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W2086691526 | Urban Fire Situation in Indonesia | The article analyses the fire situation in urban areas. The recent monthly and daily fire incident data in the two largest urban areas in Indonesia, Jakarta and Surabaya, for the last 7 years have been analyzed to understand the characteristics of incidents. It is found that most fire incidents occurred in residential buildings. This is caused mainly by electrical faults. The casualties and direct loss are relatively low, while there is a long emergency response time of fire brigade due to heavy traffic congestion and access difficulties. Discussion is focused on the issue of public behavior, fire service performance, urban strategy and building design. It is suggested that specific works on fire protection should be taken by increasing of public awareness, improving of a unified fire incident reports, empowering building law enforcement to the community, and improving the household’s electrical products quality. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Human Mobility, Environment, and Space"
]
|
240486 | Frequency Combs Quantum Metrology | Optical frequency combs are extraordinary tools for metrology which have been recently crowned by a Nobel prize: they have replaced complicated frequency chains to perform direct frequency and time measurements with much higher accuracy, which is now getting close to the quantum limit. However, quantum aspects of measurements performed with these sources have not yet been studied. This is the subject of this proposal. Based on model experiments such as space-time positioning, dispersion, velocity or frequency measurements, we propose to assess and reach experimentally ultimate limits derived from information theory in presence of quantum noise. We also propose to go beyond these limits using non-classical states. More specifically, we propose to fulfil the following objectives : " Objective 1 : achieve the best absolute space-time positioning sensitivity ever using quantum optics techniques applied to frequency combs. " Objective 2 : apply those techniques to other high sensitivity measurement such as dispersion, velocity or frequency metrology. " Objective 3 : explore fundamental quantum physics effects in the lab with quantum frequency combs. These tasks will be performed by developing a quantum frequency comb factory, based on mode locked laser sources and parametric oscillators, whose conception is a research line in itself, and that would also be used for new quantum states generation such as macroscopic entanglement and multimode states. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter"
]
|
10.1126/scisignal.2005866 | EGF induces microRNAs that target suppressors of cell migration: MiR-15b targets MTSS1 in breast cancer | Growth factors promote tumor growth and metastasis. We found that epidermal growth factor (EGF) induced a set of 22 microRNAs (miRNAs) before promoting the migration of mammary cells. These miRNAs were more abundant in human breast tumors relative to the surrounding tissue, and their abundance varied among breast cancer subtypes. One of these miRNAs, miR-15b, targeted the 3′ untranslated region of MTSS1 (metastasis suppressor protein 1). Although xenografts in which MTSS1 was knocked down grew more slowly in mice initially, longer-term growth was unaffected. Knocking down MTSS1 increased migration and Matrigel invasion of nontransformed mammary epithelial cells. Overexpressing MTSS1 in an invasive cell line decreased cellmigration and invasiveness, decreased the formation of invadopodia and actin stress fibers, and increased the formation of cellular junctions. In tissues frombreast cancer patientswith the aggressive basal subtype, an inverse correlation occurred with the high expression of miRNA-15b and the low expression of MTSS1. Further more, low abundance of MTSS1 correlated with poor patient prognosis. Thus, growth factor. inducible miRNAs mediate mechanisms underlying the progression of cancer. | [
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing"
]
|
W2130199358 | Toolpath Planning and Simulation for Cutting Test of Non-Orthogonal Five-Axis Machine Tool | Owing to NAS 979 describes a cutting test for five-axis machine center with a universal spindle, several conditions for C-type machine tool have not been defined yet. This paper proposes a cutting test for a non-orthogonal swivel head and a rotary table type five-axis machine tool (C type) to evaluate its performance. The workpiece consists of 10 machining features. These features include the multi-axis simultaneous machining patterns and the positioning machining patterns. The flat end mill cutters are applied in each machining feature. Cutter location data for the test piece was generated using a commercial CAD/CAM system (UG) and converted to five-axis NC code using a postprocessor created in UG Post Builder. This UG postprocessor is verified through the developed postprocessor utilizing the modified D-H notation. It is also verified using VERICUT ® solid cutting simulation software demonstrated the veracity of the generated five-axis NC code. The machining test is applicable for a variety of five-axis machine tool configurations. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
216460 | Activating resource efficiency and large databases in the cloud | Despite their proliferation as a dominant computing paradigm, cloud computing systems lack effective mechanisms to manage their vast amounts of resources efficiently, leading to severe resource waste and ultimately limiting their applicability to large classes of critical applications that pose non-moderate resource demands. This creates a significant need to lift existing technological barriers of actual fluidity and scalability of cloud resources towards promoting cloud computing as a critical cornerstone for digital economy.
ACTiCLOUD proposes a novel cloud computing architecture for drastically improved management of cloud resources, targeting 1.5x increase in resource efficiency and more than 10x in scalability. By utilizing modest investments on hardware intelligence that enables true resource disaggregation between multiple servers, we will progress current state-of-the-art in hypervisors and cloud management systems promoting holistic resource management at the rack scale and across distributed cloud sites. On top of this, we will evolve the ecosystem around in-memory databases, a core component for extremely demanding and highly critical classes of applications that up to now have faced severe difficulties in matching their resource requirements with state-of-the-art cloud offerings, with a final goal to provide cost-efficient and highly performant DataBase-as-a-Service (DBaaS) cloud platforms.
ACTiCLOUD builds on top of cutting-edge European technologies for cloud servers brought into the project by Numascale and Kaleao, and extends OnApp's MicroVisor, an innovative hypervisor to virtualize resources at the rack-scale. Furthermore it joins the forces of highly acclaimed academic institutions to address key research challenges and extend the capabilities of OpenStack and JVM. Finally, it applies the foreseen innovation to MonetDB, the column-store database pioneer, and Neo4j, the world-leader in graph databases. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
W2214143206 | African Initiatives in Healing Ministry | Healing ministry is becoming more prominent in many different Christian traditions in Southern Africa. In the past, however, it was largely confined to the Spirit-type African Independent Churches, where it was (and still is) used as a recruitment technique par excellence. For these denominations healing is central to mission, and the church is seen primarily as a healing institution. In the Western-initiated churches, healing was earlier seen as peripheral, but has become more central in recent years. This book presents four case studies of the healing ministry in Zimbabwe, based on research by Dr Tabona Shoko and Dr Lilian Dube, synchronised into a single volume by Stephen Hayes. The case studies examine aspects of the healing ministry in four different denominations: The Zvikomborero Apostolic Church, the St Elijah Church, the Roman Catholic Church and the Anglican Church. By way of introduction, the authors firstly provide insights into the historical setting and the background to Christianity in Zimbabwe. In Part I, the religious background is further outlined, especially traditional religion among the Shona people of Zimbabwe, and healing in African independent churches in general. In the second part, the focus is on the case studies of healing in two African independent churches, and two Western-initiated churches (Roman Catholic and Anglican). Part III consists of conclusions drawn from the case studies, while the Epilogue looks at the wider application of the case studies, and the implications for Christianity in Africa in general. The core of this book is four case studies of the healing ministry in Zimbabwe, based on research by Dr Tabona Shoko and Dr Lilian Dube. The case studies examine aspects of the healing ministry in four different denominations: The Zvikomborero Apostolic Church, the St Elijah Church, the Roman Catholic Church and the Anglican Church. These case studies show that healing ministry is becoming more prominent in many different Christian traditions in Southern Africa. In the past, however, it was largely confined to the Spirit-type African Independent Churches, where it was (and still is) used as a recruitment technique par excellence. For these denominations healing is central to mission, and the church is seen primarily as a healing institution. In the Western-initiated churches, exemplified in the case studies by the Anglican and Roman Catholic Churches, healing was earlier seen as peripheral, but has become more central in recent years, as the case studies show, though it is still not as prominent as in the prophetic-healing ministry of the Spirit-type AICs. The book is arranged into three main sections, with an introduction and an epilogue. The introduction deals with the historical setting and the background to Christianity in Zimbabwe. Part I deals with the religious background, especially traditional religion among the Shona people of Zimbabwe, and healing in African independent churches in general. Part II consists of four case studies of healing in different Christian denominations in Zimbabwe, two African independent churches, and two Western-initiated churches (Roman Catholic and Anglican). Part III consists of conclusions drawn from the case studies. The Epilogue looks at the wider application of the case studies, and the implications for Christianity in Africa in general. | [
"Studies of Cultures and Arts",
"The Human Mind and Its Complexity",
"The Study of the Human Past"
]
|
EP 0206889 W | MULTI-PHASE DETERGENTS | The invention relates to a single or multi-phase detergent containing a surfactant, in particular to a hand dishwashing detergent. At least one phase contains shaped bodies, which are suitable for dispensing at least one detergent component in a time-release manner by being dissolved in water. The inventive detergent contains shaped bodies, which dispense the detergent or rinsing components in a time-release manner by being dissolved in water. According to the invention, the aforementioned "encapsulated" components are not dispensed immediately after their addition to the water, i.e. during the production of the detergent or rinsing solution, but only after a specific time period. After the first cleaning or rinsing phase, for example the cleaning of glass, the user is thus provided with a detergent composition for the second cleaning or rinsing phase, the latter for example consisting of the cleaning of crockery and saucepans that have greasy deposits, said composition being optimised for this specific cleaning operation. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
10.1088/0951-7715/24/4/018 | A Note On Diffusion Limits Of Chaotic Skew Product Flows | We provide an explicit rigorous derivation of a diffusion limit - a stochastic differential equation with additive noise - from a deterministic skew-product flow. This flow is assumed to exhibit time-scale separation and has the form of a slowly evolving system driven by a fast chaotic flow. Under mild assumptions on the fast flow, we prove convergence to a stochastic differential equation as the time-scale separation grows. In contrast to existing work, we do not require the flow to have good mixing properties. As a consequence, our results incorporate a large class of fast flows, including the classical Lorenz equations. | [
"Mathematics"
]
|
10.1103/PhysRevA.100.032307 | Optimization of device-independent witnesses of entanglement depth from two-body correlators | In a recent work [A. Aloy, Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 100507 (2019)10. 1103/PhysRevLett. 123. 100507] we have considered the characterization of entanglement depth, from a device-independent perspective, in a quantum many-body system. We have shown that the inequalities introduced by J. Tura et al. [Science 344, 1256 (2014)10. 1126/science. 1247715] can be used to obtain device-independent witnesses of entanglement depth (DIWEDs) and that they enjoy two key properties that allow one to compute their k-producibility bounds more efficiently for larger system sizes, as well as yielding experimentally friendlier device-independent witnesses of entanglement depth: They involve at most two-body correlators and they are permutationally invariant. While the main aim of our previous work was to illustrate the main ideas and applicability of the method, here we outline the details and complement its findings with detailed analysis and further case studies. Specifically, we consider the problem of finding the k-producible bounds of such DIWEDs under different assumptions. Not surprisingly, with the weakest assumptions, we can compute k-producible bounds only for a relatively small number of parties; however, we can still learn interesting features from these solutions that motivate the search on larger systems under the assumption that these features persist. This allows us to tackle the case where the system size eventually reaches the thermodynamic limit. | [
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter",
"Condensed Matter Physics"
]
|
EP 84102110 A | Regulation apparatus for the mixture composition of a combustion engine. | Es wird eine Einrichtung zur Regelung des Luft-Brennstoff-Verhältnisses, insbesondere einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einer auf dieses Verhältnis empfindlichen Sonde, insbesondere einer Sauerstoffsonde und eine Schaltungsanordnung zur Auswertung der Ausgangsgröße der Sonde vorgeschlagen, bei der in der Schaltungsanordnung Mittel zur Kompensation des Offsetspannungseinflusses vorgesehen sind, die eine präzise Regelung des Luft-Brennstoff-Verhältnisses in einem Lambda-Wertbereich erlauben, in dem die Sondenausgangsgröße eine nur schwach ausgeprägte Abhängigkeit von der Sondeneingangsgröße aufweist. Hierzu wird der Einfluß der Offset-Spannung der verwendeten Regelverstäker periodisch oder in unregelmäßigen Intervallen gemessen und analog oder digital abgespeichert. Diese gespeicherte Größe kann einerseits dazu verwendet werden, um den Eingängen der Regelverstärker eine zur EingangsoffsetSpannung entgegengesetzte Kompensationssspannung zu unterlagern oder aber um von der Ausgangsgröße des Operationsverstärkers den auf Offset-Spannungen beruhenden Anteil zu subtrahieren. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
W2594661527 | Training Convolutional Neural Networks Based on Ternary Optical Processor | A novel platform and algorithms of Ternary Optical Computer (TOC) are proposed to training Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). It can significantly improve the concurrency and throughput of the training process of CNN. Reviewing the irrelevance data and the inherent parallelism module of the CNN, this paper discusses the preprocessing way of arbitrary number of two-dimensional data which include feature maps, convolutional kernels and mini-batches. Then strategies of parallel training of CNN based on the reconfigurable flexible arithmetic operator are proposed. All these arithmetic units are implemented by the optical Modified Signed Digit (MSD) adder and optical MSD multiplier, which are carry-free differing from the electronic computers. The massive data-bits of TOC are reconfigurable and redistributable, so fully parallel pipeline of the CNN can be sufficiently achieved. The computational complexity of the algorithms in time are analyzed. The result shows that TOC has great benefits comparing to the GPU and FPGA in concurrency, needed cycle and hardware resources resumed. This paper provides a new perspective to efficiently address computation-intensive and data-intensive issues. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
W2046816642 | Abstract CT209: A phase I study with the oral pan-CDK inhibitor BAY 1000394 in patients with advanced stage small cell lung or ovarian cancer | Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2014; April 5-9, 2014; San Diego, CA
Background: BAY 1000394 (BAY) is an oral pan-CDK inhibitor targeting CDKs 1, 2, 4, 7 and 9 in the low nanomolar range. The recommended phase 2 dose was identified in the previously reported dose escalation part of this multicenter phase I study. We report here additional data on pharmacodynamics (PD) biomarker and clinical outcome of patients with advanced SCLC and ovarian cancer (OC).
Methods: BAY was orally administered as monotherapy on a 3-days on/4-days off schedule at 5 mg bid in continuous 21 day cycles. A novel PCR-based PD assay using whole blood obtained on days 1 and 10 of the first treatment cycle was performed. Response rate was assessed every second cycle using RECIST 1.1.
