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Given this paragraph about roasting peanuts to make peanut butter, what temperature are peanuts roasted using the batch method in celsius? | The dry roasting process employs either the batch or continuous method. In the batch method, peanuts are heated in large quantities in a revolving oven at about 800 °F (430 °C). Next, the peanuts in each batch are uniformly held and roasted in the oven at 320 °F (160 °C) for about 40 to 60 minutes. This method is good to use when the peanuts differ in moisture content. In the continuous method, a hot air roaster is employed. The peanuts pass through the roaster whilst being rocked to permit even roasting. A photometer indicates the completion of dry roasting. This method is favored by large manufacturers since it can lower the rate of spoilage and requires less labor. | Peanuts are heated in a revolving oven at about 430 °C using the batch method. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | It took a full and frank exchange of views to rejuvenate Nir Bitton’s Celtic career. The Israeli midfielder has emerged as one of Ronny Deila’s key players this season. A likely candidate for a lucrative future transfer. Yet the penny took time to drop. Omitted from the Celtic manager’s early first-team squads, a conversation between the pair became unavoidable. Israeli midfielder Nir Bitton has become a key player for Celtic after struggling to adapt at first . The Norwegian talked. Bitton listened. Crucially, he also learned what it would take to salvage his Celtic career. ‘I prefer the conversation between me and the gaffer to stay between me and him,’ said Bitton. ‘But at the beginning of the season there were a couple of things I didn’t understand in terms of what he expected from me. ‘Sometimes you need a conversation with the gaffer to understand what he wants from you. To understand what he expects from you as a player and a professional.’ Bitton needed a conversation with manager Ronny Deila before the penny finally dropped for him . The temptation for any player out of the team is to blame the coach but Deila told Bitton to look a little closer to home. Speaking in recent weeks, the Celtic boss said: ‘If you put everything on the coach then you are lost, you are finished. ‘You have to go into yourself and ask “Why am I not playing? Why is that guy in front of me?” and when you find that out you have to think “OK, what do I do to get better?” ‘It’s not the other way around, that the coach gives you a chance and then you play well. ‘You have to show in training that you are good enough and then you get your chance, and Nir has done that.’ Pushed on the issue, Bitton will plead guilty on all counts. ‘Of course I had to look at myself,’ he admitted. ‘When you don’t play the first thing you say is: “It’s the gaffer.” 'That’s what everybody says. ‘But after you go home you think honestly: “OK, what am I doing wrong?” ‘I understood that I needed to change myself, that I needed to improve. It’s difficult sometimes to be honest if you have the wrong attitude. But if you want success you must change to do things the way the gaffer wants. ‘I said to myself, if I don’t change I will find myself out of this club. ‘It’s not easy when you are not playing so you need to have a good attitude and a strong mentality — you need to show the gaffer you want to change.’ Bitton is keen to play in the Scottish League Cup final this weekend, but is struggling with injury . In his first season there were glimpses of promise, yet he admits the culture shift and weather were difficult to negotiate. ‘This is one of the reasons it was hard last season. In Israel, 80 per cent of the days are 24 or 25 degrees. Then you come to Scotland and... it’s not quite the same.’ His wife is in Glasgow now and, with regular games, he has adapted to Scottish football to a point where Charlie Mulgrew faces a battle to resume his midfield partnership with Scott Brown. Learning to press and harry was one of the aspects he had to improve, conceding: ‘The gaffer wants to play a certain way. ‘Before I thought, “OK, I’m a good player, I don’t need to change everything. If the gaffer wants me to play he will, if not I will sit on the bench, I don’t care”, stuff like that. ‘But everyone wants to play. You can train 10 times a day but it’s not the same.’ The midfielder has had some swelling on his ankle, after suffering an injury against Dundee United last week . With the inhospitable climate and culture the Israeli admits he could have returned home. Or tried his fortunes elsewhere. ‘The easiest thing would be to not care and just go back to Israel and not want to be here any more,’ he added. ‘But that’s not me. I just want to show everyone I deserve to play.’ The battle ahead of Sunday’s League Cup Final is of a different kind. Bitton suffered ankle swelling against Dundee United in the Scottish Cup last weekend and is fighting to prove his fitness for Hampden. ‘I still have another four days. We will see. ‘At the end of the day I will take the final decision. ‘If I feel I can play and help the team I will play. ‘If I feel I can play but not at 100 per cent I will take the decision to protect it for the next games. But we have four more days before the game and that’s a long time. I hope I will be fine.’ Bitton has admitted that it took some time to adapt to life - and the weather - in Scotland . The opportunity to win his first domestic trophy at the national stadium as a Celtic player beckons. Yet he is adamant he won’t put his own interests before those of the team adding: ‘I have to be honest with my team-mates. If somebody cannot give 100 per cent for the team there is no reason he should play. ‘If I can give 100 per cent I will play. If not I will be ready for the next games.’ Sunday marks the first step towards a Treble Deila has very publicly and vocally targeted. The norm is to talk down domestic clean sweeps to lessen expectations, yet Bitton accepts that — whatever people say in the public domain — the onus is on Celtic to win everything. ‘Of course it’s hard. ‘Everybody just expects us to win all the titles. But everybody saw the game on Sunday and it will be very difficult for us. ‘We all need to do our jobs as well as we can. But we don’t think about what they say outside the club, we just need to play our game. If we do we can do it.’ | Israeli midfielder struggled after moving to Scotland this season . Nir Bitton failed to make Ronny Deila's first team at first . But after frank discussion with manager Bitton went away to change game . Young midfielder is now a first team regular for Celtic . |
With the given passage as a reference, write some details about Popelogan River | The Popelogan River is a tributary of the Eastern shore Upsalquitch River, flowing particularly through the Addington Parish, in Restigouche County, in the Northwest the New Brunswick, in Canada.
In his course to the south, the Popelogan river flows through a valley increasingly deep in the mountainous terrain. Its main tributaries are the Gordon Brook and the "Lake Popelogan Branch" which supplies at Popelogan Lake. A forest road serves the upper part of the river, from Popelogan Depot. | 1. The Popelogan River is a tributary of the Upsalquitch River on the eastern shore of Canada's New Brunswick, mainly passing through the Addington Parish in Restigouche County.
2. The Popelogan river travels through a valley in the steep terrain that gets deeper as it moves south. The Gordon Brook and the "Lake Popelogan Branch," which supplies Popelogan Lake, are its principal tributaries.
3. Popelogan Depot provides access to the upper half of the river via a woodland road. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Rafal Dowgwillowicz-Nowicki (above) has been charged with raping a woman aboard a yacht . A Florida man has been charged with raping a woman aboard a yacht. Rafal Dowgwillowicz-Nowicki of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, is said to have forced the woman to have sex with him while she was a guest aboard the Endless Summer, threatening to kill her if she did not. Dowgwillowicz-Nowicki, who works on the boat, has denied these allegations. Police tell the Sun Sentinel that after a night of heavy drinking, Dowgwillowicz-Nowicki, 39, returned to the vessel at 12:40am and began banging on the door of the stateroom in which the woman was staying. When she opened the door, police claim he pushed his way in and raped the woman, pulling her hair, grabbing her throat and slapping her in the process. Dowgwillowicz-Nowicki told authorities the two did have 'rough sex,' but that is was completely consensual. He also said that the woman seemed to enjoy the encounter. The Polish born Dowgwillowicz-Nowicki was released on $15,000 bail Thursday and told he was not to leave the county, while also having no contact with the woman and staying at least 500-feet away from the Endless Summer. The judge in the case did however tell him he could work on other boats, so long as they were docked and not out at sea. Dowgwillowicz-Nowicki appeared with a Polish translator for his court date, saying only; 'I'm going to stay in the U.S.' Built in 1986, the Endless Summer is 126-foot luxury yacht that can accommodate 10 guests with five staterooms, a spa pool and two wet bars. The vessel, originally built and launched in Australia, underwent a refit in 2009, and can reach a cruising speed of 22 knots. | Rafal Dowgwillowicz-Nowicki of Fort Lauderdale, Florida has been charged with raping a woman aboard the yacht Endless Summer . Dowgwillowicz-Nowicki, 39, allegedly returned to the boat, where he is employed, after a night of heavy drinking and forced himself into her room . The woman claims he then threatened to kill her if she did not have sex with him . Dowgwillowicz-Nowicki said that though the sex was rough, it was consensual, and the woman seemed to enjoy the encounter . He is out on $15,000 bail, and has been allowed to work on other boats so long as they remain docked . The Endless Summer is 126-foot luxury yacht that can accommodate 10 guests with five staterooms, a spa pool and two wet bars . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | They say don’t count your chickens, but you’d be excused for counting the legs on this chicken caught on tape in Thailand. The bizarre video features some bemused locals laughing while recording a four-legged chicken wandering around looking for food. Completely indifferent to the situation, the chicken’s two extra deformed legs trail behind it and drag along the floor as it walks. A woman picks up the chicken and brings it into better view of the camera and the bird seems perplexed by the attention it has gained. The video concludes with a close-up shot of the chicken minding its own business, seemingly content with its additional body parts. Surprisingly, four-legged chickens are not as uncommon as many people would think. The chicken appears completely indifferent to having two extra legs as it wanders around and drags them behind it . The video concludes with the filmmaker going in for a close-up shot of the chicken's extra legs . In 2005, a live chicken was found among 36,000 other birds at a farm in America. Named Henrietta, the bird managed to go unnoticed for 18 months at Brendle Farms in Somerset, Pennsylvania, before it discovered by a foreman. Farmer Mark Brendle's 13-year-old daughter Ashley named the chicken and asked to keep it as a family pet. The bird had two normal front legs but behind those were two more which were dragged behind when Henrietta walked, exactly like the chicken featured in this video. The condition called Polymelia is a birth defect that results in individuals having more limbs, which are usually shrunken or deformed. This can sometimes occur when an embryo begins to develop as conjoined twins. Before one twin stops growing, leaving the remaining developments – often limbs – of the undeveloped twin attached to the body of the live baby. The condition is a birth defect known as Polymelia and can sometimes occur when an embryo begins to develop as a conjoined twins . | The chicken is filmed wandering around dragging its extra limbs . Bird appears completely perplexed by the attention it gains . The condition is known as Polymelia, a birth defect affecting limbs . The footage of the bird was captured by locals in Thailand . |
What type of babies did Regalado say Jiankui was making? | On 25 November 2018, Regalado posted on MIT Technology Review website that He Jiankui was making CRIPSR babies. As it was publicised, He was prompted to announce his experiment and posted the news of the birth of twins, nicknamed Lulu and Nana, on YouTube in five videos the same day. He formally presented the experiment at the Second International Summit on Human Genome Editing organized at the University of Hong Kong on 28 November 2018. He explained that the experiment was to make the babies resistant to HIV infection as they were (as embryos) obtained from an HIV-positive father. He specifically used a mutant gene named CCR5-Δ32 that is known to confer innate resistance to HIV. The twins were born in secrecy in October 2018, and a third baby (revealed in 2022 as Amy) was then almost born, as He reported. | Regalado said that Jiankui was making CRIPSR babies. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | U.S. President Barack Obama . said on Monday that Iran should commit to a verifiable freeze of . at least 10 years on its nuclear activity for a landmark atomic . deal to be reached, but said the odds were still against sealing . a final agreement. In an interview with Reuters at the White House, Obama said . that a rift over Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's . planned speech to Congress opposing the Iran deal on Tuesday was . a distraction that would not be 'permanently destructive' to . U.S. Israeli ties. But he said there was a 'substantial disagreement' between . his administration and the Israeli government over how to . achieve their shared goal of preventing Iran from acquiring . nuclear weapons. Scroll down for video . U.S. President Barack Obama speaks during an interview in the Library of the White House in Washington Monday. He said Iran must halt their nuclear work . Earlier on Monday in a speech on Monday to the American Israel Public AffairsCommittee (AIPAC) Netanyahu warned that a nuclear deal could threaten Israel's survival . 'If, in fact, Iran is willing to agree to double-digit years . of keeping their program where it is right now and, in fact, . rolling back elements of it that currently exist ... if we've . got that, and we've got a way of verifying that, there's no . other steps we can take that would give us such assurance that . they don't have a nuclear weapon,' he said. The U.S. goal is to make sure 'there's at least a year . between us seeing them try to get a nuclear weapon and them . actually being able to obtain one,' Obama said. Israel fears that Obama's Iran diplomacy, with an . end-of-March deadline for a framework nuclear agreement, will . still allow its arch-foe to develop an atom bomb. Tehran denies . it is seeking nuclear weapons. Netanyahu has spoken scathingly about a possible deal, . saying negotiators appear to have given up on a pledge to . prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons. He says a . nuclear-armed Iran would pose an existential threat to the . Jewish state. Obama sought to downplay the long-term damage from the row . over Netanyahu's speech to Congress, saying the rift was not . personal and that he would meet the Israeli leader again if he . wins Israel's March 17 election. 'This is not a personal issue. I think that it is important . for every country in its relationship with the United States to . recognize that the U.S. has a process of making policy,' Obama . said. But Obama said Netanyahu had been wrong before with his . opposition to a 2013 interim deal with Iran. Israel fears that Obama's Iran diplomacy, with an end-of-March deadline for a framework nuclear agreement, will still allow its arch-foe to develop an atom bomb . 'Netanyahu made all sorts of claims. This was going to be a . terrible deal. This was going to result in Iran getting 50 . billion dollars worth of relief. Iran would not abide by the . agreement. None of that has come true. 'It has turned out that in fact, during this period we've . seen Iran not advance its program. In many ways, it's rolled . back elements of its program.' The White House last week denied a report that the United . States and Iran were exploring a possible 10-year deal that . would initially freeze Iran's nuclear program but gradually . allow it to increase activities that could enable it to produce . nuclear arms in the last years of the agreement. In a speech on Monday to the American Israel Public Affairs . Committee (AIPAC), the largest U.S. pro-Israel lobby, Netanyahu . again warned that a nuclear deal could threaten Israel's . survival while insisting the U.S.-Israeli relationship was . 'stronger than ever.' Asked about the prospects for a final deal with Iran, which . has a June 30 deadline, Obama said that a key doubt was whether . Iran would agree to rigorous inspection demands and the low . levels of uranium enrichment capability they would have to . maintain. 'But if they do agree to it, it would be far more effective . in controlling their nuclear program than any military action we . could take, any military action Israel could take and far more . effective than sanctions will be,' Obama said. A comprehensive nuclear deal is seen as crucial to reducing . the risk of a wider Middle East war, at a time when Iran is . deeply involved in conflicts in Syria and Iraq. | The President gave an interview to Reuters on Monday . Obama said that a rift over Netanyahu's speech to Congress opposing the Iran deal on Tuesday was a distraction . Obama said there is 'substantial disagreement' between his administration and Israeli government over preventing Iran from getting a nuke . The President also told Reuters Monday that Netanyahu had been wrong before with his opposition to a 2013 interim deal with Iran . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | When Dominic Solanke sat down for breakfast on Tuesday, the teenager never imagined his morning would end training alongside England's best players. This had been set to be a normal day for the 17-year-old, albeit with the added bonus of watching the senior team train with his England Under-18s team-mates. Instead, they watched him as Solanke took to the field with the likes of Wayne Rooney and Raheem Sterling after collecting his England Youth Player of the Year award. Dominic Solanke poses with his Young Player of the Year award with Roy Hodgson and Wayne Rooney . Under 18 star Solanke joined the senior squad for training at St George's Park on Tuesday . The Chelsea forward helped make up the numbers during training at St George's Park on a day that will live long in his memory. 'I got told just after breakfast that I might be getting called up to train with the first-team and I was just hoping that it would be a yes,' Solanke said. 'We were all going down as a squad to watch, then about half an hour before we were going to head over (Under-18s coach) Neil Dewsnip told me that I was going to be training and from then I was just buzzing and really looking forward to it. 'It was a crazy feeling, a mix of excitement and nerves. Obviously, it's all the best players in England so the level was going to be really high. It was a good stage to try and impress as well.' Solanke has been a star for Chelsea's youth sides and made his full debut last October . Solanke made a good impression on his senior team-mates, just as he has done at Chelsea and at youth levels with his country. Jose Mourinho handed the forward his first-team debut in a Champions League tie against Maribor last October, while he played a key role in England Under-17s' European Championship triumph. '2014 was quite a successful year for me, especially with England and winning the European Championship,' Solanke said. 'We went there believing that we could win it, and we just took each game one-by-one. 'I managed to become joint-top scorer too, so it was a great year for me at international level.' | Dominic Solanke is in the England Under 18 squad . But the Chelsea youngster was called to train with the senior side . Solanke made his debut for Chelsea last October . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Emmanuel Adebayor has promised to try and win back the Tottenham fans after ending his first team exile with a return at Manchester United. Adebayor admits he has come through a 'dark moment' and has fallen from favour at a club where he was a goal hero this time last year. He understands how quickly things change in football and issued a warning to Harry Kane on this score, but vowed to join forces as they attempt to salvage Spurs' top four aspirations. Emmanuel Adebayor made his first appearance since January as Tottenham lost 3-0 to Manchester United . The Togo international has vowed to win back the supporters after going through a 'dark moment' Leicester (home) - March 21 . Burnley (away) - April 5 . Aston Villa (home) - April 11 . Newcastle (away) - April 19 . Southampton (away) - April 25 . Manchester City (home) - May 2 . Stoke (away) - May 9 . Hull (home) - May 16 . Everton (away) - May 24 . 'I went through a little bit of a dark moment in my career but now I am back training hard and that's it,' said the Togo international. 'A lot of things went wrong. We are all human beings. We all go through a lot at certain time of our lives. I think I have learned from it. I went through a lot of family issues. As I said earlier on, now it is behind me and I am back on the football pitch. I am very glad to be back.' Adebayor, 31, returned as a late substitute at Old Trafford on Sunday, his first appearance for nearly two months, during which he returned to Africa to address family problems. While he was out 21-year-old Kane has reinforced his position as Tottenham's first-choice striker. Adebayor said: 'I'm very happy and pleased for Harry Kane, who has been doing fantastic. In football, we all have our moments. He is a young lad that came out and at the moment, I think he is the only one that can save our season, like I did the last season. 'Two years ago, it was Gareth Bale. So you know, football is always changing. I am very happy for him, very pleased for him. He is a young lad. He is learning through his difficult moment as well but he is fantastic player. VIDEO Top four still possible - Pochettino . Adebayor has fallen out of favour with Spurs boss Mauricio Pochettino and had been criticised by fans . Adebayor had not featured for Tottenham since the end of January in the 2-1 FA Cup defeat by Leicester . Tottenham's defeat by United left them six points adrift of the top four places . 'If he keeps scoring two goals every weekend, he can help us into the top four. But don't get me wrong, now people are starting to get to know him and what he can do and what he cannot do, his positives and negatives on the pitch. 'But he is an intelligent lad and he just has to find his way again and bounce back. We all have a huge faith and believe in him. Hopefully, he will drag us out of the top seven and put us in the top four. 'And for me, sitting on the bench, as a player, I have been there before. I just have to work hard on the pitch and come back and play football. Football is a fun game. Today, you are zero. Tomorrow, you are a hero and the most important thing is you, what makes you happy, keep believing, keep doing your thing on the pitch.' Adebayor was in demand on transfer deadline day in January, when he rejected a move to QPR but almost joined West Ham before Spurs chairman Daniel Levy blocked the loan transfer. 'That is already behind me,' said Adebayor. 'I am still at Tottenham so for me, the most important thing is now Tottenham and help the team achieve our target which is to finish in the top four. Don't get me wrong, it's going to be hard but at the moment, just let me focus on my game and how I can help the team. Adebayor was given the captain's armband for the second leg of the Captial One Cup semi-final against Sheffield United in January . Adebayor posted this picture to Instagram days before the United match, with a message saying it is not important what people think of you, but who you are . 'Why not? I am part of the squad. I am very happy. And for me, the most important thing … I'm not 21 years old any more. I am 31 and I look at things differently. As I said, I am available. We have a lot of fantastic players in the squad and the manager has a choice to make. 'If I am in, like when I came in for ten minutes I run around, I did what I can do and whenever I am selected, I just have to help my team and show respect for them and show respect for the club. 'The summer is a long way to go. We've got what, nine games to go? Which is almost two months. So we've got plenty of time. At the moment, I'm a footballer, I'm a professional... keep doing my work, keep doing my job as professional as I can. At the beginning of the last season, everyone wanted me out; at the end of the season, they wanted me to stay. I just have to keep believing in myself, keeping doing my thing. 'I travelled to Europe to be a footballer and today, I am a footballer. Already, I am very glad because obviously in my country, only God knows how many people would love to wear the Tottenham shirt today and play for Tottenham. So whenever I have a chance to wake up and be alive, I always thank God for that and for me, all the rest is a bonus. Keep enjoying my life, keep enjoying myself.' Adebayor was booed onto the pitch at Old Trafford by travelling Spurs fans, upset with what they consider a casual attitude and comments made earlier in the season that the team would rather play away than at White Hart Lane. Adebayor came close to leaving Spurs in January but chairman Daniel Levy blocked a move to West Ham . The striker returned to favour under Tim Sherwood last season and scored 11 goals after January . He added: 'I don't know if I have been punished or not but what I know is, I'm me, I'm being me, and if I have to say it and correct the future for the club, I will do it. Don't get me wrong, this club has given me the chance to play again in London and I'm so grateful. 'If Tottenham won the cup a few weeks ago, I'm part of the club that won the Capital One Cup in 2015. Tottenham didn't win it. Me and the fans are in the same boat. So today, obviously, I am very disappointed and I think the fans are disappointed as well. At the end of the day, somebody will say something that people will misunderstand and take the wrong way but I have nothing against the fans, I always love the fans. 'I don't want to get involved in that any more. It's behind and for me now, it's just play football and enjoy my life again. As a Togolese boy, who has suffered a lot and today he's in Europe. As I tell you before, my junior brother, my senior brother, my uncle, I think they would love to be in my position today, being a footballer, being a striker for Tottenham, trust me. Even just travelling with the team, a lot of my family members, a lot of my countrymen, would love to do that. For me, let me just enjoy it and embrace it.' | Tottenham lost 3-0 to Manchester United at Old Trafford on Sunday . Emmanuel Adebayor made his first appearance for Spurs since January 24 . The Togo Striker had not even been named in the squad in recent weeks . Adebayor admits he went through a 'dark moment' but is now back . Forward wants to win back fans as Spurs look to salvage top-four hopes . CLICK HERE for all the latest Tottenham Hotspur news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Dutch legend Johan Cruyff believes Barcelona were fortunate to come out of Sunday's El Clasico against Real Madrid with all three points. Goals from Jeremy Mathieu and Luis Suarez handed the Catalans victory at the Nou Camp, despite the best efforts of Cristiano Ronaldo who bagged Real Madrid's goal. The win sends Barcelona four points clear at the top of La Liga, but Cruyff, who spent time as both a player and a manager at the Nou Camp, was less than impressed with the way his former club played against Los Blancos. Luis Suarez celebrates scoring the winner for Barcelona against Real Madrid in El Clasico on Sunday night . Cristiano Ronaldo scored the equaliser but was not able to lead his side to victory at the Nou Camp . Real Madrid's Gareth Bale is tackled by Barcelona defender Gerard Pique on Sunday night . 'Football is so great, that you can play a match poorly and win,' the Dutchman told AS. 'When a team plays well, the logical outcome is a win, but when a team plays poorly and wins... 'How many balls did Barca concede? Who won on possession? Madrid, no? Well that's all that needs to be said.' Dutch football star Johan Cruyff poses with his son Jordi Cruyff at the Nou Camp in Barcelona, Spain . | Johan Cruyff believes his former side were fortunate to win El Clasico . Goals from Jeremy Mathieu and Luis Suarez earned Catalans victory . Cristiano Ronaldo scored for Real Madrid but Barcelona won the match . Cruyff admits it was great to pick up the win despite playing poorly . Pete Jenson: Barcelona are in charge of their own destiny with Suarez CLICK HERE for all the latest Barcelona news . |
According to this paragraph about bull sharks, how long are male adult sharks in meters? | Bull sharks are large and stout, with females being larger than males. The bull shark can be up to 81 cm (2 ft 8 in) in length at birth. Adult female bull sharks average 2.4 m (8 ft) long and typically weigh 130 kg (290 lb), whereas the slightly smaller adult male averages 2.25 m (7 ft) and 95 kg (209 lb). While a maximum size of 3.5 m (11 ft) is commonly reported, a single record exists of a female specimen of exactly 4.0 m (13 ft). A 3.25 m (10.7 ft) long pregnant individual reached 450 kg (990 lb). Bull sharks are wider and heavier than other requiem sharks of comparable length, and are grey on top and white below. The second dorsal fin is smaller than the first. The bull shark's caudal fin is longer and lower than that of the larger sharks, and it has a small snout, and lacks an interdorsal ridge. | Male adult bull sharks average 2.25 meters in length. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Kolo Toure left Anfield the happier sibling as Liverpool defeated younger brother Yaya’s Manchester City on Sunday. Kolo’s late appearance in the game was a special one as it was the first time the Ivory Coast duo had gone head-to-head in a competitive game. Before the lunchtime kick off Yaya tweeted: Love my big bro. He has taught me so much. But today… May the best Toure... sorry team win.’ Yaya Toure tweeted this message to his brother before Manchester City took on Liverpool at Anfield . The Ivory Coast brothers embrace each other at the full time whistle of Liverpool's 2-1 win against City . The Toure brothers leave the Anfield pitch following the Premier League lunchtime kick off on Sunday . However, a 2-1 defeat to Liverpool probably wasn’t what Yaya had in mind as Manchester City slipped up yet again in their pursuit of the title. A wonder goal in each half, either side of an Edin Dzeko strike, handed Liverpool all three points as Brendan Rodgers’ side continue to stake their claim for Champions League qualification. Despite the defeat Yaya and Kolo showed their brotherly love at the full time whistle as they walked off the pitch together. The Toure brothers share a joke and some brotherly love as older sibling Kolo comes out on top at Anfield . Yaya holds the Champions League trophy which he won during his time at Barcelona . Kolo and Yaya celebrate as Manchester City won the Premier League with a last gasp win against QPR . | Yaya Toure and Kolo Toure faced each other for the first time on Sunday . It was Kolo who left the happier sibling as Liverpool won the game 2-1 . The brothers left the pitch together but it was Kolo who was victorious . He came on as a second half sub as Manchester City stuttered yet again . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Perhaps the greatest compliment that can be given to Wales is that this cauldron of noise, which at kick-off seemed so threatening, was reduced to a quiet hum after the 50th minute. That was the moment when Gareth Bale reminded us why Real Madrid paid £86million for his signature, why the caustic treatment of his recent performances in Spain seems so odd. Having drawn a foul from Eytan Tibi inches outside the box with his pace, he dispatched the ball into the net as simply as if from the penalty spot in any. His shot curled over the wall with surgical placement, leaving goalkeeper Ofir Marciano stock still. It was pure quality. Gareth Bale scored twice as Wales beat Israel in Haifa on Saturday in Euro 2016 qualifying . Bale (second left) lashes in his second goal of the game for Wales against Israel . Bale celebrates as his team moved to the top of Group B with victory in Haifa over Israel . Bale (centre) leads the celebrations after his second half free kick put Wales 2-0 up against rivals Israel . Bale (third right) uploaded a picture to Instagram afterwards with the caption 'what a performance from the lads' Israel (4-3-3): Marciano 6; Dgani 5.5, Ben Haim I 5.5, Tibi 3, Ben Harush 6; Yeini 5, Natcho 5, Refaelov 5; Ben Haim II 5 (Biton 60’ 5), Zahavi 6 (Sahar 71’ 5), Damari 4 (Hemed 44’ 5) Booked: Refaelov . Sent off: Tibi . Manager: Eli Guttman 5 . Wales (5-3-1-1): Hennessey 6; Gunter 6, Collins 6, Williams 7, Davies 7, Taylor 7; Ramsey 7.5 (MacDonald 86’), Allen 7, Ledley 6.5 (Vaughan 48’ 6); Bale 8; Robson-Kanu 6.5 (Vokes 69’ 6.5) Manager: Chris Coleman 7 . Referee: Milorad Mazic 7 . MoM: Bale . His rapturous celebration spoke of the goal’s personal significance and collective importance. He answered his critics without uttering a word and made certain a momentous victory in Welsh ambitions to reach Euro 2016. It was his 15th goal in 49 caps for Wales, moving him level with John Charles in the all-time scorers chart. He went past the great man 13 minutes from the end to rubber stamp Wales’s ascension to top of Group B at the halfway stage on 11 points and within sight of a first major tournament since 1958. Aaron Ramsey provided the assist, seizing possession on the left and cutting back for Bale to finish into the corner. It was goal number 20 for Bale in a season that has been judged underwhelming in Spain. Ramsey deserves praise too, having turned in his best performance in a Welsh shirt for some considerable time, getting the opener eight seconds into first-half injury time that sucked the feverish hostility from the throats of Israel’s fans. It was route one stuff. Wayne Hennessey pumped the ball long and Israel allowed it to bounce. Bale stole above Tibi to nod into the path of Ramsey, who delivered a brilliant header over Marciano. Ramsey celebrated by running to the 900 Wales fans and pointing to the skies, his grandmother having died last week. Bale dedicated the win to much-loved kitman Dai Williams, who passed away last month with the players wearing black armbands. By the end, Wales were running through 10-man Israel at will, Tibi having been sent off for a second booking shortly after 2-0 for fouling Bale again. Substitute Sam Vokes, making his first international appearance in a year following serious injury, nearly scored, as Bale twice went close to getting his hat-trick. Israel are no mugs. Their 3-0 win over Bosnia here in November and perfect record prior to this game, is indication of that. But they were made to look woefully short by Wales. Bale said: ‘We’re in a good position now and we’ve got a chance of qualifying. We will keep fighting and working hard and hopefully our performances and results will do all the talking. It’s amazing to be top of the table and we go from here.’ Ramsey (right) wheels away in celebration after putting Wales into the lead at the end of the first half . Ramsey was mobbed by his Wales team-mates after putting them ahead at the end of the first half . Wales defender James Collins (left) missed a tremendous chance to put Wales ahead after only 19 minutes . Bale (centre) run between the Israel players Eytan Tibi (left) and Orei Digani . Bale was at the centre of attention from Israel's defence but still scored his country five minutes into the second half . Chris Coleman was ebullient, and said Bale had responded in perfect fashion to the scathing judgments in Spain. ‘A plus with international football is when you come away from your clubs, then you are concentrating on something different,’ said the Wales manager. ‘There's a bit of criticism flying at Gareth in Madrid, but he did tonight what he's been doing for some time with Wales.’ Coleman thinks three wins from five remaining matches will seal qualification. All the ingredients to make this a defining night were mixed together in the Sammy Ofer Stadium. Two nations enjoying unprecedentedly good qualifying campaigns with designs on reaching a major finals for the first time in a generation. The noise for the Israel national anthem as thousands held up Star of David flags told you that. The whistles greeting early touches by Wales players were piercing in the extreme. Bale’s name over the tannoy drew louder cat calls than any. ‘Haters gonna hate,’ read a sign in the away section, directed more towards Real Madrid’s critical following than those here in Haifa. He did have at least one fan in the home crowd. A poster of ‘We love you Bale’ could be seen behind one goal. Little battles all over the pitch showed the tension. An early shove by Neil Taylor on Orel Dgani as the pair tussled for a throw in drew high-pitched screeching from the stands. James Collins suggested Eli Guttman might ‘f*** off’ when the Israel manager appealed for a card after Omri Ben Harush dramatically rolled on the turf following a collision for a high ball. Bale (left) of Wales tries to keep possession under pressure from Israel's Sheran Yeini in the Euro 2016 qualifier . Bale (left) missed a good chance to increase his tally and his side's lead shortly after making it 2-0 . Wales captain and defender Ashley Williams (left) contests an aerial challenge alongside Israel's Eran Zahavi (right) Arsenal midfielder Ramsey (left) fends off Israel's Sheran Yeini as he tries to get possession of the ball . Wales and Liverpool midfielder Joe Allen (left) challenges opponent Eran Zahavi for the ball . Wales took control where it mattered, Joe Allen, Joe Ledley and Ramsey exhibiting their Premier League pedigree. Their pressure cranked up with a sustained spell in the Israel half on 20 minutes. As the seconds ticked on the disapproving clamour from the home fans grew unbearable almost. Allen had a shot blocked, Ramsey a corner cleared and then Bale delivered a wonderful cross to an unmarked Welshman at the back stick. Unfortunately it was Collins, who stood on the ball from two yards out rather than apply the finishing touch that had seemed certain. The pause allowed Israel to clear. In the end, as Wales fans sung ‘We are top of the league’, it was a mere footnote . Bale (left) is sent tumbling to the ground after a challenge from Israel midfield player Eran Zahavi . The Wales squad have a huddle before the start of their Group B European qualifier in Haifa against Israel . The Wales team were backed by a vociferous following for the encounter in Haifa . | Aaron Ramsey headed Wales into the lead on the stroke of half-time against Israel . Gareth Bale then scored a magnificent free kick on the 50th minute to double Wales lead . Victory means Wales have replaced Israel in first place in Group B . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Google has confirmed rumours it will soon be offering mobile network plans. Vice president Sundar Pichai said the firm is working with unnamed operators during a talk at Mobile World Congress in Barcelona. Rumours claim it will be initially offered to cities that have Google Fiber, such as Kansas, Texas and Utah. Elsewhere, Mr Pichai confirmed Google was working on Android Pay as well as Project Loon, designed to connect more urban areas. Sundar Pichai, senior vice president of Android, Chrome and Apps, talks during a conference during the Mobile World Congress, the world's largest mobile phone trade show in Barcelona, Spain . Google has confirmed year-long rumours it will be offering mobile network plans in the US. Speaking at Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, vice president Sundar Pichai said the tech giant is working with unnamed network operators on developing a cellular plan. ‘You will see us announce it in the coming months, I think we are at a stage where it is important to think about hardware, software and connectability together,’ said the 43-year-old. Mr PIchai also confirmed rumours that Google is working on a payment service and unveiled plans for its Project Loon - designed to connect urban areas. The rumours of a Google mobile network plan first emerged in April last year, and the unnamed networks are believed to be Sprint and T-Mobile in the US. Instead of building masts, Google will buy access to existing 3G and 4G networks at wholesale prices and sell the connectivity back to customers at a cheaper rate. Visitors use their smartphones to take pictures of the new Galaxy S6 Edge displayed inside a glass cabinet, during the Mobile World Congress, the world's largest mobile phone trade show in Barcelona . This would make Google a mobile virtual network operator (MVNO) similar to Lycamobile in the US that runs on T-Mobile’s network, and Tesco Mobile in the UK which shares O2’s networks. MVNOs don't own the infrastructure the networks are built on. Instead, they buy access to parts of these networks at wholesale prices. The company can then use these network to run its own wireless plans and resell the connectivity back to customers - usually at a reduced rate. Mr Pinchai said: ‘We want to be able to experiment along those lines, [but] we don't intend to be a network operator at scale.’ A mobile virtual network operator (MVNO) is a company that offers mobile service plans using existing networks. MVNOs don't own the infrastructure the networks are built on. Instead, they buy access to parts of these networks at wholesale prices. The company can then use this access to run its own wireless plans and resell the connectivity back to customers - usually at a reduced rate. Lycamobile in the U.S, for example, is an MVNO because it runs on T-Mobile’s network. In the UK, Tesco Mobile shares O2’s, and ultimately Telefonica’s, networks. An MVNO is typically run as an independent company, with its own staff and customer service . He described the plans as a ‘project’ and will do it on a small enough scale to not threaten existing networks. In particular, Mr Pichai said the setup should provide at seamless connection between Wi-Fi and mobile networks. Sources said at the time of the original rumours that any Google-branded mobile network would initially launch in cities that have Google Fiber. Google launched its 1000mps Fiber broadband service in 2011, starting with Kansas City. In 2013, the firm announced it was expanding the service to Austin in Texas, Provo in Utah and a number of other towns in Missouri and California. More locations are due to be added later this year, but the roll-out is slow because Google has to install the relevant infrastructure needed. Google Fiber starts at $70 (£42) a month and has been praised for offering high speeds at relatively low prices. Google’s wireless plans would remove some of the costs, and time spent, in setting up its own network and it would equally benefit from using already established and well-connected networks. This could help Google cement itself as an internet service provider. Google could additionally use the network to sell its Nexus range of phones, for example, with contract or service plans. Mr Pichai also used the event to announce the launch of Google Fiber in more urban areas and to announce Project Loon, designed to bring connectivity to rural areas, and Project Titan - a drone version of Loon. He also confirmed Android Pay will be built into its mobile software and will have NFC components, but won’t launch it before Samsung launches its Pay service later this year. | Google confirmed rumours it will soon be offering mobile network plans . Vice president Sundar Pichai said firm is working with operators . The claims were made at Mobile World Congress in Barcelona . Rumours claim it will be initially offered to cities that have Google Fiber . Instead of building masts Google is said to be looking at becoming a mobile virtual network operator (MVNO) |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Tim Sherwood insists Aston Villa are ready for the home straight and wants to avoid a photo finish in the relegation battle. The boss takes his Barclays Premier League thoroughbreds to Sunderland on Saturday for a crunch clash. The Black Cats are a point and a place ahead of fourth bottom Villa, who themselves are just three points above the drop zone. Tim Sherwood wants to ensure Premier League survival for Aston Villa with games to spare . Former Tottenham boss faced the media on Thursday ahead of the crunch clash with Sunderland on Saturday . And with the Cheltenham Gold Cup on Friday, Sherwood is hoping Villa, who have never been relegated from the Premier League, can avoid being unseated. He said: 'I think it'll be a photo finish and I hope we're not in it. 'We're probably just coming around the corner but it's probably the longest run-in in racing history. 'All we're looking at is the next fence and that's Sunderland. After that we hope we can stay in the running, there might be a few who fall along the way and we're hoping that's not us.' Villa have won their last two under Sherwood, beating West Brom twice in the league and the FA Cup to reach the semi-finals. Gabby Agbonlahor, who has been rejuvenated under Sherwood, trains on Thursday morning . Christian Benteke was out through his paces at the training ground on Thursday . They were the new manager's first wins since replacing Paul Lambert in February and Sherwood has been impressed with the squad's attitude. 'They've been good and a win makes an awful lot of difference. They have been focused and up for the fight,' he said. 'They haven't dwelt on the position. It's about looking forward now, what we have done previously counts for nothing.' Sherwood, before becoming head coach, was at Tottenham as assistant first-team coach under Harry Redknapp and worked with Sunderland striker Jermain Defoe at White Hart Lane. Villa boss Sherwood watches from the touchline as his side beat West Brom in the FA Cup quater-final . Sherwood knows all about Sunderland striker Jermain Defoe's qualities having worked with him at Spurs . The 32-year-old returned to England in January after a year with Toronto in Major League Soccer and Sherwood believes Defoe is the Black Cats' chief threat. He said: 'If they are going to survive it's going to be Jermain Defoe who keeps them in the Premier League, that's why they forked out that sort of money for him. 'He didn't have to go, he went for a lifestyle change to Canada but he still has that appetite to come back and play for Sunderland, in a relegation battle. 'Jermain can score goals on his own but he prefers people to slide the ball across the six-yard box for him to be in the right place at the right time, that's what he's done all of his career.' | Aston Villa play Sunderland in the Premier League on Saturday . Tim Sherwood is hoping to secure top flight football with games to spare . Villa have won their last two matches beating West Brom twice . CLICK HERE for all the latest Aston Villa news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Everton's rivals are taking increasing interest in midfielder James McCarthy as the Goodison Park club's Premier League plight worsens. Tottenham, Arsenal and Manchester United are all monitoring the stylish 24-year-old who signed from Wigan in a £13million deal. They each want a proven midfielder and McCarthy is on their lists as they assess summer targets. James McCarthy (right) has attracted interest from Manchester United, Tottenham and Arsenal this season . The midfielder, pictured in action against Arsenal on Sunday, joined Everton in the summer of 2013 for £13m . McCarthy signed a five-year contract on summer deadline day in 2013 but is not one of Everton's big earners and the nature of the last-minute negotiations meant assurances were given that his deal would be revised as his Goodison career progressed. However, though other Everton players have since opened discussions over new terms, McCarthy has yet to be approached. Tim Howard, Seamus Coleman, Ross Barkley and John Stones all agreed new deals last year with manager Roberto Martinez, who himself signed a new deal last June, seeking to maintain a long-term core to his squad. Ross Barkley is one of a number of young players to have signed a new long-term deal with Everton . McCarthy has not been approached about a new contract despite his good form for the Toffees . McCarthy, a Republic of Ireland international, has matured into one of the most consistent Premier League players and shown his ability on the international and European stage. In Everton's 4-1 Europa League rout of Wolfsburg earlier this season he had a pass completion rate of 98 per cent. He is highly regarded at Everton and his influence on the team was sorely missed when he was out with a hamstring injury; in the 13 games Everton played without him, they won just one. Arsenal and Tottenham have both watched him since his return to the fold but were put off January bids knowing Everton would refuse all offers. Arsenal and Tottenham are still interested in Southampton's defensive midfielder Morgan Schneiderlin (left) Manchester United are considering McCarthy as an alternative to Roma midfielder Kevin Strootman (right) Everton's faltering season though has given them a sense a deal could be brokered in the summer. Southampton's Morgan Schneiderlin remains on their list of options too. United have concerns that Roma's Kevin Strootman may not recover quickly from his latest knee surgery and are assessing other options across Europe. McCarthy has over 150 Premier League games under his belt already and at 24 has his best years ahead of him. | James McCarthy has attracted interest from a number of clubs this season . The midfielder joined Everton from Wigan for £13m in the summer of 2013 . He signed a five-year contract but is yet to be offered a new deal . Arsenal and Tottenham also remain interested in Morgan Schneiderlin . United are considering McCarthy as an alternative to Kevin Strootman . |
What do you need when you see a blue flag during the race? | Race
The race begins with a warm-up lap, after which the cars assemble on the starting grid in the order they qualified. This lap is often referred to as the formation lap, as the cars lap in formation with no overtaking (although a driver who makes a mistake may regain lost ground). The warm-up lap allows drivers to check the condition of the track and their car, gives the tyres a chance to warm up to increase traction and grip, and also gives the pit crews time to clear themselves and their equipment from the grid for the race start.
