id
stringlengths 6
42
| title
stringlengths 3
499
| abstract
stringlengths 0
6.24k
| label
listlengths 1
6
|
|---|---|---|---|
10.1088/0004-637X/809/2/115 | Nustar Reveals Extreme Absorption In Z 0 5 Type 2 Quasars | The intrinsic column density (NH) distribution of quasars is poorly known. At the high obscuration end of the quasar population and for redshifts z 1. 5e24 cm^-2) type 2 quasars (CTQSO2s); five new NuSTAR observations are reported herein, and four have been previously published. The candidate CTQSO2s lie at z ~ 90 net source counts at 8-24 keV). For these NuSTAR-detected sources direct (i. e. , X-ray spectral) constraints on the intrinsic AGN properties are feasible, and we measure column densities ~2. 5-1600 times higher and intrinsic (unabsorbed) X-ray luminosities ~10-70 times higher than pre-NuSTAR constraints from Chandra and XMM-Newton. Assuming the NuSTAR-detected type 2 quasars are representative of other Compton-thick candidates, we make a correction to the NH distribution for optically selected type 2 quasars as measured by Chandra and XMM-Newton for 39 objects. With this approach, we predict a Compton-thick fraction of f_CT = 36^{+14}_{-12} %, although higher fractions (up to 76%) are possible if indirect absorption diagnostics are assumed to be reliable. | [
"Universe Sciences",
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter"
]
|
10.18632/oncotarget.24321 | SuperQuant-assisted comparative proteome analysis of glioblastoma subpopulations allows for identification of potential novel therapeutic targets and cell markers | Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain cancer with poor prognosis and low survival rate. Invasive cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are responsible for tumor recurrence because they escape current treatments. Our main goal was to study the proteome of three GBM subpopulations to identify key molecules behind GBM cell phenotypes and potential cell markers for migrating cells. We used SuperQuant-an enhanced quantitative proteome approach-to increase proteome coverage. We found 148 proteins differentially regulated in migrating CSCs and 199 proteins differentially regulated in differentiated cells. We used Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to predict upstream regulators, downstream effects and canonical pathways associated with regulated proteins. IPA analysis predicted activation of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) signaling, actin cytoskeleton signaling, and lysine demethylase 5B (KDM5B) in CSC migration. Moreover, our data suggested that microRNA-122 (miR-122) is a potential upstream regulator of GBM phenotypes as miR-122 activation was predicted for differentiated cells while its inhibition was predicted for migrating CSCs. Finally, we validated transferrin (TF) and procollagen-lysine 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) as potential markers for migrating cells. | [
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.1140/epja/i2018-12633-0 | Euclidean correlators at imaginary spatial momentum and their relation to the thermal photon emission rate | The photon emission rate of a thermally equilibrated system is determined by the imaginary part of the in-medium retarded correlator of the electromagnetic current transverse to the spatial momentum of the photon. In a Lorentz-covariant theory, this correlator can be parametrized by a scalar function 𝒢R(u· 𝒦, 𝒦2) , where u is the fluid four-velocity and 𝒦 corresponds to the momentum of the photon. We propose to compute the analytic continuation of 𝒢R(u2) at fixed, vanishing virtuality 𝒦2, to imaginary values of the first argument, u· 𝒦= iωn. At these kinematics, the retarded correlator is equal to the Euclidean correlator GE(ωn, k= iωn) , whose first argument is the Matsubara frequency and the second is the spatial momentum. The Euclidean correlator, which is directly accessible in lattice QCD simulations, must be given an imaginary spatial momentum in order to realize the photon on-shell condition. Via a once-subtracted dispersion relation that we derive in a standard way at fixed 𝒦2= 0 , the Euclidean correlator with imaginary spatial momentum is related to the photon emission rate. The relation allows for a more direct probing of the real-photon emission rate of the quark-gluon plasma in lattice QCD than the dispersion relations which have been used so far, the latter being at fixed spatial photon momentum k and thus involving all possible virtualities of the photon. | [
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter",
"Mathematics"
]
|
10.1128/AEM.03255-14 | Growth Of Anaerobic Methane Oxidizing Archaea And Sulfate Reducing Bacteria In A High Pressure Membrane Capsule Bioreactor | Communities of anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea (ANME) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) grow slowly, which limits the ability to perform physiological studies. High methane partial pressure was previously successfully applied to stimulate growth, but it is not clear how different ANME subtypes and associated SRB are affected by it. Here, we report on the growth of ANME-SRB in a membrane capsule bioreactor inoculated with Eckernforde Bay sediment that combines high-pressure incubation (10. 1 MPa methane) and thorough mixing (100 rpm) with complete cell retention by a 0. 2-m-pore-size membrane. The results were compared to previously obtained data from an ambient-pressure (0. 101 MPa methane) bioreactor inoculated with the same sediment. The rates of oxidation of labeled methane were not higher at 10. 1 MPa, likely because measurements were done at ambient pressure. The subtype ANME-2a/b was abundant in both reactors, but subtype ANME-2c was enriched only at 10. 1 MPa. SRB at 10. 1 MPa mainly belonged to the SEEP-SRB2 and Eel-1 groups and the Desulfuromonadales and not to the typically found SEEP-SRB1 group. The increase of ANME-2a/b occurred in parallel with the increase of SEEP-SRB2, which was previously found to be associated only with ANME-2c. Our results imply that the syntrophic association is flexible and that methane pressure and sulfide concentration influence the growth of different ANME-SRB consortia. We also studied the effect of elevated methane pressure on methane production and oxidation by a mixture of methanogenic and sulfate-reducing sludge. Here, methane oxidation rates decreased and were not coupled to sulfide production, indicating trace methane oxidation during net methanogenesis and not anaerobic methane oxidation, even at a high methane partial pressure. | [
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"Earth System Science",
"Biotechnology and Biosystems Engineering"
]
|
219276 | Novel, highly effective and selective anticancer metallodrugs | Dr. Leila Tabrizi, an Iranian national, is making an application to this programme to carry out a 24 months project in the area of medicinal chemistry in the group of Dr. A. Erxleben at the National University of Ireland, Galway.
The objective of this proposal is the synthesis of novel gold anticancer drugs that simultaneously target two mitochondrial proteins that are associated with cancer progression. Gold(III) complexes will be designed that recognize the translocator protein which is overexpressed in various tumour types and that release the metal upon intracellular reduction to gold(I), a known inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase. Binding of the carrier ligand to the translocator protein and inhibition of thioredoxin reductase will induce cell death pathways in a synergistic manner, thus leading to highly effective and selective anticancer action. Detailed in vitro biological studies will be performed to evaluate the potential of the new anticancer drug candidates, to establish structure-activity relationships and to fully understand their mode of action.
The researcher has already an excellent background in coordination chemistry and this project will allow her to deepen and expand her skills in synthetic chemistry, to enter into the biological field by receiving relevant training in cell and biological techniques and to establish important academic and industrial collaborations.
The researcher who has recently been awarded a Government of Ireland Postdoctoral Fellowship proposes to carry out further research training at NUI Galway which is strategically developing strength in Biomedical Research and Cancer, one of the most important and challenging branches of Chemistry/Biochemistry in Europe. NUI Galway will also provide training in transferable skills and mentoring to the researcher. Both the scientific and personal training will contribute to her personal development and will allow her to reach professional maturity as an independent researcher. | [
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials",
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105623 | MAB21L1 loss of function causes a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder with distinctive c erebellar, o cular, cranio f acial and g enital features (COFG syndrome) | Background Putative nucleotidyltransferase MAB21L1 is a member of an evolutionarily well-conserved family of the male abnormal 21 (MAB21)-like proteins. Little is known about the biochemical function of the protein; however, prior studies have shown essential roles for several aspects of embryonic development including the eye, midbrain, neural tube and reproductive organs. Objective A homozygous truncating variant in MAB21L1 has recently been described in a male affected by intellectual disability, scrotal agenesis, ophthalmological anomalies, cerebellar hypoplasia and facial dysmorphism. We employed a combination of exome sequencing and homozygosity mapping to identify the underlying genetic cause in subjects with similar phenotypic features descending from five unrelated consanguineous families. Results We identified four homozygous MAB21L1 loss of function variants (p. Glu281fs∗20, p. Arg287Glufs∗14 p. Tyr280∗ and p. Ser93Serfs∗48) and one missense variant (p. Gln233Pro) in 10 affected individuals from 5 consanguineous families with a distinctive autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental syndrome. Cardinal features of this syndrome include a characteristic facial gestalt, corneal dystrophy, hairy nipples, underdeveloped labioscrotal folds and scrotum/scrotal agenesis as well as cerebellar hypoplasia with ataxia and variable microcephaly. Conclusion This report defines an ultrarare but clinically recognisable Cerebello-Oculo-Facio-Genital syndrome associated with recessive MAB21L1 variants. Additionally, our findings further support the critical role of MAB21L1 in cerebellum, lens, genitalia and as craniofacial morphogenesis. | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems"
]
|
10.1525/mp.2017.35.1.3 | Outline of Music Semantics | We provide the outline of a semantics for music. We take music cognition to be continuous with normal auditory cognition, and thus to deliver inferences about “virtual sources” of the music. As a result, sound parameters that trigger inferences about sound sources in normal auditory cognition produce related ones in music. But music also triggers inferences on the basis of the movement of virtual sources in tonal pitch space, which has points of stability, points of instability, and relations of attraction among them. We sketch a framework that aggregates inferences from normal auditory cognition and tonal inferences, by way of a theory of musical truth: a source undergoing a musical movement m is true of an object undergoing a series of events e just in case there is a certain structure-preserving map between m and e. This framework can help revisit aspects of musical syntax: Lerdahl and Jackendoff’s (1983) grouping structure can be seen to reflect the mereology (“partology”) of events that are abstractly represented in the music. Finally, we argue that this “refentialist” approach to music semantics still has the potential to provide an account of diverse emotional effects in music. | [
"The Human Mind and Its Complexity",
"Texts and Concepts"
]
|
10.1126/science.aaa0355 | The human transcriptome across tissues and individuals | Transcriptional regulation and posttranscriptional processing underlie many cellular and organismal phenotypes. We used RNA sequence data generated by Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project to investigate the patterns of transcriptome variation across individuals and tissues. Tissues exhibit characteristic transcriptional signatures that show stability in postmortem samples. These signatures are dominated by a relatively small number of genes - which is most clearly seen in blood - though few are exclusive to a particular tissue and vary more across tissues than individuals. Genes exhibiting high interindividual expression variation include disease candidates associated with sex, ethnicity, and age. Primary transcription is the major driver of cellular specificity, with splicing playing mostly a complementary role; except for the brain, which exhibits a more divergent splicing program. Variation in splicing, despite its stochasticity, may play in contrast a comparatively greater role in defining individual phenotypes. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems"
]
|
10.1093/infdis/jiu140 | Association study of genes controlling IL-12-dependent IFN-γ immunity: STAT4 alleles increase risk of pulmonary tuberculosis in morocco | Background. Only a minority of individuals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis develop clinical tuberculosis. Genetic epidemiological evidence suggests that pulmonary tuberculosis has a strong human genetic component. Previous genetic findings in Mendelian predisposition to more severe mycobacterial infections, including by M. tuberculosis, underlined the importance of the interleukin 12 (IL-12)/interferon γ (IFN-γ) circuit in antimycobacterial immunity. Methods. We conducted an association study in Morocco between pulmonary tuberculosis and a panel of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) covering 14 core IL-12/IFN-γ circuit genes. The analyses were performed in a discovery family-based sample followed by replication in a case-control population. Results. Out of 228 SNPs tested in the family-based sample, 6 STAT4 SNPs were associated with pulmonary tuberculosis (P =. 0013-. 01). We replicated the same direction of association for 1 cluster of 3 SNPs encompassing the promoter region of STAT4. In the combined sample, the association was stronger among younger subjects (pulmonary tuberculosis onset <25 years) with an odds ratio of developing pulmonary tuberculosis at rs897200 for GG vs AG/AA subjects of 1. 47 (1. 06-2. 04). Previous functional experiments showed that the G allele of rs897200 was associated with lower STAT4 expression. Conclusions. Our present findings in a Moroccan population support an association of pulmonary tuberculosis with STAT4 promoter-region polymorphisms that may impact STAT4 expression. | [
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
US 2017/0028345 W | EMERGENCY HEAT REMOVAL IN A LIGHT WATER REACTOR USING A PASSIVE ENDOTHERMIC REACTION COOLING SYSTEM (PERCS) | System of endothermic emergency cooling for nuclear reactors using passive convection cooling and an endothermic reactant system. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
10.1093/mnras/stz1977 | SN 2012dn from early to late times: 09dc-like supernovae reassessed★ | Abstract
As a candidate ‘super-Chandrasekhar’ or 09dc-like Type Ia supernova (SN Ia), SN 2012dn shares many characteristics with other members of this remarkable class of objects but lacks their extraordinary luminosity. Here, we present and discuss the most comprehensive optical data set of this SN to date, comprised of a densely sampled series of early-time spectra obtained within the Nearby Supernova Factory project, plus photometry and spectroscopy obtained at the VLT about 1 yr after the explosion. The light curves, colour curves, spectral time series and ejecta velocities of SN 2012dn are compared with those of other 09dc-like and normal SNe Ia, the overall variety within the class of 09dc-like SNe Ia is discussed, and new criteria for 09dc-likeness are proposed. Particular attention is directed to additional insight that the late-phase data provide. The nebular spectra show forbidden lines of oxygen and calcium, elements that are usually not seen in late-time spectra of SNe Ia, while the ionisation state of the emitting iron plasma is low, pointing to low ejecta temperatures and high densities. The optical light curves are characterised by an enhanced fading starting ∼60 d after maximum and very low luminosities in the nebular phase, which is most readily explained by unusually early formation of clumpy dust in the ejecta. Taken together, these effects suggest a strongly perturbed ejecta density profile, which might lend support to the idea that 09dc-like characteristics arise from a brief episode of interaction with a hydrogen-deficient envelope during the first hours or days after the explosion. | [
