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[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The International Kite Festival, also known as Uttarayan, is celebrated in Gujarat, India, every year on January 14th. This festival marks the transition of winter to summer and is one of the most significant festivals in Gujarat. During Uttarayan, the skies are filled with colorful kites of all shapes and sizes, as people of all ages participate in kite flying competitions and events. The festival attracts participants and kite enthusiasts from all over the world, making it a major cultural event in India. (https://www.gujarattourism.com/fairs-and-festivals/major-festivals/uttarayan-international-kite-festival.html)\n\n Uttarayan is a unique festival that symbolizes the awakening of the gods from their slumber and the end of winter. It is a time of joy and celebration, with families and friends gathering on rooftops and open fields to fly kites and compete in friendly kite flying battles. The festival is also marked by traditional food, music, and dance, adding to the festive atmosphere. (https://www.india.com/travel/articles/uttarayan-the-kite-festival-of-gujarat-3661731/)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What popular annual festival features activities such as flying kites, similar to what the person in the photo is doing?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The popular annual festival that features activities such as flying kites is the International Kite Festival, also known as Uttarayan, celebrated in Gujarat, India. This festival marks the transition of winter to summer and is held on January 14th each year, attracting kite enthusiasts from all over the world." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The middle finger gesture, commonly referred to as \"flipping the bird\" or \"flipping someone off,\" involves extending the middle finger upward while keeping the other fingers folded down. This gesture is widely recognized as an obscene or offensive gesture in many Western cultures. It is often used to express strong feelings of anger, disdain, or disrespect towards someone.\n(Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_finger)\n\n Historically, the gesture dates back to ancient Greece and Rome. In those cultures, it was known as the \"digitus impudicus,\" or the \"impudent finger,\" and was used as a symbol of insult. The gesture has retained its offensive meaning through the centuries and continues to be used as a form of non-verbal communication to convey negative emotions.\n(Source: https://www.britannica.com/story/why-is-sticking-up-your-middle-finger-considered-rude)\n\n The \"Vic\" formation, also known as the \"V\" formation, is a common flight formation used by aircraft, particularly in military aviation. The formation involves three or more planes flying in a V-shaped pattern. This formation provides several advantages, including better visibility and coordination among the planes. It is often used during airshows and combat missions. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formation_flying)\n\n The \"Vic\" formation is named after the V-shaped flight pattern, which resembles the letter \"V\". This formation allows the lead aircraft to have a clear view of the surrounding airspace while the wingmen can maintain visual contact with the leader, ensuring tight coordination and mutual support. (https://www.flyingmag.com/technique/formation-flying-basics/)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What formation are the planes in the photo flying in?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The planes in the photo are flying in a \"Vic\" formation. The \"Vic\" formation, also known as the \"V\" formation, is a common flight formation used by aircraft, particularly in military aviation, where three or more planes fly in a V-shaped pattern. This formation offers better visibility and coordination among the planes and is often used during airshows and combat missions." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Zebras' black and white stripes are thought to serve several purposes, primarily for camouflage. The stripes create a motion dazzle effect, which confuses predators and makes it hard for them to single out one zebra in a herd. This effect is particularly useful when zebras are moving, as the stripes can create an optical illusion that makes it difficult for predators to judge the zebra's speed and direction. (https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/plains-zebra)\n\n Recent studies also suggest that the stripes may help in social bonding among zebras and in reducing the number of biting flies and other parasites. The visual pattern of the stripes could disrupt the vision of the flies, making it harder for them to land on the zebras. (https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-do-zebras-have-stripes/)\n\n\n A sausage biscuit is a popular breakfast item in the southern United States. It consists of a sausage patty served inside a split biscuit. This dish may also include additional ingredients such as cheese or eggs. It is commonly available at fast-food restaurants and is considered a staple of southern cuisine.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sausage_biscuit)\n\n Biscuits in the southern United States are soft, flaky bread rolls that are often served as a side dish or used to make sandwiches. They are a key component of many traditional southern dishes and are especially popular as a breakfast item.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biscuit_(bread))" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the primary purpose of the black and white stripes on the animal shown in the image?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The primary purpose of the black and white stripes on zebras is believed to be for camouflage, particularly in disrupting the vision of predators. The stripes create a motion dazzle effect, making it difficult for predators to single out and target one zebra among a moving herd. Additionally, the stripes may help in social bonding and reducing the number of biting flies and other parasites." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The BAE Systems Hawk is a British single-engine, advanced jet trainer aircraft. It was first flown in 1974 and has been used by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and other air forces worldwide for advanced pilot training.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BAE_Systems_Hawk)\n\n The Hawk is noted for its agility and has been used by display teams such as the RAF's Red Arrows. Various versions of the Hawk have been produced, with upgrades and modifications to suit different training and light combat roles.\n(https://www.baesystems.com/en/product/hawk)\n\n Dunkin' (formerly Dunkin' Donuts) is an American multinational coffee and doughnut company. It was founded by William Rosenberg in Quincy, Massachusetts, in 1950. The chain is one of the largest coffee and baked goods chains in the world, with more than 12,000 locations in 42 countries. Dunkin' is known for its wide variety of donuts, bagels, coffee, and other baked goods.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunkin%27)\n\n The company rebranded as Dunkin' in January 2019 to reflect its focus on beverages, particularly coffee, rather than donuts. Despite the name change, Dunkin' continues to offer a wide variety of donuts and remains one of the most popular donut chains globally.\n(https://www.dunkinbrands.com/company/news/dunkin-donuts-announces-plans-to-rebrand-as-dunkin)\n\n Chicago-style pizza is a type of pizza developed in Chicago. It has a high-edge crust and is baked in a round, steel pan. The pan is oiled to create a fried effect on the outside of the crust. The crust itself is very thick and can hold a large amount of cheese, tomato sauce, and toppings. Chicago-style pizza is traditionally very deep and thick compared to other styles of pizza. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago-style_pizza)\n\n The most famous variety of Chicago-style pizza is the deep-dish pizza, which was invented at Pizzeria Uno in Chicago in 1943. The deep-dish pizza has a thick crust and is layered with cheese, toppings, and a chunky tomato sauce. The pizza is baked for a longer time than traditional thin-crust pizzas, allowing the thick crust and ample toppings to cook thoroughly. (https://www.tasteatlas.com/chicago-style-pizza)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What type of pizza is the person in the photo eating?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The person in the photo is eating Chicago-style deep-dish pizza. This type of pizza is characterized by its high-edge crust that creates a deep, thick layer for ingredients such as cheese, tomato sauce, and various toppings. The pizza is baked in a round, steel pan that gives it its unique shape and allows for a significant amount of filling." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Umbrellas typically feature a canopy made from fabric materials such as polyester or nylon. These materials are chosen for their water resistance, durability, and lightweight properties, making them ideal for protecting against rain.\n(https://www.thespruce.com/types-of-umbrella-fabrics-190924\n The frames of umbrellas are often constructed from materials like aluminum, steel, or fiberglass. Aluminum and steel provide strength and resistance to bending, while fiberglass offers flexibility and resilience in windy conditions.\n(https://www.britannica.com/technology/umbrella)\n\n Holstein Friesian cattle, also known as Holsteins, are a breed of dairy cattle originating from the Dutch provinces of North Holland and Friesland, and Schleswig-Holstein in Northern Germany. They are known for their distinctive black and white color pattern and are the most productive dairy cattle breed in the world, renowned for their high milk production.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holstein_Friesian_cattle)\n\n The Holstein Friesian breed is characterized by large body size, high dairy production, and low butterfat content in the milk. The breed has been selectively bred for dairy qualities and is predominantly used in commercial dairy farming.\n(https://www.thecattlesite.com/breeds/dairy/3/holstein-friesian)\n\n Domestic cats typically live between 12 and 18 years. Their lifespan can be influenced by various factors, including genetics, diet, and overall care. Some cats, particularly those well-cared for, can live into their early 20s.\n(https://www.petmd.com/cat/care/evr_ct_how_long_do_cats_live)\n\n The oldest recorded domestic cat lived to be 38 years old. However, this is an outlier, and most cats live significantly shorter lives.\n(https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/oldest-cat-ever)\n\n Regular veterinary check-ups, a balanced diet, and indoor living can contribute to a longer lifespan for domestic cats.\n(https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/cat-care/general-cat-care)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What breed are the cows in the photo likely to be?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The cows in the photo are likely to be Holstein Friesian, a breed known for its distinctive black and white markings. Holstein Friesians are the world's highest-production dairy animals and are widely used in the dairy industry due to their high milk yield." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n A scarecrow is a decoy or mannequin, often in the shape of a human. It is usually dressed in old clothes and placed in open fields to discourage birds, especially crows or sparrows, from disturbing and feeding on recently cast seed and growing crops. Scarecrows are used across the world by farmers to protect their crops.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarecrow)\n\n The use of scarecrows dates back thousands of years. They have been used in various cultures to protect crops by creating the illusion of human presence, thus deterring birds and other animals from approaching the fields. Although modern technology has provided alternative methods for crop protection, scarecrows remain a symbol of traditional farming practices.\n(https://www.britannica.com/topic/scarecrow)\n\n Apples are a good source of fiber and vitamin C. They also contain polyphenols, which may have numerous health benefits. Eating apples is linked to a lower risk of many major diseases, including diabetes and cancer. The soluble fiber in apples can help lower cholesterol levels, improving heart health. (https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/10-health-benefits-of-apples)\n\n Oranges are well known for their vitamin C content, which is essential for immune function, skin health, and the absorption of iron from plant-based foods. They also contain fiber, potassium, and choline, all of which are beneficial for heart health. Regular consumption of oranges may reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease and kidney stones. (https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/27278\n\n The Pug is a breed of dog with physically distinctive features of a wrinkly, short-muzzled face, and curled tail. The breed has a fine, glossy coat that comes in a variety of colors, most often fawn or black, and a compact, square body with well-developed muscle. Pugs were brought from China to Europe in the sixteenth century and were popularized in Western Europe by the House of Orange of the Netherlands and the House of Stuart of England, Ireland, and Scotland.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pug)\n\n The breed originated in China, dating back to the Han dynasty (B.C. 206 to A.D. 200). Pugs were bred to be companions for Chinese emperors and lived in luxury accommodations, sometimes even being guarded by soldiers. Later, the breed spread to other parts of Asia. In the 16th and 17th centuries, Pugs were introduced to European courts and became fashionable pets among royalty and nobility.\n(https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/pug/)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the purpose of the object in the photo that resembles a human figure?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The object in the photo is a scarecrow. The purpose of a scarecrow is to deter birds and other animals from eating crops in agricultural fields. By mimicking the appearance of a human, scarecrows are intended to create a sense of danger for birds, particularly crows, and keep them away from the crops." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Polpette al Sugo are Italian meatballs cooked in a rich tomato sauce. They are a staple in Italian cuisine and are typically made from ground meat mixed with breadcrumbs, eggs, cheese, and herbs. These meatballs are then simmered in a tomato sauce, which enhances their flavor. Polpette al Sugo can be served on their own, with pasta, or with sides like mashed potatoes and vegetables.\n\n Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula. It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world. It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.\n\n In Italian-American cuisine, meatballs are often larger and served with spaghetti as a main course. This variation became popular in the United States among Italian immigrants and differs from traditional Italian meatballs, which are typically smaller and served as a standalone dish or with other sides." }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What traditional Italian dish is shown in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The dish shown in the photo is meatballs with tomato sauce, served with mashed potatoes and peas. This style of meatballs, known as \"Polpette al Sugo,\" is a traditional Italian dish often enjoyed as a main course in Italian cuisine." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n An armored truck or armored car is a vehicle designed to resist attacks and ensure the safe transport of valuable goods. These vehicles are commonly used by banks, retail companies, and other businesses that handle large amounts of cash or other valuables. The trucks are reinforced with bulletproof glass, armored plating, and secure locking mechanisms to protect the contents and the personnel inside.\n(Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armored_car_(valuables)) \n\n Armored trucks are equipped with various security features, including GPS tracking, alarms, and secure communication systems. The personnel operating these vehicles are typically trained in security and defensive driving techniques to handle potential threats and ensure the safe delivery of valuables.\n(Source: https://www.brinks.com/solutions/armored-transportation)\n\n Ultimate, originally known as Ultimate Frisbee, is a non-contact team sport played with a flying disc (Frisbee). The object of the game is to score points by catching a pass in the opponent's end zone. Players cannot run with the disc, and must move it by passing to teammates. The sport is played on a rectangular field with end zones on either end. Ultimate is known for its emphasis on sportsmanship and fair play, often referred to as the \"Spirit of the Game.\"\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_(sport))\n\n Ultimate was developed in 1968 by a group of students at Columbia High School in Maplewood, New Jersey. The sport combines elements of soccer, basketball, and American football. It is governed by the World Flying Disc Federation (WFDF), which organizes world championships and promotes the sport globally.\n(https://wfdf.sport/ultimate/ultimate-history/)\n\n Dahlias are bushy, tuberous, herbaceous perennial plants native to Mexico and Central America. A member of the Asteraceae (formerly Compositae) family of dicotyledon" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the name of the flower with orange petals in the vase?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The flower with orange petals in the vase is a dahlia. Dahlias are tuberous plants that are native to Mexico and Central America. They are known for their bright, colorful blooms and come in a variety of colors and forms." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n A dough divider and rounder is a machine used in bakeries to automate the process of dividing and shaping dough. These machines save time and labor, increase production efficiency, and ensure consistency in the size and shape of dough pieces. They are particularly useful in large-scale bread production where uniformity and speed are crucial.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakery_equipment)\n\n The process of kneading dough is critical in bread making as it develops gluten, which gives bread its structure and texture. Automated dough kneading and shaping machines help maintain consistent kneading, reducing human error and fatigue in commercial bakeries.\n(https://www.bakeryandsnacks.com/Article/2018/04/16/How-to-choose-the-right-dough-processing-equipment)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What type of meat is typically used in the sandwich shown in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The image is not related to the external knowledge, making it impossible to answer the question." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n A passport is an official travel document issued by a government that contains a given person's identity. It certifies the identity and nationality of its holder primarily for the purpose of international travel. Standard passports may contain information such as the holder's name, place and date of birth, photograph, signature, and other identifying information.\n Passports are typically required for international travel, serving as proof of citizenship and identity when entering or exiting different countries. They are issued by a country's government and often must be renewed periodically.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passport)\n\n Dachshunds are prone to several health issues due to their unique body shape. Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) is one of the most common problems, where the discs in the spine can herniate or burst, leading to pain, nerve damage, or even paralysis. \n(https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/intervertebral-disc-disease-in-dachshunds)\n\n Obesity is another significant concern for Dachshunds as it can exacerbate back problems and lead to other health issues like diabetes and heart disease. Dental problems are also common, necessitating regular dental care.\n(https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/common-dachshund-health-problems/)\n\n Dachshunds should avoid activities that put excessive strain on their back, such as jumping from high places, and should maintain a healthy weight to minimize the risk of IVDD.\n(https://www.petmd.com/dog/breeds/c_dg_dachshund#health)\n\n The Wii Remote, also known colloquially as the Wiimote, is the primary controller for Nintendo's Wii console. It uses a combination of built-in accelerometers and infrared detection to sense its position in 3D space when pointed at the LEDs in the Sensor Bar. This allows the user to control the game with physical gestures as well as traditional button presses.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wii_Remote)\n\n The LEGO Wii Remote is a special edition of the standard Wii Remote, designed to look like it is made out of LEGO bricks. It retains all the functionality of the original Wii Remote while featuring a customizable LEGO exterior, allowing users to attach LEGO pieces for a personalized look.\n(https://nintendo.fandom.com/wiki/LEGO_Wii_Remote)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the purpose of the object labeled 'Passport' in the image?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The object labeled 'Passport' in the image is a travel document issued by a government to its citizens. It certifies the identity and nationality of the holder for the purpose of international travel. Passports contain personal information such as the holder's name, date of birth, photograph, and signature. They are required for entering and exiting most countries and are used as proof of citizenship." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Gaucho culture is a significant part of the cultural heritage in South America, especially in Argentina, Uruguay, and southern Brazil. Gauchos are akin to the North American cowboy and are known for their lifestyle centered around cattle ranching and horseback riding. The traditional gaucho clothing includes bombachas (baggy trousers), wide-brimmed hats, and boots.\n The gaucho way of life developed in the vast plains called pampas, where they excelled in cattle herding and equestrian skills. They are celebrated in folklore and literature, symbolizing bravery, independence, and a deep connection with the land.\n Gauchos have a rich tradition of music, dance, and festivals, which continue to be an essential part of the cultural identity in the regions where they live." }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What traditional South American cowboy culture do the people in the photo represent?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The people in the photo represent the Gaucho culture, which is a traditional cowboy culture in South America, particularly in Argentina, Uruguay, and southern Brazil. Gauchos are known for their distinctive clothing, horsemanship, and skills in cattle herding." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Smirnoff is a brand of vodka owned and produced by the British company Diageo. The Smirnoff brand began with a vodka distillery founded in Moscow by Pyotr Arsenievich Smirnov (1831–1898). It is now distributed in 130 countries and produced in several countries including the United States, UK, India, and the Philippines. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smirnoff)\n\n Pyotr Arsenievich Smirnov founded his vodka distillery in Moscow in the 1860s, and it quickly became one of the largest in Russia. After the Russian Revolution, the Smirnov family fled the country, and the brand was later revived by descendants in Europe and North America. (https://www.diffordsguide.com/producer/1058/smirnoff)\n\n The Victorian era was a period of Queen Victoria's reign from June 20, 1837, until her death on January 22, 1901. This era was known for its distinctive architectural styles that often featured eclectic and ornate designs. Victorian architecture includes various styles such as Gothic Revival, Italianate, Second Empire, Queen Anne, and Romanesque Revival.\n Key characteristics of Victorian architecture include asymmetrical facades, steeply pitched roofs, textured wall surfaces, intricate woodwork, and the use of brick and stone. Elaborate ornamentation and decorative trim, often referred to as \"gingerbread,\" are also hallmarks of this period.\n The buildings from this period often incorporated elements from different architectural traditions, creating a unique and varied aesthetic that has become synonymous with the era." }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What historical period does the architecture in the image likely belong to, and what are its defining characteristics?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The architecture in the image likely belongs to the Victorian era, which spanned from 1837 to 1901 during the reign of Queen Victoria. Victorian architecture is characterized by its eclectic style, including intricate woodwork, steeply pitched roofs, textured wall surfaces, and asymmetrical facades. The use of brick and elaborate ornamentation, as seen in the building's design, are also typical of this period." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Virgin Atlantic, a British airline founded by Richard Branson in 1984, was known for its long-haul flights from the UK to various destinations worldwide. The airline ceased operations in 2020 due to financial difficulties exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic.\n Virgin Atlantic was headquartered in Crawley, United Kingdom, and operated a fleet that included the Boeing 747-400, which is the aircraft model shown in the image.\n The airline was renowned for its innovative services and customer experience, which included features such as in-flight entertainment and comfortable seating options.\n\nHong Kong International Airport (IATA: HKG, ICAO: VHHH), also known as Chek Lap Kok Airport, is the main airport in Hong Kong. It is built on reclaimed land on the island of Chek Lap Kok. The airport has been in commercial operation since 1998, replacing the former Kai Tak Airport. It is one of the busiest passenger airports in the world and is also renowned for its cargo handling. The airport serves as a major hub for Cathay Pacific, Hong Kong Airlines, and many other carriers, connecting numerous international destinations. It is a key gateway for passengers traveling to and from Asia, known for its modern facilities and efficient operations. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong_International_Airport)\n\n Embassy Suites by Hilton is a chain of all-suite hotels trademarked by Hilton Worldwide. The chain was established in 1984 and specializes in offering two-room suites, complimentary breakfast, and evening receptions. It is known for popularizing the concept of the hotel suite, providing guests with more space and comfort compared to standard hotel rooms.