Jacques Villeneuve qualifying at the 2005 United States Grand Prix in his Sauber C24
Once all the cars have formed on the grid, after the medical car positions itself behind the pack, a light system above the track indicates the start of the race: five red lights are illuminated at intervals of one second; they are all then extinguished simultaneously after an unspecified time (typically less than 3 seconds) to signal the start of the race. The start procedure may be abandoned if a driver stalls on the grid or on the track in an unsafe position, signalled by raising their arm. If this happens, the procedure restarts: a new formation lap begins with the offending car removed from the grid. The race may also be restarted in the event of a serious accident or dangerous conditions, with the original start voided. The race may be started from behind the Safety Car if race control feels a racing start would be excessively dangerous, such as extremely heavy rainfall. As of the 2019 season, there will always be a standing restart. If due to heavy rainfall a start behind the safety car is necessary, then after the track has dried sufficiently, drivers will form up for a standing start. There is no formation lap when races start behind the Safety Car.
Under normal circumstances, the winner of the race is the first driver to cross the finish line having completed a set number of laps. Race officials may end the race early (putting out a red flag) due to unsafe conditions such as extreme rainfall, and it must finish within two hours, although races are only likely to last this long in the case of extreme weather or if the safety car is deployed during the race. When a situation justifies pausing the race without terminating it, the red flag is deployed; since 2005, a ten-minute warning is given before the race is resumed behind the safety car, which leads the field for a lap before it returns to the pit lane (before then the race resumed in race order from the penultimate lap before the red flag was shown).
In the 1950s, race distances varied from 300 km (190 mi) to 600 km (370 mi). The maximum race length was reduced to 400 km (250 mi) in 1966 and 325 km (202 mi) in 1971. The race length was standardised to the current 305 km (190 mi) in 1989. However, street races like Monaco have shorter distances, to keep under the two-hour limit.
Drivers may overtake one another for position over the course of the race. If a leader comes across a backmarker (slower car) who has completed fewer laps, the back marker is shown a blue flag telling them that they are obliged to allow the leader to overtake them. The slower car is said to be "lapped" and, once the leader finishes the race, is classified as finishing the race "one lap down". A driver can be lapped numerous times, by any car in front of them. A driver who fails to complete more than 90% of the race distance is shown as "not classified" in the results.
Throughout the race, drivers may make pit stops to change tyres and repair damage (from 1994 to 2009 inclusive, they could also refuel). Different teams and drivers employ different pit stop strategies in order to maximise their car's potential. Three dry tyre compounds, with different durability and adhesion characteristics, are available to drivers. Over the course of a race, drivers must use two of the three available compounds. The different compounds have different levels of performance and choosing when to use which compound is a key tactical decision to make. Different tyres have different colours on their sidewalls; this allows spectators to understand the strategies.
Under wet conditions, drivers may switch to one of two specialised wet weather tyres with additional grooves (one "intermediate", for mild wet conditions, such as after recent rain, one "full wet", for racing in or immediately after rain). A driver must make at least one stop to use two tyre compounds; up to three stops are typically made, although further stops may be necessary to fix damage or if weather conditions change. If rain tyres are used, drivers are no longer obliged to use both types of dry tyres. | Allow the leader to overtake. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | This saga’s gone on longer than The Mousetrap. And let’s be honest — it’s not been handled brilliantly by the ECB. But you can hardly blame Kevin Pietersen for wanting to throw his lot in with Surrey and score some first-class runs. His interpretation of what Colin Graves said about playing in the domestic game has given him a lifeline. Now it’s up to Pietersen to use it. Kevin Pietersen has agreed to rejoin Surrey as he looks to make an unlikely England comeback . With Graves and Tom Harrison coming in as ECB chairman and chief executive respectively, it’s reasonable to work on the basis that everyone starts with a clean slate. They could well be leaning on Paul Downton, the managing director, with this basic point: the best players get picked. That’s how it works in other sports, so why not in cricket? Pietersen will have a great chance to excel in Division Two at an excellent club. He’s also fit enough, even in his mid-30s. He leads a good lifestyle and he’ll be desperate to bang the door down. It’s all set up for him. The 35-year-old will focus on the longer form of the game in a bid to force his way into Ashes reckoning . Pietersen still wants to add to his 23 Test centuries despite being axed by England last year . People are worried about his book, but the main targets in those pages — Andy Flower and Matt Prior — are no longer in the England set-up. I thought the book was a sad read, to learn that he wasn’t enjoying what should have been among the best moments of his life. That’s a real shame. But if Pietersen scores so many runs for Surrey that Graves and Harrison think he’s irresistible, then everyone will just have to sit down and talk things through. Yes, it would become tricky for Downton and Peter Moores, who Pietersen didn’t rate highly in his first stint as England coach. But I’d put the key players in this drama in one room and tell them not to reappear until they’ve bashed out a compromise. Treat it like a jury: don’t emerge until you’ve got a majority decision. The batsman, pictured playing in Australia's Big Bash, may change his Indian Premier League contract . Peter Moores didn't see eye to eye with Pietersen during his first spell as England head coach . Pietersen is the best batsman I’ve seen for England and if he can get his mojo back playing for Surrey then at least he’ll have fulfilled the criterion that Graves laid down. Test cricket is what gets Pietersen’s juices flowing. It’s unrealistic to imagine he could still be around for the 2019 World Cup. But he’s found himself a county and now he’s got to get some runs. It’s going to be a very interesting summer. England fell to an embarrassing early exit from the World Cup after a defeat by Bangladesh in Adelaide . | Kevin Pietersen agrees to return to county cricket with Surrey . The 35-year-old is hopeful of forcing his way into Ashes reckoning . He is fit enough even at 35 years old and will want to bang the door down . Pietersen didn't get on with Peter Moores, but they need to compromise . |
What ingredients are no longer used in ketchup? | Ketchup or catsup is a table condiment with a sweet and sour flavor. The unmodified term ("ketchup") now typically refers to tomato ketchup, although early recipes used egg whites, mushrooms, oysters, grapes, mussels, or walnuts, among other ingredients.
Tomato ketchup is made from tomatoes, sugar, and vinegar, with seasonings and spices. The spices and flavors vary, but commonly include onions, allspice, coriander, cloves, cumin, garlic, and mustard, and sometimes include celery, cinnamon, or ginger.[citation needed] The market leader in the United States (60% market share) and the United Kingdom (82%) is Heinz Tomato Ketchup. Tomato ketchup is most often used as a condiment to dishes that are usually served hot and are fried or greasy: french fries and other potato dishes, hamburgers, hot dogs, chicken tenders, hot sandwiches, meat pies, cooked eggs, and grilled or fried meat. Ketchup is sometimes used as the basis for, or as one ingredient in, other sauces and dressings, and the flavor may be replicated as an additive flavoring for snacks, such as potato chips. | Ketchup used to contain many different ingredients that created the sweet and sour flavor traditionally associated with tomato ketchup, including egg whites, mushrooms, oysters, grapes, mussels, or walnuts. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | San Rafael, California (CNN)At 74 years old, Marilyn Price still remembers the first time she rode a bike. "My father let go of my seat, and there I was on my own," she said. Years later, Price realized the power of biking to change lives. During a 1982 mountain biking trip in northern California, Price reached a point on the trail where she could see all of San Francisco. Looking out at the city, she thought of the children she met while volunteering at a soup kitchen there. And it hit her: She wanted to give them the same experience. "There's nothing like biking up a mountain and looking behind you to see all you've accomplished," she said. Price has since helped more than 25,000 at-risk children from the San Francisco Bay Area get off urban streets and into nature through her nonprofit, Trips for Kids. Do you know a hero? Nominations are open for CNN Heroes 2015 . In addition to mountain bike excursions, the group provides bike mechanic training and the chance for young people to earn credit toward their own bikes. Today, Trips for Kids has expanded to 90 chapters around the world, serving more than 15,000 children each year. See more CNN Heroes . CNN's Allie Torgan spoke with Price about the impact of her efforts. Below is an edited version of their conversation. CNN: For many of the young people in your program, this is their first time on a mountain bike. How do they react? Marilyn Price: Many of them have never really left the city. To them, life is automobiles and buildings. Everything is concrete. But you bring them where there are no buildings, no cars, it is like, "Wow! I didn't know that this exists." I think we're planting a seed that there are alternatives to getting into trouble. They can get on a bike and go to a place that is very much unlike where they live and do something positive. It's giving them the notion that there is something else. CNN: And their experience goes beyond bike trips. What else do you offer? Price: The second is our Earn-a-Bike program, where kids in the community come after school. They learn bike mechanics, and while they're participating they are earning credit. They can use it to buy bikes or parts. They're buying bikes for themselves, for their parents or siblings. I just love the idea of having them work toward a goal. They're really learning skills that will help them in the future. The third (program) is our bike thrift shop, where anyone in the community can come shop for a discounted bike. We call it Trips for Kids Re-Cyclery. All of the bikes and bike gear are donated. It provides 60% of what we need to run our programs. And it is 100% an environmental program. We follow the three 'Rs' very rigorously: reduce, reuse and then recycle! CNN: Trips For Kids has grown well beyond San Francisco. Why do you think this model works so well? Price: It's easy to use the bike to introduce kids to the environment because the bike is universally loved by children. The bike allows us to introduce them to a healthy lifestyle and good work habits. (It's) a tool to impart these life lessons. Right now there are 90 chapters, literally around the world, that are repeating our experiences. They all do bike rides and then some of them, as they get more developed like we did, also start their own Earn-a-Bike programs or their own bike thrift shops to support themselves. CNN: Did you ever imagine your simple idea would have such an impact? Price: I wear my Trips For Kids T-shirt wherever I go. I went into the bank one day here in Marin County, and there was a young girl who was the teller. She looked at my T-shirt, and she said, "Wow -- you're with Trips For Kids? That was the best experience I've ever had. I will never forget it." I don't know how many stories there are like that, but it's planting that seed. I just love every minute of it. Seeing the results of what we were accomplishing just had me stick with it. Since I started the notion, I haven't given up and hope to continue forever. Want to get involved? Check out the Trips For Kids website at www.tripsforkids.org and see how to help. | For three decades, Marilyn Price has helped at-risk kids use bikes to experience nature . Her nonprofit, Trips for Kids, has 90 chapters worldwide, serving more than 15,000 children a year . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Wellesley College has revised its admissions policy to formally allow transgender students who identify as female. The women's-only liberal arts school in Massachusetts - which costs roughly $59,000 per year to attend - never explicitly banned transgender applicants. However, it said in a statement on its website Thursday that it felt compelled to clarify its policies 'in an era of a changing understanding of gender identity.' Wellesley College (the campus seen above) has revised its admissions policy to formally allow transgender students who identify as female . The college’s board of trustees approved the new policy on Wednesday night. Under the new guidelines, Wellesley College says it will consider for admission any applicant who 'lives as a woman and consistently identifies as a woman.' It adds that if gender identity is not 'clearly reflected' in application materials, the college will request additional information 'that may include a letter from a parent, healthcare provider, teacher, or clergy.' The updated code will come into effect in time for the next admission cycle for the Class of 2020. The move follows similar policy changes at all-women's colleges such as Mills College in California, Bryn Mawr College in Pennsylvania, and Mount Holyoke and Simmons College, both in Massachusetts. Wellesley said it will not accept applications from transgender men, but would 'continue to support' any student who decides she no longer identifies as a woman during her education there. Wellesley, which was founded with the intention to prepare women for 'great conflicts' and 'vast reforms in social life' first opened its doors to students on September 8, 1875. Prominent graduates include former First Lady Hillary Clinton and ABC news anchor Diane Sawyer. | The women's-only liberal arts school in Massachusetts, which costs roughly $59,000 per year, never explicitly banned transgender applicants . However, it said in a statement on its website Thursday that it felt compelled to clarify its policies 'in an era of a changing understanding of gender identity' The school said it will not accept applications from transgender men . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | England produced an error-strewn display which promised so much but ultimately delivered less than it should have done as Stuart Lancaster’s men developed a severe case of white-line fever. The 12 point win means Lancaster’s side have an excellent chance of claiming an unlikely Championship title if they can see off France more convincingly than Ireland beat Scotland or Wales beat Italy. But they will be kicking themselves at an incredibly wasteful display which saw no fewer than six gilt-edged try-scoring opportunities wasted as passes went astray and support runners were ignored. England captain Chris Robshaw lifts the Calcutta Cup after England beat Scotland 25-13 at Twickenham in the Six Nations . The England squad smile for the cameras having defeated Scotland 25-13 to win the Calcutta Cup in their Six Nations clash . Jonathan Joseph (centre) is congratulated by his England team-mates having scored an early try at Twickenham . George Ford got England off to a perfect start in the second-half with this early try to put the home side back in front . Exeter wing Jack Nowell crosses over to score England's third try of the evening at Twickenham to send them top of the table . ENGLAND XV: Brown, Watson, Joseph, Burrell, Nowell, Ford, Youngs, Marler, Hartley, Cole, Attwood, Lawes, Haskell, Robshaw, Vunipola . Replacements: Youngs, M.Vunipola, Brooks, Parling, Wood, Wigglesworth, Cipriani, Twelvetrees . Tries: Joseph, Ford, Nowell . Conversions: Ford (2) Penalties: Ford (2) SCOTLAND XV: Kearney, Bowe, Payne, Henshaw, Zebo, Sexton, Murray; McGrath, Best, Ross, Toner, O'Connell, O'Mahony, O'Brien, Heaslip. Replacements: Cronin, Healy, Moore, Henderson, Murphy, Reddan, Madigan, Jones . Tries: Bennett . Conversions: Laidlaw (1) Penalties: Laidlaw (2) England did score three tries to Scotland’s one, leaving their points difference four points to the good over nearest title rivals Ireland, but they could so easily have been out of sight if they’d kept their composure with the line at their mercy. Jonathan Joseph, George Ford and Jack Nowell all crossed for Lancaster’s men, with Nowell’s late score adding some gloss to the scoreline. But Lancaster and his men will know this should have been so much more convincing. The Calcutta Cup may be theirs, but this was far from the dominant, clinical performance England craved after the no-show in Dublin a fortnight ago. Rarely can a side have dominated an opening 20 minutes of international rugby so completely but to so little effect. Time after time Scotland’s defence was torn to ribbons only for the England player in possession to run clumsily into contact, seemingly without any awareness of support runners or the need to shift the point of attack. Luther Burrell started the pattern after just two minutes when he completely ignored Anthony Watson on his right to blunder head down into Scotland full back Stuart Hogg, who pulled off the first of three fine tackles. In truth, England should have scored with something to spare. With five minutes on the clock, and Scotland seemingly on the ropes already, England piled into Scotland territory again and fly half George Ford whipped a cleverly delayed pass to Jonathan Joseph and the Bath centre hot-stepped his way over. Ford added the extras to make it 7-0 and it looked for all the world as if England were set to take the visitors for a cricket score. After three slow starts in succession, finally Lancaster’s men had the momentum early in the game. No excuses now. But, despite their dominance and superior attacking edge, England were simply unable to convert chances. Tom Youngs (centre) leads an England breakaway with his team-mates sprinting to joining in with his venture forward . Ben Youngs hands off the tackle of Scotland's Greig Laidlaw as England recovered from a half-time deficit to win at Twickenham . Mike Brown, making a welcome return from the concussion he suffered against Italy a month ago, latched on to a smart break down the short side from Ben Youngs after sharp work from Jack Nowell. The England full back pinned his ears back from 20 metres but Hogg had his measure on an arcing run and again the chance was lost as the ball was turned over. Nowell – who looked sharp throughout – was at fault next when he made a powerful break through the middle of Scotland’s defence only to ignore support runners on both sides and slip ineffectively into Hogg’s grasp. It was another chance lost and England could hardly believe they were just seven points ahead after a first quarter that promised so much but ultimately delivered little. England's Mike Brown attempts to keep a run going whilst missing a boot at Twickenham during the clash with Scotland . Scotland attempt to clear their lines during the Six Nations clash at Twickenham with Courtney Lawes (right) trying to block . Anthony Watson runs clear for Stuart Lancaster's England side during the Calcutta Cup contest with Scotland at Twickenham . If England have serious pretentions to challenge the world’s top sides on a consistent basis they simply cannot afford to waste chances like this. As Scotland sensed they’d somehow weathered the early storm, centre Mark Bennett forced his way over the line after 23 minutes on his side’s first serious incursion into England’s 22. Greig Laidlaw kicked the conversion and somehow Scotland were level at 7-7. As the half wore on, Scotland’s confidence grew. Joe Marler was penalised twice for boring in with England’s scrum dominant while Dylan Hartley’s line-out radar was once again out of kilter. It came as no surprise when the England hooker was substituted early in the second half. England back-row Billy Vunipola evades the tackles of two Scottish opponents, hoping to kick start another attack . Ford and Laidlaw exchanged penalties before Brown was forced into emergency defensive action when Scotland wing Dougie Fife cut through England’s defence and look to be bound for a try. But Brown took him down, only for another penalty to be conceded, with Laidlaw kicked, as Scotland took a three-point lead in at half time. England again started the second-half brightly and Ford went over within two minutes of the re-start when Chris Robshaw passed behind England’s first line of attackers and the fly half scurried in behind the Scotland defence. Referee Romain Poite chose not to refer his decision to the video referee despite suggestions of crossing. Another penalty from the excellent Ford saw Lancaster’s men into a 20-13 lead on 51 minutes but old habits die hard and Tom Youngs, on for the ineffective Hartley, became the latest England latest player to qualify as a master butcher when he scythed through Scotland’s defence only to throw yet another pass to nowhere. England’s profligacy was astonishing to witness, for all the wrong reasons. Brown looked to have scored on 62 minutes but – you guessed it – James Haskell’s pass was rightly deemed forward and England had their second try chalked off for a forward pass. Watson had crossed in the first half only for Ford’s earlier pass to Burrell to be called forward. Nowell dotted down late on to make it three tries to one. England's Dan Cole (left), Dylan Harltey (centre) and Jaoe Marler (right) prepare for another scrummage during the Calcutta Cup . Joe Marler is hauled to the ground with team-mate James Haskell (right) watching on as England looked to build on their second-half lead . Joe Marler (centre) celebrates England's second try with scorer George Ford (left) as Lancaster's side recovered to win on Saturday . England and Northampton lock Courtney Lawes jumps highest to win the lineout for the hosts as Lancaster's side went on the attack . Whilst the England players celebrate Jack Nowell's late try, the Scotland players look devastated during the Calcutta Cup defeat . Battered and bruised England players Dan Cole (left), Joe Marler (centre) and the Youngs brothers (right) pose with the Calcutta Cup . The England squad pose together with captain Chris Robshaw (centre) looking after the Calcutta Cup after defeating Scotland 25-13 . | Jonathan Joseph put England ahead early on with a fifth minute try for Stuart Lancaster's side . After a pulsating start for England, Scotland recovered to lead 13-10 at half-time at Twickenham . A George Ford try early just after half-time put England back into the ascendancy and Jack Nowell went over late on . CLICK HERE - for the player ratings from Twickenham . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Security guards and closed circuit camera systems will be deployed at 54 schools around Australia amid fears they could become the targets of violence, terrorist attacks or harassment stemming from 'racial or religious intolerance.' Half of the schools selected for the $18million, three-year funding program are Islamic or Jewish schools. Federal Justice Minister Michael Keenan announced 54 schools have been approved for help protecting their students under the program, theDaily Telegraph reports. Scroll down for video . In September last year youths allegedly shouted out threats to kill Christians and waved an Islamic State flag as they drove past a Maronite church and school in Sydney's west . Sydney teenager Abdullah Elmir, 17, is one of around 100 Australian men who are thought to have travelled to fight with the terrorist group Islamic State in Syria and Iraq . ‘This support recognises the unique security circumstances that some schools face,’ Mr Keenan said. ‘All our children have the right to be educated in a safe and secure setting.’ The funding promise was first made last year when the Attorney-General's Department invited schools to submit applications for extra security measures on their premises. 'The Australian Government has committed $18 million over three years for the new Schools Security Programme. It is designed to provide funding to government and non–government schools and preschools assessed as being at risk of attack, harassment or violence stemming from racial or religious intolerance,' the Attorney-General's office said. 'The programme will provide non-recurrent funding for security infrastructure, such as closed-circuit television (CCTV) systems, lighting and fences, and for the cost of employing security guards,' it added. Schools across Australia requested extra security assistance. Of those approved, 29 are in NSW and a large number of them are in Western Sydney. Victoria had the next-highest number of schools approved, with 15. Half the schools are Islamic or Jewish. The funding announcement comes after youths allegedly shouted out threats to kill Christians and waved an Islamic State flag as they drove past a Maronite church and school in Sydney's west last year, terrifying members of the community. NSW police investigated the incident at the Our Lady of Lebanon church and the Maronite College of the Holy Family in Harris Park in Sydney's west in September. It is alleged a youth in a passing red hatchback yelled out: 'We're going to kill all you Christians.' Also in September last year, a Jewish school in Sydney’s eastern suburbs constructed a bomb proof wall. Federal Justice Minister Michael Keenan announced 54 schools have been approved for help protecting their students and premises . Religious tension around Australia is thought to have been stirred-up by the actions of Islamic State jihadis such as Khaled Sharrouf (pictured) The Yeshiva Centre in Bondi erected the concrete wall in front of its college, which houses kindergarten to year 12 students as well as a synagogue, classes for adults and a community kitchen. Whilst Director Rabbi Dovid Slavin has been working towards breaking down barriers, he said 'building walls is the unfortunate reality' in Australia today. The construction of the wall was reportedly funded by private donations and $519,000 granted the Secure Schools Program. It came after a group of teenagers allegedly launched a tirade of anti-Semitic slurs when they boarded a bus in Randwick, Sydney's east, in August. Children as young as five were among the busload terrorised on when the young men dressed in baggy pants and t-shirts boarded the bus at Randwick, just before 4pm. Mohamed Elomar fled western Sydney in December 2013 to join the Islamic State . Several students made frantic calls to their parents after the youths allegedly started yelling 'kill the Jews' and 'free Palestine', and 'Heil Hitler'. Another incident involves residents in Bondi receiving anti-Semitic flyers in their letterboxes which urge 'white Australia' to 'wake up'. The letters claim 'the Jews' encourage 'race mixing' and that they 'own' Hollywood and the majority of western media. Last month it emerged that principals are struggling to deal with the students and parents who are falling under the sway of radical Islam, according to a group representing educators. Another teenager who was suspected of having ties to terrorism was Numan Haider who was shot dead by police last year after he stabbed two officers in Melbourne . The Australian Principals Federation has welcomed the Victorian government's move to introduce new measures to deal with the growing problem in schools. A state education spokesman said the department was working more closely with police and had nominated staff 'to provide advice and support to schools'. It comes after one principal told Fairfax Media of his struggles to help two children whose parents have left Australia to Syria to fight with Islamic State in the Middle East at his state-run primary school. 'We have to work extra hard to ensure students don't take up their parents extreme beliefs,' he said. 'I have them singing the national anthem with the Australian flag and say what a lucky country they live in.' The school is made up of a lot of children from the Shiite, Alawite and Sunni Muslim communities. Since then, there had been a rise in suspensions of students as they fought at school. The schools that have requested security assistance are based around Australia, with 29 of them in NSW and a large number of them in Western Sydney . 'What's happening in the Middle East does impact here - the families are divided in their beliefs,' he said. Australian Principals Association branch president Peter Kearney told Daily Mail Australia 'several issues' about 'social cohesion' had been raised by principals. 'One thing we see is that where there are tensions in the community then there are tensions in the school,' he said. Mr Kearney said radicalisation of students and children had been 'a battle for principals' but they were unsure about how to deal with it. The former principal's comments follow growing concerns for the vulnerability of teenagers being recruited by terror group Islamic State. Abdullah Elmir - dubbed the Ginger Jihadi - who went missing from his western Sydney home has appeared in a number of recruitment video for the extremist organisation in Syria. Another teenager who was suspected of having ties to terrorism was Numan Haider who was shot dead by police last year after he stabbed two officers in Melbourne. | Federal government to spend $18m over three years on school security . 54 schools were selected after submitting requests in September . Half the schools are Islamic and Jewish; 29 are in NSW and 15 in Victoria . The schools are 'at risk of attack, harassment or violence stemming from racial or religious intolerance' CCTV systems, lighting, fences and security guards will be funded . |
Given this paragraph, who was Ayrton Senna's teammate at McLaren-Honda? | Ayrton Senna began his motorsport career in karting, moved up to open-wheel racing in 1981 and won the 1983 British Formula Three Championship. He made his Formula One debut with Toleman-Hart in 1984, before moving to Lotus-Renault the following year and winning six Grands Prix over the next three seasons. In 1988, he joined Frenchman Alain Prost at McLaren-Honda. Between them, they won all but one of the 16 Grands Prix that year, and Senna claimed his first World Championship. Prost claimed the championship in 1989, and Senna his second and third championships in 1990 and 1991. In 1992, the Williams-Renault combination began to dominate Formula One. Senna nonetheless managed to finish the 1993 season as runner-up, winning five races and negotiating a move to Williams in 1994. | While at McLaren-Honda, Alain Prost was Ayrton Senna's teammate. |
What college did David Gilhooly go to? | He enrolled in University of California, Davis (UC Davis) initially studying biology, followed by anthropology, and ending with a focus on fine art. While attending UC Davis, Gilhooly served as artist Robert Arneson's assistant starting in 1963. He graduated from UC Davis with a BA degree in 1965, and an MA degree in 1967. | David Gilhooly went to the University of California, Davis (UC Davis). |
Given these paragraphs about battery storage power stations, what was the levelized cost of electricity from battery storage as of 2020? | As of 2021, the power and capacity of the largest individual battery storage power plants is an order of magnitude less than that of the largest pumped storage power plants, the most common form of grid energy storage. For example, the Bath County Pumped Storage Station, the second largest in the world, can store 24GWh of electricity and dispatch 3GW while the first phase of Vistra Energy's Moss Landing Energy Storage Facility can store 1.2GWh and dispatch 300MW. Grid batteries do not however have to be large, and smaller ones can be deployed widely across a grid for greater redundancy.
As of 2019, battery power storage is cheaper than open cycle gas turbine power for use up to two hours, and there was around 365 GWh of battery storage deployed worldwide, growing extremely rapidly. Levelized cost of electricity from battery storage has fallen rapidly, halving in two years to US$150 per MWh as of 2020. | US$150 per MWh. |
Given this paragraph about the Mercury Seven. Who did not survive to reach retirement and what was the cause of their death? | The Mercury Seven were the group of seven astronauts selected to fly spacecraft for Project Mercury. They are also referred to as the Original Seven and Astronaut Group 1. Their names were publicly announced by NASA on April 9, 1959; these seven original American astronauts were Scott Carpenter, Gordon Cooper, John Glenn, Gus Grissom, Wally Schirra, Alan Shepard, and Deke Slayton. The Mercury Seven created a new profession in the United States, and established the image of the American astronaut for decades to come.
All of the Mercury Seven eventually flew in space. They piloted the six spaceflights of the Mercury program that had an astronaut on board from May 1961 to May 1963, and members of the group flew on all of the NASA human spaceflight programs of the 20th century – Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, and the Space Shuttle.
Shepard became the first American to enter space in 1961, and later walked on the Moon on Apollo 14 in 1971. Grissom flew the first crewed Gemini mission in 1965, but died in 1967 in the Apollo 1 fire; the others all survived past retirement from service. Schirra flew Apollo 7 in 1968, the first crewed Apollo mission, in Grissom's place. Slayton, grounded with an atrial fibrillation, ultimately flew on the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project in 1975. The first American in orbit in 1962, Glenn flew on the Space Shuttle Discovery in 1998 to become, at age 77, the oldest person to fly in space at the time. He was the last living member of the Mercury Seven when he died in 2016 at age 95. | Only Gus Grissom did not survive to reach retirement. All others survived past retirement from service. The cause of his death is the Apollo 1 fire. |
Who was the first to record the Needles and Pins song? | "Needles and Pins" is a rock song credited to American writers Jack Nitzsche and Sonny Bono. Jackie DeShannon recorded it in 1963 and other versions followed. The most successful ones were by the Searchers, whose version reached No. 1 on the UK singles chart in 1964, and Smokie, who had a worldwide hit in 1977. Others who recorded the song include the Ramones, Gene Clark, and Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers with Stevie Nicks.
Jackie DeShannon version (1963)
In his autobiography, Bono states that he sang along with Nitzsche's guitar-playing, thus creating both the tune and the lyrics, being guided by the chord progressions. However, Jackie DeShannon claims that the song was written at the piano, and that she was a full participant in the song's creation, along with Nitzsche and Bono, although she did not get formal credit.
