answers
dict | title
stringlengths 16
40
| context
stringlengths 13
1.96k
| question
stringclasses 124
values | id
stringlengths 1
5
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"text": [
"2.62 Ω"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} | 10.1016/j.materresbull.2019.01.025 | As shown in , the Rct and ZN values of Ni-Co-S-1:1.5 CE are 2.62 Ω and 7.96 Ω, which is smaller than those of other Ni-Co-S CEs and Pt CE. | What is the value of Rct? | 41525 |
{
"text": [
"1.36%"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} | 10.1039/C4FD00155A | As a result, only a low η (1.36%) is obtained.The LPD-TiO2 nanolayer on the exposed FTO glass and the TiO2 NR array appear to effectively suppress charge recombination at the above mentioned interfaces. | What is the value of η? | 16330 |
{
"text": [
"Au"
],
"answer_start": [
314
]
} | 10.1016/j.solmat.2016.10.041 | The strong diffraction peaks at 2θ=14.12°, 28.44° and 43.23° respectively for both samples, which correspond to the (110), (220), (330) planes, are identical, showing the tetragonal structure of perovskite as reported in the literature The current-voltage curves for the ITO/TiOx/PDI-glass/CH3NH3PbI3/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au devices were measured both in the dark and under illumination for various PDI-glass layer thicknesses of 0 nm (no PDI-glass layer), 5 nm, 10 nm and 15 nm. | What is ITO? | 3503 |
{
"text": [
"14.64%"
],
"answer_start": [
132
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2017.12.017 | Consequently, the flexible IOSCs and PSCs fabricated with solution-processed p-(F)-PO-TAZ as CIL achieved maximum PCEs of 7.68% and 14.64%, respectively, which are significantly higher than those of the pristine ZnO-based flexible IOSCs and PSCs using a transparent conducting electrode (PET/ITO). | What is the value of PCE? | 7779 |
{
"text": [
"6.72%"
],
"answer_start": [
627
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.11.003 | Owing to relative lower cost (due to the inherit earth abundance of Co) and non-toxicity, CoS can be considered as a promising alternative to the more expensive Pt as a CE material for next-generation DSSCs that utilize organic dyes and cobalt-based redox electrolytes.Cobalt sulphide counter electrodes, fabricated by electrodeposition, are a viable, low-cost, earth abundant and non-toxic alternative to traditionally used platinum in next-generation dye-sensitized solar cells using the high absorption coefficient organic dye C218 and cobalt-based electrolytes, giving a highest JSC of 12.84mAcm−2, VOC of 805mV and PCE of 6.72% (platinum=6.94%).A combination of low component costs, coupled with simple and environment friendly fabrication processes makes dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) an attractive solar energy conversion technology Previously, electrochemically deposited CoS layers have been employed in DSSCs utilizing ruthenium dyes (Z-907 and N719), iodide electrolytes and flexible as well as rigid substrates resulting in PCEs of about 6% In this paper we report a study on the potentiodynamic deposition of CoS films on FTO glass substrates by varying the number of deposition cycles. | What is the value of PCE? | 42257 |
{
"text": [
"69%"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.02.010 | The MAPbI3−xClx mixed halide perovskite solar cells prepared by spin-coating of 3:1 MAI:PbCl2 in DMSO solution and subsequent heat-treatment at 100°C for 40min exhibited 0.83V Voc, 20.0mAcm−2 Jsc, 67% FF, and 11.1% η for forward scan condition and 0.83 Voc, 20.2mAcm−2, 69% FF, and 11.6% η for reverse scan condition. | What is the value of FF? | 8874 |
{
"text": [
"8.93%"
],
"answer_start": [
39
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.227076 | As a result, a further improved PCE of 8.93% is thus finally achieved (b). | What is the value of PCE? | 58364 |
{
"text": [
"854mV"
],
"answer_start": [
136
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2017.11.044 | The perovskite solar cells prepared from 1.0M HPbI3 solution exhibit a relatively low PCE of 8.66%, and the average Voc, Jsc and FF are 854mV, 18.1mAcm−2, and 56.1%, respectively. | What is the value of Voc? | 6284 |
{
"text": [
"0.09 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.03.139 | The photocurrent-voltage (J-V) characteristics of the PSCs were measured with a fixed active area of 0.09 cm2 using a CH Instruments 660C electrochemical workstation (Shanghai CH Instruments Co., China) under illumination of a simulated sunlight (AM 1.5G, 100 mW cm−2) provided by a short-arc xenon lamp (CHF-XW-500W, Trusttech Co. | What is the value of active area? | 976 |
{
"text": [
"0.25 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
32
]
} | 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.05.028 | The active area of the cell was 0.25 cm2. | What is the value of active area? | 39441 |
{
"text": [
