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▁third ▁album , ▁Ye as ayer ▁started ▁recording ▁for ▁their ▁fourth ▁album ▁A men ▁& ▁Good bye . ▁The ▁album ▁was ▁delayed ▁heavily ▁due ▁to ▁a ▁storm ▁that ▁had ▁destroyed ▁much ▁of ▁the ▁recording ▁t apes . ▁It ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁after ▁a ▁four - year ▁gap ▁between ▁albums , ▁the ▁longest ▁in ▁the ▁band ' s ▁career . ▁The ▁group ' s ▁fifth ▁album ▁E rot ic ▁R er uns ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁June ▁ 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁and ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁album ▁to ▁release ▁on ▁the ▁band ' s ▁own ▁im print ▁label ▁" Y e as ayer ▁Records " ▁ ▁Albums ▁ ▁Studio ▁albums ▁ ▁Live ▁albums ▁ ▁Ext ended ▁Pl ays ▁ ▁Singles ▁ ▁Other ▁appearances ▁ ▁Music ▁videos ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁ ▁Category : Dis c ograph ies ▁of ▁American ▁artists ▁Category : R ock ▁music ▁group ▁disc ograph ies ▁Category : Al tern ative ▁rock ▁disc ograph ies <0x0A> </s> ▁Leonard ▁Robert ▁Pal mer ▁( 5 ▁June ▁ 1 9 0 6 , ▁Brist ol ▁– ▁ 2 6 ▁August ▁ 1 9 8 4 , ▁P it ney , ▁Som erset ) ▁was ▁author ▁and ▁Professor ▁of ▁Compar ative ▁Phil ology ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Oxford ▁ ▁from ▁ 1 9 5 2 ▁to ▁ 1 9 7 1 . ▁He ▁was ▁also ▁a ▁Fellow ▁of ▁Wor cester ▁College , ▁Oxford . ▁Pal mer ▁made ▁some ▁significant ▁contributions ▁to ▁the ▁study
▁of ▁Class ical ▁languages , ▁and ▁in ▁the ▁area ▁of ▁historical ▁lingu istics . ▁ ▁Career ▁Pal mer ▁was ▁educated ▁at ▁Card iff ▁High ▁School , ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁South ▁Wales , ▁Tr inity ▁College ▁Cambridge , ▁and ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Vienna . ▁ ▁He ▁started ▁his ▁academic ▁career ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 1 , ▁teaching ▁class ics ▁at ▁Manchester ▁University . ▁He ▁held ▁the ▁Chair ▁of ▁Class ical ▁Liter ature ▁at ▁King ' s ▁College , ▁London ▁between ▁ 1 9 4 5 ▁and ▁ 1 9 4 6 , ▁followed ▁by ▁the ▁Chair ▁of ▁Greek ▁there ▁from ▁ 1 9 4 6 ▁to ▁ 1 9 5 2 . ▁ ▁During ▁World ▁War ▁II , ▁Pal mer ▁worked ▁at ▁the ▁Government ▁Code ▁and ▁C yp her ▁School ▁( GC & CS ) ▁at ▁B let ch ley ▁Park , ▁at ▁the ▁so - called ▁H ut ▁ 4 . ▁Their ▁work ▁was ▁the ▁translation , ▁interpretation ▁and ▁distribution ▁of ▁enemy ▁messages . ▁ ▁A ▁strong ▁focus ▁of ▁Pal mer ' s ▁work ▁was ▁the ▁Greek ▁lingu istics , ▁and ▁in ▁particular ▁the ▁language ▁and ▁dating ▁of ▁the ▁My c ena e an ▁Line ar ▁B ▁table ts . ▁ ▁He ▁also ▁re se ar ched ▁the ▁pre - G reek ▁languages ▁in ▁the ▁A e ge an ▁Sea ▁area , ▁their ▁origin ▁and ▁chron ology . ▁Pal mer ▁also ▁wrote ▁an ▁influential ▁historical ▁and ▁lingu istic ▁survey ▁of ▁the ▁Latin ▁language ; ▁he ▁later ▁followed ▁this ▁with ▁a ▁companion ▁work
▁on ▁the ▁Greek ▁language , ▁focusing ▁on ▁its ▁development ▁from ▁Line ar ▁B ▁and ▁its ▁evolution ▁into ▁multiple ▁dialect s ▁throughout ▁the ▁A e ge an ▁region . ▁▁ ▁Pal mer ▁played ▁a ▁role ▁in ▁the ▁controvers ies ▁over ▁the ▁dating ▁of ▁archae ological ▁finds ▁from ▁M ino an ▁Cre te , ▁where ▁he ▁disag reed ▁with ▁the ▁exc av ator , ▁Sir ▁Arthur ▁Evans , ▁and ▁fav oured ▁a ▁later ▁date . ▁ ▁In ▁his ▁book ▁" Des cript ive ▁& ▁Compar ative ▁L ingu istics " ▁( 1 9 7 2 ), ▁among ▁other ▁things , ▁he ▁took ▁issue ▁with ▁the ▁Ch om sk ian ▁lingu istics . ▁ ▁Pro to - G reek ▁studies ▁Pal mer ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁lingu ists ▁who ▁were ▁investig ating ▁the ▁theories ▁that ▁some ▁unknown ▁language ▁or ▁languages ▁were ▁spoken ▁in ▁pre hist oric ▁Greece ▁before ▁the ▁settlement ▁of ▁Pro to - G reek ▁speakers ▁in ▁the ▁area . ▁So ▁this ▁is ▁the ▁question ▁of ▁an ▁ancient ▁lingu istic ▁Pre - G reek ▁substr ate ▁in ▁Greece . ▁According ▁to ▁Pal mer , ▁this ▁may ▁have ▁been ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁ancient ▁An at ol ian ▁languages , ▁perhaps ▁a ▁Lu w ian ▁language . ▁He ▁suggested ▁that ▁the ▁language ▁of ▁Line ar ▁A ▁might ▁be ▁Lu w ian ▁on ▁the ▁basis ▁of ▁- ss - ▁and ▁- nd - ▁( cor respon ding ▁to ▁- ss - ▁and ▁- n th - ▁in ▁main land ▁Greece ) ▁plac en ames ▁being ▁widespread ▁in ▁Western
▁An at olia . ▁ ▁Hon ours ▁Pal mer ▁was ▁elected ▁Secretary ▁and ▁then ▁President ▁of ▁the ▁British ▁Phil ological ▁Society . ▁He ▁was ▁also ▁a ▁corresponding ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁De uts ches ▁Arch ä olog isches ▁Institut . ▁In ▁ 1 9 8 1 , ▁he ▁received ▁an ▁honor ary ▁doctor ate ▁from ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁In ns bru ck . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁O BIT U ARY : ▁PRO F ▁LE ON ARD ▁P AL M ER ▁The ▁Times , ▁ 2 9 ▁August ▁ 1 9 8 4 ▁Mor pur go ▁Dav ies , ▁A . ▁and ▁Me id , ▁W . ▁( eds ), ▁Studies ▁in ▁Greek , ▁Ital ic ▁and ▁Ind o - Europe an ▁L ingu istics ▁offered ▁to ▁Leonard ▁R . ▁Pal mer ▁on ▁the ▁occasion ▁of ▁his ▁sevent i eth ▁Birth day . ▁In ns bru ck ▁ 1 9 7 6 . ▁ ▁Public ations ▁The ▁Greek ▁language ▁( The ▁Great ▁languages ) ▁by ▁Leonard ▁Robert ▁Pal mer , ▁ 3 5 5 ▁P ages , ▁Published ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁by ▁Human ities ▁Press ▁ ▁Des cript ive ▁& ▁Compar ative ▁L ingu istics ▁( Updated ) ▁A ▁Crit ical ▁Introduction ▁( Stud ies ▁in ▁General ▁L ingu istics ) ▁by ▁Leonard ▁R . ▁Pal mer , ▁Paper back , ▁ 4 3 0 ▁P ages , ▁Published ▁ 1 9 7 9 ▁by ▁Fab er ▁& ▁Fab er ▁ ▁The ▁Latin ▁Language . ▁by ▁Leonard ▁Robert ▁Pal mer . ▁Paper back
, ▁ 3 7 2 ▁P ages , ▁Published ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁by ▁University ▁Of ▁Oklahoma ▁Press . ▁ ▁New ▁Guide ▁to ▁the ▁Palace ▁of ▁Kn oss os . ▁by ▁Leonard ▁R . ▁Pal mer , ▁L . R ▁Pal mer ▁Hard cover , ▁ 1 4 4 ▁P ages , ▁Published ▁ 1 9 6 9 ▁by ▁Fab er ▁And ▁Fab er ▁ ▁Leonard ▁Robert ▁Pal mer , ▁Inter pret ation ▁of ▁My c ena e an ▁Greek ▁Text s ▁( O x ford ▁University ▁Press ▁academic ▁mon ograph ▁re prints ) ▁ ▁Leonard ▁Robert ▁Pal mer , ▁On ▁the ▁Kn oss os ▁table ts : ▁The ▁find - pl aces ▁of ▁the ▁Kn oss os ▁table ts . ▁Book , ▁ 1 9 6 3 . ▁ 2 5 1 ▁p . ▁Leonard ▁Robert ▁Pal mer , ▁My c ena e ans ▁and ▁M ino ans ; ▁A e ge an ▁pre history ▁in ▁the ▁light ▁of ▁the ▁Line ar ▁B ▁table ts . ▁ 2 d ▁rev . ▁ed . ▁ 1 9 6 5 . ▁ 3 6 8 ▁p ▁Leonard ▁Robert ▁Pal mer , ▁A ▁gram mar ▁of ▁the ▁post - P to le ma ic ▁p apy ri ▁( 1 5 ▁ed itions ▁published ▁between ▁ 1 9 4 5 ▁and ▁ 1 9 4 8 ) ▁Leonard ▁Robert ▁Pal mer , ▁The ▁language ▁of ▁Hom er ▁( 1 9 6 2 ) ▁Leonard ▁Robert ▁Pal mer , ▁A e ge an ▁chron ology ▁(
1 9 8 4 ) ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁World Cat ▁library ▁catalog ▁of ▁academic ▁publications ▁by ▁Robert ▁Pal mer ▁( over ▁ 3 0 0 ▁results ) ▁ ▁Category : L ingu ists ▁from ▁the ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁Category : B rit ish ▁phil ologists ▁Category : Ind o - Europe an ists ▁Category : 1 9 0 6 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 8 4 ▁deaths ▁Category : Die bold ▁Profess ors ▁of ▁Compar ative ▁Phil ology ▁Category : F ell ows ▁of ▁Wor cester ▁College , ▁Oxford <0x0A> </s> ▁G ros olan us ▁or ▁G ross olan us , ▁born ▁Peter , ▁was ▁the ▁Arch b ishop ▁of ▁Milan ▁from ▁ 1 1 0 2 ▁to ▁ 1 1 1 2 . ▁He ▁succeeded ▁An sel m IV , ▁who ▁had ▁made ▁him ▁vic ar ▁during ▁his ▁absence ▁on ▁the ▁Cr us ade ▁of ▁ 1 1 0 1 , ▁and ▁was ▁succeeded ▁by ▁Jordan , ▁who ▁had ▁been ▁his ▁sub de acon . ▁ ▁G ros olan us ▁was ▁the ▁ab bot ▁of ▁Ferr ania ▁and ▁already ▁Bishop ▁of ▁Sav ona ▁when ▁An sel m ▁appointed ▁him ▁to ▁act ▁as ▁his ▁vic ar ▁during ▁the ▁cr us ade . ▁ ▁G ros olan us ▁was ▁accused ▁of ▁sim ony ▁in ▁obtaining ▁the ▁Amb ros ian ▁see ▁by ▁the ▁priest ▁Lip rand , ▁who ▁proceed ed ▁through ▁the ▁or de al ▁of ▁fire ▁to ▁prove ▁his ▁charges . ▁This ▁tale ▁is ▁probably ▁an ▁invention ▁of ▁Land ol fo ▁I
uni ore , ▁bearing ▁little ▁re sembl ance ▁to ▁reality , ▁save ▁the ▁fact ▁that ▁G ros olan us ▁was ▁opposed ▁by ▁a ▁strong ▁f action ▁in ▁the ▁city . ▁Even ▁in ▁modern ▁times , ▁though , ▁it ▁has ▁served ▁as ▁the ▁inspiration ▁of ▁a ▁song ▁by ▁En zo ▁J ann acci . ▁ ▁The ▁arch b ishop ▁was ▁still ▁emb att led ▁when , ▁in ▁ 1 1 1 1 , ▁he ▁decided ▁to ▁go ▁on ▁a ▁pil gr image ▁to ▁Out re mer . ▁Almost ▁immediately ▁a ▁council ▁of ▁equal ▁numbers ▁of ▁supporters ▁and ▁opponents ▁of ▁the ▁arch b ishop ▁conven ed ▁in ▁his ▁absence ▁and , ▁depos ing ▁him , ▁elected ▁Jordan ▁of ▁Cl iv io ▁in ▁his ▁place ▁on ▁New ▁Year ' s ▁Day . ▁Of ▁all ▁Milan ' s ▁suff rag ans , ▁only ▁At to , ▁Bishop ▁of ▁Ac qu i , ▁and ▁Ar der ic , ▁Bishop ▁of ▁L odi , ▁refused ▁to ▁do ▁hom age ▁to ▁the ▁new ▁b ishop ▁and ▁remained ▁loyal ▁to ▁G ros olan us . ▁On ▁ 6 De cember , ▁Main ard , ▁Bishop ▁of ▁Tur in , ▁formally ▁de posed ▁G ros olan us ▁at ▁the ▁alt ar ▁in ▁S . ▁Amb rog io . ▁ ▁In ▁August ▁ 1 1 1 3 , ▁G ros olan us ▁returned ▁from ▁his ▁pil gr image . ▁T ensions ▁were ▁raised ▁in ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁Milan , ▁where ▁the ▁old ▁arch b ishop ▁still ▁had ▁some ▁supporters . ▁Finally ,
▁on ▁ 1 1 M arch ▁ 1 1 1 6 , ▁Pope ▁Pas ch al II ▁declared ▁G ros olan us ' ▁transfer ral ▁from ▁the ▁see ▁of ▁Sav ona ▁to ▁that ▁of ▁Milan ▁to ▁be ▁invalid ▁and ▁thus ▁null . ▁He ▁was ▁transferred ▁back ▁to ▁Sav ona ▁and ▁Jordan ▁was ▁pap ally ▁confirmed ▁as ▁the ▁legitimate ▁Amb ros ian ▁pont iff ▁for ▁a ▁second ▁time . ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁S ources ▁ ▁Set ton , ▁K . ▁M . ▁( 1 9 5 6 ). ▁" The ▁By z antine ▁Background ▁to ▁the ▁Italian ▁Rena issance ". ▁Pro ceed ings ▁of ▁the ▁American ▁Philosoph ical ▁Society , ▁ 1 0 0 : 1 , ▁pp . 1 – 7 6 . ▁Land ul phi ▁Junior is ▁s ive ▁de ▁San ct o ▁Paulo ▁Historia ▁Med i olan ensis ▁ab ▁an no ▁M X CV ▁us que ▁ad ▁ann um ▁MC XX X V II . ▁translated ▁( It al ian ) ▁by ▁Carlo ▁Cast ig l ioni . ▁Z an iche lli : ▁B olog na , ▁ 1 9 3 4 . ▁Alfred o ▁Luc ioni , ▁" G ross ol ano ", ▁in ▁D iz ion ario ▁della ▁Ch iesa ▁Amb ros iana . ▁vol . ▁ 3 , ▁pp . 1 5 3 1 – 1 5 3 2 . ▁N ED : ▁Milan , ▁ 1 9 8 9 . ▁Piet ro ▁Ver ri , ▁St oria ▁di ▁Mil ano , ▁ 1
7 9 8 ▁- ▁Tom o ▁I , ▁pp . 1 4 9 – 1 5 4 ▁( cap . ▁VI ) ▁Car av ale , ▁Mario ▁( ed ). ▁D iz ion ario ▁Bi ograf ico ▁degli ▁Italian i : ▁L X ▁G ros so ▁– ▁G ug l iel mo ▁da ▁For l ì . ▁Rome , ▁ 2 0 0 3 . ▁ ▁Category : Arch b ish ops ▁of ▁Milan ▁Category : 1 2 th - century ▁Roman ▁Catholic ▁arch b ish ops ▁Category : B ish ops ▁of ▁Sav ona ▁Category : It al ian ▁ab b ots ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁birth ▁missing ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁death ▁missing ▁Category : Place ▁of ▁birth ▁missing <0x0A> </s> ▁David ▁Gren v old ▁( born ▁ 6 ▁March ▁ 1 9 6 6 ) ▁is ▁a ▁former ▁Australian ▁rules ▁football er ▁who ▁played ▁with ▁Ess end on ▁in ▁the ▁Australian ▁Football ▁League ▁( A FL ). ▁ ▁Origin ally ▁from ▁B ord ert own , ▁South ▁Australia , ▁Gren v old ▁debut ▁for ▁Glen el g ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 4 ▁as ▁an ▁ 1 8 ▁year ▁old , ▁he ▁would ▁continue ▁to ▁play ▁on ▁with ▁Glen el g ▁as ▁a ▁solid ▁def ender ▁until ▁ 1 9 8 8 , ▁missing ▁out ▁on ▁the ▁ 1 9 8 5 ▁and ▁ 8 6 ▁prem iers hip ▁teams . ▁At ▁age ▁ 2 1 ▁he ▁was ▁draft ed ▁to ▁Ess end on ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9
8 7 ▁V FL ▁national ▁draft ▁at ▁pick ▁ 4 5 . ▁ ▁He ▁played ▁ 1 2 ▁games ▁in ▁his ▁debut ▁season ▁and ▁the ▁following ▁year ▁played ▁every ▁game , ▁except ▁for ▁a ▁two - week ▁suspension ▁however ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁he ▁injured ▁his ▁knee ▁in ▁a ▁practice ▁game ▁at ▁Mo or ab bin ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁and ▁didn ' t ▁play ▁a ▁game ▁that ▁season . ▁Gren v old ▁would ▁come ▁back ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁with ▁ 1 1 ▁games ▁then ▁played ▁every ▁game ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁including ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁Grand ▁Final ▁win ▁over ▁Carl ton . ▁He ▁would ▁play ▁ 1 8 ▁games ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 4 ▁and ▁ 2 3 ▁games ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 5 ▁but ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁he ▁would ▁only ▁manage ▁ 1 ▁game ▁due ▁to ▁injury ▁after ▁which ▁Gren v old ▁retired ▁from ▁the ▁A FL . ▁Gren v old ▁played ▁in ▁the ▁back line ▁for ▁Ess end on ▁where ▁he ▁was ▁a ▁consistent , ▁rug ged ▁contributor ▁he ▁appeared ▁ 1 1 2 ▁times ▁for ▁the ▁club , ▁including ▁their ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁Grand ▁Final ▁win . ▁He ▁also ▁represented ▁South ▁Australia ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 3 . ▁ ▁Gren v old ▁came ▁back ▁to ▁Glen el g ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 7 , ▁playing ▁until ▁ 1 9 9 9 . ▁He ▁would ▁finish ▁with ▁ 1
0 1 ▁games ▁and ▁ 2 0 ▁goals ▁for ▁the ▁B ays . ▁After ▁football ▁Gren v old ▁held ▁roles ▁at ▁the ▁Ad ela ide ▁Football ▁Club ▁and ▁Gre ater ▁Western ▁Sydney . ▁He ▁is ▁currently ▁the ▁Chief ▁Executive ▁Officer ▁of ▁West ▁Ad ela ide ▁Football ▁Club . ▁ ▁Statistics ▁ ▁\| - ▁\| - ▁style =" background - color : ▁# E AE AE A " ▁! ▁scope =" row " ▁style =" text - align : center " ▁\| ▁ 1 9 8 9 ▁\| style =" text - align : center ;" \| ▁\| ▁ 2 9 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 2 ▁\|\| ▁ 2 ▁\|\| ▁ 2 ▁\|\| ▁ 8 2 ▁\|\| ▁ 6 9 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 5 1 ▁\|\| ▁ 2 5 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 4 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 . 2 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 . 2 ▁\|\| ▁ 6 . 8 ▁\|\| ▁ 5 . 8 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 2 . 6 ▁\|\| ▁ 2 . 1 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 . 2 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 ▁\| - ▁! ▁scope =" row " ▁style =" text - align : center " ▁\| ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁\| style =" text - align : center ;" \| ▁\| ▁ 2 9 ▁\|\| ▁ 2 3 ▁\|\| ▁ 3 ▁\|\| ▁ 6 ▁\|\| ▁ 2 1 0 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 6 3 ▁\|\| ▁ 3 7 3 ▁\|\| ▁ 6 4 ▁\|\| ▁ 3 1 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 . 1 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 . 3 ▁\|\| ▁ 9 . 1
▁\|\| ▁ 7 . 1 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 6 . 2 ▁\|\| ▁ 2 . 8 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 . 3 ▁\|\| ▁ 6 ▁\| - ▁style =" background - color : ▁# E AE AE A " ▁! ▁scope =" row " ▁style =" text - align : center " ▁\| ▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁\| style =" text - align : center ;" \| ▁\| ▁ 2 9 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 ▁\|\| ▁— ▁\|\| ▁— ▁\|\| ▁— ▁\|\| ▁— ▁\|\| ▁— ▁\|\| ▁— ▁\|\| ▁— ▁\|\| ▁— ▁\|\| ▁— ▁\|\| ▁— ▁\|\| ▁— ▁\|\| ▁— ▁\|\| ▁— ▁\|\| ▁— ▁\|\| ▁— ▁\| - ▁! ▁scope =" row " ▁style =" text - align : center " ▁\| ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁\| style =" text - align : center ;" \| ▁\| ▁ 2 9 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 1 ▁\|\| ▁ 2 ▁\|\| ▁ 4 ▁\|\| ▁ 7 0 ▁\|\| ▁ 6 1 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 3 1 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 9 ▁\|\| ▁ 9 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 . 2 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 . 4 ▁\|\| ▁ 6 . 4 ▁\|\| ▁ 5 . 5 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 1 . 9 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 . 7 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 . 8 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 ▁\| - ▁style =" background - color : ▁# E AE AE A " ▁\| style =" text - align : center ; background : # a fe 6 ba ;" \| 1 9 9 3 † ▁\| style =" text - align : center
;" \| ▁\| ▁ 2 9 ▁\|\| ▁ 2 4 ▁\|\| ▁ 7 ▁\|\| ▁ 4 ▁\|\| ▁ 2 1 4 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 4 2 ▁\|\| ▁ 3 5 6 ▁\|\| ▁ 6 9 ▁\|\| ▁ 2 8 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 . 3 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 . 2 ▁\|\| ▁ 8 . 9 ▁\|\| ▁ 5 . 9 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 4 . 8 ▁\|\| ▁ 2 . 9 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 . 2 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 ▁\| - ▁! ▁scope =" row " ▁style =" text - align : center " ▁\| ▁ 1 9 9 4 ▁\| style =" text - align : center ;" \| ▁\| ▁ 2 9 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 8 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 ▁\|\| ▁ 2 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 2 0 ▁\|\| ▁ 7 8 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 9 8 ▁\|\| ▁ 3 6 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 5 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 . 1 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 . 1 ▁\|\| ▁ 6 . 7 ▁\|\| ▁ 4 . 3 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 1 . 0 ▁\|\| ▁ 2 . 0 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 . 8 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 ▁\| - ▁style =" background - color : ▁# E AE AE A " ▁! ▁scope =" row " ▁style =" text - align : center " ▁\| ▁ 1 9 9 5 ▁\| style =" text - align : center ;" \| ▁\| ▁ 2 9 ▁\|\| ▁ 2 3 ▁\|\| ▁ 3 ▁\|\| ▁ 2 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 4 3 ▁\|\| ▁ 8 5 ▁\|\| ▁ 2
