ProfessorBob/relation_extraction · Datasets at Hugging Face

triplets list	passage stringlengths 0 32.9k	label stringlengths 4 48 ⌀	label_id int64 0 1k ⌀	synonyms list	__index_level_1__ int64 312 64.1k ⌀	__index_level_0__ int64 0 2.4k ⌀
[ "Microsoft Academic", "main subject", "convention" ]		null	null	null	null	9
[ "Microsoft Academic", "uses", "Microsoft Academic Graph" ]		null	null	null	null	12
[ "Microsoft Academic", "replaces", "Microsoft Academic Search" ]		null	null	null	null	15
[ "Microsoft Academic", "main subject", "repository" ]		null	null	null	null	19
[ "Kashō", "followed by", "Ninju" ]	Kashō (嘉祥), also known as Kajō, was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, "year name") after Jōwa and before Ninju. This period spanned the years from June 848 through April 851. The reigning emperors were Ninmyō-tennō (仁明天皇) and Montoku-tennō (文徳天皇).	null	null	null	null	1
[ "Kashō", "follows", "Jōwa" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Kashō", "replaces", "Jōwa" ]	Kashō (嘉祥), also known as Kajō, was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, "year name") after Jōwa and before Ninju. This period spanned the years from June 848 through April 851. The reigning emperors were Ninmyō-tennō (仁明天皇) and Montoku-tennō (文徳天皇).Change of era February 9, 848 Kashō gannen (嘉祥元年): The new era name Kashō (meaning "good augury") was created because a white tortoise was discovered in Bungo province, and it was duly presented to the emperor. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in Jōwa 15, on the 13th day of the 6th month of 848.	null	null	null	null	4
[ "Metropolis GZM", "different from", "Upper Silesian metropolitan area" ]		null	null	null	null	2
[ "Metropolis GZM", "replaces", "Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Habscht", "topic's main category", "Category:Habscht" ]	== References ==	null	null	null	null	8
[ "Habscht", "replaces", "Hobscheid" ]	Habscht is a commune in central Luxembourg, in the canton of Capellen. It was established on 1 January 2018 from the amalgamation of the communes of Hobscheid and Septfontaines.	null	null	null	null	9
[ "Habscht", "different from", "Hobscheid" ]	Habscht is a commune in central Luxembourg, in the canton of Capellen. It was established on 1 January 2018 from the amalgamation of the communes of Hobscheid and Septfontaines.	null	null	null	null	10
[ "Habscht", "replaces", "Septfontaines" ]	Habscht is a commune in central Luxembourg, in the canton of Capellen. It was established on 1 January 2018 from the amalgamation of the communes of Hobscheid and Septfontaines.	null	null	null	null	14
[ "Modern kana usage", "replaces", "historical kana orthography" ]		null	null	null	null	1
[ "Ōhori Park", "replaces", "Fukuoka Castle" ]		null	null	null	null	2
[ "Ōhori Park", "connects with", "Ōhorikōen Station" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Ōhori Park", "connects with", "Meiji-dōri (Fukuoka)" ]		null	null	null	null	12
[ "Ōhori Park", "connects with", "Fukuoka Prefectural Road Route 556" ]		null	null	null	null	16
[ "Ōhori Park", "connects with", "Kokutai-dōro" ]		null	null	null	null	22
[ "Ōhori Park", "connects with", "Chiyo-imajuku Street" ]		null	null	null	null	25
[ "Ōhori Park", "connects with", "5th Moat of Fukuoka Castle" ]		null	null	null	null	27
[ "Jōyō kanji", "topic's main category", "Category:Common kanji" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Jōyō kanji", "replaces", "Tōyō kanji" ]	The jōyō kanji (常用漢字, Japanese pronunciation: [dʑoːjoːkaꜜɲdʑi], lit. "regular-use kanji") is the guide to kanji characters and their readings, announced officially by the Japanese Ministry of Education. Current jōyō kanji are those on a list of 2,136 characters issued in 2010. It is a slightly modified version of the tōyō kanji, which was the initial list of secondary school-level kanji standardized after World War II. The list is not a comprehensive list of all characters and readings in regular use; rather, it is intended as a literacy baseline for those who have completed compulsory education, as well as a list of permitted characters and readings for use in official government documents. Due to the requirement that official government documents make use of only jōyō kanji and their readings, several rare characters are also included due to their use in the Constitution of Japan, which was being written at the same time the original 1,850-character tōyō kanji list was compiled. The 2,136 kanji in the jōyō kanji consist of:	null	null	null	null	9
[ "Microsoft Compiled HTML Help", "follows", "WinHelp" ]		null	null	null	null	1
[ "Microsoft Compiled HTML Help", "replaces", "WinHelp" ]	Microsoft Compiled HTML Help is a Microsoft proprietary online help format, consisting of a collection of HTML pages, an index and other navigation tools. The files are compressed and deployed in a binary format with the extension .CHM, for Compiled HTML. The format is often used for software documentation. It was introduced as the successor to Microsoft WinHelp with the release of Windows 95 OSR 2.5 and consequently, Windows 98. Within the Windows NT family, the CHM file support is introduced in Windows NT 4.0 and is still supported in Windows 11. Although the format was designed by Microsoft, it has been successfully reverse-engineered and is now supported in many document viewer applications.History Microsoft has announced that they do not intend to add any new features to HTML Help.	null	null	null	null	2
[ "Microsoft Compiled HTML Help", "based on", "LZX" ]	Data compression (using LZX) Built-in search engine Ability to merge multiple .chm help files Extended character support, although it does not fully support Unicode.	null	null	null	null	3
[ "Microsoft Compiled HTML Help", "based on", "HTML" ]	Microsoft Compiled HTML Help is a Microsoft proprietary online help format, consisting of a collection of HTML pages, an index and other navigation tools. The files are compressed and deployed in a binary format with the extension .CHM, for Compiled HTML. The format is often used for software documentation. It was introduced as the successor to Microsoft WinHelp with the release of Windows 95 OSR 2.5 and consequently, Windows 98. Within the Windows NT family, the CHM file support is introduced in Windows NT 4.0 and is still supported in Windows 11. Although the format was designed by Microsoft, it has been successfully reverse-engineered and is now supported in many document viewer applications.File format Help is delivered as a binary file with the .chm extension. It contains a set of HTML files, a hyperlinked table of contents, and an index file. The file format has been reverse-engineered and documentation of it is freely available.The file starts with bytes "ITSF" (in ASCII), for "Info-Tech Storage Format", which is the internal name given by Microsoft to the generic storage file format used in with CHM files.CHM files support the following features:Data compression (using LZX) Built-in search engine Ability to merge multiple .chm help files Extended character support, although it does not fully support Unicode.	null	null	null	null	5
[ "Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus", "founded by", "P. T. Barnum" ]	The Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus (also known as the Ringling Bros. Circus, Ringling Bros., the Barnum & Bailey Circus, Barnum & Bailey, or simply Ringling) is an American traveling circus company billed as The Greatest Show on Earth. It and its predecessor shows ran from 1871 to 2017. Known as Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey, the circus started in 1919 when the Barnum & Bailey's Greatest Show on Earth, a circus created by P. T. Barnum and James Anthony Bailey, was merged with the Ringling Bros. World's Greatest Shows. The Ringling brothers had purchased Barnum & Bailey Ltd. following Bailey's death in 1906, but ran the circuses separately until they were merged in 1919. After 1957, the circus no longer exhibited under its own portable "big top" tents, instead using permanent venues such as sports stadiums and arenas. In 1967, Irvin Feld and his brother Israel, along with Houston Judge Roy Hofheinz, bought the circus from the Ringling family. In 1971, the Felds and Hofheinz sold the circus to Mattel, buying it back from the toy company in 1981. Since the death of Irvin Feld in 1984, the circus had been a part of Feld Entertainment, an international entertainment firm headed by his son Kenneth Feld, with its headquarters in Ellenton, Florida. With weakening attendance, many animal rights protests, and high operating costs, the circus performed its final show on May 21, 2017, at Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum and closed after 146 years.On May 18, 2022, after a five-year hiatus, Feld Entertainment announced that the circus would resume touring in the fall of 2023, but without animals.	null	null	null	null	4
[ "Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus", "replaces", "Ringling Brothers Circus" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus", "founded by", "James Anthony Bailey" ]		null	null	null	null	7
[ "Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus", "founded by", "Ringling brothers" ]		null	null	null	null	8