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embassy_Suites_by_Hilton)\n\n Embassy Suites has more than 250 locations across the United States, Canada, and Latin America. The brand's signature features include a separate living area in each suite, a free cooked-to-order breakfast, and a nightly reception with snacks and beverages.\n(https://www.hilton.com/en/embassy/)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the name of the airport where this photo was taken?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "This photo was taken at Hong Kong International Airport, also known as Chek Lap Kok Airport. It is one of the busiest airports in the world and serves as a major gateway for passengers traveling to and from Asia." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n \"Come Dine with Me\" is a British reality television series that premiered on Channel 4 on 10 January 2005. The show features five amateur chefs competing against each other to host the best dinner party. Each competitor hosts a dinner party for the other contestants, who then rate the host's performance. At the end of the week, the contestant with the highest score wins a cash prize of £1,000. The format has been adapted for numerous international versions.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Come_Dine_with_Me)\n\n The show is narrated by Dave Lamb, whose humorous commentary adds a unique touch to the series. The contestants' dinner parties are judged based on the quality of the food, the atmosphere, and the overall hosting skills. The series has been praised for its entertaining and sometimes humorous portrayal of the contestants' efforts and interactions.\n(https://www.channel4.com/programmes/come-dine-with-me)\n\n Cafés are establishments that primarily serve coffee and other beverages, often alongside snacks or light meals. They have become popular places for people to work, study, and socialize due to their welcoming atmosphere and the availability of amenities such as Wi-Fi.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffeehouse)\n\n Many cafés provide a quiet and comfortable environment that is ideal for students, freelancers, and remote workers. The presence of internet connectivity and a variety of refreshments make cafés convenient places for extended periods of work or study.\n(https://www.thebalancesmb.com/why-people-work-in-coffee-shops-4171578)\n\n Mustangs are free-roaming horses of the Western United States, descended from horses brought to the Americas by Spanish explorers in the 16th century. The name \"mustang\" comes from the Spanish word \"mestengo,\" meaning \"wild\" or \"stray.\" Over centuries, these horses adapted to the wild and formed herds, becoming known as mustangs. They are considered a symbol of the American West.\n The Spanish explorers who brought the horses to the Americas intended to use them for transportation and work. However, some horses escaped or were released and began to form wild herds. These herds grew and spread across the Western United States, with the horses adapting to various environments. Today, mustangs are managed by the Bureau of Land Management and are protected under the Wild Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act of 1971." }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the type of establishment where the people in the photo are likely working or studying?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The people in the photo are likely in a café. Cafés are popular spots for individuals to work or study due to their relaxed atmosphere, availability of coffee and snacks, and often free Wi-Fi. Many cafés cater to students, freelancers, and remote workers who seek a comfortable environment to focus on their tasks." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Disc golf is a flying disc sport in which players throw a disc at a target; it is played using rules similar to golf. Most disc golf courses include a variety of holes, including some that are long and open and some that are more technical with trees and other obstacles. The sport was formalized in the 1970s and has grown in popularity worldwide. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disc_golf)\n\n The Professional Disc Golf Association (PDGA) is the governing body for the sport and is responsible for the rules, tournaments, and promotion of disc golf. The objective of the game is to traverse a course from beginning to end in the fewest number of disc throws. (https://www.pdga.com/)\n\n Disc golf is often played in a park or wooded area, and the equipment includes a variety of discs similar to those used in ultimate frisbee but designed specifically for different types of throws and distances. (https://udisc.com/)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the name of the sport the person in the photo is playing?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The sport the person in the photo is playing is called disc golf. In disc golf, players throw a disc at a target, typically a basket, and the objective is to complete each hole in the fewest number of throws." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Lavash is a soft, thin flatbread of Armenian origin, popular in the South Caucasus, Iran, and Turkey. It is traditionally baked in a tandoor or tonir oven, which is a cylindrical clay or metal oven used in cooking and baking. The dough for lavash is typically made from flour, water, and salt, and sometimes includes yeast or sourdough starter. The bread is known for its thin, soft texture when fresh, and it can be dried to a crisp texture for longer storage. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavash)\n\n The traditional method of baking lavash involves slapping the dough onto the hot walls of a tandoor or tonir oven, where it bakes quickly due to the high heat. This method gives lavash its characteristic texture and flavor. The bread can be used in various ways, such as wrapping around kebabs or cheese, or as a scoop for stews and dips. (https://www.atlasobscura.com/foods/lavash)\n\n Youtiao, also known as Chinese cruller, Chinese fried churro, Chinese oil stick, Chinese doughnut, and fried breadstick, is a long golden-brown deep-fried strip of dough eaten in China and other East and Southeast Asian cuisines. Conventionally, youtiao are lightly salted and made so they can be torn lengthwise in two.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youtiao)\n\n Youtiao is often eaten as an accompaniment to rice congee or soy milk. In some areas, youtiao is also used as a filling for other foods, such as in sandwiches or wrapped in rice noodles to make a dish called youtiao cheong fun.\n(https://www.thespruceeats.com/youtiao-chinese-fried-dough-694494)\n\n Pizza is a traditional Italian dish that consists of a usually round, flat base of leavened wheat-based dough topped with tomatoes, cheese, and various other ingredients (such as anchovies, mushrooms, onions, olives, vegetables, meats, etc.), which is then baked at a high temperature, traditionally in a wood-fired oven. In Italy, pizza served in a restaurant is presented unsliced and eaten with the use of a knife and fork.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pizza)\n\n The modern pizza was invented in Naples, Italy, and the dish and its variants have since become popular in many countries. It has become one of the most popular foods in the world and a common fast food item in Europe and North America.\n(https://www.britannica.com/topic/pizza)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the origin of the food shown in the image?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The image shows a pizza, which originated in Italy. Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a usually round, flat base of leavened wheat-based dough topped with tomatoes, cheese, and various other ingredients. It is baked at a high temperature, traditionally in a wood-fired oven." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n A demolition derby is a motorsport usually presented at county fairs and festivals. While rules vary from event to event, the typical demolition derby event consists of five or more drivers competing by deliberately ramming their vehicles into one another. The last driver whose vehicle is still operational is awarded the victory.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demolition_derby)\n\n The school bus demolition derby is a variation where school buses are used. This adds an additional layer of excitement due to the size and weight of the vehicles involved. These events are popular in parts of the United States and are known for their chaotic and entertaining nature.\n(https://www.roadandtrack.com/car-culture/a32650/school-bus-demolition-derby/)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the name of the event shown in the photo, and what does it involve?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The event shown in the photo is called a school bus demolition derby. This event involves modified school buses crashing into each other until only one bus remains operational. It is a popular form of entertainment at fairs and motor sports events, known for its chaotic and entertaining nature." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Apples are rich in dietary fiber, vitamin C, and various antioxidants. They are associated with a range of health benefits, including improved heart health, reduced risk of diabetes, and weight management. The fiber content in apples can aid in digestion and promote feelings of fullness.\n(https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/10-health-benefits-of-apples)\n\n Bananas are an excellent source of potassium, which is essential for heart health and maintaining normal blood pressure. They also contain vitamin B6, vitamin C, and dietary fiber. The natural sugars in bananas, including glucose, fructose, and sucrose, provide quick energy, making them a popular choice for athletes and those needing a quick energy boost.\n(https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/271157)\n\n BlackBerry phones, developed by the Canadian company BlackBerry Limited (formerly known as Research In Motion, or RIM), were among the first smartphones to gain widespread popularity. They were particularly favored by business professionals due to their secure email capabilities, physical QWERTY keyboards, and strong encryption features. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry)\n\n At its peak in the mid-2000s, BlackBerry was a dominant player in the smartphone market. The company’s devices were known for their reliability and secure communication, making them the device of choice for many corporate and government users. However, with the introduction of the iPhone in 2007 and the subsequent rise of Android smartphones, BlackBerry's market share began to decline. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry_Limited)\n\n BlackBerry's influence on mobile communication was significant, as it helped shape the early smartphone industry and set standards for mobile email and security that other companies would follow. Despite their decline in market presence, BlackBerry devices remain an important part of the history of mobile technology. (https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-5103769\n\n\"Singin' in the Rain\" is a song with lyrics by Arthur Freed and music by Nacio Herb Brown, published in 1929. The song is best known for its performance in the 1952 musical film \"Singin' in the Rain,\" where it was performed by Gene Kelly. The scene features Kelly dancing and singing in the rain, using an umbrella as a prop, which has become an iconic moment in film history. The film and the song are widely regarded as classics in the musical genre." }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the historical significance of the device the person is using in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The device the person is using in the photo is a BlackBerry phone. Historically, BlackBerry phones were among the first smartphones to gain widespread popularity, especially among business professionals, due to their secure email capabilities and physical QWERTY keyboards. At its peak in the mid-2000s, BlackBerry was a dominant player in the smartphone market before being overtaken by touchscreen smartphones like the iPhone and Android devices." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Converse Chuck Taylor All-Stars, often referred to as \"Chucks,\" are a line of canvas and rubber shoes produced by Converse. First introduced in 1917 as the \"All-Star,\" the model was named after Charles \"Chuck\" Taylor, a basketball player who became a Converse shoe salesman and ambassador. The shoes are known for their distinctive design, including a rubber sole, canvas upper, and a circular patch on the side. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuck_Taylor_All-Stars)\n\n Chuck Taylor All-Stars were originally designed as a basketball shoe but have since become a popular fashion item. Over the decades, they have been embraced by various subcultures and have become a symbol of casual, everyday footwear. They are particularly known for their versatility and timeless design, appealing to a wide range of people across different age groups and style preferences. (https://www.converse.com/chuck-taylor)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What brand of shoes is famously known for its iconic design seen in the image?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The shoes in the image are Converse Chuck Taylor All-Stars, which are known for their distinctive design featuring a rubber sole, canvas upper, and a circular patch on the side. These shoes were initially introduced as basketball shoes in the early 20th century and have since become a popular fashion item." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Rafik G. Gainutdin is a prominent Islamic leader in Russia serving as the Grand Mufti and the head of the Council of Muftis of Russia. He has been involved in various controversies, including accusations of mismanagement and the destruction of historical mosques.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravil_Gainutdin)\n\n Protests and demonstrations are common forms of public expression where groups of people gather to express their discontent with political, social, or economic issues. In Russia, protests can be directed against various political figures or policies, often involving the display of banners and signs in public spaces.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protest)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the origin country of the beer brand shown in the image?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "I lack the necessary related information to answer the question about the image." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Eyeshine is a visible effect of the tapetum lucidum. The tapetum lucidum (Latin: \"bright tapestry\", plural tapeta lucida) is a layer of tissue in the eye of many vertebrates. Lying immediately behind the retina, it is a retroreflector. It reflects visible light back through the retina, increasing the light available to the photoreceptors (although slightly blurring the initial image). The tapetum lucidum contributes to the superior night vision of some animals. When light shines into the eye, it reflects off the tapetum lucidum and exits the eye. This is what causes the phenomenon known as eyeshine, which helps improve vision in low-light conditions.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidum)\n\n The tapetum lucidum is a biological reflector system that is a common feature in the eyes of vertebrates that possess enhanced night vision. This layer reflects visible light back through the retina, thus increasing the light available to the photoreceptors. As a result, animals with a tapetum lucidum can see better in low light conditions than those without such a layer. This reflective effect is what causes the eyes of these animals to appear to glow when illuminated by light sources such as flashlights or camera flashes.\n(https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/tapetum_lucidum.htm)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the phenomenon that causes the cat's eyes to appear glowing in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The phenomenon that causes the cat's eyes to appear glowing in the photo is called \"eyeshine.\" Eyeshine occurs when light is reflected off the tapetum lucidum, a layer of tissue in the eyes of many vertebrates, including cats. The tapetum lucidum enhances vision in low-light conditions by reflecting visible light back through the retina, increasing the light available to the photoreceptors. This reflection causes the eyes to appear to glow when illuminated by a light source such as a camera flash." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Beach huts are small, often brightly colored wooden structures located on beaches or near the coast in various parts of Europe, such as the Netherlands, Germany, and the United Kingdom. They are used for changing into swimwear, storing beach equipment, and sheltering from the sun or wind. These huts are a significant part of seaside culture and are often cherished for their nostalgic value.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beach_hut)\n\n In some coastal areas, beach huts have become iconic symbols of local heritage and are sometimes passed down through generations. They can be simple or elaborately decorated and are often rented out or owned by families who use them during the summer months. The tradition of using beach huts dates back to the 19th century when seaside holidays became popular.\n(https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-5397680" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the significance of the beach huts seen in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The beach huts seen in the photo are typical of European beaches, particularly in countries like the Netherlands, Germany, and the UK. These huts are used to store beach equipment, change clothes, and provide shelter from the sun or wind. In some regions, they are also a symbol of seaside culture and heritage, often painted in bright colors and sometimes passed down through generations." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The Willys MB and the Ford GPW, both formally called the U.S. Army Truck, ​1⁄4-ton, 4x4, Command Reconnaissance, commonly known as the Willys Jeep, were highly successful off-road capable, light military utility vehicles built in large numbers to a standardized design for the United States and other Allied forces in World War II from 1941 to 1945.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willys_MB)\n\n The Jeep became the primary light 4-wheel-drive vehicle of the United States Armed Forces and the Allies during World War II, as well as the postwar period. The term became common worldwide in the wake of the war. The Jeep later evolved into the \"CJ\" or \"Civilian Jeep\" and inspired both an entire category of recreational 4WDs and several generations of military light utility vehicles.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeep)\n\n Wimbledon, officially known as The Championships, Wimbledon, is the oldest tennis tournament in the world and is regarded by many as the most prestigious. It has been held at the All England Club in Wimbledon, London, since 1877. Wimbledon is one of the four Grand Slam tennis tournaments, and the only one still played on grass courts, which is the traditional surface for the game. The tournament takes place over two weeks in late June and early July, culminating with the Ladies' and Gentlemen's Singles Final, scheduled for the second Saturday and Sunday respectively." }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What type of vehicle is shown in the image, and what was its original purpose?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The vehicle shown in the image is a Willys Jeep. The Willys Jeep was originally designed for military use during World War II. It became famous for its durability and versatility on rough terrains and was later adapted for civilian use." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The red double-decker bus is a well-known symbol of London and has been a significant part of the city's public transportation system since the early 20th century. These buses are known for their increased passenger capacity compared to single-decker buses, making them an efficient mode of transportation in the densely populated city.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-decker_bus)\n\n The iconic red double-decker buses are not only practical for carrying more passengers but have also become a cultural symbol of London, often featured in movies, postcards, and various forms of media. They are popular with both locals and tourists, contributing to the city’s unique charm.\n(https://www.visitlondon.com/things-to-see-and-do/traveller-information/getting-around-london/bus)\n\n macOS is a series of proprietary graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Apple Inc. since 2001. It is the primary operating system for Apple's Mac computers. Within the market of desktop and laptop computers, it is the second most widely used desktop OS, after Microsoft Windows.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacOS)\n\n macOS is known for its intuitive user interface and robust performance. It is derived from Unix, making it a powerful and stable operating system for both personal and professional use. The macOS includes features such as the Dock, Finder, and Spotlight, which facilitate easy navigation and use.\n(https://www.apple.com/macos/)\n\n Apple regularly updates macOS to introduce new features and security improvements. Some of the most recent versions include macOS Big Sur, macOS Monterey, and macOS Ventura, each bringing enhancements and new functionalities to the Mac ecosystem.\n(https://support.apple.com/macos)\n\n Kiteboarding, also known as kitesurfing, is an extreme water sport that combines aspects of surfing, windsurfing, paragliding, and gymnastics into one action-packed sport. It involves using a large controllable kite to harness the power of the wind and propel the rider across the water on a kiteboard (similar to a wakeboard or a small surfboard). (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiteboarding)\n\n The sport has grown rapidly in popularity since the late 1990s and early 2000s. The kite is attached to the rider via a harness, and the rider controls the kite's movements with a bar. The kite's pull can lift the rider into the air, allowing for jumps and tricks. (https://www.redbull.com/us-en/kitesurfing-guide)\n\n Kiteboarding can be performed in various water conditions, from flat water lagoons to large waves. It requires a combination of skills, including balance, strength, and kite control, and can be practiced in many locations around the world where there is sufficient wind. (https://www.thekiteboarder.com/what-is-kiteboarding)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the significance of the type of vehicle shown in the photo in the context of public transportation in London?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The vehicle shown in the photo is a traditional red double-decker bus, which is an iconic symbol of London's public transportation system. Double-decker buses have been used in London since the early 20th century and are known for their capacity to carry more passengers compared to single-decker buses. They are a significant part of London's identity and have become a popular mode of transportation for both locals and tourists. The red double-decker bus is also featured in many forms of media and is a well-recognized symbol around the world." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Columbia University is located in the Morningside Heights neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, near the intersection of Broadway and West 120th Street. Founded in 1754 as King's College by royal charter of King George II of Great Britain, it is the oldest institution of higher learning in New York and the fifth oldest in the United States. Columbia is a member of the Ivy League and has been one of the most selective colleges in the United States.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_University)\n\n Columbia University is known for its rigorous academics, renowned faculty, and vibrant campus life. It has produced numerous Nobel laureates, Supreme Court justices, and other notable alumni in various fields, including science, literature, politics, and business.\n(https://www.columbia.edu/content/about-columbia-university)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What famous university is located near the intersection shown in the image?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Columbia University is located near the intersection of Broadway and West 120th Street in Manhattan, New York City. It is one of the oldest and most prestigious universities in the United States, known for its distinguished faculty and diverse academic programs." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Ham is a popular ingredient in many European countries and is often used in sandwiches. In Spain, it is known as \"jamón\" and is a staple in many traditional dishes. In Italy, \"prosciutto\" is a type of ham that is widely used in various recipes. In Germany, ham is commonly found in sandwiches and other meals.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ham)\n\n Ham sandwiches are a common meal in many parts of Europe, often including other ingredients such as cheese, lettuce, and tomato. These sandwiches are typically served cold and are a popular choice for quick, convenient meals.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandwich)\n\n The Samoyed is a breed of large herding dogs with thick, white, double-layer coats. They are a spitz-type dog that takes its name from the Samoyedic peoples of Siberia. These nomadic reindeer herders bred the fluffy white dogs to help with herding and to pull sleds. One of the most distinctive features of the Samoyed is their expression, often called the \"Sammy smile,\" which is a result of their upturned mouth corners. This expression is not just endearing but also functional, preventing drool from freezing in the harsh Arctic climate. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samoyed_dog)\n\n Samoyeds are known for their friendly and gentle disposition. They are highly social dogs that thrive on human companionship and are known to be particularly good with children. Their thick fur, which is shed heavily twice a year, requires regular grooming to prevent matting. Despite their gentle nature, they are also known to be quite vocal, often using their voices to communicate with their owners. (https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/samoyed/)\n\nPotato salad is a dish made from boiled potatoes and a variety of other ingredients. It is generally considered a side dish, as it usually accompanies the main course. Potato salad is often served with barbecue, roasts, hot dogs, fried chicken, hamburgers, or cold sandwiches. It is widely believed to have originated in Germany, spreading largely throughout Europe and later to European colonies. American potato salad most likely originated from recipes brought to the U.S. by German and European immigrants during the nineteenth century." }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the traditional dish being prepared by the people in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The people in the photo are preparing potato salad, which is a traditional dish often associated with picnics, barbecues, and potlucks in many Western countries. It typically consists of boiled potatoes, mayonnaise, mustard, and various other ingredients such as onions, celery, and herbs." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n A piping bag is a kitchen tool used for squeezing semi-solid foods through a narrow opening at one end, for many purposes including cake decoration. It is typically used with a variety of tips to produce different shapes and designs. Piping bags can be made of plastic, cloth, or paper, and they help in achieving detailed and decorative work on cakes, cupcakes, and other baked goods.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piping_bag)\n\n Cake decorating is one of the sugar arts that uses icing or frosting and other edible decorative elements to make plain cakes more visually interesting. A piping bag allows decorators to apply these elements in controlled and artistic ways, making it possible to create intricate designs like flowers, borders, and messages.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cake_decorating)\n\n Snowboarding is a recreational and competitive activity that involves descending a snow-covered slope while standing on a snowboard attached to a rider's feet. It was developed in the United States in the 1960s and 1970s and became a Winter Olympic sport in 1998. Snowboarding has various styles including freestyle, freeride, and alpine racing, each requiring different techniques and equipment.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snowboarding)\n\n Snowboarding made its Olympic debut at the 1998 Winter Games in Nagano, Japan. The inclusion of the sport in the Olympics helped boost its popularity worldwide. Snowboarders compete in events such as halfpipe, slopestyle, and snowboard cross, showcasing their skills in performing tricks, jumps, and fast-paced racing.\n(https://www.olympic.org/snowboarding)\n\n \"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\" (commonly shortened to \"Alice in Wonderland\") is an 1865 novel written by English author Charles Lutwidge Dodgson under the pseudonym Lewis Carroll. It tells of a young girl named Alice, who falls through a rabbit hole into a subterranean fantasy world populated with peculiar, anthropomorphic creatures. The tale plays with logic, giving the story lasting popularity with adults as well as with children. It is considered to be one of the best examples of the literary nonsense genre. The narrative, structure, characters, and imagery have been enormously influential in popular culture and literature, especially in the fantasy genre. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice%27s_Adventures_in_Wonderland)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What famous literary work is referenced by the name of one of the streets in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The name \"Wonderland\" in the photo references \"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland,\" a famous novel by Lewis Carroll. This book, published in 1865, follows the adventures of a young girl named Alice who falls through a rabbit hole into a fantastical world." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Pediatricians and pediatric dentists recommend that parents start cleaning their baby's teeth as soon as the first tooth erupts, which is usually around 6 months of age. This early start is crucial for preventing early childhood caries (ECC), also known as baby bottle tooth decay. \n(https://www.aapd.org/research/oral-health-policies--recommendations/early-childhood-caries-classifications-consequences-and-preventive-strategies/)\n\n Establishing a dental care routine early helps babies get accustomed to the process, making it easier to maintain good oral hygiene as they grow older. It also ensures that their teeth and gums stay healthy, reducing the risk of dental problems in the future. \n(https://www.cda.org/Home/Public/Your-Dental-Health/Articles/baby-teeth-care)\n\n The American Dental Association (ADA) suggests using a small, soft-bristled toothbrush and a smear of fluoride toothpaste about the size of a grain of rice for children under 3 years old. Regular dental check-ups should also begin by the child's first birthday to monitor dental development and address any concerns early on.\n(https://www.mouthhealthy.org/en/babies-and-kids/brushing-baby-teeth)\n\nFlip phones, also known as clamshell phones, were a popular mobile phone design in the 1990s and early 2000s. They feature a hinge that allows the phone to fold in half, protecting the screen and keypad when closed. This design made them compact and portable. Some well-known models include the Motorola StarTAC, released in 1996, and the Motorola RAZR, released in 2004. Flip phones largely fell out of favor with the advent of smartphones, which offer larger touchscreens and more advanced features. However, they remain in use for their simplicity and durability.\n\nA microwave oven, commonly referred to as a microwave, is a kitchen appliance that heats and cooks food by exposing it to microwave radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum. This causes polar molecules in the food to rotate and produce thermal energy in a process known as dielectric heating. Microwave ovens are popular for reheating previously cooked foods and cooking a variety of foods quickly. The development of the microwave oven is credited to American engineer Percy Spencer, who discovered that microwaves could cook food when he noticed that radar waves had melted a candy bar in his pocket. The first commercially available microwave oven was introduced by Raytheon in 1947." }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What type of mobile phone is the person in the photo using?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The person in the photo is using a flip phone. Flip phones were particularly popular in the 1990s and early 2000s, characterized by their clamshell design where the phone could be flipped open to reveal the screen and keypad." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Mascot races are a popular form of entertainment at sports events, particularly in baseball. They involve costumed characters, often representing the teams playing or local figures, racing around the field or stadium. These races are designed to entertain the crowd during breaks in the game, such as between innings. Mascot races add a fun and lighthearted element to the sporting event, engaging fans of all ages.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mascot_(sports))\n\n In Major League Baseball (MLB), mascot races have become a staple of in-game entertainment. Teams like the Milwaukee Brewers, Washington Nationals, and Atlanta Braves are known for their unique and humorous mascot races. These races often include elaborate costumes and playful antics, making them a memorable part of the game-day experience.\n(https://www.mlb.com/news/best-mascot-races-in-baseball)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the event taking place in the image?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The event taking place in the image is a mascot race, which is a popular entertainment activity during breaks in baseball games. Mascot races typically feature costumed characters representing various teams or local figures competing in a fun race around the field to entertain the audience." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Pinnawala Elephant Orphanage is an orphanage, nursery, and captive breeding ground for wild Asian elephants located at Pinnawala village, 13 km northwest of Kegalle town in Sabaragamuwa Province of Sri Lanka. It was established in 1975 by the Sri Lanka Department of Wildlife Conservation (DWC).\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinnawala_Elephant_Orphanage)\n\n The orphanage was originally founded to afford care and protection to the many orphaned elephants found in the wild. It has grown into one of the most popular tourist attractions in Sri Lanka, where visitors can watch caretakers feed, bathe, and care for the elephants.\n(https://www.lonelyplanet.com/sri-lanka/attractions/pinnawala-elephant-orphanage/a/poi-sig/1143797/357905)\n\n The banana blossom, also known as the banana heart, is the flower of the banana plant. It is large, with a dark purple-red hue, and grows at the end of a bunch of bananas. Banana blossoms are edible and widely used in Southeast Asian and Indian cuisines. They are often incorporated into salads, curries, and stir-fries. \n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_flower)\n\n Banana blossoms are rich in dietary fiber and nutrients such as vitamins A, C, and E. They also contain antioxidants, which help in reducing inflammation and boosting overall health.\n(https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/banana-flower)\n\n The Esala Perahera (the Festival of the Tooth) is one of the oldest and grandest Buddhist festivals in Sri Lanka, featuring dancers, jugglers, musicians, fire-breathers, and lavishly decorated elephants. Held in Kandy, it lasts for ten days and usually takes place in July or August. The festival honors the Sacred Tooth Relic of the Buddha, which is housed in the Temple of the Tooth in Kandy.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esala_Perahera)\n\n During the Esala Perahera, the streets of Kandy are transformed into a vibrant display of Sri Lankan culture and heritage. Elephants adorned with elaborate garments and lights are a highlight of the procession. The festival has both religious and cultural significance, attracting thousands of tourists and locals each year.\n(https://www.lonelyplanet.com/articles/esala-perahera-sri-lanka)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the primary purpose of the place where these elephants are located?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The elephants in the photo are located in the Pinnawala Elephant Orphanage in Sri Lanka. The primary purpose of this place is to provide care and sanctuary to orphaned, injured, and abandoned elephants. It was established in 1975 by the Sri Lanka Department of Wildlife Conservation and has become a major tourist attraction where visitors can learn about elephants and observe them in a semi-natural habitat." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The game of soccer, known as football in most parts of the world, has ancient origins. Variations of the game were played in various cultures, including ancient China, Greece, and Rome. However, modern soccer as we know it today was codified in England in the mid-19th century. The Football Association (FA) was formed in 1863 in England, which standardized the rules of the game and separated it from rugby football.\n The first official soccer match under the new rules was played on December 19, 1863, in England. The establishment of the FA and the codification of the rules marked the beginning of organized soccer, leading to its spread and popularity worldwide.\n(https://www.history.com/topics/sports/soccer-history)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the model of the aircraft in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The external data isn't connected to the image, making it impossible to answer the question." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Time zones are regions of the Earth that have the same standard time. They are used to help coordinate time across different parts of the world. Each time zone is usually one hour ahead or behind the adjacent time zones, creating a global system where local times differ but can be easily related to each other. This concept is crucial for global communication, travel, and business.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zone)\n\n In international business, airports, and global newsrooms, displaying multiple clocks set to the local times of different cities around the world helps in managing and coordinating activities across various time zones. This setup allows for the synchronization of meetings, flights, and broadcasts, ensuring that operations run smoothly despite the geographical distances.\n(https://www.timeanddate.com/time/time-zones.html)\n\n The Keeshond is a medium-sized dog breed that originated in the Netherlands. It is known for its friendly and lively personality, as well as its distinctive \"spectacles\" around its eyes. The breed has a thick, double coat that provides insulation against cold weather. Keeshonds were historically used as watchdogs on barges and were popular companions among Dutch citizens.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keeshond)\n\n The Keeshond was named after Cornelis (Kees) de Gyselaer, the leader of the Dutch Patriot faction in the late 18th century. The breed became a symbol of the Dutch Patriots and was often depicted in political cartoons of the era. Despite its historical significance, the breed's popularity declined after the Patriots were defeated, but it has since regained popularity as a companion dog.\n(https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/keeshond/)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What breed is the dog in the photo, and what is its origin?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The dog in the photo appears to be a Keeshond. The Keeshond is a medium-sized dog breed that originated in the Netherlands. Known for its friendly and lively personality, the Keeshond has a distinctive \"spectacles\" marking around its eyes and a thick, double coat." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Kite festivals are events where kite enthusiasts gather to fly kites of various shapes, sizes, and colors. These festivals often include kite flying competitions, kite making workshops, and other related activities. Some of the most famous kite festivals in the world include the International Kite Festival in Gujarat, India, and the Washington State International Kite Festival in the United States. These festivals celebrate the cultural significance and the art of kite flying, attracting participants and spectators from around the globe. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kite_festival)\n\n The International Kite Festival in Gujarat, India, is one of the largest kite festivals in the world, held annually in January to coincide with the Makar Sankranti festival. Thousands of kite enthusiasts from around the world come to participate in this event. (https://www.gujarattourism.com/fairs-festivals/major-fairs-festivals/international-kite-festival.html)\n\n The Washington State International Kite Festival (WSIKF) is a week-long kite celebration and competition held annually during the third full week of August in Long Beach, Washington. This festival features a variety of events including kite flying demonstrations, competitions, and workshops. (https://kitefestival.com/)\n\n Radar speed signs (also known as driver feedback signs, speed display boards, and \"Your Speed\" signs) are interactive signs that display vehicle speed as motorists approach. The purpose of these signs is to slow traffic down by making drivers aware when they are exceeding the speed limit. Studies have shown that radar speed signs can reduce speeds by 10-20%, particularly in areas where drivers may not be aware of their speed or the posted speed limit.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radar_speed_sign)\n\n Radar speed signs are often deployed in high-risk areas, including school zones, residential streets, and work zones. These signs use radar to detect the speed of oncoming vehicles and an LED display to show the speed to the driver. When drivers see that they are speeding, they are more likely to slow down.\n(https://www.carmanah.com/product/driver-feedback-signs/)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the name of the festival where people fly kites, often held in various countries around the world?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The festival where people fly kites is commonly known as a Kite Festival. These festivals are held in various countries, with famous ones including the International Kite Festival in Gujarat, India, and the Washington State International Kite Festival in the United States. These events celebrate the art of kite making and flying, often featuring competitions and demonstrations." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Red velvet cake is thought to have originated in the United States in the early 20th century. The earliest known recipes for red velvet cake appeared in the 1920s. The cake gained popularity in the southern United States and is characterized by its red color, which is traditionally achieved through the use of non-Dutched, anthocyanin-rich cocoa. The cake is often paired with a cream cheese frosting, which adds to its distinctive flavor profile.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_velvet_cake)\n\n The red velvet cake's color originally came from the reaction of acidic vinegar and buttermilk with the cocoa, which kept the cake moist, light, and fluffy. Today, red food coloring is often added to achieve the vibrant red color that is a hallmark of this dessert.\n(https://www.tasteofhome.com/article/red-velvet-cake/)\n\n The hot dog is a grilled or steamed sausage sandwich where the sausage is served in the slit of a partially sliced bun. It is a type of sausage that was culturally imported from Germany and became popular in the United States. The name \"hot dog\" is believed to have been coined in the early 20th century. \n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_dog)\n\n German immigrants in the 19th century brought sausages to America, which evolved into what is now known as the modern hot dog. These sausages were originally sold on street corners in New York City. \n(https://www.history.com/news/hot-dog-history)\n\n The Australian Shepherd, often known simply as the \"Aussie,\" is a breed of herding dog that was developed on ranches in the western United States. Despite its name, the breed did not originate in Australia but rather in the United States in the 19th century. Known for their intelligence, agility, and strong work ethic, Australian Shepherds are highly regarded for their ability to herd livestock, especially cattle and sheep.\n\n Australian Shepherds have a keen herding instinct and are highly trainable, making them excellent working dogs on farms and ranches. They are also known for their high energy levels and require regular exercise and mental stimulation. The breed is characterized by its medium-length coat, which can come in a variety of colors and patterns, and its distinctive eyes, which can be blue, brown, or even one of each.\n\n The breed's versatility and intelligence have also made it a popular choice for dog sports such as agility, obedience, and herding trials. Australian Shepherds are also known for their loyalty and protective nature, making them excellent companions in addition to their role as working dogs." }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What breed of dog is commonly used for herding cattle, as seen in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The breed of dog commonly used for herding cattle, as seen in the photo, is the Australian Shepherd. Known for their intelligence, agility, and strong herding instincts, Australian Shepherds are highly valued on farms and ranches for managing livestock." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The catcher is a key defensive player in baseball, positioned behind home plate. Their primary responsibilities include catching pitches from the pitcher, preventing base stealing by throwing out runners attempting to advance, and providing signals to the pitcher to guide pitch selection. The catcher also plays a crucial role in fielding bunts and guarding home plate during close plays.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catcher)\n\n In addition to their defensive duties, catchers are involved in every pitch of the game, making them one of the most physically demanding positions in baseball. They must have strong defensive skills, quick reflexes, and a deep understanding of the game to effectively manage and work with the pitching staff.\n(https://www.mlb.com/glossary/positions/catcher)\n\n In the context of traffic lights, a yellow or amber light warns that the signal is about to change to red. Drivers must prepare to stop if it is safe to do so. The yellow light duration is typically set to allow vehicles to safely stop before the intersection.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_light#Amber_or_yellow)\n\n A bow tie is a type of traditional neckwear that dates back to the 17th century. It originated among Croatian mercenaries during the Thirty Years' War, who used a scarf around their necks to hold together the opening of their shirts. This practice was later adopted by the French upper class and evolved into the modern bow tie.\n The bow tie is typically reserved for formal occasions and is often associated with black tie attire. It is a staple in men's fashion, often worn with tuxedos and suits, and is considered a symbol of sophistication and elegance." }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What does the yellow traffic light indicate to drivers?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The yellow traffic light indicates to drivers that they should slow down and prepare to stop, as the light is about to turn red. It is a warning that the right of way is ending for vehicles traveling in that direction." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\nThe American Dental Association (ADA) recommends replacing your toothbrush every three to four months, or sooner if the bristles are frayed. Using a toothbrush with worn bristles can be less effective at cleaning your teeth and removing plaque. Regular replacement of your toothbrush helps maintain effective oral hygiene and prevent dental problems. (Source: American Dental Association)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the recommended frequency for replacing the object the person in the photo is holding?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The object the person is holding is a toothbrush. The American Dental Association recommends replacing your toothbrush every three to four months, or sooner if the bristles are frayed. Regular replacement helps maintain effective cleaning and oral hygiene." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The Haflinger, also known as the Avelignese, is a breed of horse developed in Austria and northern Italy (namely Hafling, in South Tyrol region) during the late 19th century. Haflingers are relatively small, are always chestnut, and have distinctive gaits described as energetic but smooth.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haflinger)\n The breed traces its ancestry to the Middle Ages. Haflingers were bred for their strength and sure-footedness in mountainous terrain, making them excellent workhorses for the region. They are known for their friendly and willing temperament.\n(https://www.horsebreedspictures.com/haflinger-horse.asp)\n\n The teddy bear is named after U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt, whose nickname was \"Teddy.\" The name originated from an incident during a bear hunting trip in Mississippi in November 1902, where Roosevelt refused to shoot a bear that had been tied to a tree. This act of compassion was illustrated in a political cartoon, which inspired a toy maker to create a stuffed bear named \"Teddy's Bear.\" (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teddy_bear)\n\n In psychology, teddy bears and other stuffed animals are often used in therapeutic settings to provide comfort and a sense of security to children. They can serve as transitional objects, helping children cope with separation from their caregivers by providing a sense of continuity and comfort. (https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-wide-wide-world-psychology/201207/why-do-we-love-teddy-bears)\n\n Teddy bears are also significant in popular culture, often symbolizing childhood, nostalgia, and innocence. They appear in literature, films, and art, representing a range of themes from comfort and companionship to loss and longing. (https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20121107-in-praise-of-the-teddy-bear)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the breed of the small horses often found in mountainous regions like the one depicted in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The breed of the small horses often found in mountainous regions like the one depicted in the photo is the Haflinger. Haflingers are known for their sure-footedness, strength, and docile temperament, making them well-suited for mountainous terrain." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The Rhode Island Red is an American breed of domestic chicken. It is the state bird of Rhode Island. They are known for their hardiness and ability to produce a high number of eggs. The breed was developed in Rhode Island and Massachusetts in the late nineteenth century by crossbreeding birds of Oriental origin such as the Malay with brown Leghorn birds from Italy.\n Rhode Island Reds are popular in backyard flocks because they are excellent layers of brown eggs and are also good for meat production. They are known for their distinctive deep red plumage and their ability to adapt well to various climates and conditions.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhode_Island_Red)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the breed of the chicken depicted in the image?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The chicken depicted in the image is likely a Rhode Island Red. This breed is known for its hardiness and ability to lay a large number of eggs. Rhode Island Reds are popular among backyard chicken keepers and small farmers for their egg production and meat quality." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The Qingming Festival, also known as Tomb-Sweeping Day, is a traditional Chinese festival observed by the Han Chinese of mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, and the Chinese diaspora around the world. The festival falls on the first day of the fifth solar term of the traditional Chinese lunisolar calendar. This makes it usually fall on April 4th or 5th of the Gregorian calendar. During Qingming, Chinese families visit the tombs of their ancestors to clean the gravesites, pray to their ancestors, and make ritual offerings. In addition to the ritual of cleaning graves, flying kites is a popular custom during Qingming. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qingming_Festival)\n\n The practice of flying kites during the Qingming Festival has a long history. It is believed that flying kites can help to release bad luck and bring good fortune. In some regions, people write their troubles on the kites and then cut the string to let the kites fly away, symbolizing the release of their worries and the welcoming of positive energy. (https://www.travelchinaguide.com/essential/holidays/qingming.htm)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the traditional Chinese festival associated with flying kites?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The traditional Chinese festival associated with flying kites is the Qingming Festival, also known as Tomb-Sweeping Day. It is celebrated in early April and involves people paying respects to their ancestors by cleaning their graves and flying kites as a symbol of letting go of past grievances and bad luck." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n A Chicago-style hot dog, Chicago Dog, or Chicago Red Hot is an all-beef frankfurter on a poppy seed bun, originating from the city of Chicago, Illinois. It is topped with yellow mustard, chopped white onions, bright green sweet pickle relish, a dill pickle spear, tomato slices or wedges, pickled sport peppers, and a dash of celery salt. The complete assembly of a Chicago hot dog is said to be \"dragged through the garden\" due to the many vegetable toppings.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago-style_hot_dog)\n\n The Chicago-style hot dog was developed during the Great Depression as a low-cost meal. The combination of toppings was designed to provide a balanced and satisfying meal, and it remains a popular street food and fast food item in Chicago today. The specific combination of toppings is considered sacrosanct, and ketchup is notably excluded.\n(https://www.thespruceeats.com/chicago-style-hot-dog-1327475)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>Where is this garden located?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "I couldn't find any relevant information to answer the question about the image." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The Teddy Bear Toss is a popular tradition in North American ice hockey. Fans throw teddy bears and other stuffed animals onto the ice after the home team scores its first goal. The tradition is believed to have started in 1993 with the Kamloops Blazers of the Western Hockey League. The stuffed animals are collected and donated to various charities, hospitals, and organizations that support children in need, especially during the holiday season. The event is known for generating a large number of donations and bringing communities together for a good cause.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teddy_Bear_Toss)\n\n During a Teddy Bear Toss event, the game is paused while the teddy bears are collected from the ice. The event has become a highly anticipated part of the season for many teams, with some teams setting records for the number of stuffed animals collected. For example, in 2019, the Hershey Bears of the American Hockey League set a world record by collecting over 45,650 stuffed animals in a single Teddy Bear Toss event.\n(https://www.nhl.com/news/hershey-bears-set-world-record-for-teddy-bear-toss/c-312315290)\n\n Orange juice is a liquid extract of the orange tree fruit, produced by squeezing or reaming oranges. It became a popular breakfast beverage in the United States in the early 20th century after the development of pasteurization, which allowed for longer storage and transportation. The state of Florida is one of the largest producers of orange juice in the world.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_juice)\n\n The cultivation of oranges is believed to have begun in Southeast Asia, and the fruit was introduced to the Mediterranean region by traders. From there, oranges spread to other parts of the world, including the Americas, where they became a significant agricultural product.\n(https://www.britannica.com/plant/orange-fruit-and-plant)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the event depicted in the photo where people throw teddy bears onto the ice rink?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The event depicted in the photo is known as the \"Teddy Bear Toss.\" It is a popular tradition in ice hockey, where fans throw teddy bears and other stuffed animals onto the ice after the home team scores its first goal. These stuffed animals are then collected and donated to children in need during the holiday season." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Elephants are large mammals of the family Elephantidae and the order Proboscidea. Three species are currently recognized: the African bush elephant, the African forest elephant, and the Asian elephant. Elephants are scattered throughout sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. Elephantidae is the only surviving family of the order Proboscidea; extinct members include the mastodons. The family Elephantidae also contains several now-extinct groups, including the mammoths and straight-tusked elephants. All elephants have several distinctive features, the most notable of which is a long trunk (also called a proboscis), used for many purposes, particularly breathing, lifting water, and grasping objects. Their incisors grow into tusks, which can serve as weapons and as tools for moving objects and digging. Elephants' large ear flaps help to control their body temperature. Their pillar-like legs can carry their great weight (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephant).\n\n Elephants are considered a keystone species due to their impact on their environments. They are known to create water holes used by other animals, dig up salt licks, and create paths in forests that other animals use. Elephants are also important in seed dispersal, which helps to maintain the ecological balance in their habitats (https://www.worldwildlife.org/species/elephant)." }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the name of the sport the person in the photo is participating in?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The provided knowledge does not pertain to the image, so I can't answer the question." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Oranges are one of the most well-known sources of vitamin C. A medium-sized orange provides about 70 mg of vitamin C, which is approximately 78% of the daily recommended intake for adults. Vitamin C is an essential nutrient involved in the repair of tissue and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters. It is required for the functioning of several enzymes and is important for immune system function. (https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/vitamin-c-benefits)\n\n Apples also contain vitamin C, though in smaller amounts compared to oranges. A medium-sized apple provides about 8.4 mg of vitamin C, which is about 9% of the daily recommended intake. While apples are beneficial for health due to their fiber content and other nutrients, they are not as rich in vitamin C as oranges. (https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/foods/apples)\n\n Disc golf is a flying disc sport in which players throw a disc at a target; it is played using rules similar to golf. It is often played on a course with 9 or 18 holes. The sport was first invented in the early 1900s, but the modern game of disc golf was formalized in the 1970s. Players complete a hole by throwing a disc from a tee area toward a target, typically a basket, in as few throws as possible. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disc_golf)\n\n The discs used in disc golf are smaller and heavier than traditional flying discs, designed for controlled flight and accuracy. There are various types of discs including drivers, mid-range discs, and putters, each used for different types of throws. (https://discgolf.com/disc-golf-education-development/disc-golf-faq/)\n\n The Professional Disc Golf Association (PDGA) is the governing body for the sport, and it organizes professional events and maintains the rules of play. Disc golf has grown in popularity worldwide, with courses available in urban parks, dedicated disc golf parks, and natural areas. (https://www.pdga.com/)\n\n Chess is a two-player strategy board game played on an 8x8 grid called a chessboard. Each player begins with 16 pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two knights, two bishops, and eight pawns. The objective of the game is to checkmate the opponent's king, which means the king is in a position to be captured (\"in check\") and there is no way to move the king out of capture (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess).\n\n The origins of chess are not definitively known, but the most widely accepted theory is that chess originated in India during the Gupta Empire around the 6th century AD. The game was known as chaturanga, which means \"four divisions of the military\" – infantry, cavalry, elephants, and chariots, which evolved into the modern pieces (https://www.chess.com/article/view/the-history-of-chess)." }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What sport is associated with the yellow disc seen in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The yellow disc seen in the photo is associated with disc golf. Disc golf is a flying disc sport in which players throw a disc at a target; it is played using rules similar to golf. The sport is often played on a course with 9 or 18 holes." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\nLaminate flooring is a multi-layer synthetic flooring product fused together with a lamination process. Laminate flooring simulates wood (or sometimes stone) with a photographic applique layer under a clear protective layer. The inner core layer is typically composed of melamine resin and fiberboard materials. Laminate floors are more affordable than traditional hardwood, are durable, and are resistant to scratches, moisture, and wear, making them a popular choice for high-traffic areas, including bathrooms and kitchens." }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the primary material used for the flooring in this bathroom?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The primary material used for the flooring in this bathroom appears to be laminate. Laminate flooring is a popular choice for bathrooms because it can mimic the look of hardwood or stone while being more affordable and durable. It is also resistant to moisture and easy to maintain, making it suitable for areas prone to water exposure." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The iPad is a line of tablet computers designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc., which runs on Apple's iOS and iPadOS mobile operating systems. The first iPad was released on April 3, 2010. It is a multipurpose device designed for a wide range of activities, including browsing the web, reading and sending emails, viewing photos, watching videos, listening to music, playing games, and reading e-books.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPad)\n\n The iPad's touchscreen interface and ease of use made it a popular choice for consumers, and it has since seen numerous iterations and improvements, including faster processors, better displays, and additional features such as cameras and support for the Apple Pencil.\n(https://www.apple.com/ipad/)\n\n\n A fish fillet is a boneless piece of fish, typically prepared by removing the bones and skin from the fish. Fish fillets are often grilled, baked, or fried and served with various side dishes such as rice, vegetables, or bread.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fillet_(cut))\n\n Grilled fish fillets are a popular dish in many cuisines around the world. They are often seasoned with herbs, spices, and lemon juice to enhance the flavor and are served with a variety of accompaniments.\n(https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/howto/guide/top-10-fish-recipes)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the main ingredient in the dish shown in the image?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The main ingredient in the dish shown in the image is fish fillet. The dish appears to be grilled fish fillet served with rice, vegetables, and flatbread." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Skiing is a means of transport using skis to glide on snow. Variations of purpose include basic transport, a recreational activity, or a competitive winter sport. Many types of competitive skiing events are recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), and the International Ski Federation (FIS). \n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skiing)\n\n Alpine skiing, also known as downhill skiing, involves sliding down snow-covered hills on skis with fixed-heel bindings. This discipline is characterized by the high speeds and steep slopes involved.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine_skiing)\n\n Cross-country skiing involves traversing large expanses of snow-covered terrain using skis with free-heel bindings, often over longer distances than alpine skiing. \n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-country_skiing)\n\n4) Freestyle skiing is a skiing discipline that encompasses various acrobatic tricks, jumps, and terrain park features. It includes events like moguls, aerials, and half-pipe.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freestyle_skiing)\n\n Wine tasting is the sensory examination and evaluation of wine. While the practice of wine tasting is as ancient as its production, a more formalized methodology has slowly become established from the 14th century onwards. Modern, professional wine tasters (such as sommeliers or buyers for retailers) use a constantly evolving specialized terminology which is used to describe the range of perceived flavors, aromas, and general characteristics of a wine. More informal, recreational tasting may use similar terminology, usually involving a much less analytical process for a more general, personal appreciation.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_tasting)\n\n Wine tasting events are often held in wineries, wine shops, or private homes. These events can include a variety of activities such as blind tastings, where participants try to identify wines without knowing what they are, and vertical tastings, which involve tasting different vintages of the same wine. The goal of these events is to educate participants about different wine styles, regions, and production methods, and to help them develop a more refined palate.\n(https://www.thespruceeats.com/what-is-wine-tasting-351104\n\n The teddy bear is a soft toy in the form of a bear. It was named after President Theodore \"Teddy\" Roosevelt, who, in 1902, during a hunting trip in Mississippi, famously refused to shoot a bear that had been captured for him. This event was widely publicized, and a toy maker named Morris Michtom created a stuffed bear in honor of the president's act of compassion, calling it \"Teddy's Bear.\" The toy became extremely popular and remains a beloved children's toy to this day.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teddy_bear)\n\n The teddy bear craze started in the early 20th century and has since become an enduring symbol of childhood and affection. The bears are often given as gifts to signify love, congratulations, or sympathy. Over the years, teddy bears have also become collectible items, with some rare and antique bears fetching high prices at auctions.\n(https://www.britannica.com/topic/teddy-bear)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the purpose of the event depicted in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The event depicted in the photo is a wine tasting. Wine tasting events are organized to allow participants to sample various wines, often with the aim of evaluating and comparing their qualities, flavors, and aromas. These events can be educational, social, or commercial, providing an opportunity for wine enthusiasts to expand their knowledge and refine their palate." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The Australian Open is a major tennis tournament held annually over the last fortnight of January in Melbourne, Australia. The tournament is played on hard courts and is the first of the four Grand Slam tennis events held each year, preceding the French Open, Wimbledon, and the US Open.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Open)\n\n The Australian Open features men's and women's singles; men's, women's, and mixed doubles; junior's championships; and wheelchair, legends, and exhibition events. First held in 1905, it was originally known as the Australasian Championships and later the Australian Championships before becoming the Australian Open in 1969.\n(https://www.tennis.com.au/about-us/tournaments/australian-open)\n\n The tournament was not held during World War I and World War II, and in 1988 it moved from the grass courts of Kooyong to the hard courts of Melbourne Park, where it has been played since. The event is known for its intense summer heat, which can pose challenges for players.\n(https://www.britannica.com/sports/Australian-Open)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What tennis tournament is known for being held in January on hard courts in Melbourne, Australia?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The tennis tournament known for being held in January on hard courts in Melbourne, Australia, is the Australian Open. It is one of the four Grand Slam tournaments." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Kite festivals are celebrated in many cultures around the world, often during the spring season. These festivals bring together families and communities to fly kites of various shapes, sizes, and colors. One such event is the \"Kite Festival\" at the Lake Harriet Bandshell in Minneapolis, Minnesota. This festival typically takes place in January or February, where participants fly kites on the frozen surface of Lake Harriet, making it a unique winter activity [oai_citation:1,Kite Festival at Lake Harriet, Minneapolis](https://www.minneapolisparks.org/activities-events/festivals-events/kite_festival/).\n\n The Lake Harriet Kite Festival is a popular winter event that attracts kite enthusiasts of all ages. The festival features kite flying, ice fishing, and other winter activities, creating a festive atmosphere despite the cold weather. It is an opportunity for families to enjoy outdoor activities and engage with the community [oai_citation:2,Minneapolis Kite Festival](https://www.minneapolis.org/calendar/kite-festival/).\n\n The Haflinger, also known as the Avelignese, is a breed of horse developed in Austria and northern Italy (namely Hafling in South Tyrol region) during the late 19th century. They are small, usually between 13.2 and 15 hands (54 and 60 inches, 137 and 152 cm), and always chestnut in color. Haflingers have distinctive gaits and are known for their hardiness, strength, and gentle temperament. They are used in many equestrian disciplines and are also popular as driving horses.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haflinger)\n\n Haflingers are known for their chestnut coats with a flaxen mane and tail. They were developed for use in mountainous terrains and are known for their surefootedness. The breed is also used for therapeutic riding due to their calm and gentle nature.\n(https://www.horseillustrated.com/horse-breeds-haflinger)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What breed is the horse with the blonde mane in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The horse with the blonde mane in the photo appears to be a Haflinger. Haflingers are known for their distinctive chestnut coat and flaxen mane and tail. They are a breed of horse developed in Austria and northern Italy, noted for their strength, stamina, and gentle temperament." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Surfing is a water sport in which the wave rider, referred to as a surfer, rides on the forward or deep face of a moving wave, which usually carries the surfer towards the shore. Waves suitable for surfing are primarily found in the ocean, but can also be found in lakes or rivers in the form of a standing wave or tidal bore.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surfing)\n\n The origin of surfing dates back to ancient Polynesian culture. Surfing was first observed by Europeans in 1767 in Tahiti. Later, it was seen in Hawaii, where it became a central part of the culture. The sport was popularized globally in the 20th century, particularly in the coastal regions of the United States, Australia, and other countries with suitable wave conditions.\n(https://www.surfertoday.com/surfing/the-history-of-surfing)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What sport is the person in the photo engaging in, and what is its origin?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The person in the photo is engaging in surfing. Surfing originated in ancient Polynesian culture and was first observed by Europeans in the 18th century in Tahiti and Hawaii. It has since become a popular sport worldwide, especially in coastal areas with suitable waves." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Polar bears are carnivorous and primarily hunt seals, which are their main food source. They are particularly fond of ringed seals and bearded seals. Polar bears rely on sea ice as a platform from which they hunt seals, waiting near holes in the ice to catch them when they come up for air.\n The polar bear's diet consists almost entirely of seals. They are well adapted to their cold environment and have developed hunting strategies that take advantage of the sea ice habitat. They can detect a seal's breathing hole from almost a mile away and patiently wait for hours for the seal to surface." }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the primary diet of the animal shown in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The animal in the photo is a polar bear. The primary diet of polar bears consists mainly of seals, particularly ringed and bearded seals. They rely heavily on sea ice to hunt their prey." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The American Robin (Turdus migratorius) is a migratory songbird of the true thrush genus and Turdidae, the wider thrush family. It is named after the European Robin because of its reddish-orange breast, though the two species are not closely related. The American Robin is widely distributed throughout North America and is known for its melodious song, which is often heard early in the morning.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_robin)\n\n The American Robin is a common sight in gardens and parks, where it feeds on insects, earthworms, and berries. It is one of the first birds to start singing at dawn, and its song is a familiar sound of early spring. The American Robin's orange-red breast makes it easily recognizable.\n(https://www.audubon.org/field-guide/bird/american-robin)\n\n Skateboarding can be a risky activity, and wearing proper safety gear is essential to prevent injuries. Helmets are crucial for protecting the head from serious injuries. Knee pads and elbow pads help protect against fractures and scrapes in case of falls. Wrist guards are important because they can help prevent wrist fractures, which are common in skateboarding. (https://www.skateboardershq.com/skateboard-safety-gear-guide/)\n\n According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, skateboarding injuries can be significantly reduced by wearing appropriate safety gear. Helmets can reduce the risk of head injuries by 85%, while wrist guards can reduce the risk of wrist injuries by 87%. Knee and elbow pads also contribute to reducing the severity of injuries during falls. (https://www.healthychildren.org/English/safety-prevention/at-play/Pages/Skateboard-Safety.aspx)\n\n The German Shorthaired Pointer (GSP) is a breed of dog developed in the 19th century in Germany for hunting. A versatile hunting breed, the GSP is an all-purpose gun dog capable of both pointing and retrieving game. The breed’s coat is short and dense, typically featuring a combination of liver (brown) and white colors with spots or patches. GSPs are known for their high energy, intelligence, and athleticism, making them excellent companions for active individuals and families.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Shorthaired_Pointer)\n\n German Shorthaired Pointers have a distinct appearance with their short, sleek coat, which can be solid liver or liver and white with various patterns such as spots or ticking. They have long ears, a broad muzzle, and a well-muscled, athletic build. These dogs are highly energetic and require plenty of exercise and mental stimulation. They are also known for their friendly and cooperative temperament.\n(https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/german-shorthaired-pointer/)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is a common safety gear that skateboarders should wear to prevent injuries?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A common safety gear that skateboarders should wear to prevent injuries includes helmets, knee pads, elbow pads, and wrist guards. These protective gears help minimize the risk of fractures, sprains, and head injuries during falls or accidents." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Neapolitan pizza (Italian: pizza napoletana) is a style of pizza that originated in Naples, Italy. This type of pizza is made with simple and fresh ingredients: a basic dough, raw tomatoes, fresh mozzarella cheese, fresh basil, and olive oil. It is traditionally cooked in a wood-fired oven and has a thin, soft, and chewy crust.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neapolitan_pizza)\n\n The Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana (AVPN) is a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with the mission of promoting and protecting authentic Neapolitan pizza. According to AVPN, an authentic Neapolitan pizza must be made with specific ingredients and follow a particular preparation method, including hand-stretching the dough and cooking it in a wood-fired oven at a high temperature for a short amount of time.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associazione_Verace_Pizza_Napoletana)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What type of pizza is typically associated with the city of Naples, Italy, and is characterized by its thin crust and simple toppings?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The type of pizza typically associated with the city of Naples, Italy, is the Neapolitan pizza. It is characterized by its thin crust, simple toppings such as tomatoes, mozzarella cheese, fresh basil, salt, and olive oil, and is traditionally cooked in a wood-fired oven." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Aerobatic aircraft are designed for aerobatics, which involves performing maneuvers not used in normal flight, such as loops, rolls, and spins. One of the most iconic aerobatic aircraft is the biplane, particularly the Pitts Special. The Pitts Special is an aerobatic biplane designed by Curtis Pitts in 1944 and is known for its agility and performance capabilities.