"Universe Sciences"
]
|
interreg_1196 | EuropeaN Sustainable Urbanisation through port city REgeneration | Port cities have historically been an essential element of European society and economy. Despite overall growth in maritime transport, many European port cities are experiencing the relocation of port-related activities from central areas to other locations. The loss of this economic activity is leaving deteriorating inner city areas. Today brownfield waterfront sites are strategically valuable but their development can be hugely constrained by costs of decontamination treatment, plot fragmentation and complex landownership. The challenge of port city regeneration has been a topic of debate in several Committee of the Region workshops in recent years and the subject of at least two policy briefings to the European Parliament in November 2016 and May 2017. Globalisation offers an opportunity for port cities to use these old industrial waterfront locations to revive their economy, to strengthen their magnetic pull, to become hubs of innovation and to act as leading examples of sustainable urban planning, ensuring their long-term competitiveness as economic drivers within the EU (European Parliament, May 2017). With the ability to tackle some of the constraints, port cities are ideally positioned to act as beacons of sustainable [1] urbanisation, meeting the global development challenges associated with increasing urbanisation (70% global population will be urban by 2050). Smaller cities with a thriving economy and high quality of life are often the location of choice for millennials across Europe. The sustainable regeneration of port cities can drive EU growth in the modern economy while leading the way in urban liveability. The ENSURE targeted analysis will learn from port cities which have had success in the regeneration of their former port areas and will help to better define the contribution which regenerated smaller port cities can make to the collective socio-economic health of the EU. This activity will result in a unified repository of the critical enabling elements of transformation and development within smaller European port cities focused on funding, knowledge, regulation, citizen engagement, governance and other catalysts. It will build the evidence base for policy making to support the redevelopment of port city areas across Europe. There is no one size fits all but with a unified repository, cities can more easily determine their own solution. There may also be opportunities to develop critical mass between smaller cities through collaboration in certain areas. The ENSURE targeted analysis shall focus on four small-medium cities that are reflective of Europe’s territorial diversity but share the same challenges and opportunities of implementing a vision to their port city regeneration. The city authorities of Cork, Aalborg, Catania and Brest face major challenges in securing regeneration and re-integrating old port areas back into the city DNA. Challenges include preparing planning strategies; staff resource and capacity building (Cork) of staff to deliver change; land ownership (Cork); unlocking necessary investment (Cork, Aalborg); coordination of multiple stakeholders (all); place making (all); re-using built heritage assets (Brest); and creating effective governance models (Brest, Aalborg). | [
"Human Mobility, Environment, and Space",
"Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems",
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations"
]
|
W2746441242 | Workshop on Recommendation in Complex Scenarios | Over the past decade, recommendation algorithms for ratings prediction and item ranking have steadily matured. However, these state-of-the-art algorithms are typically applied in relatively straightforward and static scenarios: given information about a user's past item preferences in isolation, can we predict whether they will like a new item or rank all unseen items based on predicted interest? In reality, recommendation is often a more complex problem: the evaluation of a list of recommended items never takes place in a vacuum, and it is often a single step in the user's more complex background task or need. The goal of the ComplexRec 2019 workshop is to offer an interactive venue for discussing approaches to recommendation in complex scenarios that have no simple one-size-fits-all solution. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
10.1088/1748-0221/12/05/P05011 | The Active Muon Shield In The Ship Experiment | The SHiP experiment is designed to search for very weakly interacting particles beyond the Standard Model which are produced in a 400 GeV/c proton beam dump at the CERN SPS. An essential task for t . . . | [
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
W2016539683 | Crop Insurance Premium Design Based on Survival Analysis Model | Abstract Survival Analysis method has been commonly used in biology, medical science, and human life insurance studies but it is rarely applied in agricultural insurance research. The main objective of this study is to explore the appropriateness of the Survival Analysis model for the crop insurance program design. Our analysis was mainly focused on the catastrophic risk premium rate estimates under the condition of 70% yield coverage for rice, corn and sorghum in Panjin of Liaoning province, China. The results indicate that the estimated premium rates for each crop are consistent with the currently prevailed crop insurance premium rate in Panjin. | [
"Mathematics",
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations"
]
|
10.1111/jofi.12124 | Sovereign default, domestic banks, and financial institutions | We present a model of sovereign debt in which, contrary to conventional wisdom, government defaults are costly because they destroy the balance sheets of domestic banks. In our model, better financial institutions allow banks to be more leveraged, thereby making them more vulnerable to sovereign defaults. Our predictions: government defaults should lead to declines in private credit, and these declines should be larger in countries where financial institutions are more developed and banks hold more government bonds. In these same countries, government defaults should be less likely. Using a large panel of countries, we find evidence consistent with these predictions. | [
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations"
]
|
10.1186/s12940-020-00582-1 | A systematic review and meta-analysis of haematological malignancies in residents living near petrochemical facilities | Abstract
Background
The petrochemical industry is a major source of hazardous and toxic air pollutants that are recognised to have mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. A wealth of occupational epidemiology literature exists around the petrochemical industry, with adverse haematological effects identified in employees exposed to ‘low’ concentrations of aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene). Releases from the petrochemical industry are also thought to increase the risk of cancer incidence in fenceline communities. However, this emerging and at times inconclusive evidence base remains fragmented. The present study’s aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies investigating the association between incidences of haematological malignancy and residential exposure to the petrochemical industry. Methods
Epidemiological studies reporting the risk of haematological malignancies (Leukaemia, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and Multiple myeloma) were included where the following criteria were met: (i) Cancer incidence is diagnosed by a medical professional and coded in accordance to the International Classification of Diseases; (ii) A clear definition of fenceline communities is provided, indicating the proximity between exposed residents and petrochemical activities; and (iii) Exposure is representative of normal operating conditions, not emergency events. Two investigators independently extracted information on study characteristics and outcomes in accordance with PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines. Relative risks and their 95% confidence intervals were pooled across studies for the four categories of haematological malignancy, using a random effects meta-analysis. Results
The systematic review identified 16 unique studies, which collectively record the incidence of haematological malignancies across 187,585 residents living close to a petrochemical operation. Residents from fenceline communities, less than 5 km from a petrochemical facility (refinery or manufacturer of commercial chemicals), had a 30% higher risk of developing Leukaemia than residents from communities with no petrochemical activity. Meanwhile, the association between exposure and rarer forms of haematological malignancy remains uncertain, with further research required. Conclusions
The risk of developing Leukaemia appears higher in individuals living near a petrochemical facility. This highlights the need for further policy to regulate the release of carcinogens by industry. Graphical abstract | [
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
864687 | Narratives of Loss: Unravelling the Origins of Support for Socially Conservative Political Agendas | The key aim of the LOSS project is to unravel: How economic hardship affects support for socially conservative political agendas aimed at restricting the rights of marginalised groups (ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities, migrants, LGBTQIA+ and women), and how local and national policy contexts affect this relationship. Many European societies have recently experienced growing prejudice towards marginalised groups and the rise in support for far-right parties advocating to restrict the rights of these groups. These developments threaten the cohesion of national and local communities across Europe. While aggregate level evidence suggests that financial crises generally coincide with increased support for far-right parties, we do not understand why this happens. By developing a groundbreaking interdisciplinary theoretical framework that integrates insights about the role of loss from political science, sociology, social psychology and behavioural economics, the LOSS project contends that experiences of economic hardship translate into specific narratives of loss that in turn trigger support for social conservative political agendas. To empirically examine the importance of narratives of loss, the LOSS project employs an innovative multi-method empirical approach combining qualitative and quantitative research methodologies. To uncover the role of context, the project compares five European countries (Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United Kingdom) that vary in the level of compensation provided for economic hardship, and local contexts within these countries. | [
"The Social World and Its Interactions",
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations"
]
|
225328 | Investigating differentiation using parallel single cell transcriptomic and epigenomic analysis | Past research has identified epigenetic mechanisms including histone modifications as key regulators of transcription and implicated them in cellular differentiation. But while our knowledge about their cell type specific distribution and its influence on transcription has constantly increased, we still know very little about the orchestration of epigenetic and transcriptional changes as they occur during differentiation. To gain a global understanding of the order of events, we aim to identifying changes in gene expression and main transcriptional repressive and promoting histone modifications in cells undergoing differentiation.
For this we will develop a novel approach to examine the distribution of histone modifications on a single cell level adapting a method based on antibody targeted micrococcal nuclease (ChIC-seq), which will lead to a modification dependent enzymatic digestion of the DNA. In comparison with existing single cell ChIP approaches this method lacks a precipitation step, leading to minimal material loss per cell, while allowing the use of the variety of histone mark specific monoclonal antibodies. Adapting this approach to the previously described method for co-acquisition of transcriptomic and genomic information from a single cell existing in the lab, will allow the normalization of the histone state using the transcription status of the cell.
To analyze the order of changes associated with cell differentiation, we will use single cell RNA seq analysis pipelines (RaceID + StemID) to identify and enrich for cells in between two specific differentiation stages. | [
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems",
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
W2041703350 | The third family of compact stars with the color-flavor locked quark core | In this paper, we study the third family of compact stars with the color-flavor locked (CFL) quark core. The relativistic mean field model is used for hadronic matter and the MIT bag model for CFL quark matter. The results of the calculation show a transitional behavior that goes from the hadron star range, through the transition range, into the CFL quark star range. In the transition range, the third family of compact stars with the CFL quark matter core is found in the wide range of the CFL energy gap 100 MeV⩽Δ<150 MeV. By comparing with early investigations, we argue that the greatest possible third family of compact stars may be the hybrid stars with the CFL quark core. | [
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter",
"Universe Sciences"
]
|
W308975052 | Schlaganfallhäufigkeit und Versorgung von Schlaganfallpatienten in Deutschland | BACKGROUND Epidemiological data on frequency and treatment of stroke in routine clinical care provide the basis for assessing population needs and identifying potential for improvements. The paper provides an up-to-date overview on stroke frequency and management of patients in Germany. RESULTS Based on epidemiological studies about 196,000 first-ever and 66,000 recurrent strokes occur in Germany each year (2008). Stroke is the third main cause of death with about 63,000 documented deaths in the routine statistics of 2008. Currently about 180,000 patients from over 600 hospitals are documented within the regional audits of the ADSR per year (2008); quality of acute stroke care is compared between participating hospitals using standardised quality indicators. Intravenous thrombolytic treatment is administered in 7-10 % of ischaemic stroke patients documented within the ADSR registers (2008). In Germany about 160 Stroke Units are certified according to criteria of German Stroke Society and German Stroke Foundation (May 2010). The total number of beds within certified SU is about 950 (mean 5.7; range 4 to 14). It is estimated that between 45 and 50 % of eligible stroke patients receive SU care. Currently data are limited on quality of care after discharge although available information on post-acute stroke care is increasing. CONCLUSIONS In Germany data on stroke frequency and quality of acute care are collected at a high level. However, limited information is available on time trends in incidence and risk in specific subgroups of the population. More data are needed on treatment and management after discharge from acute care hospitals. | [
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases",
"Earth System Science"
]
|
172137 | A groundbreaking no contact, roll to roll, modular transportation and fluid delivery technology that enables faster and more uniform chemical reaction of any feature size without risk of damage. | A major problem with current chemical processing tools is that they use rollers to transport and support foil (any thin roll-to-roll substrate) through chemical treatment chambers located between un-winding and re-winding mechanisms. Roller transport limits and potentially prohibits fine detail treatment and reduces yield (to 10% in extreme cases) due to damage caused by contact with such rollers. Current technology employs long process tanks and slow speeds to minimise contact damage. In applications where contact is of less concern rollers still limit capability as the force required to turn them results stretching or breaking of the foil limiting foil type, thickness, and process residence times.
Fluid Foil will provide frictionless, non-contact, modular transportation and fluid delivery technologies that enable chemical processing of any feature size without risk of damage to the web. Extremely low re-wind tensions enable processing of thin delicate and porous materials. Web processing density of 30 meters of web per linier meter of system dramatically increases processing speeds and most importantly places no limit on web length. Modular control software will complete activities such as data logging and real time fault analysis.
