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THE age of Louis XIV was an age of great men, of the arts, of culture and refinement. We have now to review that which followed it--stormy at the outset, abounding in splendor for fifty years, closing in gloom as it had begun in faction. Louis XV was an orphan and a child. It would have been a long and dangerous affair to summon the States-General to settle the powers of the regency. It was the Parliament of Paris which set aside the will of Louis XIV and declared his grandson, Philip of Orleans, possessed of the full powers.
The regent, who hoped to succeed to the throne of France, at once allied himself closely with England and broke with the Spanish court. Alberoni, the Spanish minister, bent on seizing Sicily and Sardinia, fabricated a huge plot against France and England; the plot was revealed and frustrated by the theft of certain papers which were placed in the hands of Orleans. War broke out. The English shattered the Spanish fleet at Messina; Alberoni disappeared from European politics.
The agencies which threatened to make the regency stormy were all suppressed. The public tranquillity permitted the whole population to become absorbed in a great gamble. The Scottish adventurer, John Law, was permitted to set up his bank and the Mississippi Company on a system which, kept within due limits, would have been useful. The whole of the national finances passed under Law's control. The country was flooded with paper money. At the moment when public credit was collapsing with a crash, Law was made controller-general; immediately afterwards he was an almost penniless fugitive. France had but been the victim of an epidemic which attacked England and Holland, too. An immediate consequence of the disaster was that an immense number of people were impoverished; in sum nevertheless, the whole affair resulted in a general development of commercial enterprise.
The death of Dubois, the regent's minister, in 1723, was soon followed by that of the regent himself, just after the young king attained his majority. The Duke of Bourbon succeeded to the office of first minister. Like every member of his house, Bourbon was the victim of clerical antagonism; he was supplanted and driven from the court by Fleury, the king's tutor, afterwards cardinal. Up to the age of seventy-three, Fleury was regarded as an amiable man and a charming companion; at that age he took up the task of government, which he carried on for sixteen years with unfailing prosperity.
Happily for Europe, the first minister of England, Robert Walpole, was of a like pacific character. These two men continued to maintain nearly all Europe at peace till 1733. During this period two powers were established of which Europe had scarcely heard before--Russia, raised out of barbarism by Peter the Great, and Prussia. From Russia to Spain all Europe was at peace, when the death of the King of Poland, Augustus II of Saxony, plunged it once more into those discords from which it is so rarely free.
Stanislas Leczinski, whose daughter Louis had married, was duly elected; the emperor, supported by Russia, set up Augustus, son of the late king. France, in alliance with Spain and Sardinia, attacked Austria; England and Holland did not intervene. In the outcome, Lorraine went to France (temporarily to Stanislas), its Duke Francis taking Tuscany, while Don Carlos got Naples and Sicily.
The emperor died in 1740. His daughter Maria Theresa claimed the Austrian succession, guaranteed under the Pragmatic Sanction. Other claimants, notably the Elector of Bavaria, came forward for portions of the inheritance. Frederick of Prussia claimed Silesia; on Maria Theresa's refusal, his armies entered the province in December 1740. The Prussian infantry, by converting imminent defeat into decisive victory at Molwitz, proved its worth. The battle was the signal for a general conflagration.
The marshal and the chevalier of Belleisle were the controlling force in France; they negotiated alliances with Prussia, Poland and Bavaria; and the Elector entered the Austrian territory. England, Holland and Hanover would not, or could not, move. Maria Theresa threw herself on the support of her Hungarian subjects, who espoused her cause with enthusiasm. But Frederick made himself master of Silesia, and the Elector of Bavaria, now the Emperor Charles VII, captured Prague. Now, however, dissensions arose among the victors; and Charles of Lorraine, brother-in-law of Maria Theresa, conducted an effective defensive campaign in Bohemia. The war rolled back to the Rhine. By this time France and England, though professedly merely 'auxiliaries,' had really become principals in the war, and now (January 1743) Fleury died.
Spain and England were already at war with each other before the death of Charles VII. All Europe was involved in the general turmoil. In March 1744, Louis openly declared war both on England and on the Queen of Hungary (Maria Theresa). A French force under Conti entered Italy; but the Emperor Charles VII met with reverses. Marshal Noailles succeeded in entrapping George II of England and cutting his communications; the English, however, retrieved the position by their victory at Dettingen.
SUCH was the turmoil and chaos of war and politics when Louis XV entered on his first campaign. The Emperor Charles was at Frankfort; even the validity of his imperial title was challenged. Charles of Lorraine was summoning Alsace, the three bishoprics and Franche-Comte to return to the Austrian allegiance. The English were victorious on land and masters of the sea. France herself was menaced on her German frontier. Frederick of Prussia, having secured Silesia, had already made a separate peace with Maria Theresa. Holland was threatening to join the allies.
At this moment Louis was preparing to support a Jacobite insurrection in England, and himself took command of the French armies in Flanders. This energy was followed by the capture of one Flemish fortress after another. But the Austrian successes in Alsace drew him thither, while Marshal Saxe conducted the operations in Flanders. Frederick of Prussia renewed the French alliance at Frankfort, counterbalancing the recent treaty of Worms between the allies. Frederick's sudden march on Prague reversed the military situation.
A severe illness of the king demonstrated the passionate affection with which his subjects regarded him. On his recovery he again took the field. The fluctuations in the progress of the arms of the antagonists were extraordinarily violent and rapid, and the changes of German princes from one side to the other were kaleidoscopic. The death of the emperor in January 1745 seemed to have no effect on the hostilities. France and Prussia, practically without allies, maintained the conflict, which Austria hoped to turn to her own advantage.
Marshal Saxe was now investing Tournai; he was so ill that he had to be carried on a litter. The French force was joined by the king and the dauphin. An allied army was marching to relieve the beleaguered town. Fontenoy was the scene of the battle which ensued. As the line of English regiments advanced to capture the heights they were encountered by the French Guards. "Gentlemen of the French Guard, fire!" cried Lord Charles Hay. "We never fire first; fire yourselves," came the answer. The hail of bullets brought down numbers on each side, but the English advanced as steadily as if they had been on parade. The French Guard were swept back. Nothing could break the English column; but it was unsupported. At the moment when the battle seemed lost to the French a last desperate attack was decided on. A mass of troops was hurled against the English, who were forced to fall back step by step.
But the victory was won; it opened the way to the conquest of Flanders. Both the king and the dauphin had been in the greatest personal danger, but had refused the entreaties of Marshal Saxe that they should retire.
It is remarkable that Louis at once made overtures for a peace congress, which must have been desirable to Maria Theresa, but the influence of England prevented the success of the proposals. Tournai fell, and Ghent soon afterwards, in spite of a gallant attempt on the part of the English to recover it at Mesle. Bruges, Oudenarde, Dendermont, Ostend followed suit. Louis returned to Paris.
Nevertheless, Austria prevailed at the imperial election. Francis of Lorraine, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and husband of Maria Theresa, became emperor, despite the protest of Prussia. Frederick's own victories, however, were crowned by his capture of Dresden; after which he again made peace for himself, and was hailed in Berlin as Frederick the Great.
It now became the object of France to use the conquest of the Netherlands as a means of obtaining what she wanted in Italy, and of Austria to obtain from France compensation for the cession of Silesia to Frederick.
In the Austrian Netherlands the success of the French arms continued; soon Holland itself was threatened. In the war in Italy, France continued to play the part of an auxiliary only. The achievements there of the Franco-Spanish forces in 1745 were nullified by Frederick's withdrawal from the war after Dresden. A series of subsequent disasters was crowned by the death of Philip V of Spain. Only by an obstinate battle were the troops enabled to evacuate Piacenza, instead of surrendering. Genoa itself was obliged to submit to the Austrians, at whose mercy Italy now lay. And, meanwhile, the squadrons of the English fleet swept the seas.
The Austrians were, with difficulty, forced back into Provence, but a sudden and violent revolution at Genoa compelled their return to Italy. Louis, master of the Austrian Netherlands, again made proposals for peace. A congress was called at Breda, but none of the other sovereigns desired peace. Holland might have made itself the peace-maker of Europe; it refused that function, and the resultant French invasion brought about the revival of the office of stadtholder, conferred on the Prince of Orange. The republic was thus converted into a monarchy somewhat less limited than those of England, Sweden and Poland.
MEANWHILE, the enterprise, the successes and the misfortunes of Prince Charles Edward in England were perhaps the most remarkable of the events which startled Europe. Despairing of French assistance under the conditions of the European war, the young prince adopted a rash design. With only seven comrades, he sailed for the shores of Scotland.
No sooner were 300 men assembled than the royal standard was raised, and the fact was communicated to the courts of France and Spain. Reaching Perth, Charles proclaimed himself regent for his father. More adherents came in. He marched on Edinburgh; the government troops withdrew to the castle and the city was in his hands. General Cope advanced against him. The Highlanders flung themselves on the English with swords and bucklers; the novel form of attack struck the foe with panic; the rout was complete; but the prince could not capture the castle. When, marching south, he reached Carlisle, London was in a ferment. When he arrived at Derby the shops and banks in London were closed.
Irish partisans of the Stewarts in France were eager to aid him by an invasion, but this was hopelessly impracticable. The Pretender, with his communications threatened, was obliged to retire from Derby. He routed the government troops at Falkirk. But the approach of Cumberland drove him to the highlands, and his supporters were shattered at Culloden.
The fate of three kingdoms was decided in a battle between two armies of 11,000 and 7,000 men respectively. The prince became a fugitive, wandering from island to island, often escaping his pursuers by a hair's breadth. At last he was able to embark for France, the arrival, presence and departure of the boats being concealed from the government by the loyalty of the people.
An immense number of executions took place, the last victim being the octogenarian Lord Lovat, who had been the prime mover in the enterprise. A young enthusiast named Painter offered to die in place of the old man--an occurrence scarcely possible outside of England. The unfortunate prince was forcibly ejected from France when peace was made.
Louis, successful wherever he was present in person with Marshal Saxe, but nowhere else, continued vain efforts to obtain peace, frustrated by the animosity of Austria and England, which now brought into the field a new ally, the Tsarina Elizabeth. Bent on seizing Maestricht, Marshal Saxe won the battle of Laufeld, but it was not sufficiently decisive. Bergen-op-Zoom, however, was captured by a surprise attack. In April 1748 the French forces concentrated on Maestricht.
Meanwhile, Commodore Anson had accomplished his great voyage round the world. It had occupied three and a half years, at the end of which Anson reached England, his ships laden with spoils to the value of pound 500,000.
It was not the English ministry but the enterprise of the New England merchants that contrived the capture of Louisburg, on the St. Lawrence, the key to the French possessions in North America. The New Englanders on their own initiative raised and equipped a force of 4,000 men; four men-of-war were sent to escort them. Louisburg fell after a siege of fifty days, and the whole French population of the colony was deported to France. The English command of the seas was so overwhelming that French maritime movements were utterly paralysed.
La Bourdonnais, however, had redeemed the honour of the French flag in India. Dupleix, governor of Pondicherri, in conjunction with La Bourdonnais, governor of Mauritius, attacked and took Madras. Dupleix, jealous of his colleague, broke the terms of the capitulation, though it was to La Bourdonnais that Madras surrendered. That great man's services were rewarded by rigorous imprisonment in the Bastille, while the charges made against him by Dupleix were investigated; he lived only long enough to learn of his acquittal. A British squadron besieged Pondicherri, but failed to take it, defended as it was with extreme skill and energy by Dupleix and Bussy.
At last, however, the fall of Maestricht was assured, and this taught Holland and the allies to accept the peace proposals which Louis had so persistently offered. The war ended with the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle. The chief gains were reaped by Frederick. Europe remained divided into two camps; France, Spain, the Sicilies, Prussia and Sweden on one side; the rest on the other.
Return to Outline of Great Books Volume I | <urn:uuid:4f6bd531-8056-40ba-9a6f-7cb9ba578960> | CC-MAIN-2018-09 | http://www.publicbookshelf.com/public_html/Outline_of_Great_Books_Volume_I/louisthe_ji.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891812293.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20180218232618-20180219012618-00547.warc.gz | en | 0.981813 | 3,091 | 3 | 3 |
The Kögur project sets out to advance our knowledge of the upstream circulation in the Denmark Strait by quantifying all of the pathways of overflow water using moorings and ship-board measurements.
Timeseries of gridded vertical sections of hydrographic
variables and velocity from the Kogur mooring array.
See Harden et al. (2016) Deep-Sea Research I, 112, 94-112.
"On 26 July, 2012 the northbound British Royal Research Ship James Clark Ross left Reykjavik, Iceland for a thirty-day expedition along the East Greenland Coast to the High-Arctic island of Spitsbergen..."
"For the first time ever, we will lay a string of instruments across the entire Denmark Strait. These will remain in the water for a full year gathering new data to answer long-delayed questions... " | <urn:uuid:7244b308-f3d4-40f8-9c88-96c61fa9113e> | CC-MAIN-2019-09 | http://kogur.whoi.edu/php/index.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-09/segments/1550247481612.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20190217031053-20190217053053-00232.warc.gz | en | 0.841202 | 179 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Better diagnosis for patients; improved superbug protection: more genomic sequencing in Victoria
March 29, 2017
Victorian Health Minister, The Hon Jill Hennessy, today announced the five disease areas in which selected patients will receive genomic sequencing through the Melbourne Genomics Health Alliance during 2017 to 2019. The announcement was made at Austin Health, which is leading two of the five cross-institution projects.
Genomic sequencing will be made available to patients with specific medical conditions over the next two years, alongside their usual care – to assess the usefulness of genomics in medical practice.
Patients at The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The Royal Children’s Hospital, The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Austin Health and Monash Health will be invited to participate, to determine whether genomic sequencing can provide:
- better identification and control of superbugs among Victoria’s most vulnerable patients
- better understanding of the cause of a patient’s bone marrow failure, enabling more personalised medical care and improved identification of relatives at risk
- improved diagnosis and care of adolescent and adult patients with complex neurological and neurodegenerative disease
- better understanding of the cause of multiple abnormalities babies who die in utero or early in infancy
- more accurate diagnosis and improved patient care for genetic kidney disease
“Already, the Alliance has had national and international impact in demonstrating how genomic sequencing can be delivered within healthcare, and how it can benefit patients through quicker, more accurate diagnosis, often reducing the need for more invasive or expensive testing,” said Melbourne Genomics’ Executive Director, Associate Professor Clara Gaff.
“These new projects will give an even clearer perspective on how genomics can improve patient care – from infancy to old age. By the end of 2019, we will understand the impact of genomics on diagnosis and care across 16 disease areas. And Victorians will benefit from the systems and the professional knowledge we are building to support genomic medicine in practice.”
“The superbugs team is incredibly excited by the potential of rapid bacterial genomic sequencing to more quickly and accurately identify superbugs and how they are spreading,” said Dr Norelle Sherry, an infectious diseases physician at Austin Health and clinical co-leader of the project. “We are building a world-leading model for a
real-time, state-wide, genomics-based superbug tracking system that will improve protection for all Victorians.”
Melbourne Genomics Health Alliance is funded by the Victorian Government and the 10 Alliance members.
Genomics is a rapidly advancing field, which examines an individual’s complete set of genetic information (the genome) to identify changes (variants) that may impact on health. Genomics offers enormous potential to improve diagnosis and provide more personalised medical care. | <urn:uuid:3a98ddd0-de62-4a29-ade2-3bc1a08b16cd> | CC-MAIN-2020-29 | https://www.melbournegenomics.org.au/media-centre/better-diagnosis-patients-improved-superbug-protection-more-genomic-sequencing-victoria | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655899931.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20200709100539-20200709130539-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.925006 | 572 | 2.5625 | 3 |
This month serves as a reminder to get the facts about common bladder health problems and to take an active role in your health. During November, the Urology Care Foundation will highlight a different bladder health theme and related resources.
Week 1 Theme: Incontinence, OAB and SUI
Week 2 Theme: Nocturia and Bedwetting
November 6 – 12
Week 3 Theme: Bladder Cancer
November 13 – 19
Week 4 Theme: Bladder Infection/Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
November 20 – 26
Key Bladder Facts
- It’s normal to go to the bathroom 4 to 8 times a day and no more than twice a night.
- The bladder is a hollow, balloon-shaped organ, and is made mostly of muscle.
- When the bladder is empty it looks like a deflated balloon. The shape of a bladder changes when it fills up.
- Urine is produced in the kidneys. It flows through tubes called ureters into the bladder.
- The bladder muscle helps you urinate by squeezing to force the urine out.
- Women have shorter urethras than men. Women are more likely to get a bladder infection as bacteria from outside the body can get into the urinary system easier.
- On average, the bladder holds about 2 cups of urine (about 16 ounces).
Bladder Health Tips
- Drink plenty of water. Strive to drink 6 to 8 cups of water each day.
- Cut down on the amount of caffeine and alcohol you drink – these may upset your bladder. Limit your intake of coffee, tea or cola as these can heighten bladder activity and lead to leakage.
- Women should sit to go to the toilet – they should not hover over the toilet seat.
- Take your time when on the toilet so that your bladder can empty – if you rush, and do not empty your bladder fully, over time, you could get a bladder infection.
- Stay away from foods that bother the bladder. Some foods can worsen incontinence. Skip foods like chocolate (also a source of caffeine), as well as spicy or acidic foods like tomatoes and citrus fruits.
- Keep your pelvic floor muscles strong with pelvic floor muscle training.
- Stop smoking. It is of great value to stop smoking for your bladder health – using tobacco is a major cause of bladder cancer. | <urn:uuid:ebfb25c0-93a1-43f8-a39a-ecbcf5d5cc0f> | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | https://myfloridaurology.com/blog/november-bladder-health-month/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500719.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20230208060523-20230208090523-00547.warc.gz | en | 0.916325 | 495 | 2.8125 | 3 |
- Cerebral Palsy
- Developmental delay
- Orthopedic conditions
- Gait disturbances
- Neurological disorders
- Muscle weakness
The LiteGait Walkable is a gait training device that involves a harness system to partially un-weight a child when facilitating ambulation. The system can be used over a treadmill or in various other treatment positions and sessions. Evaluation is required to determine patient eligibility for treatment.
Children can be evaluated by the physical therapists for specific equipment related to mobility, seating and positioning, and home equipment needs. This can include wheelchair evaluations, walkers, strollers, bathroom equipment and more. Recommendations are made in conjunction with the equipment vendor to best meet the child’s needs.
The physical therapists also participate in multidisciplinary team meetings such as the Florence Robertson Pediatric Rehabilitation Clinic and the Multidisciplinary Evaluation Center. We participate in team meetings and make recommendations based on evaluation findings. | <urn:uuid:494ff0ec-efc4-48bf-bd8e-6e67ebee0a9b> | CC-MAIN-2022-05 | https://nsmc.partners.org/pediatrics/physical_therapy | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320300658.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220118002226-20220118032226-00641.warc.gz | en | 0.899252 | 223 | 2.90625 | 3 |
So, what is an anti‐inflammatory diet? An anti‐inflammatory food is one that is not alien to the body; the body is familiar with this food because it has been in our diet for tens of thousands of years.
It is a diet consisting of natural whole foods. These foods are found in nature, are in their original state, are without any added chemicals or substances, preservatives, and without anything taken out of it such as fiber. Therefore, these foods look like what they did in nature and are not processed, refined, or altered.
In general, these unprocessed foods are low in sugar, high in fiber, and do not have any added processed industrial vegetable oils or trans‐fats. Basically, they are intact.
Is bread a whole food?
No, it is not. The flour in bread is extremely processed and refined. Even if the package states it is whole grain or whole wheat, there is usually a large amount of processed flour in it. Because of this alteration, the refined nature of the flour results in a very fast absorption in the GI tract, which is unfavorable. It also leads to an increased rise in insulin, which then leads to a highly inflammatory response. Food is meant to be absorbed slowly and methodically in the body. It is a process that evolved over 10,000 years ago. Since the dawn of the agricultural revolution, the human race has seen a drastic increase in dental problems, shorter stature, higher blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, heart disease, and dementia. Furthermore, the refinement of flour which happened after the invention of the steel mill, around 1880, was followed by a dramatic increase in chronic diseases. It appears that wheat and cornflour are particularly harmful. There are more and more gluten intolerances arising every day, which is a result of our increased flour consumption. The inflammatory reaction to gluten that occurs in the stomach can lead to a multitude of other autoimmune diseases and co‐morbidities. Bread, bagels, cakes, pastries, doughnuts, and crackers should all be avoided. If you absolutely must have some bread, then you can try whole kernel pumpernickel bread
What about cereals for breakfast?
Most cereals should be avoided because they are processed, high in sugar, and lack fiber. If you must have something similar to cereal for breakfast, you can try steel‐cut oatmeal or fiber‐one cereal, unsweetened.
What about whole grain pasta/tortillas?
These are difficult to find but preferable to regular pasta, spaghetti, or tortillas. A brand I recommend is Siete tortillas, which are minimally processed, grain‐free, and made from things like almonds, cassava, and chickpeas. Also, for pizzas, you may use cauliflower crust.
What about yogurt?
If you are going to consume yogurt, it must be eaten plain and have absolutely no added sugar. You must learn how to read a label. It has to be plain, no added sugars or flavorings to it and must be whole‐ fat. Do not eat low‐fat items. The fat content increases the absorption of fat‐soluble vitamins, A, D, E, K. In addition, it has a high satiety index, so you feel full, and do not overeat. Kefir is a probiotic lactose‐ free, sugar‐free yogurt that has a thinner consistency which allows you to drink it. It is very healthful and beneficial to your healthy gut bacteria.
Is Rice considered processed?
In general, yes. White rice has been stripped of its nutrients and therefore is processed, low in fiber, and very high in carbohydrate. Please avoid rice at all costs.
Which oils should I be using?
When cooking, you should use avocado oil and coconut oil. You can also use small amounts of butter or ghee for cooking with. You must avoid using highly processed industrial oils when cooking. They are full of omega‐6, which is very inflammatory. Examples of oils you must avoid include canola oil, vegetable oil, sunflower seed oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, and safflower seed oil.
For salads, you should use extra virgin olive oil. You can make your own salad dressing by adding spices and red wine vinegar. ALWAYS avoid already‐made salad dressings.
The ratio of your omega 6 to omega 3 levels is exceedingly important, and unfortunately, today’s processed foods are loaded with vegetable seed oils because they increase the shelf life of the products.
Which nuts can be consumed?
Nuts are a whole food, and they have been shown to reduce cardiovascular disease. However, you must not overconsume nuts as it can lead to excess fat intake and obesity. Peanuts and cashews must be avoided because they are not a true nut. True nuts include walnuts, pecans, almonds, and macadamia. You must make sure they are raw, NOT roasted. These are often roasted in vegetable seed oils that are harmful as discussed above.
Eating a handful of nuts before dinner results in earlier satiety. Nuts are also a natural source of Vitamin E, which is good.
Can I eat beef, pork, chicken, and fish?
Yes, but you must not eat processed meats. Eat grass‐fed and grass‐finished beef, lamb, free‐range chicken, and eat oily fish twice a week. Avoid burgers, (except vegetable burgers), since they are processed.
I like to put vegetables in my smoothies like celery. This is just as healthy as eating them, right?
WRONG. Both juices AND smoothies alter the food by disrupting the fibrous cells that make them up, often lysing them. This leads to breaking the fiber and increasing the rate that glucose gets released into the body. Consequently, there is a huge spike in insulin levels when you consume a smoothie rather than masticating it yourself. Spikes in insulin levels like this can potentially worsen insulin resistance and lead to higher glucose levels in the body. Vegetables are to be chewed, not drunk. Eat your vegetables, do not drink them.
What about the smoothies I make with fruit in them? Surely, these are healthy!
No, they are not! Fruits should be eaten like vegetables, so you must not drink them. The food processor processes the food! Once again, the disruption of the fiber, cellular integrity, rapid release of intracellular products, cause an unnatural gastrointestinal hormonal response, resulting in an imbalanced metabolism.
What about fruit and vegetable juices?
No! All juices are processed, unnatural, and I strongly discourage them. Eat the fruit instead. Nature provides the fiber in the right amount with the fruit. Fruit juice without the fiber, is basically sugar water and is just as bad as a soda.
What about sweetened tea/coffee/Frappuccino?
You may drink UNSWEETENED coffee and tea. Do not add sugar to any drinks. If you can not tolerate drinking coffee black, you may add a small amount of full fat, organic half and half or heavy whipping cream as these do not have any sugar in them. A Starbucks Frappuccino has 61 GRAMS OF SUGAR. This is unacceptable. You MUST avoid sugary drinks such as this.
What are the most healthy vegetables?
All cruciferous vegetables are extremely healthy, for example cabbage, cauliflower, Brussel sprouts, broccoli, spinach, and other green leafy vegetables are healthy. Potatoes are whole foods, but they are very high in starch, so they are discouraged.
What about condiments?
These are all processed and should be avoided. These include ketchup, mustard, mayonnaise, pickles, barbecue sauce, all commercial grade salad dressings, etc. | <urn:uuid:6b5995fd-08d7-4505-aced-c6e685080a09> | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | https://orlandocvi.com/topic/anti%E2%80%90inflammatory-diet/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030335276.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220928180732-20220928210732-00115.warc.gz | en | 0.94992 | 1,622 | 2.875 | 3 |
Do trees modify their environment?
The course work I am doing is to investigate and test the two-following hypothesis - Do trees modify their environment? introduction. The first one is ” Do tree’s modify their environment”, and the second one is “Differences in woodland ecosystems are the results of different management strategies”. These first hypothesis means do trees change their surroundings, and the second on is different woodland surroundings means different types of management. To help answer these two hypotheses I will break them down into two or three smaller ones. Also I will use the data I collected in the woodlands of Wye valley I show this data in forms of table’s graphs and pie charts. Wye Valley. Wye valley is place in Wales were 50 pupils went in the summer for a residential.
We all went to Russell’s Inclosure, which is on the border of Wales and England. This is a part of the Forest of Dean. The forest is very old and covers over 477 hectares of the land. The forest is well kept and preserved as it managed by the Royal society for the protection of birds. In the woods of Russell’s Inclosure is where had collected most of our data and statistics. I have marked out where it is on the following page. When we were in the woods we took many a lot of data down. We had a twelve-meter transact and for every four metres we wrote down the ground cover, we got the ground cover by placing a square quadrate down on the floor. We had used a lot of apparatus out in the woods to get our results.
More Essay Examples on Environmental Management Rubric
We had a thermometer for taking the temperature and a soil moisture tester to find out the moisture of the soil. We also found out the pH of the soil, we did this by taking a little bit of soil putting it in a test tube and adding some universal indicator and bromine sulphate to it and then stirring it. We than found out the pH by looking at the colour it produced at the end. While in the woods we found out the ages of the trees. By using a measuring tape and finding out the circumference and then dividing it by 2.5 or 3.13 depending if it was in the deciduous wood or coniferous. DO TREES MODIFY THEIR ENVIRONMENT? The first hypothesis I am going to be investigating is “Where there are coniferous trees the soil moisture will be less than where there are deciduous trees and fewer plants on the floor”. To help me answer this hypothesis I am going to test a couple of smaller hypothesis.
In coniferous woods there will be less soil moisture and fewer plants, than in a deciduous wood. This is because they are both different types of tree’s,. Coniferous trees are pine tree’s that grow needles and grow straight toward the sun. They also planted in rows so it becomes much easier for them to be chopped down. They are chopped down because many people buy them as Christmas trees and it is easy money for the forest management. Deciduous trees grow up to the sunlight but their leaves spread out forming a canopy to the under layer of the forest. So this means the plants on the ground don’t get as much sunlight because the canopy formed has an umbrella like effects it blocks out most perspiration water and sunlight.
Coniferous trees are evergreen this means that they don’t loose their needles all year around and they intercept the rain much well than a deciduous tree. This is because when they are planted they are all in rows together and there isn’t many gaps left. Deciduous trees are planted at random so gaps are left and there are some open spaces. So this means that rain can come through in the deciduous woods. Also the ground will be moister then compared to coniferous wood. More plants will be growing on the grounds of the deciduous wood then of a coniferous because plants need sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to grow. Coniferous trees block out the sunlight and rainwater coming to the trees. Photosynthesis can’t take place if water and sunlight is coming to the plants so plant can’t grow. Deciduous woods have gaps and loose their leaves in the autumn season so they can get enough of their needs to ground photosynthesise.
My pie chart number 12 “Deciduous wood at 12 meters” clearly shows more sunlight and water comes through also chart number 10. They both show a high percentage of grass on the ground. My chart numbers 1 to 4 clearly shows there is minimum sunlight and water coming through and the high percentage of moss on the ground shows this. There is up 90% of moss growing in that 12 meter transacts, and moss only grows in dark and damp areas. My results and charts help me in proving this hypothesis.
GROUND COVER OF THE WOODS.
Why it could be found?
Why it maybe missing?
Trees in the area people taking them off, animals or seasonal trees.
Trees chopped or in coniferous woods.
In the woods on the floor.
Management taken over built shops, parking spaces, etc….
Area is dark and damp
Area is light and dry.
Light, water, and no trees.
No light, water.
Season, management and animals taking them down.
Management, no animals in area.
Sunlight, water, management
Animals eating it, no sunlight or water.
Trees season, age, human and animal contact.
Coniferous woods decomposed.
This table above shows what we saw on the ground in the woods. It also shows why it could have been found and why it couldn’t have been found. Coniferous and deciduous woods ground cover compared and shown in a table.
DEAD LEAVES. 60%
GRASS 70 ~%
GRASS 90 %
GRASS 85 %
LONG GRASS 45%
BRACKEN 57 %
LEAF LITTER 35%
LEAF LITTER 15%
LEAF LITTER 20%
DEAD LEAVES 2%
DEAD LEAVES 3%
DEAD LEAVES 20%
TWIGS 10 %
TWIGS 5 %
TWIGS. 3 %
= Coniferous woods.
SOIL 80 %
GRASS 99 %
DEAD LEAVES 15%
DEAD GRASS 36%
DEAD GRASS 10%
DEAD GRASS 50%
GRASS 75 %
GRASS 75 %
DEAD LEAVES 50%
DEAD LEAVES 10 %
DEAD LEAVES 13%
MOSS 6 %
TWIGS 5 %
BRACKEN 5 %
STONES 15 %
BRACKEN 2 %
TWIGS. 2 %
= Coniferous woods. Coniferous and deciduous woods across the path ground cover compared and shown in a table. The dominant cover for coniferous and deciduous woods is grass and soil. The medium cover for the coniferous wood and deciduous wood is grass and dead leaves. The lowest cover for coniferous woods are twigs and for the deciduous woods it is bracken and twigs. The dominant cover for coniferous and deciduous woods across the path is grass and soil.
The mediums cover for the coniferous and deciduous woods across the path are dead grass and dead leaves.
The lowest ground cover for coniferous and deciduous woods across the path is twigs, violet, dead leaves, moss and stones and bracken. The second hypothesis I am going to investigate is ” Were there are coniferous trees it will be darker and lower in temperature compared to that of the deciduous woods. I have predicted this because in the coniferous woods it is darker and lower in temperature because of the way the trees are planted. They are planted in rows and are nicely placed together so they block out most sunlight coming through to the ground of the woods. I also have predicted this because whilst being in the woods I noticed a lot of moss growing. Moss grows in dark and damp places were the temperature is low.
The temperature in the coniferous woods was really low and it wasn’t very warm. The deciduous woods have a higher temperature because the trees are grown in patches because they need a lot of space to grow as there leaves tend to grow following the sun and form a canopy to the under ground. So were there are gaps sunlight can creep through heating the ground. This is also why the deciduous woods have a better ground cover then of the coniferous woods.
To prove my prediction I have my results for backup. In my pie charts of the coniferous woods it shows that moss is growing because of the condition are suitable for it to grow. In the deciduous woods minimum moss grows and it is very rare for it to come up on the pie charts, which are all shown on the other pages.
The third hypothesis I am investigating to help me in answering the first of two major hypotheses is “In the coniferous woods there will be more moss growing and in he deciduous woods there will be more bracken growing”.
I have predicted this because moss is a form of bacteria, which grows in dark and damp areas. Bracken is plants, which grow in areas, were enough light is coming through, and the deciduous woods are perfect for bracken to grow in. The trees in the coniferous woods block out most of the sunlight and the rain so bracken doesn’t grow and the temperature also drops because there isn’t any sunlight coming to the ground. So the woods become damp, cold and dark these are the conditions, which moss needs to grow in. Moss doesn’t grow in the deciduous woods because there is plenty of light coming through as the trees are planted in patches. As bracken is a plant it needs light and water to grow and this is why it grows so well in the deciduous woods.
My pie charts help in proving this hypothesis. In the coniferous woods there is plenty of moss growing and the deciduous woods a lot of bracken this is because the conditions in the woods suit the two. There is up to 60 % growing for both plants. If you look at the pie charts on page number___ of the coniferous woods it is very rare for bracken to be growing if it is growing this could be because a tree was cut down or due to wood management.
Conclusion. I believe that trees do modify their environments. This is because of a number of reasons. After breaking the first major hypothesis of two into smaller ones I have found my answer. Also by looking at all my data collected in the woods, which I put into pie charts and graphs and tables.
Also by looking at my pie charts they show a number of different of types of ground cover. This shows that the trees are modifying their environment. One example is if the trees weren’t in the area animals wouldn’t come because their leaves form a canopy, which acts, like a shelter from the rain. Also if the trees weren’t in the areas for example coniferous woods moss wouldn’t be growing or would it be so dark this is proof of the trees changing things around.
Also the ground cover in the deciduous woods a lot of it is leaves and leaf litter this is from the trees being grown in the woods. These are my reasons for believing trees do modify their environment. Because when they are around they change grounds cover, temperature, light coming through to the ground and also soil moisture. Differences in woodland ecosystems are the results of different management strategies. This is the second major hypothesis I will be investigating. The hypothesis is saying that the woodlands are managed in different ways depending on their ecosystems. E.g./ If it is in the coniferous woods or deciduous.
Management means to look after or maintain something. In this case it is the woods. Maintaining the woods mean the people can visit and enjoy it. There are many different types of management and in the woodlands there are four main ones. They are habitat, estate, recreation and community and educational management. The table on page___ shows the different types of management and what they do. When I was in the woods I saw a lot of signs of good and bad management. The good signs were that I was I walking through the woods there were paths for us to follow also fences and gates put up to restrict us going to places that are out of bounds or a danger to us. Also there was sign post put up educating us about the trees and telling a me a little about the surroundings and the history. Another good piece of management was the little area for us to all eat and relax there was shops around and benches for us to eat and relax.
I didn’t really see a lot of bad management when I was in the woods. There were only one or two problems. For instance some signs had come down or were old and you couldn’t read the writing subscripted on it. Also some trees had been cut down or felled and were not moved they were just moved to the side. In the coniferous woods the trees are thinned and felled this is to help the trees to grow and let the stump get bigger this is habitat management, so the animals can have shelter and homes to live in. These are signs of the management change the ecosystems. When in the woods we saw that there were footpaths made for people to walk along, and admire the view of the trees. Also signs and post were set up so we can learn about the trees. Also in the woods there are fences and barricades put up so it stops animal and people going into certain areas. If the animals go in they can harm the trees and affect the woodland.
As there are all these different types of management there is one more that is the honeypot management. This is one place were the people can come and enjoy them selves. There are shops around and picnic areas. This is a good idea as all people are attracted to one place and there are shops and fun things around. This helps, as not many will eat while in the forest and this could lead to less damage done to the forest.
Conclusion. Over all I think that the hypothesis is correct. Because the woods are changing because of the management. The fences and post stop animals going into the woods and destroying plants or trees and it is the same for the humans. The woods are managed in a way so that they can make and the coniferous trees are maintained for Christmas times so they can be sold so the keep them in good condition all year round. The honeypoting is a way to make money and give education to the people and a pleasant place to rest and relax.
I have really enjoyed doing this investigation. This is because I got to go to Wye valley for a week with my friends and enjoy my self and at the same time get vital information my work. I liked collecting the data in the woods as it was fun and I got all data I needed. Even though I got my information I came across many problems. Some of my results were mixed up on my paper and it was very hard to get the results. It took a lot of time and patience as we were out in the fields for a long time and every one and I was getting very tired. The write up I didn’t like, as it was quite difficult. Overall I am pleased with my work and all graphs and charts made for the final write up. | <urn:uuid:6502a97e-e6b8-4a9d-9328-11932ae37284> | CC-MAIN-2018-26 | https://graduateway.com/do-trees-modify-their-environment/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267860557.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20180618125242-20180618145242-00144.warc.gz | en | 0.966349 | 3,294 | 3.21875 | 3 |
Maybe Recess Can Fight Obesity
Murfreesboro, Tennessee, considers supporting recess to slim down its students.
Murfreesboro educators will look to school recess as a way to combat Rutherford County’s 30 percent obesity rate.
The Murfreesboro City School Board will meet tonight to discuss the issue, and board member Nancy Phillips says she wants to make sure that recess isn’t cut.
“It’s just about making sure our kids have age-appropriate time for exercising,” Phillips said. “I think it’s very important because these are children we’re talking about. Exercise is very important to their mental and physical well-being. They need to be able to run around and de-stress a little bit.”
Late last year, the American Academy of Pediatrics issued a statement urging schools not to cut recess, which the group says helps kids develop a healthy lifestyle. In an effort to increase time for academics in light of testing requirements, some schools, including Metro Nashville at one point, have cut or eliminated recess to boost classroom time.
Join the Discussion
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Understanding Your Scores
10/11 , 11/8
SAT scores are reported on a scale from 200-800, with additional subscores reported for the essay (ranging from 2-12) and for multiple-choice writing questions (on a 20-80 scale). Your scores tell college admissions staff how you did compared with other students who took the test. For example, if you scored close to the mean or average — about 500 on SAT critical reading and 500 on SAT mathematics — admissions staff would know that you scored as well as about half of the students who took the test nationally.
SAT Subject Test Scores
SAT Subject Test scores are reported on a scale from 200-800, with subscores being reported on a scale from 20 to 80. Reading and listening subscores are reported for all Language Tests with Listening, and a usage subscore is also reported for the Chinese, Japanese, and Korean tests. Your scores tell college admissions staff how you did compared with other students who took the test.
Your test score represents a snapshot in time. If you took the test multiple times, however, that number would likely change — increase or decrease — on each test. This is why we sometimes say a score range better represents your true ability; it considers multiple snapshots of your score instead of just one. Usually, your scores fall in a range of roughly 30 to 40 points above or below your true ability. Colleges know this, and they receive the score ranges along with your scores to consider that single snapshot in context.
Average (or mean) scores are based upon the most recent SAT scores of all students of a particular graduating class.
Percentiles compare your scores to those of other students who took the test. Say, for example, your reading score is 500. If the state percentile for a score of 500 is 47, then this means you did better than 47 percent of the state's college-bound seniors.
