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Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Paul Scholes has criticised Joe Hart for appearing 'delighted' despite Manchester City's defeat by Barcelona which saw them crash out of the Champions League. Hart was in inspired form at the Nou Camp on Wednesday as he pulled off a string of world-class saves to keep the scoreline down. But Barcelona won the second leg 1-0 thanks to Ivan Rakitic's first-half goal as the Catalan giants progressed 3-1 on aggregate. Joe Hart was fist-bumping his defenders after making saves despite Manchester City's defeat by Barcelona . Hart shares a smile with Lionel Messi as Manchester City lost the second leg to the Catalan giants . Hart produced several world class saves to keep the score down at the Nou Camp . Writing in his column in the Independent, Scholes said: 'Well done to Joe Hart for a record number of saves in a Champions League game this season, and without him it would undoubtedly been worse for City. 'But what I could not get my head around was his evident delight at it all. Towards the end of the game he was smiling after every save and fist-bumping his defenders. 'City were losing 1-0. They were going out of the Champions League. What were they celebrating? Losing 5-0?' Hart was quick of his line to deny Neymar as the Brazilian forward looked set to score . Hart was commanding in his area, spreading himself wide to keep out Luis Suarez's effort . Ivan Rakitic was the only player to find a way past Hart as Barcelona edged the second leg . City trailed 2-1 after the first leg at the Etihad and were fortunate not to concede more in Barcelona as Lionel Messi, Luis Suarez and Neymar all went close. Hart made a total of 10 saves and even Messi paid tribute to the England keeper. 'He saved everything,' he said. 'We had a lot of clear chances but the keeper had a brilliant game. 'We can only congratulate him, but the important thing is we achieved our objective to get through.' VIDEO Pellegrini insists City are improving . | Joe Hart kept the score down as Manchester City lost to Barcelona . Only Ivan Rakitic was able to pierce the last line of City's defence . But Paul Scholes has criticised Hart for appearing to be delighted . The keeper was smiling and fist-bumping with his defenders . CLICK HERE for the best images from Messi's personal battle with Hart . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | New York (CNN)The house is primitive, constructed of baked mud and stone. The landscape is sparse and mountainous, with snow cover in the winter. The terrain is rugged and challenging for the long walks the owner liked to take with his sons. Photographs quietly introduced as evidence in the latest major terrorism trial in Manhattan federal court offer a rare look inside Osama bin Laden's lair -- years before al Qaeda flew hijacked planes into buildings or bombed U.S. embassies in Africa and even before the FBI placed bin Laden on its Most Wanted List. Still, bin Laden was preparing, hiding out in a remote, mountainous area of Afghanistan known as Tora Bora. A remarkable set of photos -- the first showing bin Laden in the hideout where he would seek refuge after 9/11 -- came to light only last month in the terrorism conspiracy trial of bin Laden lieutenant Khaled al-Fawwaz, a communications conduit for al Qaeda in London in the mid-1990s. Al-Fawwaz would arrange bin Laden's first television interview for CNN's Peter Arnett and Peter Bergen in 1997 and a sit-down for ABC News' John Miller a year later. But before then, al-Fawwaz called on a Palestinian print journalist, whose 1996 journey to Afghanistan yielded these photos. Bin Laden had declared war on the United States and wanted more people to know it, especially in the Arab world. He reached out to Abdel Barri Atwan, the founder and then-editor-in-chief of Al-Quds Al-Arabi, an independent Arabic weekly published in London that had been critical of certain Arab regimes and the 1991 Persian Gulf War. Atwan had broken the story about bin Laden's first fatwa, or religious decree, stating his grievances against the United States, such as the presence of U.S troops in Saudi Arabia. He published the entire screed in August 1996. The next month, al-Fawwaz went to Atwan's office to offer him the first print interview with the emerging jihadist leader in Afghanistan. "I was told that Osama bin Laden was fond of my writing, he liked my style, and he wanted to meet me personally," Atwan recalled in an interview for Bergen's 2006 book, "The Osama bin Laden I Know." "I was hesitant, because it was very dangerous." Danger aside, in November 1996, Atwan was airborne to Afghanistan. The date-stamped photographs from his trip -- which Scotland Yard detectives discovered two years later in a search of al-Fawwaz's London home -- show a healthy, relaxed, sometimes smiling bin Laden, not yet 40, conversing, hiking, videotaping pronouncements, surrounded by children. The photos also show rare images of another man who has become an influential ideologue in the global jihadist movement -- Mustafa Setmariam Nasar, better known as Abu Musab al-Suri, a Syrian now in his mid-50s who has not been seen in public or heard from in a decade. Still, al-Suri is arguably the most influential strategic thinker in Islamist militant circles today. "A generation of jihadis were influenced by his teachings," said Paul Cruickshank, a CNN terrorism analyst who has written about al-Suri. "He wanted a global jihadist intifada, where people rose up and fought as individuals. "His teachings have deeply influenced jihadis in Syria -- how to build up an organization, how to win support for it," he said. Bin Laden, from Saudi Arabia, first went to Afghanistan in the 1980s to participate in the armed resistance to Soviet invaders, one of thousands of Arab fighters defending a Muslim nation. As the anti-Soviet jihad wound down, bin Laden began organizing al Qaeda, meaning "the base," around the border city of Peshawar, Pakistan. By 1992, Pakistan forced him and his fighters to leave. Bin Laden relocated to Khartoum, Sudan, welcomed by a new Islamist regime. But after four years headquartered there, in 1996, under pressure from the United States, Sudan made bin Laden go. By then, the ideologically in sync Taliban had taken control of Afghanistan, and bin Laden decided to move there. In May 1996, bin Laden settled in the eastern Afghan city of Jalalabad. His mountain fortress in Tora Bora was a long drive up a dirt road he had built. Atwan was driven there in a red Toyota pickup in a twisting seven-hour drive through the mountains. As a photo of him shows, Atwan donned Afghan-style baggy trousers and a turban to get past security checkpoints and fit in. Atwan met bin Laden in his cave. It was small, 13 by 20 feet in Atwan's estimation, and as the new photos show, it was lined with shelves of books about the Koran and the Prophet Mohammed. Bin Laden liked to use the bookshelves as a backdrop for his videotaped edicts and interviews. The cave not only offered bin Laden a hiding place but also street credibility in the Muslim world, as the prophet is believed to have received the revelations of the Koran while camped in his own mountain cave. After hours of conversation and an inedible dinner featuring salty cheese and sandy bread, Atwan ended up bunking in the cave on a mattress that rested on boxes of grenades. "He wanted media exposure," Atwan recalled in the interview for Bergen's 2006 book. "He wants to say, 'Now I am an international figure; I'm not just a Saudi. I am aggrieved at Americans who are occupying Saudi Arabia who are desecrating the Holy Land.' " As seen in the photographs, bin Laden always carried a Russian-made Kalashnikov rifle. His comrades addressed him as "Abu Abdullah," for father of Abdullah, his eldest son. Two younger sons, Saad and Ali, then in their early teens, sometimes were at the compound. As one photo shows, Atwan and bin Laden took a two-hour walk around Tora Bora. "He loved that nature there. He loved the mountain. They were trying to have their own community, grow their foods," Atwan recalled. "It's like an oasis in Afghanistan." Bin Laden's three wives and more than a dozen children did not share bin Laden's joy in living the life of medieval peasants in the Tora Bora mountains, where the only light at night was from the moon and gas lanterns, and the only heat in a place where tremendous blizzards were common was a wood-burning metal stove. Hunger was a frequent companion to the bin Laden children who lived on a subsistence diet of rice, bread, eggs and that salty cheese. In December 2001, with U.S. troops retaliating for 9/11 closing in, bin Laden fled Tora Bora, eventually making his way to Pakistan, where U.S. Navy SEALs ended a decade-long manhunt by killing him in his Abbottabad hideout, an hour north of Islamabad. Atwan stepped down from the helm of Al-Quds in 2013 and recapped his journey in a deposition for the al-Fawwaz trial. Al-Fawwaz was convicted in Manhattan federal court on February 26 and faces a possible life sentence. Even in Tora Bora, Atwan felt bin Laden was vulnerable to intelligence agencies. "I thought this man would not last," Atwan said Tuesday. "He wasn't really well-protected. He was visible and moving freely." In 1996, bin Laden knew but certainly did not disclose the lethal plots he had set in motion -- the embassy bombings, the planes plot that would become 9/11. Atwan said, "He was very optimistic, and it never occurred to me that this would be the most be dangerous man in the world." With his pale skin, short red hair and beard, and green wool hat, Abu Musab al-Suri could pass for Irish. But he is Syrian, originally from the ancient city of Aleppo, fought in the anti-Soviet Afghan war, and lived in London in the 1990s. Al-Suri was close to bin Laden, which explains his comfortable presence in the 1996 photos of Tora Bora, seated next to al Qaeda's leader in his cave or hiking with him, carrying his own cameras. (Al-Suri also accompanied Bergen and Arnett on their visit to bin Laden in 1997.) The United States has since accused al-Suri of training recruits at al Qaeda's pre-9/11 al-Ghuraba and Derunta camps in Afghanistan, where operatives such as Ahmed Ressam, who planned to bomb Los Angeles International Airport in December 1999, learned how to kill with poisons and chemicals. Eventually, al-Suri publicly criticized bin Laden for making al Qaeda so hierarchical, for courting publicity and being so controlling, even calling him a "Pharoah" for his imperial leadership style. But al-Suri was no less militant. He set up his own training camp in Afghanistan and advocated a "leaderless jihad" featuring, as he put it, "spontaneous operations performed by individuals and cells all over the whole world without connection between them." Al-Suri summarized his philosophy in his 1,600-page treatise, "The Call for Global Islamic Resistance," which he published on the Internet in 2004. He coined the Arabic slogan nizam, la tanzim, meaning "a system, not an organization," to describe his belief that there should be no organizational bonds between "resistance fighters." Al-Suri advocated terrorist cells of no more than 10 men and envisioned more "lone-wolf" attacks, such as the Fort Hood, Texas, massacre carried out in 2009 by rogue U.S. Army Maj. Nidal Malik Hasan, who was inspired by the radical Yemeni-American cleric Anwar al-Awlaki, himself an al-Suri disciple. Strategically, al-Suri argued, a less centralized jihadist network would make operatives who were arrested less likely to expose fellow militants to intelligence or law enforcement agencies, because the fighters would not know who else was part of the movement. Al-Suri was forward thinking about al Qaeda evolving into an international ideology more than a centrally controlled organization. After 9/11, al-Suri appeared on the U.S. Most Wanted Terrorists list with a $5 million reward for information leading to his capture. In 2005, al-Suri was tracked down in Quetta, Pakistan, and sent to Syria, where he was imprisoned. There were unconfirmed reports that he was released in 2012, followed by al Qaeda statements by leader Ayman al-Zawahiri and spokesman Adam Gadahn in 2014 saying, "May Allah release him." A decade after his arrest, al-Suri's whereabouts are a mystery. A gripping glimpse into bin Laden's decline and fall . Phil Hirschkorn is a fellow at the Center on National Security at Fordham Law School and a former CNN senior producer. Peter Bergen is CNN's national security analyst. | Photos from terrorism trial offer rare glimpse of Osama bin Laden's hideout before 9/11 . Palestinian journalist went to interview bin Laden in 1996 in Afghanistan's Tora Bora area . Abu Musab al-Suri, an influential figure in global jihadist movement, appears in images, too . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | The Med diet: People who adopted the eating plan were 47 per cent less likely to develop heart disease over a 10 year period . A Mediterranean diet is more protective against heart disease than exercise, a new study has revealed. Those who stuck to the diet, consisting of fresh fruit and vegetables, whole grains, nuts, beans, olive oil, fish and even a glass of red wine were 47 per cent less likely to develop heart disease over a 10 year period. The study, from Harokopio University in Athens, is the first to track 10-year heart disease risk in a general population. Most previous studies have focused on middle-aged people. The study, presented at the American College of Cardiology's annual conference, is based on data from a representative sample of more than 2,500 Greek adults, . Aged between 18 to 89, they provided researchers with health information on themselves each year from 2001 to 2012. Nearly one in five of the men and 12 per cent of the women developed or died from heart disease, including stroke, coronary heart disease and heart attack. The researchers scored participants' diets on a scale from 1 to 55 based on their self-reported frequency and level of intake from 11 food groups. Those who scored in the top-third in terms of adherence to the Mediterranean diet were 47 percent less likely to develop heart disease over the 10-year follow-up period (compared to participants who scored in the bottom-third). Each one-point increase in the dietary score was associated with a three percent drop in heart disease risk. This difference was independent of other heart disease risk factors including age, gender, family history, education level, body mass index, smoking habits, hypertension, diabetes and high cholesterol. Women tended to follow the Mediterranean diet more closely than men, the researchers noted. Study author, Professor Demosthenes Panagiotakos, said: 'Our study shows the Mediterranean diet is a beneficial intervention for all types of people in both genders, in all age groups, and in both healthy people and those with health conditions. 'Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was more protective than physical activity. 'It also reveals the Mediterranean diet has direct benefits for heart health, in addition to its indirect benefits in managing diabetes, hypertension (high blood pressure) and inflammation. Protective: The Mediterranean diet comprises fresh fruit and vegetables, whole grains, nuts, beans, olive oil, fish and red wine . 'Because the Mediterranean diet is based on food groups that are quite common or easy to find, people around the world could easily adopt this dietary pattern and help protect themselves against heart disease with very little cost.' The researchers admitted that because the study was limited to Greeks living in the Athens area it might not reflect the health patterns of other countries. But they did point out that urbanised Greeks were eating a more western diet, similar to that of Americans. The analysis also confirmed results of previous studies indicating that male gender, older age, diabetes and a measure of inflammation are associated with an increased risk for heart disease. Earlier research has shown that following the traditional Mediterranean diet is linked to weight loss, reduced risk of diabetes, lower blood pressure and lower blood cholesterol levels, in addition to reduced risk of heart disease. | Greeks who followed the diet were 47% less likely to develop heart disease . Study is the first to track 10-year heart disease risk in a general population . Staples of the diet include fresh fruit and vegetables, whole grains, nuts, beans, olive oil and fish - 'easily obtainable foods', the researchers note . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | It is a powerful connection between two mothers, captured on camera. Myleene Klass, travelling in Nepal with Save the Children, breaks down after a young Nepalese mum, Soshma, recounts the story of the tragic death of her baby son Rhythm. The emotionally-charged moment comes when the television presenter learns that baby Rhythm couldn't be saved because the cost of hospital care for the seriously ill infant was too expensive. Scroll down for video . Young Nepalese mum, Soshama, 20, (left) reduces Myleene to tears as she recounts the loss of her baby Rhythm, who died of pneumonia shortly after being born . The bereaved mother explains to Myleene how she couldn't afford the hospital care that could have saved her newborn son Rhythm's life. After his death, her father burned his body in the mountains . When Soshma, 20, asks Myleene if she has a family of her own, her thoughts clearly turn to daughters Ava, seven, and Hero, three and the star begins to weep. Many mothers in the country are forced to take expensive loans out to pay for hospital care, or like Soshma, face trying to care for desperately ill infants alone, often with tragic consequences. Myleene explains: 'Soshma gave birth at home but realised Rhythm was very unwell so she walked for hours to reach the nearest hospital. 'He had pneumonia, but in Nepal a day in hospital costs a month’s salary so after eight days Soshma had no choice but to take Rhythm home. 'A few days later, as she was breastfeeding, she looked down and realised he had gone.' Soshma's father then burned the body of the young baby in the hills, leaving Soshma to grieve. Myleene continues: 'Soshma was clearly still in shock and said this was the first time she’d really talked about it. Television star Myleene, an ambassador for Save the Children, travelled to maternity units in Nepal to raise awareness of the country's ongoing healthcare crisis . Myleene met health workers in the mountainous country; Save the Children say there is currently only one health professional to every 1,493 people in Nepal . 'Her friends and family told her to delete her photos of the baby or she wouldn’t be able to move on. But she had one tiny photo saved as the contact image next to her mum’s number. So now, every time her mum rings, Rhythm’s picture flashes up. 'As a mum myself that just broke my heart. I have so many pictures of my girls on my phone but I couldn’t bring them out and show her. I couldn’t do it.” The ambassador for the charity said of her experience travelling to the mountainous country, where there is only one health worker to every 1,493 people: 'As a mum, I know how terrifying it is to give birth, even with a trained midwife available to help. But in Nepal I heard some harrowing stories.' Myleene shot a video diary of her time at Trishuli District Hospital in Nepal and is clearly shocked by the conditions that await pregnant women in the maternity ward. She describes 'blood on the floor and blood on the walls' inside the labour rooms and compares it to her own experience of giving birth in London: 'When I think of where I gave birth, in a sterile hospital.. .sometimes you can have a water birth, you can have your baby at home...we have all of these options.' She adds: 'I met mums who had to walk on foot or were carried for up to seven hours in a wicker basket to get to a clinic because there aren't any ambulances; women who had to give birth by the side of the road without a health worker present; mothers who couldn't afford basic medical care for their children – the result was horrifying, and always the same: children dying needlessly.' Myleene is pictured with Sabatri, 23, (left) who has taken out loans to pay for hospital care for her sick son Dataram, aged 6 months. Myleene (right) cradles a baby as she meets mothers in the maternity ward in the Trishuli District Hospital in Nepal . Myleene with six-month-old baby Ayusha at the infant's home in Nepal's Trishuli district. Ayusha's mother had lost her first two babies to childbirth complications . 'As a mum, I know how terrifying it is to give birth, even with a trained midwife available to help. But in Nepal I heard some harrowing stories.' Myleene visits a delivery room in a hospital in Trushuli district . Looking at the facilities on the maternity ward...pregnant women can travel for up to a day to reach their nearest hospital . With its 'No Child Born to Die' campaign, Save the Children are highlighting the plight of children dying from preventable causes and asking for the same awareness that eventually halted the spread of the Ebola virus to be applied to Nepal's healthcare tragedy. It is urging the government, via a petition, to 'lead the world towards the goal of ending preventable child deaths by 2030'. The charity is working to provide vital equipment to health centres across the country as well as equipping health visitors with training and offering life-saving advice to new mothers. Sign the 'No Child Born to Die' petition at savethechildren.org.uk . | Myleene Klass travelled to Nepal with Save the Children . Broke down in front of cameras with young mum who lost her baby son . Mum-of-two Myleene says hearing Soshma's story 'broke my heart' |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Stoke, under the management of Tony Pulis, became the team everyone hated and everyone hated to play against. But if there is something worse than being hated, it is being ignored and that is where we are with Mark Hughes’ Stoke side now. While the physical nature of the team Pulis built brought incendiary headlines, critical comment and damning statistics – I was the captain of his team in the Championship from 2004-2007 – the progress made by Hughes has been overlooked. Stoke stars Mame Diouf, Jon Walters and Steven Nzonzi celebrate during the Potters' 2-0 win over Everton in the Barclays Premier League on Wednesday which lifted them to eighth in the table . Stoke have collected 23 points from a possible 33 since Boxing Day. Only Liverpool and Arsenal have picked up more, so why isn’t there more attention to their achievements? When Stoke beat Everton this week to rise to eighth place in the Barclays Premier League, the aftermath wasn’t about how well Stoke are doing but instead about the struggling Roberto Martinez and Everton. Stoke are the team who are above Garry Monk’s Swansea – recently championed after their defeat of Manchester United – West Ham, Newcastle and the rest of the bottom ten. Southampton have exceeded everyone’s expectations this season and receive weekly reviews as the nation’s romance story; neutrals want them to do well, to upset the normal order of the top four. But what is it about Stoke City Football Club, who are as high as they can probably ever wish to be, that generates such little media attention or positive write ups? Stoke, as a city, finds itself situated between the bigger and more glamorous cities of Manchester and Birmingham, but it has a lot to offer. Stoke's Michael Duberry tracks Wigan striker Nathan Ellington during a Championship match at the Britannia Stadium in November 2004, which was the defender's first season at the club . Crystal Palace striker Andy Johnson tries to take evasive action as Duberry jumps across to make a tackle during Stoke's 3-1 home defeat by the Eagles in March 2006 . Duberry stands all smiles at the Britannia Stadium during his time as a Stoke player. It was a period in the defender's career where he admits he felt wanted by the club in his three-year spell which ended in 2007 . When I moved to Stoke from Leeds, the city didn’t have a Harvey Nichols or some of the swanky restaurants I left in Leeds, but it didn’t matter. The club gave me a home and a place. I felt wanted - I didn’t want anything else. I moved near the training ground in nearby Newcastle Under Lyme and was very happy. I had Trentham Gardens, Hanley Shopping centre and Alton Towers was on my doorstep too. Back when I was a Stoke player the club always seemed to have a power struggle going on upstairs. There was a lack of a clear vision as to who was in charge and the direction in which they wanted to take the club. Then Peter Coates took over in 2006 and the vision became clear. A Stoke boy and self-made millionaire, Mr Coates has the club at heart and never hides that love. He has made some wise appointments to manage the football team. Stoke were promoted to the Premier League under the management of Tony Pulis, with Duberry playing under the now West Brom boss while at the Potters in the Championship . Pulis arranges a training drill at Stoke's training ground in 2012. Duberry described the sessions as regimented and boring, but admits it made the team play better on match days . Since Mark Hughes has taken over, the club have only spent £10m in the transfer market, which is a tremendous job in the current climate of spending. Stoke have become quite successful in finding players to fit the mold, with Hughes and his staff working with head of recruitment Mark Cartwright. They don’t overspend and yet they have created and established a Premier League team. Finishing 12th,11th, 14th and 13th twice since coming into the Premier League, last season was their highest-ever. with a 9th place finish. But now they are one place higher and playing a more attractive passing style. During my first spell under Tony Pulis, we were very direct, often going back to front in less than two passes. Training was regimented, often just walking through team shape and then doing set pieces. I didn’t like it and found it boring but it made us better on match days and I loved the feeling of a clean sheet. Stoke attracted criticism for their direct style of play after being promoted to the Premier League in 2008, with teams forced into having to form defensive tactics against long Rory Delap throw ins . Mark Hughes gives advice to Stoke's Glenn Whelan during a league game against Liverpool, and Duberry claims the Potters have improved their style of play having spent little money under the Welshman . The next season under Johan Boskamp, everything was totally different. The Dutch manager had a pure footballing philosophy and every training session was 100 per cent football. I loved everything from the training, to the games and to the way he spoke football . When Pulis came back the following season, it reverted back to the old regime of pattern of play and set pieces in training. It was very frustrating . It’s a different club now with a different manager and a different footballing ethos. You never see Mark Hughes in the technical area signaling to his players to pass from back to front, but instead he is gesturing to pass the ball and it looks as if the players are enjoying the experience. I believe they deserve more credit and exposure. But if that doesn’t happen, then I’m sure the loud choruses of ‘Delilah’ from the fans will drown out any negative, stereotypical opinions outside. | Stoke City were hated by everyone under management of Tony Pulis . But despite improving style under Mark Hughes they have become ignored . Only Liverpool and Arsenal have picked up more points since Boxing Day . Potters deserve more credit for improving results and style of play . CLICK HERE for all the latest Stoke City news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | The Conservatives will build 200,000 cut-price homes to help first-time buyers get a foot on the property ladder, David Cameron will pledge today. A scheme offering starter homes for sale at 20 per cent below the normal market price is to be doubled in size if the Tories win the election. The estimated discount on a typical £200,000 house would be a hefty £40,000. Scroll down for video . Levels of home ownership have plummeted to the lowest level in 30 years, according to latest figures . The scheme for 100,000 such homes was announced at the Conservative Party conference in September. The Prime Minister now wants to build 200,000 over the next five years. Pledging to produce a Britain ‘where everyone who works hard can have a home of their own’, Mr Cameron will say: ‘There is a particular kind of security that comes with having a home – and that’s what I want to talk about today. Too many people have been denied that security. ‘The young people in their 20s and 30s, still living with their parents, desperately saving for their own place. The couple who want a child but can’t afford to upsize – even though they both have full-on, full-time jobs. It shouldn’t be this way.’ David Cameron will pledge to build 200,000 cut-price homes to help first-time buyers get a foot on the property ladder . The move comes amid concern over falling levels of home ownership and the prospect that future generations may never be able to afford a home of their own. Mr Cameron is also considering a radical idea tabled by Work and Pensions Secretary Iain Duncan Smith to extend the right to buy to 2.5million tenants in housing association properties. The Tories’ Starter Homes initiative is due to begin today. First-time buyers aged under 40 are eligible to apply and can register their interest at www.starter-home.co.uk. The homes will be built by the private sector and several major developers such as Barratt and Taylor Wimpey have signed up to take part. Anyone buying one will have to hang on to it for at least five years before selling it on the open market to prevent speculators using the scheme to make a windfall profit. Ministers are consulting on whether to extend the minimum resale period to 15 years. Labour last night attacked the Tory housing plan after Conservative Party chairman Grant Shapps struggled to explain how it would be funded. In an interview with Sky News Mr Shapps initially suggested homebuyers would be offered government-subsidised mortgages, before saying ministers would ‘get together’ with developers and landowners to finalise details. Shadow housing minister Emma Reynolds said the comments suggested the Conservatives’ plans were not credible. ‘The Tories’ housing policies are in chaos,’ she said. ‘Grant Shapps, a former housing minister, couldn’t even explain how the Government would deliver a key election pledge.’ But Tory sources said there was a clear plan to keep prices down by allowing construction in areas where planning permission would not normally be granted for housing. Hundreds of acres of unwanted commercial and industrial land are to be turned over for the scheme, which Mr Cameron has said will help ‘unlock home ownership for a generation’. In some cases, developers will be allowed to build a small number of homes for sale on the open market to subsidise the cost of the new starter homes. Developers will also be spared infrastructure levies which add about £20,000 to the cost of a home on a normal development. Rules allowing homeowners to build conservatories without planning permission are to be extended . Controversial rules that allow homeowners to build big conservatories and extensions without planning permission are to be extended for another five years, the Tories said yesterday. The regulations, which permit extensions of up to 26ft long without authorisation – provided no neighbours object – provoked a major row when they were first announced by the Government in 2013. But Tory sources said they would be retained until at least 2020. Regulations which make it easier for former offices to be converted to homes would also be extended. Conservative Party Chairman Grant Shapps said that the move was designed to ensure ‘common sense on home extensions, so families aren’t crushed by expensive red tape’. Councils will also be forced to help find plots for people seeking to build their own homes, as part of a scheme that ministers believe could produce up to 20,000 new homes a year. Ministers say they want to offer new starter homes in both towns and the countryside – and it is possible that some will be built in the Green Belt. The price of homes available in the scheme will be capped at £250,000 outside London and £450,000 in the capital. Mr Cameron will pledge that design standards will not be allowed to slip, saying that people will not be offered ‘rabbit hutches or shoe boxes, but decent, well-built homes with gardens – places to start and raise a family’. But industry sources questioned whether the scheme could be delivered and pointed out that it has been doubled in size before a single home has been built. One senior industry figure described the target for 200,000 cut-price homes over five years as ‘very ambitious’ in the context of the 125,000 or so new houses started in total last year. | David Cameron to announce housing policy in speech in today . Tories will build 200,000 cut-price homes to help first-time buyers . Councils to be forced to free up plots for people who want to build house . Ministers claim it could lead to an extra 100,000 houses over five years . Rules allowing for bigger extensions to be extended until 2020 . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A Russian schoolboy has been filmed falling 100 feet to his death after accidentally grabbing a 30,000 volt electricity cable while making a free-climbing video. The 14-year-old, identified only by the name 'Maxim', was climbing along the top of a railway bridge in the capital Moscow while a friend of the same age filmed his dangerous stunt. After walking along the metal railing once, Maxim stops and walks towards the edge of the bridge to get a better view. However he appears to stumble and instinctively grabs the high voltage cable, which electrocutes him and causes him to fall on to the railway tracks below. Risky: The 14-year-old, identified only by the name 'Maxim', was climbing along the top of a railway bridge in the capital Moscow while a friend of the same age filmed his dangerous stunt . Shock: After walking along the metal railing once, Maxim stops and walks towards the edge of the bridge to get a better view. However he appears to stumble and instinctively grabs the high voltage cable . Transport police in Russia issued the disturbing video as a warning to others against performing dangerous stunts on railway lines in order to get pictures and video to put on social media. Maxim had climbed onto the top of the railway bridge not far from Sheremetyevo International Airport in the Russian capital Moscow together with a friend also aged 14-years-old. And as the second schoolboy videoed, Maxim crouched as he edged his way towards the end of the bridge and then turned round and slowly walked back, this time standing higher. Seconds later he appears to lose his balance and instinctively grabs the 30,000 volt electricity cable in the hope of regaining his balance. However a cloud of smoke is seen coming from the schoolboy's right hand as the current knocks him unconscious and causes him to tumble off the railing on to the railway tracks 100 feet below. Horror: A cloud of smoke is seen coming from the schoolboy's right hand as the current knocks him unconscious and causes him to tumble off the railing on to the railway tracks 100 feet below . Plummet: Maxim's tragic death was captured on film by his 14-year-old schoolboy friend . The 14-year-old was climbing along the top of this bridge when he slipped and fell to his death . The schoolboy fell from the top of the bridge on to the railway lines 100 feet below . Transport police spokeswoman Jana Vasilieva said: 'This was a tragic accident that cost a young man his life and illustrates the danger of trespassing on railway property. 'The incident is still being investigated though so we cannot say any more this stage.' Video of the incident emerged on the same day a shocking video was released showing the moment passers-by refused to help a fatally injured young man who burst into flames while trying to steal copper wire from an electricity substation. The unidentified South African, who appears to be in his teens, was seen with horrific burns covering most of his upper body following the incident in the outskirts of the city of Witbank. With his terrible injuries clearly visible, the young man says he is in agony and begs passers-by to take him to the hospital - but he is cruelly told to walk if he wants treatment. The burns victim then walked to a health clinic, where an ambulance was called, but he died several hours later. | Schoolboy named Maxim was filmed climbing a railway bridge in Moscow . He walked to the edge of the a metal railing but appeared to lose balance . The 14-year-old then instinctively grabbed a 30,000 volt electricity cable . He suffered a massive electric shock which caused him to fall on to the railways tracks 100 feet below . |
From the passage provided, extract the country which hosted the 2022 world cup. | The FIFA World Cup, often simply called the World Cup, is an international association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The tournament has been held every four years since the inaugural tournament in 1930, except in 1942 and 1946 when it was not held because of the Second World War. The reigning champions are Argentina, who won their third title at the 2022 tournament.
The format involves a qualification phase, which takes place over the preceding three years, to determine which teams qualify for the tournament phase. In the tournament phase, 32 teams compete for the title at venues within the host nation(s) over about a month. The host nation(s) automatically qualify to the group stage of the tournament. The FIFA World Cup has been scheduled to expand to 48 teams for the 2026 tournament.
As of the 2022 FIFA World Cup, 22 final tournaments have been held and a total of 80 national teams have competed. The trophy has been won by eight national teams. Brazil, with five wins, are the only team to have played in every tournament. The other World Cup winners are Germany and Italy, with four titles each; Argentina, with three titles; France and inaugural winner Uruguay, each with two titles; and England and Spain, with one title each.