"0.09 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
39
]
} | 10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.06.126 | The active area of the solar cells was 0.09 cm2 shows surface and cross-sectional SEM images of TiO2 nanorod arrays with growth time of 75 min, 105 min and 115 min, and lists the lengths, diameters and areal densities of the TiO2 nanorod arrays. | What is the value of active area? | 5244 |
{
"text": [
"17.09mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
87
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.05.054 | Combined with the highest dye loading amount, TQ01-based DSSC reached the highest Jsc (17.09mAcm−2). | What is the value of Jsc? | 57716 |
{
"text": [
"0.76 V"
],
"answer_start": [
162
]
} | 10.1039/C4CS00456F | In the presence of the Nafion®:Pt two-layers counter electrode and using the D205 dye, the overall cell efficiency increased from 0.11% (Jsc = 1.1 mA cm−2, Voc = 0.76 V, FF = 0.14) to 2.1% (Jsc = 4.5 mA cm−2, Voc = 0.69 V, FF = 0.64).Being the long-term stability a key objective of the present scientific research activity in the DSSC community, amounts of materials have been explored as sealants, such as thermoplastic hot-melt foils (i.e., Surlyn®, Bynel®,etc.), UV curable glues and glass frit (GF). | What is the value of Voc? | 60867 |
{
"text": [
"0.36 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
297
]
} | 10.1039/C7NJ01019B | The cyclic voltammograms were recorded at a scan rate of 0.05 V s−1 using the sample solutions containing 3 × 10−4 M of the sensitizer and 0.1 M TBAPF6 in anhydrous N,N′-dimethylformamide (DMF) as a supporting electrolyte under an argon atmosphere.The transparent titania electrodes (active area, 0.36 cm2; thickness, 10–12 μm) were impregnated with a 0.05 M titanium tetrachloride solution and sintered at 500 °C and then cooled to 50 °C before being dipped into dye solution. | What is the value of active area? | 63740 |
{
"text": [
"15.94%"
],
"answer_start": [
15
]
} | 10.1016/j.solmat.2018.02.015 | Average PCE of 15.94% observed before PEAI treatment is improved to 17.62% after 4mM PEAI treatment, which is mainly due to increase in average FF from 0.696 to 0.751. | What is the value of PCE? | 658 |
{
"text": [
"3.86%"
],
"answer_start": [
53
]
} | 10.1016/j.mtener.2018.02.004 | As a benchmark, the Pt CE based DSSCs shows a PCE of 3.86%, with open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 653mV, short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 12.92mAcm−2, and fill factor (FF) of 0.458. | What is the value of PCE? | 32592 |
{
"text": [
"0.728V"
],
"answer_start": [
116
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.07.067 | The DSSC with the N/S-PC CE exhibits a short circuit current (Jsc) of 14.42mA/cm2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.728V, a fill factor (FF) of 0.706 and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.41%. | What is the value of Voc? | 45589 |
{
"text": [
"17.02%"
],
"answer_start": [
384
]
} | 10.1039/C7TA07660F | Such an impressively stable performance implies the robustness of the Cs0.05(FA0.4MA0.6)0.95PbI2.8Br0.2 perovskite itself as well as the perovskite/metal oxide heterojunction interface.In summary, for the first time, we reported fully printable PSCs using a mesoporous TiO2/Al2O3/NiO/C architecture with a Csx(FA0.4–MA0.6)1−xPbI2.8Br0.2 perovskite material, showing a champion PCE of 17.02%. | What is the value of PCE? | 22673 |
{
"text": [
"13.03%"
],
"answer_start": [
111
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpcs.2017.03.020 | The perovskite-35 wt% cell obtained better photovoltaic, where Jsc=18.80 mA cm−2, Voc=1.10 V, ff=0.63, and PCE=13.03%. | What is the value of PCE? | 206 |
{
"text": [
"0.715 V"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
} | 10.1039/C1CC16248A | The effect is supported by the high values of Voc, i.e., 0.69–0.715 V. | What is the value of Voc? | 62747 |
{
"text": [
"18.34%"
],
"answer_start": [
106
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA12140K | Mixing SnO2 with 1.0 wt‰ Ti3C2 effectively increases the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 17.23% to 18.34%, whereas the device prepared with pristine Ti3C2 as the ETL achieves a PCE of 5.28%. | What is the value of PCE? | 15882 |
{
"text": [
"158 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
53
]
} | 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.03.020 | The VOC of the p-DSCs from 122 mV up to a maximum of 158 mV with >6% doping. | What is the value of VOC? | 58473 |
{
"text": [
"6.52%"
],
"answer_start": [
142
]
} | 10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.05.068 | DSSC with Bi/Mo2C/MC CE has a high Jsc of 18.11mAcm−2 and Voc of 0.71V, resulting in a higher PCE of 8.06% than those of Mo2C/MC (7.29%), MC (6.52%), and Pt (7.08%). | What is the value of PCE? | 26560 |
{
"text": [
"0.36cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
26
]