Percentiles are based on the most recent scores earned by students in the previous year's graduating class who took the SAT during high school. For the SAT, you will see percentiles both for the total group of test-takers and for your state. Your percentile changes depending on the group with which your scores are compared. Because the total group is larger and more diverse than the state group, your total and state percentiles may differ.
More on Subscores:
SAT Writing Section Subscores
The raw scores for the multiple-choice writing section are converted to scaled scores that are reported on a 20-80 scale. Every SAT contains a 25-minute essay. The essay subscore is reported on a 2-12 scale. (Essays that are not written on the essay assignment, or which are considered illegible after several attempts at reading, receive a score of 0.) Each essay is independently scored from 1 to 6 by two readers. These readers' scores are combined to produce the 2-12 scale. If the two readers' scores differ by more than one point, a third reader scores the essay. The multiple-choice writing section counts for approximately 70 percent, and the essay counts for approximately 30 percent of your total raw score, which is used to calculate your 200-800 score. For more information, visit the Scoring Guide.
SAT Subject Tests Subscores
Subscores on the SAT Subject Tests are used to compute the total score, but their individual contributions differ between the different tests. Subscores are reported on a 20-80 scale. For the French, German, and Spanish with Listening tests, the reading subscore counts twice as much as the listening subscore. For the Chinese, Japanese, and Korean tests, subscores are weighted equally. | <urn:uuid:7a5596c1-a727-4048-ad88-529212cf9310> | CC-MAIN-2014-35 | http://sat.collegeboard.org/scores/understanding-sat-scores | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-35/segments/1408500829210.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20140820021349-00388-ip-10-180-136-8.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963547 | 756 | 3.125 | 3 |
A person is said to consume around 7,000 calories on Christmas Day alone. But don’t go beating yourself up about over indulging on turkey and mince pies. Life is all about balance – and our favourite Christmas foods do have their health benefits…
Brussels sprouts – An 80g serving of Brussels sprouts contains four times more vitamin C than an orange. They’re also a great source or protein, iron and potassium.
Turkey – Turkey is an excellent source of protein and is one of the leanest meats you can eat. In fact, regular turkey consumption can help lower cholesterol. It also contains essential amino acid Tryptophan which helps you sleep.
Cranberry sauce – Cranberries are often said to be one of the world’s healthiest foods. They’re packed with antioxidants and consumption has been linked to reduced risk of heart disease and breast cancer.
Parsnips – Parsnips are great for your gut and digestive health as they have a lot of fibre. They contain folate, potassium and vitamin C.
Christmas pudding – Christmas cake has more fruit and therefore more nutrients than sponge cake and typically contains less calories per 100g. Christmas cake and pudding also usually include spices such as cinnamon which has been shown to soothe digestion and regulate blood sugar levels.
Mulled wine – Red wine contains lots of antioxidants and increases your good cholesterol levels to fight against heart disease. It also has a high concentration of resveratrol which keeps you looking young – just don’t go drinking it by the bucket load to achieve eternal youth. All alcohol should be consumed in moderation.
Roast Potatoes – Potatoes (even roasted ones) are full of Vitamin C, B6 and potassium which are great for your immune system.
Cheese – Although cheese is high in calories, it’s also one of the richest sources of dietary calcium and contains Vitamin B12 which is important for the nervous system.
Nuts – Nuts are high in protein and are packed full of healthy, unsaturated fats, making them a much better snack choice than crisps, chocolate and sweet treats.
Infographic – click to expand
What’s your favourite Christmas food? Let us know on social media by using the hashtag #MyIrishLife | <urn:uuid:95af6552-9eb5-4137-a638-29feb9f1da92> | CC-MAIN-2020-16 | https://wellness.irishlife.ie/2016/12/20/9-reasons-why-christmas-dinner-is-actually-good-for-you/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585371611051.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20200405213008-20200406003508-00222.warc.gz | en | 0.95238 | 474 | 2.546875 | 3 |
The basic founding of the Oral Torah began with the men of the Great Assembly … in that generation lived the last prophets … for with the demise of that generation prophecy was stopped up and the writing of the Torah became forbidden, just as was the writing of prophecy … Even though this is a type of concealment, it led to greater revelation … for according to the strength of the concealment is the strength of the revelation. (Machshevet Charutz. See Yaakov Elman’s essay, “R. Zadok Hakohen on the History of Halacha,” for a comprehensive explication of this idea in R. Zadok Hakohen)
The Midrash Tanhuma (Noah, 3) states that it was necessary for God to coerce the Israelites to accept the oral law at Sinai by holding the mountain over their heads. The oral law, with its details and complexities, was more difficult to observe, more demanding of the human intellect, and therefore the Israelites were more reluctant to take on the responsibility of developing the oral law while prophecy still existed. It was during the time of Purim, according to the Babylonian Talmud, tractate Shabbat, 88a, that the Jews voluntarily reaccepted the Torah. “Rava said, Nevertheless, they accepted the Torah again in the days of Achashverosh, as it says The Jews established and accepted (Esther 9:27).” They established that which they had already accepted.” According to R. Zadok, connecting these two rabbinic sources, it was specifically the oral Torah that was coerced at Sinai and reaccepted during the time of Esther.
Esther played a pivotal role in the transition from the written to the oral law. Esther was the last of the prophetesses according to the Babylonian Talmud in tractate Megilah, 14a “Who were the seven prophetesses? Sarah, Miriam, Devorah, Chana, Avigail, Chuldah and Esther.” She was also the person who initiated the process of human legislation that established Purim as a permanent holiday and the book of Esther as sacred scripture.
R. Samuel b. Judah said: Esther sent to the Wise Men saying, Commemorate me4 for future generations. They replied, You will incite the ill will of the nations against us.5 She sent back reply: I am already recorded in the chronicles of the kings of Media and Persia…Esther sent to the Wise Men saying, Write an account of me for posterity. They sent back answer, Have I not written for thee three times — three times and not four? [And they refused] until they found a verse written in the Torah, Write this a memorial in a book, [which they expounded as follows]: ‘Write this’, namely, what is written here and in Deuteronomy;10 ‘for a memorial’, namely, what is written in the Prophets; ‘in a book’, namely, what is written in the Megillah. (Babylonian Talmud, Megilah, 7a)
Esther, according to the Talmud, appealed to the sages, perhaps the Men of the Great Assembly, to legislate a new holiday for all generations, Purim, and to include the narrative describing the historical events that led to the holiday among the holy writings of the Jewish people. Esther did not appeal to her prophetic powers or to a revelatory experience. Instead, she initiated a human process of legislation and interpretation, a process that called upon the sages to take responsibility for enacting new forms of religious law, ritual and even sacred scripture.
Purim is the first holiday that was established by human legislation, and not Divine decree. Esther, with a deep understanding of the transition that was required of the Jewish people, a transition from divine prophecy to human process, can be considered the catalyst for the unfolding of a new era in Jewish history, a new chapter in the ongoing revelation of divine wisdom in which the human intellect and human agency takes center stage.
Esther, the heroine who saves the Jewish people from the physical threat of annihilation at the hands of Haman, is also the heroine who pulls the Jewish people out of the darkness caused by the demise of prophecy. She is willing to sacrifice her life, approaching the king on her own, as she reveals her Jewish identity and orchestrates the reversal of her people’s fortune. Similarly, she sheds her prophetic privilege in order to instigate a process that expands human participation in the development of religious law and forces human leaders to take responsibility for religious legislation and innovation.
It is not incidental that Esther, a woman and a Jew of the Diaspora, embodies this critical transformation and expansion of revelation through the blossoming of human forms of “halacha,” Jewish law. The participation of all Jews, including women, and the drawing from the inherent complexities of living in the multicultural environments of the Diaspora, are critical components in the development of our interpretive community.
Esther is more than a pretty face and a clever political powerhouse. She is the mother of one of Judaism’s most distinctive contributions to religious progress, the sacred process of legislation and innovation through human hermeneutics.
Rabbi Daniel Lehmann is president of Hebrew College. | <urn:uuid:d401187b-b9c4-4749-975d-82f8907ba129> | CC-MAIN-2018-22 | http://blog.hebrewcollege.edu/from-prophets-to-process/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-22/segments/1526794865830.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20180523215608-20180523235608-00541.warc.gz | en | 0.963277 | 1,111 | 3 | 3 |
|Motto:||Garde bien (Watch well)|
|Lands:||Eglinton, Ardrossan and Kintyre|
|Origin of Name:||Placename, Norman|
|Clan Chief||The Rt. Hon. The Earl of Eglington and Winton|
Montgomery HistoryThe name of Montgomery derives from an ancient Norman family, who held the Castle of St. Foy de Montgomery near Lisieux, in France. Tradition asserts that the name can be traced back to a Roman commander called Gomericus.
Another ancestor, Roger de Mundegumbrie was related to William the Conqueror and was granted lands in England by his kinsman. He later invaded Wales, and in time he gave his name not only to a town, but to an entire county.
The name of Montgomery is first recorded in Scotland in 1165 when Robert Montgomery obtained the lands of Eaglesham in Renfrewshire. A descendant of this Robert, Sir John Montgomery, was one of the heroes of the Battle of Otterburn. He distinguished himself by capturing Sir Henry Percy, who was known as "the Hotspur".
This encounter was chronicled in a vivid Borders ballad:
"The Percy and Montgomery met
That either of other were fain;
They swapped swords and they twa swat
And aye the blood ran down between."
The Percy family paid a great ransom for the release of Hotspur, and this money enabled the Montgomery clan to build the Castle of Polnoon. The old castle of Skelmorlie, near Largs, is now the home of the chiefs of the Montgomery clan.
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Interconnection and interdependence: The key to the “Vellore Model” of integrated and sustainable Zero Waste Management
In a natural ecosystem, e.g. a lake, there is an interconnection and interdependence between the various components - the water, soil, air, sun, microorganisms, fungi, plants, insects, fishes, birds and other life forms. Each component plays a unique role which maintains the ecosystem in balance and gives it stability and sustainability.
Akin to a natural ecosystem, the “Vellore Model” of Zero Waste Management (ZWM) has nine different individual processes, which are interconnected and interdependent and which lead to “zero waste” in the end. The interconnection provides maximized efficiency and also sustainability – both economic and environmental sustainability. | <urn:uuid:f07b056e-62ed-49b0-86b2-cf26adc9ff31> | CC-MAIN-2019-43 | http://www.zerowastemanagement.org.in/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570987841291.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20191024040131-20191024063631-00303.warc.gz | en | 0.897652 | 166 | 3.09375 | 3 |
To be a great writer, you have to be able to concentrate. Not only that but you have to be able to maintain focus for sustained periods. It’s not the only thing you’ll need but it’s a good start.
Psychologists describe a powerful form of concentration called ‘flow’. It happens when someone concentrates fully engaged on what they are doing. (See the Wikipedia definition.) When you are writing in like this, you can hold all the pieces of a story in your head and write fluently.
We all recognise this state. “Time flies when you’re having fun” is one version. Meditation is, perhaps, another version. If you play sports or video games and you find yourself ‘at one’ with what you’re doing, that’s another. All these mental states require concentration.
Conversely, failure to concentrate can be very unproductive. In fact, multitasking makes us stupid. People who think they are good at multitasking aren’t, according to researchers at Stanford University (see also: original paper). That’s you and me, dear reader.
I’m writing this post to share some of the habits and techniques that have (sometimes) helped me to improve my own concentration. And yes, I know that some of them are contradictory. That’s the ‘sometimes’. Anyway, I hope you find them useful. If you have any tips you would like to share, please leave a comment.
- Accept your distractions. You will get distracted. Your mind will wander. You won’t want to get started. Accept it. The trick is to stand back and notice your brain doing these things. When it happens, stand back from yourself. Notice the distraction. Name the monster. Gently remind yourself that you’re trying to concentrate and it will be easier to return your focus to your work.
- Use a concentration timer. I like using meditation timers when I write. A little bell every five minutes helps remind to put my focus back onto my writing if my mind has wandered. There is a free, online timer on my company website. You can use it time and pace a writing session.
- Go somewhere else. Do you write a bit more neatly when you get a new pen? Change can be beneficial, even if the effect is temporary. Sometimes a change of location (go to the park, Starbucks, the Kitchen – anywhere but here) or a change of method (use a quill, a pencil, a typewriter, a different word processor, Linux) can help.
- Stay where you are. I’m always getting up and going somewhere to get something or do something. To counter this tendency, I keep scrap paper (recycled A4 printer paper cut in half) by my desk and scribble reminders. Then back to the writing.
- Write at a different time. I write best if I get up early. (See How I trained myself to get up earlier in the morning.) Just changing your routine can be helpful.
- Write to a schedule. When I have a busy week with many deadlines, I block out time for my work in Microsoft Outlook. This helps me allocate time and measure progress on longer-term projects and ensure that I have enough time to do all the work I planned. Other people find it helpful to start writing at the same time every day.
- Morning pages. I have to admit that I haven’t tried Julia Cameron’s technique for unblocking your creativity but other people, including my wife, swear by it. It involves writing in a stream of consciousness first thing every day.
- Switch off distractions. Turn off your radio, TV, shut the door, close your email program, put your phone on mute, shut down your blog reader software, use a distraction-free word processor. Anything you can do to stop distractions before they happen, the better.
- Tame your muse. Your muse works for you, not the other way round. Think of it as a recalcitrant employee. Give it deadlines, tell it to show up for work at a fixed time every day, give it feedback and praise, define what you expect from it.
- Seek inspiration. Lots of people praise walking or running as a source of inspiration. The best advice I ever had was from my history tutor at Oxford – keep a notebook with you at all times because you never know when you will have a good idea.
- Quantify. Use word count to set goals – 500 words and then a break, for example. Track writing output over time in a spreadsheet. Use Joe’s Goals to keep track of habits in the long term. Some people, like me, are highly motivated by a sense of progress.
- Silence. External noise can break your concentration. Try noise cancelling headphones (I use Bose), music (see Music for working), silent PC (See: Tools for writing: Silent PCs) or ear plugs (See In praise of earplugs).
- Meditate to develop concentration and calmness. I find it helpful to meditate a little before I start work. It’s not easy for me but when I do it, I find it really helps. I sit in a quiet room, legs crossed and count my breaths. This guide may be a helpful place to start.
- Treats. I like tea (See Tools for writing: A nice cup of tea). Other people prefer cigarettes, Jaffa cakes or whatever. I would just be wary of too many sugary treats because they can cause a sugar crash later. You end up borrowing energy from yourself.
- Punishment. Try Write or Die. If you don’t keep writing, it starts deleting what you have already written!
- Shame. Instead of running a 26 mile marathon, aim to write 26,000 words and get your friends to sponsor you for charity. If you fail to do it, you won’t raise any money and you’ll feel bad. Nothing like social pressure to keep you at the keyboard.
- Buddy writing. Working with a friend, even over an open Skype line, can encourage concentration, providing you both have the same work habits. Somehow the peer pressure keeps you both working hard. It’s also an antidote to the potential loneliness of the long-distance writer.
- Chunking. Write for 45 minutes, take a 15 minute break. Repeat.
- Don’t worry. Editing is not writing. Don’t let your mental self-editor get in the way of your super-productive copywriter. Accept that your first draft might not be perfect. Leave notes to yourself in your text – fact-check, tidy up, rewrite, condense. The important thing is to keep writing.
- Use TK. This is a special case of ‘Don’t worry.’ If there’s something you don’t know, don’t stop to look it up. Just put TK in the text. It means ‘to come [later]’. For example, ‘When Neil Armstrong landed on the moon in TK DATE, he didn’t expect to meet little green men.’ Fill in the blanks later. TK is easy to search for because it doesn’t occur often in everyday writing. (There are a few exceptions, such as the band Outkast.)
- Rock and river. Water is soft and rocks are hard but a river can defeat a rock with patience and constant effort over time. I think it’s the same with writing. A little every day beats a lot once a year. If you keep this in mind, concentrating for a short period every day becomes easier.
- Leave a hook to get you started. When you finish writing each day, try to leave a few notes in your text to help you get started the next day. This will make it easier to overcome inertia and re-engage with the work. | <urn:uuid:cd1d8b0d-96a7-42b2-b660-7fa793bfb116> | CC-MAIN-2017-22 | https://www.articulatemarketing.com/concentration-22-ways-to-stay-focused-on-writing | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-22/segments/1495463607960.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170525010046-20170525030046-00438.warc.gz | en | 0.928783 | 1,678 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Beat The Heat
Tips to Beat the Heat
A triple digit heat wave is hitting much of the country this week. Heat can be a silent threat to children, especially children whose communication delays or other special needs might make it harder to detect danger. Heat stroke can occur in a matter of minutes for young children and infants. AbilityPath put together these quick tips for parents for safe fun in the sun.
- Slather on sunscreen! Even if you and your child are only going to be out for 5 minutes, the UV rays of intense heat can still leave their marks. Stock up on sunscrreen of SPF 30 or higher and apply five to 10 minutes before going out in the sun.
- Early bird play: If getting out of the house is a must, do soduring the early morning before the sun gets too hot. Entice kids to get out the door early with being the first on the playground or “ice cream” for breakfast (see below for anytime pops)!
- Cool snacks: Toss some snacks in the freezer to keep cool. Grapes and blueberries make for easy to grab snacks. For dessert, roll bananas in mini chocolate chips wrap with plastic wrap and freeze!
- Anytime pops: Who doesn’t want to cool off with yummy treats? Use these as inspiration to create your anytime popsicle—freezing yogurt makes these good treats morning, noon or night!
- Yum Yogurt Pops: Take your favorite yogurt and poor into a popsicle mold or ice cube trays. You can include slicedor mashed fruit or sprinkle the bottom or top with granola for a nice surprise.
- Juicy Juice Pops/Slush: Pour sports drink, juice or lemonade into popsicle molds or ice cube trays and freeze. You can serve then as finger pops or place cubes in a ziplock bag and crush to turn into a slush and place in a cup.
- Chocolate Milk Pops or Shaved Ice: For pops pour milk into molds or ice cube trays and freeze. For shaved ice, pour milk into a baking dish or pie pan freeze then “shave” the milk with a spoon or fork and place in serving cups.
- Indoor fun: Draw the shades around the house to keep the sun out. Build a fortress with old sheets, use kitchen table or chairs to help with the frame of the fort. Eat lunch inside the fort, read books with a flashlight, bring in the coloring books or if you have an iPad or AAC device why not get some therapy in too! If a fortress is not your thing, go Hollywood! Draw the shades to keep paparazzi out, pull a couple of dressy outfits out and create a runway for the kids to strut their stuff, also use this time to practice writing their “autograph.” Make sure to take pics of your Hollywood star and post to AbilityPath.org. Another AbilityPath parent favorite is to visit libraries, malls or bowling alley during hot days and take advantage of someone else’s air conditioning!
Have fun, be safe and please remember to keep a close eye on everyone around pools and any water activity. If you have other tips you do to beat the heat, please share in the comment section below the article! | <urn:uuid:7e66f2bd-15c8-451f-94e8-5aaad788929d> | CC-MAIN-2020-10 | https://abilitypath.org/2014/07/01/beat-the-heat/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875148850.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20200229083813-20200229113813-00150.warc.gz | en | 0.900727 | 682 | 2.734375 | 3 |
For the body is not one member, but many. (1 Corinthians 12:14)
Back in the ’80s, the Wendy’s ® fast-food chain offered the anti-slogan, “Parts is parts” for their chicken sandwich. The slogan sent the message that all other chicken vendors used chicken parts indiscriminately in their processed chicken sandwiches, while Wendy’s ® only used the very best parts. One commercial had the customer questioning the content of the chicken and the attendant explaining that they used different parts of the chicken, and after all, “parts is parts.”
Obviously, the parts do matter when ordering a chicken sandwich. One expects to get a tender chicken breast fillet in one’s chicken sandwich, and not an amalgamation of assorted chicken parts like the liver, gizzard, heart, skin, eyes, combs, intestines, etc. “Parts is parts,” but not all parts are suitable for consumption – at least, not in our minds.
Paul offered a similar idea in his first epistle to the Corinthians. He compared the Church to our physical bodies. Our bodies are made up of large body parts that are readily observable – head, eyes, ears, nose, mouth, neck, shoulders, arms, hands, fingers, legs, feet, toes, etc. We also have literally trillions of microscopic parts beneath the skin that play major roles in keeping us alive – our cardio-vascular system, respiratory system, digestive system, endocrine system, neurological system, skeletal system, etc. All of these parts serve their own functions and are vital to our lives, even those that are not seen. Paul points out the obvious. We cannot exist as a hand alone, or a foot alone, or an eye alone, or an ear alone. We need all of our parts functioning harmoniously in union performing their individual roles as part of the whole body.
Apparently, from the tone of Paul’s letter, the Corinthians were having trouble in this department (and others as well). The Church functions as one body comprised of many members (parts). He sums this idea up like this, “Now ye are the body of Christ, and members in particular” (1 Corinthians 12:27). Each member of the body is “particular.” “Particular” translates the Greek word, meros, which means “one of the constituent parts of a whole.”
Like the human body, the “Body of Christ,” the Church, has many members and each member serves a unique purpose in the body. We cannot all be preachers. We cannot all teach, or sing, or play musical instruments, but we all have a purpose. There are needed tasks in the church that seem “menial,” but serve a great need in the church – caring for children in the nursery, keeping the morning coffee going before services, greeting people as they come in the door, or just smiling and saying “Hi” to one another. Every member is important to the Body of Christ, and there is not one function that is more or less important than another. “Parts is NOT parts” The parts are all one in Christ, but we all serve our own unique, God-given purpose.
Reader, Jesus is coming soon. Are you prepared to meet Him? If you are not a member of His body, you will miss Him when He comes. Don’t do that! Please read my page on “Securing Eternal Life.”
Definition from Thayer’s Greek Definitions, (Published in 1886, 1889; public domain). | <urn:uuid:71f88be3-0d3d-41d5-b7fe-3550a3475d97> | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | https://erniecarrasco.com/2022/09/04/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764499845.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20230131055533-20230131085533-00435.warc.gz | en | 0.955045 | 775 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Chamartín Bamff has no major body of water or flowing river, but a number of historic wetland areas exist and also the potential for re-establishing this far more extensively – particularly with respect to the west to east flowing agricultural ditch which, after centuries of farming, has finally become largely naturalised due to beaver activity..
order neurontin online By far the largest single body of water is an artificial creation, the Bamff pond, and is situated in a naturally marshy area. The result of a victorian curling pond drained in the early 20th century to create what resembles a natural lochan, it was designed to be used as a boating pond, the depth of which is never any more than about 1m. The curling pond’s original location, slightly to the east, is now an expansive marshland area (closer to its original form) with patches of smaller ponds that the resident beavers have helped to expand and maintain.
http://iksdome.com/past-events/2015-past-events/revival-2015 Indeed, the main pond has a significantly large dam to the west; actually a collaboration between an artificial barrage and beaver constructions (also with two adjacent beaver lodges nearby), which prevents this relatively large body of water from flooding the main drive. The overflow from the barrage nevertheless creates a little meandering stream that crosses twice under the front drive before heading towards the gate lodge and eventually joining with the Alyth Burn beyond.
http://activeimaginations.co.uk/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https://activeimaginations.co.uk/2019/09/22/balloon-keepyuppy/ The family of beavers residing at the pond (a pair were introduced specifically here in 2002) have most likely moved on, leaving it to be a spectacular and sculptural region immersed in mystery and inhabited by numerous species of duck, mute swans and as a regular haunt of herons.
Sheep and cattle farming have dominated Bamff for centuries. Consequently the fields have been severely fenced for so long and, until recent decades, any flowing water limited to narrow ditches and agricultural run-offs, some of which originate in the Bamff hills to the north, and others which traverse the estate from west to east. However, the dominant west-east ditch is currently a supreme example of what can happen when beavers are allowed to create their own habitat.
To the extreme west in an area formerly known as the Gauldswell Bog, the beavers were first introduced by Paul Ramsay in the early 2000s. Ten years earlier Ramsay, empowered by vaguely related suggestions from the Forestry Commission, decided to begin the creation of a “wet wood”; a type of habitat that was present there many centuries earlier. This became the perfect location to introduce beavers a decade later.
The beavers proceeded to construct a huge dam, probably the longest in the UK at about 60m, which has transformed the entire area; aerial images such as the one below reveal this colossal construction far more clearly than at ground level. As one heads further east downstream, a series of smaller dams are present leading to intersections with other ditches; naturally they have also been the centre of attention for much more beaver activity.
This ditch, now effectively upgraded to a burn, flows underneath the two drives that lead to Bamff House. Between these two drives a new wetland area has been evolving either side of the burn through the shifting of agricultural fields further away from the water margin whilst simultaneously introducing some new riparian planting. Naturally the beavers have capitalised on this and a sequence of dams are to be found along this stretch.
However, when the water crosses east under the front drive, a whole new and richly diverse domain is to be witnessed; a series of impressive ponds, pools and dams (numbering 11 in total) that descend towards the derelict residential structure known as the “Burnieshed” before hurtling down the steep Burnieshed Den.
The first and largest pond is also the location of another beaver lodge, home to the “celebrity” beavers of Bamff; a family that ecotourists are able to view relatively easily, especially at dawn & dusk in the spring & summer months. Travelling along the path (a part of the Cateran Trail) which follows the burn’s flow, beaver activity is in evidence in all directions – sometimes even far into the woodland to the south. Felled trees, snedded young trees, sculptures of beaver cut wood, chippings, beaver lawns, beaver canals and beaver slides are typically found. But crucially, a shockingly abundant amount of new growth has appeared from both natural coppicing, and also the emergence of new young native trees.
The stark contrast of this wetland landscape to the thin and meagre agricultural ditch that flowed there until the first decade of the 21 century is simply staggering.
Whilst the Burnieshed array is a jewel in Bamff’s crown, equally impressive is the cascading series of dams which establish a wholly different territory by following the main Bamff drive downhill towards the gate lodge, before eventually merging with the Alyth burn.
This slightly steeper series of pools and dams, populating the stream created by the Bamff Pond’s overflow, shows clear evidence that downhill flooding can be hugely mitigated by the presence of beavers. The beaver activity ends when it coincides with the edge of the estate. Beyond this point, even in the most ferociously wet weather, the ensuing flow of water is genteel and contained. If the dams were absent, the water would tumble ferociously and cause further problems to the nearby residents of Alyth, who regularly experience devastating flooding from the Alyth burn. This burn and all of the rest of its connected inlets sees no beaver activity – hence the water there is unstoppable in periods of heavy rain and snow.
Bamff’s rewilding activities will dramatically evolve during the 2020s. The issue of the climate emergency and of severe biodiversity loss makes this a truly urgent endeavour.
In addition to the new woodland enhancements, wetland enhancements will include the digging of new scrapes and ponds to provide more habitat for water species, and a series of new riparian planting schemes.
All this is achieved firstly by the removal of sheep farming from approximately a dozen fields.
This website will document the evolution of this project over the coming years. | <urn:uuid:b2060a58-7bbd-4722-a5c6-8344375b9e6f> | CC-MAIN-2021-17 | https://bamff.land/wetland/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618038082988.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20210415005811-20210415035811-00050.warc.gz | en | 0.956199 | 1,364 | 2.921875 | 3 |
(BHUNGA BUILDING, MTHATHA)
This exhibition, originally curated by the Apartheid Museum in Johannesburg, explores the life and times of Nelson Mandela and reveals insights into the man rarely seen before in the public domain.
The Meaning of Mandela, also known as Mandela: Comrade, leader, prisoner, negotiator, statesman originally opened at the Apartheid Museum in Johannesburg a year ago but is now on show at the Nelson Mandela Museum in Mthatha.
It presents a new look at Mr Mandela that shows fresh images and embraces multimedia concepts. The footage, rare photographs, three dimensional objects, notes in Mr Mandela’s handwriting, silk screens and historic texts…these represent a shift in the Museum’s approach to exhibitions and narratives.
It strips back the layers of his life to reveal him as a comrade, leader, prisoner, negotiator, and finally, statesmen. It shows the human values that underpin the man. This was a man not afraid of debate, or criticism. He is a man whose upbringing in this area, largely rural in character, forged and formed him.
The exhibition’s curator, the Apartheid Museum’s director, Christopher Till, says the starting point was the hope of “revealing elements that we subconsciously know about Mandela but which hasn’t up until now been illustrated”.
“We looked for images not seen before – which are few and far between – and tried to engage visitors firstly in a visual sense. The images, the size of the panels, breathe life into the elements of Mandela’s landscape. He could so easily have become a pop cult image, such as Che Guevara or Steve Biko whose faces are on so many t-shirts. But he didn’t because he has such a strong presence and personality and he used his stature to stand up for what he believed in,” said Till.
Till described Mr Mandela as a “man who selflessly followed his destiny moulded by circumstance and conviction, to change ours for ever”.
The exhibition is a product of a transformation grant from the Department of Arts and Culture – the Museum’s major funder – combined with other funding identified by the Museum’s Council to augment the transformation fund. The Museum partnered with the Apartheid Museum, the Nelson Mandela Foundation, the Department of Education, the Ford Foundation, and the Mott Foundation to support this initiative. | <urn:uuid:d4f90a6d-da92-4a81-8c8b-b92c2680a7b5> | CC-MAIN-2017-09 | http://www.nelsonmandelamuseum.org.za/exhibitions/the-meaning-of-mandela | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-09/segments/1487501171608.86/warc/CC-MAIN-20170219104611-00634-ip-10-171-10-108.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955206 | 511 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Would you like to know how much your colleagues earn? What if they knew your salary?
As it turns out, you could both stand to gain from being open about income, according to new data which points to the direct role of transparency in tackling entrenched pay disparities.
In a study of 100,000 U.S.-based academics, researchers Tomasz Obloj of HEC Paris and Todd Zenger from the University of Utah's business school compared their salaries over 14 years and found that pay transparency (now commonplace for colleges in many states) had a major impact on both pay equity and pay equality.
Pay equity refers to how fairly individuals are paid, particularly with regard to gender, while pay equality refers to how similarly individuals are paid relative to their peers in the same institution or industry.
Most strikingly, it found that pay inequity — specifically the gender pay gap — fell by up to 45% in transparent organizations as compared with those that didn't disclose such data. And pay inequality dropped by around 20% when pay transparency policies were introduced.
The research, set to be published later this year in the "Nature Human Behavior" journal, pays heed to the argument that compensation transparency makes it more difficult for employers to pay their staff unfairly. Just this week, a former BNP Paribas employee won a payout of 2 million pounds ($2.7 million) in compensation for gender discrimination after learning she was paid 85% less than her male colleague for an equivalent role.
"Our results suggest pay transparency has a significant and economically sizeable effect in reducing pay inequality and inequity, including by gender," the report said.
Greater pay transparency leads to three possible outcomes, the report found.
One, employers may adjust the salaries of those most underpaid and overpaid. Two, individuals may seek work elsewhere based on salary injustices, prompting employers to reassess their pay. Three, the correlation between performance and pay may be weakened.
The result? Overall pay allocation becomes "more fair, equitable, and less discriminatory," the report said.
"Pay transparency appears to pressure those who assign pay to more aggressively remedy inequities in the allocation of pay," it added.
Still, resistance to pay transparency remains strong, particularly in the private sector.
Many employers argue that such policies undermine their ability to link pay to performance, making it harder to attract and motivate top talent. Indeed, one study of U.S. employers found that 41% actively discourage employees from sharing information about pay with their peers, while 25% explicitly forbid it in a bid to preserve existing systems.
The report itself found that when salaries were made publicly available, the link between pay and performance was reduced by around 40%. However, it added that such a shift in performance metrics could simply lead to a shift away from individual projects and toward more team-based, collaborative work, without compromising on productivity. | <urn:uuid:a3b57b04-0b4d-43f7-969e-497261e054d1> | CC-MAIN-2022-27 | https://www.cnbc.com/2022/02/04/why-knowing-how-much-your-colleagues-earn-could-be-a-good-thing.html?__source=OTS%7Cfinance%7Crelated%7Cstory%7C&par=OTS&doc=107011052 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656104597905.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220705174927-20220705204927-00298.warc.gz | en | 0.971575 | 586 | 2.53125 | 3 |
MCDUs date back to the first generation FMS that was developed in the late '70s for the B757/B767 aircraft. An equipment Characteristic for the MCDU was developed by ARINC committee and published as ARINC 739. This was replaced by ARINC 739A in the '90s to support additional new features.
The ARINC 739/739A Characteristics do not specify a particular font. The regulatory agencies (e.g., FAA) don't really care as long as it is easily readable and fault tolerant. That last bit is the concern that a dead pixel/row/column in the display causes a character to be misinterpreted.
Starting with the originals, the MCDUs were limited by the technology of the displays. They settled on a 14 line, 24 characters per line (fixed pitch) CRT display. CRT fonts were raster generated. The text layout carries over to the current MCDUs when they switched to LCD displays in the '90s.
The fonts used were limited by the CRT technology and later by the available number of pixels in the LCDs. The constraints of aircraft certification generally means that things don't change unless there's a compelling (think: money) reason to do so. So even with today's high resolution displays, the MCDUs still have a 14 line 24 character layout. With more pixels, the fonts are just higher resolution versions of the older fonts.
In recent discussions concerning displays, the manufacturers want a consistent look within the cockpit, subject to the certification rules. As you found in AC 25-11B, there's some general guidance:
5.4.3 The choice of font also affects readability. The following guidelines apply:
188.8.131.52 To facilitate readability, the font chosen should be compatible with the display technology. For example, serif fonts may
become distorted on some low pixel resolution displays. However, on
displays where serif fonts have been found acceptable, they have been
found to be useful for depicting full sentences or larger text
184.108.40.206 Sans serif fonts (for example, Futura or Helvetica) are recommended for displays viewed under extreme lighting conditions.
In my experience, Futura seems to be the most commonly preferred but others do come up. Not surprisingly, some fonts are copyrighted and are subject to licensing fees which reduces their popularity. | <urn:uuid:7bc6f767-a5d4-4287-bb3b-f100fffbac38> | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/55340/what-are-the-fonts-used-in-mcdu-screens | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475897.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20240302184020-20240302214020-00376.warc.gz | en | 0.94855 | 501 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Not long ago, Stanford computer scientist Debashis Sahoo, PhD, told investigators at the Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine that in a few seconds he could find many of the important stem cell genes that the researchers were used to finding only after spending millions of dollars and years in the lab. “We laughed and said, ‘That’s impossible,'” recalls Irving Weissman, MD, director of the institute, in a recent video. But Weissman went ahead and gave Sahoo information about two key genes – and within a few seconds, Sahoo had used his desktop computer to scour the world’s public gene databases, analyzed that information with the computer algorithm he had designed, and come up with over a dozen genes new genes that were involved in the development of certain kinds of cells. That search, Weissman estimates, saved his team a decade of work and about $2.5 million.
More details are shared in the video above. And as a reminder, big data – and the ways in which people like Sahoo are mining through vast amounts of publicly available information to further research and advance health care – is the focus of a Stanford/Oxford conference being held here later this month. | <urn:uuid:12caa5e5-b3a6-4c31-996a-86b016239140> | CC-MAIN-2016-22 | http://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2013/05/07/stanford-computer-scientist-shows-stem-cell-researchers-the-power-of-big-data/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-22/segments/1464049277091.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20160524002117-00141-ip-10-185-217-139.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967495 | 254 | 2.984375 | 3 |
Do you know that Icelandic horses are among the world’s purest breeds? Suited for endurance riding, Icelandic horse breeders can be found all over North America. Read our guide for more facts and information…
Icelandic horses’ history dates back to 874 when the Vikings settled in Iceland. During the earliest days of breeding, the government had banned the importation of horses because of the fear that they would bring in disease. As a result of years of isolation the Icelandic horses are known for their characteristics of ride-ability, character, speed, comfort and stamina.
Icelandic Horse Gaits
Gaited horses have gained immense popularity worldwide and even though there are thousands of Icelandic’s’ who are living outside their country, yet they remain as one of the world’s purest breed of horses.
The horse is small, with about 13 – 14 hands making it easy to mount and dismount. The Icelandic gaited horse is one which aside from the basic walking, trotting and cantering, has two unique gaits which are the Tolt and the pace that allow smooth travel over rugged terrains. The Icelandic horse is gentle, friendly and calm natured which is why whoever rides the horse has a delightful experience.
The Icelandic horses’ unique characteristics are credited to the natural selection, breeding and the training technique of working together to shape the horse.
Icelandic horses could not develop their flight response as the only native predator is the little Artic fox. The real challenge for the horses is posed by the landscape of Iceland with its snow fields, rivers and volcanic slopes.
The pace is a surprisingly smooth two beat gait which allows the horse and the rider to move across the ground easily as the front and back legs on both sides move forward together.
Icelandic Horse Tolt
The Tolt is the real pleasure of Iceland as it allows anyone to have a smooth riding experience. Due to the 4 beat gait the rider can sit back, stretch down the stirrup and enjoy the feeling of floating while being firmly seated on the horse’s back. Even though Iceland has a glacially oriented terrain, the Icelandic horses can move easily due to their high steps. They face little difficulty compared to other breeds on the same tracks.
Only those who have travelled on the Icelandic horse can understand how perfectly the gaited horse fits for Iceland’s countryside. The Icelandic horse is bred and trained for excellence and it delivers at all times. | <urn:uuid:6189b5c0-92fc-409f-a72b-958d29f19433> | CC-MAIN-2014-35 | http://globerove.com/iceland/icelandic-horses-in-iceland/11095 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-35/segments/1408500830834.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20140820021350-00132-ip-10-180-136-8.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959168 | 511 | 2.640625 | 3 |
In this example, Zoltan_Initialize is called using the argc and argv arguments to the main program. Then a pointer to a Zoltan structure is returned by the call to Zoltan_Create. In this example, all processors will be used by Zoltan, as MPI_COMM_WORLD is passed to Zoltan_Create as the communicator.
Several application query functions are then registered with Zoltan through calls to Zoltan_Set_Fn. Parameters are set through calls to Zoltan_Set_Param. The application then performs in computations, including making calls to Zoltan functions and utilities.
Before its execution ends, the application frees memory used by Zoltan by
|/* Initialize the Zoltan library
struct Zoltan_Struct *zz;
Zoltan_Initialize(argc, argv, &version);
zz = Zoltan_Create(MPI_COMM_WORLD);
/* Register query functions. */
/* Set some Zoltan parameters. */
/* Perform application computations, call Zoltan, etc. */
/* Free Zoltan data structure before ending application. */
|! Initialize the Zoltan library
type(Zoltan_Struct), pointer :: zz
ierr = Zoltan_Initialize(version) ! without argc and argv
zz => Zoltan_Create(MPI_COMM_WORLD)
! Register load-balancing query functions.
! Set some Zoltan parameters.
! Perform application computations, call Zoltan, etc.