Results: A total of 25 pre-treated patients with extensive stage SCLC and 25 patients with advanced OC (stage IIIB/IV) were enrolled to this study. In addition, 6 patients with distinct genetic profiles (e.g. cyclin E amplification) related to the mode of action of BAY were included at Gustave Roussy, Paris, France. The overall disease control rate (DCR, includes stable disease or better) according to RECIST was 32.3% in the total study population with 20 SD. On average, patients with SD or better stayed on treatment for 103.5 days (4.9 cycles). DCRs were 29% (n=9) for SCLC, 36% for ovarian cancer (n=9) and 33.3% for patients harboring tumor specific mutations (n=2), respectively. Levels of Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) were analyzed in the blood as surrogate biomarker and reduction of PCNA expression was detected at the recommended phase 2 dose of 5 mg bid. Nausea and diarrhea (CTCAE grades 1 and 2) were commonly observed but proved to be clinically manageable with standard medication. While the dose escalation trial confirmed MTD at 7.5 mg bid, the occurrence of four thromboembolic events at this dose level led to the reduction of the recommended phase 2 dose to 5 mg bid. No additional drug related thromboses were observed at the lower dose and the overall incidence rate (7.9%) of thromboembolic events at 5 mg bid is below the expected rate in this patient population. Conclusion: The continuous oral treatment with the pan-CDK inhibitor BAY 1000394 is feasible and showed signs of efficacy and pharmacodynamic activity at 5 mg bid on a 3-days on/4-days off treatment schedule in a non-biomarker selected expansion population of phase I patients with advanced stage SCLC or ovarian cancer.
Citation Format: Rastilav Bahleda, Fabrice Barlesi, Christine Audebert, Maurice Perol, Isabelle Ray-Coquard, Dirk Strumberg, Beate Schultheis, Ramaswamy Govindan, Grace K. Dy, Gerard Zalcman, Annette O. Walter, Martin Kornacker, Matthias Ocker, Jean-Charles Soria. A phase I study with the oral pan-CDK inhibitor BAY 1000394 in patients with advanced stage small cell lung or ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr CT209. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-CT209 | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
223948 | Zero and ultra-low field nuclear magnetic resonance | Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a powerful technique employed in many areas of modern science and industry. While a seemingly indispensable element of NMR is a strong (>5 T) magnetic field, recent progress in physics and chemistry have enabled detection of NMR signals at ultra-low and truly zero magnetic fields. This completely reverses conditions under which spin-dynamics are investigated and gives access to information unavailable in conventional NMR. A secondary horizon is microscopic low-field magnetic sensors that probe NMR signals of a single molecule, and provide interesting information about molecular dynamics and structures not accessible with conventional NMR. The address of specific molecular sites is a step towards realizing single-molecule quantum information storage.
In project ZULF, for the first time, we plan to connect experts of non-conventional NMR to create a network of zero- and ultra-low-field (ZULF) NMR science. We will gather and synergize scientists working on NMR J-spectroscopy, NMR hyperpolarization, ultra-precise and small-scale magnetometry to enhance the field and train a new generation of NMR researchers. Close collaboration with industry will address important challenges of modern NMR. Through frequent meetings, secondments, workshops, and a summer school the early-stage researchers (ESRs) will receive a unique training program on the most modern and advanced aspects of ZULF NMR that is unavailable in any current university course. The network covers a diverse range of projects aimed at bringing the technique to the next level, including spectrometer development, single-molecule detection, analytical chemistry, medical contrast agent imaging and exotic-physics searches. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
interreg_2489 | NEORION PLUS - Capitalisation and Promotion of green maritime technologies and new materials to enhance sustainable shipbuilding in
Adriatic Ionian Region | NEORION PLUS aims at promoting the results of the project NEORION in the Adriatic-Ionian on Green Shipbuilding in order to accelerate both the cooperation of key actors & innovation in the industry.
Raising awareness regarding Sustainable Shipbuilding among potential beneficiaries, stakeholders and interested institutions is going to be gained through meetings and events on National level and through social media and video, so that the NEORION project's outcomes are going to be further communicated to all interested target groups. Further promotion of the NEORION project outcomes and results to national/regional/level, are going to be reached through Training Activities on Technology Transfer on Green Shipbuilding, using the existing experience gained by NEORION project in order to raise the technology capacities of all partners and stakeholders from all the countries of the project. The capitalization strategy already presented in the framework of NEORION Project is going to be revised in order to ensure its resilience to COVID-19 and the consequent economic crisis and in parallel there is going to be an upgrade of the NERION project stakeholders’ platform on Green Shipbuilding, making it more operative and safer to users. Last but not least, there is a provision on providing first-hand information on managing and implementing European projects to future potential beneficiaries by organizing a major Workshop of Future Projects with the participation of stakeholders form ADRION or EU area and in cooperation with National Contact Points. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution"
]
|
648551 | Graphene Coated Nanoparticles and Nanograins | In a truly cross-disciplinary research project encompassing surface science, optics, nano-science, astrophysics and chemistry we will synthesize a novel family of high quality mono-layer graphene coated nanoparticles and graphene nanograins with new chemical and optical properties and investigate their catalytic activity, chemical stability and optical characteristics to gauge their relevance for and applicability in industrial catalysis, solar cells, and interstellar chemistry.
This will be accomplished by extending existing expertise, knowledge and methods developed by us and by international colleagues for graphene synthesis, graphene reactivity and chemical functionalization, graphene coatings on industrially relevant samples and interstellar surface astrochemistry on carbonaceous materials, into the nanoparticle regime. Combined with state-of-the-art surface science characterization methods with emphasis on scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and thermal desorption mass spectrometry, complemented by Raman and transmission spectroscopy, this will enable us to design, characterize, and understand the properties of this new family of particles at the atomic level.
The vision is to harness and combine the remarkable properties of graphene and nanoparticles to create systems with entirely new and unexplored characteristics, to tune these characteristics to be useful for real-world applications, and to exploit the new systems as the first realistic laboratory models of catalytic nanoparticles for interstellar surface chemistry.
This ambitious and cross-disciplinary research program will predominantly take place at the Surface Dynamics Laboratory at Aarhus University which is headed by the applicant, but will also involve local, national and international collaborators. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Universe Sciences"
]
|
215694 | Zero-Defect manufacturing of composite parts in the aerospace industry | In the aerospace industry very high quality standards have to be met. For the manufacturing of carbon fibre parts this is currently solved through extended end-of-line inspection in combination with re-work processes to deal with defective parts. Also, in-situ visual inspection is used for quality control, which is currently causing huge productivity losses (30%-50%) during lay-up and has become a real bottleneck in carbon fibre parts manufacturing.
The project will provide a solution by developing inline quality control methods for the key process steps: automatic lay-up (dry fibre placement and automatic dry material placement) and curing. At the system level decision support systems will be developed that assist human decision-making when assessing defects and when planning the part flow through the production line. These will be supported by simulation tools for part verification and logistical planning.
The future manufacturing of the A320neo wing covers will be provide the background for the developments. Each such wing cover consists of two parts, that each cost several hundred thousand Euros in manufacturing. Assuming the planned production rates of 60 planes per month from 2025, savings of 150 MEUR in production costs can be obtained per year.
The consortium consists of all key players that will play a future role in the manufacturing of such large carbon fibre parts. Airbus with its research centers Airbus Group Innovations and FIDAMC will play a leading role in the consortium as far as the multi-stage manufacturing process is concerned. Machine builders (MTorres, Danobat) and research centers will develop the inline quality control, while Dassault Systémes will provide simulation support. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
984115 | Water forced in hydrophobic nano-confinement: tunable solvent system | Water is the sustainable solvent of excellence but its high polarity limits the solubility of non-polar compounds. Confinement of water in hydrophobic pores alters its hydrogen bonding structure and related properties such as dielectric constant and solvation power. Whether this special state of confined water can be rendered useful in chemical processes is hitherto underexplored. The original idea of this project is to modulate water solvent properties through hydrophobic nano-confinement. Pressure is applied to force a heterogeneous mixture of poorly soluble molecules and water into hydrophobic nanopores of host material where the lowered polarity of water enhances dissolution. Decompression after reaction causes expulsion of the solution from the pores and spontaneous demixing of reaction products as water returns to its normal polar state.
Temporary dissolution enhancement during confinement is expected to be advantageous to chemical reaction and molecular storage. Development of dedicated hydrophobic nanoporous materials and research methodologies providing in situ characterization of confined water, solutes and host material using NMR, EIS, DRS, X-ray and neutron scattering under static and dynamic conditions are key aspects of this project. Nano-confined water offers a potential alternative to compression for storing CH4 and H2 gas, and opens new opportunities for green chemistry such as aqueous phase hydrogenation reactions which benefit from enhanced hydrogen solubility.
Unprecedented control in time and space over H2O solvation properties in a WATUSO system will enable new technologies with major scientific and societal impact. WATUSO will lead to new insights in water research and deliver new multi-diagnostic characterization tools. WATUSO could revolutionize chemical manufacturing and gas storage and the concept could spill over to many more solvent-based processes. WATUSO will contribute significantly to a greener, more sustainable chemical industry. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials",
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
10.2190/HS.43.3.h | Social change and women's health | Over the past five decades, the organization of women's lives has changed dramatically. Throughout the industrialized world, paid work and family biographies have been altered as the once-dominant role of homemaker has given way to the role of secondary, dual, or even primary wage-earner. The attendant changes represent a mix of gains and losses for women, in which not all women have benefited (or suffered) equally. But little is known about the health consequences. This article addresses that gap. It develops a "situated biographies" model to conceptualize how life course change may influence women's health. The model stresses the role of time, both as individual aging and as the anchoring of lives in particular historical periods. "Situating" biographies in this way highlights two key features of social change in women's lives: the ambiguous implications for the health of women as a group, and the probable connections to growing social and economic disparities in health among them. This approach lays the groundwork for more integrated and productive population-based research about how historical transformations may affect women's health. | [
"The Social World and Its Interactions",
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing"
]
|
W1947948633 | Lalo Alcaraz: political humour across borders | Lalo Alcaraz’s work centres on the life of Latinos in the United States. The son of Mexican immigrants to the United States, he is well aware of the conflicts between Latinos and Anglos, the dominant English-speaking group, particularly in the domain of politics. Alcaraz is a Latino spokesperson, presenting the point of view of this segment of the American population and denouncing the incongruities and absurdities that it faces. His main target is politicians, even if others can also feel his barbs. Alcaraz is relentless in his criticism and has exposed the political motives for decades. His critiques are timeless, evident in the recent resurgence of his older cartoons and strips, highlighting the continued marginalisation suffered by Latinos. This paper looks at how Alcaraz uses bilingual and bicultural punning to present his case. Alcaraz is a master at double entendre and has an uncanny ability to encapsulate the problems while straddling two languages. | [
"Texts and Concepts",
"The Social World and Its Interactions",
"Studies of Cultures and Arts"
]
|
W3045726472 | Pre-disaster planning and preparedness: drought and flood forecasting and analysis in Zimbabwe | A situational analysis of future drought and flood impacts in Zimbabwe is outlined in this present study. The assessment under different scenarios is carried out using Aqueduct Global Flood Analyzer in which all the analyses are based on the gross domestic product (GDP), population, and the present and future (2030) urban damage. In this study, to effectively estimate future changes, three scenarios were employed, namely, IPCC Scenario A2, the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) scenario which represents climate change, and the Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSP) scenario which represents socio-economic change. All these scenarios were employed from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 5th Assessment Report. To determine current mean monthly precipitation, 1981–2010 data were used and Meteonorm V7 software was employed for the generation of the mean monthly precipitation from 2011 to 2100. The level of flood protection employed is a 10-year one which is used to identify the population at risk, the effects of this event on the GDP and to determine the rate at which urban damage is happening. Utilizing Meteonorm V7 software, average monthly precipitation is predicted. This study determined that, in any year, the majority of Zimbabwe has a low to medium (2–3% probability) flood occurrence in which a 10-year flood has a 10% occurrence probability in any given year. If there is no flood protection employed, this 10-year flood could cause around 74.9 million USD affected GDP, 119 thousand affected population and 49.5 million USD urban damage. As much as it is impossible to eliminate drought and flood events, a diminution approach and proper planning and preparation before their occurrence reduce the economic and social losses. | [
"Earth System Science",
"Human Mobility, Environment, and Space"
]
|
10.1088/0004-637X/784/2/122 | Multi Wavelength Coverage Of State Transitions In The New Black Hole X Ray Binary Swift J1910 2 0546 | Understanding how black holes accrete and supply feedback to their environment is one of the outstanding challenges of modern astrophysics. Swift J1910. 2-0546 is a candidate black hole low-mass X-ray binary that was discovered in 2012 when it entered an accretion outburst. To investigate the binary configuration and the accretion morphology we monitored the evolution of the outburst for ~3 months at X-ray, UV, optical (B,V,R,I), and near-infrared (J,H,K) wavelengths using Swift and SMARTS. The source evolved from a hard to a soft X-ray spectral state with a relatively cold accretion disk that peaked at ~0. 5 keV. A Chandra/HETG spectrum obtained during this soft state did not reveal signatures of an ionized disk wind. Both the low disk temperature and the absence of a detectable wind could indicate that the system is viewed at relatively low inclination. The multi-wavelength light curves revealed two notable features that appear to be related to X-ray state changes. Firstly, a prominent flux decrease was observed in all wavebands ~1-2 weeks before the source entered the soft state. This dip occurred in (0. 6-10 keV) X-rays ~6 days later than at longer wavelengths, which could possibly reflect the viscous time scale of the disk. Secondly, about two weeks after the source transitioned back into the hard state, the UV emission significantly increased while the X-rays steadily decayed. We discuss how these observations may reflect changes in the accretion flow morphology, perhaps related to the quenching/launch of a jet or the collapse/recovery of a hot flow. | [