} | 10.1016/j.renene.2013.12.033 | The total active area was 0.36cm2. | What is the value of active area? | 47304 |
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
} | 10.1039/C4DT03602F | The platinum counter-electrode was prepared by depositing H2PtCl6 paste onto the FTO glass substrates and then sintering at 450 °C for 30 min. | What is substrate? | 74723 |
{
"text": [
"5.94mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
250
]
} | 10.1016/j.tet.2014.03.086 | Among these dyes, the cell based on SDD4 gave a maximum η of 3.92% (Jsc=6.81mAcm−2, Voc=743mV, ff=0.62) under standard global AM 1.5 solar light irradiation (100mWcm−2), while the cells sensitized with SDD1–3 and RD gave Jsc of 1.63, 1.87, 1.91, and 5.94mAcm−2, Voc of 632, 640, 692, and 759mV and ff of 0.70, 0.72, 0.71, and 0.64, corresponding to η of 0.91, 1.07, 1.19, and 3.61%, respectively. | What is the value of Jsc? | 45521 |
{
"text": [
"16.96mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2016.09.043 | The Jsc values increased from 14.50 to 16.30mAcm−2 for H-1 and from 14.67 to 16.96mAcm−2 for H-3; through substantial light harvesting, H-3 acquired numerous photoelectrons with its large absorption region and high absorptivity. | What is the value of Jsc? | 48253 |
{
"text": [
"7.81%"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoms.2019.03.004 | They also by used the same method to deposit binder-free SWCNT films for DSSCs and observed a PCE of 7.81%. | What is the value of PCE? | 42194 |
{
"text": [
"0.98V"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2019.10.080 | 72.3mg of spiro-OMeTAD, 45mg of S5 in 1mL), the devices with spiro-OMeTAD display the PCE of 14.61%, with an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.98V, a short circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 23.70mAcm−2, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.63. | What is the value of VOC? | 318 |
{
"text": [
"3.01%"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} | 10.1039/C5RA04862A | The reference ZnP photosensitizer shows a power conversion efficiency of η = 3.01% while the CZ-ZnP and IDB-ZnP dyes show the best performance with η = 3.47% and 3.62%, respectively. | What is the value of η? | 75620 |
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} | 10.1039/C4RA03949A | om-SnO2 IF layer was used a buffer layer between the HM-SnO2 spheres and the FTO substrates in DSSCs to improve light harvesting, enhance electron transport, decrease charge recombination, and reduce interfacial/internal resistance. | What is substrate? | 70003 |
{
"text": [
"16.59%"
],
"answer_start": [
99
]
} | 10.1039/C8TC01570H | For PSCs obtained using DMSO for the preparation of a precursor, the PCE was gradually improved to 16.59% with an increase in the amount of DMSO added to the perovskite precursors. | What is the value of PCE? | 20101 |
{
"text": [
"0.04 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} | 10.1039/C8NR00152A | The cell size was 1.5 cm × 1.5 cm and the active area of each solar cell was 0.04 cm2, which was defined by the area of the Ag electrode. | What is the value of active area? | 20422 |
{
"text": [
"0.83V"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
} | 10.1016/j.solmat.2019.03.022 | We have achieved 12.33% PCE with 20.90mA/cm2 Jsc, 0.83V Voc for NIR annealed device.J-V characteristics under 1sun illumination, dark current characteristics, incident photon conversion efficiency (IPCE) and PCE histogram for both devices are shown in (a) that, 12.33% PCE is achieved on active area 4.5 mm2with 20.90mA/cm2 Jsc, 0.83V Voc and 71.06% fill factor for NIR annealed device. | What is the value of Voc? | 3575 |
{
"text": [
"0.5 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA08215G | The device active area was 0.5 cm2 as defined by a shadow mask. | What is the value of active area? | 18963 |
{
"text": [
"7.18%"
],
"answer_start": [
74
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2011.08.010 | The PCE increases in the order of HB (4.39%) <HF (4.66%) <HT (5.29%) <HP (7.18%). | What is the value of PCE? | 47787 |
{
"text": [
"12.97%"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
} | 10.1016/j.vacuum.2019.05.025 | The devices modified with NPs and NCs exhibit power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.97% and 15.56%, respectively, which are 1.3 and 1.5 times greater than that of the untreated cell (10.29%). | What is the value of PCE? | 1465 |
{
"text": [
"20.75mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2018.10.037 | Overall, the EQE values exhibited the same trend as the Jsc values (1% DIO=21.51mA/cm2, 0% DIO=20.75mA/cm2, and 2% DIO=19.93mA/cm2). | What is the value of Jsc? | 8600 |
{
"text": [
"MAPbI3"
],
"answer_start": [
103
