answers
dict | title
stringlengths 16
40
| context
stringlengths 13
1.96k
| question
stringclasses 124
values | id
stringlengths 1
5
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
195
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.03.086 | The photocurrent–voltage characteristics of the cells were recorded by applying external potential bias to the device under AM 1.5 simulated illumination (Newport, 91192) with a power density of 100mWcm−2, which was calibrated by a Si photodiode, and the active area was controlled by a 0.25cm2 mask. | What is the value of illumination? | 43737 |
{
"text": [
"9.0%"
],
"answer_start": [
175
]
} | 10.1039/C9CS00059C | On this line, the groups of Giribabu and Lianos reported the Pc Zn-8, substituted with four peripheral triphenylamine (TPA) groups, but again low PCEs in the range of 5.6% to 9.0% were obtained for the devices made with this HTM, and Li-TFSI and TBP dopants were necessary as well. | What is the value of PCE? | 13679 |
{
"text": [
"8.65 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
120
]
} | 10.1016/j.cej.2013.02.052 | The relatively high solar to electrical conversion efficiency of ∼4.3% with the short-circuit current density (JSC) of ∼8.65 mA/cm2, open circuit voltage (VOC) of ∼0.728 V with high fill factor (FF) of ∼0.68 were achieved by DSSC fabricated with graphene like thin film electrode obtained from CH4 as precursor gas.The traditional dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) comprising of a photoanode, redox electrolyte and counter electrode are receiving much attention due to their ease of manufacturing, low cost and high solar to electricity energy conversion efficiency Owing to its high electrical conductivity with large specific surface area (theoretically 2630 m2/g), a flat carbon nanosheets of sp2-bonded carbon atoms named graphene is considered as promising carbon nanomaterial in the field of nanoelectronic, electrical devices and photovoltaics applications In general, the graphene thin film is prepared by two ways first by exfoliating graphite flakes (such as HOPG or Kish Graphite) The HFCVD method was used to synthesize the graphene like thin films directly on FTO glass substrate. | What is the value of JSC? | 23884 |
{
"text": [
"6.36%"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA04665D | Consequently, the PCE of the device is enhanced from 4.30% to 6.36%, which is the highest one as reported in SMOSCs with such low Eloss and high Voc. | What is the value of PCE? | 22364 |
{
"text": [
"5.35%"
],
"answer_start": [
145
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2014.09.003 | Surprisingly, the performance of the IPCE spectrum of dye 15a (solar cell efficiency, η= 0.72%) is much lower than 15b (solar cell efficiency η= 5.35%). | What is the value of η? | 49037 |
{
"text": [
"1.07 V"
],
"answer_start": [
248
]
} | 10.1039/C4FD00155A | In contrast to the commonly used TiO2 nanolayer, this unique LPD-TiO2 nanolayer could slow electron injection and prolong electron lifetime, which as a result enhanced the electron accumulation in CH3NH3PbI3 and led to a considerably higher Voc of 1.07 V, the highest value for HTM-free CH3NH3PbI3 solar cells. | What is the value of Voc? | 16319 |
{
"text": [
"68.3%"
],
"answer_start": [
138
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA08651A | Among these four dyes, NSQ3 exhibited the highest efficiency of 6.73% with a Jsc of 18.74 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.53 V, and fill factor (ff) of 68.3%, without any co-adsorbent under an irradiance of 100 mW cm−2 (simulated AM 1.5G sunlight). | What is the value of ff? | 71735 |
{
"text": [
"MAPbI3"
],
"answer_start": [
252
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2019.02.010 | We suspect the weaker crystallization at 0 day trap charges at the grain boundaries more significantly.In conclusion, the highest efficiency appears some time (time scale of days) after the device fabrication in the nitrogen and vacuum environment for MAPbI3 and multiple ion perovskite films. | What is perovskite? | 10189 |
{
"text": [
"12.68%"
],
"answer_start": [
200
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpcs.2017.03.020 | According to the I–V curves (, optimizing the annealing temperature increased Jsc from 13.83 to 16.60 mA cm−2, while ff increased from 0.63 to 0.64, and Voc from 1.16 to 1.19 V, with a highest PCE of 12.68%. | What is the value of PCE? | 199 |
{
"text": [
"11.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
234
]
} | 10.1039/C4RA05578K | Despite the polythiophene layer absorbing a small part of visible irradiation, the optimized devices with 18 nm thickness of the polythiophene film have shown a good average FF of ∼0.65, Jsc of ∼16 mA cm−2, Voc of ∼1.01 V and PCE of ∼11.1%. | What is the value of PCE? | 12637 |
{
"text": [
"3.20mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
} | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.10.130 | Specially, the Jsc for Cell ZnO NSFs/Ti was much higher than that for Cell ZnO NPs/Ti (6.82 vs 3.20mAcm−2), despite the dye adsorption of the former is a little lower than the later (1.310 vs 1.902nmolcm−2). | What is the value of Jsc? | 43271 |