2 8 ▁\|\| ▁ 5 2 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 5 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 . 1 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 . 1 ▁\|\| ▁ 6 . 2 ▁\|\| ▁ 3 . 7 ▁\|\| ▁ 9 . 9 ▁\|\| ▁ 2 . 3 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 . 7 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 ▁\| - ▁! ▁scope =" row " ▁style =" text - align : center " ▁\| ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁\| style =" text - align : center ;" \| ▁\| ▁ 2 9 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 ▁\|\| ▁ 6 ▁\|\| ▁ 5 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 1 ▁\|\| ▁ 2 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 . 0 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 . 0 ▁\|\| ▁ 6 . 0 ▁\|\| ▁ 5 . 0 ▁\|\| ▁ 1 1 . 0 ▁\|\| ▁ 2 . 0 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 . 0 ▁\|\| ▁ 0 ▁\| - ▁class =" sort bottom " ▁! ▁col span = 3 \| ▁Career ▁! ▁ 1 1 2 ▁! ▁ 1 8 ▁! ▁ 2 0 ▁! ▁ 8 4 5 ▁! ▁ 6 0 3 ▁! ▁ 1 4 4 8 ▁! ▁ 2 6 7 ▁! ▁ 1 1 2 ▁! ▁ 0 . 2 ▁! ▁ 0 . 2 ▁! ▁ 7 . 5 ▁! ▁ 5 . 4 ▁! ▁ 1 2 . 9 ▁! ▁ 2 . 4 ▁! ▁ 1 . 0 ▁! ▁ 6 ▁\| } ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Category : 1 9
6 6 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Austral ian ▁rules ▁football ers ▁from ▁South ▁Australia ▁Category : E ss end on ▁Football ▁Club ▁players ▁Category : G len el g ▁Football ▁Club ▁players ▁Category : South ▁Australian ▁State ▁of ▁Origin ▁players <0x0A> </s> ▁Five ▁T ango ▁S ens ations ▁is ▁a ▁suite ▁of ▁works ▁( As leep — L oving — An x iety — Des pert ar — F ear ) ▁for ▁band one ón ▁and ▁string ▁quart et ▁written ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 9 ▁by ▁Argent ine ▁composer ▁Á st or ▁P ia zz oll a . ▁It ▁was ▁premier ed ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁that ▁year ▁and ▁recorded ▁immediately ▁afterwards ▁by ▁the ▁K ron os ▁Qu art et ▁and ▁the ▁composer , ▁who ▁played ▁the ▁band one ón . ▁The ▁record ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁a ▁set ▁of ▁three ▁internation ally ▁t ing ed ▁albums ▁released ▁simultaneously , ▁the ▁Argent ine ▁music ▁of ▁this ▁album ▁being ▁accompanied ▁by ▁the ▁music ▁of ▁South - A fr ican ▁composer ▁Kevin ▁Vol ans ▁on ▁Kevin ▁Vol ans : ▁Hun ting : G ather ing ▁and ▁the ▁music ▁of ▁Polish ▁composer ▁W it old ▁L ut os ław ski ▁on ▁W it old ▁L ut os ław ski : ▁String ▁Qu art et . ▁ ▁The ▁K ron os ▁Qu art et ▁and ▁Á st or ▁P ia zz oll a ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 8 7 , ▁K ron os ' s ▁executive ▁producer , ▁Robert ▁Hur w itz
, ▁had ▁taken ▁P ia zz oll a , ▁who ▁was ▁on ▁an ▁extended ▁stay ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁City , ▁to ▁see ▁the ▁quart et ▁perform . ▁Back stage , ▁after ▁P ia zz oll a ▁paid ▁his ▁compl iments ▁to ▁the ▁quart et , ▁viol in ist ▁David ▁Har ring ton ▁asked ▁if ▁he ▁could ▁call ▁him ▁in ▁a ▁few ▁days ; ▁when ▁Har ring ton ▁called , ▁P ia zz oll a ▁had ▁already ▁composed ▁" F our , ▁For ▁T ango " ▁for ▁them . ▁( The ▁quart et ▁still ▁plays ▁the ▁piece ▁from ▁phot oc op ies ▁of ▁P ia zz oll a ' s ▁original ▁score .) ▁The ▁quart et ▁recorded ▁the ▁piece ▁in ▁November ▁ 1 9 8 7 ▁for ▁their ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁album ▁Winter ▁Was ▁Hard . ▁They ▁continued ▁their ▁collaboration ▁in ▁live ▁performance ; ▁as ▁late ▁as ▁June ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁P ia zz oll a ▁and ▁the ▁quart et ▁performed ▁together ▁at ▁a ▁festival ▁in ▁Germany . ▁ ▁The ▁five ▁compos itions ▁on ▁this ▁album , ▁" a ▁musical ▁fare well ▁to ▁life ," ▁date ▁from ▁ 1 9 8 9 , ▁and ▁were ▁written ▁after ▁P ia zz oll a ▁experienced ▁a ▁grave ▁illness . ▁They ▁were ▁premier ed ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁at ▁Alice ▁T ully ▁Hall ▁on ▁ 2 5 ▁November ▁ 1 9 8 9 , ▁P ia zz oll a ▁having ▁fl own ▁to ▁New ▁York ▁to ▁play ▁with ▁the ▁quart et ▁for ▁the ▁premi
ere ▁and ▁the ▁subsequent ▁record ings , ▁which ▁were ▁done ▁in ▁a ▁three - hour ▁session ▁at ▁the ▁Power ▁Station ▁in ▁Manhattan . ▁Har ring ton ▁remarked ▁that ▁this ▁was ▁the ▁short est ▁recording ▁session ▁they ▁had ▁ever ▁done , ▁and ▁the ▁quart et ▁noted ▁a ▁" cent ered ▁stern ness " ▁in ▁P ia zz oll a : ▁according ▁to ▁Har ring ton , ▁" he ▁pulled ▁the ▁music ▁out ▁of ▁K ron os ." ▁ ▁The ▁session ▁with ▁the ▁K ron os ▁Qu art et ▁proved ▁to ▁be ▁his ▁last ▁studio ▁recording : ▁P ia zz oll a , ▁who ▁had ▁revolution ized ▁the ▁traditional ▁t ango ▁creating ▁a ▁new ▁style , ▁the ▁nuevo ▁t ango , ▁died ▁on ▁ 4 ▁July ▁ 1 9 9 2 . ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁ ▁Crit ical ▁reception ▁ ▁All an ▁K oz inn , ▁review ing ▁the ▁compos itions ▁for ▁The ▁New ▁York ▁Times ▁after ▁their ▁premi ere ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 9 , ▁called ▁them ▁" a ▁set ▁of ▁charming ly ▁melod ic ▁tang os ▁in ▁which ▁the ▁group ▁supplied ▁an ▁accompan iment ▁to ▁the ▁composer ' s ▁urb ane ▁performances ▁on ▁the ▁accord ion like ▁band one on ." ▁Adam ▁Green berg ▁remarks ▁in ▁his ▁review ▁on ▁All mus ic ▁that ▁" P ia zz oll a ▁plays ▁his ▁heart ▁out ▁on ▁his ▁trust y ▁band one on , ▁and ▁the ▁K ron os ▁players ▁accompany ▁to ▁perfection ." ▁Michael ▁Bar rett , ▁in ▁the ▁San ▁Antonio
▁Express - News , ▁calls ▁it ▁a ▁" work ▁of ▁tragic ▁beauty ." ▁ ▁Person nel ▁ ▁Mus icians ▁David ▁Har ring ton ▁– ▁viol in ▁John ▁Sher ba ▁– ▁viol in ▁H ank ▁D utt ▁– ▁viol a ▁Joan ▁Jean ren aud ▁– ▁cell o ▁Á st or ▁P ia zz oll a ▁– ▁band one ón ▁ ▁Production ▁Record ed ▁and ▁mixed ▁at ▁Power ▁Station , ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁Jud ith ▁Sher man , ▁Rob ▁E aton , ▁Dave ▁O ' Don nell , ▁Dan ▁G ell ert ▁– ▁engineers ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁K ron os ▁Qu art et ▁disc ography ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 9 1 ▁albums ▁Category : K ron os ▁Qu art et ▁albums ▁Category : N ones uch ▁Records ▁albums ▁Category : T ango ▁albums <0x0A> </s> ▁B ä ren thal ▁is ▁a ▁small ▁municip ality ▁in ▁the ▁valley ▁of ▁river ▁B ä ra , ▁West ▁Sw ab ian ▁Alb , ▁district ▁of ▁T utt ling en ▁in ▁B aden - W ür tt ember g ▁in ▁Germany . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : T utt ling en ▁( d istrict ) ▁Category : Prov ince ▁of ▁Ho hen z oll ern <0x0A> </s> ▁Relig ious ▁natural ism ▁comb ines ▁a ▁natural ist ▁world view ▁with ▁ide als , ▁per ceptions , ▁traditions , ▁and ▁values ▁that ▁have ▁been ▁tradition ally ▁associated ▁with ▁many ▁relig ions ▁or ▁religious ▁institutions . ▁" Rel igious ▁natural ism ▁is ▁a ▁perspective ▁that ▁finds ▁religious ▁meaning
▁in ▁the ▁natural ▁world ▁and ▁reject s ▁the ▁notion ▁of ▁a ▁super natural ▁realm ." ▁The ▁term ▁" rel igious " ▁in ▁this ▁context ▁is ▁constru ed ▁in ▁general ▁terms , ▁separate ▁from ▁the ▁traditions , ▁customs , ▁or ▁beliefs ▁of ▁any ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁established ▁relig ions . ▁▁ ▁Are as ▁of ▁in quiry ▁include ▁attempts ▁to ▁understand ▁the ▁natural ▁world ▁and ▁the ▁spiritual ▁and ▁moral ▁implications ▁of ▁natural ist ▁views . ▁Under standing ▁is ▁based ▁on ▁knowledge ▁obtained ▁through ▁scientific ▁in quiry , ▁and ▁insights ▁from ▁the ▁human ities ▁and ▁the ▁arts . ▁Relig ious ▁natural ists ▁use ▁these ▁pers pectives ▁when ▁they ▁respond ▁to ▁personal ▁and ▁social ▁challenges ▁( e . g . ▁finding ▁purpose , ▁seeking ▁justice , ▁coming ▁to ▁terms ▁with ▁mort ality ) ▁and ▁concerning ▁the ▁natural ▁world . ▁ ▁Over view ▁ ▁Natural ism ▁All ▁forms ▁of ▁religious ▁natural ism , ▁being ▁natural istic ▁in ▁their ▁basic ▁beliefs , ▁assert ▁that ▁the ▁natural ▁world ▁is ▁the ▁center ▁of ▁our ▁most ▁significant ▁experiences ▁and ▁understand ings . ▁Con sequently , ▁Nature ▁is ▁looked ▁at ▁as ▁the ▁ultimate ▁value ▁in ▁assess ing ▁one ' s ▁being . ▁Despite ▁having ▁followed ▁differ ing ▁cultural ▁and ▁individual ▁paths , ▁religious ▁natural ists ▁affirm ▁the ▁human ▁need ▁for ▁meaning ▁and ▁value ▁in ▁their ▁lives . ▁They ▁draw ▁on ▁two ▁fundamental ▁conv ictions ▁in ▁those ▁quest s : ▁the ▁sense ▁of ▁Nature ' s ▁rich ness , ▁spectacular ▁complexity , ▁and ▁fert ility , ▁and ▁the ▁recognition ▁that ▁Nature ▁is ▁the ▁only
▁realm ▁in ▁which ▁people ▁live ▁out ▁their ▁lives . ▁Hum ans ▁are ▁considered ▁inter connected ▁to ▁various ▁parts ▁of ▁Nature . ▁ ▁Science ▁is ▁a ▁fundamental , ▁ind isp ens able ▁component ▁of ▁the ▁parad ig m ▁of ▁religious ▁natural ism . ▁It ▁rel ies ▁on ▁mainstream ▁science ▁to ▁reinforce ▁religious ▁and ▁spiritual ▁pers pectives . ▁Science ▁is ▁the ▁primary ▁interpret ive ▁tool ▁for ▁religious ▁natural ism ▁because ▁scientific ▁methods ▁provide ▁the ▁most ▁reliable ▁understanding ▁of ▁Nature ▁and ▁the ▁world , ▁including ▁human ▁nature . ▁ ▁Relig ious ▁ ▁Relig ious ▁natural ists ▁use ▁the ▁term ▁" rel igious " ▁to ▁refer ▁to ▁an ▁attitude ▁of ▁being ▁appreci ative ▁of ▁and ▁interested ▁in ▁concerns ▁that ▁have ▁long ▁been ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁relig ions . ▁These ▁include : ▁ ▁A ▁spiritual ▁sense , ▁which ▁may ▁include ▁a ▁sense ▁of ▁mystery ▁or ▁wonder ▁or ▁feelings ▁of ▁rever ence ▁or ▁a we ▁in ▁response ▁to ▁the ▁scope ▁and ▁power ▁and ▁beauty ▁of ▁the ▁natural ▁world . ▁ ▁A ▁moral ▁sense ▁with ▁compassion , ▁desire ▁for ▁justice , ▁and ▁attempts ▁to ▁do ▁what ▁is ▁right — con cer ning ▁other ▁people , ▁other ▁creatures , ▁and ▁the ▁natural ▁environment ) ▁ ▁As ▁the ▁source ▁of ▁all ▁that ▁is ▁and ▁the ▁reason ▁why ▁all ▁things ▁are ▁as ▁they ▁are , ▁the ▁natural ▁world ▁can ▁be ▁of ▁ut most ▁importance . ▁ ▁As ▁in ▁other ▁religious ▁orient ations , ▁religious ▁natural ism ▁includes ▁a ▁central ▁story , ▁a ▁modern ▁creation ▁myth , ▁to ▁describe ▁humanity ▁and ▁its ▁place ▁in
▁the ▁world . ▁This ▁story ▁begins ▁with ▁the ▁Big ▁Bang ▁and ▁the ▁emer gence ▁of ▁galaxies , ▁stars , ▁planets , ▁life , ▁and ▁evolution ▁that ▁led ▁to ▁the ▁emer gence ▁of ▁human ▁beings . ▁Taking ▁this ▁insight ▁into ▁the ▁being ▁and ▁origin ▁of ▁humans , ▁religious ▁natural ists ▁look ▁to ▁the ▁natural ▁world , ▁as ▁the ▁source ▁of ▁human ▁intelligence ▁and ▁incl inations , ▁for ▁information ▁and ▁insights ▁that ▁may ▁help ▁to ▁understand ▁and ▁respond ▁to ▁un ans w ered ▁philosoph ical ▁questions ▁such ▁as ▁: ▁▁▁ ▁Why ▁do ▁we ▁want ▁what ▁we ▁want ? ▁ ▁Why ▁do ▁we ▁do ▁the ▁things ▁we ▁do ? ▁ ▁What ▁might ▁we ▁try ▁to ▁point ▁ourselves ▁toward ? ▁ ▁Furthermore , ▁religious ▁natural ists ▁try ▁to ▁find ▁ways ▁to ▁minimize ▁problems ▁( both ▁intern ally ▁and ▁extern ally ), ▁to ▁allow ▁us ▁to ▁better ▁ourselves , ▁and ▁relate ▁to ▁others ▁and ▁the ▁world ▁we ▁are ▁part ▁of . ▁ ▁When ▁discussing ▁dist in ctions ▁between ▁religious ▁natural ists ▁and ▁sec ular ▁natural ists , ▁L oyal ▁R ue ▁said : ▁" I ▁regard ▁a ▁religious ▁or ▁spiritual ▁person ▁to ▁be ▁one ▁who ▁takes ▁ultimate ▁concerns ▁to ▁heart ." ▁He ▁noted ▁that , ▁while ▁" plain ▁old " ▁natural ists ▁are ▁concerned ▁with ▁mor als ▁and ▁may ▁have ▁emotional ▁responses ▁to ▁the ▁myster ies ▁and ▁w onders ▁of ▁the ▁world , ▁those ▁who ▁describe ▁themselves ▁as ▁religious ▁natural ists ▁take ▁it ▁more ▁" to ▁heart " ▁and ▁show ▁an ▁active ▁interest ▁in ▁this ▁area . ▁
▁History ▁Core ▁themes ▁in ▁religious ▁natural ism ▁have ▁been ▁present , ▁in ▁varied ▁cultures , ▁for ▁centuries . ▁But ▁active ▁discussion , ▁with ▁the ▁use ▁of ▁this ▁name , ▁is ▁relatively ▁recent . ▁ ▁Z eno ▁( c . ▁ 3 3 4 ▁– ▁c . ▁ 2 6 2 ▁B CE , ▁a ▁founder ▁of ▁Sto icism ) ▁said : ▁ ▁View s ▁consistent ▁with ▁religious ▁natural ism ▁can ▁be ▁seen ▁in ▁ancient ▁D ao ist ▁texts ▁( e . g ., ▁D ao ▁De ▁J ing ) ▁and ▁some ▁Hindu ▁views ▁( such ▁as ▁God ▁as ▁ ▁N ir g una ▁Bra h man , ▁God ▁without ▁attributes ). ▁They ▁may ▁also ▁be ▁seen ▁in ▁Western ▁images ▁that ▁do ▁not ▁focus ▁on ▁active , ▁personal ▁aspects ▁of ▁God , ▁such ▁as ▁Thomas ▁Aqu inas ' ▁view ▁of ▁God ▁as ▁P ure ▁Act , ▁August ine ' s ▁God ▁as ▁Being ▁It self , ▁and ▁Paul ▁T ill ich ' s ▁view ▁of ▁God ▁as ▁Ground ▁of ▁Being . ▁As ▁Wes ley ▁Wild man ▁has ▁described , ▁views ▁consistent ▁with ▁religious ▁natural ism ▁have ▁long ▁existed ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁unders ide ▁of ▁major ▁religious ▁traditions , ▁often ▁quietly ▁and ▁sometimes ▁in ▁myst ical ▁str ands ▁or ▁intellectual ▁sub - tr ad itions , ▁by ▁practition ers ▁who ▁are ▁not ▁drawn ▁to ▁super natural ▁claims . ▁ ▁The ▁earliest ▁uses ▁of ▁the ▁term , ▁religious ▁natural ism , ▁seem ▁to ▁have ▁occurred ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 8 0 0 s . ▁In
▁ 1 8 4 6 , ▁the ▁American ▁Wh ig ▁Review ▁described ▁" a ▁seem ing ▁' rel igious ▁natural ism '", ▁In ▁ 1 8 6 9 , ▁American ▁Un itarian ▁Association ▁literature ▁adj ud ged :" Rel igious ▁natural ism ▁diff ers ▁from ▁this ▁mainly ▁in ▁the ▁fact ▁that ▁it ▁extends ▁the ▁domain ▁of ▁nature ▁farther ▁out ward ▁into ▁space ▁and ▁time . ▁... It ▁never ▁transc ends ▁nature ". ▁Ludwig ▁Fe uer bach ▁wrote ▁that ▁religious ▁natural ism ▁was ▁" the ▁acknowled g ment ▁of ▁the ▁Div ine ▁in ▁Nature " ▁and ▁also ▁" an ▁element ▁of ▁the ▁Christian ▁religion ", ▁but ▁by ▁no ▁means ▁that ▁religion ' s ▁definit ive ▁" character istic " ▁or ▁" t end ency ". ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 6 4 , ▁Pope ▁P ius IX ▁condem ned ▁religious ▁natural ism ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁seven ▁articles ▁of ▁the ▁Sy ll ab us ▁of ▁Err ors . ▁ ▁Mor dec ai ▁Kap lan ▁( 1 8 8 1 – 1 9 8 3 ), ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁great ▁r abb is ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 th century ▁and ▁the ▁founder ▁of ▁the ▁Jewish ▁Re construction ist ▁movement , ▁was ▁an ▁early ▁advocate ▁of ▁religious ▁natural ism . ▁He ▁believed ▁that ▁a ▁natural istic ▁approach ▁to ▁religion ▁and ▁eth ics ▁was ▁possible ▁in ▁a ▁des ac ral izing ▁world . ▁He ▁saw ▁God ▁as ▁the ▁sum ▁of ▁all - natural ▁processes . ▁ ▁Other ▁verified ▁us ages ▁of ▁the ▁term ▁came ▁in
▁ 1 9 4 0 ▁from ▁George ▁P err igo ▁Cong er ▁and ▁from ▁Ed gar ▁S . ▁Bright man . ▁Short ly ▁there after , ▁H . ▁H . ▁Dub s ▁wrote ▁an ▁article ▁entitled ▁Relig ious ▁Natural ism ▁– ▁an ▁Eval uation ▁, ▁which ▁begins ▁" Rel igious ▁natural ism ▁is ▁today ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁outstanding ▁American ▁philosoph ies ▁of ▁religion ..." ▁and ▁discuss es ▁ideas ▁developed ▁by ▁Henry ▁Nelson ▁W iem an ▁in ▁books ▁that ▁pre date ▁Dub s ' s ▁article ▁by ▁ 2 0 ▁years . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁Jer ome ▁A . ▁Stone ▁wrote ▁The ▁Min imal ist ▁Vision ▁of ▁Trans c end ence ▁explicitly ▁" to ▁sketch ▁a ▁philosophy ▁of ▁religious ▁natural ism ". ▁Use ▁of ▁the ▁term ▁was ▁expanded ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 0 s ▁by ▁L oyal ▁R ue , ▁who ▁was ▁familiar ▁with ▁it ▁from ▁Bright man ' s ▁book . ▁R ue ▁used ▁the ▁term ▁in ▁conversations ▁with ▁several ▁people ▁before ▁ 1 9 9 4 , ▁and ▁subsequent ▁conversations ▁between ▁R ue ▁and ▁Urs ula ▁Good en ough ▁[ both ▁of ▁whom ▁were ▁active ▁in ▁the ▁Institute ▁on ▁Relig ion ▁in ▁an ▁Age ▁of ▁Science ▁( IR AS ) ▁led ▁to ▁Good en ough ' s ▁use ▁in ▁her ▁book ▁The ▁Sac red ▁Dep th s ▁of ▁Nature ▁and ▁by ▁R ue ▁in ▁Relig ion ▁is ▁Not ▁About ▁God ▁and ▁other ▁writ ings . ▁Since ▁ 1 9 9 4 ▁numerous ▁authors ▁have ▁used ▁the
▁phrase ▁or ▁expressed ▁similar ▁thinking . ▁Examples ▁include ▁C het ▁Ray mo , ▁Stuart ▁K au ff man ▁and ▁Karl ▁E . ▁Peters . ▁ ▁Mike ▁Ign at owski ▁states ▁that ▁" there ▁were ▁many ▁religious ▁natural ists ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁half ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 th ▁century ▁and ▁some ▁even ▁before ▁that " ▁but ▁that ▁" rel igious ▁natural ism ▁as ▁a ▁movement ▁didn ' t ▁come ▁into ▁its ▁own ▁until ▁about ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁[ and ] ▁took ▁a ▁major ▁leap ▁forward ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁when ▁Urs ula ▁Good en ough ▁published ▁The ▁Sac red ▁Dep th s ▁of ▁Nature , ▁which ▁is ▁considered ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁founding ▁texts ▁of ▁this ▁movement ." ▁ ▁Bi ologist ▁Urs ula ▁Good en ough ▁states : ▁ ▁Donald ▁C ros by ' s ▁Living ▁with ▁Amb igu ity ▁published ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁has , ▁as ▁its ▁first ▁chapter , ▁" Rel ig ion ▁of ▁Nature ▁as ▁a ▁Form ▁of ▁Relig ious ▁Natural ism ". ▁ ▁L oyal ▁R ue ' s ▁Nature ▁is ▁En ough ▁published ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁discuss es ▁" Rel ig ion ▁Natural ized , ▁Nature ▁San ct ified " ▁and ▁" The ▁Promise ▁of ▁Relig ious ▁Natural ism ". ▁ ▁Relig ious ▁Natural ism ▁Today : ▁The ▁Reb irth ▁of ▁a ▁For got ten ▁Altern ative ▁is ▁a ▁history ▁by ▁Dr . ▁Jer ome ▁A . ▁Stone ▁( Dec . ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁release