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.08.088 | The TRPL results shown in b indicate faster photo-induced electron transfer from the 3-PA SAM-modified MAPbI3 to TiO2 because the pyridine group of 3-PA can easier passivate perovskite surface close to TiO2, which reduces trap state density, facilitates interfacial charge transfer and significantly reduces the TiO2/perovskite interface loss The Mott-Schottky (M-S) plot is used to investigate the flat-band potential (Vfb) and charge carrier density of semiconductor thin film where ε0 is the permittivity of free space, ε is the relative permittivity of anatase, e0 is the elementary charge, kB is the Boltzmann constant, T is the temperature and A stands for surface area. | What is perovskite? | 706 |
{
"text": [
"100 mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
308
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2017.09.024 | The electrolyte used is composed of 0.1 M I2 and 1 M lithium iodide in acetonitrile.The photovoltaic parameters of the p-type DSSCs fabricated using the photosensitizers C1–3 and P1 on the surface of NiO photocathode were recorded under the illumination of solar light from a Oriel solar simulator (AM 1.5G, 100 mW/cm2) calibrated with a silicon cell covered with KG5 filter and attached to Keithley 2400 digital source meter.The synthetic pathways of three new organic sensitizers C1–3 are depicted in . | What is the value of solar? | 25996 |
{
"text": [
"720 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
76
]
} | 10.1016/j.tsf.2009.11.058 | 4 Ω showed the best result of 8.08%, with JSC, VOC and FF of 17.00 mA cm−2, 720 mV and 0.66, respectively, due to the high active surface area and good catalytic property for the reduction of I3− to I−.The employment of PEDOT films as counter electrodes on various substrates prepared under different conditions on the performance of platinum-free DSSCs were studied. | What is the value of VOC? | 39900 |
{
"text": [
"17.83%"
],
"answer_start": [
103
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.09.146 | After 100s of MPP tracking measurements, the steady state PCEs are calculated to be 12.70%, 15.47% and 17.83% for the TiO2, SnO2 and TiO2-SnO2 based devices, respectively, which are also depicted by the points in the corresponding J-V curves in To evaluate the reproducibility of the solar cells, we fabricated 16 devices for each type of ETL and their photovoltaic performances were investigated. | What is the value of PCE? | 1737 |
{
"text": [
"4.13%"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
} | 10.1039/C5NR02433A | 10, the DSSCs with TiC CE showed Voc, Jsc, FF and PCE of 640 mV, 9.77 mA cm−2, 0.66, and 4.13% respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 74243 |
{
"text": [
"0.81 V"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2013.08.014 | One also notices that device D20 + RSP gives higher VOC (0.81 V). | What is the value of VOC? | 27683 |
{
"text": [
"17.2mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
257
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.07.229 | Pin is input power which in our case is standard 100mWcm−2.Current density Vs Voltage plots of the fabricated DSSCs with GNPs and Pt-based CEs ( and are compared with previous developments in exfoliated graphene CE for DSSC are tabulated in The higher Jsc (17.2mAcm−2) can be observed in the device prepared with GNPs as CE compared to std. | What is the value of Jsc? | 48914 |
{
"text": [
"0.75"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} | 10.1039/C7TA09122B | The strong PL intensity of this optimized complex perovskite relative to un-optimized MAPb0.75Sn0.25I3 suggested that defect states were reduced and the band edge was sharpened in MAPb0.5Sn0.5(I0.8Br0.2)3, which indicates improved optoelectronic quality and excellent light absorption. | What is ? | 17308 |
{
"text": [
"0.68 V"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.08.068 | For a shell with thickness of 21 nm, VOC increased by about 150 mV to 0.68 V. | What is the value of VOC? | 50509 |
{
"text": [
"7.88%"
],
"answer_start": [
188
]
} | 10.1016/j.spmi.2018.10.022 | Being used as counter electrode to assemble I−/I3−-mediated DSSCs, it shows a superior electrocatalytic activity for the reduction of I3−, resulting a higher PCE of 9.49% than that of Pt (7.88%), and also a better electrochemical stability. | What is the value of PCE? | 26280 |
{
"text": [
"11.94%"
],
"answer_start": [
92
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA02918C | In addition, the control sample devices made from annealed perovskite films showed a PCE of 11.94%, which is much lower than that of the 5 h air crystallized sample. | What is the value of PCE? | 22659 |
{
"text": [
"774 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
114
]
} | 10.1016/j.cej.2017.01.055 | The DSSCs with Ni-Co-Se-180 loaded CE showed a highest PCE of 9.04% with a highest Jsc of 17.78 mA cm−2, a Voc of 774 mV and a FF of 0.657, which is comparable with that of the Pt CE based DSSC. | What is the value of Voc? | 46810 |
{
"text": [
"520"
],
"answer_start": [
92
