answers
dict | title
stringlengths 16
40
| context
stringlengths 13
1.96k
| question
stringclasses 124
values | id
stringlengths 1
5
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"text": [
"100 mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
} | 10.1016/j.cej.2012.02.007 | The current density–voltage (J–V) characteristics of the DSSCs were measured under AM 1.5 simulated illumination with an intensity of 100 mW/cm2 (PEC-L11 model, Pecell Technologies Inc.). | What is the value of illumination? | 29550 |
{
"text": [
"0.732V"
],
"answer_start": [
103
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.11.086 | Meantime, the Voc and FF of Pt/HGF (0.681V, 66.4%) are lower than those of Pt (0.707V, 69.5%) and HGF (0.732V, 69.9%), this might because that a higher Jsc means more frequent carrier exchanges between electrolyte and electrode b) were tested to study the electrocatalytic activity of Pt/HGF-CEs. | What is the value of Voc? | 51726 |
{
"text": [
"860 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
} | 10.1039/C8TC03542C | Despite this, the best cell with 3a had poor parameters, namely a VOC of 860 mV, JSC of 0.32 mA cm−2, FF of 0.44 and PCE of 0.12%. | What is the value of VOC? | 70890 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.01.012 | The TiO2 nanorod film grown at 150 °C is single crystalline and shows highest efficiency of 3.7% when incorporated as the photoanode in a DSSC. | What is photoanode? | 41842 |
{
"text": [
"542 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
240
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.10.135 | Meanwhile, trifle carbon, resulted from the carbonization of TEA, also might exist in the as-prepared colloid , such as-fabricated flexible photoanode yields extraordinarily better energy conversion performance (Jsc of 9.44 mA cm−2, Voc of 542 mV and η of 2.22%) attributed to the more effective electron transfer in the pure ZnO/dye/electrolyte system.In summary, we have prepared a series of hierarchical-structured polydisperse ZnO via a simple aqueous chemical method and investigated the effect of the morphology and size distribution of polydisperse ZnO aggregates on the photovoltaic performance of cells. | What is the value of Voc? | 43443 |
{
"text": [
"0.06 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
} | 10.1039/C7TA00539C | The active area of the electrode was fixed at 0.06 cm2.The morphology of perovskite films was characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM, MERLIN VP Compact), atomic force microscopy (AFM5500, Agilent), X-ray diffraction (XRD, Smartlab, Rigaku), and UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy (Cary 5000 UV-vis-NIR, Agilent Technologies). | What is the value of active area? | 17066 |
{
"text": [
"4.55cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
} | 10.1016/j.solmat.2018.03.039 | The active area of the device was 4.55cm2. | What is the value of active area? | 55195 |
{
"text": [
"7.28 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
38
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpcs.2013.08.002 | The Jsc increased from 4.96 mA/cm2 to 7.28 mA/cm2 as the P123 content increased from 0 wt% to 50 wt%. | What is the value of Jsc? | 29458 |
{
"text": [
"ZnO"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.10.135 | Furthermore, the optimized ZnO aggregates were also utilized in the flexible photoanodes for the first time, and the efficiency of 2.22% was achieved without any post-treatment. | What is photoanodes? | 43435 |
{
"text": [
"7.87%"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
} | 10.1039/C6RA20250K | Therefore, DN3% showed the highest JSC and a PCE of 16.52 mA cm−2 and 7.87%, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 67766 |
{
"text": [
"1.35mW"
],
"answer_start": [
288
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.09.002 | Under DM irradiation, the FF-DSSCs assembled using the TT TiO2 nanorod arrays exhibited a higher maximum power output (Pmax) of 0.500mW than that assembled using the HT TiO2 nanorod array (0.169mW) and the FF-DSSC assembled using the TT-N-3 TiO2 nanorod array exhibited the highest Pmax (1.35mW), which was in accordance with the results as discussed in due to their increased surface areas. | What is the value of Pmax? | 44926 |
{
"text": [
"11"
],
"answer_start": [
141
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.01.009 | Besides, the RCt2 of 17.4 Ω and the dye-loading amount of 1.14 × 10−7mol cm−2 for the compressed TiO2 film under 100 MPa with a thickness of 11 μm can be also observed. | What is TiO2? | 41759 |