The World Cup is the most prestigious association football tournament in the world, as well as the most widely viewed and followed single sporting event in the world. The viewership of the 2018 World Cup was estimated to be 3.57 billion (close to half of the global population), while the engagement with 2022 World Cup was estimated to be around 5 billion with close to 1.5 billion people watching the final match.
Seventeen countries have hosted the World Cup, most recently Qatar, who hosted the 2022 edition. The 2026 tournament will be jointly hosted by Canada, the United States and Mexico, which will give Mexico the distinction of being the first country to host games in three World Cups. | Qatar hosted 2022 FIFA World Cup |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen says he has found the wreck of a long-lost World War II Japanese battleship near the Philippines. The philanthropist posted images on Twitter that appeared to show the Musashi, once one of the two largest warships in the world. The discovery was made aboard his superyacht, the MY Octopus, as part of an expedition that Allen launched. The search has taken Allen and his team of researchers more than eight years. The images and video were taken by an unmanned submersible deployed from the vessel. "Since my youth, I have been fascinated with World War II history, inspired by my father's service in the U.S. Army," Allen said in a statement. "The Musashi is truly an engineering marvel and, as an engineer at heart, I have a deep appreciation for the technology and effort that went into its construction. I am honored to play a part in finding this key vessel in naval history and honoring the memory of the incredible bravery of the men who served aboard her." He used his Twitter account to publicize the find. In one tweet, he said one image showed the bow of the ship, which features a distinctive chrysanthemum -- the flower is the emblem of Japan's royal family -- and a huge anchor. The other underwater photograph shows one of the Musashi's valves on which the Japanese characters for "main valve handle" and "open" are legible. He said the writing on the valve was proof that the ship was of Japanese origin. The director of Japan's Kure Maritime Museum told CNN after viewing the information posted by Allen that it appeared that the vessel was the Musashi, although further pictures were needed to know for sure. The Musashi was one of two Yamato-class battleships constructed by the Imperial Japanese Navy. Launched in 1940, it was, at the time, the largest class of warship ever constructed, displacing more than 69,000 tons. The Musashi sank on October 24, 1944, during the Battle of the Sibuyan Sea, part of the Battle of Leyte Gulf, in the central Philippines. According to U.S. Navy documents, torpedo planes from U.S. aircraft carriers scored at least 10 hits on the battleship over the course of four hours. Navy dive bombers also hit the ship 16 times, but it was the torpedo hits that doomed the Musashi. "She went down by the bow, capsizing when the forward flying (U.S. forecastle) deck was submerged," said the Navy report, based on survivor accounts. Two of those survivors, the executive officer and the chief engineer, told how they escaped the sinking. "The executive officer swam off from one of the upper levels in the tower. He saw the propellers as Musashi disappeared," the Navy report said. "The chief engineer climbed over the side amidships as Musashi lurched to port. He walked and scrambled around the girth against the roll, climbing over the bilge keel. Finally, he was thrown off into the water and swam away to port. There were no explosions." More than 1,000 of the Musashi's crew were killed during the battle and sinking. The 1,300-plus survivors were taken aboard by other Japanese warships, according to the U.S. Navy report. Allen said that his superyacht, the MY Octopus, had found the wreck at a depth of around 1 kilometer (3,281 feet). A statement released by Vulcan, Allen's company, said that the team combined historical data with advanced technology to narrow the search area, and that Allen had "commissioned a hypsometric bathymetric survey of the ocean floor to determine the terrain" before searching the area with a Bluefin autonomous underwater vehicle. Kazushige Todaka, the maritime museum director, said that, given the location and the depth at which the wreck was found, he was "90% sure" that the ship was the Musashi. "I was really surprised because the location of the sunken ship has never been identified since it went down. I have heard countless stories in the past that the ship was discovered, but they all turned out not to be true." Todaka said Allen's team had been in contact with the museum about the ship's potential location and its expedition. "It's a wonderful discovery, if it's true, as we have long been looking for the battleship," he said. "It's fateful that the discovery was made on the 70th anniversary of (the end of) World War II. The memory of the war has been fading away after 70 years, and the survivors of the war are disappearing. It is very meaningful discovery and a good chance for us to remind ourselves about the war and its tragedy." He added that images of the entire body of the ship will be needed to be 100% sure that the discovery is indeed the Musashi. The Vulcan statement added that the team is "mindful of the responsibility related to the wreckage of the Musashi as a war grave and intend to work with the Japanese government to ensure the site is treated respectfully and in accordance with Japanese traditions." Since leaving Microsoft, the company he co-founded in 1975, billionaire Allen has immersed himself in a variety of commercial and charitable pursuits. He is the owner of several U.S. sports teams -- including the Seattle Seahawks -- and backed SpaceShipOne, the prototype commercial spaceplane that won the 2004 Ansari X Prize. His estimated net worth is $17.5 billion, according to Forbes magazine. CNN's Brad Lendon contributed to this report. | Japan's Musashi was once one of the two largest warships in the world . A team led by Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen makes discovery of the ship . Maritime museum director says he's "90% sure" the ship was the Musashi . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A three-year-old boy's parents were horrified when some of his first words were expletives they say he learned from a Peppa Pig toy. Amari Black had been given the Peppa Pig Fun And Learn tablet as a present and parents Garfield and Marcha had hoped it would help their son improve his speech. But then they heard the boy utter 'f*** you', and realised he had picked it up from the malfunctioning £20 toy. Scroll down for video . Amari Black's parents are horrified when some of the three-year-old's first words were 'f*** you', which they say he picked up from this Peppa Pig toy . Painter and decorator Mr Black, 48, noticed that instead of saying 'find the odd one out', the toy says 'f**k you? odd one out'. 'I was cooking in the kitchen when I heard him saying 'f*** you,' he said. 'I was disgusted, I thought he had learned it at nursery. 'But then when I was playing with him I realised that it was Peppa Pig that was teaching him it - I was very upset. Amari had been given the Peppa Pig Fun And Learn tablet as a present and parents Garfield and Marcha (pictured with their son) had hoped it would help their son improve his speech . Amari's parents heard the boy utter 'f*** you', and realised he had picked it up from the malfunctioning £20 toy . Amari's father noticed that instead of saying 'find the odd one out', the toy says 'f**k you? odd one out' 'I was going to destroy it, that's how angry I was. 'Now he's saying it constantly and he finds it funny. I tell him swearing is wrong but he keeps saying it now.' The toy was bought as a Christmas present for Amari by a family friend from Argos and is said to be suitable for children three and above. Amari was was born with rickets and has learning difficulties so his parents hoped the toy would help him improve his speech . Amari was was born with rickets and has learning difficulties so his parents hoped the toy would help him improve his speech. 'We want our kids to be happy - so we work hard to buy these things for our kids but they just go and teach them how to swear.' said Mr Black, who believes the foul language is down to a malfunction in the toy. 'He can say "mum", "dad", "please", "thank you", and sadly "f**k you". 'We've been buying Peppa Pig toys for our kids for years but will never buy them again.' Job centre advisor Mrs Black, 34, said she was shocked when relatives questioned whether Amari had learned the swear word from his parents. 'I'm devastated. He got in trouble at my mum's for saying it and told me off because she thought he was learning it from us at home,' she said. 'He's definitely banned from playing with it now. 'We would never use that language at all, let alone in front of an impressionable child. 'I want to encourage him to talk as much as possible, but it's hard because whenever I tell him he's doing well, he responds with 'f*** you'.' Mother-of-four Marcha says she has written two emails of complaint to manufacturers InspirationWorks, but is yet to hear back. She said: 'I feel devastated and let down by them.' InspirationWorks is yet to comment on the family's claims. | Amari Black was given Fun And Learn tablet to help his language skills . Parents Garfield and Marcha say their son learned 'f*** you' from the toy . Instead of saying 'find the odd one out' it utters expletive, parents say . Toddler is now swearing 'constantly', to the horror of his family . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | They say one man's trash is another man's treasure and that has certainly proved to be the case for entrepreneur Dan Cluderay. While supermarkets regularly throw away food that has gone past its 'best before' date, Mr Cluderay, from Worksop, Nottinghamshire, is now a millionaire after setting up an online business selling out-of-date food to busy mums and bargain hunters. The 40-year-old says the secret to his success is that his business, Approved Food, provides just what the savvy shopper is looking for - quality food at prices which save mums around £60 off their weekly bill compared to a similar shop at one of the big supermarkets. Scroll down for video . Dan Cluderay is enjoying the fruits of his labour after his online business selling out-of-date food proves to be a hit with busy mums . Mr Cluderay pitching the Dragons on the BBC show in May last year... but his idea was rejected . However, while Approved Food has been a hit online, it was given a resounding thumbs down by the gurus on the BBC TV show Dragons' Den. In May last year, Mr Cluderay, together with his 50-year-old business partner Andy Needham, had asked the Dragons' Den panel for a £150,000 cash injection offering a ten per cent share in Approved Food. However, the Dragons' Den team, which consisted of Duncan Bannatyne, Kelly Hoppen, Deborah Meaden, Piers Linney and Peter Jones, unanimously turned them down. Not to be thwarted, Mr Cluderay and Mr Needham managed to source £400,000 through loans and investments from elsewhere which has seen Approved Food achieve a £4million turnover. 'It's all very exciting and we have lots of plans to take the business further,' said father-of-two Mr Cluderay. He said his journey to success began when he was forced to have a career rethink after being made redundant from his job at an IT firm in 2001. Andy's idea didn't excite Dragons' Den investors, from left to right, Duncan Bannatyne, Kelly Hoppen, Deborah Meaden, Piers Linney and Peter Jones . Inside the Approved Food warehouse which stocks a range of products from toilet roll to dog food . Bag a bargain: Slim-Fast mix available for £.199 and 99p pineapple juice are some of the drinks on offer . Together with his wife, Nichola, the pair set up market stalls in Hull, Leeds and Doncaster selling branded chocolate, fizzy drinks and crisps which had been shunned by a range of supermarkets as they were either fast approaching or past their 'best before' date. For six years, come rain or shine, the couple, who hail from Worksop, sourced and sold the goods to a loyal band of shoppers. However, it was after taking delivery of a crate of Twinings nettle tea that Mr Cluderay said he had his 'eureka moment'. 'I suddenly realised that while there might not be the demand for nettle tea in Doncaster, if I could match the goods with customers looking to buy, I'd be on to a winner,' said Mr Cluderay, who has two sons, nine-year-old Rudi and Jay, five. While still working seven days a week on the market stalls, he utilised all his computer skills to start forming a plan to launch his business, Approved Food. Dan Cluderay (right) with his partner Andy Needham at their busy Sheffield Warehouse . Check out: The warehouse in Sheffield is dispatching 600 orders a day . Mr Cluderay also sells household products on his out-of-date goods website . 'I was working on my idea wherever I could,' said Mr Cluderay. 'Even in my son's playroom I'd be beavering away.' It was on 14 August 2008, that Mr Cluderay received his very first order, the day after his website went live. 'I'd collected the names and address of 300 people who I thought would be interested in buying products which are perfectly fine but have have just gone past their sell by date,' he said. 'I was excited sending out the list but even more excited when someone bought something the next day!' Since then, Approved Food has gone from strength to strength as thrifty mothers and other savvy shoppers make the most of items such as loo roll, dog food, sweets and sauces. 'There are only two dates people really need to know about,' explained Mr Cluderay. 'The "best before" date which means that the food will be at its optimum before that date and acts as a guide to the quality, and then there's the "use by" date which is concerned with the safety aspect. 'It's only the "use by" date that means food has to be eaten by then or it could make you ill, which is the case with fish and meat, for example. 'Food is perfectly fine to be eaten way past its "best before" date, as people know, but the large supermarkets won't do that and that's where we come in. Dan reveals how he made his millions by selling out-of-date food on tonight's Bargain Fever Britain . A Twix for 29p and 19p Special K crisps are among the deals on the Approved Food website . Busy, busy, busy: The team prepares to pack hundreds of items proving popular with shoppers . 'We sell food, such as cans of baked beans, pasta sauce, tins of tuna, which may have gone past their "best before" date by a few weeks, but everyone knows they will taste just the same as the products which have weeks left to run.' Mr Cluderay said they dispatch around 600 orders a day with his average shopper spending around £40 a week buying cupboard staples such as pasta, pasta sauce, flour and toilet rolls. 'By comparison, they'd be spending around £100 at one of the major supermarkets so they're actually saving around £60 which they can then spend on something else. 'We don't touch food that has a limited shelf life such as fresh chicken and fresh fish, but we do sell hardy vegetables.' Currently operating from a huge warehouse in Sheffield and employing 50 full-time staff, he says he can imagine a time when they have bases around the world. 'I can imagine warehouses in many countries. The Germans in particular are very savvy shoppers and love branded goods, they also love English chocolate, so we get a lot of orders,' he said. 'We also sell huge Polish chocolate bars, which cost around ten pence each to buy from us which is also extremely popular. 'Our biggest customers are by far and away mothers as they're the ones usually in charge of the purse strings and are always thinking how to feed their families. If they're happy, then so are we.' Mr Cluderay and Approved Food will be featured on the television programme Bargain Fever Britain tonight on ITV at 8pm. The show takes a look at the UK's insatiable appetite for deals and discounts and will also go behind the scenes at American wholesale giant Costco, car supermarket Motorpoint and the shoe chain Shoe Zone. USE BY... You will see 'use by' dates on food that goes off quickly, such as smoked fish, meat products and ready-prepared salads. Don't use any food or drink after the end of the 'use by' date on the label, even if it looks and smells fine. This is because using it after this date could put your health at risk. For the 'use by' date to be a valid guide, you must follow storage instructions such as ‘keep in a refrigerator’. If you don't follow these instructions, the food will spoil more quickly and you may risk food poisoning. Once a food with a ‘use by’ date on it has been opened, you also need to follow any instructions such as ‘eat within three days of opening’. But remember, if the ‘use by’ is tomorrow, then you must use the food by the end of tomorrow, even if the label says ‘eat within a week of opening’ and you have only opened the food today. If a food can be frozen its life can be extended beyond the ‘use by’ date. But make sure you follow any instructions on the pack, such as ‘cook from frozen’ or ‘defrost thoroughly before use and use within 24 hours’. Shoppers should make sure they don't risk their health by eating goods after the end of its use-by date . BEST BEFORE... ‘Best before’ dates appear on a wide range of frozen, dried, tinned and other foods. ‘Best before’ dates are about quality, not safety. When the date is passed, it doesn't mean that the food will be harmful, but it might begin to lose its flavour and texture. Eggs can be eaten after their ‘best before’ date as long as they are cooked thoroughly until both yolk and white are solid, or if they are used in dishes where they will be fully cooked such as a cake. Cooking eggs until both the white and yolk are solid will kill any bacteria, such as salmonella. People who are in ‘at-risk’ groups should only eat eggs, or food containing eggs, that have been thoroughly cooked. These groups include: babies and toddlers; elderly people; pregnant women; people who are already unwell. Every year in the UK we throw away 7.2m tonnes of food and drink, most of which could have been eaten. So think carefully before throwing away food past its ‘best before’ date. Remember, the ‘best before’ date will only be accurate if the food is stored according to the instructions on the label, such as ‘store in a cool dry place’ or ‘keep in the fridge once opened’. DISPLAY UNTIL/ SELL BY... Date marks such as ‘display until’ or ‘sell by’ often appear near or next to the ‘best before’ or ‘use by’ date. These are instructions for shop staff, not for shoppers. The important dates for you to look for are the ‘use by’ and ‘best before’ dates. Information on the NHS website . | Dan Cluderay specialises in selling out-of-date food . Market stall proved such a success he moved business to the internet . Dad-of-two was turned down for cash injection by TV show Dragons' Den . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Michael Clarke is readying Australia for a tough test against Sri Lanka as the likely Pool A qualifiers jockey for quarter-final opponents. Both teams can be confident, whatever the outcome in Sydney on Sunday, that they have obvious prospects of reaching the knockout stages. Who they will face in the last eight is yet to be determined, however. Michael Clarke is readying Australia for a tough test against Sri Lanka . Clarke (centre) celebrates with his team-mates as Australia beat Afghanistan on Wednesday . Captain Clarke stressed in his column for Australian tabloid, the Daily Telegraph, that the co-hosts must step up again after their run-fest victory over Afghanistan in Perth on Wednesday. 'Now we must maintain that same attention to detail against an experienced and talented Sri Lanka at the SCG, a game that will play a huge role in who we play against in the quarter-finals. 'Sri Lanka are high on confidence. Clarke said his team-mates must step up again against Sri Lanka following their easy win over Afghanistan . 'They've been playing some really good cricket, scoring a lot of runs and had a wonderful win against England.' Sri Lanka chased more than 300 to beat England by nine wickets in Wellington last weekend, but are hampered in their preparations this time by injury issues. | Michael Clarke is readying Australia for tough Sri Lanka test . Both teams have an excellent chance of qualifying from Pool A . |
How was Elon Musk involved in Paypal? | Individuals whom the media refers to as members of the PayPal Mafia include:
Peter Thiel, PayPal founder and former chief executive officer who is sometimes referred to as the "don" of the PayPal Mafia
Max Levchin, founder and chief technology officer at PayPal
Elon Musk, co-founder of Zip2, founder of X.com which merged with Confinity to form PayPal. Musk later founded SpaceX, co-founded Tesla, Inc., co-founded OpenAI, Neuralink, founded The Boring Company, and became owner of Twitter, Inc.
David O. Sacks, former PayPal COO who later founded Geni.com and Yammer
Scott Banister, early advisor and board member at PayPal.
Roelof Botha, former PayPal CFO who later became a partner and Senior Steward of venture capital firm Sequoia Capital
Steve Chen, former PayPal engineer who co-founded YouTube.
Reid Hoffman, former executive vice president who later founded LinkedIn and was an early investor in Facebook, Aviary
Ken Howery, former PayPal CFO who became a partner at Founders Fund
Chad Hurley, former PayPal web designer who co-founded YouTube
Eric M. Jackson, who wrote the book The PayPal Wars and became chief executive officer of WND Books and co-founded CapLinked
Jawed Karim, former PayPal engineer who co-founded YouTube
Jared Kopf, former PayPal (executive assistant to Peter Thiel) who co-founded Slide, HomeRun and NextRoll
Dave McClure, former PayPal marketing director, a super angel investor for start up companies
Andrew McCormack, co-founder of Valar Ventures
Luke Nosek, PayPal co-founder and former vice president of marketing and strategy, became a partner at Founders Fund with Peter Thiel and Ken Howery
Keith Rabois, former executive at PayPal who later worked at LinkedIn, Slide, Square, Khosla Ventures, and currently with Peter Thiel at Founders Fund, and personally invested in Tokbox, Xoom, Slide, LinkedIn, Geni, Room 9 Entertainment, YouTube, and Yelp
Jack Selby, former vice president of corporate and international development at PayPal who co-founded Clarium Capital with Peter Thiel, later becoming managing director of Grandmaster Capital Management
Premal Shah, former product manager at PayPal, became the founding president of Kiva.org
Russel Simmons, former PayPal engineer who co-founded Yelp Inc.
Jeremy Stoppelman, former vice president of technology at PayPal who later co-founded Yelp
Yishan Wong, former engineering manager at PayPal, later worked at Facebook and became the CEO of Reddit | Elon Musk founded X.com, which merged with Confinity to form Paypal. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | If you needed another reason to like the members of New York's Bravest, you've got it. Some firefighters in New York City have created Instagram accounts for their firehouse cats and they have already gained more than 25,000 followers. The firehouse felines, Boogie of Ladder 24 in Midtown and Carlow of Yorkville’s Tower Ladder 13. are gaining more followers by the second. Scroll down for video . Carlow's cat colleague Boogie lives at Ladder 24 in Midtown and tries to squeeze in naps between shifts . The cats both have popular Instagram accounts and they now have more than 25,000 followers between them . FDNY firehouse feline Carlow, an orange and white tabby, calls Yorkville’s Tower Ladder 13 station home . Carlow, who was named after a pub near the firehouse, is 'really a firehouse dog trapped in a cats body' Carlow is an orange and white tabby, while Boogie is mostly black with a white face, paws and chest. Boogie's profile reads: 'Hey Meow! I'm Boogie, living in midtown meowdness right meow. 'Controlling my turf on 31st street meow with my cats in E1/L24. 'Follow Me-Ow!' Boogie, who is black with a white face, is usually 'controlling my turf on 31st street meow with my cats in E1/L24' Carlow's namesake, Carlow East, is a bar on Lexington Avenue between 84th and 85th streets . Carlow's profile is similar: 'My name is Carlow. 'I live in a firehouse in Yorkville Manhattan. 'Named after the local pub. I'm really a firehouse dog trapped in a cats body.' Carlow East is a bar on Lexington Avenue between 84th and 85th streets. A firefighter at another Manhattan firehouse also picked up a cat recently, DNAinfo reported. The pictures of both of the feisty firehouse felines give a new meaning to the idea of 'rescues cats' A firefighter at a third Manhattan firehouse picked up a cat recently so another account could be on the way . | One of the cats is Boogie of Ladder 24 in Midtown . The other firehouse feline is Carlow of Yorkville’s Tower Ladder 13 . Instagram accounts for the cats have more than 25,000 followers combined . A firefighter at another Manhattan firehouse also picked up a cat recently . |
Where can you find Lygodactylus gutturalis? | Lygodactylus gutturalis, also known as the Uganda dwarf gecko or chevron-throated dwarf gecko, is a species of gecko. It is widely distributed in Sub-Saharan Africa from near the Equator northward. Subspecies Lygodactylus gutturalis dysmicus is endemic to Cameroon, and subspecies Lygodactylus gutturalis paurospilus to Tanzania. | Lygodactylus gutturalis is a species of gecko commonly found in Sub-Saharan Africa from near the Equator northward. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | From suggestive remarks to wandering hands, Britain’s offices have long been home to the occasional oversexed boss. These days, however, there is one big difference – the manager ogling junior staff may well be a she. And instead of harassing their female co-workers, men appear more likely than ever to be the ones being fondled or wolf-whistled at. Power: Judi James claimed women bosses are now more likely than men to flout workplace etiquette - an issue famously portrayed by Demi Moore in the 1994 erotic thriller Disclosure . Experts say the trend is being fuelled by the growing number of women in positions of power – some of whom feel it is ‘payback time’. The issue was famously portrayed in 1994 erotic thriller Disclosure, in which Demi Moore plays a sex-hungry boss who pursues her male colleague, played by Michael Douglas – then sues him for harassment when he turns her down. Yesterday, communication and body language specialist Judi James claimed women bosses are now more likely than men to flout workplace etiquette. She added that the thrill of being in charge affects their behaviour, with some viewing it as revenge for years of sexual inequality in the workplace. Others think nothing of touching a colleague’s bottom, she said, and believe male co-workers should be glad of the attention. Pests: The issue has more recently been shown in the Horrible Bosses films - and is apparently on the increase, according to Miss James, who advised firms on office behaviour . Miss James, who advises firms on office behaviour, added: ‘If I go into a company and someone’s bum’s being mentioned, or pinched, or there’s noises or looks as they walk past, I’d say these days it’s more likely to be a woman boss.’ Horrible Bosses 2 is out on Blu-ray and DVD now. | Judi James claims women bosses more likely to flout workplace etiquette . Communication and body language specialist says some see it as revenge . Other female bosses believe the man should be glad of the attention . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Newcastle will watch FC Sion striker Moussa Konate in action today as they consider a summer move. The 21-year-old Senegal international, who is due to line up against Young Boys of Berne, has scored six goals in 14 games this season and Newcastle head of recruitment Steve Nixon is due to take a closer look. Konate first attracted English clubs' interest while playing for his country's Olympic side in 2012 where he scored five goals in four games and finished as the tournament's second top scorer. Newcastle United are sending their scouts to check on FC Sion striker Moussa Konate this weekend . English clubs West Ham, Fulham and Aston Villa have tracked Konate, who was on loan at Genoa last season . West Ham, Fulham and Aston Villa have all tracked his career at various stages. Newcastle have checked on Aleksandar Mitrovic at Anderlecht, Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang of Borussia Dortmund, Marseille's Andre Ayew and Burnley's Danny Ings but fear they could miss out on all in the summer and are weighing up alternatives. Konate is quick and 6ft tall. He can play on either wing and as a central striker and replaced West Ham's Diafra Sakho in Senegal's Africa Cup of Nations squad. Newcastle have checked on Borussia Dortmund's Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang (left, wearing a Batman mask) | Moussa Konate has scored six times in Switzerland this season . Senegal forward an option for Newcastle United this summer . Newcastle have looked at several of Europe's top strikers . But Konate is seen as an option if other deals fail to materialise . |
What are the five biggest centers of Sufism? | Sufism in Bangladesh is more or less similar to that in the whole Indian subcontinent. India, it is claimed, is one of the five great centers of Sufism, the other four being Persia (including central Asia), Baghdad, Syria, and North Africa. Sufi saints flourished in Hindustan (India) preaching the mystic teachings of Sufism that easily reached the common people, especially the spiritual truth seekers in India. Sufism in Bangladesh is also called pirism, after the pirs or teachers in the Sufi tradition (also called Fakir). | The five main centers of Sufism are India, Persia, Baghdad, Syria, and North Africa. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Arsenal’s talisman forward Alexis Sanchez has taken some time out during the international break to showcase his piano skills. The Chile international treated his fans on Instagram to a rendition of John Legend’s chart topping ‘All of me’ on the piano. The 26-year-old is evidently a talented musician, having played the piano for his team-mates at the Arsenal Christmas party earlier this season. Arsenal forward Alexis Sanchez uploaded this video of him playing the piano onto his Instagram page . The 26-year-old, in training with Chile on Wednesday, has scored 19 goals for club side Arsenal this season . Gunners team-mate Lukas Podolski, on loan at Inter Milan, posted a video with Sanchez performing Richard Marx's 'Right Here Waiting' back in December and he's clearly been practising since. Sanchez is now on international duty with his homeland Chile, who play Iran in St. Polten on Thursday and Brazil in London on Sunday. The rapid forward has been a sensation for Arsenal this season, since signing from Barcelona last summer, and has instantly adapted to life in the Premier League with 19 goals. Fans who follow Sanchez on Instagram were treated to a rendition of 'All of me' on the piano by the Chilean . The 26-year-old, in action for the Gunners against Newcastle on Saturday, has been in exceptional form . Alexis Sanchez looks at the camera as he serenades Lukas Podolski at the Arsenal Christmas party . | Alexis Sanchez is currently away with Chile on international duty . Chile play Iran in St. Polten on Thursday and Brazil in London on Sunday . The Arsenal forward has scored 19 goals for the Gunners this season . CLICK HERE for all the latest Arsenal news . |
Given this reference on Yorkshire Terriers, tell me where they originate from, and what are their typical size and color. | The Yorkshire Terrier is a British breed of toy dog of terrier type. It is among the smallest of the terriers and indeed of all dog breeds, with a weight of no more than 3.2 kg. It originated in the nineteenth century in the English county of Yorkshire, for which it is named. Their coats are typically tan on the head with a dark steel-grey body, but they can come in a variety of colors.
