answers
dict | title
stringlengths 16
40
| context
stringlengths 13
1.96k
| question
stringclasses 124
values | id
stringlengths 1
5
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"text": [
"16.97%"
],
"answer_start": [
8
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.01.121 | PCEs of 16.97% and 15.28% are achieved with pristine TCP-OH and TCP-OC8 film as HTMs, respectively, even though their hole mobilities are as low as 10−6cm2V−1s−1. | What is the value of PCE? | 3183 |
{
"text": [
"7.63 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
93
]
} | 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2011.01.003 | The Dye 5 gave the best performance, the conversion efficiency (η) arrives at 2.38% with Jsc 7.63 mA/cm2, Voc 0.613 V, ff 51.0%, which reaches 35% with respect to Z907-based device fabricated under the similar conditions. | What is the value of Jsc? | 47191 |
{
"text": [
"710 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
} | 10.1039/C2JM16896K | The maximal Voc value is found to be 741 mV, which is an increase of almost 5% compared with the minimum Voc of 710 mV. | What is the value of Voc? | 74797 |
{
"text": [
"8.58%"
],
"answer_start": [
39
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2016.08.040 | A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.58% for the Co0.85Se CE-based solar cell was obtained, which is comparable to that of cells using Pt CEs (8.57%); 7.09% PCE was obtained for the Ni0.85Se-based CE. | What is the value of PCE? | 57364 |
{
"text": [
"4.9%"
],
"answer_start": [
138
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.12.039 | deposited ZTO using a pulsed laser deposition method In this work, DSCs using ZTO sensitized with D149 is shown to lead to a PCE of about 4.9%, higher than that of ZTO sensitized with N719 (4%). | What is the value of PCE? | 39094 |
{
"text": [
"5.75%"
],
"answer_start": [
129
]
} | 10.1016/j.mssp.2018.04.036 | The efficiency (η) of the DSSCs increases as ZX-0 < ZE-S < ZX-1 < CE-S < Ref-1 < CE-D with values of 0.46%, 0.94%, 1.54%, 4.25%, 5.75% and 7.07% respectively. | What is the value of η? | 28937 |
{
"text": [
"16.51mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
136
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.09.146 | Especially, for the density of short-circuit current (Jsc), the DSSC based on bilayer structured photoanode exhibits the highest Jsc of 16.51mAcm−2, this is probably because of its strongest light absorption capacity as verified in (b). | What is the value of Jsc? | 41289 |
{
"text": [
"0.96 ± 0.03 V"
],
"answer_start": [
213
]
} | 10.1039/C6CP05006A | The pristine 1:1:0 based devices give an average PCE of 7.21 ± 0.61%, whereas 1:1:0.1 HONH3Cl-induced PHJ-PSCs yield a much higher average PCE of 10.61 ± 0.51%, with an average Jsc of 17.89 ± 0.53 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.96 ± 0.03 V and FF of 0.62 ± 0.01. | What is the value of Voc? | 21997 |
{
"text": [
"Spiro-PT-OMeTAD"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2018.11.015 | Spiro-PT-OMeTAD exhibited a better quenching than spiro-OMeTAD due to its well-matched energy levels and a more efficient hole transfer between the perovskite and the phenanthrenone-based HTMs. | What is HTM? | 11062 |
{
"text": [
"68.42%"
],
"answer_start": [
159
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2018.03.054 | Impressively, the device sintered for 1h exhibits the champion PCE of 14.82% in the reverse scan, with the highest Voc of 1.02V, Jsc of 21.63mAcm−2, and FF of 68.42%. | What is the value of FF? | 5218 |
{
"text": [
"17.74%"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA08783C | By fabricating the planar PSC based on APTES SAM modified SnO2 ESLs with 3% Pb(SCN)2 additive, we have achieved a high PCE of 18.32% (17.74%) when measured under reverse (forward) voltage scan and a steady-state efficiency of 17.54% (Fig. | What is the value of PCE? | 17213 |
{
"text": [
"11.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
58
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.04.042 | When tmp = 0 nm, the PCE of the device is relatively low (11.8%). | What is the value of PCE? | 7380 |
{
"text": [
"9.08%"
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.10.080 | An η of 1.91% is determined on the DSSC with pristine Ni CE, and this value is enhanced to 9.08%, 7.74%, and 6.86% by replacing partial Ni with Pt, Ru, and Pd, respectively. | What is the value of η? | 39961 |
{
"text": [
"15.15%"
],
"answer_start": [
163
]