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2011.09.024 | Subtracting the contribution of oxidized VM3 from the TiO2/N719/VM3 spectrum (normalized at 520 nm) produces the dash-dot spectrum (A–B) in . | What is TiO2? | 34102 |
{
"text": [
"5 h"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.08.034 | With the same soaking time of the ZnO film in the J1 dye (1.5 h) as the photoanode, the DSSC fabricated by using 1.5 h to soak the ZnO film in the N719 dye presents the best performance, as compared with those of the cells with shorter (1.25 h) or longer (1.75 h) soaking times for the ZnO film in the N719 dye. | What is the value of time? | 50555 |
{
"text": [
"100 mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
108
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.05.058 | The devices were characterized by a Keithley 2440 source meter under standard AM1.5 G-filtered irradiation (100 mW/cm2) from a Newport 91192 solar simulator equipped with 300 W xenon arc. | What is the value of solar? | 54600 |
{
"text": [
"0.90 V"
],
"answer_start": [
316
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.05.026 | As shown in A, encouragingly, the PSC based on 4 mol% Ni-doped α-Fe2O3 ETL exhibits a promising PCE (PCE=Voc×Jsc×FF100) of 14.2% with a Jsc of 22.35 mA/cm2, an Voc of 0.92 V, and a fill factor (FF) of 69.1%, outperforming the performance of the α-Fe2O3 device without doping (Jsc, Voc, FF, and PCE are 20.88 mA/cm2, 0.90 V, 65.5%, and 12.3%, respectively.). | What is the value of Voc? | 2081 |
{
"text": [
"1.94%"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
} | 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.05.033 | The results indicate that the cell based on the dye P1 showed maximum efficiency (η) of 1.94% (JSC= 4.68 mA/cm2,VOC= 0.588 V, and FF= 70.3) when compared to cells based on other dyes. | What is the value of η? | 57005 |
{
"text": [
"1 Sun"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} | 10.1039/C6EE03586H | The stability of the cell under continuous illumination (1 Sun, AM 1.5) was tested only in the glove box without packing. | What is the value of illumination? | 22445 |
{
"text": [
"5.43%"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2014.02.013 | Under the maximum applicable TiO2 concentration for each solvent (7.5% for ethanol, 40%, for EG and glycerol), we can see that the order of ethanol, EG, and glycerol, which features increasing OH groups, the PCEs of the devices increase, with values of 3.65%, 4.95% and 5.43% for ethanol, EG, glycerol, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 40019 |
{
"text": [
"CH3NH3PbI3"
],
"answer_start": [
239
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.04.042 | The results shed light on fabrication perovskite solar cells with thinnest compact layer and optimum efficiency.Methylammonium iodide (CH3NH3I): CH3NH3I was synthesized according to a previously reported method Methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) precursor solution was prepared by previously reported prescription FTO glass sheet (NSG, 8 Ω/sq, 20 × 20 × 2.2 mm): A 5 mm ribbon area was etched away with zinc powder and 4 M HCl solution, the glass sheets were cleaned with detergent, deionized water, acetone, isopropanol and anhydrous ethanol in a sonication bath for 20 min by turns. | What is FTO? | 7377 |
{
"text": [
"17.35%"
],
"answer_start": [
65
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.03.079 | The p-i-n PSCs with double PC61BM/CeOx ETL demonstrated a PCE of 17.35%, which is much higher than that of devices based on either a PC61BM or CeOx single ETL. | What is the value of PCE? | 11283 |
{
"text": [
"ZnO"
],
"answer_start": [
152
]
} | 10.1016/j.solmat.2009.06.021 | Further investigation to analyze the origin of the positive effect of these additives and efforts to improve the photocurrent with alternative dyes and ZnO pastes is being carried out. | What is ? | 29682 |
{
"text": [
"18.13%"
],
"answer_start": [
133
]
} | 10.1039/C9SC01184F | A similar PCE was achieved with devices prepared with the anthratetrathiophene-based ATT-OMe, which showed the highest efficiency of 18.13% among a series of different alkoxy length HTMs, showing that longer alkoxy chains are not beneficial. | What is the value of PCE? | 21388 |
{
"text": [
"67.6"
],
"answer_start": [
121
]
} | 10.1039/C3NJ01278F | The highest IPCE at 530 nm (the region of maximum light absorption by N719) for samples a, b, and c were 32.7, 47.6, and 67.6%, respectively. | What is IPCE? | 61701 |
{
"text": [
"5.29%"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2011.08.010 | The PCE increases in the order of HB (4.39%) <HF (4.66%) <HT (5.29%) <HP (7.18%). | What is the value of PCE? | 47798 |
{
"text": [
"9.31%"
],
"answer_start": [
54
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2019.07.006 | Hence, the dramatic improvements in PCE from 6.11% to 9.31%, Voc from 1.106V to 1.273V, and FF from 0.49 to 0.66 are achieved for the cell. | What is the value of PCE? | 6613 |