[ "Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus", "topic's main category", "Category:Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus" ]	In 1871, Dan Castello and William Cameron Coup persuaded Barnum to come out of retirement to lend his name, know-how, and financial backing to the circus they had already created in Delavan, Wisconsin. The combined show was named "P.T. Barnum's Great Traveling Museum, Menagerie, Caravan, and Hippodrome". As described by Barnum, Castello and Coup "had a show that was truly immense, and combined all the elements of museum, menagerie, variety performance, concert hall, and circus", and considered it to potentially be "the Greatest Show on Earth", which subsequently became part of the circus's name.Independently of Castello and Coup, James Anthony Bailey had teamed up with James E. Cooper to create the Cooper and Bailey Circus in the 1860s. The Cooper and Bailey Circus became the chief competitor to Barnum's circus. As Bailey's circus was outperforming his, Barnum sought to merge the circuses. The two groups agreed to combine their shows on March 28, 1881. Initially named "P.T. Barnum's Greatest Show On Earth, And The Great London Circus, Sanger's Royal British Menagerie and The Grand International Allied Shows United", it was eventually shortened to "Barnum and Bailey's Circus". Bailey was instrumental in acquiring Jumbo, advertised as the world's largest elephant, for the show. After Jumbo died, Barnum donated his taxidermied remains to Tufts University on whose Board of Trustees Barnum served as one of Tufts' first trustees. The Barnum Museum of Natural History opened in 1884 on the Tufts campus and Jumbo was a prominent part of the display. To this day the Tufts athletic mascot is Jumbo and its athletic teams are referred to as the "Jumbos". Barnum died in 1891 and Bailey then purchased the circus from his widow. Bailey continued touring the Eastern United States until he took his circus to Europe. That tour started on December 27, 1897, and lasted until 1902.Separately, in 1884, five of the seven Ringling brothers had started a small circus in Baraboo, Wisconsin. This was about the same time that Barnum & Bailey were at the peak of their popularity. Similar to dozens of small circuses that toured the Midwestern United States and the Northeastern United States at the time, the brothers moved their circus from town to town in small animal-drawn caravans. Their circus rapidly grew and they were soon able to move their circus by train, which allowed them to have the largest traveling amusement enterprise of that time. Bailey's European tour gave the Ringling brothers an opportunity to move their show from the Midwest to the eastern seaboard. Faced with the new competition, Bailey took his show west of the Rocky Mountains for the first time in 1905. He died the next year, and the circus was sold to the Ringling Brothers.Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus The Ringlings purchased the Barnum & Bailey Greatest Show on Earth in 1907 and ran the circuses separately until 1919. By that time, Charles Edward Ringling and John Nicholas Ringling were the only remaining brothers of the five who founded the circus. They decided that it was too difficult to run the two circuses independently, and on March 29, 1919, "Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Combined Shows" debuted in New York City. The posters declared, "The Ringling Bros. World's Greatest Shows and the Barnum & Bailey Greatest Show on Earth are now combined into one record-breaking giant of all exhibitions." Charles E. Ringling died in 1926, but the circus flourished through the Roaring Twenties.John Ringling had the circus move its headquarters to Sarasota, Florida in 1927.In 1929, the American Circus Corporation signed a contract to perform in New York City. John Ringling purchased American Circus, owner of five circuses, for $1.7 million.In 1938, the circus made a lucrative offer to Frank Buck, a well-known adventurer and animal collector, to tour as their star attraction and to enter the show astride an elephant. He refused to join the American Federation of Actors, stating that he was "a scientist, not an actor." Though there was a threat of a strike if he did not join the union, he maintained that he would not compromise his principles, saying, "Don't get me wrong. I'm with the working man. I worked like a dog once myself. And my heart is with the fellow who works. But I don't want some ... union delegate telling me when to get on and off an elephant." Eventually, the union gave Buck a special dispensation to introduce Gargantua the gorilla without registering as an actor.	null	null	null	null	9
[ "Microsoft Store", "has use", "video on demand" ]		null	null	null	null	6
[ "Microsoft Store", "replaces", "Windows Phone Store" ]		null	null	null	null	7
[ "Microsoft Store", "has use", "app store" ]	Windows 8 Microsoft first announced Windows Store, a digital distribution service for Windows at its presentation during the Build developer conference on September 13, 2011. Further details announced during the conference revealed that the store would be able to hold listings for both certified traditional Windows apps, as well as what were called "Metro-style apps" at the time: tightly-sandboxed software based on Microsoft design guidelines that are constantly monitored for quality and compliance. For consumers, Windows Store is intended to be the only way to obtain Metro-style apps. While announced alongside the "Developer Preview" release of Windows 8, Windows Store itself did not become available until the "Consumer Preview", released in February 2012.Updates to apps published on the store after July 1, 2019, are no longer available to Windows 8 RTM users. Per Microsoft lifecycle policies, the RTM version of Windows 8 has been unsupported since January 12, 2016, excluding some Embedded editions, as well its server equivalent, Windows Server 2012.Store features Microsoft Store is the primary means of distributing Universal Windows Platform (UWP) apps to users. Sideloading apps from outside the store is supported on Windows 10 on an opt-in basis, but Windows 8 only allows sideloading to be enabled if the device is running the Enterprise edition of Windows 8 on a domain. Sideloading on Windows RT, Windows 8 Pro, and on Windows 8 Enterprise computers without a domain affiliation, requires the purchase of additional licenses through volume licensing. Individual developers are able to register for US$19 and companies for US$99.Initially, Microsoft took a 30% cut of app sales until it reached US$25,000 in revenue, after which the cut dropped to 20%. On January 1, 2015, the reduction in cut at $25,000 was removed, and Microsoft takes a 30% cut of all app purchases, regardless of overall sales. As of August 1, 2021, Microsoft only takes a 12% cut of app sales. Third-party transactions are also allowed, of which Microsoft does not take a cut.	null	null	null	null	9
[ "Microsoft Store", "replaces", "Xbox Games Store" ]		null	null	null	null	10
[ "Microsoft Store", "replaces", "Windows Marketplace" ]	History The Web-based storefront Microsoft previously maintained a similar digital distribution system for software known as Windows Marketplace, which allowed customers to purchase software online. The marketplace tracked product keys and licenses, allowing users to retrieve their purchases when switching computers. Windows Marketplace was discontinued in November 2008. At this point, Microsoft opened a Web-based storefront called "Microsoft Store".	null	null	null	null	12
[ "Microsoft Store", "has use", "digital distribution platform" ]	History The Web-based storefront Microsoft previously maintained a similar digital distribution system for software known as Windows Marketplace, which allowed customers to purchase software online. The marketplace tracked product keys and licenses, allowing users to retrieve their purchases when switching computers. Windows Marketplace was discontinued in November 2008. At this point, Microsoft opened a Web-based storefront called "Microsoft Store".Windows 8 Microsoft first announced Windows Store, a digital distribution service for Windows at its presentation during the Build developer conference on September 13, 2011. Further details announced during the conference revealed that the store would be able to hold listings for both certified traditional Windows apps, as well as what were called "Metro-style apps" at the time: tightly-sandboxed software based on Microsoft design guidelines that are constantly monitored for quality and compliance. For consumers, Windows Store is intended to be the only way to obtain Metro-style apps. While announced alongside the "Developer Preview" release of Windows 8, Windows Store itself did not become available until the "Consumer Preview", released in February 2012.Updates to apps published on the store after July 1, 2019, are no longer available to Windows 8 RTM users. Per Microsoft lifecycle policies, the RTM version of Windows 8 has been unsupported since January 12, 2016, excluding some Embedded editions, as well its server equivalent, Windows Server 2012.Store features Microsoft Store is the primary means of distributing Universal Windows Platform (UWP) apps to users. Sideloading apps from outside the store is supported on Windows 10 on an opt-in basis, but Windows 8 only allows sideloading to be enabled if the device is running the Enterprise edition of Windows 8 on a domain. Sideloading on Windows RT, Windows 8 Pro, and on Windows 8 Enterprise computers without a domain affiliation, requires the purchase of additional licenses through volume licensing. Individual developers are able to register for US$19 and companies for US$99.Initially, Microsoft took a 30% cut of app sales until it reached US$25,000 in revenue, after which the cut dropped to 20%. On January 1, 2015, the reduction in cut at $25,000 was removed, and Microsoft takes a 30% cut of all app purchases, regardless of overall sales. As of August 1, 2021, Microsoft only takes a 12% cut of app sales. Third-party transactions are also allowed, of which Microsoft does not take a cut.	null	null	null	null	17
[ "Ankang Fuqiang Airport", "replaces", "Ankang Wulipu Airport" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Helperknapp", "topic's main category", "Category:Helperknapp" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Helperknapp", "replaces", "Tuntange" ]		null	null	null	null	6
[ "Helperknapp", "replaces", "Boevange-sur-Attert" ]		null	null	null	null	8
[ "Helperknapp", "different from", "Helperknapp" ]		null	null	null	null	10
[ "Binhai", "replaces", "Tanggu District" ]		null	null	null	null	1
[ "Binhai", "replaces", "Hangu District" ]		null	null	null	null	2