DeShannon was the first to record the song; in the US it peaked at number 84 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart in May 1963. Though it was only a minor US hit, DeShannon's recording of the song topped the charts in Canada, hitting number one on the CHUM Chart in July 1963 | The first artist to record Needles and Pins song was DeShannon. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Sam Allardyce insists he is not nearing the exit at West Ham and that his link with the Sunderland job for next season is nothing more than speculation. Dick Advocaat took over from sacked manager Gus Poyet at the Stadium of Light on Tuesday until the end of the season, and the 67-year-old’s first-ever Barclays Premier League match will be against the man tipped to replace him. Allardyce’s future remains uncertain under co-owners David Gold and David Sullivan with his contract expiring at the end of the season. Sam Allardyce (pictured at the Emirates last Saturday) insists he is not nearing the exit at West Ham . Allardyce is well thought of at Sunderland, who hired Dick Advocaat on a short-term deal this week . Big Sam goes into Saturday's game with Sunderland having not won in the Premier League since January 18 against Hull City, and the 60-year-old refused to discuss his future beyond his current contract. ‘Pure speculation,’ Allardyce said. ‘I’m West Ham manager. I’m professional. I’ m contracted to West Ham, and don’t expect anything other than that somewhere along the line we will be talking about a contract here.’ It was in May that Allardyce was told to play more attractive football, but the manager admitted he is now more bothered on simply winning points after picking up just eight in 2015. James Tomkins is out for the remainder of the season following surgery on a dislocated shoulder . West Ham will have to do so without defender James Tomkins, who was confirmed as being out for the remainder of the season following surgery on a dislocated shoulder suffered in training. ‘The bottom line to that is playing fantastic is great, but not winning is crucial. It’s critical,’ Allardyce continued. ‘We have big problems in winning a football match at the moment. Not the performance. The ultimate is our goal is to win football matches. Not to play well and not win. ‘That’s what we’ve been doing recently, and we’ve got to stop that. We’ve got to make sure the most important thing for Saturday is to gain a victory. Hopefully we can do that in style but if we can’t play as well as we have been doing, just make sure we win this game.’ | Sam Allardyce has been linked with the Sunderland job . The West Ham boss is well thought of at the Stadium of Light . Sunderland appointed Dick Advocaat until the end of the season after sacking Gus Poyet earlier this week . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Geraint Thomas claimed third place at the Gent-Wevelgem sprint classic in Belgium on Sunday despite suffering a crash. The Welshman's spill came with 58 kilometres to go when he was blown off the road in wet and windy conditions in Flanders, but the Team Sky rider bravely fought back to claim a podium place. Katusha's Luca Paolini took the title with Niki Terpstra of Etixx-Quick-Step finishing runner-up. Geraint Thomas of Team Sky reacts on the podium after the Gent-Wevelgem sprint classic . Commonwealth Games champion Thomas, who took victory in E3 Harelbeke on Friday, said on www.teamsky.com: 'Today it was just on all day - stress and full gas. 'I'm happy to be on the podium again. Obviously it would have been nice to go for the win but it's hard when you're coming into the final and everyone's attacking. You can't really go with everything and some people don't want to pull as much. On his crash, Thomas added: 'The grass was softer than the tarmac! It was unbelievable. The gusts were incredible. It was hard enough just trying to stay on the bike. Fortunately it was all okay in the end. 'I'll rest up now. Have a good massage, eat well, stay in bed and put my feet up until Sunday.' Sir Bradley Wiggins was included in the Team Sky line-up for the 239-kilometre one-day event but withdrew during the race. Niki Terpstra of team Etixx-Quick Step, Luca Paolini of team Katusha and Thomas of Team Sky on podium . | Geraint Thomas finished third in the Gent-Wevelgem sprint classic . The Team Sky rider had a nasty fall with 58 kilometres to go . Sir Bradley Wiggins was included in the team but withdrew during the race . |
Which movie was originally declared the winner for Best Picture? | The winners were announced during the awards ceremony on February 26, 2017. Moonlight became the first film with an all-black cast and the first LGBT-themed film to win Best Picture. In an event unprecedented in the history of the Oscars, La La Land was incorrectly announced as the Best Picture, and, a few minutes later, the error was corrected and Moonlight was declared the winner. O.J.: Made in America, at 467 minutes, became the longest film to win an Academy Award, surpassing the 431-minute long War and Peace, which won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 1969. Following the five-part documentary's win, new academy rules barred any "multi-part or limited series" from being eligible for documentary categories. With Casey Affleck winning the Oscar for Best Actor, he and his older brother, Ben Affleck, became the 16th pair of siblings to win Academy Awards. Mahershala Ali became the first Muslim actor to win an Oscar. Viola Davis became the first black person to achieve the Triple Crown of Acting with her Oscar, Emmy, and Tony wins. | La La Land was originally declared the winner for Best Picture |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Angel di Maria's old mansion is up for sale - but Manchester United fans need not worry that it means he is on his way out of Old Trafford. The Argentina international has not returned to the £4.15million, luxury six-bedroom pad in the leafy Cheshire village of Prestbury since an attempted break-in at the end of January. He moved with his family to The Lowry Hotel in Manchester city centre where they had a round-the-clock-security team. A general shot of the house that Angel di Maria and his family were staying in up until the break-in that occurred at the end of January . The house has been put up for sale after the Di Marias moved out following the break-in at the end of January . A night-time photograph of the swimming pool inside the mansion which Di Maria was renting . Di Maria's mansion had its own gym included next to the swimming pool at the luxury pad . A photograph of Di Maria's lounge in his mansion which has now been put up for sale by its private owners . The lounge which Di Maria and his family stayed in after he moved to Manchester United from Real Madrid . The kitchen in the luxury six-bedroom £4.15m mansion which Di Maria and his family were renting . A jaccuzzi in the luxury Prestbury mansion used by the Di Marias, which is now being put up for sale by its owner . One of the six bedrooms in the luxury mansion that is now being put up for sale following the break-in . Di Maria and his family will no longer stay at the mansion following the break-in that occurred at the end of January . A photograph of the bathroom in the mansion formerly rented by United's £60m signing Di Maria . Another photograph of the bathroom in the luxury pad that will no longer be rented by Di Maria . The hall in the mansion will no longer be used by the Di Marias as they have now found somewhere else to live . Angel di Maria's drop in form can be put down to the break-in at his house . But Sportsmail understands the Di Marias are no longer at the hotel and have found more long-term alternative accommodation at the Beetham Tower. The 27-year-old winger rented the stunning property, which features an indoor swimming pool, children's TV room, office, gym, changing rooms and apartment for staff, following his £60m switch to Old Trafford. Last month, Di Maria and his family suffered a 'terrifying raid' while inside the house. The player, who has struggled for form since his move from Spain, was reportedly having dinner with his wife, Jorgelina, and children as crooks tried in vain to smash through his patio doors.The three would-be thieves then fled empty-handed after triggering an alarm system. It is understood the house owner is now looking to sell the property but would be open to renting it again. A source said: 'It was a very unfortunate scenario and something that is very, very rare. The house is absolutely beautiful.' The advert, on Rightmove, states: 'Magnificent mansion set in well-manicured grounds in the heart of Prestbury on a private road. Indoor swimming pool with glass panels into the sitting room and hallway which truly envelopes the pool into the heart of the house.' Di Maria and his family are understood to be staying at the Beetham Tower following the break-in at their former mansion . Di Maria pictured with his wife Jorgelina in November 2014, just weeks before the break-in at his home . Di Maria and his wife Jorgelina attend the FIFA Ballon d'Or ceremony in Zurich in January 2015 together . United assistant Ryan Giggs insists Di Maria is not suffering from a crisis of confidence, however, and expects him to play a major role in their push for FA Cup glory and Champions League qualification. 'I think his confidence is fine,' Giggs said. 'He's a quality player and we'll be looking for him to produce because it is big game after big game now. 'Players get used to different leagues, sometimes quickly and sometimes it takes a bit of time. He had a really good start to the season but with players who take risks and who can win games it's always difficult to be consistent because they will try things that other players won't do. 'They're capable of doing that and that's why they're match-winners and the best players.' Di Maria has been replaced in Manchester United's last two Premier League games before the end . Di Maria has seen his form drop off in recent months after making a positive start to his career at Old Trafford . | Angel di Maria's rented house was broken in to while he and his family were in the property . The Manchester United player and his family moved to The Lowry Hotel with a round-the-clock security team . The luxury six-bedroom mansion is up for sale for £4.15million . Sportsmail understands the Di Marias have found long-term alternative accommodation at the Beetham Tower . CLICK HERE for all the latest Manchester United news . |
What is the total number of geographical entities (states, territories, regions) in Africa? | This is a list of sovereign states and dependent territories in Africa. It includes both fully recognised states, states with limited or zero recognition, and dependent territories of both African and non-African states. It lists 56 sovereign states (54 of which are member states of the United Nations), two non-sovereign (dependent) territories of non-African sovereign states, and ten sub-national regions of non-African sovereign states. Malta and parts of France, Italy, Portugal, and Spain are located on the African continental plate, some considerably closer to the African mainland than the European mainland but, politically, are generally considered to be European by convention. Egypt, although extending into Asia through the Sinai Peninsula, is considered an African state. | There are 56 sovereign states, 2 non-sovereign states, and 10 regions in Africa. This totals 56 + 2 + 10 = 68 territories. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Newcastle United are willing to pay the £2million compensation fee for Derby County boss Steve McClaren, Sportsmail understands. Senior sources within St James’ Park are convinced that the former England manager will be their next head coach come the summer and say the £3.5m pocketed from Alan Pardew’s defection to Crystal Palace in January will cover the cost of his arrival. It is McClaren’s relationship with United’s chief scout Graham Carr – in essence, the club’s director of football – which is the driving force behind their move for the 53-year-old. Newcastle United are willing to pay the £2million compensation fee for Derby County boss Steve McClaren . Head coach John Carver looks set to be replaced come the end of the Premier League season . Carr has been tasked with finding the new boss should the Magpies decide to replace current head coach John Carver - and that is looking increasingly likely. Sources at Newcastle have indicated McClaren is the only name being considered and they feel there is a willingness on his part to swap Pride Park for St James’ Park. McClaren’s camp deny this, instead insisting he is fully focussed on winning promotion to the Premier League with Derby. Derby boss McClaren has a good relationship with United’s chief scout Graham Carr (pictured) Despite a strong campaign, Derby are in danger of missing out on automatic promotion to the top flight . That, however, is to be expected given his promise to the club’s hierarchy that he would see out the season with the Rams when he was first linked with Newcastle in January. McClaren signed a new three-year deal in August and chief executive Sam Rush has again insisted this week that their manager is going nowhere. However, Derby are in danger of missing out on automatic promotion to the top flight and there is even a chance they could slip out of the play-off places. They announced losses of £7m this week, compared to the £18.7m profit recorded by Newcastle, who intend to invest heavily in their playing squad this summer. It is thought all of those factors will be enough for Carr to persuade McClaren to head to the North-East ahead of next season. | Newcastle have set sights on appointing Steve McClaren as next boss . McClaren would cost Newcastle United £2million in compensation . Sportsmail understands Magpies are willing to pay the fee . Derby County boss has good relationship with chief scout Graham Carr . CLICK HERE for all the latest Newcastle United news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | CLICK HERE to read Sportsmail's full interview with Daniel Sturridge by Chief Sports Writer Oliver Holt. The Liverpool striker talks about his upbringing, his club team-mates and why he doesn't blame Roy Hodgson for his five-month injury lay-off. Daniel Sturridge describes himself as a 'very closed-off person' but here in an exclusive interview with Sportsmail he opens up about his life on-and-off the field. As the Reds prepare for Monday's Premier League trip to Swansea, the 25-year-old striker talks about his upbringing, his club team-mates and why he doesn't blame Roy Hodgson for his five-month injury lay-off. Here, Sportsmail gathers the best 10 quotes from our Sturridge interview. Daniel Sturridge tells Sportsmail his thoughts on Mario Balotelli, Steven Gerrard and his injury problems . Sturridge on Mario Balotelli . 'In football you meet people who are cool guys and he is one of those guys. He is a young guy who just wants to live his life. Anyone at the age of 24, if you put a microscope on them for a few months and see how they are living, it would probably be far worse than Mario. He is a normal guy. Footballers are put on a pedestal of not being human but we are just normal people. I am a normal dude.' Mario Balotelli (left) has been described as a 'cool guy' by Sturridge, despite a difficult start at his new club . Sturridge on Steven Gerrard . 'This guy is a living legend. Words can't describe what he has done not just for the club but for the players as well. He helps players settle in, young players. He takes them under his wing. We will never be able to repay him for that. His stature and his demeanour will be very difficult to replace but we have to. It will take time. That guy will always be a legend in my eyes. I am in awe of him now.' Sturridge (right) has hailed departing Liverpool captain Steven Gerrard (centre) as a 'living legend' of the club . Sturridge on strikers . 'Why am I watching someone else's glories and achievements? It doesn't matter to me who comes around or what players are about. It means nothing to me. When you watch other people, you don't get anywhere in life because you are at war with yourself. Well done to Harry Kane and what he has achieved, but I am not watching what he is doing. I just believe in me.' Harry Kane has had a scintillating season at Tottenham scoring 26 goals in all competitions so far . Sturridge on England injury . 'Regardless of what happened in the past, I love playing for England,’ says Sturridge. ‘That situation occurred and it’s in the past. I don’t want to dwell on it. People pick injuries up and they are unfortunate. It just so happened I got injured that day. It’s life. People get injured sometimes. It is what it is.' Sturridge's five-month injury lay-off began when he damaged thigh muscles while on England duty last year . Sturridge on Roy Hodgson . ‘My relationship with the England manager is top class. No worries at all. We speak via text. We speak to each other. We keep in touch. Throughout my injury, he kept in touch. I would never blame him for this. Never. Or any of the staff - it was just an unfortunate incident. I have got so much respect and admiration for him and his set-up. The relationship is very, very good.' Despite the injury, Sturridge (right) says his relationship with England manager Roy Hodgson as 'top class' Sturridge on his personal life . 'I'm a very closed-off person,' says Sturridge. 'I can count my friends on one hand. Everyone has acquaintances, workmates and so on, but apart from that, I just have my family and a close-knit group of people around me. 'Why closed-off? I think it is down to childhood. When you grow up in certain environments, you can't be too loud or too open because you can be exposed to things you don't want to be exposed to. Where I grew up there was crime and there were other things.' Despite his extrovert celebration, the 25-year-old striker describes himself as a 'very closed-off person' Sturridge on Birmingham gang culture . 'There was a gang culture when I was growing up in Birmingham. It was easy to stay away from it because the football was there but that’s the reason why I have never been open. 'It becomes second nature to be like that. I had to be wary. At all times. 'The gang stuff wasn’t based on colours - it was more about areas. You might be a family friend of someone who was involved with something. I was never involved in anything like that and I enjoyed growing up there.' Sturridge on faith . 'I am grateful to God for everything that I have had in the past and everything I will have in the future,' he says. 'You have setbacks, you have comebacks, you have glories, you don't have glories. Not everything is going to be rosy and sweet all the time. There are going to be times in your life when you go through certain situations that test your character, test your courage, test your faith, test your self-belief, test everything.' Sturridge grew up in Hockley in the inner city Birmingham where he kept to himself to himself as a child . Sturridge on USA injury rehabilitation routine . 'I am getting up at 7am and I am finishing at 4 or 5pm. I’m tired. It’s dark by then. The sun’s not out. I went back to my room, ate. Then I played some dominoes and went to bed.' Sturridge on his dream dinner date with four sportsmen . 'Muhammad Ali, Tiger Woods, Michael Jordan and Diego Maradona. I prefer Pele to Maradona as a player but I’d have Maradona for the laughs.' Argentina great Diego Maradona (centre) would be included in Sturridge's dream sportsmen dinner date . | Daniel Sturridge talks about his Birmingham upbringing and gangs . Striker describes Liverpool team-mate Mario Balotelli as a 'cool guy' Liverpool star hails Steven Gerrard as a 'living legend' |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Two New Jersey drug addicts who were arrested last year after the woman's baby nearly died after eating heroin have avoided prison time. Mark Tomat, 26, this week admitted to a judge that he and his girlfriend Tara Bradbury, 23, took heroin at her home in Wyckoff on Valentine's Day 2014. Last month, Bradbury - who comes from an upper-middle class New Jersey community - gave birth to a second child while she was being treated at an intensive program - to ensure she didn't take any more drugs to harm her unborn son. Mark Tomat, 26, admitted to a judge that he and his girlfriend Tara Bradbury, 23, took heroin at her home in Wyckoff last February. Bradbury's nine-month-old baby accidentally ingested the drug . Tomat said he left the narcotic lying around the house and learned Bradbury's baby had ingested the drug about an hour after he left that night. Police found text messages between the two in which they talked about a plan to deny that they knew the baby had eaten heroin - so as not to incriminate themselves. Paramedics responding to a 911 call found the infant unresponsive and with a bruised forehead. The baby recovered after it was administered Narcan, an antidote for heroin overdose. Bradbury, who is from the upper-middle-class community Indian Hills, was sentenced to drug court, which means she will be provided with ongoing treatment in an intensely supervised drug treatment program. On February 27 she delivered the couple's first child together - her second. Bradbury voluntarily entered Bergen County Jail earlier that month so that she could receive proper medical attention in the weeks leading up to her due date, according to her attorney Joseph Rem. Bradbury, pictured here in 2013, was sentenced to drug court,which means she will be provided with ongoing treatment while being supervised and randomly drug tested. She recently delivered her first child with Tomat . Bradbury, pictured in 2013, voluntarily entered Bergen County Jail earlier that month so that she could receive proper medical attention in the weeks leading up to her due date . Her stay would also protect Bradbury from doing anything that could potentially hurt the fetus, Rem told the Cliffview Pilot. Tomat will be sentenced to probation in exchange for his plea. His attorney Warren Sutnick said Tomat has made 'enormous strides' since the incident and that he believes his client will be 'very successful'. When Wyckoff Police Department officers searched Bradbury's home last year, they discovered Suboxone, which is used to treat narcotic addiction, and other drug paraphernalia, according to prosecutor John L. Molinelli. Molinelli said investigators also found deleted text messages from Bradbury and Tomat's cell phones in which the couple allegedly planned to deny that they knew the baby had ingested heroin. The infant is now in the care of relatives. Bradbury's attorney said her stay would also protect Bradbury from doing anything that could potentially hurt the fetus . When Wyckoff Police Department officers searched Bradbury's home last year, they discovered Suboxone, which is used to treat narcotic addiction, and other drug paraphernalia . | Mark Tomat, 26, said he and his girlfriend Tara Bradbury, 23, took heroin at her New Jersey home and then he left it lying around the house . Paramedics found the baby unresponsive and with bruised forehead . Infant was administered Narcan, a heroin overdose antidote, and recovered . Investigators found deleted text messages on the couple's phones allegedly planning to deny that they knew the baby had ingested heroin . Bradbury was sentenced to drug court last year and delivered the couple's first child together last month . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Ryan Colclough returned from 16 months on the sidelines by getting the goal which moved Crewe out of the Sky Bet League One relegation zone as they beat Sheffield United 2-1. The 20-year-old forward had been sidelined by a troublesome hernia problem since November 2013 but made up for lost time by coming off the bench to strike a 90th-minute winner which lifted the Alex up to 18th. Finnish striker Lauri Dalla Valle had given the Alex a half-time lead but his goal was cancelled out by Jason Holt 10 minutes into the second half. Lauri Dalla Valle (centre left) scored Crewe's opening goal in the 2-1 defeat of Sheffield United . Sheffield United's Paul Coutts sits dejected after the final whistle at Bramall Lane . Table-topping Bristol City were only able to extend their lead by a solitary point after being held to a 2-2 draw by rejuvenated Barnsley at Ashton Gate. The Robins were back in action six days after lifting the Johnstone's Paint Trophy at Wembley and they made the perfect start when Marlon Pack converted a penalty after Jean Yves Mvoto fouled Aaron Wilbraham. However, former Oldham loanee Jabo Ibehre levelled matters and Josh Scowen scored the goal which looked to be consigning Bristol City to their first defeat in nine games before Joe Bryan rescued a point which sent his side 11 points clear of second-placed Preston. Notts County started life without Shaun Derry by drawing 2-2 with fellow strugglers Scunthorpe at Meadow Lane. Paul Hart had been placed in temporary charge of the Magpies and his reign got off on the wrong note when Iron debutant Theo Robinson opened the scoring inside a minute. Joe Bryan (left) scored as Bristol City extended their lead at the top of the table to nine points . Notts County caretaker boss Paul Hart could only manage a draw with Scunthorpe in his first game in charge . Goals from Gary Jones and Balint Bajner turned the game on its head before Niall Canavan rescued a point for Mark Robins' men four minutes from time. Rochdale recovered from their derby-day defeat at Oldham in midweek by beating bottom-of-the-table Yeovil 2-1 to move into sixth. All three goals came in six second-half minutes, with Rhys Bennett and Jack O'Connell putting the hosts two goals up before James Hayter pulled one back for the struggling Glovers. Colchester, the team directly above Yeovil, were not in action as their game against Swindon was postponed due to the Robins' international call-ups, but Leyton Orient put further distance between themselves and the bottom two following a 3-1 triumph over Port Vale. The visitors led through Chris Birchall but Chris Neal's dismissal just after half-time proved costly as the O's took full advantage of their one-man advantage, David Mooney levelling from the penalty spot before Neill Collins' own goal and Dean Cox's strike gave the hosts all three points. Gillingham's Jermaine McGlashan in congratulated after scoring to drag Crawley into the drop zone . Crawley sunk into the drop zone after going down 2-1 to Gillingham at home, Jermaine McGlashan scoring the winner after Bradley Dack and Izale McLeod had traded goals. Dean Holden's Latics, Rochdale's Tuesday night conquers, went down to a 2-0 defeat against Bradford thanks to Billy Clarke's second-half brace. Peterborough slipped to eighth as Blair Turgott scored the goal which enhanced Coventry's survival chances, while Chesterfield were also 1-0 winners over Walsall thanks to Sam Hird's 86th-minute header. | Crewe moved out of the drop zone with 2-1 victory over Sheffield United . Bristol City remain top of the table after a 2-2 draw with Barnsley . Crawley fell into the bottom four after losing 2-1 to Gillingham at home . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Goalkeeper Simon Mignolet admits Liverpool's improved defensive resilience is making life a little easier for them and instilling confidence throughout the side. A 2-0 victory over struggling Burnley - which the Belgium goalkeeper stressed was just as important as Sunday's win over high-flying Manchester City - saw the Reds record their sixth clean sheet in eight Premier League matches. They have now not lost in 12 league games, picking up 30 points, and have won seven of the last eight. Liverpool goalkeeper Simon Mignolet (left) believes the team's improved defence helped confidence to grow . Mignolet kept another clean sheet against Burnley on Wednesday and has been pleased with his form . Jordan Henderson (third left) struck Liverpool's first goal from the edge of the area in the first half at Anfield . Liverpool were not seriously tested by the second-bottom visitors at Anfield on Wednesday night but Mignolet said that should not detract from the defensive work being done by the side. 'I think we defended really well. We were very organised and we didn't give too many things away,' he said. 'A clean sheet is nice and I am happy with how things are going but we all have to keep improving and keep looking forward. 'We're doing our jobs at the moment and we have to keep that going until the end of the season because it makes it easier for us to win games. 'Even at half-time, when it was 1-0, we were saying that we had to keep going because one goal can change the whole game. 'We wanted to make sure we didn't give any silly goals away. We kept calm and defended well and then we got that second goal, which makes things a little bit easier for us at the end. 'Teams likes Man City and Chelsea lost points against Burnley at home so we needed to get three points, otherwise that win over Man City would have meant nothing. 'So six points out of six was what we wanted, and we can move forward and we need to keep going like this until the end of the season.' Stand-in captain Jordan Henderson opened the scoring for the second successive game and the 24-year-old is growing into the senior midfielder role in the absence of Steven Gerrard, who returned to training this week after a hamstring injury. Gerrard leaves for Los Angeles Galaxy in the summer and Henderson, as current vice-captain, is favourite to assume the armband on a permanent basis. Henderson (left) has been filling in as captain in the absence of Steve Gerrard through injury . Gerrard (centre) is back in training but will leave Liverpool when his contract expires at the end of the season . Daniel Sturridge (right) headed in Liverpool's second goal in the game against Burnley on Wednesday . 'Jordan is a massive player for us,' said Mignolet. 'He is a very positive character who always works hard and leads by example. 'He's vocal both on the pitch and in the dressing room. He goes in front of us and everyone follows behind. 'We've got a young squad but that doesn't mean there aren't leaders in the team. 'Every individual is contributing to the team. The big thing for us is we're a unit and we're working well together. 'But individuals score goals and at the moment it's Jordan, Philippe (Coutinho) and Studge (Daniel Sturridge) doing the business for us.' Liverpool have not lost in the 13 matches Henderson has started as captain, with an incredible record of eight Premier League wins out of nine. He made his 200th league appearance in the win over Burnley but admits his record as skipper is of less interest to him. Mignolet also praised the recent form shown by attacking midfielder Philippe Coutinho (right) Liverpool have not lost when Henderson (right) has been captain during the course of this season . 'The 200 games means I'm getting a bit older - which is not nice - but the captain one doesn't make any difference to me,' Henderson told liverpoolfc.com. 'I just try to do what I always do and lead by example, whether I'm captain or not, and so does everyone else. 'The performance and the points are the most important thing - I'll let everyone else look at the stats.' | Simon Mignolet has kept six clean sheets in his last eight league games . The goalkeeper believes the improved defence has helped the whole team . Mignolet also praised the influence of vice captain Jordan Henderson . READ: Emre Can will be a world class player, says Brendan Rodgers . CLICK HERE for all the latest Liverpool news . |
When was Lee Kuan Yew born and when did he rule as the Prime Minister of Singapore? | Lee Kuan Yew (16 September 1923 – 23 March 2015), born Harry Lee Kuan Yew, often referred to by his initials LKY, was a Singaporean lawyer, politician and statesman who served as the inaugural Prime Minister of Singapore between 1959 and 1990, and Secretary-General of the People's Action Party between 1954 and 1992. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of Tanjong Pagar from 1955 until his death in 2015. Lee is widely recognised as the founding father of Singapore. | Lee Kuan Yew was born on 16 September 1923 and he served as the inaugural Prime Minister of Singapore from 1959 to 1990. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Eight competitive rounds to the Masters and Rory McIlroy is determined to get back on track after the rude awakening of a rare missed cut at the Honda Classic last week. ‘Sometimes a kick up the backside can do you a world of good, and I want to do well in these next two events,’ said the world No 1, who will tee off alongside world No 2 Bubba Watson and No 3 Henrik Stenson in the WGC-Cadillac Championship at Doral on Thursday. The 25-year-old took advantage of some unexpected time off to take his mum Rosie out for a birthday treat last Friday night before getting down to some serious hard practice over the weekend. Rory McIlroy was back in action during a practice round ahead of the WGC-Cadillac Championship . World No 1 has this event and the Arnold Palmer Invitational to hone his game for the Masters . McIlroy only has The Masters left to complete a full set of golf's grand slam titles . ‘I guess coming off a three-week break you’re never quite sure how your game is going to be, and I just wasn’t comfortable playing the shots I needed to play in the wind,’ said McIlroy. ‘Now I’m excited to get back at it and obviously put in a better performance. I’ve worked on those wind shots and I feel in a better place and probably a little more prepared than I was last week.’ On Monday, McIlroy turned up at the renowned Seminole club in south Florida for their fabled member-guest event. He walked through the locker room and studied the names on the winner’s board. Men with names like Snead and Hogan. Nicklaus, Palmer and Woods. ‘It would be cool to have my name up there,’ he thought to himself and well, you can probably guess what happened next. The four-time major champion breezed round in 63 and won by two strokes. The Norther Irishman gets lost among the azaleas while playing the Masters last season . McIlroy got a 'kick up the backside' by missing the cut at the Honda Classic in Florida . Now it is the first World Golf Championship event of the season featuring every single member of the world’s top 50. ‘I don’t know whether it’s important for me to be going to the Masters at the top of my form,’ said McIlroy. ‘I’ve won majors when not playing well leading up to them. But I know one thing for sure. I’d much rather be going there with a win or a good performance under my belt.’ When he has finished here, McIlroy will head up to Augusta with his dad Gerry before playing his final competitive event ahead of his first tilt at a career grand slam. That event will be at the Arnold Palmer Invitational at Bay Hill. McIlroy was not the only one to leave West Palm Beach last week determined to make amends here. How about Ian Poulter, who bossed a good field in terms of shotmaking but squandered a golden opportunity to claim his first strokeplay triumph on American soil? Ryder Cup hero Ian Poulter announces he will be hosting the British Masters in October . The British Masters will be staged at Woburn Golf Club in association with Sky Sports . Poulter put no fewer than five balls into the water during his final round to miss out on the sudden death play-off by a stroke. Now he finds himself on a course laden with so many water hazards it is known as the Blue Monster. Any prospect of a watery hangover, therefore? The ever-confident one gave short shrift to the notion. ‘Do you think I will have suddenly developed a phobia for water?’ he asked, aghast. ‘Come on. I’m holding a bottle of water for heaven’s sake! ‘Honestly, I couldn’t care less there’s water everywhere. This is a course where you’ve got to hit your targets and yes, if you miss them and hit bad shots then chances are that your ball is going to finish up wet. ‘But I’m going into this tournament having led the field last week in greens in regulation and shots that finished closest to the hole. ‘Yes, it’s a tournament I should have won and I’m devastated in some ways that I didn’t. But I haven’t spent the time since wallowing on the sofa or worrying about the three or four loose shots that cost me. Poulter found the water no less than five times as he missed out on a play off at the Honda Classic . Poulter insists he has put the slump behind him and is fitter than ever heading into the WGC at Doral . ‘Time to move on and enjoy the fact I’m fitter than I’ve been for some time. I did some tests last week and the strength in my shoulder area is 75 per cent greater than last year, when I was struggling with injuries. No, it doesn’t mean I’m going to hit the ball 75 per cent further but it does mean I’m going to be able to cope better with the rigours of a long season and be able to hit the number of practice balls on the range that I want to.’ Poulter was speaking at the official announcement that he will be the host when the British Masters, with Sky Sports as presenting sponsor, is relaunched in October. If that welcome development sounds familiar, it is because Sportsmail broke the news last November. As we revealed back then, Poulter will be followed in future years as host by Justin Rose, Lee Westwood and Luke Donald. | Rory McIlroy missed the cut at the Honda Classic, Florida last week . World No 1 is back playing at the WGC-Cadillac Championship in Doral . McIlroy has two events left before the start of The Masters at Augusta . Ian Poulter announced he would be hosting British Masters in October . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Williams driver Valtteri Bottas has been warned by the FIA he must stop driving the moment he suffers a repeat of the back pain that forced him out of the Australian Grand Prix. Bottas sustained a very small tear in the annular part of a disc in his lower back during qualifying, leading to severe pain. Although the Finn made himself available to drive on Sunday morning ahead of the race, the FIA ultimately declared him unfit. Valtteri Bottas briefs the press about his injury at the Sepang Circuit Medical Centre on Thursday . Bottas declared himself fit for Melbourne after suffering a back injury in qualifying, but still missed the race . Ahead of Sunday's race in Malaysia, Bottas has now been given the all clear, albeit with the proviso from the FIA that 'in case of a recurrence of pain, or any abnormal feeling, he must stop at the earliest opportunity'. Bottas has no doubt he will come through unscathed as he said: 'The back is good, no pain, which is nice. 'At the end of last week I could do something without any pain, and during the weekend I could swim, cross-train without any pain, so the recovery was really good. 'We've done everything we can in this short period of time - luckily there are two weeks - so I feel confident of getting back in the car.' Bottas has revealed the injury was due to his brake and seat position inside his car, which have since been corrected. 'The back is now in a more neutral position, less pressure on the discs. We are confident that should be it,' added Bottas. Preparations are ramping up in Kuala Lumpur ahead of the Malaysian Grand Prix . Mercedes director Toto Wolff (right) speaks with Bottas in the paddock in Kuala Lumpur . 'I've never had any problems before with the lower back. That kind of thing normally takes a bit of time to build up. 'But there was no warning, it went suddenly under maximum braking. It was like someone putting a knife in there, with the pain ramping up through to midnight. 