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitts_Special)\n\n Biplanes have two wings stacked one above the other. They were popular in the early days of aviation and are still used today in aerobatic competitions and air shows due to their excellent maneuverability and structural strength.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biplane)\n\n The Pitts Special is a series of light aerobatic biplanes that have dominated world aerobatic competition since their first flight. They are renowned for their ability to perform complex aerobatic maneuvers and are commonly seen in air shows.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerobatic_aircraft)\n\n The Himalayas, or Himalaya, is a mountain range in South and Central Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has some of Earth's highest peaks, including the very highest, Mount Everest in Nepal and Tibet, and K2 on the border of Pakistan and China. The Himalayas include over fifty mountains exceeding 7,200 meters (23,600 ft) in elevation, including ten of the fourteen 8,000-meter peaks.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayas)\n\n The Himalayas are spread across five countries: Bhutan, China, India, Nepal, and Pakistan. The mountain range is home to many of the world's highest peaks, including Mount Everest (8,848 meters), which is the highest point on Earth. The range plays a crucial role in regulating the climate of the Indian subcontinent and is a source of major rivers such as the Ganges, the Brahmaputra, and the Indus.\n(https://www.britannica.com/place/Himalayas)\n\n Prom, short for promenade, is a formal dance event typically held at the end of the high school year in the United States and Canada. It is a significant social event where students dress in formal attire, often tuxedos for boys and evening gowns for girls, and celebrate with music, dancing, and various activities. The event is often seen as a rite of passage for high school students.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prom)\n\n Prom is usually held in the spring, and preparations include renting limousines, buying corsages and boutonnieres, and booking professional photographers. It is also common for students to form groups and go to dinner before the event. The event can take place in school gyms, hotels, or other venues and often includes a prom king and queen ceremony.\n(https://www.britannica.com/topic/prom-dance)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the name of the event at which people traditionally wear formal attire like in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The event is likely a prom, a formal dance event typically held at the end of the high school year in the United States and Canada. It is a significant social event where students dress in formal attire, often tuxedos for boys and evening gowns for girls, and celebrate with music, dancing, and various activities." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Basset Hounds are a short-legged breed of dog of the hound family. They are scent hounds that were originally bred for the purpose of hunting hare. Their sense of smell for tracking is second only to that of the Bloodhound. Basset Hounds have a distinctive appearance with their long ears, droopy eyes, and wrinkled skin.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basset_Hound)\n\n The name Basset is derived from the French word “bas,” meaning \"low,\" with the attenuating suffix “-et,” together meaning \"rather low.\" Basset Hounds are known for their large, domed heads, long, velvety ears, and sad, droopy eyes. They have a powerful sense of smell and are used as hunting dogs for tracking small game.\n(https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/basset-hound/)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What role does the person in the photo hold, as indicated by their attire?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The external content isn't applicable to the image, so I can't answer the question." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n A dishwasher is a machine used to clean dishware, cookware, and cutlery automatically. Unlike manual dishwashing, which relies heavily on physical scrubbing to remove soiling, the mechanical dishwasher cleans by spraying hot water, typically between 45 and 75 °C (110 and 170 °F), at the dishes, with lower temperatures used for delicate items.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dishwasher)\n\n Dishwashers are used in residential and commercial kitchens to automate the process of washing dishes, thereby saving time and effort. Modern dishwashers often include features such as multiple washing cycles, sanitizing rinse, and energy efficiency options. They have become a common household appliance in many parts of the world.\n(https://home.howstuffworks.com/dishwasher.htm)\n\n Oranges are an excellent source of Vitamin C. One medium-sized orange provides about 70 mg of Vitamin C, which is 78% of the recommended daily intake. Vitamin C is an essential nutrient involved in the repair of tissue and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters. It is also necessary for the function of several enzymes and is important for immune system function.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_(fruit))\n\n Bananas contain several vitamins and minerals. They are a good source of Vitamin C, providing about 10% of the daily value per 100 grams. Vitamin C is important for the growth and repair of tissues in all parts of your body. It is also an antioxidant that helps reduce damage caused by free radicals.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana)\n\n Before the widespread use of automobiles, horses were an essential mode of transportation. They were used for riding, pulling carriages, and transporting goods. Horses were integral to daily life and commerce, providing mobility and enabling trade over longer distances.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse#Work)\n\n In many parts of the world, especially in rural and undeveloped regions, horses remained a primary means of transportation well into the 20th century. They were valued for their speed, strength, and endurance.\n(https://www.britannica.com/animal/horse/Uses-of-the-horse)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the primary function of the silver appliance visible under the counter in this kitchen?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The silver appliance visible under the counter in this kitchen is a dishwasher. A dishwasher's primary function is to clean and sanitize dishes, utensils, and cookware by spraying them with hot water and detergent, then rinsing and drying them." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n CRT stands for Cathode Ray Tube. It is a technology that was commonly used in older television sets and computer monitors. Inside a CRT, electron guns fire beams of electrons towards the phosphorescent screen. When these electrons hit the screen, they light up to form images. The screen is coated with phosphorescent material that glows when struck by the electron beams.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathode-ray_tube)\n\n The first commercially available CRT television sets were produced in the early 1930s. CRT technology dominated the television market for many decades due to its ability to produce high-quality images. However, it has largely been replaced by newer technologies like LCD, LED, and OLED displays, which are more energy-efficient and offer better resolution and picture quality.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_television)\n\n Wooden bed frames are popular for their durability and traditional aesthetic. They are often made from hardwoods like oak, maple, or walnut, which are known for their strength and longevity. These bed frames can add a classic touch to any bedroom and are available in various styles and finishes to suit different tastes.\n(https://www.houzz.com/magazine/wood-bed-frames-what-you-need-to-know-stsetivw-vs~11130822\n\n Hardwood bed frames, such as those made from oak, are particularly valued for their robustness. Oak is a dense and durable wood that can withstand years of use, making it a preferred material for furniture that needs to endure significant wear and tear.\n(https://www.woodlandcreekfurniture.com/blog/why-oak-is-the-best-wood-for-bed-frames/)\n" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the type of bed frame shown in the image known for its durability and traditional aesthetic?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The bed frame shown in the image is a wooden bed frame, known for its durability and traditional aesthetic. Wooden bed frames are typically made from hardwoods like oak, maple, or walnut, which provide strength and a classic look that can complement various bedroom styles." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n macOS is a series of proprietary graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Apple Inc. since 2001. It is the primary operating system for Apple's Mac computers. Within the market of desktop, laptop, and home computers, and by web usage, it is the second most widely used desktop OS, after Microsoft Windows.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacOS)\n\n The iMac is a family of all-in-one Macintosh desktop computers designed and built by Apple Inc. It has been the primary part of Apple's consumer desktop offerings since its debut in August 1998, and has evolved through various forms, now characterized by a slim design and the use of macOS.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMac)\n\n Bananas are an excellent source of vitamin B6, supplying 20% of the daily value per serving. They also provide vitamin C, manganese, and dietary fiber. The high potassium content in bananas helps maintain heart health and regulate blood pressure. Additionally, bananas are known to support digestive health due to their fiber content, which aids in regular bowel movements and prevents constipation (https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/271157).\n\n The natural sugars in bananas, such as fructose, glucose, and sucrose, provide a quick energy boost, making them ideal for breakfast or as a pre-workout snack. The presence of dietary fiber helps slow the digestion of these sugars, preventing blood sugar spikes and providing sustained energy (https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/11-proven-benefits-of-bananas).\n\n Bangkok has an extensive bus network operated by the Bangkok Mass Transit Authority (BMTA), which provides a cost-effective and widely used mode of transportation for both locals and tourists. The city's buses cover a vast area, making it possible to reach most parts of Bangkok and its suburbs. They are an essential part of the public transportation system in Bangkok, complementing other forms of transport such as the BTS Skytrain and MRT subway.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buses_in_Bangkok)\n\n The BMTA operates both air-conditioned and non-air-conditioned buses, with varying fare rates. Buses are numbered and color-coded according to their routes, and they operate from early morning until late at night. Despite the traffic congestion in Bangkok, buses remain a popular choice due to their affordability and comprehensive route coverage.\n(https://www.transitbangkok.com/bangkok_buses.html)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What nutritional benefits do bananas provide that make them a popular breakfast choice?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Bananas are a popular breakfast choice due to their rich nutritional profile. They provide essential vitamins and minerals such as vitamin C, vitamin B6, potassium, and dietary fiber. Bananas are known to boost energy levels, support heart health, and aid digestion. Their natural sugars and fiber content make them a quick source of energy and help maintain steady blood sugar levels." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The Swaledale sheep is a breed native to the United Kingdom, specifically to the Yorkshire Dales in North Yorkshire. Named after the valley of the River Swale in Yorkshire, Swaledale sheep are known for their hardiness and adaptability to the rugged terrain and harsh climate of the region. They have distinctive black faces with white markings and are primarily used for producing lamb and wool.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swaledale_sheep)\n\n The Yorkshire Dales is a region of Northern England known for its picturesque landscapes, rolling hills, and traditional farming practices. Sheep farming is a significant part of the local economy and culture, and Swaledale sheep are one of the most commonly bred varieties due to their suitability for the environment.\n(https://www.yorkshiredales.org.uk/about-the-dales/farming-in-the-dales)\n\n An electric stove or electric range is a stove that converts electrical energy into heat to cook and bake. The modern electric stove often has a flat ceramic or glass-ceramic surface. Electric stoves became more popular as replacements for solid-fuel (wood or coal) stoves which required more labor to operate and maintain. Electric stoves are easier to clean and use and are safer because they do not produce open flames.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_stove)\n\n The oven is a chamber used for cooking, baking, roasting, and broiling. Modern ovens often have multiple heating elements that can be adjusted to provide different types of heat (convection, radiant, etc.) for different cooking techniques.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oven)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What breed of sheep is commonly found in the Yorkshire Dales, where the photo is likely taken?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The breed of sheep commonly found in the Yorkshire Dales is the Swaledale sheep. This breed is well adapted to the harsh climate and terrain of the region." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Christmas is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed primarily on December 25th as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world. A feast central to the Christian liturgical year, it is preceded by the season of Advent or the Nativity Fast and initiates the season of Christmastide, which historically in the West lasts twelve days and culminates on Twelfth Night. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas)\n\n Popular customs include exchanging gifts, decorating Christmas trees, attending church, sharing meals with family and friends, and, of course, waiting for Santa Claus to arrive. The Christmas tree is often the focal point of the home during the holiday season, adorned with lights, ornaments, and often a star or angel on top. (https://www.history.com/topics/christmas/history-of-christmas-trees)\n\n The modern Christmas tree, though originating in Germany, has become a prominent symbol of the Christmas season worldwide. Its decorations often include lights, tinsel, ornaments, and sometimes candy canes, with presents placed underneath it. (https://www.britannica.com/plant/Christmas-tree)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the traditional holiday associated with the decorations seen in the image?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The traditional holiday associated with the decorations seen in the image is Christmas. Christmas is celebrated on December 25th and is known for its festive decorations, such as Christmas trees, lights, and ornaments, as well as the exchange of gifts." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The Percheron is a breed of draft horse that originated in the Huisne river valley in western France, part of the former Perche province from which the breed takes its name. Usually gray or black in color, Percherons are well-muscled, and known for their intelligence and willingness to work. They are used for various purposes including agriculture, logging, and carriage driving.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percheron)\n\n Percherons are known for their strength and ability to work in various conditions. They have been used historically in battle, as well as for pulling stagecoaches, and today they are often seen in parades, equestrian competitions, and used for heavy farm work.\n(https://www.equineridge.com/percheron-horses)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What breed is the horse in the photo likely to be and what are its common uses?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The horse in the photo is likely to be a Percheron, a breed of draft horse known for its strength and versatility. Percherons are commonly used for agricultural work, logging, and driving carriages. They are also popular in equestrian competitions and parades due to their impressive appearance and gentle temperament." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Wimbledon, officially known as The Championships, Wimbledon, is the oldest tennis tournament in the world and is widely regarded as the most prestigious. It has been held at the All England Club in Wimbledon, London, since 1877 and is played on outdoor grass courts. Wimbledon is one of the four Grand Slam tennis tournaments, the others being the Australian Open, the French Open, and the US Open.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wimbledon_Championships)\n\n Wimbledon is known for its strict dress code for competitors, who are required to wear all-white clothing. The tournament is also famous for its traditions, such as the consumption of strawberries and cream by spectators. The event takes place over two weeks in late June and early July, culminating with the Ladies' and Gentlemen's Singles Finals.\n(https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/about_wimbledon/traditions.html)\n\n Broccoli is high in many nutrients, including fiber, vitamin C, vitamin K, iron, and potassium. It also boasts more protein than most other vegetables. This green vegetable can be enjoyed both raw and cooked, but recent research shows that gentle steaming provides the most health benefits.\n(https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/foods/broccoli)\n\n Broccoli contains sulforaphane, an organic compound that has been shown to offer strong anti-cancer properties. It also contains high levels of glucoraphanin, which the body processes into sulforaphane, and is believed to help protect against certain types of cancer.\n(https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/266765)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the name of the most prestigious tennis tournament held on grass courts?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The most prestigious tennis tournament held on grass courts is Wimbledon. It is one of the four Grand Slam tournaments and takes place annually in London, United Kingdom. Wimbledon is known for its traditions, including an all-white dress code for players and the consumption of strawberries and cream by spectators." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The Cape Gannet (Morus capensis) is a large seabird of the gannet family, Sulidae. It breeds in large colonies on islands off the coast of Namibia and South Africa. The largest colonies are found on Bird Island in Algoa Bay, South Africa.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_gannet)\n\n Cape Gannets are easily recognizable by their striking white plumage with black wingtips and a distinctive yellowish crown. They are noted for their dramatic plunge-diving behavior, where they dive from heights to catch fish.\n(https://www.birdlife.org/worldwide/news/cape-gannet)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the technique called that snowboarders use to slow down or stop on a slope?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The external content isn't applicable to the image, so I can't answer the question." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n A potluck is a communal gathering where each guest or group contributes a different, often homemade dish of food to be shared. The term potluck is commonly used in North America and is associated with community events, church gatherings, and social get-togethers where people come together to share a meal [oai_citation:1,Potluck - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potluck).\n\n A soup kitchen, meal center, or food kitchen is a place where food is offered to the hungry for free or at a below-market price. Frequently located in lower-income neighborhoods, they are often staffed by volunteer organizations, such as church or community groups, to help feed the needy or homeless individuals within the community [oai_citation:2,Soup kitchen - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soup_kitchen).\n\nHotels are establishments that provide paid lodging on a short-term basis. Facilities provided inside a hotel room can range from a modest-quality mattress in a small room to large suites with bigger, higher-quality beds, dressers, refrigerators, and other kitchen facilities, upholstered chairs, a flat-screen television, and en-suite bathrooms. Small, lower-priced hotels may offer only the most basic guest services and facilities. Larger, higher-priced hotels may provide additional guest facilities such as a swimming pool, business center (with computers, printers, and other office equipment), childcare, conference and event facilities, tennis or basketball courts, gymnasium, restaurants, day spa, and social function services. Hotel rooms are usually numbered (or named in some smaller hotels and B&Bs) to allow guests to identify their room. Some boutique, high-end hotels have custom-decorated rooms. Some hotels offer meals as part of a room and board arrangement. In the United Kingdom, a hotel is required by law to serve food and drinks to all guests within certain stated hours. In Japan, capsule hotels provide a minimized amount of room space and shared facilities." }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the most common reason for people to stay in a hotel room like the one in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The most common reason for people to stay in a hotel room like the one in the photo is for travel purposes, such as business trips or vacations. Hotels provide accommodation for travelers who need a temporary place to stay while away from home." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The Banzai Pipeline, or simply \"Pipeline,\" is a surf reef break located in Hawaii, on Oahu's North Shore. It is renowned for its large and powerful waves that break in shallow water just above a sharp and cavernous reef, forming large, hollow curls of water that surfers can ride through.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banzai_Pipeline)\n\n The waves at Pipeline are considered some of the most dangerous in the world, attracting professional surfers from around the globe. The break is particularly famous for its \"tubes\" or \"barrels,\" where the wave curls over a surfer, creating a tunnel of water.\n(https://magicseaweed.com/Banzai-Pipeline-Surf-Guide/616/)\n\n\n The Washington Monument is an iconic obelisk on the National Mall in Washington, D.C. It was built to commemorate George Washington, the first President of the United States, and is one of the most recognizable structures in the city. The monument stands 555 feet tall and was completed in 1884.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_Monument)\n\n The Blossom Kite Festival is an annual event that takes place near the Washington Monument as part of the National Cherry Blossom Festival. This festival celebrates the blooming of cherry blossom trees gifted by Japan to the United States in 1912. The event includes kite flying, competitions, and demonstrations, attracting participants and spectators from around the world.\n(https://nationalcherryblossomfestival.org/blossom-kite-festival/)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What annual event often takes place near the monument shown in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The photo shows the Washington Monument. An annual event that often takes place near the Washington Monument is the Blossom Kite Festival. This festival is part of the National Cherry Blossom Festival in Washington, D.C., celebrating the blooming of cherry blossom trees and featuring kite flying, competitions, and demonstrations." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\nThe Thames River is the longest river entirely in England and the second-longest in the United Kingdom, after the River Severn. It flows through southern England, including the city of London. The Thames has played a central role in the history and culture of London and the surrounding region. Many iconic landmarks can be found along its banks, such as the Tower Bridge, the Houses of Parliament, and the London Eye. The river is also known for its annual events, such as The Boat Race between Oxford and Cambridge universities." }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the traditional holiday decoration seen in the image, and what is its significance?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "I couldn't find relevant external knowledge to answer the question about the image." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The catcher is a position for a baseball or softball player. When a batter takes their turn to hit, the catcher squats behind home plate and receives the ball from the pitcher. In addition to their primary duty of catching pitches, catchers are also responsible for fielding bunts and protecting home plate during plays at the plate. They must have a strong arm to prevent base stealing and are involved in calling the game by suggesting pitches to the pitcher. The catcher is often considered one of the most strategic and demanding positions in baseball due to the need for constant awareness and quick decision-making.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catcher)\n\n Catchers are equipped with special gear to protect themselves from pitches, foul tips, and collisions at home plate. This gear includes a helmet with a face mask, chest protector, leg guards, and a catcher's mitt. The role of the catcher is critical in coordinating the team's defense and in handling the pitching staff, often requiring strong leadership and communication skills.\n(https://www.mlb.com/glossary/positions/catcher)\n\n The brigade de cuisine (kitchen brigade) system was developed by Georges Auguste Escoffier. It is a hierarchical system that delegates specific responsibilities to kitchen staff. Each position in the brigade is assigned a specific role, such as the saucier (sauce chef), pâtissier (pastry chef), and poissonier (fish chef). This system is designed to streamline operations and ensure each dish is prepared with consistent quality and efficiency.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brigade_de_cuisine)\n\n Auguste Escoffier (1846–1935) was a French chef, restaurateur, and culinary writer who popularized and updated traditional French cooking methods. He is often referred to as the \"king of chefs and chef of kings.\" Escoffier's most significant contribution to the culinary world was the development of the brigade de cuisine system, which revolutionized the way professional kitchens were organized and operated.