{
"text": [
"21.39mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
423
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.103946 | Furthermore, because of the much higher hole mobility and well-aligned energy level to the valence band edge of the perovskite layer, XY1 could facilitate more efficient hole extraction/transport processes, resulting in superior photovoltaic performance of the XY1-based device (Voc, Jsc, FF, and PCE of 1.11V, 22.21mAcm−2, 76.18%, and 18.78%, respectively) over the PEDOT:PSS-based device (Voc, Jsc, FF, and PCE of 1.03V, 21.39mAcm−2, 74.03%, and 16.31%, respectively). | What is the value of Jsc? | 2682 |
{
"text": [
"64.2%"
],
"answer_start": [
106
]
} | 10.1016/j.matlet.2012.11.123 | shows that the low FF value of the graphite electrode (20.9%) is improved by depositing Pt nanoparticles (64.2%). | What is the value of FF? | 34582 |
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
236
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2018.01.089 | Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) nitrogen absorption–desorption measurement (Autosorb-Iq, USA) was used to investigate the specific surface area and pore-size distribution of samples.Photovoltaic performance of the DSSCs was measured under 100mWcm−2 irradiation (1 sun calibrated beforehand by a standard silicon solar cell) with AM 1.5 illumination (Beijing ZOLIX INSTRUMENTS CO., LTD, China). | What is the value of illumination? | 55550 |
{
"text": [
"5.27%"
],
"answer_start": [
512
]
} | 10.1039/C4TA02529F | 3) were obtained by applying a potential scan from 0 V (short-circuit conditions) to the open-circuit potential, under constant 1 sun (AM 1.5G) illumination conditions and under dark and the electrical parameters are included in Table 4.It must be pointed out that the C2-electrolyte, which presented the highest conductivity and highest diffusion coefficients, attained the highest open circuit voltage (Voc) of 720 mV and the highest fill factor (FF) of 0.7 and an overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.27%; however, the photocurrent density (Jsc) was lower than the corresponding values of the C1-electrolyte. | What is the value of PCE? | 64297 |
{
"text": [
"4.03%"
],
"answer_start": [
193
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.05.054 | Although TQ03 exhibits a broad absorption spectrum which extends to the near infrared region, its DSSC produces a (Jsc) of 8.16mAcm−2, a Voc of 610mV, and a FF of 0.81, corresponding to a η of 4.03%. | What is the value of η? | 57729 |
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
619
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.07.153 | The dark current densities of DSSCs based on various compact layers are all lower than those of DSSC without compact layer, indicating the compact layer plays an important role in reducing the recombination rate of electron Considering the effect of UV irradiation on DSSCs, we used an UV filter (ZWB3) to remove the main absorbed light of N719 (, with the introduction of SYEu/SYEr, Jsc increased by 38.33% and PCE is enhanced by 49.03% than those of DSSC without the compact layer, which are attributed to the functional bilayer suppressing the recombination of electrons and blocking the back flow of electrons from FTO substrate to electrolyte, as well as the multifunctional layer can transform UV light into visible light d) confirm UC function. | What is substrate? | 42464 |
{
"text": [
"60 s"
],
"answer_start": [
104
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA05053K | 3b, the negligible difference of the slope from 1.12kT/q to 1.29kT/q for perovskite films prepared with 60 s and 120 s MAI loading times suggests a similar SRH trap-assisted recombination rate. | What is the value of time? | 13952 |
{
"text": [
"24.77Ω"
],
"answer_start": [
155
]
} | 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2017.03.047 | Nyquist plots and Bode phase plots of DSSCs based on FSD101-103 are shown in In the Nyquist plots, the series resistance (Rs) values of these three cells (24.77Ω for FSD101, 16.12Ω for FSD102 and 13.30Ω for FSD103) are similar due to using the same electrode material and electrolyte. | What is the value of Rs? | 30262 |
{
"text": [
"573"
],
"answer_start": [
63
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2019.107999 | The λmax of the dyes H1-3 on the TiO2 surface are 506, 564 and 573nm, respectively. | What is TiO2? | 44098 |
{
"text": [
"0.61V"
],
"answer_start": [
158
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.12.133 | Under AM 1.5G simulated solar illumination, the cell based on NQX5 showed a short circuit current density (Jsc) of 10.64mAcm−2, open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.61V, and fill factor (FF) of 0.69, resulting in an overall efficiency (η) of 4.46%. | What is the value of Voc? | 47542 |
{
"text": [
"0.62 V"