} | 10.1016/j.optmat.2019.04.014 | Although the rGO nanosheets destroyed the cell parameters, the P3HT-grafted rGO species led to the best results, i.e., Jsc=22.15 mA/cm2, FF=72%, Voc=0.95V and PCE=15.15%, originating from more intensified crystalline peaks, higher absorbance, larger grain sizes and lower charge-transfer resistance. | What is the value of PCE? | 10071 |
{
"text": [
"1.08V"
],
"answer_start": [
161
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2019.105396 | The device with MAPbI3 based on 1.2:0.3 exhibits relatively higher PCE of 18.38%, with short-circuit current (Jsc) of 22.51mAcm−2, open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.08V and fill factor (FF) of 75%. | What is the value of Voc? | 3905 |
{
"text": [
"0.1 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
173
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.04.083 | The as prepared films were annealed at 450 °C for 2 h in atmosphere to transfer TiO2 nanoparticles from amorphous to anatase.Back side-illuminated DSSCs with active area of 0.1 cm2 were fabricated by immersing the obtained films in 0.58 mM N719 dye in acetonitrile for 24 h at room temperature The specimens’ morphologies were observed using field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM, Hitachi S4800) and transmission electron microscope (TEM, JEM-2000EX). | What is the value of active area? | 42212 |
{
"text": [
"0.97 V"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA11238B | There is a 0.1 V gap between Voc of the PVSCs based on HB-Cz (0.97 V) and P3HT (0.87 V). | What is the value of Voc? | 20927 |
{
"text": [
"0.04%"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.01.077 | For the D35/O-PEDOT device, as expected, a poor energy conversion efficiency (η= 0.04%) was obtained with a corresponding low short circuit current density Jsc of 0.27 mAcm−2. | What is the value of η? | 32409 |
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
51
]
} | 10.1039/B706896D | It was then applied on a fluorine-doped-tin-oxide (FTO) substrate and sintered for 30 min at 500 °C. | What is substrate? | 67518 |
{
"text": [
"42%"
],
"answer_start": [
100
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.04.039 | Moreover, it is interesting that the G towards I−/I3− redox pairs has a smaller fill factor (FF) of 42% and a poor PCE of 3.29%, though the Jsc and Voc values with G as CE are relatively high, implying a relatively poor electrocatalytic activity. | What is the value of FF? | 46029 |
{
"text": [
"16.31%"
],
"answer_start": [
51
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.01.236 | When 5%Y-NiO was used as a HTL, the highest PCE of 16.31% was achieved, with a 27.62% increase in PCE compared with the control device based on a NiO HTL. | What is the value of PCE? | 3561 |
{
"text": [
"5.44%"
],
"answer_start": [
132
]
} | 10.1039/C4EE01983K | In the 2nd generation, the Jsc is increased to 12.8 mA cm−2, FF to 0.50 and Voc to 0.85 V, yielding an impressively enhanced PCE of 5.44%. | What is the value of PCE? | 14737 |
{
"text": [
"640mV"
],
"answer_start": [
39
]
} | 10.1016/j.carbon.2016.04.012 | For the ruthenium dye based cells, Voc=640mV was obtained, ∼98% of that for the platinum based cells (650mV). | What is the value of Voc? | 57462 |
{
"text": [
"12.89%"
],
"answer_start": [
123
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA08503J | WY-2 (42) and WY-3 (43)-based PSCs exhibited lower photovoltaic performance compared to WY-1 (41) with a PCE of 13.60% and 12.89%, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 14534 |
{
"text": [
"0.655V"
],
"answer_start": [
72
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2013.07.013 | Photovoltaic parameters for MC219-sensitized solar cell are 9.58mAcm−2, 0.655V and 0.733 as photocurrent density (Jsc) open circuit potential (Voc) and fill factor (ff) respectively, yielding power conversion efficiency (η) of 4.6% which is 63.8% of the N719 sensitized cell (η=7.20%) under the same cell fabrication and measuring conditions. | What is the value of Voc? | 45817 |
{
"text": [
"ITO"
],
"answer_start": [
122
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2019.01.040 | Utilizing these polymers as single and solution processed ETL, perovskite solar cells with an p-i-n type configuration of ITO/NiOx/MAPbCl0.2I2.8/ETL/Ag have been successfully fabricated. | What is ? | 4765 |
{
"text": [
"2.47%"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
} | 10.1039/C4RA04782F | The overall conversion efficiencies (η) of the DSSCs based on L0, WD9 and WD11 are 2.47%, 3.78% and 4.09%, respectively. | What is the value of η? | 68130 |
{
"text": [
"0.71 V"
],
"answer_start": [
105
]
} | 10.1039/C2RA20320K | On the other hand, the Voc of the oligosiloxane gel DSSC was significantly increased compared with that (0.71 V) of the liquid DSSCs. | What is the value of Voc? | 74552 |
