ProfessorBob/relation_extraction · Datasets at Hugging Face

triplets list	passage stringlengths 0 32.9k	label stringlengths 4 48 ⌀	label_id int64 0 1k ⌀	synonyms list	__index_level_1__ int64 312 64.1k ⌀	__index_level_0__ int64 0 2.4k ⌀
[ "Kingdom of the Suebi", "replaces", "Gallaecia" ]	King Rechila In 438 Hermeric became ill. Having annexed the entirety of the former Roman province of Gallaecia, he made peace with the local population, and retired, leaving his son Rechila as king of the Sueves. Rechila saw an opportunity for expansion and began pushing to other areas of the Iberian Peninsula. In the same year he campaigned in Baetica, defeating in open battle the Romanae militiae dux Andevotus by the banks of the Genil river, capturing a large treasure. A year later, in 439, the Sueves invaded Lusitania and entered into its capital, Mérida, which briefly became the new capital of their kingdom. Rechila continued with the expansion of the kingdom, and by 440 he fruitfully besieged and forced the surrender of a Roman official, count Censorius, in the strategic city of Mértola. Next year, in 441, the armies of Rechila conquered Seville, just months after the death of the old king Hermeric, who had ruled his people for more than thirty years. With the conquest of Seville, capital of Baetica, the Suevi managed to control Baetica and Carthaginensis. It has been said, however, that the Suevi conquest of Baetica and Carthaginensis was limited to raids, and Suevi presence, if any, was minute. In 446, the Romans dispatched to the provinces of Baetica and Carthaginensis the magister utriusque militiae Vitus, who, assisted by a large number of Goths, attempted to subdue the Suevi and restore imperial administration in Hispania. Rechila marched to meet the Romans, and after defeating the Goths, Vitus fled in disgrace; no more imperial attempts were made to retake Hispania. In 448, Rechila died as a pagan, leaving the crown to his son, Rechiar.	null	null	null	null	8
[ "Rolladen-Schneider LS6", "has use", "cross-country flying" ]		null	null	null	null	2
[ "Rolladen-Schneider LS6", "based on", "Rolladen Schneider LS3" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Rolladen-Schneider LS6", "follows", "Rolladen Schneider LS3" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Rolladen-Schneider LS6", "replaces", "Rolladen Schneider LS3" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Rolladen-Schneider LS6", "followed by", "Rolladen Schneider LS7" ]		null	null	null	null	7
[ "Rolladen-Schneider LS6", "has use", "gliding competition" ]		null	null	null	null	8
[ "Postbus", "replaces", "stagecoach" ]	By country Austria In Austria, the postbus system is known as Postbus. From 1907 onwards power-driven vehicles were operated by the Imperial-Royal Post- und Telegraphenverwaltung, gradually replacing the former stagecoach service. In the course of the privatisation of the Österreichische Post, the Österreichische Industrieholding sold the postbus branch to the Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB) group in 2003. Today the ÖBB-Postbus GmbH is the country's largest bus company serving regional and interurban traffic with about 4000 employees and 2100 buses. The corporation also comprises the ÖBB's former railway bus service (KÖB) as well as the Czech ČSAD Autobusy company in České Budějovice acquired in 2004.	null	null	null	null	3
[ "Académie des Beaux-Arts", "main subject", "fine art" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Académie des Beaux-Arts", "follows", "Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Académie des Beaux-Arts", "replaces", "Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Académie des Beaux-Arts", "follows", "Académie Royale d'Architecture" ]		null	null	null	null	6
[ "Académie des Beaux-Arts", "follows", "Académie Royale de Musique" ]		null	null	null	null	11
[ "Académie des Beaux-Arts", "topic's main category", "Category:Académie des beaux-arts (France)" ]		null	null	null	null	13
[ "Martin Marietta X-24B", "replaces", "Martin Marietta X-24" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "National Library of Poland", "significant event", "destruction of Warsaw" ]		null	null	null	null	9
[ "National Library of Poland", "replaces", "Załuski Library" ]		null	null	null	null	10
[ "National Library of Poland", "topic's main category", "Category:National Library of Poland" ]		null	null	null	null	16
[ "Fingal", "replaces", "County Dublin" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Fingal", "topic's main category", "Category:Fingal" ]		null	null	null	null	11
[ "Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown", "replaces", "County Dublin" ]	Towns, villages and suburbs Administrative history In 1986, the administrative county of Dublin was divided into three "electoral counties": Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown, Dublin—Fingal, and Dublin—Belgard. The city has been administered separately from County Dublin since 1548. An "area committee" for the electoral county was formed within Dublin County Council under the Local Government Act 1991,On 1 January 1994, County Dublin and the Borough of Dún Laoghaire were abolished and the three electoral counties became the administrative counties of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown, Fingal, and South Dublin respectively. Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown comprises the former Borough of Dún Laoghaire and the south-eastern part of the former County Dublin. Additionally, the powers of the former Deansgrange Joint Burial Board were subsumed into the new authority. From 2002, all "administrative counties" in Ireland were redesignated as "counties". The three counties together with Dublin city constitute the traditional County Dublin.	null	null	null	null	4
[ "Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown", "topic's main category", "Category:Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "South Dublin", "replaces", "County Dublin" ]	History In 1985, County Dublin was divided into three electoral counties: Dublin–Fingal, Dublin–Belgard, and Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown. At the 1991 local election, the area of Dublin–Belgard was renamed as South Dublin. The name Belgard did have a historical association with the area, being the designation of one of the border fortresses of the Pale that existed in that area. It was altered due to a view that the name Belgard might create associations with areas of modern development in Tallaght that now also uses that name.On 1 January 1994, under the provisions of the Local Government (Dublin) Act 1993, County Dublin ceased to exist, and was succeeded by the counties of Fingal, Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown and South Dublin in the areas of the electoral counties. The boundaries of South Dublin were finalised in 1993, to accommodate the M50 motorway.Various organs of state use alternative subdivisions of Dublin for administrative reasons, for example, the Dublin postal codes.	null	null	null	null	3
[ "South Dublin", "owner of", "Tallaght Stadium" ]		null	null	null	null	6
[ "South Dublin", "topic's main category", "Category:South Dublin (county)" ]		null	null	null	null	8
[ "Antonine Wall", "replaces", "Hadrian's Wall" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Antonine Wall", "topic's main category", "Category:Antonine Wall" ]		null	null	null	null	12
[ "Antonine Wall", "has part(s) of the class", "geographical section of Antonine Wall" ]		null	null	null	null	19
[ "Antonine Wall", "has part(s) of the class", "scheduled section of Antonine Wall" ]		null	null	null	null	20
[ "National Guard Forces Command", "different from", "Russian Guard (1991 military formation)" ]		null	null	null	null	1
[ "National Guard Forces Command", "topic's main category", "Category:National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation" ]		null	null	null	null	2
[ "National Guard Forces Command", "replaces", "Internal Troops of Russia" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "National Guard Forces Command", "follows", "Special Corps of Gendarmes" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Merger of Paris Métro Lines 3bis and 7bis", "replaces", "Paris Métro Line 7bis" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Merger of Paris Métro Lines 3bis and 7bis", "replaces", "Paris Métro Line 3bis" ]		null	null	null	null	8
[ "New Republic (Star Wars)", "replaces", "Rebel Alliance" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "New Republic (Star Wars)", "follows", "Galactic Empire" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "New Republic (Star Wars)", "followed by", "First Order" ]		null	null	null	null	7