{
"text": [
"65.6%"
],
"answer_start": [
100
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2019.01.008 | The best cell performance of a device incorporating HTM-2 (PCE=12.0%; Jsc=19.4mAcm−2; Voc=0.94V; FF=65.6%) was superior to that of the corresponding PEDOT:PSS–based cell (PCE=9.9%; Jsc=18.1mAcm−2; Voc=0.92V; FF=59.7%). | What is the value of FF? | 6830 |
{
"text": [
"0.747V"
],
"answer_start": [
254
]
} | 10.1016/j.cap.2010.11.012 | Consequently, the DSSCs are comprised of the sputtered Pt electrode, DC-plated Pt electrode, PC-plated Pt electrode at a cycle time of 1.0s (PC-1), and PC-plated Pt electrode at a cycle time of 0.5s (PC-2), the values of Voc are 0.735, 0.768, 0.789, and 0.747V, respectively. | What is the value of Voc? | 57813 |
{
"text": [
"76.23%"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
} | 10.1039/C6QM00097E | The mm-SFX-2PA based devices exhibit a maximum PCE of 14.1%, with a JSC of 19.07 mA cm−2, a VOC of 970 mV and a FF of 76.23% under the same fabrication conditions. | What is the value of FF? | 22326 |
{
"text": [
"0.868V"
],
"answer_start": [
130
]
} | 10.1016/j.apt.2018.12.010 | The TiO2 NWs photoanode (Cell-NWs) delivers a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 3.60mAcm−2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.868V, a fill factor (FF) of 67.60% and an only PCE of 2.12%. | What is the value of Voc? | 32432 |
{
"text": [
"700 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA03425F | While the photovoltaic parameters (Jsc, Voc, FF and η) of the cells based on PPAT5 and PPAT6 are 700 mV, 8.05 mA, 0.65, 3.7% and 650 mV, 9.8 mA, 0.64, 4.1%, respectively. | What is the value of Voc? | 66290 |
{
"text": [
"8.1mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
} | 10.1016/j.vacuum.2017.07.037 | JSC values of 1.1, 1.9, 2.3, 4.6, 8.1mA/cm2 and η (%) values of 0.3, 0.5, 0.6, 1.1 and 2.0 were calculated for anodization voltages of 10V, 20V, 30V, 40V and 50V, respectively. | What is the value of JSC? | 36688 |
{
"text": [
"0.18 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
366
]
} | 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.09.003 | Under a atomsperic conditions, we propose the concept of clamping solar cells by joining a perovskite photoanode and a CNT electrode, which has remarkable photovoltaic performance with a short circuit current (Jsc) of 18.54 mA/cm2, open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.703 V, fill factor (FF) of 0.600, and power conversion efficiency (η) of 7.83% with an active area of 0.18 cm2, demonstrating the potential of applying CNTs as a charge collector, eliminating both the metal electrode and hole transporter in PSCs. | What is the value of active area? | 957 |
{
"text": [
"14.35%"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2019.03.047 | The highest PCE is achieved to be 14.35% for the PSC devices with 350nm thick perovskite films. | What is the value of PCE? | 5396 |
{
"text": [
"7.63%"
],
"answer_start": [
167
]
} | 10.1039/C4RA06823H | Ripening of the DSCs occurs and after 7 days, the dependence of η on the halo-atom is in the order I > Cl ≈ F ≈ Br; the highest η is 3.16% for [Cu(1)(5)]+ compared to 7.63% for N719. | What is the value of η? | 75604 |
{
"text": [
"1.78 mA"
],
"answer_start": [
103
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2005.09.004 | 9-Bromo-3,4-perylenedicarboxylic anhydride showed the best performance, the IPCE at 431 nm 35.5%, Isc, 1.78 mA cm−2; Voc, 0.46 V; ff, 0.64; and η, 0.52%. | What is the value of Isc? | 36778 |
{
"text": [
"0.77V"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
} | 10.1016/j.spmi.2016.12.012 | The optimized PSC based on non-doped ZnO NRs presents a PCE of 7.99%, a VOC of 0.77V, a JSC of 20.2mA/cm2, and a FF of 51%. | What is the value of VOC? | 10804 |
{
"text": [
"8.0 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
} | 10.1016/j.solmat.2010.04.076 | The active area of the DSCs produced was 8.0 cm2.The dye was extracted from the DSCs by treatment with aqueous 0.1 M NaOH. | What is the value of active area? | 50777 |
{
"text": [
"7.626mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
251
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.135631 | Upon increasing to a certain voltage in the AOT method, the active area of the Ti surface increases proportionally, but further increases in the applied voltage decrease the active area of the surface [ clearly imply that JSC gradually increases from 7.626mA/cm2 to 8.752mA/cm2 when applying a 10V potential difference through the AOT method. | What is the value of JSC? | 53989 |