! Free Zoltan data structure before ending application. | <urn:uuid:4045004d-6575-44d1-892c-ed7a361fbdf1> | CC-MAIN-2014-15 | http://www.cs.sandia.gov/Zoltan/ug_html/ug_examples_init.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-15/segments/1397609535775.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20140416005215-00633-ip-10-147-4-33.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.780549 | 362 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Dihydrogen monoxide parody
The dihydrogen monoxide parody involves calling water by an unfamiliar chemical name, most often "dihydrogen monoxide" (DHMO), and listing some of water's effects in a particularly alarming manner, such as accelerating corrosion (rust) and causing suffocation (drowning). The parody often calls for dihydrogen monoxide to be banned, regulated, or labeled as dangerous. It plays into chemophobia and demonstrates how a lack of scientific literacy and an exaggerated analysis can lead to misplaced fears.
The parody has been used with other chemical names such as hydrogen hydroxide, dihydrogen oxide and hydric acid.
A 1983 April Fools' Day edition of the Durand Express, a weekly newspaper in Durand, Michigan, reported that "dihydrogen oxide" had been found in the city's water pipes, and warned that it was fatal if inhaled, and could produce blistering vapors. The first appearance of the parody on the Internet was attributed by the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette to the "Coalition to Ban Dihydrogen Monoxide", a parody organization at UC Santa Cruz following on-campus postings and newsgroup discussions in 1990.
This new version of the parody was created by housemates while attending the University of California, Santa Cruz, in 1989–1990,[better source needed] revised by Craig Jackson in 1994, and brought to widespread public attention in 1997 when Nathan Zohner, a 14-year-old student, gathered petitions to ban "DHMO" as the basis of his science project, titled "How Gullible Are We?"
Jackson's original site included the following warning:
- is also known as hydroxyl acid, and is the major component of acid rain.
- contributes to the "greenhouse effect".
- may cause severe burns.
- contributes to the erosion of our natural landscape.
- accelerates corrosion and rusting of many metals.
- may cause electrical failures and decreased effectiveness of automobile brakes.
- has been found in excised tumors of terminal cancer patients.
Despite the danger, dihydrogen monoxide is often used:
- as an industrial solvent and coolant.
- in nuclear power plants.
- in the production of styrofoam.
- as a fire retardant.
- in many forms of cruel animal research.
- in the distribution of pesticides. Even after washing, produce remains contaminated by this chemical.
- as an additive in certain "junk-foods" and other food products.
Molecular terminology and naming conventions
The water molecule has the chemical formula H2O, meaning the molecule is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Literally, the term "dihydrogen monoxide" means "two hydrogen, one oxygen": the prefix di- in dihydrogen means "two", the prefix mono- in monoxide means "one", and "oxide" designates oxygen in a compound (due to the two o's that would happen in 'monooxide' the o's are fused together to form monoxide). Using chemical nomenclature, various names for water are in common use within the scientific community: hydrogen oxide; hydrogen hydroxide, which characterises it as an alkali; and several designating it as an acid, such as hydric acid, hydroxic acid, hydroxyl acid, hydrohydroxic acid, and hydroxilic acid. (The term used in the original text, hydroxyl acid, is a non-standard name.)
Under the 2005 revisions of IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry, there is no single correct name for every compound. The primary function of chemical nomenclature is to ensure that each name refers, unambiguously, to a single substance. It is considered less important to ensure that each substance should have a single unambiguous name, although the number of acceptable names is limited. Water is one acceptable name for this compound, even though it is neither a systematic nor an international name and is specific to just one phase of the compound (its liquid form). The other IUPAC recommendation is oxidane, which is used by industry groups promoting oxidane in industrial practices.
- In 1989–1990, several students circulated a dihydrogen monoxide contamination warning on the University of California, Santa Cruz, campus via photocopied fliers.
- In 1994, Craig Jackson created a web page for the Coalition to Ban DHMO.
- The Friends of Hydrogen Hydroxide website was created by Dan Curtis Johnson, partly as a foil on the Coalition page, claiming to oppose its "subversive agenda". The site points out that hydrogen hydroxide is "environmentally safe" and "enhances the functionality, growth, and health of many forms of life".
- In 1997, Nathan Zohner, a 14-year-old student at Eagle Rock Junior High School in Idaho Falls, Idaho, gathered 43 votes to ban the chemical, out of 50 ninth-graders surveyed. Zohner received the first prize at Greater Idaho Falls Science Fair for analysis of the results of his survey. In recognition of his experiment, journalist James K. Glassman coined the term "Zohnerism" to refer to "the use of a true fact to lead a scientifically and mathematically ignorant public to a false conclusion".
- In late 1997, drawing inspiration from Jackson's web page and Zohner's research, Tom Way created a website at DHMO.org, including links to some legitimate sites such as the Environmental Protection Agency and National Institutes of Health.
- On April 1, 1998 (April Fools' Day), a member of the Australian Parliament announced a campaign to ban dihydrogen monoxide internationally.
- In 2001, a staffer in New Zealand Green Party MP Sue Kedgley's office responded to a request for support for a campaign to ban dihydrogen monoxide by saying she was "absolutely supportive of the campaign to ban this toxic substance". This was criticized in a press release by the National Party, one of whose MPs fell for the very same joke six years later.
- In 2002, radio talk show host Neal Boortz mentioned on the air that the Atlanta water system had been checked and found to be contaminated with dihydrogen monoxide, and set about relating the hazards associated with that "dangerous" chemical. A local TV station even covered the 'scandal'. A spokesperson for the city's water system told the reporter that there was no more dihydrogen monoxide in the system than what was allowed under the law.
- The idea was used for a segment of an episode of the Penn & Teller documentary show Penn & Teller: Bullshit!, in which actress Kris McGaha and a camera crew gathered signatures from people considering themselves "concerned environmentalists" to sign a petition to ban DHMO.
- In March 2004, Aliso Viejo, California, almost considered banning the use of foam containers at city-sponsored events because dihydrogen monoxide is part of their production. A paralegal had asked the city council to put it on the agenda; he later attributed it to poor research. The bill was pulled from the agenda before it could come to a vote, but not before the city received a raft of bad publicity.
- In 2006, in Louisville, Kentucky, David Karem, executive director of the Waterfront Development Corporation, a public body that operates Waterfront Park, wished to deter bathers from using a large public fountain. "Counting on a lack of understanding about water's chemical makeup", he arranged for signs reading: "DANGER! – WATER CONTAINS HIGH LEVELS OF HYDROGEN – KEEP OUT" to be posted on the fountain at public expense.
- Occasionally, petitions on the UK Government e-petitions website on this subject have been closed or rejected.
- In 2007, Jacqui Dean, New Zealand National Party MP, fell for the joke, writing a letter to Associate Minister of Health Jim Anderton asking "Does the Expert Advisory Committee on Drugs have a view on the banning of this drug?"
- On April 1, 2009, then Canadian Member of Parliament, Andrew Scheer (who was later elected leader of the Conservative Party), used the DHMO parody as the basis for an April Fool's Day "media release" on his website, in which he claimed to have presented a bill to ban the substance from all federal government buildings.
- In February 2011, during the campaign of the Finnish parliamentary election, a voting advice application asked the candidates whether the availability of "hydric acid also known as dihydrogen monoxide" should be restricted. 49% of the candidates answered in favor of the restriction.
- In April 2013, two radio personalities at Gator Country 101.9, a station in Lee County, Florida, told listeners that dihydrogen monoxide was coming out of their water taps as part of an April Fool's Day prank and were suspended for a few days. The prank resulted in several calls by consumers to the local utility company, which sent out a release stating that the water was safe.
- "April Fool's Day, 1983". Museum of Hoaxes. Archived from the original on April 18, 2001. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- Kruszelnicki, Karl S. (May 17, 2006). "Mysterious killer chemical". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- Roddy, Dennis B. (April 19, 1997). "Internet-inspired prank lands 4 teens in hot water". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- Lechner, Erich (February 23, 1990). "Warning! Dangerous Contamination!". Usenet rec.humor.funny archive. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- Mikkelson, David (December 12, 2017). "Is Dihydrogen Monoxide Dangerous?". Snopes.com. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- Jackson, Craig (1994). "Ban Dihydrogen Monoxide!". Coalition to ban DHMO. Archived from the original on October 31, 1996. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- "DHMO Material Safety Data Sheet". Improbable Research. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- "Material Safety Sheet – DiHydrogen Monoxide" (PDF). DHMO.org. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- Van Bramer, S. E. (1996). "Chemical Nomenclature". Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- "About Water". Bluelake Technologies. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- "Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry: IUP Recommendations 2005" (PDF). 2005. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- Leigh, G. J.; Favre, H.A.; Metanomski, W.V. (1998). Principles of Chemical Nomenclature: A Guide to IUPAC Recommendations (PDF). UK: Blackwell Science Ltd. p. 99. ISBN 0-86542-685-6. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- "The Oxidane Foundation". oxidane.org. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- "Contamination Warning!" (PDF). UC Santa Cruz. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- "Hydrogen Hydroxide: Now More Than Ever!". Armory.com. Archived from the original on May 23, 2014. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- Glassman, James K. (October 10, 1997). "Dihydrogen Monoxide: Unrecognized Killer". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- "Press Kit". DHMO.org. Retrieved November 25, 2018.[permanent dead link](password-protected)
- "Campaign launched against dihydrogen monoxide". Deutsche Presse-Agentur. April 1, 1998.
- "Greens Support Ban On Water!". Scoop Independent News. October 25, 2001. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- Gnad, Megan (September 14, 2007). "MP tries to ban water". New Zealand Herald. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- Dave (June 5, 2012). "Neal Boortz to Hang Up the Headphones". Fellowship Of The Minds. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- "Environmental Hysteria". Penn & Teller: Bullshit!. Season 1. Episode 13. April 18, 2003. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- "Local officials nearly fall for H2O hoax". NBCNews.com. March 15, 2004. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- Halford, Bethany. "Danger! H in H2O". Chemical & Engineering News. Vol. 84 no. 43. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- "Petition to "Ban dihydrogen monoxide" on UK Government e-petitions Web site". Archived from the original on March 3, 2014. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- "Questions And Answers - Wednesday, 12 September 07". Scoop. September 13, 2007. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- "PDF file of related correspondence" (PDF). Scoop. September 13, 2007. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- "Regina-qu'appelle mp tables legislation to ban dihydrogen monoxide". April 1, 2009. Archived from the original on May 11, 2011. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- "Pitäisikö lakia tiukentaa vetyhapon saatavuuden ja käytön osalta?" (in Finnish). Sosiaalinen Vaalikone. February 25, 2011. Archived from the original on May 29, 2013. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- "Florida DJs Are Off the Hook for Their Successful April Fool's Prank". The Atlantic Wire. April 3, 2013. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- "Presenters suspended for April Fool hoax". Radio Today. April 1, 2013. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
- "2 radio personalities suspended due to April Fools' Day prank". WFTV. April 2, 2013. Retrieved November 25, 2018. | <urn:uuid:5bed2aef-c422-4912-8560-ceafbeba6074> | CC-MAIN-2020-40 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihydrogen_monoxide_hoax | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600402088830.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20200929190110-20200929220110-00214.warc.gz | en | 0.916369 | 2,952 | 3.125 | 3 |
Driving on conventional roads, i.e. roads that have vehicles traveling in opposing directions with no physical separation between the lanes, requires particular attention. Junctions, oncoming vehicles, the coexistence of vulnerable users such as pedestrians and cyclists and overtaking all represent an added element of danger.
But not all of the responsibility for accidents on these roads is down to driving. Lack of maintenance and protection systems along many stretches, road layouts and traffic intensity are variables to be taken into account.
The solution lies in improving road maintenance, making sure there is protection in place to eliminate accident black spots and establishing safe lanes for other users, such as cyclists so they are separated. The most ambitious proposals are for a change in the road layout where possible, in order to make two lanes plus one, which alternate every certain number of kilometers with a central barrier that guarantees head-on collisions can be avoided.
Over the period these solutions are put in place, we as drivers can only take responsibility for doing our part by being more careful when driving on these roads.
We want to avoid fatalities on secondary roads. To achieve this, we need your help. | <urn:uuid:a2039193-bd26-4fbe-8e1e-1d756585f901> | CC-MAIN-2020-24 | https://www.fundacionmapfre.org/fundacion/en/programs/road-safety/key-topics/conventional-roads/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347396163.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20200527204212-20200527234212-00122.warc.gz | en | 0.949477 | 232 | 3.1875 | 3 |
Jump to:Page Content
The central premise of social capital is that social networks have value. Social capital refers to the collective value of all "social networks" [who people know] and the inclinations that arise from these networks to do things for each other ["norms of reciprocity"].
How does social capital work?
The term social capital emphasizes not just warm and cuddly feelings, but a wide variety of quite specific benefits that flow from the trust, reciprocity, information, and cooperation associated with social networks. Social capital creates value for the people who are connected and - at least sometimes - for bystanders as well.
Social capital works through multiple channels:
- Information flows (e.g. learning about jobs, learning about candidates running for office, exchanging ideas at college, etc.) depend on social capital.
- Norms of reciprocity (mutual aid) rely on social networks. Bonding networks that connect folks who are similar sustain particularized (in-group) reciprocity. Bridging networks that connect individuals who are diverse sustain generalized reciprocity.
- Collective action depends upon social networks (e.g., the role that the black church played in the Civil Rights movement) although collective action also can foster new networks.
- Broader identities and solidarity are encouraged by social networks that help translate an "I" mentality into a "we" mentality.
What are some examples of social capital?
When a group of neighbors informally keep an eye on one another's homes, that's social capital in action. When a tightly knit community of Hassidic Jews trade diamonds without having to test each gem for purity, that's social capital in action. Barn-raising on the frontier was social capital in action, and so too are e-mail exchanges among members of a cancer support group. Social capital can be found in friendship networks, neighborhoods, churches, schools, bridge clubs, civic associations, and even bars. The motto in Cheers "where everybody knows your name" captures one important aspect of social capital.
Joining and participating in one group cuts in half your odds of dying next year.
Every ten minutes of commuting reduces all forms of social capital by 10%
For information on how to increase social capital in your own community go to www.BetterTogether.org The final report of the Saguaro Seminar is now available at BetterTogether.org
Robert Putnam explains social capital jargon in this interview with the OECD Observer, Robert Putnam explains some of the social capital jargon. What does "social capital" mean? | <urn:uuid:f6c293cc-10fe-498e-8eef-14cb8c61949a> | CC-MAIN-2015-40 | http://www.hks.harvard.edu/saguaro/socialcapitalprimer.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-40/segments/1443737940789.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20151001221900-00041-ip-10-137-6-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.918366 | 523 | 3.359375 | 3 |
Eat like a Pan Am athlete this summer. With the Pan American Games only a week away, starting July 26, there is a lot of attention about the incredible talents of the athletes. Their performances will hopefully inspire you to increase your physical activity and eat more like an athlete.
Whether you’re a weekend gardener or a professional athlete, your body requires optimal nourishment. The quality of food is important to ensure you’re receiving top nutrients, but it’s also important not to deprive yourself. In her book, Eat Like an Athlete, author Simone Austin says, “We’re not going on a diet, we’re not making ourselves feel deprived, we’re not judging ourselves [for what we eat] too much, and we’re still enjoying food. Food is about enjoyment.”
So how do you eat like an athlete?
We know that our energy needs increase when we’re active. Most people need between 1,500 and 2,000 calories a day. For athletes, this number can increase by 500 to 1,000 more calories.1
- Eat a variety of fruits and vegetables … at least five servings per day, including a variety of colors. One serving is approximately the size of a baseball. Add Greens to your smoothies for extra vitamins and minerals.
- Choose whole grain carbohydrates such as whole-wheat bread or pasta. Avoid sugary cereals, white breads and bagels.
- Choose healthy sources of protein such as chicken, turkey, fish, peanut butter, eggs, Greek yogurt, coconut oil, flax seed, Mila, nuts and legumes.
- Hydrate! A loss of sweat equals 2% of body weight and this can cause a noticeable decrease of physical and mental performance. Losses of 5% or more of body weight during physical activity may decrease the capacity for work by roughly 30%.2 Energize your daily workout with sugar-free, anti-oxidant rich ENERGY. Replenish vital fluids, electrolytes and nutrients, while quenching your thirst, with GPS Hydrate.
- Stick with whole food options instead of processed foods.
Navigate to your peak performance with GPS
Whatever your level of activity, from yard work to general fitness to professional athlete, let GPS guide your performance. GPS Energize, GPS Circulate and GPS Adapt help prepare you physically and mentally by providing nutrients to muscles and organs and helping you adapt to physical stressors. GPS Hydrate replenishes lost liquids, GPS Rebuild restores energy to muscles and GPS Reset resets hormones while burning calories while you sleep.*
Use all six products as a system for best results or customize their use to your nutrient and energy requirements.
Energize, Circulate, Hydrate, Rebuild and Reset are all Informed-Sport Certified so you can be assured they have been tested for banned substances and are safe to use.
Get your sport on
Want to create some friendly competition with your friends or family? There are so many ways to get active. Did you know that race walking is one of the sports in the Pan Am games? Practice during your lunch hour, or when walking your kids to the park. It would be fun to hold your own triathlon at home. Plan a bike/run/swim event, or just a bike/run event if you don’t have access to a pool or a lake.
The Pan American Games begin on July 26 and run through August 11 this year. Have a watching party and cheer for your favorites! Get inspired to increase your activity and be sure to eat like an athlete to optimize your performance. | <urn:uuid:2294f3d2-f5d1-4c65-bd54-6061dbaf876b> | CC-MAIN-2021-17 | https://livepure.blog/2019/07/17/eat-for-peak-performance/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618038464146.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20210418013444-20210418043444-00445.warc.gz | en | 0.930558 | 756 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Examples of bilateral treaties exist in everyday life. You enter this type of agreement every time you buy from your favorite store, order a meal in a restaurant, treat your doctor or even see a book in your library. In any case, you promised a particular action to another person or party in response to the action of that person or party. Reward offers are usually unilateral contracts. The bidder (the party offering the reward) cannot compel anyone to honour the reward offer. However, a bidder may sue for default if the bidder does not pay the premium after the bidder has met the contract requirements. A unilateral trade agreement is a trade agreement imposed by one nation with no regard for others. It benefits only one country. It is one-sided because other nations have no choice in this matter.
It is not ready to negotiate. Bilateral and unilateral agreements can be applied in court. If Main Street Pizza charges you the full price for a large pizza at 12:30 p.m, they have broken their unilateral contract. Similarly, if your accountant files your deductions but never files your tax returns, he or she has violated the bilateral treaty. A violation of both types of contracts can be brought before the courts. Unlike unilateral treaties, bilateral agreements require each party to take legal action. Let`s look at the example above of lost cats. If you pay a particular person to find your cat, it is a bilateral contract with a legally binding obligation on both sides. If the person you are hiring is not looking for the cat, he may be held responsible for an offence. As a supplier, you are responsible for paying only the person you hired to find the chat and not opening the offer to other people. A unilateral agreement is a kind of free trade agreement. Another type is a bilateral agreement between two countries.
This is the most common because it is easy to negotiate. The third type is a multilateral agreement. It is the most powerful, but it is a long time to negotiate. | <urn:uuid:6fbb2c23-e5f4-43ec-bfdc-021d7e48da10> | CC-MAIN-2021-04 | https://www.cifronim.com/unilateral-agreement-meaning/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610703529179.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20210122082356-20210122112356-00059.warc.gz | en | 0.957385 | 400 | 2.703125 | 3 |
by Anton Shilov
12/10/2012 | 06:05 PM
IBM on Monday announced a major advance in the ability to use light instead of electrical signals to transmit information for future computing. The breakthrough technology – silicon nanophotonics – allows the integration of different optical components side-by-side with electrical circuits on a single silicon chip using, for the first time, sub-100nm semiconductor technology.
Silicon nanophotonics takes advantage of pulses of light for communication and provides a super highway for large volumes of data to move at rapid speeds between computer chips in servers, large datacenters, and supercomputers, thus alleviating the limitations of congested data traffic and high-cost traditional interconnects.
“This technology breakthrough is a result of more than a decade of pioneering research at IBM. This allows us to move silicon nanophotonics technology into a real-world manufacturing environment that will have impact across a range of applications,” said Dr. John E. Kelly, senior vice president and director of IBM Research.
An IBM 90nm silicon integrated nanophotonics technology is capable of integrating a photodetector (red feature on the left side of the cube) and modulator (blue feature on the right side) fabricated side-by-side with silicon transistors (red sparks on the far right). Silicon Nanophotonics circuits and silicon transistors are interconnected with nine levels of yellow metal wires.
The amount of data being created and transmitted over enterprise networks continues to grow due to an explosion of new applications and services. Silicon nanophotonics, now primed for commercial development, can enable the industry to keep pace with increasing demands in chip performance and computing power.
Businesses are entering a new era of computing that requires systems to process and analyze, in real-time, huge volumes of information known as Big Data. Silicon nanophotonics technology provides answers to Big Data challenges by seamlessly connecting various parts of large systems, whether few centimeters or few kilometers apart from each other, and move terabytes of data via pulses of light through optical fibers.
Angled view of a portion of IBM Silicon Nanophotonics chip
Building on its initial proof of concept in 2010, IBM has solved the key challenges of transferring the silicon nanophotonics technology into the commercial foundry. By adding a few processing modules into a high-performance 90nm CMOS fabrication line, a variety of silicon nanophotonics components such as wavelength division multiplexers (WDM), modulators, and detectors are integrated side-by-side with a CMOS electrical circuitry. As a result, single-chip optical communications transceivers can be manufactured in a conventional semiconductor foundry, providing significant cost reduction over traditional approaches.
IBM’s CMOS nanophotonics technology demonstrates transceivers to exceed the data rate of 25Gb/s per channel. In addition, the technology is capable of feeding a number of parallel optical data streams into a single fiber by utilizing compact on-chip wavelength-division multiplexing devices. The ability to multiplex large data streams at high data rates will allow future scaling of optical communications capable of delivering terabytes of data between distant parts of computer systems. | <urn:uuid:1cfd8e7f-6b6c-4587-94ef-5643a6d67aa6> | CC-MAIN-2015-06 | http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/other/print/20121210180515_IBM_Announces_Silicon_Nanophotonics_Breakthrough.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-06/segments/1422115891802.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20150124161131-00182-ip-10-180-212-252.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.895136 | 664 | 3.0625 | 3 |
Welcome to the Tesla Memorial Society of New York Website
International "Tesla" Unit of Magnetic Flux Density
T (Tesla) = W (Weber)
Nikola Tesla's name has been honored with an International Unit of Magnetic Flux Density called "Tesla". This is the highest honor of a scientist's recognition. Only three American scientists have been honored with an International Unit. The International Electrotechnical Commission Committee of Action in Munich, Germany, on June 27th 1956 proclaimed: "the world unit of magnetic flux density in the Giorgi system to be called "Tesla". The Tesla Unit measures the concentration of a magnetic field, the number of field lines per square meter. One Tesla Unit is large, equal to 10,000 gauss - a unit used in the "cgs" system of measure. All MRI machines are calibrated in Tesla Units, in the range of .5T(Tesla) to 6T(Tesla).
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the latest method of making visual images of the soft tissue and inner-organs of the human body, to find a tumor, a mass, and a damaged tissue of the body. This is a method of visualizing soft tissue of the body by applying an external magnetic field that makes it possible to distinguish between hydrogen atoms in different environments. Polarization of hydrogen atoms by MRI is different in normal and pathological tissues of the body. This is an application of the principle of nuclear magnetic resonance. | <urn:uuid:d78286fc-f61c-45a4-aca7-064f42a1527e> | CC-MAIN-2015-14 | http://www.teslasociety.com/teslaunit.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-14/segments/1427131293580.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20150323172133-00111-ip-10-168-14-71.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.90486 | 301 | 2.640625 | 3 |
The latest news from academia, regulators
research labs and other things of interest
Posted: Feb 18, 2011
Printed electronics - the roadmaps were wrong
(Nanowerk News) Samsung Electronics of South Korea had approximately $132 billion in sales in 2010 and it is prioritising printed electronics for the future, its commitment extending to making its required materials, production machines and components and manufacturing complete products based on this new and versatile technology. Panasonic of Japan, a company of similar size, is also seeking to deploy electronic printing much more widely. It is seen as an enabling technology that is already cost reducing their electronic and electrical products. Today's examples include the filter and liquid crystal layers in LCDs and of course antennas, flexible keyboards and so on. Inkjet printing is being rapidly deployed for printing electrodes on solar cells, where non-contact deposition is desired because the ever thinning solar cells become more fragile. In the future, we have the prospect of flexible colour e-readers and television sets and even the printing of large lithium-ion traction batteries for the booming electric vehicle market. This is therefore as much about electrics as electronics and we only call it printed electronics for brevity.
The roadmaps were wrong
Earlier roadmaps for printed electronics have been almost entirely erroneous. It is not primarily about cost reduction, nor is there a trend towards organic versions taking over most applications. It is no longer focussed mainly on improving existing products. It targets doing what was previously impossible to create radically different consumer propositions. For example Nokia of Finland is about to make announcements concerning its work on stretchable printed electronics. Consumer goods companies see a next level of retailing involving far more noticeable, appealing and informative human interfaces provided by printed electronics. These will appeal to more of the human senses. Examples include Mars Inc., the world's largest petfood company, which is also a leader in human foods, and Metro Group of Germany is one of the largest supermarket chains in the world.
A new ten year road map reflecting some of the recent changes of direction with printed electronic materials, components, circuits and resulting products is shown below. For clarity, only a few of the changes of direction and new targets and timelines are shown as the market heads for over $55 billion in 2020.
A new ten year road map for printed electronics reflecting some of the recent changes of direction with the materials, components, circuits and resulting products.
In Germany, Platingtech and Future Shape are seeing huge interest in their smart textiles and apparel created with printed electronics while T-Ink in the USA is using it to radically reduce the weight and cost and increase space in the new electric cars, having already had great success with printed electronic toys and novelties. Indeed, T-Ink has some groundbreaking propositions for consumer goods as have Flexible Electronics Concepts and Novalia in the UK. Soligie in the USA has an impressively expanding repertoire of high volume production capability to meet the required output and price points with these. On different tack, outdoor promotions leader JC Decaux in France is eager to see the large area deployment of moving colour, sound and so on in billboards posters and the like.
Many users are developers now
It is little wonder that some large organisations are now both developers and users of printed electronics, including the US Army, which sees scope for radically new components made possible with printed electronics. That even includes printing energy harvesting layers such as the VirginiaTech CEHMS piezoelectric layers that convert movement into electricity.
Basic building blocks
In the new world of multilayer electronic printing it is best not to worry too much about where electronics begins and electrics ends: they are merging. However, making basic building blocks such as timers and energy harvesting with storage will be important. Consider the European FACESS project depositing a complete photovoltaic, power conversion and storage unit on a single plastic film. The Bayer of Germany breakthrough in combining "fidelity haptics" and light management with their polycarbonate film is also relevant here. DuPont Teijin of the USA is leader in the specialist polyester films used in other printed electronics.
Many developers in East Asia now see organic transistors improving in cost and performance too slowly to be the best solution for many high frequency circuits in consumer goods. For display backplanes, zinc oxide based semiconductors such as InGaZnO are prioritised for commercialisation about two years after organic ones. A precursor of this was the 40 inch inkjet printed OLED television using RF sputtered zinc oxide backplane transistors that Samsung demonstrated last year. The printed manganese dioxide zinc batteries from Blue Spark are being successfully incorporated into other printing processes. On the other hand, Samsung now has the world's first 4.8 inch full colour active matrix PDLC display driven by printed organic transistors on a plastic substrate. Indeed, Thinfilm of Norway is well ahead with printed memory by depositing superior organic ferroelectrics and progressing to complete circuits.
The introduction of printable copper by several companies last year, including Novacentrix and intinsiq, has led to a race to replace silver inks, with their price hikes, in some applications such as antennas and transistor electrodes and interconnects. The alternative approach of using less silver by applying nano silver inks is also gaining traction. Much further down the line are CNT, graphene and other conductors and semiconductors offering even better performance. Meanwhile, Heraeus is leader in organic transparent conductive inks and allied products with its Clevios brand.
Change in deposition machinery
As for deposition, screen and inkjet printing are the most widely deployed for printed electronics but flexo and gravure and occasionally fast letterpress are now encountered. Sometimes, using regular printing machines with minimal modification is in prospect. For example, organic photovoltaics and OLEDs are relatively straightforward to print but they need very good barrier sealants against oxygen and water ingress. Fortunately companies such as Henkel have new advances in this area.
So how can one learn more about this tsunami wave of progress and meet the key people? The answer is simple. All the above companies are presenting or exhibiting at the world's leading event on the subject "Printed Electronics Europe" in Düsseldorf Germany on April 5-6. Add to that five presentations on printing electronics onto paper, for instance, and a large number on the new flexible photovoltaics. There will be optional masterclasses and visits to centres of excellence in the subject on the day before and the day after the two day conference and exhibition. With an awards dinner and many other opportunities to network, free information and working samples, the event will be even more unmissable this year. | <urn:uuid:22d4c98e-2ad9-451a-8519-5cedf4d231d5> | CC-MAIN-2016-50 | http://www.nanowerk.com/news/newsid=20202.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-50/segments/1480698541864.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20161202170901-00500-ip-10-31-129-80.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947507 | 1,376 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Nature’s miracles and our health
“The usual US diet provides an insufficient amount of vitamins, supplementation is inexpensive and the scientific evidence shows that supplementing with certain vitamins prevents chronic disease, specifically cardiovascular disease, various types of cancer and osteoporosis” – JAMA June 2002
Chronic Heart Disease, Diabetes, Cancer and Obesity are Pandemics in the World today. The unfortunate fact is that some of this is preventable. Of course there are many factors including genetics and environmental issues. However, optimal nutrition cannot be emphasised enough together with regular exercise and stress management. It is lamentable that there is still often a “band aid” approach, rather than looking for the cause/s and correcting those. This of course pertains to various factors including the traditional teaching in “Modern” Medicine and the organisation of health care systems globally as well as a fair amount of ignorance and lack of appreciation for not only the significance of nutrition but also other types of therapies (e.g. TCM, Ayurveda) – which have often been around for thousands of years. Further, preventative measures can be hastened due to economics, politics and other vested interests.
Just looking at a couple of statistics is alarming enough. Globally, there are over ONE BILLION overweight people. In Australia there are 17 million overweight or obese people- that’s over 77%! – It has overtaken smoking as the leading cause of death. And there are 346 million people worldwide with diabetes (WHO figures 9/2011) – and growing.
Most illnesses that we see today are either due to a lack of things we need and an excess of things we don’t need.
Nature contains many of the vitamins and minerals that are essential to our optimal health and disease prevention. The Recommended Daily Intake for nutrients is only enough to prevent a disease- more than this amount is required for optimal health. For example, having the recommended intake of vitamin C will prevent scurvy – but much more is necessary for it to help prevent chronic disease.
An interesting quote…
“The Doctor of the future will give no medicine, but will interest the patient in the care of the human frame, in diet and in the cause and prevention of disease”
THOMAS A EDISON (1847 – 1931) | <urn:uuid:91bfc06a-e3a6-4500-8d05-74646c8644da> | CC-MAIN-2021-17 | https://dramygajjar.com/natures-miracles-and-our-health/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618038082988.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20210415005811-20210415035811-00052.warc.gz | en | 0.949986 | 481 | 2.8125 | 3 |
The Sikh Nation
From Sanskrit patha, pathin, or pantham, means literally a way, passage or path and, figuratively, a way of life, religious creed or cult. In Sikh terminology, the word panth stands for the Sikh faith as well as for the Sikh people as a whole. It represents the invisible mystic body comprising all those who profess Sikhism as their faith and encompassing lesser bodies, religious as well as political, claiming to represent the whole of the Sikh population or any section of it. Panth for the Sikhs is the supreme earthly body having full claim on their allegiance. It transcends any of its components and functional agencies.
The use of the term panth as a system of religious belief and practice, synonymous with marga or religious path, is quite old. Several medieval cults used it as a suffix to the names of their preceptors, such as Gorkhpanth and Kabirpanth, their followers being called Gorakhpanthis and Kabirpanthis. Even the Sikhs were earlier known as Nanakpanthis. In the Guru Granth Sahib, panth is used both in its literal as well as in its figurative sense. In the former sense it frequently occurs in poetical images of a love-lorn soul with her gaze fixed on the path (panth) longing for the Divine Lover, God, or the Guru who would unite her with the Supreme Being. In the latter sense it is often combined with an adjective or noun as in mukti panth, path to liberation, uttam panth, the superior path, nirmal panth, unstained, pure faith, dharam panth, religious creed and hari ka panth, way to God. Bhatt Kirat, a bard whose verses were entered by Guru Arjan in the Guru Granth Sahib, identifies gur-sangat, holy assembly of the Sikhs as uttam panth (GG, 1406). Guru Nanak, too, had used gurmukhi panth, religion of the Guru-wards for those (the sangat) singing God's praises (GG, 360). Bhai Gurdas (d. 1636) uses panth for the entire body of Sikhs when he, eulogizing Guru Nanak, records: "He vanquished the party of the Siddhas with his discourse and created his own separate panth" (Varan, 1.45).
Panth thus emerged as a comprehensive concept standing for the totality of the Sikh system. It represented both jot (spirit) and jugat (means or institutions) of the Sikhs. With their religious doctrines canonized in the Scripture, Guru Granth Sahib, their separate identifiable institutions like sangat and pangat and their holy places like Goindval and Amritsar, Sikhs had by the beginning of the seventeenth century become a distinct entity. The execution of Guru Arjan in 1606 led to Guru Hargobind, Nanak VI, introducing the doctrine of mini and piri (worldly and spiritual leadership) combined in the person of the Guru. This doctrine meant the fusion of bhakti (religious devotion) and sakti (power). Ratan Singh Bhangu, the author of Prachin Panth Prakash, writing in the middle of the nineteenth century, expounds it thus: "The Panth contains in itself the power of the Guru; the panth comprises devoted and disciplined worshippers of God."
A further dimension to the concept of Panth was brought about by Guru Gobind Singh (1666-1708). He introduced the initiation by the double-edged sword and, to repeat a line from an old verse, transformed the sangat into Khalsa. The Panth was now identified with the Guru himself. "The Khalsa is my special image," he said, "I abide in the Khalsa. Khalsa is my life and soul." The Panth, now called Khalsa Panth, was the Guru Panth. Guru Gobind Singh at his death declared the Granth Sahib as Guru everlasing for the Sikhs. The line of living Gurus came to an end and the Guru Panth became its own leader under the guidance of the Guru Granth Sahib. The term Panth became more popular possibly for its assonance with Granth.
The achievements of the Sikhs under Banda Singh Bahadur and Dal Khalsa, the federated army of the Sikh misls, during the eighteenth century gave an expanded meaning and import to the term panth. Panth and Khalsa came to be used synonymously for the community as a whole as Guru Panth or Guru Khalsa and were even compounded as Khalsa Panth, Panth Khalsa or Guru Khalsa Panth. Sikh Army Panchayats of the early 1840's issued orders under the seal of Khalsa Panth Jio. Some Punjabi poet-chroniclers of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries used the same or similar terminology. Giani Gian Singh (1822-1921) calls his Panth Prakash a history of the Guru Khalsa. Thus Panth which ideologically stands for a marga representing the whole system of precept and practice laid down by the Gurus, signifies, on the institutional plane, the corporate body of the Sikh community. In the latter sense it identifies itself with the Guru Khalsa and claims sovereign authority over the affairs of the community.
In the earlier period of the emergence of Sikhs as a political force, the militant Khalsa under the leadership of Banda Singh Bahadur and the Dal Khalsa represented the interests of the Sarbatt Khalsa or Panth. With the establishment of Sikh power under Misl leaders and later under Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the function of guarding the interests of the Panth passed on to the Sikh State which, however, left the matters of religious and theological nature in the hands of local priesthood without a central body vested with controlling or supervisory powers. The British period following the annexation of the Punjab in 1849 maintained the status quo, but gradually a new representative organization sprang up in the form of Khalsa Diwans of Lahore and Amritsar, and later the Chief Khalsa Diwan which, soon after its birth in 1902, replaced them. The functional mechanism of the Panth underwent a big change with the establishment of the Shiromani Akali Dal in 1920. The latter, as a political party of the Sikhs, has since the middle of the 1920's dominated Sikh affairs, both religious and secular.
Yet the Panth, according to Sikh belief, is a permanent reality, higher than any of its functional agencies which must justify their validity by serving the interest of the Panth as a whole or be replaced by the Guru Khalsa Panth assembling as Sarbatt Khalsa, the supreme repository of ultimate powers of miri and piri, i.e. secular and religious authority. | <urn:uuid:f9808af6-f095-4f56-b0d8-0c27506cff05> | CC-MAIN-2016-40 | http://www.allaboutsikhs.com/sikh-organisations/panth | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-40/segments/1474738662133.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20160924173742-00157-ip-10-143-35-109.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954759 | 1,445 | 3.03125 | 3 |
While many gardeners propagate geraniums from cuttings, it is possible to do so from seed. Seed-grown geraniums offer heat tolerance and disease resistance, two things that ensure lower maintenance in the garden. They are a slow-growing plant, so they must be started early in order to be ready for bed planting in the spring. Begin the seeds approximately 15 weeks before you plan to set them outside; it will ensure that they'll be ready to bloom once in the ground.
Sterilize the seed pots before planting. Wash in a solution of one part bleach to 10 parts water then rinse well.
Fill the pots with a sterile soil-less seed starting mix to within 1/2 inch of the rim. Moisten the mix evenly throughout before planting.
Sow two seeds per pot directly on the soil surface. Cover with 1/8 inch of soil.
Cover the pot with plastic wrap then place it where it receives bright, indirect light. Maintain a temperature in the room of 70 to 75 F during germination.
Remove the plastic wrap and place the seedlings under grow lights once they germinate, approximately seven to 10 days after sowing. Set the lights 4 inches above the tops of the seedlings and leave them on for 12 to 16 hours a day.
Water once the soil surface begins to feel dry. Apply a half-strength liquid fertilizer every two weeks once the plants produce their second set of leaves. | <urn:uuid:99e44bad-0910-4d0a-a36c-61a9f4f6b06a> | CC-MAIN-2015-27 | http://www.gardenguides.com/84277-grow-geranium-seeds.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-27/segments/1435375099755.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20150627031819-00113-ip-10-179-60-89.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917947 | 299 | 3.125 | 3 |
Can someone explain to me how you set up this question??
Ship A, sailing due east a 7km/h, sights ship B, 10 km to the southeast when ship B is sailing due north at 5km/h. What is the closest the ships will come to each other? Express the distance to two decimals. | <urn:uuid:d4dc5573-d0b7-42fb-a3f5-9f2980bb9b93> | CC-MAIN-2017-09 | http://mathhelpforum.com/calculus/8872-optimal-values-print.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-09/segments/1487501172017.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170219104612-00210-ip-10-171-10-108.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962697 | 68 | 2.734375 | 3 |
We know this to be true.