{
"text": [
"0.738 V"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
} | 10.1039/C4RA06101B | And the corresponding short current density (Jsc) and open circuit voltage (Voc) were 6.8 mA cm−2 and 0.738 V, respectively. | What is the value of Voc? | 75010 |
{
"text": [
"133"
],
"answer_start": [
123
]
} | 10.1039/C8CS00029H | The most efficient liquid-junction cell with the TiO2/RGO/CZTS photoanode, I−/I3− shuttle and a Pt CE exhibited a PCE of 0.133%, which is around 30% higher than for a similar photoanode with the MPA linker.The arrays of ZnS- and ZnSe-decorated zinc oxide NRs were sensitized by CZTS NCs and introduced as photoanodes in the liquid-junction cells with a CuxS CE and polysulfide electrolyte exhibiting a PCE of 0.85% and 2.2% for the ZnO/ZnS and ZnO/ZnSe scaffolds, respectively.Copper bismuth sulfide NCs were applied as a spectral sensitizer for the titania photoelectrodes. | What is CE? | 65823 |
{
"text": [
"8.20%"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} | 10.1039/C6RA06220B | The efficiency of CPhT2PA dye reached >95% of the efficiency of devices made with the standard N719 complex (η = 8.20%, JSC = 16.81 mA cm−2, VOC = 0.73 V, FF = 0.69), under the same conditions. | What is the value of η? | 68961 |
{
"text": [
"17.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
171
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA06987H | The best device efficiency of 17.7% was achieved by applying HTM 16 with added Li-TFSI, TBP, and FK209, which performed better than devices based on doped HTM Sp01 (PCE = 17.1%). | What is the value of PCE? | 13059 |
{
"text": [
"7.52%"
],
"answer_start": [
176
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.09.009 | The flexible BHJ IOSCs with PEDOT:PSS exhibited a maximum PCE of 6.82% with Jsc of = 17.08 mA cm−2, Voc of = 0.78 V, and FF of = 51.50%, compared to a slightly superior PCE of 7.52% with Jsc of = 17.32 mA cm−2, Voc of = 0.79 V, and FF of = 56.70% for the flexible BHJ IOSCs based on CzPAF-TPA. | What is the value of PCE? | 7686 |
{
"text": [
"3.4%"
],
"answer_start": [
131
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2017.09.062 | From a simple comparison, we see that the I-Cl/PHJ shows the lower Voc of 0.58V, Jsc of 11.6mAcm−2, FF of 50%, leading to a PCE of 3.4%, which is a much lower efficiency than that found for the neat triiodide (I-I/PHJ). | What is the value of PCE? | 2468 |
{
"text": [
"1.02 ± 0.03 V"
],
"answer_start": [
356
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.10.006 | The performance of these MAPbI3 devices is compared and listed in When the MAPbI3 absorber layer was post treated with GUTS/IPA with concentration up to 4 mg/mL, the average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the solar cells increases by nearly 20%, from 12.7 ± 1.8% to 15.2 ± 0.9%, mainly due to the increase of open-circuit voltage (Voc), from average 1.02 ± 0.03 V to average 1.06 ± 0.0.02 V, and fill-factor (FF), from 60 ± 5% to 68 ± 3% (). | What is the value of Voc? | 5744 |
{
"text": [
"0.93V"
],
"answer_start": [
122
]
} | 10.1016/j.optmat.2019.04.014 | In first step, via insertion of rGO nanosheets, all device characteristics plummeted, i.e., Jsc=13.65 mA/cm2, FF=63%, Voc=0.93V and PCE=8.00%. | What is the value of Voc? | 10049 |
{
"text": [
"0.696V"
],
"answer_start": [
221
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.06.044 | For instance, at 0.075wt % GNR content, there is a drastic reduction in the functional parameters with respect to DSSCs based on bare TiO2 photoanodes: Jsc decreases from 13.13 to 10.50mA/cm2, Voc decreases from 0.705 to 0.696V and FF increases from 65 to 68% (see This trend of variation of functional parameters with the GNR content in the TiO2 mesoporous film is consistent with the structural and optical properties of the TiO2-GNR hybrid and bare TiO2 photoanodes, as discussed above.Transient photovoltage decay (TPD) measurements were performed to understand the effect of different GNR content on the carrier dynamics of the device. | What is the value of Voc? | 50530 |
{
"text": [
"0.99V"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2018.04.044 | From , the reference device exhibits a VOC of 0.99V, JSC of 20.34mAcm−2 and FF of 73.5%, resulting in a total PCE of 14.81%. | What is the value of VOC? | 1195 |
{
"text": [
"1.32%"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
} | 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2015.06.023 | The η value was also increased to 1.32% from 0.87% and raised by 51.7%. | What is the value of η? | 38530 |
{
"text": [
"7.59%"
],
"answer_start": [
188