It is a playful and energetic dog, usually kept as a companion dog. It has contributed to the development of other breeds including the Silky Terrier, and also to cross-breeds such as the Yorkipoo. | Yorkshire Terrier originated from English county of Yorkshire, it has a small size with weight of no more than 3.2 kg. They have a variety of colors but typically their coats are tan on the head and dark steel-grey on the body. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A public memorial will be held on Friday for popular Australian blogger the 'Wellness Warrior', who died of cancer at the age of 30 after seven years of sharing her battle with the disease. Jessica Ainscough, 30, passed away last week after a long battle with a rare and aggressive form of cancer called epithelioid sarcoma, which she chose to fight with natural and often controversial methods. When Ms Ainscough was diagnosed at the age of 22, she tried conventional treatments but when her cancer resurfaced she opted instead for a natural treatment called Gerson Therapy which involves drinking raw juices and coffee enemas. Ms Ainscough's family spoke out about online backlash she faced as a result of her views on alternative medicine in a statement published in the Queensland Times - saying that when her cancer returned in 2014 she again tried conventional treatment but it did not help. Scroll down for video . Popular Australian blogger Jessica Ainscough, the 'Wellness Warrior', has died of cancer at the age of 30 . 'It has been speculated by people who have never met or treated Jess that, had she chosen to amputate her arm or undergo further conventional treatment, her chances of survival would have increased,' they said. 'Her treating oncologists do not agree with this uninformed view.' Ms Ainscough was cremated in a private ceremony on Monday, and her public memorial will be held Lifepointe Baptist Church, at Buderim on the Sunshine Coast, at 10am on Friday. Her family have requested donations be made to animal rescue group Edgar's Mission in lieu of flowers. Ms Ainscough's father Col Ainscough said the family was deeply appreciative of the love and support coming in from around the world. 'I'm so proud of my beautiful daughter for her achievements, style, grace, sincerity and affection. I'm devastated although comforted to know that she is now reunited with my wife, Sharyn,' Mr Ainscough said. Her partner Tallon Pamenter said his heart was broken. 'But I feel incredibly blessed to have experienced a love and connection few are lucky enough to have,' Mr Pamenter said. 'Jess and I shared the highest of highs and lowest of lows, and because of this we developed a love so deep that I will forever be grateful for.' Ms Ainscough adopted a strict vegan diet, and additional supplements to 'heal' her body without chemotherapy. Ms Ainscough's mother was diagnosed with cancer, and after embracing Gerson therapy, died in 2013 . Ms Ainscough detailed her journey with the method on her popular blog, 'The Wellness Warrior' 'I didn't chop off my arm. I didn't go into aggressive, full-body chemotherapy. I didn't accept that my doctor's 'solution' was the only course of action,' she wrote on her Wellness Warrior blog. 'I decided that I would do everything in my power to thrive in life, in spite of the looming expiration date I'd been given. I learned how to treat myself with absolute kindness & self-respect. I radicalised my diet. I systematically detoxified my body — and mind.' Ms Ainscough's approach has no scientific support but has garnered enthusiastic adoption from a small proportion of cancer sufferers around the world. 'Somewhere along the way, I realised that I was more than a 'cancer story' — I was a leader, a role model, an educator, and a champion,' she wrote on her blog. 'Part of an empowering wellness revolution, sweeping the planet. Someone who could change lives & provide HOPE — simply by showing up, and telling my story.' Ms Ainscough detailed her journey with the method on her popular blog, attracting thousands of followers on social media and publishing a book called 'Make Peace with Your Plate'. When Ms Ainscough was diagnosed at the age of 22, she refused conventional treatment . Her unusual approach to fighting cancer attracted significant criticism from the public, and bodies such as the Cancer Council. 'The data that are available are not sufficient to warrant claims that the Gerson therapy is effective as an adjuvant to other cancer therapies or as a cure,' a page on the Cancer Council's website says. 'At this time, the use of the Gerson therapy in the treatment of cancer patients cannot be recommended outside the context of well-designed clinical trials.' Her mother was diagnosed with cancer in 2012, and, inspired by Ms Ainscough's success, also adopted the Gerson Therapy method. The alternative treatment did not work, and her mother passed away in 2013, an event which Ms Ainscough said brought her to her knees. 'I've been challenged, frightened, and cracked open in ways I never had before. After my mum died at the end of last year, my heart was shattered and it's still in a million pieces,' she wrote on her blog in December last year. 'I had no idea how to function without her, and it turns out my body didn't either. For the first time in my almost seven year journey with cancer, this year I've been really unwell,' she wrote. 'I've been challenged, frightened, and cracked open in ways I never had before,' said Ms Ainscough on her blog . Ms Ainscough wrote in her last blog post that she expected to be writing again in January . 'I've lived with cancer since 2008 and for most of those years my condition was totally stable. When my mum became really ill, my cancer started to become aggressive again. After she died, things really started flaring up.' Ms Ainscough reportedly began pursuing conventional treatments after she suffered through ten months of constant bleeding from the tumours in her arm and shoulder. 'This has been a game-changer for me and also very strange. Some weeks I've felt nothing but overwhelming sadness, others I've been really bitter and angry,' she wrote. 'I've also spent my time doing lots of research into treatment options. I've been speaking to doctors, healers, and specialists and I've been completely opening myself up to attracting the right people who will help me heal – whether they are from the natural medicine world or conventional,' 'My beliefs have been completely shaken up and I've had to drop any remnants of fear and ego that were preventing me from exploring these options sooner.' Ms Ainscough wrote in her last blog post that she expected to be writing again in January. Her website now features a photograph of Ms Ainscough, with the memorium 'On February 26th, 2015, the world lost one of its brightest sparks'. 'After 30 years, seven of which were spent thriving with cancer, Jess Ainscough peacefully passed away.' To read Cancer Australia's information on complementary and alternative therapies, please visit their website. | Jessica Ainscough, The Wellness Warrior, was a popular Aussie blogger . She died of a rare and agressive form of cancer, epithelioid sarcoma . Ms Ainscough was diagnosed at 22 and embraced the alternative Gerson Therapy method to rid toxins in body . She died on Thursday after a seven-year battle with the cancer . Ms Ainscough will be remembered at a public memorial on Friday . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Unbeaten UFC champion Ronda Rousey's foray from the Octagon into action films has received rave reviews from Hollywood co-stars including Vin Diesel and Michelle Rodriguez. The UFC Women's Bantamweight Champion has followed up her appearance in Sylvester Stallone's The Expendables 3 with a butt-kicking role in the latest Fast and Furious installment. A behind-the-scenes preview shows the 28-year-old American trading some serious blows with actress Rodriguez in what producer Neal H Moritz described as 'one of the best fights we've ever had in the franchise'. Ronda Rousey (right) stars in a girl fight scene with Michelle Rodriguez in Fast and Furious 7 . The UFC superstar has taken another Hollywood role after appearing in The Expendables 3 . Rousey admits she 'can't wait to see the shock factor' following what's been described as one of the franchise's best ever fight scenes . The former Olympic Judo champion has be hailed by the producer and her co-stars . Rousey referred to the clash between the two women wearing expensive gowns in a penthouse suite as 'like a super oestrogen-pumped fight scene and I I can't wait to see the shock factor.' Her celebrity co-stars were equally impressed by the first US woman to win an Olympic gold medal in Judo, at the 2008 Beijing Games. 'I think the Ronda Rousey aspect is the game changer,' said Rodriguez - who finished filming the scene with a high-five congratulations following Rousey's knockout blow. Hollywood actress Rodriguez claims Rousey's appearance in the film is 'a game changer' Rodriguez and Rousey roll around on the floor during the celebrated fight scene . Leading man Vin Diesel claims he always knew Rousey would have 'a very special moment' 'I just love Ronda Rousey and I knew she was going to have a very special moment,' added leading man Diesel. Rousey currently boasts an 11-0 record in the sport having defeated Cat Zingano in just 14 seconds in her most recent contest on February 28. However, she recently quashed talk of the prospect of her ever fighting a male opponent in UFC. 'There should never (be) a venue where we're celebrating a man hitting a woman,' she said. The 28-year-old celebrates after defeating Cat Zingano in her last appearance in the Octagon . | UFC champion Ronda Rousey is unbeaten in 11 Octagon fights . She has followed her film appearance in The Expendables 3 with a role in Fast and Furious 7 . The 28-year-old's fight scene with Michelle Rodriguez has been described as 'one of the best fights we've ever had in the franchise' |
What is The Dark Side of the Moon? | The Dark Side of the Moon is the eighth studio album by the English rock band Pink Floyd, released on 1 March 1973 by Harvest Records. Developed during live performances before recording began, it was conceived as a concept album that would focus on the pressures faced by the band during their arduous lifestyle, and also deal with the mental health problems of former band member Syd Barrett, who departed the group in 1968. New material was recorded in two sessions in 1972 and 1973 at EMI Studios (now Abbey Road Studios) in London. | The Dark Side of the Moon is Pink Floyd's 8th studio album. It is about the band's difficult lifestyle and touches on the mental health problems of former band member Syd Barrett. |
Extract the names of villages in the commune of Dăeni from the text. Separate them with a comma. | Dăeni is a commune in Tulcea County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. It is composed of a single village, Dăeni. | Dăeni |
What is the Six Flags Great Escape Lodge | Six Flags Great Escape Lodge & Indoor Waterpark is a resort and waterpark, located in Queensbury, New York that first opened in 2006. The resort is owned and operated by Six Flags.
History
The resort officially opened on February 7, 2006 and became the first one in the state of New York to feature an indoor waterpark. It features 200 rooms and a 38,000-square-foot water park called White Water Bay. The park is opened year-round and constant 80-degree water temperature. On the other side across US 9 is the Six Flags theme park, Great Escape. This is the second resort the company has built, the first being Lodge on the Lake next to Darien Lake that opened in 1998. In November 2012, it announced an annual event, Holiday in the Lodge, to celebrate Christmas. | Six Flags Great Escape Lodge & Indoor Waterpark is a resort and waterpark, located in Queensbury, New York that first opened in 2006. The resort is owned and operated by Six Flags. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A grandmother has voiced her fury after her nine-year-old grandson was given the same mobile phone number as a Melbourne brothel . Margaret told Perth radio station 6PR on Wednesday morning that she was outraged after getting word of the apparent mishap. The Western Australian woman had contacted the station after the show discussed West Coast Eagles player Nic Naitanui also reportedly received an identical number to somebody else, reports Sydney Morning Herald. A Western Australian grandmother has revealed her grandson was given the same mobile phone number as a Melbourne brothel . 'All these men kept calling and ...I tell you what I was livid,' Margaret told the radio station. 'It was such a shock because he couldn't understand it and I couldn't understand it.' She told the radio station the nine-year-old received scores of calls from would be customers. Margaret contacted 6PR after an anonymous caller dialled the station to say someone in Queensland had accidentally received the same number as Naitanui. 6PR breakfast announcer Basil Zempilas dialled Naitanui to verify the claim. When they contacted the 24-year-old, he reportedly told them he was baffled by the occurrence and had decided to buy a new phone. West Coast Eagles player Nic Naitanui, who was also recently given the same mobile number as another person . ''He said he had no idea how it happened and nobody could explain how it happened,' Zempilas said. Fairfax reported that a failure within the provisioning system of the telco company would be responsible for the improbable mix-up. | Grandmother Margaret contacted Perth station 6PR on Wednesday . She said she was 'livid' after her grandson started receiving the calls . AFL player Nic Naitanui also got the same number as somebody else . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Tim Sherwood's arrival at Aston Villa has given the squad a new lease of life, according to experienced goalkeeper Shay Given. After a disappointing start to his reign, in which the Villans lost two Premier League games in a row, Sherwood has turned it around with two Midlands derby wins over West Brom, first in the league and then in the quarter finals of the FA Cup. And Given, who was in goal for the latter of the two victories, admits that at half-time in Saturday's match, Sherwood wasn't pleased with his side's performance. Tim Sherwood has produced two consecutive victories against West Brom; in the league and FA Cup . Aston Villa players celebrate after Fabian Delph opened the scoring in the FA Cup quarter-final on Saturday . 'He wasn't too happy at half-time,' Given told Stan Collymore on talkSPORT. 'The flip-chart went flying in the dressing room and I think you saw our reaction in the second half, we were much better and caused West Brom a lot of problems. 'But that's what he's there to do. He's given us a rollicking when we've needed it and that's probably the first time he's really let go. I think a few of the lads were a bit shocked, but it got the reaction we needed.' Given and Sherwood have history, too. As a player, the now Villa manager won the Premier League title with Blackburn, and a young Given was also in the squad. Shay Given, who was in goal for the FA Cup win, was quick to praise the Villans' new manager post-match . Gabriel Agbonlahor gestures in celebration towards the Villa fans, who were delighted with the derby win . 'I know Tim from our Blackburn days,' Given continued. 'We were players together and he was a leader then as the captain, he captained Blackburn to the Premier League title, and he's very much the same. 'He's so positive on the training ground, so positive in the stadium and the players are responding to that.' Villa's league win over Tony Pulis' West Brom put some breathing space between them and the bottom three, but there is still a long way to go if they are to avoid the drop. According to Given, Sherwood was a leader on the pitch with Blackburn and he is the same as a manager . Sherwood holds his hands together as he watches the FA Cup quarter-final on Saturday evening . | Tim Sherwood's Aston Villa reign began with two straight defeats . Now, though, the Villans have won consecutive games against West Brom . Shay Given says his arrival has given the squad a new lease of life . The veteran goalkeeper says Sherwood has always been positive, as a player and now as a manager . |
What city is WFSD Radio licensed to? | WFSD-LP (107.9 FM) is a low-power FM radio station broadcasting a Christian inspirational format. Licensed to Tallahassee, Florida, United States, the station is currently owned by Tallahassee First Seventh-day Adventist Church, affiliated with LifeTalk Radio. | WFSD Radio is licensed to Tallahassee, Florida, United States |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)Warning: This article contains offensive language. Slut, ho, hussy, heifer, bitch -- long before I ever heard those words flow in a rap song, I heard them first in my own home, my own neighborhood. And too many times, they were directed toward me or one of my grade-school girlfriends. You see, for generations, black girls have been so conditioned to being called these over-sexualized names -- first by our slave masters, then our mothers, sisters, friends and eventually the world -- that today many times we don't even take offense. We deny our pain or hurt feelings. We even make excuses for the name-callers because it's difficult to decipher, especially for young girls, when the offender means it in a tough love, sisterly kind of way or a "he didn't mean it in that kind of way," as Little League standout Mo'ne Davis said on ESPN's SportsCenter on Monday. She was explaining why she had forgiven Bloomsburg University baseball player Joey Casselberry recently. Davis emailed the university to ask for Casselberry to be reinstated. Here's what he had tweeted after hearing that Disney plans to produce a movie based on Davis' life titled: "Throw Like Mo": . "WHAT A JOKE. That slut got rocked by Nevada." Ugly, jealous, hateful words meant to intimidate and objectify a 13-year-old girl. But Davis was quick to respond with a class beyond her years: "Everyone makes mistakes and everyone deserves a second chance," she told ESPN. "... I know right now he's really hurt and I know how hard he worked to get where he is. I mean, I was pretty hurt on my part but I know he's hurting even more," said Davis, the first girl in Little League World Series history to earn a win and pitch a shutout. Bloomsburg immediately kicked Casselberry off the team but now says it will review the matter. I hope the school sticks to its decision. It was the right call and the university's action spoke volumes about its integrity -- and how it values women and girls. Surely, Bloomsburg University believes that sports are meant to teach more than simply how to hit, catch and run. We talk about using sports to build character, leadership and respect for others. Casselberry seems to have missed those lessons, or maybe he just thinks they don't apply to women. His promising college baseball career doesn't have to end over this mistake. Let the school review the situation next season; see then if Casselberry has had time to truly understand his actions. Good for Davis, for rising above the hateful remark — and also above the outrage on social media, where millions rose to her defense — to offer such a gracious response. But it should go without saying: It's never OK or excusable to attack a successful 13-year-old girl with such a chauvinist remark. Neither little girls, no matter their ethnicity, nor grown women are open targets for sexist, ignorant public attacks. The incident provides a good opportunity, however, for we in the black community to consider how we value our daughters. And we must take note that our sons are watching closely as they try to navigate what it means to respect a young woman today. Men who grow up to disrespect women do not only learn those lessons by watching TV or playing video games. And though it may be convenient to blame pop culture, rap music is not responsible for teaching men to disrespect women. We parents own much of the blame. Overworked, frustrated mothers and fathers often cannot find the words or the courage to have a conversation about sex with their children who are not even teens yet. But that's when the questions start for most kids. Just about every day in my old neighborhood, a playmate would get called out of her name for violating an unspoken rule about how a 9-year-old girl should behave: "Get your trifflin' ass in the house, you little hussy. Why are you dressed like a little slut?" an angry mom would yell down the street. Every little girl I knew heard that rant, including myself. And as kids do, it wasn't long before we were all giggling and calling one another those very same names. I don't really know how other mothers talk to their young daughters, or at least I didn't back then, but in my black neighborhood, often the conversation between mothers and daughters was not pretty. You had two choices: develop a tough skin or believe the ugly words and let your innocence be destroyed by their cruelty, even if unintended. Too many of my friends were destroyed as they struggled with the confusing messages and lack of forthright explanation and support on sexuality. It led to young teenage pregnancies, abusive boyfriends and destructive behavior. Who knows what those beautiful girls, once so full of ambition and curiosity about the world, would have become if they'd been called: beautiful, strong and smart. Maybe they would have been just like Mo'. | Roxanne Jones: Ballplayer called Mo'ne Davis slut in a tweet. She graciously asked his college to reinstate him after he was kicked from team . Jones: Black girls conditioned from young age by culture and even family to accept being called over-sexualized names . She says it's hurtful, confusing, can have long-term effect. Community should recognize the harm this does to young, smart, strong girls . |
Please give me a list of the countries in which Gabribaldi fought according to the text | Giuseppe Maria Garibaldi was an Italian general, patriot, revolutionary and republican. He contributed to Italian unification and the creation of the Kingdom of Italy. He is considered one of the greatest generals of modern times and one of Italy's "fathers of the fatherland", along with Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour, Victor Emmanuel II of Italy and Giuseppe Mazzini. Garibaldi is also known as the "Hero of the Two Worlds" because of his military enterprises in South America and Europe.
Garibaldi was a follower of the Italian nationalist Mazzini and embraced the republican nationalism of the Young Italy movement. He became a supporter of Italian unification under a democratic republican government. However, breaking with Mazzini, he pragmatically allied himself with the monarchist Cavour and Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia in the struggle for independence, subordinating his republican ideals to his nationalist ones until Italy was unified. After participating in an uprising in Piedmont, he was sentenced to death, but escaped and sailed to South America, where he spent 14 years in exile, during which he took part in several wars and learned the art of guerrilla warfare. In 1835 he joined the rebels known as the Ragamuffins (farrapos), in the Ragamuffin War in Brazil, and took up their cause of establishing the Riograndense Republic and later the Catarinense Republic. Garibaldi also became involved in the Uruguayan Civil War, raising an Italian force known as Redshirts, and is still celebrated as an important contributor to Uruguay's reconstitution. | Italy, Brazil, Uruguay |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Oh be still my beating heart. Here we are, standing on the gravel outside the library doors at Highclere Castle, the English stately home in Hampshire that provides the ravishing setting for the television series, Downton Abbey. We are on the very spot where Matthew Crawley asked Lady Mary to marry him in the first Downton Abbey Christmas special, broadcast in 2011. Remember when the violins soared and snowflakes fell? When Matthew got down on one miraculously recovered knee to propose? For many viewers, this was their all-time favourite Downton scene. Scroll down for video . To the manor married: Lady Carnarvon, the real-life equivalent of Downton Abbey’s Cora, in front of Highclere . ‘Well, that wasn’t my favourite scene!’ cries the Countess of Carnarvon, the current chatelaine of Highclere and the real-life equivalent of Downton’s Cora, who’s Countess of Grantham. ‘The crew were using ash to recreate the snow. It got inside the house and we had to spend ages dusting and cleaning the rooms. And the smell! Very acrid. We reached the point where we had to stop them doing it.’ Lady Carnarvon has always been quite frank about the travails of letting a film crew loose inside her beautiful home. On the plus side, there are the location fees and increased visitor traffic; the crowds paying £20 a head to goggle at the splendour of her Highclere interiors and the red velvet sofas where the Crawleys gather to take tea. ‘Yes. It’s like that show, Poke Your Nose Through The Keyhole,’ she says. On the downside, damage and disruption. ‘I do get annoyed when visitors chuck litter about, but my husband goes around picking it up. We fill black bags with the stuff.’ And since the very first day of Downton filming, when a technician smashed a much-loved green objet de vertu trinket box, she has been on red alert for transgressions. When she is not telling the crew that she pops open the champagne the minute they leave, she is issuing instructions on the correct way to move precious antique furniture. ‘You lift a girl in your arms and a chair by its bottom,’ she will say. As Carson the butler (‘Oh, I adore him, he is divine’) would no doubt agree, the problem with having high standards is that so few manage to live up to them. Another who has incurred her displeasure is Ralph Lauren. The wealthy American designer and his family recently attended a swanky dinner at Highclere, hosted by the Earl and Countess. The Laurens committed the social faux pas of taking numerous photographs of themselves grinning cheesily on the famous Oak Staircase, and elsewhere in sumptuous Highclere, then proudly posting the snaps online. Her ladyship was not best pleased. ‘My interpretation of dinner is having a meal and his interpretation is taking photographs. It seemed to get out of hand. I have to live with that.’ Has she seen the pictures? ‘No and I don’t want to, because I don’t want to be irritated by them. My idea of a nice evening is having a conversation, not taking snaps. I have never knowingly taken a selfie, I am useless at photography. I am just . . . different, I suppose.’ The Countess of Carnarvon is the equivalent of Downton’s Cora, played by Elizabeth McGovern . To whizz down the mile-long drive to Highclere Castle is to travel back in time to a more gracious age. The stately home made famous by Downton has been the ancestral seat of the Earls of Carnarvon since 1679. Flanked by elegant pines planted from seed three centuries ago, the house sits in a rolling landscape designed by Capability Brown. To look upon the soaring architecture of Highclere is to understand the ambition and conceit of the old English upper classes, who once thought that life behind these ramparts of Bath stone, surrounded by Reynolds, Van Dycks and walls covered in green French silk, would go on for ever. Yet even the lavish lifestyle enjoyed by Lord and Lady Grantham in the fictional series is far removed from the realities of today. My dears, in the real Downton, the current chatelaine doesn’t even have a lady’s maid. ‘Certainly not!’ she says. ‘And sadly not, because I would absolutely love one.’ In this house, with more than 300 rooms and ‘about 80’ bedrooms, the servants’ bellboard is still there outside the kitchen, just as it was over 100 years ago. But now, instead of tinkling bells, estate staff are summoned by the crackling walkie-talkie her ladyship carries in her hand. Here, amid her six dogs, her horses, her staff and her husband, Lady Carnarvon gives the impression of a woman who reigns supreme. She was Fiona Aitken before she married Geordie Herbert, the Queen’s godson and soon to be eighth Earl of Carnarvon, 16 years ago. Fiona was a foxy blonde and arch Sloane Ranger. The eldest of six sisters, she was raised in Fulham, West London, and is a trained accountant who once designed and sold crushed velvet evening wraps to other Sloanes. Only two years after they married, she and Geordie took over Highclere when the seventh Earl died. ‘Then you understand that you marry the man and the house,’ she says today. While her husband runs the estate, the jolly, sporty 52-year-old has become the face and force of the real Downton, in charge of monetising the legacy from the popular TV show. In this, she has been enormously successful, writing two best-selling books about previous Carnarvon wives; Almina and Catherine. Lady Carnarvon gives the impression of a woman who reigns supreme, much like Dame Maggie's Dowager Countess of Grantham . She also gives talks all over the world. In Texas next month, the socialite Lynn Wyatt is hosting a champagne Highclere Tea where Texan fans of Downton can meet the countess over cake, all for the price of a £440 ticket. She is quite the draw, happy to take on the ambassadorial role while her husband stays in the background. Right on cue, Lord Carnarvon appears in his Dad jeans and trainers, coffee mug in hand. Seeing that the morning room where we are talking is occupied, he quietly reverses out the door, like a dog in a Crufts obedience trial. ‘He is very shy,’ his wife explains. No one, least of all the couple themselves, imagined that Downton Abbey would be so successful. Now screened in more than 100 countries, it brings Americans and Chinese visitors here in droves. ‘Who would have thought an Edwardian drama beginning in 1912 would have such huge appeal?’ she wonders. Who indeed, but shooting began this week on the sixth Downton series. ‘I am sure they would like to go on making more series,’ she says. ITV director Peter Fincham has told her that he wants Downton to go on for 18 years. ‘That made me gulp.’ The money that flows into the Highclere coffers as a result of the series must surely, however, cushion the blow of domestic disruption. After all, before Downton hit our screens, the Carnarvons admitted that their estate needed £11.75 million of repairs, including £1.8 million of urgent work on the main house. Although the family will not say how much money they get for the rental of the castle for filming, Lord Carnarvon has since said the show had ‘taken the pressure off’ them financially. There is also talk of a Hollywood film, which Lady C does not deny. ‘I try not to lie awake at night worrying about money,’ she says. ‘Obviously, like everyone else, I have a sense of complete panic every so often. I am not in a position where I have so much money I worry about what to do with it.’ On sleepless nights, she roams the Highclere corridors, and likes to sleep in her son’s bed when he is at boarding school. She soothes herself by listening to the Shipping Forecast on Radio 4, feeling grateful that she is not ‘alone in a boat on the ocean’. Lady Carnarvon first met her husband at a dinner party where they bonded over a love of World War I poetry. Her former lover, an eccentric cove called Sir Benjy Slade, had sued her for the return of a pet labrador and claimed she was ‘the ruthless golddigger of the year’. Highclere Castle, the English stately home in Hampshire, provides the ravishing setting for Downton Abbey . It’s far more likely that the Carnarvons were two slightly broken people who made each other complete. He had recently separated from his first wife and two young children; she was grieving over the early death of both her parents. They married in February 1999 and had their son Edward in October; a honeymoon baby for a gilded life. It is to her credit that she does all her work on Highclere in the full knowledge that it is her husband‘s son, not hers, who will inherit the Carnarvon title and all the lands. Edward gets nothing, but that does not bother her. ‘I am not worried. If I make some money from books, that is his. In life it is not what you take, it is what you give that matters most.’ She and Geordie appear to have a healthy working partnership, one that she describes as ‘50/50 with a one per cent swing either way.’ They eat breakfast, lunch and dinner together every day and never get tired of each other. Heaven for them is supper on a tray in front of the television. Her transition from confident and capable young woman to countess is fascinating. ‘I would hate to be considered snobbish,’ she says, although she learned, in the upper class way, to use charm as a weapon to get what she wants. ‘You could walk into somewhere like Highclere and just stand like a petrified creature in the headlights, doing nothing. Or you could take it one step at a time. It is the end, not the journey, that matters.’ A journey that sometimes takes in some aggravating neighbours along the way. ‘I am a woman,’ she says, ‘who knows which battles to fight.’ | The Countess of Carnarvon is the real-life equivalent of Downton’s Cora . |
What's the game engine used by Bethesda before Creation Engine? And what's the last game make with it? | After using the Gamebryo engine to create The Elder Scrolls III: Morrowind, The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion, and Fallout 3, Bethesda decided that Gamebryo's capabilities were becoming too outdated and began work on the Creation Engine for their next game, The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim, by forking the codebase used for Fallout 3.
Following the completion of Skyrim, Bethesda set out to enhance the graphical core of the Creation Engine by first adding a physically based deferred renderer to allow for more dynamic lighting and to paint materials object surfaces with realistic materials. Bethesda worked with technology company Nvidia to implement volumetric lighting through a technique that makes use of hardware tesselation. Additionally the updated version of the Creation Engine powering Bethesda's Fallout 4 offers more advanced character generation. | Gamebryo was the engine used by Bethesda before Creation Engine. It is developed by Gamebase Cot., Ltd and Gamebase USA. Gamebryo is used by numerous companies within the gaming industry.
Bethesda decided that Gamebryo's capabilities were becoming too outdated and began work on the Creation Engine for their next game, The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim, by forking the codebase used for Fallout 3.
The last game from Bethesda made with Gamebryo engine is Fallout 3 (2008). |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)I was in Florida last year when I got a call asking me to pose for a calendar. What? A calendar? As in Sports Illustrated swimsuit? Victoria's Secret angels? Cover girls. Pinups. Movie stars. Glam. I agreed, and now I am Ms. December. But it isn't quite what you think. The caller on the other end that day was Patti Tripathi. She was an anchor at CNN Headline News at a time when there were few Indian-American women in high-profile media jobs. Tripathi has her own media company now, but more recently she launched a nonprofit called Saris to Suits. She was asking me to help. She began by telling me her story. She was 12 when her family immigrated to the United States. Indian parents often have to save a lot of money to ensure a good marriage for their daughter. Tripathi said that was a big reason why her family left. We spoke about similar experiences as Indian teenagers in America. She was not allowed to go to the prom or wear shorts, except to play tennis. She had an 8 p.m. curfew and her father expected she would be married soon after college. Tripathi felt like a burden. She did everything she could to stand on her own. And she did. My father was not as stern but he had a hard time watching his little girl become "Americanized." I, too, longed to be independent, far more so than was expected of a Bengali girl in the 1970s. At an all-girls convent school in Kolkata, I used to climb up three flights of stairs to reach my classroom. On every landing were oversized portraits of national leaders, most of them Indian. Hundreds of girls in white uniforms made the stampede-like dash up the stairwell. It was impossible to stop but I always looked up when I arrived at Indira Gandhi. There she was, in her trademark white sari and what I thought was a Cruella de Vil slice in her hair. In a nation that valued boys more than girls, I was in awe that we had a female prime minister. Gandhi's political career turned out to be less than stellar, but it was 1971 and I was not yet 9 years old. I wanted to grow up to be just like her. Regal. Smart. And most of all, in control of my destiny. I know so many other Indian girls felt the same. We had dreams. Big dreams. We wanted to be someone, do something rewarding with our lives. Yet for so many girls in India, dreams are vanquished by nightmare life scenarios. They are denied education and married off within months of their first period. I have met women who were abducted and forced into prostitution or lived with physically and mentally abusive men. Those problems are not limited to India or the rest of South Asia. They exist in the immigrant communities in the United States, in which abuse and crimes are underreported because of the stigma that still exists. Women are often ashamed to talk about these things. As an Indian-American journalist, I have told stories with hopes of casting light on the world inhabited by many South Asian women. I have mentored girls in my hometown of Kolkata. And always wondered: What else can I do? Some of that desire stems from my own circumstances in life. As a newborn, I was left on the steps of an orphanage in north Kolkata. It happened to be run by an American missionary, Helen Benedict, who happened to meet my adoptive mother at the Indo-American Society. My mother was honing her English speaking skills there. That was in 1962 and my parents were childless after 10 years of marriage. It's not hard to guess the rest of the story. Instead of growing up in harsh surroundings, I was raised in a professor's house. And, instead of a future that might have been filled with darkness, I faced one that was bright. I had loving parents, attended good schools and traveled around the world. There is not a day that goes by when I don't think about the life I might have led had it not been for that fateful meeting between an American missionary and a Bengali woman pining to become a mother. I shared my story with Tripathi and told her I would help. Tripathi put together Saris to Suits as an empowerment tool. She wanted to raise money to help South Asian women. She also wanted to inspire them, she said. They needed strong role models. They needed to know that they could break out of the molds that were cast for them. She was putting together the 2015 Saris to Suits calendar and wanted to feature South Asian women who had found success in America. They were doctors, lawyers, corporate leaders. One was a weightlifter from Pakistan who struggled with balancing her sport and her Muslim attire. Another was Miss America 2014. I felt honored to be in such fine company. I would be the only journalist in the calendar. It would most certainly be my only chance in life to pretend I was a glamour girl. Some of the women opted to wear saris, the traditional dress of India. Some wore salwar kameez, a long tunic and pants. And some of us were in suits or our work attire. The 2014 calendar, the first one Tripathi published, raised money for various organizations that help South Asian women. One of them was Raksha (which means protection). Based in Atlanta, Raksha provides support for the South Asian community in a number of ways. Most of its clients are women who are dealing with abusive marriages, divorce and issues with their children. Raksha's executive director, Aparna Bhattacharyya, told me why the calendar was important. "I think it is a reminder that there are women overcoming obstacles and that they have the potential to achieve their own goals for themselves," she said. "I think it is powerful for young South Asian women to see role models that look like themselves -- role models who are making change and following their dreams." Her words took me back to my school in Kolkata where I gazed upward at Indira Gandhi's face. In it, I found strength. I am of course, a far cry from the likes of Gandhi, but perhaps I can inspire a teenager out there to be the architect of her future. Maybe a young woman in a sari will be able to put on a suit for the first time in her life. Besides, it's kind of cool to be in a calendar. | CNN's Moni Basu shares her story of struggle and success as a South Asian woman . Basu was featured as part of the Saris for Suits calendar, a tool created to empower women . The Saris for Suits campaign aims to create awareness about violence against women in immigrant communities . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)As a controversy over a racist video continues, the University of Oklahoma is announcing a plan to hire a vice president who will oversee diversity programs. A video of a racist chant by the university's now-disbanded Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity made headlines nationwide this week. It shows students on a bus clapping, pumping their fists and laughing as they chant, "There will never be a ni**** SAE. You can hang him from a tree, but he can never sign with me. There will never be a ni**** SAE." In announcing the new position Wednesday night, university President David Boren said he decided to make the hire two months ago -- before the video came to light -- and is in talks with an African-American candidate. The school newspaper and a student organization publicized the nine-second video clip after receiving it via anonymous messages. Shortly after it surfaced, the university cut ties with Sigma Alpha Epsilon, as did the national fraternity. Two students spotted in the video, Parker Rice and Levi Pettit, have been expelled for their alleged leadership role in the chant. "I am deeply sorry for what I did Saturday night. It was wrong and reckless," Rice said Tuesday in a statement to The Dallas Morning News. "I made a horrible mistake by joining into the singing and encouraging others to do the same." A statement from Pettit's parents said their son made a horrible mistake and apologized to African-Americans, students and university faculty. "He is a good boy, but what we saw in those videos is disgusting. While it may be difficult for those who only know Levi from the video to understand, we know his heart, and he is not a racist," Brody and Susan Pettit said. CNN has reached out to both students. A spokesman for the Pettit family confirmed that Levi Pettit was in the video but declined CNN's request for an interview. Boren has ordered a shutdown of the fraternity house in Norman, and said it was no longer affiliated with the university. "Livid, just extremely heartbroken," Jay Vinekar, a founder of the university's SAE chapter, told CNN affiliate KTRK . "I don't want it in my house, and I don't want those people to wear my letters, claiming to represent me. The problem is not just a couple of guys on that bus, the problem is that house, it's a cancer that needs to be cut out." Local SAE alumni apologized on behalf of other members, saying the fraternity has had problems for years. "The OU SAE Board of Trustees has discovered that a horrible cancer entered into the OU chapter of SAE three to four years ago, and was not immediately and totally stopped," the organization said in a statement Wednesday. "It should have been." The fraternity said it is investigating other incidents involving other chapters that were brought to the attention of its national office. It's unclear whether more students will be punished for the video. Boren has said the fraternity won't return during his tenure if he can help it. CNN's Alina Machado, Tristan Smith and Steve Almasy contributed to this report. | University President David Boren says he decided to make the hire two months ago . A video of a racist chant by a university fraternity made headlines nationwide this week . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | When Santiago Wanderers midfielder Marco Medel was summoned by his manager to get stripped and ready for action he would have been hoping to steal the limelight, and he did. But instead of scoring the winning goal or setting up a team-mate the 25-year-old Chile international hit the headlines after picking up an injury just seconds after entering as a second-half substitute. Medel suffered the embarrassment of injuring himself as he jogged on to the pitch before immediately signalling to the bench that he had a problem. Marco Medel was brought on as a second-half substitute for Santiago Wanderers . Medel grimaces as he picks up an injury as soon as he jogs on following the change . The 25-year-old midfiedler goes down injured just seconds after entering the pitch . The Chile international puts his hand to his face as he lies on the ground in pain . Medel had to leave the field on a stretcher just moments after coming on . As soon as he stepped foot on the pitch when he replaced Paolo Tamburrini Medel wore a strained grimace across his face as he realised he wouldn't be able to participate in the match. He motioned towards the dugout to suggest he had snapped his achilles tendon before crumpling to the floor in a heap. The unfortunate Medel had to leave the pitch on a stretcher in what must be one of the shortest ever substitute appearances. Santiago Wanderers ended up drawing the match 0-0 with Universidad de Concepcion in the Chilean top flight to leave the club 12th in the table. | Marco Medel came on as a second-half substitute for Santiago Wanderers . As he jogged on to the pitch he picked up an injury and could not play . Chile international Medel had to leave the field on a stretcher . Santiago Wanderers drew the match 0-0 with Universidad de Concepcion . |
Who is Thomas Jefferson? | Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743 – July 4, 1826) was an American statesman, diplomat, lawyer, architect, philosopher, and Founding Father who served as the third president of the United States from 1801 to 1809. Among the Committee of Five charged by the Second Continental Congress with authoring the Declaration of Independence, Jefferson was the Declaration's primary author. Following the American Revolutionary War and prior to becoming the nation's third president in 1801, Jefferson was the first United States secretary of state under George Washington and then the nation's second vice president under John Adams. | Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743 – July 4, 1826) was an American statesman, diplomat, lawyer, architect, philosopher, and Founding Father who served as the third president of the United States from 1801 to 1809. Among the Committee of Five charged by the Second Continental Congress with authoring the Declaration of Independence, Jefferson was the Declaration's primary author. Following the American Revolutionary War and prior to becoming the nation's third president in 1801, Jefferson was the first United States secretary of state under George Washington and then the nation's second vice president under John Adams.