[ "Binhai", "topic's main category", "Category:Binhai New District" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Binhai", "replaces", "Dagang District" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Patriotic People's Front", "replaces", "Hungarian Independence People's Front" ]	History The Hungarian Front (Magyar Front) was founded by the Hungarian Communist Party (then briefly known as the Peace Party) as a resistance movement against the occupation of Hungary by Nazi German forces during World War II and included the Social Democratic Party (MSZDP), the Independent Smallholders' Party (FKgP) and the National Peasant Party (NPP). The Hungarian Front was replaced by the Hungarian National Independence Front (Magyar Nemzeti Függetlenségi Front, MNFF) on 2 December 1944 which also included the Civic Democratic Party (PDP).On 1 February 1949, the MNFF become the Hungarian Independence People's Front (MFN), a popular front like in other Communist countries. By this time, the Front was dominated by the MDP (as the Communist Party had been renamed following a merger with the Social Democrats). The non-Communist parties in the Front had been taken over by fellow travellers who turned their parties into loyal partners of the MDP. As such, the MFN took on the same character as similar groupings in the emerging Soviet bloc. The non-Communist members became subservient to the MDP, and had to accept the MDP's "leading role" as a condition of their continued existence. Under these circumstances, voters were presented with a single list from the MFN at the 1949 elections. The Communist-dominated legislature chosen at this election enacted a new, Soviet-style Constitution, which formally marked the onset of out-and-out Communist rule in Hungary. Elections were held under similar conditions in 1953. Under Imre Nagy (22–24 October 1954), the MFN was reorganised as the Patriotic People's Front (HNF). During the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, the MSzMP replaced the MDP as the dominant force in the HNF. Under the somewhat more moderate goulash Communism of János Kádár, the HNF still had near-complete control over the electoral system. As such, at all elections from 1958 to 1985, voters were presented with a single list of HNF candidates. The Constitution charged the HNF with leading the nation in "complete building up of socialism, for the solution of political, economic, and cultural tasks." While more than one candidate could stand in at least some constituencies after 1966, all prospective candidates had to accept the HNF program to be eligible. The MSzMP used the HNF to actively mobilize against candidates it deemed unacceptable. This made it extremely difficult for independent candidates to get on the ballot. Through the HNF, the MSzMP was able to effectively predetermine the composition of the legislature. In about 1990, the HNF became the Patriotic Electoral Coalition.	null	null	null	null	2
[ "Patriotic People's Front", "topic's main category", "Category:Hazafias Népfront" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Sakhalin Railway", "located on terrain feature", "Sakhalin" ]	Sakhalin Railway (Russian: Сахалинская железная дорога) is one of the railway division under Far Eastern Railway that primarily serves in Sakhalin Island. Due to its island location, the railway becomes the second isolated 1520mm gauge network in Russia, like the Norilsk railway. The only main connection to the mainland is the Vanino–Kholmsk train ferry. The management is located at Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk.	null	null	null	null	1
[ "Sakhalin Railway", "owned by", "Russian Railways" ]	Sakhalin Railway (Russian: Сахалинская железная дорога) is one of the railway division under Far Eastern Railway that primarily serves in Sakhalin Island. Due to its island location, the railway becomes the second isolated 1520mm gauge network in Russia, like the Norilsk railway. The only main connection to the mainland is the Vanino–Kholmsk train ferry. The management is located at Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk.History The Treaty of Portsmouth following the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05 placed the northern half of Sakhalin under the control of the Russian Empire, whilst the southern half (Karafuto) was under control of Japan. On the Japanese half of the island, a 42.5-kilometre-long (26.4 mi) railway was built from Korsakov (大泊 (Ōtomari)) to Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk (豊原 (Toyohara)), with a gauge of 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in). This section was later converted to the normal Japanese railway gauge of 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in). In 1911, a 64 km (40 mi) branch was built from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk to Starodubskoye (Sakaehama). Between 1918 and 1921, the towns of Nevelsk (本斗 (Honto)), Kholmsk (真岡 (Maoka)), Chekhov (野田 (Noda)) and Tomari (泊居 (Tomarioru)) were also connected to the network. The Japanese railway network consisted of the Western Karafuto Railway from Naihoro (Gornozavodsk) to Tomarioru, and the Eastern Karafuto Railways from Otomari to Koton (Pobedino) until 1944. Its total length was over 1,225 km (761 mi). After the Second World War, control of the whole of the island passed to the Soviet Union, including the island's complete rail network and rolling stock. Wagons from the Soviet railways were re-gauged for use on the island. The locomotive factory in Lyudinovo produced diesel locomotives of the models TG16 and TG21 specifically for use on the island's narrow gauge network. Additionally, trains were imported from Japan, such as the purpose-made A1 sets made by Hitachi Rail and Teikoku Sharyo (1958-1960), followed by the D2 sets made by Fuji Heavy Industries (1986) and ex-JNR KiHa 58 railcars, purchased second hand in the early 1990s. The Soviet era saw the network extend into the north of the island, with a total extent in 1992 of 2,500 km (1,600 mi). By 2006, little-used sections such as Dachnoye–Aniva and Dolinsk–Starodubskoye had been closed, but the network still had a total length of 2,025 km (1,258 mi). In 1992, the Sakhalin Railway was split from the Far Eastern Railway and made its own administrative entity. It reverted to being part of the Far Eastern Railway in 2010. In order to allow regular Russian trains to run on the island, the island's rail network underwent conversion to Russian broad gauge starting from 2003. Russian Railways formally completed the regauging work in August 2019. Last scheduled train on 1067mm line Holmsk-77km pk9 was run at 30.09.2020.	null	null	null	null	4
[ "Sakhalin Railway", "replaces", "Far Eastern Railway" ]		null	null	null	null	6
[ "MOS Technology 6502", "replaces", "MOS 6501" ]		null	null	null	null	7
[ "Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2", "significant event", "rocket launch" ]	Mission overview The OCO-2 satellite was built by Orbital Sciences Corporation, based around the LEOStar-2 bus. The spacecraft is being used to study carbon dioxide concentrations and distributions in the atmosphere.OCO-2 was ordered after the original OCO spacecraft failed to achieve orbit. During the first satellite's launch atop a Taurus-XL in February 2009, the payload fairing failed to separate from around the spacecraft and the rocket did not have sufficient power to enter orbit with its additional mass. Although a Taurus launch was initially contracted for the reflight, the launch contract was cancelled after the same malfunction occurred on the launch of the Glory satellite two years later. United Launch Alliance launched OCO-2 using a Delta II rocket at the beginning of a 30-second launch window at 09:56 UTC (2:56 PDT) on 2 July 2014. Flying in the 7320-10C configuration, the rocket launched from Space Launch Complex 2W at Vandenberg Air Force Base. The initial launch attempt on 1 July at 09:56:44 UTC was scrubbed at 46 seconds on the countdown clock due to a faulty valve on the water suppression system, used to flow water on the launch pad to dampen the acoustic energy during launch.OCO-2 joined the A-train satellite constellation, becoming the sixth satellite in the group. Members of the A-train fly very close together in sun-synchronous orbit, to make nearly simultaneous measurements of Earth. A particularly short launch window of 30 seconds was necessary to achieve a proper position in the train. As of 19 September 2016 it was in an orbit with a perigee of 701.10 km (435.64 mi), an apogee of 703.81 km (437.33 mi) and a 98.2° inclination.The mission is expected to cost US$467.7 million, including design, development, launch and operations.	null	null	null	null	4
[ "Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2", "replaces", "Orbiting Carbon Observatory" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Ministry of Citizenship (Brazil)", "applies to jurisdiction", "Brazil" ]		null	null	null	null	1
[ "Ministry of Citizenship (Brazil)", "replaces", "Ministry of Culture of Brazil" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Ministry of Citizenship (Brazil)", "replaces", "Ministry of Social Development and Fight against Hunger" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Ministry of Citizenship (Brazil)", "replaces", "Ministry of Sports" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Hungarian Independence People's Front", "replaces", "Hungarian National Independence Front" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Comic Yuri Hime", "main subject", "lesbianism" ]		null	null	null	null	2
[ "Comic Yuri Hime", "replaces", "Comic Yuri Hime S" ]		null	null	null	null	8
[ "Comic Yuri Hime", "topic's main category", "Category:Comic Yuri Hime" ]		null	null	null	null	9
[ "Comic Yuri Hime", "main subject", "yuri" ]		null	null	null	null	12
[ "Death (metal band)", "replaces", "Mantas" ]		null	null	null	null	8
[ "Death (metal band)", "topic's main category", "Category:Death (band)" ]		null	null	null	null	9
[ "Dahomeyan Unity Party", "founded by", "Hubert Maga" ]	History The party was established on 13 November 1960 by the merger of the Republican Party of Dahomey (PRD) led by Sourou-Migan Apithy, the Dahomeyan Democratic Rally (RDD) led by Hubert Maga and the National Liberation Movement (MLN) led by Jean Pliya and Albert Teveodjré. The PRD and the RDD had previously merged in 1958 to form the Dahomeyan Progressive Party, but had split the following year. Chabi Mama became the new party's secretary general.Changes to the electoral system made by Maga allowed the PDU to win all 60 seats in the Dahomeyan parliamentary election, 1960. The following year, the main opposition party, the Dahomeyan Democratic Union, was banned and its leader Justin Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin imprisoned. As a result, the PDU became the sole legal party in the country.The party was dissolved on 13 November 1963 by Christophe Soglo after Hubert Maga was overthrown in a coup, and a new party, the Dahomeyan Democratic Party was formed by Apithy and Justin Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin.	null	null	null	null	3