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auguste_Escoffier)\n\n The Anzac-class frigates are a class of ten frigates built by Tenix Defence Systems for the Royal Australian Navy and Royal New Zealand Navy. The Anzac class is based on the German MEKO 200 frigate design, and the ships were constructed between 1993 and 2006. The primary roles of the Anzac-class frigates are air defense, surface and undersea warfare, surveillance, reconnaissance, and interdiction.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anzac-class_frigate)\n\n The Anzac-class frigates are designed to carry a range of weapons and sensors for anti-air, anti-surface, and anti-submarine warfare. Each ship is equipped with a 5-inch gun, anti-ship missiles, torpedoes, and a variety of machine guns for close-in defense. They also carry a helicopter for extended range and versatility in various missions.\n(https://www.navy.gov.au/fleet/ships-boats-craft/ffh)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the role of the person in the foreground of the photo in a baseball game?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The person in the foreground of the photo is wearing catcher's gear, indicating that their role in a baseball game is the catcher. The catcher is a crucial defensive player positioned behind home plate who receives pitches from the pitcher. They are responsible for catching the ball, preventing base stealing, and working with the pitcher to strategize pitch selection. The catcher also plays a key role in fielding bunts and guarding home plate during plays at the plate." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Blueberries are rich in antioxidants, particularly anthocyanins, which give them their blue color and help reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in the body. (https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/foods/blueberries)\n\n Blueberries are also a good source of vitamins C and K, fiber, and manganese. Regular consumption of blueberries is linked to numerous health benefits, such as improved brain function, reduced risk of heart disease, and better management of blood sugar levels. (https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/287710)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the origin of the pastry that looks like a small, round chocolate cake with a smooth top?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "I lack the necessary related information to answer the question about the image." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Grain silos are structures for storing bulk materials. Silos are used in agriculture to store grain or fermented feed known as silage. Silos are more commonly used for bulk storage of grain, coal, cement, carbon black, woodchips, food products, and sawdust. Three types of silos are in widespread use today: tower silos, bunker silos, and bag silos. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silo)\n\n Grain silos are used to store grains in bulk and protect them from pests and weather. They ensure that the grain remains dry and safe from infestations, which is crucial for maintaining a stable food supply. Silos are often equipped with systems to aerate the grain and manage temperature and moisture levels. (https://www.grainsystems.com/na/en/systems/storage/silos.html)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the primary use of the tall cylindrical structures seen in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The tall cylindrical structures seen in the photo are grain silos. Grain silos are primarily used for the storage of bulk materials, particularly grains such as wheat, corn, and soybeans. They help in protecting the grain from pests and weather, ensuring a stable supply for food production." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Ultimate, originally known as Ultimate Frisbee, is a non-contact team sport played with a flying disc (Frisbee). The object of the game is to score points by catching a pass in the opposing team's end zone. Players may not run with the disc, and must advance it by passing to teammates. The sport, which was developed in 1968 by a group of students at Columbia High School in Maplewood, New Jersey, combines elements of soccer, football, and basketball.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_(sport))\n\n Ultimate is played on a rectangular field with end zones at each end. A standard field is 64 meters long by 37 meters wide, with end zones 18 meters deep. Each point begins with both teams lining up on the front of their respective end zone line. The defense throws (\"pulls\") the disc to the offense. A regulation game has seven players per team.\n(https://www.usaultimate.org/resources/officiating/rules/default.aspx)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the sport that the person in the photo is playing?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The sport that the person in the photo is playing is Ultimate Frisbee. Ultimate Frisbee is a non-contact team sport played with a flying disc (Frisbee). The objective is to score points by catching the disc in the opposing team's end zone. Players cannot run while holding the disc and must advance it by passing to teammates." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The California Zephyr is a passenger train service operated by Amtrak in the United States. The train runs daily between Chicago, Illinois, and Emeryville, California, near San Francisco. The original California Zephyr (the \"Silver Lady\") ran from 1949 to 1970 and was operated by the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad, and Western Pacific Railroad. The train was known for its scenic route and dome cars, which provided panoramic views of the passing landscape. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Zephyr)\n\n The California Zephyr was renowned for its beautiful route through the Rocky Mountains and the Sierra Nevada. It was one of the most scenic train routes in the United States, and its dome cars offered passengers stunning views of the natural landscapes. The train included luxurious amenities and services, making it a popular choice for long-distance travel. (https://www.american-rails.com/california-zephyr.html)\n\n The Great Blizzard of 1922, also known as the Knickerbocker Storm, was a significant snowstorm that affected the northeastern United States in January 1922. The storm was named after the collapse of the Knickerbocker Theatre in Washington, D.C., which occurred due to the weight of the snow, resulting in numerous fatalities and injuries.\n The storm began on January 27, 1922, and continued until January 29, 1922. It brought heavy snowfall, with some areas receiving up to 28 inches of snow. The storm caused widespread disruption, including the collapse of buildings, transportation issues, and power outages.\n The Knickerbocker Theatre disaster, which occurred on January 28, 1922, was the most tragic event of the storm. The theater's roof collapsed under the weight of the snow during a movie screening, leading to the deaths of 98 people and injuring 133 others. This event highlighted the need for better building standards and emergency preparedness during severe weather conditions.\n\n In baseball, the catcher is a position on the field that requires the player to wear protective gear due to the nature of the role, which involves catching pitches thrown by the pitcher. The gear typically includes a helmet with a face mask, a chest protector, and shin guards to protect against foul balls and errant pitches. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catcher)\n\n The catcher's responsibilities include receiving pitches, blocking balls in the dirt, throwing out base runners attempting to steal, and providing leadership on the field by signaling pitch types and locations to the pitcher. The catcher often has a comprehensive understanding of the game and works closely with the pitcher to strategize against opposing batters. (https://www.baseball-reference.com/bullpen/Catcher)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What historical event is depicted in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The photo depicts a scene from the Great Blizzard of 1922, also known as the Knickerbocker Storm. This historic snowstorm hit the northeastern United States in January 1922 and was named after the collapse of the Knickerbocker Theatre in Washington, D.C., which resulted in numerous fatalities." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\nSeafood restaurants are dining establishments that specialize in serving seafood, including fish, shellfish, and other marine delicacies. These restaurants often feature a casual dining atmosphere and may have menu boards displaying daily specials. Seafood is a popular choice for diners due to its variety and health benefits, and such establishments can range from simple, casual settings to more upscale environments.\n\n A skip (British English) or dumpster (American English) is a large open-topped waste container designed for loading onto a special type of lorry (truck). Instead of being emptied into a garbage truck on site, as a wheelie bin is, a skip is removed, or replaced by an empty skip, and then tipped at a landfill site or transfer station (waste management).\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skip_(container))\n\n Skips are primarily used for the removal of construction and demolition waste, garden waste, and other large-volume waste. They are designed to be durable and capable of withstanding the rough handling typically encountered on construction sites. Skips come in various sizes to accommodate different volumes of waste.\n(https://www.biffa.co.uk/business-waste/skip-hire)\n\n Afton Mountain Vineyards is located in the Monticello AVA in Virginia, an area known for its unique microclimate and ideal grape-growing conditions. The Blue Ridge Mountains create a specific environment that benefits viticulture by moderating temperatures and providing good air drainage, which reduces the risk of frost. \n Virginia has a long history of wine production, dating back to the early colonial period, and has become a significant wine-producing state in the U.S. due to its diverse terroir and increasing number of high-quality wineries.\n Afton Mountain Vineyards is one of the oldest wineries in this region and has played a crucial role in establishing the reputation of Monticello AVA as a premium wine-producing area. The vineyard produces a variety of wines, including Chardonnay, Cabernet Franc, and Pinot Noir, which are well-regarded both locally and nationally." }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What type of establishment are the people in the photo likely dining at?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The people in the photo are likely dining at a seafood restaurant. The presence of a menu board in the background and the type of food in the takeout container suggest they are at a casual dining place specializing in seafood." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Doughnuts are typically deep-fried from a flour dough and are either ring-shaped or without a hole and filled. The earliest origins of doughnuts are traced back to Dutch settlers in early New York (then New Amsterdam) who brought with them recipes for \"olykoeks,\" or oily cakes.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doughnut)\n\n The first cookbook mentioning doughnuts was published in 1803, where they were included as part of an appendix of American recipes. The term \"doughnut\" is first mentioned in Washington Irving's 1809 book \"A History of New York,\" which described \"balls of sweetened dough, fried in hog's fat, and called doughnuts, or olykoeks.\"\n(https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-2219080\n\n Today, doughnuts are enjoyed worldwide in various forms, including filled, ring-shaped, and decorated with icing and sprinkles, as seen in the photo.\n(https://www.thespruceeats.com/the-history-of-doughnuts-180760\n\n Blue Impulse is the aerobatic demonstration team of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF). Originally formed in 1960 as a team of six F-86 Sabres, the team transitioned to Mitsubishi T-2 jets in 1980 and then to the Kawasaki T-4 in 1995. The team is known for performing precision aerial maneuvers and creating intricate smoke patterns during air shows and public events.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Impulse)\n\n The Kawasaki T-4 is a Japanese subsonic intermediate jet trainer aircraft used by the Japan Air Self-Defense Force. It has been in service since the early 1990s and is primarily used for training fighter pilots. The T-4 is also the aircraft used by the Blue Impulse team for their aerobatic displays.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawasaki_T-4)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the name of the aerobatic team that uses this aircraft?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The aircraft in the photo is used by the Blue Impulse, the aerobatic demonstration team of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF). The aircraft shown is a Kawasaki T-4, which is the current aircraft used by the team for their performances." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Plastic pollution is the accumulation of plastic objects and particles (e.g., plastic bottles, bags, and microbeads) in the Earth's environment that adversely affects wildlife, wildlife habitat, and humans. Plastics that act as pollutants are categorized into micro-, meso-, or macro debris, based on size.\n It is estimated that 8 million metric tons of plastic waste enter the ocean each year. This plastic waste causes harm to marine life, often resulting in ingestion, suffocation, and entanglement of animals such as seabirds, turtles, fish, and marine mammals. \n The production of plastic bottles involves petroleum-based processes, which contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, the energy consumption in the manufacturing and transportation of plastic bottles adds to their environmental footprint." }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the significance of the bus type shown in the image in terms of transportation history in London?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "I can't respond to the question because the retrieved information is unrelated to the image." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Sushi is a traditional Japanese dish of prepared vinegared rice (鮨飯, sushi-meshi), usually with some sugar and salt, accompanying a variety of ingredients (ネタ, neta), such as seafood, often raw, and vegetables. Styles of sushi and its presentation vary widely, but the one key ingredient is \"sushi rice,\" also referred to as shari (しゃり), or sumeshi (酢飯). (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sushi)\n\n Japanese cuisine encompasses the regional and traditional foods of Japan, which have developed through centuries of social and economic changes. The traditional cuisine of Japan, washoku (和食), lit. \"Japanese eating,\" is based on rice with miso soup and other dishes; there is an emphasis on seasonal ingredients. Side dishes often consist of fish, pickled vegetables, and vegetables cooked in broth. Seafood is common, often grilled, but also served raw as sashimi or in sushi. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_cuisine)\n\n Cattle are raised for a variety of purposes including meat (beef and veal), dairy products (milk), and leather. Beef cattle are specifically bred for the quality and quantity of meat they produce. Dairy cattle, on the other hand, are bred for the high volume of milk they can produce. The hides of cattle are processed into leather, which is used in a wide range of products including clothing, shoes, and furniture.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattle)\n\n In addition to these primary uses, cattle can also serve as draft animals in many parts of the world. Draft cattle are used to pull carts, plows, and other farming equipment. This use of cattle is particularly common in developing countries where mechanized farming equipment may not be available or affordable.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draft_animal)\n\n The Elizabeth Tower, originally named the Clock Tower, was renamed in 2012 to honor Queen Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee. It is one of the most prominent symbols of the United Kingdom and is part of the Palace of Westminster in London. The tower houses the Great Bell, commonly known as Big Ben, which is often mistakenly used to refer to the entire tower or the clock itself. \n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Ben)\n\n The tower was completed in 1859 and stands at 96 meters tall. The clock inside is known for its reliability and accuracy, and the Great Bell, Big Ben, chimes every hour. The tower has become an iconic landmark and a symbol of parliamentary democracy.\n(https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/building/palace/big-ben/)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the official name of the tower that houses this clock?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The official name of the tower that houses this clock is the Elizabeth Tower. It is commonly known as Big Ben, although Big Ben actually refers to the Great Bell inside the tower." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Mirror self-recognition (MSR) is a behavioral test developed in 1970 by psychologist Gordon Gallup Jr. to assess self-awareness in animals. The test involves placing a mark on an animal in a location that it can only see in a mirror. If the animal uses the mirror to investigate and touch the mark, it is considered to have passed the test, indicating some level of self-awareness.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirror_test)\n\n While great apes, dolphins, and elephants have demonstrated the ability to recognize themselves in mirrors, most cats do not seem to recognize their reflections. Cats typically react to their reflections as if they are seeing another cat, often displaying behaviors such as curiosity or aggression.\n(https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/does-your-cat-recognize-itself-in-the-mirror/#:~:text=But%20cats%20typically%20react%20to,are%20seeing%20another%20cat%20entirely)\n\n The ability to recognize oneself in a mirror is considered a sign of higher cognitive functioning and self-awareness. However, the absence of this ability does not necessarily imply a lack of intelligence, as different species have evolved various ways to interact with their environment.\n(https://www.livescience.com/65674-why-animals-fail-mirror-test.html)\n\n The Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) is a dabbling duck that is widespread across the Northern Hemisphere, including North America, Europe, and Asia. It is known for its adaptability to various habitats, including ponds, rivers, and lakes in both urban and rural areas. The male Mallard is easily identified by its iridescent green head, white neck ring, and chestnut-brown chest, while the female is mottled brown with an orange bill. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallard)\n\n Mallards are omnivores and their diet includes a variety of plant matter, insects, and small fish. They are known for their \"dabbling\" behavior, where they tip forward in the water to feed on underwater plants without diving. Mallards are the ancestors of most domestic duck breeds, and they are highly social birds that often form large flocks, especially during migration. (https://www.audubon.org/field-guide/bird/mallard)\n\n Ultimate Frisbee, commonly known as Ultimate, is a non-contact team sport played with a flying disc (frisbee). Teams score points by catching the disc in the opposing team's end zone. The game is played on a field similar to a football field but narrower, and combines elements of soccer, basketball, and American football. Ultimate is known for its emphasis on sportsmanship and fair play, often referred to as the \"Spirit of the Game.\" (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_(sport))\n\n Ultimate was developed in 1968 by a group of students at Columbia High School in Maplewood, New Jersey. The sport has since grown in popularity and is played in more than 80 countries. The World Flying Disc Federation (WFDF) is the international governing body for flying disc sports, including Ultimate. (https://wfdf.sport/ultimate/)\n\n The game starts with a \"pull\" or throw-off, and the receiving team attempts to advance the disc towards the opposing end zone by passing it among players. Players cannot run while holding the disc and must establish a pivot foot. Turnovers occur when a pass is incomplete, intercepted, or goes out of bounds. Games are typically played to a set number of points or within a time limit. (https://www.usaultimate.org/about/ultimate/)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the phenomenon called when an animal looks at its own reflection in the mirror?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The phenomenon is called mirror self-recognition (MSR). It is a test that assesses an animal's ability to recognize itself in a mirror, which is considered an indicator of self-awareness. While some animals, such as great apes, dolphins, and elephants, have demonstrated this ability, most cats do not recognize their reflection as themselves." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The Appaloosa is an American horse breed best known for its colorful spotted coat pattern. There is a wide range of body types within the breed, stemming from the influence of multiple breeds of horses throughout its history. Each horse's color pattern is genetically the result of various spotting patterns overlaid on top of one of several recognized base coat colors.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appaloosa)\n\n Appaloosas have a reputation for their versatility, trainability, and stamina. They are used in many Western riding disciplines, as well as in English disciplines such as eventing and show jumping. The breed is also known for its unique appearance, which includes mottled skin, striped hooves, and a white sclera around the eye.\n(https://www.appaloosa.com/association/what-is-an-appaloosa)\n\n Attachment theory, developed by John Bowlby, emphasizes the importance of the relationship between a child and their primary caregiver. This bond is crucial for the child's emotional and social development. Secure attachment leads to better emotional regulation, social relationships, and overall mental health. The theory has been extended to include relationships between siblings, which are also seen as critical for providing emotional support and security (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attachment_theory).\n\n Sibling relationships play a significant role in a child's development. Positive sibling interactions can promote social skills, empathy, and emotional intelligence. These relationships often serve as a practice ground for developing and maintaining other social relationships throughout life (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4242211/).\n\n Peanut butter blossoms are a popular type of cookie that typically feature a peanut butter-based dough. These cookies are known for their soft and chewy texture, and they are often topped with a piece of chocolate, like a Hershey's Kiss, which is added immediately after baking to create a signature look and taste. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peanut_butter_blossoms)\n\n The primary ingredient in peanut butter blossoms is peanut butter, which provides the base flavor. Other common ingredients include sugar, flour, baking soda, and eggs. The combination of peanut butter and chocolate makes these cookies a favorite during holidays and special occasions. (https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/11376/peanut-butter-bloomies/)\n\n Peanut butter blossoms were created by Freda Smith of Gibsonburg, Ohio, in 1957, and became widely popular after winning second place in the Pillsbury Bake-Off. Since then, they have become a staple in American baking, especially during the Christmas season. (https://www.pillsbury.com/recipes/peanut-butter-blossoms)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the psychological phenomenon that describes the strong emotional bond formed between siblings, as seen in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The psychological phenomenon that describes the strong emotional bond formed between siblings is called \"attachment.\" Attachment theory, developed by John Bowlby, explains how the bonds formed in early childhood with primary caregivers, including siblings, can influence emotional development and relationships throughout life. This attachment is crucial for the emotional and social development of children, providing a sense of security and support." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Pokeweed (Phytolacca americana) is a large, herbaceous perennial plant native to North America. It can grow up to 10 feet tall and has distinctive dark purple to black berries. The berries, roots, and mature stems of pokeweed are highly toxic to humans and many animals if ingested. Despite its toxicity, pokeweed is sometimes used in traditional medicine and as a food source after careful preparation to remove toxins. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytolacca_americana)\n\n Pokeweed thrives in disturbed soils and can often be found in fields, pastures, and along roadsides. Birds frequently consume the berries, which helps in the dispersal of the seeds. The plant's bright, colorful berries and red stems make it easily identifiable. (https://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/plant-of-the-week/phytolacca_americana.shtml)\n\n Grevy's zebra (Equus grevyi), also known as the imperial zebra, is the largest of the three species of zebra, the other two being the plains zebra and the mountain zebra. Named after Jules Grévy, it is found in Kenya and Ethiopia. Grevy's zebras are distinguished by their unique narrow stripes, white belly, and large rounded ears. They prefer semi-arid grasslands and are adapted to harsh environments. \n\n The population of Grevy's zebras has declined significantly due to habitat destruction, competition with livestock for water and food resources, and poaching. They are currently listed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Conservation efforts are ongoing to protect and restore their populations in the wild. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grévy's_zebra)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the plant on which the birds are perched?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The plant on which the birds are perched is Pokeweed (Phytolacca americana). Pokeweed is a perennial plant native to North America, known for its toxic berries and roots. It has distinctive dark purple berries and is often found in fields and disturbed areas." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n A \"Caution Wet Floor\" sign is commonly used in public and private spaces to alert people to the presence of a wet floor, which could pose a slipping hazard. The use of such signs is a basic safety measure to prevent accidents and injuries in places like bathrooms, kitchens, and hallways. These signs are typically yellow and prominently displayed to ensure they are easily noticed by anyone in the vicinity.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wet_floor_sign)\n\n Wet floor signs are part of workplace safety regulations in many countries. They help to mitigate the risk of slips, trips, and falls, which are common causes of workplace injuries. Employers are often required to provide these signs and ensure that they are used appropriately whenever there is a risk of a wet or slippery floor.\n(https://www.osha.gov/training/safety-and-health-programs)\n\n The Border Collie is a working and herding dog breed developed in the Anglo-Scottish border region for herding livestock, especially sheep. It was specifically bred for intelligence and obedience. Border Collies are considered highly intelligent, energetic, acrobatic, and athletic. They frequently compete with great success in sheepdog trials and dog sports.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_Collie)\n\n Border Collies are often employed in herding a variety of livestock, including geese. Their natural herding instincts and ability to follow commands make them suitable for managing different types of animals, not just sheep.\n(https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/lifestyle/herding-dogs-work/)\n\n Baking is a method of preparing food that uses dry heat, typically in an oven, but can also be done in hot ashes, or on hot stones. The most common baked item is bread but many other types of foods are baked as well. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baking)\n\n Bread is a staple food prepared from a dough of flour (usually wheat) and water, usually by baking. Throughout recorded history and around the world, it has been a prominent food in large parts of the world. It is one of the oldest man-made foods, having been of significant importance since the dawn of agriculture. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bread)\n\n The process of making bread generally includes mixing ingredients, kneading the dough, allowing it to rise through fermentation, shaping the dough, and baking it. Yeast is a common leavening agent that helps the dough rise by producing carbon dioxide during fermentation. (https://www.britannica.com/topic/bread)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the purpose of the object placed in the middle of the bathroom?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The object placed in the middle of the bathroom is a \"Caution Wet Floor\" sign. Its purpose is to warn people that the floor is wet and to prevent slips and falls, ensuring safety in the area." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis) are the tallest land animals, known for their long necks, legs, and distinctive coat patterns. They are native to African savannas, where they browse on the leaves of trees, especially acacias. Giraffes live in loose, open herds with variable social structures.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giraffe)\n\n Ostriches (Struthio camelus) are the largest and heaviest living birds, unable to fly but capable of running at high speeds. They are native to Africa and are found in savannas and open woodlands. Ostriches have a varied diet that includes plants and small animals.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrich)\n\n Both giraffes and ostriches are adapted to life in the savannas of Africa, where they often coexist. The giraffe's height allows it to spot predators from a distance, while the ostrich's speed enables it to escape from danger quickly. These adaptations help them survive in the same habitat.\n(https://www.britannica.com/animal/giraffe-mammal)\n\n Double-decker trains are designed to increase the passenger capacity of a train without needing to add more carriages or increase the frequency of service. By adding a second level to each carriage, these trains can carry significantly more passengers compared to single-decker trains. This is particularly useful in densely populated areas and during peak travel times when the demand for public transportation is highest.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-decker_train)\n\n Double-decker trains are used in various countries around the world, including France, Germany, and Japan, to improve efficiency and manage high passenger volumes. For example, the French TGV Duplex and the German Bombardier Twindexx Vario are well-known double-decker train models that help alleviate congestion on busy routes.\n(https://www.bombardier.com/en/solutions-and-services/rail-vehicles/multiple-units/twindexx.html)\n\n A cutback is a surfing maneuver where the surfer turns the board back towards the breaking part of the wave. This maneuver allows the surfer to stay in the power pocket of the wave, maintaining speed and control. The cutback is often characterized by a sharp turn and a spray of water.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutback_(surfing))\n\n The purpose of the cutback is to allow the surfer to return to the steepest part of the wave, where the energy is the greatest. By doing so, the surfer can continue to ride the wave with maximum speed and control. The cutback is a fundamental maneuver in surfing and is essential for maintaining flow and rhythm on the wave.\n(https://www.surfertoday.com/surfing/how-to-perform-a-cutback-in-surfing)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>Which two animals are commonly found together in African savannas as seen in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The two animals commonly found together in African savannas, as seen in the photo, are giraffes and ostriches. Giraffes, being the tallest land animals, and ostriches, the largest and heaviest birds, often share the same habitat in the savannas of Africa." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Oranges are well known for their high vitamin C content. Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is necessary for the growth, development, and repair of all body tissues. It is involved in many body functions, including the formation of collagen, absorption of iron, the immune system, wound healing, and the maintenance of cartilage, bones, and teeth. Oranges contain about 53.2 mg of vitamin C per 100 grams.\n(https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/foods/oranges)\n\n Vitamin C is a potent antioxidant that can neutralize harmful free radicals in the body, thereby protecting cells from damage. It also helps in the synthesis of collagen, which is an important protein for skin, blood vessels, and bones. Regular consumption of vitamin C-rich foods like oranges can help improve overall health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.\n(https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/21935\n\n The grilled cheese sandwich is a popular American dish that consists of bread and cheese, typically grilled or fried until the bread is toasted and the cheese is melted. The modern version of the grilled cheese sandwich is believed to have originated in the United States in the 1920s, when sliced bread and American cheese became readily available. It has since become a staple comfort food in American cuisine.\n The classic preparation involves buttering the outside of the bread and cooking it on a griddle or frying pan, allowing the bread to toast and the cheese to melt. Variations of the grilled cheese sandwich can include additional ingredients such as tomatoes, bacon, and different types of cheese.\n\n Saber, whose real name is Artoria Pendragon, is a fictional character from the visual novel \"Fate/stay night\" by Type-Moon. She is a heroic spirit, summoned by the protagonist to fight in the Holy Grail War, a battle royale among seven servants and their mages. Saber is known for her strong sense of justice, bravery, and loyalty. Her character design and story have made her a popular figure in the anime and gaming communities.\n(https://typemoon.fandom.com/wiki/Saber_(Fate/stay_night))\n\n The \"Fate/stay night\" series has become a significant franchise in anime and gaming, with multiple adaptations, including anime series, movies, and games. Saber, as one of the central characters, has been featured prominently across these adaptations, contributing to the franchise's popularity.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fate/stay_night)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the name of the dish shown in the photo, and where did it originate?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The dish shown in the photo is a grilled cheese sandwich. The modern version of the grilled cheese sandwich is believed to have originated in the United States in the 1920s, when sliced bread and American cheese became readily available." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\nFlip phones, also known as clamshell phones, were a popular mobile phone design in the 1990s and early 2000s. They feature a hinge that allows the phone to fold in half, protecting the screen and keypad when closed. This design made them compact and portable. Some well-known models include the Motorola StarTAC, released in 1996, and the Motorola RAZR, released in 2004. Flip phones largely fell out of favor with the advent of smartphones, which offer larger touchscreens and more advanced features. However, they remain in use for their simplicity and durability.\n\n The Occupy movement started in 2011 with the Occupy Wall Street protest in New York City. It quickly spread to numerous cities worldwide. The movement's main issues include social and economic inequality, greed, corruption, and the undue influence of corporations on government—particularly from the financial services sector. The slogan \"We are the 99%\" refers to income inequality and wealth distribution in the U.S. between the wealthiest 1% and the rest of the population.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupy_movement)\n\n The Occupy movement is known for its general assemblies, a form of direct democracy where participants gather to make decisions. It also uses tactics such as occupying public spaces, creating encampments, and organizing protests and demonstrations to draw attention to its causes.\n(https://www.britannica.com/event/Occupy-Wall-Street)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What type of mobile phone is the person in the photo using?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The person in the photo is using a flip phone. Flip phones were particularly popular in the 1990s and early 2000s, characterized by their clamshell design where the phone could be flipped open to reveal the screen and keypad." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Savannas are grasslands with scattered trees, found in regions such as Africa, South America, and Australia. They are known for their distinct wet and dry seasons and support a diverse range of wildlife, including large herbivores like zebras and antelopes.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savanna)\n\n The African savanna is home to a wide variety of animals, including zebras and various species of antelopes. These animals have adapted to the open, grassy landscapes and the seasonal availability of water and vegetation.\n(https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/habitats/savanna)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the primary habitat of the animals shown in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The animals shown in the photo, including zebras and antelopes, primarily inhabit savannas. Savannas are characterized by a mix of grasslands and scattered trees and are commonly found in regions such as Africa, South America, and Australia." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Chicken parmesan, also known as chicken parmigiana, is a popular Italian-American dish that originated in the United States. It consists of a breaded chicken breast topped with marinara sauce and melted cheese, such as mozzarella or parmesan. The dish is typically served over pasta or in a sandwich. It is an adaptation of the Italian dish melanzane alla parmigiana (eggplant parmesan), which uses eggplant instead of chicken.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicken_parmigiana)\n\n The dish has become a staple in Italian-American cuisine and is commonly found in Italian-American restaurants and diners across the United States. It is often served with a side of pasta or a salad, making it a hearty and satisfying meal.\n(https://www.thespruceeats.com/chicken-parmesan-recipe-995369)\n\nThe American Dental Association (ADA) recommends replacing your toothbrush every three to four months, or sooner if the bristles are frayed. Using a toothbrush with worn bristles can be less effective at cleaning your teeth and removing plaque. Regular replacement of your toothbrush helps maintain effective oral hygiene and prevent dental problems. (Source: American Dental Association)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the recommended frequency for replacing the object the person in the photo is holding?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The object the person is holding is a toothbrush. The American Dental Association recommends replacing your toothbrush every three to four months, or sooner if the bristles are frayed. Regular replacement helps maintain effective cleaning and oral hygiene." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Cats are naturally attracted to movement and sounds, which television can provide. Programs that feature birds, fish, or small animals can capture their attention and stimulate their hunting instincts. This can be a form of enrichment for indoor cats, helping to keep them mentally and physically engaged.\n(https://www.petmd.com/cat/behavior/evr_ct_can-cats-watch-tv)\n\n While watching television can be entertaining for cats, it is important to ensure that it does not replace physical exercise and natural play activities. Prolonged screen time should be balanced with interactive play and opportunities for natural behaviors such as climbing, scratching, and exploring.\n(https://www.preventivevet.com/cats/why-do-cats-watch-tv)\n\n The Airbus A321 is a member of the Airbus A320 family of short- to medium-range, narrow-body, commercial passenger jet airliners. The A321 is a stretched version of the A320 and was first delivered in 1994. It is known for its efficiency and is commonly used by airlines for regional and domestic flights.\n Asiana Airlines is a major South Korean airline established in 1988. It operates domestic and international flights to various destinations across Asia, Europe, North America, and Oceania. Asiana Airlines is known for its high-quality service and is a member of the Star Alliance network.\n\n Squaw Valley, now known as Palisades Tahoe, is a ski resort located in the Sierra Nevada, near Lake Tahoe, California. It is one of the largest ski areas in the United States and is known for hosting the 1960 Winter Olympics. The resort offers a variety of runs and terrain suitable for skiers and snowboarders of all levels.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palisades_Tahoe)\n\n The resort was founded in 1949 and quickly gained popularity due to its challenging terrain and stunning views. In 1960, Squaw Valley was the site of the Winter Olympics, which significantly boosted its reputation as a world-class ski destination. The resort has continued to grow and evolve, offering modern amenities and facilities to visitors.\n(https://www.palisadestahoe.com/)\n\n Palisades Tahoe features over 6,000 acres of skiable terrain, including beginner, intermediate, and advanced runs. It also offers a variety of other winter activities such as snowshoeing, tubing, and ice skating. The resort is known for its vibrant après-ski scene and a variety of dining and lodging options.\n(https://www.onthesnow.com/california/palisades-tahoe/ski-resort.html)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the effect of watching television on cats?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Watching television can stimulate a cat's hunting instincts, making them more engaged and entertained. Cats are naturally attracted to the movement and sounds on the screen, which can mimic the behavior of their prey. Some television programs are specifically designed for cats, featuring birds, fish, and other animals that can keep them entertained. However, prolonged exposure to television should be moderated to ensure it does not interfere with their natural behaviors and activities." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, manufactures, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services. It is considered one of the Big Tech technology companies, alongside Amazon, Google, Microsoft, and Meta.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Inc.)\n\n The MacBook is a brand of Macintosh laptop computers designed and marketed by Apple Inc. that use Apple's macOS operating system. The MacBook line includes the MacBook Air and the MacBook Pro.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacBook)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the name of the company that manufactures the laptop shown in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The laptop shown in the photo is manufactured by Apple Inc., an American multinational technology company known for its consumer electronics, software, and online services. Apple's MacBook line of laptops is renowned for its sleek design, macOS operating system, and high-quality build." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The Kuala Lumpur Monorail is an urban monorail system in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The system was opened on 31 August 2003, and it serves as one of the key modes of transportation within the city. The monorail line is 8.6 kilometers long and has 11 stations, connecting several important areas in the city. It provides a convenient and efficient means of transport for both locals and tourists.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur_Monorail)\n\n The Kuala Lumpur Monorail has become an integral part of the city's public transportation network, offering a reliable alternative to road-based transport. The monorail line runs from Titiwangsa station in the north to KL Sentral in the south, passing through various commercial and tourist districts.\n(https://www.klia2.info/rail/rapid-kl/kuala-lumpur-monorail)\n\n Electricity transmission towers, also known as power transmission towers or pylons, are tall structures used to support overhead power lines. They are a key component of the electrical grid, enabling the transmission of electrical power over long distances from power plants to substations and then to consumers. These towers are typically made of steel and can vary in design, including lattice towers, tubular steel towers, and monopoles.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_tower)\n\n The primary function of electricity transmission towers is to keep the high-voltage power lines elevated and separated from each other and the ground to ensure safety and reliability. The towers must withstand various environmental conditions, such as wind, ice, and seismic activity, and are designed to minimize the loss of electrical power during transmission.\n(https://www.energy.gov/oe/activities/technology-development/grid-modernization-and-smart-grid/transmission)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the name of the transportation system visible in the background of this photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The transportation system visible in the background of this photo is the Kuala Lumpur Monorail. It is a monorail system that serves the city of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The system was opened in 2003 and spans 8.6 kilometers with 11 stations, providing an important mode of transportation for both locals and tourists." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Horse-drawn carts have been used for centuries as a primary means of transportation in rural and urban areas. They are especially common in regions where modern vehicles are either too expensive or impractical due to infrastructure limitations.\n In Cuba, horse-drawn carts, known as \"carretón,\" are a common sight in rural areas and small towns. They are used for transporting people and goods, providing a cost-effective and accessible mode of transportation.\n The use of horse-drawn carts in Cuba is partly due to the country's economic conditions and the scarcity of fuel and modern vehicles, making them a practical alternative for many residents.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_and_buggy)\n\nIn Japan, traffic laws mandate that vehicles must stop for pedestrians at pedestrian crossings. This rule is part of the Road Traffic Act, which aims to prioritize pedestrian safety. Drivers are required to yield to pedestrians either crossing or about to cross the street at designated pedestrian crossings. Failure to comply with this rule can result in fines and penalties. The enforcement of this rule is strict, reflecting Japan's commitment to ensuring the safety and right of way of pedestrians. (Source: Japan Road Traffic Act)\n\n Insomnia is a sleep disorder in which people have trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking up too early and not being able to go back to sleep. Insomnia can be short-term (acute) or can last a long time (chronic). It can also come and go, with periods of time when a person has no sleep problems. Acute insomnia can last from one night to a few weeks. Chronic insomnia is defined as having trouble sleeping at least three nights per week for three months or longer. (https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia)\n\n Various factors can contribute to insomnia, including stress, anxiety, depression, medical conditions, medications, poor sleep habits, and environmental factors such as noise, light, or temperature. Insomnia can lead to significant daytime impairments, such as fatigue, mood disturbances, difficulty concentrating, and decreased performance in daily activities. (https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/insomnia/symptoms-causes/syc-20355167)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the traffic rule that vehicles must follow at a pedestrian crossing in Japan?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "In Japan, vehicles must stop for pedestrians at pedestrian crossings. This rule is strictly enforced to ensure the safety of pedestrians. Drivers are required to yield to pedestrians who are crossing or are about to cross the street, and failure to comply can result in fines and penalties." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n A bidet is a plumbing fixture that is installed as a separate unit in the bathroom besides the toilet, shower, and sink or as a combination toilet and bidet. It is used to wash and clean the genital and anal areas. Bidets are common in many European, Asian, and South American households and are less common in North America. They are known for promoting better personal hygiene by providing a more effective and gentle cleaning method compared to toilet paper.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bidet)\n\n The bidet was first invented in France in the late 17th century and has since evolved in design and functionality. Today, modern bidets can include features such as heated seats, water temperature control, and air dryers for added comfort and convenience.\n(https://www.britannica.com/technology/bidet)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the purpose of the smaller toilet-like fixture next to the regular toilet in this bathroom?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The smaller toilet-like fixture next to the regular toilet is a bidet. A bidet is a plumbing fixture used to clean the genital and anal areas after using the toilet. It is common in many European, Asian, and South American countries and is known for promoting better personal hygiene." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The JCUKEN keyboard layout is a Cyrillic keyboard layout used in Russia and many other countries that use the Cyrillic script. It was developed in the Soviet Union and has been widely used in Russian-speaking countries. The name \"JCUKEN\" comes from the first six letters on the top row of the keyboard (ЙЦУКЕН), similar to how the QWERTY layout is named after the first six letters on the top row of the Latin alphabet keyboard. \n(Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JCUKEN_keyboard_layout)\n\n The JCUKEN layout was created to accommodate the Cyrillic alphabet, which has more letters than the Latin alphabet, necessitating a different arrangement of keys. This layout is still commonly used in Russian-speaking regions and by those who write in Cyrillic script.\n(Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_layout#JCUKEN)\n\n The JCUKEN keyboard layout has undergone modifications over the years, but the basic arrangement has remained the same since its inception. It is designed to facilitate typing in Cyrillic script efficiently.\n(Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_layout#JCUKEN)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the purpose of the device the people are using in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "I couldn't find relevant external knowledge to answer the question about the image." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n A comb is a grooming tool consisting of a shaft that holds a row of teeth for untangling and arranging hair or fibers. Combs have been used by humans since prehistoric times, with early examples found in Persia dating back to 5000 years ago. They are made from various materials such as wood, bone, and plastic.\n The primary function of a comb is to arrange hair in a particular style by untangling and smoothing it. Combs come in various forms, including wide-tooth combs for detangling thick or curly hair, fine-tooth combs for smoothing and straightening, and specialized combs for specific styling tasks.\n Combs are also used in various cultural and ritual contexts, and in some traditions, they hold symbolic meanings. For example, in Ancient Egypt, combs were often included in tombs as grave goods, indicating their importance in daily life and the afterlife.\n\n Triumph Motorcycles Ltd is the largest British motorcycle manufacturer, established in 1983 by John Bloor after the original company Triumph Engineering went into receivership. The new company, initially called Bonneville Coventry Ltd, continued Triumph's lineage of producing motorcycles with a classic British style and modern engineering.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triumph_Motorcycles_Ltd)\n\n The Bonneville series is one of Triumph's most iconic ranges, known for its retro styling that harkens back to the original Bonneville motorcycles of the 1950s and 1960s. These motorcycles combine classic aesthetics with modern performance and technology, making them popular among enthusiasts of vintage-style bikes.