[ "IPhone 5s", "follows", "iPhone 5" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "IPhone 5s", "replaces", "iPhone 5" ]	The iPhone 5s is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. It is the seventh generation of the iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 5, and unveiled in September 2013, alongside the iPhone 5c.The iPhone 5s maintained almost the same external design as its predecessor, the iPhone 5, although the 5s received a new white/gold color scheme in addition to white/silver and space gray/black. The 5s has vastly upgraded internal hardware, however. It introduced the A7 64-bit dual-core system-on-chip, the first 64-bit processor to be used on a smartphone, accompanied by the M7 "motion co-processor". A redesigned home button with Touch ID, a fingerprint recognition system which can be used to unlock the phone and authenticate App Store and iTunes Store purchases, was also introduced. The camera was also updated with a larger aperture and a dual-LED flash optimized for different color temperatures. Earphones known as EarPods were included with the 5s, and Apple released accessories including a case and a dock. It had a 4-inch display, similar to the iPhone 5 and iPhone 5c. The iPhone 5s originally shipped with iOS 7, which introduced a revamped visual appearance among other new features. Designed by Jony Ive, iOS 7 departed from skeuomorphic elements used in previous versions of iOS in favor of a flat, colorful design. Among new software features introduced to the iPhone 5s were AirDrop, an ad-hoc Wi-Fi sharing platform; Control Center, a control panel containing a number of commonly used functions; and iTunes Radio, an internet radio service. The 5s is the first iPhone to be supported through six major versions of iOS, from iOS 7 to iOS 12, along with the iPhone 6s and the first-generation iPhone SE which were supported from iOS 9 to iOS 15, and the second iOS device to support six major updates – the first being the iPad 2 which supported iOS versions 4 to 9. Reception towards the device was positive, with some outlets considering it to be the best smartphone available on the market due to its upgraded hardware, Touch ID, and other changes introduced by iOS 7. Some criticized the iPhone 5s for keeping the design and small display of the iPhone 5, and others expressed security concerns about the Touch ID system. Nine million units of the iPhone 5s and iPhone 5c were sold on the weekend of their release, breaking Apple's sales record for iPhones. The iPhone 5s was the best selling phone on all major U.S. carriers in September 2013.The iPhone 5s was succeeded as Apple's flagship smartphone by the larger iPhone 6 in September 2014. On March 21, 2016, the iPhone 5s was discontinued following the release of the iPhone SE, which incorporated internal hardware similar to the iPhone 6s while retaining the smaller form factor and design of the 5s.Reception Critical reception The iPhone 5s received a positive reception from reviewers and commentators. Walt Mossberg of All Things Digital gave the phone a favorable review, saying that Touch ID "sounds like a gimmick, but it's a real advance, the biggest step ever in biometric authentication for everyday devices," and labeled it "the best smartphone on the market." David Pogue of The New York Times praised Touch ID, but said that the innovation of the smartphone market has been saturated, and "maybe the age of annual mega-leaps is over." He focused much of his review on iOS 7, which he believed was the biggest change of the device over previous generations, praising new Siri features, Control Center, and AirDrop. In an editorial, Pogue stated that iOS 7 was the biggest change in the iPhone series, citing utilitarian interface changes as the main contributor to this. Scott Stein of CNET criticized the lack of design change over iPhone 5 and said that although the iPhone 5s "is not a required upgrade, but it's easily the fastest and most advanced Apple smartphone to date." Although praised for its camera, 64-bit A7 chip, M7 motion-chip, and fingerprint scanning capabilities, some investors thought that the iPhone 5s, although a notable improvement over the iPhone 5, was still relatively unchanged from its predecessor, and worried that the iPhone line had become a stagnant, dull product. Apple's share price fell 5.4% after the launch to close at a month low of $467.71 on the NASDAQ.Darrell Etherington of TechCrunch who praised the iPhone 5s as the best smartphone available said "looks may not be different from the iPhone 5, but the internal components have a dramatic impact on day-to-day activities normal for a smartphone user," and went into detail explaining the impact of the improved camera and specifications on the phone. Etherington suggested that the 64-bit A7 processor will not reach its full potential until developers create applications supporting it. Myriam Joire of Engadget found that the iPhone 5s could benefit significantly from the A7 if developers created applications optimized for the 64-bit processor. Anand Lal Shimpi of AnandTech praised the phone's A7 processor, describing it as "seriously impressive", and stated that it was the most "futureproof of any iPhone ever launched. As much as it pains me to use the word futureproof if you are one of those people who likes to hold onto their device for a while – the iPhone 5s is as good a starting point as any." Scott Lowe of IGN also spoke highly of its 64-bit processor, "which has a substantial lead in processing power over the HTC One and Samsung Galaxy S4, accounting for a graphics boost of up to 32% and 38% in CPU benchmarks." The debut of Apple's 64-bit A7 processor took rival Android smartphone makers by surprise, particularly Qualcomm whose own 64-bit system-on-chip was not released until 2015.Most reviewers recommended the iPhone 5s over the iPhone 5c which was released at the same time. The 5c retained almost the same hardware as the discontinued iPhone 5, while the iPhone 5s featured substantially improved performance/features thanks to its new 64-bit A7 processor, as well as extra storage space, all for a relatively small additional upfront cost over the iPhone 5c (US$650 versus US$550 in March 2014). This was especially the case when iOS 8 was released and both iPhone 5s and iPhone 5c were moved to the mid and low end of the iPhone range, respectively; the iPhone 5s still had 16 or 32 GB (14.9 or 29.8 GiB) storage available while the iPhone 5c had to make do with 8 GB storage with only 4.9GB available to the user after installing iOS 8. Furthermore, the 5c's polycarbonate exterior received a mixed reception and was seen as a cost-cutting downgrade compared to the iPhone 5's aluminum/glass case; the 5s retained the latter design and looked even more premium due to its additional gold finish.As of 2015–16, there were still a significant number of customers who preferred the 4-inch screen size of iPhone 5s, which remained the second-most popular iPhone after the iPhone 6 and ahead of the iPhone 6s. Apple stated in their event that they sold 30 million 4-inch iPhones in 2015, even as that form factor was succeeded as the flagship iPhone by the redesigned larger display 4.7/5.5-inch iPhone 6 and 6 Plus back in September 2014. Furthermore, the 5/5s design was regarded as "long been the golden child of Apple phone design and a benchmark for phones in general" (with the 5s's gold finish adding a premium touch to the 5's already well-regarded look), while the succeeding 6 and 6S design was less critically acclaimed as it "felt a little bit wrong, as though you were holding a slick $650 bar of soap". The iPhone 5 was described as "elegance rooted in the way the aluminum and glass work together. It felt streamlined, yet substantial, which is different from iPhone 6, which feels substantial in size alone. Plus, unlike the ubiquitous rounded corners of the 6, iPhone 5 didn't really look like anything else on the market at the time". However, the iPhone 5/5s design was not suited to scaling up, in contrast to the iPhone 6/6S which could better accommodate the growing consumer trend towards larger screen sizes and indeed spawned the 6/6S Plus phablet models. When Apple discontinued the iPhone 5s, it was replaced by the first-generation iPhone SE which outwardly appears almost identical to the 5s even as the SE's internal hardware has been upgraded significantly.	null	null	null	null	5
[ "IPhone 5s", "followed by", "iPhone 6" ]		null	null	null	null	22
[ "Zabaykalsky Krai", "replaces", "Chita Oblast" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Zabaykalsky Krai", "replaces", "Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug" ]	Zabaykalsky Krai is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the Russian Far East. Its administrative center is Chita. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 1,107,107.The krai was created on March 1, 2008 as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug, after a referendum held on the issue on March 11, 2007. In 2018, the krai became part of the Far Eastern Federal District.	null	null	null	null	5
[ "Zabaykalsky Krai", "different from", "Transbaikal" ]		null	null	null	null	6
[ "Zabaykalsky Krai", "topic's main category", "Category:Zabaykalsky Krai" ]		null	null	null	null	12
[ "Radio Television of Serbia", "replaces", "Yugoslav Radio Television" ]		null	null	null	null	2
[ "Radio Television of Serbia", "owner of", "RTS 2" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Radio Television of Serbia", "owner of", "RTS 1" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Radio Television of Serbia", "replaces", "Udruženje javnih radija i televizija" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Radio Television of Serbia", "topic's main category", "Category:Radio Television of Serbia" ]		null	null	null	null	6