{
"text": [
"3.82%"
],
"answer_start": [
243
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.09.037 | The electrode made from spheres gives higher photocurrent (Jsc) of 10.9 mA cm−2 and fill factor (FF) of 0.73 as compared to that of TiO2 nanoparticles (9.51 mA cm−2, 0.61), resulting in an increase of the energy conversion efficiency (η) from 3.82% to 4.78%. | What is the value of η? | 25089 |
{
"text": [
"100 mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
} | 10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.03.271 | The solar cells were tested under simulated AM 1.5 solar illumination at 100 mW/cm2. | What is the value of illumination? | 32555 |
{
"text": [
"0.77V"
],
"answer_start": [
261
]
} | 10.1016/j.energy.2013.01.037 | Using the graphene/PEDOT:PSS CE, the Jsc, Voc, FF and η increased with increasing the graphene contents from 0.01wt.% to 0.05wt.%, and affording the highest η of 7.86% for DSSC at graphene content of 0.05wt.%, and corresponding to the Jsc of 15.7mAcm−2, Voc of 0.77V, and FF of 0.65. | What is the value of Voc? | 57619 |
{
"text": [
"14.69%"
],
"answer_start": [
65
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.09.009 | Whereas the PEDOT:PSS based rigid i-PSCs showed a maximum PCE of 14.69% (under forward scan conditions, PCE = 14.45%, Jsc = 19.66 mA cm−2, Voc = 1.03 V, FF = 70.74%; and under reverse scan conditions, PCE = 14.69; Jsc = 19.82 mA cm−2, Voc = 1.03 V, FF = 72.06%). | What is the value of PCE? | 7671 |
{
"text": [
"20.94mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2018.03.042 | Perovskite-PCBM blend offers a moderate efficiency of 16.54%, with VOC of 1075mV, JSC of 20.94mA/cm2, and FF of 0.73. | What is the value of JSC? | 3354 |
{
"text": [
"glass"
],
"answer_start": [
174
]
} | 10.1039/C3CC46224B | Very recently, solid state perovskite solar cells showed the highest efficiency of around 15%, wherein, thin metallic silver film was used as a current collector and the FTO-glass played a role of substrate as well as current collector. | What is substrate? | 62527 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
15
]
} | 10.1039/C0EE00396D | The calixarene-TiO2 hybrids are potentially very interesting new materials for semiconductor sensitization processes, as well as for the development of sensors.While this perspective's focus is on molecular hosts, it is relevant to mention a recent and innovative development involving dyes encapsulated in inorganic hosts, specifically zeolites. | What is semiconductor? | 68613 |
{
"text": [
"708 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
78
]
} | 10.1039/C9NJ00087A | The DSSC based on S1 showed PCE of 4.39% under AM 1.5G irradiation and Voc of 708 mV, Jsc of 9.39 mA cm−2, and FF of 65.99%, while the DSSC based on S2 showed PCE of 2.96%; the main reason for these results is that their Voc and Jsc values were very different. | What is the value of Voc? | 63809 |
{
"text": [
"2.16%"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA01665G | The performance is far superior to that of the single-dye device made from either TP3 (η = 8.00%) or YR6 (η = 2.16%) under the same conditions. | What is the value of η? | 64066 |
{
"text": [
"8.05%"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
} | 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.09.056 | The device fabricated by pure MAPbI3 perovskite films yields a PCE of 8.05%, with open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 970 mV, short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 18.69 mA cm−2, and fill factor of 0.44%. | What is the value of PCE? | 7119 |
{
"text": [
"8.7%"
],
"answer_start": [
100
]
} | 10.1039/C5RA13088C | The [Co(Cl-terpy)2](TFSI)2/3-based electrolyte in combination with Y123 dye yielded an overall η of 8.7% under standard conditions, with Voc values of over 900 mV.Iron (Fe) is the most common and economic element in comparison with other metals on the earth. | What is the value of η? | 65662 |
{
"text": [
"12.39mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
85
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.08.124 | The highest Jsc and PCE achieved by using a 33-μm-thick TNT arrays as photoanode are 12.39mAcm−2 and 4.12%, respectively (). | What is the value of Jsc? | 41372 |
{
"text": [
"0.99 V"
],
"answer_start": [
86