Fluid Foil will have the capacity to accelerate innovation printed, organic & flexible electronics as well as enabling potential new markets to emerge (e.g. graphene, e-textiles and paper products). This will be achieved via the provision of low cost and adaptable machinery to fabricators, opening up chemical processing to SMEs. The commercial aim of the project is to limit the time-intensive work that goes into the customisation of machines and software and reduce the lead time and cost to the customer while increasing our output.Our goal for the overall project is to develop and build a suite of demonstrator modules which will help generate customer confidence and gain orders from early adopters before we go on to license the system. | [
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials",
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
10.1080/17470218.2017.1350871 | Try And Try Again Post Error Boost Of An Implicit Measure Of Agency | The sense of agency refers to the feeling that we control our actions and, through them, effects in the outside world. Reinforcement learning provides an important theoretical framework for understanding why people choose to make particular actions. Few previous studies have considered how reinforcement and learning might influence the subjective experience of agency over actions and outcomes. In two experiments, participants chose between two action alternatives, which differed in reward probability. Occasional reversals of action-reward mapping required participants to monitor outcomes and adjust action selection processing accordingly. We measured shifts in the perceived times of actions and subsequent outcomes ('intentional binding') as an implicit proxy for sense of agency. In the first experiment, negative outcomes showed stronger binding towards the preceding action, compared to positive outcomes. Furthermore, negative outcomes were followed by increased binding of actions towards their outcome on the following trial. Experiment 2 replicated this post-error boost in action binding and showed that it only occurred when people could learn from their errors to improve action choices. We modelled the post-error boost using an established quantitative model of reinforcement learning. The post-error boost in action binding correlated positively with participants' tendency to learn more from negative outcomes than from positive outcomes. Our results suggest a novel relation between sense of agency and reinforcement learning, in which sense of agency is increased when negative outcomes trigger adaptive changes in subsequent action selection processing. | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"The Human Mind and Its Complexity"
]
|
10.1017/fms.2018.7 | ANY CYCLIC QUADRILATERAL CAN BE INSCRIBED IN ANY CLOSED CONVEX SMOOTH CURVE | We prove that any cyclic quadrilateral can be inscribed in any closed convex $C^{1}$-curve. The smoothness condition is not required if the quadrilateral is a rectangle. | [
"Mathematics"
]
|
10.1007/978-3-319-58786-8_10 | Reduced Order Semi Implicit Schemes For Fluid Structure Interaction Problems | POD--Galerkin reduced-order models (ROMs) for fluid-structure interaction problems (incompressible fluid and thin structure) are proposed in this paper. Both the high-fidelity and reduced-order methods are based on a Chorin-Temam operator-splitting approach. Two different reduced-order methods are proposed, which differ on velocity continuity condition, imposed weakly or strongly, respectively. The resulting ROMs are tested and compared on a representative haemodynamics test case characterized by wave propagation, in order to assess the capabilities of the proposed strategies. | [
"Mathematics",
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
10.1126/science.aad8852 | Durable coexistence of donor and recipient strains after fecal microbiota transplantation | Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has shown efficacy in treating recurrent Clostridium difficile infection and is increasingly being applied to other gastrointestinal disorders, yet the fate of native and introduced microbial strains remains largely unknown. To quantify the extent of donor microbiota colonization, we monitored strain populations in fecal samples from a recent FMT study on metabolic syndrome patients using single-nucleotide variants in metagenomes. We found extensive coexistence of donor and recipient strains, persisting 3 months after treatment. Colonization success was greater for conspecific strains than for new species, the latter falling within fluctuation levels observed in healthy individuals over a similar time frame. Furthermore, same-donor recipients displayed varying degrees of microbiota transfer, indicating individual patterns of microbiome resistance and donor-recipient compatibilities. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems"
]
|
10.1007/JHEP11(2016)152 | Non Abelian Bubbles In Microstate Geometries | We find the first smooth microstate geometries with non-Abelian fields. The solutions constitute an extension of the BPS three-charge smooth microstates. These consist in general families of regular supersymmetric solutions with non-trivial topology, i. e. bubbles, of $\mathcal{N}=1$, $d=5$ Super-Einstein-Yang-Mills theory, having the asymptotic charges of a black hole or black ring but with no horizon. The non-Abelian fields make their presence at the very heart of the microstate structure: the physical size of the bubbles is affected by the non-Abelian topological charge they carry, which combines with the Abelian flux threading the bubbles to hold them up. Interestingly the non-Abelian fields carry a set of adjustable continuous parameters that do not alter the asymptotics of the solutions but modify the local geometry. This feature can be used to obtain a classically infinite number of microstate solutions with the asymptotics of a single black hole or black ring. | [
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter",
"Mathematics"
]
|
Q3069674 | Tohvri Puit OÜ Resource Efficiency Investment | With the replacement of the old aspiration system, square shaft and locker saws, the production of Tohvri Puit OÜ will become more resource efficient and the project will result in the production of details with less resource use and greater resource productivity. With the installation of new benches, production will become faster and more resource efficient. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
US 0132133 W | CONSTANT VELOCITY JOINT OF TRIPOD TYPE | The object of the invention is to provide a constant velocity joint (1) of tripod type which is both highly strong and durable, and which can maintain a low axial force and low shudder when transmitting torque at a joint angle. The constant velocity joint (1) of tripod type comprises a roller assembly including an outer roller (16), an inner roller (12) and a needle bearing (10) located therebetween. The outer roller (16) is provided with needle bearing retaining rings (15) and needle bearing stop rings (24), at each of its upper and lower ends, respectively. The inner roller (12) moves relative to the outer roller (16) in the axial direction. The outer face of the inner roller (12) and the inner face of the outer roller (16) have generally spherical shapes of dimensions similar to each other to freely engage, respectively. The outer face of the trunnion (8) is provided with a partially cylindrical portion (13) with inclined relative to a trunnion centerline (Q). | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
10.1021/ja509937k | A comprehensive study of extended tetrathiafulvalene cruciform molecules for molecular electronics: Synthesis and electrical transport measurements | Cruciform-like molecules with two orthogonally placed π-conjugated systems have in recent years attracted significant interest for their potential use as molecular wires in molecular electronics. Here we present synthetic protocols for a large selection of cruciform molecules based on oligo(phenyleneethynylene) (OPE) and tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) scaffolds, end-capped with acetyl-protected thiolates as electrode anchoring groups. The molecules were subjected to a comprehensive study of their conducting properties as well as their photophysical and electrochemical properties in solution. The complex nature of the molecules and their possible binding in different configurations in junctions called for different techniques of conductance measurements: (1) conducting-probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM) measurements on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), (2) mechanically controlled break-junction (MCBJ) measurements, and (3) scanning tunneling microscopy break-junction (STM-BJ) measurements. The CP-AFM measurements showed structure-property relationships from SAMs of series of OPE3 and OPE5 cruciform molecules; the conductance of the SAM increased with the number of dithiafulvene (DTF) units (0, 1, 2) along the wire, and it increased when substituting two arylethynyl end groups of the OPE3 backbone with two DTF units. The MCBJ and STM-BJ studies on single molecules both showed that DTFs decreased the junction formation probability, but, in contrast, no significant influence on the single-molecule conductance was observed. We suggest that the origins of the difference between SAM and single-molecule measurements lie in the nature of the molecule-electrode interface as well as in effects arising from molecular packing in the SAMs. This comprehensive study shows that for complex molecules care should be taken when directly comparing single-molecule measurements and measurements of SAMs and solid-state devices thereof. | [
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Condensed Matter Physics"
]
|
10.15252/msb.20177951 | In situ genotyping of a pooled strain library after characterizing complex phenotypes | In this work, we present a proof-of-principle experiment that extends advanced live cell microscopy to the scale of pool-generated strain libraries. We achieve this by identifying the genotypes for individual cells in situ after a detailed characterization of the phenotype. The principle is demonstrated by single-molecule fluorescence time-lapse imaging of Escherichia coli strains harboring barcoded plasmids that express a sgRNA which suppresses different genes in the E. coli genome through dCas9 interference. In general, the method solves the problem of characterizing complex dynamic phenotypes for diverse genetic libraries of cell strains. For example, it allows screens of how changes in regulatory or coding sequences impact the temporal expression, location, or function of a gene product, or how the altered expression of a set of genes impacts the intracellular dynamics of a labeled reporter. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems",
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration"
]
|
10.1016/j.msea.2015.06.016 | Microstructure and microhardness of OFHC copper processed by high-pressure torsion | An ultra-high purity oxygen free high conductivity (OFHC) Cu was investigated to determine the evolution of microstructure and microhardness during processing by high-pressure torsion (HPT). Disks were processed at ambient temperature, the microstructures were observed at the center, mid-radius and near-edge positions and the Vickers microhardness was recorded along radial directions. At low strains, σ3 twin boundaries are formed due to dynamic recrystallization before microstructural refinement and ultimately a stabilized ultrafine grain structure is formed in the near-edge position with an average grain size of ~280. nm after 10 turns. Measurements show the microhardness initially increases to ~150. Hv at an equivalent strain of ~2, then falls to about ~80. Hv during dynamic recrystallization up to a strain of ~8 and thereafter increases again to a saturated value of ~150. Hv at strains above ~22. The delay in microstructure and microhardness homogeneity by dynamic recrystallization is attributed to the high purity of Cu that enhances dislocation mobility and causes dynamic softening during the early stages of straining. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
219651 | Systematic search of regulatory elements controlling autosomal monoallelic expression | Autosomal monoallelic expression (MAE) is an epigenetic phenomenon that controls the relative expression of maternal and paternal alleles in thousands of mammalian genes. Despite MAE’s widespread character the molecular mechanisms involved in its establishment and maintenance are yet to be clarified. Recent work shows that the sets of genes subject to MAE are highly consistent across individuals and conserved between human and mouse species. I propose to test that such conservation is due to specific regulatory elements in the genome associated with MAE genes. The strategy to discover such elements is via a systematic analysis of differences in genome-wide MAE patterns. In the outgoing phase of the Fellowship, I will be based in DFCI under the supervision of Prof. A. Gimelbrant. There, I will experimentally map MAE patterns in mice with highly divergent genomic backgrounds and identify loci that consistently differ between strains in whether they are MAE. Using computational methods, I will then determine whether particular motifs are associated with such variable regions. I will further assess the role of the candidate regulatory elements using specific F1 crosses and targeted mutagenesis. The analysis in the mouse will be complemented by comparative analysis of human and chimp matched cells, in order to narrow down the candidate loci list and shed light on the evolution of MAE. Successful completion of this project will establish the first model of genetic control of MAE and open doors to progress in the mechanistic and developmental understanding of MAE. On return to the TCD, under the supervision of Prof. A. McLysaght, I will be the link between two laboratories with a diverse research focus that would not be collaborating unless in the context of this Fellowship. I will emerge from this collaborative work with new skills commensurate with a leading independent researcher in the EU. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems"
]
|
W2025801738 | When the mind wanders: Age-related differences between young and older adults | Interest in mind wandering (MW) has grown in recent years, but few studies have assessed this phenomenon in older adults. The aim of this study was to assess age-related differences between young, young-old and old-old adults in MW using two versions of the sustained attention to response task (SART), one perceptual and one semantic. Different indicators were examined (i.e., reported MW episodes and behavioral indices of MW such as response time latency and variability, incorrect response and omission errors). The relationship between MW, certain basic mechanisms of cognition (working memory, inhibition and processing speed), cognitive failures and intrusive thoughts in everyday life was also explored. Findings in both versions of the SART indicated that older adults reported a lower frequency of MW episodes than young adults, but some of the behavioral indices of MW (response time variability, incorrect response and omission errors) were higher in old-old adults. This seems to suggest that MW becomes less frequent with aging, but more pervasive and detrimental to performance. Our results also indicated that the role of age and cognitive mechanisms in explaining MW depends on the demands of the SART task considered. | [
"The Human Mind and Its Complexity",
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing"
]
|
GB 160173 A | OLEFIN POLYMERISATION | 1419501 Olefin polymerization catalysts INTERNATIONAL SYNTHETIC RUBBER CO Ltd 2 March 1973 [3 March 1973 11 Jan 1973] 10188/72 and 1601/73 Heading C3P Alpha-monoolefins are polymerized in a hydrocarbon diluent in the presence of a catalyst comprising (1) an intimate mixture of (a) a trivalent halide of titanium, zirconium or hafnium, and (b) a compound of a Group V(a) or VI(a) transition metal, in which the mole ratio of (a) to (b) is between 10 : 1 and 100 : 1 and (2) an aluminium trihydrocarbyl or a hydrocarbylaluminium halide. The dispersion (1) is obtained by mixing the specified ingredients, followed by subjecting the mixture to shear, e.g. milling in the presence of a diluent. The polymers may be recovered by injection into hot water to form crumbs. A thiodipropionate or a metal soap may be added before final recovery of the polymer. In examples, polypropylene or ethylene-propylene copolymer is obtained by polymerization in the presence of a component (1) obtained by ball-milling in a hydrocarbon diluent a mixture of TiCl 3 and VOCl 3 and, as component (2), AlEt 3 and Et 2 AlCl. In some cases hydrogen, ethyltrichloroacetate or butylperchlorocrotonate modifiers are also included. | [
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
10.1136/heartjnl-2013-303634 | Smoking and obesity associated BDNF gene variance predicts total and cardiovascular mortality in smokers | Objective: The brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) locus has been implicated in psychiatric and substance related disorders. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have shown strong associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms in BDNF, smoking behaviour and high body mass index (BMI). Our aim was to test whether genetic BDNF variation alters the risk of smoking related morbidity and mortality. Design: Cox proportional hazards models were used to relate the BDNF rs4923461(A/G) polymorphisms to all-cause, cancer and cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and smoking quantity. Setting: The Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS), a population based prospective cohort study (n=30 447). Patients We obtained complete data on 25 071 subjects, of whom 6507 were current smokers and 18 564 were non-smokers who underwent a baseline examination from 1991-1996. Main outcome measures: During a mean follow-up time of 12 years, 1049 deaths (346 cardiovascular deaths and 492 cancer deaths) and 802 incident CVD events occurred among current smokers. Results: The major allele (A) of rs4923461 was significantly associated with ever having smoked (p=0. 03) and high BMI (p=0. 001). The A-allele was associated with risk of all-cause (HR=1. 12, 95% CI 1. 00 to 1. 25; p<0. 05) and CVD (HR=1. 23, 95% CI 1. 01 to 1. 49; p=0. 04) mortality. There was no significant association between the rs4923461 and cancer mortality or CVD incidence. Conclusions: Our data suggest that smoking-and obesity-associated variation of the BDNF gene affects the risk of death, especially due to cardiovascular causes, in smokers. Determination of the BDNF genotype in smokers may guide the need for smoking cessation interventions. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems",
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing"
]
|
10.1364/AOP.6.000340 | Optics Of The Eye And Its Impact In Vision A Tutorial | The human eye is a relatively simple optical instrument. This limits the quality of the retinal image affecting vision. However, the neural circuitry seems to be exquisitely designed to match the otherwise limited optical capabilities, providing an exceptional quality of vision. In this tutorial article, the main characteristics of the eye’s geometry and optics will first be reviewed. Then, their impact on vision under a variety of normal conditions will be discussed. The information gathered here should serve both those readers interested in basic vision and physiological optics and those more interested in related applications. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing"
]
|
W4220856798 | Global Burden of Cutaneous Melanoma in 2020 and Projections to 2040 | <h3>Importance</h3> Despite many cases being preventable, cutaneous melanoma remains the most serious skin cancer worldwide. Understanding the scale and profile of the disease is vital to concentrate and reinforce global prevention efforts. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine global patterns of cutaneous melanoma in 2020 and to provide projected estimates of cases and deaths by 2040. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This population-based study used the GLOBOCAN 2020 database for global epidemiological assessment of new cases and deaths due to invasive melanoma. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were calculated per 100 000 person-years by country, world region, and 4-tier level of human development. Estimated numbers of cases and deaths were calculated for the year 2040. <h3>Results</h3> A worldwide total of 325 000 new melanoma cases (174 000 males, 151 000 females) and 57 000 deaths (32 000 males, 25 000 females) was estimated for 2020. Large geographic variations existed across countries and world regions, with the highest incidence rates among males (42 per 100 000 person-years) and females (31 per 100 000 person-years) observed in Australia/New Zealand, followed by Western Europe (19 per 100 000 person-years for males and females), North America (18 per 100 000 person-years for males, 14 per 100 000 person-years for females), and Northern Europe (17 per 100 000 person-years for males, 18 per 100 000 person-years for females). Melanoma continued to be rare in most African and Asian countries, with incidence rates commonly less than 1 per 100 000 person-years. Mortality rates peaked at 5 per 100 000 person-years in New Zealand, and geographic variations were less pronounced than for incidence. Melanoma was more frequent among males than females in most world regions. If 2020 rates continue, the burden from melanoma is estimated to increase to 510 000 new cases (a roughly 50% increase) and to 96 000 deaths (a 68% increase) by 2040. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This epidemiological assessment suggests that melanoma remains an important challenge to cancer control and public health globally, especially in fair-skinned populations of European descent. | [
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution"
]
|
217544 | Distributed and dynamic graph algorithms and complexity | This project aims to (i) resolve challenging graph problems in distributed and dynamic settings, with a focus on connectivity problems (such as computing edge connectivity and distances), and (ii) on the way develop a systematic approach to attack problems in these settings, by thoroughly exploring relevant algorithmic and complexity-theoretic landscapes. Tasks include
- building a hierarchy of intermediate computational models so that designing algorithms and proving lower bounds can be done in several intermediate steps,
- explaining the limits of algorithms by proving conditional lower bounds based on old and new reasonable conjectures, and
- connecting techniques in the two settings to generate new insights that are unlikely to emerge from the isolated viewpoint of a single field.
