answers
dict | title
stringlengths 16
40
| context
stringlengths 13
1.96k
| question
stringclasses 124
values | id
stringlengths 1
5
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"text": [
"0.37%"
],
"answer_start": [
226
]
} | 10.1039/C4CS00309H | In this case, the dye composed by the rosella and blue pea flowers mixture has shown η = 0.15%, which is higher with respect to the one achieved by blue pea extract (η = 0.05%), but lower if compared with rosella extract (η = 0.37%). | What is the value of η? | 65004 |
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
330
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.09.072 | It also can be found that the PSCs based on NR-B ETLs exhibit the largest Rrec value, indicating the smallest charge recombination process and in turn the least potential loss at the interface, as witnessed by the largest Voc [In summary, we exploit a facile solution route to synthesize vertically aligned SnO2 nanorod arrays on FTO substrates. | What is substrate? | 789 |
{
"text": [
"6.99%"
],
"answer_start": [
468
]
} | 10.1016/j.diamond.2016.02.022 | One can clearly see that (1) there was a large efficiency enhancement when the annealing temperature was increased from 280 °C to 380 °C, mainly attributed to the promoted fill factor; (2) at high annealing temperatures the GNF film annealed in Ar ambient resulted in a higher PCE than that in air; and (3) the power conversion efficiency for devices with a GNF counter electrode can reach 6.08% which is around 88% of the device with a conventional Pt electrode (η = 6.99%). | What is the value of PCE? | 33546 |
{
"text": [
"2.27%"
],
"answer_start": [
103
]
} | 10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.03.271 | For this device the photovoltaic parameters were VOC=0.59V, the JSC=7.64mA/cm2, FF=50.41%, and the PCE=2.27%. | What is the value of PCE? | 32566 |
{
"text": [
"11.6%"
],
"answer_start": [
99
]
} | 10.1039/C4TA06425A | With the optimized doping oxygen flow ratio of 10% and thickness of mesoporous NiO layer, a PCE of 11.6% was obtained. | What is the value of PCE? | 19057 |
{
"text": [
"0.10%"
],
"answer_start": [
143
]
} | 10.1039/C3NJ01345F | The solar cell without SiO2/QD/SiO2 NPs exhibited the Jsc, Voc, fill factor (ff), and efficiency (η) values of 0.28 mA cm−2, 0.57 V, 0.59, and 0.10% respectively. | What is the value of η? | 76940 |
{
"text": [
"3.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
33
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA09452G | As a result, they achieved up to 3.1% PCE on 5.6 × 5.6 cm PET substrates. | What is the value of PCE? | 16280 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
} | 10.1039/B823498A | It thus should give a lower limit of the true surface area per dye molecule.Nanostructured TiO2 films (10 micron thick) on F-doped tin oxide coated glass (Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd) were prepared by doctor blading a colloidal solution (20 nm sized anatase particles). | What is ? | 77303 |
{
"text": [
"Au"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA02184G | The Au electrode was then thermally evaporated to finish the solar cell device with an active area of 0.09 cm2. | What is electrode? | 17553 |
{
"text": [
"8.61%"
],
"answer_start": [
198
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.09.063 | The short-circuit current density (Jsc), the open-circuit voltage (Voc), the fill fact (FF), and the overall conversion efficiency (η) of the DSC with Pt electrode are 17.36mAcm−2, 0.74V, 0.67, and 8.61%, respectively. | What is the value of η? | 54334 |
{
"text": [
"30s"
],
"answer_start": [
52
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.01.002 | Interestingly, after+2V positive bias treatment for 30s, the measured Jsc value was slightly enhanced to 8.01mAcm−2, and Jsc gradually increases as the treatment time increased to 60s. | What is the value of time? | 53882 |
{
"text": [
"13.2%"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
} | 10.1039/C4MH00238E | Despite apparent measured PCE of 11% and 13.2% PCE obtained from current voltage scans under simulated sun light, these devices exhibit very low stabilised power output, approximately zero for the planar cells without the mesoporous alumina scaffold. | What is the value of PCE? | 19529 |
{
"text": [
"45 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
228
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2017.09.024 | The results of photovoltaic studies disclose that, C2 sensitized DSSC showed PCE= 0.040%, JSC= 2.41 mA cm−2, VOC= 59 mV and FF= 29%, which are comparable with that of bench mark reference P1 (PCE= 0.047%, JSC= 4.06 mA cm2, VOC= 45 mV and FF= 26%). | What is the value of VOC? | 26010 |
{
"text": [
"1.95%"
],
"answer_start": [
181
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.08.006 | The results indicate that the short circuit current (Jsc) increases from 4.50 to 5.74 mA cm−2 remarkably and the power conversion efficiency (η) increases by a factor of 22.6% from 1.95% to 2.39% after the treatment of Zn2SnO4 surface with Al3+ ions for 1 time. | What is the value of η? | 58180 |