[ "Thunderbolt (interface)", "different from", "Lightning" ]		null	null	null	null	2
[ "Thunderbolt (interface)", "replaces", "IEEE 1394" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Thunderbolt (interface)", "uses", "PCI Express" ]	Thunderbolt is the brand name of a hardware interface for the connection of external peripherals to a computer. It has been developed by Intel, in collaboration with Apple. It was initially marketed under the name Light Peak, and first sold as part of an end-user product on 24 February 2011.Thunderbolt combines PCI Express (PCIe) and DisplayPort (DP) into two serial signals, and additionally provides DC power, all in one cable. Up to six peripherals may be supported by one connector through various topologies. Thunderbolt 1 and 2 use the same connector as Mini DisplayPort (MDP), whereas Thunderbolt 3 and 4 reuse the USB-C connector from USB.	null	null	null	null	4
[ "Thunderbolt (interface)", "uses", "Mini DisplayPort" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Thunderbolt (interface)", "uses", "USB-C" ]	Thunderbolt is the brand name of a hardware interface for the connection of external peripherals to a computer. It has been developed by Intel, in collaboration with Apple. It was initially marketed under the name Light Peak, and first sold as part of an end-user product on 24 February 2011.Thunderbolt combines PCI Express (PCIe) and DisplayPort (DP) into two serial signals, and additionally provides DC power, all in one cable. Up to six peripherals may be supported by one connector through various topologies. Thunderbolt 1 and 2 use the same connector as Mini DisplayPort (MDP), whereas Thunderbolt 3 and 4 reuse the USB-C connector from USB.	null	null	null	null	6
[ "Thunderbolt (interface)", "uses", "USB-C Alternate Mode" ]	Thunderbolt is the brand name of a hardware interface for the connection of external peripherals to a computer. It has been developed by Intel, in collaboration with Apple. It was initially marketed under the name Light Peak, and first sold as part of an end-user product on 24 February 2011.Thunderbolt combines PCI Express (PCIe) and DisplayPort (DP) into two serial signals, and additionally provides DC power, all in one cable. Up to six peripherals may be supported by one connector through various topologies. Thunderbolt 1 and 2 use the same connector as Mini DisplayPort (MDP), whereas Thunderbolt 3 and 4 reuse the USB-C connector from USB.	null	null	null	null	7
[ "Thunderbolt (interface)", "uses", "DisplayPort" ]	Thunderbolt is the brand name of a hardware interface for the connection of external peripherals to a computer. It has been developed by Intel, in collaboration with Apple. It was initially marketed under the name Light Peak, and first sold as part of an end-user product on 24 February 2011.Thunderbolt combines PCI Express (PCIe) and DisplayPort (DP) into two serial signals, and additionally provides DC power, all in one cable. Up to six peripherals may be supported by one connector through various topologies. Thunderbolt 1 and 2 use the same connector as Mini DisplayPort (MDP), whereas Thunderbolt 3 and 4 reuse the USB-C connector from USB.Thunderbolt 2 In June 2013, Intel announced that the next version of Thunderbolt, based on the controller code-named "Falcon Ridge" (running at 20 Gbit/s), is officially named "Thunderbolt 2" and entered production in 2013. The data-rate of 20 Gbit/s is made possible by joining the two existing 10 Gbit/s-channels, which does not change the maximum bandwidth, but makes using it more flexible. In June 2013, Apple announced Mac Pro (Late 2013) featuring six Thunderbolt 2 ports. In October 2013, Apple announced MacBook Pro (Retina, 13-inch, Late 2013), and MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Late 2013) featuring two Thunderbolt 2 ports. In October 2014, Apple announced Mac mini (Late 2014), and iMac (Retina 5K, 27-inch, Late 2014) featuring two Thunderbolt 2 ports. In March 2015, Apple announced MacBook Air (11-inch, Early 2015), and MacBook Air (13-inch, Early 2015) featuring one Thunderbolt 2 port. At the physical level, the bandwidth of Thunderbolt 1 and Thunderbolt 2 are identical, and Thunderbolt 1 cabling is thus compatible with Thunderbolt 2 interfaces. At the logical level, Thunderbolt 2 enables channel aggregation, whereby the two previously separate 10 Gbit/s channels can be combined into a single logical 20 Gbit/s channel.Intel says Thunderbolt 2 will be able to transfer a 4K video while simultaneously displaying it on a discrete monitor.Thunderbolt 2 incorporates DisplayPort 1.2 support, which allows for video streaming to a single 4K video monitor or dual QHD monitors. Thunderbolt 2 is backwards compatible, which means that all Thunderbolt cables and connectors are compatible with Thunderbolt 1. The first Thunderbolt 2 product for the consumer market was Asus's Z87-Deluxe/Quad motherboard, announced on 19 August 2013, and the first system released with Thunderbolt 2 was Apple's late 2013 Retina MacBook Pro, on 22 October 2013.	null	null	null	null	9
[ "X3D", "has use", "3D computer graphics" ]		null	null	null	null	0
[ "X3D", "based on", "Virtual Reality Modeling Language" ]		null	null	null	null	2
[ "X3D", "replaces", "Virtual Reality Modeling Language" ]	X3D (Extensible 3D) is a set of royalty-free ISO/IEC standards for declaratively representing 3D computer graphics. X3D includes multiple graphics file formats, programming-language API definitions, and run-time specifications for both delivery and integration of interactive network-capable 3D data. X3D version 4.0 has been approved by Web3D Consortium, and is under final review by ISO/IEC as a revised International Standard (IS). X3D is specifically designed to work across diverse devices by using the Web Architecture. X3D provides a range of 3D functionality through Profiles, from basic asset Interchange and CADInterchange to Interactive, MPEG-4 Interactive, Medical, Immersive, and Full Profiles. Anatomically thorough support is also available for Humanoid Animation (HAnim) body structure and motion. The ‘X’ in X3D means Extensible: custom vendor and research component extensions can be added to standard functionality. X3D file format support includes XML, ClassicVRML, Compressed Binary Encoding (CBE) and a draft JSON encoding. Semantic Web support has also been demonstrated by a Turtle encoding. X3D became the successor to the Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) in 2001. X3D provides multiple extensions to VRML (e.g. CAD, geospatial, humanoid animation, NURBS, etc.), the ability to encode the scene using an XML syntax as well as the Open Inventor-like syntax of VRML97, or binary compression, with strongly typed APIs including ECMAScript, Java, Python and other programming languages. X3D rendering includes both classic (e.g. Blinn-Phong) and modern physically based rendering (PBR) methods matching glTF 2.0 capabilities. Use of custom shaders using three platform-specific shader languages is also defined. Authors can employ rich multimedia capabilities including various image and movie formats. Fully spatialized aural rendering applies W3C Web Audio API capabilities, plus audio inputs digitized using MIDI 2.0 or other sound formats. All X3D file encodings and programming-language APIs have equivalent expressive power, matching functional definitions in the X3D Architecture standard. Thus X3D can work with open standards including XML, Document Object Model (DOM), XPath and others.	null	null	null	null	3
[ "Compact disc", "owned by", "Sony" ]		null	null	null	null	1
[ "Compact disc", "followed by", "DVD" ]		null	null	null	null	2
[ "Compact disc", "different from", "CD-ROM" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Compact disc", "replaces", "vinyl record" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Compact disc", "topic's main category", "Category:Compact disc" ]		null	null	null	null	13
[ "Compact disc", "replaces", "phonograph record" ]		null	null	null	null	15
[ "Alpine F1 Team", "significant person", "Esteban Ocon" ]		null	null	null	null	2
[ "Alpine F1 Team", "owned by", "Renault" ]	Alpine F1 Team, competing as BWT Alpine F1 Team, is a Formula One constructor which made its debut at the start of the 2021 Formula One World Championship. Formerly named Renault F1 Team and owned by the French automotive company Groupe Renault, the team was rebranded for 2021 to promote Renault's sports car brand, Alpine, and continues to serve as Renault's works team. The chassis and managerial side of the team is based in Enstone, Oxfordshire, England, and the engine side of the team is based in Viry-Châtillon, a suburb of Paris, France. The team competes with a French licence.	null	null	null	null	3
[ "Alpine F1 Team", "replaces", "Renault F1 Team" ]	Alpine F1 Team, competing as BWT Alpine F1 Team, is a Formula One constructor which made its debut at the start of the 2021 Formula One World Championship. Formerly named Renault F1 Team and owned by the French automotive company Groupe Renault, the team was rebranded for 2021 to promote Renault's sports car brand, Alpine, and continues to serve as Renault's works team. The chassis and managerial side of the team is based in Enstone, Oxfordshire, England, and the engine side of the team is based in Viry-Châtillon, a suburb of Paris, France. The team competes with a French licence.	null	null	null	null	4