'During the night it started to ease off. In the morning I would have been ready to race. 'I did pass the tests, but the FIA had access to all the material from the hospital, from the MRI and that stuff. 'Maybe they thought it was better (not to race) in the longer term, which could have been true. 'It was very disappointing, but I also respect the FIA's decision, with the support great from the team.' As a precaution, Williams on Thursday announced Adrian Sutil as their reserve driver, with the German back in Formula One after being axed by Sauber at the end of last year. Although Susie Wolff is test driver and young Briton Alex Lynn the development driver, Williams believe experience is crucial should a sudden change be required. Sir Frank Williams said: 'The fight for a top constructors' championship position will be intense this season. 'Therefore we have selected a driver with recent race experience and are confident if the need arose, he would be a solid pair of hands to race the FW37 and assist our 2015 campaign.' | Valtteri Bottas suffered tear in a disc in his lower back in Melbourne . Injury caused pain 'like a knife' would, forcing him out of Australian GP . Williams driver insists he is fine to race in Malaysian GP . But he has been warned he must withdraw if he feels more pain . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Extreme measures have been taken to fool men into proposing to their partners. It has emerged that positive pregnancy tests have been advertised on a private Melbourne Facebook page, Fairfax Radio 3AW reports. For just $20, the post on the Port Melbourne Garden City and Surrounding Suburbs Buy, Swap and Sell page reportedly sold these tests showing fake results. Positive pregnancy tests were reportedly sold on a private Facebook group - the Port Melbourne Garden City and Surrounding Suburbs Buy, Swap and Sell page . The caption on the post reads: 'Ladies want your man to propose!? Positive pregnancy test for $20ea. Make that man yours!' The post was soon removed after it caused concerns among members from the Facebook group. A woman named Sue told 3AW she and many others failed to see the humour in the post uploaded on Saturday night. 'No one found it funny,' she said. 'This person who actually posted it wrote on there: "It worked for my girlfriend – she said she lost it".' Sue further told the radio station that she was more disgusted to find the person responsible for the post works in the nursing field. It is unknown if the advertisement was genuine or a joke however the post has been deleted and no purchases were made, Yahoo7 News reports. | Positive pregnancy tests were reportedly sold on a private Facebook page . The ad, uploaded on Saturday, sold the tests for $20 in Melbourne . It is unknown whether the post was genuine or a joke . The post has since been deleted and no sales have reportedly been made . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)And breathe. Real Madrid squeezed through to the quarterfinals of the European Champions League -- but only just. The 10-time-winner escaped a humiliating exit from the tournament after going down 4-3 at home to German side Schalke allowing it to sneak through 5-4 on aggregate. Had it not been for Cristiano Ronaldo, who scored twice to ensure his place as the record goalscorer in European football competitions, then it could have been far more embarrassing. As it was, Real's players were met with the waving of handkerchiefs and whistles on an evening which threatened to spiral from disaster into ignominy. Real's malaise has been well documented but this latest chapter, where it was hugely fortunate to escape with its hands still on the trophy, offered yet more questions than answers. Carlo Ancelotti's team have endured a difficult few weeks, but if his players had arrived at the Bernabeu hoping to silence the sniping critics then they failed miserably. This was a dire display from one of the most expensively assembled teams on the planet, who but for arguably the world's greatest player, would have succumbed to one of the most embarrassing defeats in the club's illustrious history. Make no bones about it - Real was rumbled. Schalke, produced a fine performance, full of courage, energy and a zest which their opponent could scarcely match. Had it not been for one player on the opposing side then perhaps this would have been one of the most famous nights in Schalke's history. Unfortunately, that one player was Ronaldo. As lethargic and lackadaisical as Real was throughout the contest, Ronaldo's two goals, both headers, ensured its place in the next round. Nobody has scored more goals than Ronaldo in European club football -- his 77th and 78th taking him to the top of the chart ahead of his nemesis, Lionel Messi. His latest efforts may not have been the most spectacular, but they were so very precious given the nature of the tie. Leading 2-0 from the first leg in Gelsenkirchen, Real was firm favorite to progress. No team in the history of the competition had lost the first leg 2-0 at home and managed to progress -- and Schalke appeared unlikely to alter that statistic. Coached by Roberto di Matteo, who led Chelsea to Champions League glory in 2012, Schalke arrived hoping to give a good account of themselves, according to the Italian. Fifth in the German league, this was hardly a team which was supposed to send Madrid into a meltdown -- and yet that's what came to fruition. But, given the recent form of the Carlo Ancelotti's side, perhaps this was not so unexpected. Last weekend's league defeat at Athletic Bilbao brought about a new wave of criticism for Ancelotti. Toppled from the summit by arch rival Barcelona, Real has struggled in recent weeks for consistency by its own high standards. Its astounding 22-game winning streak was curtailed by Valencia on January 4 and the style and swagger which was so evident during that run soon fell away. A 4-0 defeat by champion and city rival Atletico in February was difficult to stomach as was the defeat in the Basque country to Bilbao -- but Real's problems stretch beyond results. Real began slowly, in fact, slowly would have been an improvement on what was quite a dreadful opening period. Those in white shirts appeared to be running in slow motion as Schalke took the contest to its opponent with a zest and spirit which Real could not match. Having already fired several warning shots, Schalke finally made the breakthrough its energy and enterprise deserved when Christian Fuchs fired home after good work by Klaas-Jan Huntelaar. Real, abject in the extreme, appeared bereft of ideas, short on confidence and as if those on the field had merely stumbled upon the stadium's turf without actually meeting one another. Fortunately, in Ronaldo, Real has a man who has power beyond those of his fellow mortals. Schalke's lead lasted just five minutes -- Ronaldo finding both time and space inside the penalty area before heading home from close range. That strike, his 40th of the season, should have settled the home side down. Yet, what followed, was another example of Real's fragility. First, Huntelaar, once a Real player, pounced upon Raphael Varane's dreadful backpass only for his effort to lack the necessary power. Soon after, the Dutchman struck the crossbar with a fine volley from 25-yards which left Iker Casillas, the Real goalkeeper, clutching at thin air. Schalke sensed its opportunity and with four minutes of the first half it finally struck when Max Meyer, the 19-year-old, fired home after Casillas had fumbled Huntelaar's effort. Real was reeling -- and yet it was Ronaldo once again who got it out of trouble. Fabio Coentrao, the left-back, produced a fine cross and Ronaldo eased away from his marker to head his second of the game. That should have been that for Schalke, at least Real might have felt that way when Karim Benzema put his side ahead for the first time on the night. The Frenchman danced his way through the defense before coolly netting Real's third of the evening with eight minutes of the second period played. While Real continued to threaten in attack, its defense remained suspect. Leroy Sane, just 19 years of age, was the next beneficiary of the home side's reluctance to put pressure on the ball. The midfielder was allowed both time and space to take aim and curl a quite sumptuous effort into the far corner past the watching Casillas. Real, unbeaten at home in the Champions League since April 2011, remained vulnerable, particularly at the heart of the midfield. It was one of those midfielders, Luka Modric, back from injury, whose mistake gave Huntelaar the opportunity to set up a pulsating finish. Modric's loose pass allowed the forward to take the ball in his stride before unleashing an unstoppable effort which crashed in off the underside of the crossbar. As the whistles rang out, those in blue poured forward with the impressive Sane forcing Casillas into a fine stop as the visitors edged closer and closer to an all important fifth goal. With the clock ticking down, Schalke threw everyone forward in search of a dramatic winner -- but when the ball broke to Benedikt Howedes, the defender could only fire his shot straight at Casillas. The referee's whistle brought relief, though the howls of derision from the home supporters gave the players an idea of their recent failings. "Getting through to the next round is very important for us, sometimes you have to suffer and this will make us stronger," said Modric. "We have to get back to playing the way we were at the start of the season, we have a lot of quality and I think that we're going to see a much better Real Madrid in the next game." Porto power through . In the night's other game, Porto trounced Swiss side FC Basel 4-0 to secure a 5-1 aggregate victory. Porto, winners in 2004 under Jose Mourinho, eased home courtesy of goals from Yacine Brahimi, Hector Herrera, Casemiro and Vincent Aboubakar. "You have to applaud the entire team for this fantastic performance against a very difficult opponent who came here determined to qualify," Julen Lopetegui, the Porto coach, told reporters. "We deserve to be in the Champions League quarterfinals even if we came through qualifying. "I am very happy and very proud of my players who showed a lot of character." | Real Madrid qualifies for the quarterfinals of European Champions League . Cristiano Ronaldo scores twice in 4-3 defeat by Schalke . Real wins 5-4 on aggregate following 2-0 first leg success . Porto through to last eight following victory over Basel . |
Where is Landscape Arch? | Landscape Arch is a natural rock arch in Arches National Park in the U.S. state of Utah. With a length of 290.1 feet (88.4 m), it is the longest natural arch in the park and the United States, and the fifth-longest in the world. Landscape Arch was named by Frank Beckwith, who explored the area in the winter of 1933–34 as the leader of a scientific expedition. | Landscape Arch is a natural rock arch in Arches National Park in the U.S. state of Utah. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | It was a day of firsts for Whitecaps FC striker Robert Earnshaw as he wasted no time in grabbing his first goal for his new club by scoring with his first touch of the ball against Portland Timbers on Saturday evening. With the game looking as though it was heading for a 1-1 draw, Welsh manager Carl Robinson put faith in his veteran compatriot, bringing him on as an 87th minute substitute for the Vancouver outfit . Within three minutes, the former Premier League striker was putting the ball in the back of the net and showboating his trademark somersault celebration. Vancouver striker Robert Earnshaw (right) chips the ball over the onrushing Portland Timbers goalkeeper . The former Wales international leaps over Adam Kwarasey as they both watch the ball sail into the net . Earnshaw punches the air in delight as he celebrates his 90th minute strike that decided the game . Following a finely weighted through ball from Pedro Morales and some circus-like defending from former West Bromdefender Liam Ridgewell and Nat Borchers, Earnshaw found himself bearing down on goal with just the keeper to beat. Putting any debut match jitters to one side in front of the home crowd at BC Place, the 33-year-old finished with aplomb with a delightful dink over the onrushing Adam Kwarasey. Giles Barnes (Houston Dynamo) Andrew Driver (DC United) Dom Dwyer (Kansas City) Lewis Neal (DC United) Nigel Reo-Coker (Vancouver Whitecaps) Liam Ridgewell (Portland Timbers) Darel Russell (Toronto FC) Matt Watson (Vancouver Whitecaps) Lloyd Sam (New York Red Bulls) Bradley Wright-Phillips (New York Red Bulls) Steven Caldwell (Toronto FC) Callum Mallace (Montreal Impact) Adam Moffat (FC Dallas) Andy Dorman (New England Revolution) Steven Gerrard (LA Galaxy)* . Frank Lampard (New York City FC)* . *Set to join . After his signing was confirmed on Wednesday, the former Cardiff, Nottingham Forest and Derby County striker's input took the 'Caps to their third straight victory before they host LA Galaxy on Sunday, and he was thrilled to get on the score sheet so early in his Whitecaps career. 'The length of time I've been playing football and that feeling when the ball hits the net, oh my god, it's the best,' Earnshaw told reporters after the game. But it's not the first time Earnshaw has been among the goals during an MLS debut. The Welshman also netted on his first game for previous club, Chicago Fire, and also bagged a brace on his home debut with Toronto FC. Caps boss Robinson is a keen admirer of Earnshaw and his match-winning performance on Saturday merely confirmed his belief. 'I said he'll get one chance,' Robinson said. 'I brought him here because he can score goals. When he gets the chance and he gets in the right position, he usually takes it. I knew he'd get one chance. The coolness of the finish and the calmness in his head was outstanding.' Former Wales striker Earnshaw, who announced his retirement from international football last week, is not the only Brit to be plying his trade in the ever-expanding MLS. Earnshaw is not the only Brit to move to the MLS and will be joined by New York FC's Frank Lampard (left) Since David Beckham's high-profile move to LA Galaxy in 2007, and with Liverpool captain Steven Gerrard and former Chelsea star Frank Lampard set to embark on a career in America, there has been an influx of British talent travelling across the Atlantic. Among those stars currently earning a living in the States alongside Earnshaw and Ridgewell are former Charlton forwards, Bradley Wright Phillips and Lloyd Sam (New York Red Bulls), former Burnley and Wigan defender Steven Caldwell (Toronto FC) and ex-Aston Villa midfielder Nigel Reo-Coker (Vancouver Whitecaps). | Striker Robert Earnshaw scored on his Whitecaps debut with his first touch . The 33-year-old had been on the pitch for just three minutes before netting . Veteran Earnshaw's 90th minute strike won the game for his new MLS club . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | The baseball player who lost a staggering amount of weight has piled the pounds back on after discovering he plays worse as a slimmer man. The death of his cousin to heart disease inspired Carsten Charles Sabathia to lose a massive 17kg between October 2013 and March 2014. But the 34-year-old played poorly and many - including himself - believe his skinny figure could not support his towering six-foot, seven-inch frame. So after dropping down to a much healthier 122kg, the Major League baseballer has again ballooned to around 136kg. Before and after: New York Yankees' pitcher CC Sabathia lost 17kg for the 2014 season (left) but piled the pounds back on this year (pictured) The struggle: Sabathia (pictured this year) says the reason he played worse as a skinny man is because he felt 'off balance' Toning up: Sabathia (left) looked in the best shape of his life as he toned up for his wedding to Amber (pictured) in January last year . The New York Yankees pitcher looked in the best shape of his life during on his wedding day in January 2014. Famous for having a more rotund figure, the sportsman showed of his newly toned body in a suit he could not have dreamed of wearing a year before. He said: 'I feel like this is a good weight. I feel a little stronger. I feel my legs under me, being a lot stronger, and being able to push off the mound.' The six-time All-Star put on around 9kg while recovering from a knee injury, and 5kg more over the winter. During his 14-year-career, he has weighed as much as 142kg but the loss of his cousin in 2012 inspired Sabathia to battle his obesity for fear he would suffer the same fate. He said: 'I lost a bunch of weight drastically, pretty quick, two years ago. 'Kind of was off balance and didn't know really how my body was working. So just talking to Dr. Ahmad and to the trainers, I feel like this is a good weight.' Bigger man: The six-time All-Star (right) put on around 9kg while recovering from a knee injury, and 5kg more over the winter . Powerful: He said: 'I feel like this is a good weight. I feel a little stronger. I feel my legs under me, being a lot stronger, and being able to push off the mound' Even a talent spotter noticed the decline in his usually stellar performances when he was a slim pitcher. He told the Boston Globe: 'The weight loss has created a balance problem for him. He's all over the place. 'He's learning how to pitch in that body, a body he's really never had. I don't think there's anything wrong with him other than that. 'Sometimes you pitch at a certain weight all your life and then someone has the brilliant idea that you should lose weight because it's putting stress on your knees, you do it, and then you're dealing with something else.' | CC Sabathia lost staggering 17kg in just five months to improve his health . He was inspired by death of his cousin to heart disease in December 2012 . The New York Yankees pitcher put weight back on after bad performances . The 34-year-old player says he felt 'off balance' in his new, slimmer figure . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Serious injuries to Ben Foster and Fraser Forster have rocked the England squad and Roy Hodgson made no attempt to pretend otherwise. ‘We thought we had three top-class goalkeepers and now we only have one,’ said the England boss. It probably wasn’t what Rob Green and Jack Butland wanted to hear, but at least he was honest. ‘We were devastated,’ said Hodgson, when asked about Forster, who could be out for the rest of the year after surgery to mend a broken knee-cap. Joe Hart is England's only remaining 'world class' keeper after the injuries to Ben Foster and Fraser Forster . Rob Green (centre) returned to the England squad with Hart (left) and Jack Butland (right) Roy Hodgson said: 'We thought we had three top-class goalkeepers and now we only have one’ ‘I’ve been in touch but there’s not much you can do to cheer him up. It’s the same with Ben Foster, who will be out for the rest of the season and a good way into next. 'It is a good opportunity for every goalkeeper in the country to show me what they can do. In the past we thought people were hard to replace but others came along.’ Forster, 27, was hurt when he collided with Burnley's Sam Vokes while clearing the ball in Southampton's 2-0 win on Saturday. It's estimated he could be out of action for between nine months and a year. Roger East checks on Forster after the clash with Burnley's Sam Vokes that could put him out for a year . Southampton's in-form keeper Forster was carried off the pitch on a stretcher on Saturday . West Brom's Foster will be out for six months after surgery found he had damaged his anterior cruciate ligament. The injury in the Baggies' victory over Stoke was initially thought to be cartilage damage but an exploratory operation found it to be much worse. QPR's Green has been called up for the Euro 2016 qualifier against Lithuania on Friday and friendly against Italy on Tuesday, joining England Under 21's first-choice Jack Butland. England's No 1 Joe Hart, the remaining 'world class' keeper for Hodgson, admitted that the injuries to Foster and Forster hit the England camp hard but backs Green to step into the void. West Brom's Ben Foster was also forced out of the England squad with an anterior cruciate ligament injury . Foster will be out for a month with the knee injury that paves the way for Green to join the England squad . 'I was gutted for Ben and Fraser. It’s really, really sad news. It has rocked us all as a goalkeeping group and rocked all the lads in the squad because they are great guys and they are having a great season,' the Manchester City keeper said. 'But Greeny has come in and hopefully he can profit. He did brilliant in the Championship last year. I remember watching him in the play-off final, when he was man of the match for me. QPR are in a bad position but he has been fantastic this season. 'Greeny is rock solid. His mentality is great. And he is a very good goalkeeper who has been playing at the top level for a long time. There are no surprises.' | England's back-up keepers Ben Foster and Fraser Forster out long-term . Roy Hodgson said it leaves England with one world class keeper, Joe Hart . Southampton's Forster out for up to a year after breaking his knee cap . Foster suffered anterior cruciate ligament damage playing for West Brom . QPR's Rob Green joins Jack Butland in Hodgson's England squad . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)A salary dispute between North and South Korea has sent jitters through factory owners operating at an industrial complex that is supposed to be a symbol of cooperation for the divided Korean peninsula. The disagreement started in late February, when the North Korean government demanded an increase of around $8.60 a month for North Korean employees working in the Kaesong Industrial Complex. South Korea is working on a response to the demands, leaving factory owners worried about the threat of a factory shutdown. "I'm already nervous about the situation because of the traumatic experience in 2013 when the North closed down the complex," said Yoo Chang-geun, the South Korean head of an automobile parts manufacturer that employs 400 North Koreans in Kaesong. Yoo's company, SJ Tech, operates out of Kaesong, which is just north of the Demilitarized Zone in North Korean territory. He was referring to North Korea's monthslong closure of Kaesong in 2013, during a period of heightened tension on the peninsula. About 125 South Korean companies operate out of Kaesong, employing more than 50,000 North Korean workers. An official from the South Korean government's Unification Ministry, who according to policy spoke to CNN on condition of anonymity, says companies at Kaesong pay their North Korean workers an average of $155.50 a month. North Korea is demanding an increase of roughly 5.5%, to an equivalent $164.10 a month. The South Korean government argues that the salary hike is a breach of an existing agreement for the industrial park, which first opened in 2004. The official called the North's request a "one-sided demand." The official did not rule out the possibility that penalties could be imposed on South Korean companies if they individually agree to raise employee salaries. Manufacturers in Kaesong rely on the government in Seoul to represent them in negotiations with Pyongyang. "It feels like we're entering a very difficult phase where innocent corporations are being beaten up by political fights between the North and South," Kim Seo-Jin, the director of Corporate Association of the Kaesong Industrial Complex, said Wednesday. Experts say this isn't the first time the North and South have butted heads over employee salaries in Kaesong. The industrial park was established as a symbol of cooperation at a time when a previous government in South Korea was pursuing a "Sunshine Policy" of friendship with its northern rival. South Korean companies benefited from the extremely low cost of North Korean labor. Meanwhile, North Korea gained a valuable stream of hard currency revenue by appropriating an undisclosed amount of salary from its citizens working in Kaesong. South Korean employers also made a practice of giving small food bonuses to some hungry employees. For a time, this came in the form of "Choco Pies," a packaged South Korean dessert. The snacks reportedly became highly-prized items on the black market in the communist North's rigidly controlled economy. Eventually, employers transitioned to giving workers instant noodles, as one former Kaesong factory owner told CNN in 2014, "in order to provide a more substantial snack." "The whole project is built with an understanding that North Korean wages should and will continue to rise," says John Delury, associate professor at Yonsei University's graduate school of international studies in Seoul. But one factory owner said the communist regime's most recent approach to the salaries is problematic. "The amount of the pay raise demanded this time is small," said SJ Tech's Yoo Chang-geun. "But having this kind of precedent may lead to losing control of the operation in the complex." Experts say Seoul and Pyongyang's approach to the Kaesong salary dispute will serve as an important barometer for the direction of future relations between the rival governments. "Kaesong is the last living legacy of the Sunshine Policy," says professor Delury of Yeonsei University. "If something like wage disputes lead to the shutdown or freezing of Kaesong, that would be a major blow." | The disagreement started in late February . North Korea demanded a pay increase; South Korea's working on a response . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Real Madrid striker Karim Benzema has boldly stated he can win the Ballon d'Or award during his career. The France international is confident his club success at the Bernabeu can force his way into contention for the prestigious award. However Benzema's Los Blancos team-mate Cristiano Ronaldo has picked up the last two accolades for the world's best footballer whereas Barcelona talisman Lionel Messi prevailed between 2009-12. French and Real Madrid forward Karim Benzema believes he can win the Ballon d'Or award in his career . Despite the duo's dominance, Benzema is adamant he can compete for the title if he continues to perform for Real Madrid and at international level. 'If I keep winning titles then I can win this award in future,' he told Le Parisien. 'We have Cristiano Ronaldo and Messi, the two best players. We know I won't reach 80 or 100 goals in a season. They can do that. Benzema toiled in Paris as Brazil defeated France 3-1 in a friendly at the Stade de Frances on Thursday . Benzema's Real Madrid team-mate Cristiano Ronaldo has won the past two Ballon d'Or awards . 'After that, there are a lot of players who are worth it. They can put me in the top 5, but I don't know.' Benzema fired a warning to his team-mates ahead of a titanic clash with Paris Saint-Germain in the Champions League quarter-finals. 'PSG are a great team, that's all,' he said. 'It will be more difficult than usual for Barca because Paris Saint-Germain are known to have increased their standing in the Champions League. PSG have every chance of going through.' The Frenchman, in action against Brazil on Thursday, has scored 20 goals for Real Madrid this season . Benzema failed to make an impact during the damaging 2-1 El Clasico defeat at Barcelona last weekend . | Club team-mate Cristiano Ronaldo has won the last two Ballon d'Or awards . Barcelona star Lionel Messi won the prestigious award from 2009-12 . Benzema has warned Real Madrid of PSG's threat in Champions League . |
Which of the following films came out after 1948? | La buenaventura (1934)
Grand Canary (1934)
Tripping Through the Tropics (1934)
Tres Amores (1934)
El cantante de Napoles (1935)
Julieta Buys a Son (1935)
Rosa de Francia (1935)
El crimen de media noche (1936)
El capitan Tormenta (1936)
Song of the Gringo (1936)
Fiesta (1941)
The Face of Marble (1946)
Gilda (1946)
Two Years Before the Mast (1946)
Secret Beyond the Door... (1947)
Secret of the Incas (1954)
The Rose Tattoo (1955)
The Bottom of the Bottle (1956)
Lawman (1959 episode "The Outsider") as Mrs. Lebeau | Secret of the Incas
The Rose Tattoo
The Bottom of the Bottle
Lawman |
When was Mahatma Gandhi born? | Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (/ˈɡɑːndi, ˈɡændi/ GA(H)N-dee, Gujarati: [ˈmoɦəndɑs ˈkəɾəmtʃənd ˈɡɑ̃dʱi]; 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist and political ethicist. Employing nonviolent resistance, he led the successful campaign for India's independence from British rule. He inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. The honorific Mahātmā (Sanskrit: "great-souled", "venerable"), first applied to him in 1914 in South Africa, is now used throughout the world. | Mahatma Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869 |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Liverpool manager Brendan Rodgers is confident fatigue will not hamper their bid for a top-four place despite an arduous season so far. European commitments and a run to the semi-final of the Capital One Cup, in addition to their continued involvement in the FA Cup, means the Reds have played 46 matches this season. That is already three more than in the whole of the previous campaign, which saw them fall agonisingly short of winning the Premier League. Liverpool manager Brendan Rodgers (right) in talks with Emre Can during training . Rodgers shares a laugh with Ivory Coast defender Kolo Toure (left) during the session . Martin Skrtel works on his fitness and conditioning with Liverpool coach Ryland Morgans (left) Liverpool pair Lazar Markovic (left) and Dejan Lovren strike a pose during the training esssion . Such a toll manifested itself in a sluggish performance last weekend in a goalless FA Cup quarter-final at home to Blackburn - their third match in six days including an early-morning return from Turkey. However, with an eight-day break, during which the players were given some much-needed time off, Rodgers believes they will be firing on all cylinders on his return to former club Swansea on Monday. 'Our last performance against Blackburn was at the end of a real tough period of games,' said the manager. 'I've seen all the numbers and all the statistics on it and, physically, it was the lowest we have been for this season. Now we're re-energised and refreshed mentally and physically. 'We go into a run of games now, starting with Swansea, and we feel we can go in and push on in terms of our level of performance again. We know it will be tough. 'It's that period of the season where you taper your training. You don't need to be as long in your training and preparation as the players have got a real good level of fitness, so it's more explosive and more intensive, but in shorter blocks. 'The players have been brilliant this week. They're looking really sharp, looking really confident and we just want to continue with our sequence of performances and good results.' Liverpool captain Steven Gerrard is back in contention for the trip to Swansea after an injury layoff . Slovakian central defender Skrtel jumps to power a header in during the session at Melwood . Vice captain Jordan Henderson in action alongside Skrtel (right) during a training drill . Captain Gerrard trains ahead of team-mates Joe Allen (left) and right back Glen Johnson (centre) Liverpool are the form team of 2015, having not lost in the league since mid-December, when they were 10th and seven points off fourth, in a run which has seen them take 30 points from a possible 36. They are now only seven points off second place but Rodgers knows with Manchester United - whom they play next weekend - to catch and Tottenham and Southampton chasing them there is still plenty of work to do. 'I think it's going to be very tight, of course,' he said. 'We've rejoined the race for that in the last three months and everything counts in the games. 'We just need to ensure we continue to be aggressive in our game and give everything that we have between now and the end of the season. Liverpool midfielder Adam Lallana (left) vies for possession with left back Jose Enrique . Liverpool striker Rickie Lambert strikes one on the volley with his left foot during training . Reds Belgian goalkeeper Simon Mignolet gets down low to his right to stop the ball with his hand . Liverpool left back Alberto Moreno all smiles during Saturday's session at Melwood . 'The points total is all very close and very tight but we just have to continue playing and working as hard as we have done. 'If you're a team that wants to do well, you have to be able to have that character, resolve and mentality to win away from home. 'We've got great counter-attack speed when the space does open up and we've got technically-gifted players who can play in the spaces. We're in a good moment, but we respect it'll be a very difficult game at Swansea.' | Brendan Rodgers confident of avoiding fatigue in Premier League run-in . Liverpool battling for a place in the top four after an arduous season . They have already played more games than in the entirety of last season . Travel to Liberty Stadium to face Swansea in Premier League on Monday . |
How long did the Roman Empire last | In modern historiography, Ancient Rome refers to Roman civilisation from the founding of the Italian city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdom (753–509 BC), Roman Republic (509–27 BC) and Roman Empire (27 BC–476 AD) until the fall of the western empire. | 1229 years |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)Eight American aid workers who were exposed to Ebola in Sierra Leone have been flown back to the United States where health authorities will watch them closely for signs of the disease, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Three more exposed workers are due to arrive back in the United States on Monday. The returning workers are clinicians for Partners in Health, a Boston-based aid group. None of them is showing symptoms of Ebola, but all had contact with a colleague who's been diagnosed with the disease and is being treated at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland. While in West Africa, the workers "came to the aid of their ailing colleague," according to a Partners in Health statement. As the CDC investigates who else might have had contact with the Ebola patient, more workers might be flown back to the United States, according to Tom Skinner, a spokesman for the CDC. The workers are being housed near hospitals that specialize in treating Ebola patients, and if they show signs of the disease, they'll be admitted as patients. Nurse who contracted Ebola sues hospital company . Four of the clinicians arrived Saturday to housing on the campus of the University of Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha, according to spokesman Taylor Wilson. The workers have voluntarily agreed not to leave their housing. "They will be monitored so they'll stay there," Wilson said. Another aid worker was flown to Atlanta over the weekend and is being housed near Emory University Hospital, and three more workers are scheduled to arrive in Atlanta on Monday, according to Nancy Nydam, spokeswoman for the Georgia Department of Public Health. As in Nebraska, the workers in Georgia must stay in their housing for 21 days after the date of their exposure to Ebola. "Twice a day, we'll have visual monitoring either face to face or we'll Skype with them, or do FaceTime," Nydam said. "And if it's Skype or FaceTIme, they'll have to be in a place where we can clearly identify that they are where they're supposed to be." Three more exposed workers arrived Saturday at the National Institute of Health in Maryland. These workers "will remain restricted from public places" and have "limited movement, including no mass transportation," according to a statement from Christopher Garrett, a spokesman for the Maryland Department of Health. The heath care worker with Ebola was in serious condition Friday, the NIH said. Details about the patient's identity weren't released. The patient is the second with Ebola admitted to the NIH hospital. Nina Pham, a nurse at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, was admitted to NIH in October after she contracted the disease while treating Liberian national Thomas Eric Duncan. Pham recovered and was released free of disease. Duncan died. Emory, the NIH and Nebraska are three of only four hospitals in the United States that have biocontainment units to deal with a highly infectious disease such as Ebola. More than 10,000 people have died in a West African epidemic of Ebola that dates back to December 2013, according to the World Health Organization. Almost all of the deaths have been in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. Ebola is spread by direct contact with the bodily fluids of an infected person. CNN's Carma Hassan, Joe Sutton and Eliott C. McLaughlin contributed to this report. | Eight have already returned and three more are due Monday . The returning workers are clinicians for Partners in Health, a Boston-based aid group . None of them is showing symptoms so far . |
Can you extract the 5 most important characteristics of the moon from this literature in a single paragraph? | The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It is the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System and the largest and most massive relative to its parent planet, with a diameter about one-quarter that of Earth (comparable to the width of Australia). The Moon is a planetary-mass object with a differentiated rocky body, making it a satellite planet under the geophysical definitions of the term and larger than all known dwarf planets of the Solar System.It lacks any significant atmosphere, hydrosphere, or magnetic field. Its surface gravity is about one-sixth of Earth's at 0.1654 g, with Jupiter's moon Io being the only satellite in the Solar System known to have a higher surface gravity and density.
The Moon orbits Earth at an average distance of 384,400 km (238,900 mi), or about 30 times Earth's diameter. Its gravitational influence is the main driver of Earth's tides and very slowly lengthens Earth's day. The Moon's orbit around Earth has a sidereal period of 27.3 days. During each synodic period of 29.5 days, the amount of visible surface illuminated by the Sun varies from none up to 100%, resulting in lunar phases that form the basis for the months of a lunar calendar. The Moon is tidally locked to Earth, which means that the length of a full rotation of the Moon on its own axis causes its same side (the near side) to always face Earth, and the somewhat longer lunar day is the same as the synodic period. However, 59% of the total lunar surface can be seen from Earth through cyclical shifts in perspective known as libration.
The most widely accepted origin explanation posits that the Moon formed 4.51 billion years ago, not long after Earth, out of the debris from a giant impact between the planet and a hypothesized Mars-sized body called Theia. It then receded to a wider orbit because of tidal interaction with the Earth. The near side of the Moon is marked by dark volcanic maria ("seas"), which fill the spaces between bright ancient crustal highlands and prominent impact craters. Most of the large impact basins and mare surfaces were in place by the end of the Imbrian period, some three billion years ago. The lunar surface is fairly non-reflective, with the reflectance of lunar soil being comparable to that of asphalt. However, due to its large angular diameter, the full moon is the brightest celestial object in the night sky. The Moon's apparent size is nearly the same as that of the Sun, allowing it to cover the Sun almost completely during a total solar eclipse.