{
"text": [
"Au"
],
"answer_start": [
341
]
} | 10.1039/C9TA02142F | The band gap of the mixed composition perovskite was adjusted and optimized by varying the I/Br ratio, while keeping the ratio of Cs, MA, and FA approximately constant.The devices were prepared with the structure: glass-ITO/SnO2 (40 nm)/perovskite/2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9′-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD) (200 nm)/Au (80 nm), following the description in the literature. | What is ITO? | 12239 |
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
92
]
} | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.06.185 | b shows the schematic for the device fabricated in our experiment, which has a structure of FTO/c-NiOx/m-NiOx/CH3NH3PbI3/PCBM/Ag. | What is ? | 6675 |
{
"text": [
"Ag"
],
"answer_start": [
377
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2019.08.026 | It appears that the accumulation of the bipyridine materials atop the perovskite layer has a slight effect on the energy alignment between the perovskite layer and the PCBM layer.The electron mobilities of PCBM with or without the bipyridine materials were calculated based on the space charge limited current (SCLC) method in the electron-only devices (ITO/ZnO/ETLs/C60/BPhen/Ag). | What is ITO? | 11801 |
{
"text": [
"16.13%"
],
"answer_start": [
552
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.10.138 | It should be also noted here that enlarged VOC generation of PSCs with a ITIC-SnO2 double ETL as compared to those with a pristine SnO2 was mainly attributed to up-sifted CBM and VBM for the ITIC-SnO2 double ETL as compared to those with a pristine SnO2, as verified by UPS studies.In order to prove the efficacy of ITIC-SnO2 double ETL for the perovskite semiconductors other than CH3NH3PbI3, the low band gap perovskite with a composition of (FAPbI3)0.95(MAPbBr3)0.05 were also fabricated in the devices [, the devices exhibited a PCEs of 14.64% and 16.13% for the devices with bare SnO2 and ITIC-SnO2 as ETLs, respectively (). | What is the value of PCE? | 10908 |
{
"text": [
"8.51%"
],
"answer_start": [
295
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.06.086 | MoSe2 nanosheet/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) composite film as a Pt-free counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cellsA dye-sensitized solar cell with the composite MoSe2/PEDOT:PSS as a flexible counter electrode (CE) achieved an impressive cell efficiency (η) of 8.51%, as compared to an η of 8.21 ± 0.02% using the Pt-coated CE. | What is the value of η? | 38907 |
{
"text": [
"100 mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
55
]
} | 10.1016/j.mssp.2014.12.060 | The photovoltaic efficiency of DSSC was measured under 100 mW/cm2 from a solar simulator (HAL-C100).X-ray diffraction analyses were carried out to examine the crystalline structure of Au/PANI composite as shown in . | What is the value of solar? | 42683 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
432
]
} | 10.1039/C3RA23500A | Thus, the outstanding electrical property, flexibility and free-standing characterization of the graphene papers provide them with potential applications in flexible electronics, energy storage, and photovoltaic devices, etc.In order to demonstrate the applications of highly conductive and flexible graphene papers in DSSCs, the prototype device containing a free-standing graphene based counter electrode, a dye-sensitized porous TiO2 photoanode and electrolyte between the two electrodes was fabricated, as shown in Fig. | What is photoanode? | 67793 |
{
"text": [
"143 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
} | 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.11.037 | A PCE of 0.2% was achieved by the BQI-sensitized p-DSSCs with the NiO-TiO2 film sprayed six times (Jsc= 3.84 mA cm−2 and Voc= 143 mV). | What is the value of Voc? | 30191 |
{
"text": [
"9.42%"
],
"answer_start": [
53
]
} | 10.1039/C6RA06247D | The cell efficiencies (η) were 9.18%, for the JH-1-, 9.42% for the JH-2-, and 9.77% for the N719-based DSSC. | What is the value of η? | 70216 |
{
"text": [
"10.17%"
],
"answer_start": [
285
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2017.05.036 | This undermines the integrity of the film.(a) shows the photocurrent density–voltage (J-V) curves of the DSSCs with different electrodes, and the corresponding photovoltaic parameters are listed in , the DSSC based on CoSe2-1.1 CE shows the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) = 10.17%, short-circuit current density (JSC) = 17.65 mA·cm−2, open-circuit voltage (Voc) = 0.809 V and fill factor (FF) = 0.712, which is better than the PCE of device with Pt CE. | What is the value of PCE? | 35511 |
{
"text": [
"17.53%"
],
"answer_start": [
149
]
} | 10.1039/C7CP03760K | The cell parameters are: open circuit voltage (Voc): 1060 mV, short circuit current density (JSC: 21.92 mA cm−2), fill factor (FF): 75.06%, and PCE: 17.53%. | What is the value of PCE? | 22827 |