{
"text": [
"7.81%"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} | 10.1016/j.carbon.2017.06.095 | Note that the cell with the Co0.85Se/RGO hybrid exhibits a remarkable PCE of 7.81% (Jsc=16.01mAcm−2, Voc=0.706V, FF=0.69), which is even higher than those of Pt CE (PCE=7.55%, Jsc=15.44mAcm−2, Voc=0.707V, FF=0.69). | What is the value of PCE? | 28604 |
{
"text": [
"0.95 V"
],
"answer_start": [
175
]
} | 10.1039/C4NR02751E | As a result, the highest PCE was that for our device prepared using the lowest precursor concentration (10 wt%); this cell exhibited a PCE of 6.8%, JSC of 9.6 mA cm−2, VOC of 0.95 V, and an FF of 74.3% (Fig. | What is the value of VOC? | 16431 |
{
"text": [
"14.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
43
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA00168H | The best-performing device showed a PCE of 14.1%, JSC of 19.7 mA cm−2, VOC of 1.05 V, and FF of 0.69. | What is the value of PCE? | 21326 |
{
"text": [
"6.33%"
],
"answer_start": [
418
]
} | 10.1016/j.materresbull.2019.01.025 | One-step electrodeposition of amorphous nickel cobalt sulfides on FTO for high-efficiency dye-sensitized solar cellsNi-Co-S CEs with amorphous structure have been designed and synthesized on fluorine-doped tin oxide glass by a potential reversal electrodeposition technique, resulting in the DSC based on Ni-Co-S CE with the optimized Ni/Co ratio has achieved the highest PCE of 8.18% than that of the DSC with Pt CE (6.33%).Nickel cobalt sulfides (Ni-Co-S) have been extensive developed as platinum-free counter electrode (CE) materials for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). | What is the value of PCE? | 41513 |
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.11.082 | The photocurrent-voltage performance of the DSSCs was measured using a solar simulator (100mWcm−2, Oriel 94023A, Newport) equipped with a Keithley 2400 digital source meter. | What is the value of solar? | 23992 |
{
"text": [
"780 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
162
]
} | 10.1039/C4RA16493H | The octyl group on the benzotriazole unit shows the good ability to suppress charge recombination rate resulting in a good performance of 8.02% and a good VOC of 780 mV for the DSSC. | What is the value of VOC? | 72826 |
{
"text": [
"1.03 V"
],
"answer_start": [
181
]
} | 10.1016/j.cclet.2016.06.021 | The inverted PVSCs with the structure of ITO/CuOx/MAPbI3/PC61BM/ZnO/Al are fabricated and show a best PCE of 17.43% under standard AM 1.5G simulated solar irradiation with a VOC of 1.03 V, a JSC of 22.42 mA cm−2, and a fill factor of 0.76, which is significantly higher and more stable than that fabricated from the often used hole-transporting material PEDOT:PSS (11.98%) under the same experimental conditions. | What is the value of VOC? | 7710 |
{
"text": [
"0.584 V"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
} | 10.1039/C0EE00008F | Under the same conditions, the II and III sensitized cells gave Jsc values of 9.08 and 7.28 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.625 and 0.584 V and ff of 0.61 and 0.60, corresponding to η values of 3.39% and 2.55%, respectively. | What is the value of Voc? | 62879 |
{
"text": [
"7.6"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
} | 10.1039/C0EE00821D | Since R1 of the GCCE based devices (9.7 Ω cm2) is smaller than that of the GCE based devices (27.6 Ω cm2), electron injection at the P3HT/CE interface is more efficient for the GCCE based devices than for the GCE based devices, and as a result, a higher Jsc is obtained for the GCCE based devices than for the GCE based devices. | What is GCCE? | 76147 |
{
"text": [
"16.77%"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
} | 10.1039/C9TC01058K | The CH3NH3PbI3-based PSC showed a PCE of 16.77% with a Jsc of 21.30 mA cm−2, a Voc of 1.08 V, and a FF of 0.73. | What is the value of PCE? | 15519 |
{
"text": [
"22.14mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
11
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.12.035 | The Jsc of 22.14mAcm−2 for SD-11, which is 35% higher than the Jsc of SD-11 mono, can be attributed to the greater photon harvesting and more energetically favorable electron injection into TiO2 as supported by a higher molar extinction coefficient results and energy values of GSOP and ESOP (Electrochemical Impedance spectroscopy is, normally abbreviated as EIS, a basic technique in solar cell characterization which provides the information about charge transfer and chemical capacitance at two interfaces which are TiO2/electrolyte and pt/electrolyte in working conditions. | What is the value of Jsc? | 52689 |
{
"text": [
"Au"
],
"answer_start": [
219
]