) ▁that ▁presents ▁this ▁parad ig m ▁as ▁a ▁once - for got ten ▁option ▁in ▁religious ▁thinking ▁that ▁is ▁making ▁a ▁rapid ▁rev ival . ▁It ▁seeks ▁to ▁explore ▁and ▁encourage ▁religious ▁ways ▁of ▁responding ▁to ▁the ▁world ▁on ▁a ▁completely ▁natural istic ▁basis ▁without ▁a ▁sup reme ▁being ▁or ▁ground ▁of ▁being . ▁This ▁book ▁traces ▁this ▁history ▁and ▁analy zes ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁issues ▁divid ing ▁religious ▁natural ists . ▁It ▁covers ▁the ▁birth ▁of ▁religious ▁natural ism , ▁from ▁George ▁Sant ay ana ▁to ▁Henry ▁Nelson ▁W iem an ▁and ▁briefly ▁expl ores ▁religious ▁natural ism ▁in ▁literature ▁and ▁art . ▁Cont ested ▁issues ▁are ▁discussed ▁including ▁whether ▁nature ' s ▁power ▁or ▁goodness ▁is ▁the ▁focus ▁of ▁attention ▁and ▁also ▁on ▁the ▁appropri aten ess ▁of ▁using ▁the ▁term ▁" God ". ▁The ▁contributions ▁of ▁more ▁than ▁twenty ▁living ▁religious ▁natural ists ▁are ▁presented . ▁The ▁last ▁chapter ▁ends ▁the ▁study ▁by ▁exploring ▁what ▁it ▁is ▁like ▁on ▁the ▁inside ▁to ▁live ▁as ▁a ▁religious ▁natural ist . ▁ ▁C het ▁Ray mo ▁writes ▁that ▁he ▁had ▁come ▁to ▁the ▁same ▁conclusion ▁as ▁Teil hard ▁de ▁Ch ard in : ▁" Gr ace ▁is ▁everywhere ", ▁and ▁that ▁natural istic ▁emer gence ▁is ▁in ▁everything ▁and ▁far ▁more ▁magical ▁than ▁religion - based ▁mir acles . ▁A ▁future ▁hum ank ind ▁religion ▁should ▁be ▁ec umen ical , ▁ec ological , ▁and ▁embrace ▁the ▁story ▁provided ▁by ▁science ▁as ▁the ▁" most ▁reliable ▁cosm ology ". ▁ ▁As
▁P . ▁Roger ▁Gil lette ▁summar izes : ▁ ▁Ten ets ▁Due ▁to ▁the ▁high ▁importance ▁placed ▁on ▁nature , ▁some ▁religious ▁natural ists ▁have ▁a ▁strong ▁sense ▁of ▁st eward ship ▁for ▁the ▁Earth . ▁Luther ▁College ▁professor ▁L oyal ▁R ue ▁has ▁written : ▁Relig ious ▁natural ists ▁will ▁be ▁known ▁for ▁their ▁rever ence ▁and ▁a we ▁before ▁Nature , ▁their ▁love ▁for ▁Nature ▁and ▁natural ▁forms , ▁their ▁sympathy ▁for ▁all ▁living ▁things , ▁their ▁guilt ▁for ▁en larg ing ▁the ▁ec ological ▁foot prints , ▁their ▁pride ▁in ▁reducing ▁them , ▁their ▁sense ▁of ▁gratitude ▁directed ▁towards ▁the ▁matrix ▁of ▁life , ▁their ▁cont empt ▁for ▁those ▁who ▁abstract ▁themselves ▁from ▁natural ▁values , ▁and ▁their ▁solid arity ▁with ▁those ▁who ▁link ▁their ▁self - este em ▁to ▁sustainable ▁living . ▁ ▁Var ieties ▁The ▁literature ▁related ▁to ▁religious ▁natural ism ▁includes ▁many ▁variations ▁in ▁concept ual ▁fr aming . ▁This ▁reflects ▁individual ▁takes ▁on ▁various ▁issues , ▁to ▁some ▁extent ▁various ▁schools ▁of ▁thought , ▁such ▁as ▁basic ▁natural ism , ▁religious ▁human ism , ▁pant he ism , ▁pan ent he ism , ▁and ▁spiritual ▁natural ism ▁that ▁have ▁had ▁time ▁on ▁the ▁concept ual ▁stage , ▁and ▁to ▁some ▁extent ▁differ ing ▁ways ▁of ▁character izing ▁Nature . ▁ ▁The ▁current ▁discussion ▁often ▁rel ates ▁to ▁the ▁issue ▁of ▁whether ▁belief ▁in ▁a ▁God ▁or ▁God - language ▁and ▁associated ▁concepts ▁have ▁any ▁place ▁in ▁a ▁framework ▁that ▁treats ▁the ▁physical ▁universe ▁as ▁its ▁essential
▁frame ▁of ▁reference ▁and ▁the ▁methods ▁of ▁science ▁as ▁providing ▁the ▁pre em inent ▁means ▁for ▁determining ▁what ▁Nature ▁is . ▁There ▁are ▁at ▁least ▁three ▁varieties ▁of ▁religious ▁natural ism , ▁and ▁three ▁similar ▁but ▁somewhat ▁different ▁ways ▁to ▁categor ize ▁them . ▁They ▁are : ▁ ▁An ▁approach ▁to ▁natural ism ▁using ▁the ological ▁language ▁but ▁fundament ally ▁treats ▁God ▁met aphor ically . ▁An ▁approach ▁to ▁natural ism ▁using ▁the ological ▁language , ▁but ▁as ▁either ▁( 1 ) ▁a ▁faith ▁statement ▁or ▁supported ▁by ▁philosoph ical ▁arguments , ▁or ▁( 2 ) ▁both , ▁usually ▁leaving ▁open ▁the ▁question ▁whether ▁that ▁usage ▁as ▁met aphor ▁or ▁refers ▁to ▁the ▁ultimate ▁answer ▁that ▁Nature ▁can ▁be . ▁Ne o - the istic ▁( process ▁the ology , ▁progressive ▁relig ions ) – ▁Gordon ▁K auf man , ▁Karl ▁E . ▁Peters , ▁Ralph ▁Wend ell ▁Bur ho e , ▁Ed mund ▁Robinson ▁Non - the istic ▁( agnostic , ▁natural istic ▁concepts ▁of ▁god ) – ▁Roberts on ▁himself , ▁Stanley ▁Klein , ▁Stuart ▁K au ff man , ▁Natural istic ▁P agan ism . ▁A the istic ▁( no ▁God ▁concept , ▁some ▁modern ▁natural ism , ▁Process ▁Natural ism , ▁C . ▁Robert ▁Mes le , ▁non - mil it ant ▁at he ism , ▁ant it he ism ) – ▁Jer ome ▁A . ▁Stone , ▁Michael ▁C avan augh , ▁Donald ▁A . ▁C ros by , ▁Urs ula ▁Good en ough ,
▁Daniel ▁Den nett ▁A ▁mis cell any ▁of ▁individual ▁pers pectives – ▁Philip ▁He f ner ▁ ▁The ▁first ▁category ▁has ▁as ▁many ▁sub - groups ▁as ▁there ▁are ▁distinct ▁definitions ▁for ▁god . ▁Bel ie vers ▁in ▁a ▁super natural ▁entity ▁( trans c endent ) ▁are ▁by ▁definition ▁not ▁religious ▁natural ists , ▁however ▁the ▁matter ▁of ▁a ▁natural istic ▁concept ▁of ▁God ▁( Im man ence ) ▁is ▁currently ▁deb ated . ▁Strong ▁at he ists ▁are ▁not ▁considered ▁religious ▁natural ists ▁in ▁this ▁different iation . ▁Some ▁individuals ▁call ▁themselves ▁religious ▁natural ists ▁but ▁refuse ▁to ▁be ▁categor ized . ▁The ▁unique ▁theories ▁of ▁religious ▁natural ists ▁L oyal ▁R ue , ▁Donald ▁A . ▁C ros by , ▁Jer ome ▁A . ▁Stone , ▁and ▁Urs ula ▁Good en ough ▁are ▁discussed ▁by ▁Michael ▁H ogue ▁in ▁his ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁book ▁The ▁Promise ▁of ▁Relig ious ▁Natural ism . ▁ ▁God ▁concepts ▁ ▁Those ▁who ▁con ceive ▁of ▁God ▁as ▁the ▁creative ▁process ▁within ▁the ▁universe — example , ▁Henry ▁Nelson ▁W iem an ▁ ▁Those ▁who ▁think ▁of ▁God ▁as ▁the ▁tot ality ▁of ▁the ▁universe ▁considered ▁relig iously — B ern ard ▁Lo omer . ▁ ▁A ▁third ▁type ▁of ▁religious ▁natural ism ▁sees ▁no ▁need ▁to ▁use ▁the ▁concept ▁or ▁termin ology ▁of ▁God — St one ▁himself ▁and ▁Urs ula ▁Good en ough ▁ ▁Stone ▁emphas izes ▁that ▁some ▁religious ▁natural ists ▁do ▁not ▁reject ▁the ▁concept ▁of ▁God ,
▁but ▁if ▁they ▁use ▁the ▁concept , ▁it ▁involves ▁a ▁radical ▁alter ation ▁of ▁the ▁idea ▁such ▁as ▁Gordon ▁K auf man ▁who ▁defines ▁God ▁as ▁creativity . ▁ ▁Ign at owski ▁div ides ▁religious ▁natural ism ▁into ▁only ▁two ▁types — the istic ▁and ▁non - the istic . ▁ ▁Sh ared ▁principles ▁ ▁There ▁are ▁several ▁principles ▁shared ▁by ▁the ▁a fore ment ioned ▁varieties ▁of ▁religious ▁natural ism : ▁All ▁varieties ▁of ▁religious ▁natural ism ▁see ▁humans ▁as ▁an ▁inter connected , ▁emer gent ▁part ▁of ▁nature . ▁Accept ▁the ▁prim acy ▁of ▁science ▁in ▁regard ▁to ▁what ▁is ▁meas urable ▁via ▁the ▁scientific ▁method . ▁Rec ogn ize ▁science ' s ▁limitations ▁in ▁accounting ▁for ▁judg ments ▁of ▁value ▁and ▁in ▁providing ▁a ▁full ▁account ▁of ▁human ▁experience . ▁ ▁Thus ▁religious ▁natural ism ▁embr aces ▁nature ' s ▁creativity , ▁beauty , ▁and ▁mystery ▁and ▁hon ors ▁many ▁aspects ▁of ▁the ▁artistic , ▁cultural ▁and ▁religious ▁traditions ▁that ▁respond ▁to ▁and ▁attempt ▁to ▁interpret ▁Nature ▁in ▁subject ive ▁ways . ▁Appro ach ▁matters ▁of ▁mor ality , ▁eth ics , ▁and ▁value ▁with ▁a ▁focus ▁on ▁how ▁the ▁world ▁works , ▁with ▁a ▁deep ▁concern ▁for ▁fair ness ▁and ▁the ▁welfare ▁of ▁all ▁humans ▁regardless ▁of ▁their ▁station ▁in ▁life . ▁Se ek ▁to ▁integrate ▁these ▁interpret ative , ▁spiritual ▁and ▁ethical ▁responses ▁in ▁a ▁manner ▁that ▁respect s ▁diverse ▁religious ▁and ▁philosoph ical ▁pers pectives , ▁while ▁still ▁subject ing ▁them ▁and ▁itself ▁to ▁rig orous ▁scrut
iny . ▁The ▁focus ▁on ▁scientific ▁standards ▁of ▁evidence ▁im b ues ▁religious ▁natural ism ▁with ▁the ▁hum ility ▁inher ent ▁in ▁scientific ▁in quiry ▁and ▁its ▁limited , ▁al beit ▁ever - deep ening , ▁ability ▁to ▁describe ▁reality ▁( see ▁Ep ist em ology ). ▁A ▁strong ▁environmental ▁eth ic ▁for ▁the ▁welfare ▁of ▁the ▁planet ▁Earth ▁and ▁humanity . ▁Bel ief ▁in ▁the ▁sacred ness ▁of ▁life ▁and ▁the ▁evolution ary ▁process ▁ ▁The ▁concept ▁of ▁emer gence ▁has ▁grown ▁in ▁popularity ▁with ▁many ▁religious ▁natural ists . ▁It ▁helps ▁explain ▁how ▁a ▁complex ▁Universe ▁and ▁life ▁by ▁self - organ ization ▁have ▁ris en ▁out ▁of ▁a ▁multi plicity ▁of ▁relatively ▁simple ▁elements ▁and ▁their ▁interactions . ▁The ▁entire ▁story ▁of ▁emer gence ▁is ▁related ▁in ▁the ▁E pic ▁of ▁Ev olution — the ▁myth ic ▁scientific ▁narrative ▁used ▁to ▁tell ▁the ▁ver ifiable ▁chron icle ▁of ▁the ▁evolution ary ▁process ▁that ▁is ▁the ▁Universe . ▁Most ▁religious ▁natural ists ▁consider ▁the ▁E pic ▁of ▁Ev olution ▁a ▁true ▁story ▁about ▁the ▁historic ▁achievement ▁of ▁Nature . ▁" The ▁E pic ▁of ▁Ev olution ▁is ▁the ▁ 1 4 ▁billion ▁year ▁narrative ▁of ▁cos mic , ▁planet ary , ▁life , ▁and ▁cultural ▁evolution — t old ▁in ▁sacred ▁ways . ▁Not ▁only ▁does ▁it ▁bridge ▁mainstream ▁science ▁and ▁a ▁diversity ▁of ▁religious ▁traditions ; ▁if ▁skill fully ▁told , ▁it ▁makes ▁the ▁science ▁story ▁memorable ▁and ▁deeply ▁meaningful , ▁while ▁en rich ing ▁one ' s ▁religious ▁faith
▁or ▁sec ular ▁out look ." ▁ ▁Many ▁natural istic ▁writers ▁have ▁used ▁this ▁theme ▁as ▁a ▁topic ▁for ▁their ▁books ▁using ▁such ▁syn ony ms ▁as : ▁Cos mic ▁Ev olution , ▁Every body ' s ▁Story , ▁Ev olution ary ▁E pic , ▁Ev olution ary ▁Universe , ▁Great ▁Story , ▁New ▁Story , ▁Universal ▁Story . ▁Con nie ▁B arl ow ▁writes : ▁" E pic ▁of ▁evolution ' ▁is ▁a ▁term ▁that , ▁within ▁the ▁past ▁three ▁years ( 1 9 9 8 ), ▁has ▁become ▁the ▁theme ▁and ▁title ▁of ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁gather ings . ▁It ▁seems ▁to ▁have ▁been ▁first ▁used ▁by ▁Harvard ▁bi ologist ▁Edward ▁O . ▁Wilson ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 8 . ▁' The ▁evolution ary ▁epic ', ▁Wilson ▁wrote ▁in ▁his ▁book ▁On ▁Human ▁Nature , ▁is ▁probably ▁the ▁best ▁myth ▁we ▁will ▁ever ▁have . ▁My th ▁as ▁false hood ▁was ▁not ▁the ▁usage ▁intended ▁by ▁Wilson ▁in ▁this ▁statement . ▁Rather , ▁myth ▁as ▁a ▁grand ▁narrative ▁that ▁provides ▁people ▁with ▁a ▁placement ▁in ▁time — a ▁meaningful ▁placement ▁that ▁celebr ates ▁extraordinary ▁moments ▁of ▁a ▁shared ▁heritage . ▁The ▁epic ▁of ▁evolution ▁is ▁science ▁translated ▁into ▁a ▁meaningful ▁story ." ▁ ▁Ev olution ary ▁evangel ist ▁minister ▁Michael ▁Dow d ▁uses ▁the ▁term ▁to ▁help ▁present ▁his ▁position ▁that ▁science ▁and ▁religious ▁faith ▁are ▁not ▁mut ually ▁exclusive ▁( a ▁prem ise ▁of ▁religious ▁natural ism ). ▁He ▁pre aches ▁that ▁the ▁epic ▁of ▁cos mic , ▁biological
, ▁and ▁human ▁evolution , ▁revealed ▁by ▁science , ▁is ▁a ▁basis ▁for ▁an ▁insp iring ▁and ▁meaningful ▁view ▁of ▁our ▁place ▁in ▁the ▁universe . ▁Ev olution ▁is ▁viewed ▁as ▁a ▁spiritual ▁process ▁that ▁it ▁is ▁not ▁meaning less ▁blind ▁chance . ▁He ▁is ▁joined ▁by ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁other ▁the olog ians ▁in ▁this ▁position . ▁ ▁Not able ▁pro ponents ▁and ▁critics ▁ ▁Pro ponents ▁Pro ponents ▁of ▁religious ▁natural ism ▁are ▁seen ▁from ▁two ▁pers pectives . ▁The ▁first ▁includes ▁contemporary ▁individuals ▁who ▁have ▁discussed ▁and ▁supported ▁religious ▁natural ism , ▁per ▁se . ▁The ▁other ▁includes ▁historic ▁individuals ▁who ▁may ▁not ▁have ▁used ▁or ▁been ▁familiar ▁with ▁the ▁term , ▁" rel igious ▁natural ism ", ▁but ▁who ▁had ▁views ▁that ▁are ▁relevant ▁to ▁and ▁whose ▁thoughts ▁have ▁contributed ▁to ▁the ▁development ▁of ▁religious ▁natural ism . ▁ ▁Individ uals ▁who ▁have ▁openly ▁discussed ▁and ▁supported ▁religious ▁natural ism , ▁include : ▁C het ▁Ray mo ▁L oyal ▁R ue ▁Donald ▁A . ▁C ros by ▁Jer ome ▁A . ▁Stone ▁Michael ▁Dow d ▁Urs ula ▁Good en ough ▁Ter rence ▁De acon ▁Loren ▁E ise ley ▁Philip ▁He f ner ▁Ralph ▁Wend ell ▁Bur ho e ▁Mor dec ai ▁Kap lan ▁Henry ▁Nelson ▁W iem an ▁George ▁Sant ay ana ▁Gordon ▁D . ▁K auf man ▁Stuart ▁K au ff man ▁Stanley ▁A . ▁Klein ▁C . ▁Robert ▁Mes le ▁Karl ▁E . ▁Peters ▁Var ad ar aja ▁V . ▁Ram an ▁Ian ▁Bar bour ▁Robert ▁S
. ▁Cor ring ton ▁Wes ley ▁Wild man ▁ ▁Individ uals ▁who ▁were ▁pre curs ors ▁to ▁religious ▁natural ism , ▁or ▁who ▁otherwise ▁influenced ▁its ▁development , ▁include : ▁La o - T zu ▁Albert ▁Einstein ▁W . E . B . ▁Du ▁Bo is ▁Ald o ▁Leop old ▁ ▁Crit ics ▁Relig ious ▁natural ism ▁has ▁been ▁critic ized ▁from ▁two ▁pers pectives . ▁One ▁is ▁that ▁of ▁traditional ▁Western ▁religion , ▁which ▁disag rees ▁with ▁natural ist ▁dis bel ief ▁in ▁a ▁personal ▁God . ▁Another ▁is ▁that ▁of ▁natural ists ▁who ▁do ▁not ▁agree ▁that ▁a ▁religious ▁sense ▁can ▁or ▁should ▁be ▁associated ▁with ▁natural ist ▁views . ▁Crit ics ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁group ▁include ▁supporters ▁of ▁traditional ▁Jewish , ▁Christian , ▁and ▁Islamic ▁relig ions . ▁Crit ics ▁in ▁the ▁second ▁group ▁include : ▁Richard ▁Daw kins ▁John ▁H aught ▁ ▁Prom inent ▁communities ▁and ▁leaders ▁Relig ious ▁natural ists ▁sometimes ▁use ▁the ▁social ▁practices ▁of ▁traditional ▁relig ions , ▁including ▁commun al ▁gather ings ▁and ▁rit uals , ▁to ▁foster ▁a ▁sense ▁of ▁community , ▁and ▁to ▁serve ▁as ▁reinforce ment ▁of ▁its ▁participants ' ▁efforts ▁to ▁expand ▁the ▁scope ▁of ▁their ▁understand ings . ▁Some ▁other ▁groups ▁mainly ▁communicate ▁online . ▁Some ▁known ▁examples ▁of ▁religious ▁natural ists ▁group ings ▁and ▁congreg ation ▁leaders ▁are : ▁ ▁Relig ious ▁Natural ist ▁Association ▁ ▁Spirit ual ▁Natural ist ▁Society ▁Un itarian ▁Universal ist ▁Relig ious ▁Natural ists ▁Relig ious ▁Natural ism ▁Facebook ▁Group ▁World ▁P ant he
ist ▁Movement – ▁largely ▁web - based ▁but ▁with ▁some ▁local ▁groups . ▁Universal ▁P ant he ist ▁Society ▁ ▁founded ▁ 1 9 7 5 – ▁P ant he ism ▁is ▁an ▁inter cept ing ▁concept ▁with ▁religious ▁natural ism ▁Cong regation ▁Beth ▁Or , ▁a ▁Jewish ▁congreg ation ▁near ▁Chicago ▁led ▁by ▁Rab bi ▁David ▁O ler ▁Cong regation ▁of ▁Beth ▁Adam ▁in ▁Lov eland ▁Ohio ▁led ▁by ▁Rab bi ▁Robert ▁Barr ▁Past or ▁Ian ▁Law ton , ▁minister ▁at ▁the ▁Christ ▁Community ▁Church ▁in ▁Spring ▁Lake , ▁West ▁Michigan ▁and ▁Center ▁for ▁Progress ive ▁Christianity ▁ ▁Relig ious ▁Natural ism ▁is ▁the ▁focus ▁of ▁classes ▁and ▁con ferences ▁at ▁some ▁colleges ▁and ▁the ology ▁schools . ▁Art icles ▁about ▁religious ▁natural ism ▁have ▁appeared ▁frequently ▁in ▁jour nals , ▁including ▁Z ygon , ▁American ▁Journal ▁of ▁The ology ▁and ▁Philosoph y , ▁and ▁the ▁International ▁Journal ▁for ▁Philosoph y ▁and ▁Relig ion . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁Anim ism ▁ ▁C reation ▁Spirit ual ity ▁ ▁Creat ivity ▁( rel ig ion ) ▁ ▁D ao ism ▁ ▁E pic ▁of ▁evolution ▁ ▁E pic ure an ism ▁ ▁F it ra ▁ ▁Liberal ▁natural ism ▁ ▁Liberal ▁religion ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁new ▁religious ▁movements ▁ ▁Natural istic ▁pant he ism ▁ ▁Philosoph ical ▁the ism ▁ ▁Post sec ular ism ▁ ▁Process ▁the ology ▁ ▁Sec ular ▁pag an ism ▁ ▁Spirit ual ▁natural ism ▁ ▁World ▁P ant he ist ▁Movement ▁ ▁Z ygon : ▁Journal
▁of ▁Relig ion ▁& ▁Science ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁ 2 0 1 5 – ▁Donald ▁A . ▁C ros by – ▁More ▁Th an ▁Dis course : ▁Symbol ic ▁Express ions ▁of ▁Natural istic ▁Faith , ▁State ▁University ▁of ▁New ▁York ▁Press , ▁▁ 2 0 1 5 – ▁Nathan ▁Mart ine z – ▁R ise ▁Like ▁L ions : ▁Language ▁and ▁The ▁False ▁God s ▁of ▁Civil ization , ▁▁▁ 2 0 0 8 – ▁Donald ▁A . ▁C ros by – ▁The ▁Th ou ▁of ▁Nature : ▁Relig ious ▁Natural ism ▁and ▁Re ver ence ▁for ▁S ent ient ▁Life , ▁State ▁University ▁of ▁New ▁York ▁Press , ▁▁ 2 0 1 1 – ▁L oyal ▁R ue – ▁Nature ▁Is ▁En ough , ▁State ▁University ▁of ▁New ▁York ▁Press , ▁▁ 2 0 1 0 – ▁Michael ▁H ogue – ▁The ▁Promise ▁of ▁Relig ious ▁Natural ism , ▁ ▁Row man ▁& ▁Little field ▁Publish ers , ▁Inc ., ▁Sept . 1 6 , ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁▁ 2 0 0 9 – ▁Michael ▁R use ▁& ▁Joseph ▁Tr avis ▁ – ▁Ev olution : ▁The ▁First ▁Four ▁Bill ion ▁Years , ▁ ▁Bel kn ap ▁Press , ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁▁ 2 0 0 8 – ▁Donald ▁A . ▁C ros by – ▁Living ▁with ▁Amb igu ity : ▁Relig ious ▁Natural ism ▁and ▁the ▁Men