It is better for children to have “open-ended” materials to play with, for instance a wooden block is a phone, a car, a generator, a remote control, an i-pod. Since our cooperative school has been around for almost 70 years, I imagine that the blocks have been all kinds of things. We can go from an i-pod, which of course is a small block and quite a modern use of a wooden unit block, but I have pulled two long unit blocks from our collection to remind me that many, many children have used these blocks as something other than just building materials. Each of these blocks carry an inscription drawn in a child’s hand. One says, “A-Team” and the other says “M-16.” The first inscription probably dates from the 80′s when that TV show was on air and the other from the 60′s during the Vietnam war era. And now we have i-pods.
That is just the blocks. At some point in the developmental arc, our children no longer use the play ground just for climbing, sliding, scrambling, and digging. They use it as a backdrop for rich, imaginary play scenarios. We have three, very expensive play structures, i.e. climber/slide unit, as set of rockin’ tubes, and a seesaw. When the children are 4 and 5 these can be leapt over and eaten for breakfast. This is when the loose parts we have collected and made in the playground become so important.
We have bottle “babies” (2 liter bottles filled with water, and yes, they stay filled) sourced from Carol Kranowitz, rock “babies” (small 5 lbs-ish carefully selected mini-boulders, and 8-inch by 8-foot wooden posts. These are all child-moveable and child-definable. From a child development standpoint these also have a wonderful subtext — when carried they build coordination, agility, and trunk strength — but who cares? Well, I do, but for the children — the important part of this story — when carried around and placed strategically, these materials give ownership to the mover, Pretend this is a… The most wonderful way to begin a sentence in early childhood. We are firing on all cylinders now.
We also have larger items including large and small boards collected over the years from various renovation projects, a boat, and sticks and logs, as well as little things like egg shells, fake flowers and vines, seed pods, acorns, and cut ornamental grasses. And these are just the outdoor materials (well, except that everyone needs even more sticks inside, of course). My favorite thing that happens inside is when we can designate the oriental rug in our imaginary play space as something and the wooden floor it rests on as something else altogether. I currently do not have any good ropes on hand and this causes me great distraction. Am I failing the children? We do have jump ropes and tae kwon do belts. These work in a pinch, but won’t get you far.
Each year, this grand imaginary play takes on new structure defined by the group gestalt. One year, we had this ornate game called, “Chickenpult” and as with many of the children’s games, I did not understand the full intricacies of the play. It had chickens (invisible ones), rattles, food, and depending on if it was taking place outside or in, sand seed corn or imaginary seed corn. I think there was a catapult involved, but I never saw one and I didn’t ask. This year, the 4/5-year olds have a couple scenarios in play and there are a couple that bring special joy. The first is “conveyor belt”. This involves the bottle babies, every board and post on the place, a large bucket, a tube, and several rubber balls and hoses. The bottle babies are moved along a conveyor by human-like machines, are “filled” by wildly out-of-control hoses, and then dumped into a chute in a very humane way (they fall into a bucket filled with the rubber balls and wads of ornamental grass). This was such an infectious idea that the other classes, which meet at different times, are now making their own conveyor belts.
Another cool thing that is happening on the playground is also cool to watch because the children have figured out how to share the space with the conveyor belt and use materials that are not on the supply list for that belt. There is such nest-building action going on, I am thinking of calling someone to arrange a house and garden tour of the nests! Children are using the acorns, flowers, grasses, sand, rock babies, etc. to create the most beautiful nests I have ever seen! This is nostalgic for me because it reminds me of the year of Brood X, the cicada hatch that brought on a glorious storm of nest-building and insect-catching that lasted for 2 whole years.
As adults, I believe, we should not, mandate how to use these materials. I mean, what adult imagines “Chickenpult”? I sometimes make suggestions and then quickly remove myself, knowing that one out of ten of my ideas might be workable for these young thinkers. Too much adult intervention would limit the creative flow children inherently possess. They should spend most of their time cultivating imagination and problem-solving in these early years. I am left to simply look out for developing splinters, tying better knots as needed, serving as a moving company for the larger boards, or helping with the negotiations for limited supply distribution. I also get to watch and enjoy, fortunate to follow the threads of their imaginary play each day!
Please visit our flickr collection, “Moveable Feast” for photographs of children’s imaginary play using loose parts. | <urn:uuid:78b843ad-cc2f-461a-b293-01dd32c408d9> | CC-MAIN-2015-27 | http://takomacooperativeschool.org/2011/04/moveable-feast-the-beauty-of-loose-parts/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-27/segments/1435375095775.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20150627031815-00109-ip-10-179-60-89.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963185 | 1,249 | 2.84375 | 3 |
Ottawa, ON - Larry Maguire, Member of Parliament for Brandon-Souris highlighted the Federal Government's National Wetland Conservation Fund and encourages municipalities, post-secondary institutions and stakeholders to apply for funding. For projects beginning after April 1, 2015, the deadline to submit an application is November 21, 2014.
"The significance of wetlands to our ecosystems is increasingly being acknowledged by scientists and public policy experts," said Maguire. "They serve as a water filtration system and improve our water quality. They can also act as a reservoir to help control and reduce flooding through water storage and retention."
The National Wetland Conservation Fund (NWCF) supports projects that: restore degraded or lost wetlands; enhance degraded wetlands; scientifically assess and monitor the health and functionality of wetlands and the species that use them; and, encourage stewardship and wetland appreciation by a wide variety of partners to build support for future wetland conservation and restoration activities.
Activities eligible for funding:
- Wetland restoration: the manipulation of the physical and/or biological characteristics of a site with the goal of returning natural/historic ecological goods and services to a former habitat.
- Wetland enhancement: the manipulation of the physical and/or biological characteristics of a habitat site, usually to address human caused impacts.
- Wetland science: assessing, monitoring and prioritization of wetlands for restoration, enhancement. As well as biophysical inventory/monitoring of restored/enhanced wetlands to assess ecological benefits of conservation actions.
Funding is variable and depends on the project. Typical funding ranges from $50,000 to $250,000, with a maximum amount available of $500,000 per year per project. | <urn:uuid:c805cdbe-fbcd-4598-8f26-d246c45a813b> | CC-MAIN-2020-45 | https://www.larrymaguire.ca/larry-maguire-highlights-national-wetland-conservation-fund | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-45/segments/1603107910204.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20201030093118-20201030123118-00224.warc.gz | en | 0.928261 | 347 | 2.671875 | 3 |
The Bruce Murray Space Image Library
Penelope crater, Tethys
Filed under pretty pictures, Tethys, Cassini, amateur image processing, Saturn's moons
Cassini flew past Tethys on August 14, 2010 to capture this view of the crater Penelope. Below Penelope, the center crater in a line of three small craters is named Irus.
NASA / JPL-Caltech / SSI / processed by Emily Lakdawalla
Original image data dated on or about August 14, 2010.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. For uses not allowed by that license, contact us to request publication permission from the copyright holder: Emily Lakdawalla
Other Related Images
Pretty pictures and | <urn:uuid:4bc12be3-124f-40a6-b08e-9544ae581d9a> | CC-MAIN-2017-13 | http://www.planetary.org/multimedia/space-images/saturn/penelope-crater-tethys.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218194601.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322212954-00579-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.808731 | 166 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Thank you for Subscribing to Life Science Review Weekly Brief
Researchers from LiU have applied a method to identify the proteins in the body affected by chemicals. The technique can discover whether a substance has biological effects on an organism early.
They’re in the water, the food we drink, and the environment around us. More than 100,000 chemicals are employed in manufacturing, agriculture, industry, and consumer articles. Few of them can have adverse effects on our health. However, a phenomenon is known as the “cocktail effect” is known.
In late decades, one of the challenges in toxicology has been predicting the effects of exposure to mixtures of various chemicals.
“Levels of pollutants are constantly increasing, and it is challenging to test the effects of all chemicals. In addition, it is challenging to test mixtures of substances. I believe that our technique can lead to more efficient use of time and money than conventional methods, which test the effects on one biological mechanism at a time”, says a learner in the Division of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences.
Functions of proteins affected.
The researchers emphasize that the way they detail in an article in the Journal of Proteomics can be employed to detect, at an early stage, unwanted biological effects of substances. These things can then be studied in more detail through other methods.
“Chemicals interface with proteins fairly promiscuously, and we frequently find that numerous proteins are affected by the substances we test. We see that the operations of proteins are afflicted by their interactions with chemicals, which is consistent with the effects of pollutants and damaging substances in the cell”, says a professor in BKV who has led the study.
Researchers at LiU investigate how chemicals and pollutants interface with proteins to determine at an early stage whether a chemical has biological effects on an organism. They employ mass spectrometry to find the specific proteins interacting with the chemicals.
The new method applied by the LiU researchers is based on a technique developed to study pharmaceuticals, proteome integral solubility alteration, shortened as “PISA.” The researchers have tested how the method can identify the proteins from an organism that interact with pollutants and other chemicals. First, targeting to obtain proteins from all types of cells in an organism and its proteome, the researchers extracted proteins from zebrafish embryos. Then, they blended the proteome with one or several substances.
Environmental toxin affected
The researchers have used the method in four scenarios:
● An individual pollutant
● A mixture of chemicals
● A new bioactive substance
● Undesired effects of a new drug
They tested, for instance, the effects of a well-studied environmental toxin, TCDD, and determined several proteins affected by TCDD that were unknown in previous studies. The results indicate that studying the complete proteome of an organism with this method will allow scientists to find more likely molecular interactions between chemicals and proteins. | <urn:uuid:30c09d30-8a0b-4e5b-87d0-6c7d19336691> | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | https://www.lifesciencesreview.com/news/ways-to-indicate-unwanted-biological-effects-of-chemicals-nwid-835.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764499654.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20230128184907-20230128214907-00313.warc.gz | en | 0.957885 | 611 | 3.09375 | 3 |
View Full Version : Mountain Cur Dog History
February 18, 2009, 05:29 PM
For those with interest in hunting with dogs. Mountain Curs are the pioneer dogs of the Southern Mountains. It has been said by many old timers that without Mountain Curs, or bear dogs, the Southern Mountains could not have been settled by the pioneers. Mountain Curs were a necessity for the frontier family. They guarded the family against wild animals and other dangers and caught, treed and holed animals for the family food. When moving to a new home, pioneers provided for the Mountain Cur puppies. Baskets were slung across the back of pack animals and the puppies rode. If no pack animals were available, family members carried the valuable puppies.
Our Mountain Curs came from Europe along with their owners, who came to America seeking new homes. Settlers landed along the Eastern coast of the New World. Restless souls moved down the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia into the Carolinas, across the Appalachian Mountains, along the Wilderness Trail into Kentucky and Tennessee and south and west into Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas and Missouri.
It had been established through family history and research that Spanish Explorers brought the brindle, bob-tailed Curs to the South. Hernando de Soto brought the brindle Curs to drive the hogs and provide protection against wild animals, while he explored the South and discovered the Mississippi River. Hunters and settlers found the brindles when they came South.
The colors of Mountain Curs of early days are dominant today. Brindle, yellow, black and blue. Some have white markings. Different strains were known by their owners' names such as: Arline, York and Ledbetter. All these dogs have the same general traits, such as strong treeing instinct on all game, courageous fighters and intelligence. The Mountain Cur today is still a varmint dog! Hunting whatever game his master wants. He is also a guard dog, farm dog and family protector. This dog is put down and ridiculed by some uninformed people because of the word "Cur". In Mountain Cur the word "Cur" is used idiomatically and has NO meaning of "low" or worthless".
February 18, 2009, 05:35 PM
From my understanding... The mountain cur started out as one of the 2 distinctly different looks of plott hound. I understand that one side of the plott family went a different way in breeding them. It was decided to call the original type a plott hound and the other was the mountain cur. They surely has varied over the generations as is seen in the wide confirmation and color standards.
February 18, 2009, 08:44 PM
Our Mountain Curs came from Europe along with their owners,
This is the first I've heard of this. In all my research and experience in hounds, curs and terriers I've never seen or heard of curs being used in Europe. Hounds and Airedale terriers were brought from Europe with their upper class owners. The smaller terriers, to a lesser extent, were also brought over with their owners but have been more recently imported. In the old country, terriers were the poor mans meat, varmint and poaching dog. People unable to own packs of larger pack type dogs owned and breed most of the terrier breeds known today. A good % of them were developed in Ireland. These people didn't have the $$ to bring their dogs with them. Curs are the southern USA's version of the poor man's meat and varmint dog and in my opinion, distinctly American. Land owners needed a good dog and cared less about what the breeding of a dog was. They bred "the best to the best" regardless of breed. In today's cur breeds you will find a background of hound, shepard, terrier, etc. Further evidence can be had if you compare the appearance of today Curs with that of the "city street dogs" of 3rd world countries. In the streets of these countries dogs roam freely and breed whenever to whatever. The results are dogs that look almost identical to the Curs we enjoy in the US. 30-40 lbs, short coat, med. bent over ears and a medium snout. Some settlers may have brought a "Cur" like dogs with them but they would make up a very very small part of today's cur bloodlines.
Enough of the BS. Here's some facts!! Today's Mountain and Blackmouth Curs are some of the best hunting dogs going. Their popularity is catching on in droves due to the "specialization" of the hound breeds into ill-handling, deep ranging, stupid trail/tree dogs (most, not all). Curs will hunt whatever you put em on and still have enough brains and pleasant disposition to make good pets and farm dogs. They don't have the nose of a hound nor are they as small as a terrier for ground work but they're still the best thing going and most handle like a dream.
February 18, 2009, 11:11 PM
LK, If you think that every dog that came over from Europe was a Pure Bred, you need to start over with your research. orchidhunter
February 18, 2009, 11:29 PM
The plott was a european bear dog brought over by the plott family in the mountains around, oddly enuff, plott creek in North Carolina.
Note the resemblances... I do...
The word cur is used to mean home brewed breed. Not a pure long accepted breed.
February 18, 2009, 11:46 PM
Brent, check out our website at www.omcba.com I think you will like what you see. orchidhunter
February 19, 2009, 01:23 AM
What are the breed standards? For a breed that is by its nature an amalgamated pot hound (I hope I got the reference right), I'd think you'd have a hard time pinning it down.
The dogs I've hunted behind were a couple of lab mixes and a spaniel. Each time was for pheasants and each time the dogs did better than the hunters.
February 19, 2009, 01:30 AM
Like many cur dogs the breed standards are pretty wide.
Luckily they didn't adopt a color standard.
February 19, 2009, 07:03 AM
Buzzcook, This is the standard for one of the strains of Mt.Cur, known as the Mt. View Cur there are many strains of Mt. Cur.--- 1. COLOR: Yellow (includes Blonde - Golden - Reddish), Brindle, Brindle & Black, and Black & Brindle, and solid Black. They often will have white points (feet, chest, muzzle, forehead).
2. HEAD: Dome flat, wide between eyes, heavy muzzle, short to medium ears set high with control, eyes preferred dark, prominent, and expressive. Neck strong and muscular.
3. BODY: Deep chested, back straight and strong, coat smooth or rough with a soft fine undercoat.
4. TAIL: Natural bob or docked preferred. Docking should leave enough tail to have a handle when grown.
5. FEET: Cat paw type, strong and well muscled, set for speed. No dew-claws on hind feet. Pups born with them, should have them removed.
6. LEGS: Straight, muscular, set for speed.
7. VOICE: Semi-open trailing preferred on big game and coon. Silent trailing preferred on squirrel, with a good clear tree bark that can be heard a long distance.
8. HEIGHT: Males at shoulders: 20-26 inches, average being 23 inches.
Females at shoulders: 18-24 inches, average being 21 inches.
9. WEIGHT: In proportion to height and body structure. Not over 60 pounds and not under 30 pounds in hunting condition. Males being heavier than the females. Ideal weight average being 45 pounds.
10. CHARACTERISTICS: Strong treeing and hunting instinct, cold nose for winding ability but will swing out with head held high and drift or cut a track in an effort to catch the game and will tree game that has left no trail. Easily discouraged from unwanted game. Courageous fighters on dangerous game, but not aggressive toward other dogs or family members. They MUST have a strong desire to please their master. When bred to like they will produce a high percentage of “Natural” tree dogs. orchidhunter
February 19, 2009, 07:35 AM
Here's a picture of mine. Love her. Very good all around dog.
February 19, 2009, 07:52 AM
P97, Good looking dog. Your right when you say the Mt. Cur is a "very good all around dog". orchidhunter
March 16, 2009, 09:58 PM
"Bulldog" blood has been added to Plott Hounds and I think it's a good thing if you need something to "go to war" with wild pigs. By "Bulldog" I mean American Pit Bull "Terrier" blood. I'm of the opinion that when you see the brindle coat is an indicator of "bulldog" blood somewhere in the breeding - even if it's a hundred years ago.
Check out the website www.boardogs.com for some superb dogs in New Zealand and Australia. I'd love to have some - but I have nothing to do with them as I don't hunt boar.
That's one beautiful Plott Hound, btw.
March 16, 2009, 10:58 PM
I had a Blackmouth cur dog.
" Black mouth cur is the best dog in the world. Good for the family as well as hunters. Loyal and will give there lives to protect you. Insure you get yours from a good breeder such as Murphy's Black Mouth Curs in Mobile AL. They have kept the breed as it should be and spend almost too much time gettting them ready for there new owners. If your still not sure about it watch old yeller. Thats what a Black Mouth Cur is and will do for you."
Also several Catahoulas.
They tell me they are simular.
My BMC was crossed with white english bull dog.
1/2 the litter was yeller and 1/2 was brindle.
Jeb Stuart- Catahoula dog with Gene
March 16, 2009, 11:23 PM
The Catahoula Cur or Louisiana Catahoula Leopard Dog, is named after Catahoula Parish in the state of Louisiana in the United States. Of remaining dog breeds, the Catahoula is believed to have occupied North America the longest, aside from the dogs descended from Native American-created breeds. The breed is sometimes incorrctly referred to as the "Catahoula Hound" or "Catahoula Leopard Hound", as it is not a hound, but a Cur.
Big Jake Catahoula Leopard cow-hog dog up Kelly Creek with his family.
March 16, 2009, 11:34 PM
The King of the stock dog breeds, most enduring... stamina is their middle name... CATAHOULA LEOPARD STOCK DOGS outwork and outfight all other breeds of stock dogs when protecting their master, livestock, and property. They are the largest and most aggressive of the cattle dogs, bred to handle wild cattle and hogs in the roughest, most remote country. Catahoulas will also hunt coon, bear, or whatever else they are introduced to. These dogs are not good city dwellers... they need several acres to roam to be happy. A farm or ranch is really their element.
Catahoulas are bred to go and find livestock in swamps, hilly canyons, thickets or forests, or mountains. They will trail, nose to ground, but prefer to throw their heads up and "wind" their prey, taking the shortest route to find, gather up or bunch, and circle and bay the quarry until their master
can reach them to take control.
Preferred size from 20-26", weight 50-90 lbs, with a few individuals larger although most males average 60-70 lbs in lean working condition, & about 24" tall. Short haired, long tail, natural flop ear (like a Dalmatian ear), they come in every color of the rainbow, but are best known for a blue/grey base with black/liver spots ("blue Leopard"), tan legs and face, white toes and chest. Many variations on this general pattern. Spots occur in all colors. Blue/glass or parti-colored "marbled" or "cracked"eyes are common in every litter. Often a dog will have eyes of two different colors.
Catahoula Leopards are extremely agile and athletic, territorial, protective of "their property". They are more primitive psychologically than most breeds and need consistent obedience reinforcement. The owner must understand the Alpha concept and stay in control at all times, but still be loving to the dog. Very loyal, loving, intelligent and independent... they really think for themselves.
ole yeller up Fish Creek
March 16, 2009, 11:57 PM
Big Jake up Pagoda Ridge
Indian trail used by Lewis and Clark 1805 - My favorite lost secret place.
one more link -
American Catahoula Assc homepage
"The American Catahoula Association (ACA) is an organization dedicated to uniting owners and breeders of registered Louisiana Catahoula Leopard Dogs. ..."
March 17, 2009, 08:12 PM
Packhorses and catahoula cur dog pup up Weitas Creek.
That was a good soft dog that loved dogs and people and everybody.
Except for the building inspector. When he showed up Jake would not let him out of his car. LOL>
March 17, 2009, 08:21 PM
Thats why those dogs were so tough. They had to survive in the rugged and mean Appalachian Mountains. Not only were the animals mean and tough the mountain men were some of the roughest you could find. It was the land full of bushwackers and lawless men.
March 17, 2009, 09:26 PM
I suppose this is the wrong thread to say that I was raising and training hunting poodles in the 60s. :D
Poodles are a good all-round dog, also. The only problem is that they do tend to be a bit headstrong. You have to be smarter than your dog.
These are not mine, of course, as I closed that business in 1963, when I moved to Alaska.
March 17, 2009, 09:40 PM
My favorites were my Plotts. I think they are just a spit or two from Cur dogs.
March 17, 2009, 10:39 PM
I had some headstrong Catahoulas. Blue was always fighting dogs- I am tougher than you- yes they would say and then he was ok. I loved and hated that dog. He was my first cur. Then Jake and Yeller were soft, pleasant and perfect. :) Soft but tough; like men should be. :D
Oakie is obedient and Jeb is difficult. Headstrong is not the right word- maybe wild is better. I see the red wolf in cur blood in Jeb.
Maybe the Red wolf shows up in all of them in their brains? Perhaps cur means you never know what you will get?
Like my Morgans, they are all different but have this one thing in common- two or three horses inside. My curs are too much dog, like my Morgans are too much horse.
I always wanted a working large Poodle dog. Never had one though, and never knew of anyone who owned one. Untill now...
March 17, 2009, 11:48 PM
My stud was 90 pounds and waist high to me. When he was about 4 months old, I put a choke chain on him and fastened it to my belt. It never came off of him except when I was changing pants.
We finally came to an understanding. He wouldn't yank me off my feet and drag my face along on the ground. I would not pick him up by the hind legs and slam him back to the ground. :D
He turned out to be a prime hunter. I could use him for water retriever, pointer, flusher, hound and baby sitter. More than once we bagged rabbits, quail and coyote on the same day.
Sold him to an avid hunter whom he liked. Cried a little.
March 18, 2009, 12:36 AM
I trained my last two dogs to drag me for tracking men in harness. WE track in a dog collar- I can barley control them... a harness and I'd be drug face down. :D
I used Leerburg Tracking through Drive and the book that starts them on 24hour trails. My dogs did great. Search and Rescue was mad cuz they could hardly track a 4 hour old trail with broke dogs, and my pups were ...
curs who are better than the best. :D
My SAR team did everything they could to de- rail my dogs. Silly people. :p
guns and more
March 18, 2009, 11:20 AM
This made me think of a time many years ago when my wife and I went backpacking in Ohio. We left the car at the trailhead and were met by a dog that walked with us, about five miles. He spent the night outside our tent, and walked back to the trailhead with us the next day. When we got to the car he took off.
What a great dog, I guess he just liked to help people.
March 18, 2009, 11:32 AM
Hope you fed the Samaritan pooch breakfast!
March 18, 2009, 01:03 PM
armedandsafe: The article you link to points out the importance of running new dogs with experienced ones. The pups learn from the old dog as much as they do from the hunter/trainer.
I saw that with the second lab my in-law owned. It picked up its cues from the first lab and learned in one season what it took two for the older dog to learn.
Which brings us to the hunting pig. The in-law was driving home one night and found a piglet on the side of the road. To make a long story short the pig got raised with the dogs and would flush pheasants when he hunted on the home acreage. Eventually the pig was turned into bacon, but it was fun while it lasted.
March 18, 2009, 05:19 PM
mtnm, I hunt the Kemmer strain of Mt. Cur. They hunt hard and fast, but not too far away. They check in about every 30 minutes if not on track. They make cold tracks appear hot. They circle and drift until they find the hot end of tracks and run to catch and catch to kill. They do not open on a track that cannot be moved. When working bear and boar they have the speed to bite and circle game in one motion and keep the animal turning. They will catch every groundhog on a farm even if it takes all summer. Will crawl on there stomachs to stalk a groundhog trying to get between groundhog and den. They have a clear chop mouth. Easy to tell when treed. They can heel a cow like a stock dog and get rough with a mean cow if need be. These dogs are people-oriented and have a very, very strong need to please you. Hope this is some help to you. orchidhunter
March 18, 2009, 06:32 PM
Whats the difference between a hound and a cur?
Someone told me its that curs check back in. Is that true?
...or curs are mixed with the dogs of DeSoto and greyhound, bulldog and more.
or maybe hounds are keen on game, and curs are keen on people but work too.
or curs work hogs, cattle and find game.
Let me see if I understand your launguage?
They make cold tracks appear hot.
They have an exceptional nose.
They do not open ( bark or hollar ? ) on a track that cannot be moved. Game that does not run?
They will catch every groundhog on a farm even if it takes all summer. Jeb killed a skunk on his chain without getting sprayed.
They can heel a cow like a stock dog and get rough with a mean cow if need be. Do they also circle and head cows?
They have a clear chop mouth. Not sure what that means?
Are your dogs so hard headed that you use a shock collars to teach come?
People tell me I own hounds. I have never met a cur owner before...
and all I know about my dogs is what they have taught me.
They can only be replaced with another cur.
March 18, 2009, 07:00 PM
Officially a curr is a lesser dog or a mixed breed. For us a bulldog that "currs out" is one that released grip on a hog or never caught but instead went to baying...
For us hoggers an open dog is one that barks before they see the quarry... usually results in no bayed hog as they will run ahead and rest and run as the yapper closes in... ie: "haulin the mail" to the next county.
Clear chop is a more traditional bark opposed to athe bawl of a hound...
March 18, 2009, 07:46 PM
mtnm, check out our website at www.omcba.com and the Kemmer Cur folks website http://z11.invisionfree.com/Kemmers_Hybrids/index.php orchidhunter
March 18, 2009, 08:52 PM
I am surprised by how much some of you love dogs!:confused:
March 18, 2009, 09:15 PM
Roy, For those like mtnm, the dog is a trail boss guarding the loved ones... For me, they are my one and only means to an end... And knowing the risk we all face on a hog hunt I must put my trust in the dogs, more the bulldog but all play a role. They in turn put their life in my hands to hustle up and get the hog tipped and tied as quick and clean as possible to reduce the risk of injury to the dogs... I don't care if it is a deep beaver pond with snakes and gators I must swim... it ain't time to get my nerve... Like Mr.Nike says... JUST DO IT!
I can't speak for the bird and coon hunters as I haven't done that too much and haven't owned such dogs, unless you consider my bulldog trashin out on a coon or beaver...:o
March 18, 2009, 09:33 PM
You missed my meaning.
March 18, 2009, 09:39 PM
I think I caught it but didn't expound on it the way I could have... If you mean the incessant desire to learn about the various breeds and traits of the breeds... it generally comes as part of the territory... I couldn't tell a mt.curr from a partin curr from a bluetick hound until I got started huntin' hogs. I also thought all bulldogs were one and the same with just different regional names with the exception of english and boston bulldogs... I may still be offbase of your intended meaning and if so please elaborate for me cuz you may have slipped a frisbee brand pie tin passed my head...
February 16, 2011, 02:31 AM
hardwoods ida belle
she is an original mt. cur
treeing a squirrel
February 16, 2011, 08:06 AM
... but had a Catahoula Cur / Siberian Husky mix who was the best dog I've ever owned.
Don't tell my current three dogs (Jack Russell; Pit/Pointer; and American Bulldog/German Shepherd/Samoyed/Terrier mix). They are all good dogs, and don't need to know I had a favorite. (Had to put him down in 2008 when he just couldn't get up one morning; 13 years old, lower spine had fused on him.)
We've thought about a black-mouthed cur as our next one, down the road.
February 16, 2011, 08:37 AM
The Mountain Cur on the left, and Australian Cattle Dog on the right, in the Background are excellent all around dogs, and work good together. The black dog in the front became Wolf food. He wasn't near the dog the other two are.
February 16, 2011, 11:32 AM
My mtn. cur, Titus.
February 17, 2011, 10:26 AM
I really enjoyed this thread.
A friend of mine had a catahoula cur, it was an excellent dog.
Thanks for the great pictures, beautiful country.
I spend as much time as possible horseback. If I was in that country I don't know if anyone would ever see me again.
February 18, 2011, 04:31 PM
Back when my dad had a pack of deer hounds he had a few Plotts over the years. They were not as fast as walkers or have the nose of a bluetick, but they were solid dogs. A big male named Joe was toughest dog we ever had. He was gentle to handle but wanted to fight other dogs. We had a time settling that. He also loved to fight hogs as well. We had to get him sewn up a few times, but he never would back down from a hog. I also saw him scrap with a big male coon under a blown down tree. He was cut up pretty good from that as well.
The curs I've seen around here were medium sized dogs that were excellent at treeing squirrels. They also were good companions.
February 19, 2011, 03:38 PM
I live within 10 miles of Catahoula lake in central Louisiana and have lived here most of my life. The hog dogs that took the lakes name were originally bred around here for hunting free-range hogs. They're normally blue-brindle dogs, but the defining feature in these woods is blue eyes. If a dog doesn't have blue eyes (around here) he's not considered a Catahoula Cur (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catahoula_Cur). Another defining trait of the Catahoula Cur is pronounced webbing between the toes. That trait makes it easier for the dogs to work in swampy areas.
There are some who are trying to rename this breed the Louisiana Catahoula Leopard Dog (http://www.dogbreedinfo.com/catahoula.htm). The Catahoula Cur is the official dog of the state of Louisiana.
The best one I ever had was a dog named Cuz. I got Cuz during his later years after he'd retired from the hog business. His owner was moving and Cuz couldn't go on the road with him, so he asked if I'd take the dog. We lived together for about eight years on my mini-farm. Dependable, loyal, strong, smart, Cuz was a wonderful dog and I shed my tears when I found him under his favorite cedar tree, asleep but grown cold.
February 19, 2011, 03:51 PM
In the mid 60s I had the good fortune of hunting w/ a gentleman and his catahoula. The hunting was for javelina in the Hondo, TX area. That dog was a real hunter..stamina and an excellent nose.
I got to handle the dogs after the bay. We would leash the dogs and then the hunter shot. Hog was usually backed into or against some hollow log or stump or some pear. Once I let the dogs go when the hog bolted out of the log, after the shot. That is a dangerous time for the dog. They only went 50 yds and the wounded hog went back to the log. From then on I understood and never made that mistake again.
September 13, 2011, 03:48 PM
I have a german sheperd // cur mix pup about three months old. He has more of the cur look and temperment than the german sheperd. Living out on the Texas gulf coast where the temps have reached over 104 degrees, he is always actively seeking some type of water to play in. I do not know much about cur dogs, as my experience is with german sheperds. I would like to get some good useful training tips as well as any behavior issues to look out for. Max has been going to the burn pile and has been caught chewing on burnt tin cans, so I am a little scared of vet bills in the future if this keeps up. Any advice is greatly welcomed.
September 13, 2011, 04:35 PM
I've found that they all have different personalities, even of the same breed, just like people. My Half Mountain Cur, is a very sensitive dog, and has to be handled easily. She will do anything to please me, and get me to praise her. She has been easy to train, because all I have to do is make her understand what I want her to do. She is the most obedient dog, I've ever had. My Australian Cattle dog, will do what I ask, but at times, you can tell its not because he wants, but knows he has to. I never have to whip the Mountain Cur, but can just scold her, and it has the same affect as a whipping. The Cattle dog, has to be trashed occasionally, so he'll remember to do what he knows to do. My Mountain Cur liked to chew bones when she was young, and still likes to. She will also eat anything she finds dead, and smelling, in the woods, even though she's fed well. Before my Mountain Cur gets too old, I'm planning to get a Full Blood Pup, and let her help me train it. The Mountain Cur is the best behaved, all around dog I've ever owned. Since I have two different breeds, for two different purposes, my Mountain Cur will work cattle with the cattle dog, and the Cattle dog will tree, and help the Mountain Cur kill Varmints.
September 25, 2011, 10:53 AM
I figured out a long time ago that If you can get A Mountain Cur, and a Hound to hunt together, you will be very successfull, to this day, I now hunt a Bluetick with a mountain Cur, and tree coons when other cant.
vBulletin® v3.8.7, Copyright ©2000-2015, vBulletin Solutions, Inc. | <urn:uuid:95d327ab-3065-4bc1-bf29-4999bc330131> | CC-MAIN-2015-48 | http://thefiringline.com/forums/archive/index.php?t-339222.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-48/segments/1448398447043.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20151124205407-00043-ip-10-71-132-137.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964192 | 6,485 | 2.875 | 3 |
Pregnancy is a period in which a woman carries in her womb the embryo . For couples who have been married , the pregnancy is the long-awaited moment , although there is a delay. So packing up , so do not want to miss this Investmandiri.com Bisnis Investasi Online Sebagai Lowongan Kerja, Dan Peluang Usaha Murahmoment and finally figure out what the heck it was an early sign of pregnancy ? Like what characteristics of the young pregnant woman ?
Well , to add to your knowledge and curiosity about the
characteristics of pregnant women , we inform the following 20 common
early sign of pregnancy that occurs in pregnant women .
Early Pregnancy Signs1 . Swollen and tender breasts
Pain or tingling in the breast is one of the most common pregnancy symptoms . In early pregnancy , the breasts will fill out and deformed by prepare to produce milk . Breasts can become very tender and sensitive for several months . However,
it should be noted , according to the lactation specialist , Teresa
Pitman , not all women experience these changes , especially if they
have been using birth control pills . In addition to swollen breasts , one other marks are the areola area into a darker color .
2 . Changes in body shape
Not only enlarged abdomen when a woman pregnant . But some other areas such as the buttocks , thighs and chest and arm swelling will usually follow .
3 . Frequent urination and constipation Makin
During pregnancy , the fetus grows in the womb will suppress bladder so that the frequency of urination will increase. Bladder filled with urine is also faster and the desire to urinate becomes more frequent .
4 . easy Tired
In early pregnancy , you will feel tired easily . It seems you just want to laze around in bed . This happens because the body is adjusting to the presence of a new creature . Peningkatna hormone progesterone is also often associated with the fourth mark . Additionally you can be easily tired because of reduced blood sugar levels and blood pressure .
5 . Nausea ( Morning Sickness )
Nausea is the most common pregnancy symptoms . The nausea was due to an increase in the hormone HCG ( human chorionic gonadotrophin ) . Improved HCG hormone is causing grievous effect on the stomach lining , causing nausea . Usually the nausea will go away as you enter the second trimester of pregnancy . In addition to nausea , you also feel more sensitive to certain smells . Some researchers suspect this phenomenon occurs that pregnant women
not eat haphazardly so easy to protect baby from harmful toxins .
6 . late menstruation
One of the most obvious sign of pregnancy is a missed period . However, not all delay is defined as a pregnancy . You could be the late period due to stress , diet or hormonal disorders . In addition , some women may also experience bleeding or spotting ( raised blood spots ) . Immediately consult a doctor about the problem.
7 . Mood changes
Pregnant women have a volatile mood . It
could have been at one time you feel very happy , but after a while you
are so angry at her husband kontak jodoh stimulation only a trivial matter . No need to worry about this because the normal change of mood . Mood changes due to hormonal changes in your body drastically . If you notice these things later , it happens because the body is adjusting to the new hormone 's presence .
9 . The advent of blood spots or blemishes
The blood spots appear before the menstrual period to come , usually occurs between 8-10 days after ovulation . The blood spots caused by implantation ( implantation bleeding) or the attachment of the embryo to the uterine wall . The advent of blood spotting during pregnancy sometimes mistaken for menstruation .
10 . Stomach cramps
In addition , the discharge of blood spots is usually followed by abdominal cramps . Stomach cramps on the condition of pregnancy will occur on a regular basis . And conditions of the stomach cramps , will continue until the second
trimester of pregnancy , until the uterus lies at the center position
and is supported by the pelvis .
11 . Dizziness and headache ( Headaches )
and headache disorder that is often experienced by pregnant women
caused by physical factors ; fatigue , nausea , hunger and blood
pressure , low . While that is the cause of the emotional feelings of tension and depression . In addition to the increased supply of blood throughout the body can also cause dizziness when she changed positions .
12 . constipation
Constipation occurs due to an increase in the hormone progesterone . This
hormone in addition to relax the muscles of the uterus , also resulted
in the loosening of the muscles of the intestinal wall , causing
constipation or difficult bowel movements . But the advantage of this situation is to allow peyerapan better nutrition during pregnancy .
13 . Often spit ( hypersalivation )
Signs of pregnancy is due to the influence of estrogen hormone changes , usually occurs in the first trimester of pregnancy . This condition usually disappears after the second trimester of pregnancy
14 . The rise in basal body temperature
If pregnancy or ovulation , the basal body temperature will rise mother . These conditions will persist during the pregnancy . This condition will not go down to the condition prior to the occurrence of ovulation .
15 . backache
Normally , you do not have problems with back pain . But now, the lower back pain . If you're pregnant , this disorder will persist until delivery later .
16 . Or reject certain food cravings
For no apparent reason , suddenly you really want a particular food , which previously may not be your favorite food . Or conversely , you suddenly can not stand the food that had been so immersive .
17 . Sensitive to smell
You can not stand the smell of all kinds , especially the aroma of certain foods . So do not sweat it , certain odors can make your nausea and vomiting !
18 . symptoms of PMS
You feel the same PMS symptoms as you do every month . Abdominal bloating , back pain , breast pain , and even an increased appetite . But , why not menstruation too , huh ?
19 . Positive pregnancy test
Test results indicate a positive sign test pack !Afatogel.com Bandar Terbesar Situs Togel Online Terpercaya Does that mean you really pregnant ? Not necessarily ! You will only get an accurate answer , after going to the doctor to perform an ultrasound examination .
20 . There is a growing fetus in your womb
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Within the context of a national drive to improve literacy and numeracy learning, the Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations (DEEWR) is looking at the possibility of developing a set of literacy and numeracy diagnostic tools for use in Australian schools. This scoping study—a relatively small scale piece of work designed as a first step from which DEEWR might move forward—is not a direct study of ‘what works to improve literacy and numeracy’. Its focus is on the identification and evaluation of the print and on-line literacy and numeracy diagnostic tools used currently in Australian schools. Particular attention is given to tools developed for the early years of schooling; those developed specifically for the transition years from primary school to secondary school and for Year 9; and those that address the needs of students who are educationally disadvantaged. The study brief specifies a range of short term, medium term and long term objectives.
Forster, Margaret (August 2009). Literacy and numeracy diagnostic tools : an evaluation. Canberra : Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations (DEEWR) | <urn:uuid:d26267d7-4fd4-4b5f-af57-50ad849b4c26> | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | https://research.acer.edu.au/monitoring_learning/18/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510994.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20231002100910-20231002130910-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.92505 | 237 | 3.03125 | 3 |
The International Baccalaureate launches an intercultural dance curriculum for high school students.