"Universe Sciences"
]
|
10.3390/biom5032101 | The impact of non-enzymatic reactions and enzyme promiscuity on cellular metabolism during (Oxidative) stress conditions | Cellular metabolism assembles in a structurally highly conserved, but functionally dynamic system, known as the metabolic network. This network involves highly active, enzyme-catalyzed metabolic pathways that provide the building blocks for cell growth. In parallel, however, chemical reactivity of metabolites and unspecific enzyme function give rise to a number of side products that are not part of canonical metabolic pathways. It is increasingly acknowledged that these molecules are important for the evolution of metabolism, affect metabolic efficiency, and that they play a potential role in human disease—age-related disorders and cancer in particular. In this review we discuss the impact of oxidative and other cellular stressors on the formation of metabolic side products, which originate as a consequence of: (i) chemical reactivity or modification of regular metabolites; (ii) through modifications in substrate specificity of damaged enzymes; and (iii) through altered metabolic flux that protects cells in stress conditions. In particular, oxidative and heat stress conditions are causative of metabolite and enzymatic damage and thus promote the non-canonical metabolic activity of the cells through an increased repertoire of side products. On the basis of selected examples, we discuss the consequences of non-canonical metabolic reactivity on evolution, function and repair of the metabolic network. | [
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
10.1002/anie.201702558 | A Modular Approach to Inorganic Phosphazane Macrocycles | Inorganic macrocycles, based on non-carbon backbones, present exciting synthetic challenges in the systematic assembly of inorganic molecules, as well as new avenues in host–guest and supramolecular chemistry. Here we demonstrate a new high-yielding modular approach to a broad range of trimeric and hexameric S- and Se-bridged inorganic macrocycles based on cyclophosphazane frameworks, using the building blocks [S=(H)P(μ-NR)]2. The method involves the in situ generation of the key intermediate [E (Formula presented. ) (S (Formula presented. ))P(μ-NR)]22−(E=S, Se) dianion, which can be reacted with electrophilic [ClP(μ-NR)]2 to give PIII/PV hexameric rings or reacted with I2 to give trimeric PV variants. Important issues which are highlighted in this work are the competitive bridging ability of S versus Se in these systems and the synthesis of the first air-stable and chiral inorganic macrocycles. | [
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
W2354895508 | On historical status of socialist thought of Bourgeois Revolutionary School at the 1911 Revolution stage | At the 1911 stage,Chinese Bourgeois Revolutionary School were not Chinese Marxists,but first advocated in history of Chinese socialist thought that modern China would enter socialist society directly,and that the Chinese people should carry out a peaceful social revolution after they won their political revolution,and that Chinese socialism would implement economic systems which let many ownership economies exist but state operated economy be the mainstay of the economy,pay close attention to and improve people's well-being,implement fairness and justice and that socialism would include state socialism.Their socialist thought not only occupied a certain status quo in history of Chinese socialist thought,but also has been of a certain practical significance to the present. | [
"Texts and Concepts",
"The Study of the Human Past"
]
|
W2904038236 | Resource value flow analysis of paper-making enterprises: A Chinese case study | Abstract Papermaking enterprises are currently under both environmental pressure and economic pressure for sustainable development in China. Thus, the efficiency, effectiveness, and benefits of resource utilization need to be improved. High-consumption and high-pollution companies should manufacture paper using sustainable methods. This study highlights a resource value flow analysis from the circular economy perspective, developing an extension of material flow cost accounting and modifying it by accounting for environmental damage as well as economic benefits. With reference to the Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle, this specific case study was conducted to verify the comprehensive utility of resource value flow analysis by establishing decision-making prioritization according to the dualistic diagnosis of “internal resource loss–external environmental damage costs.” In general, applying a resource value flow analysis can both reduce resource consumption and minimize environmental damage, enhancing the sustainable development of a process industry with limited resources. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution"
]
|
US 9917840 W | SUBSEA CONTROL MODULE | A subsea control module consists of three primary sections. The lower portion consists of a plate for carrying hydraulic couplings and hydraulic passages from valves to couplings. The lower portion contains a sub-assembly containing electro-optical couplings with direct sealed passages and wiring to a dry electronics chamber. The valve manifold has multiple pressure supply sources and a plurality of valves mounted therein. An outside portion of the valves are exposed so that the valves are externally accessible without disassembly of the subsea control module assembly, which facilitates an increase in accessibility and a reduction in maintenance times and costs. Electronics, wiring and solenoid valves are located in one atmosphere, dry nitrogen purged chamber in a pressure vessel dome. The dry chamber has direct access to transducers and solenoid valves, thereby eliminating subsea cables. A mandrel extends below the device for engagement with a central locking mechanism in a receiver baseplate. Since the mandrel is located below the SCM rather than extending therethrough, space within the device is not occupied by the mandrel. Therefore each module is of a reduced size, which permits the retrieval and immediate replacement of the module by an ROV, which reduces the need to make several trips between the surface and subsea. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
10.1146/annurev-phyto-082712-102340 | Induced systemic resistance by beneficial microbes | Beneficial microbes in the microbiome of plant roots improve plant health. Induced systemic resistance (ISR) emerged as an important mechanism by which selected plant growth-promoting bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere prime the whole plant body for enhanced defense against a broad range of pathogens and insect herbivores. A wide variety of root-associated mutualists, including Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Trichoderma, and mycorrhiza species sensitize the plant immune system for enhanced defense without directly activating costly defenses. This review focuses on molecular processes at the interface between plant roots and ISR-eliciting mutualists, and on the progress in our understanding of ISR signaling and systemic defense priming. The central role of the root-specific transcription factor MYB72 in the onset of ISR and the role of phytohormones and defense regulatory proteins in the expression of ISR in aboveground plant parts are highlighted. Finally, the ecological function of ISR-inducing microbes in the root microbiome is discussed. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution"
]
|
10.1051/eas/1982008 | Atmospheric tides and their consequences on the rotational dynamics of terrestrial planets | Atmospheric tides can have a strong impact on the rotational dynamics of planets. They are of most importance for terrestrial planets located in the habitable zone of their host star, where their competition with solid tides is likely to drive the body towards non-synchronized rotation states of equilibrium, as observed in the case of Venus. Contrary to other planetary layers, the atmosphere is sensitive to both gravitational and thermal forcings, through a complex dynamical coupling involving the effects of Coriolis acceleration and characteristics of the atmospheric structure. These key physics are usually not taken into account in modelings used to compute the evolution of planetary systems, where tides are described with parametrised prescriptions. In this work, we present a new ab initio modeling of atmospheric tides adapting the theory of the Earth’s atmospheric tides (Chapman & Lindzen 1970) to other terrestrial planets. We derive analytic expressions of the tidal torque, as a function of the tidal frequency and parameters characterizing the internal structure (e. g. the Brunt-Väisälä frequency, the radiative frequency, the pressure heigh scale). We show that stratification plays a key role, the tidal torque being strong in the case of convective atmospheres (i. e. with a neutral stratification) and weak in case of atmosphere convectively stable. In a second step, the model is used to determine the non-synchronized rotation states of equilibrium of Venus-like planets as functions of the physical parameters of the system. These results are detailed in Auclair-Desrotour et al. (2016a) and Auclair-Desrotour et al. (2016b). | [
"Universe Sciences",
"Earth System Science"
]
|
W2028747578 | Gender Differences in Adolescent Advertising Response: The Role of Involvement and Message Claim | This study investigates whether gender differences in adolescents’ advertising judgments and purchase intentions are due to their level of involvement with the advertised product, and with the claim made in the ad, i.e. whether evaluative versus factual message claims are used. Male (n = 115) and female adolescents (n = 127) were randomly assigned to a mixed design. They read either factual or evaluative ads (between-subjects variable) about a product within and about a product outside their area of interests (within-subjects variable). Results show that when an ad contained a description of a high involvement product (i.e. the youth magazine), adolescent females were persuaded most by factual information, whereas when the ad contained a description of a low involvement product (the sports magazine), they were persuaded more by evaluative information. Adolescent males overall indicated a more positive attitude towards a high involvement product, but were equally persuaded by evaluative and factual information. We conclude that gendered advertising responses do exist, and that the level of involvement with the product advertised determines which type of message claim—factual versus evaluative—is most effective for each gender. Discussion focuses on theoretical and practical implications of these results. | [
"The Social World and Its Interactions",
"The Human Mind and Its Complexity"
]
|
10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b04291 | Monolayer Doping of Silicon through Grafting a Tailored Molecular Phosphorus Precursor onto Oxide-Passivated Silicon Surfaces | Monolayer doping (MLD) of silicon substrates at the nanoscale is a powerful method to provide controlled doses of dopants and defect-free materials. However, this approach requires the deposition of a thick SiO2 cap layer to limit dopant evaporation during annealing. Here, we describe the controlled surface doping of thin oxide-passivated silicon wafers through a two-step process involving the grafting of a molecular phosphorus precursor containing a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) scaffold with silica-like architecture and thermal annealing. We show that the POSS scaffold favors the controlled formation of dopant-containing surface species with up to ∼8 × 1013 P atoms cm-2 and efficiently avoids phosphorus evaporation during annealing for temperatures up to 800 °C. Silicon doping is demonstrated, in particular, by grafting the POSS phosphorus triester on SiO2/Si wafers with optimized surface preparation (thin SiO2 layer of 0. 7 nm) and annealing temperature (1000 °C), which provides phosphorus doses of ∼7 × 1012 P atoms cm-2 in the silicon substrates together with a decrease of their sheet resistance. A detailed study of the surface chemistry on SiO2 nanoparticles used as a high-surface-area model yields the grafting mechanism and the structure of the surface species. We show that the POSS scaffold is conserved upon grafting, that its size controls the final P-surface density, and that it behaves as a self-protecting ligand against phosphorus volatilization during the annealing step. We thus demonstrate that the use of custom-made dopant precursors with self-capping properties is a promising approach to tune medium to low doping doses in technologically relevant semiconductors. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials"
]
|
10.7554/eLife.10850 | The kinetochore prevents centromere-proximal crossover recombination during meiosis | During meiosis, crossover recombination is essential to link homologous chromosomes and drive faithful chromosome segregation. Crossover recombination is non-random across the genome, and centromere-proximal crossovers are associated with an increased risk of aneuploidy, including Trisomy 21 in humans. Here, we identify the conserved Ctf19/CCAN kinetochore sub-complex as a major factor that minimizes potentially deleterious centromere-proximal crossovers in budding yeast. We uncover multi-layered suppression of pericentromeric recombination by the Ctf19 complex, operating across distinct chromosomal distances. The Ctf19 complex prevents meiotic DNA break formation, the initiating event of recombination, proximal to the centromere. The Ctf19 complex independently drives the enrichment of cohesin throughout the broader pericentromere to suppress crossovers, but not DNA breaks. This non-canonical role of the kinetochore in defining a chromosome domain that is refractory to crossovers adds a new layer of functionality by which the kinetochore prevents the incidence of chromosome segregation errors that generate aneuploid gametes. | [
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
interreg_1564 | Governance of Maritime Transport Services in the Mediterranean | This project takes on the shared challenge of sustainable growth through the innovative management of maritime freight transport services to mitigate the isolation of the islands. Go SMarT Med studies a new strategic governance to coordinate the connections between the Core ports (Genoa, Livorno, Cagliari, Palermo) and the Comprehensive ports (Toulon, Bastia) and improve the competitiveness of the islands. The current system for offering maritime freight transport services is uncoordinated and encourages the use of land transport. The general objective of the project is to contribute to developing coordinated maritime freight transport systems to improve the connection of the secondary and tertiary nodes of the cooperation area to the TEN-T networks. Go SMarT Med carries out a feasibility study that checks the degree of efficiency of a new network system optimised for the coordination of existing maritime transport services of goods by Ro-Ro and containers. This system, which is the subject of the governance project, is aimed at integrating tariffs (lower customer costs), schedules (shorter travel time) and frequencies of maritime transport lines operating in the study area. The new system benefits shipping companies, companies that send/receive goods (service customers), port operators (maritime agencies, freight forwarders, port employment agencies, transporters), representatives of public institutions and policymakers. The feasibility study is a strictly coordinated cross-border effort, carried out with the contribution of partners from all the regions involved in the programme. Go SMarT Med is innovative; its performance evaluations derive from real supply and demand data collected through interviews with the various supply chain actors. It also introduces goods traceability as a parameter to estimate the new network model that evaluates the effects of the coordinated system. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems",
"Human Mobility, Environment, and Space"
]
|
884217 | Attosecond physics, free electron quantum optics, photon generation and radiation biology with the accelerator on a photonic chip | Resting on our demonstration of laser-driven nanophotonics-based particle acceleration, we propose to build a miniature particle accelerator on a photonic chip, comprising high gradient acceleration and fully optical field-based electron control. The resulting electron beam has outstanding space-time properties: It is bunched on sub-femtosecond timescales, is nanometres wide and coherent. We aim at utilizing this new form of all-optical free electron control in a broad research program with five exciting objectives:
(1) Build a 5 MeV accelerator on a photonic chip in a shoebox-sized vessel,
(2) Perform ultrafast diffraction with attosecond and even zeptosecond electron pulses,
(3) Generate photons on chip at various wavelengths (IR to x-ray),
(4) Couple quantum-coherently electron wavepackets and light in multiple interaction zones, and
(5) Conduct radiobiological experiments, akin to the new FLASH radiotherapy and Microbeam cell treat-ment.