ace ▁of ▁Ev il , ▁State ▁University ▁of ▁New ▁York ▁Press , ▁▁ 2 0 0 8 – ▁Michael ▁Dow d – ▁Thank ▁God ▁for ▁Ev olution : , ▁V iking ▁( J une ▁ 2 0 0 8 ), ▁▁ 2 0 0 8 – ▁C het ▁Ray mo – ▁When ▁God ▁Is ▁G one , ▁Everything ▁Is ▁Holy : ▁The ▁Making ▁of ▁a ▁Relig ious ▁Natural ist , ▁Sor in ▁Books , ▁▁ 2 0 0 8 – ▁Kenn eth ▁R . ▁Miller – ▁Only ▁a ▁Theory : ▁Ev olution ▁and ▁the ▁Battle ▁for ▁America ' s ▁Soul , ▁V iking ▁Adult , ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁▁ 2 0 0 8 – ▁Eug en ie ▁C . ▁Scott – ▁Ev olution ▁vs . ▁C reation ism : ▁An ▁Introduction , ▁Green wood ▁Press , ▁▁ 2 0 0 7 – ▁Eric ▁Cha isson – ▁E pic ▁of ▁Ev olution , ▁Columbia ▁University ▁Press ▁( M arch ▁ 2 , ▁ 2 0 0 7 ), ▁▁ 2 0 0 6 – ▁John ▁H aught – ▁Is ▁Nature ▁En ough ?, ▁Cambridge ▁University ▁Press ▁( May ▁ 3 1 , ▁ 2 0 0 6 ), ▁▁ 2 0 0 6 – ▁L oyal ▁R ue – ▁Relig ion ▁Is ▁Not ▁About ▁God , ▁R ut gers ▁University ▁Press , ▁July ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁▁ 2 0 0
4 – ▁Gordon ▁K auf man – ▁In ▁the ▁Begin ning ... ▁Creat ivity , ▁Aug sburg ▁Fort ress ▁Pub ., ▁ 2 0 0 4 , ▁▁ 2 0 0 3 – ▁James ▁B . ▁Miller – ▁The ▁E pic ▁of ▁Ev olution : ▁Science ▁and ▁Relig ion ▁in ▁Dialog ue , ▁Pear son / P rent ice ▁Hall , ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁ – ▁Donald ▁A . ▁C ros by – ▁A ▁Relig ion ▁of ▁Nature – ▁State ▁University ▁of ▁New ▁York ▁Press , ▁▁ 2 0 0 0 – ▁Urs ula ▁Good en ough – ▁Sac red ▁Dep th s ▁of ▁Nature , ▁Oxford ▁University ▁Press , ▁USA ; ▁ 1 ▁edition ▁( J une ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 2 0 0 0 ), ▁▁ 2 0 0 0 – ▁John ▁Stewart – ▁Ev olution ' s ▁Ar row : ▁The ▁D irection ▁of ▁Ev olution ▁and ▁the ▁Future ▁of ▁Human ity , ▁Chap man ▁Press , ▁ 2 0 0 0 , ▁▁ 1 9 9 7 – ▁Con nie ▁B arl ow – ▁Green ▁Space ▁Green ▁Time : ▁The ▁Way ▁of ▁Science , ▁Spring er ▁( Se ptember ▁ 1 9 9 7 ), ▁▁ 1 9 9 2 – ▁Brian ▁Sw im me – ▁The ▁Universe ▁Story : ▁From ▁the ▁Prim ord ial ▁Fl aring ▁For th ▁to ▁the ▁E co zo ic
▁Era , ▁Harper Coll ins , ▁ 1 9 9 2 , ▁▁ ▁Reading ▁lists – ▁ ▁Ev olution ▁Reading ▁Resources , ▁▁ ▁Books ▁of ▁the ▁E pic ▁of ▁Ev olution , ▁Cos mic ▁Ev olution ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁ ▁Relig ious ▁Natural ist ▁Association ▁ ▁Relig ious ▁Natural ism ▁ ▁Relig ious ▁Natural ism ▁Resources ▁Boston ▁University ▁ ▁The ▁Great ▁Story ▁leading ▁religious ▁natural ist ▁educational ▁website ▁ ▁Natural ism . org ▁ ▁The ▁New ▁Cos m ology ▁ ▁Sac red R iver . org ▁ ▁The ▁Spirit ual ▁Natural ist ▁Society <0x0A> </s> ▁V icer oy ▁is ▁a ▁ham let ▁in ▁Ex cel ▁R ural ▁Municip ality ▁No . ▁ 7 1 , ▁S ask at che wan , ▁Canada . ▁The ▁population ▁was ▁ 2 5 ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁Census . ▁The ▁ham let ▁previously ▁held ▁the ▁status ▁of ▁a ▁village ▁until ▁May ▁ 1 0 , ▁ 2 0 0 2 . ▁V icer oy ▁is ▁located ▁ 7 km ▁south ▁of ▁the ▁historic ▁Red ▁Co at ▁Trail ▁on ▁Highway ▁ 6 2 4 ▁north ▁of ▁Will ow ▁B unch ▁Lake ▁adjacent ▁to ▁Big ▁M ud dy ▁Valley . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁V icer oy ▁was ▁incorporated ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 2 . ▁At ▁its ▁peak ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 5 0 s ▁it ▁had ▁a ▁population ▁of ▁ 2 5 0 . ▁Prior ▁to ▁May ▁ 1 0 , ▁ 2 0 0 2 , ▁V icer oy ▁was
▁incorporated ▁as ▁a ▁village , ▁and ▁was ▁re struct ured ▁as ▁a ▁ham let ▁under ▁the ▁juris diction ▁of ▁the ▁R ural ▁municip ality ▁of ▁Ex cel ▁on ▁that ▁date . ▁ ▁Dem ograph ics ▁ ▁Services ▁ ▁Once ▁a ▁bust ling ▁community ▁with ▁two ▁schools , ▁two ▁restaurants , ▁Kle men z ▁Pool room ▁and ▁bow ling ▁alley , ▁a ▁theatre ▁and ▁many ▁other ▁businesses . ▁After ▁two ▁fires ▁in ▁the ▁past ▁century ▁the ▁community ▁has ▁shr unk ▁to ▁a ▁much ▁smaller ▁scale . ▁V icer oy ▁still ▁bo asts ▁the ▁V icer oy ▁Co - op ▁which ▁in ▁a ▁sense ▁is ▁the ▁local ▁" general ▁store " ▁offering ▁grocery ▁st ap les , ▁tools , ▁feed , ▁hardware , ▁parts , ▁auto ▁repair ▁and ▁pet role um ▁sales . ▁ ▁The ▁R M ▁of ▁Ex cel ▁No . ▁ 7 1 , ▁office ▁is ▁located ▁on ▁main ▁street ▁with ▁the ▁equipment ▁yard / shop ▁to ▁the ▁south . ▁Beng ough ▁Credit ▁Union ▁also ▁operates ▁a ▁branch ▁in ▁V icer oy . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁List ▁of ▁communities ▁in ▁S ask at che wan ▁ ▁Ham lets ▁of ▁S ask at che wan ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁Category : Ex cel ▁No . ▁ 7 1 , ▁S ask at che wan ▁Category : Form er ▁villages ▁in ▁S ask at che wan ▁Category : H am lets ▁in ▁S ask at che wan ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 2 ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places
▁dis est ab lished ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁Category : 1 9 1 2 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁S ask at che wan ▁Category : Div ision ▁No . ▁ 3 , ▁S ask at che wan <0x0A> </s> ▁Antonio ▁Luis ▁Med ina ▁Com as ▁( born ▁c . ▁ 1 9 6 8 ) ▁is ▁a ▁licensed ▁industrial ▁engineer , ▁a ▁business ▁executive , ▁and ▁the ▁current ▁president ▁and ▁founder ▁of ▁Con ver gent ▁Strateg ies , ▁an ▁advis ory ▁firm ▁that ▁helps ▁companies ▁acceler ate ▁their ▁growth . ▁Med ina ▁has ▁a ▁b achelor ' s ▁and ▁a ▁master ' s ▁degree ▁in ▁industrial ▁engineering ▁from ▁ ▁R ens sel a er ▁Poly techn ic ▁Institute , ▁and ▁an ▁M BA ▁in ▁finance ▁from ▁the ▁Wh art on ▁School ▁at ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Pennsylvania . ▁He ▁served ▁as ▁the ▁Executive ▁Director ▁of ▁the ▁Puerto ▁Rico ▁Industrial ▁Development ▁Company , ▁PR ID CO , ▁between ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁and ▁ 2 0 1 6 . ▁ ▁Before ▁joining ▁PR ID CO , ▁Med ina ▁spent ▁ 2 0 ▁years ▁at ▁Mer ck ▁Sh arp ▁& ▁D oh me ▁( MS D ) ▁where ▁he ▁rose ▁from ▁being ▁a ▁industrial ▁engineer ▁to ▁become ▁the ▁chief ▁financial ▁officer ▁( C FO ) ▁of ▁Mer ck ' s ▁operations ▁in ▁Brazil . ▁He ▁also ▁served ▁as ▁the ▁senior ▁finance ▁director ▁for ▁Mer ck ' s ▁manufacturing ▁division ▁in ▁Puerto ▁Rico ▁and ▁as ▁regional ▁finance ▁director ▁for ▁Mer ck ' s ▁operations ▁in
▁Central ▁America ▁and ▁the ▁Caribbean . ▁ ▁Med ina ▁was ▁also ▁instrumental ▁in ▁establishing ▁the ▁first ▁M RO ▁business ▁unit ▁of ▁L uf th ans a ▁in ▁the ▁western ▁hem is phere , ▁the ▁United ▁States , ▁and ▁Puerto ▁Rico ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁while ▁heading ▁PR ID CO . ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁conver gent ▁strategies ▁ ▁Category : Ch ief ▁financial ▁officers ▁Category : Wh art on ▁School ▁of ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Pennsylvania ▁al umn i ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : 1 9 6 0 s ▁birth s ▁Category : Off icial s ▁of ▁Puerto ▁Rico ▁Category : P uerto ▁R ican ▁engineers ▁Category : R ens sel a er ▁Poly techn ic ▁Institute ▁al umn i <0x0A> </s> ▁This ▁Life ▁is ▁a ▁BBC ▁television ▁drama ▁that ▁was ▁produced ▁by ▁World ▁Produ ctions ▁and ▁screen ed ▁on ▁BBC ▁Two . ▁Two ▁series ▁were ▁broadcast ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁and ▁ 1 9 9 7 , ▁with ▁a ▁later ▁re union ▁special ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 7 . ▁ ▁It ▁cent res ▁on ▁the ▁life ▁of ▁ ▁tw ent ys om ething ▁law ▁gradu ates ▁emb ark ing ▁upon ▁their ▁careers ▁while ▁sharing ▁a ▁house ▁in ▁south ▁London . ▁Un us ually ▁for ▁a ▁show ▁about ▁lawyers , ▁there ▁are ▁no ▁court room ▁scenes ▁in ▁either ▁the ▁first ▁or ▁second ▁series , ▁and ▁only ▁one ▁brief ▁scene ▁in ▁the ▁TV ▁sequ el . ▁ ▁Broad cast ▁during ▁the ▁height
▁of ▁" C ool ▁Brit ann ia ", ▁the ▁series ▁is ▁set ▁in ▁London ▁and ▁is ▁notable ▁for ▁its ▁Brit pop ▁sound track ▁and ▁for ▁its ▁dep iction ▁of ▁casual ▁sex ▁and ▁drug - t aking . ▁It ▁became ▁a ▁popular ▁word - of - mouth ▁hit ▁and ▁was ▁included ▁on ▁B FI ' s ▁list ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 0 0 ▁greatest ▁British ▁television ▁program mes ▁of ▁all ▁time . ▁ ▁Production ▁The ▁series ▁was ▁created ▁by ▁Amy ▁Jen kins ▁who ▁was ▁also ▁its ▁principal ▁writer . ▁Other ▁writers ▁contributed ▁scripts , ▁including ▁Joe ▁A he ar ne ▁( who ▁also ▁directed ▁some ▁episodes — the ▁only ▁person ▁to ▁do ▁both ▁on ▁the ▁series ), ▁Ian ▁I q bal ▁R ash id , ▁Am elia ▁Bull more ▁and ▁Matthew ▁Graham . ▁Tony ▁G arn ett ▁was ▁the ▁executive ▁producer ▁and ▁Jane ▁Fall on ▁worked ▁as ▁a ▁producer ▁on ▁both ▁series . ▁ ▁When ▁the ▁first ▁series ▁was ▁screen ed ▁it ▁was ▁a ▁modest ▁critical ▁success . ▁Nevertheless , ▁the ▁original ▁production ▁agreement ▁secured ▁a ▁second ▁series . ▁In ▁the ▁lead - up ▁to ▁the ▁broadcast ▁of ▁the ▁second ▁series , ▁the ▁entire ▁first ▁series ▁was ▁repeated , ▁helping ▁to ▁generate ▁a ▁critical ▁buzz ▁around ▁the ▁programme , ▁to ▁the ▁point ▁that ▁millions ▁of ▁viewers ▁were ▁waiting ▁to ▁discover ▁the ▁ultimate ▁res olutions ▁to ▁the ▁various ▁plot - lines ▁and ▁generating ▁front - page ▁newspaper ▁coverage . ▁ ▁Broad cast s ▁The ▁original ▁run ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁series ▁in ▁ 1 9 9
6 ▁was ▁neither ▁a ▁critical ▁nor ▁a ▁ratings ▁success . ▁It ▁was ▁only ▁its ▁repeat ▁run , ▁from ▁ 2 ▁January ▁ 1 9 9 7 , ▁that ▁really ▁began ▁to ▁attract ▁serious ▁view er ▁attention . ▁This ▁ran ▁smoothly ▁into ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁the ▁second ▁series , ▁from ▁Monday ▁ 1 7 ▁March ▁ 1 9 9 7 , ▁restored ▁to ▁its ▁peak - time ▁slot , ▁by ▁which ▁time ▁it ▁was ▁attract ing ▁praise ▁as ▁a ▁cult ▁hit . ▁By ▁the ▁time ▁the ▁second ▁series ▁ended , ▁the ▁show ▁was ▁attract ing ▁strong ▁audience ▁figures ▁of ▁around ▁four ▁million , ▁and ▁became ▁a ▁national ▁talking ▁point , ▁making ▁head lines ▁in ▁both ▁tab lo id ▁and ▁broad sheet ▁newspapers . ▁▁ ▁Both ▁of ▁the ▁series ▁were ▁then ▁repeated ▁late - night ▁from ▁ 1 2 ▁June ▁to ▁ 2 ▁August ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁( each ▁episode ▁was ▁shown ▁twice ▁during ▁the ▁first ▁run ). ▁Another ▁screening ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁series ▁was ▁shown ▁on ▁Sunday ▁even ings ▁between ▁ 3 0 ▁March ▁and ▁ 1 3 ▁July ▁ 2 0 0 3 . ▁As ▁a ▁run ▁in ▁to ▁the ▁re union ▁the ▁BBC ▁repeated ▁every ▁episode , ▁two ▁each ▁night ▁Monday ▁to ▁Thursday , ▁starting ▁ 6 ▁November ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁on ▁BBC ▁Two . ▁▁ ▁From ▁ 3 ▁February ▁ 2 0 2 0 , ▁series ▁one ▁of ▁This ▁Life ▁was ▁repeated ▁on ▁BBC 4 , ▁carrying ▁a ▁ded ication ▁to ▁its ▁executive ▁producer ▁Tony ▁G
arn ett ▁who ▁had ▁died ▁aged ▁ 8 3 ▁during ▁the ▁previous ▁month . ▁ ▁Loc ations ▁ ▁The ▁opening ▁scenes ▁show ▁the ▁house ▁as ▁being ▁on ▁Benjamin ▁Street , ▁which ▁is ▁in ▁EC 1 ▁in ▁Cl er ken well . ▁However , ▁the ▁building ▁is ▁actually ▁An chor ▁Terr ace , ▁a ▁terr aced ▁house ▁on ▁South w ark ▁Bridge ▁Road . ▁As ▁the ▁characters ▁are ▁often ▁seen ▁commut ing ▁from ▁South ▁London ▁it ▁is ▁un clear ▁why ▁the ▁Benjamin ▁Street ▁sign ▁was ▁fil med . ▁The ▁house ▁has ▁since ▁been ▁converted ▁into ▁luxury ▁fl ats . ▁ ▁The ▁law ▁firm ' s ▁offices ▁were ▁fil med ▁on ▁High ▁Hol born ▁near ▁the ▁jun ction ▁with ▁Ch anc ery ▁Lane . ▁The ▁waiting ▁room ▁in ▁which ▁E gg ' s ▁first ▁interview ▁takes ▁place ▁is ▁in ▁Nor wich ▁Street ▁at ▁the ▁City ▁law ▁firm ▁Mac f arl anes . ▁The ▁location ▁for ▁external ▁shots ▁of ▁Moore ▁Spencer ▁Wright ▁is ▁at ▁the ▁bottom ▁end ▁of ▁Bor ough ▁High ▁Street , ▁now ▁the ▁F TC ▁Kap lan ▁offices . ▁ ▁The ▁barr ister s ’ ▁ch ambers ▁external ▁shots ▁were ▁fil med ▁outside ▁Ver ul am ▁Build ings ▁on ▁Gray ' s ▁Inn ▁Road , ▁part ▁of ▁Gray ' s ▁Inn ; ▁the ▁interior ▁scenes ▁were ▁fil med ▁in ▁the ▁An chor ▁Terr ace ▁house ▁( see ▁above ). ▁ ▁The ▁ca fe ▁that ▁E gg ▁works ▁in , ▁and ▁later ▁runs , ▁is ▁on ▁Victoria ▁Road ▁in ▁North ▁Act on ▁next ▁to ▁the
▁T ube ▁station . ▁▁▁ ▁The ▁ca fe ▁where ▁the ▁characters ▁are ▁often ▁seen ▁having ▁lunch ▁was ▁just ▁further ▁down ▁South w ark ▁Bridge ▁Road ▁from ▁the ▁An chor ▁Terr ace ▁house ▁( on ▁the ▁same ▁side ). ▁It ▁was ▁called ▁the ▁Island ▁Ca fe . ▁ ▁The ▁job ▁centre ▁E gg ▁visits ▁is ▁on ▁Bor ough ▁High ▁Street , ▁South w ark , ▁London . ▁ ▁Miles ' s ▁country ▁house ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁re union ▁( Wh ith urst ▁Park ▁in ▁Sus sex ) ▁is ▁the ▁same ▁location ▁used ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁episode ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁series ▁of ▁ ▁Lewis , ▁" To ▁Wh om ▁the ▁God s ▁Would ▁Dest roy ". ▁ ▁E pis odes ▁ ▁Series ▁one ▁( 1 9 9 6 ) ▁This ▁Life ▁is ▁based ▁around ▁life ▁in ▁a ▁London ▁law ▁firm ▁and ▁barr ister s ' ▁ch ambers ▁of ▁train ee ▁sol ic itors ▁and ▁pup il ▁barr ister s , ▁but ▁is ▁essentially ▁a ▁character - driven ▁drama . ▁ ▁E gg ▁and ▁Mil ly ▁have ▁been ▁dating ▁since ▁they ▁were ▁at ▁university , ▁but ▁their ▁career ▁choices ▁create ▁tension ▁between ▁them . ▁Con sc ient ious ▁Mil ly ▁is ▁ambitious , ▁spending ▁a ▁lot ▁of ▁time ▁working ▁with ▁her ▁older ▁boss ▁Mr ▁O ' Don nell . ▁E gg ▁suff ers ▁a ▁crisis ▁of ▁diss atisf action ▁with ▁a ▁career ▁in ▁law , ▁and ▁soon ▁resign s ▁from ▁the ▁firm . ▁ ▁Anna ▁and ▁Miles ▁had ▁a ▁brief ▁fl ing
▁at ▁university , ▁and ▁Anna ▁is ▁fix ated ▁on ▁the ▁ind ifferent ▁Miles . ▁Their ▁love – h ate ▁relationship ▁makes ▁their ▁work ▁and ▁home ▁life ▁frequently ▁tense . ▁ ▁The ▁other ▁house - mate ▁Warren ▁is ▁a ▁gay ▁man . ▁He ▁sp ends ▁some ▁time ▁dealing ▁with ▁issues ▁around ▁his ▁sexual ity , ▁especially ▁in ▁relation ▁to ▁" coming ▁out " ▁to ▁friends ▁and ▁family . ▁In ▁an ▁unusual ▁( at ▁the ▁time ) ▁plot ▁device ▁he ▁is ▁frequently ▁seen ▁discussing ▁his ▁feelings ▁with ▁a ▁therapist ▁who ▁is ▁heard ▁and ▁only ▁rarely ▁seen ▁by ▁the ▁view er . ▁ ▁Miles ▁appears ▁sometimes ▁to ▁dis like ▁Warren , ▁and ▁subjects ▁him ▁to ▁occasional ▁hom oph ob ic ▁abuse ▁when ▁anger ed . ▁Miles ' s ▁manip ulative ▁girlfriend , ▁the ▁drug ▁add icted ▁and ▁bul im ic ▁Del il ah , ▁moves ▁in ▁with ▁him . ▁This ▁results ▁in ▁conflict ▁in ▁the ▁house . ▁When ▁Miles , ▁who ▁has ▁not ▁been ▁pract ising ▁safe ▁sex ▁with ▁Del il ah , ▁disco vers ▁that ▁she ▁is ▁still ▁sleeping ▁with ▁her ▁her oin ▁add ict ▁ex , ▁Tru el ove , ▁he ▁has ▁an ▁HIV ▁sc are . ▁Mil ly ▁cl ashes ▁with ▁E gg ▁over ▁his ▁perceived ▁lack ▁of ▁amb ition , ▁and ▁becomes ▁attracted ▁to ▁O ' Don nell . ▁ ▁Series ▁two ▁( 1 9 9 7 ) ▁ ▁During ▁the ▁second ▁series , ▁story lines ▁were ▁expanded ▁to ▁include ▁other ▁connected ▁characters . ▁These ▁included ▁Fer dy ▁( R amon ▁T
ik aram ) ▁- ▁Warren ' s ▁boyfriend ▁briefly , ▁Rachel ▁( N at asha ▁Little ) ▁- ▁new ▁junior ▁train ee ▁at ▁Mil ly ' s ▁law ▁firm ▁and ▁Frances ca ▁- ▁Miles ' s ▁girlfriend / f ian c ée ▁- ▁whilst ▁previously ▁secondary - char acters ▁Jo ▁( Ste ve ▁John ▁She pher d ) ▁and ▁Warren ' s ▁cousin , ▁K ira ▁( Lu isa ▁Brad sh aw - White ) ▁feature ▁more ▁heavily ▁as ▁they ▁emb ark ed ▁upon ▁a ▁relationship . ▁Moore , ▁Spencer , ▁Wright ▁Re ception ist ▁Kelly ▁( S ach a ▁C raise ) ▁also ▁became ▁much ▁more ▁prominent ▁and ▁a ▁close ▁al ly ▁of ▁K ira . ▁Fer dy ▁was ▁a ▁largely ▁impro vised , ▁complex ▁( and ▁sometimes ▁unw illing ) ▁bis ex ual ▁character ▁and ▁was ▁seen ▁as ▁a ▁replacement ▁for ▁Warren ▁when ▁Jason ▁Hughes ▁decided ▁to ▁leave ▁the ▁show ▁( he ▁did ▁return ▁for ▁the ▁final ▁scene ). ▁F inding ▁a ▁relationship ▁with ▁Anna ▁impossible , ▁Miles ▁began ▁a ▁relationship ▁with ▁Frances ca , ▁a ▁woman ▁nearly ▁a ▁decade ▁older ▁than ▁he ▁was . ▁Miles ▁proposed ▁to ▁Frances ca , ▁but ▁still ▁har b oured ▁feelings ▁for ▁Anna . ▁ ▁Rachel ▁had ▁a ▁long - running ▁passive - ag gress ive ▁fe ud ▁with ▁Mil ly , ▁although ▁on ▁the ▁surface ▁the ▁pair ▁were ▁able ▁to ▁work ▁together ▁without ▁mention ▁of ▁their ▁mutual ▁dis like . ▁Mil ly ' s ▁dis like ▁of ▁Rachel ▁was ▁very ▁strong , ▁viewing ▁her
▁as ▁a ▁threat ▁to ▁her ▁relationship ▁with ▁O ' Don nell , ▁and ▁dis lik ing ▁her ▁apparently ▁perfect ▁de mean our . ▁Mil ly ▁conf ided ▁in ▁Anna ▁that ▁she ▁found ▁Rachel ▁almost ▁suff oc ating ly ▁" nice ". ▁The ▁tension ▁between ▁the ▁two ▁went ▁un resolved ▁throughout ▁the ▁second ▁series , ▁cul min ating ▁in ▁the ▁final ▁scene , ▁in ▁the ▁episode ▁" Ap ocal yp se ▁Wow ! ". ▁At ▁Miles ▁and ▁Frances ca ' s ▁wedding ▁reception , ▁after ▁Mil ly ▁learn s ▁that ▁Rachel ▁has ▁told ▁E gg ▁of ▁her ▁affair ▁with ▁O ' Don nell , ▁Mil ly ▁pun ches ▁Rachel ▁in ▁the ▁face . ▁ ▁This ▁Life ▁+ ▁ 1 0 ▁( 2 0 0 6 ) ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁the ▁BBC ▁recon ven ed ▁the ▁original ▁cast ▁for ▁a ▁special ▁one - off ▁ 8 0 - minute ▁special , ▁looking ▁at ▁what ▁had ▁happened ▁to ▁the ▁lead ▁characters ▁in ▁the ▁interven ing ▁ten ▁years . ▁The ▁episode ▁begins ▁with ▁the ▁original ▁five ▁house mates ▁reun iting ▁for ▁Fer dy ' s ▁funeral . ▁Mil ly ▁and ▁E gg ▁are ▁together , ▁though ▁not ▁married , ▁and ▁have ▁had ▁a ▁young ▁son ▁but ▁Miles ▁is ▁divor ced ▁from ▁Frances ca ▁and ▁has ▁a ▁new ▁Viet names e ▁wife , ▁Me ▁Lin h . ▁The ▁circumstances ▁of ▁both ▁Fer dy ' s ▁death ▁and ▁Miles ' ▁divorce ▁are ▁not ▁revealed . ▁ ▁This ▁new ▁episode ▁was ▁entitled ▁+ ▁ 1 0