} | 10.1039/C5NR04076K | 2(c) shows the color-enhanced cross-sectional SEM image of a BI-type CH3NH3PbI3/TiO2 NR hybrid solar cell with a multilayered device structure consisting of FTO/compact TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3–TiO2 NR hybrid layer/spiro-OMeTAD/Au.To gain more insights into the nanoscale morphology of the perovskite/TiO2 NR hybrid thin film, we employed electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) in the scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) mode (Fig. | What is FTO? | 22048 |
{
"text": [
"iodide/triiodide"
],
"answer_start": [
202
]
} | 10.1016/j.ica.2017.06.041 | Cell assembly was then completed by sandwiching the photo-anode and the cathode with a Meltonix® sealing gasket and vacuum cell filling (through the pre-drilled hole) with an electrolyte containing the iodide/triiodide redox couple.The relevant photovoltaic parameters of the cells are reported in In our studies, we used N719 as a reference dye to evaluate the performances provided by the L0/SQ2 and L1/SQ2 dye mixtures. | What is redox couple? | 33906 |
{
"text": [
"7.69%"
],
"answer_start": [
127
]
} | 10.1039/C8QM00337H | The BT-BTH based device achieves a maximum PCE as high as 9.32% under one sun illumination, which is higher than 8.36%, 8.32%, 7.69%, and 6.10% for PEDOT, PPy, PANi and HTM-free inorganic PSCs, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 18788 |
{
"text": [
"0.864 V"
],
"answer_start": [
114
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.05.089 | As for Cell-TiO2-S/P, the most efficient photovoltaic performance of 7.44% is achieved with 12.09 mA cm−2 in Jsc, 0.864 V in Voc and 71.29% in FF. | What is the value of Voc? | 48291 |
{
"text": [
"5.38%"
],
"answer_start": [
215
]
} | 10.1039/C3RA41180J | Compared with the one containing pure 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide (PMII), the hybrid solvent-free electrolyte system based on the EmimBOB/PMII combination notably increased the PCE of the DSCs from 3.48% to 5.38%. | What is the value of PCE? | 63660 |
{
"text": [
"72.40%"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.03.014 | As prepared 3D perovskite device has Voc of 1.01V, Jsc of 23.66mAcm−2, and FF of 72.40%, giving a PCE of 17.30% in reverse scan. | What is the value of FF? | 2872 |
{
"text": [
"19.31Ωcm2"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
} | 10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.10.035 | The Rct value of CM2 electrode is 7.06Ωcm2, which is significantly smaller than those of the other bio-based carbon CEs (23.33Ωcm2 of CM1, 19.31Ωcm2 of CM3-1, and 62.35Ωcm2 of CM3-2). | What is the value of Rct? | 43301 |
{
"text": [
"4.61%"
],
"answer_start": [
208
]
} | 10.1039/C8NJ00330K | Among these, the Device C electrolyte has the highest PCE of 5.23% (Jsc = 10.08 mA cm−2, Voc = 0.728 V, FF = 64%) compared to the Device A (PCE = 4.10%, Jsc = 8.09 mA cm−2, Voc = 0.712 V) and Device B (PCE = 4.61%, Jsc = 8.91 mA cm−2, Voc = 0.727 V) electrolytes. | What is the value of PCE? | 65315 |
{
"text": [
"19.40mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
65
]
} | 10.1016/j.mtchem.2016.12.003 | The forward scan exhibits open circuit voltage (VOC)=0.951V, JSC=19.40mAcm−2, and FF=0.51%, with η=9.59% efficiency. | What is the value of JSC? | 7967 |
{
"text": [
"8.69 ± 0.13%"
],
"answer_start": [
138
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA00968F | After optimizing the weight percentage of the ZIF-ZnSe-NC film (∼11 wt%), the DSSCs with the ZIF-ZnSe-NC-11 wt% CE exhibits the best η of 8.69 ± 0.13%, which is higher than that of the cell with a Pt CE (8.26 ± 0.02%), showing high potential to replace the expensive Pt. | What is the value of η? | 72195 |
{
"text": [
"0.25 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
} | 10.1016/j.ijleo.2019.164074 | About 10 μm thick TiO2 layer was coated on FTO with an active area of 0.25 cm2 by doctor-blade technique. | What is the value of active area? | 46287 |
{
"text": [
"1000 W/m2"
],
"answer_start": [
20
]
} | 10.1016/j.jcis.2013.11.013 | Light intensity was 1000 W/m2 calibrated with a Zipp & Konen CM-4 pyranometer, which is used constantly during measurements to set light intensity together with a calibrated Si solar cell from NREL. | What is the value of Light intensity? | 56790 |
{
"text": [
"18.77mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2018.09.016 | Thus, the highest PCE of 11.9% is obtained at 160°C with open-circuit voltage (VOC) = 0.96V, JSC=18.77mA/cm2, and FF=66.3%. | What is the value of JSC? | 5562 |
{
"text": [
"81.14%"
],
"answer_start": [
511
]
} | 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.08.004 | On the other hand, the photovoltaic properties when incorporating NH4F, NH4Cl and NH4Br were VOC: 0.98 V, JSC: 19.10 mA/cm2, FF: 80.42% and PCE: 15.15% under the reverse scan direction and VOC: 0.98 V, JSC: 19.13 mA/cm2, FF: 79.90% and PCE: 15.02% under the forward scan direction; VOC: 0.99 V, JSC: 21.01 mA/cm2, FF: 80.80% and PCE: 16.88% under the reverse scan direction and VOC: 0.99 V, JSC: 21.03 mA/cm2, FF: 80.31% and PCE: 16.78% under the forward scan direction; and VOC: 1.02 V, JSC: 20.33 mA/cm2, FF: 81.14% and PCE: 16.85% under the reverse scan direction and VOC: 1.02 V, JSC: 20.10 mA/cm2, FF: 80.51% and PCE: 16.53% under the forward scan direction, respectively.The improved device performance of the MAPbI3 PvSCs with NH4X (X = F, Cl, Br, I) incorporated into them additive can be attributed to the enhanced VOC, JSC and FF values. | What is the value of FF? | 11520 |