AccelOnChip will enable five science objectives potentially shifting the horizons of today’s knowledge and capabilities around ultrafast electron imaging, photon generation, (quantum) electron-light coupling, and radiotherapy dramatically. Moreover, AccelOnChip promises to democratize accelerators: the accelerator on a chip will be based on inexpensive nanofabrication technology. We foresee that every university lab can have access to particle and light sources, today only accessible at large facilities. Last, AccelOnChip will take decisive steps towards an ultracompact electron beam radiation device to be put into the tip of a catheter, a potentially disruptive radiation therapy device facilitating new treatment forms. AccelOnChip is a cross-disciplinary high risk/high return project combining and benefiting nanophotonics, accelerator science, ultra-fast physics, materials science, coherent light-matter coupling, light generation, and radiology - and is based on my group’s unique expertise acquired in recent years. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter",
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.1039/c7sc00129k | Two-dimensional crystal engineering using halogen and hydrogen bonds: towards structural landscapes | We apply the concepts of supramolecular synthons and structural landscapes to 2D crystallization at the solution–solid interface. | [
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
10.1007/978-3-642-34611-8_33 | On The Parameterized Complexity Of Finding Separators With Non Hereditary Properties | We study the problem of finding small s---t separators that induce graphs having certain properties. It is known that finding a minimum clique s---t separator is polynomial-time solvable (Tarjan 1985), while for example the problems of finding a minimum s---t separator that is a connected graph or an independent set are fixed-parameter tractable (Marx, O'Sullivan and Razgon, manuscript). We extend these results the following way:
· Finding a minimum c-connected s---t separator is FPT for c=2 and W[1]-hard for any c≥3. · Finding a minimum s---t separator with diameter at most d is W[1]-hard for any d≥2. · Finding a minimum r-regular s---t separator is W[1]-hard for any r≥1. · For any decidable graph property, finding a minimum s---t separator with this property is FPT parameterized jointly by the size of the separator and the maximum degree. We also show that finding a connected s---t separator of minimum size does not have a polynomial kernel, even when restricted to graphs of maximum degree at most 3, unless NP ⊆ coNP/poly. | [
"Mathematics",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
10.1128/AEM.01064-15 | Cable Bacteria In Freshwater Sediments | In marine sediments cathodic oxygen reduction at the sediment surface can be coupled to anodic sulfide oxidation in deeper anoxic layers through electrical currents mediated by filamentous, multicellular bacteria of the Desulfobulbaceae family, the so-called cable bacteria. Until now, cable bacteria have only been reported from marine environments. In this study, we demonstrate that cable bacteria also occur in freshwater sediments. In a first step, homogenized sediment collected from the freshwater stream Giber A, Denmark, was incubated in the laboratory. After 2 weeks, pH signatures and electric fields indicated electron transfer between vertically separated anodic and cathodic half-reactions. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed the presence of Desulfobulbaceae filaments. In addition, in situ measurements of oxygen, pH, and electric potential distributions in the waterlogged banks of Giber A demonstrated the presence of distant electric redox coupling in naturally occurring freshwater sediment. At the same site, filamentous Desulfobulbaceae with cable bacterium morphology were found to be present. Their 16S rRNA gene sequence placed them as a distinct sister group to the known marine cable bacteria, with the genus Desulfobulbus as the closest cultured lineage. The results of the present study indicate that electric currents mediated by cable bacteria could be important for the biogeochemistry in many more environments than anticipated thus far and suggest a common evolutionary origin of the cable phenotype within Desulfobulbaceae with subsequent diversification into a freshwater and a marine lineage. | [
"Earth System Science",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution"
]
|
Q2697849 | Financiación del capital circulante | En relación con la prohibición gubernamental de llevar a cabo actividades empresariales introducida por la decisión del Consejo de Ministros de 13 de marzo de 2020 del Ministro de Sanidad sobre el estado de la epidemia en Polonia, se produjo una disminución del 100 % en el volumen de negocios de nuestra empresa. Perdimos nuestra liquidez financiera y, como resultado, fuimos privados de cualquier ingreso financiero de la noche a la mañana. A partir del 13.3.2020, hemos estado con el mantenimiento de veinte empleados, con costos fijos como medios de comunicación, impuestos, salarios de empleados y otros y pasivos. Una de las industrias más difíciles de reconstruir después de la cerradura de la antigua es la industria de la hospitalidad, cuyos ingresos dependen de los huéspedes que llegan a las instalaciones. Atraer huéspedes durante la epidemia requiere desembolsos financieros muchas veces más altos que antes del brote. Las redes sociales gratuitas por el momento no son capaces de cumplir con el marketing alentador para atraer a un huésped del hotel, como lo fue en los días anteriores a la pandemia. Actualmente nos enfrentamos a enormes gastos en publicidad en sitios web, en la radio, en los periódicos. Nuestro spa Świeradów-Zdroj se basa en huéspedes extranjeros, por lo que también tuvimos que invertir en publicidad en el extranjero, lo que nunca hemos hecho hasta ahora. Los esfuerzos de marketing que necesitamos implementar ahora ponen una pesada carga en el presupuesto de la compañía. Animar y convencer a los huéspedes a venir de vacaciones y rehabilitación, que anteriormente disfrutaba de un gran interés para hoy, es muy difícil. No contamos con el apoyo de la Oficina de Trabajo de Poviat desde julio. Recibimos los costos fijos actuales, es decir, la remuneración de los empleados, ZUS, impuesto salarial, impuesto inmobiliario, electricidad y gas, y trabajamos en la ocupación del hotel en la cantidad de solo 30 %-40 %. | [
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations",
"Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems"
]
|
10.1126/sciadv.1400199 | Life and death of a single catalytic cracking particle | Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) particles account for 40 to 45% of worldwide gasoline production. The hierarchical complex particle pore structure allows access of long-chain feedstock molecules into active catalyst domains where they are cracked into smaller, more valuable hydrocarbon products (for example, gasoline). In this process, metal deposition and intrusion is a major cause for irreversible catalyst deactivation and shifts in product distribution. We used x-ray nanotomography of industrial FCC particles at differing degrees of deactivation to quantify changes in single-particle macroporosity and pore connectivity, correlated to iron and nickel deposition. Our study reveals that these metals are incorporated almost exclusively in near-surface regions, severely limiting macropore accessibility as metal concentrations increase. Because macropore channels are “highways” of the pore network, blocking them prevents feedstock molecules from reaching the catalytically active domains. Consequently, metal deposition reduces conversion with time on stream because the internal pore volume, although itself unobstructed, becomes largely inaccessible. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Materials Engineering",
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
W1978952320 | The importance of tumor palpability and transrectal ultrasonographic appearance in the contemporary clinical staging of prostate cancer | An accurate assessment of the clinical stage of prostate cancer is important to determine the most appropriate treatments for patients. Most centers rely on digital rectal examination, given conflicting results in the literature regarding the role of transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS).Since ultrasound technologies as well as physician experience have improved, the contemporary impact of TRUS on the clinical staging of prostate cancer was assessed.In 2002, a standardized form to evaluate TRUS findings in order to rank the clinical suspicion of extracapsular extension (ECE) was used for all prostate cancer patients evaluated at UCSF. Preoperative clinical findings were compared with pathological staging as assessed by analysis of radical prostatectomy specimens from 2002 to 2007 (n = 620).Mean patient age was 58 ± 6.6 years with a mean PSA of 7.0 ± 4.5; 157/620 (25.3%) had pathologic ECE. Evidence of ECE by TRUS was associated with higher pathologic stage (P < 0.00001) and higher rates of biochemical failure after prostatectomy (P = 0.0006). Overall, TRUS had a 31% sensitivity, 92% specificity, 58% positive predictive value, and 80% negative predictive value with an area under the curve of 0.77 for the detection of ECE. TRUS alone was significantly more accurate in predicting ECE than commonly used nomograms or tables (P < 0.001) when examining patients with impalpable tumors.In the current era, TRUS provides an accurate method to assess a cancer stage. | [
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases",
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing"
]
|
10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.11.014 | Plasma membrane reorganization: A glycolipid gateway for microbes | Ligand-receptor interactions, which represent the core for cell signaling and internalization processes are largely affected by the spatial configuration of host cell receptors. There is a growing piece of evidence that receptors are not homogeneously distributed within the plasma membrane, but are rather pre-clustered in nanodomains, or clusters are formed upon ligand binding. Pathogens have evolved many strategies to evade the host immune system and to ensure their survival by hijacking plasma membrane receptors that are most often associated with lipid rafts. In this review, we discuss the early stage molecular and physiological events that occur following ligand binding to host cell glycolipids. The ability of various biological ligands (e. g. toxins, lectins, viruses or bacteria) that bind to glycolipids to induce their own uptake into mammalian cells by creating negative membrane curvature and membrane invaginations is explored. We highlight recent trends in understanding nanoscale plasma membrane (re-)organization and present the benefits of using synthetic membrane systems. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Nanoscale membrane organisation and signalling. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy",
"Condensed Matter Physics"
]
|
10.1111/jep.13459 | Agent-based modelling for SARS-CoV-2 epidemic prediction and intervention assessment: A methodological appraisal | Background: Our purpose is to assess epidemiological agent-based models—or ABMs—of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic methodologically. The rapid spread of the outbreak requires fast-paced decision-making regarding mitigation measures. However, the evidence for the efficacy of non-pharmaceutical interventions such as imposed social distancing and school or workplace closures is scarce: few observational studies use quasi-experimental research designs, and conducting randomized controlled trials seems infeasible. Additionally, evidence from the previous coronavirus outbreaks of SARS and MERS lacks external validity, given the significant differences in contagiousness of those pathogens relative to SARS-CoV-2. To address the pressing policy questions that have emerged as a result of COVID-19, epidemiologists have produced numerous models that range from simple compartmental models to highly advanced agent-based models. These models have been criticized for involving simplifications and lacking empirical support for their assumptions. Methods: To address these voices and methodologically appraise epidemiological ABMs, we consider AceMod (the model of the COVID-19 epidemic in Australia) as a case study of the modelling practice. Results: Our example shows that, although epidemiological ABMs involve simplifications of various sorts, the key characteristics of social interactions and the spread of SARS-CoV-2 are represented sufficiently accurately. This is the case because these modellers treat empirical results as inputs for constructing modelling assumptions and rules that the agents follow; and they use calibration to assert the adequacy to benchmark variables. Conclusions: Given this, we claim that the best epidemiological ABMs are models of actual mechanisms and deliver both mechanistic and difference-making evidence. Consequently, they may also adequately describe the effects of possible interventions. Finally, we discuss the limitations of ABMs and put forward policy recommendations. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.1039/c7sc04916a | Stereoselective cobalt-catalyzed halofluoroalkylation of alkynes | Stereoselective additions of functionalized reagents to unsaturated hydrocarbons are attractive due to the high atom economy, modularity and rapid generation of complexity. We report a stereoselective cobalt-catalyzed (E)-halofluoroalkylation of alkynes/alkenes that under mild conditions (2 mol% cat. , 20 °C, acetone/water, 3 h). This reaction operates via a radical chain mechanism involving terminal halogen atom transfer which obviates the need for a stoichiometric sacrificial reductant. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials"
]
|
2721419 | Export free rad-hard microcontroller for space applications | The MORAL project has two main goals. The first goal is to develop a completely European, ITAR (International Traffic in Arms Regulations) free microcontroller for space applications, focused on small satellites, flight control and payload computers for the purposes of mission control, earth observation, navigation and many other applications. The processor core of the microcontroller is based on a novel IHP Peaktop architecture, including novel, European instruction set. The microcontroller will provide mechanisms for increased reliability and adaptability according to the needs of the space applications. Besides the microcontroller, the required ITAR-free middleware, RTOS (Real Time Operating System) and toolchain will be also avThe MORAL project basically has two objectives. One is to develop a completely European, ITAR (International Traffic in Arms Regulations) free microcontroller for space applications, focused on small satellites, flight control and payload computers for the purposes of mission control, earth observation, navigation and many other applications. The processor core of the microcontroller is based on a novel IHP Peaktop architecture, including novel, European instruction set. The microcontroller will provide mechanisms for increased reliability and adaptability according to the needs of the space applications. Besides the microcontroller, the required ITAR-free middleware, RTOS (Real Time Operating System) and toolchain will be also available. Achievement of TRL 7 is planned. The other goal is to establish a new European company held by the core consortium partners involved in the project, which will target a trans-continental market. This new company, as the last stage of the evolution of the project, will sell the microcontroller and give support to the market. It will be focused to produce the microcontroller that can bootstrap the European market for space applications. In particular, we will target the fast growing small satellite market. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
10.1080/00927872.2013.788184 | Representation Spaces Of The Jordan Plane | We investigate relations between the properties of an algebra and its varieties of finite-dimensional module structures, on the example of the Jordan plane R = k ⟨ x, y ⟩ /(xy − yx − y 2). A complete description of irreducible components of the representation variety mod(R, n) is obtained for any dimension n, it is shown that the representation variety is equidimensional. We investigate the influence of the property of the noncommutative Koszul (or Golod–Shafarevich) complex to be a DG-algebra resolution of an algebra, on the structure of representation spaces. It is shown that the Jordan plane provides a new example of representational complete intersection (RCI), which is not a preprojective algebra. | [
"Mathematics"
]
|
10.1093/beheco/araa015 | Benefits of cooperation in captive Damaraland mole-rats | Although the social mole-rats are commonly classified as eusocial breeders on the grounds that groups include a single breeding female (the "queen") and a number of nonbreeding individuals ("helpers") of both sexes, alloparental care is not highly developed in these species and there is no direct evidence that the presence or number of nonbreeders is associated with reductions in the workload of the "queen. "An alternative interpretation of mole-rat groups is that the social mole-rats are cooperative foragers rather than cooperative or eusocial breeders. Here, in captive colonies of Damaraland mole-rats (Fukomys damarensis), we provide the first evidence that increases in the number of nonbreeding subordinates in mole-rat groups are associated with reductions in the workload of "queens"and with increases in their fecundity. | [
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems"
]
|
10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.035 | Hybrid Gene Origination Creates Human-Virus Chimeric Proteins during Infection | RNA viruses are a major human health threat. The life cycles of many highly pathogenic RNA viruses like influenza A virus (IAV) and Lassa virus depends on host mRNA, because viral polymerases cleave 5′-m7G-capped host transcripts to prime viral mRNA synthesis (“cap-snatching”). We hypothesized that start codons within cap-snatched host transcripts could generate chimeric human-viral mRNAs with coding potential. We report the existence of this mechanism of gene origination, which we named “start-snatching. ” Depending on the reading frame, start-snatching allows the translation of host and viral “untranslated regions” (UTRs) to create N-terminally extended viral proteins or entirely novel polypeptides by genetic overprinting. We show that both types of chimeric proteins are made in IAV-infected cells, generate T cell responses, and contribute to virulence. Our results indicate that during infection with IAV, and likely a multitude of other human, animal and plant viruses, a host-dependent mechanism allows the genesis of hybrid genes. | [
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