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA02507A | After careful optimization, the devices showed the highest PCE of ∼15.4 with a Voc of 0.99 V, Jsc of 20.3 mA cm−2 and FF of 0.774 with the device specification of ITO/PT (∼5 nm)/perovskite (∼245 nm)/C60 (40 nm)/BCP (10 nm)/Ag (100 nm). | What is the value of Voc? | 18176 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
9
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.05.143 | Then the TiO2 electrodes were gradually heated to 450 °C (rate =10 °C/min) in air, and subsequently sintered at that temperature for 30 min. | What is ? | 54034 |
{
"text": [
"1.10 V"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
} | 10.1039/C9TA04192C | The measurement exhibits a Voc of 1.10 V, a Jsc of 22.84 mA cm−2, and an FF up to 83.17%, leading to a best PCE of 20.9%. | What is the value of Voc? | 13834 |
{
"text": [
"3.46%"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2012.05.005 | Upon blending the copolymer with PEO, the resulting blend electrolyte increased the η to 3.46%. | What is the value of η? | 30819 |
{
"text": [
"0.78 V"
],
"answer_start": [
201
]
} | 10.1039/C6TC03680E | The fully flexible DSSCs assembled by TiO2 NWAs/2.4 mol% Nb-doped TiO2 NPs photoanode and PEN/ITO-Pt photocathode displayed an increase in the Jsc value from 9.98 to 13.60 mA cm−2 and Voc from 0.74 to 0.78 V, thereby exhibiting a good 7.20% photovoltaic efficiency, which was superior to that of the undoped TiO2 composite structures (4.96%).Flexible dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have attracted extensive attention due to their light weight, flexibility, low production cost and increasingly potential application value. | What is the value of Voc? | 68690 |
{
"text": [
"17.77%"
],
"answer_start": [
167
]
} | 10.1039/C8EE00036K | Meanwhile, we are pleasantly surprised by the fact that the PCE of the PSC based on 5% LAD outperforms the best control device with Li-TFSI and t-BP doped PTAA (PCE = 17.77%, JSC = 22.34 mA cm−2, VOC = 1.02 V and FF = 0.78). | What is the value of PCE? | 14320 |
{
"text": [
"1.17 V"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA06143E | Finally, a doubled power conversion efficiency of 17.1% was achieved for the best performing devices with a slightly increased Voc of 1.17 V, a greatly enhanced Jsc of 20.6 mA cm−2 and a FF of 70.6%. | What is the value of Voc? | 22291 |
{
"text": [
"0.16 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
32
]
} | 10.1039/C6TC01601D | The active area of the DSCs was 0.16 cm2. | What is the value of active area? | 66472 |
{
"text": [
"7.09%"
],
"answer_start": [
198
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2018.09.065 | Based on the results, the short circuit current density (Jsc), open circuit voltage (Voc) and energy conversion efficiency (η) of the DSC with simple H2 photoanode are measured about 16.87, 693 and 7.09%, respectively. | What is the value of η? | 50296 |
{
"text": [
"SnO2"
],
"answer_start": [
210
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA02071J | The similar donor–π–donor structure of PBT and NDT leads to their similar orbital density, which agrees with the similarity of photophysical and electrochemical properties.Devices with the configuration of ITO/SnO2/CH3NH3PbI3/HTM/Au as shown in Fig. | What is ITO? | 22946 |
{
"text": [
"0.16%"
],
"answer_start": [
163
]
} | 10.1039/C2JM30660C | What is most important is that the energy conversion efficiency (η) of the 5-layer thin film solar cell was 0.82%, 5 times higher than that of the Solaronix cell (0.16%). | What is the value of η? | 73799 |
{
"text": [
"17.13%"
],
"answer_start": [
68
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.12.041 | When adding 5.0% F4TCNQ into spiro-OMeTAD, device C offers a PCE of 17.13%, comparable to device A, which is the best performance reported for the PSC with F4TCNQ doped spiro-OMeTAD as HTL up to date. | What is the value of PCE? | 9720 |
{
"text": [
"13.6%"
],
"answer_start": [
64
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.04.191 | At 25mgml-1 NiO concentration, the maximum PCE of PSC can reach 13.6%. | What is the value of PCE? | 3514 |
{
"text": [
"6.06%"
],
"answer_start": [
132
]
} | 10.1039/C0EE00587H | The enhancement in the efficiency of the DSSC with TiO2-NP/ZnO-NS film (7.07%), with reference to that of the cell with ZnO-NS (η = 6.06%) is proved to be due to increased dye loading in TiO2-NP/ZnO-NS film, with reference to that in ZnO-NS film (IPCE, dye-loading values). | What is the value of η? | 61252 |
{