{
"text": [
"13.74%"
],
"answer_start": [
170
]
} | 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.08.004 | The reference device exhibited an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.94 V, a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 18.56 mA/cm2, a fill factor (FF) of 78.95%, and a PCE of 13.74% under the reverse scan direction, whereas under the forward scan direction, the values were as follows: VOC= 0.94 V, JSC= 18.46 mA/cm2, FF= 77.90% and PCE = 13.47%, with slight J-V curve hysteresis under both the forward and reverse scan directions. | What is the value of PCE? | 11494 |
{
"text": [
"CH3NH3PbI3"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2018.09.019 | However, SrO-incorporated devices still exhibit performance degradation, possibly due to the instability of the CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite material itself. | What is perovskite? | 4274 |
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
1005
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2017.01.035 | This is due to the planar structure of WS5, as shown in , caused by the introduction of the ethoxy phenyl ring, which inhibits the adsorption of the dye on the TiO2 surface.To study the effect of adding DCA to WS5 on photovoltaic properties of the DSSC, the ratio between incident photons and current conversion, external quantum efficiency (EQE) % or the IPCE of the prepared cells was measured in the range between 350 and 730nm wavelengths, as shown in IPCE of the cells showed that upon addition of the DCA, the IPCE enhanced significantly from 61% to 71% by using 0.1mM of the DCA, which can be attributed to the fact that a separated monomer of the dye molecule can better inject the electrons to the TiO2, upon photoexcitation, rather than the aggregated dye, which may be attributed to the increase of EQE % shows the overall photovoltaic performance, current-voltage (I-V curve), of the DSSCs prepared with and without using DCA with the organic dye, evaluated under AM 1.5 illumination (1 sun, 100mWcm−2). | What is the value of illumination? | 38854 |
{
"text": [
"1.13%"
],
"answer_start": [
127
]
} | 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.10.026 | However, when an even thicker ZnO nanoparticle film was used (i.e., 50μm), ISC and PCE decreased from 2.657 to 2.54mA and from 1.13% to 1.04%, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 34487 |
{
"text": [
"6.52%"
],
"answer_start": [
14
]
} | 10.1039/C4TA00550C | The best η of 6.52% was achieved for the Y-TNT-based DSSC with a charge capacity of 15 mC cm−2, whereas the cell with TNT shows an η of 5.35%. | What is the value of η? | 61409 |
{
"text": [
"7.6%"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} | 10.1039/C4EE01220H | Excellent PCEs 10.5% and 9.5% were achieved for 1 and 2, respectively, in comparison with 7.6% for devices without hole transporters. | What is the value of PCE? | 22555 |
{
"text": [
"0.2cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
18
]
} | 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2012.10.012 | 10μm, active area 0.2cm2) were gradually heated under air flow at 325°C for 5min, at 375°C for 5min, at 450°C for 15min, and 500°C for 15min. | What is the value of active area? | 43584 |
{
"text": [
"3.00%"
],
"answer_start": [
75
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2015.11.015 | Overall efficiency showed a decrease with the increase of branching (105η= 3.00%, 106η= 2.13%, 107η= 1.58%). | What is the value of η? | 53163 |
{
"text": [
"16.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
204
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2015.11.034 | By incorporating CuPc nanorods as hole-selective contact material, together with the printable low temperature processed carbon as cathode material, considerably high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.1% was successfully obtained, which is comparable to or even a little higher than the device with state-of-the-art doped spiro-OMeTAD as HTM and noble metal Au as back electrode. | What is the value of PCE? | 383 |
{
"text": [
"6.44%"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
} | 10.1039/C5RA02325D | The device with 30% content of carbon black showed a Voc of 871 mV, a Jsc of 14.34 mA cm−2, a FF of 0.52 and a PCE of 6.44%. | What is the value of PCE? | 15331 |
{
"text": [
"7.29%"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} | 10.1016/j.jechem.2018.10.001 | In terms of the shared anti-solvent CB, the achieved PCE of 7.29% in this work is similar to the previously reported results as well as the high VOC over 1.3V (c). | What is the value of PCE? | 1117 |
{
"text": [
"0.76 V"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
