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κ·Έλ¬λ μ΄ λͺ¨λ κ²μ΄ 곡κ°ν λ‘ μ μ΄λμ΄ λ΄κ³ μμ΅λλ€. κ΅λ―Όμ μν ννλ°νμ 곡κ°μ μΌλ‘ λ
Όμλκ³ μμΌλ©° κΈμ΅λ―Έλμ΄λ μ¬μ§μ΄ μ μΉκ³΅μ½μλ λ±μ₯ν©λλ€. | But all of this is moving the public debate forward, so much so, that money printing for the people is now discussed openly in the financial media, and even in some political manifestos. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κ·Έλ¬λ, ννλ°νμ κ΄ν λ
Όμκ° μ¬κΈ°μ λ©μΆμ§ μλ κ² μ€μν©λλ€. μλνλ©΄ κΈ°ν λ³νλ μ μΈκ³μ μΈ λ¬Έμ μ΄κΈ° λλ¬Έμ
λλ€. κ°λ ₯ν μ΄μ λ€μ΄ μμ΅λλ€. IMFμμ λ°ννλ κ΅μ ν΅νλ₯Ό μ μ°λ¦¬κ° μ°μ΄λ΄μ κΈ°ν κΈ°κΈμ λμΌ νλμ§ λ§μ
λλ€. νΉλ³μΈμΆκΆ, SDRμ | But it's important the debate doesn't stop here, Because climate change is a shared global problem, there are some really compelling reasons why we should be printing that international currency that's issued by the IMF, to fund it. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
IMFμ μ μ κ³μ° ννμ
λλ€. κ°κ΅ μ λΆκ° μλ‘ κ°μ μκΈμ μ΄λμν¬ λ μλλ€. | The Special Drawing Right, or SDR, that governments use to transfer funds amongst each other. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κ°μΈκ° μ‘κΈ μλΉμ€μ²λΌ μκ°νλ©΄ λ©λλ€. λΉνΈμ½μΈκ°μ§λ§ μ λΆλ€μ μν μμ€ν
μ
λλ€. | Think of it as a peer-to-peer payment network, like Bitcoin, but for governments. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
SDRμ μ§μ μΈκ³μ μ
λλ€. | And it's truly global. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
IMFμ 188κ° νμκ΅μ κ°μ SDR νλκ° μμ΅λλ€. κ°μμ μΈν보μ κ³ μν μ ν©λλ€. | Each of the 188 members of the IMF hold SDR quotas as part of their foreign exchange reserves. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ¬μ μκΈ°λ₯Ό λ§κΈ° μν΄ κ΅κ°κ° μ§λλ νκΈμ°½κ³ κ° μμ΅λλ€. | that countries keep to protect themselves against currency crises. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κ·Έλ° μ±κ²©μ λκ³ μμ΄μ 2009λ
κΈμ΅μκΈ°κ° νμ°½μΌ λ IMFλ 2μ² 5λ°±μ΅ λ¬λ¬λ₯Ό μΆκ° λ°νν΄μ μΈκ³μ μΈ λ°©μμΌλ‘μ¨ μΌκ±°μ ν¬κ³ μμ λλΌλ€μ 보νΈνμ΅λλ€. | And that global nature is why, at the height of the financial crisis in 2009, the IMF issued those extra 250 billion dollars -- because it served as a collective global action that safeguarded countries large and small in one fell swoop. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
νμ§λ§ μ¬κΈ°μ ν₯λ―Έλ‘μ΄ λΆλΆμ΄ μμ΅λλ€. | But here -- here's the intriguing part. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
2009λ
μ μΆκ° λ°νλ SDRμ μ λ° μ΄μμ΄ 1μ² 5λ°±μ΅ λ¬λ¬μ μ΄λ¦
λλ€λ§ μ μ§κ΅μΌλ‘ νλ¬λ€μ΄ κ°λλ€. λκ°λ μΆκ° μΈν보μ κ³ κ° κ·Έλ€μ§ νμνμ§ μμ λλΌλ€μ
λλ€. μλνλ©΄ κ·Έλ€μ λ³λνμ¨μ μ§λλλ€. | More than half of those extra SDRs that were printed in 2009 -- 150 billion dollars' worth -- went to developed market countries who, for the most part, have a modest need for these foreign exchange reserves, because they have flexible exchange rates. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κ·Έλμ 2009λ