"text": [
"5.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
223
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.07.028 | The scheme of TiO2, dye molecules, and SiO2 particle with , the slight change (P1–P3) in the amount of SiO2 has led to a significant increase in Jsc from ∼12.55 to ∼18.72 mA/cm2 as well as a pronounced increment in η from ∼5.8% to ∼8.4%. | What is the value of η? | 48660 |
{
"text": [
"7.99%"
],
"answer_start": [
203
]
} | 10.1016/j.materresbull.2015.03.015 | The DSSC based on the Pt CE exhibits a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 16.90 mA cm−2, open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 750 mV, fill factor (FF) of 0.63, and photovoltaic conversion efficiency (η) of 7.99%. | What is the value of η? | 41310 |
{
"text": [
"11.71mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2013.03.007 | F4 has the highest light-harvesting efficiency and consequently an improved Jsc (11.71mAcm−2) due to its largest molar extinction coefficient, broader absorption spectrum and highest IPCE value among all the dyes. | What is the value of Jsc? | 38494 |
{
"text": [
"5.6%"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
} | 10.1039/C8TC03542C | Their best solar cell achieved a VOC of 1010 mV, JSC of 13.8 mA cm−2, FF of 0.59 and PCE of 8.2%, making it more efficient than the spiro-OMeTAD-based reference device (5.6%) and even more efficient than a liquid DSC based on the same electrolyte (6.0%).Kashif et al. | What is the value of PCE? | 70911 |
{
"text": [
"100–150"
],
"answer_start": [
235
]
} | 10.1016/j.matlet.2017.02.099 | The plasmonic effect of Zn on the performance of DSSC has been studied; also an attempt has been made to keep the cost of plasmonic DSSCs low with optimum conversion efficiency.TiO2 nanoparticles (supplier by Sigma Aldrich, size range 100–150 nm) and Zn (supplied by sigma aldrich, size range: 50–90 nm) nanoparticles were stirred and sonicated in isopropyl alcohol in separate beakers for two hrs. | What is TiO2? | 29422 |
{
"text": [
"12.9mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
15
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2015.12.007 | SY-01 gave JSC=12.9mAcm−2, VOC=708.5mV, and ff=0.7135, corresponding to η=6.5%, while the SY-02 sensitizer gave the best performance data, JSC=13.1mAcm−2, VOC=783.8mV, ff=0.7263, and η=7.5%. | What is the value of JSC? | 29973 |
{
"text": [
"6.36%"
],
"answer_start": [
144
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA04665D | In addition, after optimizing the morphology of active layers by solvent vapor annealing (SVA), the PCE of the device is improved from 4.30% to 6.36%.Electron donor DR3TBDTT and electron acceptor O-IDTBR were purchased from Solarmer Materials Inc. | What is the value of PCE? | 22362 |
{
"text": [
"Ag"
],
"answer_start": [
167
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.104099 | The active areas of the solar cells are 0.09cm2 and 1cm2 for the small-size and large-area devices, respectively, which are defined by the overlapping between the top Ag and bottom ITO electrodes.The crystal structure was characterized by Bruker D8 Advance X-ray diffractometer (XRD) with CuKα radiation operated at 40kV and 40mA. | What is ITO? | 9727 |
{
"text": [
"1.03 V"
],
"answer_start": [
128
]
} | 10.1039/C4MH00236A | Devices using an ITO/bl-ZnO/PC60BM/MAPbI3/PTB7-Th/MoO3/Ag structure yielded a PCE of 11.04%, with a Jsc of 15.1 mA cm−2, Voc of 1.03 V, and FF of 0.71.However, despite the wide absorption of low band gap polymers, it has been proven that the role of polymers is only limited to a charge transporting layer rather than as a light harvester because no obvious contribution to external quantum efficiency is found in the long wavelength range. | What is the value of Voc? | 13175 |
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
24
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2018.04.044 | The light intensity was 100mWcm−2 on the surface of the test cell. | What is the value of light intensity? | 1203 |
{
"text": [
"∼17"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.01.051 | Anatase TiO2 nanoparticle photoanode films with thickness of ∼17μm were used to fabricate the cells. | What is photoanode? | 27162 |
{
"text": [
"7.2%"
],
"answer_start": [
343