} | 10.1016/j.synthmet.2015.10.024 | This agrees well with the order of increasing Voc: WY2 (0.76 V) >WY1 (0.68 V) >WY3 (0.67 V).b), the low-frequency peak is indicative of the charge-transfer process of injected electrons in TiO2. | What is the value of Voc? | 39219 |
{
"text": [
"15.2%"
],
"answer_start": [
116
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA06987H | However, devices with doped HTM 43 achieved a PCE of 13.5%, which was lower than devices with doped HTM Sp01 (PCE = 15.2%). | What is the value of PCE? | 12976 |
{
"text": [
"1.24"
],
"answer_start": [
67
]
} | 10.1039/C1GC15864C | Both the non pre-heated and the pre-heated photoanodes gave ECE of 1.24 ± 0.03% and 1.26 ± 0.04%, respectively (Fig. | What is ECE? | 60545 |
{
"text": [
"4.87%"
],
"answer_start": [
170
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.01.015 | The overall cell efficiency of 7.63% was obtained with the CE of NiO-NF/MWCNT and is higher than that of the DSSC made with the CEs using Pt (PCE = 6.72%), MWCNTs (PCE = 4.87%) alone. | What is the value of PCE? | 39917 |
{
"text": [
"16.9%"
],
"answer_start": [
59
]
} | 10.1039/C9TC01741K | Consequently, PSCs based on the FM exhibited a high PCE of 16.9% (on average). | What is the value of PCE? | 14773 |
{
"text": [
"4.38±0.3%"
],
"answer_start": [
253
]
} | 10.1016/j.tet.2016.12.019 | The DSSC device with the utilization of the dye CPTAA-1 as a sensitizer exhibited an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 648±0.4mV, short circuit current density (JSC) of 10.03±0.2mAcm−2, fill factor (ff) of 0.66±0.002, and power conversion efficiency (η) of 4.38±0.3%, which is the highest one amongst the devices fabricated using the new metal free dyes as sensitizers. | What is the value of η? | 58195 |
{
"text": [
"17.42mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.09.055 | The short-circuit current density (JSC), open-circuit voltage (VOC) and fill factor (FF) reaches 17.42mAcm−2, 625mV and 68%, respectively. | What is the value of JSC? | 46957 |
{
"text": [
"75.35%"
],
"answer_start": [
178
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA00948A | As expected, the J–V characteristics of the champion device with the (GABA)0.1MA0.9PbI3 film achieved a high PCE of 18.31%, a Jsc of 22.09 mA cm−2, an Voc of 1.10 V, and a FF of 75.35% (Fig. | What is the value of FF? | 22790 |
{
"text": [
"44%"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} | 10.1016/j.jssc.2018.10.045 | FF, VOC, short circuit current density (JSC) and PCE are 44%, 0.76 V, 22.9 mA/cm2 and 7.6%, respectively as shown in . | What is the value of FF? | 11216 |
{
"text": [
"22.23mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
106
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2019.04.012 | When the concentration of DMF increases to 1.5%, the PCE of the device reduces to 17.14%, with the Jsc of 22.23mA/cm2, Voc of 1.06V and FF of 72.88%. | What is the value of Jsc? | 9889 |
{
"text": [
"Au"
],
"answer_start": [
366
]
} | 10.1016/j.physb.2017.08.079 | The test results of Cs3Bi2I9 films show a certain difference from that of MA3Bi2I9Finally, the material optoelectronic properties were tested by assembling a solar cell (utilizing a spin-coating procedure) with the following configuration: glass/fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)/ TiO2 compact layer/mesoscopic TiO2 layer/ perovskite/ hole-transporting material (HTM)/ Au layer. | What is FTO? | 8917 |
{
"text": [
"6.07%"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} | 10.1039/C3TA10628D | The DSC based on the composite CE of WO3/WO2 shows a PCE of 6.07%, and the DSC using W/W2C composite CE (although W is dominant) also shows a high PCE of 5.47%. | What is the value of PCE? | 66964 |
{
"text": [
"8.46%"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
} | 10.1016/j.cej.2017.01.107 | As is shown in , the HNF-TiO2 nanopowders based DSSC shows Jsc of 21.94 mA cm−2 and Voc of 0.72 V with the PCE (η) of 8.46%, however, untreated TiO2 samples based DSSC gives Jsc of 15.63 mA cm−2 and Voc of 0.73 V with η of 6.15%, leading to 40% and 38% enhancement of Jsc and η. | What is the value of η? | 28484 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
74
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.01.050 | This addresses the simple fact that the way the Au NPs are bound into the TiO2 layer changes the way the plasmonic effect of these nanoparticles is reflected on the overall photovoltaic cell performance, thereby opening new door towards the improvement of DSSCs operation.Supplementary data to this article can be found online at | What is ? | 42738 |
{
"text": [
"0.81%"
],
"answer_start": [
87
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2019.01.022 | As references, pure Ni, Se and Co CEs are also made for DSSCs, thereby yielding PCE of 0.81%, 2.97%, and 3.77%, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 45947 |
{
"text": [
"100 mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
309