Both the Moon's prominence in Earth's sky and its regular cycle of phases have provided cultural references and influences for human societies throughout history. Such influences can be found in language, calendar systems, art, and mythology. The first artificial object to reach the Moon was the Soviet Union's uncrewed Luna 2 spacecraft in 1959; this was followed by the first successful soft landing by Luna 9 in 1966. The only human lunar missions to date have been those of the United States' Apollo program, which landed twelve men on the surface between 1969 and 1972. These and later uncrewed missions returned lunar rocks that have been used to develop a detailed geological understanding of the Moon's origins, internal structure, and subsequent history. The Moon is the only celestial body visited by humans. | The moon is the unique earth satellite, approximately a fourth of earth's size, 4.51 years old, only celestial body visited by humans, and orbit around earth in 27.3 days. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Diego Forlan has called time on a highly successful international career with Uruguay, a decision that the striker says has left him in a state of 'mourning'. Forlan won 112 caps for his country, scoring 36 goals - a total bettered only by Barcelona forward Luis Suarez. He represented his country at three World Cups and was awarded the Golden Ball at the 2010 tournament in South Africa. VIDEO Scroll down to see Diego Forlan score a thumping 30-yard free kick . Uruguay's Diego Forlan (left) tussles for the ball with Ireland's Keith Fahey during a friendly match in 2011 . Forlan won the Golden Ball Award for his performances at the World Cup in South Africa back in 2010 . Forlan's tally of 36 goals for Uruguay is bettered only by Barcelona forward Luis Suarez who has 43 . The 35-year-old, who now plays his club football with Japanese outfit Cerezo Osaka, told The National: 'The national team has been a big part of my life for a long time and I'll miss it. 'I feel like I'm in mourning at the moment, but I've had time to prepare for this decision. It wasn't something I decided overnight and I could see that things were changing after the World Cup in Brazil, with fresh blood brought in.' But the forward insists that he will remain a passionate supporter of his country. 'I'll love watching Uruguay on television and I'm still playing club football. I love this game, I'm still in fine shape and I've just started a new season in Japan.' Prior to joining Cerezo Osaka, Forlan's club career had seen him play for some of Europe's top teams, including Manchester United, Inter Milan and Atletico Madrid. Forlan scores a goal past Liverpool goalkeeper Pepe Reina while playing for Atletico Madrid in 2010 . Forlan has a shot at goal while playing for Manchester United in the Champions League back in 2002 . | Diego Forlan has called time on his 12-year Uruguay career . The striker won 112 caps and scored 36 goals since his debut in 2002 . He says he wants to allow younger players to progress to the senior side . Forlan is now playing club football with Cerezo Osaka in Japan . His previous clubs include Manchester United and Atletico Madrid . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | When it comes to leaders on the pitch Ireland coach Joe Schmidt knows he is blessed. Leading out the Grand Slam chasers against Wales in the Six Nations in Cardiff on Saturday will be talisman Paul O'Connell, the giant lock who will be earning his 100th international cap. O'Connell has captained Ireland in all but two of the 16 tests since Schmidt took charge but his style of leadership means other players are given their head when it comes to making decisions in the heat of battle. Ireland fly half Jonathan Sexton has been in superb form for his country this season . Ireland captain Paul O'Connell is set to win his 100th cap against Wales in Cardiff . Sexton works on his ball skills as head coach Joe Schmidt (right) watches on at the Millenium Stadium . 'One of the other things is that Paul doesn't assume every leadership responsibility, he delegates and he encourages and so that is one of the fantastic things for the coaches as well,' Schmidt told the Irish Times. 'It means Jamie (Heaslip) has a definite role. He has some particular things that he leads on, that Johnny Sexton does, that Rob Kearney does, Peter O'Mahony, we have got a number of provincial leaders, Rory Best, who step up and take different roles of leadership. 'So I think of the best things about Paul is that he doesn't try to carry the whole weight of leadership on his own shoulders.' O'Connell will pack down with Leinster lock Devin Toner in the engine room the Irish pack . 'He is incredibly driven to improve his own performance and thereby leads others in doing that.' Fly-half Sexton, who will win his 50th cap against Wales, said O'Connell's very presence, both on and off the field, is an inspiration. 'He's an outstanding leader,' Sexton said. 'When he speaks to the squad during the week the hairs on the back of your neck stand up. 'He know how important his words are.' Sexton's predecessor and long-time team mate of O'Connell, Ronan O'Gara added: 'Paul is very, very special in terms of the ability to deliver the right message at the right time.' That quality will be especially handy in the red-hot cauldron of the Millennium Stadium where Wales, after their opening loss to England, have put themselves back in contention for the title. Victory would leave the grand slam tantalisingly close with an away match against struggling Scotland to finish. 'It's a massive game for a whole lot of reasons. An opportunity to do what no Irish team has ever done in the history of the game,' Schmidt said. | Ireland will clash with Wales at the Millenium Stadium on Friday . Joe Schmidts side are unbeaten after three rounds of action . Paul O'Connell is set to win his 100th cap against Warren Gatland's side . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Women struggling to lose weight after childbirth should be given special government help, a Tory minister has said. Claire Perry said many women found it a real struggle to shift the pounds while raising small children and needed incentives to ‘motivate’ them. But she rejected calls for sanctions on people who are overweight. Her remarks come just weeks after the Prime Minister called for people who are too fat to work to be stripped of their benefits if they refuse to go on weight-loss regimes. Scroll down for video . Tory minister Claire Perry said many women found it a real struggle to shift the pounds while raising small children . However, Mrs Perry said she ‘preferred to see incentives’ rather than taking people’s benefits away. She said: ‘If it was all about willpower I would weigh eight stone. We live in a world where dietary advice is incredibly confusing, every week we read it’s carbs, it’s not carbs, it’s fat, it’s starvation – whatever it is. ‘People are busy, running around looking after their children. Everybody would like to be slimmer and healthier. What our welfare system could do is encourage people to make those choices.’ Mrs Perry added: ‘I’d prefer to see real incentives for people to get healthy, get more active. We know that increased exercise is associated with increased mental health. ‘I think for many women who are struggling having to lose weight after children it is a real problem and anything we can do to motivate people and give incentives to do. I prefer to focus on carrots for healthy choice rather than sticks.’ The transport minister’s intervention comes after Mr Cameron said people who cannot work because they are too fat – or addicted to drugs or alcohol – should have their benefits cut if they refuse to get treatment. Mrs Perry, appearing on the Daily Politics show today, said she ‘preferred to see incentives’ to encourage people to lose weight rather than taking people’s benefits away . Almost 2,000 people are registered as long-term sick because of obesity. Ministers are considering forcing them to go on a diet or lose their benefits . The proposed overhaul of the benefits system could save Britain £500million a year in sickness payments. The Prime Minister has asked a government health adviser to ‘rapidly’ review the Conservatives’ plans. Speaking last month, he said: ‘Too many people are stuck on sickness benefits because of issues that could be addressed but instead are not.’ Under one plan being looked at, almost 2,000 people registered as long-term sick because of obesity would face having their benefits docked unless they agreed to lose weight. Around 56,000 people on the register say their primary condition is alcoholism. Almost 34,000 cite drug dependency. On average these 90,000 people get about £100 a week in sickness benefits and are entitled to other payments, such as housing and council tax benefits. They are already offered treatment, such as courses and medication, to kick their habit and get back to work. But there is no legal requirement to accept the help. Mr Cameron’s plan has been attacked by senior Tories. Sarah Wollaston, the chair of the influential Commons Health Committee, said she was 'infuriated' by the 'illegal and unworkable' proposal, announced last month. | Claire Perry said many women found it a real struggle to shift the pounds . The Tory minister rejected calls to cut benefits for people too fat to work . Comes after the PM said obese people should be forced onto diets . But Mrs Perry said: 'If it was all about willpower I would weigh eight stone' She added: 'Many women are struggling to lose weight after children' |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Burglars have broken into the office of one of Michael Schumacher's top doctors, raising fears they have stolen medical data that reveals the true extent of his condition. A laptop was among the items stolen in the break-in at the surgery of Dr Johannes Peil, 60, who has been one of the F1 star's physicians for many years. Mr Peil is also part of the 15-strong team of medics currently caring for Schumacher, 46, at his home on lake Geneva following his catastrophic ski accident in the Swiss Alps in 2013. Scroll down for video . Fears for his privacy: Burglars have targeted the offices of Michael Schumacher's top doctor Johannes Peil (left), raising concerns they have taken medical data that reveals the true extent of the star's injuries . The clinic in Bad Nauheim in Germany was broken into between Saturday afternoon and Monday morning through an open cellar door. Dr Peil's other prominent patients include Nico Rosberg and Tibetan spiritual leader The Dalai Lama. Money, some perfume and prescription forms were also stolen. Last year, a helicopter rescue worker who treated Schumacher hanged himself in a Zurich jail cell after being arrested for stealing details of his condition which he tried to sell to news organisations. Schumacher spent months in a coma following the accident before being transferred to a rehab clinic in Lausanne, Switzerland. He was then moved to a medical suite built into his mansion in September. Road to recovery: Schumacher (pictured with wife Corinna in 2004) was holidaying with family and friends in Meribel, France when the accident happened in December 2013 . Since then, a news blackout has fallen over his condition, but insiders report he remains mute and unable to move. Last month, it was revealed that Schumacher had sold his Norwegian mountain holiday home for £2million as he continues to recover from his horrific ski injuries. The sale of the retreat, in Trysil, north of Oslo, comes after it emerged last year that his family was planning to build a £10million 'hospital' room for the star at their home in Switzerland. Schumacher, a very competent skier, was holidaying with family and friends in Meribel, France, where he owns a chalet when the accident happened in December 2013. He was skiing with his 14-year-old son on a red piste, which is classed for intermediate skiers. But shortly after 11am, he left the piste and skied on to an off-piste area located in between the red run and a blue run, for beginners to intermediates. Liquidating his assets: Michael Schumacher's family has sold his Norwegian mountain holiday home (pictured) for £2million as he continues to recover from his horrific ski injuries . It was here that he struck a partially-covered rock. He was not skiing fast but he lost control and catapulted 34 feet on to another rock. He smashed his head on the bolder. The force of the collision shattered his helmet. The footage recorded on a camera attached to his helmet was undamaged. The film, which included audio, captured the crash in full horror and was analysed by police who investigated the accident. Two months later, on February 17, the head of the inquiry, Prosecutor Patrick Quincy, closed the case. He announced that any criminal wrongdoing had been ruled out. He cleared the ski resort, stating that the piste had been marked correctly and that Schumacher 'deliberately' left the ski run. At the end of January it was announced that doctors had begun the process of gradually awakening him from his coma. Since September last year he has been looked after by medical experts at his home in Gland, Switzerland. | Laptop among items taken in raid on surgery in Bad Nauheim in Germany . Dr Johannes Peil is among team of doctors caring for F1 star at his home . Rescuer hanged himself after being accused of stealing his medical data . News blackout over star's injuries, but said to be mute and unable to move . |
Given this paragraph, what are some examples of long short-term memory (LSTM) use cases? | Long short-term memory (LSTM) is an artificial neural network used in the fields of artificial intelligence and deep learning. Unlike standard feedforward neural networks, LSTM has feedback connections. Such a recurrent neural network (RNN) can process not only single data points (such as images), but also entire sequences of data (such as speech or video). This characteristic makes LSTM networks ideal for processing and predicting data. For example, LSTM is applicable to tasks such as unsegmented, connected handwriting recognition, speech recognition, machine translation, speech activity detection, robot control, video games, and healthcare. | Long short-term memory is used for handwriting recognition, speech recognition, machine translation, speech activity detection, robot control, video games and healthcare. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | London (CNN)Britain needs more women as spies -- and it could do worse than look to recruit them on popular parenting website Mumsnet. That's according to a report released Thursday by Parliament's Intelligence and Security Committee. The report recommends targeting women, including mothers and those who are middle-aged or mid-career, to help break through "the permafrost" of men in middle management "who have a very traditional male mentality and outlook." The idea that a new cohort of British spies could be signed up via Mumsnet, more usually associated with debates on pregnancy, childcare and homemaking, may surprise some. But lawmaker Hazel Blears, a committee member, said recruiting more women to the three intelligence and security agencies the committee oversees is a crucial way to change the intelligence agencies' sometimes hidebound culture. The current setup fosters "a management culture which rewards those who speak the loudest or are aggressive in pursuing their career and does not fully recognise the value of a more consultative, collaborative approach," she said. But women's life experience and other qualities should not be overlooked, she said. In a sign of the changing times, the latest film iteration of British spy James Bond has had a female boss -- "M," played by Judi Dench. But while women currently make up about 37% of the employees across the UK intelligence agencies, according to the Intelligence and Security Committee report, they make up fewer than one-fifth of those in senior roles. The recruiting idea has met with some amusement in the Mumsnet community. "If they need someone whose special skill is getting melted chocolate down her dog-haired jumper and not noticing, I'm their woman," posts one Mumsnet user. "I would LOVE to be a spy. Like actually LOVE it. And no one would suspect me. I am too boring and frumpy," writes another. A third, more skeptical, comments: "Yes, people who can't help but type their every passing thought into an online forum would make great spies." Besides using women-focused outlets like Mumsnet to reach a new pool of talent, the committee recommends certain steps to make working for MI5, MI6 and Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) more tempting for women. These include offering better career management, encouraging women to set up their own informal support networks and not limiting their options if they have children. "Women who have successfully been filling operational roles mustn't be sidelined after they have children. They still have the first class skills that the Agencies helped them to build, so these should be used," Blears said. Former U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright -- who similarly looked into the position of women in the CIA -- backed the UK report and what it said about the value of women in the intelligence agencies. "Diversity should be pursued -- not just on legal or ethical grounds, important as these are in their own right -- but because it will result in a better response to the range of threats that threaten national security," she said. | More women are needed to change the culture of Britain's intelligence agencies, report says . Mumsnet, an online parenting forum, could be used to reach a new pool of talent, it suggests . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Curiosity - or greediness - almost got the better of this brazen cat. Denis Ovcharenko from Russia filmed his kitten Marquise jumping up on a desk in a bid to get his paws on a couple of ice cream sandwiches. Footage shows the feline mischievously tiptoeing backwards as he hauls away one of the frozen treats to demolish. But as he retreats, he fails to realize he's reached the desk's edge. Suddenly his back feet go and then his entire body disappears from view as he tumbles to the ground. The ice cream sandwich is left upturned on the wooden counter top with a small bite missing. Marquise's owner can be heard laughing as he watches the scene unfold. But never fear; it appears that the Himalayan cat lived to tell the tail. A video uploaded to YouTube after the ice cream sandwich incident shows the pet seemingly dancing on his back legs to a power ballad. Up to no good: Denis Ovcharenko from Russia filmed his kitten Marquise jumping up on a desk in a bid to get his paws on a couple of ice cream sandwiches . Greedy: The cat is seen mischievously tiptoeing backwards as he hauls away one of the frozen treats . Faux pas: But as he retreats, Marquise fails to realize he's reached the desk's edge . Going, going, gone: Suddenly his back feet go and then his entire body disappears from view as he tumbles to the ground . Set to melt: The ice cream sandwich is left upturned on the wooden counter top with a small bite missing . Comedic timing: Marquise's owner can be heard laughing as he watches the scene unfold . | Denis Ovcharenko from Russia filmed his kitten Marquise up to mischief . It appears that the Himalayan cat lived to tell the tail . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Andy Carroll has taken another step towards his recovery from a serious knee injury after coming through a spin and gym session, although the West Ham striker remains sidelined for the rest of the season. The Hammers' record signing has not played since injuring his knee against Southampton in February and shocked followers of his Instagram account with gory post-operation pictures of his leg held together by staples. However, after being pictured earlier this month wearing an intimidating knee brace, the England international proudly posted an Instagram picture after completing a rehabilitation session. Andy Carroll gives a thumbs up after completing a spin and gym session as he continues his recovery . The West Ham striker had previously posted a picture of his stapled leg following surgery on his knee . Carroll's partner Billi Mucklow posted a picture of the Hammers ace wearing a leg brace earlier this month . Earlier this month, Carroll also took to social media to reveal the staples have been removed from his leg - accompanied by the caption: 'One step closer'. The 26-year-old has been plagued by injuries throughout his career but West Ham hope he can recover from his latest turn on the treatment table to be ready for pre-season training. Despite an impressive start to the season, Sam Allardyce's side have fallen away since Christmas - drawing five and losing six of their 13 Premier League games to leave them ninth in the table. The 26-year-old has struggled with injuries at Upton Park but hopes to be ready for pre-season . West Ham players celebrate Diafra Sakho's goal en route to victory over Sunderland at the weekend . Meanwhile, Mark Noble is refusing to give up on his dream of breaking into the England squad ahead of the European Championship finals despite being overlooked once again by Roy Hodgson. Noble said: ‘I have made it clear what I think about the situation and I would love to play for my country. But obviously at the moment it doesn't look like it is going to happen. ‘I will keep playing as well as I can at West Ham and enjoying it every week. You never know what will happen in the future. | Andy Carroll has not played since injuring his knee in February . West Ham striker has been ruled out for the rest of the season following surgery but hopes to return by pre-season . England international has struggled with injuries since his £15m move . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Leon McKenzie, the Premier League striker turned delivery driver, added another chapter to his remarkable story as he won his first title as a professional boxer by claiming the international masters belt at the iconic York Hall. It was 10 years ago next month that McKenzie scored for Norwich in a famous 2-0 win over Manchester United at Carrow Road. It has been a decade of ups and downs since for 'Big McK', who endured crippling depression which culminated in a suicide attempt in a Bexleyheath hotel room. But, in boxing, the former Premier League star has found redemption and has been building to this moment since turning professional in June 2013. And, after making a living from taking his chances on the pitch, McKenzie did not let this one pass. Leon McKenzie poses after winning his first title as a professional boxer by at the iconic York Hall . McKenzie won his first title as a professional boxer by claiming the international masters belt . The soon-to-be 37-year-old dominated Croatian fighter Ivan Stupalo during Saturday night's victory . The 36-year- dominated the 10-round super-middleweight contest against Croatian Ivan Stupalo, winning ever round on referee Marcus McDonnell's card, to claim the strap which makes him the mandatory for the southern area title. He said: 'Look at how far I've come. If you look where I was five years ago, I'm lucky to even be here. I want to thank my team, this is a journey not just about me but about so many other people. I want to thank God – this is my second chance, my second career. 'It was my first 10 rounder and I enjoyed it in there. I had to be cautious, I had to move around and use my jab. I stuck to the game plan and now I've got this belt and the journey continues. I'm 37 in May – how many 37-year-olds do you know who could do that?' Former footballer McKenzie celebrates his win with his family at the Iconic York Hall on Saturday night . Boxing talent McKenzie has made the venue is home having fought all but one of his fights there . Boxing talent is very much in the blood for McKenzie. His father Clinton, his trainer and cornerman here at York Hall, is a former British and European light-welterweight champion. His uncle Duke, meanwhile, remains Britain's only modern three-weight world champion. In fact his father made his professional debut in this very ring in Bethnal Green in October 1976. Then, in 1981, Clinton won his British title here too. It was also a happy hunting ground for uncle Duke, who won both of his fights in this famous corner of the East End. Now Croydon-born McKenzie has made this his home with all but one of his previous fights happening here while his opponent was beaten on his only other outing here, when he challenged Andreas Evangelou for the vacant international masters light-heavyweight title. Mckenzie wins his first title in the ring at York Hall and gives his mum a hug as his Dad Clinton looks on . Stupalo, of Split, has since dropped down seven pounds to the super-middleweight division and represented a real step up in class for McKenzie, who, for the first time, was facing an opponent with a winning record. But operating from behind his stiff southpaw jab, McKenzie dominated a cagey first round and occasionally found a home for his straight left to body. He maintained a composed pace in the second, evading Stupalo's rare forward forays. McKenzie forced the Croatian on to the ropes and ran out with a deserved 100-90 points victory . In the fifth, McKenzie began to let his hands go and opened up a cut on his opponent's head with intelligent use of his backhand. It was not until the seventh road that Stupalo got through, but McKenzie just flashed a grin and got back to his business. By the eighth the man from Croatia was spending a lot of time on the ropes but McKenzie was unable to find a finishing blow and instead ran out with a deserved 100-90 points victory. The fight was part of a Goodwin Boxing Promotion shown live and exclusive on Matchroom Fight Pass. | Leon McKenzie claimed his first title as a professional boxer on Saturday . McKenzie beat Ivan Stupalo to win international masters belt at York Hall . The 36-year-old dominated the 10-round super-middleweight contest . It is 10 years ago next month since he scored against Manchester United . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | UEFA has moved to increase the financial rewards from playing in the Europa League by announcing prize money for the tournament will increase by 65 per cent. An increase in television money for UEFA will also see prize money for the Champions League go up but the disparity with the Europa League will not be so great from 2015-18. At the moment, clubs in the Champions League earn an average of four and half times as much as those playing in the Europa League, but in the future UEFA will fix the ratio at 3.3 to one. Solidarity payments to those clubs who fail to qualify for the group stages will also rise significantly. Real Madrid's financial reward for retaining the Champions League would be even bigger than last year . Chelsea's Champions League exit at the hands of PSG has cost them a share of more lucrative prize money . The prize money for the winner of the Champions League final will rise from 10.5m euros (£7.6m) to 15million euros (£10.9m), and the winner of the competition could earn a maximum of 54.5m euros (£39.6m) in prize money plus TV cash from their share of the market pool. The move comes following a new agreement with the European Clubs' Association (ECA), which is also to have two representatives co-opted onto UEFA's executive committee - one of whom is expected to be ECA president Karl-Heinz Rummenigge. Sevilla won the Europa League last season, and Europe's second-tier club competition is getting a cash boost . The likes of Tottenham will benefit from the extra Europa League cash, if they do not finish in the top four . UEFA general secretary Gianni Infantino said: 'UEFA is really pleased that the new distribution system not only provides for a substantial rise in monies received by clubs participating in the UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League, but also strengthens UEFA's solidarity principle, namely ensuring an even more substantial increase in solidarity payments to clubs. 'In this way, the new system provides a better deal for everyone, especially those clubs which did not qualify to the group stage of either of the two UEFA club competitions. 'This is a perfect example of the proper implementation of the solidarity principle which forms an essential part of UEFA's key values.' | Europa League prize money to increase by 65 per cent . Disparity with Champions League rewards to be slashed . But Champions League prize money increases too . Champions League final winner will net £10.9m next season . Club could also earn £39.6m in total prize money, plus TV cash . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)Notwithstanding the polls, the valiant efforts of the Obama White House, a new unity on the Israeli left and a controversial term, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's Likud party appears to have swept to victory in Tuesday's Israeli elections. For many in Israel, the election turned on domestic economic issues and on personality. Pollsters had believed that the combination of rising prices, slowing growth and a controversial leader at the helm of the incumbent Likud would finally doom the man who was looking to notch a historic fourth term as premier on his belt. Not so much. While it will likely take some time for Netanyahu to form a new government, the reverberations of his victory will be felt fast in Washington. U.S. President Barack Obama has made no secret of his antipathy toward Netanyahu, and many believe that Obama has allowed disagreements over policy to spill over into personal animosity. And while the White House allowed it would work with whoever won the Israeli elections, it seems clear whom the President would have voted for had he been allowed to cast a ballot. So what will Obama do on the issues that have increasingly divided Israel and the United States? Some believe the President will be all the more constrained in his negotiations with Iran, especially now that Israel has doubled down on the man who took to a joint meeting of Congress to publicly excoriate Obama's hoped-for deal with the Islamic Republic over its nuclear weapons program. But the stronger likelihood is that the Likud victory will spur the administration to even more concessions to ensure a deal between Tehran and Washington. This is, after all, an administration that has written off the concerns of all of Iran's neighbors (and America's allies in the region) over a weak agreement that would likely do little more than pave the way toward a nuclear weapons capability for the ayatollahs. The reality is that where Obama might have been inclined to listen to the Israeli left (which differed little with the Likud over Iran), he will find it easy to dismiss the clamoring of the Israeli right, never mind that it represents the will of the people of Israel. Then there are the negotiations with the Palestinians. Obama has never appeared personally interested in the peace process, though his administration has made repeated attempts to bring both sides to the table. But now Washington will be in an even tougher place. Palestinian leader Mahmoud Abbas has all but abandoned the notion of bilateral negotiations toward Palestinian statehood, and has brought his case instead to the international community. He has promised he will continue to pursue recognition country by country, and through the United Nations, while at the same time seeking to prosecute Israel for "war crimes" through the International Criminal Court. In the waning days of the election, Netanyahu made Abbas' job all the easier by reversing his earlier commitment to a Palestinian state, suggesting there would never be one on his watch. The Palestinians returned the favor, announcing that they would redouble their efforts at the ICC. This all puts Obama in a sticky spot. It will be tempting to just let the Palestinians have at Netanyahu, and the President will likely want to do just that. But what about the broader implications of allowing the International Criminal Court to proceed with accusations by a nonstate actor against a nonmember of the court, all the while insisting it has jurisdiction? Few have any doubt that if unleashed to prosecute whom it wishes by parties without legal standing (because "Palestine" is not, in fact, a state), ICC prosecutions of U.S. officials will not be far behind. Until last week, Obama administration policy was to try to walk back the entire ICC mess. It is in the best interests of the United States to continue that fight, but best interests are not always the prime mover behind Obama administration policies. Of course, all involved in this could also act like adults with real issues at stake -- Netanyahu and Obama could do the right things and put behind them the fuss over the speech to Congress, the personal backbiting, and the public bickering. But that would require a maturity that neither party appears to embrace, more the shame for all of us. | Benjamin Netanyahu looked set for re-election after Tuesday's poll . Danielle Pletka: Victory may spur U.S. to more concessions in Iran talks . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Mesut Ozil is 'convinced' that he can win the Ballon d'Or within the next few years, as long as he continues to develop well at Arsenal. The German World Cup winner has endured a turbulent time since his £42.5million move to the Emirates in 2013, but has rediscovered his form in recent weeks. As Ozil continues to adapt to the 'physical test' of the Premier League, the creative midfielder believes he will one day reach the same level as the likes of Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi. Mesut Ozil believes he will one day be crowned as the world's best player by winning the Ballon d'Or . The Arsenal midfielder hopes he can 'continue to develop and stay healthy' in a bid to win the coveted award . Ozil hopes he will be able to reach the same level as 2014's Ballon d'Or winner Cristiano Ronaldo . He told Sport Bild: 'If I continue to develop well and stay healthy, I would like, in the next few years, to hold the Ballon d’Or in my hands. I am convinced that it can happen. 'I’m feeling very positive. I’m a world champion and I play at a top club in the Premier League. 'There is much more of a physical test here than there is in Spain or in the Bundesliga – I constantly have bruises, but that makes me harder. I feel physically better than ever.' The 26-year-old, who is currently on international duty with Germany, hit the headlines for the wrong reasons last weekend after being spotted in a Berlin nightclub just hours after missing Arsenal’s Premier League victory against Newcastle because he had a cold. Ozil has had a turbulent career at the Emirates but has rediscovered his form since the turn of the year . The 26-year-old is currently on international duty with World Cup winners Germany . Germany manager Joachim Low defended Ozil, claiming the midfielder had the permission of Arsene Wenger to fly to Berlin on Saturday. 'It's anyone's guess whether he was partying or not,' Low told reporters ahead of Wednesday's friendly against Australia. 'He has told me that he was in Berlin. I spoke to him and he said that he was weakened by a cold during last week and so Arsene Wenger and Ozil together took the decision to not play him at the weekend. After the match, he was allowed to fly to Berlin.' Ozil was spotted in a Berlin nightclub just hours after missing Arsenal’s clash against Newcastle on Saturday . | Arsenal star Mesut Ozil believes he can win Ballon d'Or in 'next few years' The 26-year-old has rediscovered his form for Arsenal in recent months . Ozil is on international duty with World Cup winners Germany . Joachim Low: Ozil had permission to go to Berlin after Newcastle match . CLICK HERE for all the latest Arsenal news . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | The Aussie cricket team are set to split a price pool of $5 million if they are to win the final against New Zealand tonight. This will see the 15 man squad awarded with $340,000 each, regardless of how many games they played in the six week stint. The AFR Weekend has reported that even George Bailey who only played one match against England in the tournament will receive the same amount as each other player. The Australian side are set to take home $340,000 each if they are triumphant in tonight's game against NZ . The winners divide the pool up evenly, regardless of how many games each participated in . Other occasional players such as Xavier Doherty, Pat Cummins and Mitchell Marsh will also be presented with the same cut. The runner up pool is not too bad either with each player receiving $150,000 if they were to succumb to the New Zealand team. This is on top of the player's contract payments, IPL contracts and individual endorsement deals. Other teams tend to divvy up the winnings in a different fashion. If New Zealand were to win their prize money would be divided up by who participated in the most games . The Australian squad have 13 players in the top 50 sports earners in Australia, according to BRW . Australian cricketer Mitchell Johnston (2nd right) earned $4.1 million last year and is consequently one of Australia's top sports earners . New Zealand sees players who did not participate in all the games take home less of the prize pool than the players who did. The Sydney Morning Herald have reported that these winnings may not make too much of a difference to the Australian squad members due to their ridiculously high earnings. BRW recently released the Top 50 sports earners in Australia with 13 Australian cricketers making the cut. Shane Watson led the pack with an earning of $4.5 million last year, closely followed by Mitchell Johnston ($4.1 million) and Test captain Michael Clarke ($4 million). | Each cricketer on the Aussie side will win $340,000 if triumphant tonight . The prize pool of $5 million is divided equally regardless of how many games each player participated within the six weeks . NZ divvy up their winnings depending on how many games were played . If Australia are to lose, they will win $150,000 each - still divided evenly . The squad have 13 players in the top 50 sports earners in Australia . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A video emerged today that claims to show Oscar Pistorius playing football in a prison yard with a notorious underworld criminal. The extraordinary footage appears to show a dramatically slimmer Pistorius enjoying a penalty shoot-out competition with Radovan Krejcir, who was last month charged with murder. The disgraced sprinter, who was jailed for five years for killing his girlfriend Reeva Steenkamp, has struck up an unlikely friendship with the Czech fugitive since they became neighbours on the hospital wing at Kgosi Mampuru prison in Pretoria. In the 90 second clip, South Africa's two most notorious prisoners are seen taking turns to play striker and goalkeeper in the facility's concrete yard which they seemingly have to themselves. Kickabout: A video emerged that claims to show Oscar Pistorius (white T-shirt) playing football in a prison yard with a notorious underworld criminal, seen here taking on the role of goalkeeper in a penalty shoot-out . Enjoying some freedom: The extraordinary footage appears to show a dramatically slimmer Pistorius enjoying a penalty shoot-out competition with Radovan Krejcir, who was last month charged with murder . Wide of the mark: Pistorius's shot misses the goal and hits a door instead. The double-amputee was jailed for five years for killing his girlfriend Reeva Steenkamp on Valentine's Day in 2013 . Incarcerated: The disgraced sprinter has struck up an unlikely friendship with Czech fugitive Radovan Krejcir (right) since they became neighbours on the hospital wing at Kgosi Mampuru prison in Pretoria . The footage, shot from above on a mobile phone reportedly by a convicted robber, was published today by South Africa's Daily Sun newspaper. The pictures appear to support recent reports that the double-amputee has slimmed down dramatically since his incarceration four months ago amid fears of poisoning by other prisoners. According to jail sources, the shamed athlete is surviving on tins of baked beans, pilchards and an African vegetable dish called 'chakalaka' bought at the prison tuck shop after spurning his rations. Wearing trainers, grey shorts and a white, unbranded T-shirt that appears to swamp his lean frame, the 28-year-old's thin arms protrude from its sleeves. The images are in stark contrast to the muscle-bound track star who made history at the London Olympic games by competing against able-bodied athletes. During the day, Pistorius is required to dress in the regulation orange jump suit which is issued to all inmates at the jail. Fun and games: In the 90-second clip, South Africa's two most notorious prisoners are seen taking turns to play striker and goalkeeper in the facility's concrete yard which they seemingly have to themselves . As a prisoner on remand, heavily-built Krejcir is entitled to wear his own clothes and is dressed in a striped top and deck shoes for his knockabout game with the famous athlete . But according to a spokesman for the jail, he is entitled to dress in sports gear for his hour of daily exercise. As a prisoner on remand, heavily-built Krejcir is entitled to wear his own clothes and is dressed in a striped top and deck shoes for his knockabout game with the famous athlete. Although in the video Pistorius appears to move easily on his prostheses despite his obvious drop in weight, during his long murder trial, his doctor told the court of the pain the fallen sprinter suffers a result of wearing artificial limbs that fit poorly as a result of weight loss. The bleak yard where the men are having a kickabout shows two narrow doors, one yellow and one red, apparently used to control the exit and entry of the prison's notoriously violent large population. For the purposes of their football game, the doors provide make-shift goal posts and Pistorius shows himself to be useful in goal, deflecting the older man's attempt to score by blocking one shot with a prosthetic leg. At one point, the one-time sporting idol has to delve behind some wheelie bins to retrieve the white ball after knocking away Krejcir's strike with his hand. In apparent deference to his opponent, the Paralympic gold medalist is seen moving a concrete-weighted pole and plastic bag out of the way in order for Krejcir to have more room to take aim at the goal. The bleak yard where the men are having a kickabout shows two narrow doors, one yellow and one red, apparently used to control the exit and entry of the prison's notoriously violent large population . At one point, the one-time sporting idol has to delve behind some wheelie bins to retrieve the white ball after knocking away Krejcir's strike with his hand . When it is his own turn to take penalties, Pistorius strikes hard, but hits one of the door 'goal posts', before sprinting off to reclaim the ball – clearly relishing the short burst of speed. Prison chiefs are mindful of the threat to Pistorius's safety at the massive jail, where gangs dominate prison life and sexual and physical violence is the only means to progress up the gangs' chain of command. He spends much of his day isolated from other prisoners, but Krejcir – despite his links with violent crime – is obviously perceived to pose no danger. Last month, MailOnline exclusively revealed how Pistorius had been re-classified to a low-risk A category prisoner, entitling him to greater freedoms and privileges behind bars, including 'contact' visits, a radio and the freedom to wear jewelry. The Daily Sun newspaper, which received the footage from a prisoner inside the jail, quoted an unnamed inmate who complained that Krejcir and Pistorius were getting preferential treatment because they are both white. The paper reports that Pistorius is given mineral water, fresh fruit and tea for breakfast - treats that are not afforded to other prisoners and prepared only for him. 'We are all in prison and we must be treated the same. The colour of your skin should not be a passport to get on the sweet side of the law,' the prisoner told the paper. The noise of the prison, which houses 7,000 inmates, can be heard on the video soundtrack, drowning any exchanges between the two men. Stark: Prisoners are lined up inside the Kgosi Mumpuru 11 Management Centre during a surprise raid by prison officials checking for drugs and other contraband. Pistorius is being held in the hospital wing of jail . Grim: Prison officials search an inmate's cell. Pistorius is said to be quiet and calm in prison after an initial meltdown during his first few days when other inmates heard him sobbing himself to sleep (file picture) Krejcir, currently on trial for kidnapping, attempted murder and drug dealing, appears to enjoy the yard knockabout. The Czech fugitive is facing a long incarceration as a prisoner on remand, with a number of outstanding cases against him. Detectives said it would take years to wrap up investigations into the Czech's links with the criminal underworld including murder, drug trafficking, robbery and fraud. Krejcir currently has three court cases running against him, but as an unconvicted prisoner is entitled to greater privileges than his neighbour on the hospital wing. Krecjir's latest charge involves the murder of a Lebanese national who was shot more than 30 times when he stopped at a traffic light in Johannesburg 18 months ago. News of the unlikely friendship between the two was revealed when Krejcir wrote a letter to prison authorities complaining that a treadmill and exercise bike – that he trained on alongside Pistorius –had been removed from the corridor outside his cell. Krejcir used a false passport to move to South Africa seven years ago and has been linked to the unsolved murders of, among others, a luxury car exporter, the owner of a string of strip joints and a known drug dealer. Victim and killer: Model Reeva Steenkamp died after Pistorius fired four shots at her through a locked toilet door at his home on Valentine's Day two years ago . In 2013 he survived an attempt on his own life which involved remotely-operated guns which had been hidden - 007-style - behind the number plate of a parked car. In December, the double-amputee's brother told South Africa's YOU magazine how the athlete had hoped to begin a basketball training programme for inmates, many of whom suffer from ill health due to HIV, Aids and TB. According to Carl, Pistorius had requested a donation of basketballs from his family in order to set up the project after applying for permission from prison bosses. In October, Pistorius was convicted of culpable homicide over the death of 29 year-old Mrs Steenkamp at his home on St Valentine's Day 2013. The double-amputee shot the model four times through a locked toilet door after mistaking her for an intruder. He could be released from jail in August and allowed to serve the remainder of his sentence under house arrest. However, the state has appealed Pistorius' acquittal on a charge of murder. The athlete's own lawyers have challenged the ruling to allow the appeal. The next hearing in the case is due to take place on Friday. | Video appears to show the killer athlete having a kickabout in prison yard . Enjoys penalty shoot-out with notorious Czech 'gangster' Radovan Krejcir . Pictures appear to support claims sprinter has dramatically slimmed down . He struck up friendship with Krejcir after sharing gym on hospital wing . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Watford have signed Cardiff City defender Matthew Connolly on loan until the end of the season. The 27-year-old, who can play across the back four, has made 26 appearances for Russell Slade's side this season, including 90 minutes on Tuesday night as they drew 1-1 with Bournemouth. Connolly, a former Arsenal trainee, has won promotion from the Championship previously with QPR and Reading. Cardiff City defender Matthew Connolly has signed for Watford on loan for the remainder of the season . A Cardiff statement said: 'We have accepted a loan offer for Matthew Connolly from Watford FC. 'Matthew will link up with the Hornets immediately, subject to international clearance. The emergency loan spell will run until June 1st 2015 inclusive. 'We wish Matthew the very best of luck during his time at Vicarage Road.' Slavisa Jokanovic now has an additional defender to utilise as Watford look to rise up the Championship . | Matthew Connolly has moved from Cardiff to Watford on a loan deal . The versatile defender has been a regular under Russell Slade . He has won promotion to the Premier League with QPR and Reading . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Liverpool defender Martin Skrtel has denied a Football Association charge of violent conduct for standing on Manchester United goalkeeper David de Gea. Video evidence was used to charge the centre-back, currently away on international duty with Slovakia, after television pictures highlighted the incident - missed by referee Martin Atkinson - in the last seconds of Sunday's 2-1 defeat at Anfield. Skrtel chased a through-ball as 10-man Liverpool searched for a late equaliser but De Gea slid in to get there first and the defender continued his run and stood on the goalkeeper's right shin. Martin Skrtel's foot lands on David de Gea's leg in the incident which saw the FA charge the defender . Skrtel will fight the violent conduct charge, claiming the alleged stamp was not intentional . Premier League: Arsenal away, April 4 . FA Cup Sixth round: Blackburn away, April 8 . Premier League: Newcastle at home, April 13 . A three-man panel of former elite officials were asked by the FA to review the footage independently of each other and there was unanimous agreement the offence warranted a red card. Skrtel was given until 6pm on Tuesday to respond to the charge and has decided to contest it. The 30-year-old will argue the incident was accidental and not intentional. If he fails in his challenge, Skrtel will receive a three-match ban - which covers league games at Arsenal and home to Newcastle either side of the FA Cup quarter-final replay at Sky Bet Championship side Blackburn. Manchester United keeper De Gea takes exception to the contact from Skrtel at the end of Sunday's match . A three-man panel of former elite officials reviewed the footage after it wasn't seen by Martin Atkinson (right) Coincidentally, Skrtel could argue a precedent was set back in January when Chelsea striker Diego Costa was charged for a stamp on Liverpool's Emre Can but escaped punishment for one on Skrtel himself. The Spain international stood on the defender as he slid in to make a tackle in a similar incident to Skrtel's coming together with De Gea. The incident was looked at retrospectively using television evidence after both the Skrtel flashpoint and the stamp on Can were missed by referee Michael Oliver. Skrtel could argue a precedent was set in January when Chelsea striker Diego Costa escaped punishment for an alleged stamp on him that was reviewed on video after referee Michael Oliver missed the incident . Costa was however suspended for this contact with Skrtel's team-mate Emre Can in the same match . 'Following a review of an incident during the game involving Costa and Liverpool's Martin Skrtel, The FA will not be taking any further action,' a statement from the FA said at the time. However, Skrtel's hopes of succeeding appear slim. Costa appealed his charge for the offence against Can - with manager Jose Mourinho insisting both incidents were 'absolutely accidental' - but was found guilty and banned for three matches. It led to Mourinho claiming there was a 'clear campaign' against Chelsea. | Liverpool defender Martin Skrtel with fight FA charge of violent conduct . Slovakian stepped on Manchester United's David de Gea on Sunday . Skrtel was charged on video evidence after the incident late in the game . Three-man panel of former elite officials deemed it worthy of red card . Skrtel will argue that the incident in the 2-1 defeat was accidental . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Kelvin Davis had gone almost 15 months since his last appearance in the Barclays Premier League but Ronald Koeman thinks it was worth the wait. Part of a Southampton team boasting Luke Shaw, Dejan Lovren and Adam Lallana, and managed by Mauricio Pochettino, Davis let in three against Chelsea that day in January 2014. Yet on Saturday, like a blast from the past, the 38-year-old goalkeeper became the fourth oldest player to feature this season. He did so with gusto, earning a round of applause from his team-mates as he entered the dressing room afterwards. 38-year-old veteran goalkeeper Kelvin Davis put in a confident display against Burnley on Saturday . Davis had come on as a substitute after first-choice Southampton goalkeeper Fraser Forster was injured . Davis' assured performance earned him plenty of praise from his team-mates as Southampton won 2-0 . Southampton striker Shane Long scores his side's opening goal against Burnley at St Mary's on Saturday . Long runs to celebrate in front of the home fans as Southampton take the lead against Burnley . Southampton have benefited from more opposition own goals than any other Premier League team this season (5). His appearance came in unfortunate circumstances. An injury to Fraser Forster's left knee that will almost certainly rule the goalkeeper out of England's internationals this month called for Davis to wipe the dust off his gloves. There is no reason to panic as far as Koeman is concerned. He has a man he deems reliable and professional enough, both behind the scenes as club captain and on the pitch, to fill the void. Koeman was 51 on Saturday and, while Shane Long and an own goal from Burnley's Jason Shackell provided the victory, the Southampton manager's birthday gift was in no short part down to the man 13 years his junior. 'I was not surprised because we see Kelvin working every day in the training session,' Koeman said. 'That's important to have somebody when he has to play that he has some confidence. That he will not be nervous. 'His situation is clear. Fraser is first and Kelvin is the second goalkeeper. You need a lot of experience when you need to play and you have to show it. 'That's difficult but he showed his quality. He was looking very comfortable and that gave confidence to the rest of the team. He's not the youngest goalkeeper but still he's a very good goalkeeper. He's a very good professional.' Burnley's Jason Shackell (left) is put under pressure by Southampton forward Graziano Pelle on Saturday . Davis still has some way to go before catching Leicester City's 42-year-old reserve goalkeeper Mark Schwarzer but he made the most appearances for Southampton in League One four seasons ago, having joined the Saints in 2006, and rolled back the years on Saturday. Davis denied Sam Vokes and Danny Ings with full-length saves, and gave Koeman hope that losing Forster will not hamper the club that have conceded the fewest goals in the Premier League this season. Burnley tested them, but European football remains a possibility. Koeman was not oblivious to his former club Barcelona's win in the Champions League against Manchester City last week, yet he refuses to imagine himself taking Southampton to the Nou Camp. 'We don't think too much about the Champions League. We hope seventh place on the table means European football, and that will be fantastic for us,' said Koeman. 'The Champions League is amazing to play in and amazing to be involved in. We know our situation, we know our qualities. If it's Europa League, that will be great for us.' Southampton boss Ronald Koeman is hoping to finish in the top seven in the Premier League this season . The 2-0 win over Burnley leaves Southampton in strong contention for European football next season . | Kelvin Davis made his first Premier League appearance in almost 15 months . He replaced the injured Fraser Forster against Burnley on Saturday . The 38-year-old put in a solid display as Southampton secured a 2-0 win . Ronald Koeman is targeting European football with Saints this season . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Dick Advocaat has a warning for Sunderland’s under-performing players – ‘If you don’t put it in for me I’ll be on the pitch letting you know’. The Dutch boss watched in horror from his home in Holland last week as the Black Cats slumped to a 4-0 defeat against Aston Villa at the Stadium of Light, a result which cost Gus Poyet his job. Advocaat has revealed he was waiting for Poyet to be sacked before taking over – he was sounded out three weeks ago - and says he will not tolerate performances such as last weekend's sorry surrender. Dick Advocaat has never been relegated in his career and does not want Sunderland to be the first . ‘I was very disappointed (watching the game). When they scored, you could see that something is going wrong in the players’ heads,’ he said ahead of his first match in charge at West Ham. ‘When Aston Villa scored their fourth goal, five players were standing still. When they lost the ball up front, the ball went, and five players were walking back instead of running back. ‘This is not possible. I told them, “If I was beside the line, I would have been on the pitch”. That means that something is wrong.’ Advocaat said he was disappointed with the Sunderland player's reaction after they conceded . Sunderland are one place and one point above the relegation zone . Advocaat has never been relegated during a 28-year managerial career – and he doesn’t intend to make that a first on Wearside. ‘I have never been relegated and I always have the feeling that I will never go down,’ he said. ‘So I don’t really want to talk about that. I have been close, but that was when I was a very young manager. I started at SVV when I was 36 and we were champions in one of the lower leagues. We had a difficult season the following year, but we survived in the last game.’ Advocaat has just nine games to save Sunderland from the drop and is confident his influence can make a difference. Advocaat has nine games to help Sunderland avoid relegation . ‘It is always better if you start at the beginning of a season because then you can put all of your ideas in,’ he said. ‘But in terms of organisation, it is not that difficult to bring the players into step, so that everybody knows what to do. They have to do that. ‘If we are to going to win games, they have to do that. The organisation is the most important thing in football, then you can add in the individual skills of the players.’ For if they don’t step into line, Advocaat will be on the pitch letting them know. | Dick Advocaat has nine games to save Sunderland from relegation . Advocaat has never been relegated in his career as a manager . The Dutchman says he will not tolerate performances like the one in the 4-0 defeat by Aston Villa last weekend . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)Incumbent Goodluck Jonathan phoned former military leader Muhammadu Buhari on Tuesday to concede defeat in Nigeria's presidential elections, Buhari's party says. Jonathan acknowledged the phone call and his defeat in a written statement to his countrymen. "I thank all Nigerians once again for the great opportunity I was given to lead this country and assure you that I will continue to do my best at the helm of national affairs until the end of my tenure," he said. The Independent National Electoral Commission is still announcing the final tally in the polls, but early numbers indicate Buhari, now the President-elect, has an overwhelming majority of votes. Buhari ruled Nigeria from late 1983 until August 1985 after ousting his predecessor in a coup. His 20-month rule was known for what he described as a "war on indiscipline," a tough regime that some say was marred by human rights abuses. The 72-year-old retired major general's experience as a military ruler has variably been viewed as a plus or minus in present-day Nigeria, where the government has been locked in a deadly battle with the militant group Boko Haram. His campaign has focused on security and ending corruption in Nigeria. Read more: Who is Nigeria's Muhammadu Buhari? Violent protests after elections Saturday sparked calls for calm from the two main candidates and a warning by the United States and Britain against political interference. Demonstrators fired gunshots and torched a local electoral office in Nigeria's oil-rich Rivers state on Sunday as they marched to protest the elections amid claims of vote-rigging and voter intimidation. After the protests in Rivers, Buhari's All Progressives Congress demanded the elections there be canceled. "There's been so much violence in Rivers state that it's just not tenable," party spokesman Lai Mohammed said. But the People's Democratic Party disputed the accusation, saying the election was "credible and the result reflects the overwhelming wish of the people of Rivers state to support President Goodluck Jonathan." Both candidates took to social media to call for calm. "I want to urge all Nigerians to also wait patiently for the Independent National Electoral Commission, INEC, to collate and announce results," Jonathan said on his Facebook account. "Fellow Nigerians, I urge you to exercise patience and vigilance as we wait for all results to be announced," Buhari said on Twitter. Jonathan and Buhari last week issued a pledge reaffirming their commitment to "free, fair and credible elections" after their signing of the Abuja Accord in January. In his statement Tuesday, Jonathan said; "I promised the country free and fair elections. I have kept my word." He advised anyone upset with the results to follow due process and stay away from further violence. "As I have always affirmed, nobody's ambition is worth the blood of any Nigerian. The unity, stability and progress of our dear country is more important than anything else," he said. Read more: Democracy was the real winner . More than 800 people were killed in post-election violence across Nigeria's north in 2011 after charges that those elections were illegitimate. Nigeria's vote had been scheduled for February 14, but on February 7, Nigeria's election commission announced it would be postponed for six weeks because of security concerns, with the military needing more time to secure areas controlled by Boko Haram. The controversial decision was unpopular among many Nigerians and led to widespread protests. Jonathan has been criticized for not doing enough to combat Boko Haram, which is waging a campaign of terror aimed at instituting a stricter version of Sharia law in Nigeria. On Saturday, residents in the northeastern state of Gombe said at least 11 people were killed and two more injured in attacks at polling stations, apparently by Boko Haram extremists. CNN's Christian Purefoy reported from Lagos, Nigeria, while CNN's Susannah Cullinane and Stephanie Busari wrote from London. | Incumbent President Goodluck Jonathan acknowledges defeat, says he delivered on promise of fair elections . Muhammadu Buhari's party says Jonathan called to concede even before final results are announced . Buhari is a 72-year-old retired major general who ruled in Nigeria in the 1980s . |
Extract the list of countries that have part of the Amazon rainforest. Place them in a bullet list | The Amazon rainforest, also called Amazon jungle or Amazonia, is a moist broadleaf tropical rainforest in the Amazon biome that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America. This basin encompasses 7,000,000 km2 (2,700,000 sq mi), of which 5,500,000 km2 (2,100,000 sq mi) are covered by the rainforest. This region includes territory belonging to nine nations and 3,344 formally acknowledged indigenous territories.