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2017.03.049 | Due to their unique 2-D nanostructure, higher dye loading, retardation in recombination; DSSCs made with photoelectrodes containing TiO2 nanoplates scattering layer showed 7.6% energy conversion efficiency (η), which was much better than the pristine NC-TiO2 photoelectrode (η: 6.7%) and the photoelectrode with commercial scattering layer(η: 7.2%).TiO2 nanoplates were synthesized using two-step hydrothermal method. | What is the value of η? | 45090 |
{
"text": [
"20 s"
],
"answer_start": [
96
]
} | 10.1039/C5DT02587G | 7 showed the two dimensional morphology of the perovskite crystal at different loading times of 20 s, 1 min, 2 min, 5 min, 10 min, 30 min, 60 min and 120 min, respectively. | What is the value of time? | 17656 |
{
"text": [
"0.93V"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2018.08.039 | For the PSCs based on TiO2 without any modification, a Voc of 0.93V, a Jsc of 20.18mA/cm2, an FF of 0.58, and an overall PCE of 10.89% were obtained. | What is the value of Voc? | 11245 |
{
"text": [
"14.9%"
],
"answer_start": [
120
]
} | 10.1039/C5CC01939G | When increasing the TiO2 film thickness to 150 nm, the JSC is promoted to 20.7 mA cm−2, and thus the PCE is enhanced to 14.9%. | What is the value of PCE? | 15937 |
{
"text": [
"15.49%"
],
"answer_start": [
167
]
} | 10.1039/C7RA01303E | When compared with the reference PSC devices without V2O5 and Bphen films, the PCE of the best-performing PSC devices with the V2O5 and Bphen modified layer films was 15.49% and still maintained an efficiency of more than 70% after exposure to air. | What is the value of PCE? | 16378 |
{
"text": [
"13.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
80
]
} | 10.1039/C6RA07359J | It contributed to large photovoltaic performance enhancement of the devices and 13.8% of PCE had been achieved with high reproducibility. | What is the value of PCE? | 15809 |
{
"text": [
"2.02%"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} | 10.1039/C5DT02951A | The individual complex 1 and 2 sensitized device exhibited a η value of 2.19% (with Jsc = 6.36 mA cm−2, Voc = 0.59 V, and FF = 0.58) and 2.02% (with Jsc = 6.04 mA cm−2, Voc = 0.59 V, and FF = 0.56), respectively. | What is the value of η? | 70309 |
{
"text": [
"45"
],
"answer_start": [
155
]
} | 10.1039/C3RA45170D | Among these dyes the zinc(II) tetracarboxy phthalocyanine showed maximum overall power conversion efficiency of 1% and the IPCE values are between 10% and 45%.The low efficiencies of these Pcs were attributed to deactivation of the excited Pc because of their high aggregation originated from the planar configuration. | What is IPCE? | 76323 |
{
"text": [
"10.42%"
],
"answer_start": [
72
]
} | 10.1039/C8RA08946A | The PCE of p-i-n cells based on JW6, JW7 and JW8 are 10.23%, 11.43% and 10.42%, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 19225 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.06.085 | The CH3NH3PbI3 precursor solution was deposited onto FTO/TiO2 substrate by spin-coating process at 4000 rpm for 30 s. | What is FTO? | 4797 |
{
"text": [
"6.46%"
],
"answer_start": [
78
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.03.054 | The PCE value of NiWO4/BC based DSSC was higher than that of DSSC with Pt CE (6.46%). | What is the value of PCE? | 25572 |
{
"text": [
"0.25 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
847
]
} | 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2004.12.001 | The surface photovoltage spectroscopy (SPS) and electric-field-induced surface photovoltage spectroscopy (EFISPS) study on the undoped and iodine doped MEHPPV films were performed and indicated that iodine doping turned the n-type conduction of MEHPPV to p-type conduction, which was accompanied by an improvement of photocurrent from 27 μA/cm2 to 148 μA/cm2.In the last decade, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been developed into one of the most interesting alternatives to current solar cell technology Poly(2-methoxy,5-(2′-ethyl-hexoxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene) (MEHPPV), which has been widely used in organic solar cells TiO2 colloid dispersion was prepared by following the procedure as reported in literature The I–V curves were taken by KEITHLEY 4200 under irradiation of white light (20 mW/cm2) from a Xe lamp with an active area of 0.25 cm2. | What is the value of active area? | 48173 |
{
"text": [
"8.41%"
],
"answer_start": [
75
]
} | 10.1039/C6CS00752J | Furthermore, in the I3−/I− electrolyte system, the PCEs of the devices are 8.41% and 8.0% for OM TiN–C and Pt CEs, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 66649 |
{
"text": [
"66.3%"
],
"answer_start": [
125
]
