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Some tourists may wonder what they can do in Berau District aside from exploring Derawan Archipelago. Enjoying a beautiful dance like Jepen can be an option. It is the traditional dance of East Kalimantan Province and it is often performed in Berau District, especially in Sambaliung Palace. According to the locals, the dance was inspired by both Islam and Malay culture. It displays energic, simple, and attractive movements. No wonder, the dance becomes one of the best lures for those visiting Berau. In fact, tourists have the chance to learn it from the locals.
The dancers consist of men and women and they wear unique attires, representing Malay nuance. The female dancers wear a simple or minimalist costume, but it shows the features of Malay culture. They also wear ornaments like a bandana and earrings, while the men wear a traditional hat of East Kalimantan. Each of the dancers carries an item, which is similar to a rhythmic ribbon. Also, their movements are quite energetic! Another thing to know is the type of the dance, which consists of Jepen Genjoh Mahakam and Jepen Eroh.
To begin with, tourists should enjoy Jepen Genjoh Mahakan Dance. The movements are purely based on Jepen Dance, including waves, honor, kenyak, samba, taktim, etc. In a nutshell, this type of dance represents Malay culture. What about Jepen Eroh Dance? It retains the original movements of Jepen, but it comes with a merrier nuance. Also, the moves are considered more dynamic and cheerful. During the performance, the audience is allowed to take pictures, in fact. Though, they must avoid using a flash feature, as it might disturb the dancers.
The beautiful movement combination of Jepen Dance is one thing. The audience may also enjoy hypnotizing music called Tingkilan. It is a traditional music from Kutai and it involves several musical instruments like violin, kendang, ketipung, and gambus. Not to mention several singers may recite poetries during the dance, telling moral messages to the audience. All of these features combine into a wonderful performance, which satisfies both locals and tourists. This explains why the dance is included in the list of the best attractions in Berau and other parts of East Kalimantan Province.
Here is the question. Where can tourists enjoy the dance? It depends on the schedule and any available cultural festivals. The local government often includes Jepen Dance in those special occasions, after all. As an alternative, tourists can go to Sambaliung Palace, which resides near to Kelay River. The dance is often performed in its main hall. The palace also displays lots of historical items and even a preserved crocodile! Thus, it is a perfect location to enjoy such beautiful and energetic dance.
As mentioned before, the best site to enjoy Jepen Dance is Sambaliung Palace. As the name suggest, it is located in Sambaliung Sub-district, Tanjung Redeb. Travelers can simply take an airplane to Kalimarau Airport and use a taxi to reach the palace. They should find out the schedule of the performance first, though.
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Give me a story with emotions & a happy ending any day on my lunch break. Thanks for lubricating my eyes.
I heard music as she walked. Loved it. This story resonates with me. Thanks for sharing Erin. Blessings, Selma.
Such a beautiful story, validating the inevitability of change and our acceptance of that change. We can either allow it to consume us or reach out to a new reality.
Nice! A hint of ‘the path less travelled by’, and I could really see the early spring flowers.
A beautiful story. A really simple tale but which emotionally engages the reader. Well done!
A beautiful and heartwarming story! We are so busy living our day to day lives that we never really know which moments will be included in our catalogue of memories. Memories that may stir happiness, sadness, and sometimes regret. We do what we think is right, and only time will tell. Susan is a gardener, she knows this all too well. I love the vivid descriptions, and Susan’s unexpected decision to help fill the void in her life. Great story! Thanks for sharing, Erin!
Congratulations! Lovely story. How you keep cranking these out, I’ll never know—and you keep them fresh, interesting and most definitely emotional!
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I have a 5-year-old boy with a sternum that is to the right of centre.
There is an area of the ribcage to the right of the sternum that is not as smooth as the left hand side, and it protrudes more than the left side of the ribcage.
The result is that the whole ribcage is asymmetric.
His general health is good, what could be causing this?
I think what you are describing is asymmetrical development of the ribcage in an otherwise healthy 5-year-old child.
In your details, you say that you've noticed this in the last four to six weeks, but I suspect that has been occurring for much longer.
It is possible that the asymmetry is due to your child's spine having a painless curve in it (scoliosis) that has been getting progressively worse and is now showing in this way.
This might be due to an abnormality of the spine structure that he was born with, by uneven leg length or perhaps by certain other rarer conditions.
It is important that your child is examined by a doctor, who will be able to see what is going on much better than I can through a letter. Your child may also need an X-ray of his back.
Most cases of scoliosis can be treated with exercises aimed at strengthening back muscles and improving posture.
Sometimes treatment can involve wearing a back brace for some time. If his legs are of unequal length, a shoe lift for the shorter leg may be prescribed.
Only in severe cases is surgery required to correct the asymmetry.
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Seleccione un juego y complete el formulario para una invitación.
¿Solo los jugadores de un país pueden participar en los clasificatorios?
llené el formulario, ¿qué sigue?
Si estás jugando a Dota 2 o CS: GO, debes agregar el Administrador de UCC en FaceIT, y luego esperar una invitación al torneo en la plataforma.
Si juegas Hearthstone y StarCraft II, recibirás un correo electrónico con un enlace a los calificadores y los códigos para unirte a ellos.
What if after 48 hours I didn’t receive an Email with information about qualifiers for Hearthstone or StarCraft II?
Por favor revise su carpeta de Spam para correo electrónico. Si no ha encontrado su carta allí, escriba a los administradores de Soporte en la Discord y ellos lo ayudarán.
¿Puedo registrarme para ambos calificadores?
¿Puedo participar en la calificación de 2 o más disciplinas a la vez?
Me he registrado para los clasificatorios del torneo en FaceIT o BattleFY, ¿qué debo hacer a continuación?
si juegas Dota 2, CS: GO o StarCraft II, solo debes esperar la fecha y hora de inicio de los calificativos (pero no olvides leer las reglas).
Si juegas a Hearthstone, no olvides poner tu Decklist en el BattleFY antes de que comiencen los clasificatorios, después de eso solo debes esperar a que comiencen los clasificatorios (pero no olvides leer las reglas también).
¿Dónde puedo encontrar las reglas del torneo?
¿Tiene alguna pregunta o le gustaría ponerse en contacto con la Administración?
To continue registration, add the admin after filling out the form.