[ "Alpine F1 Team", "significant person", "Otmar Szafnauer" ]	2022 season In January 2022, both team principal, Marcin Budkowski, and non-executive director, Alain Prost, left their roles. Otmar Szafnauer, formerly of Aston Martin F1 Team, was announced as the new team principal in the same month. Former deputy secretary-general for sport at the FIA, Bruno Famin, has been recruited as executive director of Alpine at Viry-Châtillon, responsible for power-unit development. Famin had also previously led Peugeot to three consecutive Dakar Rally victories as head of its sporting division from 2016 to 2018, and a Le Mans 24 Hours triumph in 2009 as technical head of its endurance program. Oscar Piastri replaced Daniil Kvyat as test driver. In February 2022, BWT became the title sponsor of the team, in a deal aimed at sustainability drive.Alonso qualified in second for the Canadian Grand Prix, only behind Verstappen. This was his best finishing position since the 2012 German Grand Prix, though he suffered an issue in the race and finished in ninth.2023 season Alonso moved to Aston Martin for the 2023 season. Alpine announced that Piastri would be replacing Alonso; Piastri immediately denied he had a contract to race with the team. Team principal Szafnauer criticised Piastri, saying that Piastri should show more loyalty to Alpine, and claimed that Piastri was thankful when told about his F1 promotion prior to Alpine's announcement. In September 2022, a hearing of the Contract Recognition Board determined that Alpine did not have a valid contract with Piastri and was free to race with rival team McLaren in 2023. During the 2022 Japanese Grand Prix weekend the team confirmed that Pierre Gasly has signed a multiple year contract with them starting 2023. In July 2023, Laurent Rossi was replaced by Philippe Krief as CEO.	null	null	null	null	8
[ "Alpine F1 Team", "significant person", "Pierre Gasly" ]		null	null	null	null	9
[ "Ext3", "replaces", "ext2" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Ext4", "replaces", "ext3" ]	ext4 (fourth extended filesystem) is a journaling file system for Linux, developed as the successor to ext3. ext4 was initially a series of backward-compatible extensions to ext3, many of them originally developed by Cluster File Systems for the Lustre file system between 2003 and 2006, meant to extend storage limits and add other performance improvements. However, other Linux kernel developers opposed accepting extensions to ext3 for stability reasons, and proposed to fork the source code of ext3, rename it as ext4, and perform all the development there, without affecting existing ext3 users. This proposal was accepted, and on 28 June 2006, Theodore Ts'o, the ext3 maintainer, announced the new plan of development for ext4.A preliminary development version of ext4 was included in version 2.6.19 of the Linux kernel. On 11 October 2008, the patches that mark ext4 as stable code were merged in the Linux 2.6.28 source code repositories, denoting the end of the development phase and recommending ext4 adoption. Kernel 2.6.28, containing the ext4 filesystem, was finally released on 25 December 2008. On 15 January 2010, Google announced that it would upgrade its storage infrastructure from ext2 to ext4. On 14 December 2010, Google also announced it would use ext4, instead of YAFFS, on Android 2.3.	null	null	null	null	7
[ "Institut national du service public", "follows", "École nationale d'administration" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Institut national du service public", "replaces", "École nationale d'administration" ]		null	null	null	null	5
[ "Institut national du service public", "founded by", "Emmanuel Macron" ]		null	null	null	null	6
[ "Denmark–Norway", "replaces", "Kalmar Union" ]		null	null	null	null	10
[ "Denmark–Norway", "topic's main category", "Category:Denmark–Norway" ]		null	null	null	null	20
[ "Transitional Military Council (Chad)", "applies to jurisdiction", "Chad" ]	The Transitional Military Council (French: Conseil militaire de transition, CMT; Arabic: المجلس العسكري الانتقالي, al-Majlis al-‘askarī al-intiqālī) was a military junta that ruled Chad from 2021 to 2022. It announced the death of former President Idriss Déby on 20 April 2021, and declared that it would take charge of the government of Chad and continue hostilities against FACT rebels in the north of the country. It was chaired by Mahamat Idriss Déby, the son of the late President, making him the de facto President of Chad. It was dissolved on 10 October 2022, following a "national dialogue" that named Déby Transitional President and replaced the CMT with a transitional administration appointed by him.History Announcement of formation On 20 April 2021, the spokesman of the CMT, General Azem Bermandoa Agouna, announced its formation on state television, after the death of the former president Idriss Déby in combat against FACT rebels. On the same day, Mahamat Idriss Déby named 15 generals, including himself who will be part of the Council and 14 others who were loyalists to his father. It said that the Council would take power for eighteen months, after which elections will be held.	null	null	null	null	1
[ "Transitional Military Council (Chad)", "replaces", "Idriss Déby" ]	The Transitional Military Council (French: Conseil militaire de transition, CMT; Arabic: المجلس العسكري الانتقالي, al-Majlis al-‘askarī al-intiqālī) was a military junta that ruled Chad from 2021 to 2022. It announced the death of former President Idriss Déby on 20 April 2021, and declared that it would take charge of the government of Chad and continue hostilities against FACT rebels in the north of the country. It was chaired by Mahamat Idriss Déby, the son of the late President, making him the de facto President of Chad. It was dissolved on 10 October 2022, following a "national dialogue" that named Déby Transitional President and replaced the CMT with a transitional administration appointed by him.History Announcement of formation On 20 April 2021, the spokesman of the CMT, General Azem Bermandoa Agouna, announced its formation on state television, after the death of the former president Idriss Déby in combat against FACT rebels. On the same day, Mahamat Idriss Déby named 15 generals, including himself who will be part of the Council and 14 others who were loyalists to his father. It said that the Council would take power for eighteen months, after which elections will be held.	null	null	null	null	4
[ "Transitional Military Council (2019)", "follows", "Omar al-Bashir" ]		null	null	null	null	2
[ "Transitional Military Council (2019)", "replaces", "Omar al-Bashir" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Transitional Military Council (2019)", "different from", "Transitional Military Council" ]		null	null	null	null	4
[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "ARD" ]		null	null	null	null	3
[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "SWR X Lab" ]		null	null	null	null	9
[ "Südwestrundfunk", "replaces", "Süddeutscher Rundfunk" ]		null	null	null	null	12
[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Bavaria Film" ]		null	null	null	null	13
[ "Südwestrundfunk", "replaces", "Südwestfunk" ]	SWF 1 and SDR 1 became SWR1 Baden-Württemberg and SWR1 Rheinland-Pfalz: regional programmes for their respective states (Länder) S 2 Kultur became SWR2 SWF3 and SDR 3 became the pop station SWR3 S 4 Baden-Württemberg became SWR4 Baden-Württemberg SWF 4 Rheinland-Pfalz became SWR4 Rheinland-Pfalz DASDING was unchanged and continued broadcasting The television channel Südwest 3 became Südwest BW and Südwest RP, and today transmits as SWR FernsehenA radio news channel, SWR cont.ra, was added in July 2002. This was relaunched with a new programme format on 9 January 2012 as SWRinfo. It was relaunched again as SWR Aktuell on 6 February 2017	null	null	null	null	15
[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Sender Bodenheim" ]		null	null	null	null	16
[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Fernsehturm Waldenburg" ]		null	null	null	null	19
[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Sender Wannenberg" ]		null	null	null	null	21
[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Sender Bad Kreuznach-Kauzenburg" ]		null	null	null	null	22
[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Sender Rosenegg" ]		null	null	null	null	23
[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Sender Trier-Markusberg" ]		null	null	null	null	25
[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Funkhaus Stuttgart" ]		null	null	null	null	26
[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "SWR2 Archivradio" ]		null	null	null	null	27
[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Sender Aalen" ]		null	null	null	null	28
[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Löffelstelzen radio transmitter" ]		null	null	null	null	29
[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Sender Donnersberg" ]		null	null	null	null	30
[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Hornisgrinde transmitter" ]		null	null	null	null	31