Among the nation's Founding Fathers, Jefferson is considered unmatched in his intellectual depth and breadth. His passionate writings and advocacy for human rights, including freedom of thought, speech, and religion, were a leading inspiration behind the American Revolution, which ultimately gave rise to the American Revolutionary War, American independence, and the United States Constitution. Jefferson's ideas were globally influential in shaping and inspiring the Age of Enlightenment, which proved transformational in the late 17th and 18th centuries. He was a leading proponent of democracy, republicanism, and individual rights, and produced formative documents and decisions at the state, national, and international levels.
During the American Revolution, Jefferson represented Virginia in the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia, which adopted the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. As a Virginia legislator, he drafted a state law for religious freedom. He served as the second Governor of Virginia from 1779 to 1781, during the Revolutionary War. In 1785, Jefferson was appointed the United States Minister to France, and subsequently, the nation's first secretary of state under President George Washington from 1790 to 1793. Jefferson and James Madison organized the Democratic-Republican Party to oppose the Federalist Party during the formation of the First Party System. With Madison, he anonymously wrote the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions in 1798 and 1799, which sought to strengthen states' rights by nullifying the federal Alien and Sedition Acts.
Jefferson and Federalist John Adams became friends as well as political rivals, serving in the Continental Congress and drafting the Declaration of Independence together. In the 1796 presidential election between the two, Jefferson came in second, which according to electoral procedure at the time, made him vice president to Adams. Jefferson challenged Adams again in 1800 and won the presidency. After his term in office, Jefferson eventually reconciled with Adams and they shared a correspondence that lasted 14 years. He and Adams both died on the same day, July 4, 1826, which was also the 50th anniversary of Declaration of Independence.
As president, Jefferson pursued the nation's shipping and trade interests against Barbary pirates and aggressive British trade policies. Starting in 1803, he promoted a western expansionist policy with the Louisiana Purchase, which doubled the nation's claimed land area. To make room for settlement, Jefferson began the process of Indian tribal removal from the newly acquired territory. As a result of peace negotiations with France, his administration reduced military forces. He was re-elected in 1804, but his second term was beset with difficulties at home, including the trial of former vice president Aaron Burr. In 1807, American foreign trade was diminished when Jefferson implemented the Embargo Act in response to British threats to U.S. shipping. The same year, Jefferson signed the Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves.
Jefferson was a plantation owner, lawyer, and politician, and mastered many disciplines including surveying, mathematics, horticulture, and mechanics. He was also an architect in the Palladian tradition. Jefferson's keen interest in religion and philosophy led to his appointment as president of the American Philosophical Society. He largely shunned organized religion but was influenced by Christianity, Epicureanism, and deism. Jefferson rejected fundamental Christianity, denying Christ's divinity. A philologist, Jefferson knew several languages. He was a prolific letter writer and corresponded with many prominent people, including Edward Carrington, John Taylor of Caroline, and James Madison. In 1785, Jefferson authored Notes on the State of Virginia, considered perhaps the most important American book published before 1800. Jefferson championed the ideals, values, and teachings of the Enlightenment.
Since the 1790s, Jefferson was rumored to have had children by his sister-in-law and slave Sally Hemings, leading to what is known as the Jefferson-Hemings controversy. A 1998 DNA test concluded that one of Sally Hemings's children, Eston Hemings, was of the Jefferson male line. According to scholarly consensus, based on documentary and statistical evaluation, as well as oral history, Jefferson probably fathered at least six children with Hemings, including four that survived to adulthood.
After retiring from public office, Jefferson founded the University of Virginia. Presidential scholars and historians generally praise Jefferson's public achievements, including his advocacy of religious freedom and tolerance in Virginia, his peaceful acquisition of the Louisiana Territory from France without war or controversy, and his ambitious and successful Lewis and Clark Expedition. Some modern historians are critical of Jefferson's personal involvement with slavery. Jefferson is consistently ranked among the top ten presidents of American history. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Gareth Bale insists the intense criticism of his Real Madrid form will fall on deaf ears and he is firmly confident of his elite abilities. Having weathered a storm of whistles from the stands to spearhead Wales to victory in Israel, Bale spoke in assured tones about doing likewise in Spain. Exactly a week ago Bale found his white Bentley under attack from irate Real fans after the Clasico defeat to Barcelona in which influential newspaper Marca scored him zero mark. He has been subjected to boos from the stands and had his £86million pricetag mocked and questioned. Gareth Bale celebrates scoring his first goal of the game during Wales' 3-0 victory against Israel on Saturday . Bale scored a brilliant free-kick as Wales won 3-0 in Israel in the Euro 2016 Group B qualifier . Bale (centre) leads the celebrations after his second-half free kick put Wales 2-0 up against rivals Israel . But in Wales' hugely important Euro 2016 qualifier in Israel Bale was magnificent, scoring twice to move onto 16 in total for his country, level with Cliff Jones, Mark Hughes and Robert Earnshaw, and beyond the great John Charles in the all-time list. And Bale said: 'I don't need to answer the critics. I know, and everyone around me knows, what I can do. 'There are ups and downs in football, you have to take it with a pinch of salt and all you can do is respond with your performances on the pitch, like that. 'I don't feel I need to prove anyone wrong or right, I just need to play my football. 'I love playing for Wales, it's a big honour and the most important thing is I focus on my football. I don't listen to anyone else, what they're saying, just enjoying my football with the boys.' Bale was an image of relaxation as he flew back to Cardiff with his Wales teammates yesterday, smiling, chatting and sharing sweets. He will enjoy some home time before travelling to Madrid. Wales boss Chris Coleman was at the head of the plane perusing tactical notes. Job done in Israel, the manager is already looking forward to the visit of Belgium on June 12. Emerge from that game unscathed and Wales will begin to smell the croissants. A point or more would bring to life the vision of qualifying for France 2016, a first major tournament in more than half a century. That is thanks to a substantial victory in Haifa that removed any lingering doubt this gilded crop possess the ability, application and mental strength to succeed. The performance in winning 3-0 could in future be seen as era-defining. Bale (second left) has struggled to hit the form Madrid supporters want to see from him . Arsenal midfielder Aaron Ramsey (centre) put Wales a goal to the good against Israel in Haifa on Saturday . Liverpool midfielder Joe Allen (right) was impressive for Wales in the encounter against Israel . Wales have been in promising positions before since reaching the 1958 World Cup, but failed. The way they set about business in Israel, who entered the game with a 100 per cent record in Group B, told of a team likely to make history, not repeat it. Plenty of times Coleman has referenced this golden generation, headed by the irrepressible Bale. He set up Aaron Ramsey's opener before scoring the final two goals at the Sammy Ofer Stadium, a wnderful free-kick and composed finish. To a man Wales were composed, Joe Allen particularly good, silencing a feverish atmosphere. The team had also needed to block out some perceived dirty tricks in this desert nation. Coleman revealed there had been a wrong turn and delayed luggage on arrival. Some stadium floodlights also went out as the match neared the final whistle. 'As a player I remember going to places, you know the shenanigans,' he said. 'We arrived on Thursday and the journey from the airport to hotel is 45 minutes. It took us an hour and 55 minutes because our escort 'missed the turn off'. Manager Chris Coleman has heralded his current Wales team as a 'golden generation' The Wales players celebrate at full time as the three points took them to the top of Group B . 'And then our bags arrived three or four hours later. So the games were starting to be played but we said laugh, joke. We used to get angry about it and you walked on the pitch wanting to tear someone in half. Someone gets sent off, you're 2-0 down after 20 minutes and it's all over. 'So we just said, 'Keep calm, we've worked hard to get here, let's not do anything stupid. Be brave with the ball.' We were all of that. I thought we could have won by more.' | Gareth Bale's recent Real Madrid form has been criticised in Spain . Bale rejects the notion that he has anything to prove to his critics . He scored twice as Wales beat Israel 3-0 on Saturday . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A video game fan coughed up blood and dropped dead in a Chinese internet cafe after playing World Of Warcraft for 19 consecutive hours without a break. Wu Tai, 24, went to the unnamed internet cafe in Shanghai to play the latest installment of the role-playing fantasy game alongside other fans of the popular series. CCTV footage shows him sitting in front of the computer and suddenly turning to his left to cough violently, before slumping in his chair and dying in front of shocked fellow gamers. Playing: Wu Tai, 24, went to the unnamed internet cafe in the Chinese capital Shanghai to play the latest installment of the role-playing fantasy game alongside other fans of the popular series . Sick: Footage of the incident shows Mr Wu repeatedly coughing in front of the computer screen before slumping back into his chair . Death: Before the ambulance arrived, Mr Wu collapsed and died while still sitting in front of the computer . Footage of the incident shows Mr Wu repeatedly coughing in front of the computer screen before slumping back into his chair. Horrified fellow gamer Hsin Lo, 20, who was sitting next to him said: 'I suddenly heard him groan and when I turned to see what had happened he was very pale and looked uncomfortable.' 'He was dabbing his mouth with a hankie which had blood on it... I asked him if he was OK and he said he'd felt better and that he would be OK,' he added. Concerned onlookers called an ambulance for Mr Wu, who is understood to have continued playing the video game while waiting for the paramedics, despite clearly being seriously ill. No sign of life: When medical crews arrived they tried to resuscitate Mr Wu but he was already dead . Police clear the internet cafe after Mr Wu collapsed and died having played video games for 19 hours straight . Before the ambulance arrived, Mr Wu was seen looking pale and ill while still sitting in front of the computer. 'I called for an ambulance while my friend went to get some help from staff. But while we waited he just died in front of us, and was nothing for the staff to do,' Mr Hsin said. When medical crews arrived they tried to resuscitate Mr Wu but he was already dead. A police spokesman said: 'An autopsy will determine the cause of death but there seems little doubt his playing on the computer for 19 hours instead of resting contributed to his death.' | Wu Tai, 24, was seen on CCTV playing video games in an internet cafe . Believed to have played World of Warcraft for 19 hours without a break . Witnesses said he started coughing up blood so they called an ambulance . Mr Wu continued playing video games while waiting for the paramedics . But his coughing became more violent and he slumped back in the chair and died before medical teams arrived at the scene . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Manny Pacquiao works up a sweat on a Los Angeles basketball court as the pint-sized Filipino's preparations for his May 2 megafight with Floyd Mayweather ramp up. In spite of his 5ft 6in frame Pacquiao is passionate about basketball and is even an occasional player-coach for the KIA Sorento team in the Philippine Basketball Association's league. So a reporter probably should have known better than to bet Pacquiao he couldn't nail a three-pointer on a crowded court in his United States base. Manny Pacquiao shoots hoops in Los Angeles as he prepares to take on Floyd Mayweather on May 2 . Reporter Elie Seckbach (green and white tracksuit) lost a 100 push-up bet that Pac-Man wouldn't nail a three . The video journalist, Elie Seckbach, said he'd do 100 push-ups if the 36-year-old sunk a maximum from the corner of the court and was good to his word. Pacquiao's shooting form up to that point was sketchy at best, with air balls as common as the sound of swish from the net, although he does sink a backwards shot from the free throw line. On winning the bet, the pound-for-pound legend even stands over the reporter at one point to ensure his push-ups are up to the superfit boxer's standards. Pacquiao shows his skills on the court as he works up a sweat during the countdown to the Las Vegas fight . Pacquiao makes a fool of this opponent as he dribbles through his legs in the video . Colourful reporter Seckbach has form in losing bets with Pacquiao having done the same back in 2010 when Pacquiao delivered a three-pointer in an organised local game. 'Manny Pacquiao - Do not bet him, you will not win,' he said after Pacquiao gave him a fist pump of approval after his push-ups were complete. Pacquiao is attracting a crowd wherever he goes in LA, his base ahead of the richest fight of all time, whether it's shadow boxing in a park or shooting hoops. | Manny Pacquiao is a passionate basketball fan and player . He is an occasional player-coach for a team in the Philippines . A reporter said he'd do 100 push-ups if Pac-Man could shoot a three . Pacquiao is preparing for his May 3 fight with Floyd Mayweather . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Diego Simeone could celebrate getting Atletico Madrid into the quarter-finals of the Champions League by signing a new contract with the club until 2020, according to his sister and representative Natalia. Simeone led Atletico to the league title and the Champions League final last year and has been on the radar of both Manchester United and Manchester City in the past year and Chelsea before they re-hired Jose Mourinho. But it now seems that he will pen a new deal at the Vicente Calderon and disappoint his Premier League suitors. Diego Simeone is poised to extend his contract at Atletico Madrid until 2020, according to his sister . Simeone celebrates after Fernando Torres levelled Atletico's tie with Bayer Leverkusen on Tuesday night . Atletico celebrate after their penalty shootout win over Bayer Leverkusen took them into the quarter-finals . Natalia Simeone told Cadena Cope: ‘We need to enjoy [this victory over Bayer Leverkusen] but if all goes well supporters who love Atletico will have some other good news to celebrate very soon. ‘My brother always makes his decisions based on football. He has a choice to make and I think he has made the right choice. His decisions are always intelligent ones.’ Simeone’s latest wise choice was to give Fernando Torres the last penalty in Atletico Madrid’s dramatic shootout with Bayer Leverkusen on Tuesday night. Torres celebrates after scoring a crucial penalty as Atletico knocked out Bayer Leverkusen in the shootout . Simeone has enjoyed success at Vicente Calderon, winning La Liga and reaching a European final last year . Simeone is hailed by his players after they drew with Barcelona to win the title last season . Simeone makes a point to referee Bjorn Kuipers during the Champions League final in Lisbon last season . VIDEO Simeone proud to again be in Europe's elite . He scored past Leverkusen keeper Bernd Leno piling the pressure on Stefan Kiessling who missed to send the Spanish Champions through. 'I feel like an 11-year-old kid again’ said Torres after an emotional night. ‘I used to experience these games as a fan so I know how they were feeling.’ | Diego Simeone's sister and representative Natalia hints at deal until 2020 . Atletico are into quarter-finals of the Champions League . They beat Bayer Leverkusen on penalties to progress on Tuesday night . Man City had been linked with La Liga-winning manager . Simeone also guided Atletico to Champions League final last season . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Bournemouth winger Matt Ritchie has been given a surprise call-up to Gordon Strachan's Scotland squad for this month's double header against Northern Ireland and Gibraltar. The 25-year-old was born in Gosport but qualifies for the Dark Blues thanks to his Scottish-born father Alex. Fulham striker Ross McCormack and Blackburn hitman Jordan Rhodes have been recalled to Strachan's 26-man squad - but there is no place for new Celtic duo Stuart Armstrong and Gary Mackay-Steven. Bournemouth winger Matt Ritchie has been rewarded with his first call-up to the Scotland squad . The 25-year-old is one of Gordon Strachan's 26-man squad; as is Fulham's Ross McCormack (second left) Ritchie started his career at Portsmouth but also had loan stints at Dagenham & Redbridge, Notts County and Swindon before signing permanently for the Robins in 2011. He was on the move two years later when he switched to Bournemouth and has played an important role as Eddie Howe's side have stormed to the top of the SkyBet Championship. Ritchie has scored 11 times for the Cherries so far this season, including two in a 5-1 win at Fulham a fortnight ago. Strachan's Scotland face Northern Ireland in a friendly and a qualifier against Gibraltar at the end of March . Scotland take on Northern Ireland in a Hampden friendly a week on Wednesday before hosting European Championship qualifying opponents Gibraltar on Sunday, March 29. Strachan's side sit third in Group D with seven points from four games, while Gibraltar - UEFA's newest member - are bottom with no points from the same number of fixtures, having failed to score a single goal while conceding 21. | Gordon Strachan has called up winger Matt Ritchie to his Scotland squad . The 25-year-old Bournemouth man qualifies through his father Alex . Ritchie has scored 11 times for Bournemouth so far this season . Scotland take on Northern Ireland and Gibraltar at the end of March . |
Given a reference text about Justice League Dark, tell me who the main actors are and what roles they played. | Justice League Dark is a 2017 American adult animated science fantasy superhero film produced by Warner Bros. Animation and distributed by Warner Home Video. Featuring the DC Comics team of the same name created by Peter Milligan and Mikel Janín, the film is the 27th of the DC Universe Animated Original Movies and the eighth of the DC Animated Movie Universe. Unlike most installments in the DC Animated Universe Movies series, Justice League Dark features an original premise. The film stars Matt Ryan as John Constantine and Jason O'Mara as Batman, reprising their respective roles from previous media. It was released on Digital HD on January 24, 2017, and on DVD and Blu-ray on February 7.
A sequel, Justice League Dark: Apokolips War, was released in May 2020. | The main actors in Justice League Dark were Matt Ryan and Jason O'Mara. In the film, Matt Ryan is John Constantine and Jason O'Mara is Batman. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | This is the dramatic moment an eagle swooped down and caught a startled duckling for dinner - before bending over to look its poor prey right in the eye. The bald eagle plucked the ruddy duck from the water and was carrying the bird back to a nest with its feet when it turned to take a look. The extraordinary moment was caught on camera by Phil Lanoue, who lives near Murrells Inlet in Huntington Beach State Park, South Carolina. This is the dramatic moment an eagle swooped down and caught a startled duckling for dinner - before bending over to look its poor prey right in the eye . The 60-year-old said: 'I saw the eagle swoop down and hit the water. 'It sat there for a few seconds and I knew it was trying to get something secured in its talons. 'Suddenly the eagle burst up out of the water with a freshly caught duckling. I think the unfortunate victim was a ruddy duck. 'The eagle flew off towards the nest with an evening meal for its babies. The eagle suddenly swoops down and hits the calm water after spotting its prey from the air . After sitting for a few seconds the eagle emerges with a tiny duckling grasped precariously in its talons . Photographer Phil Lanoue said: 'Suddenly the eagle burst up out of the water with a freshly caught duckling. I think the unfortunate victim was a ruddy duck' 'I just couldn't believe it when the eagle looked right back at the duck and stared into its eyes as the poor little guy was being carried away.' The bald eagle is the only eagle unique to North America. They generally eat dead or drying fish, mice, snakes, rabbits and frogs. The huge bird of prey hurries toward a nest, where the little duck will be used to feed hungry chicks . Mr Lanoue said: 'I just couldn't believe it when the eagle looked right back at the duck and stared into its eyes as the poor little guy was being carried away' | Photographs taken at South Carolina's Huntington Beach State Park . Ruddy duck carried to nest by bald eagle to feed hungry chicks . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Phone hacking at Mirror Group newspapers made the crimes of the News of the World look like a ‘cottage industry’, the High Court was told yesterday. Journalists at the Daily Mirror, Sunday Mirror and the People listened in to the private messages of celebrities on a ‘mass industrial scale’, it was claimed. Scores of celebrities including footballer Paul Gascoigne and actress Sadie Frost were targeted thousands of times. Hacking claims: Scores of celebrities including footballer Paul Gascoigne (left) and actress Sadie Frost (right) were targeted thousands of times . In a sign of the scale of the gross intrusion, one reporter is suspected of hacking about 100 people every day for 18 months. And a senior colleague was so desperate for stories he wanted to create an ‘Enigma-type’ code-breaking machine so he could access more messages. The details were revealed yesterday at the start of a civil claim brought by eight claimants, including Gascoigne, Miss Frost and BBC chief Alan Yentob. Details: A civil claim is being brought by eight claimants, including Gascoigne, Miss Frost and BBC chief Alan Yentob (pictured) Mr Justice Mann must assess the extent of phone hacking across the three titles and rule on the level of damages payable to each of the claimants. The newspaper group has already set up a £12million compensation fund. Last month it printed an apology for ‘unwarranted and unacceptable intrusion into people’s private lives’ in the decade up to 2009. Sorry we are not currently accepting comments on this article. | Claims involve reporters at Daily Mirror, Sunday Mirror and People . Celebrities including Paul Gascoigne and Sadie Frost were targeted . One reporter os suspected of hacking 100 people daily for 18 months . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | England resume their Euro 2016 qualification campaign on Friday night when they host Lithuania at Wembley. Roy Hodgson's side go into the game as overwhelming favourites having won all four of their previous matches in Group E. In contrast, Lithuania have collected six points from a possible 12 - with their last result seeing them on the receiving end of a 4-0 thrashing away to Switzerland in November last year. Here, Sportstmail provides a lowdown on everything you need to know about the Three Lions' opponents. *Lithuania are playing England for the first time at senior international level. *They have met seven times in UEFA age-group competitions, with England recording five wins and two draws. Most recently, they beat Lithuania 5-0 at home and 1-0 away in 2015 European U21 Championship qualifying. Ravel Morrison (right) scored twice as England Under 21s beat Lithuania U21s 5-0 in October 2013 . *Lithuania have won only twice in 10 competitive away games - against San Marino and Liechtenstein. *Experienced centre half Marius Zaliukas plays for Rangers and spent last season at Leeds, making nine appearances. *Striker Simonas Stankevicius, 19, is on Leicester’s books, but has yet to make his first-team debut. Experienced Lithuania centre back Marius Zaliukas currently plays for Rangers in the Scottish Championship . *England are one of only four teams still boasting a 100 per cent record in qualifying. The others are Slovakia, Israel and the Czech Republic. *England are unbeaten in 23 Euro and FIFA World Cup qualifying games (W16 D7), stretching back to a 1-0 defeat by Ukraine in Dnipropetrovsk in October 2009. Their last competitive home loss was 3-2 to Croatia in November 2007. Wayne Rooney scored twice as England beat Slovenia 3-1 in their last Euro 2016 qualifier back in November . | England host Lithuania in their Euro 2016 qualifier on Friday night . The meeting will be the first between the two at senior international level . England are unbeaten in 23 Euro and FIFA World Cup qualifying games . |
Given this paragraph about Dill Records, tell me when the group made CDs and who started the record label. | Dill Records was a small punk rock/ska record label based out of Monte Sereno, California, that put out CDs/records from 1989-1998. The name is an allusion to initially the label's only band, Skankin' Pickle. The record label was started by Mike Park, a.k.a. Bruce Lee of Skankin' Pickle. The first other band with a release on Dill Records was the Tantra Monsters (Dill 006) in 1994. After the breakup of Skankin' Pickle, Mike Park continued releasing records, beginning the label Asian Man Records in 1996. Asian Man and Dill Records coexisted until 1998. Asian Man re-released many albums originally released by Dill Records, as all releases are now out of print and Dill Records is no longer in operation. | Dill Records was started by Mike Park and made CDs from 1989 to 1998. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)They are very convincing when they call. They have a Washington phone number and can cite your financial history down to the cent. They say you're under investigation, in danger of losing your home, or worse, your freedom -- unless you pay thousands of dollars on the spot. But they're not real. And you're not in trouble. Not unless you take it seriously. This is a scam. Email your story ideas and tips to [email protected]. A big one. Federal authorities say it's the largest IRS impersonation scam they've ever seen -- swindling victims out of more than $15 million since it began in 2013. "They have information that only the Internal Revenue Service would know about you," said Timothy Camus, deputy inspector general for investigations with the Treasury Department. "It's a byproduct of today's society. There's so much information available on individuals." Using identity theft technology, the thieves have successfully victimized more than 3,000 people in the past two years, although the Treasury Department cautions that number is only documented cases and the true number might be higher. Camus said they've recorded more than 366,000 reports of contact with the scammers, and it's increasing at a rate of 10,000 to 12,000 a week. Authorities believe the thieves are operating out of India, using phishing technology to make it appear they're IRS agents in Washington. Call 1: 'The IRS is filing a lawsuit against you' Call 2: 'Your address is under state investigation' The Federal Trade Commission, which goes after scammers like these from a civil standpoint, and the Treasury Department, which leads the criminal probe, both have open investigations. The largest loss reported was a staggering $500,000, Camus said. Most have lost about $5,000. One of those victims was former NFL player Frank Garcia, who is now a sports radio host in Charlotte, North Carolina. When he got the call, it sounded so authentic, he left the radio station in a panic, scramming to get the money they wanted. 12 scams to avoid . "The only thing running through my head is, I'm going to jail. I'm gonna be on television, in handcuffs, for tax evasion," he recalled. "I had to follow specific steps not to be arrested. That the authorities had been contacted and in fact, they are on the way and will be there in 30 minutes." Garcia says he spent five hours driving to various stores around Charlotte, depositing $500 each time into a PayPal account set up by the woman on the phone. He ended up losing about $4,000. He, and other victims, told CNN the swindlers never let their victims hang up the phone. "I have never been arrested in my life and was very scared," said Kin Ko, a New Jersey resident who lost about $5,000 after he says the impersonator told him he was facing five years in prison, and the IRS was about to confiscate his assets: His car, his house and all the money in his bank account. The person had a badge number, read him an arrest warrant from a nearby police jurisdiction. The thieves are incredibly smart and convincing. They harness stolen identities and use programs such as Google Earth to identity locations where their victims can transfer money. "It sounded as legitimate as could be," said Al Cadenhead, a pastor in North Carolina who also fell victim. "They knew where I was. He told me where to go -- to the Rite Aid, up two streets turn left to the Rite Aid. The names of the streets, it was really just incredible." Cadenhead told CNN he didn't come to his senses until he'd signed over $16,000. Identity theft tops list of consumer complaints . "It was like I came out of a coma and realized this was not normal and this is not how you do business," he said. "I know other people who've heard the story say 'How did a guy with a PhD fall victim?' I was the perfect victim. I've never been audited, never paid a traffic ticket. I don't know how to pay fines. How do I know they aren't stern and serious about everything?" Camus said many people are afraid when they hear from the IRS, so they do whatever the caller says. In December, federal authorities found and arrested two U.S.-based "runners" who admitted to transferring almost a million dollars from pre-paid cards to foreign bank accounts. In many cases, victims are warned and stopped from sending more money by bank tellers or clerks at money wiring locations. Ko said that it was a bank teller who told him this was a scam when the impersonator asked him to go through a second round of depositing money. If you think you have been a victim of an IRS impersonation scam, you can report it to TIGTA's web site or call 800-366-4484. For Frank Garcia, the light came on when the woman on the phone asked him for another $8,000 after he thought his debt had been paid. He says he decided to hang up and await what the woman promised would be an arrest -- which, of course, never came. How hackers are stealing your tax refund . "I felt taken advantage of. I felt small. And I was naive," he said. "I wasn't aware. I didn't understand the system. And didn't blame anybody but myself for not taking more time to understand those things." Often, Camus says, immigrants are targeted and threatened with deportation. The elderly are also a popular target, although the scam has grown so large, people of all ages, income levels and status are getting these calls. Treasury Department officials say if you get one of these calls, the best and simplest way to handle it is to hang up. Camus himself, a Treasury Department investigator, even got one. He told them, "Your time is coming." Watch The Lead with Jake Tapper weekdays at 4pm ET. For the latest on The Lead with Jake Tapper click here. | IRS scam has swindled victims out of more than $15 million since 2013 . Scammers warn of seizing property, prison time . FTC and Treasury department have open investigations . |