Dance students at Newark Academy tested the IB’s pilot dance curriculum.
Of course, dancers use their feet. But can you imagine movement that only uses the feet? What about an entire dance where the performers only use their hands? How do the hands and feet instigate larger movements? These are the kinds of questions guiding the structured improvisations of dance students at Newark Academy, a private middle and high school in Livingston, New Jersey, and one of 1,300 schools across the country certified to participate in one of the International Baccalaureate’s (IB) programs.
“The IB curriculum encourages students to be risk-takers and to embrace other cultures, by developing a world view outside of themselves and beyond their dance background before they came to Newark Academy,” says Yvette Luxenberg, the school’s dance director. In the improv exercise, for example, some students use hand movements that draw from their study of bharata natyam, a style of classical Indian dance. “Picking a theme such as ‘hands and feet’ for a structured improvisation forces the students out of their comfort zones and teaches them that dance is more than just doing lots of pirouettes or getting your leg by your ear,” she says.
Under Luxenberg’s direction, dance students at Newark Academy have been part of a pilot program for the last three years, testing the IB’s new dance curriculum before its official launch next month. The dance program will complement the IB’s overall goals: to produce critical thinkers and promote understanding and respect for difference.
Founded in 1968, the IB is a nonprofit organization that prepares students for life in a rapidly globalizing world by using a rigorous, intercultural curriculum. The IB currently partners with 3,264 schools in 141 countries, each of which has undergone an extensive application and certification process. An IB school can choose to follow any or all of the organization’s three academic programs, including the two-year Diploma Programme for students ages 16–19, which is designed to prepare students for success in college.
The Diploma Programme has long included music, theater and visual arts, grouped together as one of six academic subject areas that comprise a student’s overall education. In 1999, following requests from numerous IB schools to add dance, the organization assembled an international team of half a dozen experts (including Sharon Friedler of Swarthmore College, Ze’eva Cohen of Princeton University and Grant Strate, formerly of Simon Fraser University) to begin planning a curriculum. “We started with an empty sheet of paper and asked, ‘What would be a satisfying dance course from an international perspective?’” says Caroline Harman, acting curriculum area head for the arts division. “We did not want a hierarchical perspective. We wanted to be clear that dance is dance across the world.”
The resulting three-pronged curriculum includes performance, world dance studies and composition and analysis. Over the course of the two-year program, students must perform in one to three pieces choreographed either by their dance teacher or a guest artist. They also have to create two to three dances themselves. Finally, the students complete a research project comparing two different dance cultures—one they are familiar with and one new to them—which culminates in a 1,500- or 2,500-word written report. The IB encourages teachers to support the students’ research with master classes, interviews with practitioners from diverse dance cultures or field trips to concerts, workshops and festivals. “Understanding that dance is an academic subject that involves scholarly work and has questions and answers really opens the students up,” Luxenberg says. “They realize that, in the same way that you study math or science, you can study dance.”
Dance teachers assess their students’ dance performances using IB rubrics. The evaluations are then checked by external IB examiners, who also review the performances by DVD and grade the essays, which ensures fair and accurate evaluations across a variety of cultural contexts.
Recognizing that different dance cultures will have different needs, the IB leaves decisions regarding dance teacher certification requirements up to individual schools. However, Luxenberg, who has a BA in dance and Spanish from Wesleyan University and an MFA in dance from Hollins/ADF, says teachers will feel most comfortable with the curriculum if they have a strong technical base in a few styles, experience with research and a good foundation in composition. “Teachers find it challenging and rewarding in equal measure,” says Sharon Friedler, director of Swarthmore College’s dance program and the IB’s chief examiner for dance. To help, the IB maintains an online curriculum center where participating teachers can share dialogue, ask questions and provide feedback on their programs. “It requires a great deal of imagination in order to open your students’ eyes to a wide range of dance styles.”
Participation also requires a sizable amount of organizational work. “It’s my responsibility to guide students through the program, to remind them of the particular requirements and to make sure they’ve completed the right amount of choreographic material,” Luxenberg says. “I make a DVD for each student and post numerous notices on the bulletin board.” But these efforts provide rewards for both the students and the teachers. Luxenberg says she can use the videotaped performances to show her dancers what the examiners are looking for. And when they complete the program, the students get DVD copies of their work. “At the end of the two years, they have this wonderful gift of all the work they’ve done,” Luxenberg says.
Friedler expects that interest in the dance program will grow exponentially as teachers and students realize the benefits of the IB curriculum. “Students learn to respect and also to be in awe of the number of dance cultures there are in the world,” Harman says. “The IB dance curriculum offers a way for them to think through their body and to link their body with their mind and spirit.” DT
Darrah Carr is a New York–based choreographer, educator and writer, active in both the Irish and modern dance communities.
Photoby Alex Cena, courtesy Yvette Luxenberg | <urn:uuid:1da0e7c4-4c73-43b5-8078-da342bcd645b> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://dance-teacher.com/a-global-approach/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100232.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20231130193829-20231130223829-00101.warc.gz | en | 0.947517 | 1,329 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Largemouth Bass Aquaculture is an important resource for those working in aquaculture, including fish farm operatives and managers, veterinarians and fish health managers, inspectors and consultants. Personnel within companies supplying the aquaculture industry with feed, technical equipment and pharmaceuticals will find a wealth of useful information within this book. Libraries in all universities and establishments teaching and researching aquaculture, fish biology, ichthyology, fisheries, aquatic sciences and veterinary studies should have copies of this comprehensive book on their shelves.
Understanding Aquaculture includes contents and case studies drawn from throughout the world, making it international in scope. It will fulfill the public demand for information about aquaculture product while also being a valuable resource for students and personnel working across all sectors of the aquaculture industry.
Intensive tilapia co-culture is the commercial production of various species of tilapia in conjunction with one or more other marketable species. Tilapia are attractive as a co-cultured fish because of their potential to improve water quality, especially in penaeid shrimp ponds, by consuming plankton and detritus and by altering pathogenic bacterial populations while increasing marketable production.
Editors: Peter W. Perschbacher and Robert R. Stickney
ISBN: 978-1-118-97066-9 368 pages February 2017, Wiley-Blackwell | <urn:uuid:0e70e5a7-5ae1-4f17-b665-5cd9f913f654> | CC-MAIN-2021-43 | https://was.org/Shopping/new-products | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585290.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20211019233130-20211020023130-00120.warc.gz | en | 0.913465 | 281 | 2.96875 | 3 |
A colonoscopy, the procedure in which a doctor looks for dangerous growths in the large intestine, may not be as great a protection from death from colorectal cancer as once thought, according to a new study.
In fact, a colonoscopy was associated with "essentially no reduction" in the risk of dying of cancer if the lesion that caused the disease was located in the right side of the colon, the part that plays a major role in absorbing water and electrolytes during digestion, according to the study.
Not a perfect test
"The study shows that colonoscopy is not a perfect test for preventing death from colon cancer. It supports recommendations to do colonoscopy to screen for colon cancer, but it also raises concerns that colonoscopy may be less effective for cancers arising in the right colon," a summary of the study said.
The study was published on the website of the journal Annals of Internal Medicine.
Colonoscopy is the most effective, but also the most costly and risky means of screening for potentially cancerous growths in the large intestine, which is why researchers undertook the study. It sought to determine whether having a colonoscopy in fact reduced the risk of death from colon cancer.
How the study was conducted
For the study, the researchers looked at the health records of more than 10 000 people in Canada who were diagnosed with and died of colon cancer between 1996 and 2003, and the records of around five times as many people who had not died of colon cancer during the same period.
The researchers measured how often each patient had had a colonoscopy and then compared the chance of dying of colon cancer after having the procedure with the chance of dying of the illness if no colonoscopy had been done.
The calculations were also done separately for cancers in the left and right colon.
What they found was a "large mortality reduction" for cancers on the left side of the colon, but essentially no reduction in deaths for lesions on the right side.
60-70% risk reduction
"The study should caution physicians about saying that colonoscopy will reduce the risk of dying from colorectal cancer by 90 percent. A 60- to 70-percent risk reduction rate seems more reasonable," said David Ransohoff, a medical doctor and professor of medicine at the University of North Carolina.
Among possible reasons why colonoscopy is less effective in detecting right-side cancers, the researchers hypothesized that polyps and cancers in the right and left sides of the colon may differ biologically, that right-sided polyps could be harder to detect, or that the right side of the colon might not be completely examined during a colonoscopy.
Most cancers of the colon begin as small, slow-developing growths called polyps.
The purpose of colon cancer screening is to detect and remove growths before they spread.
Colonoscopy: should you go? | <urn:uuid:f250aac7-3b57-422c-a8e4-b9e043e18f58> | CC-MAIN-2016-50 | http://www.health24.com/Medical/Cancer/News/Colonoscopy-not-a-perfect-test-20120721 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-50/segments/1480698542217.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20161202170902-00004-ip-10-31-129-80.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976455 | 600 | 3.015625 | 3 |
A laptop has indeed become a necessity for students most especially among engineering and architecture students. Because of the intensive applications used in engineering subjects, laptops should exceed minimum requirements to be able to adhere to the many demands of the course.
In most advanced colleges and universities, a laptop is a requirement before enrolling in courses in engineering and architecture. Although the choice of brands or specifications is not spelled out, it is the responsibility of the student to look for these coding laptops that will exceed the minimum requirements of the course. With these, the student should look for the following.
The performance of a laptop generally depends on the processor and the amount of RAM. A laptop with intel core of i7 and 16GB can assure you of a powerful laptop that can handle any software including CAD and other advanced applications.
An ideal laptop should be able to handle all the multi-tasks thrown into it. With a storage capacity of 256GB SSD, you may be able to install other than the apps you need in school. You can play computer games or listen to your favorite music or watch movies during your free time.
Always check the durability of the laptop. A laptop that is sensitive to wear and tear is not suitable for a busy student. A durable laptop that can withstand physical stress accorded to it is ideal for a busy engineering student. A defective laptop will surely stress you out of your concentration and will deplete your allowance for repairs.
Check on the ports if they are all present and look for unique and advantageous features like soft and comfortable keyboard, sensitive and responsive touchpad and a quality speaker.
Laptops vary with the diameter of their screens. You may choose which you are comfortable with although the more important criterion here is the brightness and accuracy of colors. Some may have more vivid and accurate colors while others have dull and subdued brightness.
The design of laptops is the visual attribute that make it stand out from the rest. A 360-degree hinge may be suitable for a student who spends long hours studying his lessons. From a laptop mode, he can also view from tent mode to tablet mode. A touch screen may have some advantages, especially in drawing subjects.
Aside from textbooks and other devices carried by engineering students almost every day to their classes, a laptop can surely add more to the weight. A powerful laptop with less weight may be the ideal device for a student.
There are various thin and lightweight coding laptops for engineering students. For the best out there, the student can browse on the internet for independent laptop evaluations, or he should seek advice from senior students.… | <urn:uuid:4f7edc2d-3d11-4b21-b1c7-58edcb56f1b0> | CC-MAIN-2019-39 | http://www.lomaxcreations.com/category/laptops/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514573444.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20190919060532-20190919082532-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.943824 | 522 | 2.515625 | 3 |
The stories told in Bereishit chapters 21 and 22 – the sending away of Ishmael and the binding of Isaac – are among the hardest to understand in the whole of Tanakh. Both involve actions that strike us as almost unbearably harsh. But the difficulties they present go deeper even than that.
Recall that Abraham was chosen “so that he would instruct his children and his household after him to keep the way of the Lord by doing what is right and just.” He was chosen to be a father. The first two letters of his name, Av, mean just that. Avram means “a mighty father.” Avraham, says the Torah, means “a father of many nations.”
Abraham was chosen to be a parental role model. But how can a man who banished his son Ishmael, sending him off with his mother Hagar into the desert, where they nearly died, be thought of as an exemplary father? And how could a man who was willing to sacrifice his son Isaac be a model for future generations?
These are not questions about Abraham. They are questions about the will of God. For it was not Abraham who wanted to send Ishmael away. To the contrary, it “distressed Abraham greatly,” because Ishmael was his son (Gen. 21:11). It was God who told him to listen to Sarah and send the child away.
Nor was it Abraham who wanted to sacrifice Isaac. It was God who told him to do so, referring to Isaac as “your son, your only one, the one you love” (Gen. 22:2). Abraham was acting on both occasions against his emotions, his paternal instincts. What is the Torah telling us about the nature of fatherhood? It seems very difficult indeed to draw a positive message from these events.
There is an even deeper problem, and it is hinted at in the words God spoke to Abraham in summoning him to the binding of his son: “Take your son, your only son, the one you love—Isaac—and go [lekh lekha] to the region of Moriah. Sacrifice him there as a burnt offering on a mountain I will show you.” These words inevitably remind us of God’s first summons: “Go forth [lekh lekha] from your land, your birthplace and your father’s house” (Gen. 12:1). These are the only two places in which this phrase occurs in the Torah. Abraham’s last trial echoed his first.
But note that the first trial meant that Abraham had to abandon his father, thereby looking as if he were neglecting his duties as a son. So, whether as a father to his sons or as a son to his father, Abraham was commanded to act in ways that seem the exact opposite of what we would expect and how we should behave.
This is too strange to be accidental. There is a mystery here to be decoded.
The barrier to our understanding of these events lies in the sheer abyss of time between then and now. Abraham, as the pioneer of a new kind of faith and way of life, was instituting a new form of relationship between the generations. Essentially, what we are seeing in these events is the birth of the individual.
In ancient times, and in antiquity in Greece and Rome, the basic social unit was not the individual but the family. Religious rituals were performed around the fire in the family hearth, with the father serving as priest, offering sacrifices, libations and incantations to the spirits of dead ancestors. The power of the father was absolute. Wives and children had no rights and no independent legal personalities. They were mere property and could be killed by the head of the household at will. Each family had its own gods, and the father was the sole intermediary with the ancestral spirits, whom he would one day join. There were no individuals in the modern sense. There were only families, under the absolute rule of its male head.
The Torah was a radical break with this entire mindset. The anthropologist Mary Douglas points out that the Torah was unique in the ancient world in making no provision for sacrifices to dead ancestors, and forbidding the attempt to communicate with the spirits of the dead.
Monotheism was more than simply the belief in one God. Because each human was in His image, and because each could be in direct relationship with Him, the individual was suddenly given significance – not just fathers but also mothers, and not just parents but also children. No longer were they fused into a single unit, with a single controlling will. They were each to become persons in their own right, with their own identity and integrity.
Such changes do not happen overnight, and they do not happen without wrenching dislocations. That is what is happening at both ends of the Abraham story. At the beginning of his mission, Abraham was told to separate himself from his father, and towards the end he was told to separate himself, in different ways, from each of his two sons. These painful episodes represent the agonising birth-pangs of a new way of thinking about humanity.
First separate, then connect. That seems to be the Jewish way. That is how God created the universe, by first separating domains – day and night, upper and lower waters, sea and dry land – then allowing them to be filled. And that is how we create real personal relationships. By separating and leaving space for the other. Parents should not seek to control children. Spouses should not seek to control one another. It is the carefully calibrated distance between us in which relationship allows each party to grow.
In his recent book on sporting heroes, The Greatest, Matthew Syed notes how important the encouragement of parents is to the making of champions, but he adds:
Letting go – that is the essential paradox of parenthood. You care, you nurture, you sacrifice, and then you watch as the little ones fly into the great unknown, often shouting recriminations as they depart. You will experience the stomach clenching pain of separation, but you do so with a smile and a hug, aware that the desire to protect and love must never morph into the tyranny of mollycoddling.
It is this drama of separation that Abraham symbolically enacts in his relationship both to his father and to his two sons. In this world-transforming moment of the birth of the individual, God is teaching him the delicate art of making space, without which no true individuality can grow.
In the lovely words of Irish poet John O’Donohue our challenge is: “To bless the space between us.”
See Rashi to Gen. 11:32.
Mary Douglas, Leviticus as Literature, Oxford University Press, 1999.
See Peter Berger, The Sacred Canopy, Doubleday, 1967, 117 where he speaks of “the highly individuated men” (and women) who “populate the pages of the Old Testament to a degree unique in ancient religious literature.”
Matthew Syed, The Greatest: the quest for sporting perfection, London, John Murray, 2017, 9.
John O’Donohue, To Bless the Space Between Us, Doubleday, 2008.
LIFE-CHANGING IDEA #4
- First separate, then connect; it is the carefully calibrated distance that allows us to grow as individuals and create stronger relationships together. | <urn:uuid:014d78ab-9ba8-48d8-a663-9b33f7325a25> | CC-MAIN-2021-25 | https://rabbisacks.org/space-us-vayera-5778/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623487648373.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20210619142022-20210619172022-00327.warc.gz | en | 0.979575 | 1,552 | 3.234375 | 3 |
Each ZIP file contains all seven PDF titles in the grade-level series
Students who don’t read much over the summer show a decline in reading performance from the end of one grade to the start of the next. Research done at Harvard University by James Kim shows that even reading 4 or 5 books over the summer helps to prevent the summer slump.
Having books at home explains how much students read over the summer. Unfortunately, the very students who are most at-risk are the ones who often don’t have enough books. SummerReads changes this situation by providing accessible, engaging texts for at-risk readers… for FREE! And it provides enough text for an entire summer of reading.
Research also shows that the texts that at-risk readers will spend time on in out-of-school settings need to be accessible and engaging. SummerReads texts are both:
Accessible: The difficulty of the texts is based on the TExT model developed by Elfrieda (Freddy) Hiebert. The TExT model of reading is the same one that was used to develop QuickReads® and Zip Zoom™. This model uses research to identify the words and phonics knowledge that students need to succeed at particular grade levels. These critical words are repeated often in SummerReads.
Engaging: Topics of SummerReads deal with information about summer activities and themes—the games that children play in the summer, places that they might visit in their communities, weather that usually happens only in summer, and so on.
Leveled Texts There are three levels in the SummerReads program, each aimed at “getting students ready” for a particular grade level in the fall—third, fourth and fifth.
An Abundance of Texts Each of the 7 books at a level has 3 chapters. 7 books x 3 chapters = 21 unique selections, one for each week of summer vacation. These are texts that students won’t have seen during the school year in that they are brand-new and summer-specific!
|SummerReads topics||Level C||Level D||Level E|
|Places to Visit in Summer||Parks||Lakes||Mountains|
|Nature in Summer||Moths||Birds||Extreme Trees|
|Summer Weather||Heat Wave||Thunderstorms||Hurricanes|
|Summer Sports||Bats & Balls||Swimming||Bikes & Boards|
|Summer Fashion||T-Shirts & Shorts||Hats & Caps||Flip-Flops & Fins|
|Summer Fruits||Berries||Melons||Fruit Trees|
|Summer Holidays||July 4th||Labor Day||Memorial Day|
Resources The SummerReads program includes resources for teachers, students and parents:
Click on a cover to hear audio clips and see answers to comprehension questions
SummerReads is in the June/July 2010 issue of Reading Today!
Freddy wrote an article on the importance of summer reading for The Homeschooling Handbook. | <urn:uuid:925d047b-2177-4aae-b89c-497f283c12fc> | CC-MAIN-2020-10 | https://web.archive.org/web/20150710160615/http:/textproject.org/classroom-materials/students/summerreads | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875145767.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20200223093317-20200223123317-00346.warc.gz | en | 0.924571 | 628 | 3.828125 | 4 |
From Education Week
Published June 2, 2016
By Catherine Gewertz
On a winding road in rural New England, students are pushing the boundaries of their power to shape the way they learn and how their school runs.
Unlike most American high schools, student leadership at Harwood Union High School isn’t limited to campaigns for cleaner bathrooms or better cafeteria food. Here, teenagers are deeply involved in shaping the pillars of school life, from the daily class schedule to the styles of teaching and learning that work best for them.
Aided by community groups that have trained them in leadership techniques, young people and adults at Harwood have forged an unusually strong and equal partnership over the past eight years. They developed decision-making processes that put students at the heart of the biggest school decisions. When new teachers are hired, report cards are redesigned, or honors classes are revamped, students are at the table, debating, sharing research, listening, and voting. That work has made this unassuming school in Vermont’s Green Mountains a national model for educators who believe students deserve the right to play a central role in creating their school experience.
“It’s definitely empowering,” said Cole Lavoie, a senior who’s on the school leadership team, working with teachers and administrators to figure out how honors classes should be restructured in the proficiency-based system that Vermont is phasing into its schools.
“Harwood is ahead of the curve because of the number of different ways they’ve institutionalized student voice,” said Catharine Biddle, an assistant professor of educational leadership at the University of Maine, who studied the school’s relationship with Up for Learning, a community group that provides leadership training for its students and staff members. “Involving students as deeply as they have, in as many ways as they have, helps avoid a common mistake of seeing student voice as monolithic: that as long as we get a couple of kids giving us feedback, that’s student involvement.” | <urn:uuid:c7bd652b-7e67-445f-a894-e088d67e81b8> | CC-MAIN-2018-09 | http://www.newenglandssc.org/harwood-union-high-school-takes-student-voice-heart/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891812259.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20180218192636-20180218212636-00049.warc.gz | en | 0.972951 | 420 | 2.78125 | 3 |
What is the virus causing illness in Wuhan?
It is a novel coronavirus – that is to say, a member of the coronavirus family that has never been encountered before. Like other coronaviruses, it has come from animals, or possibly seafood. Many of those infected either worked or frequently shopped in the Huanan seafood wholesale market in the centre of the Chinese city. New and troubling viruses usually originate in animal hosts. Ebola and flu are examples.
What other coronaviruses have there been?
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (Sars) and Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (Mers) are both caused by coronaviruses that came from animals. Although Mers is believed to be transmitted to humans from dromedary camels, the original hosts for both coronaviruses were probably bats. The first cases of Sars were in China in late 2002. The authorities played them down and were subsequently much criticised because the virus spread virtually unchecked to 37 countries, causing global panic, infecting more than 8,000 people and killing more than 750. Mers appears to be less easily passed from human to human, but has greater lethality, killing 35% of about 2,500 people who have been infected.
What are the symptoms caused by the Wuhan coronavirus?
The virus causes pneumonia. Those who have fallen ill are reported to suffer coughs, fever and breathing difficulties. As this is viral pneumonia, antibiotics are of no use. Antiviral drugs may be used, but usually only lessen the severity of symptoms. If people are admitted to hospital, they may get breathing support as well as fluids. Recovery will depend on the strength of their immune system. Those who have died are known to have been already in poor health.
Is the virus being transmitted from one person to another?
Human to human transmission has been confirmed by China’s National Health Commission, although it does not appear to be happening easily as was the case with Sars. As of 21 January the Chinese authorities had acknowledged 291 cases and six deaths. Modelling carried out by Imperial College experts has suggested there may be more than 1,700 cases. Those that are mild may not be detected at all.
How worried are the experts?
There are fears that the coronavirus may spread more widely and person to person during the week-long Chinese new year holidays, which start on 24 January, when millions of people travel home to celebrate. At the moment, it appears that people in poor health are at greatest risk, as is always the case with flu. But the authorities will be keen to stop the spread and anxious that the virus will become more potent than so far appears. | <urn:uuid:3bf3407b-448f-4000-82ec-ab113b28b61f> | CC-MAIN-2020-10 | https://newsvire.com/should-the-world-be-worried-about-the-coronavirus-in-china/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875145443.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20200221045555-20200221075555-00543.warc.gz | en | 0.981225 | 555 | 2.953125 | 3 |
Life on a remote island in the South Pacific brims with quirky surprises. We learn to expect most anything.
While driving to town, the random pig will dash in front of the car, causing us to slam on brakes. Sometimes, it’s a dozen pigs, or a pair of dogs, or a clutch of chickens; or a child, who seems to delight in the cheap thrill of racing across the road and living to laugh about it.
I live in Nuku‘alofa on the island of Tongatapu in the Kingdom of Tonga, which is 1,240 miles (1,997 kilometers) northeast of Auckland, New Zealand. A few days ago, a white Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus nivosus) found the Tropical Milkweed (Asclepias curassavica) in my yard and began laying eggs.
I thought her wings were just old, worn, and faded, as butterflies can get as they age. But, on closer inspection, I realized that she was actually white in the places where she should have been orange. We have Monarch butterflies here in Tonga (read more here), but this is the first white Monarch that I’ve observed anywhere.
According to Monarch Watch, white Monarchs have been found throughout the world, including in Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia, the Hawai‘ian islands and on the mainland of the United States. Generally, white Monarchs are extremely rare with only a few being reported each year. The exception is in Hawai‘i where it is believed that as much as 10% of the population of Monarchs is white.
Monarchs are preyed upon by birds called Red-Vented Bulbuls (Pycnonotus cafer), which are quite abundant here on our island, as well as in Hawai‘i. Red-vented Bulbuls come from Southeast Asia and are relative newcomers to the islands of Polynesia.
Scientists suggest that predation is lower for white Monarchs and raise the possibility that the white form is more cryptic (harder to see) for the Bulbuls than the orange form. Consequently, they eat more regular, orange-form Monarchs than white-form specimens, increasing the relative frequency of the latter in places where both white-form Monarchs and Bulbuls range.
As I attempted to get a photo of the white Monarch, a huge Wasp (Hymenoptera apocrita spp.) was flying around which made me nervous, and an aggressive male Blue Moon butterfly (Hypolimnas bolina) kept chasing her away as he displayed his natural territorial tendencies. I realized it was going to be impossible to get a good photograph. So I caught her with my butterfly net and placed her inside a pop-up cage with some Milkweed (Asclepias spp.).
After an overnight stay for observation, I released the white Monarch the next morning. She left me many eggs on the Milkweed in the cage, even laying on the screen, so I thanked her and set her free.
To my surprise and delight, she lingered all day in the garden and continued to come back, time and again, to nectar on the flowers and deposit eggs on the outside Milkweed. I sat on the porch and enjoyed watching her glide gracefully through the air as she flew back and forth in my yard.
Some cultures believe that a white butterfly brings good fortune. I don’t know about any fortune. However, the visit of this beautiful white Monarch brought me great joy and surprise. For that, I’m rich. | <urn:uuid:4908eac1-feab-446f-9101-62d18985744e> | CC-MAIN-2019-43 | http://butterfly-lady.com/tag/white-form-monarch/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570987838289.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20191024012613-20191024040113-00326.warc.gz | en | 0.961704 | 750 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Facing Future– Sep 9, 2021
The 2021 Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change, #IPCC, report marks an alarming turning point, but its summary message for policy makers misses the reality that stabilizing at 1.5-2°C over pre- industrial levels will fail to preserve a livable environment.
Already, at under 1.2°C, extreme weather and climate tipping points have been reached. The #CarbonSinks that supported a carbon budget are already stressed to the limit. The Amazon, once a major sink, is now a net emitter of greenhouse gases, due to rainforest destruction for animal and industrial agriculture and wildfires. The Arctic is melting fast, releasing methane from peat bogs, tundra, and from under the disappearing ice, whose ability to reflect heat, is also essential.
Even as industrial and fossil fuel interests control political and financial agendas, food security may be the decisive threat that makes policy-makers listen. As people become increasingly aware of the devastation around them, surveys show that a large percentage of the world’s population is now in support of the major changes that are necessary to survive the existential threat of climate change.
Code Red is the highest level of alert, but we are almost out of time to heed it and to reduce human-produced emissions sufficiently to slow down the rising concentration of greenhouse gases, and to preserve the Earth’s essential carbon sinks. Peter Carter, Brian Wright, and Mark Anderson reveal that the IPCC report needs to send a clearer and even more urgent message. | <urn:uuid:af824332-08e5-4828-9bbe-75a293a35c9a> | CC-MAIN-2021-39 | https://environmentaljusticetv.wordpress.com/2021/09/10/code-red-ipcc-climate-report/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780060538.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20210928062408-20210928092408-00331.warc.gz | en | 0.915788 | 316 | 3.046875 | 3 |
This is a recording of the electrical activity of the brain. It is also known as an EEG.
There is constant electrical activity going on in the brain. An electroencephalogram, or EEG, is a recording of this electrical activity.
During an EEG, electrical activity is measured by a machine.
An EEG may be done in a doctor's office, EEG lab or hospital. Your healthcare provider may want an EEG done while you are awake and asleep. If you need to sleep during the test, you may be told to limit your sleep the night before.
What should I ask my healthcare provider before having this test?
After your EEG, you should understand home care instructions (including medications and side effects), follow-up plans and symptoms to report to your healthcare provider.
ProcedureRates.com helps consumers determine the average cost of common medical procedures in their location. By gathering and analyzing data from leading insurance providers across the US, patients can compare the estimated price of common medical procedures to determine their approximate out-of-pocket expenses. All rates are approximations and not guarantees based on data that is available to the consumer. There are currently 638 procedures available in our database. These results and the information contained within should in no way take the place of actual medical advice. | <urn:uuid:26897927-41e5-40e0-b4ab-dcab6551e17f> | CC-MAIN-2020-45 | https://procedurerates.com/details/EK002 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-45/segments/1603107874135.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20201020192039-20201020222039-00163.warc.gz | en | 0.944191 | 265 | 2.734375 | 3 |
THE release to The Chronicle of a photo of a feral cat on Fraser Island has sent conservations into a spin and the Department of Environment and Resources into damage control mode to try to develop a strategy to contain the cats.
DERM officers originally heard reports from rangers and skilled bushmen working on the island that there were populations of wild cats loose, and that these were possibly breeding.
A professional tracker trailing and trapping dingoes as part of a DERM collaring and satellite tracking program flagged the presence of wild cats in an official report recently after coming across scats and footprints in sand patches.
This contractor, highly regarded by the DERM administrators dealing with environmental issues touching the island, has been given added weight now that photographic evidence has come to light.
“Feral cats are recognised as a significant threat to native wildlife throughout Australia especially animals in the smaller size range such as small macropods, bandicoots, rats, mice, small reptiles and birds,” said Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service regional manager Great Sandy Ross Belcher.
“Past surveys by QPWS of the island’s small animal populations have not indicated any significant effect on their numbers which could be attributed to feral cats.
“We will be undertaking similar surveys this year to provide further information on the populations of potential prey species.
“Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service are currently considering the best way to get a measure of the feral cat population.”
Mr Belcher said people kept cats on the island before most of it was declared a national park and, as has happened in the rest of Australia, these animals could have escaped or been left behind.
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Update your news preferences and get the latest news delivered to your inbox. | <urn:uuid:9923afa2-b9f3-418d-b98e-9710f83e32fa> | CC-MAIN-2016-22 | http://www.frasercoastchronicle.com.au/news/plan-in-motion-feral-cats-fraser-island/910732/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-22/segments/1464049270527.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20160524002110-00241-ip-10-185-217-139.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952162 | 372 | 3.21875 | 3 |
Our planet could be self-sufficient.
30 JAN 2017
Life on Earth depends on the existence of water, but despite it covering some 70 percent of the planet's surface, scientists have never really been sure where it all comes from.
While the popular view has been that icy asteroids or comets could have brought water to Earth billions of years ago in an epic collision that filled the planet's oceans, a new study shows Earth's inner regions had the necessary ingredients to make water all along, hidden deep underground.
According to new computer simulations, chemical reactions taking place in Earth's upper mantle – which lies directly under the planet's crust – could produce water from scratch under the right (read: extreme) conditions.
"This is one way water can form on Earth," physicist John Tse from the University of Saskatchewan in Canada told New Scientist.
"We show it's possible to have water forming in Earth's natural environment, rather than being of extraterrestrial origin."
The reason this is possible is because of quartz, a common form of silica (aka silicon dioxide), which is widely abundant in Earth's crust and mantle.
Quartz is actually very stable, but in the upper mantle – which extends from Earth's crust down to a depth of about 410 km (250 miles) – enough heat and pressure can cajole the material to chemically react.
Specifically, the simulations show that once you venture deep enough into the upper mantle to reach a temperature of 1,400 degrees Celsius (2,552 degrees Fahrenheit) and a pressure 20,000 times greater than atmospheric pressure, quartz reacts with liquid hydrogen to produce silicon hydride and… liquid water.
"As long as the supply of hydrogen can be sustained, one can speculate that water formed from this process could be a contributor to the origin of water during Earth's early accretion," Tse told Andy Coghlan at New Scientist.
While a team of scientists in Japan ran lab experiments on this process back in 2014, Tse's team came up with some surprising findings of their own.
When they simulated the reaction, the liquid water didn't form in the way the scientists expected – being produced within the quartz crystals, not on their surface, as had been anticipated.
"We set up a computer simulation very close to [the Japanese] experimental conditions and simulated the trajectory of the reaction," said Tse.
"The hydrogen fluid diffuses through the quartz layer, but ends up forming water not at the surface, but in the bulk of the mineral. We analysed the density and structure of the trapped water, and found that it is highly pressurised."
Because it can't escape from the quartz once formed, the confined water – which the team estimates is under as much as 200,000 atmospheres of pressure – could bring about violent, unexpected seismic activity underground.
"We observed the water to be at high pressure, which might lead to the possibility of induced earthquakes," said Tse.
"However, further research is needed to quantify the amount of released water needed for triggering deep earthquakes."
While the reaction-based earthquakes remain a hypothesis for now, the findings could provide a new lead for geologists looking to explain powerful tremors that don't fit the regular mould – and help us understand more about movement within the mantle.
Earthquakes taking place deep within the lithosphere – the layer of Earth comprising both the crust and the upper mantle – have puzzled geologists in the past, and the quartz reaction could help explain some of those tremors.
"The formation and release of overpressured water may be a significant trigger in the deep lithosphere for ultra-deep earthquakes, sometimes located well below the crust and in the more rigid parts of deep continental plates," says executive director of the British Geological Survey, John Ludden, who wasn't involved in the study.
But while the researchers claim that their findings "have implications for fundamental geoscience questions [on] the origin of water on Earth", until we know more about the volume of water these quartz reactions actually produce, it may well be a very small amount, says Ludden.
So that means, for now, the ice comets hypothesis remains the most likely explanation for life as we know it on Planet Earth – until future research can give us a clearer answer on this ongoing mystery.
"I think it's reasonable to assume that much of the water came in this way," Ludden said.
The findings are reported in Earth and Planetary Science Letters. | <urn:uuid:e0f46c64-23d3-423b-948f-dc350f2ea5fa> | CC-MAIN-2018-26 | https://globalwarming-arclein.blogspot.com/2017/02/who-needs-asteroids-earth-makes-its-own.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267863109.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20180619173519-20180619193519-00560.warc.gz | en | 0.957469 | 919 | 4.28125 | 4 |
Prepositions of place (lesson 1)
Prepositions of place (like all prepositions) can be one of the hardest parts of English to use correctly because the rules are often quite difficult and there are lots of exceptions.
In this lesson, we are looking at the following prepositions of place:
Here are some example sentences using prepositions of place:
- There is a fly on the table!
- She lives in France.
- John is at school right now.
Here are a few rules that will help you use prepositions of place correctly:
Prepositions of place rule #1:
We generally use at to talk about a point or position.
at the window – She sat at the window, waiting for him to arrive.
at the door – There is someone at the door.
at the end – There is a shop at the end of the street.
at the beginning – We met him at the beginning of the night.
Prepositions of place rule #2:
We generally use in to talk about when something that has three sides or is enclosed.
in a box – There are some pens in that box over there.
in the house – She is in the house, go in!
in New Zealand – I live in New Zealand.
in a tent – We will be sleeping in a tent all weekend.
Prepositions of place rule #3:
We generally use on to talk about a surface or position on a line.
on the floor – The dog was asleep on the floor.
on the ceiling – There is a beautiful mural on the ceiling.
on the screen – He couldn’t see clearly because there was dust on his computer screen.
on the page – All the information you need is on page 42.
Example exceptions to prepositions of place rules
Here are some common phrases in English that use prepositions of place but that don’t really fit any rule:
We say on a bus but in a taxi
We say in the armchair but on the settee (sofa)
We say on the left but in the middle
Click here to try the prepositions of place exercises. | <urn:uuid:dd197138-6f9a-4976-8def-588c9961dd91> | CC-MAIN-2017-17 | http://ieltsforfree.com/prepositions-of-place-1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917121893.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031201-00506-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947099 | 464 | 3.875 | 4 |
“That’s all she wrote” is an American phrase used to say that there is nothing else to say about a subject.
And where did it come from? Well, some say it’s the product of some unfortunate soldier in WWII. The tale goes like this: A soldier eagerly opens a letter from his sweetheart. He starts reading to his buddies: “Dear John.” They tell him to go on. “That’s it; that’s all she wrote.” The poor serviceman knows he just got dumped.
It’s an entertaining tale, and plausible enough. The “Dear John” phrase started being used around WWII, and a number of newspapers reference the letters. Some people credit Franklin Roosevelt with originating the phrase, though that’s probably only because he wrote a lot of letters to people named John.
Concrete written records of “that’s all she wrote” start appearing in 1942; one of the first references from the St. Petersburg Times said: “The things that brought tears to their eyes included…the downcast GI about whom another told them ‘He just got a Dear John letter.’”
The source might also have come from a song by the popular singers Aubry Gass and Tex Ritter which had the line “And that’s all she wrote, Dear John”. And the musician Ernest Tubb sang the country song “That’s All She Wrote” with the lyrics: “I got a letter from my mama, just a line or two / She said listen daddy your good girl’s leavin’ you / That’s all she wrote – didn’t write no more / She’d left the gloom a hanging round my front door.”
It’s perhaps not the most cheerful of phrase origins; but the original WWII tale made the phrase stick around to this day. | <urn:uuid:70d86b66-fa52-4b24-9006-87668506f1c4> | CC-MAIN-2018-43 | https://pastandpresent.com/2014/07/18/thats-all-she-wrote/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583515564.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20181023002817-20181023024317-00140.warc.gz | en | 0.968304 | 416 | 2.828125 | 3 |
|26th Vice-President of the United States|
|Term of office|
March 4, 1905 - March 4, 1909
|Preceded by||Theodore Roosevelt|
|Succeeded by||James S. Sherman|
|Born|| May 11, 1852 |
Unionville Center, Ohio
|Died|| June 4, 1918 |
|Spouse||Cornelia Cole Fairbanks|
Charles Fairbanks (1852 - 1918) was Theodore Roosevelt's Vice President from 1905 AD to 1909 AD. Fairbanks, Alaska is named in his honor. Before becoming Vice-President Fairbanks was a Senator from Indiana from 1897-1905
Charles Fairbanks, the son of Loriston Fairbanks and Mary Adelaide Smith, was born in a modest log cabin in Ohio. Loriston Fairbanks was a farmers and a wagon maker who was active member of the Union County, Ohio Agricultural Board, but were considered relatively well off in comparison to their region.
The young Charles Fairbanks attended college at Ohio Wesleyan, graduating eighth in a class of forty four. He went on to receive a law degree from Cleveland Law School, taking only six months to complete all of his courses and pass the bar.