[ "Kingdom of the Suebi", "replaces", "Gallaecia" ]

King Rechila In 438 Hermeric became ill. Having annexed the entirety of the former Roman province of Gallaecia, he made peace with the local population, and retired, leaving his son Rechila as king of the Sueves. Rechila saw an opportunity for expansion and began pushing to other areas of the Iberian Peninsula. In the same year he campaigned in Baetica, defeating in open battle the Romanae militiae dux Andevotus by the banks of the Genil river, capturing a large treasure. A year later, in 439, the Sueves invaded Lusitania and entered into its capital, Mérida, which briefly became the new capital of their kingdom. Rechila continued with the expansion of the kingdom, and by 440 he fruitfully besieged and forced the surrender of a Roman official, count Censorius, in the strategic city of Mértola. Next year, in 441, the armies of Rechila conquered Seville, just months after the death of the old king Hermeric, who had ruled his people for more than thirty years. With the conquest of Seville, capital of Baetica, the Suevi managed to control Baetica and Carthaginensis. It has been said, however, that the Suevi conquest of Baetica and Carthaginensis was limited to raids, and Suevi presence, if any, was minute. In 446, the Romans dispatched to the provinces of Baetica and Carthaginensis the magister utriusque militiae Vitus, who, assisted by a large number of Goths, attempted to subdue the Suevi and restore imperial administration in Hispania. Rechila marched to meet the Romans, and after defeating the Goths, Vitus fled in disgrace; no more imperial attempts were made to retake Hispania. In 448, Rechila died as a pagan, leaving the crown to his son, Rechiar.

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8

[ "Rolladen-Schneider LS6", "has use", "cross-country flying" ]

null

2

[ "Rolladen-Schneider LS6", "based on", "Rolladen Schneider LS3" ]

null

3

[ "Rolladen-Schneider LS6", "follows", "Rolladen Schneider LS3" ]

null

4

[ "Rolladen-Schneider LS6", "replaces", "Rolladen Schneider LS3" ]

null

5

[ "Rolladen-Schneider LS6", "followed by", "Rolladen Schneider LS7" ]

null

7

[ "Rolladen-Schneider LS6", "has use", "gliding competition" ]

null

8

[ "Postbus", "replaces", "stagecoach" ]

By country Austria In Austria, the postbus system is known as Postbus. From 1907 onwards power-driven vehicles were operated by the Imperial-Royal Post- und Telegraphenverwaltung, gradually replacing the former stagecoach service. In the course of the privatisation of the Österreichische Post, the Österreichische Industrieholding sold the postbus branch to the Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB) group in 2003. Today the ÖBB-Postbus GmbH is the country's largest bus company serving regional and interurban traffic with about 4000 employees and 2100 buses. The corporation also comprises the ÖBB's former railway bus service (KÖB) as well as the Czech ČSAD Autobusy company in České Budějovice acquired in 2004.

null

3

[ "Académie des Beaux-Arts", "main subject", "fine art" ]

null

3

[ "Académie des Beaux-Arts", "follows", "Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture" ]

null

4

[ "Académie des Beaux-Arts", "replaces", "Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture" ]

null

5

[ "Académie des Beaux-Arts", "follows", "Académie Royale d'Architecture" ]

null

6

[ "Académie des Beaux-Arts", "follows", "Académie Royale de Musique" ]

null

11

[ "Académie des Beaux-Arts", "topic's main category", "Category:Académie des beaux-arts (France)" ]

null

13

[ "Martin Marietta X-24B", "replaces", "Martin Marietta X-24" ]

null

3

[ "National Library of Poland", "significant event", "destruction of Warsaw" ]

null

9

[ "National Library of Poland", "replaces", "Załuski Library" ]

null

10

[ "National Library of Poland", "topic's main category", "Category:National Library of Poland" ]

null

16

[ "Fingal", "replaces", "County Dublin" ]

null

3

[ "Fingal", "topic's main category", "Category:Fingal" ]

null

11

[ "Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown", "replaces", "County Dublin" ]

Towns, villages and suburbs Administrative history In 1986, the administrative county of Dublin was divided into three "electoral counties": Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown, Dublin—Fingal, and Dublin—Belgard. The city has been administered separately from County Dublin since 1548. An "area committee" for the electoral county was formed within Dublin County Council under the Local Government Act 1991,On 1 January 1994, County Dublin and the Borough of Dún Laoghaire were abolished and the three electoral counties became the administrative counties of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown, Fingal, and South Dublin respectively. Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown comprises the former Borough of Dún Laoghaire and the south-eastern part of the former County Dublin. Additionally, the powers of the former Deansgrange Joint Burial Board were subsumed into the new authority. From 2002, all "administrative counties" in Ireland were redesignated as "counties". The three counties together with Dublin city constitute the traditional County Dublin.

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4

[ "Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown", "topic's main category", "Category:Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown" ]

null

5

[ "South Dublin", "replaces", "County Dublin" ]

History In 1985, County Dublin was divided into three electoral counties: Dublin–Fingal, Dublin–Belgard, and Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown. At the 1991 local election, the area of Dublin–Belgard was renamed as South Dublin. The name Belgard did have a historical association with the area, being the designation of one of the border fortresses of the Pale that existed in that area. It was altered due to a view that the name Belgard might create associations with areas of modern development in Tallaght that now also uses that name.On 1 January 1994, under the provisions of the Local Government (Dublin) Act 1993, County Dublin ceased to exist, and was succeeded by the counties of Fingal, Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown and South Dublin in the areas of the electoral counties. The boundaries of South Dublin were finalised in 1993, to accommodate the M50 motorway.Various organs of state use alternative subdivisions of Dublin for administrative reasons, for example, the Dublin postal codes.

null

3

[ "South Dublin", "owner of", "Tallaght Stadium" ]

null

6

[ "South Dublin", "topic's main category", "Category:South Dublin (county)" ]

null

8

[ "Antonine Wall", "replaces", "Hadrian's Wall" ]

null

5

[ "Antonine Wall", "topic's main category", "Category:Antonine Wall" ]

null

12

[ "Antonine Wall", "has part(s) of the class", "geographical section of Antonine Wall" ]

null

19

[ "Antonine Wall", "has part(s) of the class", "scheduled section of Antonine Wall" ]

null

20

[ "National Guard Forces Command", "different from", "Russian Guard (1991 military formation)" ]

null

1

[ "National Guard Forces Command", "topic's main category", "Category:National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation" ]

null

2

[ "National Guard Forces Command", "replaces", "Internal Troops of Russia" ]

null

3

[ "National Guard Forces Command", "follows", "Special Corps of Gendarmes" ]

null

5

[ "Merger of Paris Métro Lines 3bis and 7bis", "replaces", "Paris Métro Line 7bis" ]

null

4

[ "Merger of Paris Métro Lines 3bis and 7bis", "replaces", "Paris Métro Line 3bis" ]

null

8

[ "New Republic (Star Wars)", "replaces", "Rebel Alliance" ]

null

4

[ "New Republic (Star Wars)", "follows", "Galactic Empire" ]

null

5

[ "New Republic (Star Wars)", "followed by", "First Order" ]

null

7

[ "IPhone 5s", "follows", "iPhone 5" ]

null

4

[ "IPhone 5s", "replaces", "iPhone 5" ]