What is Cricket? | Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on a field at the center of which is a 22-yard (20-metre) pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two bails balanced on three stumps. The batting side scores runs by striking the ball bowled at one of the wickets with the bat and then running between the wickets, while the bowling and fielding side tries to prevent this (by preventing the ball from leaving the field, and getting the ball to either wicket) and dismiss each batter (so they are "out"). Means of dismissal include being bowled, when the ball hits the stumps and dislodges the bails, and by the fielding side either catching the ball after it is hit by the bat, but before it hits the ground, or hitting a wicket with the ball before a batter can cross the crease in front of the wicket. When ten batters have been dismissed, the innings ends and the teams swap roles. The game is adjudicated by two umpires, aided by a third umpire and match referee in international matches. They communicate with two off-field scorers who record the match's statistical information. | Cricket is a bat and ball game, invented in England. The earliest reference to cricket is in South East England in the mid-16th century. It spread globally with the expansion of the British Empire, with the first international matches in the second half of the 19th century. The game's governing body is the International Cricket Council (ICC), which has over 100 members, twelve of which are full members who play Test matches. The game's rules, the Laws of Cricket, are maintained by Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) in London. The sport is followed primarily in South Asia, Australasia, the United Kingdom, Southern Africa and the West Indies. There are 3 main forms/editions of Cricket: Test matches (usually lasting 5 days), ODI (one day international) usually lasting 6-8 hours, and more recent and popular T20 usually lasting 3-4 hours. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Liverpool have opened talks with Joe Allen over a new signing a new deal. The Wales midfielder, who is recovering from a slight hip problem, has just over two years left on his current terms but he is a player whom Brendan Rodgers wants to keep for the long-term. Allen was one of Rodgers' first signings when he became Liverpool manager in 2012, having previously been a key figure for him at Swansea, and he has continued to fill an important role at Anfield. Joe Allen is set to be offered a new long-term contract by Liverpool, with two years left on his current deal . Brendan Rodgers will be pleased to be extending the stay of a player that he brought with him from Swansea . He has 24 appearances so far this season for Rodgers' top-four chasing side and returns to his former club this weekend as Liverpool look to keep up their good form against Swansea. He missed Liverpool's 0-0 draw with Blackburn Rovers in the FA Cup on Sunday with a minor hip strain but is expected to return for the trip to the Liberty Stadium. Liverpool have won their last four Premier League games including an impressive 2-1 win over champions Manchester City this month. | Joe Allen has two years left on his contract with Liverpool . But the club are now looking to sign him up for a long-term new deal . Brendan Rodgers wants to keep Allen after signing him in 2012 . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Massimo Cellino, the former Leeds United president, will not return to the club until the end of the season. The Football League had disqualified him from running the Championship club until April 10 in January. He decided to step away from the club last month in order to clear his name. However, the Football League have now said that they have 'settled the outstanding disciplinary proceedings' against Cellino and the club and he can return from May 3. Leeds United owner Massimo Cellino will be allowed to return to the club at the end of the season . Cellino was disqualified in January after the the non-disclosure of a tax evasion charge against him in Italy . A league statement read: 'The Football League, Leeds United and Massimo Cellino have settled the outstanding disciplinary proceedings relating to the club's non-disclosure of the Italian Court's judgment regarding Mr Cellino, as required under League regulations. 'The club and Mr Cellino have decided in the interests of the club, its players and supporters not to contest this charge. As a result, Mr Cellino's period of disqualification as a 'relevant person', as defined by the regulations, has now been extended from April 10 until May 3, the day after the conclusion of the 2014/15 league season. Alex Mowatt (left) celebrates after scoring in Leeds 2-1 victory over Ipswich on Wednesday . 'Mr Cellino's right to challenge the decision of the Professional Conduct Committee under Football Association Rule K is unaffected by this settlement. ' Cellino, who took over Leeds towards the end of last season, has decided to independently appeal his Football League disqualification which was initially due to expire on April 10. Cellino recently sold his personal stake in Eleonora Sport - the company he set up to buy Leeds a year ago - and said he would not be returning to the club while he tries to clear his name, giving rise to speculation he could be about to sell up. The Football League has announced it has settled 'disciplinary proceedings' with the Italian businessman . Andrew Umbers, who stepped in as chairman when Cellino's ban began, insists Cellino does not want to sell and that there have not been any approaches, despite interest from Hollywood film star Russell Crowe, a long-standing Leeds fan who asked his Twitter followers if taking over the club would be a good idea and got an overwhelmingly positive response. Leeds' fortunes on the pitch have certainly not been affected by the ownership uncertainty with the 2-1 win over Ipswich at Elland Road on Wednesday night their sixth in nine games, a run which has lifted them clear of the relegation zone and into 15th place. | Italian owner was disqualified from running Leeds United until April 10 . Massimo Cellino returned to Italy to clear his name over undisclosed tax evasion charge . The Football League have extended the disqualification until May 5 after settling 'disciplinary proceedings' |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | With just over a month to go until the mega fight between Manny Pacquiao and Floyd Mayweather, legendary trainer Nacho Beristain believes that 'Pac-Man' has a chance of winning - and gives him a 45 per cent chance. Juan Manuel Marquez's trainer is a fan of the hard-hitting Filipino and likes his intelligence, hand speed and ability to throw combinations. With Mayweather's defence the best in the world, Beristain knows it'll be a tough ask but thinks that if Pacquiao boxes smart then he has an opportunity. Manny Pacquiao (left) and Tim Tebow pose for a photo after the NFL quarterback visited the boxer . 'I believe that Pacquiao has 45 per cent of a chance; Mayweather is the favorite but by very little,' Beristain told ESPN Deportes. 'I always liked more Pacquiao for commercial style, which people pay with pleasure to see him fight, and the other [Mayweather], we already know it, a defensive, style that is kind of weird.' 'On paper who looks the best is Mayweather,' Beristain added. 'The knockout by Juan Manuel of Manny [in 2012]. But Pacquiao has many things in its favour – the speed, and being a smart fighter. Even though people think otherwise, he knows when to shoot his combinations.' Nacho Beristain (right) reckons Pacquiao has a 45 per cent chance of beating Floyd Mayweather in Las Vegas . Juan Manuel Marquez's trainer is a fan of the Filipino but thinks he will need to fight smart to win the bout . With training heavily ongoing for the two fighters, Pacquiao was visited by NFL quarterback Tim Tebow at the gym in Los Angeles. The two athletes have a lot in common, with both of them strong Christians and being born in the Philippines. Tebow took to Instagram to show the stars spending time together during his training session. He posted: 'Awesome being with my Filipino and Christian brother.' Floyd Mayweather is also in full flow with his training regime but took some time out to post a photo where he looked relaxed ahead of the upcoming $300million fight. The two athletes share a lot in common as strong Christians and both being born in the Phillipines . Floyd Mayweather looked relaxed as he posed for a photo as the boxer looks to keep his 100% record going . | Manny Pacquiao and Floyd Mayweather clash in Las Vegas on May 2 . The $300million fight is being billed as the biggest in the history of boxing . Training legend Nacho Beristain says Pacquaio 'has a 45 per cent chance' NFL quarterback visited the Filipino in his Los Angeles gym on Saturday . READ: Mayweather continues to whet the appetite of the boxing world with pump-up video . CLICK HERE for all the latest Pacquiao vs Mayweather news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)UPDATE: Jonathan Hyla said in an phone interview Monday that his interview with Cate Blanchett was mischaracterized when an edited version went viral around the Web last week. "She wasn't upset," he told CNN. "When you watch the entire interview in the full context, you can see she instigates a lot of the ridiculousness that ensues in the interview." Blanchett ended the interview laughing, Hyla said, and "she was in on the joke." This article has been updated and includes the unedited interview. If you're going to interview Cate Blanchett, please have some good questions prepared. Blanchett was talking to Jonathan Hyla of the Australian TV show "The Project" in conjunction with "Cinderella," but Hyla's offbeat questions led to an awkward few minutes. Hyla thought he'd begin the interview on a casual note, saying Blanchett would be a good person to have a beer with. Blanchett was having none of it. "This date is not going well; I do not drink beer," she responded. After some more back-and-forth, with an apparently sometimes testy, sometimes punchy Blanchett trying to steer the topic of conversation back to the film, Hyla finally tried another angle. "How were you able to get that cat to do what you wanted (it) to do on a leash?" he asked about a cat Blanchett's nasty stepmother has in the film. "I tried to put my girlfriend's cat on a leash, and it just never works for me." That was enough for Blanchett. "That's your question? That's your f***ing question?" she asked. She stood up and awkwardly presented her hand. The interview was over. Hyla took it well. He later posted that it was "the best worst interview I've ever done." Hyla later tweeted the unedited interview after an edited version went viral. | A Cate Blanchett interview goes awry . The interviewer tries to ask Blanchett casual questions . But "Cinderella" star seemingly doesn't take well to one of them . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)The U.S. Ambassador to South Korea, Mark Lippert, was attacked in Seoul, and is in stable condition, receiving treatment at a local hospital, according to the U.S. embassy. According to Seoul police, Lippert was slashed on his right cheek and hand with a knife measuring about 10 inches long at 5:42 p.m. ET on Wednesday. A South Korean news agency reported that the suspect was opposed to the joint South Korea-U.S. military drills that launched earlier this week, but Seoul police said the motive for the attack and how it was organized are under investigation. State Department spokeswoman Marie Harf confirmed the ambassador had been attacked while giving a speech in Seoul Thursday morning, and said that the South Korean embassy is coordinating with local law enforcement on the attack. "We strongly condemn this act of violence. The ambassador is being treated at a local hospital. His injuries are not life threatening," she said. South Korean president, Park Geun-hye condemned the attack: "This incident is not only a physical attack on the U.S. ambassador, but an attack on the South Korea-U.S. alliance and it can never be tolerated." She pledged a "thorough investigation and strengthening" of protection. Lippert is a longtime friend and confidant of President Barack Obama, who has been a member of his inner circle since the President's time as senator. According to National Security Council spokeswoman Bernadette Meehan, Obama called Lippert to wish him well. "The President called U.S. Ambassador to the Republic of Korea, Mark Lippert, to tell him that he and his wife Robyn are in his thoughts and prayers, and to wish him the very best for a speedy recovery," Meehan said in a statement. According to local police chief Yoon Myung-seon, the event was organized by the Korea Council For Reconciliation and Cooperation, and the suspect in the attack was a member of the council. According to South Korean news agency Yonhap, the suspect is a 55-year-old man with the last name "Kim," who authorities say was opposed to the joint South Korea-U.S. military drills that kicked off earlier this week. Yonhap reported that the suspect came up from behind, pushed Lippert down on a table and started attacking him. In July 2010, Kim received a suspended two-year prison sentence for throwing a piece of concrete at a Japanese Ambassador to South Korea, Yonhap said. South Korea's YTN news channel reported that Lippert was about to deliver a speech at a breakfast being held at Sejong Hall in Seoul. The report says nothing specific about the attack, only that yelling was heard and then the bloodied ambassador was taken to the hospital. The suspect was reportedly detained and is currently under investigation. Lippert has been close to Obama ever since he arrived in the Senate in 2005. Lippert worked with Obama on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee and traveled the world with the senator as he garnered the foreign policy experience that helped pave the way for his presidential campaign. When Obama declared he would run for president in the 2008 race, Lippert was by his side again, and was on the road with the candidate and ultimately served as the chief foreign policy adviser for the Obama campaign. In 2007, Lippert was deployed as a Naval Reserve Lieutenant to Iraq to work as an intelligence officer with Navy SEALS. A Wall Street Journal profile of the diplomat published that year detailed an anecdote in which Lippert received an email on his Blackberry from then-Sen. Obama which read, "I miss you, brother." Lippert's deployment was not without irony, because he was in Iraq at a time when his boss was actively campaigning against what he said was a "dumb war." After his deployment, Lippert returned to Washington and served as deputy national security adviser and chief of staff for the National Security Council in the Obama White House. In October 2009, however, he decided to return to active duty. He was deployed to Afghanistan and he also served as an intelligence officer for the Naval Special Warfare Development Group in Virginia Beach. "He is a close friend, and I admire and respect his devotion to our country and answering the call to active duty service," Obama said in a statement at the time. Lippert was nominated to be the top Asia policy official in the Pentagon in 2011, amid stories that he had clashed with former national security adviser, retired Gen. James Jones, while he served on the NSC. Bob Woodward reported in his book, "Obama's Wars," that Jones resented Lippert and another former Senate aide Denis McDonough, who later was to become White House chief of staff, referring to them as part of the "politburo" who he thought thwarted the effective framing of policy. Woodward reported in the book that Obama affectionately referred to the two close aides by the Dr. Seuss nickname of "Thing One and Thing Two." Obama nominated Lippert to serve as ambassador to South Korea last year. CNN's Barbara Starr, Jim Acosta and Paula Hancocks contributed to this report. | U.S. ambassador to South Korea attacked, but in stable condition . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | In five weeks time Las Vegas will pay host to the biggest boxing match in history when Floyd Mayweatehr Jnr and Manny Pacquiao roll into town for their $300million mega fight. It is an evening Amir Khan desperately wanted to be involved in after repeatedly calling for Mayweather to take him up on his challenge to dethrone the undefeated American. It hasn't kept the Bolton-born boxer away from the bright lights of Vegas, however, as he was pictured at 1 Oak Nightclub in the Mirage Hotel and Casino on Friday night. Amir Khan poses with TV personality Scott Disick during night out in Las Vegas . Khan's wife Faryal Makhdoom uploaded this picture montage from the night out at 1 Oak Nightclub . Khan uploaded a picture taken from his taxi as he drove to his hotel in Las Vegas . Khan posed for pictures during the night out with his wife and television personality and star of American show Keeping Up With the Kardashians Scott Disick. Khan, who has yet to agree his next opponent after missing out on securing a bout with Mayweather, believes the American will emerge victorious against Pacquiao on May 2. Khan told Sky Sports News: 'It's going to be a great fight and I think five years ago it would have been ever better because they were both at their peak and it was a fight that everyone was dying to see. Khan trains in the gym as speculation continues over who his next opponent will be . Khan hits Devon Alexander during their welterweight bout at the MGM Grand Garden Arena last year . 'Since then Manny Pacquiao has had two defeats. He’s been knocked out once by (Juan Manuel) Marquez and then he got beat by (Timothy) Bradley which was a little controversial, but I think Mayweather will take the fight. 'He will be much smarter and he’ll pick his shots a little bit better. He’ll make it a little boring at times because Manny, as we know, is a come-forward fighter who likes to do a lot of punches. 'But Mayweather will try to avoid all those punches and just maybe throw that one shot that will count and then move away again. But time will tell. 'I’ve been watching Mayweather train on social media and he has been training very hard so he might come up with a different gameplan this fight, something that we have not seen before. | Amir Khan was pictured in 1 Oak Nightclub in Las Vegas on Friday night . Boxer posed for pictures with American TV personality Scott Disick . Khan has Backed Floyd Mayweather to beat Manny Pacquaio on May 2 . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Juan Mata will start his first game for Manchester United since January 17, as Louis van Gaal looks to shake things up against Tottenham. Mata, having joined the club for £37.1million in January 2014, has struggled to make an impact since the turn of the year, only making three starts. His last appearance in Van Gaal's starting XI came on January 17 against Queens Park Rangers, but since then he has only made four fleeting appearances off the bench. Juan Mata (right), pictured in training last week, will start his first game for Manchester United since January . Mata's last starting appearance for Manchester United came against Queens Park Rangers on January 17 . Van Gaal has made three changes to his United team from the side that faced Arsenal in the FA Cup on March 9. He said of Mata's inclusion: 'Mata has played there a long time also with Chelsea. 'He is the same type of player as [Angel] di Maria. He's left-footed and he can do the job there I think.' Mata's inclusion is a straight swap for the suspended Angel di Maria, while Phil Jones and Michael Carrick replace Luke Shaw and Marcos Rojo. United are fourth in the Premier League, but can close the gap on Arsenal to one point with a victory against Tottenham. | Louis van Gaal has opted to start Juan Mata against Tottenham . He replaces the suspended Angel di Maria, who was sent off vs Arsenal . Mata's last start came on January 17, against QPR in the Premier League . The Spaniard has only made four Premier League appearances in 2015 . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Two of boxing's greatest heavyweights descended on New York on Thursday night for a screening of new documentary Champs. Featuring former world champions Mike Tyson, Evander Holyfield and Bernard Hopkins, the film examines the lives of the three men in and outside of the ring. And the two giants of the sport made a special appearance at Village East Cinema. Evander Holyfield and Mike Tyson attend the Champs New York Screening with director Bert Marcus . Tyson and Holyfield pose for photographs almost 20 years after their infamous rematch . Directed by Bert Marcus, Champs focuses on the aforementioned trio's rise from poverty to the top of the sport. Tyson and Holyfield, of course, twice met in the ring and have rebuilt their relationship since their controversial rematch in 1997 when Tyson took a chunk out of his opponent's ear. Both are long retired but 50-year-old Hopkins has yet to announce whether he plans to continue after losing to hard-hitting Russian Sergey Kovalev last November. Tyson pretends to take a chunk out of the director's ear while Holyfield poses at a previous event . Tyson bites a chunk out of Holyfield's ear in their heavyweight rematch in 1997 . Tyson, meanwhile, has admitted that UFC champion Ronda Rousey might 'kick his ass'. Rousey defended her bantamweight title last month when she submitted Cat Zingano in just 14 seconds. 'S***, Ronda Rousey might kick my ass,' Tyson told the Huffington Post. 'That 14 seconds the last fight, s*** man, you got to take that seriously. 'She's marketed herself, and not necessarily from a publicist's perspective. She put in the work, too. She's putting these people to bed, she's tapping them out, she's doing the 14-second thing.' | Mike Tyson and Evander Holyfield were at the screening of Champs . The documentary features them and Bernard Hopkins . All three are among the best world champions ever in the sport . The documentary charts their rise from poverty . CLICK HERE for all the latest boxing news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A New South Wales company has been forced to settle a tab of more than $10,000 with the ACCC, after it advertised '100 per cent Aussie' beer that was actually made in China. The Independent Liquor Group was hit with an infringement notice by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, and had to pay the fine of $10,200 after its green and gold clad beer was falsely advertised. Independent Liquor Group was fined for advertising this Chinese brewed beer as 'Aussie beer' 'Aussie Beer' labelling from March 2014 to August 2014 featured a map of Australia with '100 per cent owned' inside it, and the statement 'Australia's finest malt'. However, contrary to what its packaging suggested, the beer is made in China. The ACCC dished out the penalty in accordance with the Australian Consumer Law. 'Country of origin representations, particularly those designed to grab the eye of the consumer by using well known symbols, colours, or slogans, must be truthful,' ACCC Chairman Rod Sims said. The ACCC fined the New South Wales company $10,200, in accordance with Australian Consumer Law . 'Consumers will often place a premium on the provenance of a product, but are unable to check the accuracy of those claims. This is particularly the case with Australian made products which encourage consumers to support local industries. 'Consumers are entitled to expect that prominent representations made on packaging are accurate without having to check for disclosures in the fine print.' | Independent Liquor Group fined $10,200 by the ACCC for false advertising . Beer claimed to be '100% Aussie' but is actually brewed in China . 'Aussie Beer' with misleading labelling sold from March to August 2014 . Punishment handed out in line with the Australian Consumer Law . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | The Irishman left fighting for life by his brother in an alleged one-punch attack has called for the charges against his sibling to be dropped. Patrick Lyttle today accompanied his elder brother Barry to court for the first time, wearing a dark beanie. 'This should not be going ahead, it's not a matter for the court,' Patrick told reporters following a brief court mention on Thursday. Barry is facing reckless grievous bodily harm charges after he allegedly struck his brother in Kings Cross on January 3. Scroll down for video . Patrick Lyttle (pictured) appeared at Downing Centre Local Court in Sydney today wearing a beanie . Patrick was accompanying his brother, Barry (left), who has been charged with reckless grievous bodily harm for the alleged assault on his brother . Patrick, Barry and father Oliver appeared in good spirits at the trial today, with Patrick saying the family were hoping for a resolution soon . Patrick, who said he was doing well, explained his appearance at Downing Centre Local Court with: 'Of course I'm here, he's my brother. 'We love each other.' Barry told assembled media the family were hoping for a resolution to the matter shortly, so 'we can all go home as a family'. Patrick had not previously appeared in public since he woke up from an induced coma five days following the alleged attack. Patrick Lyttle has walked out of hospital following a one-punch attack by his brother Barry on January 3 . Patrick stood side-by-side with his brother Barry and parents in another shot, taken a month after his injuries . Before the attack: Barry uploaded this photo with Patrick, right, and their father Oliver, centre, hours after his brother woke up . The brothers' father, Oliver, has stood by Barry at each court hearing so far. A court loosened Barry's bail conditions in February, allowing him to move closer to the St Vincent's Hospital in Sydney's inner east, where Patrick was recovering. Daily Mail Australia exclusively broke the news had woken up, to the relief of his relatives, on January 8. The matter has been adjourned until March 19. Barry Lyttle, 33, was charged with reckless grievous bodily harm and was granted bail on January 5 . The brothers' father, Oliver, has been a constant presence beside his son, Barry, at court from the beginning (pictured) The brothers from Belfast in Ireland (pictured here as children) went on a night out on January 3 in Kings Cross - in Sydney's inner-city . Patrick Lyttle was treated by paramedics at the scene in Sydney's inner city, where he was found in a pool of blood and vomit . Two Irish brothers were involved in a confrontation outside a nightclub in Kings Cross in Sydney's inner city which has left the younger brother fighting for his life . Sorry we are not currently accepting comments on this article. | Irish tourist Patrick Lyttle, 31, was allegedly punched by his brother, Barry on January 3 . After making a remarkable recovery, Lyttle has called for charges against his brother to be dropped . He appeared at court with his brother today in his first public appearance since the attack . Patrick said they loved each other and wanted to go home as a family soon . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Time to say goodbye: Oprah Winfrey's Harpo Studios will close its doors in Chicago in December after 26 years, and all of the operations will be moved to the Oprah Winfrey Network's new headquarters in West Hollywood . Oprah Winfrey is getting ready to leave Windy City for good in favor of Tinsel Town. By the end of this year, Winfrey's Harpo Studios will close its doors in Chicago after 26 years, and all of the operations will be moved to the Oprah Winfrey Network's new headquarters in West Hollywood, it was announced today. The 61-year-old media mogul, ranked 603 on Forbes' 2015 list of billionaires, personally delivered the news to her staff in Chicago Tuesday morning. The Oprah Winfrey Network (OWN) was founded by the former 'queen of daytime' in 2011 in Los Angeles, and Winfrey's executives have spent the past four years traveling back and forth between Chicago and Hollywood. Two months ago, OWN moved into a new three-story space called The Lot in West Hollywood, setting the stage for the shutdown of Harpo Studios in Chicago. '[Chicago has] been everything for me. I've spent more hours in this building than I have any other building on Earth,' Miss Winfrey told The Hollywood Reporter by phone. 'We were here when there was nothing but hoes and rats on the street, and now it's one of the hottest neighborhoods.' The Academy Award-nominated actress and film producer acknowledged that it would be sad for her to bid farewell to her old home base, but she felt it was the right time to consolidate her network’s operations under one roof. End of an era: After 26 years in Chicago's West Loop, Winfrey's production company will move out of the four-building campus . New home: Two months ago, the four-year-old Oprah Winfrey Network moved into a new three-story space called The Lot in West Hollywood . Harpo will stop shooting shows for OWN as of Tuesday, and the studio will officially shutter its doors in December. Miss Winfrey said in a statement Tuesday that Harpo Studios has been a 'blessing' in her life and she's now 'looking ahead' to inhabiting her California studio. Since 2011, the Chicago-based studio, which employed about 200 people, had produced 800 hours of original programming. Only a small portion of the Harpo staff will join OWN's 140 employees in LA. The move comes nearly a year after Winfrey sold the four-building Harpo Studios to the real estate development company Sterling Bay for estimated $32million. Under the agreement, the property was leased back to Harpo for two years. The lease expires in April 2016, but the studio will close at the end of 2015. Winfrey first came to Chicago in 1984 to be on the morning talk show AM Chicago. A month later, the show was No 1 in the market and was renamed The Oprah Winfrey Show. Talk show queen: Winfrey first came to Chicago in 1984 to be on the morning talk show AM Chicago. A month later, the show was No 1 in the market and was renamed The Oprah Winfrey Show . Lucrative deal: Winfrey sold the four-building Harpo Studios to a developer for $32million last year . Beginning of the end: In this May 24, 2011 file photo, Kimberly Adams holds a poster outside Harpo Studios before the final taping of The Oprah Winfrey Show in Chicago. In 1990, Winfrey moved into Harpo Studios in Chicago’s' West Loop, helping transform the surrounding neighborhood from a bleak industrial park into a trendy, family-friendly community. Winfrey continued filming her popular daytime show at the 3.5-acre campus until 2011 when she left to start her own cable network. That year, then-Chicago Mayor Richard Daly renamed the street outside Harpo Studios Oprah Winfrey Way. | Winfrey's four-building Harpo Studios will close its doors in Chicago's West Loop in December after 26 years . Winfrey sold the 3.5-acre campus to a developer last year for $32million . Only a few of her 200 Chicago workers will be joining her 140-person LA staff . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Need some inspiration deciding who to back at Cheltenham? Sportsmail's Marcus Townend and Peter Scudamore reveal their favourites while Sky Sports News HQ presenter Alex Hammond and other celebrities have also shared their tips for the Festival. PETER SCUDAMORE . PTIT ZIG . (JLT Novices’ Chase, 1.30) I can forgive him his fall on his last run at Ascot — it was a typical novice mistake. But his form otherwise looks pretty strong and he can also boast some top quality Grade One-winning hurdle form. He is taken to fend off the strong Irish threat led by Apache Stronghold and Valseur Lido. BEST ODDS: 7-2 . Ptit Zig, pictured at the Christmas Meeting at Ascot, is Peter Scudamore's tip for the JLT Novices' Chase . DON COSSACK . (Ryanair Chase, 2.40) This gelding, trained by Gordon Elliott (below), looks a much more complete racehorse this season and has won all his four races since being beaten by AP McCoy’s Gold Cup hope Carlingford Lough at the Punchestown Festival in April. He fell at this meeting last year but I would not hold that against him. Plus trainer Elliott already has a winner on the board with Cause of Causes on the first day. BEST ODDS: 3-1 . UN TEMPS POUR TOUT . (Ladbrokes World Hurdle, 3.20) An expensive recruit from France who has not yet quite reached the heights expected of him. He did, however, run a very promising first race of the season when third to Thursday’s opponent Saphir Du Rheu in the Cleeve Hurdle in January. That was his first run since May so he is entitled to improve significantly and play a big part in a very open race. Confidence will be increased in his chance now that trainer David Pipe has had a winner at the meeting. BEST ODDS: 12-1 . BUYWISE . (Brown Advisory & Merriebell Stable Plate, 4.0) This Evan Williams-trained eight-year-old was an easy five length winner at Ffos Las on his last run and looks a horse who still has a little in hand with the handicapper. BEST ODDS: 7-1 . Buywise was an easy five length winner at Ffos Las and looks to have a little in hand with the handicapper . MARCUS TOWNEND . TRUSTAN TIMES . (Pertemps Hurdle, 2.05) Sybarite looks a good option here but, at even longer odds, this Tim Easterby-trained stayer looks worth a punt. He was fourth in the race 12 months ago, beaten less than half a length in a blanket finish, and he races off a marginally lower handicap mark this afternoon. His stable is in decent form with a couple of winners in its last six runners. BEST ODDS: 25-1 . EDUARD . (Ryanair Chase, 2.40) Lacks a little match practice for such a hotly-contested event as this but there is no doubt the Nicky Richards-trained gelding possesses talent. He would probably have beaten Wishfull Thinking, a rival again on Thursday, in the Peterborough Chase at Huntingdon last time but for an error at the final fence. BEST ODDS: 16-1 . COLE HARDEN . (Ladbrokes World Hurdle, 3.20) Has failed to win since his first race of the season at Wetherby at the start of November and could be regarded as disappointing. But the positives are that his stable has emerged from a quiet spell and he has had a breathing operation since being beaten behind Saphir Du Rheu here in January. Will be staying on better than most at the finish. BEST ODDS: 16-1 . Cole Harden has failed to win since his first race of the season at Wetherby at the start of November . Sky Sports' News HQ presenter Alex Hammond is backing Saphir Du Rheu . AND THE CELEBS... Here's who the celebs are backing in Thursday’s Ladbrokes World Hurdle. ............................................................................. ALEX HAMMOND - Sky Sports News HQ presenter . SAPHIR DU RHEU . It should be an open race this year but this is a horse that is well regarded. ............................................................................ RISHI PERSAD - Channel 4 Racing presenter . ZARKANDAR . He is a better horse than last season and they will have learned a lot more how to ride him after his defeat last time out. ............................................................................ TANYA STEVENSON - Channel 4 Racing presenter . MONKSLAND . I can see the race panning out perfectly for jockey Paul Carberry. ............................................................................ JOHN PARROTT - Snooker professional . ZARKANDAR . I think he will win as he’ll be ridden to pounce late. ANGUS LOUGHRAN - Betting pundit . MONKSLAND . You need a true stayer to win this race and he is definitely that. CORNELIUS LYSAGHT- Radio 5 Live Racing correspondent . SEEYOUATMIDNIGHT . A useful horse who should run well at a decent price. | Ptit Zig is Peter Scudamore's tip for the JLT Novices' Chase on Thursday . Marcus Townend is backing Eduard to win the Ryanair Chase . Sky Sports presenter Alex Hammond is backing Saphir Du Rheu . CLICK HERE for the Cheltenham Festival 2015 day three action LIVE! |
Using examples from the text give me a rundown of the causes of wet snow avalanches. | In contrast to powder snow avalanches, wet snow avalanches are a low velocity suspension of snow and water, with the flow confined to the track surface (McClung, first edition 1999, page 108). The low speed of travel is due to the friction between the sliding surface of the track and the water saturated flow. Despite the low speed of travel (≈10–40 km/h), wet snow avalanches are capable of generating powerful destructive forces, due to the large mass and density. The body of the flow of a wet snow avalanche can plough through soft snow, and can scour boulders, earth, trees, and other vegetation; leaving exposed and often scored ground in the avalanche track. Wet snow avalanches can be initiated from either loose snow releases, or slab releases, and only occur in snowpacks that are water saturated and isothermally equilibrated to the melting point of water. The isothermal characteristic of wet snow avalanches has led to the secondary term of isothermal slides found in the literature (for example in Daffern, 1999, page 93). At temperate latitudes wet snow avalanches are frequently associated with climatic avalanche cycles at the end of the winter season, when there is significant daytime warming. | Wet snow avalanches can be initiated from either loose snow releases, or slab releases, and only occur in snowpacks that are water saturated and isothermally equilibrated to the melting point of water. |