{
"text": [
"747 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
85
]
} | 10.1039/C3RA42360C | The cobalt selenideelectrode (prepared at pH3.5) shows open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 747 mV, short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 13.72 mA cm−2, fill factor (FF) of 71.3% and energy conversion efficiency (η) of 7.30%. | What is the value of Voc? | 67245 |
{
"text": [
"0.94 V"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
} | 10.1039/C7RA01303E | A maximum PCE of 15.49% with a short circuit current density (JSC) of 22.88 mA cm−2, an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.94 V, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.73 was achieved. | What is the value of VOC? | 16370 |
{
"text": [
"15.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
99
]
} | 10.1039/C6NR01010E | The vertically aligned TiO2 nanorod-based perovskite solar cell exhibited a maximum PCE as high as 15.5%. | What is the value of PCE? | 21046 |
{
"text": [
"19"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} | 10.1039/C2RA20542D | Under optimized conditions, we achieved an efficiency of 6.0% on plastic substrates using 19 nm TiO2nanoparticles with a scattering layer. | What is TiO2? | 60684 |
{
"text": [
"3.41%"
],
"answer_start": [
517
]
} | 10.1016/j.egyr.2018.01.007 | It also displays literature values of the similar studies (i.e.metal oxide photoanodes, ‘1 sun’ illumination, electrolyte and N719 dye) and compares power conversion efficiencies and other DSSC performance parameters with our layered ZrO2-modified ZnO/TiO2 photoanodes.For comparison, the reference cell assembled with ZnO/TiO2 photoelectrode exhibited a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 8.9 mA/cm2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.75 V, a fill factor (FF) of 50% and an overall conversion efficiency (η) of 3.41%. | What is the value of η? | 38002 |
{
"text": [
"13.80%"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
} | 10.1039/C7TA07968K | The perovskite NW solar cells based on P(NDI2OD-T2) deliver a PCE of 13.80%, which is much superior to those of the devices with the PC61BM ETL (PCE = 0.11%). | What is the value of PCE? | 22534 |
{
"text": [
"1.03 V"
],
"answer_start": [
67
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA07507F | The best cell containing pristine TPDI as the HTM affords a Voc of 1.03 V, Jsc of 18.7 mA cm−2, and an FF of 70.8%, leading to a PCE of 13.6% under AM 1.5 G (100 mW cm−2) illumination. | What is the value of Voc? | 20362 |
{
"text": [
"0.71 V"
],
"answer_start": [
173
]
} | 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2011.09.020 | Under standard global AM 1.5 solar conditions, the JK-206-sensitized cell gave a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 13.44 mA cm−2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.71 V, and a fill factor of 0.74, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency of 7.08%. | What is the value of Voc? | 25668 |
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
94
]
} | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.04.076 | Steady-state J–V characteristics were measured under AM 1.5 illumination with an intensity of 100mWcm−2 from a 94023A Oriel Sol3A solar simulator (Newport Stratford, Inc.), and the light intensity from a 450W xenon lamp was calibrated with a standard crystalline silicon solar cell; the J–V curves were collected with an Oriels I–V test station (PVIV-1A, Keithley 2400 Source Meter, Labview, 2009 SP1 GUI Software, Newport).High Na substitute content BiFeO3 material was synthesized by a simple solution-processed method. | What is the value of illumination? | 10393 |
{
"text": [
"0.59 V"
],
"answer_start": [
231
]
} | 10.1016/j.jssc.2012.02.026 | Noteworthy is that the J–V characteristics of ZnO@TiO2 NAs electrodes are much better than that of pure ZnO NAs (please see (c)); ZnO@TiO2 NAs with 14 μm length has achieved a maximum efficiency up to 3.80% (Jsc=10.55 mA cm−2, Voc=0.59 V and FF=0.61), which is 2.6 times higher than that of pure ZnO NAs electrode (1.46%). | What is the value of Voc? | 49384 |
{
"text": [
"8.6%"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
} | 10.1016/S1872-2067(19)63361-9 | Notably, the Co3O4 CE with an activation time of 30 s displayed a PCE of 8.6%, which is similar to that a cell involving platinum CE (8.6%). | What is the value of PCE? | 36798 |
{
"text": [
"I−/I3−"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.09.142 | The voltammogram shows that PEDOT:PSS layer catalyzes the redox reactions of I−/I3− (redox peaks a, b, c and d) as the platinum layer The energy diagram of the two architectures is shown in . | What is redox reactions? | 44071 |
{
"text": [
"0.555 V"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2010.07.009 | The conversion efficiency of the DSSCs prepared by anthocyanin dyes from mulberry extract is 0.548%, with VOC of 0.555 V and JSC of 1.89 mA/cm2 and FF of 0.53. | What is the value of VOC? | 29206 |
{
"text": [