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.06.148 | The UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra were investigated by UV-visible light diffused reflectance spectrometer (Lambda 950).Photocurrent-voltage (I–V) measurements were performed on a Newport oriel solar simulator (model 94023A-450w) and Keithley 2420 source meter (USA) under simulated solar light (AM 1.5G, 100 mWcm−2) which was calibrated with a standard silicon solar cell equipped with a filter. | What is the value of solar? | 41532 |
{
"text": [
"22.91mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2018.08.039 | The best device exhibited a Voc, a Jsc, and an FF of 1.08V, 22.91mA/cm2, and 0.72, respectively, resulting in a high PCE value of 17.81%. | What is the value of Jsc? | 11255 |
{
"text": [
"17.69%"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2019.10.018 | The shunt losses, including the leakage current and the non-geminated recombination, were minimized to reach a PCE of 17.69% at the optimum thickness of c-TiO2 layer (~57.1±4.03nm) for MPSCs under one-sun illumination condition.The materials and chemicals used in the PSC fabrication were purchased from commercial sources as: lead (II) iodide (PbI2, 99.999%), dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), titanium diisopropoxide bis(acetylacetonate), anhydrous ethanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, 1-butanol, toluene, chlorobenzene, acetonitrile, 4-tert-butylpyridine (TBP), and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-imide lithium salt (Li-TFSI) from Sigma-Aldrich. | What is the value of PCE? | 295 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
128
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA06548H | The electronic distribution in the frontier MO of the dyes shows that the LUMO of SK3 dye has a better orbital overlap with the TiO2 conduction band than that of SK2 dye. | What is ? | 65125 |
{
"text": [
"MAPbI3"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
} | 10.1039/C4TA07036D | While the PSCs fabricated from fully-reacted SSCA MAPbI3 perovskite thin films delivered a maximum PCE close to 15%, PSCs with partially-reacted thin films delivered a PCE approaching 10%, highlighting the robustness of the SSCA method. | What is perovskite? | 16966 |
{
"text": [
"(FAPbI3)0.85"
],
"answer_start": [
94
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.07.014 | All the pristine perovskite and PLMF/perovskite films exhibit typical characteristic peaks of (FAPbI3)0.85 (MAPbBr3)0.15 mixed perovskite crystal (β-phase) including three strong diffraction peaks at about 14.2°, 28.4° and 31.9°, which can be validly indexed as (110), (220) and (310) crystal face, respectively []. | What is perovskite? | 2234 |
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
215
]
} | 10.1039/C2RA22043A | When utilized in QDSSCs, the large surface area of HMS could offer more arching sites for the narrow band gap Q-dots, and the interconnected TiO2matrix could effectively transport the injected photoelectrons to the FTO substrate. | What is substrate? | 60174 |
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
} | 10.1016/j.matlet.2018.03.161 | The structures of the fabricated solar cells are of the form FTO/compact-TiO2/ porous-TiO2/perovskite/NiS/Cr/Pt-coated FTO counter electrode and FTO/compact-TiO2/porous-TiO2/perovskite/NiS-carbon composite. | What is ? | 914 |
{
"text": [
"54%"
],
"answer_start": [
203
]
} | 10.1016/j.saa.2017.01.061 | For the most efficient dye, D3, an overall conversion efficiency of 3.53% is obtained with an open circuit voltage of 569 mV, a short circuit photocurrent density of 11.50 mA cm− 2, and a fill factor of 54%. | What is the value of ff? | 32501 |
{
"text": [
"11.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
294
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA06987H | However, pristine HTM 26 suffers from a low conductivity of 3.5 × 10−7 S cm−1, but it has a relatively high mobility greater than 1 cm2 V−1 s−1 as reported.The devices based on pristine HTM 26 yielded a high photocurrent of 20.9 mA cm−2, a VOC of 0.92 V, and an FF of 61.0%, achieving a PCE of 11.8%. | What is the value of PCE? | 13029 |
{
"text": [
"MWCNTs"
],
"answer_start": [
44
]
} | 10.1039/C2TA01003H | Furthermore, the low weight ratio of the Pt–MWCNTs composite corresponds to the objective of low-cost and this design strategy would be very promising to pave the way to the large-scale commercialization of DSCs.This work was financially supported by Scientific Research Foundation of East China University of Science and Technology (YD0142125), Pujiang Talents Programme and Major Basic Research Programme of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (09PJ1402800, 10JC1403200), Shuguang Talents Programme of Education Commission of Shanghai Municipality (09SG27), National Natural Science Foundation of China (20973059, 91022023, 21076076), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WJ0913001), Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning and Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-09-0347). | What is CE? | 62055 |
{
"text": [
"16.31%"
],
"answer_start": [
483