Who is Robert Mitchum? | Robert Mitchum (1917–1997) was an American actor who appeared in over 110 films and television series over the course of his career. He is ranked 23rd on the American Film Institute's list of the 50 greatest American screen legends of all time. His first credited named role was as Quinn in the 1943 western Border Patrol. That same year he appeared in the films Follow the Band, Beyond the Last Frontier, Cry 'Havoc' and Gung Ho! as well as several Hopalong Cassidy films including Colt Comrades, Bar 20, False Colors, and Riders of the Deadline. In 1944, he starred in the western Nevada as Jim "Nevada" Lacy, and a year later in the film West of the Pecos as Pecos Smith. During the 1940s, he was also cast in the film noirs Undercurrent (1946), Crossfire (1947), Out of the Past (1947) and The Big Steal (1949). Mitchum was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role as a world-weary soldier in the 1945 film The Story of G.I. Joe, which received critical acclaim and was a commercial success. | Robert Mitchum was a prolific American actor, appearing in over 110 films and television shows. He was an Academy Award nominee and his primary film genre was Western. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A win is always a win and England will go into next week’s game against France with a fighting chance of winning the Six Nations but they will be annoyed with themselves for leaving so many points out there on the field. It’s all going to come down to points difference, and its nip and tuck with Ireland, but those points England left out there at Twickenham could cost them dear. The biggest positive I would draw out of the game is that there was plenty of creativity – George Ford and Ben Youngs led the way – and at least England were making try-scoring opportunities. This was no sterile kicking performance and with a bit more experience I'm hoping England will start putting good teams away comfortably. George Ford breaks away to score England's second try on a nerve-wracking afternoon . Ben Youngs gave England options with a display of much-needed creativity against an obdurate Scotland . Ford in particular was composed and was confident enough to slow the game down on occasions to allow play to come to him. He’s got time on the ball and some of England’s other exciting young backs must look to emulate that . The first half was extraordinary in many ways and spelt out the absolute necessity of taking your chances in Test rugby because it almost invariably comes back to haunt you. England started at a good tempo - which they definitely needed to after going behind early on in their last three Six Nations games - but they failed to take full advantage and put away three or four gilt-edge chances. Luther Burrell made a strong break in the first minute which should have led to a try but he showed no composure. He neither slowed down to allow Anthony Watson to get to him on his right nor did he look for Youngs steaming up on his inside. Instead he just went to ground and even then England didn’t recycle very well. England did score a fine try during this period which saw them at their best with Ford taking the ball to the line and Jonathan Joseph again showing that brilliant footwork of his to beat Hogg but then the sloppiness crept in again. Jonathan Joseph scored England's first try to give the hosts hope of a rout, but that did not materialise . Jack Nowell had been hungry for work and made an excellent initial burst but failed to transfer the ball to two hands which immediately limited his choice. He had the perfect arrowhead, support players on his left and right, but with the ball in one arm went to ground ineffectively. England also looked odds on to score at a scrum five having completely dominated Scotland in the previous scrum but then inexplicably gave a penalty away for coming in on the angle. Another try went begging when Mike Brown got dragged down by Stuart Hogg. There’ s no disgrace in being caught by Hogg who is a real speed merchant and I’m pretty sure Brown had lost a boot as well, but would like to have seen more support on his shoulder. Almost predictably Scotland hit back an scored with their very first serious attack to level the scores and in many ways England were possibly lucky to only trail 13-10 at half-time. That was definitely a yellow card when Dan Cole stepped into play the ball earlier at a ruck when Scotland were camped on England’s line! Mike Brown looked to have broken free but was hauled back by the pacy Stuart Hogg . Tom Youngs leads an England breakaway with team-mates sprinting to joining in with his foray forward . Half-time will have been interesting in the England changing room and England looked a different beast for most of the second half and regained control of the match with Ford's try but then again we saw that lack of composure. Tom Youngs made a terrific break immediately after coming on as a replacement picking a wonderful angle but then lost his head completely and flung the wildest of passes to nowhere. Yet again if he had just slowed down for a second and picked his support runner there would probably have been a try. Moments later Watson was nearly through but again went to ground without looking for his support and Mike Brown slightly over-ran that pass form James Haskell.In the furnace of international rugby you must play it cool on occasions . Finally at the end they killed Scotland off with a well taken try by Nowell England should look carefully of why it took so long. Scotland attempt to clear their lines with Courtney Lawes (right) trying to block during the edgy encounter . England back-row Billy Vunipola evades the tackles of two Scottish opponents . Good show: England will have to taken heart from the attacking intent if not the finishing. Jack Nowell worked very hard and took his late try well and Jonathan Joseph again demonstrated how he can unpick the tightest defences with his footwork. Youngs and Ford were really lively at half-back, Lawes added physicality up front . Bad show: England have to recapture the coolness under pressure and ruthless streak they showed in the second half against Wales in Cardiff. That is what wins you big rugby matches. They made life so difficult for themselves with their lack of precision and not building a score. Scotland took heart and scavenged like they always did. | England go into next week's game with France with a fighting chance of winning the Six Nations . But it is nip and tuck and their inability to score more against the Auld Enemy could come back to haunt them . There was plenty of creativity, with Ben Youngs and George Ford both in good form . England trailed 10-13 at half-time but looked a different beast for most of the second half and regained control of the match to win 25-13 . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Self-styled revolutionary Russell Brand believes Britain's 'corrupt' society is to blame for turning Jihadi John into a terrorist executioner. In an extraordinary ten-minute rant on YouTube, the outspoken millionaire comedian young Muslims in the UK are so disenfranchised they ‘turn to mad jihadism’. The millionaire comedian-turned-anarchist spoke out in a video blog he called: 'Could I have been Jihadi John?' He said: ‘The kernel of truth in the sprawling, bewildering, bramble of ISIS madness is society isn't working, the system isn't working, it’s totally corrupt. Scroll down for video . Controversial comedian Russell Brand posted an extraordinary ten-minute rant on YouTube saying Britian's society was to blame for turning Jihadi John into a terrorist executioner . ‘That’s the thing that resonates in the core of young people, that’s the thing that pulls them into mad jihadism.’ And he went on to muse: ‘The developing news narrative in most of its permutations doesn't address the core problems. 'If Muslims have been here in significant numbers since the fifties, why is this only happening now?’ And he heaped blame on society at large for failing to incorporate and understand the ISIS atrocities. Brand explained that while society can 'incorporate' problems like drugs, drink and homelessness, it has so far failed to understand jihadism in the same way. 'The beheadings can’t be incorporated into the main narrative of apathy, alienation, isolation,’ he said. In the outburst, Brand also accused the media of failing to address the 'core problem' behind the ISIS atrocities . Brand also explained that while society can 'incorporate' problems like drugs, drink and homelessness, it has so far failed to understand jihadism in the same way . ‘It’s merely an extreme example of something that is commonly understood. That our cultural story at the moment makes no sense. ’ In the outburst he also accused the media of failing to address the 'core problem' behind the ISIS atrocities. However, it is not the first time that Brand has spoken out about ISIS. In another Youtube rant in September, he argued that attitudes in Britain towards Muslim youth are to blame for men and women leaving the UK to join extremists abroad. Meanwhile in December, he took aim at the Australian government and Prime Minister Tony Abbot following a siege at a cafe in Sydney where two people died. Mohammed Emwazi, left, who was revealed to be ISIS executioner Jihadi John. Brand suggested that not incorporating Muslims into British society is the reason they turn to ISIS . Brand previously criticised Australian media for calling the Sydney siege gunman Man Haron Monis, pictured, a terrorist, saying he was simply a 'mentally ill criminal' Brand criticised the way gunman Man Haron Monis was branded a terrorist by some media outlets, saying instead he was simply a mentally ill criminal. 'This man is clearly a mentally ill criminal with a long history of mental illness and criminal behaviour and lots of evidence of instability,' Brand said in a video. The comedian also blamed the media for fitting the story into their own frame, amid worldwide fears about ISIS. He added: 'It's convenient for people to enhance and increase fear around ISIS because currently there's an appetite to increase security measures domestically, to engage in foreign military activity in that region of the world for economic and corporate ends.' | The outspoken star posted an extraordinary ten-minute rant on YouTube . Said Britain's 'corrupt' society was to blame for youngsters turning to ISIS . Suggested society at large had failed to incorporate young Muslims . Said people were failing to understand why people were turning to jihad . Blamed media for failing to address 'core problem' behind ISIS atrocities . Brand has previously spoken out about ISIS in other YouTube videos . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Respect for officials may not always be at the levels the referees would hope, but Fiorentina seem to have taken it further than most during their game against AC Milan on Tuesday. 'La Viola' players were in the middle of a startling comeback win, and held the momentum with five minutes to go having just equalised through Gonzalo Rodriguez, when referee Carmine Rosso halted the game to get treatment. Rosso left the pitch, thinking he had stopped play, to receive medical attention and eventually be replaced by his fourth official. Fiorentina players continue to play against Milan, despite there being no referee on the pitch . The players looked genuinely surprised when they were pulled back after the lack of official was pointed out . Carmine Rosso didn't realise the players were continuing as he left the pitch to receive treatment . Rosso blew his whistle and gestured angrily to halt the play, before being replaced by the fourth official . After a short stoppage Rosso was replaced, before Fiorentina went on to win the game with a late goal . However, the Fiorentina stars took no notice, continuing to attack with no referee on the pitch, until the official, rather angrily, had to forcefully bring the move to the end with several short blasts on his whistle. Eventually the men in purple realised what was going on and stopped so that Rosso could be replaced, in an incident similar to Chris Foy's injury during Arsenal's win over West Ham this weekend. However, the stoppage did little to interrupt Vincenzo Montella's side, as just moments later Joaquin scored a header to put them in front and secure a superb come from behind win. Gonzalo Rodriguez headed in Joaquin's cross to level in the 83rd minute against Milan . Joaquin scored the winner for Fiorentina with a header in the 89th minute . | Referee Carmine Rosso had to be replaced in final five minutes . Fiorentina didn't notice the stoppage, tried to continue playing . Angry official finally managed to halt proceedings, before being replaced . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | An old crowd favorite at Minnesota Timberwolves' basketball games known famously as 'Jiggly Boy' made a special comeback to celebrate Kevin Garnett's return to the team. And he brought his moves. When the Target Center stadium's jumbotron first caught John Sweeney in the audience, he only gave the camera a couple of quick waves. It was a far cry from the beloved Jiggly boy of the 2003-04 season, when Sweeney was known to strip off his jersey and rip off his tank top and get down, with 'WOLVES' scribbled on his stomach and 'KG' for Garnett written on his arm. Scroll down for video . Crowd favorite John Sweeney, 49, brought back Jiggly boy for Kevin Garnett's welcome home game with the Minnesota Timberwolves . Sweeney first created Jiggly boy for the team's 2003-04 season (pictured), but hadn't been seen for 10 years . Sweeney got a text days from the team's game operations a couple of days before Garnett's return that said: 'KG is coming back. What about Jiggly?' The crowd went wild the minute Sweeney appeared on screen during the February 25 game against the Washington Wizards, with many instantly recognizing him despite the years that had passed. And the camera soon panned back to the 49-year-old dad, the announcer asking 'Wait a second, can we go back there?' One of Sweeney's sons tries to grab his dad's arm and pull him up to dance, and the camera held on him - an invitation and a tempt. But Sweeney shook his head no and encouraged his sons to dance instead. The crowd went wild the minute Sweeney appeared on screen during the February 25 game against the Washington Wizards, instantly recognizing him despite the years that had passed . As Usher's Yeah comes on Sweeney breaks out into dance, his sons flanking behind like backup dancers . After a couple of dips, Sweeney takes of his shirt to reveal KG written on his stomach, and 'Welcome home' written on his chest . The camera panned away again but the announcer wasn't ready to give up. 'Let's give it one more try,' he told the audience, who wouldn't get enough. As Usher's Yeah cames on, Sweeney finally relented. His sons pulled him out to the stadium's stairwell, where he still seemed hesitant. But then all of a sudden, Sweeney broke out into his famous moves, his sons flanking him from behind like backup dancers. Jiggly Boy was back. After a couple of dips, Sweeney took off his shirt to reveal KG written on his stomach, and 'welcome home' written on his chest. Then he gave the audience what they really want to see: body rolls. And Garnett didn't miss the show, giving Sweeney a salute. When Sweeney responded with an enthusiastic thumbs up, the basketball player tapped his heart to show his appreciation and gratitude. Garnett didn't miss the show. He first gives Sweeney a salute. When Sweeney responds with an enthusiastic thumbs up, the basketball player taps his heart to show his appreciation and gratitude . 'I think if you saw a fat guy with everything off, dancing with your name on his chest, I think you would pay attention to that, or at least for five seconds,' Garnett said . 'I think if you saw a fat guy with everything off, dancing with your name on his chest, I think you would pay attention to that, or at least for five seconds,' Garnett later told the Star Tribune. It was the Timberwolves' game operations that asked Sweeney for a comeback. Sweeney told the Star Tribune he got a text days before the welcome home game that said: 'KG is coming back. What about Jiggly?' But although Sweeney, an improv comedian, may not be stage shy, after 10 years he said he now also has to consider his two sons, aged nine and 11. 'We had a good philosophical discussion on the car ride home,' he said. 'About when it's appropriate to take your shirt off.' | John Sweeney stripped off his jersey and body rolled to Usher's Yeah . He had 'Welcome home KG' scribbled on his chest and his sons were his backup dancers . When Sweeney first appeared sitting on the jumbotron the crowd went wild, instantly recognizing him . Garnett saluted him and patted his heart to show his appreciation . Sweeney began 'Jiggly boy' dance during the team's 2003-04 season . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | They will certainly be treated to stunning scenes of Cornwall, but viewers may not hear a Cornish accent when they tune in to watch Poldark. Yesterday it emerged that the stars of the show, which is set in the windswept Cornish landscape, were so terrified of being accused of mumbling that many made a conscious decision to enunciate their lines. Scroll down for video . The stars of the new Poldark are terrified of being accused of mumbling so decided to enunciate their lines. Pictured, Aiden Turner and Eleanor Tomlinson as Ross Poldark and Demelza . It appears that the barrage of criticism received over the BBC’s adaptation of Daphne du Maurier’s gothic novel Jamaica Inn is to blame for creating the fear factor. More than 2,000 viewers complained about poor sound quality and inaudible dialogue when Jamaica Inn was screened last April and the star of Poldark, Aidan Turner, has now confessed that he and the cast were alarmed by the backlash. Turner, 31, told the Radio Times: ‘I didn’t see Jamaica Inn but the fuss about it spooked us all a lot. ‘We started shooting a few weeks later and I can tell you all the actors were aiming for ten out of ten on enunciation. 'I’m doing posh RP [received pronunciation] anyway, so it didn’t affect me directly but I was scared, yes.’ Turner takes the role of British soldier Ross Poldark, who returns from fighting in the American War of Independence to find his fiancée Elizabeth Chenoweth, believing him to be dead, is set to marry his cousin. BBC bosses are hoping for a return of Poldark mania. Poldark is based on the novels by Winston Graham. When it was first dramatised in the 1970s, up to 15million viewers per episode tuned in to follow its passionate romances and tales of smuggling. Poldark begins on BBC1 on Sunday at 9pm. | Many of the stars made a conscious decision to enunciate their lines . Criticism received over the BBC’s adaptation of Daphne du Maurier’s gothic novel Jamaica Inn is to blame for creating the fear factor . Aidan Turner confessed he and the cast were alarmed by the backlash . |
Which company constructed the Japanese submarine Yu 12? | Yu 12 was an Imperial Japanese Army transport submarine of the Yu 1 subclass of the Yu I type. Constructed for use during the latter stages of World War II, she served in the waters of the Japanese archipelago.
Construction
In the final two years of World War II, the Imperial Japanese Army constructed transport submarines — officially the Type 3 submergence transport vehicle and known to the Japanese Army as the Maru Yu — with which to supply its isolated island garrisons in the Pacific. Only submarines of the Yu I type were completed and saw service. The Yu I type was produced in four subclasses, each produced by a different manufacturer and differing primarily in the design of their conning towers and details of their gun armament. None carried torpedoes or had torpedo tubes. Yu 12 was a unit of the Yu 1 subclass.
The Hitachi Kasado Works (Hitachi Kasado Seisakujo) at Kudamatsu, Japan, constructed Yu 12. Records of the details of the construction of Yu 12 have not been discovered, but the earlier Yu I-type submarines were laid down and launched during the latter half of 1943 and entered service at the end of 1943 or early in 1944. | The company that constructed the Japanese submarine Yu 12 was Hitachi Kasado Works. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | SAPHIR DU RHEU (Cheltenham, 3.20) has a good way to go before being mentioned in the same breath as World Hurdle legend Big Buck’s, but he can begin to write his own chapter in history with victory on Thursday. The festival sprung to life for Paul Nicholls on day two and the son of Al Namix, who sports the same colours as his illustrious predecessor, has undergone an unusual preparation for the hurdling feature following three starts over fences. It was a path also trodden by Big Buck’s and Nicholls will be hoping lightning strikes twice for the six-year-old who displayed great tenacity to land the Cleeve Hurdle from Reve De Sivola in January. Saphie Du Rheu can being to write his own chapter in history with a win at Cheltenham on Thursday . The bare form of that performance is arguably short of what is required but if his handler has managed to extricate some improvement he should be thereabouts. Monksland and Jetson appeal as outsiders capable of outrunning their prices. Having backed HIDDEN CYCLONE (Cheltenham, nb, 2.40) for the Champion Chase, I was frustrated to see him rerouted for Thursday’s Ryanair Chase, but it still looks a smart move by connections. Shark Hanlon’s gelding was runner-up in the race last year when outstayed by Dynaste and I wonder, with hindsight, if jockey Andrew McNamara may have employed a more patient ride as he became a sitting target late on. A recent Punchestown romp should have put the selection spot-on and he could go one better this year and end the Irish hoodoo in this race. With the Willie Mullins stable carrying all before them, Vautour will be a popular order in the JLT Novices’ Chase. However, he will be priced accordingly and VALSEUR LIDO (Cheltenham, 1.30) looks a sound alternative as he was reported to be a little ring-rusty when edged out by Apache Stronghold at Leopardstown last time. Hidden Cyclone, pictured during the Paddy Power Gold Cup in 2013, was rerouted for the Ryanair Chase . The selection had previously beaten that foe by an impressive eight lengths at Fairyhouse and appears to jump a shade more fluently than Noel Meade’s charge, who remains one of the chief dangers. There will be plenty of tips doing the rounds for the Pertemps Network Final but TRUSTAN TIMES (Cheltenham, nap, 2.05) is a solid conveyance for a race of this nature and may run well at a big price. The nine-year-old lacks the profile of a number of his rivals, but was a creditable third in the race last year — beaten by just a nose and a neck — and looks to have been campaigned with just one race in mind all season. | Saphir Du Rheu backed for the 3.20 at Cheltenham on Thursday . Hidden Cyclone has been rerouted for Thursday’s Ryanair Chase . Trustan Times may run well at a big price for the Pertemps Network Final . Cheltenham racing tips: Not sure who to back? Take a punt at these... CLICK HERE to follow the Cheltenham Festival 2015 action LIVE! |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Scottish Premiership leaders Celtic remain on course for a domestic treble having defeated ten-men Dundee United 2-0 in the League Cup final. Kris Commons and James Forrest fired in the goals to beat Dundee United, who had captain Sean Dillon sent off to compound their misery. Find out how each player performed at Hampden Park... Dundee United's captain Sean Dillon is sent off by referee Bobby Madden for a tackle on Emilio Izaguirre . DUNDEE UNITED . RADOSLAW CIERZNIAK 6 . Clawed away Commons initial effort but unable to reach rebound. Not a prayer as Forrest settled the issue but saved penalty. SEAN DILLON 5 . Will curse fact he was off injured as Celtic scored but could have no complaints as red was produced for lunge on Izaguirre. JAROSLAW FOJUT 6 . A helpless bystander as Commons struck. Won vast majority of long balls Celtic threw into his area. CALLUM MORRIS 6 . Was relieved to see Griffiths fire into side-net after short back-pass. Will take pride in keeping Griffiths quiet. Paul Dixon of Dundee United (left) struggled to cope with the pace of Celtic's James Forrest (right) PAUL DIXON 6 . Spurned decent free-kick chance but corners hit their intended spots. Conceded penalty which was saved. RYAN MCGOWAN 6 . Started on right midfield was repeatedly pressed back by Stokes. Booked for scything Brown down. PAUL PATON 6 . His industry and anticipation were the main reasons Celtic couldn’t play through United. Subbed. JOHN RANKIN 6 . Gordon smothered his effort with the game goal-less. Unable to affect the game from his station on the left of midfield. CALUM BUTCHER 6 . Stayed touch-tight in midfield to Brown which ensured the Celtic skipper didn’t get the run of the game. Jackie McNamara (centre) and his Dundee United players are clearly gutted after the League Cup final loss . RYAN DOW 6 . Hit the turf upon being nudged by Brown but probably a little too easily for Bobby Madden’s liking. Tireless shift. MARIO BILATE 5 . Asked to fill Ciftci’s boots and struggled initially. Tested Gordon with stinging drive but subbed before the hour mark. THE MANAGER 5 . Irate that Dow didn’t win penalty but, on reflection, Jackie McNamara will concede Dillon pulled the rug from beneath him. SUBS . Anier (Bilate, 59) Erskine (Paton, 72). Celtic goalkeeper Craig Gordon maintains his clean sheet during the Scottish League Cup final . CELTIC . CRAIG GORDON 7 . Alert to deny Rankin then fielded Bilate’s deflected drive. Precious little to do once United were a man light. EFE AMBROSE 7 . Defensively sound and provided additional width with his frequent adventures up the right. Couple of terrific passes into the final third. JASON DENAYER 7 . Deila was grateful for his blistering recovery pace on more than one occasion. Won his individual battle with Bilate with something to spare. Kris Commons put The Bhoys ahead on the half hour mark with his 11th goal of the season in all competitions . VIRGIL VAN DIJK 7 . Almost opened the scoring with looping header and took the minimal attacking threat of United in his stride. EMILIO IZAGUIRRE 7 . Fortunate to escape booking for upending Dow then found himself on receiving end of Dillon’s reckless lunge. NIR BITTON 7 . Couple of heat-seeking passes from deep deserved better. Jarred his knee and made way for Henderson. Celtic captain Scott Brown used all his experience to guide Celtic to victory at Hampden Park on Sunday . SCOTT BROWN 7 . Anxious moment as Dow went down from his nudge. Sluggish start to the game but relished the task of dragging his side over the line. KRIS COMMONS 7 . Kept his composure to fire his side ahead at the second attempt. A goal that justifies the new contract in itself. STEFAN JOHANSEN 8 . Herculean work-rate is now taken as read but the Norwegian’s game intelligence is now a standard feature of every Celtic performance. Stefan Johansen (left), was in fine form on Sunday, clashed with Dundee United's Ryan Dow . ANTHONY STOKES 8 . Lively and effective down the left. A day of redemption after failing to trap for the Inter match. LEIGH GRIFFITHS 6 . Uncertain touch and runs that went rewarded added up to a frustrating day for the striker. Made way for Guidetti. THE MANAGER 8 . A deserved triumph for Deila. Now has the chance to follow Jock Stein and Martin O’Neill by winning the Treble. SUBS . Forrest (Commons, 69) Guidetti (Griffiths, 69) Henderson (Bitton, 81). | Ronny Deila's Celtic side won their 15th Scottish League Cup . Kris Commons and James Forrest scored but Dundee United captain Sean Dillon sent off for late challenge on Celtic defender Emilio Izaguirre . Anthony Stokes and Stefan Johansen impressed for the Bhoys . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | The return of midfielder Koke could be crucial to Atletico Madrid's hopes of overturning a 1-0 deficit to Bayer Leverkusen in Tuesday's Champions League last 16, second leg, coach Diego Simeone said on Monday. A Spain international and one of Atletico's most creative influences, Koke missed last month's first leg defeat in Germany due to injury but has featured in Atletico's last three outings in La Liga. The 23-year-old, who scored in this month's 1-1 draw at home to Valencia, is also a dead ball specialist and the Spanish champions have netted a host of goals from his corners and free kicks. Atletico Madrid head coach Diego Simeone and Mario Suarez attend a press conference on the eve of the tie . Simeone believes Koke returning will be a boost for his team as they try to overturn a first-leg deficit . 'He is one of those all-round midfielders who is gifted at reading the game, he knows how to play in different positions in the centre and he has very good peripheral vision,' Simeone told a news conference. 'When he is on top form, he allows us to play with speed. Not because he is fast himself but because his vision allows us to play that way.' Atletico, last season's beaten finalists, have been struggling for goals in recent weeks and have only scored once in their last four outings in all competitions. Atletico Madrid players train in Spain ahead of their meeting against Bayer Leverkusen . Atletico lost the first leg 1-0 in Germany and have their work cut out at the Vicente Calderon . Fernando Torres in action during Atletico Madrid's training session in the Spanish capital . Elimination on Tuesday would almost certainly rob them of their last chance of silverware this term as they are out of the King's Cup and slipped nine points behind La Liga leaders Barcelona after Saturday's 0-0 stalemate at Espanyol. Forwards Mario Mandzukic, Antoine Griezmann and Fernando Torres have been off colour and Atletico have failed to score in three consecutive away games in La Liga for the first time since Simeone took over at the end of 2011. Bayer Leverkusen players train in preparation of their Champions League second leg tie . Leverkusen's head coach Roger Schmidt speaks during a press conference ahead of the clash . Leverkusen, by contrast, have racked up 11 goals without reply in winning their last five games in all competitions, including Friday's 4-0 drubbing of VfB Stuttgart. Simeone said breaking out of defence swiftly would be one of the keys to Tuesday's clash at the Calderon. 'We need to shake off their pressuring quickly when they are trying to win back the ball,' Simeone said. 'They know very well how to disrupt play and hold you up,' added the former Argentina captain. 'That's what happened in Germany. They stopped our attacks quickly with fouls and we couldn't develop our vertical game. If we don't take the ball forward quickly we will have problems.' Bayer Leverkusen players train in Madrid ahead of their Champions League second leg . Bayer Leverkusen will look to defend their 1-0 lead when they head to the Vicente Calderon . | Atletico Madrid trail Bayer Leverkusen 1-0 after first-leg defeat in Germany . Spanish champions host second leg at Vicente Calderon on Tuesday . Diego Simeone thinks the return of Koke could be key for his team . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A Chicago man accused of stabbing his roommate and biting off a piece of his ear has been found in Texas. Ross Jacobs, 27, is charged with attempted murder after allegedly stabbing his roommate with a butcher's knife multiple times as he slept around 3am in their apartment near the University of Chicago. The former graduate student at the institution, who is originally from the city's northern suburbs, is mentally ill and on medication, according to the Chicago Tribune. Ross Jacobs, 27, was arrested in Dallas County on Monday (right) for an incident last week in which he allegedly stabbed his roommate multiple times and bit off a piece of his ear . Jacobs's roommate survived that attack in their apartment on South Hyde Park (pictured) near the University of Chicago . Jacobs had seen his father in Memphis on Saturday before heading further south, investigators said. He was arrested in Dallas County, more than 900 miles and 14 hours driving from Chicago, on Monday after withdrawing money from an ATM . The suspect's roommate, also 27, survived the attack on Friday but had serious injuries. His neighbor described Jacobs as having 'his own mind in his own world.' 'I've always encountered this guy and I'm always on alert when I see him or approach him or whether he's approaching me,' Delaney Gentle told ABC7. Chicago police believed that Jacobs could have been armed and dangerous. Chicago police have been looking for Jacobs since Friday, and he is believed to have seen his father in Memphis on Saturday before heading to Texas . The circumstances behind his arrest are not known. Despite the suspect's everyday behavior being described as 'not of a normal person,' he had an impressive academic track record before leaving University of Chicago in 2013. Jacobs was an undergraduate at Bowdoin College in Maine, where he graduated with a major in political philosophy in 2010. He won a scholarship from the conservative Phillips Foundation and wrote a column for the student newspaper in addition to reviving the college's literary debate society. The student attended New Trier High School, part of a district that regularly ranks among the best in the country. | Ross Jacobs, 27, arrested in Texas three days after 3am Chicago incident . Former University of Chicago student saw father in Memphis on Saturday . Roommate received serious injuries but survived the attack . Neighbors said they feared Jacobs, who had been campus star in college . |
Tell me about Reno, Nevada. | Reno is a city in the northwest section of the U.S. state of Nevada, along the Nevada-California border, about 22 miles (35 km) north from Lake Tahoe, known as "The Biggest Little City in the World". Known for its casino and tourism industry, Reno is the county seat and largest city of Washoe County and sits in the High Eastern Sierra foothills, in the Truckee River valley, on the eastern side of the Sierra Nevada. The Reno metro area (along with the neighboring city Sparks) occupies a valley colloquially known as the Truckee Meadows which because of large-scale investments from Greater Seattle and San Francisco Bay Area companies such as Amazon, Tesla, Panasonic, Microsoft, Apple, and Google has become a new major technology center in the United States.
The city is named after Civil War Union Major General Jesse L. Reno, who was killed in action during the American Civil War at the Battle of South Mountain, on Fox's Gap.