} | 10.1039/C4TA02976C | The short-circuit current density (JSC), open-circuit voltage (VOC) and fill-factor (FF) values are 19.1 mA cm−2, 0.98 V and 66.3%, respectively. | What is the value of FF? | 12390 |
{
"text": [
"73.9%"
],
"answer_start": [
98
]
} | 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.09.108 | The device without ZnCdS showed a PCE of 11.12%, with Voc of 0.997V, Jsc of 15.10mA/cm2 and FF of 73.9%. | What is the value of FF? | 10143 |
{
"text": [
"5.16 ± 0.24%"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
} | 10.1039/C3NR01689G | The resulting PCE of the DSSCs increased from 2.02 ± 0.15% (i.e., w/o MWCNT addition) to a maximum of 5.16 ± 0.24%, which resulted from the addition of MWCNTs (5 wt%) into the longest TiO2matrix NW (AR = ∼90)-based paste in this study. | What is the value of PCE? | 66463 |
{
"text": [
"0.25 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
38
]
} | 10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.05.111 | The active area of the electrodes was 0.25 cm2. | What is the value of active area? | 51372 |
{
"text": [
"100 mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2017.08.012 | The photocurrent–voltage (J–V) characteristics were recorded on Keithley 2400 Source meter under 100 mW/cm2 simulated air mass (AM 1.5) solar light illumination. | What is the value of illumination? | 38201 |
{
"text": [
"8.6"
],
"answer_start": [
53
]
} | 10.1016/j.rser.2018.01.005 | The perovskite/CIGS tandem device resulted in PCE ∼ 18.6% when a CIGS cell (with original efficiency 17.0%) laying beneath the semi-transparent PSCs top cell with PCE ≈ 12.7%.c. | What is ? | 7192 |
{
"text": [
"14.7%"
],
"answer_start": [
124
]
} | 10.1039/C7TA00362E | The efficiencies are significantly higher than those of devices based on PC61BM as ETM, which resulted in an optimal PCE of 14.7%.In order to better compare the device performances, a statistical histogram of the efficiencies of 20 individual devices using PC61BM and D-C60 as the ETMs are shown in Fig. | What is the value of PCE? | 19087 |
{
"text": [
"1.24Ωcm2"
],
"answer_start": [
54
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2015.11.032 | Triton X-100/MWCNTs and CPC/MWCNTs exhibit the Rct of 1.24Ωcm2 and 0.89Ωcm2; they are slightly lower than that of the pristine MWCNTs. | What is the value of Rct? | 55955 |
{
"text": [
"6.49%"
],
"answer_start": [
192
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2017.01.035 | When graphene content increases from 0 to 75%, the Jsc increases from 14.182 to 15.789 mA cm−2, the Voc increases from 0.687 to 0.715 V, FF increases from 0.666 to 0.724, and η increases from 6.49% to 8.17%. | What is the value of η? | 31279 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
207
]
} | 10.1039/C1RA00215E | The value of Deff in the DSC prepared with the drip and evaporation method was higher and the value of Rw was smaller than that for the dipping method.In summary, the drip and evaporation method for the dye-TiO2 nano junction formation in the DSCs is simple and more suitable for a continuous process. | What is ? | 75885 |
{
"text": [
"4.81%"
],
"answer_start": [
39
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2012.05.013 | We have achieved over all PCE about of 4.81% and 3.42% for the DSSCs based on TDPP1 and TDPP2, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 43595 |
{
"text": [
"17.9%"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
} | 10.1039/C6EE02544G | Finally, the hysteresis effect is substantially reduced, with a PCE on backward scan of 17.9%. | What is the value of PCE? | 18478 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
107
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.11.054 | The highest power conversion efficiency of 7.59% was achieved with the photoelectrode made of mixed 30 wt% TiO2 aggregates with 70 wt% nanocrystallites (N0.7A0.3), compared to the efficiencies of 5.80% and 5.35% with photoelectrodes made of pure nanocrystallites and pure aggregates, respectively. | What is ? | 23261 |
{
"text": [
"0.2 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
31
]
} | 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.01.016 | The active area of the cell is 0.2 cm2. | What is the value of active area? | 50700 |
{
"text": [
"I−/I3−"
],
"answer_start": [
75
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2019.06.054 | Usually, aromatic organic compounds incline to influence the redox couple (I−/I3−) and increases the stability and improves conversion efficiency of DSSC (). | What is redox couple? | 25383 |