[ "Dahomeyan Unity Party", "founded by", "Sourou-Migan Apithy" ]	The Dahomeyan Unity Party (French: Parti Dahoméen de l'Unité, PDU) was a political party in the Republic of Dahomey.History The party was established on 13 November 1960 by the merger of the Republican Party of Dahomey (PRD) led by Sourou-Migan Apithy, the Dahomeyan Democratic Rally (RDD) led by Hubert Maga and the National Liberation Movement (MLN) led by Jean Pliya and Albert Teveodjré. The PRD and the RDD had previously merged in 1958 to form the Dahomeyan Progressive Party, but had split the following year. Chabi Mama became the new party's secretary general.Changes to the electoral system made by Maga allowed the PDU to win all 60 seats in the Dahomeyan parliamentary election, 1960. The following year, the main opposition party, the Dahomeyan Democratic Union, was banned and its leader Justin Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin imprisoned. As a result, the PDU became the sole legal party in the country.The party was dissolved on 13 November 1963 by Christophe Soglo after Hubert Maga was overthrown in a coup, and a new party, the Dahomeyan Democratic Party was formed by Apithy and Justin Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin.	null	null	null	null	5
[ "Dahomeyan Unity Party", "founded by", "Émile Derlin Zinsou" ]	The Dahomeyan Unity Party (French: Parti Dahoméen de l'Unité, PDU) was a political party in the Republic of Dahomey.	null	null	null	null	8
[ "Dahomeyan Unity Party", "replaces", "Rassemblement Démocratique du Dahomé" ]		null	null	null	null	9
[ "Dahomeyan Unity Party", "founded by", "Albert Tévoédjrè" ]		null	null	null	null	10
[ "Dahomeyan Unity Party", "founded by", "Jean Pliya" ]		null	null	null	null	11
[ "Dahomeyan Unity Party", "replaces", "Republican Party of Dahomey" ]		null	null	null	null	14
[ "Kenyan shilling", "applies to jurisdiction", "Kenya" ]		null	null	null	null	1
[ "Kenyan shilling", "replaces", "East African shilling" ]	History The Kenyan shilling replaced the East African shilling in 1966 at par.	null	null	null	null	4
[ "SPLASH (conference)", "main subject", "programming paradigm" ]		null	null	null	null	1
[ "SPLASH (conference)", "replaces", "OOPSLA" ]	SPLASH is a programming language-related conference held since 2011, sponsored by the SIGPLAN special interest group of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). Its name is an acronym for Systems, Programming, Languages, and Applications: Software for Humanity. SPLASH is an umbrella conference for two longstanding conferences, OOPSLA and Onward! which are now tracks of SPLASH. SPLASH conferences held so far have been:	null	null	null	null	3
[ "Main-Taunus-Kreis", "owner of", "Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund" ]		null	null	null	null	7
[ "Main-Taunus-Kreis", "replaces", "Wiesbaden rural district" ]		null	null	null	null	8
[ "Main-Taunus-Kreis", "replaces", "Höchst district" ]		null	null	null	null	10
[ "Main-Taunus-Kreis", "topic's main category", "Category:Main-Taunus-Kreis" ]		null	null	null	null	12
[ "Saratov Gagarin Airport", "replaces", "Saratov Tsentralny Airport" ]		null	null	null	null	6
[ "Senior juz", "replaces", "Kazakh Khanate" ]		null	null	null	null	6
[ "Dicastery for the Causes of Saints", "topic's main category", "Category:Congregation for the Causes of Saints" ]		null	null	null	null	0
[ "Dicastery for the Causes of Saints", "replaces", "Sacred Congregation of Rites" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Stuttgart Airport", "replaces", "Böblingen Airport" ]		null	null	null	null	7
[ "Stuttgart Airport", "replaces", "Echterdingen Army Airfield" ]		null	null	null	null	9
[ "Stuttgart Airport", "topic's main category", "Category:Stuttgart Airport" ]	Stuttgart Airport (German: Flughafen Stuttgart, formerly Flughafen Stuttgart-Echterdingen) (IATA: STR, ICAO: EDDS) is the international airport of Stuttgart, the capital of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is christened in honor of Stuttgart's former mayor, Manfred Rommel, son of Erwin Rommel, and is the sixth busiest airport in Germany with 11,832,634 passengers having passed through its doors in 2018. The airport is operated by Flughafen Stuttgart GmbH (FSG). It goes back to Luftverkehr Württemberg AG, which was founded in 1924 and initially operated Böblingen Airport. Since 2008, 65% of the operating company is owned by the state of Baden-Württemberg and 35% by the city of Stuttgart. It is located approximately 13 km (8.1 mi) (10 km (6.2 mi) in a straight line) south of Stuttgart and lies on the boundary between the nearby town of Leinfelden-Echterdingen, Filderstadt and Stuttgart itself. In 2007, the Messe Stuttgart convention center – the ninth biggest exhibition centre in Germany – moved to grounds directly next to the airport. Additionally, the global headquarters for car parking company APCOA Parking are located here.	null	null	null	null	12
[ "EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg", "replaces", "Sternenfeld Airport" ]		null	null	null	null	8
[ "Platov International Airport", "replaces", "Rostov-on-Don Airport" ]	Platov International Airport (IATA: ROV, ICAO: URRP) (Russian: Международный аэропорт Платов) is an airport close to the stanitsa of Grushevskaya, Aksaysky District, Rostov Oblast, Russia near the city of Novocherkassk northeast of Rostov-on-Don. It serves Rostov-on-Don (as a replacement for the old Rostov-on-Don Airport) and started operation in December 2017. It is named after Matvei Platov. It was originally planned that the airport would open in November 2017, with passenger navigation starting on 1 December 2017. The project has a capacity of 5 million passengers per year. Azimuth will be the main company serving the airport. The airport was opened on 27 November 2017, with the new highway to the airport and final tests before the operations would commence. The airport commenced passenger service on 7 December 2017, and the old airport was scheduled to officially cease all its operations on 1 March 2018. In 2018, for the first year of operation of the airport, 3,236,000 passengers passed through this airport. The airport has been closed since the beginning of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.	null	null	null	null	8
[ "Legislative Council of Quebec", "applies to jurisdiction", "Quebec" ]		null	null	null	null	1
[ "Legislative Council of Quebec", "topic's main category", "Category:Members of the Legislative Council of Quebec" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Legislative Council of Quebec", "replaces", "Legislative Council of the Province of Canada" ]		null	null	null	null	7
[ "Jesus Project", "founded by", "R. Joseph Hoffmann" ]		null	null	null	null	0
[ "Jesus Project", "replaces", "Jesus Seminar" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Hiroshima Castle", "replaces", "Yoshida-Kōriyama Castle" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Hiroshima Castle", "owned by", "Toyotomi Hideyoshi" ]		null	null	null	null	12
[ "Hiroshima Castle", "founded by", "Mōri Terumoto" ]	History Mōri Terumoto, one of Toyotomi Hideyoshi's council of Five Elders, built Hiroshima castle between 1589 and 1599. It was located on the delta of the Otagawa river. There was no Hiroshima city or town at the time, and the area was called Gokamura, meaning "five villages". Beginning in 1591, Mōri Terumoto moved from Yoshida-Kōriyama Castle and governed nine provinces from this castle, including much of what is now Shimane, Yamaguchi, Tottori, Okayama and Hiroshima Prefectures. When construction on the castle began, Gokamura was renamed Hiroshima, as a more impressive name was called for. "Hiro" was taken from Ōe no Hiromoto, an ancestor of the Mōri family, and "Shima" was taken from Fukushima Motonaga, who helped Mōri Terumoto choose the castle site. Some accounts state that the name "Hiroshima", meaning "wide island", comes from the existence of several large islands in the delta of the Otagawa, near the castle's site. Following the battle of Sekigahara in 1600, Mōri was forced out of the castle, retreating to Hagi in today's Yamaguchi Prefecture. Fukushima Masanori became the lord of Aki and Bingo Provinces (which today make up Hiroshima Prefecture) and of Hiroshima castle. However, the new Tokugawa shogunate forbade any castle construction without permission from Edo; this was part of how the shogunate kept the daimyōs from gaining power and overthrowing the shogunate. When Fukushima repaired the castle following a flood in 1619, he was dispatched to Kawanakajima in today's Nagano Prefecture. Asano Nagaakira then became lord of the castle. From 1619 until the abolition of the feudal system during the Meiji Restoration (1869), the Asano family were lords of Aki and Bingo Provinces. After the Meiji Restoration, the castle came to serve as a military facility, and the Imperial General Headquarters was based there during the First Sino-Japanese War in 1894–1895. The foundations of several of the GHQ outbuildings, just a few hundred paces from the castle's main tower, remain today. During the final months of World War II, the castle served as the headquarters of the 2nd General Army and Fifth Division, stationed there to deter the projected Allied invasion of the Japanese mainland. The castle was destroyed in the atomic bomb blast of August 6, 1945, and for many years, it was believed the castle structure was blown away by the explosion that destroyed Hiroshima, but newly discovered evidence suggests the explosion only destroyed the lower pillars of the castle, and the rest of it collapsed as a result.The present tower, constructed largely of concrete, was completed in 1958.	null	null	null	null	13
[ "Matsue Castle", "replaces", "Gassantoda Castle" ]		null	null	null	null	8
[ "Matsue Castle", "founded by", "Horio Tadauji" ]		null	null	null	null	16

