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" FFFF FF " ▁▁ ▁| 9 || align =" left " | T er ▁Le ede || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 9 ▁ <0x09> || 7 ▁ <0x09> || 1 0 ▁ <0x09> || 5 0 ▁ <0x09> || 4 6 ▁ <0x09> || + 4 ▁ <0x09> || 3 4 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" FFFF FF " ▁| 1 0 || align =" left " | Sche ven ingen || 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 8 ▁ <0x09> || 7 ▁ <0x09> || 1 1 ▁ <0x09> || 4 4 ▁ <0x09> || 5 2 ▁ <0x09> || - 8 ▁ <0x09> || 3 1 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" FFFF FF " ▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁| 1 1 || align =" left " | RV V H || 2 6 ▁|| 9 ▁ <0x09> || 3 ▁ <0x09> || 1 4 ▁ <0x09> || 3 1 ▁ <0x09> || 4 5 ▁ <0x09> || - 1 4 ▁ <0x09> || 3 0 ▁| - bg color =" FFFF FF "
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▁| 1 2 || align =" left " | Quick ▁Boys || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 9 ▁ <0x09> || 3 ▁ <0x09> || 1 4 ▁ <0x09> || 3 9 ▁ <0x09> || 4 8 ▁ <0x09> || - 9 ▁ <0x09> || 2 9 ▁ ▁| - ▁style =" background : # FF CC CC " ▁| 1 3 || align =" left " | DOT O || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 4 ▁ <0x09> || 3 ▁ <0x09> || 1 9 ▁ <0x09> || 2 1 ▁ <0x09> || 6 6 ▁ <0x09> || - 4 5 ▁ <0x09> || 1 5 ▁| - ▁style =" background : # FF 8 8 8 8 " ▁| 1 4 || align =" left " | TO GR || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 2 ▁ <0x09> || 2 ▁ <0x09> || 2 2 ▁ <0x09> || 2 4 ▁ <0x09> || 6 8 ▁ <0x09> || - 4 4 ▁ <0x09> || 8 ▁ ▁| } ▁ ▁Saturday ▁B ▁ ▁| - bg color =" 9 0 EE 9 0 " ▁| 1 || align =" left " | I J ss el me erv og els || <0x09> 2 6 ▁|| <0x09> 1 9 ▁|| 3 ▁ <0x09> || 4 ▁ <0x09> || 6 4 ▁ <0x09> || 1 8 ▁ <0x09> || + 4 6 ▁ <0x09> || 6 0 ▁ <0x09> ▁| - ▁style =" background : # 9 0 EE 9 0
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;" ▁| 2 || align =" left " | S part a ▁N ij ker k || ▁▁ 2 6 ▁|| <0x09> 1 8 ▁ <0x09> || 4 ▁ <0x09> || 4 ▁ <0x09> || 6 9 ▁ <0x09> || 3 5 ▁ <0x09> || + 3 4 ▁ <0x09> || 5 8 ▁▁▁ ▁| - ▁style =" background : # 9 0 EE 9 0 ;" ▁| 3 || align =" left " | Sp aken burg || ▁▁▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 1 4 ▁ <0x09> || 8 ▁ <0x09> || 4 ▁ <0x09> || 6 2 ▁ <0x09> || 3 6 ▁ <0x09> || + 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 5 0 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" 9 0 EE 9 0 " ▁| 4 || align =" left " | H o ek || ▁▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 1 2 ▁ <0x09> || 9 ▁ <0x09> || 5 ▁ <0x09> || 3 8 ▁ <0x09> || 2 9 || ▁ <0x09> + 9 ▁ <0x09> || 4 5 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" FFFF 9 9 " ▁| 5 || align =" left " | Z w alu wen ▁' 3 0 || ▁ <0x09> 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 1 2 ▁ <0x09> || 2 ▁ <0x09> || 1 2 ▁ <0x09> || 5 0 ▁ <0x09> || 4 9 ▁ <0x09> || + 1 ▁ <0x09> || 3 8 ▁| - bg color =" FFFF 9 9 " ▁| 6 || align
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=" left " | G V V V || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 1 0 ▁ <0x09> || 7 ▁ <0x09> || 9 ▁ <0x09> || 4 6 ▁ <0x09> || 4 3 ▁ <0x09> || + 3 ▁ <0x09> || 3 7 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" FFFF FF " ▁| 7 || align =" left " | SD C ▁Put ten || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 9 ▁ <0x09> || 8 ▁ <0x09> || 9 ▁ <0x09> || 4 3 ▁ <0x09> || 4 5 ▁ <0x09> || - 2 ▁ <0x09> || 3 5 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" FFFF FF " ▁| 8 || align =" left " | K oz ak ken ▁Boys || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 8 ▁ <0x09> || 9 ▁ <0x09> || 9 ▁ <0x09> || 4 6 ▁ <0x09> || 4 7 ▁ <0x09> || - 1 ▁ <0x09> || 3 3 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" FFFF FF " ▁| 9 || align =" left " | OD IN ▁' 5 9 || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 8 ▁ <0x09> || 7 ▁ <0x09> || 1 1 ▁ <0x09> || 4 6 ▁ <0x09> || 5 1 ▁ <0x09> || - 5 ▁ <0x09> || 3 1 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" FFFF FF " ▁| 1 0 || align =" left " | J od an ▁Boys || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 8 ▁ <0x09> || 7