The majority of the forest, 60%, is in Brazil, followed by Peru with 13%, Colombia with 10%, and with minor amounts in Bolivia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela. Four nations have "Amazonas" as the name of one of their first-level administrative regions, and France uses the name "Guiana Amazonian Park" for French Guiana's protected rainforest area. The Amazon represents over half of the planet's remaining rainforests, and comprises the largest and most biodiverse tract of tropical rainforest in the world, with an estimated 390 billion individual trees in about 16,000 species.
More than 30 million people of 350 different ethnic groups live in the Amazon, which are subdivided into 9 different national political systems and 3,344 formally acknowledged indigenous territories. Indigenous peoples make up 9% of the total population, and 60 of the groups remain largely isolated. | Brazil
Peru
Colombia
Bolivia
Ecuador
French Guiana
Guyana
Suriname
Venezuela |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (The Hollywood Reporter)The skies over Gotham City might become bright once again in 2016, with Adam West and Burt Ward promising a return to their career-high roles of Batman and Robin as part of an upcoming animated project next year. The comments took place at the Mad Monster Party in Charlotte, NC this weekend, with Ward somewhat uncertainly telling the crowd that they "can look forward to a new animated "Batman" full length, 90-minute feature, coming out on the 50th anniversary." (That would be the 50th anniversary of the 1960s Batman TV series, which launched Jan. 12, 1966.) Why more 'Star Wars' actors haven't become stars . The animated movie is described by Ward as "one of possibly two, but for sure one, that Adam and I are going to be doing the voices for," although he didn't say anything else about the project. In fact, as video from the event shows below, he seemed unclear about whether he should talk about it at all, prefacing his comments with "I don't know... whether we can talk about the new Batman movie..." (Adam West declares they can, in a suitably Batman-esque authoritative tone.) How Superman, Wonder Woman and Batman have changed their looks through the years . The profile of the 1960s Batman series has been raised considerably in recent years, with Warner Bros. Consumer Products and DC Entertainment releasing a line of merchandise and comic books based on the series under the brand Batman '66, leading up to last year's release of the full series on DVD and Blu-ray. Batman through the years . Warner Bros. declined to comment about a potential 50th anniversary animated project when contacted by THR. ©2015 The Hollywood Reporter. All rights reserved. | Adam West and Burt Ward say they will reprise their Batman and Robin roles in an animated movie . Movie is due out in 2016 for the 1966 TV series' 50th anniversary . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Chelsea go into their second leg against Paris Saint-Germain with a small advantage due to Branislav Ivanovic's crucial away goal in Paris. The Blues will be wary of the threat posed by Zlatan Ibrahimovic, Edinson Cavani and Co as they look to seal a spot in the quarter-finals of the Champions League. Here, Sportsmail lists three reasons why Chelsea should be cheerful and three reasons why they should be fearful going into their match against the Ligue 1 outfit. Three reasons to be cheerful... Chelsea’s home comforts . At home, Chelsea are unbeaten in the Champions League against French opposition, keeping five clean sheets in six games (Won 4, Drawn 2, Lost 0) Ibrahimovic struggles to provide knockout blow . Zlatan Ibrahimovic may strike fear into the hearts of opposition defences, but the PSG striker’s record in the knockout rounds of the Champions League is not so terrifying... (Group stages: A goal every two games, Knockout stages: A goal every 4.9 games) They all count... Half of Chelsea’s Champions League goals this season have been scored via set-pieces (nine). Interestingly, the same proportion of PSG’s goals conceded in Ligue 1 have been from dead-ball situations (12 of 24). Paris Saint-Germain striker Zlatan Ibrahimovic has struggled during the Champions League knockout stages . Three reasons to be fearful... Terrific record . Laurent Blanc's men are unbeaten since January 10 (Played 14, Won 10, Drawn 4, Lost 0, Goal difference +16) Keeping it tight at the back . In the first leg at the Parc des Princes, Chelsea were largely dominated by PSG and restricted to just two shots — the second of which was Branislav Ivanovic’s opener. Chelsea to pay penalty . The Blues will be desperate to get the tie wrapped up in 90 minutes - their win percentage in penalty shoot-outs in Europe is just 25 per cent (won 1, lost 3). Chelsea were restricted to just two shots at goal during 1-1 draw with Paris-Saint Germain . | Zlatan Ibrahimovic only manages a goal every 4.9 games in KO stage . Chelsea are unbeaten in the Champions League against French opposition . Laurent Blanc's side are unbeaten since January 10 . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A video has been released which appears to show Wayne Rooney being knocked out cold by former Manchester United team-mate Phil Bardsley. The Old Trafford captain and the Stoke defender pulled on gloves during a night-in at Rooney's Cheshire mansion last month - but Bardsley's wife Tanya dismissed the incident as a joke. With only a small space in which to work in Rooney's lounge, the pair trade light blows for just under a minute before Bardsley sends Rooney reeling. The England striker lies motionless under a chair for several seconds before the video, obtained by The Sun, cuts out. Wayne Rooney, a big boxing fan, posted this picture on his Instagram with professional boxer Paul Smith . Phil Bardsley's wife Tanya moved to defuse the furore by claiming the video had been a joke . 'Wayne had everybody worried when he hit the floor like that,' a source told the newspaper. 'He made such a thud when he went down and he was just on his back with his eyes closed, not moving. 'People were scared he had really banged his head and done some lasting damage. 'Everyone realised it was a stupid thing to do, but they just got carried away.' Bardsley's wife Tanya later hit back at the furore caused by the release of the video. She tweeted: 'Seen the sun, 2 mates havin a laugh video doesn't show Wayne jumping straight up and laughing with Phil #cleveredit.' The video is believed to have been filmed on February 22, the day after United lost 2-1 at Swansea. Rooney is wearing a pair of white Adidas gloves while Bardsley pulls on a pink pair. They appear to be sparring gloves rather than the smaller, less padded sets worn in professional fights. Neither man has a headguard on and while Bardsley is wearing shoes, Rooney is in his socks. After touching gloves, they circle each other before Bardsley throws a left hand. Rooney paws back without connecting. Bardsley is the more aggressive throughout, and tries to go for Rooney's body, pushing him back. The pair separate but again Bardsley comes on strongly, landing a right uppercut. Rooney tries to respond but misses wildly before his former team-mate bides his time and throws the shot that sends Rooney backwards, narrowly avoiding a chair as he hits the deck. The incident could leave Rooney with some uncomfortable questions to answer from United chiefs over his choice of extra-curricular activities. Given he skipper's United, the forward is a regular for Louis van Gaal's men. And the United manager is unlikely to be impressed with Rooney for partaking in such dangerous activities prior to matches and training. Rooney returned to action six days later, scoring a double against Sunderland. Phil Bardsley (centre) celebrates a Peter Crouch goal for Stoke during a win over Arsenal in December 2014 . Wayne Rooney scores a stunning header against Arsenal in the 2-1 FA Cup defeat on Monday . The Manchester United captain celebrates his goal at Old Trafford on Monday against Arsenal in the FA Cup . VIDEO Van Gaal refuses to discuss 'ridiculous' Rooney story . Former Birmingham and Sheffield United midfielder Curtis Woodhouse - who swapped football for boxing and became the British super-lightweight champion - saw the funny side of it, posting on Twitter beside two pictures of himself boxing and playing football: 'Some can, some think they can?? Rooney... not everybody can do it!!! it's not as easy as I made it look.' When asked by one Twitter user whether he would consider fighting Rooney for charity, Woodhouse replied: 'When he wakes up maybe'. Rooney comes from a big boxing background and is often photographed at ringside during high-profile bouts. Speaking seven years ago, Rooney said his boxing training as a youngster helped his football career. 'I think my boxing training was beneficial in my development as a footballer, especially breaking through to the Premier League at such a young age,' he said. 'I needed that extra bit of strength that the boxing training had given me. It made it easier to play than it might have been and it's helped me with the way my game is now. 'All through my life - from the ages of six, seven and eight - when big fights were on television, I used to stay up with my dad to watch them. 'I've always loved watching boxing and I went boxing training for about three or four years when I was younger. It's a sport I've always been involved in. 'I was doing both boxing and football training at one stage when I was about 15. But Everton who I was with at the time, said I had to concentrate on one of them and I opted for football.' Rooney recently posted this picture on Instagram of him meeting Lennox Lewis (left) and Amir Khan (centre) | Footage has emerged of Wayne Rooney boxing with Phil Bardsley . The sparring session took place in Rooney's mansion . It happened the day after United lost to Swansea in February . They exchange light blows before Bardsley knocks Rooney down . The Manchester United striker lies motionless and the video ends . Bardsley's wife Tanya hit back on Twitter at the furore caused . READ: Rooney pokes fun at boxing video with knockout celebration! READ: Was Rooney a knockout against Tottenham at Old Trafford? |
Which countries today were commonly part of the Fertile Crescent in history? | Traditional dried fruit such as raisins, figs, dates, apricots and apples have been a staple of Mediterranean diets for millennia. This is due partly to their early cultivation in the Middle Eastern region known as the Fertile Crescent, made up by parts of modern Iran, Iraq, southwest Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Israel, and northern Egypt. Drying or dehydration also happened to be the earliest form of food preservation: grapes, dates, and figs that fell from the tree or vine would dry in the hot sun. Early hunter-gatherers observed that these fallen fruit took on an edible form, and valued them for their stability as well as their concentrated sweetness.
The earliest recorded mention of dried fruits can be found in Mesopotamian tablets dating to about 1500 BC, which contain what are probably the oldest known written recipes. These clay slabs, written in Akkadian, the daily language of Babylonia, were inscribed in cuneiform and tell of diets based on grains (barley, millet, wheat), vegetables and fruits such as dates, figs, apples, pomegranates, and grapes. These early civilizations used dates, date juice evaporated into syrup and raisins as sweeteners. They included dried fruits in their breads for which they had more than 300 recipes, from simple barley bread for the workers to very elaborate, spiced cakes with honey for the palaces and temples.
The date palm was one of the first cultivated trees. It was domesticated in Mesopotamia more than 5,000 years ago. It grew abundantly in the Fertile Crescent and it was so productive (an average date palm produces 50 kg (100 lbs) of fruit a year for 60 years or more) that dates were the cheapest of staple foods. Because they were so valuable, they were well recorded in Assyrian and Babylonian monuments and temples. The villagers in Mesopotamia dried them and ate them as sweets. Whether fresh, soft-dried or hard-dried, they helped to give character to meat dishes and grain pies. They were valued by travelers for their energy and were recommended as stimulants against fatigue.
Figs were also prized in early Mesopotamia, Palestine, Israel, and Egypt where their daily use was probably greater than or equal to that of dates. As well as appearing in wall paintings, many specimens have been found in Egyptian tombs as funerary offerings. In Greece and Crete, figs grew very readily and they were the staple of poor and rich alike, particularly in their dried form.
Grape cultivation first began in Armenia and the eastern regions of the Mediterranean in the 4th century BC. Raisins were produced by drying grapes in the hot desert sun. Very quickly, viticulture and raisin production spread across northern Africa including Morocco and Tunisia. The Phoenicians and the Egyptians popularized the production of raisins, probably due to the perfect arid environment for sun drying. They put them in jars for storage and allotted them to the different temples by the thousands. They also added them to breads and various pastries, some made with honey, some with milk and eggs.
From the Middle East, these fruits spread through Greece to Italy where they became a major part of the diet. Ancient Romans consumed raisins in spectacular quantities and at all levels of society, including them as a key part of their common meals, along with olives and fresh fruits. Raisined breads were common for breakfast and were consumed with their grains, beans, and cultured milks. Raisins were so valued that they transcended the food realm and became rewards for successful athletes, as well as premium barter currency.
Having dried fruits was essential in ancient Rome as these instructions for housekeepers around 100 BC tell: "She must keep a supply of cooked food on hand for you and the servants. She must keep many hens and have plenty of eggs. She must have a large store of dried pears, sorbs, figs, raisins, sorbs in must, preserved pears and grapes and quinces. She must also keep preserved grapes in grape-pulp and in pots buried in the ground, as well as fresh Praenestine nuts kept in the same way, and Scantian quinces in jars, and other fruits that are usually preserved, as well as wild fruits. All these she must store away diligently every year."
Figs were also extremely popular in Rome. Dried figs were added to bread and formed a major part of the winter food of country people. They were rubbed with spices such as cumin, anise and fennel seeds, or toasted sesame, wrapped in fig leaves and stored in jars. Today, major producing regions include Israel, Jerusalem, Gaza and many other Arabic countries. Dried figs are rich in vitamins, phosphorus and various other important minerals.
Plums, apricots and peaches had their origins in Asia. They were domesticated in China in the 3rd millennium BC and spread to the Fertile Crescent where they were also very popular, fresh and dried alike. They arrived in Greece and Italy much later and were very expensive but valued in the preparation of gourmet dishes with port or stewed with honey and spices. | The Middle Eastern region known as the Fertile Crescent, is made up by parts of modern Iran, Iraq, southwest Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Israel, and northern Egypt. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Goals from David Luiz and Edinson Cavani helped Paris St Germain reach the semi-finals of the French Cup with a 2-0 win over Ligue 1 rivals Monaco at the Parc des Princes on Wednesday. Three days after the two teams played out a dull 0-0 league draw, they put on a much more entertaining spectacle. PSG, however, never looked under threat and recorded a morale-boosting victory ahead of next week's Champions League last-16 return leg against Chelsea. David Luiz (right) celebrates with his team-mate Edinson Cavani (right) after scoring in the third minute . PSG midfielder Adrien Rabiot (left) tussles for the ball with Monaco forward Nabil Dirar (right) David Luiz lost his marker to head home from close-range early in the first-half and give PSG a 1-0 lead . PSG winger Ezequiel Lavezzi (left) controls the ball at the Parc des Princes on Wednesday night . Centre back Luiz headed home from Ezequiel Lavezzi's free kick in the third minute as PSG made the perfect start against Monaco, whose coach Leonardo Jardim had made seven changes from the team who played on Sunday. They doubled the lead seven minutes into the second half, with Marco Verratti setting up Cavani in the penalty area to beat Maarten Stekelenburg with a low shot. PSG continued to dominate and Javier Pastore and Cavani both hit the woodwork. Uruguayan forward Edinson Cavani (right) rounds Monaco goalkeeper Maarten Stekelenburg to score . Monaco's Geoffrey Kondogbia (left) comes in with a challenge on PSG's Lavezzi during the French Cup . Monaco, who beat Arsenal 3-1 at the Emirates Stadium in their Champions League last 16 first leg last week, were never in contention and seemed short on ideas as they struggled for a foothold in the final 10 minutes. St Etienne reached the last four on Tuesday by beating third division Boulogne on penalties. Stade Brest take on Auxerre in an all Ligue 2 clash and amateurs Concarneau, who play in the fourth division, host Guingamp on Thursday. Monaco's Nigerian defender Elderson Echiejile (left) dribbles away from PSG defender Marquinhos (right) Following their 2-0 home win on Wednesday night, PSG are through to the semi-finals of the French Cup . | PSG defeated Monaco to reach the semi-finals of the French Cup . David Luiz gave PSG the lead in the third minute with a close-range header . Edinson Cavani slotted home a composed low finish in the second half . PSG travel to Chelsea in the Champions League's last 16 next week . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Jihadi John told MI5 he was a moderate Muslim as he desperately tried explain why he had been picked up in terror-plagued east Africa, new tapes reveal. Cage, the campaign group criticised for blamed the ISIS killer's actions on Britain, today released a recording of a 2009 interview they carried out with Mohammed Emwazi - unmasked as Jihadi John last week. In the recording, Emwazi tells how he was questioned by British security services after he was flown home from Tanzania suspected of trying to join Somali terror group al-Shabaab. The ISIS killer complained that he was being 'threatened' by MI5 and moaned that agents were 'putting words in his mouth'. Three years after his claims he wasn't an extremist, Emwazi appeared in Syria beheading Western hostages in ISIS videos. Mohammed Emwazi (pictured, left, in 2009 and, right, while a student University of Westminster) - known as Jihadi John - was recorded by campaign group Cage complaining about his treatment by MI5 in the years before he went to Syria to join terror group ISIS . In the new tapes, Emwazi said he spoke to an MI5 officer following his return from Tanzania and was questioned over his views on Islam and terrorism. In a recording released today, he told Cage: '[The MI5 agent] said: "Mohammed, what do you think of 7/7?" I said: "Innocent people have died."' He added: 'He started telling me: "What do you think of 9/11?" I told him: "This is a wrong thing. What happened was wrong. What do you want me to say?". 'If I had the opportunity for those lives to come back then I would make those lives come back. I don’t think... I think what happened is wrong.' But the MI5 agent did not believe his views were moderate and replied: 'I still believe you are going to Somalia to train.' Emwazi moaned: 'He said: 'We are going to keep a close eye on you, Mohammed. We already have been and we are going to keep a close eye on you' - threatening me.' Cage have released the tape as part of their widely-criticised claims that Emwazi was 'harassed' by security services. They were slammed after releasing a statement entitled 'Jihadi John: 'Radicalised' By Britain' last week and tried to blame authorities for his actions. Cage's statement claimed that Emwazi 'desperately wanted to use the system to change his situation, but the system ultimately rejected him'. The reported interview with MI5 took place after Emwazi was refused entry to Tanzania because authorities suspected he was trying to get to Somalia, where terrorist organisation al-Shabaab have been known to train British militants. In the recordings, Emwazi (pictured in the ISIS beheading videos which earned him the nickname 'Jihadi John') claims he condemned previous attacks such as 9/11 and 7/7 when he was questioned by an agent . The recordings were released by human rights group Cage, who have been widely criticised for trying to blame British authorities for Emwazi's actions . Lee Rigby's killer Michael Adebolajo was picked up by the SAS and MI5 in similar fashion as he tried to enter the east African country in November 2010. Extremist Samantha Lewthwaite - known as the 'White Widow' after her bomber husband Germaine Lindsay took part in the 7/7 London attacks - is also believed to be part of the al-Shabaab. The year after his recorded conversation with Cage, Emwazi contacted Mail on Sunday Security Editor Robert Verkaik in December 2010. He told Mr Verkaik he feared MI5 were following him and wrote in an email: 'Sometimes i feel like im a dead man walking, not fearing they may kill me.' Mr Verkaik recalled: 'Like many young Muslim men at the time who I had interviewed, he appeared to have a grievance against the police and MI5. But this man was different – in him was a warped sense of injustice that could never justify the barbaric acts of murder that he has gone on to carry out in Syria.' After foiled attempts to go to his father's home country, Kuwait, and to get a teaching job in Saudi Arabia, Emwazi slipped out of Britain and later appeared in Syria. He has since gained global notoriety as the masked killer of Western hostages including British aid workers Alan Henning and David Haines in ISIS beheading videos which have shocked the world. Emwazi was interviewed after he was picked up by authorities in Tanzania in 2009, suspected of trying to get into Somalia to join Islamist group al-Shabaab (pictured) Other British extremists have also been linked to al-Shabaab - including Lee Rigby killer Michael Adebolajo and 'White Widow' Samantha Lewthwaite . Cage has been widely criticised for its defence of Emwazi after he was unmasked as Jihadi John last week. Asim Qureshi, leader of campaign group, caused outrage by saying the murderer was 'beautiful' adding that he 'wouldn't hurt a fly'. Reg Henning, brother of British aid worker Alan Henning who died at Jihadi John's hands, replied saying: 'If he's a "beautiful, kind man", why is he killing innocent civilians? 'He's a monster. Everyone should be doing everything they can to capture him and bring him to justice - not stick up for him like he's been hard done by.' Amnesty International yesterday distanced itself from Cage, saying: 'We do not support all of Cage's views or agree with how it expresses them.' Charities who fund Cage are also under investigation by the Charity Commission, which said the group's public statement 'raises questions for a charity considering funding its activity. The moaning voice of Mohammed Emwazi in recordings of him complaining to Cage appears to sound different from that in the speeches against the West made by Jihadi John in ISIS's horrific beheading videos last year. The whining tone of Emwazi recorded in 2009 was more nasal and higher-pitched than the deeper voice that speaks over the gruesome films posted online from Syria. The difference suggests ISIS either used another militant to voice over the films or may have doctored or slowed down Emwazi's voice to make him appear more fearsome in the propaganda films. It would not be the first time the militant group have been suspected of digitally-enhancing videos to increase the appeal to their followers. A recent sickening film showing 21 Coptic Christians being beheaded on a beach in Libya is widely thought to have been photoshopped. Experts say the jihadists in the footage were altered to look much taller than their captives and a scene showing sea water stained with blood was created using special effects. Jihadi John in his own words: Full transcript of how Mohammed Emwazi tried to get off the hook amid suspicions he wanted to train with terrorists . Mohammed Emwazi went to campaign group Cage in 2009 after he was questioned by MI5 over his suspected links to terrorism. Describing the interview he said: '[The MI5 agent] said; "I want to ask you some serious questions now" and while I'm packing my bag, while I'm packing some of my stuff, I said yeah, go on, ask. 'He said: "No I'd like you to sit, face to face while I ask you some questions. 'I said, these must be some serious questions. let’s get down to it, I sat and looked at him face to face now. 'He looked at men and said Mohammed, what do you think about 7/7?" 'I said, innocent people have died. What do you think, I think this is extremism. Emwazi said he was asked on his views of the 7/7 bombings when interview and told them they were 'wrong' 'He said: "Ok, what do you think of the war in Afghanistan?" 'I said what do I think, we see the news. Innocent people are getting killed. 'And he starts telling me what do you think about 9/11?" 'I told him this is a wrong thing, what happened was wrong. what do you want me to say? 'If I had an opportunity for those brother's lives to come back then I'd make those lives come back. I would. It was wrong. 'He said "what do I think of Jews?" They're a religion. Everyone has a right to their own beliefs. I don't force no-one. 'He wanted to know about my background, about my creed. 'I told him this is how Islam is, we don't force anyone to come into our religion. Everyone has their own right. He is said to have been questioned by intelligence officers at Amsterdam's Schiphol Airport, where he was flown after being refused entry to Tanzania . 'I told him everything that was happened, all bombs or whatever that happened was from extremists. 'After all this he came back and looked at me and said I still think you're going to Somalia to train. 'I said after what I just told you, after I told you that what happening is extremism you're still suggesting I'm an extremist? 'He said yeah and started going on, trying to put words in my mouth. 'And we're going to keep a close eye on you Mohammed, we already have been, and we're going to keep a close eye on you. threatening me.' | Campaign group release recording of Mohammed Emwazi speaking in 2009 . In the tapes, he claimed he told MI5 he was not an extremist . He was questioned by security services after he was picked up in Tanzania and accused of trying to get to terrorist hotbed Somalia . Three years after the questioning, Emwazi became 'Jihadi John' and appeared in beheading videos made by ISIS in Syria . AUDIO - Hear Jihadi John speak about his questioning by MI5 below . |
Which famous musicians played a Fender Stratocaster? | A–E
Billie Joe Armstrong (born 1972), lead singer and guitarist of Green Day, uses a heavily stickered Fernandes Stratocaster copy nicknamed "Blue". Armstrong modified this guitar with a Bill Lawrence humbucking pickup on the bridge position. After sustaining damage from mud during their performance in Woodstock '94, the bridge pickup was replaced with a Seymour Duncan JB. Blue was used on the recording of every Green Day album until Warning, and during live performances of Green Day's early work, such as their songs from Dookie. Armstrong also used a Fender Stratocaster from the Fender Custom Shop while recording Nimrod.
Randy Bachman (born 1943), a founding member of both The Guess Who and Bachman–Turner Overdrive (BTO) who recently fronted the project "Randy Bachman's Jazz Thing." After a visit to a chiropractor, Bachman was persuaded to switch from a Gibson Les Paul to a lighter Stratocaster. He modified the pickups on his first Strat, putting a Gibson pickup at the neck and a Telecaster pickup at the bridge, while leaving the Stratocaster pickup in the middle. Randy favored Stratocasters and custom Strat-style guitars throughout his years with BTO. Though his bands are mostly known for their simplistic rock-radio anthems, Bachman's soloing often revealed complex melodies and jazz-inflected phrasing. Among his Stratocasters used are a '63 standard and a '71 four-bolt hardtail. He has listed guitar influences as varied as Lenny Breau, Leslie West, Wes Montgomery and Hank Marvin.
Jeff Beck in Amsterdam, 1979.
Jeff Beck (born 1944-2023) - a Grammy award-winning rock guitarist, Beck was known for playing for various bands such as the Yardbirds and his own group The Jeff Beck Group. Beck primarily played a Stratocaster and also has a signature Strat. He was noted for his innovative use of the Stratocaster's vibrato system. Up to 1975 Beck had been, primarily, a Les Paul player. In an interview with Jas Obrecht about switching to the Stratocaster, Beck stated, "With a Les Paul you just wind up sounding like someone else. With the Strat I finally sound like me."
Adrian Belew (born 1949), is an American guitarist, singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and record producer. He is perhaps best known for his work as a member of the progressive rock group King Crimson. He has also worked extensively as a session and touring musician, most famously with Talking Heads, David Bowie, Frank Zappa, and Nine Inch Nails. During much of his career, Belew made extensive use of a weathered-looking Stratocaster, later memorialized in song as "The Battered Strat." This guitar was relic'ed by Seymour Duncan.
Ritchie Blackmore in 1977.
Ritchie Blackmore (born 1945), a founding member of both Deep Purple and Rainbow, and currently a member of the band Blackmore's Night. After starting his career using various Höfner and Gibson guitars, Blackmore switched to a Stratocaster in the late 1960s after seeing Jimi Hendrix perform with one. Blackmore's Stratocasters are modified; the middle pickup is lowered and not used (sometimes disconnected completely) and his Stratocaster fingerboards are all scalloped from the 10th fret up. Through the early/mid 1970s Blackmore was notorious for onstage abuse of his guitars, sometimes destroying them completely. By the late 1970s the guitarist had found a Stratocaster model he was content with and it remained his main stage and studio guitar up until it had to be refretted.
Tommy Bolin (1951-1976), a versatile guitarist who is noted for his influence in genres ranging from acoustic blues to hard rock and jazz fusion. He was the lead guitarist for Zephyr, James Gang and Deep Purple. He also had a successful solo career, and collaborated with artists like Billy Cobham, Alphonse Mouzon and The Good Rats. Bolin played by ear and was known for his improvisational skill. His primary guitar was a stock 1963 Stratocaster.
Joe Bonamassa in 2016.
Joe Bonamassa (born 1977), a blues rock guitarist, has used Stratocasters throughout his career. When he was 12 years old, Bonamassa played a crimson 1972 Fender Stratocaster. Bonamassa is known for his extensive collection of vintage amplifiers and guitars. In 2018, Bonamassa has said that he has more than 1000 guitars, a large fraction of which are Fender Stratocasters.
Bill Carson (1926–2007), a country and western guitarist credited by Fender as "the man for whom the Stratocaster was designed."
Eric Clapton (born 1945), an English rock guitarist, originally played Gibson guitars early in his career. While he was still a member of Cream, Clapton bought his first Stratocaster, Brownie, in 1969, which was later used on "Layla". Blackie, a composite of three different guitars, went into service in 1970 and was regularly played until its retirement in 1985. It was sold at charity auction for $959,500 in 2004. In 1988, Fender introduced the Eric Clapton Stratocaster, the first model in their Signature series. Clapton has been a long-standing client of the Fender Custom Shop.[citation needed]
Kurt Cobain (1967–1994), lead singer and guitarist of grunge band Nirvana, used Fender Stratocasters throughout his career, using the guitar in the music video for "Smells Like Teen Spirit" and in the band's famous performance at the 1992 Reading Festival. Cobain's most well-known Stratocaster has a sticker on the body with the text "VANDALISM: BEAUTIFUL AS A ROCK IN A COP'S FACE."
Eric Clapton in a Switzerland concert on June 19, 1977.
Ry Cooder (born 1947), a guitarist, singer and composer who is well known for his interest in American folk music, his collaborations with other notable musicians, and his work on many film soundtracks. Cooder's bottleneck slide guitar playing, heard on such works as the soundtrack to the 1984 film Paris, Texas, influenced other guitarists such as Bonnie Raitt and Chris Rea and contributed to the popularity of the Stratocaster as a slide guitar. He uses a '60s Stratocaster for such playing.
Robert Cray (born 1953), a long-time blues guitarist and singer, Cray plays a '64 Strat and had his own Signature model made in 1990. The signature model, manufactured by the Fender Custom Shop, combines aspects of Cray's '59 Strat and the '64, omits the standard Stratocaster whammy bar, and includes custom pickups.
Dick Dale (1937–2019), considered a pioneer of surf rock, was one of the first owners of a Stratocaster; his was given to him personally by Leo Fender in 1955. He has been revolutionary in experimenting with the sound of the guitar by using heavy reverb and a unique fast-picking style as heard on "Misirlou".
The Edge (born 1961), lead guitarist of U2, known for his percussive, melodic playing and use of delay, has used the Stratocaster as one of his main guitars throughout his career.
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John Frusciante in 2006.
John Frusciante (born 1970), the current guitarist of Red Hot Chili Peppers, Frusciante used many pre-70s Strats, with the most notable being his worn 1962 Stratocaster. Frusciante used Stratocasters in every Red Hot Chili Peppers album he was involved with, including Mother's Milk, Blood Sugar Sex Magik,and Californication.
Rory Gallagher in 1987
Rory Gallagher (1948–1995), an Irish blues rock guitarist, often credited as one of the most influential rock and blues guitarists of all time. Gallagher is well known for his worn 1961 sunburst Stratocaster. He described his battered Stratocaster as "a part of my psychic makeup". When asked about its importance, Gallagher said, "B.B. King has owned over 100 Lucilles, but I only own one Strat, and it hasn't got a name." Gallagher's Stratocaster has also been reproduced by the Fender Custom shop, to the exact specs of the original one.
Lowell George (1945–1979), primary guitarist and singer of Little Feat. Lowell was proficient on slide guitar employing his trademark tone which he achieved through use of compression and open tunings helping to define his soulful sound as well as giving him the means to play his extended melodic lines. Additionally, he used to swap the bridge pickups of his Stratocasters for Telecaster bridge pickups.
David Gilmour in 2006.
David Gilmour (born 1946), as a solo artist and guitar player for Pink Floyd, Gilmour is credited for his unique, blues-based compositional approach and expressive soloing. Author Tony Bacon stated "his solo on 'Comfortably Numb' remains for many a definitive Strat moment." Gilmour's guitar of choice is a custom modified Fender Stratocaster. He is the owner of Strat #0001, which was manufactured in 1954 but was not the first Stratocaster made since Fender does not use sequential serial numbers. Gilmour is considered to be one of the more influential Stratocaster players since the instrument's invention. David's signature black Stratocaster, used frequently in 1970s concerts and on the blockbuster albums The Dark Side of the Moon, Wish You Were Here, Animals and The Wall, is featured in a recent book by his long-time guitar tech Phil Taylor, titled Pink Floyd, The Black Strat—A History of David Gilmour's Black Stratocaster. The "Black Strat" was retired in the 1980s in favour of a Candy Apple Red American Vintage Stratocaster fitted with EMG noiseless single-coil pickups as seen on the Delicate Sound of Thunder and Pulse tours. The Black Strat was briefly used on the documentary Classic Albums: Dark Side of the Moon before being put on display at the Hard Rock Cafe in Miami, Florida. It was finally brought out of retirement by David in 2005 and fitted with a '83 Fender Stratocaster neck for the Pink Floyd reunion at the Live 8 concert. David subsequently used it again for his "On An Island" album and tour in 2006 and when he played "Comfortably Numb" with Roger Waters on his tour of "The Wall" on May 12, 2011, in London and also played most of the leads on the final Pink Floyd album The Endless River and his 2015 solo album Rattle That Lock and its tour.
Buddy Guy in 1992.
Buddy Guy (born 1936), an American blues guitarist and singer, Guy is well known for playing the Stratocaster throughout his long career. He is also known for his wild showmanship; Jimi Hendrix and Stevie Ray Vaughan both pointed to Guy as an influence on both their playing and their stage shows. Fender has issued several different variations of a Buddy Guy Signature Stratocaster since the early 1990s; the guitars generally have gold Lace Sensor pickups and modified circuitry.
Albert Hammond Jr. (born 1980), guitarist for The Strokes, uses a white Fender Stratocaster as his main guitar for recording and live use. Hammond bought the guitar in 1999 for $400, and used it to record albums such as Is This It and Room on Fire. In 2018, Fender released a signature model of Hammond's guitar, featuring a larger headstock and a modified pickup wiring scheme.
George Harrison (1943–2001), lead guitarist for the Beatles. Harrison and John Lennon obtained matching Sonic Blue Stratocasters in 1965. Unlike Lennon, Harrison employed his Stratocaster more often, using it as his main guitar during the recording sessions for Rubber Soul, Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, and the White Album. In 1967, Harrison hand-painted his Stratocaster with a psychedelic paint job, using Day-Glo paint on the body and his wife Pattie Boyd's nail polish on the headstock. The guitar's nickname, "Rocky", is painted on the headstock. Harrison can be seen playing Rocky in the Magical Mystery Tour film as well as The Concert for Bangla Desh.
Jimi Hendrix in 1967.