[ "Microsoft Academic", "main subject", "convention" ]

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9

[ "Microsoft Academic", "uses", "Microsoft Academic Graph" ]

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12

[ "Microsoft Academic", "replaces", "Microsoft Academic Search" ]

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15

[ "Microsoft Academic", "main subject", "repository" ]

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19

[ "Kashō", "followed by", "Ninju" ]

Kashō (嘉祥), also known as Kajō, was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, "year name") after Jōwa and before Ninju. This period spanned the years from June 848 through April 851. The reigning emperors were Ninmyō-tennō (仁明天皇) and Montoku-tennō (文徳天皇).

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1

[ "Kashō", "follows", "Jōwa" ]

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3

[ "Kashō", "replaces", "Jōwa" ]

Kashō (嘉祥), also known as Kajō, was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, "year name") after Jōwa and before Ninju. This period spanned the years from June 848 through April 851. The reigning emperors were Ninmyō-tennō (仁明天皇) and Montoku-tennō (文徳天皇).Change of era February 9, 848 Kashō gannen (嘉祥元年): The new era name Kashō (meaning "good augury") was created because a white tortoise was discovered in Bungo province, and it was duly presented to the emperor. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in Jōwa 15, on the 13th day of the 6th month of 848.

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4

[ "Metropolis GZM", "different from", "Upper Silesian metropolitan area" ]

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2

[ "Metropolis GZM", "replaces", "Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union" ]

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4

[ "Habscht", "topic's main category", "Category:Habscht" ]

== References ==

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8

[ "Habscht", "replaces", "Hobscheid" ]

Habscht is a commune in central Luxembourg, in the canton of Capellen. It was established on 1 January 2018 from the amalgamation of the communes of Hobscheid and Septfontaines.

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9

[ "Habscht", "different from", "Hobscheid" ]

Habscht is a commune in central Luxembourg, in the canton of Capellen. It was established on 1 January 2018 from the amalgamation of the communes of Hobscheid and Septfontaines.

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10

[ "Habscht", "replaces", "Septfontaines" ]

Habscht is a commune in central Luxembourg, in the canton of Capellen. It was established on 1 January 2018 from the amalgamation of the communes of Hobscheid and Septfontaines.

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14

[ "Modern kana usage", "replaces", "historical kana orthography" ]

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1

[ "Ōhori Park", "replaces", "Fukuoka Castle" ]

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2

[ "Ōhori Park", "connects with", "Ōhorikōen Station" ]

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5

[ "Ōhori Park", "connects with", "Meiji-dōri (Fukuoka)" ]

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12

[ "Ōhori Park", "connects with", "Fukuoka Prefectural Road Route 556" ]

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16

[ "Ōhori Park", "connects with", "Kokutai-dōro" ]

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22

[ "Ōhori Park", "connects with", "Chiyo-imajuku Street" ]

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25

[ "Ōhori Park", "connects with", "5th Moat of Fukuoka Castle" ]

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27

[ "Jōyō kanji", "topic's main category", "Category:Common kanji" ]

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4

[ "Jōyō kanji", "replaces", "Tōyō kanji" ]

The jōyō kanji (常用漢字, Japanese pronunciation: [dʑoːjoːkaꜜɲdʑi], lit. "regular-use kanji") is the guide to kanji characters and their readings, announced officially by the Japanese Ministry of Education. Current jōyō kanji are those on a list of 2,136 characters issued in 2010. It is a slightly modified version of the tōyō kanji, which was the initial list of secondary school-level kanji standardized after World War II. The list is not a comprehensive list of all characters and readings in regular use; rather, it is intended as a literacy baseline for those who have completed compulsory education, as well as a list of permitted characters and readings for use in official government documents. Due to the requirement that official government documents make use of only jōyō kanji and their readings, several rare characters are also included due to their use in the Constitution of Japan, which was being written at the same time the original 1,850-character tōyō kanji list was compiled. The 2,136 kanji in the jōyō kanji consist of:

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9

[ "Microsoft Compiled HTML Help", "follows", "WinHelp" ]

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1

[ "Microsoft Compiled HTML Help", "replaces", "WinHelp" ]

Microsoft Compiled HTML Help is a Microsoft proprietary online help format, consisting of a collection of HTML pages, an index and other navigation tools. The files are compressed and deployed in a binary format with the extension .CHM, for Compiled HTML. The format is often used for software documentation. It was introduced as the successor to Microsoft WinHelp with the release of Windows 95 OSR 2.5 and consequently, Windows 98. Within the Windows NT family, the CHM file support is introduced in Windows NT 4.0 and is still supported in Windows 11. Although the format was designed by Microsoft, it has been successfully reverse-engineered and is now supported in many document viewer applications.History Microsoft has announced that they do not intend to add any new features to HTML Help.

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2

[ "Microsoft Compiled HTML Help", "based on", "LZX" ]

Data compression (using LZX) Built-in search engine Ability to merge multiple .chm help files Extended character support, although it does not fully support Unicode.

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3

[ "Microsoft Compiled HTML Help", "based on", "HTML" ]

Microsoft Compiled HTML Help is a Microsoft proprietary online help format, consisting of a collection of HTML pages, an index and other navigation tools. The files are compressed and deployed in a binary format with the extension .CHM, for Compiled HTML. The format is often used for software documentation. It was introduced as the successor to Microsoft WinHelp with the release of Windows 95 OSR 2.5 and consequently, Windows 98. Within the Windows NT family, the CHM file support is introduced in Windows NT 4.0 and is still supported in Windows 11. Although the format was designed by Microsoft, it has been successfully reverse-engineered and is now supported in many document viewer applications.File format Help is delivered as a binary file with the .chm extension. It contains a set of HTML files, a hyperlinked table of contents, and an index file. The file format has been reverse-engineered and documentation of it is freely available.The file starts with bytes "ITSF" (in ASCII), for "Info-Tech Storage Format", which is the internal name given by Microsoft to the generic storage file format used in with CHM files.CHM files support the following features:Data compression (using LZX) Built-in search engine Ability to merge multiple .chm help files Extended character support, although it does not fully support Unicode.

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5

[ "Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus", "founded by", "P. T. Barnum" ]

The Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus (also known as the Ringling Bros. Circus, Ringling Bros., the Barnum & Bailey Circus, Barnum & Bailey, or simply Ringling) is an American traveling circus company billed as The Greatest Show on Earth. It and its predecessor shows ran from 1871 to 2017. Known as Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey, the circus started in 1919 when the Barnum & Bailey's Greatest Show on Earth, a circus created by P. T. Barnum and James Anthony Bailey, was merged with the Ringling Bros. World's Greatest Shows. The Ringling brothers had purchased Barnum & Bailey Ltd. following Bailey's death in 1906, but ran the circuses separately until they were merged in 1919. After 1957, the circus no longer exhibited under its own portable "big top" tents, instead using permanent venues such as sports stadiums and arenas. In 1967, Irvin Feld and his brother Israel, along with Houston Judge Roy Hofheinz, bought the circus from the Ringling family. In 1971, the Felds and Hofheinz sold the circus to Mattel, buying it back from the toy company in 1981. Since the death of Irvin Feld in 1984, the circus had been a part of Feld Entertainment, an international entertainment firm headed by his son Kenneth Feld, with its headquarters in Ellenton, Florida. With weakening attendance, many animal rights protests, and high operating costs, the circus performed its final show on May 21, 2017, at Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum and closed after 146 years.On May 18, 2022, after a five-year hiatus, Feld Entertainment announced that the circus would resume touring in the fall of 2023, but without animals.