The iPhone 5s is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. It is the seventh generation of the iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 5, and unveiled in September 2013, alongside the iPhone 5c.The iPhone 5s maintained almost the same external design as its predecessor, the iPhone 5, although the 5s received a new white/gold color scheme in addition to white/silver and space gray/black. The 5s has vastly upgraded internal hardware, however. It introduced the A7 64-bit dual-core system-on-chip, the first 64-bit processor to be used on a smartphone, accompanied by the M7 "motion co-processor". A redesigned home button with Touch ID, a fingerprint recognition system which can be used to unlock the phone and authenticate App Store and iTunes Store purchases, was also introduced. The camera was also updated with a larger aperture and a dual-LED flash optimized for different color temperatures. Earphones known as EarPods were included with the 5s, and Apple released accessories including a case and a dock. It had a 4-inch display, similar to the iPhone 5 and iPhone 5c. The iPhone 5s originally shipped with iOS 7, which introduced a revamped visual appearance among other new features. Designed by Jony Ive, iOS 7 departed from skeuomorphic elements used in previous versions of iOS in favor of a flat, colorful design. Among new software features introduced to the iPhone 5s were AirDrop, an ad-hoc Wi-Fi sharing platform; Control Center, a control panel containing a number of commonly used functions; and iTunes Radio, an internet radio service. The 5s is the first iPhone to be supported through six major versions of iOS, from iOS 7 to iOS 12, along with the iPhone 6s and the first-generation iPhone SE which were supported from iOS 9 to iOS 15, and the second iOS device to support six major updates – the first being the iPad 2 which supported iOS versions 4 to 9. Reception towards the device was positive, with some outlets considering it to be the best smartphone available on the market due to its upgraded hardware, Touch ID, and other changes introduced by iOS 7. Some criticized the iPhone 5s for keeping the design and small display of the iPhone 5, and others expressed security concerns about the Touch ID system. Nine million units of the iPhone 5s and iPhone 5c were sold on the weekend of their release, breaking Apple's sales record for iPhones. The iPhone 5s was the best selling phone on all major U.S. carriers in September 2013.The iPhone 5s was succeeded as Apple's flagship smartphone by the larger iPhone 6 in September 2014. On March 21, 2016, the iPhone 5s was discontinued following the release of the iPhone SE, which incorporated internal hardware similar to the iPhone 6s while retaining the smaller form factor and design of the 5s.Reception Critical reception The iPhone 5s received a positive reception from reviewers and commentators. Walt Mossberg of All Things Digital gave the phone a favorable review, saying that Touch ID "sounds like a gimmick, but it's a real advance, the biggest step ever in biometric authentication for everyday devices," and labeled it "the best smartphone on the market." David Pogue of The New York Times praised Touch ID, but said that the innovation of the smartphone market has been saturated, and "maybe the age of annual mega-leaps is over." He focused much of his review on iOS 7, which he believed was the biggest change of the device over previous generations, praising new Siri features, Control Center, and AirDrop. In an editorial, Pogue stated that iOS 7 was the biggest change in the iPhone series, citing utilitarian interface changes as the main contributor to this. Scott Stein of CNET criticized the lack of design change over iPhone 5 and said that although the iPhone 5s "is not a required upgrade, but it's easily the fastest and most advanced Apple smartphone to date." Although praised for its camera, 64-bit A7 chip, M7 motion-chip, and fingerprint scanning capabilities, some investors thought that the iPhone 5s, although a notable improvement over the iPhone 5, was still relatively unchanged from its predecessor, and worried that the iPhone line had become a stagnant, dull product. Apple's share price fell 5.4% after the launch to close at a month low of $467.71 on the NASDAQ.Darrell Etherington of TechCrunch who praised the iPhone 5s as the best smartphone available said "looks may not be different from the iPhone 5, but the internal components have a dramatic impact on day-to-day activities normal for a smartphone user," and went into detail explaining the impact of the improved camera and specifications on the phone. Etherington suggested that the 64-bit A7 processor will not reach its full potential until developers create applications supporting it. Myriam Joire of Engadget found that the iPhone 5s could benefit significantly from the A7 if developers created applications optimized for the 64-bit processor. Anand Lal Shimpi of AnandTech praised the phone's A7 processor, describing it as "seriously impressive", and stated that it was the most "futureproof of any iPhone ever launched. As much as it pains me to use the word futureproof if you are one of those people who likes to hold onto their device for a while – the iPhone 5s is as good a starting point as any." Scott Lowe of IGN also spoke highly of its 64-bit processor, "which has a substantial lead in processing power over the HTC One and Samsung Galaxy S4, accounting for a graphics boost of up to 32% and 38% in CPU benchmarks." The debut of Apple's 64-bit A7 processor took rival Android smartphone makers by surprise, particularly Qualcomm whose own 64-bit system-on-chip was not released until 2015.Most reviewers recommended the iPhone 5s over the iPhone 5c which was released at the same time. The 5c retained almost the same hardware as the discontinued iPhone 5, while the iPhone 5s featured substantially improved performance/features thanks to its new 64-bit A7 processor, as well as extra storage space, all for a relatively small additional upfront cost over the iPhone 5c (US$650 versus US$550 in March 2014). This was especially the case when iOS 8 was released and both iPhone 5s and iPhone 5c were moved to the mid and low end of the iPhone range, respectively; the iPhone 5s still had 16 or 32 GB (14.9 or 29.8 GiB) storage available while the iPhone 5c had to make do with 8 GB storage with only 4.9GB available to the user after installing iOS 8. Furthermore, the 5c's polycarbonate exterior received a mixed reception and was seen as a cost-cutting downgrade compared to the iPhone 5's aluminum/glass case; the 5s retained the latter design and looked even more premium due to its additional gold finish.As of 2015–16, there were still a significant number of customers who preferred the 4-inch screen size of iPhone 5s, which remained the second-most popular iPhone after the iPhone 6 and ahead of the iPhone 6s. Apple stated in their event that they sold 30 million 4-inch iPhones in 2015, even as that form factor was succeeded as the flagship iPhone by the redesigned larger display 4.7/5.5-inch iPhone 6 and 6 Plus back in September 2014. Furthermore, the 5/5s design was regarded as "long been the golden child of Apple phone design and a benchmark for phones in general" (with the 5s's gold finish adding a premium touch to the 5's already well-regarded look), while the succeeding 6 and 6S design was less critically acclaimed as it "felt a little bit wrong, as though you were holding a slick $650 bar of soap". The iPhone 5 was described as "elegance rooted in the way the aluminum and glass work together. It felt streamlined, yet substantial, which is different from iPhone 6, which feels substantial in size alone. Plus, unlike the ubiquitous rounded corners of the 6, iPhone 5 didn't really look like anything else on the market at the time". However, the iPhone 5/5s design was not suited to scaling up, in contrast to the iPhone 6/6S which could better accommodate the growing consumer trend towards larger screen sizes and indeed spawned the 6/6S Plus phablet models. When Apple discontinued the iPhone 5s, it was replaced by the first-generation iPhone SE which outwardly appears almost identical to the 5s even as the SE's internal hardware has been upgraded significantly.

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5

[ "IPhone 5s", "followed by", "iPhone 6" ]

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22

[ "Zabaykalsky Krai", "replaces", "Chita Oblast" ]

null

4

[ "Zabaykalsky Krai", "replaces", "Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug" ]

Zabaykalsky Krai is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the Russian Far East. Its administrative center is Chita. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 1,107,107.The krai was created on March 1, 2008 as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug, after a referendum held on the issue on March 11, 2007. In 2018, the krai became part of the Far Eastern Federal District.

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5

[ "Zabaykalsky Krai", "different from", "Transbaikal" ]

null

6

[ "Zabaykalsky Krai", "topic's main category", "Category:Zabaykalsky Krai" ]

null

12

[ "Radio Television of Serbia", "replaces", "Yugoslav Radio Television" ]

null

2

[ "Radio Television of Serbia", "owner of", "RTS 2" ]

null

3

[ "Radio Television of Serbia", "owner of", "RTS 1" ]

null

4

[ "Radio Television of Serbia", "replaces", "Udruženje javnih radija i televizija" ]

null

5

[ "Radio Television of Serbia", "topic's main category", "Category:Radio Television of Serbia" ]

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6

[ "Thunderbolt (interface)", "different from", "Lightning" ]

null

2

[ "Thunderbolt (interface)", "replaces", "IEEE 1394" ]

null

3

[ "Thunderbolt (interface)", "uses", "PCI Express" ]

Thunderbolt is the brand name of a hardware interface for the connection of external peripherals to a computer. It has been developed by Intel, in collaboration with Apple. It was initially marketed under the name Light Peak, and first sold as part of an end-user product on 24 February 2011.Thunderbolt combines PCI Express (PCIe) and DisplayPort (DP) into two serial signals, and additionally provides DC power, all in one cable. Up to six peripherals may be supported by one connector through various topologies. Thunderbolt 1 and 2 use the same connector as Mini DisplayPort (MDP), whereas Thunderbolt 3 and 4 reuse the USB-C connector from USB.