{
"text": [
"15.74%"
],
"answer_start": [
160
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2019.02.012 | The solar cell device constructed using an optimal vapor pressure deposited perovskite film (M3) showed enhanced solar cell characteristics with PCE and SOP of 15.74% and 13.76%, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 5048 |
{
"text": [
"10.46%"
],
"answer_start": [
29
]
} | 10.1039/C8TC00610E | As a result, a higher PCE of 10.46% was achieved for XW31 relative to 10.16% for XW29. | What is the value of PCE? | 69971 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
22
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.10.066 | The cell based on the TiO2-B NB/anatase TiO2 NP heterophase photoelectrode with n= 5 achieves the highest η of 7.54%, superior to 6.79% of the mechanical mixing NB–NP cells and 2.13% of the naked NB cells. | What is ? | 52448 |
{
"text": [
"3.3%"
],
"answer_start": [
92
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2014.01.010 | The best results were obtained using dye D4, showing overall conversion efficiencies (η) of 3.3% (JSC=5.9mAcm−2, VOC=780mV, FF=0.72).In conclusion, we have demonstrated the design and synthesis pathway of D-π-A metal-free organic dye for ssDSSCs, employing a 1-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-quinoline fragment electron donating moiety. | What is the value of η? | 31575 |
{
"text": [
"17.18%"
],
"answer_start": [
59
]
} | 10.1039/C8EE02744G | Due to the well-matched energy level of B2F, a high PCE of 17.18% was obtained with a Voc of 1.05 V, Jsc of 20.63 mA cm−2 and FF of 0.79. | What is the value of PCE? | 16707 |
{
"text": [
"0.82%"
],
"answer_start": [
282
]
} | 10.1016/j.photonics.2015.01.007 | As for the TiO2 electrode with successive adsorption of monascus and gardenia yellow dyes, the solar cell yields a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 2.04 mA/cm2, a photovoltage (Voc) of 0.63 V, and a fill factor of 0.64, corresponding to an energy conversion efficiency (η) of 0.82%.Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is comprised of an adsorbed dye, a nanoporous semiconductor electrode-adsorbed dye, an electrolyte, and a counter electrode To this end, the adsorption characteristics from electron harvesting point of view and electrochemical properties from electron transfer point of view using gardenia yellow dissolved in water and monoscus dissolved in DMSO, mixtures thereof, or successive adsorptions of both dyes were investigated. | What is the value of η? | 29131 |
{
"text": [
"0.25 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
274
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA02522C | Finally, the carbon back electrode was used to cover the PSC device by coating the conductive carbon ink through a doctor-blade method and then, the electrode was heated at 100 °C for 5 min.The photocurrent density-voltage (J–V) curves of PSCs with an active area of around 0.25 cm2 were recorded on a CHI660E electrochemical workstation under irradiation of simulated solar light in ambient atmosphere. | What is the value of active area? | 17360 |
{
"text": [
"8.31%"
],
"answer_start": [
140
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA10305G | fabricated carbon CEs with commercial carbon paste by the doctor-blading technique followed by heat-treatment at 100 °C, achieving a PCE of 8.31%. | What is the value of PCE? | 20197 |
{
"text": [
"7.68%"
],
"answer_start": [
125
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.04.017 | The optimized device with Cs0.1MA0.9PbI3 produced a JSC of 10.10 mA cm−2, a VOC of 1.05 V, and FF of 0.73, yielding a PCE of 7.68%. | What is the value of PCE? | 3066 |
{
"text": [
"65.6%"
],
"answer_start": [
175
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.07.107 | The CB counter electrode with the particle size of 20 nm and the thickness of 9 μm for DSC shows the energy conversion efficiency of 7.2% with the highest fill factor (FF) of 65.6%, which is similar to the Pt counter electrode with FF of 65.8% and the efficiency of 7.6%.Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) have attracted much attention as a next generation photovoltaic device due to their high photovoltaic conversion efficiency (∼12%), low cost and easy fabrication process In general, platinum (Pt) is widely used as a catalyst in DSCs because of its superior catalytic activity. | What is the value of FF? | 52380 |
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