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2014.09.014 | These results indicate that FF values could be affected by the shape of photosensitizer.D1, SH-11, SH-12, SH-13, SH-14, and N719 dyes' η values were 5.51%, 5.57%, 3.85%, 5.29%, 6.01%, and 7.59%, respectively, under AM 1.5G irradiation (100mWcm−2) (). | What is the value of η? | 56427 |
{
"text": [
"Pt"
],
"answer_start": [
145
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.01.148 | The preparation methods demonstrated in this study could extend to other candidate materials and would pave the way for practical application of Pt-free CE in DSSCs.Supplementary data associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at | What is CE? | 56952 |
{
"text": [
"15 s"
],
"answer_start": [
92
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA06870C | Specifically, when the film with a flower-like morphology, as spin-coated for a short time (15 s) from DMSO solution, is used as the active layer, the device exhibits a much higher PCE (13.85%) than the device (PCE = 0.22%) fabricated by spin-coating of DMSO solution for a long time (90 s). | What is the value of time? | 17386 |
{
"text": [
"990mV"
],
"answer_start": [
143
]
} | 10.1016/j.joule.2018.06.012 | A significant improvement in photovoltaic parameters, from VOC= 940mV, JSC= 17.62 mA/cm2, and FF= 27.27% (for pristine Spiro-OMeTAD device) to 990mV, 21.69 mA/cm2, and 58.68% (5.3 mol% BMPyTFSI), respectively, was observed. | What is the value of VOC? | 10275 |
{
"text": [
"0.94"
],
"answer_start": [
82
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.09.057 | Compared to devices without Cs2CO3 or Cs2CO3-MoO3 devices, the enhanced Voc (from 0.94V to 1.01V) is ascribed as the main factor for the improved cell efficiency. | What is ? | 6309 |
{
"text": [
"0.80 ± 0.02 V"
],
"answer_start": [
202
]
} | 10.1039/C5RA10858F | For the DSSC not including a monolayer of Ag NPs, the short-circuit current density (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (ff), and overall conversion efficiency (η) were 16.23 ± 0.42 mA cm−2, 0.80 ± 0.02 V, 0.69 ± 0.01, and 8.9 ± 0.3%, respectively. | What is the value of Voc? | 64493 |
{
"text": [
"17s"
],
"answer_start": [
142
]
} | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.151723 | The peak wavelength (FWHM) in the PL spectra decreases from 782nm (48.8nm) to 775nm (47.8nm) with a decrease in the dropping time from 19s to 17s, which indicates that the defects in the MAPbI3 thin films can be significantly reduced when the WEN process is effectively used to balance the nucleation and crystal growth. | What is the value of time? | 10989 |
{
"text": [
"15.20mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
260
]
} | 10.1016/j.solmat.2019.110052 | The EQE curves of the control and F4-TCNQ-treated PSCs are presented in c, the integrated Jsc of devices without and with F4-TCNQ treatment is 14.67 and 15.13mA/cm2, respectively, which is matched well with the Jsc detected from the J-V measurement (14.78 and 15.20mA/cm2 as shown in ). | What is the value of Jsc? | 8545 |
{
"text": [
"2.65 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
175
]
} | 10.1016/j.tsf.2011.04.008 | All cells possessed the similar Voc between 0.65 and 0.70 V; however, the Jsc values varied significantly from 6.19 mA/cm2 for the cell based on the branched nanorod array to 2.65 mA/cm2 for the cell based on the primary nanorod array. | What is the value of Jsc? | 34202 |
{
"text": [
"17.56%"
],
"answer_start": [
104
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2018.10.025 | The devices prepared with PEDOT:PSS additives shown a clear improved PCE reaching a maximum performance 17.56% (at 1.5 v% PEDOT:PSS doping) over the 14.58% champion device efficiency obtained without the use of PEDOT:PSS dopants.Also, we noted that the improved Voc from 0.96 to 0.99V and Jsc from 20.65 to 22.4mA/cm2 as shown in the . | What is the value of PCE? | 3131 |
{
"text": [
"6.25%"
],
"answer_start": [
120
]
} | 10.1039/C7SE00586E | The addition of 1 equivalent of Cs2CO3 led to a striking 26% increase in cell efficiency (from η = 1.72 to 2.17% versus 6.25% for N719, Table S3) relative to a cell in which H41 is untreated with a base. | What is the value of η? | 70554 |
{
"text": [
"0.93 V"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
} | 10.1039/C8TC00768C | When the Cu/Cu2O film thickness was reduced to 12 nm, the bifacial-illuminated device exhibited a PCE of 14.1% with a Jsc of 22.57 mA cm−2, a Voc of 0.95 V, and an FF of 66% when illuminated from the FTO side; however, a PCE of 9.37% with a Jsc of 14.94 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.93 V, and an FF of 67% was obtained when the device was illuminated from the Cu/Cu2O side. | What is the value of Voc? | 19340 |