"13.07mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
415
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2016.09.009 | Grain structure control and greatly enhanced carrier transport by CH3NH3PbCl3 interlayer in two-step solution processed planar perovskite solar cellsWe report that the use of a CH3NH3PbCl3 interlayer onto the PEDOT:PSS layer in the two-step solution deposition of CH3NH3Pbl3 for planar p-i-n type perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can lead to a dramatic enhancement of short-circuit current density (Jsc) by 52.8% from 13.07mAcm−2 to 19.98mAcm−2. | What is the value of Jsc? | 9136 |
{
"text": [
"3.20%"
],
"answer_start": [
157
]
} | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.10.103 | When a layer of Pt (12.5 nm thick) is coated on ITO/Cr/DLC (n-type) counter electrode, the conversion efficiency reached 3.35%, while standard ITO/Pt showed 3.20% conversion efficiency under similar conditions (100 mA/cm2 intensity illumination). | What is the value of efficiency? | 28864 |
{
"text": [
"729 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} | 10.1039/C3CP44555K | For YD12, the great enhancement in VOC from 550 (no TBP) to 729 mV (with TBP) is mainly due to a large upward shift of the TiO2 potential and the significant retardation of charge recombination and the small degradation of JSC upon TPB addition are due to reduction of electron-injection yields for the up-shifted TiO2 potential. | What is the value of VOC? | 66786 |
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
385
]
} | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.06.119 | After adsorption of N719 dye, the absorbance of the resulting solution was measured by UV–Vis spectrophotometer and thus the amount of dye adsorbed Aad was calculated by the molar extinction coefficient of 1.41×104dm3mol−1cm−1 at 515nm Current-voltage characteristics of the as-fabricated DSSCs were measured by using a Keithley 2400 source meter under simulated AM 1.5G illumination (100mWcm−2) provided by a solar simulator (Oriel Newport) to determine the open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current density (Jsc), fill factor (FF), and conversion efficiency (η). | What is the value of illumination? | 41940 |
{
"text": [
"12.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
} | 10.1039/C8RA03993C | Interestingly, devices with PCBM/TiOx/Al interface show improved FF of about 77.6% (reverse), PCE of ∼12.5% (reverse) and reduced Rs (10 Ω) compared to PCBM/Al interface based devices, which exhibit FF of about 61.2% (reverse), PCE of ∼9.7% (reverse) and about 12-fold higher Rs value of more than 130 Ω. | What is the value of PCE? | 18244 |
{
"text": [
"7.09%"
],
"answer_start": [
51
]
} | 10.1039/C5GC02814K | Remarkably, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.09% was obtained by utilizing leaf-like CZTS PLAr as the CE for DSSCs, which was higher than that of Pt (6.01%). | What is the value of PCE? | 72513 |
{
"text": [
"18.11%"
],
"answer_start": [
198
]
} | 10.1016/j.spmi.2018.03.051 | The TiO2 nanorod array perovskite solar cells with the Y/Ti molar ratios in the hydrothermal grown solutions of 0%, 3% and 5% exhibited the best photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.42%, 18.11% and 17.09%, and the average PCE of 15.79±0.92%, 17.24±0.87% and 16.40±0.69%.The oriented and aligned TiO2 nanorod arrays on a transparent conductive substrate have attracted much attention in the fields of dye-sensitized solar cells [], and organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells due to their better electron transfer and lower charge recombination []. | What is the value of PCE? | 1563 |
{
"text": [
"7.18%"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} | 10.1016/j.carbon.2012.11.002 | The PCE of the DSC with GO ultrasonicated for 10 min is 6.70% under AM1.5G illumination, quite close to that (7.18%) of the liquid DSC.The efficiency improvement of DSCs by the ultrasonication is attributed to the small GO sheets, because small GO sheets can facilitate the ion transport in the gels. | What is the value of PCE? | 46979 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
66
]
} | 10.1039/C4RA01956C | Compared to a single layer photoanode fabricated with as-prepared TiO2 nanocrystals, a 38% increase in the conversion efficiency was observed due to the introduction of the HTMCS top-layer.The financial support of National Science Fund of China (no. | What is photoanode? | 73431 |
{
"text": [
"8.93%"
],
"answer_start": [
37
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.227076 | The resulting DSSC yielding a PCE of 8.93% after an additional TiCl4 treatment, which is 90.4% higher than the bare TNTA based device.TNTA was prepared by electrochemical anodization technique similar to our previous works []. | What is the value of PCE? | 58363 |
{
"text": [
"silver"
],
"answer_start": [
14
]
} | 10.1016/j.spmi.2017.12.015 | In the end, a silver counter electrode was evaporated by thermal evaporation.The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images were performed using a Hitachi S-4800 with an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) system (EDAX Genesis 2000). | What is counter electrode? | 10029 |