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[ "Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus", "replaces", "Ringling Brothers Circus" ]

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5

[ "Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus", "founded by", "James Anthony Bailey" ]

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7

[ "Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus", "founded by", "Ringling brothers" ]

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8

[ "Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus", "topic's main category", "Category:Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus" ]

In 1871, Dan Castello and William Cameron Coup persuaded Barnum to come out of retirement to lend his name, know-how, and financial backing to the circus they had already created in Delavan, Wisconsin. The combined show was named "P.T. Barnum's Great Traveling Museum, Menagerie, Caravan, and Hippodrome". As described by Barnum, Castello and Coup "had a show that was truly immense, and combined all the elements of museum, menagerie, variety performance, concert hall, and circus", and considered it to potentially be "the Greatest Show on Earth", which subsequently became part of the circus's name.Independently of Castello and Coup, James Anthony Bailey had teamed up with James E. Cooper to create the Cooper and Bailey Circus in the 1860s. The Cooper and Bailey Circus became the chief competitor to Barnum's circus. As Bailey's circus was outperforming his, Barnum sought to merge the circuses. The two groups agreed to combine their shows on March 28, 1881. Initially named "P.T. Barnum's Greatest Show On Earth, And The Great London Circus, Sanger's Royal British Menagerie and The Grand International Allied Shows United", it was eventually shortened to "Barnum and Bailey's Circus". Bailey was instrumental in acquiring Jumbo, advertised as the world's largest elephant, for the show. After Jumbo died, Barnum donated his taxidermied remains to Tufts University on whose Board of Trustees Barnum served as one of Tufts' first trustees. The Barnum Museum of Natural History opened in 1884 on the Tufts campus and Jumbo was a prominent part of the display. To this day the Tufts athletic mascot is Jumbo and its athletic teams are referred to as the "Jumbos". Barnum died in 1891 and Bailey then purchased the circus from his widow. Bailey continued touring the Eastern United States until he took his circus to Europe. That tour started on December 27, 1897, and lasted until 1902.Separately, in 1884, five of the seven Ringling brothers had started a small circus in Baraboo, Wisconsin. This was about the same time that Barnum & Bailey were at the peak of their popularity. Similar to dozens of small circuses that toured the Midwestern United States and the Northeastern United States at the time, the brothers moved their circus from town to town in small animal-drawn caravans. Their circus rapidly grew and they were soon able to move their circus by train, which allowed them to have the largest traveling amusement enterprise of that time. Bailey's European tour gave the Ringling brothers an opportunity to move their show from the Midwest to the eastern seaboard. Faced with the new competition, Bailey took his show west of the Rocky Mountains for the first time in 1905. He died the next year, and the circus was sold to the Ringling Brothers.Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus The Ringlings purchased the Barnum & Bailey Greatest Show on Earth in 1907 and ran the circuses separately until 1919. By that time, Charles Edward Ringling and John Nicholas Ringling were the only remaining brothers of the five who founded the circus. They decided that it was too difficult to run the two circuses independently, and on March 29, 1919, "Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Combined Shows" debuted in New York City. The posters declared, "The Ringling Bros. World's Greatest Shows and the Barnum & Bailey Greatest Show on Earth are now combined into one record-breaking giant of all exhibitions." Charles E. Ringling died in 1926, but the circus flourished through the Roaring Twenties.John Ringling had the circus move its headquarters to Sarasota, Florida in 1927.In 1929, the American Circus Corporation signed a contract to perform in New York City. John Ringling purchased American Circus, owner of five circuses, for $1.7 million.In 1938, the circus made a lucrative offer to Frank Buck, a well-known adventurer and animal collector, to tour as their star attraction and to enter the show astride an elephant. He refused to join the American Federation of Actors, stating that he was "a scientist, not an actor." Though there was a threat of a strike if he did not join the union, he maintained that he would not compromise his principles, saying, "Don't get me wrong. I'm with the working man. I worked like a dog once myself. And my heart is with the fellow who works. But I don't want some ... union delegate telling me when to get on and off an elephant." Eventually, the union gave Buck a special dispensation to introduce Gargantua the gorilla without registering as an actor.

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[ "Microsoft Store", "has use", "video on demand" ]

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6

[ "Microsoft Store", "replaces", "Windows Phone Store" ]

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7

[ "Microsoft Store", "has use", "app store" ]

Windows 8 Microsoft first announced Windows Store, a digital distribution service for Windows at its presentation during the Build developer conference on September 13, 2011. Further details announced during the conference revealed that the store would be able to hold listings for both certified traditional Windows apps, as well as what were called "Metro-style apps" at the time: tightly-sandboxed software based on Microsoft design guidelines that are constantly monitored for quality and compliance. For consumers, Windows Store is intended to be the only way to obtain Metro-style apps. While announced alongside the "Developer Preview" release of Windows 8, Windows Store itself did not become available until the "Consumer Preview", released in February 2012.Updates to apps published on the store after July 1, 2019, are no longer available to Windows 8 RTM users. Per Microsoft lifecycle policies, the RTM version of Windows 8 has been unsupported since January 12, 2016, excluding some Embedded editions, as well its server equivalent, Windows Server 2012.Store features Microsoft Store is the primary means of distributing Universal Windows Platform (UWP) apps to users. Sideloading apps from outside the store is supported on Windows 10 on an opt-in basis, but Windows 8 only allows sideloading to be enabled if the device is running the Enterprise edition of Windows 8 on a domain. Sideloading on Windows RT, Windows 8 Pro, and on Windows 8 Enterprise computers without a domain affiliation, requires the purchase of additional licenses through volume licensing. Individual developers are able to register for US$19 and companies for US$99.Initially, Microsoft took a 30% cut of app sales until it reached US$25,000 in revenue, after which the cut dropped to 20%. On January 1, 2015, the reduction in cut at $25,000 was removed, and Microsoft takes a 30% cut of all app purchases, regardless of overall sales. As of August 1, 2021, Microsoft only takes a 12% cut of app sales. Third-party transactions are also allowed, of which Microsoft does not take a cut.

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[ "Microsoft Store", "replaces", "Xbox Games Store" ]

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10

[ "Microsoft Store", "replaces", "Windows Marketplace" ]

History The Web-based storefront Microsoft previously maintained a similar digital distribution system for software known as Windows Marketplace, which allowed customers to purchase software online. The marketplace tracked product keys and licenses, allowing users to retrieve their purchases when switching computers. Windows Marketplace was discontinued in November 2008. At this point, Microsoft opened a Web-based storefront called "Microsoft Store".

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[ "Microsoft Store", "has use", "digital distribution platform" ]

History The Web-based storefront Microsoft previously maintained a similar digital distribution system for software known as Windows Marketplace, which allowed customers to purchase software online. The marketplace tracked product keys and licenses, allowing users to retrieve their purchases when switching computers. Windows Marketplace was discontinued in November 2008. At this point, Microsoft opened a Web-based storefront called "Microsoft Store".Windows 8 Microsoft first announced Windows Store, a digital distribution service for Windows at its presentation during the Build developer conference on September 13, 2011. Further details announced during the conference revealed that the store would be able to hold listings for both certified traditional Windows apps, as well as what were called "Metro-style apps" at the time: tightly-sandboxed software based on Microsoft design guidelines that are constantly monitored for quality and compliance. For consumers, Windows Store is intended to be the only way to obtain Metro-style apps. While announced alongside the "Developer Preview" release of Windows 8, Windows Store itself did not become available until the "Consumer Preview", released in February 2012.Updates to apps published on the store after July 1, 2019, are no longer available to Windows 8 RTM users. Per Microsoft lifecycle policies, the RTM version of Windows 8 has been unsupported since January 12, 2016, excluding some Embedded editions, as well its server equivalent, Windows Server 2012.Store features Microsoft Store is the primary means of distributing Universal Windows Platform (UWP) apps to users. Sideloading apps from outside the store is supported on Windows 10 on an opt-in basis, but Windows 8 only allows sideloading to be enabled if the device is running the Enterprise edition of Windows 8 on a domain. Sideloading on Windows RT, Windows 8 Pro, and on Windows 8 Enterprise computers without a domain affiliation, requires the purchase of additional licenses through volume licensing. Individual developers are able to register for US$19 and companies for US$99.Initially, Microsoft took a 30% cut of app sales until it reached US$25,000 in revenue, after which the cut dropped to 20%. On January 1, 2015, the reduction in cut at $25,000 was removed, and Microsoft takes a 30% cut of all app purchases, regardless of overall sales. As of August 1, 2021, Microsoft only takes a 12% cut of app sales. Third-party transactions are also allowed, of which Microsoft does not take a cut.