μ λ°νλ μΆκ° μΈνμ κ²°κ΅, μ μ΄λ μ μ§κ΅μκ²λ νμμΉ μκ² λΌ λ²λ Έμ΅λλ€. μ§κΈλ κ³ μ€λν λ¨μμμ΅λλ€. | So those extra reserves that were printed in 2009, in the end, for developed market countries at least, weren't really needed. And they remain unused today. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ¬κΈ° μμ΄λμ΄κ° μμ΅λλ€. | So here's an idea. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
첫 λ¨κ³λ‘ μ΄ μ¬μ©λμ§ μμ 2009λ
μ λ°νλ μΆκ° SDRμ κΈ°νλ³νλ₯Ό λ§λλ° μ°λ 건 μ΄λ¨κΉμ? | As a first step, why don't we start spending those unused, those extra SDRs that were printed in 2009, to combat climate change? | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κ°λ₯ν©λλ€. κ°λ Ή, UNμ λ
ΉμκΈ°νκΈ°κΈμμ λ°νν μ±κΆμ μ¬λ λ° μΈ μ μμ΅λλ€. | They could, for example, be used to buy bonds issued by the UN's Green Climate Fund. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
λ
ΉμκΈ°νκΈ°κΈμ 2009λ
μ λ§λ€μ΄μ§ κΈ°κΈμΌλ‘ μ½ννκ² κΈ°ννμ μ λ°λ₯Έ κ²μ
λλ€. | This was a fund created in 2009, following that climate agreement in Copenhagen. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ΄κ²μ κ°λ°λμκ΅μΌλ‘ μκΈμ 보λ΄λλ‘ μ€κ³λμ΄ κ·Έλ€μ΄ κΈ°ννλ‘μ νΈλ₯Ό μννλλ‘ ν©λλ€. | And it was designed to channel funds towards developing countries to meet their climate projects. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ΄λ° μ’
λ₯λ‘λ κ°μ₯ μ±κ³΅ν κΈ°κΈμ
λλ€. 100μ΅ λ¬λ¬λ₯Ό λͺ¨μμ΅λλ€. | It's been one of the most successful funds of its type, raising almost 10 billion dollars. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κ·Έλ°λ° λ§μ½ μΆκ° λ°νλ SDRμ μ¬μ©νλ€λ©΄ μ λΆλ€μ μλ κ³νμΌλ‘ λλ €λλλ° λμμ μ€ κ²λλ€. κΈμ΅μκΈ°λ‘ μ΄κΈλ λ²λ¦° μ°κ° μ² μ΅ λ¬λ¬μ μ½μμ μ§ν€λ κ²λλ€. κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λν μ€νμ μΈ μ¬λ‘κ° λ μλ μμ΅λλ€. | But if we use those extra SDRs that were issued, it helps governments get back on track, to meet that promise of 100 billion dollars a year It could also -- it could also serve as a test case. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ΄λ° μμΌλ‘ SDRμ μ¬μ©ν΄ λ³΄κ³ μΈνλ μ΄μ
μ΄ μλ§νλ€λ©΄ 5λ
λ§λ€ μΆκ°μ μΈ SDR λ°νμ΄ μ λΉνλ κ²λλ€. μ μ§κ΅μ΄ μμ λ€μ μλ‘μ΄ μΈν보μ κ³ μ§λΆμ λ
ΉμκΈ°νκΈ°κΈμΌλ‘ 보λ΄κ² λ€λ μ½μκ³Ό ν¨κ» λ§μ΄μ£ . μ΄λ° μμ κ΅μ ν΅ν λ°νμ κ΅λ΄ ν΅νλ°νμ λΉν΄ | If the inflationary consequences of using SDRs in this way are benign, the additional, extra issuance of SDRs, say, every five years, again, with the commitment that developed-market countries would direct their share of the new reserves to the Green Climate Fund. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ¬λ¬ μ₯μ μ΄ μμ΅λλ€. μ°μ μμ¬μ΄ μ£Όμ₯μ | Printing international money in this way has several advantages over printing national currencies. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κΈ°νλ³νλ₯Ό μννλλ° μ°λ λμ λͺ¨λλ₯Ό μ΄λ‘κ² ν©λλ€. | that spending money to mitigate climate change benefits everyone. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ¬ν κ³³κ³³μ ννμ μ£ΌκΈ°μ μΈμκΈ°λ§ν κ²λ μμ΅λλ€. | No one section of society benefits from the printing press over another. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μμΆ©λλ μꡬλ€μ λ¬Έμ λ μνλκ³ μμ΅λλ€. | That problem of competing claims is mitigated. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
νλΉνλ€κ³ μκ°λλ κ²μ λ§μ λλΌλ€μ΄ μΆκ°μ μΈ SDR λ°νμ λμνκΈ° λλ¬Έμ ννλ°νμ΄ ν΅μ λΆλ₯μ΄ λμ§λ μμ κ±°λΌλ κ²λλ€. | It's also fair to say that because it takes so many countries to agree to issue these extra SDRs, it's highly unlikely that money printing would get out of control. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κ²°κ΅ μ°λ¦¬μ μ§λ¨μ , μΈκ³μ λ°©μμ ν΅μ λ μΈκ³μ λ°©μμΌν
λ° μΈκ³μ 곡μ΅μ μν¨μ
λλ€. | What you end up with is a collective, global action aimed -- and it's controlled global action -- aimed at a global good. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ°λ¦¬κ° ννλ°ν κ³νμ ν΅ν΄ λ°°μ λ―μ΄ μ°λ¦¬μ μ΄λ ν κ±±μ λ κ·μΉμΌλ‘ κ°λΌμν μ μμ΅λλ€. | And, as we've learned with the money-printing schemes, whatever concerns we have can be allayed by rules. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μλ₯Ό λ€μ΄ 5λ
λ§λ€ μΆκ°μ μΈ SDRμ λ°νν λ νλλ₯Ό λ μ μμ΅λλ€. μ΄λ° κ΅μ ν΅νλ κ΅μ μΈν보μ κ³ μ 5%λ₯Ό λμ§ μλλ€λ μμ
λλ€. | So, for example, the issuance of these extra SDRs every five years could be capped, such that this international currency is never more than five percent of global foreign exchange reserves. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μνμν¬ μ μλ€λ κ² μ€μν©λλ€. μλ₯Ό λ€μ΄, λ―Έκ΅μ΄ κ°μ§λ ν°λ¬΄λμλ κ±±μ μ SDRμ΄ κ΅μ κΈμ΅μμ λ¬λ¬μ κ΅μ μ μμμ λ§μκ² λ κ±°λΌλ κ²λλ€. | That's important because it would allay well, let's say, the ridiculous concerns that the US might have that the SDR could ever challenge the dollar's dominant role in international finance. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ¬μ€μ μ μκ°μ μ΄ κ³ν νμμ SDRμ΄ λ¬λ¬λ‘λΆν° λΉΌμμ μ€λ κ²μ λ¬λ¬μ λ³λͺ
"λ
Ήμμ§ν"μ
λλ€. | And in fact, I think the only thing that the SDR would likely steal from the dollar under this scheme is its nickname, the "greenback." | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μλνλ©΄ νλλ₯Ό λλ€ν΄λ IMFλ 2009λ
μ λ§λν SDR λ°νμ μ΄μ΄μ μΆκ°λ‘ 2014λ
μ 2μ²μ΅ λ¬λ¬μ SDR λ°νμ΄ κ°λ₯ν μ μμμ κ²λλ€. | Because even with that cap in place, the IMF could have followed up its issuance -- its massive issuance of SDRs in 2009 -- with a further 200 billion dollars of SDRs in 2014. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κ°μ ν΄ λ³΄μλ©΄ μ μ§κ΅μ΄ 3μ²μ΅ λ¬λ¬μ SDRμ λ
ΉμκΈ°νκΈ°κΈμ κΈ°μ¬ν μλ μμμ κ²μ μλ―Έν©λλ€. νμ¬ λ
ΉμκΈ°νκΈ°κΈμ 30λ°°μ