{
"text": [
"0 s"
],
"answer_start": [
150
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA05053K | We note that the average grain size of the perovskite crystal has gradually increased from 271 nm to 527 nm with increasing the MAI loading time from 0 s to 180 s. | What is the value of time? | 13924 |
{
"text": [
"1000 W/m2"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
} | 10.1016/j.ica.2017.06.041 | The measurement was carried out at a light intensity of 1000 W/m2, which was calibrated using a Si-reference cell. | What is the value of light intensity of? | 33907 |
{
"text": [
"0.21%"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
} | 10.1039/C7SE00586E | However, as further equivalents of nBu4NOH were added, the cell efficiency significantly decreased until a final value of η = 0.21% was obtained (Table 1). | What is the value of η? | 70551 |
{
"text": [
"∼50"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
} | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.152856 | The dye-adsorbed BSO photoanode and platinized FTO photocathode were assembled into a sandwich-type DSSC with a hot-melt spacer film (∼50μm, Surlyn) between them avoiding short-circuit between electrodes. | What is photoanode? | 52579 |
{
"text": [
"22.4mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
307
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2018.10.025 | The devices prepared with PEDOT:PSS additives shown a clear improved PCE reaching a maximum performance 17.56% (at 1.5 v% PEDOT:PSS doping) over the 14.58% champion device efficiency obtained without the use of PEDOT:PSS dopants.Also, we noted that the improved Voc from 0.96 to 0.99V and Jsc from 20.65 to 22.4mA/cm2 as shown in the . | What is the value of Jsc? | 3125 |
{
"text": [
"1 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
63
]
} | 10.1016/j.rser.2018.01.005 | The active area or aperture area of the device was kept around 1 cm2 and the tandem device was held for half an hour under a constant light illumination revealing no changes in its performance. | What is the value of active area? | 7196 |
{
"text": [
"(FAPbI3)0.85(MAPbBr3)0.15"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA10170A | A moderate substrate temperature (below 40 °C in this work) improves the crystalline quality of the mixed ion (FAPbI3)0.85(MAPbBr3)0.15 perovskite layer, as evidenced by a longer carrier lifetime and a lower defect density shown in TRPL and PL measurements. | What is perovskite? | 14851 |
{
"text": [
"Ni0.85Se"
],
"answer_start": [
28
]
} | 10.1039/C6CS00752J | The DSSCs with Co0.85Se and Ni0.85Se CEs produced PCE of 9.40% and 8.32%, respectively, while the device with Pt CE achieved a PCE of 8.64%. | What is CE? | 66555 |
{
"text": [
"59.37Ωcm2"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
} | 10.1016/j.mtener.2018.02.004 | The same as Rs, the Rct values of CdS and ZnS increased to 40.56 and 59.37Ωcm2, implying unpromising catalytic activity as compared with the other three sulfides.Finally, Tafel polarization curve measurements were further carried out with the symmetrical cells similar to the ones in the EIS measurements to reconfirm the catalytic activities of the prepared sulfides. | What is the value of Rct? | 32587 |
{
"text": [
"4 mm2"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} | 10.1016/j.tsf.2017.07.019 | The device active area was 4 mm2, determined by the overlap of the cathode and anode.XRD patterns were recorded by using an X-ray diffractometer (Rigaku, D/MAX RINT-2500) with a CuK radiation source. | What is the value of active area? | 9358 |
{
"text": [
"73.3%"
],
"answer_start": [
216
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA10470C | The J–V curve of the device fabricated with 1.8 mg mL−1 Ni nanobelts exhibits the best photovoltaic performance with a Voc of 1.02 V, a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 21.64 mA cm−2, and a fill factor (FF) of 73.3%, yielding a champion PCE of 16.18% under simulated AM 1.5 100 mW cm−2 solar irradiation, as listed in Table 1. | What is the value of FF? | 19461 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} | 10.1016/j.tet.2006.12.013 | Redox potential of dyes on TiO2 was measured in CH3CN with 0.1 M (n-C4H9)4N-PF6 with a scan rate between 50 mV s−1 (vs. | What is ? | 32269 |
{
"text": [
"0.26"
],
"answer_start": [
29
]
} | 10.1016/j.mssp.2012.12.005 | The lattice spacing of about 0.26 nm indicates that the ZnO nanorods exhibited a growth orientation along the [001] direction. | What is ZnO? | 51048 |
{
"text": [
"6.91%"
],
"answer_start": [
269
]