Jimi Hendrix (1942–1970), known for developing blues in a modern context, Hendrix's main stage guitar through most of his short career was a Fender Stratocaster. Although Hendrix played left-handed, he played a conventional right-handed Stratocaster flipped upside down, because he preferred to have the control knobs in the top position. Hendrix was responsible for a large increase in the Stratocaster's popularity during his career. In reference to his famed on-stage Stratocaster burning on the Monterey Pop Festival, Hendrix is quoted as saying, "The time I burned my guitar it was like a sacrifice. You sacrifice the things you love. I love my guitar." In 1990, the white Stratocaster used by Hendrix at the 1969 Woodstock Festival sold in a Sotheby's auction for $270,000, a record price at the time. In 1997 Fender produced a limited edition Hendrix tribute model Stratocaster.
Buddy Holly (1936–1959), identified as "the first Strat hero." A statue of Holly in his home town of Lubbock, Texas, portrays him playing his Stratocaster, and the guitar is also engraved on his tombstone. Although the initial release of the Stratocaster came in 1954, the guitar did not begin to achieve popularity until Holly appeared on The Ed Sullivan Show in 1957 playing a maple-neck Strat. Holly was also pictured on the cover of The Crickets' 1957 album The "Chirping" Crickets with a sunburst Stratocaster, inspiring The Shadows' Hank Marvin to adopt the guitar.
Ernie Isley (born 1952), member of the American musical ensemble The Isley Brothers has developed three custom Zeal Stratocasters from Fender Custom Shop, using his personal design.
Eric Johnson (born 1954), a Grammy Award-winning guitarist from Austin, Texas, Johnson has played Stratocasters regularly during his career and has played many different types of music. He has participated in developing an Eric Johnson signature Stratocaster model with Fender, which can be bought with both maple and rosewood necks.
K–P
Mark Knopfler in a Hamburg concert on May 28, 2006
Rocky Kramer performing live in 2018
Yngwie Malmsteen in Barcelona in 2008 concert
Ed King (1949–2018) is known for his work with the southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd from 1972 to 1975. He used a 1959 model with a black refinish and tortoise pickguard for most recordings and live performances at that time, and also a 1973 model which he used when writing the hit "Sweet Home Alabama".
Mark Knopfler (born 1949), known for his work with British rock band Dire Straits. Knopfler is known for his very particular and unique fingerstyle playing. The song "Sultans of Swing", from Dire Straits' debut album in 1978, was a huge hit that showed the characteristic tone and technique displayed on Knopfler's red Stratocaster. He used the Fender Stratocaster throughout his entire career, as a member of Dire Straits and his solo career. Fender now produces his Signature Stratocaster.
Greg Koch (born 1966), known for his incendiary guitar work. Koch was a Fender clinician and ambassador. He played the Stratocaster for many years and even recorded an album called Strat's Got Your Tongue. He is known for his love of Fender guitars.
Rocky Kramer (born 1990) is known for being a Norwegian "Master Guitarist," now living in the United States. Kramer has been described as a guitar virtuoso "setting fire to the atmosphere with incandescent licks," as well as "ne of the strongest and most poignant guitarists since Hendrix." Kramer plays and endorses Fender Stratocaster guitars.
Bruce Kulick (born 1953), long-time member and lead guitarist of Kiss and Grand Funk Railroad. Kulick stated on his personal website that he used a Fender Power Stratocaster, a model with a humbucking pickup in place of the single-coil bridge pickup, to add a harmony solo line to his song, "What Love's All About." Kulick used a 1989 yellow Fender Strat Plus, during the recording of the 1992 Kiss Revenge album, including for the hit single, "God Gave Rock 'n Roll to You II." Revenge reached the Top 20 in several countries.
Michael Landau (born 1958), friend of Steve Lukather and prolific session guitarist of the 1980s, has used many Stratocasters in his career and is working with Fender as of 2016 to create a Michael Landau Signature Stratocaster.
John Lennon (1940–1980), the Beatles' rhythm guitarist, acquired matching Stratocasters with bandmate George Harrison during the 1965 sessions for Help!. However, Lennon rarely used his Stratocaster, which was notably played on "Nowhere Man" and during the Sgt. Pepper sessions. A different Strat was used on the Imagine album. John Lennon acquired a candy apple red "Strat" with 22 carat gold electroplated brass hardware around 1980. A photo of him playing this guitar in bed one morning in late 1980, shortly before his death, was used an inner sleeve of the album The John Lennon Collection.
Alex Lifeson (born 1953), the guitarist for Rush since 1968, first recorded with a black Stratocaster on the Rush 1977 album A Farewell to Kings. In 1979, he modified the '77 Strat with a '57 classic humbucker, a Floyd Rose tremolo unit (first ever made), a Gibson toggle switch on the lower bout, and rewired with master volume/tone. He used that same guitar for the leads and direct recording for 1979's "Permanent Waves." In late 1980, Alex Lifeson acquired two more Strats in red and white, modifying them exactly the same as the former.
Yngwie Malmsteen (born 1963), known for his work in the neo-classical metal genre. Influenced by an array of musicians, Malmsteen is regarded as highly influential for his use of heavy classical-style chord progressions, interesting phrases and arpeggio sweeps. He is known for playing Stratocasters with scalloped fretboards.
Hank Marvin (born 1941), the lead guitarist of The Shadows, Marvin is reputed to be the owner of the first Fender Stratocaster in the UK (given to him by Cliff Richard). The guitar was finished in a shade of Fiesta Red, sometimes referred to as 'Salmon Pink'. This guitar, with its tremolo arm, contributed to the Shadows' distinctive sound. Guitarists such as David Gilmour and Mark Knopfler credit Marvin and The Shadows, who had "the first Strat that came to England", with influencing their own decisions to buy Stratocasters.
John Mayer (born 1977), a Grammy Award-winning singer/songwriter, has played Stratocasters throughout his career and has had a Fender Artist Series Stratocaster made in both standard and limited edition form. Mayer's use of the Stratocaster in a wide range of musical genres is noted as a testament to the guitar's versatility. After tensions with Fender, he partnered with PRS Guitars to develop the PRS Silver Sky, a guitar heavily based on the Fender Stratocaster.
Mike Oldfield (born 1953), a British guitarist who plays a wide range of guitars and instruments. His "Salmon-pink" strat, bought at the time of his hit Moonlight Shadow, is his favorite guitar.
Q–Z
Stevie Ray Vaughan performing in 1983
Trevor Rabin (born 1954), a South African (now has American citizenship) rock guitarist and film score composer. Most well known for his time with Yes (1982-1995; 2015–present), Rabin owns and plays several Stratocasters, and considers it his go-to instrument.
Bonnie Raitt (born 1949), an American blues/R&B guitarist, singer, and songwriter, plays a 1965 Stratocaster nicknamed brownie, a 1963 sunburst Strat that used to be owned by Robin Trower as well as her signature Strat.
Robbie Robertson (born 1943), guitarist and principal songwriter for The Band. Robertson's main guitar choice was a Stratocaster, despite using a Telecaster early in his career. For The Last Waltz Robertson had a Stratocaster bronzed especially for his use in the film. More recently Robertson made a very rare live appearance at Eric Clapton's 2007 Crossroads Guitar Festival using a Stratocaster.
Nile Rodgers (born 1952), an American musician known for his contributions with Chic and unique playing style that makes extensive use of the chop chord, has a 1960 Stratocaster affectionately dubbed as "The Hitmaker" for its presence on many hit singles.
Kenny Wayne Shepherd (born 1977 Kenneth Wayne Brobst), lead guitarist and lead/backup vocalist for The Kenny Wayne Shepherd Band. Born in Shreveport, Louisiana, Kenny started his playing career at age 16, while attending Caddo Magnet High School, and has performed internationally with many of the great blues legends.
Richard Thompson (born 1949), an English musician best known for his finger-style guitar playing and songwriting, was a founding member of Fairport Convention before becoming a solo artist. For many years Thompson played a '59 Sunburst Stratocaster, with a maple '55 neck. That guitar is currently unserviceable and Thompson now uses a '64 sunburst Stratocaster with a rosewood fingerboard.
Pete Townshend (born 1945), the guitarist for The Who, used a Fender Stratocaster during the recording sessions for "I Can See for Miles" and The Who Sell Out. During the Monterey Pop Festival in 1967, Townshend smashed a Stratocaster after the Who's set, which was immediately followed by the Jimi Hendrix Experience's performance where Hendrix also destroys a Stratocaster. Townshend has exclusively used a modified version of the Fender Eric Clapton's Signature Stratocaster since 1989.
Robin Trower (born 1945), a British rock guitarist known for his work in the band Procol Harum and his successful solo career, has his own Signature Stratocaster made by Fender. "The sight of him onstage with his signature Stratocaster is as characteristic to his fans as his classic songs."
Ike Turner in 1997.
Ike Turner (1931-2007), an American guitarist, musician, songwriter and record producer known for his work with the Ike & Tina Turner Revue and the Kings of Rhythm. Turner was an early adopter of the Stratocaster, buying one on its release in 1954. Unaware that the guitar's tremolo arm could be used to subtle effect, Turner used it to play screaming, swooping and diving solos. Turner explained his technique by saying: "I thought it was to make the guitar scream—people got so excited when I used that thing." Turner was also known to play Telecasters and Jaguars. In 2004 Fender Custom Shop produced an Ike Turner Signature Stratocaster, limited to 100.
Ritchie Valens (1941–1959), a pioneer of rock and roll mostly famous for his Latin Rock song "La Bamba", played with a sunburst Strat.
Eddie Van Halen (1955–2020), guitarist of hard rock band Van Halen, is notable for his "Frankenstrat", a crudely modified Stratocaster copy with the single-coil bridge pickup replaced with a PAF humbucker. This modification made the Frankenstrat one of the earliest Superstrats, which are guitars with a Stratocaster body but different features. A replica of his guitar is located in the National Museum of American History part of the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.
Stevie Ray Vaughan (1954–1990), known for his Texas blues style guitar playing, was an American blues guitarist who is considered highly influential for his driving guitar style soaked with rhythmic style playing. Vaughan was noted for playing a Stratocaster equipped with a left-handed vibrato system. He was also known for tuning his guitar down a half-step and using heavy .13 gauge strings.
Cory Wong (born 1985/86), rhythm guitarist for Vulfpeck, and known for his clean funk 'lead rhythm' guitar style, used Stratocasters throughout his career. In 2021, Fender released the Cory Wong Signature Stratocaster. A unique feature of this model is the 'fourth position panic button', which uses one of the tone controls to "lock" the guitar in fourth position, and disables the selector switch.
Ronnie Wood (born 1947), guitarist playing with the Rolling Stones since 1975. Wood's main stage instruments are 1954 and 1955 Sunburst Strats. He also uses a 52 Telecaster.
James "J.Y." Young (born 1949), guitarist of multi-platinum rock band Styx, has been using a Stratocaster as his principal guitar almost exclusively since 1967. | There are few guitars as iconic as the Fender Stratocaster. This guitar was originally developed in the early 1950's and has taken the world by storm. To name a few very notable Stratocaster players the list would have to include Jimi Hendrix, Stevie Ray Vaughn, Eric Clapton, John Mayer, Yngwie Malmsteen, Buddy Guy and John Frusciante. As you can see this list spans many genres and speaks to the flexibility of this instrument. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)About to have a baby? Congratulations! Now, please keep your feet on the ground. A passenger on a US Airways flight from Philadelphia to Charlotte, North Carolina, had to make a stop in Greensboro when she went into labor on Tuesday, according to CNN affiliate WXII. Thankfully, the baby, named Nylah, waited until her mother had landed to arrive on airport property. Mother and child were later transported to Women's Hospital in Greensboro, where the hospital said both were doing well. The flight took off for Charlotte after the woman left the aircraft. There have been a couple of airline-related births recently. A child was born on Southwest Airlines Flight 623 shortly after takeoff on December 9. The aircraft departed from San Francisco bound for Phoenix but diverted to Los Angeles International Airport. A nurse and doctor on board assisted with the delivery. On December 31, Delta Air Lines Flight 2566 from San Francisco to Minneapolis was diverted to Salt Lake City when a passenger went into labor during the flight. The woman was taken by the local fire department to the University of Utah Hospital, where she gave birth to a boy. US Airways requires passengers with a due date within seven days of flight to provide a doctor's certificate, dated within 72 hours of departure, "stating that he or she has examined you and determined that you are fit to fly." If the mother on Tuesday's flight had been flying American Airlines, which owns US Airways, she might not have been able to travel. American hasn't created a single policy for both brands, and its policy is more restrictive. A medical certificate is required for travelers wishing to fly within four weeks of their delivery dates "in a normal, uncomplicated pregnancy," according to the airline's website. She couldn't travel on domestic American flights of less than five hours within seven days before and after a the delivery date without a medical certificate and permission from the airline. Delta Air Lines doesn't restrict pregnant women from flying, but the airline doesn't waive ticket change fees and penalties for pregnancy. It recommends that pregnant travelers check with their doctors after the eighth month of pregnancy. Southwest Airlines recommends that female travelers consult with their doctors before traveling at any stage of pregnancy and warns specifically against air travel beginning at the 38th week of pregnancy. Southwest goes into even more detail. "While air travel does not usually cause problems during pregnancy unless delivery is expected within 14 days or less, in some cases, traveling by air has been known to cause complications or premature labor. "Depending on their physical condition, strength, and agility, pregnant women may, in some cases, be asked not to sit in the emergency exit row." | A US Airways flight diverts to Greensboro for a passenger in labor . The flight was originally from Philadelphia to Charlotte, North Carolina . Mother and daughter are doing well in a Greensboro hospital . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | A couple that made headlines around the world when their baby son allegedly spontaneously burst into flames four times are back in the news after their second newborn baby son also caught fire. In the first incident in 2013 the couple's first baby, Rahul, ended up in the intensive care ward at a hospital in south-eastern India's Viluppuram District, in the Tamil Nadu State, after neighbours had heard him screaming, and rushed into the house from outside to discover the child on fire in his cot. His mother, who was working in the fields, took him to hospital and since then he has caught fire another three times, she claimed. Indian mother Rajeshwari Karnan claimed that her 10-day-old baby son (pictured) spontaneously combusted . Medics at the Government Kilpauk Hospital said that the boy had about 10 per cent burn damage to his feet . One of the first serious accounts of it appeared in the august journal Philosophical Transactions Of The Royal Society in 1745, which recorded how a 62-year-old Italian countess had gone to bed one night feeling ‘dull and heavy’. The next morning, all that was found in her bedroom was a pile of ash and her legs. Many other cases followed, and by 1806, one scientist thought he had the answer. In An Essay On The Combustion Of Humans, Pierre Lair suggested that the problem was the demon drink, and he subtitled his article, Products Of The Abuse Of Spirituous Liquors. The explanation that alcohol was to blame quickly caught on, especially among moralists who were against the hard stuff. In 1832, a popular Victorian magazine claimed all those who suddenly burst into flames were ‘habitually drunken’. The notion was so widespread that when Charles Dickens included an episode of spontaneous human combustion in his 1852 novel Bleak House, the victim — the villainous Mr Krook — was said to be ‘continual in liquor’. British research biologist Brian J. Ford argued in two articles, one of which appeared in the New Scientist, that spontaneous human combustion may be caused by a chemical called acetone that is produced naturally in the body, the chemical often used as a solvent in nail-varnish removers. In healthy humans, acetone is normally disposed of through urine, but when people suffer from certain illnesses, acetone levels can build up in the body, and can even be smelled on the breath. On the website Mumsnet, one poster wrote that her young daughter had 'acetone breath', and that 'apparently children have higher than normal acetone levels'. Professor Ford has noted that many of the people who have combusted spontaneously were unwell at the time, and as a result, may have developed a condition called ketosis, in which acetone in the body increases. Ketosis can have a range of causes, including alcoholism, diabetes, a high-fat diet, and even, in babies, teething. Furthermore, acetone infuses itself well into human fat. And it is also extremely flammable. Unable to find a human volunteer to test his theory that a build-up of acetone causes spontaneous human combustion, Professor Ford made a model from pieces of pork - the animal flesh that most closely approximates ours. The 'pork puppet' was marinated in acetone, dressed in clothes, and placed in a chair. Professor Ford then held up a gas lighter, and the result was dramatic. The 'body' burst into a fireball, and in under an hour, it had been completely consumed by flames. In fact, the acetone was so volatile, that even just a static spark from synthetic fabrics could have caused the conflagration. All that was left - as is so often the case with spontaneous human combustion - were the legs, which Professor Ford suggests remain unburned because there is not enough fat in that part of the body to store the flammable acetone. For a year-and-a-half, however, there have been no more incidents, until now, after the same problem returned to affect his newborn brother. The child, not named, was rushed into the Government Kilpauk Hospital by his mother, Rajeshwari Karnan, who claimed that her son's feet had spontaneously combusted while she was in the bath and that she had managed to beat out the flames before rushing him to hospital. Medics said that the boy had about 10 per cent burn damage to his feet in an incident that happened when he was 10-days-old. Rajeswari said she had heard him screaming and found his feet on fire in a repeat incident that mirrored the 'spontaneous combustion' of his older brother. After over a month in neonatal intensive care unit, the burns have healed and the baby is now fit for discharge, according to hospital dean Narayana Babu. However, social workers are now looking at the issue of whether it is safe to release the child back to his parents. He said: 'All tests reveal he is completely normal, and the parents too, went through psychiatric counselling and were found to be normal.' However medics are still reluctant to hand the child over for fears that one of the parents, they suspect the mother, is suffering from the Munchausen by proxy syndrome in which a parent seeks to harm their child in order to get attention. Child psychiatrist Shiva Prakash Srinivasan told local media: 'This need for attention is fulfilled by bringing the child into a hospital with a medical condition, and getting attention, and in this case with worldwide headlines there was certainly a lot of attention.' Spokesperson for Tulir - the Centre for the Prevention and Healing of Child Sexual Abuse - Vidya Reddy said: 'From all that I have read, it definitely seems like the mother has this syndrome. It is vital that she be assessed appropriately and helped as soon as possible. Also, the child protection systems in the state must intervene in this case immediately.' Rajeshwari, 25, said the suggestion that she had caused the fire that damaged her two sons was ludicrous. She said that she and her husband Karnan Perumal, 28, had been the only ones around each time the incident happened but it was ridiculous to suggest either of them were to blame. At the time speculation had circulated around the world that baby Rahul was a victim of spontaneous human combustion. The couple also have an older daughter, Narmatha, who has not yet been a victim of the condition. Medics who suspect the mother is to blame for the incidents pointed out that the phenomenon has never been proven to exist, given the large amount of water the average human body contains. Crematoriums use at least 30 cubic metres of gas, along with 600 cubic metres of pre-heated air, to incinerate a corpse. However British research biologist Brian J. Ford argued in two articles, one of which appeared in the New Scientist, that spontaneous human combustion may be caused by a chemical called acetone that is produced naturally in the body, the chemical often used as a solvent in nail-varnish removers. In healthy humans, acetone is normally disposed of through urine, but when people suffer from certain illnesses, acetone levels can build up in the body, and can even be smelled on the breath. On the website Mumsnet, one poster wrote that her young daughter had 'acetone breath', and that 'apparently children have higher than normal acetone levels'. Professor Ford has noted that many of the people who have combusted spontaneously were unwell at the time, and as a result, may have developed a condition called ketosis, in which acetone in the body increases. Rajeshwari Karnan (pictured) has dismissed claims that she is attention-seeking by harming her babies . Ketosis can have a range of causes, including alcoholism, diabetes, a high-fat diet, and even, in babies, teething. Furthermore, acetone infuses itself well into human fat. And it is also extremely flammable. Unable to find a human volunteer to test his theory that a build-up of acetone causes spontaneous human combustion, Professor Ford made a model from pieces of pork - the animal flesh that most closely approximates ours. The 'pork puppet' was marinated in acetone, dressed in clothes, and placed in a chair. Professor Ford then held up a gas lighter, and the result was dramatic. The 'body' burst into a fireball, and in under an hour, it had been completely consumed by flames. In fact, the acetone was so volatile, that even just a static spark from synthetic fabrics could have caused the conflagration. All that was left - as is so often the case with spontaneous human combustion - were the legs, which Professor Ford suggests remain unburned because there is not enough fat in that part of the body to store the flammable acetone. In the case of baby Rahul, doctors found average levels of acetone. But many believed the parents and a large amount of money was raised to help them after they were forced out of their village with locals fearing that the baby might start a major fire. They were even bought a new house with the money and sceptics say the family are clearly looking for another handout by producing a second burning baby. | Ten-day-old baby was rushed to Government Kilpauk Hospital in India . Medics there found that he had 10 per cent burns on his feet . Mum Rajeshwari Karnan claimed that he had 'spontaneously combusted' Doctors believe that she may have an attention-seeking syndrome . She claimed in 2013 that her first baby son, Rahul, caught fire by himself . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Lionel Messi just keeps on finding new ways to stake his claim for status of greatest player ever. He's done the two-goal games, the three-goal games, even the four-goal games; throughout Spain on Thursday he was being hailed for a game he didn't even score in. The victory over Manchester City was being seen as the most one-side 1-0 in the history of 1-0 wins and the man who set up the winner was given Man of the Match in all the reports of Barcelona’s passage to the last eight. It was a game in which, for once, he had broken no records…only Manchester City's spirit, with a mesmerising display that left them doubting if they were worthy of being on the same pitch as him. Lionel Messi joins in the celebrations with Ivan Rakitic and Luis Suarez after the first-half goal . Messi taunts the Man City defence on the edge of the penalty area during a classy performance . Messi delivered a man of the match performance as he ran the City defence ragged at the Nou Camp . Spanish paper Mundo Deportivo hailed the 'Fantasic' Lionel Messi after his 'masterclass' against Manchester City that included 'nutmegs, dribbles and an assist', while he also featured on the front cover of Sport . Messi does that to opponents, not just bamboozling them with skill but undermining any confidence they may have that they can live with him. 'The best I've ever seen' said Javier Mascherano and Jordi Alba called it ‘another recital’ but in truth players don’t like what’s known as ‘the Messi question’ because whatever answer they give is going to be inadequate alongside the man they are trying to describe. ‘I'm just glad he plays for us said Luis Enrique'. The two nutmegs – one on Fernandinho and one on James Milner – reminded many of something the coach said before he managed Barcelona. He said that Messi stands out from the rest not because he necessarily does anything different to other players, but that he does it in big games against big name rivals. All footballers grow up being able to belittle far inferior rivals – they do it on the school playground against other kids first, then in youth academies against youngsters with less talent, and then eventually in training as senior professionals against the reserve-team centre-backs. But Messi, in contrast, does it against internationals in big matches all the time. James Milner approaches Barcelona star Lionel Messi during their Champions League tie on Wednesday . Messi slips the ball through Manchester City midfielder Milner's legs at the Nou Camp . It’s easy to laugh at his Manchester City victims but they are just two more of a long line as Messi takes playground football on to the big stage and runs rings around everybody just as in those grainy videos of him aged six and seven playing Baby-Football in Argentina. It was fitting that Pep Guardiola was looking on on Wednesday night. The Bayern Munich coach was there with a view to scouting potential quarter-final opponents. It was Guardiola who transformed Messi from a wide attacker in Barca's front three to a deep-lying attacker – the famous false nine. Anyone who thought that would be the last Messi innovation was wrong – who knows where the Argentine was playing last night? He now has complete freedom to go where he wants on the pitch and spends large chunks of games with a deep right-sided midfield spot as his starting position. That was where he found himself when he seemed to draw the entire Manchester City side to him in the first half, just before he released Ivan Rakitic for the goal that won the game on the night for Barcelona. Milner slides as Messi nutmegs him and goes the opposite way during their Champions League match . Former Barcelona manager Pep Guardiola reacts to the nutmeg in the stands at the Nou Camp . Bayern Munich manager Guardiola reacts to the ridiculous skill from Messi during the Barca match . The new ‘more roving than ever’ role even begs the question is it time for coaches to start trying to man-mark him? That in turn begs another question – would he have been so good in the age of cynical man-marking that allowed hatchet-men to scythe down great players without punishment? That variable always needs to be factored-in to comparisons between him and Diego Maradona. On Thursday in Barcelona the over-riding sentiment was: It’s good that football is not like that anymore, and we can enjoy Messi the magician to the absolute maximum. | Lionel Messi was man of the match against Manchester City on Wednesday . Messi did not score but he brilliantly set up Ivan Rakitic's winning goal . Argentina international produced a performance to break City's spirit . Former Barcelona manager Pep Guardiola watched from the stands . Messi now has the freedom to play anywhere he wants in the Barca team . |
List the territories ceded by Turkey as part of the treaty of Lausanne. | The treaty delimited the boundaries of Greece, Bulgaria, and Turkey. Specifically, the treaty provisioned that all the islands, islets and other territories in the Aegean Sea (Eastern Mediterranean in the original text) beyond three miles from the Turkish shores were ceded to Greece, with the exception of Imbros, Tenedos and Rabbit islands (Articles 6 and 12). There is a special notation in both articles, that, unless it is explicitly stated otherwise, the Turkish sovereignty extends three miles from Asia Minor shores. The Greek population of Imbros and Tenedos was not included in the population exchange and would be protected under the stipulations of the protection of the minorities in Turkey (Article 38).
The major issue of the war reparations, demanded from Greece by Turkey, was abandoned after Greece agreed to cede Karaağaç to Turkey.
Turkey also formally ceded all claims on the Dodecanese Islands (Article 15); Cyprus (Article 20); Egypt and Sudan (Article 17); Syria and Iraq (Article 3); and (along with the Treaty of Ankara) settled the boundaries of the latter two nations.
The territories to the south of Syria and Iraq on the Arabian Peninsula, which still remained under Turkish control when the Armistice of Mudros was signed on 30 October 1918, were not explicitly identified in the text of the treaty. However, the definition of Turkey's southern border in Article 3 also meant that Turkey officially ceded them. These territories included the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen, Asir and parts of Hejaz like the city of Medina. They were held by Turkish forces until 23 January 1919.
By Articles 25 and 26 of the Treaty of Lausanne, Turkey officially ceded Adakale Island in the Danube River to Romania by formally recognizing the related provisions in the Treaty of Trianon of 1920. Due to a diplomatic irregularity at the 1878 Congress of Berlin, the island had technically remained part of the Ottoman Empire.