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4

[ "Thunderbolt (interface)", "uses", "Mini DisplayPort" ]

null

5

[ "Thunderbolt (interface)", "uses", "USB-C" ]

Thunderbolt is the brand name of a hardware interface for the connection of external peripherals to a computer. It has been developed by Intel, in collaboration with Apple. It was initially marketed under the name Light Peak, and first sold as part of an end-user product on 24 February 2011.Thunderbolt combines PCI Express (PCIe) and DisplayPort (DP) into two serial signals, and additionally provides DC power, all in one cable. Up to six peripherals may be supported by one connector through various topologies. Thunderbolt 1 and 2 use the same connector as Mini DisplayPort (MDP), whereas Thunderbolt 3 and 4 reuse the USB-C connector from USB.

null

6

[ "Thunderbolt (interface)", "uses", "USB-C Alternate Mode" ]

Thunderbolt is the brand name of a hardware interface for the connection of external peripherals to a computer. It has been developed by Intel, in collaboration with Apple. It was initially marketed under the name Light Peak, and first sold as part of an end-user product on 24 February 2011.Thunderbolt combines PCI Express (PCIe) and DisplayPort (DP) into two serial signals, and additionally provides DC power, all in one cable. Up to six peripherals may be supported by one connector through various topologies. Thunderbolt 1 and 2 use the same connector as Mini DisplayPort (MDP), whereas Thunderbolt 3 and 4 reuse the USB-C connector from USB.

null

7

[ "Thunderbolt (interface)", "uses", "DisplayPort" ]

Thunderbolt is the brand name of a hardware interface for the connection of external peripherals to a computer. It has been developed by Intel, in collaboration with Apple. It was initially marketed under the name Light Peak, and first sold as part of an end-user product on 24 February 2011.Thunderbolt combines PCI Express (PCIe) and DisplayPort (DP) into two serial signals, and additionally provides DC power, all in one cable. Up to six peripherals may be supported by one connector through various topologies. Thunderbolt 1 and 2 use the same connector as Mini DisplayPort (MDP), whereas Thunderbolt 3 and 4 reuse the USB-C connector from USB.Thunderbolt 2 In June 2013, Intel announced that the next version of Thunderbolt, based on the controller code-named "Falcon Ridge" (running at 20 Gbit/s), is officially named "Thunderbolt 2" and entered production in 2013. The data-rate of 20 Gbit/s is made possible by joining the two existing 10 Gbit/s-channels, which does not change the maximum bandwidth, but makes using it more flexible. In June 2013, Apple announced Mac Pro (Late 2013) featuring six Thunderbolt 2 ports. In October 2013, Apple announced MacBook Pro (Retina, 13-inch, Late 2013), and MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Late 2013) featuring two Thunderbolt 2 ports. In October 2014, Apple announced Mac mini (Late 2014), and iMac (Retina 5K, 27-inch, Late 2014) featuring two Thunderbolt 2 ports. In March 2015, Apple announced MacBook Air (11-inch, Early 2015), and MacBook Air (13-inch, Early 2015) featuring one Thunderbolt 2 port. At the physical level, the bandwidth of Thunderbolt 1 and Thunderbolt 2 are identical, and Thunderbolt 1 cabling is thus compatible with Thunderbolt 2 interfaces. At the logical level, Thunderbolt 2 enables channel aggregation, whereby the two previously separate 10 Gbit/s channels can be combined into a single logical 20 Gbit/s channel.Intel says Thunderbolt 2 will be able to transfer a 4K video while simultaneously displaying it on a discrete monitor.Thunderbolt 2 incorporates DisplayPort 1.2 support, which allows for video streaming to a single 4K video monitor or dual QHD monitors. Thunderbolt 2 is backwards compatible, which means that all Thunderbolt cables and connectors are compatible with Thunderbolt 1. The first Thunderbolt 2 product for the consumer market was Asus's Z87-Deluxe/Quad motherboard, announced on 19 August 2013, and the first system released with Thunderbolt 2 was Apple's late 2013 Retina MacBook Pro, on 22 October 2013.

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9

[ "X3D", "has use", "3D computer graphics" ]

null

0

[ "X3D", "based on", "Virtual Reality Modeling Language" ]

null

2

[ "X3D", "replaces", "Virtual Reality Modeling Language" ]

X3D (Extensible 3D) is a set of royalty-free ISO/IEC standards for declaratively representing 3D computer graphics. X3D includes multiple graphics file formats, programming-language API definitions, and run-time specifications for both delivery and integration of interactive network-capable 3D data. X3D version 4.0 has been approved by Web3D Consortium, and is under final review by ISO/IEC as a revised International Standard (IS). X3D is specifically designed to work across diverse devices by using the Web Architecture. X3D provides a range of 3D functionality through Profiles, from basic asset Interchange and CADInterchange to Interactive, MPEG-4 Interactive, Medical, Immersive, and Full Profiles. Anatomically thorough support is also available for Humanoid Animation (HAnim) body structure and motion. The ‘X’ in X3D means Extensible: custom vendor and research component extensions can be added to standard functionality. X3D file format support includes XML, ClassicVRML, Compressed Binary Encoding (CBE) and a draft JSON encoding. Semantic Web support has also been demonstrated by a Turtle encoding. X3D became the successor to the Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) in 2001. X3D provides multiple extensions to VRML (e.g. CAD, geospatial, humanoid animation, NURBS, etc.), the ability to encode the scene using an XML syntax as well as the Open Inventor-like syntax of VRML97, or binary compression, with strongly typed APIs including ECMAScript, Java, Python and other programming languages. X3D rendering includes both classic (e.g. Blinn-Phong) and modern physically based rendering (PBR) methods matching glTF 2.0 capabilities. Use of custom shaders using three platform-specific shader languages is also defined. Authors can employ rich multimedia capabilities including various image and movie formats. Fully spatialized aural rendering applies W3C Web Audio API capabilities, plus audio inputs digitized using MIDI 2.0 or other sound formats. All X3D file encodings and programming-language APIs have equivalent expressive power, matching functional definitions in the X3D Architecture standard. Thus X3D can work with open standards including XML, Document Object Model (DOM), XPath and others.

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3

[ "Compact disc", "owned by", "Sony" ]

null

1

[ "Compact disc", "followed by", "DVD" ]

null

2

[ "Compact disc", "different from", "CD-ROM" ]

null

3

[ "Compact disc", "replaces", "vinyl record" ]

null

5

[ "Compact disc", "topic's main category", "Category:Compact disc" ]

null

13

[ "Compact disc", "replaces", "phonograph record" ]

null

15

[ "Alpine F1 Team", "significant person", "Esteban Ocon" ]

null

2

[ "Alpine F1 Team", "owned by", "Renault" ]

Alpine F1 Team, competing as BWT Alpine F1 Team, is a Formula One constructor which made its debut at the start of the 2021 Formula One World Championship. Formerly named Renault F1 Team and owned by the French automotive company Groupe Renault, the team was rebranded for 2021 to promote Renault's sports car brand, Alpine, and continues to serve as Renault's works team. The chassis and managerial side of the team is based in Enstone, Oxfordshire, England, and the engine side of the team is based in Viry-Châtillon, a suburb of Paris, France. The team competes with a French licence.