} | 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2011.09.019 | The short-circuit photocurrent densities (JSC), open-circuit photovoltages (VOC), and fill factors (ff) of DSSCs sensitized by MX12 and MX13 are 15.0 mA cm−2, 720 mV, 0.64 and 15.5 mA cm−2, 697 mV, 0.65, respectively, yielding overall conversion efficiencies (η) up to 6.91% and 7.02%, respectively. | What is the value of η? | 40989 |
{
"text": [
"16.7%"
],
"answer_start": [
84
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2018.12.010 | Perovskite solar cells employed these two HTMs exhibit impressive PCEs of 15.9% and 16.7%, respectively, which are comparable to the spiro-OMeTAD-based device. | What is the value of PCE? | 9822 |
{
"text": [
"10.6%"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA10305G | Consequently, the device reached a maximum PCE of 10.6%.Solvent engineering is a useful method to control the perovskite film formation. | What is the value of PCE? | 20187 |
{
"text": [
"70%"
],
"answer_start": [
120
]
} | 10.1039/C3RA43057J | The best performance was found in the DIA8 device, which shows a maximum Jsc of 13.45 mA cm−2, a Voc of 757 mV, a FF of 70% and an η of 7.15%. | What is the value of FF? | 69138 |
{
"text": [
"18.06%"
],
"answer_start": [
154
]
} | 10.1039/C7NR07933H | The control PSC demonstrates superior performance with reverse scan from 1.5 V to −1.5 V; the Voc, Jsc, FF and PCE are 1.122 V, 21.61 mA cm−2, 74.49% and 18.06%, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 14003 |
{
"text": [
"6.11%"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
} | 10.1039/C4TC00661E | Under standard AM 1.5 irradiation (100 mW cm−2), the best dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) exhibits a high η of 6.11% without the need for co-adsorbent addition. | What is the value of η? | 69080 |
{
"text": [
"0.676 V"
],
"answer_start": [
49
]
} | 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.04.094 | Open circuit voltages (Voc) varied from 0.440 to 0.676 V, fill factors (FF) were greater than 40%, short-circuit photocurrent densities (Jsc) ranged from 0.112 to 0.290 mA/cm2 and highest conversion efficiency of 0.740% was reported for the Cladode DSSC.DSSCs were initially developed in 1991 by Gratzel et al., gaining significant interest in the scientific community, due to their low cost of production and environmental friendliness Natural plant-based DSSCs gained significance due to their low cost, non-toxicity, environmental friendliness and availability. | What is the value of Voc? | 44192 |
{
"text": [
"11.04%"
],
"answer_start": [
29
]
} | 10.1016/j.solmat.2015.10.045 | The optimized average PCE of 11.04% occurs at an annealing temperature of 100 °C due to the high JSC (20.21 mA/cm2) and FF (62.0%). | What is the value of PCE? | 3178 |
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
172
]
} | 10.1039/C0JM03481A | NSC 99-2221-E006-198-MY3 and 99-D0204-2, respectively, is gratefully acknowledged.† Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) available: SEM images of the ZnO NW array on FTO substrate, TEM characterizations of the as-prepared ZnO NWs and the ZnO NWs after immersed in the limpid solution (I) and typical IMPS responses of the DSSCs. | What is substrate? | 62971 |
{
"text": [
"7.03%"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
} | 10.1039/C2JM34425D | Therefore, the DSC assembled with the PEDOT/MWCNT CE exhibited Voc of 753 mV, Jsc of 13.72 mA cm−2, FF of 0.68, and cell efficiency (η) of 7.03%, which is superior to that using Pt CE (5.88%).In summary, PEDOT/MWCNT composite CE is fabricated by an electrophoresis of MWCNTs onto a FTO glass substrate and subsequent electropolymerization of PEDOT using a pulse potentiostatic polymerization, in which MWCNTs are uniformly wrapped with nano-meadows PEDOT thin film in the thickness of ∼55 nm. | What is the value of η? | 71121 |
{
"text": [
"0.73V"
],
"answer_start": [
155
]
} | 10.1016/j.cap.2011.01.004 | For the DSSC using the annealed carbon counter electrode prepared at 600°C annealing temperature, we obtained the best performance of Jsc=10.57mA/cm2, Voc=0.73V, FF=64.9%, and η=5.0%. | What is the value of Voc? | 23610 |
{
"text": [
"100mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
63
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.104180 | The J-V curves of perovskite solar cells were characterized by 100mW/cm2 AM 1.5G solar simulator (Bunkouki CEP-2000SRR). | What is the value of solar? | 9835 |
{
"text": [
"I−/I3−"
],
"answer_start": [
128
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.07.003 | It is evident that the NiCo2Se4-H CE has the largest D value, indicating the fast diffusion velocity of the redox couple in the I−/I3− electrolyte, which is beneficial for the electrocatalytic performance.d), two typical pairs of oxidation and reduction peaks are observed apparently, in which the left pair represents the reduction of I3− to I−, and the right pair displays the reduction of I2 to I3−. | What is redox couple? | 58903 |