This form for participation must be filled once for all open qualifications, for all further qualifying the administrator will send you invitations automatically.
We draw your attention to the fact that only a team completed of players from one country can take part in this tournament.
2) Wait for an invitation to your region's qualifiers on FaceIt.
To participate in the tournament you need to sign up on BATTLEFY and fill out this registration form.
After filling out this form, you will receive an email within 24 hours with a link to the Discord channel to communicate with the tournament administrators + Code for joining the tournament.
*By filling out this form, you consent to the processing of personal data and receiving newsletters from UCC.
You will receive the e-mail with the links to your region's qualifiers and join-codes within 36 hours.
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Diary (n.) A type of virtual Bitchtorrent peer invented by a frustrated teenage girl.
While many people consider diaries to be a normal part of teenager life, it is a provable fact that these were unknown in past times, say 10,000 years ago. Rather than a quaint attempt at self-documentation, diaries may better be seen as a sign of trouble in the life of a young growing woman. Specifically, a female who has access to sufficient Bitchtorrent peers will maintain a healthy store of up-to-date torrents, and high upload ratios, giving her a good social status and high self-esteem. However, an isolated young woman, lacking in sisters, female cousins, and close female friends, will create an imaginary Bitchtorrent peer with whom to create a persistent bond. "Dear diary…"
While there is no direct harm in considering a diary to be a better listener than, for example, one's parents, the indirect damage can be significant and long term. First of all, diary writers will suffer from low self-esteem, having no human peers to help in self-evaluation. This low self-esteem will translate into poor choice of friends, subjects of study, husband, and eventually, interior decorations.
Second, failure to practice real Bitchtorrent at a young age makes females somewhat incompetent at navigating the real world, when they finally leave home. A common coping mechanism is male mimicry, in which a female learns Woofing, seeks employment in a pack structure (that is, a traditional business or bureaucratic setting), and attempts to find self-esteem by competing with males. This strategy is generally guaranteed to fail, leaving the female at thirty with no partner (since family and work do not mix), and unable to get one (since men do not enjoy women who speak Woofing back to them).
Incidentally, even females who do not keep a diary and who establish good Bitchtorrent networks while young, will find their share ratio falling if they invest significantly in male mimicry in a pack structure.
Thirdly, since Bitchtorrent serves as the principle conduit for information about the world, women who do not build healthy Bitchtorrent networks will make errors of judgment based on inadequate information and wrong assumptions. Such as, "I know he loves me, he told me so." To which a real Bitchtorrent peer would reply, "Don't fool yourself, sister, he just wants you to sleep with him," and back that up with the relevant stories. The diary is thus the silent partner in the misery of many young and confused women.
Lastly, and perhaps most importantly from an overall socioeconomic perspective, the failure of a significant proportion of individual Bitchtoothing networks represents a systemic failure of an important aspect of social fabric. A society dominated by Woolfing speakers, lacking the balance that Bitchtorrent networks provide, will be efficient but will also be stupid, and commit ghastly mistakes on a massive scale.
Luckily the 21st century discovered how to make Bitchtorrent work over the Internet, giving us Facebook and Myspace.
Without technological assistance, women will establish persistent peering relationships only with a small number (half a dozen or so) high-value peers. Modern "social networking" software (this common label ignores the essentially gender-oriented nature of the scenario) lets women scale their network to hundreds of lower-value peers, which has been very bad for the diary business, but good for young women everywhere, as well as fun for many men who have found that such web sites let them speak fluent Bitchtorrent, with almost no effort.
Having said all this, it remains a crime of theft (of information value, in the Bitchtorrent sense) for anyone to read another person's diary, unless the writer is a historical figure. Parents who find diaries in their daughters' drawers should under no circumstances read them. They should however take the time to establish a Bitchtorrent channel, starting with the offering of rich and valuable information. To the father who asked his pregnant teenage daughter, "why did you not tell me you had a boyfriend?!", the girl may accurately answer, "because you never told me anything intimate about yourself".
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This is a summary of 14 AMN articles on the following subjects: Assad, Iran, Rouhani, Zarif, Syria, Turkey, India, Pakistan, Houthi, Yemen, Aleppo, Deir_Ezzor, Netanyahu, Putin, Quneitra, Hama, Mhardeh, Kashmir, Baghouz, SDF.
Footage filmed on a field in the Budgam district in the Indian-controlled part of Kashmir shows what appears to be the crash site of an aircraft. According to Indian officials, the aircraft was an Indian Air Force Mi-17 transport chopper, which crashed due to a technical failure and bad weather conditions on Wednesday. Two people were reportedly killed.
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If your family is planning on traveling to Venice, Italy, beware that the city can be filled with expensive tourist traps. However, this shouldn’t deter you from traveling to this one-of-a-kind destination. You can absolutely still see the beauty and culture of Venice. This article shows you how thanks to a few tips from a local.
I am studying abroad in Venice throughout a 15 week semester with Wake Forest University. Based on my time spent in Venice, I can speak to the city like a local, or at least, repeat what the locals have told me. With my own experiences and local Venetian advice, I have put together a few tips to help your family see Venice in the most authentic way possible.
1. See San Marco Square, but don’t eat there.
Saint Mark’s Square, or San Marco as the Italians say, is a beautiful square filled with Venetian history. Saint Mark’s Basilica, which sits at the top of the square, is absolutely worth seeing for its unique Byzantine architectural style and overwhelming gold interior. It’s so rich in decoration based on ancient style, but also because it is the church of Venice. However, after you see the square, the church, and the inside of the church, it’s probably safe to say you can walk in the other direction.
This area is packed with tourists every hour, every day, and every season. While that might seem like an exaggeration, it’s most definitely not. I would recommend seeing this square efficiently and then leaving in order to see other parts of Venice that are less crowded. Moreover, this area is heavily catered towards tourists, so the restaurants that surround the square are less likely to be authentic and are probably more expensive.
2. Skip the classic Venice Gondola ride.
Gondola rides are a must-do for most people when they travel to Venice. However, they are usually around 80 Euro, regardless of where you go in Venice. If this is something you don’t mind spending money on, then you can usually find places around the city that don’t have tons of people in line.