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3

[ "Alpine F1 Team", "replaces", "Renault F1 Team" ]

Alpine F1 Team, competing as BWT Alpine F1 Team, is a Formula One constructor which made its debut at the start of the 2021 Formula One World Championship. Formerly named Renault F1 Team and owned by the French automotive company Groupe Renault, the team was rebranded for 2021 to promote Renault's sports car brand, Alpine, and continues to serve as Renault's works team. The chassis and managerial side of the team is based in Enstone, Oxfordshire, England, and the engine side of the team is based in Viry-Châtillon, a suburb of Paris, France. The team competes with a French licence.

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4

[ "Alpine F1 Team", "significant person", "Otmar Szafnauer" ]

2022 season In January 2022, both team principal, Marcin Budkowski, and non-executive director, Alain Prost, left their roles. Otmar Szafnauer, formerly of Aston Martin F1 Team, was announced as the new team principal in the same month. Former deputy secretary-general for sport at the FIA, Bruno Famin, has been recruited as executive director of Alpine at Viry-Châtillon, responsible for power-unit development. Famin had also previously led Peugeot to three consecutive Dakar Rally victories as head of its sporting division from 2016 to 2018, and a Le Mans 24 Hours triumph in 2009 as technical head of its endurance program. Oscar Piastri replaced Daniil Kvyat as test driver. In February 2022, BWT became the title sponsor of the team, in a deal aimed at sustainability drive.Alonso qualified in second for the Canadian Grand Prix, only behind Verstappen. This was his best finishing position since the 2012 German Grand Prix, though he suffered an issue in the race and finished in ninth.2023 season Alonso moved to Aston Martin for the 2023 season. Alpine announced that Piastri would be replacing Alonso; Piastri immediately denied he had a contract to race with the team. Team principal Szafnauer criticised Piastri, saying that Piastri should show more loyalty to Alpine, and claimed that Piastri was thankful when told about his F1 promotion prior to Alpine's announcement. In September 2022, a hearing of the Contract Recognition Board determined that Alpine did not have a valid contract with Piastri and was free to race with rival team McLaren in 2023. During the 2022 Japanese Grand Prix weekend the team confirmed that Pierre Gasly has signed a multiple year contract with them starting 2023. In July 2023, Laurent Rossi was replaced by Philippe Krief as CEO.

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8

[ "Alpine F1 Team", "significant person", "Pierre Gasly" ]

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9

[ "Ext3", "replaces", "ext2" ]

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4

[ "Ext4", "replaces", "ext3" ]

ext4 (fourth extended filesystem) is a journaling file system for Linux, developed as the successor to ext3. ext4 was initially a series of backward-compatible extensions to ext3, many of them originally developed by Cluster File Systems for the Lustre file system between 2003 and 2006, meant to extend storage limits and add other performance improvements. However, other Linux kernel developers opposed accepting extensions to ext3 for stability reasons, and proposed to fork the source code of ext3, rename it as ext4, and perform all the development there, without affecting existing ext3 users. This proposal was accepted, and on 28 June 2006, Theodore Ts'o, the ext3 maintainer, announced the new plan of development for ext4.A preliminary development version of ext4 was included in version 2.6.19 of the Linux kernel. On 11 October 2008, the patches that mark ext4 as stable code were merged in the Linux 2.6.28 source code repositories, denoting the end of the development phase and recommending ext4 adoption. Kernel 2.6.28, containing the ext4 filesystem, was finally released on 25 December 2008. On 15 January 2010, Google announced that it would upgrade its storage infrastructure from ext2 to ext4. On 14 December 2010, Google also announced it would use ext4, instead of YAFFS, on Android 2.3.

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7

[ "Institut national du service public", "follows", "École nationale d'administration" ]

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4

[ "Institut national du service public", "replaces", "École nationale d'administration" ]

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5

[ "Institut national du service public", "founded by", "Emmanuel Macron" ]

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6

[ "Denmark–Norway", "replaces", "Kalmar Union" ]

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10

[ "Denmark–Norway", "topic's main category", "Category:Denmark–Norway" ]

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20

[ "Transitional Military Council (Chad)", "applies to jurisdiction", "Chad" ]

The Transitional Military Council (French: Conseil militaire de transition, CMT; Arabic: المجلس العسكري الانتقالي, al-Majlis al-‘askarī al-intiqālī) was a military junta that ruled Chad from 2021 to 2022. It announced the death of former President Idriss Déby on 20 April 2021, and declared that it would take charge of the government of Chad and continue hostilities against FACT rebels in the north of the country. It was chaired by Mahamat Idriss Déby, the son of the late President, making him the de facto President of Chad. It was dissolved on 10 October 2022, following a "national dialogue" that named Déby Transitional President and replaced the CMT with a transitional administration appointed by him.History Announcement of formation On 20 April 2021, the spokesman of the CMT, General Azem Bermandoa Agouna, announced its formation on state television, after the death of the former president Idriss Déby in combat against FACT rebels. On the same day, Mahamat Idriss Déby named 15 generals, including himself who will be part of the Council and 14 others who were loyalists to his father. It said that the Council would take power for eighteen months, after which elections will be held.

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1

[ "Transitional Military Council (Chad)", "replaces", "Idriss Déby" ]

The Transitional Military Council (French: Conseil militaire de transition, CMT; Arabic: المجلس العسكري الانتقالي, al-Majlis al-‘askarī al-intiqālī) was a military junta that ruled Chad from 2021 to 2022. It announced the death of former President Idriss Déby on 20 April 2021, and declared that it would take charge of the government of Chad and continue hostilities against FACT rebels in the north of the country. It was chaired by Mahamat Idriss Déby, the son of the late President, making him the de facto President of Chad. It was dissolved on 10 October 2022, following a "national dialogue" that named Déby Transitional President and replaced the CMT with a transitional administration appointed by him.History Announcement of formation On 20 April 2021, the spokesman of the CMT, General Azem Bermandoa Agouna, announced its formation on state television, after the death of the former president Idriss Déby in combat against FACT rebels. On the same day, Mahamat Idriss Déby named 15 generals, including himself who will be part of the Council and 14 others who were loyalists to his father. It said that the Council would take power for eighteen months, after which elections will be held.

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4

[ "Transitional Military Council (2019)", "follows", "Omar al-Bashir" ]

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2

[ "Transitional Military Council (2019)", "replaces", "Omar al-Bashir" ]

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3

[ "Transitional Military Council (2019)", "different from", "Transitional Military Council" ]

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4

[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "ARD" ]

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3

[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "SWR X Lab" ]

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9

[ "Südwestrundfunk", "replaces", "Süddeutscher Rundfunk" ]

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12

[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Bavaria Film" ]

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13

[ "Südwestrundfunk", "replaces", "Südwestfunk" ]

SWF 1 and SDR 1 became SWR1 Baden-Württemberg and SWR1 Rheinland-Pfalz: regional programmes for their respective states (Länder) S 2 Kultur became SWR2 SWF3 and SDR 3 became the pop station SWR3 S 4 Baden-Württemberg became SWR4 Baden-Württemberg SWF 4 Rheinland-Pfalz became SWR4 Rheinland-Pfalz DASDING was unchanged and continued broadcasting The television channel Südwest 3 became Südwest BW and Südwest RP, and today transmits as SWR FernsehenA radio news channel, SWR cont.ra, was added in July 2002. This was relaunched with a new programme format on 9 January 2012 as SWRinfo. It was relaunched again as SWR Aktuell on 6 February 2017

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15

[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Sender Bodenheim" ]

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16

[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Fernsehturm Waldenburg" ]

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19

[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Sender Wannenberg" ]

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21

[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Sender Bad Kreuznach-Kauzenburg" ]

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22

[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Sender Rosenegg" ]

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23

[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Sender Trier-Markusberg" ]

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25

[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Funkhaus Stuttgart" ]

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26

[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "SWR2 Archivradio" ]

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27

[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Sender Aalen" ]

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28

[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Löffelstelzen radio transmitter" ]

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29

[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Sender Donnersberg" ]

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30

[ "Südwestrundfunk", "owner of", "Hornisgrinde transmitter" ]

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31