{
"text": [
"18.75%"
],
"answer_start": [
18
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2018.09.002 | PCEs of 17.91 and 18.75% were achieved with the device active area of 2.04 and 2.18cm2, respectively for ICTH1 and ICTH2 based devices. | What is the value of PCE? | 9006 |
{
"text": [
"0.695 V"
],
"answer_start": [
80
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.06.082 | The DSSC combined with CA counter electrode yields Jsc of 17.80 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.695 V, FF of 0.65 and η of 8.04%, which are better than the DSSC with Pt counter electrode giving Jsc of 14.37 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.685 V, FF of 0.69 and η of 6.79%. | What is the value of Voc? | 51353 |
{
"text": [
"1.55%"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
} | 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.09.003 | Method 1 achieves a Voc of 0.633 V, Jsc of 6.47 mA cm−2, FF of 0.377, and η of 1.55%. | What is the value of η? | 954 |
{
"text": [
"100mWcm-2"
],
"answer_start": [
103
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.01.010 | The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of the PSCs was recorded under illumination (AM 1.5G, 100mWcm-2) using an electrochemical workstation (CHI 660E, Shanghai Chenhua) over a frequency ranging from 10−1Hz to 105Hz with a bias potential of 0.8V. | What is the value of illumination? | 1078 |
{
"text": [
"0.59%"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
} | 10.1039/C1JM12317C | Therefore, much smaller Jsc and lower η of the CEPA- and TFBPA-modified DSSCs (0.59% and 0.72%) are obtained. | What is the value of η? | 72712 |
{
"text": [
"I3-/I-"
],
"answer_start": [
107
]
} | 10.1016/j.cap.2010.11.001 | The monotonic decrease in Voc can be explained by the shift of the standard reduction potential (Eo) ofthe I3-/I- redox couple. | What is redox couple? | 28149 |
{
"text": [
"Au"
],
"answer_start": [
159
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA01800A | 3(a) shows the external quantum efficiency (EQE) spectra of FTO/blocking TiO2 (bl-TiO2: ∼50 nm in thickness)/MAPbI3 (∼300 nm)/PTAA (poly-triarylamine: ∼30 nm)/Au (∼60 nm) planar perovskite solar cells laminated with flat-PDMS and IMPS-PDMS layers and without the PDMS layer (reference). | What is FTO? | 14246 |
{
"text": [
"770 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
129
]
} | 10.1039/C2TA00494A | The photovoltaic parameters showed a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 12.89 mA cm−2, an open-circuit photovoltage (VOC) of 770 mV, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.72, yielding an overall power conversion efficiency (η) of 7.10%. | What is the value of VOC? | 77097 |
{
"text": [
"8.80%"
],
"answer_start": [
159
]
} | 10.1039/C6CS00752J | The DSSC with the deposited CNT CE achieved a PCE of 10.04%, which was higher than that of the DSSCs with printed CNT CE (PCE = 8.03%) and Pt-coated CE (PCE = 8.80%) under the same experimental conditions. | What is the value of PCE? | 66631 |
{
"text": [
"6.11%"
],
"answer_start": [
96
]
} | 10.1016/j.mtener.2018.02.004 | The PCE values of corresponding devices using the sulfide counter electrodes reach 6.49% (PbS), 6.11% (Ag2S), and 5.29% (CuS), much higher than the DSSCs using Pt counter electrode (3.86%).Among many kinds of photoelectric devices, the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have always been one of the research hotspots in recent decades because of the merits of low technique doorsill, environmental friendliness, simple fabrication process, and good plasticity On one hand, the sensitizer is responsible for capturing sunlight and designing novel dyes is a transitional path to improve the PCE of the DSSCs As a kind of Pt-free CE materials, metal sulfides have been used in DSSCs towards the iodide redox couple, such as WS2, MoS2, CoS, and NiS etal. | What is the value of PCE? | 32576 |
{
"text": [
"4.0 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
} | 10.1039/C2JM16896K | The active areas of the DSCs were 4.0 cm2.The crystallinity of undoped and N, B–TiO2 films were determined using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD, TTR-III, Rigaku Corp., Japan) with Cu Kα irradiation (λ = 0.1541 nm). | What is the value of active area? | 74799 |
{
"text": [
"77.0%"
],
"answer_start": [
172