In 1904, now Senator Fairbanks, a close friend to assassinated President McKinley had aspirations for the Presidency and thought the easiest route to fulfilling them would be to serve as then President Roosevelt's Vice President. As such, his supporters made sure to nominate him for the position and were successful.
In 1908, after Roosevelt announced his retirement but decided to hand pick his successor. Roosevelt, held Fairbanks in disdain, often mentioning his choices for successor in front of him, while leaving his name out. Roosevelt initially favored Secretary of State Elihu Root. However, Root's age and background in corporate law did not work in his favor, causing Roosevelt to support his friend and Secretary of War William Howard Taft. Nonetheless, support for Charles Fairbanks remained widespread and far surpassed that of another contender, Charles Evans Hughes, who would win nomination 8 years later.
After leaving office in 1909, Fairbanks returned to Indiana, where he remained only marginally involved in politics. In 1916, his name was put forward again for nomination. This time Charles Evans Hughes was nominated, but Fairbanks was nominated for Vice President on the first ballot, despite his clear request not to be nominated for same. Throughout the campaign of 1916 Charles Evans Hughes and Fairbanks campaigned for a return to the protective tariffs lifted by Wilson. The ticket lost narrowly, but many credit Fairbanks with having kept Indiana in the Republican column.
In the couple of years that followed, Fairbanks remained active in the causes of conservation and actively supported the Liberty Loans campaign for the military. He also made several visits to army bases to encourage the troops. Fairbanks passed away on June 14, 1918 in Indianapolis, Indiana.
- Senate History
- [Herbert J. Rissler, "Charles Warren Fairbanks: Conservative Hoosier," (Ph.D. dissertation, Indiana University, 1961), p. 5-27]
- Senate History
- [ibid. Rissler, pp. 265-66] | <urn:uuid:ff1c8274-b1aa-4ef3-b24e-fce7858d10f2> | CC-MAIN-2017-22 | http://www.conservapedia.com/Charles_W._Fairbanks | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-22/segments/1495463609061.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170527210417-20170527230417-00332.warc.gz | en | 0.965063 | 652 | 3.03125 | 3 |
Facing noisy, makeshift classrooms, students need better support, says N.W.T. mom
Minister says gov’t doesn’t financially support students to study in larger centres
A Colville Lake mom says the Northwest Territories government should be helping students from small communities who want to go to school in larger centres to get a better education.
"There should be something in place for these students who are not getting the best education in their home communities," said Sheena Snow. "There's no help out there for them. So they end up just staying in the communities and dropping out of school."
Snow has one daughter who is in her second year of high school in Norman Wells and another who has just begun. In the past, she said, the community land corporation has helped with housing costs associated with going to school in Norman Wells, but the corporation recently said that's going to end.
Although parents can send their kids to school outside their communities, the N.W.T.'s education minister says the government does not financially support it.
"The reason we don't do that is it's kind of crossing a really thin line about residential school syndrome, which was really devastating to people in the Northwest Territories," said Caroline Cochrane.
"People are allowed to go to whatever school they want, but we are trying to bring the education system into small communities."
Cochrane said she recognizes students in small communities don't have the same education opportunities as those in larger communities, but the main difference is in the availability of optional courses.
"They all have trained teachers. They all have curriculums. The difference is they all don't have the electives that bigger schools offer," she said.
A 'horrible' learning environment
Snow said the main difference is noise.
With a population of about 160 people, according to the N.W.T. Bureau of Statistics, Colville Lake is among the smaller communities in the territory.
The school, where students from junior kindergarten to Grade 12 are taught, is one large, open space divided into rooms using partitions and bookshelves.
Snow said it is a "horrible" learning environment for high school students.
"If the other classroom is going to be singing a song, they're going to hear it. If they're talking loudly about something they're excited about, the high school students are going to hear it," she said.
"There's just no quiet time for reading or doing your work or trying to concentrate on your math … it's just constant noise."
Disparity in test scores
The difference in education between small and large communities has been evident in Alberta achievement test results.
In the 2016-2017 school year, only eight per cent of students enrolled in Grade 9 in small communities were achieving acceptable standards in math. In regional centres, 41.2 per cent were at an acceptable level.
For English language arts, 17.7 per cent of Grade 9 students in small communities were at an acceptable level; in regional centres 53 per cent were.
The education minister said plans are in the works to build a new school in Colville Lake, but it won't be ready for at least three years.
In the meantime, the N.W.T. government is working on bringing distance learning to small communities.
That's where students get instruction via video link from teachers outside the community.
"It tends to be the higher level courses we struggled with, so those are the courses we're bringing in with distance learning," said Cochrane.
Cochrane said the education department brought distance learning to seven communities last year and will have another four online this year. It will be brought to other small communities that want it over the next two years, she said.
The Sahtu Divisional Education Council is now in the process of "defining the communities" in the Sahtu that will receive distance learning, the minister said. | <urn:uuid:c62bc596-b9c4-4302-a6ca-a2773c259764> | CC-MAIN-2019-51 | https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/nwt-better-support-high-school-students-small-communities-1.4875516 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-51/segments/1575540514893.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20191208202454-20191208230454-00370.warc.gz | en | 0.978618 | 811 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Any day in the year can be uniquely identified with two numbers. For whatever reason I want the number with the smaller range to go first, so let's have an order of Month-Day. The Month number ranging from 1 to 12 and the day number ranging from 1 to 31. In an ideal world that would be all of the information you needed, but there are not 372 days in the year so some of the identifications people might make with those rules, say, “2-31,” are not real days.
But say I didn't care about that, say I didn't care about the number of days in the year at all and I just wanted to make up a calendar. Say I wanted it to be 210 days. 210 is seven times thirty, so I should be able to make a calendar that looks like X-YY where X goes from 1 to 7, and YY goes from 01 to 30. I could make one, so could you.
How would you do it?
I'm guessing that most people reading would create seven months of 30 days each. So you'd have 1-01, 1-02, 1-03, all the way up to 1-30, which would be followed by 2-01, 2-02, and so on. Some people might decide to have 30 weeks instead. So it would be 1-01, 2-01, … , 6-01, 7-01, 1-02, 2-02 and so on.
I'm guessing that because our calendar is built by dividing things up at different scales. We divide the year into 12 months, then divide each of the months into days, and each of the days into hours, and so on. Switching from one cycle to another is like zooming in or zooming out. We almost never have two different things going on at the same scale.
The Long Count I discussed in the last post is also built on that kind of thinking with each unit divided up by a unit below it, used to divide up a unit above it, or both. Never were there two things happening side by side on the same scale. As I said, I don't really find that interesting.
The Mayan calendars that I do find interesting work entirely differently.
If you wanted to make the calendar I ordered above in the style of one of those Mayan calendars you wouldn't divide and then divide the divisions. You'd simply start counting seven day weeks and thirty day months. You wouldn't have one number stay fixed while the other cycled through, you'd have both numbers moving at the same time. 1-01 would be the first day, 2-02 the second. After 7-07 would come 1-08. The thirtieth day would be 2-30, and the thirty-first 3-01.
Each day still has a unique identifier, you've still got 210 days mapped out so that you can find any day in it by being told it's X-YY, but the way we arrived there is completely different. Instead of naming months or numbering weeks or something like that, you've just got months and weeks and are letting them work alongside each other to create a larger system than either makes on its own.
In this system staying something happened on Friday the 13th narrows it down to one day every seven months, because Friday the 13th comes on a regular schedule. Which means that if 210 days is the period you're concerned with, you don't have to name the months. And if you did want to name them, you could just name them after the day they start on since each month in that period starts on a different day.
We could also imagine a system where the months were exactly the same as we're used to, but the there was no leap year (Or if leap day didn't count as a day of the week that would work too.) In that case, weeks would fit together with years such that, say, Sunday the first of January only came once every seven years. It would actually fit together quite nicely because on the next year the first of January would be Monday, then Tuesday the year after and so on. The result would be a seven year cycle. Years within the cycle wouldn't need to be numbered because the year that starts on Wednesday clearly comes two years after the one that starts on Monday.
These probably aren't the best examples, in part because I'm trying to use intervals we're familiar with, a seven day week, a thirty day month, a 365 day year.
That said, I think they're at least somewhat instructive. They show how you could set things up, they also, I think, how confusing this whole thing seems. I don't know about anyone else, but I definitely can't quickly figure out if two dates are close together or far apart. It would be pretty straightforward to know what day tomorrow or yesterday is. But if you pick two random dates in the month and week calendar I described, say Monday the 1st and Friday the 13th, it isn't immediately clear to me if they're very close together or very far apart. (I had to derive a formula for converting between a week-month calendar and one where the days were numbered 1 thorough 210 to figure it out.)
On the other hand if I say the 1st of month 5 and the 13th of month 1, you've got a much better idea of how far apart they are (though do remember that there are seven months here, not twelve.) So there's definitely something to be said for the way we do things. And when I get to the Maya's actual calendars you'll see that they seem to have realized that. Unfortunately it doesn't look like I'll be getting to it today.
So I want to close this with some other hypothetical calendars just to illustrate some points.
Seven and thirty make a calendar with 7*30 days because they don't have any factors in common. If I'd chosen six and thirty it wouldn't have worked at all. The thirtieth day would have been 6-30, and the thirty-first day would have been 1-01, right back at the beginning. The six day cycle would function as a subdivision of the 30 day month and nothing more. This is, obviously, because six divides 30. There's no remainder so the six cycle is back to the beginning after 30 days.
If I'd decided that I wanted to get closer to the number of months in a year and chosen 12 instead of seven, that wouldn't have worked quite right either. It would have been a perfectly legitimate calendar, but it would have been a much shorter one. It would have been 60 days instead of the 360 you might expect if you thought there would be 12*30 days. The thirtieth day would have been 06-30, which means that in another thirty days you'd find yourself at 12-30, and the day after would be 01-01.
I haven't mentioned this, but it's probably worth noting that you can feel completely free to add dates. If X days into a calendar is A-C, and Y days in is B-D then X+Y days in is (A+B)-(C+D). And now I'm regretting using a dash, which looks an awful lot like a minus symbol, to separate the numbers in the dates. Anyway, that works. The only thing is that the number you get might be too high. As in the last example if you add 06-30 to itself you get 12-60, but you can't have a number higher than 30 in the second slot. So you just subtract a 30 and you get 12-30, which is the actual date you're looking for. (If the number in the first slot had been to high you'd subtract a 12.)
Anyway, digression over, there is in fact a rule for how many days are in cycle created by using smaller cycles. There are as many as the least common multiple of the smaller cycles. The least common multiple of two or more numbers is just the smallest positive number (zero is not a positive number) that is a multiple of all of the numbers in question. 210 is the smallest positive number that is a multiple of both seven and thirty. 60 is the smallest positive number that is a multiple of both twelve and thirty. 30 is the smallest positive number that is a multiple of both six and thirty.
So if we decided to expand our 210 day calendar by adding a 12 cycle to go alongside the 7 and 30 cycles, the result would be a 420 day calendar, as that is the least common multiple of 7, 12, and 30.
So, right now I'm going to sleep but next time I plan to get to actual Mayan Calendars that use this sort of system. | <urn:uuid:241d918e-0d0d-4479-abe2-4997837ebfd9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://stealingcommas.blogspot.com/2012/01/about-mayan-calendar-part-2.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573623.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819035957-20220819065957-00182.warc.gz | en | 0.977688 | 1,815 | 3.234375 | 3 |
In the first part about Components, Software Architecture and Product Structures, I did not go into the details when a natural component defined as a binary sequence should be an explicit part of the software architecture. I will do it now.
First I want to clarify that all natural components in the software system are part of the architecture, the question is if they can stand on their own or must be part of a bigger collection of components.
A good software architecture requires that its components are reusable. This is achieved when the components implement well defined languages. Languages are the foundation for reusability.
When a natural component is not independent enough to implement a language by itself, it is put in a collection of components, that together implement a language. This can for example be a collection of classes in an object oriented language that implement an API. Single classes are often not reusable by themselves, because they have too many dependencies to other classes in the API. It is the entire API and its implementation that is reusable. Therefore, it is the API as a whole that is interesting to show in the software architecture.
1 day ago | <urn:uuid:b966dcb9-1dde-4c98-9d1b-128c19a35acd> | CC-MAIN-2017-43 | http://formallanguage.blogspot.com/2008/08/components-software-architecture-and.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187822625.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20171017234801-20171018014801-00625.warc.gz | en | 0.943757 | 226 | 2.625 | 3 |
A creative project throughout the reading of the novel Crime and Punishment, though it could be adapted for other novels as well.
Students create a textual and visual journal based the dual nature of Raskolnikov. By exploring the major events through Raskolnikov's perspective, students are able to get a better understanding of Fyodor Dostoyevsky's view of humanity and human nature.
A rubric assessing the Completion, Effort and Craftmanship, and Understanding the Voice of the Character is also included.
This could also easily be adapted for Kafka on the Shore, Macbeth, Hamlet, or potentially any piece of literature. | <urn:uuid:d1e7c4c9-e7c0-4ba6-82c8-bf2131a63eec> | CC-MAIN-2017-43 | https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Crime-and-Punishment-Reading-Journal-2445809 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187825497.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20171023001732-20171023021621-00057.warc.gz | en | 0.941918 | 136 | 3.234375 | 3 |
|Jepson Flora Project: Jepson Interchange|
|TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993)||
previous taxon |
Jepson Interchange (more information)
©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY
Plants on soil, rocks, or other plants, cespitose, mat-like (± flat), or cushion-like (rounded)
Stems pendent to erect, short to widely spreading, rooting at base or in branch fork; branches intricately intertwined or not
Leaves many, simple, overlapping, appressed, small, ± scale-like, 1-veined, smooth to grooved on back, sessile to decurrent, generally 4-ranked; fertile leaves at same node of prostrate stems equal or not, if unequal, leaves below stem generally appressed, leaves above stem ascending to spreading
Cones generally terminal; leaves like those on sterile stems or not, generally strongly overlapping, triangular in X -section
Sporangia 1 per leaf axil, spheric to reniform; lower generally with (13)4 large, 3-ridged, yellow to orange spores; upper generally with many, small, generally pale-colored spores.
The only genus
Species in genus: ± 700 species: worldwide, generally tropical and warm temp
Etymology: (Latin: small Selago , ancient name for some Lycopodium )
. Some cultivated as groundcover and curiosity (S. kraussiana, S. lepidophylla , resurrection plant). Hand lens required to observe leaf shape, margin, bristle at tip, cones
Horticultural information: TRY; DFCLT.
Plant flat to mat- to cushion-like, open or denseSee the CNPS Inventory for information about endangerment and rarity.
Stems strongly intertwined; main stems prostrate to decumbent, 26 cm, fragile when dry; lateral branches decumbent to ascending, 12(4) cm
Leaves sessile; upper and lower of main stems equal, 0.54 mm, lanceolate to narrowly so, bristle-tipped, bristle < 1.5 mm, soft, together forming conspicuous tufts at stem tip, marginal hairs sparse, spreading
Cone < 2 cm; leaves lanceolate to ovate; large spores yellow
Ecology: UNCOMMON. Dry sites, rocks, rocky soils, crevices, coniferous forest
Elevation: 16002700 m.
Bioregional distribution: Klamath Ranges, s Sierra Nevada Foothills, Transverse Ranges, Peninsular Ranges
Distribution outside California: Baja California | <urn:uuid:dcb3f9f4-6b09-421b-a490-bf6e79c62c23> | CC-MAIN-2016-50 | http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?141,142,143 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-50/segments/1480698542695.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20161202170902-00108-ip-10-31-129-80.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.781926 | 587 | 2.921875 | 3 |
In the northern Indian province of Assam, there’s a forest named after one man — not a politician, or a historical hero, but a guy who lives there today. It’s named after him because he planted most of its 1,360 acres.
Jadav Payeng, known as Molai, has been living in the area for more than 30 years, planting trees. Once this area was a desolate sandbar; now it’s a jungle that’s home to tigers and rhinoceroses and elephants.
Payeng told the Times of India that he first started working on the forest in 1979, when he saw flood-stranded snakes die from heat on the barren sandbar, with no trees to protect them. He told the paper:
I alerted the forest department and asked them if they could grow trees there. They said nothing would grow there. Instead, they asked me to try growing bamboo. It was painful, but I did it. There was nobody to help me. Nobody was interested.
Later, he says, he started planting real trees and transported red ants from his village area to help improve the sandbar’s soil quality.
For what it’s worth, the Indian government tells a slightly different version of this story. In 1980, according to the Deccan Chronicle, the district’s forestry division was working on a project to plant about 500 acres of trees.
Assistant conservator of forest Gunin Saikia, who is presently posted at Sivsagar district, said, Mulai was one of the labourers who worked in our project which was completed after five years. He chose to stay back after the completion of the project as others left.
Choose whichever origin story most appeals to you — the result is the same. This man has made it his life’s work to build a forest where none existed before and defend the wildlife that lives there. Take that, Johnny Appleseed. | <urn:uuid:900fc9d3-adbb-43a5-b10b-64bbf9cad58b> | CC-MAIN-2014-10 | http://grist.org/list/indian-man-single-handedly-plants-hundreds-of-acres-of-forest/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-10/segments/1393999636902/warc/CC-MAIN-20140305060716-00082-ip-10-183-142-35.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.979992 | 409 | 2.875 | 3 |
THE European Union is serious about reining in the release of gases that contribute to global warming. As of Jan. 1, 2011, air-conditioning systems for all new European-made vehicles must begin the switch to a refrigerant other than the current formulation, known as R134a.
If there is a familiar ring to this development, it’s because the predecessor of R134a was itself banned for environmental reasons. While the effects on the earth’s atmosphere are different this time, the scramble by automakers to comply seems every bit as urgent.
Air-conditioning makes use of the cooling effect that occurs when a gas is allowed to suddenly expand, familiar to some from the barroom trick of cooling drinks with a blast of carbon dioxide from a fire extinguisher. This effect can be prolonged using a suitable refrigerant gas, so long as the power to pump it around in a loop of compressors and radiators is maintained.
In wide use for little more than a decade, the shortcoming of R134a is revealed by a standard measurement called the Global Warming Potential, established to compare other gases with the most plentiful greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide. The warming potential of R134a refrigerant is 1,410, meaning that the release of one gram of R134a would have the same global warming effect as releasing 1,410 grams of carbon dioxide. The warming number of Freon-12, the common auto refrigerant used into the 1990s, is 8,500.Continue reading the main story
In an interesting twist, the leading alternative refrigerant being considered by European automakers is carbon dioxide. But it’s hard to make real sense of the blizzard of reports on refrigerants and their performance. The German automakers’ association has endorsed carbon dioxide, which not only has the baseline warming number of 1 but is also at least 20 percent more energy-efficient than the best systems using R134a, supporters say.
In the United States, the problem will be eliminating regulatory barriers for European autos using alternative refrigerants — so they can be sold here.
Aside from that issue, it might be tempting to let the Europeans go their own way. In the so-called Vermont ruling last September, a federal judge decided that individual states may specify exhaust emissions limits that are stricter than those set by the federal Environmental Protection Agency.
In California, the Air Resources Board is calling for a 30 percent reduction in carbon dioxide emissions by 2016, and Vermont said it also wanted the reduction. Because 5.5 percent of the fuel burned by the United States auto fleet drives air-conditioning, alternative refrigerants would provide a benefit even here.
The European Union’s action reflects changing environmental priorities since 1983, when it was discovered that something was attacking the earth’s ozone layer, the protective wrap in the atmosphere that absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the sun. If the notorious “ozone hole” above the southern polar region continued to expand, scientists said, the ultraviolet radiation would harm living things beyond just hapless penguins.
Earlier it had been shown that the element chlorine could act as a catalyst in the atmospheric chemical reactions that destroy ozone. Where was this chlorine coming from? The research pointed at chlorofluorocarbons, synthetic compounds widely used as refrigerants, spray-can propellants and blowing agents for molding foam. An international agreement — the Montreal Protocol — soon called for phase-out of these chlorine compounds.
New cars sold in much of the world since this agreement have used R134a refrigerant in their climate-control systems. It is a hydrofluorocarbon, which contains no chlorine. In the years since the ban of refrigerants containing chlorine, the ozone hole has receded.
In the United States, the leading alternative seems to be R152a, with a warming potential of 120-140. Yet adopting this or another proposed blend is not simple. Refrigerants containing chlorine were inert and nontoxic because of the bond strength of the fluorine and chlorine in their molecules. But when hydrogen replaces chlorine, the molecules become less stable; R152a is regarded as slightly flammable.
There are also economic issues. In 2006, the European air-conditioning market was worth about $7 billion; chemical makers want the replacement to be a product they can patent, and sell with a trademark.
The R152a alternative represents a 90 percent reduction of global warming potential compared with R134a. In addition, it is promoted as a direct replacement for R134a, requiring minimal mechanical changes to the air-conditioner.
But there are other problems: some refrigerants are incompatible with the lubricants used in air-conditioning compressors, and carbon dioxide systems operate at pressures five times that of today’s systems, requiring heavy-duty hardware.
Joerg Schernikau, a vice president at Behr America, an air-conditioning supplier, said his company would most likely develop both European and American refrigerants.
“That’s what we assume right now,” he said, noting that Audi, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Porsche and Volkswagen had recently chosen carbon dioxide.
At Denso, the large Japanese auto parts manufacturer, Miwa Kurokawa, said that while manufacturers did not set the direction of global environmental planning, Denso intended to meet all regulations.
Can there be any other choice in a globalizing world that still lacks globalized standards?Continue reading the main story | <urn:uuid:cca1f946-5bc2-43cd-bfc5-3268a5c423f4> | CC-MAIN-2017-26 | http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/02/automobiles/02COOL.html?ex=1354165200&en=9e0e23024e53a64f&ei=5124&exprod=permalink | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128319992.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170623031127-20170623051127-00102.warc.gz | en | 0.939881 | 1,125 | 2.953125 | 3 |
As I was doing some prep work for my Facebook Q&A on Design Thinking next Monday, I came across the term, “Wizard of Oz Prototype.” I realized that we had done prototypes like this in the classroom, but didn’t know there was a term for them. As you know, the Wizard in that famous book and movie uses the art of illusion to appear much larger, louder, and smarter than he really is. When making a Wizard of Oz prototype to test out, you may want to find out if the end experience is going to be worth all of the work needed to create it. For example, you may want to design a robot that dispenses fortunes to people. Before spending time on programming a robot, you might dress up as a robot and present fortunes when someone presses a button to find out if this is a product people will like. So, it’s kind of a twist on “Fake it ’til you make it.” You can read more about it in this handout from Stanford’s d. school. | <urn:uuid:056aedcf-6183-47dc-9bfd-325f7f97dc2b> | CC-MAIN-2022-05 | https://engagetheirminds.com/2021/06/09/the-wizard-of-oz-prototype/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320299927.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220129032406-20220129062406-00404.warc.gz | en | 0.972232 | 222 | 3.15625 | 3 |
The line of health is also known as the line of the liver and is one of the secondary lines of the hand, often ignored in palmistry. It starts from the Mount of Mercury and runs down the palm. As hinted by the name, it is an indicator of health and general physical state.
- The smaller the line of health, the better. Whenever it is fully missing, the body is stronger.
- The deeper the line, the worse the nervous system of the person is. Whenever it is twisted and uneven, it is a sign of trouble regarding the gallbladder, liver and kidneys.
- A line of health, which crosses the palm and intersects the line of life at some point, reveals a fragile and weak body.
- A line of health, composed of short, straight segments indicates problems with digestion.
- A line of health that is essentially composed of small clumps with long tree-like branches is symbolic of problems with the lungs and chest.
- If it commences from the line of the heart at the Mount of Mercury and crosses the line of life, this foreshadows weakness of the heart. If it is wide and very pale of color, this means poor blood circulation. If it is red with small offshoots, this is an indication of heart problems.
More from Palmistry: Lines of the Hand
More from Palmistry: Fingers and the Hand | <urn:uuid:2bb15109-0ca3-45a6-922c-9f23bbc3dc83> | CC-MAIN-2018-30 | http://mysteries24.com/n4-40711-Palmistry_-_Meaning_of_the_Line_of_Health | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676592001.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20180720232914-20180721012914-00432.warc.gz | en | 0.949905 | 288 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Introduction to Sound Design
Dip your toes into the world of sound design!
WHEN: 10.30PM - 2.30PM, Saturday 28 May 2022
WHERE: Events Room, Belmont Hub, 213 Wright Street, Cloverdale, WA 6105
COST: Free for residents, $10 for non-residents
MORE INFORMATION HERE
Sound design is the practice of creating soundtracks through specifying, acquiring or creating auditory elements using audio production techniques and tools. This skill is regularly used across creative disciplines including in filmmaking, videogame development and radio.
If you're an educator, storyteller or artist, book in to this workshop to learn from sound artist and filmmaker Tom Allum (Barking Wolf). Tom will give you an introduction to concepts of sound design, sound effect manipulation and capturing audio.
Make sure to bring a smart phone with audio capture capacity.
Artsource is partially-funded by the Restart Investment to Sustain and Expand (RISE) Fund. | <urn:uuid:2cf96a88-6035-4f35-a525-a8db998c62ab> | CC-MAIN-2022-21 | https://www.artsource.net.au/Introduction-to-Sound-Design | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662578939.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20220525023952-20220525053952-00174.warc.gz | en | 0.909186 | 209 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Macular degeneration or AMD (age-related macular degeneration) is a vision loss disease that is the primary cause of vision loss in Americans who are 65 and over. Macular degeneration occurs when a part of the retina called the macula degrades. This is a problem because the macula creates the primary, clear vision needed for everyday tasks like driving and reading. There are two main types of macular degeneration: dry macular degeneration and wet macular degeneration.
Dry, or non-neovascular macular degeneration occurs when aging macular issues begin to thin out, or pigment begins to build up in the macula. One of the first signs of dry macular degeneration is when drusen, yellowish deposits from deteriorating tissue, appears on the eye, accompanied with gradual loss of central vision.
In one out of 10 cases, dry macular degeneration advances to wet macular degeneration. Wet AMD is much more serious, as neovascularization, or the development of new blood vessels, occurs beneath the retina, leaking blood that permanently damages retinal cells. When retinal cells are lost, blind spots in central vision occur.
Neovascularisaztion can be classic choroidal neovascularization, where clearly delineated new blood vessels develop beneath the retina and severe vision loss occurs. Occult choroidal neovascularization occurs when the blood vessel growth and leakage is not as pronounced and less severe vision loss may result.
There is no cure for macular degeneration and surgery is not a viable option for those experiencing macular degeneration. There are no proven successful treatments for dry macular degeneration other than nutritional supplements. However, in the case of wet macular degeneration, there are many drugs approved by the FDA. A drug called Lucentis has showed some promise in improving the vision of macular degeneration sufferers. This drug and others like it work by attacking the protein (VEGF) that contributes to the development of the abnormal blood vessels. Lucentis treatments involve monthly injections directly into the eye.
Another treatment, called photodynamic therapy (PDT), works on wet macular degeneration sufferers by injecting a drug (Visudyne) into the arm. When the drug enters the retinal blood vessels, the doctor shines a laser into the eye, which activates the drug. It then destroys abnormal blood vessels, reducing the incidence of further damage to the retina. | <urn:uuid:e8b9b5ec-876d-4d7b-a337-ba4a553c059e> | CC-MAIN-2019-09 | https://www.lensshopper.com/eye-diseases/macular-degeneration.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-09/segments/1550247503249.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20190221071502-20190221093502-00289.warc.gz | en | 0.906599 | 505 | 3.28125 | 3 |
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Automated Driving
One of the most interesting sessions at this year’s GTC conferences concentrated on the role artificial intelligence plays in autonomous driving. In this session, Volkswagen’s Lead SDS Software Engineer, Silviu Homoceanu, presented some very interesting information about some of the technologies used by researchers to allow the car to “see” the road and “learn” about all of the various conditions it might encounter while driving. In this article, we will take a look at some of the highlights of the presentations so we can gain a better understanding of the way AI powers the development of autonomous vehicles.
How Does the Car “See” the Road?
One of the technologies used to allow the car to “see” the road is LiDAR. First of all, there is 360-degree LiDAR, which allows the car to monitor every direction, all the time. There are also long-range LiDAR sensors that allow the car to track items that are more than 200 meters away. The way this technology works is it sends out a beam of light that bounces off another object and returns back to the LiDAR sensor. All of this produces a 3D Point Cloud which is a visual representation of the way the autonomous vehicle “sees” the physical world. In addition to LiDAR, there are also ultrasonic sensors that work in a similar fashion to LiDAR, except that they use sound waves instead of light to measure distances. Finally, there is a system of cameras mounted to the vehicles that capture data as well.
All of these technologies can be found in vehicles like the Volkswagen Sedric which is a prototype of a self-driving car presented by the Volkswagen Group way back in 2017 as their first-ever Level 5 autonomous car. There are other companies, like Waymo, who rely almost entirely on LiDAR. They have even developed their own LiDAR system, called Laser Bear Honeycomb which provides more coverage with fewer sensors, more customizable configurations, and other benefits. Finally, what conversation about autonomous vehicles can be complete without discussing Tesla and their Autopilot AI which relies on an intricate system of cameras, called the Hydranet, to stitch together all of the images into one view.
It is also important to note that all of these technologies simply produce raw data which later on needs to be prepared by humans with various data annotation methods. This ranges from simple labeling and bounding box annotation to more advanced annotation methods such as semantic segmentation and 3D Point Cloud annotation. You can find more information about this by visiting the data annotation section of our website.
How Does All This Work?
We listed all of the technologies that allow the car to “see” the road, but what does this like in practice? So all of the data was recorded, then it was annotated and used to train the convolutional neural network variables to steering angles until convergence and then deploy for inference in the car. Thanks to advances in frameworks like Tensorflow and hardware for inference like the NVIDIA Drive IX it has become a lot easier to conduct such experiments. One of the most interesting observations from Volkswagen’s researchers and was discussed in the presentation was that the convergence of a model was only a loose indicator for the ability of that model to drive independently. Only a small subset of the models that converged was able to drive longer without human intervention.
In order to test the models, they created a small course of simulations. They took all of the steering angles that were produced by the neural networks and apply a homographic transformation to the images in the next timestamp. This way the decision of the network would affect the input at every timestamp. So, what does all of this mean in plain English? Basically, whenever an image is recorded, the neural networks propose a steering angle based on this image that would keep the car from off the road. In this particular experiment, they recorded 3 minutes of data or 3,500 frames and in each of those frames, the machine learning system would need to correctly adjust the steering angle.
However, this brings up another question of what actually did the system learn from all of this data? It learned that there is a correlation between street markings and steering angle. So, for example, in order to stay in a particular driving lane, the steering angle needs to be adjusted accordingly.
How Can the Training Process Be Enhanced With Data Annotation?
The experiment described above did not go very well, so researchers decided to enhance the training process with the help of additional data annotation among other things. They took their training data and applied a method called Novelty Detection and Training Set De-biasing with the help of variational autoencoders. This method was used on both real and simulated data and to bridge the gap between the real and simulated data they trained the model on purposefully built semantic segmentation networks. The segmented data would be put into the model and the dataset was balanced in such a way that no novelties were detected.
If you are not familiar with the concept of novelty detection, this is when the machine learning system encounters an unknown object. One of the purposes of data annotation is to reduce the detection of such novelties as much s possible, but what we have learned from the experiment conducted by Volkswagen was that annotating the data set with semantic segmentation, which is one of the most advanced methods, helped eliminate the issue of novelty detection.
What Are Some Challenges That Need to Be Overcome?
While have been many new and interesting developments in the field of autonomous vehicles, there are still many challenges that need to be overcome:
- Training data – There needs to be a shift in the way the software is currently created to capture the right data. There are also obstacles in terms of annotating the data as well.
- Novelty and Corner Cases – Regardless of how well we try, there will always be situations where the vehicle will not know how to respond. We call such situations corner cases. This is in addition to the novelty detection issue we described earlier.
- Forgetting – Just like humans forget old information when learning something new, the machine learning models perform the same way. This is known as catastrophic forgetting.
- Uncertainty – A lot of times the neural network will not be 100% sure about identifying a particular object or making a decision. There may be even situations where 99% certainty is not good enough. Such uncertainty estimation still needs to be explored especially in semantic segmentation.
- Efficiency – We need to remember that all of the driving decisions need to be done in a fraction of a second, which puts a lot of pressure on the embedded hardware.
- Validating the results – When all of the research and testing has been done, the vehicle needs to get on the road to validate the results.
Mindy Support Can Help Take the Burden of Data Annotation Off Your Shoulders
As we have learned, data annotation is an important aspect of machine learning, but it is very time-consuming. This is why a lot of companies choose to outsource such work to a service provider. Mindy Support provides comprehensive data annotation services. We are one of the largest BPO providers in Eastern Europe with more than 2,000 employees in six locations all over Ukraine. Our size and location allow us to source and recruit the needed number of candidates quickly and we will be able to scale your project without sacrificing the quality of the data annotation. Contact us today to learn more about how we can help you.
April 23rd, 2021 Mindy News Blog
Talk to our experts about your AI/ML projectContact us | <urn:uuid:cd099653-6130-498d-b969-e72c93981bb2> | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | https://mindy-support.com/news-post/the-role-of-artificial-intelligence-in-automated-driving/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511075.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20231003092549-20231003122549-00491.warc.gz | en | 0.9573 | 1,573 | 3.265625 | 3 |
And what do we find under our theory Christmas tree? Our first present is a new randomized polynomial-time algorithm for linear programming from Kelner and Spielman. The card reads
In this paper, we present the first randomized polynomial-time simplex method. Like the other known polynomial-time algorithms for linear programming, the running time of our algorithm depends polynomially on the bit-length of the input. We do not prove an upper bound on the diameter of polytopes. Rather we reduce the linear programming problem to the problem of determining whether a set of linear constraints defines an unbounded polyhedron. We then randomly perturb the right-hand sides of these constraints, observing that this does not change the answer, and use a shadow-vertex simplex method to try solve the perturbed problem. When the shadow-vertex method fails, it suggests a way to alter the distributions of the perturbations, after which we apply the method again. We prove that the number of iterations of this loop is polynomial with high probability.Our next present is a list-decodable code from Guruswami and Rudra. Back in October I posted about the Parvaresh-Vardy code that list decode a 1-ε fraction of errors using a code of rate O(ε/log(1/ε)). Guruswami and Rudra, for any constant δ>0, create a code with rate ε-δ.
Many more presents under the tree, presumably many STOC and Complexity submissions. No proofs (at least correct ones) that P≠NP this year but maybe Santa will come through for us in time for next Christmas. | <urn:uuid:fbb1774c-a105-496a-a146-ed6ac5e60fb8> | CC-MAIN-2018-30 | https://blog.computationalcomplexity.org/2005/12/all-i-want-for-christmas-is-proof-that.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676590329.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20180718193656-20180718213656-00219.warc.gz | en | 0.894901 | 353 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Clematis, the Versatile Vine
(Editor's Note: This article was originally published on January 27, 2008, Your comments are welcome, but please be aware that authors of previously published articles may not be able to respond to your questions.)
I can’t think of a single flower that has such a variation in form, foliage, size and blooming season except for the clematis.
Clematis is a member of the Ranunclaceae (Buttercup) family. The word is from the Greek and means “vine”. This plant has about 250 species and numerous hybrids.
Site choice is very important in the successful growing of this plant.
The older varieties need at least 6 hours of sunlight each day in order to thrive. Some of the new hybrids will grow in partial shade; if your site falls into this category, choose the variety carefully. This plant prefers a neutral pH of 7.0 to slightly acidic 6.6-6.8. It does best in well drained rich soil with plenty of organic material.
Although most of these plants prefer full sun, their roots like to stay cool. Use a low growing ground cover around the clematis or mulch well to keep the sun from the root area.
When planting make sure the crown of the plant is 2 inches below the surface of the soil. A handful of bone meal or super phosphate in the planting hole will help establish root growth.
You’ll need some type of structure on which the vine will grow. A fence or trellis works well. I like to plant them as an accent plant with my climbing roses where both plants can climb together. They also go well with climbing hydrangeas.
Maintence of clematis is pretty straight forward, water deeply once a week during hot, dry weather. Replenish mulch each spring to a depth of 2-3 inches. This will keep the roots cool and conserve moisture. Fertilize early in the spring and every 3-4 weeks after. Hold off on the fertilizer when the plant is in bloom. Stay away from fertilizers that are heavy in nitrogen; use an all purpose with an N-P-K of 5-10-10 or a 6-12-12.
One of the most asked questions that I receive in my newspaper column is how to prune clematis.
Clematis are divided into 3 groups. It’s critical that you know what group your plant is in to successfully prune and not to lose a lot of the blooms.
Group A or 1 Early Flowering
This group of clematis bloom on “old wood” that is the buds are produced from growth the previous growing season. These should be pruned as soon as the flowers fade, but no later than July. This will allow sufficient time to produce next year’s blooms. You may prune out old vines to reduce size if desired. Do not prune the heavy woody trunks. Some examples of plants in this group are Clematis alpina, C. macropetala, and C. montana.
Group A or 1
Group B or 2 Large flowered Hybrids
This group consists of the early blooming large flowered types. These are large, single, double or semi-double blooms. These produce flowers on both “old wood” and “new wood” the current year’s growth. You’ll get 2 flowering periods from this type. These should be pruned in late winter or early spring. You may also may prune in late fall after they go dormant.
Some of these are ‘Nelly Moser’, 'Lasurstern', and C. florida.
Group B or 2
Group C or 3
These bloom on “new wood” or the current year’s growth. The first 2 or 3 feet of growth. These normally begin to bloom in June and will continue throughout the summer. Prune in late winter or very early spring. Cut them back to a height of 2-3 feet. Examples are Jackmanii hybrids, C. viticella, and C. integrifolia.
Group C or 3
Some of the diseases that you might encounter while growing clematis are a fungal disease called ascochyta clematidina more commonly known as “clematis wilt”. This disease is mostly seen on the large flowering hybrids. The stem turns dark and collapses just prior to flowering. Usually removing the stem below the blackened area will control this disease.
Powdery Mildew is another disease that often appears in hot humid weather. You can treat this with application of a good fungicide. Good air circulation will deter this problem.
Earwigs and aphids are the most common insect pests to be on the lookout for,
For those of you in USDA zone 6 and lower. I like to mulch my clematis in the late fall with shredded leaves to a depth of 4-6 inches. This will prevent the crown of the plant from heaving out of the ground during freeze/thaw cycles.
Stay tuned for an upcoming article by my DG writing team mate Susanne Talbert. She will tell you more about Clematis-An introduction to Cultivars.