10.1145/2070736.2070738 | A Logical Toolbox For Ontological Reasoning | In ontology-enhanced database systems, an ontology on top of the extensional database expresses intensional knowledge that enhances the database schema. Queries posed to such systems are to be evaluated considering all the knowledge inferred from the data by means of the ontology; in other words, queries are to be evaluated against the logical theory constituted by the data and the ontology. In this context, tractability of query answering is a central issue, given that the data size is normally very large. This paper surveys results on a recently introduced family of Datalog-based languages, called Datalog+/-, which is a useful logical toolbox for ontology modeling and for ontology-based query answering. We present different Datalog+/- languages and related complexity results, showing that Datalog+/- can be successfully adopted due to its clarity, expressiveness and its good computational properties. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"Mathematics"
]
|
10.1038/ni.3575 | RASGRP1 deficiency causes immunodeficiency with impaired cytoskeletal dynamics | RASGRP1 is an important guanine nucleotide exchange factor and activator of the RAS-MAPK pathway following T cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling. The consequences of RASGRP1 mutations in humans are unknown. In a patient with recurrent bacterial and viral infections, born to healthy consanguineous parents, we used homozygosity mapping and exome sequencing to identify a biallelic stop-gain variant in RASGRP1. This variant segregated perfectly with the disease and has not been reported in genetic databases. RASGRP1 deficiency was associated in T cells and B cells with decreased phosphorylation of the extracellular-signal-regulated serine kinase ERK, which was restored following expression of wild-type RASGRP1. RASGRP1 deficiency also resulted in defective proliferation, activation and motility of T cells and B cells. RASGRP1-deficient natural killer (NK) cells exhibited impaired cytotoxicity with defective granule convergence and actin accumulation. Interaction proteomics identified the dynein light chain DYNLL1 as interacting with RASGRP1, which links RASGRP1 to cytoskeletal dynamics. RASGRP1-deficient cells showed decreased activation of the GTPase RhoA. Treatment with lenalidomide increased RhoA activity and reversed the migration and activation defects of RASGRP1-deficient lymphocytes. | [
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
10.1088/1748-9326/ab7d05 | Extreme dry and wet spells face changes in their duration and timing | Dry spells are sequences of days without precipitation. They can have negative implications for societies, including water security and agriculture. For example, changes in their duration and within-year timing can pose a threat to food production and wildfire risk. Conversely, wet spells are sequences of days with precipitation above a certain threshold, and changes in their duration and within-year timing can impact agriculture, flooding or the prevalence of water-related vector-borne diseases. Here we assess changes in the duration and within-year timing of extreme dry and wet spells over 60 years (1958-2017) using a consistent global land surface precipitation dataset of 5093 rain gauge locations. The dataset allowed for detailed spatial analyses of the United States, Europe and Australia. While many locations exhibit statistically significant changes in the duration of extreme dry and wet spells, the changes in the within-year timing are less often significant. Our results show consistencies with observations and projections from state-of-the-art climate and water resources research. In addition, we provide new insights regarding trends in the timing of extreme dry and wet spells, an aspect being equally important for possible future implications of extremes in a changing climate, which has not yet received the same level of attention and is characterized by larger uncertainty. | [
"Earth System Science",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution"
]
|
10.1101/gr.176701.114 | OutKnocker: A web tool for rapid and simple genotyping of designer nuclease edited cell lines | The application of designer nucleases allows the induction of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) at user-defined genomic loci. Due to imperfect DNA repair mechanisms, DSBs can lead to alterations in the genomic architecture, such as the disruption of the reading frame of a critical exon. This can be exploited to generate somatic knockout cell lines. While high genome editing activities can be achieved in various cellular systems, obtaining cell clones that contain all-allelic frameshift mutations at the target locus of interest remains a laborious task. To this end, we have developed an easy-to-follow deep sequencing workflow and the evaluation tool OutKnocker (www. OutKnocker. org), which allows convenient, reliable, and cost-effective identification of knockout cell lines. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
EP 2013069890 W | INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE HAVING A CYLINDER HEAD WHICH IS CONFIGURED JOINTLY FOR A PLURALITY OF CYLINDERS | The invention relates to an internal combustion engine (1) having a cylinder head (2) which is configured jointly for a plurality of cylinders (Z) and a liner unit (3) for a plurality of cylinders (Z) which is fastened to the cylinder head (2), wherein a cooling jacket arrangement having at least one cooling jacket (6, 7) is formed into the liner unit (3), which cooling jacket arrangement preferably surrounds the cylinders (Z). In order to avoid deformations of the liner unit (3), it is provided that the liner unit (3) has a clearance with respect to a surrounding cylinder housing (9). | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
10.1016/j.molonc.2015.08.001 | Fibroblast activation protein-α, a stromal cell surface protease, shapes key features of cancer associated fibroblasts through proteome and degradome alterations | Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) constitute an abundant stromal component of most solid tumors. Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) α is a cell surface protease that is expressed by CAFs. We corroborate this expression profile by immunohistochemical analysis of colorectal cancer specimens. To better understand the tumor-contextual role of FAPα, we investigate how FAPα shapes functional and proteomic features of CAFs using loss- and gain-of function cellular model systems. FAPα activity has a strong impact on the secreted CAF proteome ("secretome"), including reduced levels of anti-angiogenic factors, elevated levels of transforming growth factor (TGF) β, and an impact on matrix processing enzymes. Functionally, FAPα mildly induces sprout formation by human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Moreover, loss of FAPα leads to a more epithelial cellular phenotype and this effect was rescued by exogenous application of TGFβ. In collagen contraction assays, FAPα induced a more contractile cellular phenotype. To characterize the proteolytic profile of FAPα, we investigated its specificity with proteome-derived peptide libraries and corroborated its preference for cleavage carboxy-terminal to proline residues. By "terminal amine labeling of substrates" (TAILS) we explored FAPα-dependent cleavage events. Although FAPα acts predominantly as an amino-dipeptidase, putative FAPα cleavage sites in collagens are present throughout the entire protein length. In contrast, putative FAPα cleavage sites in non-collagenous proteins cluster at the amino-terminus. The degradomic study highlights cell-contextual proteolysis by FAPα with distinct positional profiles. Generally, our findings link FAPα to key aspects of CAF biology and attribute an important role in tumor-stroma interaction to FAPα. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing"
]
|
US 76206010 A | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GEOGRAPHICALLY AIDING NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM SOLUTION | The present invention is related to position calculation and navigation systems, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for making accuracy improvements to a GPS receiver's navigation solutions. According to a first aspect, selective cartography information from a map database accessed by a GPS receiver from a location-aiding device is integrated into the position calculations performed by the GPS receiver. According to another aspect, selective cartography information includes indices representing associated attributes of geographical objects, such as, a width-indicator index for a road segment. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
10.1186/gm486 | BAIT: Organizing genomes and mapping rearrangements in single cells | Strand-seq is a single-cell sequencing technique to finely map sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and other rearrangements. To analyze these data, we introduce BAIT, software which assigns templates and identifies and localizes SCEs. We demonstrate BAIT can refine completed reference assemblies, identifying approximately 21 Mb of incorrectly oriented fragments and placing over half (2. 6 Mb) of the orphan fragments in mm10/GRCm38. BAIT also stratifies scaffold-stage assemblies, potentially accelerating the assembling and finishing of reference genomes. BAIT is available at http://sourceforge. net/projects/bait/. ; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems"
]
|
10.2458/v24i1.20786 | Health as dignity: Political ecology, epistemology and challenges to environmental justice movements | The article discusses conceptual and methodological issues related to environmental risks and health problems, in the context of environmental injustice and conflicts. In doing so, we use the conceptual frameworks of political ecology and what we call political epistemology. We propose a comprehensive vision of health that relates not only to illness and death, but also to life, nature, culture and fundamental human rights. We summarize this as health and dignity, echoing the voices of countless people who have been fighting for the right to life and the commons, and against the impacts of mining, agribusiness and the oil industry. Therefore our concept of health is intrinsically related to the capacity of affected communities and their democratic allies to face environmental conflicts (the exploitation of natural resources and the workforce with the systematic violation of rights related to work, land, environment and health). Mobilizations for environmental justice also struggle for the autonomy of communities, their cultures, and the right to maintain indigenous or peasant livelihoods. The way knowledge is produced plays a fundamental role in environmental justice mobilizations since issues of power are related to epistemological disputes and counter-hegemonic alternatives. Political epistemology is an alternative way of confronting crucial questions related to knowledge production, uncertainties and the manipulations of those who generate environmental injustices. Finally, we point to some strategies for strengthening the shared production of knowledge and the mobilization of communities that organize to confront environmental injustices. | [
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"Human Mobility, Environment, and Space",
"Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems",
"The Social World and Its Interactions"
]
|
W2075918580 | Research on Functional Similarity and Structural Similarity of Mechanical Components | The similarity theory is in essence a method based on equation expression. In the application, the model is regarded to be similar to the prototype only if the similarity theorem can be met. But different physical objects have the same equation expression, so the model is always not similar to the prototype. To solve this problem, a new method which studies the similarity of mechanical components from the perspective of function and structure is put forward in this paper, based on the similarity theory and the ‘black box’ concept. The functional similarity criteria and structural similarity criteria derived from this method can accurately describe the similar properties of mechanical components under different similar requirements and can be used to set up the experimental model. Finally, a series of basic mechanical components are taken for example to verify the feasibility and superiority of this method. The method put forward in this paper can be applied to model test design and engineering test, etc. under different similar requirements. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
10.1088/0004-637X/722/2/1589 | Detecting Massive Gravitons Using Pulsar Timing Arrays | Massive gravitons are features of some alternatives to general relativity. This has motivated experiments and observations that, so far, have been consistent with the zero mass graviton of general relativity, but further tests will be valuable. A basis for new tests may be the high sensitivity gravitational wave experiments that are now being performed, and the higher sensitivity experiments that are being planned. In these experiments it should be feasible to detect low levels of dispersion due to nonzero graviton mass. One of the most promising techniques for such a detection may be the pulsar timing program that is sensitive to nano-Hertz gravitational waves. Here we present some details of such a detection scheme. The pulsar timing response to a gravitational wave background with the massive graviton is calculated, and the algorithm to detect the massive graviton is presented. We conclude that, with 90% probability, massles gravitons can be distinguished from gravitons heavier than $3\times 10^{-22}$ eV (Compton wave length $\lambda_{\rm g}=4. 1 \times 10^{12}$ km), if biweekly observation of 60 pulsars are performed for 5 years with pulsar RMS timing accuracy of 100 ns. If 60 pulsars are observed for 10 years with the same accuracy, the detectable graviton mass is reduced to $5\times 10^{-23}$ eV ($\lambda_{\rm g}=2. 5 \times 10^{13}$ km); for 5-year observations of 100 or 300 pulsars, the sensitivity is respectively $2. 5\times 10^{-22}$ ($\lambda_{\rm g}=5. 0\times 10^{12}$ km) and $10^{-22}$ eV ($\lambda_{\rm g}=1. 2\times 10^{13}$ km). Finally, a 10-year observation of 300 pulsars with 100 ns timing accuracy would probe graviton masses down to $3\times 10^{-23}$ eV ($\lambda_{\rm g}=4. 1\times 10^{13}$ km). | [
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter",
"Universe Sciences"
]
|
10.3989/sefarad.016.006 | The socialization of the conversos in the Western Sephardic diaspora communities according to inquisitorial sources | At the same time as the 17th-century emigration from the Iberian Peninsula to the Western Sephardic Diaspora took place, the reverse process also occurred. Several individuals who had belonged to these communities decided to return, temporarily or permanently, to Spain, Portugal, or their colonies, and were imprisoned and tried by the Inquisition. Trial documents provide us with some insight into the social and religious life of these communities. Using inquisitorial sources, this article discusses some aspects of the circumcision rite, education, and synagogue life in these communities and their function in socializing the New Christians who returned to Judaism. | [
"The Study of the Human Past",
"The Social World and Its Interactions"
]
|
169363 | Linking plant functional diversity to ecosystem multifunctionality in arid systems worldwilde | The relationship between plant functional diversity and ecosystem functioning has been hotly debated, and previous research has shown direct feedbacks effects of functional community structure on ecosystem processes. However, previous studies have not considered indirect effects via changes in biotic interactions, and this is an emerging and crucial challenge for community and ecosystem ecologists. The DRYFUN project aims to assess the ultimate effects of biotic interactions on ecosystem processes of global drylands, by coupling a multi-trait approach with an observational database from 236 sites distributed among all continents except Antarctica. Its main objectives are to: (i) test the importance of abiotic and biotic processes for community structure in global drylands, (ii) assess the importance of within- and between-species trait variability for functional diversity, (iii) assess both the direct and indirect impact of dryland functional diversity on ecosystem multifunctionality (i.e., the provision of several ecosystem processes simultaneously; multifunctionality hereafter) at multiple spatial scales and (iv) explore the importance of taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversities on multifunctionality. The DRYFUN project is a unique opportunity to test the universal impact of functional diversity on dryland ecosystem functioning, and to provide data for establishing relevant management and restoration strategies for drylands. | [
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"Earth System Science"
]
|
10.1098/rspa.2015.0821 | Feedback control of combustion instabilities from within limit cycle oscillations using H∞ loop-shaping and the
ν
-gap metric | Combustion instabilities arise owing to a two-way coupling between acoustic waves and unsteady heat release. Oscillation amplitudes successively grow, until nonlinear effects cause saturation into limit cycle oscillations. Feedback control, in which an actuator modifies some combustor input in response to a sensor measurement, can suppress combustion instabilities. Linear feedback controllers are typically designed, using linear combustor models. However, when activated from within limit cycle, the linear model is invalid, and such controllers are not guaranteed to stabilize. This work develops a feedback control strategy guaranteed to stabilize from within limit cycle oscillations. A low-order model of a simple combustor, exhibiting the essential features of more complex systems, is presented. Linear plane acoustic wave modelling is combined with a weakly nonlinear describing function for the flame. The latter is determined numerically using a level set approach. Its implication is that the open-loop transfer function (OLTF) needed for controller design varies with oscillation level. The difference between the mean and the rest of the OLTFs is characterized using the
ν
-gap metric, providing the minimum required ‘robustness margin’ for an
H
∞
loop-shaping controller. Such controllers are designed and achieve stability both for linear fluctuations and from within limit cycle oscillations. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
176453 | Exploring bacterial quorum sensing infochemicals and hydrolytic proteins linked to marine particle degradation | The ocean is by far the largest reservoir for carbon dioxide (CO2) on Earth and represents a driving force for climate mitigation. Through photosynthesis, active marine microorganisms (e.g. phytoplankton) convert atmospheric CO2 into biomass, where the majority of it is cycled in the surface waters by diverse processes including bacterial respiration and hydrolysis. Some of this biomass is exported as particulate organic carbon (POC) into the deep ocean, where bacterial cells play a critical role in regulating the efficiency of carbon export because they colonize and enzymatically hydrolyze POC as it sinks . A recent study suggested that signaling mechanisms within particle-associated bacterial communities enhance the activity of hydrolytic proteins involved in POC degradation. This overlooked process, known as quorum sensing, might impact the amount of carbon sequestered in the marine environment and ultimately affect the rate that CO2 is removed from the atmosphere.