λλ€.. | So hypothetically, that would mean that developed countries could have contributed up to 300 billion dollars' worth of SDRs to the Green Climate Fund. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μμ² κ±°μ°½νκ² λ€λ¦¬μ§λ§ "λ¬΄μ¨ μλ₯Ό μ°λλΌλ"μ 첫 κ±Έμμ λΆκ³Όν©λλ€. | And you know, as spectacular as that sounds, it's only just beginning to look like "whatever it takes." | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κ·Έ λμΌλ‘ μ΄λ€ λλΌμ΄ μΌμ ν μ μμμ§ μκ°ν΄ 보λ λ¨κ³μ
λλ€. μκ°ν΄ 보μμμ€. 2009λ
μ λ
Έλ₯΄μ¨μ΄λ λΈλΌμ§μκ² 10μ΅ λ¬λ¬ μ 곡μ μ½μνμ΅λλ€. λΈλΌμ§μ΄ μΌλ¦Όνκ΄΄λ₯Ό λ§λ λͺ©νλ₯Ό μμνλ€λ 쑰건μ΄μμ΅λλ€. | And just to think what amazing things could be done with that money, consider this: in 2009, Norway promised one billion dollars of its reserves to Brazil if they followed through on their goals on deforestation. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κ·Έ νλ‘κ·Έλ¨μ΄ μ§λ 10λ
κ° μΌλ¦Όνκ΄΄μ 70% κ°μΆμ μ΄λ£¨μ΄ λμ΅λλ€. | That program has since delivered a 70 percent reduction in deforestation in the past decade. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
32μ΅ν€μ μ΄μ°ννμ λ°°μΆμ μ€μ¬μ£Όμμ΅λλ€. λ―Έκ΅μ μ 체 μλμ°¨λ₯Ό λλ‘μμ μΉμ΄ κ²κ³Ό λ§λ¨Ήλ ν¨κ³Όμ
λλ€. 3λ
λμμ΄λμ. | That's saving 3.2 billion tons of carbon dioxide emissions, which is the equivalent of taking all American cars off the roads for three whole years. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κ·Έλ λ€λ©΄ μ°λ¦¬λ μΈκ³μ μΈ κ·λͺ¨λ‘ μ‘°μ§νλ μ±κ³Όλ³λ‘ μ§κΈνλ κΈ°ννλ‘μ νΈ 300κ°λ‘λ μ΄λκΉμ§ ν΄λΌκΉμ? | So what could we do with 300 other pay-for-performance climate projects like that, organized on a global scale? | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ°λ¦¬λ ν μΈλλ₯Ό μν΄ λλ‘μμ μ°¨λ€μ μΉμλ²λ¦΄ μλ μμ κ²λλ€. | We could take cars off the roads for a generation. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
λ°λΌμ κΈ°νλ³νμ κΈ°κΈμ λ μ μμκΉμ λν΄ μ₯μ κ°μ νμ§λ λ§μλ€. | So, let's not quibble about whether we can afford to fund climate change. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ§μ§ μ§λ¬Έμ, μ°λ¦¬κ° λ―ΈλμΈλμ λν΄ μ§μ μΌλ‘ κ±±μ νλκ° μ΄λ©° κΈμ΅μμ€ν
μ ꡬμ νλ €κ³ μΌλ μ μ±
μ μνμ λκ°μ΄ κ°μν κΉ μ
λλ€. | The real question is: Do we care enough about future generations to take the very same policy risks we took to save the financial system? | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κ²°κ΅ μ°λ¦¬λ ν μ μμμ κ²μ΄κ³ μ°λ¦¬κ° νλ κ²μ΄λ©΄μ μ§κΈλ νλ κ²μ
λλ€. | After all, we could do it, we did do it and we are doing it today. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ°λ¦¬λ λ°λμ "λ¬΄μ¨ μλ₯Ό μ°λλΌλ" ν΄μΌ ν©λλ€. | We must, must, must do "whatever it takes." | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κ°μ¬ν©λλ€. | Thank you. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μμΌλ‘ 16λΆ λμ μ λ μ¬λ¬λΆκ» μΈλ₯μ κ°μ₯ ν° μμμ ν₯ν μ¬νμ 보μ¬λλ¦¬κ² μ΅λλ€. μλͺ
μ μνΈλ₯Ό μ΄ν΄νλ κ²μ