{
"text": [
"2.97 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
32
]
} | 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.03.024 | The Jsc of In2O3-DSSC, which is 2.97 mA/cm2 when In2O3 IOs are uses as photoanode, is enhanced to 5.32 and 6.26 mA/cm2 as Tm and Yb ions are doped into In2O3 respectively. | What is the value of Jsc? | 37336 |
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
140
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.09.138 | The DSSC components were then fabricated to a sandwich structure and illuminated by a standard solar simulator (XM-500W, Trusttech) under a 100mWcm−2 irradiation calibrated by a standard silicon solar cell (91150V, Newport Corporation). | What is the value of solar? | 26374 |
{
"text": [
"0 s"
],
"answer_start": [
147
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA08262E | 5(b), the doping profile with a plateau region beyond 20 nm from the junction can be observed in both devices with the MAI loading time more than 30 s, where the doping density is around 5 × 1016 cm−3. | What is the value of time? | 23099 |
{
"text": [
"0 s"
],
"answer_start": [
238
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA05053K | It can be seen that the mobile ion concentration with the MAI loading time follows a trend: the mobile ion concentration first decreases from 7.2 × 1016 cm−3 to the smallest value of 1.8 × 1016 cm−3 as the MAI loading time increases from 0 s to 60 s. | What is the value of time? | 13933 |
{
"text": [
"7.6%"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
} | 10.1039/C4TA03056G | Our fabricated P25 DSCs showed PCE up to 7.6% (VOC = 0.72 V, JSC = 17.4, and FF = 0.61), which were comparable to the values reported for the chosen configuration and choice of dye and electrolyte. | What is the value of PCE? | 60770 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
242
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.09.060 | However, compared with the cell P25, the cells assembled with the CNF-TNF and CNF-TNF+UTHS anodes show significant reduction on R3, implying that these two DSSCs have lower interfacial charge recombination and faster electron transfer at the TiO2/dye/electrolyte The Bode phase plots of EIS spectra have been widely used to investigate the electron lifetime (τe) in the photoanode film according to the equation: τe= 1/2πfmax where fmax is maximum frequency of the peak at intermediate frequency (b), the fmax values of different DSSCs increase in the order: CNF-TNF+UTHS (0.75 Hz) < CNF-TNF (0.84 Hz) < P25 (11.6 Hz), while the order of their corresponding τe is reversed as CNF − TNF + UTHS (212.2 ms) > CNF-TNF (189.2 ms) > P25 (13.7 ms). | What is photoanode? | 52071 |
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
197
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.10.130 | Our result shows that the 4-picolinic acid self-assembled monolayer modified device exhibits the highest efficiency of 18.90% and negligible hysteresis index of 0.03 under illumination of AM 1.5G (100mWcm−2), compared to that (14.65%) of the unmodified device. | What is the value of illumination? | 422 |
{
"text": [
"5.70%"
],
"answer_start": [
233
]
} | 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.12.012 | The η of the DSSC with an electrode of TiO2 (P-25)/Ni-doped TiO2 particles (6.84%), in which these Ni-doped TiO2 particles with 0.05 g Ni were calcined at 400 °C, substantially exceeded that of the DSSC with a TiO2 (P-25) electrode (5.70%) due to the effects of the energy barrier of NiO and the light-scattering in the DSSC. | What is the value of η? | 40271 |
{
"text": [
"0.93 V"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2015.02.023 | All PHJ pero-HSCs possess a similar fill factor (FF) of ∼0.61, and an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of ∼0.93 V, but with significantly different short-circuit current density (JSC), consequently significantly different PCEs. | What is the value of VOC? | 2197 |
{
"text": [
"3.7"
],
"answer_start": [
290
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.09.002 | The different bending states including straight forms (0°, 0°(recovering) and−0°(recovering)), positive bending states (90°, 180° and 360°) and negative bending states (−90°,−180° and−360°) are illustrated schematically in show J-V characteristics and photovoltaic parameters' values of a 3.7cm long FF-DSSC based on the TT-N-3 TiO2 nanorod array in different bending states under SM irradiation, respectively. | What is TiO2? | 44918 |
{
"text": [
"10.9%"
],
"answer_start": [
92
]
} | 10.1039/C5EE03522H | In comparison we determined the JVPCE and SPO for the champion control cell to be 13.1% and 10.9% respectively, giving an SPO/JVPCE ratio of 0.83. | What is the value of PCE? | 18226 |
{
"text": [
"0.97 Sun"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