The project will take advantage from and contribute to the developments in many young fields in theoretical computer science, such as fine-grained complexity and sublinear algorithms. Resolving one of the connectivity problems will already be a groundbreaking result. However, given the approach, it is likely that one breakthrough will lead to many others. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
10.1002/bit.25234 | Engineering of chromosomal wax ester synthase integrated Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants for improved biosynthesis of fatty acid ethyl esters | In recent years, significant advances have been made to engineer robust microbes for overproducing biochemical products from renewable resources. These accomplishments have to a large extend been based on plasmid based methods. However, plasmid maintenance may cause a metabolic burden on the host cell and plasmid-based overexpression of genes can result in genetically unstable strains, which contributes to loss in productivity. Here, a chromosome engineering method based on delta integration was applied in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs), which can be directly used as biodiesel and would be a possible substitute for conventional petroleum-based diesel. An integration construct was designed and integrated into chromosomal delta sequences by repetitive transformation, which resulted in 1-6 copies of the integration construct per genome. The corresponding FAEE production increased up to 34mg/L, which is an about sixfold increase compared to the equivalent plasmid-based producer. The integrated cassette in the yeast genome was stably maintained in nonselective medium after deletion of RAD52 which is essential for efficient homologous recombination. To obtain a further increase of FAEE production, genes encoding endogenous acyl-CoA binding protein (ACB1) and a bacterial NADP+-dependent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapN) were overexpressed in the final integration strain, which resulted in another 40% percent increase in FAEE production. Our integration strategy enables easy engineering of strains with adjustable gene copy numbers integrated into the genome and this allows for an easy evaluation of the effect of the gene copy number on pathway flux. It therefore represents a valuable tool for introducing and expressing a heterologous pathway in yeast. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 1740-1747. | [
"Biotechnology and Biosystems Engineering",
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems"
]
|
FR 2020052526 W | SINGLE-LAYER MULTI-STRAND CABLE HAVING IMPROVED ENERGY AT BREAK AND AN IMPROVED TOTAL ELONGATION | The invention relates to a multi-strand cable (50) having a 1xN structure comprising a single layer (52) of N strands (54) that are helically wound about a main axis (A), each strand (54) consisting of a layer (56) of metal wires (F1) and comprising M>1 metal wires that are helically wound about an axis (B). The cable (50) has a total elongation At > 8.10%, and the energy-at-break index Er = rAt of the cable (50) is defined as Er = ∫ AT σ(Αί) x dAi, where σ(Αί) is the tensile stress in MPa measured at the elongation Ai, and dAi is the elongation such that Er is strictly greater than 52 MJ/m3. | [
"Materials Engineering",
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
170462 | Enantioselective nickel-catalyzed trans-carbometallative couplings and cyclizations | This Fellowship application unites an Experienced Researcher from India (but currently based in Taiwan) with expertise in asymmetric synthesis and transition metal catalysis using gold, silver, and rhodium complexes, with an internationally recognized Host Laboratory in the UK with expertise in the development of new catalytic reactions for organic synthesis. This project will:
• Provide high-quality, structured training for an outstanding scientist with an excellent publication record who is destined for an independent research career, by complementing and enhancing his competencies.
• Showcase European excellence in homogeneous catalysis and organic synthesis, which are critically important branches of chemistry that underpin many sectors, such as the pharmaceutical, fine chemicals, agrochemical, materials, and biochemical industries.
The proposed research is based upon a new synthetic method recently discovered in the Host Laboratory that relies upon the formal trans-carbometallation of organonickel species across an alkyne. The resulting alkenylnickel species can be trapped by various electrophiles in cyclizations that would otherwise be impossible, giving densely functionalized carbo- and heterocyclic scaffolds. Moreover, the products can be obtained with high enantioselectivities using a chiral ligand. We believe this chemistry carries enormous potential, and the final result will be a powerful synthetic method for the preparation of valuable building blocks as single enantiomers. This Fellowship will therefore help Europe to remain globally competitive in the chemical sciences. | [
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
EP 2020086453 W | AQUACULTURE FEED | The present invention relates to a feed premix feed premix comprising high amounts of eicosapentaenoic acid ("ERA") and docosahexaenoic acid ("DHA") as feed premix for animals, preferably aquatic animals including fish and shrimp. More particular, this invention relates to a feed premix intended for intake by aquatic animals comprising high amounts of ERA and DHA and vitamins C and E. The invention further concerns a method of producing a meat product, preferably an aquaculture meat product, by feeding an animal, preferably a fish, a feed composition, said method comprising the step of formulating a feed composition comprising DHA, preferably ERA and DHA, and vitamins C and E. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Biotechnology and Biosystems Engineering"
]
|
10.1093/mnras/staa788 | Searching for solar siblings in APOGEE and Gaia DR2 with N-body simulations | ABSTRACT
We make use of APOGEE and $Gaia\,$ data to identify stars that are consistent with being born in the same association or star cluster as the Sun. We limit our analysis to stars that match solar abundances within their uncertainties, as they could have formed from the same giant molecular cloud (GMC) as the Sun. We constrain the range of orbital actions that solar siblings can have with a suite of simulations of solar birth clusters evolved in static and time-dependent tidal fields. The static components of each galaxy model are the bulge, disc, and halo, while the various time-dependent components include a bar, spiral arms, and GMCs. In galaxy models without GMCs, simulated solar siblings all have JR < 122 km $\rm s^{-1}$ kpc, 990 < Lz < 1986 km $\rm s^{-1}$ kpc, and 0. 15 < Jz < 0. 58 km $\rm s^{-1}$ kpc. Given the actions of stars in APOGEE and $Gaia\,$, we find 104 stars that fall within this range. One candidate in particular, Solar Sibling 1, has both chemistry and actions similar enough to the solar values that strong interactions with the bar or spiral arms are not required for it to be dynamically associated with the Sun. Adding GMCs to the potential can eject solar siblings out of the plane of the disc and increase their Jz, resulting in a final candidate list of 296 stars. The entire suite of simulations indicate that solar siblings should have JR < 122 km $\rm s^{-1}$ kpc, 353 < Lz < 2110 km $\rm s^{-1}$ kpc, and Jz < 0. 8 km $\rm s^{-1}$ kpc. Given these criteria, it is most likely that the association or cluster that the Sun was born in has reached dissolution and is not the commonly cited open cluster M67. | [
"Universe Sciences",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
10.1186/s12966-015-0229-x | Neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage and fruit and vegetable consumption: A seven countries comparison | Background: Low fruit and vegetable consumption is a risk factor for poor health. Studies have shown consumption varies across neighbourhoods, with lower intakes in disadvantaged neighbourhoods. However, findings are inconsistent, suggesting that socio-spatial inequities in diet could be context-specific, highlighting a need for international comparisons across contexts. This study examined variations in fruit and vegetable consumption among adults from neighbourhoods of varying socioeconomic status (SES) across seven countries (Australia, Canada, Netherlands, New Zealand, Portugal, Scotland, US). Methods: Data from seven existing studies, identified through literature searches and knowledge of co-authors, which collected measures of both neighbourhood-level SES and fruit and vegetable consumption were used. Logistic regression was used to examine associations between neighbourhood-level SES and binary fruit and vegetable consumption separately, adjusting for neighbourhood clustering and age, gender and education. As much as possible, variables were treated in a consistent manner in the analysis for each study to allow the identification of patterns of association within study and to examine differences in the associations across studies. Results: Adjusted analyses showed evidence of an association between neighbourhood-level SES and fruit consumption in Canada, New Zealand and Scotland, with increased odds of greater fruit intake in higher SES neighbourhoods. In Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Portugal, those residing in higher SES neighbourhoods had increased odds of greater vegetable intake. The other studies showed no evidence of a difference by neighbourhood-level SES. Conclusions: Acknowledging discrepancies across studies in terms of sampling, measures, and definitions of neighbourhoods, this opportunistic study, which treated data in a consistent manner, suggests that associations between diet and neighbourhood-level socioeconomic status vary across countries. Neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage may differentially impact on access to resources in which produce is available in different countries. Neighbourhood environments have the potential to influence behaviour and further research is required to examine the context in which these associations arise. | [
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases",
"The Social World and Its Interactions",
"Human Mobility, Environment, and Space"
]
|
US 201715589304 A | Active vibration controller | An active vibration controller includes: a housing; a first magnetic member installed on the side of the housing having a toric shape; a movable member including a second magnetic member that is substantially coaxial with the first magnetic member and disposed inside the toric shape of the first magnetic member; an exciting coil that generates a magnetic field in accordance with an intensity of a current supplied thereto; and a magnetic viscoelastic elastomer that has a magnetic viscoelastic property varying in accordance with a magnitude of the magnetic field from the exciting coil between the first and second tip portions, and connects the first magnetic core to the second magnetic core. The magnetic viscoelastic elastomer has a region having a non-magnetic property between the first and the second magnetic cores. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
10.1172/JCI80278 | Fighting Polyglutamine Disease By Wrestling With Sumo | Spinobulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is an X-linked disease characterized by degeneration of motor neurons, muscle atrophy, and progressive weakness. It is caused by a polyglutamine (polyQ) expansion in the androgen receptor (AR), a transcription factor that is activated upon hormone binding. The polyQ expansion in AR causes it to form intracellular aggregates and impairs transcriptional activity. Intriguingly, SUMOylation (where SUMO indicates small ubiquitin-like modifier) of AR inhibits its transcriptional activity and reduces aggregation of the polyQ form of this protein, but it is unclear whether SUMOylation plays a pathogenic or protective role in SBMA. In this issue of the JCI, Chua et al. address this question by generating knockin mice in which the native AR is replaced by either a polyQ AR or a polyQ AR lacking the two lysine residues that are SUMOylated. The results from this study demonstrate that inhibiting SUMOylation of polyQ AR restores much of its transcriptional activity and prevents many (but not all) SBMA-associated symptoms in this mouse model. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.1098/rspb.2012.0843 | Kin selection, quorum sensing and virulence in pathogenic bacteria | Bacterial growth and virulence often depends upon the cooperative release of extracellular factors excreted in response to quorum sensing (QS). We carried out an
in vivo
selection experiment in mice to examine how QS evolves in response to variation in relatedness (strain diversity), and the consequences for virulence. We started our experiment with two bacterial strains: a wild-type that both produces and responds to QS signal molecules, and a
lasR
(signal-blind) mutant that does not release extracellular factors in response to signal. We found that: (i) QS leads to greater growth within hosts; (ii) high relatedness favours the QS wild-type; and (iii) low relatedness favours the
lasR
mutant. Relatedness matters in our experiment because, at relatively low relatedness, the
lasR
mutant is able to exploit the extracellular factors produced by the cells that respond to QS, and hence increase in frequency. Furthermore, our results suggest that because a higher relatedness favours cooperative QS, and hence leads to higher growth, this will also lead to a higher virulence, giving a relationship between relatedness and virulence that is in the opposite direction to that usually predicted by virulence theory. | [
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy"
]
|
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1091-13.2013 | Resting State Functional Connectivity Emerges From Structurally And Dynamically Shaped Slow Linear Fluctuations | Brain fluctuations at rest are not random but are structured in spatial patterns of correlated activity across different brain areas. The question of how resting-state functional connectivity (FC) emerges from the brain's anatomical connections has motivated several experimental and computational studies to understand structure-function relationships. However, the mechanistic origin of resting state is obscured by large-scale models' complexity, and a close structure-function relation is still an open problem. Thus, a realistic but simple enough description of relevant brain dynamics is needed. Here, we derived a dynamic mean field model that consistently summarizes the realistic dynamics of a detailed spiking and conductance-based synaptic large-scale network, in which connectivity is constrained by diffusion imaging data from human subjects. The dynamic mean field approximates the ensemble dynamics, whose temporal evolution is dominated by the longest time scale of the system. With this reduction, we demonstrated that FC emerges as structured linear fluctuations around a stable low firing activity state close to destabilization. Moreover, the model can be further and crucially simplified into a set of motion equations for statistical moments, providing a direct analytical link between anatomical structure, neural network dynamics, and FC. Our study suggests that FC arises from noise propagation and dynamical slowing down of fluctuations in an anatomically constrained dynamical system. Altogether, the reduction from spiking models to statistical moments presented here provides a new framework to explicitly understand the building up of FC through neuronal dynamics underpinned by anatomical connections and to drive hypotheses in task-evoked studies and for clinical applications. | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
10.1038/nn.3340 | Cellular mechanisms of spatial navigation in the medial entorhinal cortex | Neurons in the medial entorhinal cortex exhibit a grid-like spatial pattern of spike rates that has been proposed to represent a neural code for path integration. To understand how grid cell firing arises from the combination of intrinsic conductances and synaptic input in medial entorhinal stellate cells, we performed patch-clamp recordings in mice navigating in a virtual-reality environment. We found that the membrane potential signature of stellate cells during firing field crossings consisted of a slow depolarization driving spike output. This was best predicted by network models in which neurons receive sustained depolarizing synaptic input during a field crossing, such as continuous attractor network models of grid cell firing. Another key feature of the data, phase precession of intracellular theta oscillations and spiking with respect to extracellular theta oscillations, was best captured by an oscillatory interference model. Thus, these findings provide crucial new information for a quantitative understanding of the cellular basis of spatial navigation in the entorhinal cortex. | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration"
]
|
10.1038/nbt.2999 | Global analysis of protein structural changes in complex proteomes | Changes in protein conformation can affect protein function, but methods to probe these structural changes on a global scale in cells have been lacking. To enable large-scale analyses of protein conformational changes directly in their biological matrices, we present a method that couples limited proteolysis with a targeted proteomics workflow. Using our method, we assessed the structural features of more than 1,000 yeast proteins simultaneously and detected altered conformations for â 1/4300 proteins upon a change of nutrients. We find that some branches of carbon metabolism are transcriptionally regulated whereas others are regulated by enzyme conformational changes. We detect structural changes in aggregation-prone proteins and show the functional relevance of one of these proteins to the metabolic switch. This approach enables probing of both subtle and pronounced structural changes of proteins on a large scale. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems",
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration"
]
|
W1982523704 | Assessment of regional myocardial wall stress before and after surgical correction of functional ischaemic mitral regurgitation using multidetector computed tomography and novel software system☆☆☆ | The objective of this study was to assess changes in left ventricular (LV) volume, function and regional myocardial wall stress in non-infarcted segments following restrictive mitral annuloplasty (RMA) in patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and severe functional mitral regurgitation (MR).Twenty-two patients with ICM (ejection fraction <35%) and severe MR were investigated before and 3 months after RMA using cine-angiographic multidetector row computed tomography (cine-MDCT). For comparative purposes, 38 normal subjects were also studied. Cine-MDCT LV images were reconstructed in a cardiac cycle and regional circumferential wall stress (end-systolic stress (ESS)) was evaluated from the LV end-systolic image using Janz's method. The ESS was determined in six basal and six mid-LV segments of the ventricle based on AHA/ASE criteria. Five apical infarcted segments were not analysed. Mean circumferential fibre shortening (CFS) in both basal and mid-LV regions was determined as a parameter of regional systolic performance.Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (index) (LVEDVI) and left ventricular end-systolic volume (index) (LVESVI) decreased significantly and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) increased after surgery. Neither end-systolic nor end-diastolic sphericity index changed significantly after surgery. Regional ESS significantly decreased in both basal and mid-LV regions after surgery. There was a significant inverse correlation between the change in average value of regional ESS and magnitude of increase in mean CFS of the mid-LV region (r=-0.67, p=0.0018). Postoperative reduction in ESS in the mid-LV region was also correlated with improvement in global EF (r=-0.72, p<0.01).The present cine-MDCT may be useful for assessing regional myocardial stress in patients with ICM. We found that RMA could reduce both end-diastolic and end-systolic volume leading to reduction in regional systolic wall stress, which resulted in improved ejection performance of non-infarcted myocardium in patients with functional MR and ICM. | [
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.140601 | Edwards Thermodynamics for a Driven Athermal System with Dry Friction | We obtain, using semianalytical transfer operator techniques, the Edwards thermodynamics of a one-dimensional model of blocks connected by harmonic springs and subjected to dry friction. The theory is able to reproduce the linear divergence of the correlation length as a function of energy density observed in direct numerical simulations of the model under tapping dynamics. We further characterize analytically this divergence using a Gaussian approximation for the distribution of mechanically stable configurations, and show that it is related to the existence of a peculiar infinite temperature critical point. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Mathematics"