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▁ <0x09> || 1 1 ▁ <0x09> || 4 0 ▁ <0x09> || 5 4 ▁ <0x09> || - 1 4 ▁ <0x09> || 3 1 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" FFFF FF " ▁| 1 1 || align =" left " | L RC ▁Le erd am || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 8 ▁ <0x09> || 6 ▁ <0x09> || 1 2 ▁ <0x09> || 4 3 ▁ <0x09> || 5 1 ▁ <0x09> || - 8 ▁ <0x09> || 3 0 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" FFFF FF " ▁| 1 2 || align =" left " | R K AV ▁Vol end am || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 7 ▁ <0x09> || 5 ▁ <0x09> || 1 4 ▁ <0x09> || 4 5 ▁ <0x09> || 6 0 ▁ <0x09> || - 1 5 ▁ <0x09> || 2 6 ▁ ▁| - ▁style =" background : # FF CC CC " ▁| 1 3 || align =" left " | DO VO || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 6 ▁ <0x09> || 2 ▁ <0x09> || 1 8 ▁ <0x09> || 3 3 ▁ <0x09> || 6 6 ▁ <0x09> || - 3 3 ▁ <0x09> || 2 0 ▁ ▁| - ▁style =" background : # FF 8 8 8 8 " ▁| 1 4 || align =" left " | B enne kom || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 4 ▁ <0x09> || 1 ▁ <0x09> || 2 1 ▁
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<0x09> || 3 2 ▁ <0x09> || 7 3 ▁ <0x09> || - 4 1 ▁ <0x09> || 1 3 ▁ ▁| } ▁ ▁Saturday ▁C ▁ ▁| - bg color =" 9 0 EE 9 0 " ▁| 1 || align =" left " | Ex c els ior ▁' 3 1 ▁|| ▁ <0x09> 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 1 7 ▁ <0x09> || 3 ▁ <0x09> || 6 ▁ <0x09> || 4 6 ▁ <0x09> || 2 5 ▁ <0x09> || + 2 1 ▁ <0x09> || 5 4 ▁| - ▁style =" background : # 9 0 EE 9 0 ;" ▁| 2 || align =" left " | H ark em ase ▁Boys ▁|| 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 1 5 ▁ <0x09> || 6 ▁ <0x09> || 5 ▁ <0x09> || 6 6 ▁ <0x09> || 3 1 ▁ <0x09> || + 3 5 ▁ <0x09> || 5 1 ▁ ▁| - ▁style =" background : # 9 0 EE 9 0 ;" ▁| 3 || align =" left " | CS V ▁Ap el do orn || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 1 3 ▁ <0x09> || 7 ▁ <0x09> || 6 ▁ <0x09> || 4 6 ▁ <0x09> || 3 5 ▁ <0x09> || + 1 1 ▁ <0x09> || 4 6 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" 9 0 EE 9 0 " ▁| 4 || align =" left " | F lev o ▁Boys || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 1
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3 ▁ <0x09> || 3 ▁ <0x09> || 1 0 ▁ <0x09> || 4 2 ▁ <0x09> || 3 6 ▁ <0x09> || + 6 ▁ <0x09> || 4 2 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" FFFF 9 9 " ▁| 5 || align =" left " | Gen em uid en || ▁ 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 1 0 ▁ <0x09> || 8 ▁ <0x09> || 8 ▁ <0x09> || 4 5 ▁ <0x09> || 3 7 ▁ <0x09> || + 8 ▁ <0x09> || 3 8 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" FFFF 9 9 " ▁| 6 || align =" left " | H HC ▁H arden berg || 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 9 ▁ <0x09> || 8 ▁ <0x09> || 9 ▁ <0x09> || 3 1 ▁ <0x09> || 2 9 ▁ <0x09> || + 2 ▁ <0x09> || 3 5 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" FFFF FF " ▁| 7 || align =" left " | W HC || 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 9 ▁ <0x09> || 8 ▁ <0x09> || 9 ▁ <0x09> || 4 5 ▁ <0x09> || 4 8 ▁ <0x09> || - 3 ▁ <0x09> || 3 5 ▁ ▁| - bg color =" FFFF FF " ▁| 8 || align =" left " | AC V ▁|| 2 6 ▁ <0x09> || 9 ▁ <0x09> || 8 ▁ <0x09> || 9 ▁ <0x09> || 3 4 ▁ <0x09> || 3 9 ▁ <0x09> || - 5 ▁ <0x09> ||
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