However, my advice would be to land at Venice’s Marco Polo Airport for your vacation and take a water taxi to the place you are staying in. This, in my opinion, eliminates the need to spend money on a gondola ride because it is around the same price for a much longer journey. You will still get to ride a boat in the canals of Venice and see the city from the water. In the end, this will save you money because this is one of two ways to get onto the island. A gondola might seem like a waste of money afterward.
3. Never pay more than 5 euro for a Spritz or a glass of wine.
One of the best things about Venice and Italy as a whole is that it is really cheap to drink there. If you can believe it, most Spritz drinks or house wines by the glass are 5 euro each, or even less. A Spritz is an alcoholic drink that is made with Aperol, Prosecco, and sparkling water. It is a Venetian classic.
The important thing to note is that these prices are for real. And, the cheap prices doesn’t mean that they are bad. In fact, most cheap wine in Italy is of great quality that is much better than cheap wine in America. If you see them for more than that on a menu, you are probably getting ripped off.
4. Try to find a gelato shop off of a main street in Venice.
In my experience, some of the best gelato shops in Venice are off of the bigger streets. For example, the “gelaterias” that surround large tourist areas like St. Mark’s Square or Rialto are usually not as authentic as the ones that you have to wander through alleyways to get to.
In fact, most of those places are chain gelato shops like Grom, which you should probably avoid. These places tend to be more expensive and more like ice cream than actual gelato. True gelato should look creamy, but not as creamy as ice cream. After all, it is made with ice, fresh ingredients, and cream. The thing that makes ice cream so amazingly creamy is milk, cream, and egg yolks combined. This is important to keep in mind so that you taste the real thing in Venice and don’t overpay.
5. Never go to a restaurant that has pictures on the menu.
This is a great tip for Italy in general, but especially Venice. If a restaurant has pictures on the menu this usually means that they are catering towards tourists. Don’t give into the photo of spaghetti even if it looks amazing. You can definitely find another restaurant that’s probably even on the same block with an authentic menu without pictures.
6. Buy Murano glass from Murano, not Venice.
Murano is a Venetian island that is famous for making handblown glass. While you should definitely get some souvenirs, don’t buy them from the island of Venice itself. Instead, you should definitely make the trip to the island of Murano. This only requires a 30-45 minute boat ride one-way. There are tons of shops to see in addition to restaurants and glass factory tours. It is a great opportunity to see a different side of Venice that most tourists skip.
Moreover, the glass is way cheaper there because it doesn’t get transported for sales. It’s also more likely to be real Murano glass if it comes from the island.
Based on the local chatter and my own experiences, these tips are crucial if you want to see the real, authentic Venice. I think it is one of the most unique cities in the world that has so much history and culture to share. However, this can get overshadowed by the tourists that come simply to see St. Mark’s Basilica and take a gondola ride on their way to other places in Italy.
There is no reason why you shouldn’t travel to Venice. There is also no reason why you should spend too much money while surrounded by too many people. Try these tips and enjoy better, cheaper food and cultural sights.
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Charles Baskerville, chemist and college professor, was born in Deerbrook, Noxubel County, Miss., the son of Charles Baskerville, a physician and former Confederate Army captain, and his wife, Augusta Johnson. The family traced its origins to Charles Baskerville of Mecklenburg County, Va., a Continental army officer during the American Revolution. A cousin, William W. Baskerville (1850–99), was a noted professor of English at Vanderbilt University (1881–89).
Baskerville's father distinguished himself in treating the sick during the yellow fever epidemics at Memphis, Tenn., in 1876 and 1879; he died of pneumonia contracted in the course of the latter epidemic. Baskerville grew up in his maternal grandparents' home in Columbus, Miss., where he worked part-time as a printer's devil. After a varied academic career, including studies in local Columbus schools, two years at the University of Mississippi, and specialty courses at the University of Virginia (1890) and Vanderbilt (1890–91), he entered The University of North Carolina, from which he was graduated with a B.S. degree in 1892.
Baskerville's undergraduate record at Chapel Hill was brilliant. A member of Phi Beta Kappa, the Gimghouls, and Delta Kappa Epsilon Fraternity, he was also president of the powerful University Athletic Association and first editor of the student newspaper, the Tar Heel. In his spare time he was fullback and manager of the Carolina football squads of 1892, 1893, and 1894.
After an intensive summer course in chemistry at the University of Berlin (1893), Baskerville returned to Chapel Hill to complete his graduate work under Francis Preston Venable; in 1894 he received a doctorate for his dissertation, A Comparison of the Methods of Estimation and Separation of Zirconium. Within the next decade, he advanced rapidly in the university hierarchy, serving successively as assistant in the chemical laboratory (1891–93), instructor in chemistry (1893–94), assistant professor of chemistry (1894–98), and associate professor of chemistry (1898–1900). In 1900, upon Venable's succession to the presidency, Baskerville became chairman of the chemistry department, Smith Professor of General and Analytic Chemistry (after 1902, Smith Professor of General and Industrial Chemistry), and director of the chemical laboratory, all of which positions he held until 1904. From 1901 onward, he was also staff chemist for the North Carolina State Geological Survey.
During this period, Baskerville continued his research, concentrating on a study of the rare earths thorium, lanthanum, praseodymium, and neodymium and the rare metals titanium and zirconium. This work was climaxed in 1903, when Baskerville announced the discovery of two previously unknown chemical elements, which he named "carolinium" and "berzelium." Though refuted by later research, these claims were sufficiently respected by his contemporaries to earn him an invitation to join the faculty of the City College of New York, which he accepted in 1904.
From 1904 onward, Baskerville served as professor of chemistry at City College and as director of its chemical laboratories, succeeding D. O. Doremus. In these capacities, he completely reorganized his department, designed new laboratory facilities, and acted as a consultant to the city, state, and federal governments in such fields as wood alcohol regulation and school and factory ventilation. At the same time, his personal research shifted from pure science to such applied fields as the manufacture and use of surgical anaesthetics, refinement of vegetable oil, recovery of shale oil, and recycling of paper. As chairman of the American Chemical Society's Committee on Occupational Diseases, he was among the first scientists to study seriously the problem of industry-related illnesses.
A member (1894) and fellow (1898) of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Baskerville served as secretary of its chemical section (1898), secretary of the association's council (1899), and vice-president and section secretary (1903); he was also a member of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, the American Electrochemical Society, the Washington Academy of Science, the New York Academy of Science, the Franklin Institute, and several other scientific associations.