]
|
10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-0294 | Impact of pattern recognition receptors on the prognosis of breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy | Pattern recognition receptors allow the innate immune system to perceive the presence of microbial products and to launch the first steps of the defense response. Some pattern recognition receptors also sense endogenous ligands that are released from uninfected dying cells, thereby activating immune responses against dead-cell antigens. This applies to toll-like receptors 3 and 4 (TLR3, TLR4), which sense double-stranded RNA and high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), respectively, as well as to formyl peptide receptor-1 (FPR1), which interacts with Annexin A1 (ANXA1) from dead cells. Breast cancer patients who bear loss-of-function alleles in TLR3, TLR4, and FPR1 exhibit a reduced metastasis-free and overall survival after treatment with anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy. These genetic defects are epistatic with respect to each other, suggesting that they act on the same pathway, linking chemotherapy to a therapeutically relevant anticancer immune response. Loss-of-function alleles in TLR4 and FPR1 also affect the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients treated with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. Altogether, these results support the idea that conventional anticancer treatments rely on stimulation of anticancer immune responses to become fully efficient. | [
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
10.1130/G37310.1 | The Crucial Role Of Temperature In High Velocity Weakening Of Faults Experiments On Gouge Using Host Blocks With Different Thermal Conductivities | We study the important role of temperature rise in the dynamic weakening of fault gouge at seismic slip rates by using host blocks composed of brass, stainless steel, titanium alloy, and gabbro with thermal conductivities (λh) of 123, 15, 5. 8, and 3. 25 W/m/K, respectively. Our experiments are performed mostly on fault gouge collected from the Longmenshan fault, Sichuan, China, consisting primarily of illite and quartz. High-velocity weakening of gouge becomes more pronounced as λh decreases because the temperature in the gouge increases. Microstructure observations reveal welded slip-zone material and more compact slip surfaces for the gouge deformed with low-λh host blocks, which is probably caused by a sintering process indicative of higher temperatures. These conclusions are supported by temperature calculation performed using the finite-element method. The observed differences in frictional behaviors, deformation microstructures, and calculated temperature demonstrate that temperature rise driven by frictional heating is essential in causing dynamic weakening of gouge at seismic velocities. We show that our data are in good agreement with the flash-heating model, though thermochemical pressurization may also be important. Some of our experiments, where nanoparticles are present but show negligible weakening, demonstrate that the presence of nanoparticles alone is not sufficient to cause dynamic weakening of faults. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Earth System Science"
]
|
W2066980963 | The effect of mesh orientation on netting drag and its application to innovative prawn trawl design | © 2014 . Prawn fisheries around the world comprise fuel intensive enterprises currently stressed financially by rising diesel costs. An avenue for relieving the situation is to improve the energy efficiency of trawling by raising the productivity of fishing per litre of fuel consumed. This paper presents work to develop a new prawn trawl design that leads to reduced trawl system drag. The trawl has a 'double-tongue' format, which refers to extensions forward of the upper and lower panels to form two additional towing points for the trawl. For this design concept, named 'W' trawl, drag generated in the trawl is largely directed to the centreline tongues and transferred forward to the trawler through a connected sled and towing wire. The associated reduction of drag-transfer to the wings makes the trawl substantially easier to spread and results in smaller otter boards being required and subsequently reduced overall drag of the trawl system. The study determined the effect on frame-line tensions of implementing T0 (diamond) and T45 (square) mesh in the main body and side sections of trawl models of conventional and 'W' configuration, with the aim to establish an optimal combination of mesh orientation for the principle parts of the 'W' trawl. The objective was to achieve minimum netting drag and beneficial strain transfer within the trawl such that maximum trawling performance (catch per unit of fuel) might be obtained in the field. T45 mesh in the side sections of the trawl was found to exhibit a progressively lower drag compared to T0 mesh as the flow speed increased, but the extent of drag reduction was not of practical significance. The 'W' trawl showed a capacity of redirecting 59% of the total netting drag to the centre line tongues when T45 netting was implemented in the body section, and only 40% when T0 orientation was used. However, the introduction of bracing ropes (at E=. 0.71) along the upper and lower centrelines of the T0 version of the W trawl improved the drag transfer to the tongues from 40% to 50% of the total drag. Overall, the most practical and economic configuration of the model 'W' designs tested produced an estimated drag reduction of 8.3%. ±. 0.6%, compared to the conventional trawl. It is expected that drag saving benefits in practice will be more substantial as the tested trawl models were not completely representative of practical commercial gear in that they had minimum twine area to make the experiment most sensitive to the drag-effect of mesh orientation. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution"
]
|
W1537551647 | Integration Processes in European Research and Development: A Comparative Spatial Interaction Approach Using Project Based Research and Development Networks, Co-Patent Networks and Co-Publication Networks | This study focuses on integration processes in European Research and Development (R&D) by analyzing the spatiotemporal dimension of three different R&D collaboration networks across Europe. The studied networks cover different types of knowledge creation, namely project-based R&D networks within the European Union (EU) Framework Programmes (FPs), co-patent networks, and co-publication networks. Integration in European R&D—one of the main pillars of the EU Science Technology and Innovation policy—refers to the harmonization of fragmented national research systems across Europe and to the free movement of knowledge and researchers. The objective is to describe and compare spatiotemporal patterns at a regional level and to estimate the evolution of separation effects over the time period 1999–2006 that influence the probability of cross-region collaborations in the distinct networks under consideration. The study adopts a spatial interaction modeling perspective, econometrically specifying a panel generalized linear model relationship, taking into account spatial autocorrelation among flows using eigenfunction spatial filtering methods. The results show that geographical factors are a lower hurdle for R&D collaborations in the FP networks than in co-patent networks and co-publication networks. Furthermore, it is shown that the geographical integration is higher in the FP network. | [
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations",
"Human Mobility, Environment, and Space"
]
|
US 38041699 A | Stable polyurethaneurea solutions | A viscosity-stable solution of a polyurethaneurea, in the substantial absence of viscosity stabilizers, and spandex dry-spun therefrom, prepared from certain polyether glycols and aliphatic diisocyanates and ethylene diamine, are provided. | [
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
980705 | Career development fellowships in the national technology centre programme | The Career-FIT PLUS COFUND Programme proposes 50 three-year Career Development Fellowships to be situated in Ireland’s National Technology Centres with mandatory secondment to industry. The programme will be managed from the Research & Innovation Division of Enterprise Ireland (EI), a national industrial development agency with a mission that targets developing people and their capability for driving enterprise growth. The Career-FIT PLUS programme will have a duration period of 60 months with two calls for proposals.
As the successor to the previously funded MSCA COFUND Career-FIT programme, the Career-FIT PLUS offers a maturity of approach with key learnings from the engagement of EI, the Technology Centres and the Fellows in Career-FIT incorporated into the enhanced Career-FIT PLUS programme. These provide for an improved platform for researchers to develop high quality proposals with the Technology Centres and their partner enterprises. It also reinforces a more structured basis for training and mentoring initiatives and actions developed during the implementation of Career-FIT, such as cross-over training across the Technology Centres. There is an intention to position the programme as a more central element of EI’s innovation portfolio, with a particular focus on enhancing the interdisciplinary platforms of the Technology Centres.
The proposal is supported by a significant demand from enterprises relevant to the research areas of the Technology Centres.
The total budget of the Career-FIT PLUS programme is €13,792,500 of which €5,517,000 is requested for co-funding. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations"
]
|
10.1016/j.cell.2017.10.033 | A Method for the Acute and Rapid Degradation of Endogenous Proteins | Methods for the targeted disruption of protein function have revolutionized science and greatly expedited the systematic characterization of genes. Two main approaches are currently used to disrupt protein function: DNA knockout and RNA interference, which act at the genome and mRNA level, respectively. A method that directly alters endogenous protein levels is currently not available. Here, we present Trim-Away, a technique to degrade endogenous proteins acutely in mammalian cells without prior modification of the genome or mRNA. Trim-Away harnesses the cellular protein degradation machinery to remove unmodified native proteins within minutes of application. This rapidity minimizes the risk that phenotypes are compensated and that secondary, non-specific defects accumulate over time. Because Trim-Away utilizes antibodies, it can be applied to a wide range of target proteins using off-the-shelf reagents. Trim-Away allows the study of protein function in diverse cell types, including non-dividing primary cells where genome- and RNA-targeting methods are limited. | [
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions"
]
|
W2008413532 | Psychosocial difficulties in people with epilepsy: A systematic review of literature from 2005 until 2010 | The aims of this paper are to identify factors that influence the psychosocial difficulties (PSDs) that persons with epilepsy experience in their everyday life, to describe their onset and the way they evolve over time, and to analyze the determinants of changes over time and other related variables. Electronic databases were searched for studies published in English between January 2005 and May 2010, and information from thirteen studies was extracted. The most frequent PSDs found in people with epilepsy were depressive symptoms, memory functions, quality of life, anxiety, stigma, locus of control, cognitive functions in general, and emotional functions in general. It can be stated that patients' life areas are affected by cognitive, emotional, and psychological problems. However, the majority of studies focus on isolated PSDs or on the effects of a specific determinant in the course of epilepsy, leaving some gaps that could encourage further research. | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"The Human Mind and Its Complexity"
]
|
247060 | Exploring the physics of Proto-stars and Extra-solar PlanetS | The PEPS project is dedicated to the understanding of low-mass star, brown dwarf and giant planet formation and evolution and to the characterization of their internal structure and observable properties. The aim is to develop a sound theoretical foundation and a new generation of modelling tools, in close interaction with observing and experimental programs. The ultimate goal of the project is to provide a consistent description of the different stages from the very formation process to the long term evolution for these objects, characterizing the initial conditions of star/planet formation and exploring their impact on the subsequent mechanical (mass, radius, internal structure and composition), thermal (surface temperature, luminosity) and spectral properties. A dedicated part of the project will focus on exo-Earth planets and on the identification of bio-signatures in their atmosphere, opening an avenue to exobiology. | [
"Universe Sciences",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
340551 | From birth to action: regulation of gene expression through transcription complex biogenesis | Transcriptional regulation of protein coding genes in eukaryotic cells requires a complex interplay of sequence-specific DNA-binding factors, co-activators, general transcription factors (GTFs), RNA polymerase II and the epigenetic status of target sequences. Nuclear transcription complexes function as large multiprotein assemblies and are often composed of functional modules. The regulated decision-making that exists in cells governing the assembly and the allocation of factors to different transcription complexes to regulate distinct gene expression pathways is not yet understood. To tackle this fundamental question, we will systematically analyse the regulated biogenesis of transcription complexes from their sites of translation in the cytoplasm, through their assembly intermediates and nuclear import, to their site of action in the nucleus. The project will have four main Aims to decipher the biogenesis of transcription complexes:
I) Investigate their co-translation-driven assembly
II) Determine their cytoplasmic intermediates and factors required for their assembly pathways
III) Uncover their nuclear import
IV) Understand at the single molecule level their nuclear assembly, dynamics and action at target genes
To carry out these aims we propose a combination of multidisciplinary and cutting edge approaches, out of which some of them will be high-risk taking, while others will utilize methods routinely run by the group. The project builds on several complementary expertise and knowledge either already existing in the group or that will be implemented during the project. At the end of the proposed project we will obtain novel results extensively describing the different steps of the regulatory mechanisms that control the assembly and the consequent gene regulatory function of transcription complexes. Thus, we anticipate that the results of our research will have a major impact on the field and will lead to a new paradigm for contemporary metazoan transcription. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems"
]
|
10.1111/1365-2435.12657 | Where When And How Plant Soil Feedback Matters In A Changing World | Summary
It is increasingly acknowledged that plant–soil feedbacks may play an important role in driving the composition of plant communities and functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. However, the mechanistic understanding of plant–soil feedbacks, as well as their roles in natural ecosystems in proportion to other possible drivers, is still in its infancy. Such knowledge will enhance our capacity to determine the contribution of plant–soil feedback to community and ecosystem responses under global environmental change. Here, we review how plant–soil feedbacks may develop under extreme drought and precipitation events, CO2 and nitrogen enrichment, temperature increase, land use change and plant species loss vs. gain. We present a framework for opening the ‘black box of soil’ considering the responses of the various biotic components (enemies, symbionts and decomposers) of plant–soil feedback to the global environmental changes, and we discuss how to integrate these components to understand and predict the net effects of plant–soil feedbacks under the various scenarios of change. To gain an understanding of how plant–soil feedback plays out in realistic settings, we also use the framework to discuss its interaction with other drivers of plant community composition, including competition, facilitation, herbivory, and soil physical and chemical properties. We conclude that understanding the role that plant–soil feedback plays in shaping the responses of plant community composition and ecosystem processes to global environmental changes requires unravelling the individual contributions of enemies, symbionts and decomposers. These biotic factors may show different response rates and strengths, thereby resulting in different net magnitudes and directions of plant–soil feedbacks under various scenarios of global change. We also need tests of plant–soil feedback under more realistic conditions to determine its contribution to changes in patterns and processes in the field, both at ecologically and evolutionary relevant time-scales. | [
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"Earth System Science"
]
|
10.1016/j.actamat.2014.07.001 | Atomic core structure and mobility of [1 0 0](0 1 0) and [0 1 0](1 0 0) dislocations in MgSiO<inf>3</inf> perovskite | The plastic behavior of MgSiO3 perovskite is investigated under pressure conditions similar to those encountered in the Earth's lower mantle. The core structures of dislocations with edge and screw characters are determined by means of atomic-scale simulations for the [1 0 0](0 1 0) and [0 1 0](1 0 0) slip systems. The corresponding Peierls stresses increase monotonously with increasing pressure. The edge [0 1 0](1 0 0) dislocation is found to dissociate by climb and to become sessile at high pressure (P≥80 GPa). These findings are compared with a continuum Peierls-Nabarro model and with published results in other perovskite materials. | [
"Condensed Matter Physics",
"Earth System Science"
]
|
10.1111/1365-2656.13336 | The Importance Of Individual To Society Feedbacks In Animal Ecology And Evolution | The social decisions that individuals make-who to interact with and how frequently-gives rise to social structure. The resulting social structure then determines how individuals interact with their surroundings-resources and risks, pathogens and predators, competitors and cooperators. However, despite intensive research on (i) how individuals make social decisions and (ii) how social structure shapes social processes (e. g. cooperation, competition and conflict), there are still few studies linking these two perspectives. These perspectives represent two halves of a feedback loop: individual behaviour scales up to define the social environment, and this environment, in turn, feeds back by shaping the selective agents that drive individual behaviour. We first review well-established research areas that have captured both elements of this feedback loop-host-pathogen dynamics and cultural transmission. We then highlight areas where social structure is well studied but the two perspectives remain largely disconnected. Finally, we synthesise existing research on 14 distinct research topics to identify new prospects where the interplay between social structure and social processes are likely to be important but remain largely unexplored. Our review shows that the inherent links between individuals' traits, their social decisions, social structure, and social evolution, warrant more consideration. By mapping the existing and missing connections among many research areas, our review highlights where explicitly considering social structure and the individual-to-society feedbacks can reveal new dimensions to old questions in ecology and evolution. | [
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"The Social World and Its Interactions"
]
|
interreg_1648 | Delivery and deployment of Innovative solutions for Home Care by strengthening quadruple helix cooperation and applying principles of co-creation in territorial innovation ecosystems | Based on EC sources, there will be one in three Europeans over 65 by 2060, which makes the “Silver Economy” one of the quickest growing economic domains. Regions in CE reflect this trend in their RIS3 strategies. Huge portion of Silver Economy is represented by Home care solutions. They are mostly ICT based, so the acceptance by elderly care recipients is challenging. Therefore their involvement in the design process is crucial for the success.