Quorum sensing (QS) involves the excretion and reception of distinct signaling molecules, but the biogeochemical implications of these bacterial “conversations” are poorly understood. To date, only a few culture-independent studies on QS in the marine environment have been carried out. This project will elucidate the role of QS systems among marine bacteria in triggering the synthesis of specific infochemicals and hydrolytic proteins, as well as its impact on shaping particles and particle-associated bacterial communities. Proposed methods include mass spectrometry, proteomics, three-dimensional particle imaging, molecular assessment of bacterial assemblages, and in situ localization of bacteria on intact particles. The outcome of the project will provide critical information on the importance of QS in regulating the efficiency of POC degradation in the ocean, which is necessary to understand and predict future climate scenarios. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"Earth System Science"
]
|
10.1142/S0129055X10003904 | From Global Symmetries To Local Currents The Free Scalar Case In Four Dimensions | Within the framework of algebraic quantum field theory, we propose a new method of constructing local generators of (global) gauge symmetries in field theoretic models, starting from the existence of unitary operators implementing locally the flip automorphism on the doubled theory. We show, in the simple example of the internal symmetries of a multiplet of free scalar fields, that through the pointlike limit of such local generators the conserved Wightman currents associated with the symmetries are recovered. | [
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter",
"Mathematics"
]
|
175226 | Strongly interacting bose gases | This project addresses questions of emergent phenomena: How do remarkable properties of matter emerge from complex correlations between the atomic constituents? This is one of the current grand challenges in the physical sciences. Specifically, the research will focus on Strongly Interacting Bose Gases (SIBG). The Bose gas is of fundamental significance as a quintessential example of a quantum fluid. SIBG occur when interactions are maximized by a large scattering-length (of a similar magnitude to the interparticle spacing). In the unitary limit (divergent scattering length) all physical properties are expected to scale with the density. Recent experiments with ultra-cold quantum gases have observed that such a state can be created, and its properties accurately measured. Such experiments provide us with access to a remarkably clean and tunable realisation of a strongly interacting quantum many-body system. This is ideal for building up our understanding of many-body physics, which harbours some of the most difficult and relevant questions in the physical sciences. Currently, our theoretical understanding of SIBG is relatively undeveloped, and questions relating to their most basic properties lack consensus. In this project we will theoretically determine the thermodynamics and stability of SIBG. Within this proposal, we outline a set of highly innovative approaches designed to achieve these goals. Our theoretical models are based on an amalgamation of few-body and many-body approaches, for which the combination of; Experienced Researcher – Dr Sykes, and LPTMS supervisor – Dr Petrov, form a uniquely capable team. This research lies at the cutting-edge of strongly-correlated quantum many-body physics. The results will fundamentally advance our understanding of quantum fluids, and provide us with new theoretical methods/innovations that can be utilised and tested in other areas of condensed-matter and material-science. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter"
]
|
10.1051/0004-6361/201526105 | The Origin Of The Far Infrared Continuum Of Z 6 Quasars A Radiative Transfer Model For Sdss J1148 5251 | Context. Understanding the history of formation of z > 6 quasars is a major challenge to theoretical models. Physical insights on the connection between the central black hole and its host galaxy can be gained by means of the quasar infrared properties. Aims: Here we investigate the origin of the far-infrared continuum of SDSS J1148+5251, using it as a prototype for the more general class of high-luminosity high-redshift quasars. Methods: We run the radiative transfer code TRADING to follow the transfer of radiation from the central source and from stellar sources through the dusty environment of the host galaxy. We adopt simple models for the central source, including all the radiation that can travel beyond the dusty torus. The radiation from stellar sources is modelled using the code PEGASE. The model is based on the output of the semi-analytical merger tree code, GAMETE/QSOdust, which lets us predict the evolution of the host galaxy and of its nuclear black hole, following the star formation history and chemical evolution - including dust - in all the progenitor galaxies of SDSS J1148+5251. Results: We find that the radiation emitted by the central source, which dominates the observed spectral energy distribution from UV/optical to near- and mid-infrared wavelengths, can also provide an important source of heating for the dust distributed in the host galaxy, powering at least 30% and up to 70% of the observed far-infrared emission at rest-frame wavelengths [20-1000] μm. The remaining fraction is contributed by stellar sources and can only be achieved if the host galaxy is able to sustain a star formation rate of ≈900 M⊙/yr at z = 6. 4. This points to a co-evolution scenario where, during their hierarchical assembly, the first super-massive black holes and their host galaxies grow at the same pace until the black hole reaches a mass of ~2 × 108 M⊙; it then starts growing faster than its host, reaching the bright quasar phase when the black hole and stellar mass fall within the scatter of the scaling relation observed in local galaxies. This same evolutionary scenario has been recently shown to explain the properties of a larger sample of 5 <z <6. 4 quasars, with the implication that current dynamical mass measurements may have missed an important fraction of the host galaxy stellar mass. Conclusions: We conclude that the far-infrared luminosity of high-z quasars is a sensitive tracer of the rapidly changing physical conditions in the host galaxy. Quasars appear far-infrared bright when the host galaxy can still sustain strong starbursts, with star formation rates 100 M⊙/yr | [
"Universe Sciences",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
W2001279476 | Simulation based optimisation model for the lean assessment in SME: a case study | Due to their space limitation and small production scale, small and medium enterprises (SME) are vulnerable to rapid changes. Lean principles are considered as effective improvement approach to eliminate system's waste and inefficiencies. Although much of the academic materials have addressed the lean practices into large, global companies, they can still be adjusted to SMEs. Risks are usually associated with lean implementation process due to the drastic required changes in business policies and operations. Simulation can be successfully used to predict the impact of the proposed changes ahead of the implementation which helps to mitigate risks. Integrating simulation with optimization techniques provides optimum settings of the lean factors prior to the go live stage. In this study, simulation based optimization model was developed to optimize a set of parameters of lean SME against three performance measures -- cycle time, WIP (work in process) and workforce utilization. Results showed constructive insights. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
W802272013 | Wound healing in rabbit corneas after flapless refractive lenticule extraction with a 345 nm ultraviolet femtosecond laser | Purpose To characterize corneal wound healing in a rabbit model after flapless refractive lenticule extraction with a 345 nm ultraviolet femtosecond laser. Setting Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy II, University of Erlangen-Nurnberg and Wavelight GmbH, Erlangen, Germany. Design Experimental study. Methods Flapless refractive lenticule extraction was performed in 1 eye each of 20 New Zealand white rabbits (−5.0 diopters). Groups of 4 animals were euthanized after 48 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 3 months, respectively. Corneal samples were prepared for histology and fluorescence microscopy. To assess corneal cell death, proliferation, and myofibroblastic transdifferentiation, terminal uridine deoxynucleotidyl nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay as well as immunostaining for Ki67 and α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) were performed on sagittal cryosections. Results Histology revealed a zone of keratocyte depletion with a thickness of approximately 50 μm around the extraction site. At 48 hours, pronounced TUNEL staining of keratocytes was detected around the interface (159.9 cells/mm ± 18.4 [SD]), which steadily decreased to 74.9 ± 19.8 cells/mm at 1 week and 5.7 ± 4.8 cells/mm at 2 weeks. Ki67 staining of keratocytes was evident at 48 hours (10.0 ± 3.8 cells/mm), which then decreased at 1 week (5.2 ± 1.7 cells/mm) and 2 weeks (0.4 ± 0.5 cells/mm). From 4 weeks onward, no TUNEL or Ki67 staining was detected. The corneal stroma was αSMA-negative at all timepoints. Conclusion Application of the 345 nm laser showed no signs of problematic repair processes in the cornea, which supports the initiation of the clinical phase. | [
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.1155/2018/1601486 | Towards Targeting The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor In Cystic Fibrosis | Tryptophan (trp) metabolism is an important regulatory component of gut mucosal homeostasis and the microbiome. Metabolic pathways targeting the trp can lead to a myriad of metabolites, of both host and microbial origins, some of which act as endogenous low-affinity ligands for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a cytosolic, ligand-operated transcription factor that is involved in many biological processes, including development, cellular differentiation and proliferation, xenobiotic metabolism, and the immune response. Low-level activation of AhR by endogenous ligands is beneficial in the maintenance of immune health and intestinal homeostasis. We have defined a functional node whereby certain bacteria species contribute to host/microbial symbiosis and mucosal homeostasis. A microbial trp metabolic pathway leading to the production of indole-3-aldehyde (3-IAld) by lactobacilli provided epithelial protection while inducing antifungal resistance via the AhR/IL-22 axis. In this review, we highlight the role of AhR in inflammatory lung diseases and discuss the possible therapeutic use of AhR ligands in cystic fibrosis. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy",
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing"
]
|
EP 9906496 W | CLOSING CYLINDER, ESPECIALLY FOR VEHICLES | The invention relates to a closing cylinder comprised of a cylinder core (10) which is rotationally accommodated in a cylinder housing (20), and which has a profiled axial boring (11). An axially parallel roll body (25) is arranged in said closing cylinder and is always guided with a partial cross-section (26) in a radial opening (14) of the cylinder core. According to whether an initial position of rotation or a key rotation exists, the blocking element (25) either runs into an inner groove (24) of the cylinder housing (20) or into a marginal recess (34) of a group of rotating discs (30) which are arranged in a profiled axial boring (11) of the cylinder core (10). In order to increase the useful life of the closing cylinder, the invention provides that a spring element (50; 28, 50') is arranged at least between one of the rotating discs (30) and the cylinder core (10). The spring load resulting therefrom blocks, via a blocking surface provided on the rotating disc (30), the blocking element (25) in the cylinder housing (20) in a manner which prevents rotation. The cylinder core (10) comprises, with the axial section thereof serving to accommodate the rotating discs (30), a radial recess (12; 12') for the spring element, and the recess (12', 12') is connected via a radial slot (54) to the axial boring (11) of the cylinder core (10) which accommodates the rotating discs (30). | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
Q2697589 | Apoyo al mantenimiento de las operaciones de la empresa: Head Art Krzysztof Borkusz | Los problemas de la compañía con el brote de la pandemia: Debido a la pandemia, la compañía canceló el número total de actuaciones, conciertos, eventos, eventos y clientes para composiciones musicales y otras obras artísticas, lo que resultó en una drástica disminución de la facturación. La empresa no puede cumplir sus objetivos a corto y largo plazo debido a la situación pandémica. Al mismo tiempo, existe una alta probabilidad de que la empresa pierda su liquidez, lo que puede resultar en la necesidad de cerrar la empresa. La necesidad de implementar el proyecto: Gracias a la implementación del proyecto, la compañía podrá recaudar fondos para capital de trabajo con el fin de recuperar la liquidez financiera y mantener la empresa. | [
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations"
]
|
10.1038/srep42022 | Nanoscale diffusion in the synaptic cleft and beyond measured with time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy imaging | Neural activity relies on molecular diffusion within nanoscopic spaces outside and inside nerve cells, such as synaptic clefts or dendritic spines. Measuring diffusion on this small scale in situ has not hitherto been possible, yet this knowledge is critical for understanding the dynamics of molecular events and electric currents that shape physiological signals throughout the brain. Here we advance time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy imaging combined with two-photon excitation microscopy to map nanoscale diffusivity in ex vivo brain slices. We find that in the brain interstitial gaps small molecules move on average ~30% slower than in a free medium whereas inside neuronal dendrites this retardation is ~70%. In the synaptic cleft free nanodiffusion is decelerated by ~46%. These quantities provide previously unattainable basic constrains for the receptor actions of released neurotransmitters, the electrical conductance of the brain interstitial space and the limiting rate of molecular interactions or conformational changes in the synaptic microenvironment. | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
637296 | Private law and the energy commons | PLEC is the first to examine how the ‘Energy Commons’ wish to regulate themselves, where national private law poses unnecessary obstacles to these wishes, and how such obstacles could be removed. The Energy Commons are self-governing projects set up by local communities to jointly produce renewable energy. They are vital to the energy transition in the EU, providing urgently needed renewable energy. As current research shows, national private law may conflict with the wishes of the Energy Commons, deterring their contribution to the energy transition.
PLEC will use an innovative empirically-based approach to uncover how the Energy Commons wish to regulate themselves. Through interviews in two German and two Italian Energy Commons, PLEC will determine the decisions taken by Energy Commons. Doctrinal legal research will show which decisions are subject to their national private law. A questionnaire will show how the Energy Commons wish to regulate those decisions.
Doctrinal legal research will uncover where German or Italian private law conflicts with the rules made by the Energy Commons and, to determine whether such obstacles are unnecessary, whether a deviation from conflicting private law according to the needs of the Energy Commons would contravene public interests pursued by that private law. Comparative legal research will show whether solutions from the other country may help remove unnecessary obstacles from, respectively, German or Italian law, and provide a legal toolkit for other countries.