Pruning diagrams coursety of Michigan State University Extension | <urn:uuid:dd8249e2-0f66-4ce9-aaaf-e89ac41e470c> | CC-MAIN-2014-52 | http://davesgarden.com/guides/articles/view/270/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-52/segments/1418802767198.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20141217075247-00019-ip-10-231-17-201.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939791 | 1,126 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Unlike any other time in history, we are inundated with information from many sources of media, and depending on one’s ideology, the results can be fractious. Everyone’s racing to catch up to what is reliable, dependable, and true – all the while, feeling deep, emotional, attachments to our personal understanding of important issues. It has unfortunately become fashionable to claim that what people feel about issues should be taken as seriously as the facts about those issues. Emotional attachment to specific viewpoints and the facts about the world are often two completely different things, and we need to keep them distinct.
The skill set of Critical Thinking allows us to better separate facts from feelings and acknowledges that there is value to our beliefs, our ideas, and our opinions and that some are simply better than others. But what makes these objects of the mind and influences of behavior good, bad, better, or worse? Luckily, much of the hard work has already been done. Philosophers, mathematicians, logicians, scientists, writers, and many others have developed the Critical Thinking tools that require all of us to make such valued distinctions.
Here, DiCarlo has taken six of the most important tools and distilled them into a skill set that is easy to remember and practical to apply in everyday life. This skill set provides anyone with the capacity to be mature, diplomatic, and fair, and to disagree in a civil manner. For the majority of us, developing such skills will not happen overnight ... or in a week, or a month. It is something that is ongoing and requires continuous practice, development, and use. And in today’s age of immediacy, with information and opinion just a click away, there seems to be less and less time in which to practice such skills. Perhaps this is one of the reasons so many people are feeling their way through issues rather than thinking critically about them. With a better understanding of the tenets of critical thinking, though, readers will come away from this book with a renewed sense of engagement with thoughts, opinions, feelings, and facts.
So You Think You Can Think is written in a very accessible style and form for modern readers. They’ll enjoy learning a lot about good arguments (and bad) - and how to tell the difference!
— Jan Narveson, Distinguished Professor Emeritus, University of Waterloo
About the Author:
Christopher W. DiCarlo, PhD, is a philosopher, educator, and author. He often teaches in the Faculty of Philosophy at the University of Toronto (in Scarborough) and at the Life Institute at Ryerson Univesity in Toronto. He is also a lifetime member of Humanist Canada and an Expert Advisor for the Centre for Inquiry Canada. He has been invited to speak at numerous national and international conferences and written many scholarly papers ranging from bioethics to cognitive evolution. He is the author of How to Become a Really Good Pain in the Ass: A Critical Thinker’s Guide to Asking the Right Questions. He is a past Visiting Research Scholar at Harvard University in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences: Department of Anthropology and the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology. DiCarlo is the Principal and Founder of Critical Thinking Solutions, a consulting business for individuals, corporations, and not-for-profits in both the private and public sectors. He is also the developer of the first Pilot Project in Canada to introduce Universal Critical Thinking skills into the Ontario Public High School curriculum. DiCarlo is also the Ethics Chair for the Canadian Mental Health Association (Waterloo/Wellington) and the Critical Thinking Advisor and Writer at Pixel Dreams Creative Agency in Toronto. | <urn:uuid:3d3823f3-cd70-4140-8dae-905fbcdddefd> | CC-MAIN-2020-34 | https://www.cavershambooksellers.com/search/1538138557 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439736902.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20200806091418-20200806121418-00105.warc.gz | en | 0.955645 | 747 | 2.921875 | 3 |
“Character is much easier kept than recovered”
– Thomas Paine
Colcha is a Spanish word meaning bed covering or coverlet. As early as 1598, the Spanish Colonial settlers brought colcha embroidery to New Mexico and Southern Colorado. Bed coverings were embroidered with this unique couched stitch and the stitch was named the colcha. Traditionally it would be worked on hand-woven wool called sabanilla using handspun and dyed wool yarns made from the Churro Sheep. Sabanilla is a loosely woven fabric approximately 12-22 threads per inch. | <urn:uuid:6fe268bb-fcf1-4a11-a690-3d53afd6646a> | CC-MAIN-2017-47 | http://www.suncitystitcher.com/2012/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934806569.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20171122103526-20171122123526-00545.warc.gz | en | 0.971134 | 122 | 3.203125 | 3 |
characterised by those qualities that are associated with the application of paint on a surface (eg visible brushstrokes), where shapes are distinguished by colour and tone rather than a linear approach, which emphasises contour and outline.
the range of colours used by an artist. Can also refer to a board used by painters to hold and mix paint.
support provided to artists by a wealthy person (eg royalty, nobility, business person) or institution (eg the church).
art in which works in a variety of media are planned in advance and then undertaken before a live audience. The difference to theatre is that, while theatrical performances present representations of events, performance art presents actual events as art.
the way the illusion of space is created in a flat picture, for example how far the foreground and background appear to be separated from each other. This space is determined by distance between the viewer and the subject. If objects appear their usual size in relationship to each other, the perspective is considered ‘normal’. If the foreground objects are much larger than those of the background, the perspective is considered ‘exaggerated’. When there is little difference in size between foreground and background, we say the perspective looks ‘compressed’.
an artwork made by sticking pieces of other photographs together to create a single picture (from the French coller, meaning ‘to paste’).
also called rayograph, schadograph, light graphics, photogenics. A photographic image made without a camera, either by placing objects on a sensitised surface paper or film that is exposed to a moving or stationary source of light, or simply by directing light onto the material.
a composite image made by joining together and printing portions (or all) of more than one image to create an image not found in reality.
an attempt in the late 19th century to advance photography into the realm of fine art by emphasising aesthetic rather than documentary qualities. The style, which was dominant in Australian photographic circles from around 1900 to the 1930s, was initially characterised by soft-focus effects and low-tone printing. See also Sydney Camera Circle.
in the imaginary space of a picture, the picture plane is the physical surface of the work. Through the use of perspective, objects in the picture may appear to recede from it or project forward from it.
finely powdered material made from natural or synthetic substances which produces the colour of any medium; pigment becomes paint, ink or dye when mixed with oil, water or other fluid.
‘open air’ in French. Also en plein air ('in the open air’). Refers to a painting done outdoors rather than in the studio – an important feature of Impressionism. It can also describe a picture that gives a strong sense of the outdoors.
a term coined by art critic and curator Lawrence Alloway in the late 1950s to indicate art that has a basis in the popular culture of its day. Pop art, which flourished from the mid 1950s to the ’70s, emerged in England but realised its full potential in New York, with Andy Warhol (1928–1987) perhaps the defining pop artist. Media and advertising were favourite subjects for its witty celebrations of consumer culture.
the practice of creating portraits (pictures of people). See also self-portrait.
refers to various trends in painting, particularly in France, that occurred as a result of (often a reaction against) Impressionism. The term was coined by Roger Fry for the 1910–11 exhibition Manet and the post-Impressionists, which featured works by Paul Cézanne (1839–1906), Paul Gauguin (1848–1903) and Vincent van Gogh (1853–1890).
a term coined by an American critic to refer to work that was more embellished and pictorial compared with the cold, industrial look of minimalism. Artists include Eva Hesse (1936–1970), Richard Serra (b1939).
an imprecise term for a type of art that rebelled against modernism. One key characteristic is the crossover between high and low culture (eg fine arts and mass media). The term can also be used in a wider cultural context with a more complex sense.
relating to an English art movement formed in 1848 that produced art rich in symbols and poetic detail. The founding members of the group, known as the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, were John Everett Millais (1829–1996), William Holman Hunt (1827–1910) and Dante Gabrielle Rossetti (1828–1882). Their name comes from their desire to recapture some of the style and spirit of Italian art of the time before the Renaissance painter Raphael (1483–1520).
in printmaking, an impression taken before work on the block or plate is complete (‘working’ or ‘trial’ proofs) to determine if further work is needed on the printing surface. It can also refer to extra impressions made at the same time, but apart from, an edition, either for the use of the artist (artist’s proof) or printer (printer’s proof). A proof inscribed HC (hors de commerce or ‘outside commerce’) means it is not intended to be sold with the edition. BAT (bon a tirer or ‘good to print’) is a proof that the artist deems as the model for all subsequent proofs in an edition; it can also be inscribed RTP (‘right to print’).
place of origin or source; the history of ownership of an artwork. | <urn:uuid:d07a14c7-3757-4ab0-a4d8-e1a7fda74cae> | CC-MAIN-2019-22 | https://m.artgallery.nsw.gov.au/glossary/P/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-22/segments/1558232255536.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20190520021654-20190520043654-00463.warc.gz | en | 0.952105 | 1,169 | 3.28125 | 3 |
By JOSE GERMAN
For Montclair Local
Jose German is a New Jersey environmental activist, Essex County certified master
gardener and Montclair resident. He is the founder of the Northeast Earth Coalition.
Gardens require maintenance year around, but moving into the summer they need some special care. So far, this spring has seen a lot of rain, making gardens lush but sometimes overgrown. Let’s get prepared in advance, in the likely case that we have higher-than-usual summer temperatures and some dry stretches, creating challenges in supporting the lush life of the garden.
Mulching and weed control
Weekly weeding is a good practice. Don’t wait until weeds are out of control or they will multiply and spread their seeds.
Adding a thick layer of cedar mulch will help control the weeds by preventing their germination. I recommend using cedar undyed mulch since the dye in colored mulch has artificial chemicals that can be toxic. Some colored mulch is made of recycled wood and may include treated wood containing creosote or chromated copper arsenate (CCA). CCA and other toxic chemicals have been found to contaminate soil where colored wood chip mulch has been applied. If you find brightly colored mulch labeled “natural,” remember that “natural” has no legal definition and read the ingredients to see what chemicals were added to enhance the color.
Besides helping with weed control, a thick layer of mulch (about 3 inches) will also help the soil retain moisture by reducing evaporation. Water deeply to be sure the water goes to the roots. Avoid watering the foliage since wet leaves promote the growth of mildew and fungi.
It’s best to water early in the day to let leaves dry out before nightfall. Native plants tend to be more drought tolerant since they are used to our climate, so watering them should be lower priority, even in dry spells, but you will need to water new plantings. Some non-native plants may need watering every other day, but before watering check if the soil around the roots appears dry.
Container plants dry out quickly and may need watering every day in hot weather.
Feeding your plants
Like humans, plants need food. Well-fed plants are more productive. As a proponent of organic gardening, I recommend organic fertilizers. Adding a layer of compost to your flower and vegetable beds is effective in feeding your plants without chemicals. If you do not have a compost pile in your yard, you should start one, but in the meantime, compost is available from most garden centers.
For your vegetable garden, consider planting nitrogen-fixing legumes. While it is too late for peas, beans can be planted well into the summer to feed both the soil and your family. | <urn:uuid:250aff21-9925-4292-ba0d-26395fa4d73d> | CC-MAIN-2019-35 | https://www.montclairlocal.news/2019/06/10/summer-plants-gardening-montclair-nj/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027330907.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20190825215958-20190826001958-00031.warc.gz | en | 0.93496 | 579 | 2.5625 | 3 |
The lottery is a form of gambling that people play in order to win money. The lottery was first introduced in the 18th century and has been a popular way to make money ever since.
The origin of the lottery is traced back to the 18th century when it was introduced by English Parliamentarians as a source of revenue. The idea behind this was that people would be willing to pay for the chance of winning a prize, but would not be willing to pay taxes.
Lottery money can come from many different sources but it most often comes from ticket sales. In some cases, governments will increase taxes in order to generate more revenue for the state.
Lotto is a game of chance in which players bet on the outcome of a random drawing. The word “lotto” is derived from the Italian word “lotto,” meaning “small stone.”
In the United States, lottery proceeds are used to fund public education, and it’s not uncommon for lotteries to be operated by nonprofit organizations.
The History of Lottery
The lottery is a form of gambling which involves a game with random elements.
The earliest known mention of the word “lottery” was in 1569 and it was derived from the French “loterie”, meaning “a drawing”.
Lotteries were originally used as a way to raise funds for projects such as building bridges, churches, or roads. They also served as a form of art: people would be entertained by drawings made from lots.
How Playing Lotto Helps Your Country’s Economy
Lottery is a game of chance. It has been around for centuries and it has always been a source of amusement for many people.
The lottery is not just about the thrill of winning. It also helps boost the economy in some countries.
In times when the economy is doing well, people have more money to spend on leisure activities like playing the lotto. But in times when the economy is struggling, people are less likely to buy tickets because they can’t afford it and this affects the country’s economy negatively.
Lottery Tickets are Tax-Exempt in Some Countries
In some countries, gambling is legal and you can buy lottery tickets from any country. You may need to pay taxes on the lottery ticket depending on the tax laws of your country. In other countries, gambling is not legal and you have to buy a ticket in your own country.
You may also like: | <urn:uuid:bd95e48f-458f-489f-b627-754e259d87ad> | CC-MAIN-2022-27 | https://lottolucker.org/the-origin-of-lottery-money-and-how-it-affects-you/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103626162.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220629084939-20220629114939-00563.warc.gz | en | 0.985005 | 520 | 3.359375 | 3 |
Effects Of Diabetes On SeniorsThe Diabetes Site
According to the American Diabetes Association, one out of every four seniors over the age of 65 has diabetes. Diabetes tends to worsen as you get older, but there are some things you can do to help your body. Eating healthy foods, maintaining a proper weight, and continuing a physically active lifestyle are all easy and essential ways to stay fit and healthy as you age. Early detection of diabetes is key to living a long and healthy life. Don’t be afraid to go to your doctor if you have concerns about your health.
Learn more right here. | <urn:uuid:b8198d1f-2dce-4483-8c4b-de66b18f7478> | CC-MAIN-2017-26 | http://blog.thediabetessite.com/effects-of-diabetes-on-seniors/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128321309.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20170627101436-20170627121436-00031.warc.gz | en | 0.948152 | 122 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Bouncing bird is the toughest on earth
The high altitude habitat of the ground tit would challenge any warm-blooded vertebrate that doesn't hibernate. The extremes of the Tibetan Plateau involve low oxygen, no trees, and temperatures that would freeze your beak off. The tit has adapted with a larger mass that made scientists believe it was the world's smallest crow.
The truth is, it's the world's biggest tit,Parus humilis, with burrowing techniques that it developed over the last 7.7 to 9.9 million years. Both the winter roosting burrow and the nesting burrow can be 1.8m in length, while pikas are often used in a loose mutualism to avoid predation by eagles or other raptors.
"Running" rather than flying, performed by these birds involves a charming bouncing movement as they quickly cover ground, then jump into a nearby burrow. Nature Communications publishes the paper on its genome by Yanhua Qu, Professor David Lambert, Sankar Subramanian, et al .They hail from various Beijing Universities, the Swedish Museum of Natural History and Griffiths University, Australia.
After Tibetan antelopes, Pantholops hodgsonii, were investigated as to how they could survive such extremes, it was fairly obvious to look at how an endemic bird could be genetically adapted to such extremes. At beyond 5000m in some cases, the fatty acid metabolism is fitted to the extreme cold. Genetically, the species has developed metabolically and lost some olfactory (smell) and immune responses. Obviously, microorganisms do not do well at these temperatures. And Dr Subramanian notes that, "This could be a consequence of the limited variety of scents to be found in the arid, alpine meadow environment, but that doesn't explain why the yak, a species that also inhabits the Tibetan Plateau, has an increased number of olfactory receptor genes compared with cattle."
The dung of the yak is one reason that the tit survives, providing a food source for the insects on which the ground tit subsists. This means we next have to check how other tit species at lower altitude are adapted in their hypoxia and olfactory sense. The hypoxia responses seem to have evolved rapidly and recently, alongside some skeletal changes, the metabolic adaptation and the lack of olfactory response.
Gansu Province provided the ground tit, while some comparisons were made with other birds such as great tits from Yunnan and the yellow-cheeked tit in Guangxi.
The paper is published in Nature Communications. | <urn:uuid:5cc457d7-402c-4c2e-99c3-1cdf0f39f388> | CC-MAIN-2015-48 | http://www.earthtimes.org/nature/bouncing-bird-toughest-earth/2403/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-48/segments/1448398464536.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20151124205424-00065-ip-10-71-132-137.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961685 | 542 | 3.65625 | 4 |
Co-signing and co-borrowing have their own pros and cons.
What is merit aid?
Merit aid is financial aid given to students based on their academic accomplishments, musical, artistic, or athletic talent, or other special abilities. Merit aid is independent of a student’s financial need, but can be supplemented by student loans and other scholarships.
Merit aid is sometimes offered by colleges and states in order to attract some of the top talent. There are thousands of merit-aid-based scholarships totaling billions of dollars.
Merit aid can make up the difference for the students whose family earns too much to qualify for needs-based financial aid but not enough that college tuition isn’t a significant burden. However, students who can already afford college may also be eligible for merit aid to further supplement their tuition.
Merit aid is frequently awarded on the strength of a student’s scores on standardized tests like the SAT and ACT as well as their grades. But students who have demonstrated excellence in art, athletics, or music are also considered for merit aid, although they may be expected to continue pursuing those interests in college.
Private and nonprofit organizations also frequently offer merit aid, often based on a student’s participation in activities related to the organization’s goals, such as politics or community service.
Ready to start saving for college? Look into a high-yield savings account to start earning interest.
Merit aid example
Jessica is a student who has just completed high school. She received excellent scores on the SAT and was an active participant in many clubs. She was especially skilled in debating and went on to win several debate championships. Thanks to her debating skills, a Washington, D.C.-based think tank offered her merit aid based on her interest in studying politics in school. | <urn:uuid:4eecbe39-9ed8-4655-b284-b83c14f5be20> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.bankrate.com/glossary/m/merit-aid/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178370239.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20210305060756-20210305090756-00149.warc.gz | en | 0.982279 | 369 | 3.078125 | 3 |
The surname of MAJESKI was a Polish and Jewish surname, adopted with reference to the month of May. The name was derived from the Polish MAJ, with the addition of the common surname ending WSKI. Surnames derived from months were often taken, for example by converted Jews to mark the month in which they were converted to Christianity or baptised. In other cases it simply marks the month in which a surname was registered. The earliest Polish surnames were patronymic. The personal names from which they were derived were mainly Slavonic, but as the Middle Ages progressed, traditional Slavic given names, began to give way to saint's names, mainly of Latin origin. Surnames derived from Slavonic personal names are of early origin, and tend to be borne by aristocratic families. The name is also spelt MAJKOWSKI. When traditional Jews were forced to take family names by the local bureaucracy, it was an obligation imposed from outside traditional society, and people often took the names playfully and let their imaginations run wild by choosing names which corresponded to nothing real in their world. No one alive today can remember the times when Jews took or were given family names (for most Ashkenazim this was the end of the 18th century or the beginning of the 19th) although many remember names being changed after emigration to other countries, such as the United States and Israel in recent years. Some names were changed by immigrants whilst on the boat heading for America and Australia. These transformations were usually to names thought by the immigrants to be more respected in his native land than the one he bore. Many Poles added 'ski' to their names to attain a higher social status since such names were accorded more respect from people of Polish extraction. Thus a larger proportion of Polish names carried this termination in America and Australia than in Poland. In the Middle Ages heraldry came into use as a practical matter. It originated in the devices used to distinguish the armoured warriors in tournament and war, and was also placed on seals as marks of identity. As far as records show, true heraldry began in the middle of the 12th century, and appeared almost simultaneously in several countries of Western Europe.
Orders over $90 qualify for Free Shipping within the U.S. (Use coupon code: FREESHIP). | <urn:uuid:ebe40f04-6f74-4223-89e9-700de2c685ca> | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | https://www.4crests.com/majeski-coat-of-arms.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224657735.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20230610164417-20230610194417-00092.warc.gz | en | 0.988451 | 476 | 3.15625 | 3 |
What Is Clomid: How Does Clomid Work, Clomid Side Effects And Is There Any Natural Alternative to Clomid Treatment?
By reading this article you will learn important facts about Clomid, the real truth about Clomid success rate and Clomid side effects and most importantly you will find the answer to this important for you question: is there any alternative to Clomid and what's next if Clomid doesn't work?
What is Clomid and how does Clomid work?
The ovulation is the process of producing a mature egg in your body. Therefore, the Clomid can help you ovulate regularly provided that your ovaries can produce an egg, but this process is being hindered by an existing hormonal deficiency.
Clomid causes your pituitary gland to produce follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) at the right time during your cycle. In turn, these hormones stimulate the production of a mature egg.
Actually, Clomid tricks the mind that the estragon level of your body is too low by not allowing your mind to detect the actual level of estrogen.
As a result, your gland continues to produce follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), which in turn stimulates the production of a mature egg in your body.
However, this success rate only concerns your ability to ovulate and to produce mature eggs.
Since the ovulation is the one small part of the conceiving process and the ovulation by itself does not guarantee that you will be able to conceive the overall success rate of Clomid in terms of achieving a pregnancy is estimated to be around 25% per cycle. Period.
Other important Clomid side effect include:
Attention:Clomid is listed in the FDA pregnancy category X. This means that Clomid may cause birth defects and fetal/neonatal anomalies namely:
....And What's next if clomid doesn't work?
As you know Clomid treats only one part of the
conceiving process – the ovulation.
© TopFertilityTreatment.com 2010 All Rights Reserved | <urn:uuid:20bb2624-076b-4ae1-b6fb-b8e99257d86e> | CC-MAIN-2020-40 | http://www.topfertilitytreatment.com/clomid-success-rate-getting-pregnant.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600401614309.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20200928202758-20200928232758-00410.warc.gz | en | 0.904909 | 446 | 2.578125 | 3 |
A report on the massive and growing emissions from BC’s forests due to destructive logging, beetle outbreaks and climate change-fuelled wildfires. The BC government must begin to properly track and report on forest emissions.
This report shows the BC government is offering subsidies to LNG and fracking companies in the form of tax cuts, royalty credits, and below-cost power. To power this industry, the BC government decided to build the $9 billion Site C earth-fill dam. Taxpayers and BC Hydro ratepayers could be left with the bill for hundreds of millions of dollars per year.
Last updated January 2017
A backgrounder of facts on the Kinder Morgan Trans Mountain pipeline and tankers proposal.
A briefing note outlining the flaws in the NEB’s and Ministerial Panel’s Kinder Morgan review processes.
A briefing note outlining the Kinder Morgan Trans Mountain Pipeline and Tanker proposal.
A new mapping analysis by Sierra Club BC shows almost half the rainforest areas on Vancouver Island and the South coast at high ecological risk due to dangerously low levels of remaining productive old-growth forest.
This document outlines a vision and makes proposals for changing the way we manage B.C.’s waters, lands, and resources in the face of climate change and its accelerating impacts.
This report recommends a fundamental reform of the Environmental Assessment (EA) process for new projects. We recommend that the Province consistently apply a comprehensive “climate test” when assessing projects that could exacerbate climate change. (Blind Spot Backgrounder)
The National Energy Board (NEB) has been widely criticized in its review of the Kinder Morgan pipeline expansion proposal for failures in process, for limiting participation, and for a lack of accountability and fairness. In this report, we detail the deficiencies in the process to date that are giving rise to public criticism and dissatisfaction, and causing some intervenors to withdraw.
For a full decade, B.C. forests have been releasing dramatically more carbon into the atmosphere than they have absorbed out of the atmosphere. B.C.’s forests emitted 256 million tonnes of carbon dioxide during the period 2003 – 2012. In contrast, B.C.’s forests absorbed 441 million tonnes of carbon dioxide from 1993 to 2002.This is the key finding of a Sierra Club BC analysis of B.C. government forest carbon emissions data.
According to new provincial data quietly released on a government website, B.C. forests are now approaching a full decade of releasing carbon rather than absorbing it.
Efforts to protect and restore the ability of our forests to store and sequester carbon must particularly focus on our temperate rainforests that have shown so far to be more resilient to climate impacts than other ecosystems. Increased conservation and improved forest management can help immediately to reduce provincial emissions. In the light of the alarming emission trends and the speed of climate change we can no longer afford to neglect our forests.
Executive summary of the February 2013 report. CPAWS-BC, Headwaters Montana, NPCA, Sierra Club BC, Wildsight and Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative.
Global warming is here, greenhouse gas emissions continue to increase, and climate change impacts appear greater than feared. Despite these alarming trends, here in British Columbia climate policy has lost momentum and the provincial government is not building on its initial steps to fight global warming and reduce emissions in a coherent and adequate manner. (Emissions Impossible Executive Summary)
Labour and environmental movements across Canada have called for a fair and effective price on carbon as one of the tools needed to transition to a low carbon future. As such, we recognize B.C.’s carbon tax as an important step in that direction.
This document is a collaborative, solutions-focused call for Canadian provincial leaders and aboriginal governments to embrace the responsibility and opportunity of developing a bold new energy strategy for Canada
Coal mining threatens Vancouver Island water resources, and the industries that depend on them.
In July 2012, Sierra Club BC’s Forests and Climate campaigner Jens Wieting spoke to the Special Committee on on Timber Supply.
133 experts and scientists have signed a declaration calling for the permanent protection of old–growth rainforests in Clayoquot Sound.
In August 2011, the B.C. government quietly released only a limited set of updated data tables for provincial emissions in 2009. According to the new data, B.C.’s 2009 greenhouse gas emissions were 67 million tonnes of carbon dioxide.
This report considers lessons learned to date from the BC experience, and the next steps required for an effective and equitable carbon pricing strategy. BC’s carbon pricing, while it is a positive first step, has serious flaws (Fair and Effective Carbon Pricing Executive Summary)
Logging practices in B.C.’s coastal rainforests are a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions and must be included in B.C.’s official annual carbon emissions tally, Sierra Club BC said today in a report. This report reveals that B.C.’s official carbon emissions would be 24 per cent higher if emissions from coastal rainforests were included.
Coal was one of Vancouver Island’s earliest industries, and now it is making a dubious come-back. A new coal mine called “Raven” is proposed near Fanny Bay in the scenic Comox Valley.
B.C.’s estuaries hold extraordinary potential for moderating climate change and should be our highest priority for conservation of any marine or terrestrial habitat. This report evaluates the carbon storage potential of two highly-biodiverse marine habitats—salt marsh and seagrass meadow—in the light of a recent discovery of the crucial role of estuarine vegetation in binding carbon.
This paper advocates for a broad approach to managing our publicly-owned forest resources. It invites us to re-imagine forestry in BC, not through the traditional (and opposing) lenses of either maximizing human use, or maximizing protected areas, but rather, with a view towards maximizing carbon storage.
This analysis by the Sierra Club BC mapping department shows how decades of industrial logging have led to a significant decline in the amount of old-growth coverage in coastal rainforest ecosystems, seriously compromising species habitat and carbon storage capacity. (High resolution also available)
Many British Columbians — including those deeply concerned about climate change — harbour concerns about how renewable electricity is currently planned, promoted and developed in BC. We offer six basic recommendations on the direction we think government should take in clean electricity planning and development.
A report based on a review of potential climate change implications of the Great Bear Rainforest Agreements.
In this paper we review current science, from the most credible sources, to help provide an understanding of the basis for, and the scale of, the global warming problem and the kind of contribution BC might make to its solution (Authors Summary)(Appendices)
Joint letter of concern re: GM fish – December 3, 2018
Sierra Club BC letter to municipal candidates re: rainforest action – October 15, 2018
Sierra Club BC letter re: provincial climate targets and support for LNG Canada – September 20, 2018
Sierra Club BC Clean Growth Intentions Papers Submission – August 24, 2018
Sierra Club BC letter re: Klappan Plan – July 30, 2018
Letter to Premier Horgan re: Skagit Valley logging – July 10, 2018
Letter to Minister Conroy re: Columbia River Treaty – May 15, 2018
Sierra Club BC Spill Regulations Submission – May 1, 2018
Sierra Club BC Professional Reliance Review Submission – January 19, 2018
Letter to Premier Horgan and cabinet re: Site C decision – October 30, 2017
Open Statement on NAFTA – September 26, 2017
Submission to British Columbia Utilities Commission regarding Site C dam – August 30, 2017
Letter to Premier Clark re: the need for a Cave Protection Act – February 9, 2017
Submission to federal Environmental Assessment Review – December 13, 2016
Joint letter to Premier Clark regarding diluted bitumen spills – October 5, 2016
Letter to Premier Clark Re: Site C Impacts – May 2016
Submission on Ajax to Stk’emlupsemc te Secwepemc Nation – April 5, 2016
Northern Goshawk & Marbled Murrelet BC Recovery Strategy Submission – March 25, 2016
Climate Leadership Team submission – March 24, 2016
Obama Trudeau State Dinner Letter from Flathead Wild – Feb. 22, 2016
Letter to Minister Tootoo re SRKW action plan delay – Feb. 15 2016
Nothing Clean About Site C Dam – Feb. 11, 2016
Joint Letter to Min. Garneau re. Oil by Rail – Feb. 9, 2016
Open Letter on Climate Change to B.C. Premier Christy Clark – Jan. 11, 2016
Declaration to Keep Fossil Fuels in the Ground – Dec. 2, 2015
Joint Letter to PM Trudeau about Kinder Morgan – Nov 12, 2015
Open Letters to Federal Leaders Regarding Climate Test – Sept 14, 2015
Open Letter to Christy Clark re. B.C’s Climate Action Plan – June 18, 2015
An open letter to all British Columbia MPs and MLAs regarding Pull Together – February 6, 2015
Climate Change Maps
(See more recent maps here) | <urn:uuid:8c0c7475-f493-423e-a4cf-6fc9eaed7219> | CC-MAIN-2019-09 | https://sierraclub.bc.ca/resources/publications/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-09/segments/1550247484648.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20190218033722-20190218055722-00132.warc.gz | en | 0.9074 | 1,925 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Uniform Resource Locator (URL) has two meanings. URL is a synonym for Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) and most people will use URL instead of URI.
URI, which makes more sense than the popular URL, is a global identifier for the World Wide Web. In its current strict technical meaning, a URL is a URI that, “in addition to identifying a resource, [provides] a means of locating the resource by describing its primary access mechanism (e.g., its network ‘location’).
A URL is written into your favorite Web Browser in the address bar like this: | <urn:uuid:fc1c3f57-edbe-4254-bbc8-c99c2d32a366> | CC-MAIN-2016-50 | http://www.afterdawn.com/glossary/term.cfm/url | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-50/segments/1480698541140.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20161202170901-00421-ip-10-31-129-80.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926141 | 126 | 3.390625 | 3 |
An exorcist is an extinct office within the minor orders of clergy. The primary duty of exorcists was as the instructor of catechumens, whose entrance into the catechumenate was accompanied by an exorcism, ridding them of any demonic presence that may affect them. An exorcist may also have been called upon in other instances requiring an exorcism, such as the suspicion of demonic possession of a person or location.
The exorcism of catechumens has subsequently been conflated into the rite of baptism and is usually performed by the priest or bishop celebrating the baptism. Since the fourth century, the functions and ministry of the exorcist have been subsumed by the presbyter.
| This article forms part of the series | <urn:uuid:f6d17ca1-bcba-4a69-abea-ce5dcc0f8e33> | CC-MAIN-2015-11 | http://orthodoxwiki.org/index.php?title=Exorcist&oldid=87509 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-11/segments/1424936465693.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20150226074105-00106-ip-10-28-5-156.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97236 | 150 | 3.046875 | 3 |
If you think you have a foodborne illness do if you think you have a foodborne illness do these things 1 seek medical attention 2 practice good hygiene 3 prevent dehydration 4 request laboratory testing h7 infection, taking antibiotics can lead to a more severe syndrome 4 request. State health department advisory on drug-resistant staph infections state health department advisory on drug-resistant staph infections albany, ny (october 18, 2007) steps people can take to prevent infection include. For example, if new cases are continuing to occur and there are steps that can be taken to control the outbreak and prevent more cases, then certainly control and prevention measures would take top priority step 1: prepare for the investigation. Following are steps you can take to protect your family practice meticulous personal hygiene in order to prevent future severe outbreaks an effective surveillance network called pulsenet was developed and prevent further outbreaks from occurring. Guidance for schools and student athletes about community-associated staphylococcus aureus (ca-mrsa) has received increasing reports of both outbreaks and sporadic cases of ca-mrsa care must be taken to maintain the confidentiality of students to avoid stigmatization and. Outbreaks: protecting the outbreaks: protecting americans from infectious diseases report finds the nation's ability to prevent and control infectious disease outbreaks are hampered by outdated systems and limited resources more than 11 million americans are living with hiv/aids. S aureus can produce nine types of toxins that are frequently responsible for foodborne illness outbreaks worldwide staphylococcus enterotoxins the following best practices can help prevent staphylococcal 35% more calcium, and 10 times more iron palatable—can 80% of the world's.
Know the steps of an outbreak investigation 3 develop strategies to prevent future outbreaks • evaluate existing prevention strategies • describe new diseases and learn more about known diseases • address • balance between preventing further disease and protecting credibility. Abstract outbreak investigations, an important and challenging component of epidemiology and public health, can help identify the source of ongoing outbreaks and prevent additional cases. What steps can be taken to prevent further outbreaks of salmonella essays and research papers what steps can be taken to prevent further outbreaks of salmonella foodborne illness: salmonella staphylococcus clostridium perfringens norovirus. How to prevent chickenpox chickenpox is a highly contagious disease caused by the varicella zoster virus the symptoms include fever and an itchy, blister-like rash in rare cases, more. Half of mrsa sufferers can't stop their infections while treatments are important, a broader approach works best against these stubborn infections.
'oilfield safety: mrsa/staph & infection prevention for oil industry' prevent an outbreak at your workplace • discuss ways to prevent an outbreak of an infection • describe additional steps you can take to prevent infection moxie media, inc | new orleans. Bacterial food poisoning al b wagner more than 90 percent of the cases of food poisoning each year are caused by staphylococcus aureus, salmonella, clostridium perfringens, campylobacter follow these steps to prevent food poisoning.
Chapter 3: steps in investigating an outbreak section one: further action if necessary) on every complaint receive d ensure that appropriate control measures have been implemented to prevent future outbreaks. Staph infections — comprehensive overview covers symptoms, causes and many varieties have become resistant to one or more antibiotics for example interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect. Proactive steps for preventing community-wide outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis transmission of this approach allows a more rapid implementation of control proactive steps that can be taken to prevent community-wide outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis are described.
Changing the environment in your body is a process and can take some time and patience a cut or scrape or eating more sugar than usual can all trigger another outbreak if your immune system is already compromised 3 reasons why treatments alone unless steps are taken to address. Preventing the spread of mrsa renewed efforts by federal and state health officials and others to educate the public about the relatively simple steps that can be taken to prevent its some particularly pro-active school systems are going even further in their efforts to prevent the. What steps can be taken to prevent further outbreaks staphylococcus clostridium perfringens norovirus (formerly norwalk virus) hepatitis a giardia or amoeba parasites address the following in your paper: what steps can be taken to prevent further outbreaks.
Staphylococcus aureus and staph infections this will contain essential vitamins and minerals which need to be replaced to prevent the risk of dehydration there are a few steps you can take to reduce the chance of you being the next staph food poisoning statistic. Even with all of the steps that can be taken to keep below are eleven steps to prevent salmonella salmonella is a bacteria that frequently is carried by amphibians like no leaving until later because the bacteria can hide in cracks and sponges making it more difficult to. Any skin sore or ulcer that has these signs may be developing cellulitis if the staph infection spreads, the person may develop a fever, sometimes with but doctors need to know when to use them to prevent further antibiotic you can take steps to help prevent staph infections. You can prevent foodborne illness • take only foods that can be kept at a safe tem- caused outbreaks • staphylococcus aureus or staph bacteria occur normally on human skin and in the nose and throat these bacteria can be transmit. 10 tips to prevent infections how to reduce your risk of infectious diseases microbes thrive on virtually all food items, and more so on foods left at room temperature a bird flu outbreak in asia may make you think twice about a trip you were planning.
Reducing mrsa infections: staying one step ahead icus are the most common site of infectious outbreaks, but mrsa can show up just about anywhere in hospitals today, mrsa accounts for more than 60 percent of staph infections. Step 1: mrsa is internal literally staphylococcus aureus has become a very serious, even life-threatening infection putting the pieces together, inc is a participant in the amazon services llc associates program. You can take steps to help prevent staph infections any time you have a cut or skin breakdown, wash it with soap and water, keep it clean and dry. The truth behind staph infections and how to prevent them â there are a number of steps that athletes and coaches can take to help prevent this risk of outbreak in their programs,â kyle harris more than 30 percent of the. | <urn:uuid:4f983312-0c28-4ca3-b5d9-410e12004232> | CC-MAIN-2018-34 | http://pstermpaperddga.skylinechurch.us/what-steps-can-be-taken-to-prevent-further-staphylococcus-outbreaks.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-34/segments/1534221219109.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20180821210655-20180821230655-00593.warc.gz | en | 0.931094 | 1,374 | 2.625 | 3 |
Posted October 30, 2016
Today we celebrate an Indian historian who was born on this date in 1932.
Barun De was a senior professor, an editor, and an academic in a variety of organizations and universities. He was the founder and director of the Centre for Studies in Social Sciences in Calcutta, and he served as member and chairman for museums and heritage conservation committees.
He researched in particular the colonial conquest of India and the national movement that ended India's time as a British colony.
Indian history is, of course, long and complex. The Indus Valley is famous for early civilizations, and a lot of impactful world religions got their start in India. Inventions of everything from rulers to shampoo (the word shampoo is derived from a Hindustani word!); from chess to Pachisi; from the spinning wheel to fabrics such as calico, chintz, and muslin; from yoga to zero – many aspects of our world were first invented, discovered, or used in India.
Barun De was born in Bengal. This region is mostly a low-lying river delta system that has been partitioned into different nations – Bangladesh (once East Pakistan) to the east and India to the west. The portions of Bengal that are in India make up the state that has been called West Bengal for years – but apparently has been newly renamed Bengal. The capital city of that state is Kolkata (once called Calcutta) – and that is the city where De was born, where he died, and where he studied and worked and lived most of his 80 years.
|Kolkata is a mix of serene and frenetic busy-ness.|
Check out Kolkata:
Kolkata is even more a blend of past and present than most cities. The hand-pulled rickshaw is associated in many people's minds with the city – but it is also associated with cruelty to the rickshawwallahs. Apparently they are being replaced with battery-operated modern vehicles.
The widest tree in the world in the Great Banyan Tree in Kolkata's botanic gardens. Strangely, it still lives and grows, even though it no longer has a trunk! Check it out!
Kolkata has a lot of “biggest in the world” / “largest in India” / “biggest in Asia” bragging rights. One of the ones that interests me the most is the fact that its book fair is the world's largest non-trade book fair, and it is the most-attended book fair in the world, as well. It is recognized as the world's third-largest conglomeration of books, and it is Asia's largest book fair.
In other book-lover's-paradise news, Kolkata's College Street is often called the world's second largest second-hand book market in the world.
Also on this date:
Check out my Pinterest boards for: | <urn:uuid:4b0816fb-1c0d-4dbf-9ccc-11750acb3967> | CC-MAIN-2017-51 | http://every-day-is-special.blogspot.com/2016/10/october-30-happy-birthday-barun-de.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-51/segments/1512948587496.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20171216084601-20171216110601-00703.warc.gz | en | 0.979078 | 615 | 3.171875 | 3 |
One common source of stress is not being heard. This takes form in many ways but the outcome is often similar: a blow to morale. What’s the next step past that initial sting? Below are words, actions, and lifestyle strategies following the biological breakdown of how to you use your voice when no one is listening.