One of the best methods is CO-CREATION, which is a specific sample of QUADRUPLE-HELIX (QH) approach inside of OPEN INNOVATION 2.0 (OI2.0) model. Unfortunately, the level of implementation of QH approach is rather low across the CE territories and the linkages are weak or not existing. This is the key challenge for HoCare 2.0 project.
It is addressed by the main objective, which is to foster the delivery and deployment of highly innovative solutions for social and health home care thanks to co-creation approaches. The aim is to deliver SYSTEMATIC CHANGE in the territorial innovation ecosystems and shift them towards Open Innovation 2.0.
To achieve it, the LINKAGES in territorial ecosystems, especially with Society helix, needs to be strengthened. HoCare 2.0 CO-CREATION LABS, their transregional network, common Strategy and Action plan, drawing the roadmap for further shift towards OI 2.0, will contribute to this. Sustainable change will happen if SMEs delivering Home care solutions and Public providers of health and social services will adapt co-creation approach. However, to adapt it, they need to understand the positive impact of it. Therefore the project provides 2 Tools (SME and Policy Tool) and conducts Pilots as Good practices, involving 12 SMEs and 6 Public providers of public services, using co-creation.
11 partners from 6 countries (including 5 Public partners) joined forces to be the catalyst of change towards Open Innovation 2.0 ecosystems and to boost implementation of RIS3 in their territories. | [
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations",
"Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems",
"The Social World and Its Interactions",
"Human Mobility, Environment, and Space",
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
W1979892678 | Secondary burial cemeteries, visibility and land tenure: A view from the southern Levant Chalcolithic period | Abstract Off-site secondary burial cemeteries in the southern Levant are an innovation of the Chalcolithic period. Ethnographic studies suggest that location of burial places was one of the means used to establish and socially mediate ownership over the landscape. The current research examines whether the spatial pattern of burial sites during the Chalcolithic period in the southern Levant represents a land tenure system. Spatial analyses of burial and habitation sites located mainly along the central Israeli coastal area indicate that Ghassulian communities avoided locating their burial sites near habitation sites concentrations. Viewshed analysis indicates that the areas observed from burial sites are significantly larger than those observed from habitation sites, and that their location scattered across an area which increases rather than overlaps the size of area visible from the habitation sites. Furthermore, our results show that communities which wanted to claim land tenure over a larger territory use burial sites locations in order to maximize the observed area within habitation sites surroundings. | [
"The Study of the Human Past",
"Human Mobility, Environment, and Space"
]
|
10.1039/c8lc01140k | Flow focusing through gels as a tool to generate 3D concentration profiles in hydrogel-filled microfluidic chips | We present a novel extension of laminar flow patterning using Darcy flow within cured three-dimensional hydrogels for precise delivery of solutes. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
W4320020263 | Le théâtre Guyanais contemporain: entretien avec Odile Pedro Leal | Comédienne, formée au Conservatoire National Supérieur de Bordeaux, metteure en scène, auteure dramatique et directrice artistique du Grand Théâtre Itinérant de Guyane (Grand T.I.G), qui succède depuis 2017 au Guyane Art Théâtre, aussi Chargée de mission culturelle dans le Conseil Régional de Guyane entre 2010 et 2012, nous pouvons dire que Odile Pedro Leal est une femme multiple, comme la Guyane, comme le théâtre guyanais. Dans sa thèse de doctorat, Mme Pedro Leal développe le concept du théâtre caché-montré, un théâtre présent au quotidien guyanais, surtout concentré autour du Carnaval: «Le carnaval est un théâtre caché, parce qu’il se passe du tréteau ou de la scène, comme du professionnalisme de l’acteur, pour sa réalisation; et il est un théâtre montré, parce que visiblement on y joue.» (PEDRO LEAL, 2000, p. 37). | [
"Texts and Concepts",
"Studies of Cultures and Arts"
]
|
10.1007/978-3-319-53733-7_30 | On The Computational Power Of Affine Automata | We investigate the computational power of affine automata (AfAs) introduced in [4]. In particular, we present a simpler proof for how to change the cutpoint for any affine language and a method how to reduce error in bounded error case. Moreover, we address to the question of [4] by showing that any affine language can be recognized by an AfA with certain limitation on the entries of affine states and transition matrices. Lastly, we present the first languages shown to be not recognized by AfAs with bounded-error. | [
"Computer Science and Informatics"
]
|
W778408733 | Mentoring and Peer-led Interventions to Improve Quality of Life Outcomes among Adolescents with Chronic Illnesses | Advancing adolescent medicine has resulted in increased survival rates for life-limiting health conditions that are now considered chronic conditions. Due to the increased rates of chronic illnesses, the broad outcomes of community-based programs for adolescents with these illnesses need to be examined. Therefore, the present study seeks to examine community-based, mentoring and peer-led programs that have a social support component to increase quality of life outcomes for adolescents with chronic illnesses. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify articles that included a social support component to increase quality of life outcomes for adolescents with chronic illnesses. Six articles were included in the narrative analysis. Programs were divided into two types of interventions: mentoring/coaching (n=3) and peer-led interventions (n=3). A summary of each study was developed and main themes from each intervention were identified by the research team. This review found six community-based peer-led and mentoring interventions that incorporated a social support component to improve the quality of life of adolescents with chronic illnesses. Critical components for a peer-led or mentoring intervention should include social support components such as health coaching and mentoring by peers or adults. Since the nature of chronic illnesses is lengthy in duration, social support research translated | [
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases",
"The Social World and Its Interactions"
]
|
Q4878217 | LABORATORY CLINICAL ANALYSIS DOTT.SSA GINA, EVELINA COLELLA | DISBURSEMENT OF CONCESSIONS TO FACILITATE THE RECOVERY OF PRODUCTION WITH REFERENCE TO COSTS FOR RAW MATERIALS, SUBSIDIARIES, CONSUMPTION AND GOODS ARTICLE 6 PARAGRAPH 1 LETTER A OF THE NOTICE-COSTS FOR THE ENJOYMENT OF THIRD-PARTY GOODS ART. 6 PARAGRAPH 1 LETTER C OF THE NOTICE, PERSONNEL COSTS ART. 6 PARAGRAPH 1 LETTER D OF THE NOTICE | [
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations"
]
|
10.1109/TIE.2017.2733426 | Lifetime Based Power Routing In Parallel Converters For Smart Transformer Application | The use of a smart transformer-based electrical distribution could be an effective approach to reorganizing the electric grid and solving the problems and challenges of distributed generation systems and active loads. While lower efficiency and higher cost compared with the conventional transformer are well known and investigated limiting factors, the required higher maintenance, related to the use of electronics systems in the electric grid, is seldom targeted. In fact, high maintenance cost would make the use of smart transformers inapplicable even if new services could justify higher initial cost and new semiconductor development could increase the overall efficiency. This work proposes a modular repairable system based on condition monitoring, which aims at equalizing the lifetime consumption of the single modules to make possible prognostic maintenance. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
637764 | Remoteness and Connectivity: Highland Asia in the World | Asian highlands from the Afghan Pamir to Kashmir, Tibet and Northeast India are of great geopolitical concern. Remote, yet thoroughly connected to the outside world, they figure in public debate alternately as sanctuaries for transnational insurgents, as trafficking routes in the global drug and wildlife trade, and as realms of authentic tribal culture. Though making headlines around the globe as independent cases, we lack a conceptual understanding of their entanglements, role and position in a globally connected world.
The aim of this project is to lay the conceptual groundwork for a new apprehension of the positionality of remote areas around the globe. It rests on the hypothesis that remoteness and connectivity are not two independent features but constitute each other in particular ways. My objective is to explore the nexus of remoteness and connectivity – a fundamental dynamic that has never been studied from a comparative, transnational perspective. Highland Asia, the chosen study area spanning the mountain regions between Pamir and Eastern Himalaya, transcends the boundaries of nation-states and area studies. It offers a unique vantage point to reveal a bigger picture.
The project is timely. 25 years after the end of the Cold War, Highland Asia experiences a rapid increase in transnational exchange. Old trade routes closed for generations are being re-opened and the quest for natural resources and new markets attracts capital and new actors to the highlands. The hotspots of tension at the edge of Asia’s rising powers are becoming junctures of exchange. The project studies this ongoing but little understood transformation in real time.
The project will be carried out by an international team of four researchers at LMU Munich. Interdisciplinary in outlook but grounded in anthropology, 52 months of fieldwork will be conducted in 4 transnational settings in Highland Asia. Results will be published in 2 edited collections, 20 papers, and individual monographs. | [
"Human Mobility, Environment, and Space",
"Studies of Cultures and Arts"
]
|
10.1088/1367-2630/16/2/023023 | Electron Acceleration In Sub Relativistic Wakefields Driven By Few Cycle Laser Pulses | Using Particle-in-Cell simulations, we study the interaction of few mJ-few cycle laser pulses with an underdense plasma at resonant density. In this previously unexplored regime, it is found that group velocity dispersion is a key ingredient of the interaction. The concomitant effects of dispersion and plasma nonlinearities causes a deceleration of the wakefield phase velocity, which becomes sub-relativistic. Electron injection in this sub-relativistic wakefield is enhanced and leads to the production of a femtosecond electron bunch with picocoulomb of charge in the 5-10 MeV energy range. Such an electron bunch is of great interest for application to ultrafast electron diffraction. In addition, in this dispersion dominated regime, it is shown that positively chirped laser pulses can be used as a tuning knob for compensating plasma dispersion, increasing the laser amplitude during self-focusing and optimizing the trapped charge. | [
"Fundamental Constituents of Matter",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
772331 | Current Tools and Policy Challenges in Electricity Markets | The fight against climate change is among Europe’s top policy priorities. In this research agenda, I propose to push out the frontier in the area of Energy and Environmental Economics by carrying out policy-relevant research on a pressing issue: how to design optimal regulatory and market-based solutions to achieve a least cost transition towards a low-carbon economy.
The European experience provides unique natural experiments with which to test some of the most contentious issues that arise in the context of electricity markets, including the potential to change households’ demand patterns through dynamic pricing, the scope of renewables to mitigate market power and depress wholesale market prices, and the design and performance of the auctions for renewable support. While there is a body of policy work on these issues, it generally does not meet the required research standards.
In this research, I will rely on cutting-edge theoretical, empirical, and simulation tools to disentangle these topics, while providing key economic insights that are relevant beyond electricity markets. On the theory front, I propose to develop new models that incorporate the intermittency of renewables to characterize optimal bidding as a key, broadly omitted ingredient in previous analysis. In turn, these models will provide a rigorous structure for the empirical and simulation analysis, which will rely both on traditional econometrics for casual inference as well as on state-of-the-art machine learning methods to construct counterfactual scenarios for policy analysis.