Reno is part of the Reno–Sparks metropolitan area, the second-most populous metropolitan area in Nevada after the Las Vegas Valley. Known as Greater Reno, it includes Washoe, Storey, Lyon Counties, the independent city and state capital, Carson City, as well as parts of Placer and Nevada Counties in California. The city proper had a population of 264,165 at the 2020 census. | Reno is a city in the United States state of Nevada and sits in the northwest section of the state, near the California state line. Reno is known as "The Biggest Little City in the World." Reno is known for it's casino & tourism industry and is the largest city in Washoe County. The city is named after Civil War Union Major General Jesse L. Reno, who was killed in action during the American Civil War. Reno is part of the Reno–Sparks metropolitan area, which is the second-most populous metropolitan area in the state of Nevada after the Las Vegas Valley. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger has warned against a quota-based system being used in the Premier League believing it will dilute the quality of the division. Football Association chairman Greg Dyke would like to see the number of home-grown players in top-flight squads increased from eight to 12, a move he feels will benefit the national team. Premier League chief executive Richard Scudamore claims clubs were told by Dyke at a meeting on Thursday that the FA could not impose the change. Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger has spoken out against a quota-based system for home grown players . And Wenger believes those changes will not benefit the league or the national team. In an interview with beIN Sports, Wenger said: 'I believe that we are in the world of competition. Competition means who of you or me is the best one. We have to accept that. 'That means as well that the rules of the game must be structured to favour the best. Or we are not in a competition anymore. The Arsenal boss, on the bench at Newcastle before the international break, is against Greg Dyke's proposals . 'So we can say one of two things - we protect the mediocre or we produce the best players.' Wenger warned that similar schemes in other countries had led to young players becoming 'professional subs', not enhancing their development but downgrading the league standard. 'I give you two examples, he said. 'In Yugoslavia in the past they decided you had to play three players on the team sheet who were under 21. What happened? They became professional subs. It happened in France, too. FA chairman Greg Dyke would like to see at least 12 home-grown players in top-flight squads . 'Then they decided you had to play three players (aged) under 21 from the start. You know what happened? They subbed all three after five minutes.' Dyke's proposal to toughen up home-grown player rules has the backing of UEFA president Michel Platini, who hinted that he intends to follow suit. Should UEFA implement the regulations, then the Premier League would likely have to back down. Dyke hopes a quota-based system for home-grown players would help England manager Roy Hodgson (left) | FA chairman Greg Dyke wants 12 home-grown players in top-flight squads . Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger is against such a proposal . Wenger doesn't think it will help the Premier League or national side . |
What is the Pandemis corylana | Pandemis corylana, the chequered fruit-tree tortrix, hazel tortrix moth, filbert tortricid or barred fruit tree moth, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found from northern and central Europe to Siberia, Korea and Japan. | The Pandemis corylana, the chequered fruit-tree tortrix, hazel tortrix moth, filbert tortricid or barred fruit tree moth, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found from northern and central Europe to Siberia, Korea and Japan. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Rangers Supporters Trust spokesman Chris Graham praised fans for the part they have played in forcing change at Ibrox before warning them: 'The hard work starts now.' The RST and Rangers First, another group aimed at fan ownership, had amassed almost 19,000 registered members between them going into Friday's EGM. A combination of shares purchased by each organisation, using cash raised from that backing and from proxies, saw them hold around 10 per cent of the voting power at the meeting. Rangers fans gather outside Ibrox stadium to hear news from the extraordinary general meeting . Rangers Supporters Trust Spokesman Chris Graham has praised fans' role in changing the club . Dave King (centre) received almost 86 per cent of the votes from Rangers shareholders for power at Ibrox . Fans show their delight for the incoming Rangers board of King, John Gilligan (left) and Paul Murray (right) Graham is delighted the club's followers have performed such a significant role in getting Dave King, Paul Murray and John Gilligan on to the board and overthrowing previous incumbents Derek Llambias and Barry Leach but insisted there is still much more to do. Now he has urged supporters to keep investing in the two fan movements to ensure there is never a repeat of the financial turmoil experienced at Rangers in recent years. 'The response to both schemes has been amazing and it has been crucial, not just in winning the EGM but also in moving forward,' he said. 'It is important the fans want to have more of a shareholding in the club. I believe we can trust this board and I think they will run the club properly. 'We don't know what is going to happen in 10 years' time, though, so it's vital the fans have a big enough say to stop anything like we've seen in the last three or four years from happening again. Now they have that. And if there is a new share issue I think it's important they continue to up their shareholding to a more significant portion. 'It has been brilliant seeing how people have risen to the challenge. The Trust has been plugging away at this for 12 years while Rangers First is a more recent thing. But, to be honest, it's just great to see the fans getting behind the same objective, however they have chosen to do that. 'What the supporters have done has been crucial in winning the vote and it will be crucial going forward. Now it's really important we get working as soon as possible. There will obviously be a couple of days of celebration but there's going to be a huge rebuilding process at the club. 'It has been ripped apart over the last few years so the priority is to get the hard work started straight away. Some things can be done quickly and others will take a bit longer . 'I can understand where Kenny McDowall was coming from when he said it is going to take five years to fix the club. I think he was talking there about the football infrastructure and things such as scouting and youth development take a long time to come through if you start doing them properly. A Rangers fan holds up a sign in protest against Mike Ashley, Derek Llambias and Barry Leach . Just 15 per cent of the club's shareholders voted to keep Llambias (pictured, centre) and Leach at Ibrox . 'But Dave King was right, too, in the sense that there are things you can do in the short-term which would immediately improve the situation. Even just getting the fans back in the stadium is an improvement because there's increased revenue from that alone. On the football side, appointing a new manager will be an improvement and we'll possibly be able to bring in players in the summer who can improve the squad. 'What matters most is there are guys in the boardroom now who actually care about the club. They aren't just there to feather their own nests and that's the difference.' Although Llambias and Leach are no longer on the board, they do remain employed by the club as chief executive and financial director respectively. Severance deals must be struck and, although both men have dug their heels in this week, Graham thinks it's only a matter of time until they are driven out of the club. 'Leach and Llambias can make it a little bit difficult in terms of getting them to leave and I'm sure they will make it as hard as they can,' he said. 'They are obviously in this for themselves so they will try to get what they can out of the situation. 'The Sports Direct contract is obviously something which still needs to be looked at and there are big question marks over how a lot of contracts came to be latterly. That will need to be examined pretty closely but I don't think there is anything that's insurmountable as long as the people in the boardroom want to get it fixed. That's the big difference. There's nothing the club can't do as long as everybody is pulling in the one direction.' Tackling the influence of Sports Direct owner Mike Ashley (pictured) will be next on the Rangers fans' agenda . | Fan ownership groups amassed nearly 19,000 members before Friday's EGM . Over 85 per cent of Gers shareholders backed Dave King's plans for Rangers . Supporters helped to oust Derek Llambias and Barry Leach from the board . Chris Graham has praised the Rangers Supporters Trust and Rangers First . However, he has warned there is still plenty of work to be done at the club . Focus will be turned to the Sports Direct contract and Mike Ashley . |
Extract the club that Corinthians defeated in the 2012 FIFA Club World Cup. | On 4 July, after reaching the final of the 2012 Copa Libertadores undefeated, Corinthians won its first title after a two-match final against 6-time champions Boca Juniors by drawing 1–1 in Argentina and winning 2-0 at the Estádio do Pacaembu in São Paulo, becoming the ninth Brazilian side to win the Copa Libertadores. The club won the 2012 FIFA Club World Cup after defeating English club Chelsea 1–0 on 16 December 2012. | Chelsea |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Some photographers may sneer at people snapping away on their smartphones to preserve interesting sights and moments with friends for posterity. But Apple’s new advertising campaign proves that the iPhone can take stunning photographs – when it's placed in talented hands. Chosen images will feature on billboards around the world as well as on an online gallery to showcase the ability of the iPhone 6. Scroll down for video . Apple’s new advertising campaign proves that the iPhone can take stunning photographs – when it's placed in talented hands. This is one of the photographs to feature in it, shot by Dan C in British Columbia, Canada. It shows the abstract patterns of bubbles trapped in a frozen lake, as well as moving water and the reflection of mountains . So far, those selected include amazing natural scenes such as frozen bubbles in a Canadian lake, fields of sunflowers in Thailand and shafts of light in a forest. There are also man-made scenes such as impressive skylines, art installations, balancing fishermen and even a hot air balloon festival. The advertising campaign will showcase snaps taken by 77 iPhone photographers using their latest handset, which made its debut last year. The chosen images will feature on billboards around the world as well as on an online gallery to showcase the ability of the iPhone 6. This beautiful photograph was shot by Andrew P in Phoenix, Arizona. Apple says on its site: 'This desert shot takes full advantage of the warm reds and oranges of sunset, capturing a beautiful range of tones with a limited colour palette' The selection included photos of children and pets. Noah W took the photograph of the dog (left) in Marina Del Rey, California using naturally occurring shadows to make the image more interesting, while Ben C in Taichung, Taiwan took the photo of the tabby cat (right), which highlights interesting details, like the pattern in the cat’s fur and the texture of the cotton . All the impressive shots were taken using the iPhone 6, which has an 8MP iSight camera with a new sensor with Focus Pixels, improved face detection and exposure control. This striking photo was taken by Hyeong Jun K in Seoul, South Korea. 'The exaggerated scale of a shadow, like the one cast by the tree, can add an element of interest to a stark landscape,' Apple says . They will feature on billboards in 70 cities in 24 countries, MyModernMet reported. Apple is said to have found them online and chose to feature them in the campaign, which aims to promote the photo power of the iPhone 6. Each photograph is accompanied by a caption on the online gallery, which says where it was taken, whether an app was used to improve the shot and a tip about why it is a good photo, which amateurs could use to boost their photographic prowess. For example, an image of a man in a field of sunflowers says: 'Photographing a subject from behind can add wit to a photo. Here, the subject and the flowers are both facing away from the camera' The handset has an 8MP iSight camera with a new sensor with Focus Pixels, improved face detection and exposure control, ‘so you can take the photo and let iPhone 6 do the rest,’ the firm says. Together with improved video capabilities, it was one of the primary selling points for the handset, which got a more rounded look and sharpened screen too. Apple found the striking images online and chose to feature them in the campaign for the iPhone 6. This image by Brendan Ó in Copenhagen, Denmark shows how taking a picture from an unexpected angle can add an interesting twist. 'Here, it creates contours in the lines that convey a sense of movement to the viewer,' Apple said.The photographer used an app called Snapseed to enhance the image . Mobile photography – that taken on phones instead of stand-alone cameras – is slowly becoming more credible. This photograph by Kim G in El Calafate, Argentina, juxtaposes a jagged glacier with trees and mountains so that the image is effectively divided in three . Mobile photography – images taken on phones instead of stand-alone cameras – is slowly becoming more credible. For example, the World Photo Organisation (WPO) recently launched an extra category to the 2015 Sony World Photography Awards to recognise excellent photographs taken on smartphones. ‘Photography now exists in our pockets, and we want to celebrate this,’ it said. The new category ‘allows us to look a little closer at those otherwise ordinary moments and to enjoy the creative freedom that mobile phone photography allows,’ it added. There are more mobile phones on Earth than human beings and the number of devices is growing five times as fast as the population. The iPhone 6 - pictured left alongside the larger iPhone 6 Plus, right, - has an 8MP iSight camera with a new sensor with Focus Pixels, improved face detection and exposure control, ‘so you can take the photo and let iPhone 6 do the rest,’ the firm says . As well as the wonders of the natural world, many of the chosen photographs capture humans and art. This image of balancing fishermen was shot by Francis O in Inle Lake, Myanmar. 'Finding unexpected whimsy in a scene can make a photo more appealing — like this combination of nets, boats, and fishermen,' Apple says . Shots of people's feet are almost as ubiquitous as coffee cup art on Instagram but this image by Cielo D in Alameda, California is more interesting. 'Shooting your subject in a reflection — like the one on this wet street — can make a simple scene seem surreal and surprising,' Apple says . These two images show how the phone can be used for close-ups as well as landscape shots. Paul O, from Chicago, Illinois, captured a rainbow on his hand (left), while Cory S in Lake Cushman, Washington, shows the size of the trees by including a human in the right-hand image, as well as beautiful shafts of light permeating the leafy scene . The WPO says that mobile entries to the awards have ‘increased steadily year on year. ‘It was time for mobile phone photography to have its own dedicated platform, instead of taking the risk of losing some wonderful photos within the hundreds of thousands of entries we receive to the main awards.’ The competition was open to anyone who shot a photo with a smartphone, which could be printed out and shown at an exhibition. It has just closed to new entries and up to 20 photos are being shortlisted by a panel of judges, before being posted online between March 10 and 17, so the public can vote for the winner. The winning entries will go on show in London at an exhibition from April 14 to May 10. Apple's online gallery offers photography tips in the captions. Commenting on this photo, taken by Jirasak P in Pasak Cholasit Dam, Thailand, the tech giant says: Photographing a subject from behind can add wit to a photo. Here, the subject and the flowers are both facing away from the camera' | Apple’s new advertising campaign proves that the iPhone can take stunning photographs . Chosen images will feature on billboards in 70 cities in 24 countries, as well as in an online gallery . They include natural wonders such as cacti, glaciers, forests and fields of flowers as well as art and people . Campaign is designed to showcase the iPhone 6's 8MP camera which aims to help people take better pictures . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Boston (CNN)Jurors in the Boston Marathon bombings trial were shown a key piece of evidence Tuesday: Dzhokhar Tsarnaev's writings on the inside of the boat he used as a hideout. Prosecutors presented photos of three panels of the boat that had messages written in pencil. Boston police Officer Todd Brown, a bomb squad member who cleared the boat of explosives, was on the witness stand to talk about the writings. Tsarnaev is charged with 30 counts related to the April 15, 2013, bombings that killed three people and wounded more than 260 others. A fourth person, an MIT police officer, was ambushed and killed in his patrol car three days after the bombings as Tsarnaev and his brother, Tamerlan, allegedly ran from police. Tamerlan Tsarnaev, 26, was killed after a gunbattle with police. On Tuesday, Brown identified Dzhokhar Tsarnaev in court as the man he saw come out of the boat and get taken into custody. In the writings on the panels, some of Tsarnaev's words were struck out by bullet holes. "I'm jealous of my brother who ha (bullet hole) ceived the reward of jannutul Firdaus (inshallah) before me," one of the writings said, referring to the word for paradise. "I do not mourn because his soul is very much alive. God has a plan for each person. Mine was to hide in this boat and shed some light on our actions." Tsarnaev's connections: Who's who . Tsarnaev's defense has argued that he indeed participated in the bombings, but that he was influenced by his radicalized brother. In his writings on the boat, Tsarnaev asked Allah to allow him to reach the highest levels of heaven. "The US Government is killing our innocent civilians but most of you already know that. As a (bullet hole) I can't stand to see such evil go unpunished. We Muslims are one body, you hurt one you hurt us all. Well at least that's how muhhammad (bullet hole) wanted it to be (for)ever," Tsarnaev wrote in the boat. Also Tuesday, prosecutors called on FBI agent Steve Kimball to discuss two Twitter accounts linked to Tsarnaev. One, @J_tsar, contained 1,100 tweets and was the more mainstream of the two. "I shall die young," @J_tsar tweeted on April 12, 2012. And four days later, on the day of the 2012 Boston Marathon, a tweet from the account read, "They will spend their money & they will regret it & they will be defeated." Timeline of the bombings, manhunt and aftermath . Prosecutors argued that these tweets indicate an attack on the Boston Marathon was on his mind a year before the bombings. Tsarnaev attorney Miriam Conrad, who opted not to cross-examine the bombing survivors who testified during the first week of the trial, got Kimball to acknowledge that some of his information about the tweets came from other agents and that he didn't check them out for himself. Conrad also established that some of the tweets appeared to be rap lyrics. CNN's Ann O'Neill reported from Boston, and Mariano Castillo wrote in Atlanta. | A police officer testifies about the writings Dzhokhar Tsarnaev scrawled on a boat . The boat was Tsarnaev's final hideout before his arrest . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Five-time NFL Most Valuable Player Peyton Manning will return for an 18th NFL season and has agreed to a $4 million paycut with the Denver Broncos. The Denver Post and ESPN on Wednesday reported that Manning's pay will be cut from $19 million to $15 million. The Broncos are expected to make an official announcement of the deal today(Thursday), once the 38-year-old Manning passes a medical exam. He has spent the week considering his options while sunning it up in Miami Beach, Florida with his wife Ashley and two children. Off season: Peyton Manning took some time out with family to ponder his NFL career as rumors of his retirement loomed. The family time must have helped as he has now decided to continue his career . Family man: After taking his physical and signing his revised contract Thursday at Broncos headquarters, Manning will head home until the Broncos reconvene April 13 for the start of offseason workouts . Manning's return raises the prospect of him becoming, at 39, the oldest QB to win Superbowl, should the Denver Broncos win it later this year. On Tuesday he swapped his football kit for a tight white T-shirt and snazzy swimming shorts as he played with his young children at the pool. He was also spotted making phone calls out of the water, while admiring his wife Ashley's beach-ready body. Peyton has a holiday home in South Florida where he likes to relax, workout and train before the NFL season kicks off. After taking his physical and signing his revised contract Thursday at Broncos headquarters, Manning will head home until the Broncos reconvene April 13 for the start of offseason workouts. The team's general manager, John Elway, said in February that the quarterback would thrive in the team's new offensive system. Sunning it up: Manning's wife Ashley joined him by the pool flaunting her beach-ready body . Head-turner: The mother-of-two opted for a simple string bikini as she soaked up the warm weather . When business calls: Manning was also spotted making phone calls out of the water, while admiring his wife Ashley's beach-ready body . Good sport: The father-of-two protected his skin from the sun in T-shirts and a baseball cap . Low profile: Mrs Manning has said in the past that prefers to stay away from the media . Manning, who turns 39 on March 24, threw for 39 touchdowns and 15 interceptions last season in leading Denver to the AFC West division title with a 12-4 record. Off the field, the father-of-two runs his own charity, the Peyback Foundation, which helps disadvantaged children in the areas of Louisiana, Tennessee, and Indiana. In 2012, Manning also purchased 21 Papa John's Pizza franchises in the state of Colorado. Motherly love: The Mannings, who met while they were in college, have boy and girl twins together . Keeping in shape: Peyton has a holiday home in South Florida where he likes to works out and train before the NFL season kicks off . Birthday boy: The sports star will turn 39 on March 24 (seen above with his wife and son) Glittering career: Manning threw for 39 touchdowns and 15 interceptions last season in leading Denver to the AFC West division title with a 12-4 record . | The 38-year-old Denver Broncos quarterback will take a pay cut from $19 million to $15 million. On Tuesday he swapped his soccer kit for a tight white T-shirt and snazzy swimming shorts as he played with his young children in the pool . He was also spotted making phone calls out of the water, while admiring his wife Ashley's beach-ready body . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | London (CNN)Prince Charles and his wife, Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, are to spend the next four days in the United States, visiting the nation's capital and Louisville, Kentucky. The couple arrived in Washington on Tuesday evening. Many people will remember Charles from the day in July 1981 when, as a dashing young prince, he kissed his shy bride, Diana, on the balcony of Buckingham Palace in front of the eyes of the world. But many things have changed since then, including their divorce, Diana's death in a car accident in 1997 and his marriage to Camilla, now Duchess of Cornwall. Here are five things to know about the Prince of Wales: . While a lot of attention in recent years has been focused on his sons, Princes William and Harry, Charles is next in line to the British throne. His mother, Queen Elizabeth II, has ruled for more than 60 years (in fact, in September she is expected to overtake her great-great-grandmother Queen Victoria for the title of Britain's longest-reigning monarch.) Her longevity is welcomed by her subjects, but it means that Charles, at age 66, has spent a long time as a monarch-in-waiting. He's also now a grandfather, thanks to the birth of Prince George in 2013. Charles and Camilla tied the knot on April 9, 2005. The couple first visited the United States together as newlyweds, and Camilla was confronted by hard-core Princess Diana fans with abusive placards. Polls at the time found that between 57% and 73% of Brits opposed Charles' new wife being known as queen. If you go back even further, to 1997, the year Diana died, an Ipsos MORI poll put it at 86%. But there's been a change in sentiment since they married. A new poll conducted by ComRes for CNN found that only 35% now oppose Camilla being known as queen. Nearly one in four said they liked her more now than they did 10 years ago. In an exclusive interview with CNN royal correspondent Max Foster, Charles opened up about the couple's relationship. He met Camilla years before he wed Diana, who famously said in a 1995 BBC TV interview that "there were three of us in this marriage, so it was a bit crowded." Reporter's notebook: Interviewing the royal couple . The prince has admitted talking to his plants in past TV interviews, inviting ridicule from some quarters. But as part of his interest in sustainability, he has championed organic farming and gardening for many years, including on his large country estates. He has a fully functioning organic farm at Highgrove estate in Gloucestershire, England, and founded his own organic food brand, Duchy Originals, which now turns a healthy profit and helps fund his charitable foundation. According to his official website, he's an advocate of traditional rural skills and enjoys hedge laying. Charles has riled some people over the years with his outspoken views on architecture, which prioritize the traditional over the modern. In 1984, he made headlines when he described a proposed modern extension to the National Gallery in London as "a monstrous carbuncle," according to news reports from the time. He's also invited controversy by reportedly writing to ministers -- and even the Prime Minister -- on subjects close to his heart. This intervention in the public sphere has troubled those who believe the royals should not get involved in such debates and worry that, once king, Charles may not remain above politics in the way that his mother has. In a piece published by The Architectural Review in December, Charles explained his thinking on architecture, saying "designing places according to the human scale and with Nature at the heart of the process has always been my central concern." The future king has often been photographed on the ski slopes of Europe and in the past has also tried his hand at water skiing, surfing and scuba diving. He was a keen polo player for more than four decades, only retiring from the sport in 2005. This is despite breaking his arm in two places when he fell off a pony during a polo match in 1990. He also climbed in the saddle as a jockey on a number of occasions. His website also describes him as an "experienced watercolourist" who likes to paint in the open air at home and on his travels. | Prince Charles and Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, are visiting the United States . Charles, an advocate of organic farming and traditional architecture, is heir to British throne . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | It was a good night for Premier League misfits at the NRGi Park as Denmark beat the USA thanks to a Nicklas Bendtner hat-trick after Jozy Altidore had opened the scoring for the visitors. On an evening when Tottenham's Christian Eriksen became the youngest Dane to win 50 international caps, Altidore, who could only muster a single goal in the English top flight during an 18-month spell at Sunderland, put the USA ahead after 19 minutes in Aarhus. But the Danes were soon level through former Arsenal forward Bendtner. Aron Johannsson restored Jurgen Klinsmann's side's lead before Bendtner scored twice in the final seven minutes to seal his hat-trick and earn victory for Morten Olsen's side. Nicklas Bendtner celebrates with his team-mates after firing the home side level during the first half . Bendtner scored a hat-trick, including two in the last seven minutes, as Denmark beat USA 3-2 . Jozy Altidore is congratulated by his team-mates after giving the visitors the lead after 19 minutes . Denmark: Andersen, Wass, Kjaer, Sviatchenko, Boilesen, Kvist, Krohn-Dehli, Poulsen, Eriksen, Bendtner, Vibe . Subs: Schmeichel, Lossl, Jacobsen, Jorgensen, Hansen, Poulsen, Christiansen, Delaney, Schone, Braithwaite . Scorer(s): Bendtner 33, 84, 91 . Booked: Kvist, Christiansen . Manager: Morten Olsen . USA: Rimando, Garza, Brooks, Orozco, Chandler, Bradley, Bedoya, Zardes, Johnson, Johannsson, Altidore . Subs: Yarbrough, Ream, Alvarado, Yedlin, Shea, Morales, Ibarra, Williams, Green, Rubin . Scorer(s): Altidore 19, Johannssen 66 . Booked: Alvarado, Garza, Altidore . Manager: Jurgen Kilnsmann . Referee: Mattias Gestranius . Denmark started the international friendly on the front foot but found themselves a goal behind when Altidore, who joined Toronto in January as part of the deal that saw Jermain Defoe return to England, stroked home Timmy Chandler's cross. The goal failed to alter the pattern of the game and the home side were level on 33 minutes. The Wolfsburg forward found himself in acres of space in the six yard box after the US defence failed to deal with Lasse Vibe's pass before Bendtner swept home. Johannsson gave the away side the lead - once more against the run of play - after 66 minutes when the AZ forward pounced in the box after Altidore's unselfish pass. As Denmark looked to be heading towards a home defeat Bedntner was on hand to grab his second to draw the hosts level for a second time in the 84th minute. And the game was won in injury time with the pick of the five goals. Eriksen played played a diagonal pass though to Bendtner who, with one touch brought the ball under control, before firing the ball into the bottom corner. Tottenham midfielder Christian Eriksen made his 50th Denmark appearance against the USA . Denmark's Daniel Wass and Fabian Johnson vie for the ball during the friendly match on Wednesday . | Jozy Altidore opened the scoring for the visitors after 19 minutes . Nicklas Bendtner capitalised on poor defending to level before the break . Aron Johannsson put Jurgen Klinsmann's side back ahead in 66th minute . Bendtner drew Denmark level for a second time with seven minutes left . Bendtner sealed his hat-trick in injury time to earn hosts the win . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Under-fire Manchester United manager Louis van Gaal insists his team have done ‘rather well’ this season and that he has great chemistry with his players at Old Trafford despite widespread discontent among supporters over recent results and the team’s style of play. United’s indifferent league form and FA Cup exit against Arsenal on Monday have led to doubts on whether the current squad are buying into van Gaal’s ‘philosophy’. However, the Dutchman has robustly defended his record. Louis van Gaal is targeting second place in the Barclays Premier League with a late push in the run-in . The Manchester United manager believes catching local rivals Manchester City is an achievable target . City are just five points ahead of United in the Premier League table, with Arsenal four behind City . ‘We lost the first match against Swansea and had a bad start but in spite of the bad start we are a stable club in the top four,’ said Van Gaal. ‘When you are so long there after such a bad start, I think we’ve done rather well. The coming matches are very decisive. We are so close to a lot of clubs. We can be second or third. It is not a big difference, I believe. 'Manchester United have to be one of the teams who have to play in the Champions League.' United have only lost twice in the league since early November but have ridden their luck in certain games and are currently fourth, 10 points behind leaders Chelsea, and in grave danger of not qualifying for the Champions League for the second successive season. The financial implications of missing out would be devastating but Van Gaal insists that is not his concern. ‘I don’t think that I’m here to think about the financial consequences, that is (for) Ed Woodward,’ he argued. ‘I’m here to manage the professional football department.’ Manchester United have attracted unwelcome publicity all season. Expensive signings Angel di Maria, Juan Mata and Radamel Falcao have failed to shine. Van Gaal said that United 'have to be one of the teams' who play in the Champions League next season . City and United face each other before the end of the season, and that could make a big difference . Sergio Aguero and Co haven't been up to their usual standards at the Etihad and that could help United . Last weekend, defender Jonny Evans was banned for six matches for spitting at Newcastle’s Papiss Cisse. A bullish Van Gaal declared his relationship with the United squad is first-class. ‘When I think the chemistry between the players and the manager is not good enough anymore, then I go, he added. ‘But when I see this chemistry between myself and my players then I don’t have any doubts,’ Manuel Pellegrini will have his eyes on the teams behind him... as well as Chelsea in front . Ryan Giggs and Van Gaal haven't had the greatest season but are still well in with a chance of a top four spot . Van Gaal rejected the opportunity to discuss how close he came to having Mauricio Pochettino's job . Pochettino was believed to be on a shortlist with Van Gaal before he was given the Spurs job last summer . | Louis van Gaal wants to finish second in the Barclays Premier League . There is a five point gap between United and Manchester City in second . He sees games against Tottenham, Liverpool and City as opportunities . Van Gaal says United 'have to be' in next year's Champions League . Dutchman is confident he will be a success this year and in the future . He rejected chance to discuss how close he came to joining Tottenham . |
What is the Winged Victory monument? | The Winged Victory of Samothrace, or the Nike of Samothrace, is a votive monument originally found on the island of Samothrace, north of the Aegean Sea. It is a masterpiece of Greek sculpture from the Hellenistic era, dating from the beginning of the 2nd century BC. It is composed of a statue representing the goddess Niké (Victory), whose head and arms are missing, and its base in the shape of a ship's bow.
The total height of the monument is 5.57 meters including the socle; the statue alone measures 2.75 meters. The sculpture is one of a small number of major Hellenistic statues surviving in the original, rather than Roman copies. Winged Victory has been exhibited at the Louvre Museum in Paris, at the top of the main staircase, since 1884. | The Winged Victory is a Greek statue representing the Goddess Nike, minus her head and arms, the base of which is carved to look like a ship's bow. This sculpture dates back to the beginning of the 2nd century BC, and is notable because it survives in its Greek original, not as a Roman copy. It is exhibited at the Louvre Museum in Paris, at the top of the main staircase. |
How popular were figs in ancient Rome? | Traditional dried fruit such as raisins, figs, dates, apricots and apples have been a staple of Mediterranean diets for millennia. This is due partly to their early cultivation in the Middle Eastern region known as the Fertile Crescent, made up by parts of modern Iran, Iraq, southwest Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Israel, and northern Egypt. Drying or dehydration also happened to be the earliest form of food preservation: grapes, dates, and figs that fell from the tree or vine would dry in the hot sun. Early hunter-gatherers observed that these fallen fruit took on an edible form, and valued them for their stability as well as their concentrated sweetness.
The earliest recorded mention of dried fruits can be found in Mesopotamian tablets dating to about 1500 BC, which contain what are probably the oldest known written recipes. These clay slabs, written in Akkadian, the daily language of Babylonia, were inscribed in cuneiform and tell of diets based on grains (barley, millet, wheat), vegetables and fruits such as dates, figs, apples, pomegranates, and grapes. These early civilizations used dates, date juice evaporated into syrup and raisins as sweeteners. They included dried fruits in their breads for which they had more than 300 recipes, from simple barley bread for the workers to very elaborate, spiced cakes with honey for the palaces and temples.
The date palm was one of the first cultivated trees. It was domesticated in Mesopotamia more than 5,000 years ago. It grew abundantly in the Fertile Crescent and it was so productive (an average date palm produces 50 kg (100 lbs) of fruit a year for 60 years or more) that dates were the cheapest of staple foods. Because they were so valuable, they were well recorded in Assyrian and Babylonian monuments and temples. The villagers in Mesopotamia dried them and ate them as sweets. Whether fresh, soft-dried or hard-dried, they helped to give character to meat dishes and grain pies. They were valued by travelers for their energy and were recommended as stimulants against fatigue.
Figs were also prized in early Mesopotamia, Palestine, Israel, and Egypt where their daily use was probably greater than or equal to that of dates. As well as appearing in wall paintings, many specimens have been found in Egyptian tombs as funerary offerings. In Greece and Crete, figs grew very readily and they were the staple of poor and rich alike, particularly in their dried form.
Grape cultivation first began in Armenia and the eastern regions of the Mediterranean in the 4th century BC. Raisins were produced by drying grapes in the hot desert sun. Very quickly, viticulture and raisin production spread across northern Africa including Morocco and Tunisia. The Phoenicians and the Egyptians popularized the production of raisins, probably due to the perfect arid environment for sun drying. They put them in jars for storage and allotted them to the different temples by the thousands. They also added them to breads and various pastries, some made with honey, some with milk and eggs.
From the Middle East, these fruits spread through Greece to Italy where they became a major part of the diet. Ancient Romans consumed raisins in spectacular quantities and at all levels of society, including them as a key part of their common meals, along with olives and fresh fruits. Raisined breads were common for breakfast and were consumed with their grains, beans, and cultured milks. Raisins were so valued that they transcended the food realm and became rewards for successful athletes, as well as premium barter currency.
Having dried fruits was essential in ancient Rome as these instructions for housekeepers around 100 BC tell: "She must keep a supply of cooked food on hand for you and the servants. She must keep many hens and have plenty of eggs. She must have a large store of dried pears, sorbs, figs, raisins, sorbs in must, preserved pears and grapes and quinces. She must also keep preserved grapes in grape-pulp and in pots buried in the ground, as well as fresh Praenestine nuts kept in the same way, and Scantian quinces in jars, and other fruits that are usually preserved, as well as wild fruits. All these she must store away diligently every year."
Figs were also extremely popular in Rome. Dried figs were added to bread and formed a major part of the winter food of country people. They were rubbed with spices such as cumin, anise and fennel seeds, or toasted sesame, wrapped in fig leaves and stored in jars. Today, major producing regions include Israel, Jerusalem, Gaza and many other Arabic countries. Dried figs are rich in vitamins, phosphorus and various other important minerals.
Plums, apricots and peaches had their origins in Asia. They were domesticated in China in the 3rd millennium BC and spread to the Fertile Crescent where they were also very popular, fresh and dried alike. They arrived in Greece and Italy much later and were very expensive but valued in the preparation of gourmet dishes with port or stewed with honey and spices. | Figs were extremely popular in Rome. Dried figs were added to bread and formed a major part of the winter food of country people. They were rubbed with spices such as cumin, anise and fennel seeds, or toasted sesame, wrapped in fig leaves and stored in jars. |
As Chancellor for the Universities of Uppsala and Lund, what did De Geer promote? | In 1876 De Geer became the first Prime Minister of Sweden following a reform where the previous offices of Prime Minister for Justice (which he held at the time) and Prime Minister for Foreign Affairs were changed into Minister for Justice and a Minister for Foreign Affairs. He served until April 1880, when the failure of his repeated efforts to settle the armaments issue again induced him to resign. From 1881 to 1888 he was Chancellor for the Universities of Uppsala and Lund. He was an advocate of free trade and economic liberalism. Some argue that it was De Geer who laid the foundations for the strong economic growth in Sweden from 1870 to 1970. | While holding this position, De Geer promoted free trade and economic liberalism. |
From the passage identify the areas where cytokines can help the host immune responses. Display the results in a comma separated format. | Cytokines are a broad and loose category of small proteins (~5–25 kDa) important in cell signaling. Cytokines are peptides and cannot cross the lipid bilayer of cells to enter the cytoplasm. Cytokines have been shown to be involved in autocrine, paracrine and endocrine signaling as immunomodulating agents.Cytokines include chemokines, interferons, interleukins, lymphokines, and tumour necrosis factors, but generally not hormones or growth factors (despite some overlap in the terminology). Cytokines are produced by a broad range of cells, including immune cells like macrophages, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes and mast cells, as well as endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and various stromal cells; a given cytokine may be produced by more than one type of cell. They act through cell surface receptors and are especially important in the immune system; cytokines modulate the balance between humoral and cell-based immune responses, and they regulate the maturation, growth, and responsiveness of particular cell populations. Some cytokines enhance or inhibit the action of other cytokines in complex ways. They are different from hormones, which are also important cell signaling molecules. Hormones circulate in higher concentrations, and tend to be made by specific kinds of cells. Cytokines are important in health and disease, specifically in host immune responses to infection, inflammation, trauma, sepsis, cancer, and reproduction.The word comes from the ancient Greek language: cyto, from Greek κύτος, kytos, 'cavity, cell' + kines, from Greek κίνησις, kinēsis, 'movement'. | infection, inflammation, trauma, sepsis, cancer, reproduction |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Marshawn Lynch will remain with the Seattle Seahawks. The enigmatic running back had apparently pondered retirement, but he penned a new two-year, $24million extension to keep him in the NFL until 2017. Lynch travelled to Seattle to meet owner Paul Allen and Seahawks top brass and put pen to paper, according to NFL Insider Ian Rapoport. Marshawn Lynch has signed a new two-year deal which will keep him in Seattle until 2017 . Lynch propelled Seattle to within a yard of back-to-back Super Bowl titles, but the Seahawks were thwarted . The 28-year-old has rushed for over 1,200 yards for each of the past four seasons. Since joining Seattle from Buffalo in 2010, no running back has rushed for more touchdowns than Lynch, with 54. If Russell Wilson is the face of the franchise, 'Beast Mode' is its heart and soul. After helping Seattle to their first Vince Lombardi trophy in 2014, Lynch played through the pain of a compressed cartilage in his back and carried the Seahawks to within a yard of retaining their title. Lynch gave a lengthy interview to Turkish TV station NTV Spor last week about the final play of Super Bowl XLIX. 'To be honest with you, I would be lying if I didn't tell you that I was expecting the ball. Yes, I was expecting the ball. 'But in life, these things happen. Like I told a reporter after the game, it's a team sport.' The Seahawks also announced they have terminated the contract of tight end Zach Miller. | Lynch has signed the deal after uncertainty surrounding his future . The running back had threatened to retire after suffering with a back injury . But Lynch, who put Seattle to within a yard of retaining the Super Bowl, stays at the franchise after meeting with owner Paul Allen and top brass . |
Please give me a summary of the current rule set for roller derby. | Roller derby is played in two periods of 30 minutes.: 4 Two teams of up to 15 players each field up to five members for episodes called "jams". Jams last two minutes unless called off prematurely.: 5 Each team designates a scoring player (the "jammer"); the other four members are "blockers". One blocker can be designated as a "pivot"—a blocker who is allowed to become a jammer in the course of play.: 7 The next jam may involve different players of the 15 roster players, and different selections for jammer and pivot.: 7
During each jam, players skate counterclockwise on a circuit track. Points are scored only by a team's jammer. After breaking through the pack and skating one lap to begin another "trip" through the pack, the jammer scores one point for passing any opposing blocker.: 33 [note 1] The rules describe an "earned" pass; notably, the jammer must be in-bounds and upright. The jammer's first earned pass scores a point for passing that blocker and a point for each opponent blocker not on the track (for instance, serving a penalty, or when the opposition did not field five players for the jam). If the jammer passes the entire pack, it is a four-point scoring trip, commonly called a "grand slam".[note 1]
Each team's blockers use body contact, changing positions, and other tactics to help their jammer score while hindering the opposing team's jammer. | A roller derby bout consists of two 30 minute halves.