▁on screen , ▁and ▁kept ▁the ▁original ▁title ▁sequence ▁and ▁programme ▁title ▁This ▁Life . ▁It ▁was ▁screen ed ▁on ▁ 2 ▁January ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁and ▁was ▁a ▁co - production ▁between ▁BBC ▁Wales ▁and ▁the ▁original ▁producers ▁World ▁Produ ctions . ▁This ▁Life ▁+ ▁ 1 0 ▁was ▁written ▁by ▁Jen kins , ▁directed ▁by ▁A he ar ne ▁and ▁produced ▁by ▁G arn ett . ▁It ▁gained ▁ 3 . 5 ▁million ▁viewers , ▁with ▁a ▁ 1 4 % ▁audience ▁share . ▁ ▁Cast ▁▁ ▁Miles ▁Stewart , ▁played ▁by ▁Jack ▁D aven port ▁ ▁D j am ila ▁" M illy " ▁N ass im , ▁played ▁by ▁A mit a ▁D h iri ▁ ▁Ed gar ▁" E gg " ▁Co oke , ▁played ▁by ▁Andrew ▁Lincoln ▁ ▁Anna ▁For bes , ▁played ▁by ▁Daniel a ▁N ard ini ▁ ▁Warren ▁Jones , ▁played ▁by ▁Jason ▁Hughes ▁ ▁Ferd inand ▁" F er dy " ▁Gar cia , ▁played ▁by ▁Ram on ▁T ik aram ▁ ▁Michael ▁O ' Don nell , ▁played ▁by ▁David ▁Mall inson ▁ ▁K ira , ▁played ▁by ▁Lu isa ▁Brad sh aw - White ▁ ▁Jo , ▁played ▁by ▁Steve ▁John ▁She pher d ▁ ▁Rachel , ▁played ▁by ▁Nat asha ▁Little ▁ ▁Nick i , ▁played ▁by ▁Jul iet ▁Cow an ▁ ▁Kelly , ▁played ▁by ▁Sach a ▁C raise ▁ ▁Graham , ▁played ▁by ▁Cyr il ▁N ri ▁ ▁H oop erman , ▁played ▁by ▁Geoff
rey ▁Bat eman ▁ ▁Ther ap ist , ▁played ▁by ▁Gill ian ▁McC ut che on ▁▁ ▁Len ny , ▁played ▁by ▁Tony ▁Cur ran ▁ ▁Jerry ▁Co oke , ▁played ▁by ▁Paul ▁C ople y ▁ ▁Dale ▁Jones , ▁played ▁by ▁Mark ▁Lewis ▁Jones ▁ ▁Frances ca , ▁played ▁by ▁Rachel ▁Field ing ▁ ▁Mont gomery , ▁played ▁by ▁Michael ▁El w yn ▁ ▁Sarah ▁New ly , ▁played ▁by ▁Cl are ▁Cl iff ord ▁ ▁Del il ah , ▁played ▁by ▁Charlotte ▁B ick nell ▁ ▁Tru el ove , ▁played ▁by ▁Keith - L ee ▁Castle ▁ ▁Paul , ▁played ▁by ▁Paul ▁J ▁Med ford ▁▁ ▁The ▁Office ▁and ▁Sher lock ▁star ▁Martin ▁Fre eman ▁appears ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁episode ▁of ▁the ▁second ▁series . ▁▁ ▁Ralph ▁In es on , ▁also ▁from ▁The ▁Office ▁featured ▁in ▁an ▁early ▁episode ▁as ▁a ▁client ▁of ▁Mil ly , ▁as ▁the ▁character ▁Jess op . ▁▁ ▁East End ers ▁actor ▁N it in ▁G an atra , ▁appeared ▁in ▁an ▁episode ▁of ▁the ▁second ▁series ▁playing ▁a ▁prospect ive ▁house mate . ▁ ▁Martin ▁H anc ock , ▁who ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁star ▁in ▁Hol by ▁City ▁appeared ▁in ▁the ▁second ▁series . ▁ ▁Cl are ▁Cl iff ord , ▁played ▁les bian ▁lawyer ▁Sarah ▁New ly ▁who ▁propos itions ▁Anna ▁in ▁the ▁second ▁series . ▁ ▁Stuart ▁Organ , ▁best ▁known ▁as ▁Mr ▁Rob son ▁in ▁Gr ange ▁Hill ▁appeared ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁series . ▁ ▁Music ▁A ▁then ▁largely ▁unknown
▁Rick y ▁G erv ais , ▁partner ▁of ▁producer ▁Jane ▁Fall on , ▁was ▁cred ited ▁as ▁" Music ▁Ad visor " ▁for ▁the ▁series , ▁and ▁commissioned ▁the ▁theme ▁tune ▁written ▁by ▁The ▁Way ▁Out . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁BBC ▁Music ▁issued ▁a ▁compilation ▁CD ▁featuring ▁the ▁theme ▁tune ▁and ▁songs ▁from ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 0 s ▁by ▁bands ▁including : ▁Bl ur , ▁The ▁Charl at ans , ▁The ▁Light ning ▁Se eds , ▁P ulp , ▁Jam iro qu ai , ▁Man ic ▁Street ▁Pre achers , ▁S ued e , ▁O asis , ▁The ▁Div ine ▁Com edy , ▁Everything ▁but ▁the ▁Girl , ▁New ▁Order , ▁Sk unk ▁An ans ie , ▁The ▁Cl ash , ▁Happy ▁Mond ays , ▁The ▁Pro dig y ▁and ▁Super gr ass . ▁ ▁Leg acy ▁The ▁second ▁series ▁ended ▁with ▁a ▁close - up ▁of ▁an ▁advert ▁for ▁the ▁house , ▁and ▁the ▁original ▁intention ▁was ▁to ▁re - cast ▁with ▁new ▁characters . ▁The ▁controversial ▁stage ▁writer ▁Mark ▁R aven hill ▁was ▁involved ▁in ▁draft ing ▁story lines ▁and ▁early ▁scripts ▁for ▁a ▁third ▁series , ▁but ▁the ▁plans ▁were ▁ab orted , ▁and ▁the ▁decision ▁was ▁taken ▁to ▁end ▁the ▁programme ▁" on ▁a ▁high ". ▁▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 8 , ▁Adam ▁Bu xt on ▁and ▁Joe ▁Corn ish ▁par od ied ▁This ▁Life ▁in ▁their ▁sketch ▁show ▁The ▁Adam ▁and ▁Joe ▁Show ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 1 ,
▁NBC ▁Television ▁broadcast ▁a ▁lo os ely ▁adapted ▁US ▁rem ake ▁titled ▁First ▁Years . ▁It ▁attracted ▁sc ath ing ▁reviews ▁and ▁low ▁ratings . ▁ ▁The ▁young ▁production ▁team ▁behind ▁This ▁Life ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁further ▁success : ▁Jane ▁Fall on ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁become ▁Executive ▁Produ cer ▁on ▁the ▁Channel ▁ 4 ▁series ▁Te achers ▁which ▁also ▁star red ▁Andrew ▁Lincoln . ▁Joe ▁A he ar ne ▁later ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁write ▁and ▁direct ▁the ▁cult ▁Channel ▁ 4 ▁series ▁Ul tr av iolet ▁( 1 9 9 8 ) ▁which ▁also ▁star red ▁Jack ▁D aven port . ▁He ▁also ▁directed ▁episodes ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁series ▁of ▁the ▁rev ived ▁Doctor ▁Who ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 5 . ▁ ▁Matthew ▁Graham ▁co - created ▁the ▁BBC ▁One ▁series ▁Life ▁on ▁Mars ▁( 2 0 0 6 ) ▁and ▁has ▁written ▁episodes ▁of ▁H ust le , ▁Sp ook s ▁and ▁an ▁episode ▁of ▁Doctor ▁Who ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 . ▁ ▁Ian ▁I q bal ▁R ash id ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁write ▁and ▁direct ▁the ▁feature ▁films ▁Touch ▁of ▁Pink ▁( S ony ▁Picture ▁Class ics , ▁ 2 0 0 4 ) ▁and ▁How ▁She ▁Move ▁( Param ount ▁V antage , ▁ 2 0 0 8 ). ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁This ▁Life ▁at ▁World ▁Produ ctions ▁This ▁Life ▁at ▁the ▁British ▁Film ▁Institute ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 9 6 ▁British ▁television ▁series ▁debut s ▁Category : 1 9 9
7 ▁British ▁television ▁series ▁end ings ▁Category : 1 9 9 0 s ▁British ▁legal ▁television ▁series ▁Category : 1 9 9 0 s ▁British ▁LGBT - related ▁television ▁series ▁Category : 1 9 9 0 s ▁British ▁workplace ▁drama ▁television ▁series ▁Category : 1 9 9 0 s ▁LGBT - related ▁drama ▁television ▁series ▁Category : B BC ▁television ▁dram as ▁Category : B is ex ual ity - related ▁television ▁series ▁Category : B rit ish ▁legal ▁drama ▁television ▁series ▁Category : B rit ish ▁LGBT - related ▁drama ▁television ▁series ▁Category : B rit ish ▁workplace ▁television ▁series ▁Category : C as ual ▁sex ▁in ▁television ▁Category : English - language ▁television ▁programs ▁Category : E pisode ▁list ▁using ▁the ▁default ▁Line Color ▁Category : G ay - related ▁television ▁programs ▁Category : Tele vision ▁shows ▁set ▁in ▁London <0x0A> </s> ▁Tru ▁V u ▁Entertainment ▁is ▁an ▁entertainment ▁company ▁that ▁streams ▁live ▁programs ▁via ▁their ▁website ▁ 2 4 / 7 . ▁All ▁of ▁the ▁programming ▁on ▁the ▁site ▁is ▁audience ▁interactive . ▁As ▁each ▁show ▁is ▁hosted ▁by ▁a ▁person ▁called ▁a ▁Cy ber ▁J ockey ▁( C J ), ▁Internet ▁viewers ▁from ▁around ▁the ▁world ▁will ▁watch ▁the ▁C Js ▁and ▁communicate ▁instant ane ously ▁with ▁them ▁via ▁typed ▁comments ▁fl ashed ▁on ▁a ▁monitor ▁in ▁a ▁studio . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁IM 2 K ▁Tru ▁V u ▁Entertainment ▁initially ▁began ▁business ▁in ▁Nash ville , ▁Tennessee ▁during ▁October ▁ 1 9 9 8 ▁as ▁IM 2 K
▁( Intern et ▁Music ▁ 2 0 0 0 ). ▁It ▁was ▁then ▁described ▁as ▁a ▁company ▁that ▁combined ▁television , ▁radio , ▁and ▁the ▁Internet ▁to ▁create ▁a ▁medium ▁that ▁takes ▁the ▁music ▁industry ▁into ▁the ▁new ▁mill enn ium . ▁The ▁IM 2 K ▁website ▁was ▁used ▁as ▁a ▁beta ▁test , ▁and ▁ran ▁live ▁for ▁three ▁weeks ▁t ally ing ▁more ▁than ▁ 3 0 0 , 0 0 0 ▁visits ▁ ▁amongst ▁viewers ▁before ▁the ▁website ▁was ▁taken ▁down ▁and ▁the ▁studio ▁was ▁de construct ed . ▁ ▁R A VE 2 0 0 0 ▁The ▁company ▁rel oc ated ▁to ▁Hudson , ▁Florida ▁and ▁returned ▁in ▁October ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁as ▁R A VE 2 0 0 0 ▁( Radio ▁Audio ▁Visual ▁Entertainment ). ▁Starting ▁with ▁more ▁than ▁ 2 0 0 ▁C Js ▁ ▁R A VE 2 0 0 0 ▁debut ed , ▁as ▁a ▁live ▁music ▁channel ▁that ▁played ▁all ▁gen res . ▁After ▁one ▁year , ▁around ▁the ▁same ▁time ▁as ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁D ot - com ▁bubble , ▁the ▁website ▁was ▁once ▁again ▁put ▁to ▁an ▁end . ▁ ▁Tru ▁V u ▁Entertainment ▁In ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁the ▁company ▁rel oc ated ▁to ▁McK ees port , ▁Pennsylvania . ▁Now ▁named ▁Tru ▁V u ▁Entertainment , ▁the ▁company ▁opened ▁its ▁doors ▁at ▁the ▁former ▁Im mel ' s ▁department ▁store . ▁Tru ▁V u ▁Entertainment ▁is ▁using ▁the ▁former ▁clothing ▁store ▁to ▁build ▁a ▁number ▁of
▁stud ios . ▁Tru ▁V u ▁Entertainment ▁plans ▁to ▁launch ▁their ▁new ▁music ▁channel ▁in ▁early ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁ ▁Pittsburgh ▁Post - G az ette ▁ ▁Tru ▁V u ▁Entertainment ▁ ▁Category : Mass ▁media ▁companies ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁States <0x0A> </s> ▁ 6 4 1 ▁Ag nes , ▁prov is ional ▁design ation ▁, ▁is ▁a ▁st ony ▁Flor ian ▁aster oid ▁and ▁slow ▁rot ator ▁from ▁the ▁inner ▁regions ▁of ▁the ▁aster oid ▁belt , ▁approximately ▁ 9 ▁kilom eters ▁in ▁diameter . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁discovered ▁on ▁ 8 ▁September ▁ 1 9 0 7 , ▁by ▁German ▁astronom er ▁Max ▁Wolf ▁at ▁He idel berg ▁Observ atory ▁in ▁southern ▁Germany . ▁The ▁meaning ▁of ▁the ▁aster oids ' s ▁name ▁is ▁unknown . ▁ ▁Class ification ▁and ▁orbit ▁▁ ▁Ag nes ▁is ▁a ▁st ony ▁S - type ▁aster oid ▁and ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Fl ora ▁family , ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁largest ▁groups ▁of ▁st ony ▁aster oids ▁in ▁the ▁aster oid ▁belt . ▁It ▁or bits ▁the ▁Sun ▁in ▁the ▁inner ▁main - b elt ▁at ▁a ▁distance ▁of ▁ 1 . 9 – 2 . 5 AU ▁once ▁every ▁ 3 ▁years ▁and ▁ 4 ▁months ▁( 1 , 2 0 8 ▁days ). ▁Its ▁orbit ▁has ▁an ▁ecc entric ity ▁of ▁ 0 . 1 3 ▁and ▁an ▁incl ination ▁of ▁ 2 ° ▁with ▁respect ▁to ▁the ▁e cl ipt ic .
▁The ▁body ' s ▁observation ▁arc ▁begins ▁with ▁a ▁recovered ▁observation ▁at ▁Vienna ▁Observ atory , ▁one ▁month ▁after ▁its ▁official ▁discovery ▁observation ▁at ▁He idel berg . ▁ ▁Physical ▁characteristics ▁ ▁Rot ation ▁period ▁▁ ▁In ▁March ▁ 1 9 7 5 , ▁phot ometric ▁observations ▁by ▁Swedish ▁astronom er ▁Cl a es - In g var ▁L ager kv ist ▁measured ▁a ▁period ▁of ▁ 8 . 9 ▁hours ▁for ▁Ag nes . ▁The ▁light cur ve , ▁however , ▁was ▁fragment ary ▁and ▁the ▁result ▁uncertain ▁( ). ▁ ▁In ▁October ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁the ▁first ▁reliable ▁rot ational ▁light cur ve ▁of ▁Ag nes ▁was ▁obtained ▁by ▁astronom ers ▁Frederick ▁Pil cher , ▁Loren zo ▁Franco ▁and ▁Luis ▁Mart ine z ▁at ▁Organ ▁M esa ▁ ▁and ▁Bal z aret to ▁Observ atory ▁ ▁respectively . ▁Light cur ve ▁analysis ▁gave ▁a ▁well - defined ▁rotation ▁period ▁of ▁ 1 7 8 . 0 ▁hours ▁with ▁a ▁bright ness ▁variation ▁of ▁ 0 . 5 5 ▁magnitude ▁( ). ▁The ▁team ▁also ▁assumed ▁a ▁standard ▁al bed o ▁for ▁st ony ▁S - type ▁aster oids ▁of ▁ 0 . 2 0 , ▁calculated ▁an ▁absolute ▁magnitude ▁of ▁ 1 2 . 6 4 , ▁ ▁estimated ▁a ▁mean ▁diameter ▁of ▁ ▁kilom eters , ▁and ▁measured ▁a ▁V – R ▁color ▁index ▁of ▁ 0 . 5 0 . ▁ ▁With ▁such ▁a ▁long ▁rotation ▁period , ▁Ag nes ▁is ▁a ▁slow ▁rot ator ,
▁of ▁which ▁a ▁few ▁hundred ▁minor ▁planets ▁are ▁currently ▁known . ▁ ▁Diam eter ▁and ▁al bed o ▁▁ ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁surveys ▁carried ▁out ▁by ▁the ▁Japanese ▁Ak ari ▁satellite ▁and ▁NASA ' s ▁W ide - field ▁In fr ared ▁Survey ▁Expl orer ▁with ▁its ▁subsequent ▁N EO WISE ▁mission , ▁Ag nes ▁measures ▁between ▁ 8 . 2 6 ▁and ▁ 9 . 7 4 ▁kilom eters ▁in ▁diameter , ▁and ▁its ▁surface ▁has ▁an ▁al bed o ▁between ▁ 0 . 2 1 ▁and ▁ 0 . 3 0 . ▁The ▁Coll abor ative ▁A ster oid ▁Light cur ve ▁Link ▁ad opts ▁the ▁results ▁obtained ▁by ▁Pil cher , ▁and ▁calcul ates ▁a ▁diameter ▁of ▁ 8 . 8 1 ▁kilom eters . ▁ ▁N aming ▁▁ ▁Any ▁reference ▁of ▁this ▁minor ▁planet ' s ▁name ▁to ▁a ▁person ▁or ▁occur rence ▁is ▁unknown . ▁ ▁Un known ▁meaning ▁▁ ▁Among ▁the ▁many ▁thousands ▁of ▁named ▁minor ▁planets , ▁Ag nes ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁ 1 2 0 ▁aster oids , ▁for ▁which ▁no ▁official ▁n aming ▁c itation ▁has ▁been ▁published . ▁All ▁of ▁these ▁low - number ed ▁aster oids ▁have ▁numbers ▁between ▁ ▁and ▁ ▁and ▁were ▁discovered ▁between ▁ 1 8 7 6 ▁and ▁the ▁ 1 9 3 0 s , ▁predomin antly ▁by ▁astronom ers ▁August e ▁Char lo is , ▁Johann ▁Pal isa , ▁Max ▁Wolf ▁and ▁Karl ▁Rein m uth ▁( also ▁see ▁category ). ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex
ternal ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Occ ult ation ▁of ▁Star ▁H IP ▁ 1 0 3 0 3 2 ▁by ▁ 6 4 1 ▁Ag nes ▁ ▁A ster oid ▁Light cur ve ▁Database ▁( LC DB ), ▁query ▁form ▁( info ) ▁ ▁Dictionary ▁of ▁Minor ▁Plan et ▁Names , ▁Google ▁books ▁ ▁A ster oids ▁and ▁com ets ▁rotation ▁curves , ▁C d R ▁– ▁Observ ato ire ▁de ▁Gen ève , ▁Ra oul ▁Be h rend ▁ ▁Dis covery ▁Circ um stances : ▁Number ed ▁Minor ▁Plan ets ▁( 1 )- ( 5 0 0 0 ) ▁– ▁Minor ▁Plan et ▁Center ▁▁▁▁▁▁ 0 0 0 6 4 1 ▁ 0 0 0 6 4 1 ▁Category : Dis cover ies ▁by ▁Max ▁Wolf ▁Category : Min or ▁planets ▁with ▁names ▁of ▁unknown ▁origin ▁Category : Named ▁minor ▁planets ▁ 0 0 0 6 4 1 ▁ 1 9 0 7 0 9 0 8 <0x0A> </s> ▁National ▁Ob server ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁▁ ▁National ▁Ob server ▁( Un ited ▁States ), ▁a ▁dis contin ued ▁newspaper ▁which ▁ran ▁from ▁ 1 9 6 2 ▁to ▁ 1 9 7 7 ▁ ▁National ▁Ob server ▁( Austral ia ), ▁a ▁quarter ly ▁political ▁magazine ▁which ▁ran ▁from ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁ ▁National ▁Ob server ▁( UK ), ▁a ▁journal ▁published ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁century ▁ ▁National ▁Ob server ▁( Can ada ), ▁an ▁online ▁news ▁publication ▁focusing ▁on ▁energy ,
▁environment ▁and ▁federal ▁politics <0x0A> </s> ▁" Suite : ▁Jud y ▁Blue ▁E yes " ▁is ▁a ▁song ▁written ▁by ▁Stephen ▁St ills ▁and ▁performed ▁by ▁C ros by , ▁St ills ▁& ▁Nash ▁( CS N ). ▁It ▁appeared ▁on ▁the ▁group ' s ▁self - t itled ▁debut ▁album ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 9 ▁and ▁was ▁released ▁as ▁a ▁single , ▁reaching ▁# 2 1 ▁on ▁the ▁Bill board ▁Hot ▁ 1 0 0 ▁pop ▁singles ▁chart . ▁In ▁Canada , ▁" Suite : ▁Jud y ▁Blue ▁E yes " ▁pe aked ▁at ▁number ▁ 1 1 . ▁The ▁song ▁is ▁a ▁suite ▁in ▁the ▁classical ▁sense , ▁i . e . ▁an ▁ordered ▁set ▁of ▁musical ▁pieces . ▁ ▁Background ▁The ▁title ▁" Suite : ▁Jud y ▁Blue ▁E yes " ▁( a ▁play ▁on ▁words ▁for ▁" S weet ▁Jud y ▁Blue ▁E yes ") ▁refers ▁to ▁Stephen ▁St ills ' ▁former ▁girlfriend , ▁singer / s ong writer ▁Jud y ▁Collins , ▁and ▁the ▁lyrics ▁to ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁suite ' s ▁sections ▁consist ▁of ▁his ▁thoughts ▁about ▁her ▁and ▁their ▁im min ent ▁break up . ▁Collins ▁is ▁known ▁for ▁her ▁pier cing ▁blue ▁eyes . ▁During ▁a ▁July ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁interview ▁for ▁the ▁National ▁Public ▁Radio ▁program ▁All ▁Things ▁Consider ed , ▁St ills ▁revealed ▁that ▁Collins ▁was ▁present ▁in ▁the ▁studio ▁when ▁the ▁demo ▁t apes ▁were ▁recorded ▁and ▁had ▁advised ▁him , ▁" Don ' t
▁stay ▁in ▁here ▁[ in ▁the ▁studio ] ▁all ▁night ▁now ." ▁St ills ▁also ▁commented ▁that ▁the ▁break up ▁with ▁Collins ▁" was ▁im min ent . ▁... ▁We ▁were ▁just ▁a ▁little ▁too ▁big ▁for ▁one ▁house ." ▁St ills ▁said ▁that ▁he ▁liked ▁parts ▁of ▁this ▁demo ▁version ▁of ▁" Suite : ▁Jud y ▁Blue ▁E yes " ▁better ▁than ▁the ▁released ▁version ; ▁the ▁song ▁and ▁other ▁dem os ▁of ▁early ▁C ros by , ▁St ills ▁and ▁Nash ▁songs ▁were ▁released ▁commer c ially ▁on ▁the ▁album ▁Just ▁Roll ▁T ape . ▁ ▁Collins ▁and ▁St ills ▁had ▁met ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 7 ▁and ▁dated ▁for ▁two ▁years . ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 9 , ▁she ▁was ▁appearing ▁in ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁Shakespeare ▁Festival ▁musical ▁production ▁of ▁Pe er ▁Gy nt ▁and ▁had ▁fallen ▁in ▁love ▁with ▁her ▁co - star ▁St acy ▁Ke ach , ▁eventually ▁leaving ▁St ills ▁for ▁him . ▁St ills ▁was ▁devast ated ▁by ▁the ▁possible ▁break up ▁and ▁wrote ▁the ▁song ▁as ▁a ▁response ▁to ▁his ▁sad ness . ▁In ▁a ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁interview , ▁Collins ▁gave ▁her ▁impress ions ▁of ▁when ▁she ▁first ▁heard ▁the ▁song : ▁ ▁Com position ▁ ▁The ▁recording ▁features ▁an ▁ac oustic ▁guitar ▁tun ed ▁to ▁E EEE BE ▁(" B ru ce ▁Pal mer ▁Mod al ▁Tun ing ") ▁vs . ▁the ▁standard ▁E AD GB E ▁tun ing . ▁This ▁style ▁of ▁tun ing ▁would ▁later ▁be ▁used