The author of six books and over two hundred scientific papers, Baskerville also wrote extensively on scientific topics for such popular journals as Science and Review of Reviews.
On 24 Apr. 1895, Baskerville married Mary Boykin Shaw* (1872–1957) of Raleigh. The couple had two children: Charles, Jr. (b. 1896), a popular New York commercial artist, portrait-painter, and muralist; and Elizabeth Snow.
Baskerville died at his home in New York and was buried at Oakwood Cemetery in Raleigh.
*The name here should be Mary Boylan Snow, not Mary Boykin Shaw.
Barnhardt, J. H. and Francis Preston Venable, MSS written for Samuel A. Ashe, ed., Biographical History of North Carolina (Library, Duke University, Durham).
Baskerville, Charles. Aids to Teachers of School Chemistry (1899).
Baskerville, Charles and L. J. Curtman. A Course in Qualitative Chemical Analysis. New York: Macmillian Company, 1910.
Baskerville, Charles. "The Elements: Verified and Unverified" Science 19, no. 472 (January 15, 1904): 88-100. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1631439 (accessed February 15, 2019).
Baskerville, Charles. "The Function of the University." University of Virginia Alumni Bulletin (August 1910).
Baskerville, Charles. Radium and Radio-active Substances: Their Application Especially to Medicine. Philadelphia: Williams, Brown & Earle, 1905. https://archive.org/details/radiumandradioa00baskgoog (accessed February 15, 2019).
Baskerville, Charles, ed. Municipal Chemistry: a Series of Thirty Lectures by Experts on the Application of the Principles of Chemistry to the City, Delivered at the College of the City of New York, 1910. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1911. https://archive.org/details/municipalchemist00baskuoft (accessed February 15, 2019).
Gwathmey, James Tayloe and Charles Baskerville, eds. Anaesthesia. New York: D. Appleton and Co., 1914. https://archive.org/details/anesthesia00gwat (accessed February 15, 2019).
Battle, Kemp P. History of the University of North Carolina. Vol. 2. Raleigh: Edwards A. Broughton Printing Company,1912. https://archive.org/details/historyofunivers02batt (accessed February 20, 2019).
Hamor, W. A. "Charles Baskerville." Science 55, no. 1435 (June 30,1922): 693-694. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1645304 (accessed Feburary 20, 2019).
Barringer, Paul Brandon, James Mercer Garnett, and Roswell Page, eds. University of Virginia: Its history, Influence, Equipment and Characteristics with Biographical Sketches and Portraits of Founders, Benefactors, Officers and Alumni. Vol. 2. New York: Lewis Publishing Company, 1904. https://archive.org/details/universityofvirg02barr (accessed February 20, 2019).
State of North Carolina. Public Documents: Session 1919. Raleigh: Edwards & Broughton Printing Co.,1919. http://digital.ncdcr.gov/cdm/ref/collection/p249901coll22/id/154883 (accessed February 20, 2019).
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Yackety yack [serial]. Chapel Hill, Publications Board of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1901. https://archive.org/details/yacketyyackseria1920univ (accessed March 22, 2013).
Their daughter Elizabeth McCulloch Baskerville was named after Mary's mother, Elizabeth McCulloch Boylan Snow.
Thank you for sharing this information with us. We will add a note just below the article pointing out this information.
I enjoyed this article so much. I knew that he was Charles the artist's father and that he taught at UNC, Chpel Hill. I knew that he had studied or had attended lectures by Madame Curie. I had only looked up one of his books at Wilson Library at UNC. This article really helped me get to know about this relative. My mother and I got to visit Charles Junior once when he was in his 90s in New York.
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The Economic Activity Composite (EAC), a proprietary multi-variable composite of mostly market-based variables, represents a leading measure of economic activity within the United States.
A Reuters headline suggests the weekly jobless claims fall, but trend weakening. The computer's take would be, don't look at the trend, look at time. Jobless claims, an important sub component of the EAC, have been trending down for 100 weeks (see EAC tab of Matrix). The cycle of time, BrST = 2.4, says 100 weeks is due for a reversal in 2019. In other words, jobless claims are due to rise in 2019 not because of the trend but rather TIME. The Fed might be guessing, but their decision to stop raising rates in 2018 has lots of support from the computer.
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At last...."Geometry" was the category for Final Jeopardy on 10/23/07. As host Alex Trebek stated, a "very difficult-sounding category."
Assuming you had $10,000 built up, how much would you bet on this category?
The given answer was: "It's an ellipse with an eccentricity of zero."
First, Alex Trebek admitted that it was a long time since he had geometry and had no idea when he saw the clue. Then, all three contestants formed the correct question: "What is a circle?"
My question: Is eccentricity taught as part of most geometry courses? I don't think so....and I think the contestants were lucky with their guesses!
In case you have forgotten, eccentricity e of an ellipse is the constant ratio of the distance of a point on the ellipse from a focus to the point's distance from the corresponding directrix. And, for an ellipse with semimajor axis a and semiminor axis b, eccentricity e = SQRT[1 - (a/b)2]. For a circle, a = b, which implies that e = 0.
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Extract: Why icebergs mean oceans store more carbon Here’s how it works: as Antarctic ice sheets slowly slide towards the ocean they bump along the continent’s bedrock, picking up iron and other nutrients which become imprisoned within the ice. When icebergs melt they release these chemicals into the sea. As icebergs are essentially freshwater, their water is buoyant and ascends to the ocean surface, where the iron and nutrients are utilised by phytoplankton – tiny plant-like organisms at the bottom of the marine food web. This makes a big difference in the Southern Ocean, where limited dissolved iron – important for cell growth – restricts productivity despite an abundance of nitrate. Melting icebergs release iron in a bio-available form, so encourage phytoplankton growth, photosynthesis, and the draw-down of atmospheric CO2.
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I've been into How To posts lately, so I wanted to share some tips about something I struggled heavily within the past -- staying positive.
I find myself always promising myself in the beginning of every year that I want to be more positive, however as the months pass by, I usually forget my goals and let stress take me over. Through a series of trial and error I've learned what works and what doesn't, so here are some tips as to how to revolutionize your way of thinking RIGHT NOW to create the optimal environment to clear out negativity and reach your goals!