Players will be on the track for a series of two minute intervals.Each team will have 5 players on the track at one time.
Four players from each are designated blockers, and will play both offense and defense at the same time.
Each team will field one jammer who is the main point scoring skater.
Jammers earn points for passing blockers from the opposing team. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Ezequiel Lavezzi has posted a picture of himself with some of his team-mates on his official Instagram account, as Argentina linked up ahead of their international friendlies with El Salvador and Ecuador. The PSG winger is included in the national squad for the first time since the World Cup final against Germany in Rio de Janiero last July. Argentina play El Salvador on Saturday at FedEx Field in Washington, and then face Ecuador at the MetLife Stadium in New Jersey three days later. Ezequiel Lavezzi (back row, centre) poses with his Argentina team-mates after joining up with the squad . PSG winger Lavezzi (right) has been included in the Argentina squad for the first time since the World Cup . Lavezzi has made 37 appearances for his country since making his debut in 2007, scoring four goals . Lavezzi is joined in the squad by forwards Lionel Messi, Sergio Aguero and Gonzalo Higuain. Despite struggling to adapt to English football, Manchester United's Angel di Maria is also included. There was no room, however, for Manchester City defender Martin Demichelis, who was a regular starter for Argentina during their World Cup campaign. The friendly matches against El Salvador and Ecuador come as part of preparation for June's Copa America in Chilie, where Argentina will take on holders Uruguay, Paraguay and Jamaica in Group B when the tournament kicks off. Barcelona forward Lionel Messi (right) dribbles with the ball away from Real Madrid's Toni Kroos (centre) Manchester City striker Sergio Aguero (right) shields the ball from the oncoming Darren Fletcher (left) Manchester United winger Angel di Maria (right) has also been included in the Argentina squad this month . | Ezequiel Lavezzi has posted a picture posing with the Argentina squad ahead of their friendly matches against El Salvador and Ecuador . The 29-year-old is returning to the national side for the first time since the World Cup final against Germany last July . Lionel Messi, Sergio Aguero, Angel di Maria and Carlos Tevez have also been included in the squad . |
How is binary search vs other searching schemes? | Sorted arrays with binary search are a very inefficient solution when insertion and deletion operations are interleaved with retrieval, taking
O(n) time for each such operation. In addition, sorted arrays can complicate memory use especially when elements are often inserted into the array. There are other data structures that support much more efficient insertion and deletion. Binary search can be used to perform exact matching and set membership (determining whether a target value is in a collection of values). There are data structures that support faster exact matching and set membership. However, unlike many other searching schemes, binary search can be used for efficient approximate matching, usually performing such matches in
O(log n) time regardless of the type or structure of the values themselves. In addition, there are some operations, like finding the smallest and largest element, that can be performed efficiently on a sorted array.
Linear search:
Linear search is a simple search algorithm that checks every record until it finds the target value. Linear search can be done on a linked list, which allows for faster insertion and deletion than an array. Binary search is faster than linear search for sorted arrays except if the array is short, although the array needs to be sorted beforehand. All sorting algorithms based on comparing elements, such as quicksort and merge sort, require at least
O(nlog n) comparisons in the worst case. Unlike linear search, binary search can be used for efficient approximate matching. There are operations such as finding the smallest and largest element that can be done efficiently on a sorted array but not on an unsorted array.
Trees:
Binary search trees are searched using an algorithm similar to binary search.
A binary search tree is a binary tree data structure that works based on the principle of binary search. The records of the tree are arranged in sorted order, and each record in the tree can be searched using an algorithm similar to binary search, taking on average logarithmic time. Insertion and deletion also require on average logarithmic time in binary search trees. This can be faster than the linear time insertion and deletion of sorted arrays, and binary trees retain the ability to perform all the operations possible on a sorted array, including range and approximate queries.
However, binary search is usually more efficient for searching as binary search trees will most likely be imperfectly balanced, resulting in slightly worse performance than binary search. This even applies to balanced binary search trees, binary search trees that balance their own nodes, because they rarely produce the tree with the fewest possible levels. Except for balanced binary search trees, the tree may be severely imbalanced with few internal nodes with two children, resulting in the average and worst-case search time approaching
n comparisons. Binary search trees take more space than sorted arrays.
Binary search trees lend themselves to fast searching in external memory stored in hard disks, as binary search trees can be efficiently structured in filesystems. The B-tree generalizes this method of tree organization. B-trees are frequently used to organize long-term storage such as databases and filesystems.
Hashing:
For implementing associative arrays, hash tables, a data structure that maps keys to records using a hash function, are generally faster than binary search on a sorted array of records.Most hash table implementations require only amortized constant time on average.However, hashing is not useful for approximate matches, such as computing the next-smallest, next-largest, and nearest key, as the only information given on a failed search is that the target is not present in any record. Binary search is ideal for such matches, performing them in logarithmic time. Binary search also supports approximate matches. Some operations, like finding the smallest and largest element, can be done efficiently on sorted arrays but not on hash tables.
Set membership algorithms:
A related problem to search is set membership. Any algorithm that does lookup, like binary search, can also be used for set membership. There are other algorithms that are more specifically suited for set membership. A bit array is the simplest, useful when the range of keys is limited. It compactly stores a collection of bits, with each bit representing a single key within the range of keys. Bit arrays are very fast, requiring only
O(1) time.The Judy1 type of Judy array handles 64-bit keys efficiently.
For approximate results, Bloom filters, another probabilistic data structure based on hashing, store a set of keys by encoding the keys using a bit array and multiple hash functions. Bloom filters are much more space-efficient than bit arrays in most cases and not much slower: with
k hash functions, membership queries require only
O(k) time. However, Bloom filters suffer from false positives.
Other data structures:
There exist data structures that may improve on binary search in some cases for both searching and other operations available for sorted arrays. For example, searches, approximate matches, and the operations available to sorted arrays can be performed more efficiently than binary search on specialized data structures such as van Emde Boas trees, fusion trees, tries, and bit arrays. These specialized data structures are usually only faster because they take advantage of the properties of keys with a certain attribute (usually keys that are small integers), and thus will be time or space consuming for keys that lack that attribute. As long as the keys can be ordered, these operations can always be done at least efficiently on a sorted array regardless of the keys. Some structures, such as Judy arrays, use a combination of approaches to mitigate this while retaining efficiency and the ability to perform approximate matching. | Sorted arrays with the binary search are a very inefficient solution when insertion and deletion operations are interleaved with retrieval. In addition, sorted arrays can complicate memory use especially when elements are often inserted into the array.
Binary search is faster than linear search for sorted arrays except if the array is short, although the array needs to be sorted beforehand.
Binary search is usually more efficient for searching as binary search trees will most likely be imperfectly balanced, resulting in slightly worse performance than binary search.
a data structure that maps keys to records using a hash function, is generally faster than binary search on a sorted array of records. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Adnan Januzaj, James Wilson and Paddy McNair turned out for Manchester United's Under 21 side on Monday night. The trio were hoping to force their way into Louis van Gaal's plans by impressing against Everton at Southport's Haig Avenue. Winger Adnan Januzaj hopes to force his way into Louis van Gaal's plans . Man United striker James Wilson scored but then hobbled off before half-time . Wilson opened the scoring in the eighth minute by firing home the rebound after Andreas Pereira's shot had been parried by keeper Russell Griffiths. But the striker was forced off in the 40th minute after failing to shake off the effects of a heavy challenge early on in the match. Paddy McNair (L) celebrated Northern Ireland call-up by scoring against Everton . McNair, called up by Northern Ireland for their matches against Scotland and Finland later this month, doubled United's advantage just before half-time when a clearance fell to the defender and he lobbed the ball into an unguarded net. Jonjoe Kenny scored a late consolation from the penalty spot for Everton but the Reds held out for a hard-earned success. The 2-1 victory consolidated top spot in the Barclays Under-21 Premier League table. | Manchester United striker James Wilson opened scoring in eighth minute . Wilson then hobbled off however in the 40th minute . Paddy McNair doubled Man United's advantage by lobbing Everton keeper . The trio were hoping to force their way into Louis van Gaal's plans . READ: Januzaj insists he will play anywhere to get into Man Utd XI . CLICK HERE for all the latest Manchester United news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | She's blissfully content in a long-term relationship with Bradley Cooper, but if the Hollywood heartthrob wants to avoid getting the green-eyed monster, he may want to look away now. In her latest campaign, model Suki Waterhouse gets ups close and personal with British musician George Le Page wearing nothing but a Burberry heritage cashmere scarf. The duo can be seen in a close embrace with Suki's lipstick marks on George's cheek. The racy and flirty campaign, which promotes Burberry Kisses - the brand’s most extensive range of lipsticks - was shot in London by photographer Mario Testino, under the creative direction of Chief Creative and Chief Executive Officer Christopher Bailey. Scroll down for video . Suki Waterhouse gets ups close and personal with British musician George Le Page wearing nothing but a Burberry heritage cashmere scarf in her latest Burberry beauty campaign to promote the brand's lipsticks . The make-up look for the campaign, developed by Burberry Make-up Artistic Consultant, Wendy Rowe, features radiant glowing skin with Burberry Kisses in Military Red, a signature shade from the new range - and doesn't Suki wear it well. Always one to spot new talent (Christopher has previously tapped James Bay and Tom Odell for his shows), the campaign is accompanied by the dulcet tones of British Burberry Acoustic musician, Misty Miller. Model Suki showcases radiant glowing skin with Burberry Kisses in Military Red, a signature shade from the new range - and doesn't she wear it well . Suki, whose seventh campaign this is for the luxury brand, gets up close and personal with George, who also stars in the brand's SS15 campaign alongside Jourdan Dunn and Naomi Campbell . Suki has long been a Burberry family member and is also the face of Brit Rhythm Floral Eau De Toilette . This is Burberry stalwart Suki's seventh campaign for the luxury brand; alongside her role as the current face of new Brit Rhythm Floral Eau De Toilette and the Spring/Summer 2015 Burberry Make-up collection. George Le Page, meanwhile, who drums in Of Empires, is the current face of the brand’s Spring/Summer 2015 main campaign alongside Jourdan Dunn, Naomi Campbell and George Barnett. Buildable, moisturising and lightweight, Burberry Kisses lipsticks are designed to feel like second skin on the lips. The finish promises to be luminous and even, with lips left feeling smooth and hydrated; so will Suki be testing it out on Bradley? Suki, 23, giggles under the direction of industry heavyweight Mario Testino in these behind the scenes shots . The pair were last spotted together at the 2015 Academy Awards last Sunday. The fashionista had initially arrived separately from her boyfriend, but was later seen with him inside the venue where they comprised the perfect couple. After two years of dating, Suki and Bradley are reportedly ready to take the next big step in their relationship. The Hollywood actor, 40, is said to be on the lookout for a London pad for himself and the 23-year-old beauty as he prepares for his 12-week stint in West End show The Elephant Man from May. Suki and Bradley were last spotted together at the 2015 Academy Awards last Sunday but Suki, dressed in Burberry, of course, arrived separately . After two years of dating, Suki and Bradley, pictured at Wimbledon last summer, are reportedly ready to take the next big step in their relationship . | Suki, 23, and musician George star in Burberry Kisses campaign . Flirt on set wearing nothing but a Burberry heritage cashmere scarf . Suki and Bradley have been dating for two years . |
Based on the following paragraph on paleontology, what's the difference between paleontology and archaeology? | Paleontology lies on the border between biology and geology, but differs from archaeology in that it excludes the study of anatomically modern humans. It now uses techniques drawn from a wide range of sciences, including biochemistry, mathematics, and engineering. Use of all these techniques has enabled paleontologists to discover much of the evolutionary history of life, almost all the way back to when Earth became capable of supporting life, nearly 4 billion years ago. As knowledge has increased, paleontology has developed specialised sub-divisions, some of which focus on different types of fossil organisms while others study ecology and environmental history, such as ancient climates. | Paleontology differs from archaeology in that archaeology includes the study of anatomically modern humans whereas paleontology does not. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Former Premier League star Jermaine Jenas must have left a lasting impression on Noel Gallagher during the duo's recent Match of the Day 2 appearance. Former Forest player Jenas, who had spells with Tottenham Hotspur and Queens Park Rangers among others, sat in the studio with the former Oasis man last month to evaluate the days' games. And it must have been more than just football that the duo had in common as the 32-year-old took to Twitter on Friday night to give his followers a brief glimpse behind the scenes at one of Gallagher's gigs. Noel Gallagher poses backstage with Jermaine Jenas' wife and friends at a gig at the Nottingham Arena . Jenas celebrates with former Tottenham Hotspur striker Gareth Bale at Stoke City's Britannia Stadium . The former Oasis man was performing at Nottingham's Capital FM Arena, but he still had time to pose with the footballers' wife Ellie and some friends. Jenas was obviously on camera duty as the former England international, who made 21 appearances for the Three Lions scoring one goal, was nowhere to be seen in the picture. Two other people that were nowhere to be seen were MOTD2 duo Mark Lawrenson and Mark Chapman, but Nottingham-born Jenas did at least give the duo a shout-out on social media. There was no sign of Mark Lawrenson and Mark Chapman at the gig but Jenas did give the duo a shout-out . Jenas pictured in action during his time with west London outfit Queens Park Rangers in 2013 . | Jermaine Jenas enjoyed a trip backstage with Noel Gallagher on Friday . Gallagher was performing to fans at Nottingham's Capital FM Arena . Jenas was joined by his wife Ellie and some friends at the concert . The duo have remained friends since appearing on MOTD2 together . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | The BBC has boasted of making ‘vast’ cuts to its celebrity wage bill – but still paid stars a total of nearly £188million last year. Its 14 highest-paid presenters, thought to include Graham Norton, Chris Evans and John Humphrys, took home nearly £12million between them, figures show. A further 230 were paid between £100,000 and £500,000. The figures appear in a report commissioned by its governing body, the BBC Trust, which congratulated the corporation on the ‘great’ progress it has made in cutting its celebrity wage bill. Some of the BBC's highest paid presenters, who are thought to include Graham Norton, left, and Chris Evans, right, took home nearly £12million in pay between them . The corporation has reduced the amount it spends on talent by 15 per cent over the past six financial years, and cut its spend on so-called ‘top talent’ – those earning £100,000 a year or more – by 29 per cent. However, it also slashed the number of presenters on screen or radio by around a third over the same period. In the report, seen by the Daily Mail, the BBC congratulated itself on the ‘vast improvements’ it has made since 2008, and the ‘cultural shift’ the BBC has made in allowing itself to lose certain presenters to other channels. It said: ‘There has been a considerable and important internal cultural shift towards greater ownership and scrutiny of talent costs…and a willingness to be more flexible in its approach to talent, including allowing talent to leave where appropriate.’ John Humphrys, left, is thought to another one of the BBC's top earners. The report also highlighted presenters who had left the BBC such as Susanna Reid, right . The report highlighted Jake Humphrey, who moved to BT Vision, and Susanna Reid, the former BBC Breakfast presenter who now co-hosts Good Morning Britain for ITV. But the scale of the salaries the BBC continues to pay out to presenters is unlikely to ease concerns that the BBC is ‘profligate’ with licence fee payers’ money. Last week, the influential Culture, Media and Sport Select Committee slammed the BBC, painting a portrait of an organisation that was inept with public funds, and had blown billions on vanity projects and staff pay-offs. John Whittingdale, chairman of the committee, said last night that the salaries the BBC was awarding talent needed close scrutiny. He explained: ‘The BBC should think long and hard before paying anybody a six-figure-plus salary. It is very hard to justify these sorts of sums. 'If the argument is that [the presenters] would go elsewhere - well, then perhaps the BBC should let them. New BBC Trust chairman Rona Fairhead is to make a speech in Oxford today, where she is expected to reinforce concerns that the BBC wage bill was too high . 'If somebody becomes so successful that they command a very large salary, the BBC is not there to stop them. It is there as an incubator of talent.' The committee's report, Future of the BBC, also called for the abolition of the BBC Trust, saying that the governing body was too close to the Corporation and needed to be replaced with a more rigorous body. A speech by Rona Fairhead, in Oxford today is likely to reinforce some of their concerns. ‘The Trust recognises that the outstanding people on screen and on air are at the heart of the BBC, at the same time we are clear that the BBC has a responsibility to spend money wisely in its approach to talent pay,’ she will say. Mrs Fairhead is also at the centre of another controversy about pay, after it emerged that she received more than £500,000 last year for just 50 days work in non-executive roles at the embattled bank, HSBC. | The BBC has boasted of making 'vast' cuts to its wage bill during last year . But new figures show 14 presenters were paid £12million between them . These are thought to include top names Graham Norton and Chris Evans . Report also highlighted number of presenters who have left the BBC . These include Jake Humphrey and Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid . Comes after a government committee slammed the BBC for being 'inept' with funds . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Peter Quillin has described how the death of his uncle last month will inspire him to dethrone WBO middleweight king Andy Lee when they clash in Brooklyn on April 11. With the New Yorker's dad in prison, uncle Eric Munson had been Quillin's father figure until he lost his fight with cancer five weeks ago. Undefeated 'Kid Chocolate' was already a week into his camp in preparation to fight Lee and, on the advice of his family, he did not break ranks in order to attend his uncle's funeral. Former middleweight world champion Peter Quillin action against Lukas Konecny last year . But Quillin says he was inspired by the visit he made to be by his uncle's side just a week before he died and has warned Lee that he is 'highly motivated' for this fight as a result of it. The 31-year-old said: 'He was the most important person to me in my whole life and it's the first time I've ever lost anybody that close to me. 'When I saw him fighting on his deathbed with cancer, I saw him fight through that until he had nothing left in the tank to fight with. 'That showed me the fight is all in your head. There's no cancer here so I have to do what's worth while I'm still here on this earth. 'I couldn't attend his funeral because I was here in camp. When I saw him it was the week before I started camp and the week after he died. My family told me he would've wanted me to stay in camp. I knew he was proud of me.' Quillin is facing Lee for the title the Irishman won by stopping highly-fancied Matt Korobov in Las Vegas last December. Quillin recently lost his uncle after a battle with cancer but did not interrupt his training to attend the funeral . That night, the pair clashed for the vacant title because Quillin vacated instead of facing Korobov, who had been made his mandatory challenger. As such, the American, who is of Cuban descent, did not lose his title in the ring but insists he no longer feels like the champion. He added: 'I'm going to let Andy have the pressure on him to perform like the champion. I had that pressure but now I have pressure of being a challenger.' Lee and Quillin almost crossed swords three years ago when a fight at Madison Square Garden was mooted as part of the bill on which Matthew Macklin faced Sergio Martinez at Madison Square Garden. Now they will finally meet, across New York at the Barclays Center, and Lee recalled why the fight never happened in 2012. He said: 'I remember when it was proposed at the the time, [former trainer] Emanuel [Steward] turned the fight down because he felt it should have been me fighting Martinez instead of Macklin. 'On top of that they put me in the fight with Quillin on the undercard. They wanted me and Peter to have the hard fight. Lee won his middleweight world title by beating Matt Korobov in Las Vegas last December . Lee celebrates winning his world title . 'Now you have two big middleweights, big for the weight, two genuine punchers and two very good boxers. We match well and it will come down to whoever implements their plan better on the night. We have a plan and we're working on it.' In Lee's last two victories – the win over Korobov and the Knockout of the Year contender against John Jackson in June – the 30-year-old from Limerick has been behind on the scorecards but turned the fight on its head with a single shot. But Lee added: 'At no time in those fights did I feel I was going to lose. I knew at some stage we would have to trade. With the power I carry I know we will have to trade in a 12-round fight and I just know if I land at the right time with my power I can knock anybody out. 'It gives you confidence. People got the wrong impression as a blood and guts fighter but I'm a technical boxer.' That technique, as ever, is being honed under the tutelage of Adam Booth in their training base in Beausoleil in the south of France. They operate within walking distance of one of the world's biggest gambling districts in Monte Carlo and Lee recognises that the stakes could not be higher in Brooklyn next month. He said: 'I could've fought in Ireland, chosen the opponent and beaten someone comfortably for my first defence. But if I fight and beat Peter in New York I will be a global star. People will need to acknowledge what I've been doing. It's a great opportunity to fight in America, on national TV and it takes me to the next level.' | Peter Quillin takes on world champion Andy Lee in Brooklyn on April 11 . Quillin's uncle died after battling cancer while he was in training camp . Quillin did not attend the funeral, instead concentrating on his training . Lee won the WBO middleweight title against Matt Korobov last December . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)At first Raymond Goldstein thought he'd received a spam email. The message to the Cambridge University physicist was asking for help working out the dynamics of hair, specifically the shape of ponytails. Goldstein thought he'd "won the Nigerian lottery." Poised to click delete, he scrolled through the message one more time and discovered it was from global consumer goods giant Unilever. Curiosity piqued, he met with a company representative, and the rest, as they say, is history. Assembling a team of balding physicists, Goldstein set out to tackle the subject, publishing their research in a peer review journal. It detailed the fluid mechanics of hair, drawing on a rich seam of scientific observation stretching back to Da Vinci. They even coined a new term: hairodynamics. Attention from the scientific community soon followed, and within a year they were collecting a Nobel Prize. An Ig Nobel Prize, that is. A satirical cousin to the more esteemed Swedish award, the Ig Nobel seeks to highlight research that first makes you laugh, then makes you think. This year marks their 25th anniversary, so what better time to celebrate the Ig Nobels' contribution to the research community? Every year thousands vie for the awards -- "always sourced from the cheapest materials" according to founder Marc Abrahams -- held at Harvard University. The ceremony is bathos at its finest. Winners receive their awards from genuine Nobel laureates, but speeches are curtailed by a screaming girl declaring her boredom. Each year a cast of professional singers and scientists perform a mini-opera. Last year's was set to Mozart and featured a chorus of microbial bacteria. Past recipients include a man who dressed up as a polar bear to scare reindeer and a study of homosexual necrophilia among mallard ducks (commended by Abrahams for "its high literary quality"). However, not all winners can have such high scientific kudos. The Ig Nobels skewered the U.S. Government in 2012, awarding them the Prize for Literature "for issuing a report about reports about reports that recommends the preparation of a report about the report about reports about reports." You can read it here. In 2009 the Math Prize went to Gideon Gono, then head of Zimbabwe's Reserve Bank, for printing a Z$100 trillion note (while also printing 1c). Last year the Italian National Institute of Statistics landed the Economics Prize for bringing the country out of recession through the use of prostitutes, drugs and smuggling. (The Italian government ended up setting a precedent in Europe, with the UK soon including the so-called "black economy" in its figures -- national GDP jumped by 5% that quarter, equivalent to $15 billion.) As proved by the Ig Nobels, the line between ridiculous and serious research has always been blurred. This is no better reflected than in Dutch-British physicist Andre Geim. In 2000 Geim scooped the Ig Nobel for Biology for using magnets to levitate frogs. Ten years later he went on to receive the Nobel Prize in Physics for his "groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene." It is hard to say which is the greater achievement. Abrahams is currently touring the UK touting the Igs, supported by previous winners such as Goldstein and potential candidates like David Dunstan, who found fame by conducting a two year study into the homing properties of garden snails (his modus operandi: throwing them over the garden fence). Soon Abrahams will have to settle down and sift through what he predicts will be about 9,000 entries, before the anniversary ceremony on September 17. Despite his longstanding and much admired pastiche of the Nobels, he is still yet to be invited to Stockholm for the awards proper. Asked if he would attend if offered the opportunity, Abrahams demurs, saying "he wouldn't want to be a distraction." And as for what the Nobel Prize could learn from his own mischievous creation? "Absolutely nothing." Read more from Make, Create, Innovate: . Great photos from the world's smallest satellites . So long, transistor: How the 'memristor' could revolutionize electronics . Laser procedure can turn brown eyes blue . | The Ig Nobel Prizes will celebrate their 25th anniversary in September this year . Previous winners of the satirical awards have gone on to win an actual Nobel Prize . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Swansea striker Bafetimbi Gomis has returned to France for some rest after collapsing on the pitch against Tottenham last Wednesday. The French striker caused panic when he fainted at White Hart Lane during Swansea's 3-2 defeat to Spurs. But the forward confirmed afterwards that he was fine, and that the collapse had been brought on by emotional stress caused by his father's illness. Bafetimbi Gomis posted pictures of himself in a restaurant in Lyon after recovering from his collapse . Gomis lies face down on the pitch after collapsing during Swansea's game with Tottenham . Medical staff attended to the France international for four minutes before he regained consciousness . Gomis, who has a history of blacking out, is taken off the field on a stretcher at White Hart Lane . With the Swans not playing again until next Monday, Gomis took the chance to return home to visit his family, stopping off for a meal at his favourite restaurant. 'Back in Lyon,' he wrote on his Instagram account. 'Family and some rest during the break, before restarting. I took the opportunity to pay a visit to my friend Marco in one of my favorite places.' Swansea have a week off as they are not involved in the FA Cup quarter-finals, and do not face Liverpool until Monday of next week. Tottenham midfielder Nabil Bentaleb (right) holds his head in his hands as Gomis is taken off on a stretcher . Gomis has a history of fainting and can be seen here collapsing during France national team training in 2009 . | Striker fainted eight minutes into game against Tottenham . Bafetimbi Gomis was discharged from hospital on the same night . Gomis said the collapse was brought about by emotional stress . Player has been home visiting his family during Swansea break . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Barcelona kicked off the biggest week of their season in style by beating Eibar 2-0 thanks to a Lionel Messi double that took him past Cristiano Ronaldo as La Liga’s top scorer this season. Barca play Manchestser City on Wednesday, just four days before the decisive Clasico against Real Madrid at the Camp Nou next Sunday, and Messi led them to victory with his 31st and 32nd goals of the season. He even scored a goal he had never scored before in La Liga – a header direct from a corner. Lionel Messi wheels away in celebration of his first half penalty, which put Barcelona into a 1-0 lead . The Barca star scored his 16th and 17th La Liga goals of 2015 as his side strolled to victory . At the start of the year Ronaldo collected the Balon d’Or and sent an ‘I’m coming for you’ message to Messi who has one more World Player award than the Portuguese. But instead it has been Messi pursuing, catching and over-taking Ronaldo in scoring stakes in Spain. The Real Madrid striker was 12 goals clear of Messi but the Barça number 10 has scored 17 goals in 10 games since the turn of the year and is now in top spot like his team. This was the first time Eibar had played Barcelona in Spain’s top flight – it is with the Catalan club that the contrasts are most stark. They have 5,250 supporters crammed into the league’s smallest ground while Barça’s 99,000 capacity Camp Nou is La Liga’s largest. Barcelona’s budget runs to €540m euros, Eibar’s is €16m; Barça make €140m from their television deal, Eibar make €14m; Barça’s sponsor Qatar Airways pays them €35m a year while the minnows are paid €130,000 by a local steel company. On the pitch there are massive differences too. And the home team came into the game having scored 34 goals – six fewer than Messi. Although it was the Argentine who got the opening goal Barça had to suffer for the breakthrough. Neymar (left) and Ivan Rakitic (right) join Messi in celebration of his 31st minute spot-kick . They almost scored with their first attack when first Messi and then Ivan Rakitic went close after Luis Suarez and Adriano had combined down the left. But with a relatively inexperienced midfield trio of Sergi Roberto between, Rafinha and Rakitic, and faced with a five-man Eibar defence, the first half hour was heavy going. Luis Enrique had decided not to risk Javier Mascherano who was a booking away from missing next week’s Clasico but his presence in a midfield already missing the injured Sergi Busquets was keenly felt at times as the leaders failed to control the game. Messi left five Eibar players behind with one dribble that started inside his own half but the move broke down as soon as he played in a team-mate and Eibar remained on level terms. Resistance was finally broken on the half hour when Suarez went on a driving run into the area and released Messi. Neymar skips past the challenge of Eibar's Borja Ekiza during the La Liga clash . His shot cannoned off a defender and hit the arm of Eibar defender Borja Ekiza. The referee pointed to the spot and although keeper Jaime Jiminez dived the right way Messi’s penalty beat him. The goal sent him one goal past Cristiano Ronaldo in the top scorer list in Spain. It’s been an incredible turnaround since the Real Madrid striker raced to a 12 goal advantage over his nemesis earlier in the campaign. Neymar might have doubled Barça’s lead but Messi’s cross from the byline was cleared before it reached the Brazilian and Eibar made it to the break just the one goal down. Messi was at his very best at times and made a sensational 70-yard run during the first half . Messi set up Barcelona’s first chance of the second period when he slipped Neymar through in the six-yard box only for team-mate to try and fail to nutmeg the goalkeeper. Having failed to create the second he scored it, and with the most unusual of Messi goals. Rakitic took a corner from the right and Messi found space 10 yards out. His header down skidded off the turf and past a defender on the line to make it 2-0. There was time for 35-year-old Xavi to come and make his 750th appearance for Barcelona as the visitors saw out the remaining minutes. Federico Piovaccari hit the bar but Barcelona took the points to mean they stay top a week ahead of the Clasico and four days ahead of the visit of Manchester City. | Lionel Messi scored twice to help Barcelona earn 2-0 victory against Eibar . Messi gave Luis Enrique's side lead with first half penalty . Argentine star doubled Barca's lead with 55th minute header . |
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