▁for ▁the ▁Dé jà ▁V u ▁songs ▁" 4 + 2 0 " ▁and ▁" Car ry ▁On ". ▁ ▁" Suite : ▁Jud y ▁Blue ▁E yes " ▁has ▁four ▁distinct ▁sections . ▁The ▁tim ings ▁below ▁are ▁for ▁the ▁full ▁album ▁version . ▁The ▁short ened ▁version ▁released ▁as ▁a ▁single ▁cut ▁the ▁second ▁and ▁fourth ▁vers es ▁from ▁the ▁first ▁section , ▁the ▁third ▁and ▁fourth ▁vers es ▁from ▁the ▁second ▁section , ▁and ▁the ▁final ▁verse ▁and ▁preced ing ▁break ▁from ▁the ▁third ▁section , ▁and ▁short ened ▁the ▁guitar ▁break ▁between ▁the ▁second ▁and ▁the ▁third ▁sections . ▁The ▁final ▁section ▁is ▁the ▁only ▁part ▁that ▁stayed ▁fully ▁intact ▁on ▁the ▁single . ▁ ▁The ▁first ▁section ▁is ▁a ▁traditional ▁pop ▁song ▁with ▁four ▁vers es , ▁featuring ▁a ▁ch orus ▁of ▁" I ▁am ▁yours , ▁you ▁are ▁mine , ▁you ▁are ▁what ▁you ▁are ." ▁Running ▁at ▁approximately ▁ 2 : 5 6 , ▁the ▁lead ▁vocal ▁is ▁performed ▁by ▁St ills , ▁with ▁C ros by ▁and ▁Nash ▁providing ▁harmon ies . ▁ ▁The ▁second ▁section ▁is ▁performed ▁in ▁half ▁time ▁relative ▁to ▁the ▁first ▁section , ▁and ▁features ▁four ▁vers es ▁of ▁three - part ▁harmony ▁from ▁the ▁band , ▁with ▁St ills ▁performing ▁a ▁brief ▁vocal ▁solo ▁between ▁the ▁second ▁and ▁third . ▁This ▁section ▁runs ▁from ▁ 2 : 5 6 ▁to ▁ 4 : 4 3 . ▁ ▁The ▁third ▁section ▁is ▁more ▁up beat ▁and ▁features ▁poet ic ▁lyrics ▁("
che st nut ▁brown ▁can ary , ▁rub y - th ro ated ▁sp arrow "), ▁lasting ▁from ▁ 4 : 4 3 ▁to ▁ 6 : 2 5 . ▁Each ▁of ▁the ▁three ▁phrases ▁is ▁initially ▁sung ▁by ▁St ills , ▁with ▁Nash ▁then ▁joining , ▁and ▁finally ▁C ros by ▁round ing ▁out ▁the ▁harmon ies . ▁Connect ing ▁the ▁phrases ▁are ▁instrumental ▁breaks ▁performed ▁by ▁St ills ▁on ▁ac oustic ▁guitar . ▁ ▁The ▁final ▁section ▁( the ▁c oda ) ▁is ▁sung ▁in ▁Spanish , ▁with ▁" do o - do o - do o - da - do o " ▁backing ▁vocals , ▁starting ▁at ▁ 6 : 3 4 ▁until ▁the ▁song ▁concl udes . ▁St ills ▁has ▁said ▁that ▁he ▁intention ally ▁made ▁the ▁final ▁st anz as ▁unexpected ▁and ▁difficult , ▁even ▁using ▁a ▁foreign ▁language ▁for ▁the ▁lyrics , ▁" just ▁to ▁make ▁sure ▁nobody ▁would ▁understand ▁it " ▁( not ▁even ▁Spanish ▁speaking ▁people ). ▁ ▁The ▁final ▁section ▁has ▁been ▁par od ied ▁many ▁times , ▁notably ▁in ▁Frank ▁Z appa ' s ▁compos itions ▁" B illy ▁the ▁Mountain " ▁and ▁" Mag dal ena " ▁on ▁The ▁M others ▁of ▁In vention ' s ▁album ▁Just ▁Another ▁Band ▁From ▁L . A . ▁" We ird ▁Al " ▁Y ank ov ic ▁performs ▁a ▁take off ▁of ▁it ▁(" M ission ▁Statement ") ▁on ▁his ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁album ▁Mand atory ▁Fun ; ▁instead ▁of ▁Spanish , ▁the
▁lyrics ▁are ▁corporate ▁buzz words ▁str ung ▁together ▁in ▁such ▁a ▁way ▁as ▁to ▁be ▁ultimately ▁nons ens ical . ▁It ▁is ▁also ▁sam pled ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁Cy press ▁Hill ▁song ▁" Arm ada ▁Lat ina ". ▁ ▁Live ▁performances ▁The ▁final ▁section ▁of ▁the ▁song ▁is ▁included ▁on ▁the ▁C SN Y ▁live ▁album ▁ 4 ▁Way ▁Street . ▁It ▁f ades ▁in ▁on ▁the ▁opening ▁of ▁side ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁album . ▁C SN ▁also ▁performed ▁" Suite : ▁Jud y ▁Blue ▁E yes " ▁as ▁their ▁opening ▁song ▁at ▁the ▁Wood stock ▁and ▁Live ▁A id ▁fest ivals , ▁and ▁their ▁performance ▁at ▁the ▁former ▁is ▁featured ▁in ▁the ▁film ▁Wood stock ▁( 1 9 7 0 ). ▁ ▁Crit ical ▁reception ▁ ▁Writing ▁for ▁The ▁New ▁York ▁Times ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 9 , ▁Robert ▁Christ g au ▁believed ▁that ▁while ▁" St ills ▁has ▁become ▁such ▁a ▁sophisticated ▁guitar ist ▁that ▁many ▁of ▁his ▁lines ▁lack ▁any ▁straight - on ▁rhythm ic ▁comp ulsion ", ▁his ▁" Suite : ▁Jud y ▁Blue ▁E yes " ▁is ▁" a ▁structural ▁triumph ▁which ▁could ▁never ▁have ▁been ▁brought ▁off ▁by ▁a ▁more ▁D ion ys iac ▁spirit ." ▁ ▁" Suite : ▁Jud y ▁Blue ▁E yes " ▁was ▁named ▁the ▁ 5 1 st ▁greatest ▁song ▁ever ▁in ▁a ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁list ▁by ▁V H 1 . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 4 , ▁Roll ing ▁Stone ▁magazine ▁ranked ▁it
▁number ▁ 4 1 8 ▁on ▁its ▁list ▁of ▁the ▁ 5 0 0 ▁Great est ▁Songs ▁of ▁All ▁Time . ▁It ▁was ▁also ▁included ▁in ▁the ▁Rock ▁and ▁Roll ▁Hall ▁of ▁Fame ' s ▁" 5 0 0 ▁Songs ▁That ▁Sh aped ▁Rock ▁& ▁Roll ". ▁ ▁Person nel ▁ ▁David ▁C ros by ▁– ▁harmony ▁vocals ▁Stephen ▁St ills ▁– ▁lead ▁and ▁harmony ▁vocals , ▁electric ▁and ▁ac oustic ▁gu it ars , ▁bass , ▁per cussion ▁Graham ▁Nash ▁– ▁harmony ▁vocals ▁Dallas ▁Taylor ▁- ▁drums ▁and ▁per cussion ▁ ▁Ch arts ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 9 ▁singles ▁Category : C ros by , ▁St ills , ▁Nash ▁& ▁Young ▁songs ▁Category : S ongs ▁written ▁by ▁Stephen ▁St ills ▁Category : At l antic ▁Records ▁singles ▁Category : Su ites ▁( mus ic ) ▁Category : 1 9 6 9 ▁songs <0x0A> </s> ▁T angu ing ui ▁( var iously ▁T angu ing ui ▁Is let ▁and ▁histor ically ▁Is la ▁T angu ing ui ) ▁is ▁a ▁small , ▁un in hab ited ▁island ▁in ▁nort he astern ▁I lo ilo , ▁Philippines . ▁It ▁is ▁a ▁minor ▁island ▁polit ically ▁administer ed ▁by ▁the ▁municip ality ▁of ▁Car les ▁and ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁eastern most ▁islands ▁in ▁the ▁Is las ▁de ▁G ig antes ▁arch ip el ago . ▁There ▁is ▁a ▁l ighth ouse ▁on ▁the ▁island . ▁ ▁Location ▁and ▁ge ography ▁ ▁T angu ing ui ▁is ▁a ▁small ▁c
ay ▁in ▁the ▁Vis ay an ▁Sea . ▁It ▁is ▁ ▁east ▁of ▁Pan ay ▁Island ▁and ▁almost ▁directly ▁north ▁of ▁B ant ay an ▁Island . ▁Fl at ▁and ▁sand y , ▁it ▁is ▁ ▁east - s out heast ▁of ▁G ig antes ▁Sur ▁and ▁is ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Is las ▁de ▁G ig antes ▁island ▁group . ▁ ▁L ighth ouse ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁Far os ▁Esp añ oles ▁de ▁Ul tr amar , ▁T angu ing ui ▁was ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 7 ▁major ▁l ighth ouses ▁of ▁the ▁Philippines ▁during ▁the ▁Spanish ▁occupation ▁of ▁the ▁Philippines . ▁In ▁ 1 9 0 3 , ▁the ▁US ▁government ▁built ▁a ▁ ▁l ighth ouse ▁on ▁T angu ing ui . ▁The ▁current ▁l ighth ouse ▁is ▁a ▁black ▁steel ▁structure ▁ ▁high . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁▁ ▁List ▁of ▁islands ▁in ▁the ▁Philippines ▁ ▁L ighth ouses ▁in ▁the ▁Philippines ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁Category : Is lands ▁of ▁I lo ilo ▁Category : Un in hab ited ▁islands ▁of ▁the ▁Philippines <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Ch âteau ▁P astr é , ▁formerly ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Ch ate au ▁de ▁Mont red on , ▁is ▁a ▁nineteenth - century ▁building ▁in ▁the ▁sub urb ▁of ▁Mont red on ▁to ▁the ▁south ▁of ▁Mar se ille , ▁France . ▁Origin ally ▁the ▁property ▁of ▁a ▁wealthy ▁merchant ▁family , ▁as ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁it ▁hous ed ▁the ▁Fa ï ence ▁pot tery ▁museum , ▁the ▁Mus ée
▁de ▁la ▁Fa ï ence ▁de ▁Mar se ille . ▁The ▁grounds ▁of ▁the ▁ch ate au ▁are ▁a ▁public ▁park . ▁ ▁Foundation ▁Eug ène ▁P astr é ▁( 1 8 0 6 – 1 8 6 8 ) ▁and ▁his ▁wife ▁C é line ▁de ▁Be aul inc ourt - Mar le ▁( 1 8 2 5 - 1 9 0 0 ) ▁belonged ▁to ▁a ▁wealthy ▁family ▁of ▁Mar se ille ▁ship owners ▁and ▁merch ants . ▁Between ▁ 1 8 3 6 ▁and ▁ 1 8 5 3 ▁the ▁P astr é ▁family ▁accum ulated ▁ ▁of ▁land ▁between ▁P oin te ▁Rou ge ▁and ▁the ▁G rot te ▁Roll and ▁in ▁the ▁south ▁of ▁Mar se ille , ▁which ▁they ▁made ▁into ▁a ▁park . ▁ ▁The ▁natural ▁veget ation ▁would ▁have ▁been ▁scrub , ▁Ale ppo ▁p ines , ▁o aks , ▁la ure l ▁and ▁jun iper . ▁Before ▁the ▁Canal ▁de ▁Mar se ille ▁was ▁constructed ▁to ▁this ▁point , ▁the ▁family ▁had ▁to ▁go ▁to ▁great ▁lengths ▁to ▁obtain ▁water , ▁with ▁which ▁they ▁ir rig ated ▁and ▁created ▁lawn s ▁in ▁the ▁lower ▁levels ▁ ▁with ▁gardens ▁of ▁v ines , ▁cere als ▁and ▁or ch ards ▁of ▁al mond s , ▁fig s ▁and ▁apr ic ot . ▁The ▁P astr és ▁had ▁three ▁large ▁houses ▁built ▁in ▁the ▁park ▁between ▁ 1 8 4 5 ▁and ▁ 1 8 6 5 : ▁the ▁Ch âteau ▁E str ang in , ▁Ch
âteau ▁P astr é ▁and ▁Ch âteau ▁Sand erv al . ▁ ▁Building ▁The ▁Paris ian ▁architect ▁Jean - Char les ▁Dan joy ▁designed ▁the ▁Ch âteau ▁P astr é , ▁the ▁largest ▁of ▁the ▁buildings , ▁completed ▁in ▁ 1 8 6 2 . ▁The ▁three - story ▁building ▁was ▁designed ▁to ▁meet ▁the ▁needs ▁of ▁its ▁owners ▁for ▁a ▁place ▁where ▁they ▁could ▁hold ▁entertain ments ▁for ▁many ▁people . ▁The ▁Nou velle ▁Rev ue ▁in ▁its ▁g ossip ▁section ▁Chron ique ▁de ▁L ' É l ég ance ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 4 ▁described ▁a ▁play ▁being ▁presented ▁at ▁the ▁home ▁of ▁M me ▁Past re . ▁ ▁The ▁ch ate au ▁is ▁located ▁between ▁the ▁hills ▁of ▁Mar se ille vey re ▁and ▁the ▁Mediterranean ▁Sea , ▁with ▁large ▁windows ▁looking ▁out ▁over ▁the ▁park . ▁The ▁exterior ▁design ▁is ▁elegant ▁and ▁warm . ▁Jean ▁Dan joy ▁chose ▁to ▁design ▁a ▁re interpret ation ▁of ▁a ▁building ▁from ▁the ▁Louis ▁XIII ▁period . ▁In ▁the ▁fac ade ▁he ▁bl ended ▁br icks ▁from ▁Mar se ille ▁with ▁bl onde ▁stone ▁from ▁Ar les . ▁These ▁meet ▁in ▁rhythm ic ▁curves ▁and ▁counter - cur ves . ▁ ▁Past ▁residents ▁ ▁Eug ène ▁and ▁C é line ' s ▁son ▁An ge ▁André ▁P astr é ▁( 1 8 5 6 - 1 9 2 6 ) ▁was ▁made ▁a ▁Roman ▁Count . ▁He ▁married ▁Claire ▁Gold sch midt ▁around ▁ 1 8 8 5 , ▁and ▁they ▁had
▁four ▁children : ▁Od ette , ▁D iane ▁( 1 8 8 8 - 1 9 7 1 ), ▁Jean ▁André ▁and ▁Louis . ▁Jean ▁P astr é ▁was ▁born ▁on ▁ 2 ▁December ▁ 1 8 8 8 ▁in ▁Mar se ille , ▁and ▁inherited ▁the ▁title ▁of ▁" Count ". ▁In ▁ 1 9 1 8 ▁he ▁married ▁Louise ▁( L ily ) ▁Double . ▁The ▁couple ▁had ▁three ▁children . ▁Jean ▁P astr é ▁played ▁on ▁France ' s ▁pol o ▁team ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 2 4 ▁Summer ▁Olympic ▁games . ▁He ▁died ▁in ▁Paris ▁on ▁ 2 9 ▁June ▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 7 1 . ▁Their ▁daughter ▁Nad ia ▁P astr é ▁helped ▁in ▁the ▁escape ▁lines ▁for ▁All ied ▁prisoners ▁during ▁World ▁War ▁II . ▁ ▁Count ess ▁Lily ▁P astr é ▁was ▁born ▁Louise ▁Double ▁de ▁Saint ▁Lam bert ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 1 . ▁Her ▁mother ▁V éra ▁Magn an ▁was ▁partly ▁Russian , ▁and ▁was ▁grand d aughter ▁of ▁Bernard ▁Pierre ▁Magn an , ▁a ▁Marshal ▁of ▁France . ▁Her ▁father ▁was ▁Paul ▁Double ▁( 1 8 6 8 - 1 9 3 5 ), ▁son ▁of ▁Lé on ▁Double ▁and ▁Marie ▁Pr at ▁( 1 8 4 9 - 1 9 3 9 ). ▁Marie ▁Pr at ▁was ▁the ▁daughter ▁of ▁Claud ius ▁Pr at ▁( 1 8 1 4 - 1 8 5 9 ), ▁the ▁co - found er ▁of ▁No illy
▁Pr at . ▁Count ess ▁Lily ▁Past re ▁inherited ▁the ▁No illy ▁Pr at ▁ver mouth ▁fortune . ▁After ▁Count ess ▁Lily ▁and ▁Jean ▁P astr é ▁divor ced ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 , ▁she ▁continued ▁to ▁live ▁at ▁the ▁Ch ate au ▁de ▁Mont red on . ▁She ▁turned ▁it ▁into ▁a ▁refuge ▁for ▁artists ▁fle eing ▁the ▁Nazi ▁regime ▁in ▁occupied ▁France , ▁of ▁whom ▁many ▁were ▁Jewish . ▁ ▁Lily ▁P astr é ▁remained ▁on ▁good ▁terms ▁with ▁the ▁authorities , ▁and ▁invited ▁them ▁to ▁conc erts ▁that ▁she ▁arranged ▁at ▁the ▁ch ate au . ▁At ▁the ▁same ▁time , ▁she ▁was ▁shelter ing ▁Jewish ▁compos ers ▁and ▁musicians , ▁of ▁whom ▁perhaps ▁forty ▁stayed ▁at ▁the ▁ch ate au ▁at ▁different ▁times . ▁▁ ▁Nor bert ▁Gl anz berg , ▁who ▁played ▁piano ▁for ▁É d ith ▁P ia f , ▁was ▁hidden ▁at ▁the ▁ch ate au ▁at ▁the ▁singer ' s ▁request . ▁The ▁Spanish ▁cell ist ▁P ablo ▁Cas als ▁and ▁the ▁American ▁entertain er ▁Joseph ine ▁Baker ▁both ▁stayed ▁at ▁the ▁ch ate au ▁for ▁a ▁while , ▁ ▁as ▁did ▁the ▁pian ist ▁Clara ▁H ask il . ▁ ▁On ▁ 2 7 ▁July ▁ 1 9 4 2 ▁Past re ▁arranged ▁for ▁a ▁performance ▁of ▁A ▁Mid sum mer ▁Night ' s ▁Dream ▁at ▁the ▁ch ate au . ▁A ▁young ▁Christian ▁D ior ▁made ▁the ▁cost umes ▁from ▁the ▁drap eries ▁of ▁the ▁ch ate au . ▁The ▁Or
ch è stre ▁National ▁de ▁la ▁Rad iod iff usion ▁Franç aise , ▁conducted ▁by ▁Manuel ▁Ros ent hal , ▁provided ▁music . ▁The ▁Germans ▁occupied ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁ch ate au ▁when ▁they ▁took ▁over ▁the ▁south ▁of ▁France . ▁They ▁arrested ▁and ▁killed ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁guests ▁found ▁at ▁the ▁ch ate au . ▁▁ ▁After ▁the ▁war , ▁Count ess ▁Lily ▁contributed ▁to ▁the ▁foundation ▁of ▁the ▁A ix - en - Prov ence ▁Festival ▁of ▁music ▁and ▁arts . ▁She ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 4 , ▁having ▁spent ▁her ▁entire ▁fortune ▁helping ▁others , ▁much ▁of ▁it ▁during ▁the ▁war . ▁ ▁Recent ▁years ▁ ▁Between ▁ 1 9 6 6 ▁and ▁ 1 9 8 7 , ▁the ▁city ▁of ▁Mar se ille ▁bought ▁almost ▁all ▁of ▁the ▁property , ▁including ▁the ▁Ch âteau ▁P astr é , ▁Ch âteau ▁Sand erv al ▁and ▁the ▁bast ide ▁Cl ary . ▁It ▁had ▁the ▁Ch âteau ▁P astr é ▁carefully ▁restored . ▁Since ▁May ▁ 1 9 9 5 , ▁it ▁has ▁hous ed ▁the ▁Fa ï ence ▁Museum , ▁and ▁displays ▁more ▁than ▁ 1 , 5 0 0 ▁pieces ▁craft ed ▁during ▁a ▁period ▁sp anning ▁more ▁than ▁ 7 0 0 0 ▁years . ▁ ▁Mar se ille ▁has ▁been ▁chosen ▁as ▁the ▁" Europe an ▁cultural ▁capital " ▁for ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁As ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁preparation ▁for ▁this , ▁the ▁government ▁plans ▁to ▁transfer ▁the ▁Fa ï ence ▁Museum
▁to ▁the ▁Ch âteau ▁Bor é ly , ▁which ▁will ▁be ▁adapted ▁for ▁the ▁planned ▁Museum ▁of ▁Dec or ative ▁Arts ▁and ▁F ashion . ▁ ▁The ▁grounds ▁are ▁now ▁a ▁public ▁park ▁commonly ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Camp agne ▁P astr é . ▁Of ▁this , ▁ ▁are ▁formally ▁laid ▁out ▁with ▁lawn s , ▁woods ▁and ▁two ▁artificial ▁l akes , ▁while ▁ ▁have ▁more ▁natural ▁veget ation . ▁The ▁central ▁av enue ▁from ▁the ▁entrance ▁to ▁the ▁ch ate au ▁is ▁over ▁ ▁long . ▁Apart ▁from ▁the ▁l akes , ▁the ▁park ▁includes ▁play ground s , ▁canal ▁areas ▁and ▁h iking ▁trails . ▁The ▁gardens ▁are ▁decorated ▁with ▁stat ues . ▁From ▁a ▁steep ▁hill , ▁visitors ▁have ▁views ▁of ▁Mar se ille . ▁The ▁entire ▁forest ed ▁area ▁of ▁the ▁park ▁is ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Cal an ques ▁World ▁Heritage ▁Site . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁Notes ▁ ▁Cit ations ▁ ▁S ources ▁▁▁▁ ▁Past re ▁Category : M useum s ▁in ▁Mar se ille ▁Category : H ouses ▁completed ▁in ▁ 1 8 6 2 ▁Category : 1 8 6 2 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁France <0x0A> </s> ▁K oth and aram as w ami ▁Temple ▁is ▁a ▁Hindu ▁temple ▁located ▁at ▁N and amb ak k am , ▁a ▁sub urb ▁of ▁Chen na i , ▁India . ▁D ed icated ▁to ▁R ama , ▁the ▁spot ▁is ▁associated ▁with ▁the ▁legendary ▁sage ▁B hr igu . ▁ ▁History ▁▁ ▁The ▁temple ▁was ▁constructed ▁by ▁V ij ay
an ag ara ▁Empire . ▁The ▁kings , ▁initially , ▁built ▁shr ines ▁for ▁R ama , ▁L ak sh man a ▁and ▁S ita . ▁Later ▁shr ines ▁were ▁built ▁for ▁S rin iv asa , ▁Al w ars , ▁Han uman , ▁etc .' ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : H ind u ▁tem ples ▁in ▁Chen na i ▁Category : R ama ▁tem ples <0x0A> </s> ▁But ch ▁and ▁Sund ance : ▁The ▁Early ▁Days ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 7 9 ▁Western ▁film ▁and ▁pre quel ▁of ▁sorts ▁to ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 9 ▁film ▁But ch ▁Cass idy ▁and ▁the ▁Sund ance ▁Kid . ▁It ▁stars ▁Tom ▁Ber enger ▁as ▁But ch ▁Cass idy ▁and ▁William ▁K att ▁as ▁the ▁Sund ance ▁Kid . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁directed ▁by ▁Richard ▁Les ter ▁and ▁written ▁by ▁All an ▁Burn s . ▁It ▁generally ▁received ▁mixed ▁reviews ▁but ▁was ▁nominated ▁for ▁an ▁Oscar ▁for ▁Best ▁Cost ume ▁Design . ▁ ▁Plot ▁ ▁In ▁Wy oming , ▁w ann abe ▁out law ▁But ch ▁Cass idy ▁jo ins ▁forces ▁with ▁shar ps h oot er ▁Harry ▁Long ab augh ▁( who ▁re names ▁himself ▁the ▁Sund ance ▁Kid ) ▁and ▁they ▁carry ▁out ▁a ▁series ▁of ▁rob ber ies . ▁However , ▁But ch ▁is ▁stalk ed ▁by ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁his ▁former ▁gang , ▁O . C . ▁H anks , ▁who ▁believes ▁he ▁bet rayed ▁the ▁gang . ▁The ▁two ▁spend ▁the ▁winter ▁in ▁Tell ur ide ▁until
▁they ▁hear ▁O . C . ▁is ▁in ▁town , ▁then ▁rush ▁away ▁to ▁deliver ▁dip h ther ia ▁ser um ▁to ▁snow bound ▁farms ▁and ▁become ▁heroes . ▁O . C . ▁amb ushes ▁them ▁and ▁wounds ▁Sund ance ▁by ▁mistake . ▁He ▁rec o vers ▁in ▁But ch ' s ▁home , ▁t ended ▁by ▁But ch ' s ▁wife ▁Mary ▁and ▁their ▁two ▁sons , ▁who ▁don ' t ▁know ▁their ▁father ' s ▁real ▁job ▁( he ▁takes ▁up ▁but ch ery ▁to ▁earn ▁money ). ▁O . C . ▁turns ▁up ▁for ▁a ▁show down ▁and ▁Sund ance ▁un int ention ally ▁kills ▁him . ▁Return ing ▁to ▁crime , ▁the ▁pair ▁rob ▁a ▁bank ▁and ▁then ▁decide ▁to ▁rob ▁a ▁money ▁train ▁guard ed ▁by ▁caval ry , ▁not ▁knowing ▁But ch ▁has ▁been ▁promised ▁an ▁am n esty ▁if ▁he ▁gives ▁up ▁crime . ▁They ▁get ▁the ▁money , ▁free ▁the ▁caval ry ▁horses ▁to ▁prevent ▁pursuit , ▁and ▁ride ▁away ▁dream ing ▁of ▁being ▁famous ▁out l aws . ▁ ▁Cast ▁ ▁Tom ▁Ber enger ▁as ▁But ch ▁Cass idy ▁/ ▁Robert ▁L er oy ▁Parker ▁William ▁K att ▁as ▁the ▁Sund ance ▁Kid ▁/ ▁Harry ▁Al on zo ▁Long ab augh ▁Jeff ▁Core y ▁as ▁Sher iff ▁Ray ▁B led so e ▁John ▁Sch uck ▁as ▁Kid ▁Cur ry ▁/ ▁Harvey ▁Logan ▁Michael ▁C . ▁G w yn ne ▁as ▁Mike ▁Cass idy ▁Peter ▁Well er ▁as ▁Joe ▁Le ▁F ors ▁Brian ▁Den ne