While my focus is on energy and environmental issues, my research will also provide methodological contributions for other areas - particularly those related to policy design and policy evaluation. The conclusions of this research should prove valuable for academics, as well as to policy makers to assess the impact of environmental and energy policies and redefine them where necessary. | [
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations",
"Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems",
"Earth System Science"
]
|
interreg_1088 | East Mediterranean Network for the sustainable development of protected areas | The objective of the project EAST MED NET is the development of an ecologic network between the protected areas of community importance (NATURA 2000). The network of Eastern Mediterranean aims at the recording of the existing environmental and socio-economic situation in the protected areas, which will lead to the development of common management policies and the planning for the preservation of biodiversity. The final objective of the project is the promotion of the environmental awareness and the sensitization of the habitants of each one of the protected areas of the network. The project EAST MED NET involves 9 partners from three member states and 3 areas of particular ecologic importance, namely the National Parks of Northern Pindos, of Cilento and the “Natura” area of Lemnos. The high environmental value of the above-mentioned areas must be protected and further exploited towards a more sustainable development of the proper areas and of the regions to which they belong. The participation of the three Universities from Greece, Cyprus and Italy is of great importance, since they are the ones that will provide their know-how and experience for the recording of the existing environmental and socio-economic situation in the relevant areas that will enable then the involved local authorities to plan efficient strategies for the management of the areas and the promotion of the environmental sensitivity of the citizens. For this reason, the project foresees mainly the establishment of an ecologic network between the protected areas of community importance (NATURA 2000), in the framework of which there will be developed a number of activities. More specifically, the project foresees a study of the changes of the landscape during the last 20 years in all the protected areas of the network, through the use of GIS. It is also suggested the parameterization of the territorial types of the landscape and their relation with biodiversity at three levels: at the level of species for every ecotype (biodiversity a), at the level between ecotypes (biodiversity b) and at the level of landscape (biodiversity c). There is also foreseen the recording of the socio-economic changes of the last 25 years, which aims at the determination of the socio-economic forces that motivated those changes as well as the determination of the common forces between the areas of the network. Based on the results of the ecologic and socio-economic research, there will be developed scenarios of integrated management policies. These alternative management policies aim at sustainable development in accordance with the principles and practices of the Common European Environmental Policy. In addition to that, aiming at the largest possible consent of the local communities towards the suggested management policies, it has been considered as necessary the investigation and the promotion of the environmental awareness and attitude of the habitants of each one of the protected areas of the network. This knowledge and attitude will be exploited for the development of the final action plans in every area as well as for the provision of information and the sensitization of the citizens and visitors of these areas. By the end of the project there will be created a platform of information, a web-site, aiming at the sensitization of the inhabitants of the involved areas, which can also be used and exploited by tourism agents, local authorities etc, satisfying this way the outmost objective of the project which is the best possible preservation and promotion of the network’s areas. | [
"Environmental Biology, Ecology and Evolution",
"Earth System Science"
]
|
W4280588320 | EU-US Green Initiatives: Opportunities and Challenges for the Future of Transatlantic Green Partnerships | Après le rapport spécial du GIEC de 2018 sur les conséquences d’un réchauffement climatique de 1,5 degré Celsius supérieur au niveau préindustriel, les dirigeants mondiaux et la communauté internationale ont encouragé les politiques d’atténuation du climat. De nombreux pays ont dévoilé des stratégies pour lutter contre le changement climatique et satisfaire aux objectifs de l’Accord de Paris. L’Union européenne et la Corée du Sud ont été les premières à lancer un accord vert global, tandis que le Japon et la Chine ont annoncé des engagements d’émissions nettes nulles. Les États-Unis, eux, poursuivent la définition de leur posture après la fin de la présidence Trump. Compte tenu du besoin crucial de coopération internationale en matière de changement climatique, les partenariats verts entre l’Union européenne et les États-Unis – en tant qu’alliés traditionnels, mais aussi grands émetteurs – pourraient favoriser une évolution plus marquée et accélérée de l’atténuation du changement climatique sur la scène mondiale. | [
"Earth System Science",
"Institutions, Governance and Legal Systems"
]
|
10.1016/j.gca.2016.06.008 | Silicon isotopes reveal recycled altered oceanic crust in the mantle sources of Ocean Island Basalts | The study of silicon (Si) isotopes in Ocean Island Basalts (OIB) has the potential to discern between different models for the origins of geochemical heterogeneities in the mantle. Relatively large (~several per mil per atomic mass unit) Si isotope fractionation occurs in low-temperature environments during biochemical and geochemical precipitation of dissolved Si, where the precipitate is preferentially enriched in the lighter isotopes relative to the dissolved Si. In contrast, only a limited range (~tenths of a per mil) of Si isotope fractionation has been observed from high-temperature igneous processes. Therefore, Si isotopes may be useful as tracers for the presence of crustal material within OIB mantle source regions that experienced relatively low-temperature surface processes in a manner similar to other stable isotope systems, such as oxygen. Characterizing the isotopic composition of the mantle is also of central importance to the use of the Si isotope system as a basis for comparisons with other planetary bodies (e. g. , Moon, Mars, asteroids). Here we present the first comprehensive suite of high-precision Si isotope data obtained by MC-ICP-MS for a diverse suite of OIB. Samples originate from ocean islands in the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Ocean basins and include representative end-members for the EM-1, EM-2, and HIMU mantle components. On average, δ30Si values for OIB (-0. 32 ± 0. 09‰, 2 sd) are in general agreement with previous estimates for the δ30Si value of Bulk Silicate Earth (-0. 29 ± 0. 07‰, 2 sd; Savage et al. , 2014). Nonetheless, some small systematic variations are present; specifically, most HIMU-type (Mangaia; Cape Verde; La Palma, Canary Islands) and Iceland OIB are enriched in the lighter isotopes of Si (δ30Si values lower than MORB), consistent with recycled altered oceanic crust and lithospheric mantle in their mantle sources. | [
"Earth System Science",
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences"
]
|
10.1118/1.4875691 | Effects Of Small Variations Of Speed Of Sound In Optoacoustic Tomographic Imaging | Speed of sound difference in the imaged object and surrounding coupling medium may reduce the resolution and overall quality of optoacoustic tomographic reconstructions obtained by assuming a uniform acoustic medium. In this work, the authors investigate the effects of acoustic heterogeneities and discuss potential benefits of accounting for those during the reconstruction procedure. The time shift of optoacoustic signals in an acoustically heterogeneous medium is studied theoretically by comparing different continuous and discrete wave propagation models. A modification of filtered back-projection reconstruction is subsequently implemented by considering a straight acoustic rays model for ultrasound propagation. The results obtained with this reconstruction procedure are compared numerically and experimentally to those obtained assuming a heuristically fitted uniform speed of sound in both full-view and limited-view optoacoustic tomography scenarios. The theoretical analysis showcases that the errors in the time-of-flight of the signals predicted by considering the straight acoustic rays model tend to be generally small. When using this model for reconstructing simulated data, the resulting images accurately represent the theoretical ones. On the other hand, significant deviations in the location of the absorbing structures are found when using a uniform speed of sound assumption. The experimental results obtained with tissue-mimicking phantoms and a mouse postmortem are found to be consistent with the numerical simulations. Accurate analysis of effects of small speed of sound variations demonstrates that accounting for differences in the speed of sound allows improving optoacoustic reconstruction results in realistic imaging scenarios involving acoustic heterogeneities in tissues and surrounding media. | [
"Physical and Analytical Chemical Sciences",
"Condensed Matter Physics"
]
|
10.1038/srep31910 | Individual aggregates of amyloid beta induce temporary calcium influx through the cell membrane of neuronal cells | Local delivery of amyloid beta oligomers from the tip of a nanopipette, controlled over the cell surface, has been used to deliver physiological picomolar oligomer concentrations to primary astrocytes or neurons. Calcium influx was observed when as few as 2000 oligomers were delivered to the cell surface. When the dosing of oligomers was stopped the intracellular calcium returned to basal levels or below. Calcium influx was prevented by the presence in the pipette of the extracellular chaperone clusterin, which is known to selectively bind oligomers, and by the presence a specific nanobody to amyloid beta. These data are consistent with individual oligomers larger than trimers inducing calcium entry as they cross the cell membrane, a result supported by imaging experiments in bilayers, and suggest that the initial molecular event that leads to neuronal damage does not involve any cellular receptors, in contrast to work performed at much higher oligomer concentrations. | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration"
]
|
10.1093/jmcb/mjv039 | The GYF domain protein CD2BP2 is critical for embryogenesis and podocyte function | Scaffolding proteins play pivotal roles in the assembly of macromolecular machines such as the spliceosome. The adaptor protein CD2BP2, originally identified as a binding partner of the adhesion molecule CD2, is a pre-spliceosomal assembly factor that utilizes its glycine-tyrosine-phenylalanine (GYF) domain to co-localize with spliceosomal proteins. So far, its function in vertebrates is unknown. Using conditional gene targeting in mice, we show that CD2BP2 is crucial for embryogenesis, leading to growth retardation, defects in vascularization, and premature death at embryonic day 10. 5 when absent. Ablation of the protein in bone marrow-derived macrophages indicates that CD2BP2 is involved in the alternative splicing of mRNA transcripts from diverse origins. At the molecular level, we identified the phosphatase PP1 to be recruited to the spliceosome via the N-terminus of CD2BP2. Given the strong expression of CD2BP2 in podocytes of the kidney, we use selective depletion of CD2BP2, in combination with next-generation sequencing, to monitor changes in exon usage of genes critical for podocyte functions, including VEGF and actin regulators. CD2BP2-depleted podocytes display foot process effacement, and cause proteinuria and ultimately lethal kidney failure in mice. Collectively, our study defines CD2BP2 as a non-redundant splicing factor essential for embryonic development and podocyte integrity. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing"
]
|
W2370053402 | Detection of goaf water-contained distribution based on transient electromagnetic method | Aimed at identifying goaf water-contained hierarchical structure,distribution range and water-bearing situation,this paper draws on the difference of rock,coal,goaf and aquifer resistivity in different occurrence,as is evident in a mine of Jidong Country in Heilongjiang Province and introduces the efforts to achieve ground detection using transient electromagnetic instrument,analyze the change of goaf water-contained secondary filed,catch low resistance abnormal body and thus inverse imaging.The results reveal the occurrence of well-developed fissures and faults in local detection zone,the presence of water-contained goaf in No.1 and No.3 anomalies,and the presence of water-contained fissure and in No.2 anomaly area.The transient electromagnetic method detection produces results consistent with those from field drilling and promises a reliable technology in mine water control,mine flooding accident emergency rescue and coal resources integration. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Earth System Science"
]
|
W2032243803 | VPS 45-associated primary infantile myelofibrosis - Successful treatment with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation | PMF of infancy is a recently described autosomal recessive disorder presenting with severe bone marrow failure, accelerated neutrophil apoptosis, and significant platelet dysfunction, caused by a mutation in the VPS45 gene. In this study, we update our group of patients with PMF, highlighting different aspects of this disease, and evaluating the effectiveness of HSCT for the treatment of this disorder. Update of clinical data, hematological features, molecular studies, treatment and final outcome of four children diagnosed with VPS 45-associated PMF of infancy. The patients described had clinical and hematological findings consistent with MF. Molecular studies showed that all patients were homozygous for the Thr224Asn mutation in the VPS 45 gene. HSCT was carried out in three patients and was successful in two. VPS 45-associated MF is a novel primary immune deficiency that can be successfully corrected by HSCT if applied early in the course of disease using appropriate conditioning. The diagnosis of VPS 45-associated PMF should be considered in all children presenting with SCN with subsequent development of pancytopenia. Long-term follow-up of these patients is necessary to identify extra-hematological manifestations of VPS45 deficiency. | [
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems",
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration"
]
|
10.1051/0004-6361/201731985 | Calibration Of The Island Effect Experimental Validation Of Closed Loop Focal Plane Wavefront Control On Subaru Scexao | European Research Council (ERC) through the KERNEL [683029]; Astrobiology Center (ABC) of the National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Japan; Subaru Telescope | [
"Universe Sciences",
"Systems and Communication Engineering"
]
|
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.12.044 | Manipulations of attention dissociate fragile visual short-term memory from visual working memory | People often rely on information that is no longer in view, but maintained in visual short-term memory (VSTM). Traditionally, VSTM is thought to operate on either a short time-scale with high capacity - iconic memory - or a long time scale with small capacity - visual working memory. Recent research suggests that in addition, an intermediate stage of memory in between iconic memory and visual working memory exists. This intermediate stage has a large capacity and a lifetime of several seconds, but is easily overwritten by new stimulation. We therefore termed it fragile VSTM. In previous studies, fragile VSTM has been dissociated from iconic memory by the characteristics of the memory trace. In the present study, we dissociated fragile VSTM from visual working memory by showing a differentiation in their dependency on attention. A decrease in attention during presentation of the stimulus array greatly reduced the capacity of visual working memory, while this had only a small effect on the capacity of fragile VSTM. We conclude that fragile VSTM is a separate memory store from visual working memory. Thus, a tripartite division of VSTM appears to be in place, comprising iconic memory, fragile VSTM and visual working memory. | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"The Human Mind and Its Complexity"
]
|
Q12779 | Advisory services on innovation of critical parts of nozzle and stopper | The subject of the provision of the service, which will be carried out on the basis of the result of the selection procedure, is an analytical, development, application and advisory activity in the field of innovation in order to ensure functional requirements and service life of nozzle parts and stoppers of the hydroforming press used in the production of two types of products of stainless steel thin-walled U-shaped profiles in the production process of ATTL. a. | [
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Materials Engineering"
]
|
10.1016/j.jjie.2019.02.005 | Misfits in the car industry: Offshore assembly decisions at the variety level | This paper estimates the role of country-variety comparative advantage in the decision to offshore assembly of more than 2000 models of 197 car brands headquartered in 23 countries. While offshoring in the car industry has risen from 2000 to 2016, the top five offshoring brands account for half the car assembly relocated to low-wage countries. We show that the decision to offshore a particular car model depends on two types of cost (dis)advantage of the home country relative to foreign locations. The first type, the assembly costs common to all models, is estimated via a structural triadic gravity equation. The second effect, model-level comparative advantage, is an interaction between proxies for the model's skill and capital intensity and headquarter country's abundance in these factors. | [
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations",
"Products and Processes Engineering"
]
|