],
"answer_start": [
92
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2013.06.026 | Among the dyes, the cell based on 3 exhibited a maximum η of 3.53% (JSC= 8.27 mA cm−2, VOC= 0.62 V, FF = 0.69) under standard AM 1.5G solar light irradiation (100 mW cm−2). | What is the value of VOC? | 36620 |
{
"text": [
"0.17%"
],
"answer_start": [
373
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2013.12.018 | It suggests an upper energy level of the dye's LUMO, whereas to our best knowledge so far only a lower level was defined as limiting factor for efficient electron injection.New ruthenium complexes with different anchor groups have been synthesized and applied in ZnO based solar cells.The best results were achieved with the standard dye C101 and the new dye 4 (η=1.31 and 0.17%).Looking at the dye structures two points stand out: in terms of efficiency carboxylic anchor groups are superior to phosphonic anchor groups and the most simple dyes performed best.Using a simple model, we have determined the LUMO level of the dyes. | What is the value of η? | 36111 |
{
"text": [
"13.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
75
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2018.07.053 | An obvious improvement in the PCE was observed when the two HTMs (5.7% and 13.5% for the best pentacene- and perylene-based PSCs, respectively) were applied to the devices, as compared to the device based on bare ITO (1.6%). | What is the value of PCE? | 2866 |
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.01.132 | Prior to the photovoltaic measurements, the light intensity of the illumination was calibrated and controlled at 100mWcm−2 by using an Oriel 70260 radiant power/energy meter. | What is the value of light intensity of? | 36420 |
{
"text": [
"57.52%"
],
"answer_start": [
233
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2017.10.018 | The device based on untreated CCE shows relatively poor photovoltaic characteristics with open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current density (Jsc), fill factor (FF) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.96V, 17.04mAcm−2, 57.52% and 9.41% respectively. | What is the value of FF? | 11634 |
{
"text": [
"36"
],
"answer_start": [
106
]
} | 10.1039/C5RA18526B | 2a presents the image of the TiO2 dense layer, which shows that the TiO2 dense layer with a size of about 36 nm was prepared using a spin-coating method to reduce the charge recombination and improve the fill factor of the DSSC. | What is TiO2? | 76072 |
{
"text": [
"9.0%"
],
"answer_start": [
29
]
} | 10.1039/C7TC04649A | A stable device with PCE of 19.0% and negligible hysteresis was observed after the SnO2 layer was passivated with a C60-self-assembled-monolayer. | What is the value of PCE? | 16790 |
{
"text": [
"5.7%"
],
"answer_start": [
223
]
} | 10.1039/C4MH00236A | developed a series of perovskite-based mesoscopic or PHJ solar cells using spin-coated NiOx thin film, nanocrystalline NiO or electrodeposited NiO film on a glass/ITO or FTO electrode as the HTM, and the PCE increased from 5.7% to 11.6% was obtained finally.Apart from the widely used TiO2/perovskite/HTM configuration, another configuration, in which n-type metal oxides combine with perovskites to form a p–n junction without additional HTMs, was developed. | What is the value of PCE? | 13388 |
{
"text": [
"14.29%"
],
"answer_start": [
141
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.11.183 | A significant improvement of device performance is shown by the TPA modified PSCs under the condition of 8mg/mL TPA, which exhibits a PCE of 14.29% (28% higher than that of the standard PSCs). | What is the value of PCE? | 2634 |
{
"text": [
"1.00±0.01 V"
],
"answer_start": [
98
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.06.053 | For x=0, the devices have an average PCE of 14.5±0.58%, with a Jsc of 22.6±0.45 mA cm−2, a Voc of 1.00±0.01 V, and a FF of 0.64±0.03. | What is the value of Voc? | 3100 |
{
"text": [
"15.51%"
],
"answer_start": [
58
]
} | 10.1039/C7TC01224A | The PCE remains at 13.42% compared to its original value (15.51%), which indicates a commendable long duration stability with NiO:Li0.1 films. | What is the value of PCE? | 18398 |
{
"text": [
"7.08%"
],
"answer_start": [
127
]
} | 10.1039/C5RA26754D | The efficiency of JY27 reached about 88% of the commercial N719-based cell (Voc = 750 mV, Jsc = 15.4 mA cm−2, FF = 0.61, PCE = 7.08%) that fabricated and measured under the same conditions, indicating that phenothiazine is a promising donor unit to construct effective push–pull Zn porphyrin dyes for DSSCs.The effect of the structural change of dye molecules on the cell photocurrent characteristics was further investigated to analyze the difference between the Jsc values of the four dyes, and the incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) as a function of incident wavelength for DSSCs based on these dyes are plotted in Fig. | What is the value of PCE? | 61564 |