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[ "Ankang Fuqiang Airport", "replaces", "Ankang Wulipu Airport" ]

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[ "Helperknapp", "topic's main category", "Category:Helperknapp" ]

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3

[ "Helperknapp", "replaces", "Tuntange" ]

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[ "Helperknapp", "replaces", "Boevange-sur-Attert" ]

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[ "Helperknapp", "different from", "Helperknapp" ]

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[ "Binhai", "replaces", "Tanggu District" ]

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[ "Binhai", "replaces", "Hangu District" ]

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[ "Binhai", "topic's main category", "Category:Binhai New District" ]

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3

[ "Binhai", "replaces", "Dagang District" ]

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5

[ "Patriotic People's Front", "replaces", "Hungarian Independence People's Front" ]

History The Hungarian Front (Magyar Front) was founded by the Hungarian Communist Party (then briefly known as the Peace Party) as a resistance movement against the occupation of Hungary by Nazi German forces during World War II and included the Social Democratic Party (MSZDP), the Independent Smallholders' Party (FKgP) and the National Peasant Party (NPP). The Hungarian Front was replaced by the Hungarian National Independence Front (Magyar Nemzeti Függetlenségi Front, MNFF) on 2 December 1944 which also included the Civic Democratic Party (PDP).On 1 February 1949, the MNFF become the Hungarian Independence People's Front (MFN), a popular front like in other Communist countries. By this time, the Front was dominated by the MDP (as the Communist Party had been renamed following a merger with the Social Democrats). The non-Communist parties in the Front had been taken over by fellow travellers who turned their parties into loyal partners of the MDP. As such, the MFN took on the same character as similar groupings in the emerging Soviet bloc. The non-Communist members became subservient to the MDP, and had to accept the MDP's "leading role" as a condition of their continued existence. Under these circumstances, voters were presented with a single list from the MFN at the 1949 elections. The Communist-dominated legislature chosen at this election enacted a new, Soviet-style Constitution, which formally marked the onset of out-and-out Communist rule in Hungary. Elections were held under similar conditions in 1953. Under Imre Nagy (22–24 October 1954), the MFN was reorganised as the Patriotic People's Front (HNF). During the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, the MSzMP replaced the MDP as the dominant force in the HNF. Under the somewhat more moderate goulash Communism of János Kádár, the HNF still had near-complete control over the electoral system. As such, at all elections from 1958 to 1985, voters were presented with a single list of HNF candidates. The Constitution charged the HNF with leading the nation in "complete building up of socialism, for the solution of political, economic, and cultural tasks." While more than one candidate could stand in at least some constituencies after 1966, all prospective candidates had to accept the HNF program to be eligible. The MSzMP used the HNF to actively mobilize against candidates it deemed unacceptable. This made it extremely difficult for independent candidates to get on the ballot. Through the HNF, the MSzMP was able to effectively predetermine the composition of the legislature. In about 1990, the HNF became the Patriotic Electoral Coalition.

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[ "Patriotic People's Front", "topic's main category", "Category:Hazafias Népfront" ]

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4

[ "Sakhalin Railway", "located on terrain feature", "Sakhalin" ]

Sakhalin Railway (Russian: Сахалинская железная дорога) is one of the railway division under Far Eastern Railway that primarily serves in Sakhalin Island. Due to its island location, the railway becomes the second isolated 1520mm gauge network in Russia, like the Norilsk railway. The only main connection to the mainland is the Vanino–Kholmsk train ferry. The management is located at Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk.

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1

[ "Sakhalin Railway", "owned by", "Russian Railways" ]

Sakhalin Railway (Russian: Сахалинская железная дорога) is one of the railway division under Far Eastern Railway that primarily serves in Sakhalin Island. Due to its island location, the railway becomes the second isolated 1520mm gauge network in Russia, like the Norilsk railway. The only main connection to the mainland is the Vanino–Kholmsk train ferry. The management is located at Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk.History The Treaty of Portsmouth following the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05 placed the northern half of Sakhalin under the control of the Russian Empire, whilst the southern half (Karafuto) was under control of Japan. On the Japanese half of the island, a 42.5-kilometre-long (26.4 mi) railway was built from Korsakov (大泊 (Ōtomari)) to Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk (豊原 (Toyohara)), with a gauge of 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in). This section was later converted to the normal Japanese railway gauge of 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in). In 1911, a 64 km (40 mi) branch was built from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk to Starodubskoye (Sakaehama). Between 1918 and 1921, the towns of Nevelsk (本斗 (Honto)), Kholmsk (真岡 (Maoka)), Chekhov (野田 (Noda)) and Tomari (泊居 (Tomarioru)) were also connected to the network. The Japanese railway network consisted of the Western Karafuto Railway from Naihoro (Gornozavodsk) to Tomarioru, and the Eastern Karafuto Railways from Otomari to Koton (Pobedino) until 1944. Its total length was over 1,225 km (761 mi). After the Second World War, control of the whole of the island passed to the Soviet Union, including the island's complete rail network and rolling stock. Wagons from the Soviet railways were re-gauged for use on the island. The locomotive factory in Lyudinovo produced diesel locomotives of the models TG16 and TG21 specifically for use on the island's narrow gauge network. Additionally, trains were imported from Japan, such as the purpose-made A1 sets made by Hitachi Rail and Teikoku Sharyo (1958-1960), followed by the D2 sets made by Fuji Heavy Industries (1986) and ex-JNR KiHa 58 railcars, purchased second hand in the early 1990s. The Soviet era saw the network extend into the north of the island, with a total extent in 1992 of 2,500 km (1,600 mi). By 2006, little-used sections such as Dachnoye–Aniva and Dolinsk–Starodubskoye had been closed, but the network still had a total length of 2,025 km (1,258 mi). In 1992, the Sakhalin Railway was split from the Far Eastern Railway and made its own administrative entity. It reverted to being part of the Far Eastern Railway in 2010. In order to allow regular Russian trains to run on the island, the island's rail network underwent conversion to Russian broad gauge starting from 2003. Russian Railways formally completed the regauging work in August 2019. Last scheduled train on 1067mm line Holmsk-77km pk9 was run at 30.09.2020.

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[ "Sakhalin Railway", "replaces", "Far Eastern Railway" ]

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[ "MOS Technology 6502", "replaces", "MOS 6501" ]

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[ "Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2", "significant event", "rocket launch" ]

Mission overview The OCO-2 satellite was built by Orbital Sciences Corporation, based around the LEOStar-2 bus. The spacecraft is being used to study carbon dioxide concentrations and distributions in the atmosphere.OCO-2 was ordered after the original OCO spacecraft failed to achieve orbit. During the first satellite's launch atop a Taurus-XL in February 2009, the payload fairing failed to separate from around the spacecraft and the rocket did not have sufficient power to enter orbit with its additional mass. Although a Taurus launch was initially contracted for the reflight, the launch contract was cancelled after the same malfunction occurred on the launch of the Glory satellite two years later. United Launch Alliance launched OCO-2 using a Delta II rocket at the beginning of a 30-second launch window at 09:56 UTC (2:56 PDT) on 2 July 2014. Flying in the 7320-10C configuration, the rocket launched from Space Launch Complex 2W at Vandenberg Air Force Base. The initial launch attempt on 1 July at 09:56:44 UTC was scrubbed at 46 seconds on the countdown clock due to a faulty valve on the water suppression system, used to flow water on the launch pad to dampen the acoustic energy during launch.OCO-2 joined the A-train satellite constellation, becoming the sixth satellite in the group. Members of the A-train fly very close together in sun-synchronous orbit, to make nearly simultaneous measurements of Earth. A particularly short launch window of 30 seconds was necessary to achieve a proper position in the train. As of 19 September 2016 it was in an orbit with a perigee of 701.10 km (435.64 mi), an apogee of 703.81 km (437.33 mi) and a 98.2° inclination.The mission is expected to cost US$467.7 million, including design, development, launch and operations.

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[ "Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2", "replaces", "Orbiting Carbon Observatory" ]

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[ "Ministry of Citizenship (Brazil)", "applies to jurisdiction", "Brazil" ]

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[ "Ministry of Citizenship (Brazil)", "replaces", "Ministry of Culture of Brazil" ]

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3

[ "Ministry of Citizenship (Brazil)", "replaces", "Ministry of Social Development and Fight against Hunger" ]

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4

[ "Ministry of Citizenship (Brazil)", "replaces", "Ministry of Sports" ]

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5

[ "Hungarian Independence People's Front", "replaces", "Hungarian National Independence Front" ]

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5

[ "Comic Yuri Hime", "main subject", "lesbianism" ]

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2

[ "Comic Yuri Hime", "replaces", "Comic Yuri Hime S" ]

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8

[ "Comic Yuri Hime", "topic's main category", "Category:Comic Yuri Hime" ]

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9

[ "Comic Yuri Hime", "main subject", "yuri" ]

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12

[ "Death (metal band)", "replaces", "Mantas" ]

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8

[ "Death (metal band)", "topic's main category", "Category:Death (band)" ]

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9

[ "Dahomeyan Unity Party", "founded by", "Hubert Maga" ]

History The party was established on 13 November 1960 by the merger of the Republican Party of Dahomey (PRD) led by Sourou-Migan Apithy, the Dahomeyan Democratic Rally (RDD) led by Hubert Maga and the National Liberation Movement (MLN) led by Jean Pliya and Albert Teveodjré. The PRD and the RDD had previously merged in 1958 to form the Dahomeyan Progressive Party, but had split the following year. Chabi Mama became the new party's secretary general.Changes to the electoral system made by Maga allowed the PDU to win all 60 seats in the Dahomeyan parliamentary election, 1960. The following year, the main opposition party, the Dahomeyan Democratic Union, was banned and its leader Justin Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin imprisoned. As a result, the PDU became the sole legal party in the country.The party was dissolved on 13 November 1963 by Christophe Soglo after Hubert Maga was overthrown in a coup, and a new party, the Dahomeyan Democratic Party was formed by Apithy and Justin Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin.