hy ▁as ▁O . C . ▁H anks ▁Christopher ▁Lloyd ▁as ▁Bill ▁Tod ▁Car ver ▁J ill ▁E iken berry ▁as ▁Mary ▁Parker ▁Joel ▁Fl u ellen ▁as ▁Jack ▁R egin a ▁B aff ▁as ▁Ruby ▁Peter ▁Bro cc o ▁as ▁Old ▁Rob ber ▁Vincent ▁Sch i av elli ▁as ▁Guard ▁Hugh ▁Gill in ▁as ▁Cyr us ▁Ant oon ▁Sher ril ▁Lyn n ▁R ett ino ▁as ▁Annie ▁ ▁E ly a ▁B ask in ▁as ▁Book - keeper ▁ ▁Production ▁All an ▁Burn s ▁worked ▁on ▁the ▁script ▁with ▁William ▁Gold man , ▁who ▁was ▁on ▁board ▁as ▁executive ▁producer ; ▁Gold man ▁added ▁some ▁scenes ▁and ▁moments ▁he ▁wanted ▁to ▁introduce ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁movie ▁but ▁the ▁bulk ▁of ▁the ▁script ▁was ▁Burn s '. ▁ ▁William ▁K att ▁had ▁recently ▁made ▁First ▁Love ▁and ▁was ▁being ▁called ▁" a ▁young ▁Robert ▁Red ford " ▁so ▁ended ▁up ▁being ▁cast ▁as ▁Sund ance . ▁Tom ▁Ber enger ▁was ▁cast ▁after ▁the ▁studio ▁were ▁impressed ▁by ▁his ▁performance ▁in ▁Looking ▁for ▁Mr ▁Good bar . ▁ ▁Jeff ▁Core y , ▁port ray ing ▁Sher iff ▁B led so e , ▁was ▁the ▁only ▁actor ▁to ▁re prise ▁his ▁role ▁from ▁the ▁original ▁ 1 9 6 9 ▁film . ▁▁ ▁Director ▁Richard ▁Les ter ▁stated ▁he ▁had ▁never ▁seen ▁the ▁first ▁movie . ▁ ▁Re ception ▁ ▁Crit ical ▁response ▁Roger ▁E bert ▁gave ▁the ▁film ▁ 2 . 5 ▁stars ▁out ▁of ▁ 4 ▁and ▁said ▁it ▁was ▁" techn ically
▁fine ▁... ▁But ▁as ▁we ▁listen ▁to ▁the ▁free whe eling ▁dialog , ▁as ▁we ▁watch ▁young ▁But ch ▁and ▁the ▁Kid ▁bl under ▁through ▁their ▁first ▁adventures ▁and ▁fin esse ▁their ▁later ▁ones , ▁there ' s ▁a ▁nag ging ▁question ▁b oun cing ▁about ▁in ▁the ▁backs ▁of ▁our ▁heads : ▁Why ▁are ▁we ▁in ▁this ▁theater ▁at ▁this ▁time ? ▁Did ▁we ▁want ▁to ▁know ▁about ▁the ▁early ▁days ? ▁Now ▁that ▁we ' re ▁here , ▁does ▁the ▁movie ▁make ▁us ▁care ? ▁Not ▁really ." ▁Gene ▁S isk el ▁of ▁the ▁Chicago ▁Trib une ▁also ▁gave ▁it ▁ 2 . 5 ▁stars , ▁writing ▁that ▁" F ox ▁succeeded ▁in ▁getting ▁the ▁actors ▁but ▁failed ▁to ▁provide ▁them ▁with ▁a ▁really ▁fine ▁script . ▁Which ▁is ▁not ▁to ▁say ▁that ▁' But ch ▁and ▁Sund ance : ▁The ▁Early ▁Days ' ▁is ▁a ▁bad ▁picture . ▁On ▁the ▁contrary , ▁it ' s ▁pleasant ▁enough , ▁but ▁that ' s ▁about ▁all ." ▁Vincent ▁Can by ▁of ▁The ▁New ▁York ▁Times ▁called ▁the ▁film ▁" so ▁lif eless ▁it ' s ▁almost ▁creep y ▁... ▁You ▁can ' t ▁believe ▁that ▁Mr . ▁Les ter ▁was ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁continent ▁when ▁it ▁was ▁made ." ▁Of ▁the ▁two ▁leads ▁Can by ▁said , ▁" There ' s ▁nothing ▁remark ably ▁wrong ▁about ▁their ▁performances ▁but , ▁for ▁one ▁reason ▁or ▁another , ▁there ' s ▁absolutely ▁no ▁rapport ▁between ▁them ." ▁▁ ▁Var iety ▁wrote , ▁" Tom
▁Ber enger ▁and ▁William ▁K att ▁acqu it ▁themselves ▁adm ir ably , ▁but ▁simply ▁can ' t ▁compete ▁with ▁the ▁ghost s ▁of ▁two ▁super st ars ▁... ▁There ▁are ▁some ▁pat ented ▁Les ter ▁hij inks ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁half - hour ▁of ▁the ▁pre quel , ▁but ▁these ▁p eter ▁out ▁surprisingly ▁soon . ▁What ' s ▁left ▁is ▁a ▁m ish m ash ▁of ▁effective ▁st unt work ▁and ▁visual s , ▁and ▁a ▁story ▁line ▁that ▁m ose ys ▁along ▁with ▁little ▁susp ense ▁or ▁excitement ." ▁▁ ▁Kevin ▁Thomas ▁of ▁the ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁Times ▁called ▁the ▁film ▁" ple asant ▁though ▁slight ." ▁Gary ▁Arnold ▁of ▁The ▁Washington ▁Post ▁declared ▁it ▁" the ▁first ▁attractive ▁Western ▁to ▁m ose y ▁across ▁the ▁screen ▁in ▁several ▁years . ▁Not ▁a ▁great ▁or ▁even ▁r ousing ▁Western , ▁but ▁at ▁least ▁a ▁pleasant , ▁warm ly ▁ev oc ative ▁one , ▁beautifully ▁visual ized ▁and ▁incident ally ▁enjoyable ▁for ▁its ▁settings , ▁texture , ▁d roll ▁tone ▁and ▁sometimes ▁am using ▁inter play ▁of ▁characters ." ▁ ▁The ▁film ▁reported ly ▁lost ▁$ 4 ▁million . ▁" It ▁was ▁a ▁terrible ▁movie ," ▁said ▁a ▁retired ▁Fox ▁executive . ▁" It ▁was ▁a ▁par ody ▁of ▁a ▁sat ire ▁and ▁it ▁was ▁fil med ▁by ▁talent less ▁people . ▁Natur ally ▁it ▁bom bed .... ▁It ▁takes ▁a ▁lot ▁of ▁money ▁to ▁produce ▁a ▁western . ▁It ▁has ▁to ▁be ▁shot ▁on ▁location . ▁You ▁need ▁horses , ▁a
▁period ▁town , ▁cost umes ▁and ▁other ▁par ap her nal ia ▁that ▁a ▁contemporary ▁film ▁such ▁as ▁' K ram er ▁vs . ▁K ram er ' ▁doesn ' t ▁require . ▁That ' s ▁why ▁stud ios ▁are ▁reluct ant ▁to ▁finance ▁them ." ▁ ▁Release ▁ ▁A ▁DVD ▁of ▁the ▁film ▁was ▁released ▁by ▁An chor ▁Bay ▁Entertainment ▁in ▁February ▁ 2 0 0 5 . ▁However , ▁An chor ▁Bay ▁has ▁since ▁lost ▁distribution ▁rights ▁to ▁the ▁film ▁and ▁the ▁DVD ▁was ▁forced ▁to ▁go ▁out ▁of ▁print . ▁ ▁Sh out ! ▁Factory ▁acquired ▁the ▁rights ▁to ▁the ▁film ▁and ▁released ▁it ▁on ▁DVD ▁as ▁a ▁double ▁bill ing ▁with ▁Death ▁Hunt ▁on ▁February ▁ 1 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁ ▁It ▁is ▁currently ▁available ▁on ▁BL U - RAY ▁through ▁Tim eless ▁Media ▁Group . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 7 9 ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 7 0 s ▁sequ el ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 7 0 s ▁Western ▁( gen re ) ▁films ▁Category : 2 0 th ▁Century ▁Fox ▁films ▁Category : American ▁films ▁Category : American ▁buddy ▁films ▁Category : American ▁sequ el ▁films ▁Category : American ▁Western ▁( gen re ) ▁films ▁Category : English - language ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁scored ▁by ▁Patrick ▁Williams ▁Category : Fil ms ▁directed ▁by ▁Richard ▁Les ter ▁Category : 1 9 7 0 s ▁action ▁films ▁Category : C ultural ▁dep ictions ▁of
▁But ch ▁Cass idy ▁and ▁the ▁Sund ance ▁Kid ▁Category : 1 9 7 0 s ▁pre quel ▁films ▁Category : Rev ision ist ▁Western <0x0A> </s> ▁José ▁Gal vez ▁District ▁is ▁one ▁of ▁twelve ▁districts ▁of ▁the ▁province ▁Cel end ín ▁in ▁Peru . ▁ ▁Re ferences <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁River ▁L une ▁is ▁a ▁river ▁in ▁County ▁Dur ham , ▁England . ▁ ▁The ▁L une ▁r ises ▁close ▁to ▁L une ▁Head ▁Farm ▁at ▁the ▁con flu ence ▁of ▁L une ▁Head ▁Beck ▁( cons ider ed ▁by ▁some ▁the ▁upper ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁L une ) ▁and ▁Cle ve ▁Beck . ▁L une ▁Head ▁Beck ▁itself ▁is ▁formed ▁by ▁the ▁meeting ▁of ▁Con n yp ot ▁Beck ▁and ▁Go al ▁S ike , ▁flowing ▁east ward ▁from ▁C umb ria . ▁ ▁The ▁river ▁flows ▁east ward ▁through ▁L un ed ale ▁to ▁Sel set ▁Res erv oir , ▁after ▁which ▁it ▁turns ▁north ▁east ▁and ▁feed s ▁Gr ass hol me ▁Res erv oir , ▁before ▁continuing ▁to ▁join ▁the ▁River ▁Te es ▁at ▁M ick leton . ▁ ▁S ett lement s ▁( from ▁source ) ▁ ▁Gr ains ▁o ' ▁th ' ▁Beck ▁ ▁Th ring arth ▁ ▁Bow bank ▁ ▁M ick leton ▁ ▁T ribut aries ▁( from ▁source ) ▁ ▁Cle ve ▁Beck ▁ ▁Ray back ▁S ike ▁ ▁L une ▁Head ▁Beck ▁ ▁Con n yp ot ▁Beck ▁ ▁Go al ▁S ike ▁ ▁Long ▁Gr ain ▁ ▁Ren ny g ill
▁S ike ▁ ▁Dow hill ▁S ike ▁ ▁Grow ▁S ike ▁ ▁Soul g ill ▁Beck ▁ ▁Row ant ree ▁Beck ▁ ▁H arg ill ▁Beck ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁L une <0x0A> </s> ▁Sé bast ien ▁Sch ull er ▁( born ▁ 2 6 ▁August ▁ 1 9 7 0 ) ▁is ▁a ▁French ▁singer , ▁song writer ▁and ▁film ▁score ▁composer ▁living ▁in ▁Philadelphia . ▁His ▁film ▁scores ▁include ▁To i ▁et ▁M oi ▁, ▁Not re ▁univers ▁imp it oy able , ▁Un ▁Jour ▁d ' É té , ▁One ▁O ▁One ▁and ▁High ▁Society . ▁ ▁Disc ography ▁▁▁ 1 9 9 9 : ▁Londres ▁( EP , ▁Warner ▁Music ▁France ) ▁▁ 2 0 0 2 : ▁We eping ▁Will ow ▁( EP , ▁E MI ▁Music ▁France / Cap itol ▁Records ) ▁▁ 2 0 0 5 : ▁H app iness ▁( LP , ▁Catalogue ▁Records / W agram ▁Music ) ▁▁ 2 0 0 5 : ▁Harm ony ▁( EP , ▁Catalogue ▁Records / W agram ▁Music ) ▁▁ 2 0 0 9 : ▁Even fall ▁( LP , ▁PI AS ▁France ) ▁▁ 2 0 1 4 : ▁Heat ▁W ave ▁( LP , ▁self - produ ced ) ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : English - language ▁sing ers ▁from ▁France ▁Category : F rench ▁film ▁score ▁compos ers ▁Category : M ale ▁film ▁score ▁compos ers ▁Category : F rench ▁male ▁sing ers ▁Category : F rench ▁singer - s ong writ
ers ▁Category : People ▁from ▁Y vel ines ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : 1 9 7 0 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁French ▁sing ers ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁male ▁sing ers <0x0A> </s> ▁Made ir an ▁land ▁sn ail ▁is ▁a ▁common ▁name ▁which ▁has ▁been ▁given ▁to ▁several ▁different ▁species ▁of ▁ter rest rial ▁g ast rop od s , ▁air - bre ath ing ▁land ▁sn ails : ▁▁ ▁Case ol us ▁calcul us ▁ ▁Ge om it ra ▁mon iz iana ▁ ▁Le i ost y la ▁ab bre vi ata , ▁ext inct ▁ ▁Le i ost y la ▁c ass ida ▁ ▁Le i ost y la ▁cor ne oc ost ata ▁ ▁Le i ost y la ▁g ib ba , ▁ext inct ▁ ▁Category : An imal ▁common ▁name ▁dis ambigu ation ▁pages <0x0A> </s> ▁Santiago ▁Garc ía ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁Santiago ▁Garc ía ▁( f encer ) ▁( 1 8 9 9 – ? ), ▁Spanish ▁f encer ▁ ▁Santiago ▁Garc ía ▁( Arg ent ine ▁football er ) ▁( born ▁ 1 9 8 8 ), ▁Argent ine ▁football er ▁currently ▁playing ▁with ▁De port ivo ▁Tol uc a ▁ ▁Santiago ▁Garc ía ▁( U rugu ay an ▁football er ) ▁( born ▁ 1 9 9 0 ), ▁U rugu ay an ▁football er ▁currently ▁playing ▁with ▁God oy ▁Cruz <0x0A> </s> ▁Events ▁in ▁the ▁year ▁ 1 8 8 0
▁in ▁India . ▁ ▁Inc umb ents ▁ ▁Em press ▁of ▁India ▁– ▁Queen ▁Victoria ▁ ▁V icer oy ▁of ▁India ▁– ▁Robert ▁Bul wer - L y tt on , ▁ 1 st ▁Earl ▁of ▁Ly tt on ▁ ▁V icer oy ▁of ▁India ▁– ▁George ▁Robinson , ▁ 1 st ▁Mar qu ess ▁of ▁R ip on ▁( from ▁ 8 ▁June ) ▁ ▁Events ▁▁ 1 8 ▁September ▁– ▁ 1 5 1 ▁people ▁were ▁buried ▁in ▁a ▁land sl ip ▁at ▁N ain i ▁Tal ▁following ▁ ▁of ▁rain ▁in ▁ 6 8 ▁hours . ▁ ▁Birth s ▁▁ 1 6 ▁March ▁– ▁Raj she k har ▁Bas u , ▁writer , ▁chem ist ▁and ▁le xic ographer ▁( d ied ▁ 2 7 ▁April ▁ 1 9 6 0 ). ▁▁ 3 1 ▁July ▁– ▁Mun sh i ▁Prem ch and , ▁fore most ▁Writer ▁in ▁Hindu - U r du ▁Liter ature ▁and ▁Indian ▁Freedom ▁fighter ▁( d ied ▁ 8 ▁October ▁ 1 9 3 6 ). ▁ ▁Death s ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁▁ ▁India ▁Category : Y ears ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁century ▁in ▁India <0x0A> </s> ▁In ▁cent rif ug ation ▁the ▁clearing ▁factor ▁or ▁k ▁factor ▁represents ▁the ▁relative ▁pel let ing ▁efficiency ▁of ▁a ▁given ▁cent rif uge ▁rot or ▁at ▁maximum ▁rotation ▁speed . ▁It ▁can ▁be ▁used ▁to ▁estimate ▁the ▁time ▁ ▁( in ▁hours ) ▁required ▁for ▁sed iment ation ▁of ▁a ▁fraction ▁with ▁a ▁known ▁sed
iment ation ▁coefficient ▁ ▁( in ▁s ved ber gs ): ▁▁▁▁ ▁The ▁value ▁of ▁the ▁clearing ▁factor ▁depends ▁on ▁the ▁maximum ▁angular ▁velocity ▁ ▁of ▁a ▁cent rif uge ▁( in ▁rad / s ) ▁and ▁the ▁minimum ▁and ▁maximum ▁radius ▁ ▁of ▁the ▁rot or : ▁▁▁▁ ▁As ▁the ▁rot ational ▁speed ▁of ▁a ▁cent rif uge ▁is ▁usually ▁specified ▁in ▁R PM , ▁the ▁following ▁formula ▁is ▁often ▁used ▁for ▁convenience : ▁▁▁▁ ▁Cent rif uge ▁manufacturers ▁usually ▁specify ▁the ▁minimum , ▁maximum ▁and ▁average ▁radius ▁of ▁a ▁rot or , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁ ▁factor ▁of ▁a ▁cent rif uge - rot or ▁combination . ▁ ▁For ▁runs ▁with ▁a ▁rot ational ▁speed ▁lower ▁than ▁the ▁maximum ▁rot or - speed , ▁the ▁ ▁factor ▁has ▁to ▁be ▁adjusted : ▁▁▁ 2 ▁▁ ▁The ▁K - factor ▁is ▁related ▁to ▁the ▁sed iment ation ▁coefficient ▁ ▁by ▁the ▁formula : ▁ ▁Where ▁ ▁is ▁the ▁time ▁to ▁pel let ▁a ▁certain ▁particle ▁in ▁hours . ▁Since ▁ ▁is ▁a ▁constant ▁for ▁a ▁certain ▁particle , ▁this ▁relationship ▁can ▁be ▁used ▁to ▁inter convert ▁between ▁different ▁rot ors . ▁ ▁Where ▁ ▁is ▁the ▁time ▁to ▁pel let ▁in ▁one ▁rot or , ▁and ▁ ▁is ▁the ▁K - factor ▁of ▁that ▁rot or . ▁ ▁is ▁the ▁K - factor ▁of ▁the ▁other ▁rot or , ▁and ▁, ▁the ▁time ▁to ▁pel let ▁in ▁the ▁other ▁rot or , ▁can ▁be ▁calculated . ▁In ▁this ▁manner , ▁one
▁does ▁not ▁need ▁access ▁to ▁the ▁exact ▁rot or ▁cited ▁in ▁a ▁protocol , ▁as ▁long ▁as ▁the ▁K - factor ▁can ▁be ▁calculated . ▁Many ▁online ▁calcul ators ▁are ▁available ▁to ▁perform ▁the ▁calculations ▁for ▁common ▁rot ors . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Beck man ▁C oul ter ▁lab ▁resources ▁and ▁man uals ▁ ▁Appendix ▁F ▁of ▁the ▁Cell ▁Bi ology ▁Labor atory ▁Man ual ▁ ▁Category : L abor atory ▁techniques ▁Category : Unit ▁operations <0x0A> </s> ▁Kl ip fish ▁is ▁any ▁of ▁various ▁species ▁of ▁fish ▁of ▁the ▁family ▁Clin idae ▁from ▁South ▁Africa : ▁ ▁Ag ile ▁kl ip fish ▁Clin us ▁ag ilis ▁ ▁Barb elled ▁kl ip fish ▁Cir r hib ar bis ▁cap ensis ▁ ▁Be arded ▁kl ip fish ▁Pav oc lin us ▁mental is ▁ ▁Blues p otted ▁kl ip fish ▁Pav oc lin us ▁ca er ule op unct atus ▁ ▁Bl unt n ose ▁kl ip fish ▁Clin us ▁cot to ides ▁ ▁Bot ▁River ▁kl ip fish ▁Clin us ▁spat ul atus ▁ ▁Bull ▁kl ip fish ▁Clin us ▁t aurus ▁ ▁Cape ▁kl ip fish ▁Clin us ▁bre v ic rist atus ▁ ▁Chinese ▁kl ip fish ▁Clin us ▁nem at opter us ▁ ▁Deep - ree f ▁kl ip fish ▁Pav oc lin us ▁sm ale i ▁ ▁Deep water ▁kl ip fish ▁Pav oc lin us ▁prof und us ▁ ▁False ▁Bay ▁kl ip fish ▁Clin us ▁lat ip ennis ▁ ▁Fleet ▁Kl ip
fish ▁Cl im ac op orus ▁nav alis ▁ ▁Gr ass ▁kl ip fish ▁Pav oc lin us ▁gr amin is ▁ ▁Helen ' s ▁kl ip fish ▁Clin us ▁hel ena e ▁ ▁High fin ▁Kl ip fish ▁Clin us ▁super c ili os us ▁ ▁Kel p ▁kl ip fish ▁Clin us ▁rot und if rons ▁ ▁L ace ▁kl ip fish ▁B len ni oc lin us ▁br ach y ce ph al us ▁ ▁Lad der ▁kl ip fish ▁Clin op orus ▁b ip or os us ▁ ▁Le af y ▁kl ip fish ▁Smith ich th ys ▁f uc orum ▁ ▁L ep rous ▁plat anna - kl ip fish ▁X en op oc lin us ▁le pro s us ▁ ▁Mouse y ▁kl ip fish ▁Fu com im us ▁mus ▁ ▁My a ' s ▁kl ip fish ▁Pav oc lin us ▁my ae ▁ ▁N os est ri pe ▁kl ip fish ▁M ura en oc lin us ▁d ors alis ▁ ▁Old man ▁kl ip fish ▁Clin us ▁wood i ▁ ▁Pe ac ock ▁kl ip fish ▁Pav oc lin us ▁p avo ▁ ▁Pl at anna ▁kl ip fish ▁X en op oc lin us ▁k och i ▁ ▁R ip pled ▁kl ip fish ▁Pav oc lin us ▁la urent ii ▁ ▁Rob ust ▁kl ip fish ▁Clin us ▁robust us ▁ ▁Sad ▁kl ip fish ▁Clin us ▁ac umin atus ▁ ▁Sil verb ubble ▁kl ip fish ▁B len ni oc lin
us ▁st ella ▁ ▁Sl ender ▁plat anna - kl ip fish ▁C ancell ox us ▁bur rell i ▁ ▁S link y ▁kl ip fish ▁Pav oc lin us ▁l itor af ont is ▁ ▁Sn aky ▁kl ip fish ▁B len n oph is ▁an gu ill aris ▁ ▁Spe ck led ▁kl ip fish ▁Clin us ▁ven ust ris ▁ ▁St ri ped ▁kl ip fish ▁B len n oph is ▁stri atus ▁ ▁Super ▁kl ip fish ▁Clin us ▁super c ili os us ▁ ▁West co ast ▁kl ip fish ▁Clin us ▁heter od on ▁ ▁White bl ot ched ▁kl ip fish ▁C ancell ox us ▁el ong atus <0x0A> </s> ▁Live ▁She p per ton ▁ 1 9 8 0 ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 8 2 ▁album ▁by ▁The ▁Dam ned . ▁The ▁first ▁live ▁album ▁from ▁the ▁band . ▁ ▁Background ▁ ▁This ▁recording ▁was ▁made ▁live ▁at ▁a ▁special ▁gig ▁played ▁for ▁the ▁members ▁of ▁The ▁Dam ned ▁F an ▁Club ▁at ▁She p per ton , ▁England ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 0 . ▁ ▁Six ▁of ▁the ▁tracks ▁were ▁originally ▁released ▁as ▁side ▁ 4 ▁of ▁The ▁Black ▁Album ▁in ▁the ▁UK . ▁( Th ose ▁tracks ▁are ▁Side ▁One : ▁ 1 - 3 ▁and ▁Side ▁Two : ▁ 2 - 4 .) ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁ ▁All ▁songs ▁written ▁by ▁Rat ▁Sc ab ies , ▁Captain ▁S ens ible , ▁Dave ▁Van ian ▁and ▁Al gy ▁Ward , ▁except
▁where ▁noted . ▁ ▁Side ▁One ▁" Love ▁Song " ▁- ▁ 2 : 1 0 ▁" Second ▁Time ▁Around ▁( Machine ▁Gun ▁Et iqu ette )" ▁( R at ▁Sc ab ies , ▁Captain ▁S ens ible , ▁Dave ▁Van ian , ▁Al gy ▁Ward , ▁Giovanni ▁Dad omo ) ▁- ▁ 1 : 4 1 ▁" I ▁Just ▁Can ’ t ▁Be ▁Happy ▁Today " ▁- ▁ 3 : 5 5 ▁" M el ody ▁Lee " ▁- ▁ 2 : 0 6 ▁" Help !" ▁( L enn on / Mc Cart ney ) ▁- ▁ 1 : 3 0 ▁" Ne at ▁Ne at ▁Ne at " ▁( B rian ▁James ) ▁- ▁ 4 : 3 7 ▁ ▁Side ▁Two ▁" Look ing ▁At ▁You " ▁( M ichael ▁Davis , ▁Wayne ▁K ram er , ▁Fred ▁" S onic " ▁Smith , ▁Dennis ▁Thompson , ▁Rob ▁T yn er ) ▁- ▁ 5 : 4 6 ▁" Sm ash ▁It ▁Up ▁( Parts ▁ 1 ▁And ▁ 2 )" ▁- ▁ 4 : 2 2 ▁" New ▁Rose " ▁( B rian ▁James ) ▁- ▁ 1 : 4 8 ▁" Plan ▁ 9 ▁Channel ▁ 7 " ▁- ▁ 4 : 4 7 ▁ ▁Person nel ▁ ▁The ▁Dam ned ▁Dave ▁Van ian ▁- ▁lead ▁vocals , ▁key boards ▁Captain ▁S ens ible ▁- ▁guitar , ▁backing ▁vocals ▁Paul ▁Gray ▁- ▁bass ▁Rat ▁Sc ab ies ▁- ▁drums ▁ ▁Category : The ▁Dam ned ▁( band
) ▁live ▁albums ▁Category : 1 9 8 0 ▁live ▁albums <0x0A> </s> ▁Al unda ▁Church ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁Luther an ▁church ▁at ▁ ▁Al unda ▁in ▁Ö st ham mar ▁Municip ality , ▁U pp s ala ▁County , ▁Sweden . ▁The ▁church ▁is ▁associated ▁with ▁ ▁the ▁Arch di oc ese ▁of ▁U pp s ala ▁of ▁the ▁Church ▁of ▁Sweden . ▁ ▁History ▁and ▁architecture ▁The ▁oldest ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁church ▁date ▁from ▁the ▁ 1 3 th ▁century , ▁and ▁the ▁church ▁was ▁expanded ▁to ▁its ▁present ▁size ▁during ▁the ▁ 1 5 th ▁century . ▁During ▁this ▁time ▁the ▁church ▁also ▁received ▁internal ▁brick ▁vault . ▁The ▁church ▁has ▁been ▁rav aged ▁by ▁fire ▁in ▁ 1 5 4 2 , ▁ 1 7 1 5 ▁and ▁ 1 8 5 9 . ▁Ren ov ations ▁have ▁been ▁carried ▁out ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 8 - 1 8 9 9 ▁and ▁ ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 7 ▁under ▁the ▁direction ▁of ▁architect ▁Ä r land ▁N ore en ▁( 1 8 8 8 - 1 9 7 0 ). ▁ ▁Among ▁the ▁furn ish ings , ▁an ▁alt arp iece ▁from ▁ 1 8 6 2 ▁was ▁painted ▁by ▁the ▁artist ▁Joh an ▁Zach ari as ▁Black stad ius ▁( 1 8 1 6 - 1 8 9 8 ) ▁with ▁a ▁framework ▁carved ▁by ▁sculpt or ▁Fred rik ▁S med berg . ▁The ▁bapt ism al ▁font ▁is ▁from ▁the ▁ 1 5 th ▁century