Though it may sound counterintuitive to preventing negativity it's necessary to reflect on your past mistakes and failures. This can be difficult to approach without bias as we often try to brush our mishaps under the rug and continue pushing forward. However, acknowledging our mistakes and identifying what exactly went wrong can help us build a stronger foundation to approach future problems.
Whether it be in your business or personal life, take time to identify what didn't work out and critically think as to why that is so. With this in mind, we can set a base goal, which is our goal that we work on a daily basis to fulfill. For example, if you were laid off this year, you can create the base goal that you want to find employment that makes you happy and fulfilled in your work.
I suggest having a physical representation of your positive mindset/goals. Keep a planner, write a journal, make a mood board, etc. Anything that can remind you to slow down and de-stress!
I've talked about how to do this in more depth in my 'How To Let Go of Toxic Relationships' post, which you can read here! To summarize: Getting rid of negative energy can manifest itself in physically cleaning, such as cleaning out your home, or analyzing your current relationships. If there are people or activities that weigh you down, keeping them in your life will perpetuate a cycle of negativity. This may be easier said than done as some toxic people may be those who are extremely close to us. It's important to understand that as time goes on, building close relationships with those who will encourage and foster your growth is something that you deserve.
Surrounding yourself with people and activities that stress you out will only hinder your personal growth, and affect your self-image. If you're hesitant to transition into this type of mindset, try taking small steps towards a specified goal. Distance yourself gradually from those who do not support you, or slowly cut down on a bad habit day by day. Gradual results are still results.
If you approach a situation with a self-doubting mindset, you're more than likely to fail. Understand your strengths and weaknesses and how you can play upon those to build a better environment for your success. Don't be afraid to acknowledge things that you do well. If you are an excellent writer, try writing a blog about a topic you're passionate about to showcase your talents. If you enjoy photography, make it an active part of your life by posting your photos on social media or perhaps sharing them in a portfolio.
Imagine: You're a multi-talented, confident person who is focused, driven and can accomplish anything. Make this statement, and many other positive affirmations, a part of your everyday life. Before anyone else can put their belief in you, you must first believe in yourself. Your power stems from your image of yourself, and improving your confidence is an essential part of adopting a healthy mindset in your everyday life.
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A reader wants to know what can be done about a house in his neighbourhood which is in a dilapidated state and poses a potential threat to those living in proximity to the building.
The house is an eye-sore and earlier repair efforts by the owner appear to have been abandoned.
Building materials, including wooden beams and metal scaffolding, are precariously stacked against the side of the house, while some beams and scaffolding appear to be propping up the house itself.
He says several full refuse bags are piled up next to the house, but he is not sure what they contain.
The reader adds that the house is seemingly used for business purposes, with customers and staff in and out of the house during the day.
He says children playing in the neighbourhood sometimes collect rugby or soccer balls from the yard of the house and he feels that a collapse of the structure could be disastrous.
A few of his neighbours share his concerns and he says they have approached the owner, who is seemingly unconcerned.
The National Building Regulations and Building Standards Act deals with the construction of buildings and the standards relating to construction works and buildings.
Section 12 of the act provides a useful starting point by providing the local authority with various options.
If the authority feels the building is dilapidated or in a state of disrepair, it may serve notice on the owner to demolish it.
Or it can order the owner to secure the building in such a manner that it does not present any danger to those in proximity.
If the local authority feels the condition of any building, land or earthwork is such that steps should forthwith be taken to protect life or property, it may do so without serving or delivering such notice on the owner.
In addition, it may recover the costs of such steps from the owner.
It is arguably necessary to adopt such aggressive action as it allows the local authority to take swift steps to secure the structure of the house if it is a potential danger to the lives of the occupants and visitors.
Section 12 also permits the authority to instruct the owner to remove any persons from the building and to prevent further access.
The local authority will provide written consent when it again permits access to the building.
Acting in contravention may result in the person concerned being convicted with a fine.
The reader may also wish to examine the by-laws applicable in the municipality in which he resides as there may be provisions on which he could rely that may be less stringent in respect of the state of disrepair.
Certain by-laws focus more on the health nuisance or health risk by addressing, for example, the lack of adequate ventilation of a building or waste not being disposed of regularly or properly.
Other by-laws may go so far as to simply state that no person may allow any building to fall into a dilapidated, neglected or unsightly state.
This type of by-law is very broad in its application and could be considered particularly subjective in the assessment, beauty being in the eye of the beholder.
It is, however, required that such a state be regarded as a nuisance to others where it is offensive or dangerous.
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Dimethyltryptamine, a primary alkaloid in plants such as the Diplopterys cabrerana, Mimosa hostilis, and appearing in Psychotria viridis, is a naturally-occurring tryptamine first synthesized chemically in 1931.
Elements in red above are of the form "such as X,Y and appearing in Z". There is a parallelism error in this sentence and is thus incorrect.
Incorrect. Plual verb "are" is incorrect for singular subject "Dimethyltryptamine".
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Do you remember learning how to write? I'm not talking about spelling, but about forming letters. Spending hours copying the huge print letters in the teacher's handwriting on the blackboard into your notebook, trying to stay on the lines. Doing it over and over. Finally, your squiggles became legible and mom said: 'darling, how wonderful! You just wrote an 'A'!
Likewise when you were learning how to speak and understand a foreign language. At first you understood nothing. Then you caught words here and there, then phrases, and finally whole sentences. Clearly, the erstwhile insignificant improvements in understanding, ultimately led to a most significant improvement after all, the allowed you to actually speak the language. We can apply the analogy to sports, to music, public speaking, to sewing, to studying, to fishing, to playing tennis, and any activity you can think of at all.
We know all of this, and yet we seem to find it so difficult to apply it to our relationships. Imagine making small - and apparently insignificant - improvements in how patient you are with your partner. Or small - apparently insignificant - improvements in how considerate you are. Or small - and apparently insignificant - improvements in how much you help around the house, or are willing to occasionally go to football games or the opera (insert whatever your spouse loves doing that you don't like). Or small - and apparently insignificant - improvements in how much you move that half mile towards your partner in those things he/she has often asked you to think about or do, or share with him/her.
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Why do steins have lids?
What's the point of the lid on the beer stein?
To keep the beer cool by preventing airflow from above.
To keep insects and other contaminants out.
To prevent spillage while cheers-ing and generally carousing.
See the following article on Stein Lids for more detail.