At Turin University, the researcher, with broad experience in private law and empirical research, will benefit from extensive expertise on Commons and empirical methods and the gE.CO (H2020-SC6_CSA)-project’s comprehensive network and the supervision by its Coordinator. PLEC will be essential to law-makers, legal practitioners, and representatives of Energy Commons for insights on how private law reform can facilitate the energy transition. | [
"Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems",
"Human Mobility, Environment, and Space"
]
|
10.1109/ICSENS.2014.6985137 | High Sensitive Detection In Tumor Extracts With Sinw Fet In Air Biosensors | We have already demonstrated that high quality SiNW-FETs can be used to sense very low concentration range (fM) of pathogenic factors in controlled PBS. In this work we show, for the first time, Silicon Nanowire Field Effect Transistors (SiNW-FET) as biosensors for the detection of antigen in breast tumor extract. We achieved the detection of exogenously added rabbit antigen in a much more complex environment, i. e. a human breast tumor extract. Our preliminary results show specific antigen detection with SiNW-FETs in the range of 5-200 fM. Further and most importantly, the wires sense the antigen in the presence of a 100 000 mass excess of non-specific protein, indicating that the sensor is extremely resistant to noise. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Materials Engineering",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00862 | Synchrony in psychotherapy: A review and an integrative framework for the therapeutic alliance | During psychotherapy, patient and therapist tend to spontaneously synchronize their vocal pitch, bodily movements, and even their physiological processes. In the present article, we consider how this pervasive phenomenon may shed new light on the therapeutic relationship- or alliance- and its role within psychotherapy. We first review clinical research on the alliance and the multidisciplinary area of interpersonal synchrony. We then integrate both literatures in the Interpersonal Synchrony (In-Sync) model of psychotherapy. According to the model, the alliance is grounded in the coupling of patient and therapist's brains. Because brains do not interact directly, movement synchrony may help to establish inter-brain coupling. Inter-brain coupling may provide patient and therapist with access to another's internal states, which facilitates common understanding and emotional sharing. Over time, these interpersonal exchanges may improve patients' emotion-regulatory capacities and related therapeutic outcomes. We discuss the empirical assessment of interpersonal synchrony and review preliminary research on synchrony in psychotherapy. Finally, we summarize our main conclusions and consider the broader implications of viewing psychotherapy as the product of two interacting brains. | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"The Human Mind and Its Complexity"
]
|
10.1103/PhysRevD.88.021502 | Effective theory for the Vainshtein mechanism from the Horndeski action | Starting from the general Horndeski action, we derive the most general effective theory for scalar perturbations around flat space that allows us to screen fifth forces via the Vainshtein mechanism. The effective theory is described by a generalization of the Galileon Lagrangian, which we use to study the stability of spherically symmetric configurations exhibiting the Vainshtein effect. In particular, we discuss the phenomenological consequences of a scalar-tensor coupling that is absent in the standard Galileon Lagrangian. This coupling controls the superluminality and stability of fluctuations inside the Vainshtein radius in a way that depends on the density profile of a matter source. Particularly, we find that the vacuum solution is unstable due to this coupling. | [
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter",
"Mathematics"
]
|
W2040893983 | Course of the Radial Nerve in Relation to the Center of Rotation of the Elbow—The Need for a Rational Safe Zone for Lateral Pin Placement | To investigate the course and variability of the radial nerve along the lateral humerus in relation to the center of rotation of the elbow joint in the context of lateral pin placement for hinged external fixation.A total of 95 formalin-fixed upper extremities were dissected. The course of the radial nerve along the lateral aspect of the humerus was measured at 3 landmarks with respect to the center of rotation of the elbow. We analyzed the data and the landmark positions correlated with the length of the humerus.The measured positions of 3 landmarks of the radial nerve in the lateral aspect of the humerus ranged from 19% to 43% of the length of the humerus and were located, on average, 6.0, 9.7, and 13.5 cm from the lateral center of rotation.These data help predict the humeral course of the radial nerve and define a safe zone for pin implantation. However, because of variability in the course of the radial nerve, a safe zone cannot fully ensure prevention of iatrogenic injury to the nerve. The safest method of pin application remains mini-open dissection and visual implantation.Based on this cadaveric study, it is not possible to define a rational safe zone. The safest method of pin application for dynamic external fixation of the elbow is to perform a mini-open dissection with direct visualization. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
W1746536019 | A Few Notes on the Field of `Between The Field of Between As a Core Concept of the Interdisciplinary Dialogue | The Field of `Between´ is a central concept in scientific theory which I developed in 2006. Since 2008 I have presented and discussed it in my lectures “Natural Philosophy and Natural Science“ as well as in other lectures in Central Europe and abroad. At the Interdisciplinary Symposium of the Polish Academy of Sciences in 2009, organised in co-operation of the Academy’s Centres at Vienna and Warsaw, this topic was one of the keynotes running through the whole Symposium. On the occasion of the new publication of a revised version in English, I shall explain briefly what constitutes the essential parts of this core concept. | [
"Texts and Concepts"
]
|
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.11.066 | Quantitative MRI provides markers of intra-, inter-regional, and age-related differences in young adult cortical microstructure | Measuring the structural composition of the cortex is critical to understanding typical development, yet few investigations in humans have charted markers in vivo that are sensitive to tissue microstructural attributes. Here, we used a well-validated quantitative MR protocol to measure four parameters (R1, MT, R2* PD*) that differ in their sensitivity to facets of the tissue microstructural environment (R1, MT: myelin, macromolecular content; R2*: myelin, paramagnetic ions, i. e. , iron; PD*: free water content). Mapping these parameters across cortical regions in a young adult cohort (18–39 years, N = 93) revealed expected patterns of increased macromolecular content as well as reduced tissue water content in primary and primary adjacent cortical regions. Mapping across cortical depth within regions showed decreased expression of myelin and related processes – but increased tissue water content – when progressing from the grey/white to the grey/pial boundary, in all regions. Charting developmental change in cortical microstructure cross-sectionally, we found that parameters with sensitivity to tissue myelin (R1 & MT) showed linear increases with age across frontal and parietal cortex (change 0. 5–1. 0% per year). Overlap of robust age effects for both parameters emerged in left inferior frontal, right parietal and bilateral pre-central regions. Our findings afford an improved understanding of ontogeny in early adulthood and offer normative quantitative MR data for inter- and intra-cortical composition, which may be used as benchmarks in further studies. | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.1002/acn3.544 | Brain-computer interfaces for post-stroke motor rehabilitation: a meta-analysis | Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) can provide sensory feedback of ongoing brain oscillations, enabling stroke survivors to modulate their sensorimotor rhythms purposefully. A number of recent clinical studies indicate that repeated use of such BCIs might trigger neurological recovery and hence improvement in motor function. Here, we provide a first meta-analysis evaluating the clinical effectiveness of BCI-based post-stroke motor rehabilitation. Trials were identified using MEDLINE, CENTRAL, PEDro and by inspection of references in several review articles. We selected randomized controlled trials that used BCIs for post-stroke motor rehabilitation and provided motor impairment scores before and after the intervention. A random-effects inverse variance method was used to calculate the summary effect size. We initially identified 524 articles and, after removing duplicates, we screened titles and abstracts of 473 articles. We found 26 articles corresponding to BCI clinical trials, of these, there were nine studies that involved a total of 235 post-stroke survivors that fulfilled the inclusion criterion (randomized controlled trials that examined motor performance as an outcome measure) for the meta-analysis. Motor improvements, mostly quantified by the upper limb Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA-UE), exceeded the minimal clinically important difference (MCID=5. 25) in six BCI studies, while such improvement was reached only in three control groups. Overall, the BCI training was associated with a standardized mean difference of 0. 79 (95% CI: 0. 37 to 1. 20) in FMA-UE compared to control conditions, which is in the range of medium to large summary effect size. In addition, several studies indicated BCI-induced functional and structural neuroplasticity at a subclinical level. This suggests that BCI technology could be an effective intervention for post-stroke upper limb rehabilitation. However, more studies with larger sample size are required to increase the reliability of these results. | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
10.1016/j.ejor.2018.06.036 | An Integrated Market for Electricity and Natural Gas Systems with Stochastic Power Producers | In energy systems with high shares of weather-driven renewable power sources, gas-fired power plants can serve as a back-up technology to ensure security of supply and provide short-term flexibility. Therefore, a tighter coordination between electricity and natural gas networks is foreseen. In this work, we examine different levels of coordination in terms of system integration and time coupling of trading floors. We propose an integrated operational model for electricity and natural gas systems under uncertain power supply by applying two-stage stochastic programming. This formulation co-optimizes day-ahead and real-time dispatch of both energy systems and aims at minimizing the total expected cost. Additionally, two deterministic models, one of an integrated energy system and one that treats the two systems independently, are presented. We utilize a formulation that considers the linepack of the natural gas system, while it results in a tractable mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model. Our analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed model in accommodating high shares of renewables and the importance of proper natural gas system modeling in short-term operations to reveal valuable flexibility of the natural gas system. Moreover, we identify the coordination parameters between the two markets and show their impact on the system's operation and dispatch. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
interreg_1125 | European Clusters and Regions for Eco-Innovation Network Plus | In 2006, 6 European regions (Rhone-Alpes, Andalusia, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Ile de France, Lombardy, and Malopolska) decided to work together to propose innovative financial instruments to support eco-innovation and SMEs at the regional level. The ECREIN network (European Clusters and Regions for Eco-investments Network) was created with the support of the DG ENV G3 Unit within the European Environmental Technologies Action Plan (ETAP).
At the end of this project (December 2007) the 6 regions decided to continue to develop their activities, aware that regional policies and actions must be efficient to implement the new, green, low carbon economy that Europe and the Earth need.
Indeed, the first ECREIN project clearly exposed the lack of knowledge, adapted tools and coordination between public and private sectors, and as a consequence, the difficulty for financiers to invest in this specific sector.
On the basis of a Charter, a work programme and a dissemination plan, the six partners wished to expand their network with new regions from other European countries. Their objective: develop tools and actions to implement innovative regional policies supporting eco-innovation and eco-businesses, easily adaptable to every European region.
The ECREIN+ project submitted to INTERREG IVC as a regional initiative project will associate 6 new regions coming from 5 new countries: Romania, Bulgaria, Sweden, United Kingdom, and Belgium. For a larger dissemination, the Assembly of European Regions (AER) will be an active partner and responsible for the communication Component of the project.
The project will be divided into 3 components: the management component lead by Rhone-Alpes, the communication component lead by AER and the exchange of experience component lead by Andalusia with 3 work groups related to the main issues of a regional eco-innovation policy (the market, governance and tools, and efficiency).
The 12 regions and the AER will participate in the kick-off meeting (in Sweden), the steering committees, the 3 conferences (in UK, Poland and France) and in several workshops. The ECREIN website (and other communication events coordinated by AER) will allow for broad dissemination of the project's actions and results (methodological kit, guides of best practices, policy recommendations and databases).
The very innovative results expected of ECREIN+ will be specific tools, concepts and approaches allowing European regions to develop high-level, efficient and adapted policies to support eco-innovation and eco-businesses.
The economic and environmental crisis requires innovation for genuine, sustainable development. The regional level is very well suited for effective action in this field because of the proximity to stakeholders and the ability of Regions to develop flexible, innovative and adapted policies. Thus the ECREIN+ project will be a good example of the implementation of the Lisbon and Gothenburg strategies. | [
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"Human Mobility, Environment, and Space",
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations"
]
|
888723 | Continuous hazardous water pollutants sensing in the environment | CoPs combines the expertise of the 3 industry partners – ground-breaking electrochemical sensors developed by IPM, miniaturised electronics customised by PAL and CAU’s geo-monitoring hardware and software – and is expected to bring economic, social and environmental impacts, including towards achieving UN SDGs and EU policy.
Pesticide and nitrate pollution in fresh waters pose a significant risk to public health and the environment. Exposure to pesticides can lead to several cancer types or Parkinson’s disease, while nitrate can result in “Blue Baby Syndrome” and cause eutrophication. According to latest estimates, getting sick from drinking tap water in Europe had a societal cost of €220 million. Meanwhile, inefficient water monitoring based on sampling and lab analyses does not provide early alerts. Water suppliers need to meet EU monitoring requirements and react instantly with contamination treatment protocols, protect water supplies and avoid economic losses through shutdowns.
Our innovative solution rapidly detects specific water pollutants and transmit real-time data on contaminant levels and movements in natural water systems before they could reach water infrastructures and consumers. It saves both time and costs (by at least 40%), it vastly improves data quality and quantity, and it provides a data analysis and hazardous pollutants alert service to monitoring agencies.
Our goal is to mature, scale-up and demonstrate the production of the CoPs sensor platform for continuous in-situ water monitoring, targeting water suppliers as initial clients, and with the potential to create new markets within the agriculture and private well owner segments.
A successful CoPs project will allow us to create measurable impacts on our companies, quantified as accumulated revenue of €217m in five years (2021-2025), equal to accumulated operating profit of €86.05m, creating 101 full time employments in our value chain, and generating €21.83m in reduced costs for our end-users | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution"
]
|
10.1364/ASSP.2012.AW4A.8 | Parasitic Processes In Optical Parametric Amplifiers | We study parasitic processes in parametric amplifiers. Experimental and numerical results show strong second harmonic generation of the signal, resulting in power loss and spectral modulations, which can be reduced by an adequate configuration. | [
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
10.3390/cancers11121878 | Colorectal Cancer Growth Retardation through Induction of Apoptosis, Using an Optimized Synergistic Cocktail of Axitinib, Erlotinib, and Dasatinib | Patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) still depend on chemotherapy regimens that are associated with significant limitations, including resistance and toxicity. The contribution of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to the prolongation of survival in these patients is limited, hampering clinical implementation. It is suggested that an optimal combination of appropriate TKIs can outperform treatment strategies that contain chemotherapy. We have previously identified a strongly synergistic drug combination (SDC), consisting of axitinib, erlotinib, and dasatinib that is active in renal cell carcinoma cells. In this study, we investigated the activity of this SDC in different CRC cell lines (SW620, HT29, and DLD-1) in more detail. SDC treatment significantly and synergistically decreased cell metabolic activity and induced apoptosis. The translation of the in-vitro-based results to in vivo conditions revealed significant CRC tumor growth inhibition, as evaluated in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Phosphoproteomics analysis of the tested cell lines revealed expression profiles that explained the observed activity. In conclusion, we demonstrate promising activity of an optimized mixture of axitinib, erlotinib, and dasatinib in CRC cells, and suggest further translational development of this drug mixture. | [
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.1038/nchembio.1750 | Lipid vesicles trigger α-synuclein aggregation by stimulating primary nucleation | α-Synuclein (α-syn) is a 140-residue intrinsically disordered protein that is involved in neuronal and synaptic vesicle plasticity, but its aggregation to form amyloid fibrils is the hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). The interaction between α-syn and lipid surfaces is believed to be a key feature for mediation of its normal function, but under other circumstances it is able to modulate amyloid fibril formation. Using a combination of experimental and theoretical approaches, we identify the mechanism through which facile aggregation of α-syn is induced under conditions where it binds a lipid bilayer, and we show that the rate of primary nucleation can be enhanced by three orders of magnitude or more under such conditions. These results reveal the key role that membrane interactions can have in triggering conversion of α-syn from its soluble state to the aggregated state that is associated with neurodegeneration and to its associated disease states. | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.077 | Evaluating the environmental parameters that determine aerobic biodegradation half-lives of pesticides in soil with a multivariable approach | Aerobic biodegradation half-lives (half-lives) are key parameters used to evaluate pesticide persistence in soil. However, half-life estimates for individual pesticides often span several orders of magnitude, reflecting the impact that various environmental or experimental parameters have on half-lives in soil. In this work, we collected literature-reported half-lives for eleven pesticides along with associated metadata describing the environmental or experimental conditions under which they were derived. We then developed a multivariable framework to discover relationships between the half-lives and associated metadata. We first compared data for the herbicide atrazine collected from 95 laboratory and 65 field studies. We discovered that atrazine application history and soil texture were the parameters that have the largest influence on the observed half-lives in both types of studies. We then extended the analysis to include ten additional pesticides with data collected exclusively from laboratory studies. We found that, when data were available, pesticide application history and biomass concentrations were always positively associated with half-lives. The relevance of other parameters varied among the pesticides, but in some cases the variability could be explained by the physicochemical properties of the pesticides. For example, we found that the relative significance of the organic carbon content of soil for determining half-lives depends on the relative solubility of the pesticide. Altogether, our analyses highlight the reciprocal influence of both environmental parameters and intrinsic physicochemical properties for determining half-lives in soil. | [