. ▁The ▁pul pit ▁was ▁carved ▁in ▁ 1 7 9 6 ▁by ▁Joh an ▁West berg ▁( 1 7 3 2 - 1 8 1 1 ). ▁▁▁ ▁The ▁congreg ation ▁is ▁cooper ating ▁with ▁a ▁congreg ation ▁in ▁Mar ij amp ol ė , ▁L ith u ania . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁Official ▁site ▁( in ▁Swedish ) ▁ ▁Category : 1 3 th - century ▁Church ▁of ▁Sweden ▁church ▁buildings ▁Category : Ch urches ▁in ▁U pp s ala ▁County ▁Category : Ch urches ▁in ▁the ▁Di oc ese ▁of ▁U pp s ala ▁Category : Ch urches ▁converted ▁from ▁the ▁Roman ▁Catholic ▁Church ▁to ▁the ▁Church ▁of ▁Sweden <0x0A> </s> ▁Dan ▁D . ▁Hall ▁( born ▁April ▁ 1 6 , ▁ 1 9 5 2 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Minnesota ▁politician ▁and ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Minnesota ▁Senate . ▁A ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Republican ▁Party ▁of ▁Minnesota , ▁he ▁represents ▁District ▁ 5 6 , ▁which ▁includes ▁portions ▁of ▁the ▁cities ▁of ▁Burn s ville , ▁Sav age ▁and ▁Lake ville ▁in ▁Dakota ▁and ▁Scott ▁count ies ▁in ▁the ▁southern ▁T win ▁C ities ▁met ropolitan ▁area . ▁ ▁Early ▁life , ▁education , ▁and ▁career ▁Hall ▁was ▁born ▁and ▁raised ▁in ▁Min ne apolis . ▁He ▁graduated ▁from ▁Roosevelt ▁High ▁School ▁in ▁Min ne apolis , ▁then ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁Aug sburg ▁College , ▁also ▁in ▁Min ne apolis , ▁where ▁he ▁maj ored ▁in ▁health ▁and ▁physical ▁education , ▁and ▁where ▁he ▁was ▁a
▁hockey ▁All - American . ▁ ▁He ▁is ▁vice ▁president ▁of ▁Business ▁Rel ations ▁with ▁J UX ▁Law ▁F irm ▁and ▁the ▁former ▁CEO ▁of ▁Mid west ▁Chap l ains , ▁a ▁former ▁director ▁of ▁the ▁Min ne apolis ▁Y M CA , ▁and ▁a ▁former ▁Christian ▁school ▁principal . ▁ ▁Minnesota ▁Senate ▁Hall ▁was ▁first ▁elected ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁and ▁was ▁re - e lected ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁His ▁special ▁legisl ative ▁concerns ▁include ▁jobs , ▁taxes , ▁the ▁budget , ▁and ▁education . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁Hall ▁opposed ▁the ▁Women ' s ▁Economic ▁Security ▁Act , ▁legislation ▁requiring ▁contract ors ▁to ▁pay ▁women ▁equally , ▁saying ▁" I ▁will ▁not ▁stand ▁here ▁and ▁vote ▁for ▁a ▁bill ▁that ▁prom otes ▁one ▁gender ▁over ▁another ." ▁ ▁Personal ▁life ▁Active ▁in ▁his ▁community , ▁Hall ▁is ▁a ▁volunteer ▁chap l ain ▁for ▁the ▁Burn s ville ▁Police ▁and ▁Fire ▁departments , ▁a ▁youth ▁hockey , ▁soccer , ▁vol ley ball ▁and ▁soft ball ▁coach , ▁an ▁Open ▁Ar ms ▁food ▁shelf ▁volunteer ▁coord inator , ▁a ▁youth ▁hockey ▁camp ▁volunteer , ▁and ▁a ▁Y M CA ▁Youth ▁in ▁Government ▁volunteer ▁advis or . ▁He ▁was ▁also ▁a ▁chap l ain ▁at ▁the ▁Minnesota ▁State ▁Cap itol ▁and ▁a ▁volunteer ▁chap l ain ▁after ▁the ▁I - 3 5 W ▁bridge ▁collapse . ▁ ▁Crit icism ▁According ▁to ▁Hall , ▁Hall ▁has ▁attracted ▁significant ▁criticism ▁in ▁regards ▁to ▁his ▁opposition ▁to ▁the
▁legal ization ▁of ▁gay ▁marriage ▁in ▁Minnesota , ▁saying ▁" I ▁can ' t ▁tell ▁you ▁how ▁many ▁letters ▁I ' ve ▁gotten ▁that ▁said , ▁' you ' re ▁a ▁big ot ,' ▁or ▁twe ets ▁' you ' re ▁a ▁big ot ▁because ▁you ▁disagree ,' " ▁Hall ▁said . ▁" Re ally ? ▁Really ? ▁I ' m ▁trying ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁nice ▁guy ▁but ▁I ▁have ▁a ▁different ▁opinion . ▁So ▁now ▁you ' re ▁label ing ▁me , ▁name - call ing ▁me ." ▁ ▁Comments ▁on ▁education ▁In ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁Hall ▁critic ized ▁government - mand ated ▁integration ▁and ▁seg regation , ▁saying ▁" I ▁watched ▁Min ne apolis ▁get ▁destroyed , ▁so ▁I ▁not ▁only ▁didn ’ t ▁want ▁my ▁kids ▁in ▁the ▁school ▁system . ▁I ▁took ▁them ▁out ▁of ▁Min ne apolis ▁because ▁they ▁ruined ▁our ▁neighborhood s ▁with ▁integration ▁and ▁seg regation ." ▁Hall ' s ▁statements ▁were ▁made ▁in ▁an ▁effort ▁to ▁reduce ▁schools ' ▁emphasis ▁on ▁race ▁and ▁increase ▁their ▁emphasis ▁on ▁liter acy ▁for ▁students ▁of ▁all ▁background s . ▁" I ▁am ▁a ▁product ▁of ▁the ▁Min ne apolis ▁school ▁system ," ▁he ▁explained , ▁" com ple ting ▁all ▁of ▁my ▁years , ▁all ▁the ▁different ▁schools . ▁I ▁graduated ▁with ▁a ▁ 6 th ▁grade ▁reading ▁ability . ▁I ▁struggled ▁my ▁whole ▁life . ▁We ▁need ▁to ▁teach ▁kids ▁how ▁to ▁read " ▁Hall ▁agrees ▁with ▁the ▁Minnesota ' s ▁Office ▁of
▁the ▁Legisl ative ▁Aud itor ' s ▁report ▁which ▁found ▁that ▁the ▁Integr ation ▁Rev enue ▁funding ▁formula ▁has ▁some ▁un int ended ▁and ▁potentially ▁negative ▁consequences . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Senator ▁Dan ▁Hall ▁official ▁Minnesota ▁Senate ▁website ▁Project ▁V ote ▁Smart ▁– ▁Senator ▁Dan ▁Hall ▁Profile ▁Senator ▁Dan ▁Hall ▁official ▁campaign ▁website ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 5 2 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : People ▁from ▁Burn s ville , ▁Minnesota ▁Category : Aug sburg ▁University ▁al umn i ▁Category : M inn esota ▁state ▁sen ators ▁Category : M inn esota ▁Republicans ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁American ▁politicians <0x0A> </s> ▁Ich ab od ▁and ▁Me ▁is ▁an ▁American ▁sit com ▁series ▁set ▁in ▁a ▁small ▁New ▁England ▁town ▁and ▁star ring ▁Robert ▁Ster ling ▁and ▁George ▁Chand ler . ▁It ▁a ired ▁on ▁CBS ▁from ▁September ▁ 2 6 , ▁ 1 9 6 1 ▁to ▁June ▁ 5 , ▁ 1 9 6 2 , ▁and ▁was ▁produced ▁by ▁Joe ▁Con nel ly ▁and ▁Bob ▁Mos her , ▁in ▁association ▁with ▁Jack ▁Ben ny ' s ▁" J a M co ▁Produ ctions ". ▁ ▁Cast ▁and ▁characters ▁ ▁The ▁story line ▁features ▁Ster ling ▁in ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁ 4 4 - year - old ▁Robert ▁" B ob " ▁Major , ▁a ▁wid ower ▁and ▁newspaper ▁reporter ▁from ▁New ▁York ▁City ▁who ▁moves ▁to ▁the ▁fict ional ▁town ▁of ▁P hip ps bor o ▁to ▁purchase
▁and ▁edit ▁the ▁local ▁paper , ▁The ▁Bul let in . ▁Chand ler ▁plays ▁the ▁ 6 3 - year - old ▁med d les ome ▁former ▁editor , ▁Ich ab od ▁Adams , ▁who ▁has ▁become ▁the ▁municipal ▁traffic ▁commission er ▁but ▁keeps ▁an ▁eye ▁on ▁Ster ling ▁to ▁make ▁sure ▁that ▁the ▁newspaper ▁meets ▁specific ations . ▁At ▁the ▁time ▁of ▁his ▁" I ch ab od " ▁role , ▁Chand ler ▁was ▁also ▁the ▁president ▁of ▁the ▁Screen ▁Act ors ▁G uild . ▁ ▁In ▁addition ▁to ▁the ▁two ▁main ▁leads , ▁the ▁cast ▁includes ▁R eta ▁Shaw ▁as ▁Aunt ▁Lav in ia , ▁Bob ' s ▁house keeper ; ▁Christ ine ▁White ▁as ▁Ab ig ail ▁Adams , ▁Ich ab od ' s ▁daughter ▁and ▁Bob ' s ▁girlfriend ; ▁Jimmy ▁Math ers , ▁the ▁younger ▁brother ▁of ▁Leave ▁It ▁to ▁Be aver ''' s ▁Jerry ▁Math ers , ▁as ▁Benj ie , ▁Bob ' s ▁six - year - old ▁son ; ▁Jimmy ▁Haw kins , ▁also ▁a ▁semi - regular ▁on ▁The ▁Don na ▁Reed ▁Show ▁and ▁later ▁P ett ico at ▁Jun ction , ▁as ▁Jonathan ▁Bay lor ; ▁B urt ▁Must in , ▁G us ▁the ▁Fire man ▁on ▁Leave ▁It ▁to ▁Be aver , ▁as ▁Ol af ; ▁and ▁For rest ▁Lewis ▁as ▁Col by . ▁ ▁E pis odes ▁▁ ▁Over view ▁ ▁The ▁pilot , ▁titled ▁" Ad am ' s ▁Ap ples ", ▁was ▁broadcast ▁on ▁April ▁ 2 4 ,
▁ 1 9 6 0 ▁on ▁CBS ' s ▁General ▁Electric ▁Theater ▁with ▁Ronald ▁Reagan . ▁The ▁episodes ▁shown ▁that ▁season ▁were ▁" I ch ab od ' s ▁N iece ", ▁" The ▁P hip ps bor o ▁Story ", ▁" The ▁Old ▁St owe ▁Road " ▁( with ▁Mary ▁T reen ), ▁" I ch ab od ' s ▁Rom ance ", ▁" B ob ' s ▁House keeper ", ▁" A ▁Letter ▁from ▁Jul iet ", ▁" Te en age ▁Journal ist ", ▁" P ark ing ▁Pro ble ms ", ▁" B ob ' s ▁Red head " ▁( with ▁Mer ry ▁Anders ), ▁ ▁" E lection ▁F ever ", ▁" J on athan ' s ▁Rom ance ", ▁" The ▁Pur ple ▁Cow ", ▁and ▁" Big ▁Business ". ▁Not ably , ▁Rod ▁Ser ling ▁appears ▁as ▁Eug ene ▁Holl in field ▁in ▁the ▁episode ▁" The ▁Cele br ity ", ▁which ▁was ▁shown ▁on ▁March ▁ 2 0 , ▁ 1 9 6 2 . ▁ ▁Summer ▁re broad cast s ▁continued ▁until ▁September ▁ 1 6 . ▁The ▁series ▁ran ▁at ▁ 9 : 3 0 ▁Eastern ▁on ▁Tuesday ▁in ▁a ▁favor able ▁time ▁slot ▁sand w ic hed ▁between ▁The ▁Red ▁Sk el ton ▁Show ▁and ▁The ▁Gar ry ▁Moore ▁Show , ▁both ▁in ▁the ▁Top ▁ 1 5 . ▁At ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁each ▁Sk el ton ▁broadcast , ▁George ▁Chand ler ▁urged ▁viewers ▁to ▁stay ▁tun ed ▁to ▁Ich ab od ▁and
▁Me . ▁Yet ▁viewers ▁left ▁CBS ▁for ▁that ▁half - hour ▁in ▁dro ves , ▁as ▁Ich ab od ▁and ▁Me ▁failed ▁to ▁develop ▁a ▁loyal ▁audience . ▁The ▁competition ▁for ▁Ich ab od ▁and ▁Me ▁was ▁not ▁considered ▁form id able . ▁It ▁consisted ▁of ▁the ▁second ▁half ▁of ▁the ▁Les lie ▁N iel sen ▁police ▁drama ▁The ▁New ▁B reed ▁on ▁ABC ▁( until ▁November ▁ 1 4 , ▁when ▁The ▁New ▁B reed ▁moved ▁to ▁ 8 : 3 0 ▁PM ▁and ▁Bert ▁Park s ' ▁game ▁show ▁Y ours ▁for ▁a ▁Song ▁began ▁air ing ▁at ▁ 9 : 3 0 ▁Eastern ), ▁and ▁the ▁second ▁half ▁of ▁The ▁Dick ▁Pow ell ▁Show , ▁an ▁anth ology ▁series ▁on ▁NBC . ▁Ich ab od ▁and ▁Me '' ▁was ▁co - s pons ored ▁by ▁The ▁Qu aker ▁O ats ▁Company ▁and ▁P . ▁Lor ill ard ▁Tob acco ▁Company . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 1 ▁American ▁television ▁series ▁debut s ▁Category : 1 9 6 2 ▁American ▁television ▁series ▁end ings ▁Category : 1 9 6 0 s ▁American ▁television ▁series ▁Category : 1 9 6 0 s ▁American ▁sit com s ▁Category : 1 9 6 0 s ▁American ▁workplace ▁comedy ▁television ▁series ▁Category : C BS ▁original ▁programming ▁Category : English - language ▁television ▁programs ▁Category : Tele vision ▁series ▁by ▁Universal ▁Television ▁Category : Black - and - white ▁American ▁television ▁programs ▁Category : Tele vision ▁series
▁about ▁journal ism ▁Category : Tele vision ▁shows ▁set ▁in ▁New ▁Hampshire <0x0A> </s> ▁Salvador i ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁S urn ame ▁Salvador i ▁( s urn ame ), ▁Italian ▁surn ame ▁ ▁Bird s ▁Salvador i ' s ▁ant w ren , ▁a ▁bird ▁species ▁Salvador i ' s ▁fig ▁par rot , ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁par rot ▁ ▁Salvador i ' s ▁night jar , ▁a ▁bird ▁species ▁Salvador i ' s ▁p he asant , ▁a ▁bird ▁species ▁Salvador i ' s ▁ser in , ▁a ▁bird ▁species ▁Salvador i ' s ▁te al , ▁a ▁bird ▁species ▁Salvador i ' s ▁we aver , ▁a ▁bird ▁species ▁ ▁Build ings ▁Pal azzo ▁Salvador i , ▁a ▁historic ▁building ▁in ▁T rent o , ▁Italy <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ ▁is ▁a ▁collection ▁of ▁wind ▁turb ines ▁located ▁on ▁the ▁peaks ▁of ▁mountains ▁along ▁the ▁Sad am is aki ▁Pen insula , ▁in ▁the ▁town ▁of ▁I k ata , ▁E h ime ▁P ref ect ure , ▁Japan . ▁ ▁The ▁wind f arm ▁borders ▁the ▁Set o ▁Wind ▁Hill ▁Park . ▁ ▁The ▁installation ▁consists ▁of ▁ 1 1 ▁M its ub ishi ▁Heavy ▁Indust ries ▁M WT - 1 0 0 0 s ▁with ▁a ▁name pl ate ▁capacity ▁of ▁ 1 0 0 0 ▁k W . ▁They ▁were ▁ere cted ▁starting ▁September ▁ 2 0 0 2 , ▁and ▁began ▁full ▁operation ▁in ▁October ▁ 2 0 0 3 . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁
▁N un ob iki ▁Pl ate au ▁Wind ▁Farm ▁A oy ama ▁Pl ate au ▁Wind ▁Farm ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁I k ata ' s ▁Wind ▁Power ▁Init iative ▁ ▁Set o ▁Wind ▁Hill ▁Park ▁web c ams ▁ ▁Category : W ind ▁farms ▁in ▁Japan ▁Category : Build ings ▁and ▁structures ▁in ▁E h ime ▁P ref ect ure <0x0A> </s> ▁La ▁il ust re ▁f reg ona ▁( The ▁Ill ust ri ous ▁Kitchen ▁M aid ▁or ▁The ▁Ill ust ri ous ▁Sc ull ery - ma id ) ▁is ▁a ▁nov ella ▁by ▁Miguel ▁de ▁C erv antes , ▁published ▁in ▁the ▁collection ▁Nov el as ▁ejempl ares . ▁It ▁tells ▁the ▁story ▁of ▁two ▁wealthy ▁young ▁men ▁who ▁fall ▁in ▁love ▁with ▁a ▁kitchen ▁maid ▁in ▁Tol edo . ▁The ▁story ▁contains ▁mistaken ▁ident ities , ▁iron ic ▁comments ▁and ▁genre ▁traits ▁of ▁the ▁p ica res que ▁novel ▁and ▁past oral ▁romance . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁the ▁basis ▁for ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 6 1 3 ▁short ▁stories ▁Category : Span ish ▁novels ▁adapted ▁into ▁films ▁Category : Short ▁stories ▁by ▁Miguel ▁de ▁C erv antes <0x0A> </s> ▁Sold ier ▁Run ▁is ▁a ▁stream ▁in ▁the ▁U . S . ▁state ▁of ▁Pennsylvania . ▁It ▁is ▁a ▁t ribut ary ▁of ▁Sandy ▁L ick ▁Creek . ▁ ▁Sold ier ▁Run ▁took ▁its ▁name ▁from ▁nearby ▁Big ▁Sold ier ▁coal ▁mine . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁List ▁of ▁rivers ▁of ▁Pennsylvania ▁ ▁Re
ferences ▁ ▁Category : Land forms ▁of ▁Clear field ▁County , ▁Pennsylvania ▁Category : Land forms ▁of ▁Jefferson ▁County , ▁Pennsylvania ▁Category : R ivers ▁of ▁Pennsylvania <0x0A> </s> ▁John ▁Patrick ▁O ' Ne ill ▁( F ebru ary ▁ 6 , ▁ 1 9 5 2 Se ptember ▁ 1 1 , ▁ 2 0 0 1 ) ▁was ▁an ▁American ▁counter - ter ror ism ▁expert , ▁who ▁worked ▁as ▁a ▁special ▁agent ▁and ▁eventually ▁a ▁Special ▁Agent ▁in ▁Ch arge ▁in ▁the ▁Federal ▁Bureau ▁of ▁Invest igation . ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 5 , ▁O ' Ne ill ▁began ▁to ▁intens ely ▁study ▁the ▁roots ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁World ▁Trade ▁Center ▁bomb ing ▁after ▁he ▁assist ed ▁in ▁the ▁capture ▁of ▁Ram zi ▁You se f , ▁who ▁was ▁the ▁leader ▁of ▁that ▁plot . ▁ ▁He ▁subsequently ▁learned ▁of ▁al - Q a eda ▁and ▁Os ama ▁bin ▁L aden , ▁and ▁investigated ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁Kh ob ar ▁Tow ers ▁bomb ing ▁in ▁Saudi ▁Arabia ▁and ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁USS ▁Cole ▁bomb ing ▁in ▁Y emen . ▁Part ly ▁due ▁to ▁personal ▁fr iction ▁he ▁had ▁within ▁the ▁FBI ▁and ▁federal ▁government , ▁O ' Ne ill ▁was ▁pushed ▁out ▁of ▁the ▁Bureau ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 1 . ▁He ▁became ▁the ▁head ▁of ▁security ▁at ▁the ▁World ▁Trade ▁Center , ▁where ▁he ▁died ▁at ▁age ▁ 4 9 ▁while ▁helping ▁to ▁evac uate ▁the ▁North
▁Tower ▁during ▁the ▁September ▁ 1 1 , ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁attacks . ▁O ' Ne ill ▁has ▁been ▁featured ▁in ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁document aries ▁and ▁books . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁O ' Ne ill ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Atlantic ▁City , ▁New ▁Jersey ▁on ▁February ▁ 6 , ▁ 1 9 5 2 ▁and ▁desired ▁to ▁become ▁an ▁FBI ▁special ▁agent ▁from ▁an ▁early ▁age . ▁As ▁a ▁child , ▁his ▁favorite ▁television ▁show ▁was ▁The ▁F . B . I ., ▁a ▁crime ▁drama ▁based ▁around ▁true ▁cases ▁the ▁bureau ▁had ▁handled . ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 1 , ▁after ▁gradu ating ▁from ▁Holy ▁Spirit ▁High ▁School , ▁he ▁en rolled ▁in ▁American ▁University ▁in ▁Washington , ▁D . C .. ▁While ▁there , ▁O ' Ne ill ▁also ▁started ▁working ▁at ▁the ▁FBI ' s ▁Washington ▁headquarters , ▁first ▁as ▁a ▁finger print ▁cl erk ▁and ▁later ▁as ▁a ▁tour ▁guide . ▁He ▁graduated ▁with ▁a ▁degree ▁in ▁administration ▁of ▁justice ▁from ▁American ▁University ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 4 ▁and ▁later ▁obtained ▁a ▁master ' s ▁degree ▁in ▁fore ns ics ▁from ▁George ▁Washington ▁University . ▁ ▁Career ▁▁ 1 9 7 6 – 9 5 ▁The ▁FBI ▁hired ▁O ' Ne ill ▁as ▁an ▁agent ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 6 . ▁Over ▁the ▁next ▁ 1 5 ▁years , ▁O ' Ne ill ▁worked ▁on ▁issues ▁such ▁as ▁white - coll ar ▁crime , ▁organized ▁crime , ▁and ▁foreign ▁counter int elligence ▁while ▁based
▁at ▁the ▁Washington ▁bureau . ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 1 , ▁he ▁received ▁an ▁important ▁promotion ▁and ▁was ▁moved ▁to ▁the ▁FBI ' s ▁Chicago ▁field ▁office ▁where ▁he ▁was ▁assistant ▁special ▁agent ▁in ▁charge . ▁While ▁there , ▁he ▁established ▁the ▁F ug itive ▁Task ▁Force ▁in ▁an ▁effort ▁to ▁promote ▁inter - ag ency ▁cooperation ▁and ▁enhance ▁ties ▁between ▁the ▁FBI ▁and ▁local ▁law ▁enforcement . ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 4 , ▁O ' Ne ill ▁also ▁became ▁super visor ▁of ▁V AP CON , ▁a ▁task ▁force ▁investig ating ▁abortion ▁clinic ▁bomb ings . ▁▁ 1 9 9 5 – 9 9 ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 5 , ▁he ▁returned ▁to ▁the ▁FBI ' s ▁Washington , ▁D . C . ▁headquarters ▁and ▁became ▁chief ▁of ▁the ▁counter - ter ror ism ▁section . ▁On ▁his ▁first ▁day , ▁he ▁received ▁a ▁call ▁from ▁his ▁friend ▁Richard ▁Clar ke , ▁who ▁had ▁just ▁learned ▁that ▁Ram zi ▁You se f ▁had ▁been ▁located ▁in ▁Pakistan . ▁O ' Ne ill ▁worked ▁continuously ▁over ▁the ▁next ▁few ▁days ▁to ▁gather ▁information ▁and ▁coordinate ▁the ▁successful ▁capture ▁and ▁extr ad ition ▁of ▁You se f . ▁In tr ig ued ▁by ▁the ▁case , ▁O ' Ne ill ▁continued ▁to ▁study ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁bomb ing ▁You se f ▁had ▁master minded ▁and ▁other ▁information ▁about ▁Islamic ▁milit ants . ▁He ▁was ▁directly ▁involved ▁in ▁the ▁investigation ▁into ▁the ▁June ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁bomb

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