The steins with their lids seem to have come about as a result of the bubonic plague to serve as sanitary measure and thus keep flies and other insects (fleas) out of the beer.
From about 1340 until 1380, a bubonic plague, or Black Death, killed more than 25 million Europeans! As horrible as this historic event was, it prompted tremendous progress for civilization. And, of interest here, it is also responsible for the origin of the beer stein.
Recall from above that the distinction between a mug and a stein is the hinged lid. This lid was originally conceived entirely as a sanitary measure. During the summers of the late 1400s, hoards of little flies frequently invaded Central Europe. By the early 1500s, several principalities in what is now Germany had passed laws requiring that all food and beverage containers be covered to protect consumers against these dirty insects. The common mug also had to be covered, and this was accomplished by adding a hinged lid with a thumblift. This ingenious invention was soon used to cover all German beverage containers while still allowing them to be used with one hand. - A Brief History of Beer Steins.
For more information one should read The Beer Stein Book: A 400 Year History.
Beer with hops will get skunky shortly after exposure to sun light. Exposure of about 15 seconds and you can smell the change start if you hold it to your nose in bright sun light. I have one and use it during outdoor barbecues.
My Austrian father-in-law tells me that they're also handy for keeping ashes out of your beer. I don't smoke, so that had never really occurred to me until he mentioned it.
I believe the lid was also used during the Revolutionary War to keep the Kings naval soldiers from throwing a British coin into the beer of an unsuspecting drunk colonist in a tavern. Legend has it that once the ale was consumed, the remaining coin would signify that the owner of the stein would be incriminated by default, to the loyalty of the King. He would then be immediately drafted into the Naval Army of the King. Consequently, the need for a glass bottom to the stein was adopted as a precaution for colonists to be able to see the naval officers by simply lifting up the stein and prevent capture..
I visited Bavaria last November and noticed how comfortable the people were outdoors. Maybe they used the lids to keep the snow from watering down their beer. I think it’s the best!
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged history serving glassware or ask your own question.
What temperature should I serve my beer?
Why is it important to have foam on a beer?
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'X' marks to indicate quality?
Why does Belgium have such a rich and profound brewing culture?
Why do France and Italy have so much lower beer consumption than their neighbors?
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To what extent did President Woodrow Wilson provide a "New Freedom" for the American people?
In his Fourteen Points, President Woodrow Wilson spoke of a New World order being established in a League of Nations.
Wilson's domestic policy was called the New Freedom. He believed government's role was to create a level playing field for all competitors in the market place.
Alice Paul said, "There will never be a new world order until women are a part of it."
How would Alice Paul answer the above question?
Woodrow Wilson provided a "New Freedom" for the United states, but it was a freedom of finance and economy. Wilson worked to crush the special privileges received by the rich and powerful of the nation and to expand the opportunities economically for the people on the lower end of society. However, giving economic freedom is not freedom at all to a woman of this time period that had no say in who held office and governed them. To a woman who sat in a home and cared for children while the men went out and made the world and made it IN the world. Wilson had to be hounded, had to be pushed over and over before he finally made the amend. And only did he even offer this to congress when a woman was ready to die in his jail for this movement, and it was leaked to the press of the terrible circumstances of which she faced for it. Yes, a new freedom. But he didn't see the need for women to be a part of this "new freedom", until it was thrown in his face and would make him be seen as an incompetent President to foreign countries if he did otherwise.
During President Woodrow Wilson's campaign against President Roosevelt, Wilson promoted his "new freedom" as freedom for enterprise. He was outright against Theodore Roosevelt on the topic of antitrust modification. Woodrow Wilson claimed that "If America is not to have free enterprise, he can have freedom of no sort whatever." It was apparent he wanted a more free economy, but I do not believe he had intentions of tackling women's suffrage rights when he first took office in 1913. Women eventually did gain the right to vote in 1920 with the 19th amendment, which could indirectly credit him with a "new freedom" for American people. However, Alice Paul would most likely have given him no credit for granting new freedom to American people. She would say that he made it more difficult for women to acquire suffrage by clearly ignoring the women's righteous protest until the last moment.
President Wilson's "Fourteen Points" speech was basically about justifying the United States joining the Great War by saying it was being fought for just causes. He had a nice idea, no more secret arrangements, free navigation of all seas, an end to economic barriers between countries etc. Wilson included everything his new policy was going to do for the other nations of the world in his plan however nowhere did he include a solution to a major issue going on right in the U.S. During this time period woman in the U.S. were still fighting for suffrage. In Wilson's speech he says "An evident principle runs through the whole program I have outlined. It is the principle of justice to all peoples and nationalities, and their right to live on equal terms of liberty and safety with one another, whether they be strong or weak." Alice Paul would say that President Wilson greatly contradicted himself in his speech .
Sorry my last sentence got cut short. What I meant to say was..
Alice Paul would say that President Wilson greatly contradicted himself as this speech, which talked about the right of everyone to live on equal terms, was presented in 1918 and women did not gain the right to vote until 1920.
President Woodrow Wilson provided a “new freedom” for the American people because he recognized that the main issue was the relationship between big business and government. Woodrow’s main goal was to create success by reforming tariffs, banking and currency matters, antitrust modifications, negotiating foreign affairs and creating peace. In Wilson’s Fourteen Points the first five dealt with issues of broad international concern while the next eight points referred to specific territorial questions. Woodrow Wilson wanted to create peace so that it could be embraced by many populations that were enemies with one another in order to generate a hope to end the war. Alice Paul once said, "There will never be a new world order until women are a part of it." Alice Paul was a women suffragist fighter and leader who wanted equal rights for all. She believed that a new world would only exist if women were part of it having the same opportunities as men. Alice would of said that in order to make the world considered “new freedom” women would need to be included with the same rights as everyone else. Wilson tried really hard to pass the 19th amendment, giving women the right to vote but congress had denied it, women having to wait another year. Wilson did care towards women. Wilson said, “we have made partners of the women in this war...Shall we admit them only to a partnership of suffering and sacrifice and toil and not to a partnership of privilege and right?" Wilson basically saying that since they are in this war together why not make them permanently free, in other words give them their rights they deserve.