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA07876A | Upon modifying the TiO2 compact layer, which is commonly used as an electron transport layer (ETL) in regular-structure (n–i–p) planar heterojunction (PHJ) PSCs, by successively incorporating [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) and an ethanolamine (ETA)-functionalized fullerene (C60-ETA) synthesized facilely via a one-pot nucleophilic addition reaction, the average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the CH3NH3PbI3-based PHJ-PSC devices increased from 13.00% to 16.31%; the best PCE attained was 18.49%, which, to our knowledge, represents the highest PCE reported to date for regular-structure PHJ-PSCs devices based on fullerene-modified TiO2 interlayers. | What is the value of PCE? | 15226 |
{
"text": [
"19.44mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
} | 10.1016/j.cap.2018.05.022 | In such a device, a champion efficiency as high as 15.90% and the highest Jsc of 19.44mA/cm2 are obtained. | What is the value of Jsc? | 647 |
{
"text": [
"Ag"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
} | 10.1039/C7TA00269F | recently reported near-Infrared LEDs based on an ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MASn(Br1−xIx)3/poly(9,9′-dioctylfluorene)(F8)/Ca/Ag architecture. | What is ITO? | 17130 |
{
"text": [
"21"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.10.085 | The aligned ZnO NTs based DSSC achieves a maximum IPCE value of ∼31.5% at ∼520 nm whereas, the considerably low IPCE (∼21%) is obtained with non-aligned ZnO NTs photoanode based DSSC. | What is IPCE? | 51783 |
{
"text": [
"ITO"
],
"answer_start": [
17
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2015.06.046 | Moreover, if the ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perovskite/PCBM stack is exposed to air before Al evaporation for the device with only PCBM as ETL, improvement in device performance is also observed (). | What is ? | 5197 |
{
"text": [
"I−/I3−"
],
"answer_start": [
534
]
} | 10.1039/C1EE02766B | However, the photocurrent and photovoltaic performance of the DSSC based on TiO2 HNW increase 52% (from 5.29 to 8.03 mAcm−2) and 45% (from 3.12 to 4.51%), respectively, which can be attributed to a larger surface area to adsorb more dye molecules and superior light scattering property of the TiO2 HNW photoelectrode.Furthermore, fully flexible DSSCs based on highly ordered hierarchical anatase TiO2nanowire arrays/Ti foil as photoanode, electrodeposited PEDOT on transparent ITO-PET as counter electrode, N719 as light absorber and I−/I3− as redox couple shows an efficient photovoltaic performance of 4.32% accompanied by a Jsc of 7.91 mA cm−2, Voc of 796 mV and FF of 0.69. | What is redox couple? | 73617 |
{
"text": [
"270s"
],
"answer_start": [
35
]
} | 10.1016/j.energy.2015.05.133 | When wet etching time is less than 270s, both η and pattern depth increase almost linearly with etching time. | What is the value of time? | 35262 |
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
155
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.01.041 | The Current-Voltage curves (I-V) were conducted on a Keithley 2400 (USA) source meter with a 94063A solar simulator (Newport, USA) under one sun (AM 1.5G, 100mWcm−2) illumination. | What is the value of solar? | 2072 |
{
"text": [
"titanium dioxide"
],
"answer_start": [
22
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.04.083 | Facile preparation of titanium dioxide nano-capsule arrays used as photo-anode for dye sensitized solar cellsTo improve titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotube arrays’ performance on dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), TiO2 nano-capsule arrays (TNCP) have been designed and prepared by planting TiO2 nanoparticles into TiO2 nanotube (TNT) using a facile liquid phase deposition (LPD) route which does not require any special equipment and both improve the specific surface area and surface energy of TNT at low temperature. | What is anode? | 42210 |
{
"text": [
"CoMoSx"
],
"answer_start": [
37
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.02.008 | Based on these merits, the DSSC with CoMoSx@Ni-CoMoSx as CE catalyst exhibited the highest PCE of 9.30%, which was much superior than that of Pt (8.01%). | What is CE? | 55002 |
{
"text": [
"0.89 V"
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
} | 10.1016/j.solmat.2015.01.023 | The solar cells stored in dry air also exhibited the highest open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.89 V, the highest photocurrent density (Jsc) of 18.4 mA/cm2, and the largest fill factor (FF) of 68.9%. | What is the value of Voc? | 6372 |
{
"text": [
"16.84%"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA10975C | The PCBM-coated PVKSC exhibited a PCE of 16.84%, with a VOC of 1033 mV, a JSC of 20.86 mA cm−2 and a FF of 78%. | What is the value of PCE? | 18007 |
{
"text": [
"0.979 V"
],
"answer_start": [
129
]
} | 10.1039/C6CP06405A | These results are in accordance with the fact that the VOC of the porous PSCs (1.020 V) was higher than that of the planar PSCs (0.979 V). | What is the value of VOC? | 22936 |