λλ€. | For the next 16 minutes, I'm going to take you on a journey that is probably the biggest dream of humanity: to understand the code of life. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
λͺ¨λ κ²μ μμμ μμ£Ό μμ£Ό μ€λμ μ΅μ΄μ 3D νλ¦°ν°λ₯Ό λ³Έ κ²μ΄μμ΅λλ€. | So for me, everything started many, many years ago when I met the first 3D printer. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ κ² μ΄ μ₯μΉκ° λλΌμ μ΅λλ€. | The concept was fascinating. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
3D νλ¦°ν°μ μΈ κ°μ§κ° νμν©λλ€. λμμ μ 보, μΆλ ₯μ μν μ¬λ£, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μλμ§λ§ μμΌλ©΄ μ΄μ μλ μμλ κ²μ λ§λ€μ΄ λΌ μ μμ΅λλ€. | A 3D printer needs three elements: a bit of information, some raw material, some energy, and it can produce any object that was not there before. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
물리λ₯Ό 곡λΆνλ μ λ μ§μΌλ‘ μ€λ κΈΈμ μ μ£Όλ³μ 3D νλ¦°ν°κ° μμλ€λ κ²μ κΉ¨λ¬μμ΅λλ€. | I was doing physics, I was coming back home and I realized that I actually always knew a 3D printer. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
λͺ¨λ μλλ€. | And everyone does. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
λ°λ‘ μ΄λ¨Έλμ
λλ€. | It was my mom. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ΄λ¨Έλλ μΈ κ°μ§κ° νμν©λλ€. λ¨Όμ λμμ μ 보λ λΆλͺ¨λμ΄ ν¨κ» μ£Όμκ³ μΆλ ₯ μ¬λ£μ μλμ§λ μμμμ λμ€μ£ . κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λͺ λ¬μ κ±°μ³ μ κ° νμ΄λ©λλ€. | My mom takes three elements: a bit of information, which is between my father and my mom in this case, raw elements and energy in the same media, that is food, and after several months, produces me. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ λ μ΄μ κΉμ§ μ‘΄μ¬νμ§ μμμ£ . | And I was not existent before. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ μ΄λ¨Έλκ° μκ³ λ³΄λ 3D νλ¦°ν°λΌλ 좩격μ λμ§Έ μΉκ³ μ. μ λ μΈ κ°μ§ μμ μ€ μ²« λ²μ§ΈμΈ λμμ μ 보μ λ§€νΉλμ΅λλ€. | So apart from the shock of my mom discovering that she was a 3D printer, I immediately got mesmerized by that piece, the first one, the information. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ¬λ ν λͺ
μ λ§λ€λ €λ©΄ μ λ³΄κ° μΌλ§λ νμν κΉμ? | What amount of information does it take to build and assemble a human? | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
λ§μ΄? μ κ²? | Is it much? Is it little? | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
USB λ©λͺ¨λ¦¬λ‘ λͺ κ°μΌκΉμ? | How many thumb drives can you fill? | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