"Earth System Science",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
W2010308499 | Identifying Predictors of Activity Based Anorexia Susceptibility in Diverse Genetic Rodent Populations | Animal studies are very useful in detection of early disease indicators and in unravelling the pathophysiological processes underlying core psychiatric disorder phenotypes. Early indicators are critical for preventive and efficient treatment of progressive psychiatric disorders like anorexia nervosa. Comparable to physical hyperactivity observed in anorexia nervosa patients, in the activity-based anorexia rodent model, mice and rats express paradoxical high voluntary wheel running activity levels when food restricted. Eleven inbred mouse strains and outbred Wistar WU rats were exposed to the activity-based anorexia model in search of identifying susceptibility predictors. Body weight, food intake and wheel running activity levels of each individual mouse and rat were measured. Mouse strains and rats with high wheel running activity levels during food restriction exhibited accelerated body weight loss. Linear mixed models for repeated measures analysis showed that baseline wheel running activity levels preceding the scheduled food restriction phase strongly predicted activity-based anorexia susceptibility (mice: Beta = -0.0158 (±0.003 SE), P<0.0001; rats: Beta = -0.0242 (±0.004 SE), P<0.0001) compared to other baseline parameters. These results suggest that physical activity levels play an important role in activity-based anorexia susceptibility in different rodent species with genetically diverse background. These findings support previous retrospective studies on physical activity levels in anorexia nervosa patients and indicate that pre-morbid physical activity levels could reflect an early indicator for disease severity. | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
US 2014/0043971 W | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CONTROLLING EXHAUST GAS FLOW IN EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION GAS TURBINE SYSTEMS | A method of controlling an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) gas turbine system includes adjusting an angle of a plurality of inlet guide vanes of an exhaust gas compressor of the EGR gas turbine system, wherein the plurality of inlet guide vanes have a first range of motion defined by a minimum angle and a maximum angle, and wherein the angle is adjusted based on one or more monitored or modeled parameters of the EGR gas turbine system. The method further includes adjusting a pitch of a plurality of blower vanes of a recycle blower disposed upstream of the exhaust gas compressor, wherein the plurality of blower vanes have a second range of motion defined by a minimum pitch and a maximum pitch, and the pitch of the plurality of blower vanes is adjusted based at least on the angle of the plurality of inlet guide vanes. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
W1928003767 | Tratamento ortodôntico do sorriso gengival utilizando-se mini-implantes (Parte I): tratamento do crescimento vertical do complexo dentoalveolar anterossuperior | Orthodontic mini-implants have revolutionized orthodontic anchorage and biomechanics by making anchorage perfectly stable. In this Part I, ‘gummy smile’ was defined and classified according to the etiologies. Among them, dentoalveolar type, a good indication of mini-implant treatment, was divided into three categories: (1) Cases with vertical growth of upper anterior dentoalveolar complex (Cases 1, 2, and 3), (2) Cases with protrusion of anterior dentoalveolar complex (Cases 4, and 5), and (3) Cases with protrusion of upper anterior dentoalveolar complex and extrusion of upper posterior teeth (Cases 6, and 7). Three cases with excessive vertical growth of the upper anterior dentoalveolar complex were presented. They were characterized with extruded and retroclined upper incisors, deep overbite, and gummy smile. The aim of this paper is to show that mini-implants are useful in the anterior area to intrude incisors and correct the gummy smile. An upper anterior mini-implant (1.6 x 6.0 mm) and a NiTi closed coil spring were used to intrude and procline the retroclined extruded incisors. Mini-implants can be used successfully as orthodontic anchorage to intrude anterior teeth. Abstract | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Materials Engineering",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.1016/j.worlddev.2016.10.008 | Female-Headed Households and Living Conditions in Latin America | This study investigates the rise in female headship in Latin America and its relationship with changing living arrangements and household living conditions. Understanding the family situation of the household head is essential in assessing living conditions in the region of Latin America. We answer two main questions: first, how have the increase of union instability influenced trends in female headship? Second, are female-headed households in poorer living conditions than male-headed households? We use Integrated Public Use Microdata Series-International (IPUMS-I) census microdata for 14 Latin American countries, focusing on women aged 35 and 44 from 1970 to the present day. Our study finds that in most countries, women are increasingly likely to head households regardless of union status. The union status, more so than the sex of the household head, is more telling of the living conditions of the household. Female householders are, in fact, less likely to reside in materially poor households after controlling for union status (e. g. , single parenthood, divorce, cohabitation) in many countries. Our results highlight the nuance of family situations and female empowerment leading to headship. Policy makers should review differences in rights and entitlement between marital and non-marital couples, upward mobility and opportunities for women, and develop strategies that alleviate single earner households. | [
"The Social World and Its Interactions",
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations"
]
|
639358 | Multifunctional nanoscale probe for investigation of intracellular processes | The ability to monitor and investigate intracellular processes is crucial for biomedical, cancer and aging research, and has direct applications in disease diagnosis, and drug development. The investigation of such processes requires tools capable of accurate and quantitative monitoring of an array of dynamically changing physical and chemical properties in specific cells at subcellular resolution and with minimal disruption to the cell. Despite significant recent advances in the field, implementing multiple functions in a single device while maintaining the required subcellular spatial resolution is a major technological challenge, as the entire probing instrument tip should not exceed submicrometer dimensions. Therefore, existing tools are limited in their sensing capabilities to single properties. The main objective of FUNPROBE is to develop a multifunctional nanoscale probe, which will combine controlled intracellular delivery and extraction, sensing of temperature, selective ion concentration, and electrical recording, whose various functions can be operated simultaneously to enable quantitative monitoring of intracellular processes in real time, with minimal damage to the cell, in a single device. To achieve this goal, a new fabrication method will be developed, enabling, for the first time, to create a high aspect-ratio nanometric tip with integrated open-ended nanochannels, and their combination with conductive and insulating layers at the tip. The development of such techniques is in alignment with the European Commission's aims of developing multifunctional nano-enabled products for different applications. The project will take full advantage of the unique combination between the applicant’s expertise in developing open-space fluidic and electrokinetic probes and the host laboratory’s expertise in nanofluidics, nanofabrication, and single cell electrophysiology. | [
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
2717696 | A federated artificial intelligence solution for monitoring mental health status after cancer treatment | The main aim of FAITH is to apply the latest Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Big Data analytics techniques to better model and predict disease/treatment trajectories of cancer patients, with the goal of improving their quality of life and aftercare. To protect privacy of the individual, but still gain insights that are beneficial to the broader population, FAITH will be applying the concept of federated machine learning, which makes it possible to build machine learning systems without direct access to personal treatment data that will be used for training in machine learning. Devices private to the patient will run their own personalised AI models, via the project’s ‘AI Angel’ application, while a global AI model aggregates the individual model learnings (rather than the traditional approach of a central repository of holding all private patient data). FAITH’s ‘AI Angel’ will remotely analyse depression markers, predicting negative trends in their disease trajectory, giving their healthcare providers advanced warnings to allow for timely intervention. These markers are treated under several distinct categories: Activity, Outlook, Sleep, and Appetite, in accordance with the 3M strategy for population health: Monitor–Measure–Manage. Central to the vision of the FAITH project is to measure population health deeply, it is necessary to monitor individuals on a continuous basis to cast a wide enough net over a user’s health data. A key strength of FAITH is the involvement of eminent cancer hospitals and specialists in the consortium to provide relevant applicable cancer care related use cases that can effectively leverage a big data framework using computational intelligence approaches and methodologies that can be used for long term cancer care health risk and symptom minimisation for patients. FAITH has trial sites in Madrid, Waterford, and Lisbon, with real end users to assess and validate the adoption and usage of the FAITH technologies and platform. | [
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases",
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System"
]
|
W2325924257 | Temperature-driven crossover in the Lieb-Liniger model | The large-distance behavior of the density-density correlation function in the Lieb-Liniger model at finite temperature is investigated by means of the recently derived nonlinear integral equations characterizing the correlation lengths. We present extensive numerical results covering all the physical regimes fromweak to strong interaction and all temperatures. We find that the leading term of the asymptotic expansion becomes oscillatory at a critical temperature which decreases with the strength of the interaction. As we approach the Tonks-Girardeau limit the asymptotic behavior becomes more complex with a double crossover of the largest and next-largest correlation lengths. The crossovers exist only for intermediate couplings and vanish for $\gamma=0$ and $\gamma=\infty$. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Mathematics"
]
|
10.1039/c4cp03641g | The photochemistry of inverse dithienylethene switches understood | The photophysical properties of a series of dithienylethenes, free or blocked in an ideal photoactive conformation by an alkyl bridge, are investigated by stationary, ultrafast spectroscopy and state-of-the-art time-dependent density functional theory calculations. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials"
]
|
10.1109/TMI.2014.2376274 | Learning Structured Models For Segmentation Of 2 D And 3 D Imagery | Efficient and accurate segmentation of cellular structures in microscopic data is an essential task in medical imaging. Many state-of-the-art approaches to image segmentation use structured models whose parameters must be carefully chosen for optimal performance. A popular choice is to learn them using a large-margin framework and more specifically structured support vector machines (SSVM). Although SSVMs are appealing, they suffer from certain limitations. First, they are restricted in practice to linear kernels because the more powerful nonlinear kernels cause the learning to become prohibitively expensive. Second, they require iteratively finding the most violated constraints, which is often intractable for the loopy graphical models used in image segmentation. This requires approximation that can lead to reduced quality of learning. In this paper, we propose three novel techniques to overcome these limitations. We first introduce a method to “kernelize” the features so that a linear SSVM framework can leverage the power of nonlinear kernels without incurring much additional computational cost. Moreover, we employ a working set of constraints to increase the reliability of approximate subgradient methods and introduce a new way to select a suitable step size at each iteration. We demonstrate the strength of our approach on both 2-D and 3-D electron microscopic (EM) image data and show consistent performance improvement over state-of-the-art approaches. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
EP 0208228 W | TREATMENT OF TINNED STEEL BEFORE APPLYING A COATING | The invention relates to a method for treating the surface of tinned steel with an aqueous treatment solution containing phosphate or silicate. Said method is characterised in that a surface which is newly produced or cleaned before being treated is brought into contact with an aqueous treatment solution having a pH value between 8 and 13.5 and containing between 0.1 and 15 g/l of phosphate, calculated as phosphor, or between 0.1 and 3 g/l of silicate, calculated as silicon, for between 1 and 30 seconds. The treatment solution is then dried in without rinsing. | [
"Materials Engineering",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
306474 | Harnessing Proto-Enzymes for Novel Catalytic Functions | Enzymes are Nature’s catalysts, reducing the timescales of the chemical reactions that drive life from millions of years to seconds. There is also great scope for enzymes as biocatalysts outside the cell, from therapeutic and synthetic applications, to bioremediation and even for the generation of novel biofuels. Recent years have seen several impressive breakthroughs in the design of artificial enzymes, particularly through experimental studies that iteratively introduce random mutations to refine existing systems until a property of interest is observed (directed evolution), as well as examples of de novo enzyme design using combined in silico / in vitro approaches. However, the tremendous catalytic proficiencies of naturally occurring enzymes are, as yet, unmatched by any man made system, in no small part due the vastness of the sequence space that needs navigating and the almost surgical precision by which enzymatic catalysis is regulated. The proposed work aims to combine state of the art computational approaches capable of consistently reproducing the catalytic activities of both wild-type and mutant enzymes with novel screening approaches for predicting mutation hotspots, in order to redesign selected showcase systems. Specifically, we aim to (1) map catalytic promiscuity in the alkaline phosphatase superfamily, using the existing multifunctionality of these enzymes as a training set for the introduction of novel functionality, and (2) computationally design enantioselective enzymes, a problem which is of particular importance to the pharmaceutical industry due to the role of chirality in drug efficacy. The resulting theoretical constructs will be subjected to rigorous testing by our collaborators, providing a feedback loop for further design effort and methodology development. In this way, we plan to push existing theoretical tools to the limit in order to bridge the gap that exists between the catalytic proficiencies of biological and man-made catalysts. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Biotechnology and Biosystems Engineering"
]
|
10.3791/53744 | Free Form Light Actuators Fabrication And Control Of Actuation In Microscopic Scale | Liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) are smart materials capable of reversible shape-change in response to external stimuli, and have attracted researchers' attention in many fields. Most of the studies focused on macroscopic LCE structures (films, fibers) and their miniaturization is still in its infancy. Recently developed lithography techniques, e. g. , mask exposure and replica molding, only allow for creating 2D structures on LCE thin films. Direct laser writing (DLW) opens access to truly 3D fabrication in the microscopic scale. However, controlling the actuation topology and dynamics at the same length scale remains a challenge. In this paper we report on a method to control the liquid crystal (LC) molecular alignment in the LCE microstructures of arbitrary three-dimensional shape. This was made possible by a combination of direct laser writing for both the LCE structures as well as for micrograting patterns inducing local LC alignment. Several types of grating patterns were used to introduce different LC alignments, which can be subsequently patterned into the LCE structures. This protocol allows one to obtain LCE microstructures with engineered alignments able to perform multiple opto-mechanical actuation, thus being capable of multiple functionalities. Applications can be foreseen in the fields of tunable photonics, micro-robotics, lab-on-chip technology and others. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Materials Engineering",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials"
]
|
W2585044403 | Automated detection of retinal disorders from OCT images using artificial neural network | The advent of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) imaging has engendered a quantum leap in ophthalmological disease diagnosis. Specifically, in relation to various retinal disorders, OCT has facilitated visualization of minute structural changes in retinal and choroid layers. However, due to dearth of ophthalmologists, and time and effort required in manual analysis, a large number of patients fail to enjoy the full benefit of OCT-based diagnosis. Against this backdrop, we propose to automate detection of retinal disorders so as to reduce clinicians' burden per patient, and hence increase access to such eyecare. In this regard, we demonstrated automated diagnosis using an artificial neural network (ANN) classifier. In the process, we demonstrated the importance of choroidal features in addition to the usual age, gender and retinal features in improving detection performance. Specifically, using a dataset of 169 normal and diseased images each, upon Monte Carlo cross validation we obtained sensitivity, specificity and accuracy levels of 99.02 ± 1.57%, 98.29 ± 1.68% and 98.65 ± 1.09%, respectively. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
W2389038722 | Zircon U-Pb SHRIMP Dating of the Monzonite Granite-Porphyry from the Bangpu Large Porphyry Molybdenum-Copper Deposits,Tibet,and its geological Significance | The zircon U-Pb SHRIMP technique was applied to measure the age of the monzonite granite-porphyry from the Bangpu porphy deposits in the eastern Gangdese porphyry belt.It was obtained that the 206Pb/238U mean age is 13.9±0.3 Ma(MSWD =3.05),which belongs to the late period of Himalaya.The Bangpu monzonite granite-porphyry was formed during the period of ore-bearing porphyries forming in the Gangdese metallogenic belt to the extension environment of post-collision(12~18 Ma).Our new data suggest that the Bangpu monzonite granite-porphyry shared similar metallogenic dynamics settings to the Gangdese copper belt,which belongs to a rapid outbreak of large-scale mineralization process.Our new result is very important in confirming the active time of the Gangdese magma,provides chronological data and new inspiration for evolution studies of the whole Gangdese metallogenic belt. | [
"Earth System Science",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
10.1039/c7cp05572b | Solvent water interactions within the active site of the membrane type I matrix metalloproteinase | EPR, MCD, crystallographic and QM/MM investigation reveals the role of the 1st solvation shell waters in the catalytic mechanism of MT1-MMP. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
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