\n(https://www.triumphmotorcycles.com/bikes/classic/bonneville)\n\n Triumph's range includes various models such as the Bonneville T100, Bonneville T120, and Thruxton, all of which are designed to evoke the spirit of the classic British motorcycle while incorporating contemporary features and reliability.\n(https://www.triumphmotorcycles.com/bikes/classic)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What common grooming tool is the person in the photo using?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The person in the photo is using a comb. Combs are widely used grooming tools for untangling and styling hair. They have been used since ancient times and come in various shapes and sizes, suitable for different hair types and styling needs." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Fire hydrants are essential components of urban fire safety systems. They are connected to a reliable water supply and are strategically installed in areas where quick access to water is crucial for firefighting efforts. By enabling firefighters to quickly connect hoses and access water, fire hydrants help to control and extinguish fires more efficiently, reducing potential damage and saving lives.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_hydrant)\n\n The standard color of fire hydrants, particularly in the United States and many other countries, is red. This color is chosen for its high visibility, making it easier for firefighters and emergency responders to locate the hydrant quickly during an emergency. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) provides guidelines on the color coding of fire hydrants to indicate their water flow capacity.\n(https://www.nfpa.org/)\n\n An umbrella is a device used for protection against rain or sunlight. It typically consists of a circular canopy of fabric or plastic mounted on a folding metal frame supported by a central rod. Umbrellas can be manually or automatically opened and closed. The canopy is usually made of water-resistant material to provide effective rain protection. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbrella)\n\n The umbrella was invented more than 4,000 years ago, with evidence found in ancient Egypt, Assyria, Greece, and China. Initially used for shade from the sun, the umbrella's design was adapted to protect against rain. Modern umbrellas often incorporate a spring mechanism that allows for easy opening and closing. (https://www.britannica.com/technology/umbrella)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the purpose of the object the person in the photo is holding, and how does it work?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The person in the photo is holding an umbrella. The primary purpose of an umbrella is to provide protection from rain or sunlight. An umbrella consists of a fabric or plastic canopy stretched over a folding metal frame. When opened, the canopy forms a barrier that shields the user from precipitation or sun rays. The handle allows the user to hold and maneuver the umbrella." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Erin the Bear is a green bear Beanie Baby released by Ty Inc. on March 17, 1997, to commemorate St. Patrick's Day. It features a white shamrock embroidered on its chest, symbolizing Irish heritage. The bear's name, \"Erin,\" is derived from a poetic name for Ireland. Erin the Bear is part of the Beanie Babies collection which became a cultural phenomenon in the late 1990s.\n(https://beaniepedia.com/beanies/beanie-babies/erin-the-bear/)\n\n\n Prom, short for promenade, is a formal dance event commonly held at the end of the academic year in high schools in the United States and Canada. It is a significant social event for high school students, often marking the end of the school year and serving as a rite of passage for graduating seniors. Students typically dress in formal attire, such as tuxedos or suits for young men and evening gowns for young women. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prom)\n \n The event often includes dinner, dancing, and other activities, and it is typically held in a banquet hall or gymnasium. Prom is also associated with various traditions, such as the crowning of a prom king and queen, the exchange of corsages and boutonnieres, and the arrival in limousines or other special vehicles. (https://www.history.com/news/a-brief-history-of-prom)\n\n Linux is a family of open-source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution. Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux)\n\n Linux distributions are popular among developers and tech enthusiasts due to their flexibility, security, and the extensive range of open-source software available. Many users prefer Linux for its customization options and the control it offers over the operating system environment.\n(https://opensource.com/resources/linux)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What event are the people in the photo likely preparing for?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The people in the photo are likely preparing for a prom. Prom is a formal dance event typically held at the end of the academic year in high schools across the United States and Canada. Students often dress in formal attire, with young men wearing tuxedos or suits and young women wearing evening gowns. Prom is a significant social event for high school students, often involving dinner, dancing, and other activities." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Winter tires, also known as snow tires, are tires designed for use on snow and ice. They have a tread design with larger gaps than those on summer tires, increasing traction on snow and ice. Winter tires are made from a softer rubber compound that remains flexible in cold weather, which helps maintain grip and safety on icy roads.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winter_tire)\n\n The rubber compounds used in winter tires are designed to perform better at lower temperatures, providing superior traction and control compared to all-season tires. This is particularly important for maintaining vehicle stability and safety during winter conditions.\n(https://www.bridgestonetire.com/tread-and-trend/drivers-ed/benefits-of-winter-tires)\n\n Winter tires are essential for driving in regions with significant snowfall and ice, as they can reduce braking distances and improve vehicle handling. The specialized tread patterns also help in channeling snow and slush away from the tire, reducing the risk of hydroplaning.\n(https://www.michelin.ca/auto/why-buy-winter-tires)\n\n macOS is a series of proprietary graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Apple Inc. since 2001. It is the primary operating system for Apple's Mac computers. Within the market of desktop, laptop, and home computers, and by web usage, it is the second most widely used desktop OS, after Microsoft Windows.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacOS)\n\n macOS is known for its strong emphasis on user experience and design. It offers seamless integration with other Apple products such as iPhones, iPads, and Apple Watches, allowing for features like Handoff, Continuity, and Universal Clipboard, which enhance productivity and ease of use.\n(https://www.apple.com/macos/)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the operating system that the computer in the photo likely uses?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The computer in the photo is an Apple MacBook. The operating system that this computer likely uses is macOS, which is developed by Apple Inc. macOS is known for its user-friendly interface and integration with other Apple products and services." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Teddy bears serve as comforting objects for children in hospitals, helping to alleviate fear and anxiety associated with medical environments. These plush toys provide emotional support and can significantly improve the psychological well-being of young patients during their hospital stay.\n(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4485516/)\n\n Programs like the \"Teddy Bear Clinic\" are designed to educate children about medical procedures through the use of teddy bears, making the hospital environment less intimidating and helping children understand and cope with their experiences better.\n(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4485516/)\n\n Dogs have an incredibly strong sense of smell, estimated to be between 10,000 to 100,000 times more sensitive than that of humans. When a dog sticks its head out of a moving car window, it is bombarded with a vast array of scents that pass by quickly, providing a rich sensory experience that is both stimulating and enjoyable for the animal. (https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/lifestyle/why-do-dogs-stick-their-heads-out-of-car-windows/)\n\n The wind rushing past a dog's face when it sticks its head out of a car window can also feel exhilarating and cooling. This sensation, combined with the novelty and excitement of the changing environment, contributes to the dog's enjoyment. However, it is important to ensure the dog's safety to prevent injury from debris or sudden stops. (https://www.petmd.com/dog/behavior/evr_dg_why_do_dogs_hang_their_heads_out_car_windows)\n\n Scandinavian design is a design movement characterized by simplicity, minimalism, and functionality that emerged in the early 20th century and flourished in the 1950s in the five Nordic countries of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. The style emphasizes clean lines, utility, and beauty, incorporating natural materials such as wood, leather, and hemp, and often uses neutral colors and light to create an airy, serene feel.\n\n The philosophy behind Scandinavian design is to improve daily life through functional, well-crafted, and affordable home furnishings and accessories. This design ethos is rooted in the Scandinavian way of life, which values balance, comfort, and a connection to nature. The use of light is particularly important in Scandinavian design, as the region experiences long, dark winters, and thus interiors are designed to maximize natural light.\n\n Key elements of Scandinavian design include the use of neutral colors, natural materials, and minimalist decor. Furniture and accessories are typically simple and functional, avoiding excessive ornamentation. This design style also often incorporates elements of hygge, a Danish concept that emphasizes coziness and contentment.\n\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scandinavian_design)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is a common reason why dogs enjoy sticking their heads out of car windows?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Dogs enjoy sticking their heads out of car windows primarily because it allows them to experience a wide range of smells and sights at once. The fast-moving air carries a lot of scents, which is extremely stimulating for dogs due to their highly developed sense of smell. This activity also gives them a sense of excitement and freedom." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Stand-Up Paddleboarding (SUP) is a water sport that originated in Hawaii. The sport involves standing on a board similar to a surfboard and using a paddle to propel through the water. Unlike traditional surfing, where the rider waits for waves, SUP can be done in various water bodies, including oceans, lakes, and rivers. SUP has gained popularity worldwide for its accessibility, versatility, and the full-body workout it provides. It is also used in competitive racing and recreational touring.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standup_paddleboarding)\n\n The modern form of SUP began in the early 2000s and has since become one of the fastest-growing water sports. It can be traced back to the 1940s when surf instructors in Waikiki, Hawaii, would stand on their boards to get a better view of their students. Today, SUP boards are specifically designed for stability and ease of use, making the sport accessible to people of all ages and skill levels.\n(https://www.supthemag.com/sup-101/history-of-standup-paddling)\n\n Screen printing is a printing technique where a mesh is used to transfer ink onto a substrate, except in areas made impermeable to the ink by a blocking stencil. A blade or squeegee is moved across the screen to fill the open mesh apertures with ink, and a reverse stroke then causes the screen to touch the substrate momentarily along a line of contact. This causes the ink to wet the substrate and be pulled out of the mesh apertures as the screen springs back after the blade has passed. Screen printing is also known as silk screening or serigraphy.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screen_printing)\n\n Screen printing is used for creating posters, artwork, t-shirts, and other garments. The process can be used to print on paper, plastic, glass, metal, fabric, and various other materials. It is known for its versatility and ability to produce vibrant colors and long-lasting prints.\n(https://www.britannica.com/technology/screen-printing)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is screen printing, as mentioned on the sign in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Screen printing is a printing technique where a mesh is used to transfer ink onto a substrate, except in areas made impermeable to the ink by a blocking stencil. A blade or squeegee is moved across the screen to fill the open mesh apertures with ink, and a reverse stroke then causes the screen to touch the substrate momentarily along a line of contact. This causes the ink to wet the substrate and be pulled out of the mesh apertures as the screen springs back after the blade has passed. It is commonly used for making posters, artwork, t-shirts, and other garments." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\nThe Diamond Formation is a flight formation used by aerobatic teams and military aircraft to demonstrate precision and teamwork. The lead aircraft flies at the front of the formation, with wingmen positioned on either side and a fourth aircraft directly behind the lead, forming a diamond shape. This formation is often seen in airshows and military demonstrations to showcase the skill and coordination of the pilots.\n\n The BMW R60/6 is a motorcycle that was manufactured by BMW Motorrad, the motorcycle division of the German company BMW, from 1973 to 1976. The R60/6 was part of the BMW /6 series, which succeeded the /5 series. These motorcycles are known for their reliable air-cooled boxer twin engines and were popular for both touring and daily use.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMW_R60/6)\n\n The BMW /6 series, which includes models like the R60/6, R75/6, and R90/6, were improvements over the previous /5 series. The /6 series introduced several advancements, such as front disc brakes and an electric starter, which contributed to their popularity and widespread use.\n(https://www.motorcycleclassics.com/classic-german-motorcycles/bmw-r60-6-zm0z13jazbea/)\n\n Tapas are a wide variety of appetizers or snacks in Spanish cuisine. They may be cold (such as mixed olives and cheese) or hot (such as chopitos, which are battered, fried baby squid). In Spain, tapas are often enjoyed with friends and family at bars or cafes and are typically served with drinks. The serving of tapas is designed to encourage conversation because people are not so focused upon eating an entire meal that is set before them.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapas)\n\n Tapas have evolved through Spanish history by incorporating ingredients and influences from many different cultures and countries. Tapas can vary greatly from region to region. They are a significant part of Spanish culture and social life, often enjoyed in a leisurely manner while socializing.\n(https://www.thespruceeats.com/the-history-of-tapas-308372" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the name of the flight formation shown in the image?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The flight formation shown in the image is called the \"Diamond Formation.\" This is a common aerial formation used by aerobatic teams and military aircraft to demonstrate precision flying and teamwork. The lead aircraft is at the front, with wingmen positioned to the left and right, and the fourth aircraft directly behind the lead, forming a diamond shape." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n Peter-Paul Koch, often referred to as PPK, is a well-known web developer and consultant from the Netherlands. He is recognized for his expertise in browser compatibility issues and JavaScript. Koch is the founder of QuirksMode.org, a comprehensive resource for web developers that documents browser quirks, provides compatibility tables, and offers various tutorials and articles on web development.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter-Paul_Koch)\n\n QuirksMode.org is a website founded by Peter-Paul Koch (PPK) that focuses on browser compatibility and is a popular resource among web developers. The site includes detailed documentation on browser behavior, compatibility tables, and articles on best practices in web development.\n(https://www.quirksmode.org/about/ppk.html)\n\n PPK has been active in the web development community for many years, contributing to conferences, writing articles, and providing insights into the complexities of cross-browser compatibility. His work has been influential in shaping modern web development practices.\n(https://www.smashingmagazine.com/author/ppk/)\n\nUtility trucks, also known as service trucks or maintenance trucks, are specialized vehicles equipped with various tools and equipment necessary for utility workers to perform tasks such as repairing power outages, maintaining infrastructure, and installing new utility lines. These trucks often feature storage for tools, hydraulic lifts, and other equipment that aid in accessing and working on utility lines and other infrastructure components. Utility trucks are essential for ensuring the reliability and safety of electrical, water, and other utility services.\n\n A cafeteria is a type of food service location in which there is little or no waiting staff table service. Instead, customers take their food on a tray from a counter or serving line. They may then take the tray to a dining table to eat. Cafeterias are different from coffeehouses, although that distinction is often blurred. Cafeterias are often found within institutions such as schools, colleges, hospitals, and corporate offices. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cafeteria)\n\n The concept of the cafeteria originated in the United States in the late 19th century, with the first known cafeteria being established in New York City in 1893. The cafeteria system became widespread during the 20th century, particularly in schools and universities, due to its efficiency and cost-effectiveness. (https://www.britannica.com/topic/cafeteria)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the purpose of the vehicles shown in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The vehicles in the photo are likely utility trucks used for maintenance and repair work on electrical power lines. These trucks are equipped with tools and equipment necessary for utility workers to fix power outages, perform routine maintenance, or install new power lines." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n A fire hydrant, also known as a fire plug, is a connection point by which firefighters can tap into a water supply. It is a component of active fire protection. The primary purpose of a fire hydrant is to provide a readily accessible water supply for firefighters to use in the event of a fire.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_hydrant)\n\n Fire hydrants are connected to the municipal water supply and are essential in firefighting operations for quickly obtaining a large volume of water to extinguish fires. They are strategically placed in urban areas to ensure that firefighters have easy access to water when needed.\n(https://www.nfpa.org/Public-Education/Staying-safe/Safety-equipment/Fire-hydrants)\n\n Surfing is a surface water sport in which an individual, a surfer, uses a board to ride on the forward section, or face, of a moving wave of water, which usually carries the surfer towards the shore. Waves suitable for surfing are primarily found in the ocean, but can also be found in lakes or rivers in the form of a standing wave or tidal bore. However, modern-day surfing is also practiced on man-made waves such as those from boat wakes and the waves created in artificial wave pools.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surfing)\n\n The history of surfing dates back to ancient Polynesian culture and was first observed by Europeans in the late 18th century. Surfing was brought to the attention of the world by Duke Kahanamoku of Hawaii, who is often regarded as the father of modern surfing. He popularized the sport around the world during the early 20th century.\n(https://www.surfertoday.com/surfing/history-of-surfing)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the primary purpose of the object the person in the photo is leaning against?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The object the person in the photo is leaning against is a fire hydrant. The primary purpose of a fire hydrant is to provide a readily accessible water supply for firefighters to use in the event of a fire. Fire hydrants are connected to the municipal water supply and are essential in firefighting operations for quickly obtaining a large volume of water to extinguish fires." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n The Great-tailed Grackle (Quiscalus mexicanus) is a large, aggressive bird native to North and South America. It is known for its long, V-shaped tail and glossy black plumage in males. Females are generally brown and smaller in size. The species has adapted well to urban environments.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great-tailed_grackle)\n\n One of the most distinctive features of the Great-tailed Grackle is its vocalization. The bird's calls are highly varied and can include a wide range of sounds such as whistles, clacks, and mimicry of other birds and environmental noises. These vocalizations can be quite loud and are often described as harsh or grating.\n(https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Great-tailed_Grackle)\n\n Great-tailed Grackles are known for their social behavior and often form large flocks. They are opportunistic feeders and can be found in a variety of habitats, including agricultural fields, wetlands, and urban areas.\n(https://www.audubon.org/field-guide/bird/great-tailed-grackle)\n\n The Pomeranian is a breed of dog of the Spitz type that is named for the Pomerania region in north-west Poland and north-east Germany in Central Europe. Classed as a toy dog breed because of its small size, the Pomeranian is descended from larger Spitz-type dogs, specifically the German Spitz. The breed has been made popular by several royal owners since the 18th century.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomeranian_(dog))\n\n Pomeranians are typically 7 to 12 inches tall and weigh around 3 to 7 pounds. They have a double coat, with a soft, fluffy undercoat and a longer, harsh-textured outer coat. Pomeranians come in a variety of colors, including orange, black, white, blue, brown, and cream.\n(https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/pomeranian/)\n\n Known for their intelligence and lively personality, Pomeranians are very active and can be quite vocal. They are good companion animals and can adapt well to various living situations, making them popular pets in urban environments.\n(https://www.dogtime.com/dog-breeds/pomeranian)\n\n A bidet is a plumbing fixture or type of sink intended for washing the genitalia, perineum, inner buttocks, and anus. This fixture may be located next to the toilet in the bathroom or be integrated into the toilet itself. The use of bidets is common in many countries, particularly those in Europe, Asia, and South America.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bidet)\n\n Bidets are used to promote personal hygiene and can be found in a variety of designs, including standalone versions and those that are built into toilet seats. The use of bidets can reduce the need for toilet paper, thus making them an environmentally friendly option.\n(https://www.healthline.com/health/bidet-benefits)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the name of the bird in the photo, and what is unique about its vocalizations?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The bird in the photo is a Great-tailed Grackle. What is unique about its vocalizations is that they are highly varied and can include a wide range of sounds such as whistles, clacks, and even mimicry of other birds and environmental noises. This bird's calls can be quite loud and are often described as harsh or grating." } ]

[ { "from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful Vision AI assistant. You will be provided with images, questions, and external knowledge. External knowledge may include information that is not related to the images and questions. If there is external knowledge that is unrelated to the images and questions, you should not use it. Use only the external knowledge that is relevant to the images and questions to generate answers.\n\nExternal-Knowledge:\n\n A fire hydrant is a connection point by which firefighters can tap into a water supply. It is a crucial element in urban firefighting, providing immediate access to water in the event of a fire. The hydrant is connected to a water main and allows firefighters to quickly attach hoses to the hydrant to access water for extinguishing fires.\n Fire hydrants are typically located along streets and in public spaces, marked by their bright colors (commonly red) to ensure visibility. They are strategically placed to provide efficient coverage for firefighting efforts within a given area.\n\n Applebee's Neighborhood Grill + Bar, or simply Applebee's, is an American company that develops, franchises, and operates the Applebee's Neighborhood Grill + Bar restaurant chain. The Applebee's concept focuses on casual dining, with mainstream American dishes such as salads, chicken, pasta, burgers, and \"riblets\" (Applebee's signature dish). All Applebee's restaurants feature a bar area and serve alcoholic beverages.\n(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applebee%27s)\n\n Applebee's was founded by Bill and T.J. Palmer in Decatur, Georgia, on November 19, 1980. The company grew rapidly and became known for its casual dining experience and neighborhood-themed restaurants. The red apple logo is a recognizable feature of the brand.\n(https://www.applebees.com/en/about-us)" }, { "from": "human", "value": "<image>What is the primary function of the red object in the photo?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The red object in the photo is a fire hydrant. Its primary function is to provide a source of water for firefighters to use in case of a fire. Fire hydrants are connected to a water supply network and are a critical component in urban firefighting infrastructure." } ]