물리λ₯Ό μ 곡ν μ¬λμΌλ‘μ μ λ μ¬λμ κ±°λν λ κ³ μνμ΄λΌκ³ κ°μ νμ΅λλ€. | Well, I was studying physics at the beginning and I took this approximation of a human as a gigantic Lego piece. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ¬κΈ°μ λΈλ‘λ€μ μμ μμλΌκ³ μκ°νμΈμ. μ¬κΈ°μ μμκ° μκ³ , νμκ° μκ³ , μ§μλ μκ² μ£ . | So, imagine that the building blocks are little atoms and there is a hydrogen here, a carbon here, a nitrogen here. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κ°μ μ μνλ©΄ μ κ° μ¬λμ ꡬμ±νλ μμλ€μ λμ΄ν μ μλ€λ©΄ μ¬λμ λ§λ€ μλ μκ² μ§μ. | So in the first approximation, if I can list the number of atoms that compose a human being, I can build it. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ¬κΈ°μ μ½κ° κ³μ°μ ν΄λ³΄λ©΄ μ²λ¬Ένμ μΌλ‘ ν° μκ° λμ΅λλ€. | Now, you can run some numbers and that happens to be quite an astonishing number. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μκΈ° ν λͺ
μ λ§λ€κΈ° μν΄ νμν μμμ μλ₯Ό USB λλΌμ΄λΈμ μ μ₯νλ©΄ λλΌμ΄λΈλ€λ‘ νμ΄νλ ν μ²μ μ±μ°κ³ 2,000μ²μ λ μ±μΈ μ μμ΅λλ€. | So the number of atoms, the file that I will save in my thumb drive to assemble a little baby, will actually fill an entire Titanic of thumb drives -- multiplied 2,000 times. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ΄κ²μ΄ μλͺ
μ μ λΉμ
λλ€. | This is the miracle of life. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ¬λ¬λΆλ€μ μμΌλ‘ μμ°λΆλ₯Ό λ³Ό λλ§λ€ μ°λ¦¬κ° νμ λ³Ό μ΅λμ μ 보λ₯Ό κ·Έλ
κ° μ²λ¦¬νλ κ²μ λ³΄κ² λλ κ²μ
λλ€. | Every time you see from now on a pregnant lady, she's assembling the biggest amount of information that you will ever encounter. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
λΉ
λ°μ΄ν°λ λ€λ₯Έ κ²λ€μ λͺ¨λ μμΌμΈμ. | Forget big data, forget anything you heard of. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ΄κ²μ μ‘΄μ¬νλ κ°μ₯ λ§μ μμ μ 보μ
λλ€. | This is the biggest amount of information that exists. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
λ€νν μμ°μ μ κ°μ 물리νμλ³΄λ¨ ν¨μ¬ νλͺ
ν΄μ 40μ΅ λ
μ μκ°μ λ€μ¬ μ΄ μ 보λ€μ DNAλΌ λΆλ¦¬λ μμ κ²°μ μΌλ‘ μμΆνμ΅λλ€. | But nature, fortunately, is much smarter than a young physicist, and in four billion years, managed to pack this information in a small crystal we call DNA. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ²μμΌλ‘ DNAκ° μλ €μ§ κ²μ 1950λ
λλΌμ΄ κ³Όνμμ΄μ μ¬μ±μ΄μλ λ‘μλ¦° νλν΄λ¦°μ΄ μ¬μ§μ μ°μ΄μμμ΅λλ€. | We met it for the first time in 1950 when Rosalind Franklin, an amazing scientist, a woman, took a picture of it. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
νμ§λ§ μ΄λ‘λΆν° 40λ
μ΄ λλ μκ°μ΄ μ§λμμΌ μ°λ¦¬λ μΈμ²΄ μΈν¬μμ μ΄ κ²°μ μ λΆλ¦¬νκ³ λΆμνμ¬ λ΄μ©μ μ½μ μ μμμ΅λλ€. | But it took us more than 40 years to finally poke inside a human cell, take out this crystal, unroll it, and read it for the first time. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μνΈλ κ°λ¨νκ² μνλ²³ 4κ°λ‘ μ΄λ£¨μ΄μ‘μ΅λλ€. A, T, C, Gλ‘μ. | The code comes out to be a fairly simple alphabet, four letters: A, T, C and G. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ¬λμ λ§λ€κΈ° μν΄μλ μνλ²³μ΄ 30μ΅ κ° νμν©λλ€. | And to build a human, you need three billion of them. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
30μ΅μ