} | 10.1039/C0EE00086H | Current–voltage (I–V) characteristics of DSC was measured under an illumination (AM1.5, 0.97 Sun) using a Newport solar simulator (450W Oriel xenon lamp equipped with appropriate filters) and Keithley source-meter. | What is the value of illumination? | 66412 |
{
"text": [
"703 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} | 10.1039/C000584C | That could be the reason why Voc of such non-NH3-treated film (Voc = 743 mV) is even higher than those of the other two films (Voc = 712–703 mV, Table 2). | What is the value of Voc? | 66279 |
{
"text": [
"750mV"
],
"answer_start": [
163
]
} | 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2013.02.001 | The solar cell constructed with this semiconductor electrode sensitized by N719 provided short circuit photocurrent (Jsc) 7.28mAcm−2, open circuit potential (Voc) 750mV, fill factor (FF) 0.74 and overall conversion efficiency (η) 4.0% under illumination with light of 100mWcm−2 intensity. | What is the value of Voc? | 33214 |
{
"text": [
"76%"
],
"answer_start": [
122
]
} | 10.1016/j.solmat.2018.05.017 | The PSC device based on 0.4 mM I3- ions showed the best performance, with a VOC of 1.11 V, a JSC of 22.1 mA cm−2, a FF of 76% and a PCE of 18.7%. | What is the value of FF? | 4813 |
{
"text": [
"Au"
],
"answer_start": [
17
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.11.013 | Finally, 80nm of Au top electrode was thermally evaporated onto the HTM layer.All the materials were stored and prepared in the glovebox. | What is electrode? | 727 |
{
"text": [
"0.92 V"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
} | 10.1039/C7RA01303E | For device with only the Bphen film, the VOC increased slightly from 0.86 V to 0.92 V, and the FF increased slightly from 0.64 to 0.71. | What is the value of VOC? | 16381 |
{
"text": [
"18%"
],
"answer_start": [
230
]
} | 10.1039/C5EE00645G | At the same time it also indicated that perovskite cells with higher efficiency can be expected in the future as more properties of the components in the cell are known.The IPCE and I–V curves for the champion cell (D-2 with η of 18%) are displayed in Fig. | What is the value of η? | 18680 |
{
"text": [
"548mV"
],
"answer_start": [
86
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2015.02.001 | Both UY10 (Jsc=10.02mAcm−2, Voc=522mV, ff=0.67, η=3.52%) and UY11 (Jsc=11.82mAcm−2Voc=548mV, ff=0.70, η=4.52%) with double anchoring units confer an enhanced light absorption coefficient and provide an improved Jsc and Voc in DSSCs employing an iodine redox electrolyte in comparison to UY1 (Jsc=7.70mAcm−2Voc=512mV, ff=0.67, η=2.65%) with a single acceptor. | What is the value of Voc? | 24598 |
{
"text": [
"0.4cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
17
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.08.127 | A portion of 0.4×0.4cm2 was selected for active area by scrapping the side portions. | What is the value of active area? | 39755 |
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
} | 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.08.038 | The samples for TEM analysis were prepared by scraping off the TiO2 films from the FTO substrate and subsequently dispersed in ethanol. | What is substrate? | 58044 |
{
"text": [
"6.14%"
],
"answer_start": [
227
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2019.105395 | As a result, when the prepared Ni-incorporated material serves as electrocatalyst in iodide-mediated DSSC, the corresponding device yields a PCE of 7.01%, which increases by 14% in contrast to the single carbonized humic acid (6.14%) and is close to that (7.1%) of as-reference Pt electrode. | What is the value of PCE? | 30565 |
{
"text": [
"0.94V"
],
"answer_start": [
208
]
} | 10.1016/j.optmat.2019.04.014 | The pristine CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cells possessed the acceptable photovoltaic parameters including the short circuit current density (Jsc=17.90 mA/cm2), fill factor (FF=66%), open circuit voltage (Voc=0.94V) and power conversion efficiency (PCE=11.10%). | What is the value of Voc? | 10039 |
{
"text": [
"PtFeNi"
],
"answer_start": [
467
]
} | 10.1039/C6CS00752J | Aiming at reducing the cost of CEs and enhancing the performance of the DSSC devices, many alloy CEs have been researched, including Pt alloy CEs: Pt0.02Co, PtCo2, PtCo, PtCo0.50, PtNi0.50, PtNi0.75, Pt3Ni, PtNi, PtFe, Pt0.96Ni0.04, PtMo, PtMn0.05, PtCr0.05, PtPd1.25, PtRu3, PtRu, PtAu; free-Pt alloy CEs: CoNi0.25, CoNi, FeCo2, FeSe, FeNi, Co0.85Se, CoSe, Ni0.85Se, NiSe, MoSe, Cu0.50Se, Ru0.33Se, RuSe, Pd7Se4, NiPd; and ternary alloy CEs: PtCuNi, PtCoNi, PtPdNi, PtFeNi, etc. | What is CE? | 66564 |
{
"text": [
"0.65V"
],
"answer_start": [
283
]
} | 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2015.08.054 | Moreover, the P25/TN200 bilayer solar cell, which is fabricated through the same method as the P25/MS-2 cell but using the conventional scattering layer of TiO2 nanoparticles with diameters of ∼200nm instead of the TiO2 microspheres overlayer, exhibits lower Jsc (15.88mAcm−2), Voc (0.65V) and efficiency (6.71%) than the P25/MS-2cell as can be seen from . | What is the value of Voc? | 54722 |