Turkey also renounced its privileges in Libya which were defined by Article 10 of the Treaty of Ouchy in 1912 (per Article 22 of the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923.) | - All territories in the Aegean Sea except for Imbros, Tenedos, and Rabbit islands
- Dodecanese islands
- Cyprus
- Egypt
- Territories to the south of Syria and Iraq in the Arabian Peninsula
- Adakale island in the Danube river |
Suggest an allocation to implement a three portfolio strategy as described in the text below | A three-fund portfolio is based on the fundamental asset classes, stocks and bonds. It is assumed that cash is not counted within the investment portfolio, so it is not included. On the other hand, it is assumed that every investor should hold both domestic and international stocks. The task, then, is to take these three basic non-cash assets — domestic stocks, international stocks, and bonds — decide how much of each to hold (your asset allocation); choose where to hold each of these asset classes, and finally choose a mutual fund to use for each asset class. | From Vanguard's list of "core funds," the funds that are best for a three-fund portfolio are:
Vanguard Total Stock Market Index Fund (VTSAX)
Vanguard Total International Stock Index Fund (VTIAX)
Vanguard Total Bond Market Fund (VBTLX)
So, a "three-fund portfolio" might consist of 42% Total Stock Market Index, 18% Total International Stock Index, and 40% Total Bond Market fund. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Most parents dream of their children growing up to become doctors, lawyers or astronauts. But when Richard and Sara from Newport think of their nine-year-old son Toby's future, they see prison. The schoolboy, who features in a new programme tonight on Channel 5 called My Violent Child, has suffered from bouts of extreme violence since he was very young - even at the age of four he threatened his older brother, then five, with a knife. Scroll down for video . Sara and Richard from Newport are struggling to control their nine year old son Toby, who suffers from violent outburtss . Despite still not reaching double figures, he has already been in trouble with the police for causing permanent damage to a fellow child's mouth after hitting them with a brick. His father Richard said: 'From a very young age he was very aggressive. When he was about four, he held a knife to Casey and threw bricks at Casey.' He continued: 'We've had police at the house where he's thrown brick - a child ended up injured and needing dental treatment. 'I expect for Toby in his teens to be locked up, we're expecting that. Because he doesn't care.' Sara comforts Toby after one of his outbursts . The couple, who have three other children; Casey, 10, Corey, seven, and Jacob, four, have been unable to control Toby's behaviour for years because they have no idea what the root of the problem is or what will start him off. Sara said: 'Absolutely anything sets Toby off, it can be anything as daft as two items of food touching on his plate, a noise, a smell or something he sees - it can be anything. 'He's physically abusive, he's mentally abusive, he really gets to you - to the point that he makes me want to cry sometimes. 'Sometimes I just let him pinch me and hit me and then he'll calm down and sometimes he does. 'I don't want to live on edge every day when he wakes up, I should be able to enjoy being his mum.' Toby attacks his mother during a tantrum . Sara and her son Casey try to get Toby off a bike during one of his outbursts . The brunt of Toby's behaviour is borne by his parents - Richard and Sara have both been strangled by their son and during the hour-long programme, he is regularly filmed punching, biting and kicking them both. But the violence also extends to his brothers, including four-year-old Jacob, who is filmed being kicked by Toby in the park. His nature has become so unpredictable that Sara reveals she is worried about leaving them alone in a room. Sara reveals that she often just allows Toby to kick and punch her to calm him down . Sara said: 'I can't leave him with his brothers because I know he'll hit them.' The strain has become so great on Sara and Richard that it has almost split them up several times. Richard said: 'It has driven us to the point where we could have parted ways many times. 'When there's no more you can do for each other and we're struggling, it gets to the point where it would be easier to turn and walk away.' In an effort to find out what is causing Toby's outbursts, the programme makers call in parenting expert Sarah Evans. Following a discussion with Sara, she discovers that the very early years of his life were fraught with stress from the family's living situation. From left: Father Richard, Casey, 10, Toby, nine, Corey, seven, Jacob, four, and Sara . Sara and Richard had their eldest child Casey when Sara was just 14 years old, then 10 months later she gave birth to her second son Toby. Because of the strain of having two children so close together, Sara reveals that she was very stressed and admits that she didn't bond with Toby as well as she would have hoped. Sarah Evans then talks the family through a series of tricks that she can use to enforce the bond between mother and son and explains that much of Toby's behaviour may be down to the lack of affection. Sara attempts a bonding exercise with Toby . As Sara starts to use tactile behaviour, including hugging Toby when he is having a tantrum or lightly touching his hand, she sees that her son starts to come out of his tantrums much quicker. Sarah also discusses the importance of Richard spending time with his family. Richard works long hours six days a week in a car business in order to provide for his family, but Jane emphasises that his children also need him to be around at home. The family then spend a day at the farm together and the couple admit that they are beginning to see big improvements in their son. Sara said: 'It is early days but I hope that if I persevere with it then we'll get results down the line and I think that day will come.' My Violent Child airs on Channel 5 this Wednesday at 9pm . | Richard and Sara from Newport have four sons aged four to 10 . But the couple's second eldest Toby, nine, suffers violent outbursts . He has already been in trouble with police for attacking a child with a brick . The family are appearing on Channel 5's show My Violent Child tonight . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | (CNN)Nigerians go to the polls on March 28 in a tight contest, which is getting extra attention after the original date was rescheduled at the last minute. Many voters will be holding their registration card in one hand, and their mobile in the other -- making democratic history with the help of tech. In Africa's largest mobile phone market, programs to encourage citizens to get involved in the election have been gaining traction. "Nigerians are looking for information," says Femi Longe, co-founder of Co-Creation Hub which meshes tech and social issues. "Technology is helping people get involved in the conversation around democracy and elections, which is very important, as the general interest in the air has waned since the voting date was changed." As incumbent Goodluck Jonathan prepares to face-off against former military ruler Muhammadu Buhari, Longe and his team have developed TechSQUAD -- a gang of geeks who work on web-projects that help citizens vote. Pre-Vote Prep . One such project is Govote.ng, a popular website that is focused on the registration process -- that's crucial as in Africa's most populous country, with over 170 million citizens, the logistics can be staggering. "Most Nigerians have no idea where they are registered," explains Longe. "We want to simplify the entire election process, [and] make it responsive to users." People log on to the site to see whether they are registered with the Nigeria Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) and, if not, they can find out how and where to register. TechSQUAD says approximately 10,000 people visit the site each day. Finger's Influence . Other squads concentrate on the next step. Youth charity YIAGA has set up ThumbPower which gets Nigerians to "use your thumb wisely." Sections like "Who can vote" and "Where and When" set out the process in language anyone can understand. Interactive maps connect users to local activists and the countdown clock is a reminder that the new elections date is approaching fast. "The rescheduling of the election ... did affect the level of voter enthusiasm," explains YIAGA Program Manager, Cynthia Mbamalu. "While there are certain concerns about security and the guarantee of free, fair and credible elections, the interest in this election is founded on the belief that this time votes will count." Personality Problem . This election will be the first since Nigeria re-calculated it's GDP and pulled ahead of South Africa to become the continent's biggest economy. With a nominal GDP of $510 billion, and an oil sector that makes up 96% of total export earnings, the outcome of the vote will be closely watched by policy makers and businesses all over the world. Politicians, however, stand accused of relying on personalities rather than policies when it comes to winning votes. "The strength of a leader's personality and his key personal networks are playing a very strong role," says Jasper Veen, Nigeria Director at National Democratic Institute. "Both flag-bearers occasionally attempt to articulate policy positions -- it is still a far cry from policy-based politics." And this is set to be a particular issue in this poll, as some seek a strongman who can defeat Boko Haram militants in the North-East -- the main justification authorities used when explaining the decision to delay the vote by six weeks. To fight this popularity contest, TechSQUAD collaborated with The Centre for Democracy and Development (CDD) to produce ngmanifesto.org, which explains what the parties plan to do to improve education, the economy and infrastructure. And once a government is elected, the site will track whether election pledges become reality. 'Quick Count' Technology will also play a big role on voting day. A representative volunteer network of 4,000 observers trained by Transition Monitoring Group (TMG) will corroborate official election results using a system of text messages. The SMSs are coded so they cannot be intercepted, and also to ensure the data can be organized and communicated quickly. The process aims to bring transparency to the elections, and will be assisted by Niger's Former Prime Minister, Mahamadou Danda, who is part of a smaller team of international observers organized by the National Democratic Institute. Such independent observation is likely to speak to the thousands of citizens concerned with governance in the country. A recent Afrobarometer poll found that 68% of respondents are "not very" or "not at all" satisfied with the way democracy is working in Nigeria. Another approach to inspire citizens to get involved in the election is the Nigerian Constitution App which has been downloaded almost 1 million times according to The Indigo Trust. By making the constitution available on mobile phones, the app aims to teach citizens about national laws and inspire them to vote. And there's also BudgIT -- a site that publishes state and federal budgets for all to see. The list of election-based websites and apps goes on -- too many to mention here. But, while the election outcome is yet to be seen, it seems that the tech involved could bring a formidable force to the ballot box. More from Marketplace Africa . Read this: Cooking up a recipe for tasty profits in UAE . Watch this: Banana fiber transforms lives in Uganda . | Nigeria's postponed Presidential election is slated to be held on March 28 . Incumbent Goodluck Jonathan will face-off against former military ruler Muhammadu Buhari . Technologists and NGOs are working together to help voters prepare for the election . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Martin Skrtel was carried off on a stretcher early on in Liverpool's FA Cup quarter-final against Blackburn, after landing awkwardly on his head. The Slovakian defender needed eight minutes of treatment on the pitch, and was carried away wearing a neck brace and has been taken to hospital as a precaution. Skrtel landed on his head after being caught in the face by an innocuous-looking challenge from Rudy Gestede in just the second minute of the game. VIDEO Scroll down to see Brendan Rodgers give an update on Skrtel's condition . Martin Skrtel was knocked unconscious after falling awkwardly following a challenge with Rudy Gestede . | Martin Skrtel clashes with Rudy Gestede in the air in second minute . Defender landed on his head and appeared to lose consciousness . But after treatment Skrtel gave thumbs up from the stretcher . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Scott Hoyle, 48, is on trial accused of killing a former Royal Marine who died when an alleged stunt in a vintage Tiger Moth aircraft went wrong . A former Royal Marine pilot killed his passenger after crashing his aircraft while performing a 'foolish and dangerous' loop-the-loop at a low height, a court has heard. Scott Hoyle, 48, allegedly carried out the acrobatic manoeuvre in his Tiger Moth plane, despite passenger Orlando Rogers being too big for the move to be carried out safely. The court heard how Hoyle, described in court as a novice, was 'reckless' for attempting to perform the stunt at a height 'at which recovery was improbable'. Hoyle's 'risk-taking' allegedly caused the plane to nose-dive into a field near Witchampton, Dorset, killing Mr Rogers. The 26-year-old was a former Royal Marine who served in Afghanistan and Northern Ireland. Hoyle, from Broadstone, Dorset, also suffered serious injuries during the crash, from which he has since recovered. He denies manslaughter and endangering the safety of an aircraft. Opening the case at Winchester Crown Court, Michael Bowes QC, prosecuting, said: 'The prosecution case is that the fatal crash was caused as a result of conscious risk-taking by Scott Hoyle, in that he flew the aircraft in a way which created an obvious risk of serious injury to Orlando Rogers, and Scott Hoyle either chose to disregard it or was indifferent to it. 'The prosecution submits that what he was intending to do was plainly dangerous and created an obvious risk of serious harm.' Mr Bowes told the jury of six men and six woman that, at 18st 7lbs and 6ft 2in, Mr Rogers' size placed restrictions on how the aircraft should be manoeuvred, something Hoyle should have known and made the flight unsafe. He said Hoyle had flown 35 hours in the aircraft, making him a 'novice' in it, and that he was not trained to perform the loop-de-loop manoeuvre he was alleged to have been attempting. The jury was told the flight was the second Hoyle had flown from the Compton Abbas airfield in Dorset that day, having taken another friend up in his plane earlier. Mr Bowes said he had successfully completed several loops with the other passenger and that GPS tracking suggested he crashed near where these previous acrobatics had taken place. 'The location of the fatal manoeuvre and the improbability of Scott Hoyle's own account of the loss of control, and evidence from eye witnesses on the ground, all point to the fact that this was indeed an attempted loop,' said Mr Bowes. The plane crashed into a field near Witchampton, killing Mr Rogers. The 26-year-old was a former Royal Marine who served in Afghanistan and Northern Ireland and ran a maritime security company . Hoyle had flown 35 hours in the aircraft, making him a 'novice' in it. He was not trained to perform the loop-de-loop manoeuvre he was alleged to have been attempting, the court heard . The court heard how the pair took off from the airfield at about 2.49pm, with the weather described as 'a pleasant spring day'. The fatal crash happened a short time later, at 3.08pm. Hoyle, who had a private pilot's licence, had flown 184.8 hours at the time of the crash, but only 35 hours in the Tiger Moth, making him 'inexperienced' in it. Mr Bowes described to the jury how eye-witnesses on the ground saw the aircraft attempt a loop manoeuvre just before the crash. The plane, built in 1940, then entered a spin and smashed into the ground nose first. Mr Rogers was sat in the front seat of the plane, with Hoyle behind him . 'The prosecution say eye-witnesses saw the aircraft entering a loop,' said Mr Bowes. 'That point is absolutely disputed by the defence, who say it never happened. Thereafter the aircraft entered a spin from which it did not recover.' Eye-witnesses on the ground saw the aircraft attempt a loop manoeuvre just before the crash. The plane, built in 1940, then entered a spin and smashed into the ground nose first, the court was told . Mr Bowes said Hoyle had 'no formal training in aerobatics.' He also told the jury the plane was flying too low to attempt a loop manoeuvre. When interviewed, Hoyle claimed he lost control of the aircraft due to 'a control restriction.' He said that following a left-hand turn, the rudder remained to the left. Hoyle told investigators who launched a probe into the flight that he pulled back on the stick in an attempt to regain control of the aircraft, which may have made it appear as though he was performing a loop. During his interview, Hoyle said he understood an aircraft needed to be at 3,000ft to 3,500ft to recover from a spin. However, Mr Bowes said the plane had been much lower than that when he performed loops earlier with his previous passenger, Nicholas Diamond. 'The prosecution case is that it was an attempted loop and it was far too low because when the plan got out of the loop it was too low to do anything about it,' said Mr Bowes. After the crash, horrified bystanders dialled 999 and paramedics and fire crews rushed to the scene to help. Emergency teams spent around an hour cutting away the fuselage at the front of the plane so they could free Mr Rogers. Mr Rogers, who was in 'a very bad way', was flown to Dorchester Hospital on a coastguard helicopter. Hoyle was also taken to Dorchester Hospital for treatment to his injuries. Mr Rogers was pronounced dead later that day. A post mortem examination showed he died as a result of multiple injuries. The court heard from an expert, who told the court it was 'reckless' of Hoyle to attempt a loop manoeuvre at the height he was flying. Although GPS data of the final seconds of the flight was lost, it did show he was flying 1,423ft above the ground moments earlier, thousands of feet lower than he should have been before starting a loop. Hoyle had previously 'dangerously' performed loop manoeuvres far below the height a novice should have been doing them. Emergency teams spent around an hour cutting away the fuselage at the front of the plane so they could free Mr Rogers. He died later that day at Dorchester Hospital . The jury has been told inexperienced pilots, such as Hoyle, should be no lower than 3,000ft after completing a loop-the-loop. Mr Bowes said GPS data showed that on a flight on February 12, 2011, the former Royal Marine dropped to 393ft above the ground when apparently performing a loop. Aviation expert Geoffrey Connolly told the court that the heights at which he was performing the acrobatic stunts were described as unsafe and 'plainly not simply foolish, but dangerous'. Reading his expert report, Mr Bowes said Mr Connolly believed it was only 'a matter of luck' that Hoyle had previously performed loops successfully. Mr Connolly said it was 'beyond belief' that Hoyle was unaware of the guidance on the height at which aerobatic manoeuvres should be performed. He said: 'To attempt a loop at such a low height with his limited level of experience was quite simply reckless in my opinion.' Mr Connolly believed Hoyle's explanation that the spin had been sparked by a jammed rudder was 'not credible'. The expert concluded that what Hoyle was doing before the crash was a 'deliberately attempted loop'. Mr Bowes said: 'He was clearly aware of the recommended height limitations for aerobatic manoeuvres and yet chose to disregard them, possibly encouraged by previous experience, having done it at that very low height. 'Mr Connolly's view is that...what he was attempting to do was plainly dangerous and created a serious risk of harm to his passenger, Orlando Rogers.' On previous occasions tracked by the GPS, Hoyle was also flying lower than he should have been even when not performing manoeuvres, the jury was told. According to the GPS data, Hoyle performed loop-the-loop manoeuvres in his three previous flights before the fatal crash - twice on February 12 and once earlier that day. In each case, the aerobatics were performed above the Manswood area, near where the deadly crash occurred, the court heard. On the day of the crash, the data showed that in the first flight Hoyle was flying at 1,000ft before dropping to 409ft, apparently after doing a loop. Mr Bowes said the data proved Hoyle was going back to the area where he had previously performed loops, even if it did not show he was doing one before the crash. 'This occurred in the same location that the aircraft carried out other aerobatic manoeuvres on all three of the previous flights,' said Mr Bowes. 'He was going back to Manswood to do what he did at Manswood, which was loop de loop.' The jury was shown photographs of the wreckage surrounded by emergency crews. An investigation into the fatal crash was carried out by the Air Accidents Investigation Branch. The court heard that the investigation had found no sign of malfunction with the plane's rudder. Mr Bowes described how the Tiger Moth was a training plane used by the RAF until 1952 and 4,000 were built in the Second World War with many still in use as recreational aircraft around the world such as the one involved in the accident which was built in 1940. The trial continues. Sorry we are not currently accepting comments on this article. | Scott Hoyle, 48, took Orlando Rogers for a flight in his Tiger Moth aircraft . He allegedly performed stunt despite Rogers being too big for it to be safe . Plane crashed into field in Witchampton, killing Rogers and injuring Hoyle . Hoyle had flown 35 hours in the aircraft making him a 'novice', court told . Expert told court move was 'foolish and dangerous' because of low height . Hoyle, from Broadstone, Dorset, denies manslaughter - the trial continues . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Killed: Charley Saturmin Robinet (seen here in his mugshot from 2000) was killed in a scuffle with LA police on Skid Row on Sunday, prompting protests . The homeless man who was shot dead by the LAPD is from Cameroon - but could not be deported back to his home country because of the red tape. The man, who was killed on Los Angeles' impoverished Skid Row when he allegedly tried to grab the holstered pistol of an officer while police arrested him on Sunday, was from Cameroon, authorities have confirmed. However, attempts to deport him had failed - because the Cameroonian government refused to respond to repeated requests for travel documents. It has already been revealed the man - whose violent death sparked outrage across America - served 15 years behind bars using the name Charley Saturmin Robinet. His deception was discovered a couple of years ago, when he was due to be deported back to France. But French authorities realized he was not who he was claiming to be, and rescinded the papers, according to the Los Angeles Times. Virginia Kice, a spokeswoman for U.S. Immigrations and Customs Enforcement, told the newspaper they repeatedly contacted authorities in Cameroon, who failed to respond to their request for a travel document. Because they were unable to get the documents, the man known as Robinet could not be deported and was released from prison. He served around 13 years in prison for the crime, in which he, an accomplice and getaway driver stole $33,500 in a bid to pay for acting classes at the Beverly Hills Playhouse. Warning graphic content . Shot dead: Charley Saturmin Robinet, circled in red, was gunned down by the Los Angeles Police Department on Sunday. Above is the moment directly after the fatal scuffle, after police had backed away . Prayers: The community came together last night at a vigil for the man they knew as 'Africa' Shock: Many feel angry at how the man died on Sunday, an incident which was caught on camera . Officials now say Robinet stole the identity of a Frenchman with the same name and birth date to apply for a French passport in the 1990s, when he came to the U.S. to pursue an acting career. Foreign nationals are usually deported after serving their sentences, but because of a 2001 Supreme Court ruling on the rights of 'stateless' people, Robinet was set free. U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement spokesman Virginia Kice said she couldn't immediately comment on his immigration history. Under the terms of the man's release, he was required to provide reports to his probation officer at the beginning of each month, . Deputy U.S. Marshal Matthew Cordova said he failed to do so in November, December and January, leading to the issue of a federal warrant - which triggered the fatal clash with police. Proof? Police say this frame shows Charley Saturmin Robinet, circled center, reaching up for a police officer's gun during the fatal encounter on Sunday in Los Angeles . These latest revelations came as the community came together for a vigil for the man known as 'Africa' or 'Cameroon' to those living in the Skid Row area. Many have been horrified by his death. The shooting was caught by an onlooker on a video that went viral, leading to protests and calls by civil rights activists for a special police commission hearing on the use of force. The head of the Union Rescue Mission, outside which Robinet was shot, told Reuters that Robinet had been living in a tent outside the mission for weeks and had a history of violent, erratic behavior. He went by the street name of Africa and lived among one of the largest homeless communities in the United States, with more than 3,000 people. On Monday LAPD Chief Charlie Beck confirmed the footage from body cameras worn by an officer and a sergeant provided a 'unique perspective' of the incident. However, he said that the force would not be releasing the video yet. According to the LA Times he also would not be drawn on what the footage actually revealed. 'At the end of the investigation into this officer-involved shooting ... we will release the complete investigation through the inspector general's office,' Beck said. 'If there is a criminal proceeding in this or if there's a civil proceeding in this, we will make all evidence available through those proceedings.' Killing: This is the moment police fired shots at Charley Saturmin Robinet, who is obscured from view in the above frame by an officer. The LAPD have claimed he was trying to take an officer's gun . Before the fatal shooting: He was being confronted over reports of a robbery before five shots were fired . The three officers who fired their weapons at Robinet were veterans of the Skid Row beat who had special training to deal with mentally ill and other people in the downtrodden area, said Beck. But a rookie officer who cried out that the man had his gun, leading to the shooting, had considerably less experience. The LAPD didn't immediately say how much training he had received in dealing with mentally ill people. All officers must go through at least an 11-hour course. Police Chief Charlie Beck said some of the veteran officers had 'completed our most extensive mental illness training over a 36-hour course.' Initial signs showed the officers used what they had learned during the confrontation, despite the outcome, he said. Shooting: The attack took place in the Skid Row district of Los Angeles, which is known for its large homeless population . 'Damaged gun': The LAPD said this image shows the officer's pistol after the encounter. LA police chief Charlie Beck said damaged magazine and a partially-discharged bullet prove there was a struggle over it . 'The way you have conversations, the way you offer options, the way that you give some space, the body language that you portray, the way that you escalate, all of that is part of the training,' Beck said on Monday. 'I will make judgment on that when I review the totality of the investigation, but on the face of it, it appears they did try all of that.' The shooting was captured on video but exactly what happened remained unclear. The footage has been viewed by millions of people online. Several dozen people rallied Tuesday in protest of the shooting. There was a moment of silence, and participant Patrisse Cullors declared the shooting site to be 'sacred ground.' A memorial at the site of the shooting features white roses placed over a tent, blankets and clothing belonging to the man known as 'Africa.' Angry protests: People walk through skid row in protest against the killing of a homeless man by police in Los Angeles on Tuesday . The specialized training came under the nationwide Safer Cities Initiative, designed to tone down encounters between police and people on the streets. Footage showed the homeless man reaching toward the rookie officer's waistband, Beck said. The officer's gun was later found partly cocked and jammed with a round of ammunition in the chamber and another in the ejection port, indicating a struggle for the weapon, Beck said. 'You can hear the young officer who was primarily engaged in the confrontation saying that "He has my gun. He has my gun,'' Beck said. 'He says it several times, with conviction.' The three other officers then opened fire. The man who was shot was black, as is the rookie officer who was just short of completing his probationary year on the force, police said. Senseless: People protest against the killing in Los Angeles in the Skid Row area of the city . The violence had echoes of the August police shooting of 25-year-old Ezell Ford, whose death in a struggle with Los Angeles officers brought demonstrations in the city. Ford was unarmed. Police said he was shot after reaching for an officer's gun. Video was taken came from multiple perspectives, including two witnesses recording from their phones and cameras worn by two of the officers who fired their weapons. Beck said officers had arrived to investigate a robbery report and the homeless man refused to obey their commands and became combative. A security camera outside a homeless shelter about 75 feet away showed the man pushed over a neighbor's tent and the two people had a dispute. When officers arrived, they tried to speak to the suspect. He turned and jumped into his tent, and officers appeared to pull it up and over him to roust him from inside. The man jumped out flailing and kicking before ending up on the ground. In memoriam: This carboard plaque pays tribute to Charley Saturmin Robinet, who was known as Cameroon or Africa by locals . Beck said officers didn't know if the suspect was arming himself. Stun guns 'appeared to have little effect, and he continued to violently resist,' Beck said. One witness began filming from a closer perspective. As the man took swings, four officers wrestled him to the ground. The struggle became blurry and distant, but shouting could be heard, followed by five apparent gunshots. The Los Angeles Police Department's inspector general and the city's district attorney are investigating the shooting. Two of the officers suffered minor injuries, including the rookie officer, who is on crutches. All four officers are on paid leave. | Authorities in LA confirm the man shot dead was from Cameroon . Deportation blocked by Cameroon government's refusal to respond . Man, 39, killed in violent struggle which was caught on film last Sunday . Police say the man tried to grab a gun, but footage sparked angry protests . Police were trying to arrest him for not reporting to probation officials . Originally thought to be French, authorities now say he stole his identity . He gained passport in 1990s under name and birth date of innocent man . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Steven Fletcher has been buoyed by Dick Advocaat's early influence at Sunderland. Advocaat was drafted in to help the Black Cats avoid relegation after Gus Poyet's sacking and, despite losing his only game so far, at West Ham, Scotland striker Fletcher is upbeat about the run-in. The club lie just a point and a place above the bottom three with eight matches to go, but Advocaat has already made an impact. Dick Advocaat's early influence has been hailed by Sunderland striker Steven Fletcher . Fletcher (right) says it's been 'really lively' at Sunderland since the Dutchman came in . 'It's been really lively since the new coach has come in; he's a lively character and he's brought that into the training sessions,' Fletcher told safc.com. 'He wants us all to give 100 per cent and believes we've got the quality to turn our fortunes around and push up the league. 'He wants us to play a lot more compact and push forward as a unit, and I think we did that in the last game because we won balls back and created chances. We've got to remain upbeat and stick to the task at hand.' Advocaat has been brought in to save Sunderland from relegation after Gus Poyet (pictured) was sacked . Despite their struggles at the helm, both Poyet and his predecessor Paolo Di Canio enjoyed early success against Tyne-Wear rivals Newcastle, and Advocaat has his own opportunity after the international break. 'There's no better game to turn things around in than the derby,' added Fletcher. 'It's a great first home game for the new coach, so we're all looking forward to it.' | Steven Fletcher has been buoyed by influence of Dick Advocaat . Advocaat took over at Sunderland following Gus Poyet sacking . Black Cats lost first game under the Dutchman 1-0 at West Ham . |
List down important points about prisoners and events from the given passage | The first recorded interment occurred on 13 December 1922. Other burials at the cemetery include forty-four German and seven Italian prisoners of war who died at nearby detention camps during World War II, as well as four allied Chinese pilots. As of July 2022, there are three Medal of Honor recipients and twenty general officers interred at the cemetery | 1. On December 13, 1922, the first known interment took place.
2. At the nearby detention centre during World War 2, 44 German and 7 Italian prisoners died and were buried there.
3. Four Chinese pilots are also interred at the cemetery beside these POWs.
4. Twenty general officers and three Medal of Honor recipients are buried at the cemetery as of July 22. |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Microsoft's co-founder has used his own submarine to find the wreck of the Japanese Navy's biggest warship - which has lain undiscovered at the bottom of the ocean for the past 70 years. Paul Allen revealed his amazing discovery to the world on Tuesday, by posting a photo to Twitter of the World War II battleship Musashi's rusty bow, which bore the Japanese empire's Chrysanthemum seal. The Musashi - which, along with its sister ship Yamato, was the heaviest and most powerfully armed battleship ever constructed - was sunk by the U.S. Navy in 1944, taking with it more than 1,000 crew members. But despite numerous eyewitness accounts, its exact location had remained a mystery - until now. Scroll down for video . Final resting place: The ship has lain undisturbed at the bottom of the Sibuyan Sea since 1944. Pictured: A wheel on a valve which would have been in one of the engine rooms . Explorer: Allen was able to find the ship using he M/Y Octopus. Pictured: One of the ship's 15 tonne anchors . Biggest: The Musashi was the Japanese Navy's biggest battleship during the Second World War . The discovery brings to an end Allen's eight year search for the Musashi - and is a discovery he hopes will 'bring closure' to those who lost relatives aboard the ship, according to his website. Billionaire Allen said the M/Y Octopus, his luxury yacht and exploration ship, found the long-lost ship on the floor of the Sibuyan Sea - 1.6 miles under the surface. The Octopus' remote operated probe Octo ROV located the Musashi on Monday, according to Allen's website. The Octopus is also outfitted with an exploration submarine. Allen and his research team had used the historical records of four different countries in order to pinpoint the location of the ship. On Tuesday, Allen posted a photo of a valve from the wreckage, which he described as the 'first confirmation' that it was of Japanese origin. 'RIP (rest in peace) crew of Musashi, approximately 1,023 (lives) lost,' Allen said in another tweet. He said on Twitter he would soon post video of the ship's catapult and valve areas. Found: Paul Allen took to Twitter to reveal he had found the wreck of the Musashi, sunk in 1944 . War: American warplanes sank the Musashi on October 24, 1944, at the height of the Battle of Leyte Gulf . Record breaking: The Musashi was the largest armed battleship to ever be made. Pictured: A 'float plane' Submerged: Allen and his team believe this to be an inverted type 89, 12.7 centimeter gun turret . Under fire: It was considered the largest naval encounter of World War II. Pictured: The Musashi being attack . Battle: The Musashi was sunk on the second day of fighting between the two sides . The Sibuyan Sea - at the heart of the Philippines' central Visayas islands - now covers busy shipping lanes and lies on the path of most tropical storms that cross the country from the Pacific Ocean. But in 1944, it was the scene for a battle considered the largest naval encounter of the Second World War - a battle which would be the Musashi's last. The battleship, which weighed 73,000 tons fully loaded, and was armed with nine 45 Caliber Type 94 main guns, was sunk by American warplanes on October 24, 1944, at the height of the Battle of Leyte Gulf - in which US and Australian forces defeated the Japanese. About half the crew died when it went down. Sister ship the Yamato was damaged in the fighting, according to the U.S. Navy, and American warships finally sank it a year later as it attempted to reach Okinawa. Discoveries: The American billionaire (pictured) has also pursued space exploration . For Seattle-born Allen, 62, who founded Microsoft with Bill Gates in 1975, the discovery of the Musashi is a thrilling moment. 'Since my youth, I have been fascinated with World War II history, inspired by my father’s service in the U.S. Army,' Allen said. 'The Musashi is truly an engineering marvel and, as an engineer at heart, I have a deep appreciation for the technology and effort that went into its construction. 'I am honored to play a part in finding this key vessel in naval history and honoring the memory of the incredible bravery of the men who served aboard her.' Allen, the 51st richest person in the world with a net worth of $17.5billion, according to Forbes Magazine, is known for his love of history - and also his generosity with the Octopus to help other exploration missions. In 2012, Allen loaned the same ship that located the Musashi to the British government to locate HMS Hood bell from the bottom of the Denmark Strait. The search was eventually called off due to bad weather. The Octopus has also collaborated on Google Earth’s 'Explore the Ocean' feature, and has helped the Discovery Science Channel capture footage for a documentary to study the effects of nuclear detonation on the marine environment. Director James Cameron has also used it, for a seven-hour solo journey to the earth's deepest point back in 2012. But Allen is not confined to undersea exploration, either. Luxury: The remote operated probe of the Octupus (pictured) located the Musashi on Monday . Submarine: Director James Cameron has also used Allen's submarine, to dive to the depths of the ocean . Parties: Allen's yacht is not just for exploring, however, it is also luxurious enough to entertain his friends - pictured here leaving the boat for the Olympic opening ceremony . Glamour: The Octopus also hosted parties in Cannes. Allen pictured here with George Lucas in 2005 . The American is also working on a project called Stratolaunch, which aims to put 'cost-effective' cargo and manned missions into space. He launched SpaceShipOne, the first privately built craft into suborbital space in 2004. Spokespersons for the Philippines' navy and coast guard told AFP they were not informed of the discovery. For four days in October 1944, the seas around the island of Leyte bore witness to what some believe is the biggest battle in naval history. The Battle of Leyte Gulf, formerly known as the Second Battle of the Philippine Sea, began on October 23, pitting the combined force of the U.S. and Australian forces against the Imperial Japanese Navy. Three days earlier, the Americans had launched an attack on Leyte; the Japanese responded with Sho-Go - an operation designed to lure U.S. forces away from the San Bernardino Strait. But the Japanese navy was attacked by U.S. submarines as it moved into position on October 23 - the first of four major encounters over the battle. The Musashi survived this first encounter, but the next day, as it passed through the Sibuyan Sea, came under bombardment from the U.S. warplanes. It was first hit at 10.30am, and then again in a second wave. However, the ship did not finally disappear under the waves until 7.30pm that evening. It had been struck by at least 17 bombs and 19 torpedoes during the battle. By October 26 - the end of the battle - the Japanese lost 26 battleships, but only sank six of the U.S.'s ships. The Japanese had also suffered huge numbers of casualties: more than 10,000 men are believed to have died. The Allied Forces, on the other hand, lost around 1,500. The Battle of Leyte Gulf was the largest loss the Japanese Navy had ever encountered . Sources: Encyclopedia Britannica and MilitaryHistory.com . | Allen posted a picture to Twitter showing World War II ship's rusting bow . Musashi, the Japanese Navy's biggest battleship, was sunk in 1944 . It lay undiscovered on the floor of the Sibuyan Sea for the past 70 years . Billionaire Allen has now used his personal submarine to find the ship . Discovery brings to an end Allen's eight year search for the Musashi . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Adam Johnson has been suspended by Sunderland after his arrest on suspicion of sexual activity with a girl under the age of 16 and will miss Tuesday night's Premier League game at Hull City. Although he has not played for England for almost three years, Johnson has established himself as a Premier League winger having operated at Middlesbrough, Manchester City and Sunderland. Johnson has also commanded almost £20million in transfer fees during his career. Here,Sportsmail takes a look at his timeline. Adam Johnson has been arrested on suspicion of having sex with a 15-year-old girl . 1987 . Born in Sunderland and brought up Easington, County Durham. 1995-1997 . A Newcastle fan, Johnson attends St James' Park school of excellence for two years. 1998 . After winning skill schools competition at Butlins, he dazzles in front of England legends Johnny Haynes and Emlyn Hughes in seven-a-side tournament at Wembley. Youngster scored two goals and Haynes tells him: 'You're a great little player, you've got a lovely left foot.' Johnson (front row, second from left) poses with school freinds and Gary Lineker as a child . 1999 . Johnson chooses to leave Tyneside to try his luck at Middlesbrough's academy after impressing scout Peter Kirkley. 2003/04 . Was Part of Middlesbrough's FA Youth Cup winning side. Future players Tony McMahon, Matthew Bates, David Wheater, Andrew Taylor, James Morrison, Seb Hines and Lee Cattermole also feature. 2005 . March: Makes senior debut for Boro in UEFA Cup tie at Sporting Lisbon. May: Signs professional terms at the club . September: Makes Premier League debut against Arsenal, and shines in Stewart Downing's absence during a 2-1 win at the Riverside. Makes England Under 19 debut against Belgium. The winger celebrates with George Boateng at Middlesbrough in the UEFA Cup just after his breakthrough . 2006 . May: Scores first goal for the club, a deflected effort in a 1-1 draw away to Bolton Wanderers. Not involved in the UEFA Cup final against Sevilla. June: Signs four-year contract extension. October: Joins Leeds United on months loan and impresses despite club's struggles. Plays four times before returning to Middlesbrough. 2007 . August: England Under 21 bow comes against Romania. September: Joins Watford on three-month loan and nets five goals in 12 appearances. Recalled and becomes a regular at the Riverside. 2008 . Battles with in-form winger Stewart Downing for a first-team place at Middlesbrough, but still makes 32 appearances. However, Gareth Southgate's side are relegated from the Premier League later in the season. Johnson enjoyed a successful spell at Watford in the Championship, scoring five in 12 games . Johnson volleyed home an equaliser against Manchester United in the Carling Cup in 2008 but Boro lost 3-1 . Johnson relished life in the Championship, and was linked with several Premier League clubs . 2009 . Relishes life in the Championship at Boro, scoring 11 goals in 29 appearances. November: Voted for the North East Football Writers' Young Player of the Year award. Plenty of Premier League clubs eye his progress, including Sunderland. December: Johnson refuses to sign new contract. 2010 . January: Big-spending Manchester City pull off surprise £7m swoop for Johnson. City boss Roberto Mancini says: 'Adam is a very good player with fantastic potential, and as a club we are always keen to sign British talent.' February: Makes first start for City against Bolton alongside Carlos Tevez and Emmanuele Adebayor and is named man of the match. Scores first goal for club against Sunderland. England manager Fabio Capello publicly praises him. May: Handed first England cap in World Cup warm-up against Mexico at the age of 22. Named in provisional squad for tournament in South Africa - public angry when he wasn't selected. September: Scores two goals in two games for England, against Bulgaria and Switzerland respectively. Manchester City snapped up Johnson for £7m, and he was named man of the match in debut against Bolton . He became an England star shortly after his move to Man City, scoring a fine goal against Switzerland . Johnson lifted the FA Cup with Manchester City, but was about to fall out of favour under Roberto Mancini . 2011 . May: Finishes with four goals from 31 Premier League games for City, most of which from the bench. Comes on as a substitute as Mancini's side win the FA Cup after beating Stoke at Wembley. 2012 . May: Manchester City claim the Premier League in dramatic style, but the season is a frustrating one for Johnson. 26 league appearances see him seek a move elsewhere. On standby for Euro 2012. August: Sunderland sign winger for £10m, and hand Johnson a four-year deal at the Stadium of Light. December: Scores winner against former club Man City on Boxing Day. Johnson's last England cap came against Italy in Bern in August, 2012 . The Sunderland winger scored the winner against former side Man City on Boxing Day in 2012 . 2013 . May: Finishes debut season with the Black Cats with five goals in 35 games. September: Loses place in the side under Paolo di Canio. Italian boss is sacked shortly after. 2014 . January: Nets a hat-trick in a 4-1 away win over Fulham. He said after taking the match ball as a memento: 'These days don't come along too often unless you're Messi or Ronaldo, so it was nice for me to get that ball as a souvenir to look back on. 'This is up there with one of my best days of my career along with playing for England, scoring for England.' He was awarded the Barclays Player of the Month award that month and tipped for Three Lions recall. May: Sunderland stay up by the skin of their teeth, Johnson finishes with best goal tally in his Premier League career with eight. December: Scores winning goal away at Newcastle in derby and 'ssh's' the fans at St James' Park. Johnson celebrates with Craig Gardner at Old Trafford (left), and gestures after a hat-trick at Fulham (right) 2015 . January: Nets penalty at Man City but Sunderland eventually lose game 3-2. March: Johnson released on bail after he was arrested on suspicion of sexual activity with a girl under 16. The Sunderland winger is questioned by police after the allegation involving a girl who is believed to be 15, and is suspended by the club, pending the outcome of the police investigation. Johnson scored a lat-gasp winner for Sunderland against Newcastle at St James' Park in December . Sorry we are not currently accepting comments on this article. | Sunderland winger Adam Johnson released on bail after arrest on suspicion of sexual activity with a girl under the age of 16 . Club have suspended him pending outcome of the police investigation . Johnson started career at Middlesbrough, then moved to Manchester City . He has scored two England goals in 12 international appearances . Johnson has commanded almost £20million in transfer fees . Gus Poyet: Johnson's arrest was the toughest day of my management . READ: Johnson was arrested for underage sex after 'teenager boasted about relationship and her father found out' |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | The French Press greeted Paris Saint Germain's extraordinary victory over Chelsea with euphoric acclaim on Thursday morning, lauding Laurent Blanc's men as 'heroes' and delivering a withering assessment of the 'cynicism' of Jose Mourinho's team. L'Equipe's match report proclaimed the dramatic 2-2 draw at Stamford Bridge as a 'magnificent, incredible, heroic night…' and adding that 'the performance of PSG should take pride of place among the pantheon of the Parisian club's most glorious nights, awakening memories of magical victories against Real Madrid in 1993 and Barcelona in 1995'. For Chelsea, the assessment was damning. The French media believe that Mourinho was responsible for the red card delivered to Zlatan Ibrahmovic after only 31 minutes for a challenge on Oscar. Chelsea have been broadly criticised as nine of their players surrounded the referee in the immediate aftermath of the incident. L'Equipe pays respect to PSG heroes but were less enthusiastic about the performance of Diego Costa (right) PSG captain Thiago Silva (right) scores the decisive goal in extra time to send French side through . Silva celebrates before claiming that Chelsea boss Jose Mourinho 'lacked respect' before the game . CLICK HERE to read how the drama unfolded at Stamford Bridge . L'Equipe write: 'It was an incandescent minute, which saw Mourinho benefit from all that he has grown to embody through his years of experience on the European scene…he flaps his arms, harangues, gesturing frantically in the direction of the referee Kuipers'. Chelsea's lethargic showing was panned by L'Equipe in the ratings, with the respected French daily awarding only 3/10 to Branislav Ivanovic, Oscar and Diego Costa. Only Gary Cahill and Thibaut Courtois were awarded marks higher than 5/10, with L'Equipe handing sixes to the pair. Chelsea stars Oscar (left) and Branislav Ivanovic (right) were also given miserly ratings by the French media . French media claim that Jose Mourinho was responsible for getting Zlatan Ibrahimovic (centre) sent off . Nine Chelsea players surrounded the referee as the Swedish talisman received his marching orders . The Spanish forward Costa is the centrepiece of the spread, poetically described as a 'demon without wonder'. The newspaper continues: 'Diego Costa wears within him a natural anger which always leaves him on a knife-edge. By looking to wind-up opponents, by constantly confronting them, sometimes head-to-head, he creates an electricity and we await the spark. Last night, it never arrived. As his centre forward, he has been provoked a lot by Mourinho but now he has forgotten to play.' The Portuguese manager's side were criticised for being cynical in the game at Stamford Bridge . Former Chelsea defender David Luiz celebrates wildly after bringing PSG back into the game in normal time . PSG were viewed rather more generously, and their valiant performances were hailed in the match ratings, with the returning David Luiz awarded a 9/10, and L'Equipe described him as the 'perfect example…demonstrating that he can remain concentrated defensively.' Marco Verratti, the brilliant Italian technician, received an 8/10, praised for 'setting the tempo of the match' and his 'huge impact' on the game. Ibrahimovic, harshly sent off after only half an hour, was not given a mark while Edinson Cavani, who missed a guilt-edged chance in the second half, was handed a 4. Pint-sized playmaker Marco Verratti (left) pulled the strings fro PSG from midfield . | PSG progressed to Champions League quarter finals with away goals win . L'Equipe hailed the Ligue 1 champions as 'magnificent' and 'heroes' Chelsea stars Diego Costa, Oscar and Branislav Ivanovic got 3/10 ratings . Same paper also claim Jose Mourinho was responsible for Zlatan Ibrahimovic's red card . Match winner Thiago Silva claimed Mourinho lacked respect before game . |
Given the below context. Generate a summary of the text | Travelling around the world has plenty of benefits: seeing new places, experiencing new cultures and meeting new people. One major drawback however is attempting to communicate - especially if you don't speak the language or know the local customs. Instead of offending those you meet during your globe-trotting travels, this handy infographic will help to ensure far more effective communication. Giving someone a thumbs up is a positive gesture in some countries, but not in the Middle East or Greece . For example, did you know that brushing your hand underneath your chin in a forward flicking motion signifies 'get lost' in Belgium, France and Tunisia? Or that giving someone a thumbs up in Australia, Greece or the Middle East means something far different than job well done? In Finland, standing with your arms crossed is a sign of arrogance, while in India, it's extremely offensive to show the sole of your foot or shoe to anyone. No matter where you're headed, HotelContractBeds takes you around the world in just 18 gestures. | Never jerk your forearm in France or cross your arms while in Finland . In India, it's extremely offensive to show the sole of your shoe or foot . Hotel Contract Beds has created infographic of gestures around the world . |
What are some examples of diseconomies of scale? | In microeconomics, economies of scale are the cost advantages that enterprises obtain due to their scale of operation, and are typically measured by the amount of output produced per unit of time. A decrease in cost per unit of output enables an increase in scale. At the basis of economies of scale, there may be technical, statistical, organizational or related factors to the degree of market control. This is just a partial description of the concept.
Economies of scale apply to a variety of the organizational and business situations and at various levels, such as a production, plant or an entire enterprise. When average costs start falling as output increases, then economies of scale occur. Some economies of scale, such as capital cost of manufacturing facilities and friction loss of transportation and industrial equipment, have a physical or engineering basis.
The economic concept dates back to Adam Smith and the idea of obtaining larger production returns through the use of division of labor. Diseconomies of scale are the opposite.
Economies of scale often have limits, such as passing the optimum design point where costs per additional unit begin to increase. Common limits include exceeding the nearby raw material supply, such as wood in the lumber, pulp and paper industry. A common limit for a low cost per unit weight commodities is saturating the regional market, thus having to ship product uneconomic distances. Other limits include using energy less efficiently or having a higher defect rate.
Large producers are usually efficient at long runs of a product grade (a commodity) and find it costly to switch grades frequently. They will, therefore, avoid specialty grades even though they have higher margins. Often smaller (usually older) manufacturing facilities remain viable by changing from commodity-grade production to specialty products.
Economies of scale must be distinguished from economies stemming from an increase in the production of a given plant. When a plant is used below its optimal production capacity, increases in its degree of utilization bring about decreases in the total average cost of production. As noticed, among the others, by Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen (1966) and Nicholas Kaldor (1972) these economies are not economies of scale. | Examples of diseconomies of scale include: using energy less efficiently, over-saturating a regional market, exceeding the local raw material supply, higher production switching costs leading to inability to pivot to higher margin products (reduced agility), and having a higher defect rate. |
Extract all of the names of people mentioned in this paragraph and list them using bullets in the format {Name} | The area that became Los Angeles was originally inhabited by the indigenous Tongva people and later claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542. The city was founded on September 4, 1781, under Spanish governor Felipe de Neve, on the village of Yaanga. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence. In 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, and thus became part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4, 1850, five months before California achieved statehood. The discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city. The city was further expanded with the completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, which delivers water from Eastern California. | • Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo
• Felipe de Neve |
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