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3

[ "Dahomeyan Unity Party", "founded by", "Sourou-Migan Apithy" ]

The Dahomeyan Unity Party (French: Parti Dahoméen de l'Unité, PDU) was a political party in the Republic of Dahomey.History The party was established on 13 November 1960 by the merger of the Republican Party of Dahomey (PRD) led by Sourou-Migan Apithy, the Dahomeyan Democratic Rally (RDD) led by Hubert Maga and the National Liberation Movement (MLN) led by Jean Pliya and Albert Teveodjré. The PRD and the RDD had previously merged in 1958 to form the Dahomeyan Progressive Party, but had split the following year. Chabi Mama became the new party's secretary general.Changes to the electoral system made by Maga allowed the PDU to win all 60 seats in the Dahomeyan parliamentary election, 1960. The following year, the main opposition party, the Dahomeyan Democratic Union, was banned and its leader Justin Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin imprisoned. As a result, the PDU became the sole legal party in the country.The party was dissolved on 13 November 1963 by Christophe Soglo after Hubert Maga was overthrown in a coup, and a new party, the Dahomeyan Democratic Party was formed by Apithy and Justin Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin.

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5

[ "Dahomeyan Unity Party", "founded by", "Émile Derlin Zinsou" ]

The Dahomeyan Unity Party (French: Parti Dahoméen de l'Unité, PDU) was a political party in the Republic of Dahomey.

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8

[ "Dahomeyan Unity Party", "replaces", "Rassemblement Démocratique du Dahomé" ]

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9

[ "Dahomeyan Unity Party", "founded by", "Albert Tévoédjrè" ]

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10

[ "Dahomeyan Unity Party", "founded by", "Jean Pliya" ]

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11

[ "Dahomeyan Unity Party", "replaces", "Republican Party of Dahomey" ]

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14

[ "Kenyan shilling", "applies to jurisdiction", "Kenya" ]

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1

[ "Kenyan shilling", "replaces", "East African shilling" ]

History The Kenyan shilling replaced the East African shilling in 1966 at par.

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4

[ "SPLASH (conference)", "main subject", "programming paradigm" ]

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1

[ "SPLASH (conference)", "replaces", "OOPSLA" ]

SPLASH is a programming language-related conference held since 2011, sponsored by the SIGPLAN special interest group of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). Its name is an acronym for Systems, Programming, Languages, and Applications: Software for Humanity. SPLASH is an umbrella conference for two longstanding conferences, OOPSLA and Onward! which are now tracks of SPLASH. SPLASH conferences held so far have been:

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[ "Main-Taunus-Kreis", "owner of", "Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund" ]

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7

[ "Main-Taunus-Kreis", "replaces", "Wiesbaden rural district" ]

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8

[ "Main-Taunus-Kreis", "replaces", "Höchst district" ]

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10

[ "Main-Taunus-Kreis", "topic's main category", "Category:Main-Taunus-Kreis" ]

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12

[ "Saratov Gagarin Airport", "replaces", "Saratov Tsentralny Airport" ]

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6

[ "Senior juz", "replaces", "Kazakh Khanate" ]

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6

[ "Dicastery for the Causes of Saints", "topic's main category", "Category:Congregation for the Causes of Saints" ]

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0

[ "Dicastery for the Causes of Saints", "replaces", "Sacred Congregation of Rites" ]

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4

[ "Stuttgart Airport", "replaces", "Böblingen Airport" ]

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7

[ "Stuttgart Airport", "replaces", "Echterdingen Army Airfield" ]

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[ "Stuttgart Airport", "topic's main category", "Category:Stuttgart Airport" ]

Stuttgart Airport (German: Flughafen Stuttgart, formerly Flughafen Stuttgart-Echterdingen) (IATA: STR, ICAO: EDDS) is the international airport of Stuttgart, the capital of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is christened in honor of Stuttgart's former mayor, Manfred Rommel, son of Erwin Rommel, and is the sixth busiest airport in Germany with 11,832,634 passengers having passed through its doors in 2018. The airport is operated by Flughafen Stuttgart GmbH (FSG). It goes back to Luftverkehr Württemberg AG, which was founded in 1924 and initially operated Böblingen Airport. Since 2008, 65% of the operating company is owned by the state of Baden-Württemberg and 35% by the city of Stuttgart. It is located approximately 13 km (8.1 mi) (10 km (6.2 mi) in a straight line) south of Stuttgart and lies on the boundary between the nearby town of Leinfelden-Echterdingen, Filderstadt and Stuttgart itself. In 2007, the Messe Stuttgart convention center – the ninth biggest exhibition centre in Germany – moved to grounds directly next to the airport. Additionally, the global headquarters for car parking company APCOA Parking are located here.

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[ "EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg", "replaces", "Sternenfeld Airport" ]

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8

[ "Platov International Airport", "replaces", "Rostov-on-Don Airport" ]

Platov International Airport (IATA: ROV, ICAO: URRP) (Russian: Международный аэропорт Платов) is an airport close to the stanitsa of Grushevskaya, Aksaysky District, Rostov Oblast, Russia near the city of Novocherkassk northeast of Rostov-on-Don. It serves Rostov-on-Don (as a replacement for the old Rostov-on-Don Airport) and started operation in December 2017. It is named after Matvei Platov. It was originally planned that the airport would open in November 2017, with passenger navigation starting on 1 December 2017. The project has a capacity of 5 million passengers per year. Azimuth will be the main company serving the airport. The airport was opened on 27 November 2017, with the new highway to the airport and final tests before the operations would commence. The airport commenced passenger service on 7 December 2017, and the old airport was scheduled to officially cease all its operations on 1 March 2018. In 2018, for the first year of operation of the airport, 3,236,000 passengers passed through this airport. The airport has been closed since the beginning of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

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[ "Legislative Council of Quebec", "applies to jurisdiction", "Quebec" ]

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1

[ "Legislative Council of Quebec", "topic's main category", "Category:Members of the Legislative Council of Quebec" ]

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3

[ "Legislative Council of Quebec", "replaces", "Legislative Council of the Province of Canada" ]

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7

[ "Jesus Project", "founded by", "R. Joseph Hoffmann" ]

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0

[ "Jesus Project", "replaces", "Jesus Seminar" ]

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3

[ "Hiroshima Castle", "replaces", "Yoshida-Kōriyama Castle" ]

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4

[ "Hiroshima Castle", "owned by", "Toyotomi Hideyoshi" ]

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12

[ "Hiroshima Castle", "founded by", "Mōri Terumoto" ]

History Mōri Terumoto, one of Toyotomi Hideyoshi's council of Five Elders, built Hiroshima castle between 1589 and 1599. It was located on the delta of the Otagawa river. There was no Hiroshima city or town at the time, and the area was called Gokamura, meaning "five villages". Beginning in 1591, Mōri Terumoto moved from Yoshida-Kōriyama Castle and governed nine provinces from this castle, including much of what is now Shimane, Yamaguchi, Tottori, Okayama and Hiroshima Prefectures. When construction on the castle began, Gokamura was renamed Hiroshima, as a more impressive name was called for. "Hiro" was taken from Ōe no Hiromoto, an ancestor of the Mōri family, and "Shima" was taken from Fukushima Motonaga, who helped Mōri Terumoto choose the castle site. Some accounts state that the name "Hiroshima", meaning "wide island", comes from the existence of several large islands in the delta of the Otagawa, near the castle's site. Following the battle of Sekigahara in 1600, Mōri was forced out of the castle, retreating to Hagi in today's Yamaguchi Prefecture. Fukushima Masanori became the lord of Aki and Bingo Provinces (which today make up Hiroshima Prefecture) and of Hiroshima castle. However, the new Tokugawa shogunate forbade any castle construction without permission from Edo; this was part of how the shogunate kept the daimyōs from gaining power and overthrowing the shogunate. When Fukushima repaired the castle following a flood in 1619, he was dispatched to Kawanakajima in today's Nagano Prefecture. Asano Nagaakira then became lord of the castle. From 1619 until the abolition of the feudal system during the Meiji Restoration (1869), the Asano family were lords of Aki and Bingo Provinces. After the Meiji Restoration, the castle came to serve as a military facility, and the Imperial General Headquarters was based there during the First Sino-Japanese War in 1894–1895. The foundations of several of the GHQ outbuildings, just a few hundred paces from the castle's main tower, remain today. During the final months of World War II, the castle served as the headquarters of the 2nd General Army and Fifth Division, stationed there to deter the projected Allied invasion of the Japanese mainland. The castle was destroyed in the atomic bomb blast of August 6, 1945, and for many years, it was believed the castle structure was blown away by the explosion that destroyed Hiroshima, but newly discovered evidence suggests the explosion only destroyed the lower pillars of the castle, and the rest of it collapsed as a result.The present tower, constructed largely of concrete, was completed in 1958.

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[ "Matsue Castle", "replaces", "Gassantoda Castle" ]

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8

[ "Matsue Castle", "founded by", "Horio Tadauji" ]

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16