{
"text": [
"9.04mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
115
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2011.12.006 | A maximum photon-to-electron conversion efficiency of 3.36% was achieved with the DSSC based on HKK-Por 5 dye (JSC=9.04mA/cm2, VOC=0.57V, FF=0.66) under AM1.5 irradiation (100mWcm−2).► Novel zinc porphyrin dyes with triphenylamine moieties was synthesized for DSSC. | What is the value of JSC? | 55332 |
{
"text": [
"68.70%"
],
"answer_start": [
85
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.03.014 | The 3D-2D device after 5min treatment showed VOC of 1.02V, JSC of 23.37mAcm−2, FF of 68.70% and thus the PCE reaches 16.50%. | What is the value of FF? | 2877 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
93
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2009.10.005 | The reason is that the energy level matching between adsorbed dye molecules, nanocrystalline TiO2, and electrolyte composition (or hole conducting molecules) is essential, and the introduction of scattering layer in the TiO2 is desirable depending on the absorption property of the sensitizing dye molecules. | What is ? | 49437 |
{
"text": [
"830 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
} | 10.1039/C2EE23988D | Despite their excellent efficiencies, the notable decrease in VOC compared to the parent N719-sensitized solar cells (830 mV) indicated a certain deteriorating effect of the sulfur-containing appendages. | What is the value of VOC? | 73719 |
{
"text": [
"0.158 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
64
]
} | 10.1039/B926726C | The devices were masked to attain an illuminated active area of 0.158 cm2.The nanosecond laser flash photolysis technique was applied to dye-sensitized, 8 μm-thick, transparent TiO2 mesoporous films deposited on normal flint glass. | What is the value of active area? | 70267 |
{
"text": [
"100 mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
262
]
} | 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.01.021 | The active area of the dye-adsorbed TiO2 electrode was roughly 0.25cm2 (0.5cm×0.5cm).The measurements of photocurrent density-voltage (J–V) characteristics were carried out under one-sun conditions (YSS-100A, Yamashita Denso Co., the incident light intensity of 100 mWcm−2), in combination with a source meter (Keithley, Model 2400). | What is the value of light intensity of? | 51061 |
{
"text": [
"48.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} | 10.1016/j.spmi.2017.12.015 | Moreover, a significant enhancement of almost 50% was achieved for the fill factor (FF), which was improved from 48.8% to 74.5%.Extensive investigation has been conducted to clarify the mechanism for this dramatic performance improvement after performing the diethyl ether treatment. | What is the value of FF? | 10027 |
{
"text": [
"0.73 V"
],
"answer_start": [
124
]
} | 10.1039/C2EE22998F | When the ratio increases from 0.15 to 1.99, JSC decreases from 19.0 mA cm−2 to 9.5 mA cm−2 and VOC increases from 0.67 V to 0.73 V. | What is the value of VOC? | 64720 |
{
"text": [
"19.18mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
} | 10.1016/j.materresbull.2018.06.014 | Non-doped TiO2 nanorods based perovskite solar cell shows an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.73V, a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 19.18mA/cm2, and a FF of 65%, leading to a moderate energy conversion efficiency of 9.1%. | What is the value of Jsc? | 1210 |
{
"text": [
"CH3NH3PbI3"
],
"answer_start": [
151
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.09.134 | On the contrary, the surface of mesoporous TiO2 film on the TiO2-NR-CL shows porous and leachy, which is conducive to the adsorption and deposition of CH3NH3PbI3.A top view SEM image of the perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 deposited on the mesoporous TiO2 film and on TiO2 NR compact layer is given in a, it can be seen that the film is uniform with grains sizing mainly from 200 to 400nm and the number of microscopic pin-holes is low. | What is perovskite? | 6519 |
{
"text": [
"6.14%"
],
"answer_start": [
120
]
} | 10.1039/C6NR01838F | Obviously, due to the smaller SBET of the NGFs-10, the Jsc (13.51 mA cm−2) and FF (0.623) decrease, reducing the PCE to 6.14%. | What is the value of PCE? | 68249 |
{
"text": [
"0.20 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
20
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.09.098 | The active area was 0.20 cm2. | What is the value of active area? | 58970 |
{
"text": [
"0.70 V"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
} | 10.1039/C4RA13130D | When a Pt/FTO is used as the counter electrode, the open-circuit voltage (Voc) of DSC is 0.70 V, the short-circuit current density (Jsc) is about 14.1 mA cm−2, the fill factor (FF) is 73%, and the photoelectron conversion efficiency (η) of cell reaches to 7.2%. | What is the value of Voc? | 73681 |
{
"text": [
"0.65 V"
],
"answer_start": [
106
]