It’s that time of year when we get together to celebrate a milestone birthday in the family. I’m the little sister to two siblings but I’m also forty-three. Active listening wasn’t a skill we were taught by our parents, so the relational dynamics weigh to the side of pecking order verses as adults with commonalities when we engage in conversation. This is a classic ‘Iceberg Effect’.
According to the iceberg metaphor our state of health is what people are open to experiencing.
On a day, year, or decade timeline only a small part of our lifestyle is witnessed. Therefore, people only get a slight view to one’s perceived state of health.
The motivational level to one’s state of health is secluded. It may include only those who dwell or are invited to be a part of that health aspect.
The meaning realm is one’s soul. It’s the most intimate interpersonal relationship between health, body, and mind.
Active listening is a learned skill.
Our state of health improves with listening. Our behaviors, psychological, and spiritual core resolve the degree of difficulty to becoming an active listener. Our response is active listening.
How you use your voice when no one is listening reveals your state of health.
WORDS ARE A VOTE
“Good listeners overcome their natural inclination to fix the other’s problems and to keep the conversation brief.” DR GRAHAM D BODIE
Listening responses are a key vote of awareness. It affirms trust, honor, and respect within what’s being communicated. This didn’t come naturally for me and I still need to improve this skill. Family reunions with weeks of living together is a great lab-space for practice.
Pick one or two of the sixteen listening responses below to practice. Add another as you improve.
- RESTATING Frequently repeating what you believed to hear through paraphrasing. “To be sure I’m understanding…”
- SUMMARINZING Identifying the key points to ensure correct understanding. “So it sounds like…”
- MINIMAL ENCOURAGERS Verbal prompts to reassure you’re following along. “Oh?” “I understand.”
- REFLECTING A response that identifies the feelings shared. “It sounds frightful for you…”
- GIVING FEEBACK Sharing your first impression of a matter, including observations and experiences, confirmed by listening to their response.
- EMOTION LABELING Objectify what’s heard by identifying their feelings. “The tone of your voice shows the amount of anger you have.”
- PROBING Questions may draw deeper insight. “Why do you believe there are…”
- VALIDATION A genuine response that validates the information shared. “I’m encouraged that you…”
- EFFECTIVE PAUSE This emphasizes relevant points with silence to affirm the importance of what was said.
- SILENCE Quiet moments slow the pace of conversation, diffuses pointless chatter. It provides time to think between talking.
- “I” MESSAGES ‘I’ statements center conversation on the problem, addressing your feelings verses them. “What you have to say is important to me but I need to…”
- REDIRECTING Direct attention to a new topic when a conversation becomes inappropriate.
- CONSEQUENCES Draw light on potential issues of inaction with a fact shared but posed as a possible consequence. “Where did that end in your last attempt?”
Communication blockers are a key vote to avoidance. It affirms emotional and psychological weakness to endure what’s being communicated. One of these have a tendency to come out when I’m disengaged, exhausted, or emotionally weak.
Which blocker below have you used?
- Asking ‘Why’
- Quick verbal reassurance
- Digging for information
ACTIONS SPEAK LOUDER
When I’m with my siblings I often remain quiet. One may see this as a cop-out (behavior level of the Iceberg Effect) but I’ve learned it’s safest for me (spiritual level).
Being heard is as relevant as being seen attending to the conversation. Remain in the same space with body and facial language engaged in the conversation.
Begin a brief self-observation from head to toe. It takes 3 seconds to do this brief check-in with the body before beginning a conversation:
- Suitable environment for content of conversation
- Suitable furnishings for comfort and length of time of conversation
- Eye contact free from distraction
- In proximity to clearly hear what’s spoken
- Slight smile
- Shoulders and upper body facing the primary speaker
- Arms open in a receiving posture
- Hips and toes facing the primary speaker
In circumstance where someone is exerting power or control over you, take a stand. Act towards what is safest for your psychological and spiritual levels (back to the Iceberg Effect).
Seek legal or professional help.
THE PRIMARY DIALOGUE
“Then, amazingly, after about a minute of focused breathing, I found the mental and physical strength to figure out a new climbing route and make it to the top. For me, this was a great lesson in ‘taking a breather when things get tough.'” LEIGH STRINGER
If you’re pointing a finger at someone(s) it’s time to turn the finger around. It’s your voice, your body, your responsibility.
Yes…it may be a fact you’re not being heard or given time to express your self. In those moments check in by observing your body, mind, and surroundings. Make the adjustments necessary to support longevity of your state of health.
- Rapid heart rate?
- Holding your breath?
- Visceral response…nausea or headache?
- Are your thoughts positive or negative about you?
- Are your thoughts positive or negative about who you’re listening to?
- Does this person have power over you?
- Is this person controlling you?
- Are you physically positioned to be engaged in the conversation?
- Do you desire to be engaged in the conversation?
Not being heard may sting but there are words, actions, and self-preparation strategies to boost morale. The top of the iceberg is visible to all. With it is the mystery of what’s below the surface.
Compassion moves voices and active listening into deeper waters. | <urn:uuid:1b1c0c8d-d8ed-4388-932d-b23375fd815c> | CC-MAIN-2017-34 | http://old.gigdesign.me/use-voice-no-one-listening/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-34/segments/1502886106865.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170820170023-20170820190023-00194.warc.gz | en | 0.922481 | 1,480 | 2.859375 | 3 |
Due to global warming, arctic has been warming twice as fast as the global average. As shown in the figure below, scientists from Arctic Institute even projected that there will be ice-free summers in North Pole as early as 2030.
Projection of Melting of Arctic Ice
In the midst of prevalent concerns over global climate impacts of dramatic melting of arctic ice, shipping industries in the countries that border the Arctic Circle has discovered new business opportunities for trans-Arctic shipping, anticipating how climate change is opening up Northern sea route all-year-around. Arctic shipping can contribute to vitalize oil trading by bringing Asia closer to Europe while saving significant amount of transit times and fuel costs. The melting Artic ice would also eliminate vessels’ need of having an escort of nuclear icebreakers, which also saves a great deal of cost for the shipping companies . Embarking on pioneering trans-Arctic shipping, Sovcomflot, the Russia’s state-owned shipping firm, successfully set the world record on March 30, 2017 when its vessel, Christophe de Margerie, has travelled through the Northern sea route in record speed and without an icebreaker escort for the first time.
Northern sea route saved about 30% of transit times compared to the transit times using the conventional southern shipping route through the Suez Canal.
Christophe de Margerie was a prototype that Sovcomflot built as the company began serving the Yamal LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) project, an integrated project for natural gas production on Yamal Peninsula, liquefaction and marketing that involves Novatek, Total, CNPC and the Silk Road Fund as shareholders. As oil and gas productions from many of Siberian fields are growing old, oil and gas exploration in the Arctic have appeared promising to Russia who is heavily dependent on oil and gas exports. Sovcomflot’s two main objectives were to deliver gas from a new $27m facility on the Yamal Peninsula and to enter Arctic shipping as a first mover while taking advantage of the diminishing Arctic sea ice.
In order to pioneer trans-Arctic shipping, Sovcomflot’s short-term commitment for this project was to design the vessels so they can transport LNG all year round. Sovcomflot optimized the specification of its prototype vessel with enhanced hull and reinforced propellers, enabling the vessel to sail independently through ice up to 2.1 m thick. This new enhanced design powered Christophe de Margerie to pass along the Northern Sea Route all year round, extending the navigation window for the northern sea route from four months with an expensive icebreaker during summer to all year round in a westerly direction.
Additionally, Sovcomflot’s mid-term commitment is to construct a series of 15 shipping vessels for the Yamal LNG project, following the remarkable success of its prototype, Christophe de Margerie . In preparation of Yamal plant reaching its full capacity, Novatek, one of stakeholders for Yamal project, is currently evaluating whether to build another LNG plant, Arctic LNG-2, with capacity comparable to Yamal or higher and first production in around 2023.
For Sovcomflot to sustain operational excellence over time, I would recommend the company thoroughly assess possible risks of entering Arctic shipping. There are two risks that I suggest Sovcomflot to address: adverse ecological impact of increased traffic in Northern sea route and environmental impact of possible issues caused by leaky engine and emission gases. According to environmentalists, possible adverse impact of increased ship traffic in Arctic’s ecology has not been fully understood . I strongly recommend the company invest in long-term study to closely monitor any possible disruptions for wildlife such as walruses and whales as shipping traffic continues to increase. I also strongly urge the company to evaluate its current preventive measure of oil leaks from the engine and improve mechanical design of the engine to mitigate the risk. Although expedited shipping speed from the application of Arctic shipping can significantly reduce emission of carbon dioxide, the company needs to make sure to eliminate any risk of incomplete combustion of fuel that can eventually contribute to a significant portion of the region’s ice melting by depositing black carbon on ice and snow.
According to Simon Boxall, an oceanographer at the University of Southampton, dramatic melting of Arctic ice is unlikely to be reversed even if greenhouse emissions stopped tomorrow. However, is it safe for Sovcomflot to make a significant up-front investment in vessel construction, taking advantage of acceleration in the loss of Arctic ice? Or should Sovcomflot be prepared to modify its level of commitment on LNG project in anticipation of new shipping laws addressing navigational safety and global warming, possibly imposed by international organizations such as International Maritime Organization (IMO)?
Word count: 779
“Climate Change.” The Arctic Institute. https://www.thearcticinstitute.org/projects/climate-change/
Carrington, Damian. “Arctic ice falls to record winter low after polar ‘heatwaves’” The Guardian. 22 March. 2017. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/mar/22/arctic-ice-falls-record-winter-low-polar-heatwaves
Barkham, Patrick. “Russian tanker sails through Arctic without icebreaker for first time” The Guardian. 24 August. 2017. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/aug/24/russian-tanker-sails-arctic-without-icebreaker-first-time
“Yamal LNG (Russia).” SCF. Sovcomflot, http://sovcomflot.ru/en/fleet/business_scope/projects/item1658.html
Astakhova, Olesya. “Russian tanker forges path for Arctic shipping super-highway.” Reuters. 30 March. 2017. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-novatek-lng-putin/russian-tanker-forges-path-for-arctic-shipping-super-highway-idUSKBN1712K6
Dasgupta, Soumyajit. “How the ice melting in the Arctic has affected the shipping industry?” Marine Insight. 21 July. 2017. https://www.marineinsight.com/environment/how-the-ice-melting-in-the-arctic-has-affected-the-shipping-industry/ | <urn:uuid:39b27790-cded-460e-982a-87dd59dcae52> | CC-MAIN-2019-47 | https://digital.hbs.edu/platform-rctom/submission/is-global-warming-always-bad-news-arctic-shipping-industry-proves-otherwise/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-47/segments/1573496668772.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20191116231644-20191117015644-00106.warc.gz | en | 0.917115 | 1,356 | 2.8125 | 3 |
By Kaleena Fraga
The Washington Monument. The Jefferson Memorial. Washington D.C. is dotted with such landmarks testifying to the importance of America’s early presidents. But there is one founding father conspicuously absent from D.C.’s memorial scene–the nation’s second president, John Adams.
Even in life, Adams worried about his place in American history. In a letter to Thomas Jefferson written in 1815, after both of their presidencies had ended, Adams wrote:
“The essence of the whole will be that Dr Franklin’s electric rod smote the earth and out sprang General Washington. Then Franklin electrified him, and thence forward those two conducted all the Policy, Negotiations, Legislations, and War.”
George Washington, he predicted, and Benjamin Franklin, would be celebrated while he, John Adams, faded away into oblivion.
A few years later, the question of Adams’ place in American memory continued to gnaw at him. On top of being forgotten, Adams worried that he would be misremembered. He lamented,
“Mausoleums, Statues, Monuments will never be erected to me. I wish them not——Panegyrical Romances, will never be written, nor flattering Orations pronounced to transmit my Character to Posterity in glorious Colours. No nor in true Colours neither.”
Adams is perhaps overshadowed in American history by the presidents whose administrations bookended his one term in office–George Washington, as the nation’s first president, and Thomas Jefferson, who called his own election “the revolution of 1800.” Yet Adams played a crucial role in the nation’s founding, no less so than either Jefferson or Washington.
One of the only founding fathers who did not own slaves, Adams participated in the Continental Congress, helped draft the Declaration of Independence, served as the nation’s first vice president, and as the nation’s second president. He was a determined advocate for the Declaration of Independence, passionately defending it while the quieter Jefferson preferred to listen and watch. Although his maneuvering to avoid war with France during his one-term in office made him unpopular–and his infamous Alien & Sedition Acts even more so–Adams once grumbled:
“I will defend my Missions to France as long as I have an Eye to direct my hand or a finger to hold my pen. They were the most disinterested And meritorious Actions of my Life. I reflect upon them with So much satisfaction that I desire No other Inscription on my Grave Stone than “Here lies John Adams who took upon himself the Responsibility of the Peace with France in the Year 1800.”
Recently, the House of Representatives took concrete steps to establish such an Adams memorial, after years of lobbying by the Adams’ family and their foundation, the Adams Memorial Foundation. Previous attempts to organize a memorial for Adams failed over indecision over the location, running into certain laws that prohibit construction on the Mall or Tidal Basin, the kind of places most of Adams’ proponents would like to see his likeness.
In July 2018 the House passed a bill that would “establish a commission to plan, fundraise and build a memorial to the country’s second president.” The bill’s sponsor, Stephen F. Lynch, who represents the district where Adams was born, Braintree, Massachusetts, believes that the entire Adams’ family deserves to be honored.
“John Adams’ legacy was instilled through his entire family,” Lynch said. “John’s wife Abigail is known as an advocate for women’s rights and his son, John Quincy Adams, later served as our nation’s sixth president.”
John Adams worried that he and his accomplishments would be forgotten. With the passage of the House bill, perhaps the second president will finally get the recognition that he deserves. | <urn:uuid:26a03702-7117-4592-bfe3-e7b3d4c9bf4d> | CC-MAIN-2020-40 | https://history-first.com/2018/08/02/the-case-of-the-missing-monument-john-adams-and-historical-memory/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400202686.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20200922000730-20200922030730-00761.warc.gz | en | 0.970098 | 823 | 2.953125 | 3 |
Night is supposed to be a period of rest and restoration – but for many of us, this simply isn’t the case. Our new study of European couples has found the daily demands of family for women, and work for men, decreases sleep quality.
Women are more likely to have their sleep disrupted by children and family obligations, while men’s sleep is affected by workplace demands, including worrying about their household finances or being unemployed.
Luckily, there is hope – living in a country with more gender equality results in better sleep for couples.
Sleep and gender
Any parent of an infant can tell you that the phrase “sleep like a baby” was clearly invented by someone without children. Infants in particular are highly disruptive to parents’ sleep, thanks to their tiny stomachs, insatiable hunger and exponential growth. Yet even as children age, their nighttime demands continue to disrupt parents’ sleep.
Generally, men view sleep as a way to recover and prepare for work, while female caregivers view the night as an extension of their daytime obligations to family members.
Mothers are more likely to be called to comfort young children in the middle of the night and bring them back to bed. Mothers of teenagers are also more likely than fathers to stay up at night worrying about children’s safety or waiting for children to return home after curfews.
Men also experience disrupted sleep, usually due to work and finance stress. A study of working class American couples showed men who report problems getting or staying asleep at night were concerned about the next day’s work and how their pay affected the family finances.
Within these couples, men’s breadwinner status and their greater contribution to family finances were used as justification by both partners to protect men’s sleep over women’s. Men were seen to have a greater right to restful sleep than women, given their need to “be at their best” for work the next day.
This is not to say that female employees are immune to the disruption of work on sleep. All workers, regardless of gender, report that spending more time in work results in less time sleeping. Full-time workers who felt upset or bothered at work also reported poorer sleep, as did and workers with less control and more demands at work, regardless of gender.
The role of country context
Before we all give up or go take a nap, our study offers some hope about mitigating gender differences in sleep.
Surveying 14,143 partnered people from 23 European countries, results showed in 22 of the 23 countries, more women than men reported their sleep was restless in the prior week.
Women’s sleep was disrupted by children under five, and men reported more restless sleep if they were dissatisfied by their family’s finances. For both men and women, working a stressful job disrupted sleep. But, everyone slept better in more gender equal societies.
Women in gender-equal societies have more equal divisions of housework, and men take a more active role in childcare. Living in a broader context of equality translates into more restful sleep for women. For men, living in a more gender equal context offers a host of benefits including men reporting better health and happiness . And, as our study showed, men slept better, too.
As more families balance work and family demands, who gets the right to restful and restorative sleep is increasingly important. Gender, an important organiser of our daytime lives, also plays a crucial role in who gets up comfort the baby and whose sleep is disrupted worrying about family finances.
Societies that are more effective in equalising economic and political gender relations have citizens who sleep better. Since sleep is an integral dimension to health and wellbeing, the economic, health and social benefit to being well-rested cannot be understated. So, let’s work together to get to bed. | <urn:uuid:a3773274-9d8c-42da-8a85-82a9a02031ae> | CC-MAIN-2019-47 | https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/07/why-couples-sleep-better-in-more-gender-equal-societies | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-47/segments/1573496667177.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20191113090217-20191113114217-00229.warc.gz | en | 0.976433 | 797 | 2.796875 | 3 |
A music score can go through many different versions. First the composer writes it, then the copyist may change it a bit, and then the printer may change it further. Or, the composer might create a slightly different score for different performances, as is the case with Handel’s Messiah.
When BarFinder was born, its goal was to create an easy way to line up all the different versions of a music score. A group with the University of Paderborn in Germany wanted to compare all the editions from one composer’s work. If one version has a note F where all the others have an F-sharp, the way to pinpoint the odd one out would be by lining up the bars in the score—which, until BarFinder, would be done manually.
BarFinder specializes in finding barlines automatically. The project uses an open-source image-processing algorithm that extracts the position of barlines on a music score. The user inputs the image, and BarFinder deduces the number and position of measures on the page. BarFinder uses Optical Music Recognition, or OMR, to recognize the measures, and encodes all extracted data using the Music Encoding Initiative (MEI). Readers may be familiar with the technology’s textual counterparts: Optical Character Recognition (OCR), and the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI).
As can be seen in the above image, which shows the steps in the image processing, the computer-recognized measures appear in red.
Besides the original use of comparing editions, there are many broader uses for BarFinder within the area of digitized music. BarFinder facilitates multimodal music presentation and the navigation of music catalogues, and enables, for example, synchronized score reading and playback. With the automatic recognition of the positions of all measures on the page, searching for any element becomes simpler.
BarFinder is one of the many projects under Principal Investigator Dr. Ichiro Fujinaga (Associate Professor of Music Technology, Schulich School of Music, McGill) that uses OMR to improve the searchability of digitized music. The project is funded, in part, by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council and the University of Paderborn.
To experiment with searchable digitized music files, have a look at the Liber Usualis: http://ddmal.music.mcgill.ca/liber/ | <urn:uuid:f0ec12ee-c7b6-452a-94b6-f9c76ad8a218> | CC-MAIN-2020-34 | https://digihum.mcgill.ca/blog/2013/08/13/barfinder-search-music-measure-by-measure/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439737233.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20200807231820-20200808021820-00191.warc.gz | en | 0.903825 | 500 | 3.109375 | 3 |
An interesting article on social media influencers discusses what are the forces that drive businesses and decision-making . A team of Economists and Scientific researchers carried out a clinical study on what factors influence people’s behavior in the decision making process. They reached the conclusion that though people understand the vagaries of their nature, they are unable to predict what motivates them to take a decision.
The article further elaborates on what constitutes common sense and how it helps people in making practical day-to-day decisions. It however does not help them in dealing with complex situations. For instance, they can’t design a marketing campaign on plain common sense.
Another interesting point made in the article concerns, what kind of people influence social media and consumer decision. An earlier hypothesis claimed that extraordinary people with great social connections and clout, are the ones who influence mass behavior. The writer of the article however begs to differ. He says what influences people today is not that easy to gauge. What makes ideas go viral and what makes people accept your suggestion, often relates to how receptive your target audience is.
The study offered an interesting conclusion; though social media influencers do impact their network, what really influences a group is-- people who influence, are networking with those who are easily influenced, and are working with them too. In other words, if you want to influence people, you have to nurture your network.
A case study of Twitter users also offered an interesting suggestion. While, well-connected people who have massive fan following, do get retweeted; the maximum retweets were based on the subject, the timing and topic of the tweet.
Are you active on social media? Do you consider yourself as an influencer in your network and what according to you makes people repost your status updates or retweet your tweets? | <urn:uuid:acaac65d-9535-4716-9b40-009521a34bd4> | CC-MAIN-2017-51 | http://layabajpai.blogspot.com/2011/05/social-media-influencers.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-51/segments/1512948596051.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20171217132751-20171217154751-00430.warc.gz | en | 0.96314 | 370 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Search BIBLE IN SONG
Hear the Bible COME ALIVE IN SONG!
Book of Psalms
King James Version
1 Blessed is the man that walketh not in the counsel of the ungodly, nor standeth in the way of sinners, nor sitteth in the seat of the scornful.
1 The Book of Psalms opens with a benediction, even as did the famous Sermon of our Lord upon the Mount.3 The Hebrew word 'ashre is sometimes translated in the Psalms as blessed and other times happy. Happiness comprehends material and spiritual blessings, both which come as a result of following God's way.The word blessed used in the beatitudes in the Sermon on the Mount is a translation of the same word. The godly man's life is first described in negatives. He avoids associating with evildoers, such as those who lack moral fibre and wilfully and persistently violate God's commands. He will not be found in the company of those who deliberately choose evil and find pleasure in exercising their baleful influence on others.2
2 The life of the godly is now described by positives. The godly man finds constant pleasure in reflecting on God's law. His study of God's law is habitual and regular; it is not tedious. There is no better way to fill the hours of a sleepless night than by meditating on God's word.2
3 In the figure of fruit bearing tree (not merely an ornamental tree) the psalmist shows the results of the godly life. The godly is blessed in three ways. First he lives a useful life, producing the fruits of the spirit. Secondly he is perennially fresh and vigorous. And thirdly he ultimately succeeds in his endeavours. As the tree is rooted in the solid earth and draws its moisture from the ever-flowing stream, so the godly man sends his roots and derives sustenance from the water springs of salvation. He is steadfast, fixed and anchored. Thus, though he may be assailed by trouble and temptation, he stands firm; and the greater the trial, the deeper the root, and the stronger his hold on God. In whatever enterprise the good man engages, he prospers. Regardless of the success or failure of the undertaking, his trust in God empowers him to draw life from the eternal Source and ultimately to reach his goal.2
5 In the day of judgment the wicked will be separated from the righteous at the end of their respective ways.2
6 God concerns Himself with the righteous. Therefore, they prosper. The last verse of the psalm gives the final reason for the different endings of the two ways. Since God knows, He discriminates, and He approves or condemns according to the eternal standards.2
1. King James Authorized Version
2. SDA Bible Commentary Vol. 3 pgs. 630-632
3. Charles H. Spurgeon, "The Treasury of David" - http://bible. crosswalk.com/ Commentaries
4. Greg Herrick , Ph.D. Biblical Studies Foundation - www.bible.org /docs/ splife/ sm-niv/sm03 .htm | <urn:uuid:884e6fa3-82ba-4917-ae11-bed87f0bb9a6> | CC-MAIN-2017-17 | http://bibleinsong.com/Song_Pages/Psalms/Psalm1/Psalm1.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917121778.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031201-00051-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940846 | 664 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Here are four principles of biblical stewardship to help us begin to think about whole-life stewardship the principle of responsibility christian stewards are workers in the vineyard of our lord jesus christ who confess him as lord and personal savior. Dissonance between personal and professional values: ethical principles that guide social workers' professional behaviors these core values personal feminist values and social work values that compelled a social worker (ec. 155 work and personal responsibility chapter 27 work is an eternal principle • what experiences have you had that have shown you the impor-tance of work. Mental health counselors help people deal with complex, challenging and personal issues because the nature of the profession puts counselors in a position to know the most intimate details of a client's life, the ethical responsibilities and concerns of a counselor can be especially complicated and difficult to.
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Individual rights and community responsibilities all the amendments reflect the t close ties between personal freedom and democracy as versioned by the founding fathers' generation solidarity is the principle of people having responsibilities not only to themselves. Personal responsibility or individual responsibility is the idea that human beings choose, instigate frank chodorov, fugitive essays (1946) public bodies feel no personal responsibility, and give full play to intrigue and cabal. Statement on signing the personal responsibility and work opportunity reconciliation act of 1996 this act honors my basic principles of real welfare reform william j clinton: statement on signing the personal responsibility and work opportunity reconciliation act of 1996. Professional ethical principles and practice standards reinforce respect of diverse characteristics and seek professional assistance in instances where personal problems interfere seek clear written communication of their duties and responsibilities, including those that are.
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Iq level 2 certificate in principles of business and administration (qcf) specification qualification no: principles of personal responsibilities and working in a business environment l/601/7638 principles of personal responsibilities and working. His work is to bring to pass the immortality and eternal life of man (moses 1:39) (gospel principles, work and personal responsibility) q why does god command us to work q what are some dangers of parents allowing their children to avoid the responsibility to work. 7 steps to writing an effective job description 1 o when a job is performed by multiple fte, incorporate the principle elements into a single generic job description and avoid specifying minor differences in the way the work might be. 12 bap21 principles of personal responsibilities and working in a business environment level: 2 credit value: 4 unit aims the purpose of this unit is to provide learners with the knowledge and understanding of employment. They work to ensure the principle of consistency proposes that the distinction of some versus others should reflect genuine aspects of personal information consortium, university of colorado, boulder posted: july 2003 essay/principles-of. 【analyse the main health and safety responsibilities】essay example you can get this essay free or hire a writer get a+ for your essay with studymoose ⭐ a lot of free essay samples on values and principles from 'investing for health and safety responsibilities at work. The employee accountability definition is the responsibility of employees to complete the tasks they are assigned employee accountability in the workplace personal accountability at work can encompass everything from employees being accountable for themselves. | <urn:uuid:228e0d3a-9945-4b21-b9f9-b21254a206e7> | CC-MAIN-2018-26 | http://rptermpaperywdj.skylinechurch.us/principles-of-personal-responsibilities-and-working-essay.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267864337.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20180622010629-20180622030629-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.935742 | 1,312 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Many misconceptions about stuttering have developed over the years. Treatment techniques have ranged from psychotherapy to ignoring the nonfluencies to saying, as the child is stuttering, "Slow down, take a deep breath, and think before speaking" (Bloodstein, 1981; Luper & Mulder, 1964). Teachers who have worked with children who stutter realize that none of these suggestions works. This article presents information about children who stutter, including a description of who is likely to stutter, the characteristics of stuttering, and techniques that preschool and elementary teachers can use in the classroom to help these students. Sources of additional information are also provided.
Approximately 3 million people in the United States stutter. Stuttering is more common in boys than in girls by a ratio of almost 5 to 1. The vast majority of individuals begin to stutter between the ages of 2 and 6 years; the mean age of onset is 5 years (Andrews et al., 1983).
Teachers working with very young children who stutter realize that many tend to be late in passing their speech and language developmental milestones. These children show a three times greater risk of speech sound errors than nonstutterers. In addition, reports of delayed language development are found more frequently in the case histories of children who stutter. More stuttering occurs on the first sound of the first word in a sentence, longer words, words that carry more meaning, and words that are used infrequently (Andrews et al., 1983).
The frequency and severity of stuttering varies from moment to moment and situation to situation. Children are more likely to stutter when talking with a partner who speaks much faster than they do; using long complex sentences; attempting less familiar vocabulary; talking to a nonattentive listener; speaking in front of a class; or when they are tired or excited.
Initially, children who stutter are no different intellectually or in personality from children who do not stutter. However, as stuttering persists or becomes more severe, it is not uncommon for a child to become socially withdrawn, shy, or anxious. These are reactions to the disorder rather than causal factors. Nevertheless, these reactions can make the problem worse.
Speech begins with a newborn's first cry and develops rapidly during the first several years of life. As children begin to explore their environment, they discover many new and complicated things to talk about and question. The desire to communicate is often far greater than the child's communicative ability. Young children are likely to experience problems with speech sound production, vocabulary, and sentence structure in the early stages of development. Word and phrase repetitions, hesitations, and phrase revisions occur frequently during this time. Sentences such as "Mommy, can I, can I, can I go outside, can I huh?" or "Mommy, Mommy, Mommy, Billy's ball is in, in the, in the yard and, and, and the dog (pause) ate it" are typical of young children. These nonfluencies occur as the result of confusing thoughts, uncertainty about the event, or a complicated sentence structure. This type of repetitive speech, if produced easily and without frustration, should not be of concern. In most cases, it is typical of the errors that occur in normal nonfluencies while good speech and language skills are developing.
Repetition of sounds and syllables; stretching or prolonging sounds; and speech that is accompanied by tension, struggle, or grimacing are of greater concern. Children who stutter seem to have trouble getting words started. They tend to repeat sounds or syllables rather than whole words or phrases. In addition, they frequently repeat portions of words two or more times before they are able to say what they want (e.g., "Ma-ma-ma-ma.ma-ma-mommy, I want a drink of water").
Children who stutter may also attempt to avoid certain sounds or words by using an unusual number of pauses in their speech, interjecting irrelevant sounds (e.g., "'um" or "ah"), substituting one word for another, or repeating inappropriate or unnecessary phrases. These avoidance behaviors are typically used in an attempt to speak more fluently
Another distinction between normal nonfluency and stuttering is the presence of physical tension in the face, neck, or upper body of the child who is having difficulty speaking or a sense that the child is forcing words out. When children stutter they may attempt to push through the non-fluencies by averting or blinking their eyes, jerking their heads, grimacing, or moving their extremities. Attempts to speak during periods of excitement, fatigue, nervousness, or more formal situations such as talking with an adult are likely to increase the amount of difficulty a child is experiencing.
There is no easy treatment for stuttering, because the causation, type, and severity of nonfluencies vary from child to child. In addition, some children are unaware of their nonfluencies. Although others are aware, they are comfortable with their speech and enjoy participating in classroom discussions. Many are self-conscious at a very early age and fear speaking aloud. Despite this variability, teachers can significantly help a child who stutters by enhancing the child's fluency. This can be accomplished by providing a good speech model, improving the child's self-esteem, and creating a good speech environment.
Provide a Good Speech Model
A speech-language pathologist should be contacted when a child exhibits signs of stuttering or when the parents are concerned about speech fluency. Seek this referral immediately; waiting to see whether or not the child will "outgrow" the stuttering is seldom beneficial. While some children who stutter get better without help, many do not. Early intervention may prevent the child from developing a severe stutter. In its initial stages, stuttering can almost always be treated successfully by teachers, parents, and speech-language. pathologists working together. Generally, the earlier intervention is begun, the shorter the therapy program (Stark-weather, Gottwald, & Halfond, 1990). Contact the American Speech-Language Hearing Association for more information about stuttering. The staff will provide a list of professional services for most geographic areas, as well as bibliographies. The toll-free number is 1-800-638-TALK (8255). Additional information may be obtained by writing the Speech Foundation of America (P.O. Box 11749, Memphis, Tennessee 38111) or by calling The National Stuttering Project (1-800-346-1NSP) or the Stuttering Resource Foundation (1-800-232-4773). These not-for-profit organizations publish excellent brochures and informative newsletters about stuttering.
Bloodstein, O. (1981). A handbook on stuttering. Chicago: National Easter Seals Society for Crippled Children and Adults.
Luper, H.L., and Mulder, R. L. (1964). Stuttering therapy for children. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Meyers, S.C. and Freeman, F. (1985) Interruptions as a variable in stuttering and disfluency. JSHR, 28, 436-444
Starkweather, CW and Gottwald, S. (November, 1984). Parents' speech and children's fluency. Paper presented at Annual Meeting of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, San Francisco, California.
Starkweather, CW, Gottwald, SR and Halfond, MM (1990). Stuttering prevention: A clinical method. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. | <urn:uuid:70d45e55-e566-4d93-bb1b-8664e76947db> | CC-MAIN-2015-32 | http://www.mnsu.edu/comdis/kuster/InfoPWDS/lablance.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-32/segments/1438043060830.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20150728002420-00330-ip-10-236-191-2.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947491 | 1,576 | 3.65625 | 4 |
Contact: Vicki Cohn, (914) 740-2156, [email protected]
What Is the Role of Double-Stranded RNA in Antiviral Host Defense Systems?
New Rochelle, NY, May 14, 2013—Animals, insects, and plants use a variety of sensing mechanisms to detect invading pathogens such as viruses. One complex and effective antiviral defense system they share is based on recognition of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), often produced when a virus invades a host cell. New information leading to a clearer understanding of the mechanisms underlying viral dsRNA sensing is presented in a comprehensive Review article published in Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research, a peer-reviewed publication from Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers. The article is available free online on the Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research website.
Isaque João da Silva de Faria and coauthors from Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil, describe two families of sensors that share a region with high specificity for viral dsRNA. In the article "dsRNA Sensing During Viral Infection: Lessons from Plants, Worms, Insects and Mammals" they explain that while this shared region is necessary for dsRNA recognition, it is not sufficient. The authors review recent studies that have identified novel components of these antiviral recognition systems that contribute to their complexity and effectiveness in protecting hosts against viral infection.
"While dsRNA has long been recognized as a product of viral infection, the understanding of cellular mechanisms for its recognition and for subsequent response has increased dramatically in recent years. This review addresses the impact of this new information," says Co-Editor-in-Chief Thomas A. Hamilton, PhD, Chairman, Department of Immunology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation.
About the Journal
Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research, led by Co-Editors-in-Chief Ganes C. Sen, PhD, Chairman, Department of Molecular Genetics, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, and Thomas A. Hamilton, PhD, is an authoritative peer-reviewed journal published monthly online with Open Access options and in print that covers all aspects of interferons and cytokines from basic science to clinical applications. Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research is the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research. Complete tables of content and a sample issue may be viewed online on the Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research website.
About the Publisher
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers is a privately held, fully integrated media company known for establishing authoritative peer-reviewed journals in many promising areas of science and biomedical research, including Viral Immunology, AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, and DNA and Cell Biology. Its biotechnology trade magazine, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News (GEN), was the first in its field and is today the industry’s most widely read publication worldwide. A complete list of the firm’s over 70 journals, books, and newsmagazines is available on the Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers website. | <urn:uuid:4791e9fc-3627-40bf-8620-c498fed61289> | CC-MAIN-2015-18 | http://www.liebertpub.com/global/pressrelease/what-is-the-role-of-double-stranded-rna-in-antiviral-host-defense-systems/1251/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-18/segments/1429246660743.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20150417045740-00309-ip-10-235-10-82.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.908233 | 659 | 3.015625 | 3 |
There is a difference between mental and physical dependence. Physical dependence means that the body will protest when use of the substance is stopped (withdrawal symptoms). Compared to other substances this easily happens with heroin. It doesn't mean that somebody is addicted after using heroin only once, but if the use becomes more frequent, physical dependence easily grows because of the development of tolerance. Tolerance means that the body easily gets used to the heroin and that the body requires steadily larger doses to achieve the same effects.
When the heroin has lost its effect the withdrawal symptoms show up: the user feels sick, sweaty and cold, has goose bumps, a running nose, stomach ache, and pain in arms and legs. Possible symptoms are vomiting and diarrhea. These symptoms disappear as soon as heroin is used again. That is how the user easily ends up in a vicious circle. Mental dependence means that the user anxiously wants to use the substance and doesn't feel comfortable without it anymore.
Heroin causes mental dependence: it sedates everything, both physical and mental pain, which makes people with serious problems (homeless, unemployed, abused) susceptible to heroin. But also other people can easily become dependent. That is why experimenting with heroin is dangerous.
Heroin and its metabolites can be detected in urine for 24 hours, in hair samples for as long as the hair has been growing. | <urn:uuid:8eb80516-b0ec-4a0c-8def-1001a2d404b3> | CC-MAIN-2019-22 | https://web4health.info/en/answers/add-heroin-can.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-22/segments/1558232256163.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20190520222102-20190521004102-00162.warc.gz | en | 0.960121 | 277 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Women are more likely to benefit from consuming fish compared to men, says a new study.
Researchers found that fish oil has a direct effect on the muscles that control the elasticity of the heart.
Heart disease is the leading cause of disability and death in women. About 7.5 million women in the U.S. have coronary heart disease (CHD). In the year 2009, more than 604,000 women diagnosed with CHD were discharged after short stays in hospital, according to the American Heart Association.
In the study, the researchers introduced small amounts of fish oil in the participants' food. They found that heart muscle elasticity improved 4 fold in women compared to just two-fold in men. Surprisingly, the improvement in women's heart was same as is seen in women who take pills to improve heart elasticity.
The researchers also found that women with certain genetic variation that produces the protein eNOS were more likely to benefit from the fish oil. This protein helps increase blood flow to the heart.
The study had equal number of men and women and also equal number of women with or without the genetic variation and so the study results couldn't be due to chance, the researchers said.
"Although the responses varied, all the subjects in the study benefitted from taking fish oils with a meal. However, for women and those with the gene variant, the responses were very marked indeed, and when it comes to their diet could give them considerable health benefits in the future," said Professor Christine Williams from the Reading University, lead author of the study.
In the study, the researchers found that the fish oil directly affected the muscles in the heart while previous research suggested that fish oil releases nitric oxide from blood vessels making blood flow easier.
"This is an exciting discovery which gives us a new way of looking at how our diet affects the health of our blood vessels, and possibly more effective ways of improving heart health in the future," professor Williams added.
The study is published in the Journal of Lipid Research. | <urn:uuid:81e11d83-e658-4bbb-9b84-121368d3de80> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.medicaldaily.com/fish-oil-improves-womens-heart-health-243086 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280888.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00529-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972297 | 413 | 2.8125 | 3 |
What is the BEST statement of Alice Walker's main idea in "Choice"?
a. Dr.King fought valiantly to the day he died
b. Dr.King restored home to the dispossesed
c. Dr.King had a clear conscience
d. Dr.King gave moving sermons
In this extract from the federalist papers, Alexander Hamilton most likely use a comparison between the president of the united states and the king of Great Britain to show * that the president is just as powerful as the king. * that …
The quote below comes from Malcolm X: "I want Dr. King to know that I didn't come to Selma to make his job difficult. I really did come thinking I could make it easier. If the white people realize what the alternative is, perhaps they … | <urn:uuid:d8758def-c99f-49fc-9fc6-f4076f96a86b> | CC-MAIN-2018-17 | https://www.jiskha.com/display.cgi?id=1262045495 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-17/segments/1524125945484.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20180422002521-20180422022521-00115.warc.gz | en | 0.975296 | 165 | 3.375 | 3 |
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