{
"text": [
"18.11%"
],
"answer_start": [
121
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA12206G | Note that, among them only a few fullerene derivatives such as DF-C60 as additives were reported to achieve higher PCEs (18.11%) than that based on the PCBM additive (14.4%). | What is the value of PCE? | 12930 |
{
"text": [
"glass"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} | 10.1039/C8NR08344D | The glass/ITO substrates were cleaned with water, ethanol, and acetone in an ultrasonic bath for 15 min in sequence, and subsequently treated in a UV-Ozone cleaner for 15 min. | What is ? | 14912 |
{
"text": [
"9.56%"
],
"answer_start": [
76
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2019.108099 | Finally, devices fabricated with JY57+JY59+CDCA achieved the highest PCE of 9.56% with a VOC of 787.03mV, a JSC of 18.24mAcm−2, and an FF of 0.67. | What is the value of PCE? | 54356 |
{
"text": [
"15.02%"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.11.055 | As a consequence, XSln847-based i-PSC gives a higher PCE of 15.02% than that of XSln1453 (12.65%). | What is the value of PCE? | 11705 |
{
"text": [
"1.00 V"
],
"answer_start": [
93
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.03.139 | The PSC without CsI interface modification obtains a PCE of 12.06% (Jsc= 19.14 mA cm−2, Voc= 1.00 V, FF = 0.63) under forward scanning, and a PCE of 14.38% (Jsc= 19.37 mA cm−2, Voc= 0.99 V, FF = 0.75) under reverse scanning. | What is the value of Voc? | 972 |
{
"text": [
"0.67V"
],
"answer_start": [
71
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2015.11.024 | The Jsc, Voc and FF of the DSSC based on electrolyte C are 7.80mAcm−2, 0.67V and 0.608, respectively, affording a η of 3.18%. | What is the value of Voc? | 43198 |
{
"text": [
"PTAA"
],
"answer_start": [
286
]
} | 10.1039/C9TC02362C | This finding suggests that CsPbI2.4Br0.6-TBAB has better electron transport, which contributes to the high Jsc and fill factor (FF) in the PSCs.To evaluate PV performance for CsPbI2.4Br0.6 and CsPbI2.4Br0.6-TBAB films, perovskite solar cells with a structure of ITO/SnO2/ZnO/perovskite/PTAA/MoO3/Ag (Fig. | What is ITO? | 19750 |
{
"text": [
"7.50%"
],
"answer_start": [
121
]
} | 10.1039/C6CS00752J | The DSSC with the I3−/I− electrolyte and the VC-MC CE achieved a high PCE of 7.63%, comparable to the DSSC with a Pt CE (7.50%). | What is the value of PCE? | 66566 |
{
"text": [
"68.85%"
],
"answer_start": [
78
]
} | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.02.136 | The best solar cell device shows 1.01/1.02V Voc, 19.65/19.85mA/cm2 Jsc, 67.27/68.85% FF, and 13.35/13.94% PCE for the forward/reverse scan directions, respectively at Ln=2. | What is the value of FF? | 7700 |
{
"text": [
"3.0%"
],
"answer_start": [
84
]
} | 10.1039/C7TA00269F | Therefore, the Voc and FF were significantly improved, leading to an average PCE of 3.0%. | What is the value of PCE? | 17142 |
{
"text": [
"NiO"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
} | 10.1039/C5RA25899E | We are thankful to Mahfoudh Raissi and Nadine Szuwarski for the fabrication of NiO films on FTO substrates.† Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Schematic view of p-type DSC; fluorescence emission spectra; cyclic voltammograms; TD-DFT simulated absorption spectra; NMR and HR-MS data. | What is ? | 70806 |
{
"text": [
"0.9%"
],
"answer_start": [
166
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA06987H | For the stability test at room temperature for 7 days with the devices kept in the dark, the unsealed devices based on pristine HTMs 50 and 51 suffered only 0.2% and 0.9% drops in their initial PCEs, respectively, which showed that these devices were quite stable.In other work conducted by Choi and co-workers, a vinyl chain was adopted as a central unit to form HTM 52, with two units of N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)aminophenyl, while forming HTM 53 with four units of N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)aminophenyl moiety (Fig. | What is the value of PCE? | 13050 |
{
"text": [
"0.83V"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2019.05.073 | With the incorporation of 0.5mg/mL CTAB, the open-circuit voltage (Voc) increased significantly from 0.83V to 0.90V because of passivation process and the diffusion of Br− on the bottom of the perovskite layer, the short-circuit current (Jsc) of the devices increased from 16.37 to 18.62mA/cm2, probably due to the enhanced conductivity of CTAB-doped PEDOT:PSS film. | What is the value of Voc? | 7584 |
{
"text": [
"15.87%"
],
"answer_start": [
32
]
} | 10.1039/C7TA02822A | Our champion devices show a η = 15.87% and 17.55% for MAPbI3−xClx and (FAPbI3)0.85(MAPbBr3)0.15, respectively, based on the etched TiO2 ETL, which is much higher than a previous report. | What is the value of η? | 19271 |
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