λλ€. | Three billion. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
λλμ΄ μ€μλμ? | How many are three billion? | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ«μλ‘ λ§νλ λλμ΄ μ μ€μμ£ ? | It doesn't really make any sense as a number, right? | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κ·Έλμ μ λ μ΄λ»κ² νλ©΄ μ΄ μνΈμ κ±°λν¨, λ°©λν¨μ μ΄ν΄ν μ§ κ³ λ―Όν΄λ³΄μμ΅λλ€. | So I was thinking how I could explain myself better about how big and enormous this code is. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
λμμ λ°μΌλ©΄ λ°©λ²μ΄ μκΈ΄ ν©λλ€. κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ΄μ κ°μ₯ μ μ ν λΆμ μ΅μ΄λ‘ DNA μμλ₯Ό λ°νλΈ ν¬λ μ΄κ·Έ λ²€ν° λ°μ¬λμ΄μλλ€. | But there is -- I mean, I'm going to have some help, and the best person to help me introduce the code is actually the first man to sequence it, Dr. Craig Venter. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ¬λΌμ€μΈμ, ν¬λ μ΄κ·Έ λ²€ν° λ°μ¬λ! | So welcome onstage, Dr. Craig Venter. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
λ³ΈμΈμ΄ μ€μμ§ μμμ§λ§ μΈλ₯ μμ¬ μ΅μ΄λ‘ ν νΉμ μΈμ μ μ μ μ 체λ₯Ό νμ΄μ§λ§λ€ μνλ²³μΌλ‘ μ±μμ μΈμν μ±
μ
λλ€. μ₯μλ 262,000μ₯μ, 무κ²λ 450kgμ
λλ€. λ―Έκ΅μμ μΊλλ€κΉμ§ μ΄λ°νλ λ°μλ μ μ§ κΈ°μ
Lulu.comμ λΈλ£¨λ
Έ 보μ°λ΄ λμ΄ κ³ μν΄μ£Όμ
¨μ΅λλ€. | Not the man in the flesh, but for the first time in history, this is the genome of a specific human, printed page-by-page, letter-by-letter: 262,000 pages of information, 450 kilograms, shipped from the United States to Canada thanks to Bruno Bowden, Lulu.com, a start-up, did everything. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
ν° λμμ λ°μμ΅λλ€. | It was an amazing feat. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ΄κ²μ΄ λ°λ‘ μλͺ
μ μνΈλ₯Ό μκ°μ μΌλ‘ λνλΈ κ²μ
λλ€. | But this is the visual perception of what is the code of life. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ΄μ μ λ μμ¬ μ΅μ΄λ‘ λμ΄λ₯Ό ν μ μμ΅λλ€. | And now, for the first time, I can do something fun. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κΊΌλ΄μ μ무 λΆλΆμ΄λ μ½μ΄λ³΄λ κ±°μ£ . | I can actually poke inside it and read. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ¬κΈ° μ΄ μ±
μ μ κ° μ’μνλ μ±
μ
λλ€. | So let me take an interesting book ... like this one. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μλμ μ±
μ΄ λ°©λν΄μ μ£Όμλ μ’ λ¬μμ΅λλ€. | I have an annotation; it's a fairly big book. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μλͺ
μ μνΈλ₯Ό μ΄μ§ 보μ¬λλ¦¬μ£ . | So just to let you see what is the code of life. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
λ§κ³ λ λ§κ³ λ λ§μ μ°λλ―Έ κ°μ κΈμλ€μ
λλ€. | Thousands and thousands and thousands and millions of letters. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λͺ¨λ λΆλΆμ μλ―Έκ° μμ΄μ. | And they apparently make sense. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ΄ λΆλΆμ ν λ² λ΄