203929 | Acency Costs and Asset Pricing | The main objective of this research project is to contribute at bridging the gap between the two main branches of financial theory, namely corporate finance and asset pricing. It is motivated by the conviction that these two aspects of financial activity should and can be analyzed within a unified framework. This research will borrow from these two approaches in order to construct theoretical models that allow one to analyze the design and issuance of financial securities, as well as the dynamics of their valuations. Unlike asset pricing, which takes as given the price of the fundamentals, the goal is to derive security price processes from a precise description of firm’s operations and internal frictions. Regarding the latter, and in line with traditional corporate finance theory, the analysis will emphasize the role of agency costs within the firm for the design of its securities. But the analysis will be pushed one step further by studying the impact of these agency costs on key financial variables such as stock and bond prices, leverage, book-to-market ratios, default risk, or the holding of liquidities by firms. One of the contributions of this research project is to show how these variables are interrelated when firms and investors agree upon optimal financial arrangements. The final objective is to derive a rich set of testable asset pricing implications that would eventually be brought to the data. | [
"Individuals, Markets and Organisations"
]
|
W1990956786 | Effective Falls Detection Method Using Two Tri-Axial Accelerometers | Falls detection systems have been developed in recent years because falls are detrimental events that can have a devastating effect on health of the elderly population. Current fall detecting methods mainly employ accelerometer to discriminate falls from activities of daily living (ADL). However, this makes it difficult to distinguish real falls from certain fall-like activities such as jogging and jumping. In this paper, an accurate fall detection system was implemented using two tri-axial accelerometers. By attaching the accelerometers on the chest and the abdomen, our system can effectively differentiate between falls and non-fall events.The Diff_Z and Sum_diff_Z parameter resulted in falls detection rate of 100%, respectively. | [
"Systems and Communication Engineering",
"Computer Science and Informatics",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
174581 | Associating literature and the imaginary with science: early years education | Our project fits into the narrative movement in scientific literacy but defends a different position with regard to children’s literature in science. We do not see a division between science and literature but rather a fertile convergence between the construction of a storyline and the activity of scientific “problematization”, a process at the heart of scientific learning. We believe that reading certain fictional narratives offers a conductive environment for engaging young children in scientific questioning. The meaning of the fictional narrative arises from the conflict between the elements of fiction and the elements of reality, between what is within the realms of possibility and what reflects the truth. In contrast, it is through fictional events that natural world phenomena can be questioned. Stories invent a “possible world” which forces the reader back to knowledge of the real world in order to understand it. Following Bruner, we attribute an epistemic aim to some fictional narratives. This project seeks to understand how pupils aged 3-11 years get involved in science within and outside school based on the reading of fictional picture books with the aim of giving teachers the means to develop integrated teaching systems (science and literature): to what extent does reading fictional storybooks lead children to test their representations of the animal world, and more specifically metamorphosis? We will work with a body of “realistic fiction”-type children’s storybooks that bring into play the idea of metamorphosis. We will identify the literary sources to which pupils aged between 3-11 years refer spontaneously when they talk about animal transformations. We will analyse the mechanisms which give rise to the children’s questioning about the metamorphosis of animals as well as comprehending the nature and coherence of this questioning with regard to the stories themselves. | [
"Texts and Concepts",
"The Human Mind and Its Complexity"
]
|
10.1051/0004-6361/201425319 | Unveiling The Near Infrared Structure Of The Massive Young Stellar Object Ngc 3603 Irs 9A With Sparse Aperture Masking And Spectroastrometry | Context. Contemporary theory holds that massive stars gather mass during their initial phases via accreting disk-like structures. However, conclusive evidence for disks has remained elusive for most massive young objects. This is mainly due to significant observational challenges: objects are rare and located at great distances within dusty, highly opaque environments. Incisive studies, even targeting individual objects, are therefore relevant to the progression of the field. NGC 3603 IRS 9A* is a young massive stellar object that is still surrounded by an envelope of molecular gas for which previous mid-infrared observations with long-baseline interferometry have provided evidence of a plausible disk of 50 mas diameter at its core. Aims. This work aims at a comprehensive study of the physics and morphology of IRS 9A at near-infrared wavelengths. Methods. New sparse aperture-masking interferometry data, taken with the near-infrared camera NACO of the Very Large Telescope (VLT) at Ks and L′ wavelengths, were analyzed together with archival high-resolution H2 and Brγ lines obtained with the cryogenic high-resolution infrared schelle spectrograph (CRIRES). Results. The trends in the calibrated visibilities at Ks and L′-bands suggest the presence of a partially resolved compact object with an angular size of ≤30 mas at the core of IRS 9A, together with the presence of over-resolved flux. The spectroastrometric signal of the H2 line, obtained from the CRIRES spectra, shows that this spectral feature proceeds from the large-scale extended emission (~300 mas), while the Brγ line appears to be formed at the core of the object (~20 mas). To better understand the physics that drive IRS 9A, we have performed continuum radiative transfer modeling. Our best model supports the existence of a compact disk with an angular diameter of 20 mas, together with an outer envelope of 1′′ exhibiting a polar cavity with an opening angle of ~30°. This model reproduces the MIR morphology that has previously been derived in the literature and also matches the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the source. Conclusions. Our observations and modeling of IRS 9A support the presence of a disk at the core, surrounded by an envelope. This scenario is consistent with the brightness distribution (SED) of the source for near- and mid-infrared wavelengths at various spatial scales. However, our model suffers from remaining inconsistencies between SED modelling and the interferometric data. Moreover, the Brγ spectroastrometric signal indicates that the core of IRS 9A exhibits some form of complexity such as asymmetries in the disk. Future high-resolution observations are required to confirm the disk/envelope model and to flesh out the details of the physical form of the inner regions of IRS 9A. | [
"Universe Sciences"
]
|
10.1038/srep07870 | A closer look at the apparent correlation of structural and functional connectivity in excitable neural networks | The relationship between the structural connectivity (SC) and functional connectivity (FC) of neural systems is a central focus in brain network science. It is an open question, however, how strongly the SC-FC relationship depends on specific topological features of brain networks or the models used for describing excitable dynamics. Using a basic model of discrete excitable units that follow a susceptible - excited - refractory dynamic cycle (SER model), we here analyze how functional connectivity is shaped by the topological features of a neural network, in particular its modularity. We compared the results obtained by the SER model with corresponding simulations by another well established dynamic mechanism, the Fitzhugh-Nagumo model, in order to explore general features of the SC-FC relationship. We showed that apparent discrepancies between the results produced by the two models can be resolved by adjusting the time window of integration of co-activations from which the FC is derived, providing a clearer distinction between co-activations and sequential activations. Thus, network modularity appears as an important factor shaping the FC-SC relationship across different dynamic models. | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"Mathematics"
]
|
W2057597223 | Glycemic load and coronary heart disease in a Mediterranean population: The EPIC Greek cohort study | High glycemic load (GL) has been associated with increased coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. We evaluated whether preference of low-GL foods conveys incremental benefits with respect to CHD, especially to people adhering to the traditional Mediterranean diet (MD).We analyzed data from the Greek European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, including 20,275 participants free of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, or diabetes at baseline and without incident diabetes. Subjects completed a validated, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire at enrollment. We calculated a 10-point MD adherence score and the dietary GL, and estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for CHD incidence and mortality through Cox proportional hazard regression. After a median follow-up of 10.4 years, 417 participants developed CHD, and 162 died from the disease. A significant positive association of GL with CHD incidence emerged (HR for the highest versus the lowest tertile = 1.41, 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.05-1.90). HRs for CHD mortality exceeded unity but were not statistically significant. The association with GL was stronger among subjects with higher body mass index. High adherence to MD with low/moderate GL was associated with lower risk of CHD incidence (HR = 0.61, CI: 0.39-0.95) and mortality (HR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.23-96).High dietary GL increases the risk of CHD. Compared to a high GL diet with suboptimal adherence to the traditional Mediterranean pattern, a low/moderate GL diet that also conforms to the traditional MD principles could lead to a 40% reduced risk for CHD, and over 50% reduced risk for death from CHD. | [
"Physiology in Health, Disease and Ageing",
"Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases"
]
|
803711 | Equidistribution, fractal measures and arithmetic | The subject of this proposal lies at the crossroads of analysis, additive combinatorics, number theory and fractal geometry exploring equidistribution phenomena for random walks on groups and group actions and regularity properties of self-similar, self-affine and Furstenberg boundary measures and other kinds of stationary measures. Many of the problems I will study in this project are deeply linked with problems in number theory, such as bounds for the separation between algebraic numbers, Lehmer's conjecture and irreducibility of polynomials.
The central aim of the project is to gain insight into and eventually resolve problems in several main directions including the following. I will address the main challenges that remain in our understanding of the spectral gap of averaging operators on finite groups and Lie groups and I will study the applications of such estimates. I will build on the dramatic recent progress on a problem of Erdos from 1939 regarding Bernoulli convolutions. I will also investigate other families of fractal measures. I will examine the arithmetic properties (such as irreducibility and their Galois groups) of generic polynomials with bounded coefficients and in other related families of polynomials.
While these lines of research may seem unrelated, both the problems and the methods I propose to study them are deeply connected. | [
"Mathematics"
]
|
10.1111/tra.12244 | LYST Controls the Biogenesis of the Endosomal Compartment Required for Secretory Lysosome Function | Chediak-Higashi syndrome (CHS) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding LYST protein, the function of which remains poorly understood. Prominent features of CHS include defective secretory lysosome exocytosis and the presence of enlarged, lysosome-like organelles in several cell types. In order to get further insight into the role of LYST in the biogenesis and exocytosis of cytotoxic granules, we analyzed cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) from patients with CHS. Using confocal microscopy and correlative light electron microscopy, we showed that the enlarged organelle in CTLs is a hybrid compartment that contains proteins components from recycling-late endosomes and lysosomes. Enlargement of cytotoxic granules results from the progressive clustering and then fusion of normal-sized endolysosomal organelles. At the immunological synapse (IS) in CHS CTLs, cytotoxic granules have limited motility and appear docked while nevertheless unable to degranulate. By increasing the expression of effectors of lytic granule exocytosis, such as Munc13-4, Rab27a and Slp3, in CHS CTLs, we were able to restore the dynamics and the secretory ability of cytotoxic granules at the IS. Our results indicate that LYST is involved in the trafficking of the effectors involved in exocytosis required for the terminal maturation of perforin-containing vesicles into secretory cytotoxic granules. | [
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Immunity, Infection and Immunotherapy"
]
|
10.1371/journal.pgen.1006394 | The RTR Complex Partner RMI2 and the DNA Helicase RTEL1 Are Both Independently Involved in Preserving the Stability of 45S rDNA Repeats in Arabidopsis thaliana | The stability of repetitive sequences in complex eukaryotic genomes is safeguarded by factors suppressing homologues recombination. Prominent in this is the role of the RTR complex. In plants, it consists of the RecQ helicase RECQ4A, the topoisomerase TOP3α and RMI1. Like mammals, but not yeast, plants harbor an additional complex partner, RMI2. Here, we demonstrate that, in Arabidopsis thaliana, RMI2 is involved in the repair of aberrant replication intermediates in root meristems as well as in intrastrand crosslink repair. In both instances, RMI2 is involved independently of the DNA helicase RTEL1. Surprisingly, simultaneous loss of RMI2 and RTEL1 leads to loss of male fertility. As both the RTR complex and RTEL1 are involved in suppression of homologous recombination (HR), we tested the efficiency of HR in the double mutant rmi2-2 rtel1-1 and found a synergistic enhancement (80-fold). Searching for natural target sequences we found that RTEL1 is required for stabilizing 45S rDNA repeats. In the double mutant with rmi2-2 the number of 45S rDNA repeats is further decreased sustaining independent roles of both factors in this process. Thus, loss of suppression of HR does not only lead to a destabilization of rDNA repeats but might be especially deleterious for tissues undergoing multiple cell divisions such as the male germline. | [
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Cell Biology, Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems"
]
|
10.1016/j.bbr.2016.05.019 | Social predisposition dependent neuronal activity in the intermediate medial mesopallium of domestic chicks (Gallus gallus domesticus) | Species from phylogenetically distant animal groups, such as birds and primates including humans, share early experience-independent social predispositions that cause offspring, soon after birth, to attend to and learn about conspecifics. One example of this phenomenon is provided by the behaviour of newly-hatched visually-naïve domestic chicks that preferentially approach a stimulus resembling a conspecific (a stuffed fowl) rather than a less naturalistic object (a scrambled version of the stuffed fowl). However, the neuronal mechanisms underlying this behaviour are mostly unknown. Here we analysed chicks' brain activity with immunohistochemical detection of the transcription factor c-Fos. In a spontaneous choice test we confirmed a significant preference for approaching the stuffed fowl over a texture fowl (a fowl that was cut in small pieces attached to the sides of a box in scrambled order). Comparison of brain activation of a subgroup of chicks that approached either one or the other stimulus revealed differential activation in an area relevant for imprinting (IMM, intermediate medial mesopallium), suggesting that a different level of plasticity is associated with approach to naturalistic and artificial stimuli. c-Fos immunoreactive neurons were present also in the intermediate layers of the optic tectum (a plausible candidate for processing early social predispositions) showing a trend similar to the results for the IMM. | [
"Neuroscience and Disorders of the Nervous System",
"Molecules of Life: Biological Mechanisms, Structures and Functions",
"Integrative Biology: from Genes and Genomes to Systems"
]
|
218581 | Additive micro-manufacturing for plastic micro-flectro-mechanical-systems | The manufacturing of silicon-based MEMS today is well advanced because the micro-electro-mechanical devices for automotive, domestic, health-care and consumer electronics can be fabricated with methods from IC industry. Polymer-based MEMS have a great potential for flexible electronics and biomedical applications, but to date, the techniques to engineer functional polymers into 3D microsystems, are still at their beginning because a coherent fabrication platform with the right tools and processes does not yet exist. The field could tremendously benefit from a coordinated effort in materials and manufacturing, in particular with a focus on biocompatible plastic materials for biomedical applications. Additive manufacturing such as 3D printing and associated processing such as sintering has already started to transform traditional industry, but is not scalable much below a micrometer because the thermal processing is done in bulk or by lasers on surfaces. MEMS 4.0, in analogy with the industry 4.0 concept, aims to perform concerted research in additive manufacturing at the micro/nanoscale and associated key techniques. Using my expertise in MEMS and Nanotechnology, MEMS 4.0 will push the frontiers in new materials and new processing for MEMS by setting a focus on stencilling, printing, self-assembly and local thermal processing. This coherent processing framework will permit the use of delicate, soft, polymer materials to engineer the next generations of plastic MEMS. We are primarily targeting biodegradable implantable MEMS and permanently implantable glassy carbon MEMS. They are the most challenging to fabricate, but if successful, they also have an enormous impact for future wearables and implantables. | [
"Materials Engineering",
"Products and Processes Engineering",
"Synthetic Chemistry and Materials"
]
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.