Alice Paul was not a big fan of President Woodrow Wilson, if nothing else, for his lack of zeal in pushing a women's suffrage bill. Wilson was reluctant to give women voting rights. In 1917, Paul said, "MR. PRESIDENT, HOW LONG MUST WOMEN WAIT FOR LIBERTY?" Paul attacked Wilson on the platform that he was waging war abroad, while ignoring the needs of womens' suffrage at home. She called this hypocritical. Though Wilson created much opportunity for the American people socially and economically, womens' voting rights seemed to fall by the wayside. This is what Paul spoke of when she said, "there will never be a new world order unless women are a part of it." Paul would say that Wilson did not help the American people as a whole, unless the voices of women were included in his quest. When women were granted the right to vote in 1920 with the 19th amendment, Alice Paul would not give muh credit to Wilson for the accomplishment, as he had very little to do with its occurrence.
alice Paul felt as if president Woodrow didn't respect woman. He flamed to be for change but wouldn't help woman's suffrage. If the president was truly for change he would have backed up Alice Paul and her group of independent woman. There for the president was not looking towards the future in the eyes of the woman. He is staying in the past believing woman can't contribute towards the future if America.
How can Woodrow Wilson say he is providing a new freedom? How dare he have the audacity to say that it is necessary for the United States to join the war in order to spread the seeds of democracy when he is the president of a country whose own democracy is being asphyxiated? President Wilson is waving a false front, standing up for freedom as a pompous bringer of light. He cares for his economy and personal gain. He doesn't care about his people, he doesn't care for the people in foreign countries. Wilson supported entering the war saying that it was purely altruistic, but this is a fallacy. He wanted to join the war because of the pressure England's trade policies were exhibiting on the economy. President Wilson pushed so avidly for a free peaceful trade network throughout the world because he wanted uninhibited economic power. When Wilson said he wanted to create an equal playing field for for all competitors he just accidentally forgot to think of the hundreds of thousands of women under his government. Oops, honest mistake I'm sure. Let's not worry about a "new" freedom before ALL citizens have a basic one.
President Woodrow Wilson provided his so-called “New Freedom” to those who already possessed freedoms to begin with, the men, just as the government of the United States had always done since its inception. The “New Freedom” is meant to level the playing field for the marketplace and yet, the playing field for equality and even for life in the United States has not yet been leveled. President Wilson’s blatant disregard for the welfare of women echoes the sentiments of many leaders in the country, all of whom are also male. It is the widely held belief that the “problems of men” are of a higher priority than ensuring the equality of all people regardless of gender. After all, why worry about equality when one already has rights? This is precisely why President Wilson’s “New Freedom” excludes women’s equality as it blazes the path of tariff, business, and banking reform with such acts as the Underwood Tariff Act, the Federal Trade Act, and the Clayton Anti-trust Act as well as establishing the Federal Trade Commission. While the “New Freedom” may have brought about a new world order for many working men in the United States, it is the unfortunate fact that “there will never be a new world order until women are a part of it” seeing as it is both ridiculous and unpractical to ignore the needs of and infringe upon the rights of half the population of this country.
"They call to us to say what it is that we desire, in what, if in anything, our purpose and our spirit differ from theirs; and I believe that the people of the United States would wish me to respond, with utter simplicity and frankness. Whether their present leaders believe it or not, it is our heartfelt desire and hope that some way may be opened whereby we may be privileged to assist the people of Russia to attain their utmost hope of liberty and ordered peace."
Unfortunately, there are some Americans who feel they do not withhold basic liberty themselves in their home country, let alone support the independence of Russia. While optimistic in his foreign affairs policies, President Wilson fails to take into consideration the role of women during the early twentieth century. After the American war entrance, suffragists believed that if the United States would defend democracy abroad, they deserved it at home, especially women, who had been long awaiting the right to vote. Angered suffragettes, led by Alice Paul in 1917, picketed outside the White House, demanding female suffrage. Wilson tipped his hat, smiled, invited the ladies in for coffee. Not very good manners or respect from an American president. As 1917 rolled on, women remained in front of the iron gates. They were arrested, detained, and sentenced to beating and force-feeding in workhouses for 60 days. They were dragged, punched, and choked by angry crowds. And yet women remained. Presidents have to remain open-minded on politically hot issues, which Wilson did with difficulty. He believed these suffragettes were unfeminine, unpatriotic, and insulting. And the only reason he began to reconsider his stance on women's rights, and even address the Senate in favor of women's suffrage (to which was rejected), was because Wilson realized that he needed women's votes, nearly half of the American population, to be in favor of his unsuccessful policies and opinions on the war.
So, keeping this political story time in mind, one can infer that if you asked Alice Paul to what extent he provided a "New Freedom" to the American people, she would scoff.
Ever sense the Presidential campaign of 1912 Woodrow Wilson didn't support women's suffrage. He wasn't in favor of women's suffrage while his opponent Theodore Roosevelt was in favor of it. So right from the start, Wilson wasn't supported by women. Alice Paul organized "Silent Sentinels who protested in front of the White House, holding banners which stated "Mr. President -- What will you do for woman suffrage?" As you can see Paul didn't much support or appreciate the President. Wilson was used to these types of protest such as the Anti-war protests outside of the White House's gates. The women while plead for suffrage a lot of the time had been anti-war supporters. Wilson had seen these protests as becoming increasingly more disruptive. One day the protectors and bystanders who supported the war went against each other and fought. Wilson had all these people arrested and many of the women "fasted" or went on hunger strikes. Because of this President Wilson was nervous about a bad reputation and didn't want his administration brandished so in January of 1919 he agreed to a suffrage amendment. Two years later the 19th Amendment was passed and women were granted suffrage. I believe Paul would say that American's were not given a "New Freedom" and that Wilson only support the businesses of the time. Wilson did pass a tariff reform,a business reform, and a bank reform but nothing for women until late in his presidency. Alice Paul would simply say that Woodrow Wilson waited too long and many women went through too much before they were granted suffrage. Also, I believe Paul would Woodrow Wilson little credit to the 19th Amendment saying that he only did this too keep his reputation from being tarnished. But I believe Wilson deserves a little more credit then he's given. In his speech to congress of September of 1917 he said this about women who were contributing to the home front during WWI, "we have made partners of the women in this war...Shall we admit them only to a partnership of suffering and sacrifice and toil and not to a partnership of privilege and right?". Wilson was trying to protect his self but I think hat he realized that women deserved this right and deserves some more credit then he usually receives because throughout his presidency his opinion towards women's suffrage grew in favor of it.