μλ€. | Let's get to a specific part. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ κ° μ½μ΄λ릴κ²μ. "AAG, AAT, ATA." | Let me read it to you: "AAG, AAT, ATA." | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κ·Έλ₯ κΈμμ λ°°μ΄λ‘ λ€λ¦¬μκ² μ§λ§ μ΄ λΆλΆμ ν¬λ μ΄κ·Έμ λμ μκΉμ λΆμ¬ν©λλ€. | To you it sounds like mute letters, but this sequence gives the color of the eyes to Craig. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
λ€λ₯Έ λΆλΆλ 보μ¬λ리μ§μ. | I'll show you another part of the book. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ΄ κ΅¬μ μ μ‘°κΈ λ 볡μ‘ν©λλ€. | This is actually a little more complicated. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
132κΆ, μΌμ체 14μ λ΄μ©μ
λλ€. μμνμ λΆλ κ³μκ² μ£ . | Chromosome 14, book 132: As you might expect. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
"ATT, CTT, GATT." | "ATT, CTT, GATT." | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ΄ μ¬λμ μ΄μ΄ μ’μ΅λλ€. μλλ©΄ μ΄ λΆλΆμμ λ μλ§ λΉ μ§λ©΄ 30μ΅ μμμ λ μλ§ λΉ μ Έλ λν¬μ± μ¬μ μ¦μ΄λ λμ°ν μ§λ³μ 걸리기 λλ¬Έμ
λλ€. | This human is lucky, because if you miss just two letters in this position -- two letters of our three billion -- he will be condemned to a terrible disease: cystic fibrosis. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μΉλ£λ²λ μκ³ ν΄κ²°λ²λ λͺ¨λ¦
λλ€. λͺ¨λ λ μμ μ°¨μ΄λ§μΌλ‘ μκΈ°λ μΌμ
λλ€. | We have no cure for it, we don't know how to solve it, and it's just two letters of difference from what we are. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
λ§€νΉμ μ΄κ³ , κ°λ ¬ν μ±
μ΄μ§μ. μ κ° μλͺ
μ μ΄ν΄νλ κ²μ λκ³ μ¬λ¬λΆκ» μλ €λλ¦¬κ² ν΄μ€ μ±
μ
λλ€. | A wonderful book, a mighty book, a mighty book that helped me understand and show you something quite remarkable. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ°λ¦¬ λͺ¨λλ₯Ό μ λ μ λ‘, μ¬λ¬λΆμ μ¬λ¬λΆμΌλ‘ λ§λλ λΆλΆμ 500λ§ κΈμλ‘ νκΆμ μ λ° μ λμ
λλ€. μ±
μ λλ¨Έμ§ λΆλΆμ μ νν κ°μ΅λλ€. μ¬λ¬λΆμ λ§λλ κΈ°μ μ λ¨ 500νμ΄μ§ μμμ λ²μ΄μ§λλ€. | Every one of you -- what makes me, me and you, you -- is just about five million of these, half a book. For the rest, Five hundred pages is the miracle of life that you are. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
λλ¨Έμ§λ λκ°μ΄ μΌμΉν©λλ€. | The rest, we all share it. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
κ·Έλ¬λ μλ‘κ° λ€λ₯΄λ€λ μκ°μ΄ λ€ λ λ μ¬λ¦¬μμμ€. | So think about that again when we think that we are different. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
μ°λ¦¬λ μ΄λ§νΌμ΄λ κ°μ΅λλ€. | This is the amount that we share. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
ν₯λ―Έκ° μκΈ΄ λΆμ΄ λ§μμ§ κ² κ°κ΅°μ. λ€μ λ¬Έμ λ μ΄ μ±
μ μ΄λ»κ² μ½λλμ
λλ€. | So now that I have your attention, the next question is: How do I read it? | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
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