{
"text": [
"0.16 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
262
]
} | 10.1016/j.sse.2013.07.011 | By open circuit voltage decay (OCVD) analysis, we tried to reveal the recombination kinetics in Ag-coated electrode in comparison with conventional TiO2 electrode, and to find out the role of silver in the efficiency improvement The DSSCs with an active area of 0.16 cm2 were assembled as follows. | What is the value of active area? | 27626 |
{
"text": [
"3.86%"
],
"answer_start": [
193
]
} | 10.1039/C2EE22108J | For WS-2, 2 mM CDCA increases the photovoltaic performance significantly: Jsc augments from 8.46 to 17.50 mA cm−2, Voc from 601 to 657 mV, and the power conversion efficiency (η) improved from 3.86% to 8.56%. | What is the value of η? | 73736 |
{
"text": [
"4.0 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
156
]
} | 10.1039/C2JM16896K | Overall, under standard global AM 1.5 solar conditions, the cell based on the N, B–TiO2-2 electrode shows a higher overall efficiency of 6.2% (active area: 4.0 cm2) with a higher open-circuit voltage of 0.733 V and an increased Jsc value (up to 14.0 mA cm−2), which leads to the superior energy-conversion efficiency of the N, B codoped DSC, which is about 10.7% higher than that of the undoped DSC. | What is the value of active area? | 74800 |
{
"text": [
"44.21Ω"
],
"answer_start": [
123
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.06.032 | A smaller Rct2 value of 35.39Ω is found for the D–ZnO–based DSSC, compared to that of the cell with CZnO–based photoanode (44.21Ω). | What is the value of Rct2? | 32815 |
{
"text": [
"16.2"
],
"answer_start": [
19
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA09661H | showed a PCE up to 16.2% of the PSC device with a cell area of 1.02 cm2. | What is ? | 16891 |
{
"text": [
"16.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
} | 10.1039/C6EE02650H | Noticeably, the PCE of the best-performing Gr-Mo/PEN device was obtained to be 16.8% with little hysteresis under an air mass of 1.5 global (AM 1.5G) upon one sun illumination at 100 mW cm−2, which is, to the best of our knowledge, the highest PCE among TCO-free flexible solar cells (see Table S1, ESI). | What is the value of PCE? | 21793 |
{
"text": [
"17.09%"
],
"answer_start": [
200
]
} | 10.1016/j.spmi.2018.03.051 | When the Y/Ti molar ratios in the hydrothermal grown solutions increased from 3% to 5%, the Jsc, Voc, FF and PCE decreased from 22.50mAcm−2, 1.06V, 76.16% and 18.11% to 22.32mAcm−2, 1.05V, 73.40% and 17.09%. | What is the value of PCE? | 1576 |
{
"text": [
"7.84%"
],
"answer_start": [
99
]
} | 10.1039/C4TA00011K | Thus, the coral-like 200-Ni@NiS shows the best photovoltaic performance for its DSSC, with an η of 7.84%, while the cell with platinum on its counter electrode shows an η of 8.11%.We also have performed at-rest a long-term test for the DSSC with 200-Ni@NiS as the counter electrode material. | What is the value of η? | 73130 |
{
"text": [
"7.33%"
],
"answer_start": [
125
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2017.08.010 | The 0.4 mol% Mn:TiO2 photoanode based DSSC has a Voc of 0.69 V, a Jsc of 16.89 mA/cm2, and a FF of 0.63, leading to a PCE of 7.33%. | What is the value of PCE? | 32842 |
{
"text": [
"740mV"
],
"answer_start": [
135
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2014.12.006 | Thus, the solar cell device based on the sensitizer 4b yielded a higher overall conversion efficiency up to 5.26% (JSC=9.68mAcm−2, VOC=740mV, and FF=73.48%) under 100mWcm−2 simulated AM 1.5 G solar irradiation. | What is the value of VOC? | 33099 |
{
"text": [
"5.19%"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.06.058 | However, when further increasing the SUC amount to 13%, Jsc and PCE dropped to 13.91mAcm−2 and 5.19%, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 41729 |
{
"text": [
"60 s"
],
"answer_start": [
149
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA08262E | Compared to pure PbI2, CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite has a two to three fold higher dielectric constant, and it increases with longer MAI loading time up to 60 s. | What is the value of time? | 23132 |
{
"text": [
"0.851V"
],
"answer_start": [
144
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.07.097 | When ZnO is coated on the TiO2 nanotube arrays for 15min, the conversion efficiency of the DSSCs is 2.632%, with a Jsc of 4.652mAcm−2, a Voc of 0.851V and an FF of 0.665. | What is the value of Voc? | 59505 |
{
"text": [
"100 mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
125
]
} | 10.1016/j.joule.2018.06.012 | Notably here, for acceleration of the oxidation process the Spiro-OMeTAD/BMPyTFSI solution was activated under illumination (100 mW/cm2) at ambient atmosphere for up to 30min.B depicts the UV-vis absorption spectra of Spiro-OMeTAD in chlorobenzene at different illumination times with 7.8 mol% BMPyTFSI as a dopant. | What is the value of illumination? | 10283 |
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