} | 10.1016/j.elecom.2011.08.018 | The highest photon-to-current efficiency of 6.1% was observed using the liquid electrolyte, with a VOC of 0.65 V under a light intensity of 100 mW cm−2. | What is the value of VOC? | 33115 |
{
"text": [
"0.63V"
],
"answer_start": [
87
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.01.127 | Also, both DH-41 (Jsc=11.77mAcm−2, Voc=0.62V, η=4.96%) and DH-43 (Jsc=12.96mAcm−2, Voc=0.63V, η=5.78%) shows good performance. | What is the value of Voc? | 27588 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
207
]
} | 10.1039/C5NJ00569H | EIS results suggest that carboxylic acid anchoring group orientation can influence the electron lifetimes via affecting the recombination reactions between the electrons injected into the conduction band of TiO2 and the oxidized dye or I3− in electrolyte.In summary, we designed and synthesized two novel push–pull porphyrin dye molecules (WH-C6 and WH-C7) with a carboxylic acid anchoring group at the meta-position of the benzene ring for monolithic dye-sensitized solar cells. | What is ? | 72762 |
{
"text": [
"ZnO"
],
"answer_start": [
177
]
} | 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.07.006 | Insufficient surface coverage of dye molecules resulted from using shorter dye adsorption time, however, prolonged dye adsorption times cause dye aggregation and etching of the ZnO surface. | What is ? | 23684 |
{
"text": [
"0.69 V"
],
"answer_start": [
143
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.05.003 | Voc(CA-III) = 0.62 V), but after structure modification with octyloxy groups, the Voc of DSSC based on RD-IV augments by 0.08 V (Voc(RD- IV) = 0.69 V). | What is the value of Voc? | 40323 |
{
"text": [
"0.25 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
165
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2014.03.004 | The blank cells, consisting of two identical counter electrodes and a 60 μm hot-melt ionomer film Bynel (Dupont) in between as the spacer, have an active area about 0.25 cm2.a–d shows the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the self-assembly Ag nanoparticles substrates 1, 2, 3 and quartz glass, respectively. | What is the value of active area? | 23561 |
{
"text": [
"14.76 mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
165
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.12.030 | On the basis, the introduction of WO3 into the PT/P25 films could further favor electron transfer by depressing possible recombination, resulting in a higher Jsc of 14.76 mAcm−2 and an η of 4.94%, and the mechanism was verified by EIS analysis. | What is the value of Jsc? | 49087 |
{
"text": [
"1.96%"
],
"answer_start": [
288
]
} | 10.1039/C2CE25356A | When used in dye-sensitized solar cells, the device employing the hybrid ZnO/TiO2 photoanode exhibited improved short-circuit current density (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc) and filling factor (FF), which resulted in a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.60% in comparison to 1.96% from the pure ZnO cell. | What is the value of PCE? | 62919 |
{
"text": [
"0.67 V"
],
"answer_start": [
207
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpcs.2013.08.002 | The maximum photovoltaic performance of the flexible quasi-solid-state DSSCs was obtained with the porous PVdF-HFP/P123 electrolyte membrane having 50 wt% P123 content, giving a Jsc of 7.28 mA/cm2, a Voc of 0.67 V, a FF of 0.61 and a η of 2.98% performance.The DSSC with conventional liquid-state electrolytes leads to many problems that can limit the photovoltaic performance in long-term operation such as solvent leakage, evaporation and corrosion of the Pt counter electrode. | What is the value of Voc? | 29446 |
{
"text": [
"20.0 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
54
]
} | 10.1039/B716419J | An impressive efficiency of 7.13% was achieved (Jsc = 20.0 mA/cm2, Voc = 0.69 V, FF = 0.52). | What is the value of Jsc? | 63126 |
{
"text": [
"40"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} | 10.1039/C0CC04948D | A porous TiO2electrode was prepared by depositing the TiO2 colloidal paste containing 5 wt% polystyrene particles with 40 nm radii on F-doped SnO2 conducting glass and then sintered at 450 °C for 30 min. | What is TiO2? | 66446 |
{
"text": [
"66.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.06.023 | While the DSSC with NiS (Ni/S = 1:1) CE produce η of 6.95% (Voc= 0.78 V, Jsc= 13.4 mA cm−2, FF = 66.5%). | What is the value of FF? | 58652 |
{
"text": [
"3.9%"
],
"answer_start": [
194
]
} | 10.1039/C5EE02641E | The champion PCE of 5.1% with a JSC = 10 mA cm−2, VOC = 0.79 V and FF = 66% was achieved for P3HT/Si-PCPDTBT/ICBA ternary cells, which is much higher than the PCE values of the P3HT/ICBA cells (3.9%), Si-PCPDTBT/ICBA cells (1.6%) and Si-PCPDTBT/PCBM cells (4.4%).Before 2014, most of the research studies on the ternary solar cells were based on P3HT as the dominating donor, resulting in a relatively low PCE compared with binary solar cells based on low bandgap materials. | What is the value of PCE? | 15117 |
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