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA02672F | The measured photovoltaic parameters (Voc, Jsc, FF, and PCE) are summarized in Table 3.The flexible perovskite solar cell shows 1.07/1.07 V Voc, 21.7/21.7 mA cm−2Jsc, 75.1/77.0% FF, and 17.8/18.2% PCE under the forward/reverse scan conditions, respectively. | What is the value of FF? | 19006 |
{
"text": [
"0.16 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
} | 10.1016/j.materresbull.2018.09.015 | Through employing a spacer (SX1170-60; Solaronix Co.), the active area of the thin film (0.16 cm2) was assembled together with the Pt-coated FTO glass which obtained the 60μm-thick hot-melt sealed film. | What is the value of active area? | 58813 |
{
"text": [
"5.83%"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2011.11.002 | The DSSC based on ISB-2 consisting of ISB unit produced 5.83% of η (Jsc= 13.14 mA cm−2, Voc= 0.64 V, and ff = 0.68) under 100 mW cm−2 simulated AM 1.5 G solar irradiation.Novel organic dyes containing 5-phenyl-iminodibenzyl (IDB) and 5-phenyl-iminostilbene (ISB) as electron donors have been synthesized and used as the sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). | What is the value of η? | 40875 |
{
"text": [
"tin oxide"
],
"answer_start": [
206
]
} | 10.1039/C7NJ04612J | The calculated mass of the bis-zinc porphyrin–DOTA derivative 8 is equal to 1140.2724 Da (chemical formula: C60H54N9O7Zn2), agreeing well with the experimental value of 1140.2764 Da [M + H]+.Fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass (Pilkington TEC 7) was used as transparent conducting glass substrates for the preparation of photo-anodes and counter electrodes. | What is anodes? | 77171 |
{
"text": [
"14.86%"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
} | 10.1016/j.tsf.2018.04.017 | It can be seen that the solar cell with patterned substrate exhibits a higher JSC of 20.92mA/cm2 and conversion efficiency of 14.86% than that using the non-patterned substrate (JSC=19.45mA/cm2 and Conversion efficiency=13.67%).Owing to the optically functional pattern, stronger scattering of light occurs at the surfaces of the back-contact and electron transfer layers, which increases the light path in the absorption layer. | What is the value of efficiency? | 1985 |
{
"text": [
"5.3%"
],
"answer_start": [
94
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2017.12.024 | This combination of good design and its effective optimization gave us a high PCE of 8.5% and 5.3% for PA and CE side illumination, which are ∼27% greater and ∼2% lesser than their best corresponding values reported for bifacial DSSCs with convention components. | What is the value of PCE? | 59004 |
{
"text": [
"0.5737 V"
],
"answer_start": [
211
]
} | 10.1039/C9RA03755A | The results showed that TNA films based on the TCL20 obtained better and comprehensive photoelectrochemical properties, and thus the DSSCs based on this TNA film achieved the highest Jsc (10.2054 mA cm−2), Voc (0.5737 V), PCE (3.3%) and Pout (3.31 mW cm−2).Pure titanium target (φ50 × 4 mm, ≥99.995%) was purchased from the Deyang ONA New Materials Co., Ltd. | What is the value of Voc? | 64724 |
{
"text": [
"15.03%"
],
"answer_start": [
214
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.08.041 | Based on these SnO2 ETLs, PSCs obtain a champion PCE and highest steady-state PCE of 19.20% and 18.48%, respectively, much higher than that of the devices using TiO2 ETLs (champion PCE = 16.61%; steady-state PCE = 15.03%). | What is the value of PCE? | 8962 |
{
"text": [
"12.3%"
],
"answer_start": [
19
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA01207D | The highest PCE of 12.3%, determined with a Jsc = 18.8 mA cm−2, a Voc = 1.08 V, and a FF = 0.60, was achieved for the perovskite layer obtained from 10 min SVA time of PbI2. | What is the value of PCE? | 12803 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
35
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.04.162 | The results demonstrate that for a TiO2 compact layer produced using the optimal process parameters (A1B2C1D3), the TiO2 porous layer sintered at 450 °C with a holding time of 30 min, and AZO annealed at 500 °C, the conversion efficiency of the DSSC increases from 2.24 to 5.69%. | What is ? | 50622 |
{
"text": [
"5.63%"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.12.036 | A further increase in Co/Zn molar ratio to 4:6 (CZ-4) leads to a reduction of η (5.63%) mainly due to a decrease in Jsc. | What is the value of η? | 34569 |
{
"text": [
"11.57%"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA08503J | The BTPA-6 (27)-based device yielded the highest PCE of 11.57% with a JSC of 20.57 mA cm−2, VOC of 0.97 mV, and an FF of 0.57. | What is the value of PCE? | 14514 |
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