During his campaign against Roosevelt President Wilson won the 1912 Elections through his speeches. Wilson spoke of a better society and recieved 42% of the vote. After winning wilson addressed his "New Freedom" Through his fourteen points which spoke out against the causes of the war and economic barriers of trade in the world, Wilson believed the the government should play the field so to speak. He believed that in the business society the only way to tame monopolys were by anti trust acts.
Computer gave up on me, wasn't completely done..
Wilsons idea to a new freedom began with a Stronger democratic party, he strived to replace the republican administration for placing high tariffs on commonly imported goods wilson felt that high tariffs were a economic downfall and hurt the pockets of average americans. Wilson was successful in his attempts to change the tariffs acts and congress eventually passed the Underwood act which decreased the tarriffs on all imported goods by 25%. Wilson also sought to improve the nations federal banking system which had been very inefficient up until his time of presidency. During his "New Freedom" reform Wilson only thought of himself he wanted to provide a new freedom for himself and men like him he did not think of the women or children whom were not affected by his changes directly but who felt the effect due to his attitude toward their struggles. During the 1900s women wanted nothing more than the right to a voice and to feel equal to their spouse but with a president like wilson they did not get the respect they deserved. Women like alice paul did not support Wilson because he was not supportive of them, Paul gathered a group of women to protest infront of the white house questioning wilsons support of womens reform.
In my opinion wilson did not provide a "New Freedom" he made changes that would later only affect the MEN of his caliber which was a selfsh move seeing as though he was not only the president to men but the president to every person male or female in American society during that time. He made beneficial changes but to say he provided a "New Freedom" shows his bold arrogance .
While in his first term, President Wilson enacted many policies as a part of "The New Freedom". The most important programs of this New Freedom were attempts at trying to better the economy of the U.S. While some of these programs, such as the creation of a federal reserve, were successful, some people of the time speculated that the New Freedom did not go far enough to help the other aspects of American life. One of these critics was Alice Paul, an advocate of women's suffrage. Alice Paul thought that President Wilson should have focused on the important topic of suffrage amongst his other ideas when creating the New Freedom. While much of the country during President Wilson's tenure bought into his New Freedom, a very large portion (women) thought it didn't go far enough.
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Given the demographic on Instagram, you have to determine if your company is a best fit for the type of audience that frequents there. If you’re not the type of business or service that is readily able to turn a sales conversion from an Instagram post, it might pay to simply view Instagram as a platform for creating a loyal fan base of customers by launching a merchandising range.
The consumer demographic on Instagram is chiefly under 35, and purchases mostly fast moving consumer goods, including apparel and entertainment items. If you want to maximise your investment in Instagram, and your business is for example a law firm, or a plumbing service, to create brand awareness should be the goal.
Instagram is an awesome platform to use to get your business out there.
Interspersing consumer branded goods and also using Instagram stories will help push you as the recognisable service in the community. To create a large Instagram following, and to create a range of merchandise if that is appropriate, adding a line of products as a passive revenue stream is a simple method of advertising and marketing.
You then enable your fan base to wear your consumer goods, and they go out among the community, creating free advertising and product placements for you, so you win as a corporate enterprise.
Simple merchandise can be created using a print on demand service, that costs you nothing up front, and these services have design tools built into the platforms.
For example a massage service in Brisbane created a range of apparel that were novel, and this created another revenue stream to support the main business. This helps maximise the opportunity for all businesses to participate and make the most of Instagram social sharing.
Instagram is the best social media sharing platform for apparel, jewellery, shoes, handbags, entertainment products, bloggers, travel writers and social media influencers. A lot of celebrities promote their line of beauty products via Instagram, and businesses can approach celebrity influencers to do product placements in order to promote their goods and services.
The types of people that use Instagram include travel bloggers, selfie and beauty product users, people with pets, home decorating enthusiasts, fashionistas and people who love the success quotes and look for daily inspiration.
The best way to make use of Instagram as a marketing platform is to think outside of traditional advertising, and instead use the platform to create a fanbase. A lot of creative ideas have been used on Instagram to successfully create sales leads, but these are also paired with campaigns on other social media platforms.
Some video bloggers encourage their subscribers to follow them on Instagram, in order to receive free PDF reports, information and enter into various competitions. Competitions are a great way to increase engagement levels on Instagram.
Knowing the statistics is important to improve your chances of success.
Posts with hashtags are 12% more likely to receive engagement than other posts.
Brighter images receive around 500% more likes than darker images.
Include a call to action to lead people to like and comment on a posting.
Include witty comments that spark more comments from other people.
The best time to post on Instagram is on Monday between 8-9 a.m. with the least likely time to get interaction on Sundays.
Posting a video at 9 p.m. on Instagram gets over 30% more interactions than at other times.
Include a link in URL in your bio, and in a post include a call to action to get people to click on your URL so they can follow your blog.
Utilise Instagram stories, which are creative ways to enhance your posts, and push a lot of great ideas. People tend to interact with these considerably more than regular posts as they are time limited.
Create banner pictures on your Instagram profile in order to get people’s attention, and this is an often overlooked strategy that works considerably well.
Videos posted to Instagram create a large amount of post engagement.
Cross promote on other social channels in order to create a larger catchment for your audience.
Use branded filters to create a uniform feel to your Instagram feed.
These are high volume sales, low cost items, and for businesses that wish to seriously take advantage of these products, it is best to either focus solely on being an affiliate sales company (using Amazon, Ali-express or Oberlo) or create your own product line of bespoke goods selling handmade goods (and using Instagram as a platform to promote an Etsy store).
Other businesses that do not strictly sell goods, but are service providers, can easily create the print on demand novelty range of merchandise.
The type of business you own will determine the way you use Instagram.
A case study is perhaps the best way to illustrate making the best use of Instagram and ensuring it is not simply a place to share photographs, but that it is giving a return on investment. A person who has retired as a retail store manager, and gone back to university is rethinking his career.
He is studying accounting and financial planning, and has previously created a range of bespoke men’s personal care products including shaving oils and facial care products. They are high quality hand made items, and would fall into the range of luxury goods.
In order to create a successful stream of income, he can use Etsy or Shopify as an e-commerce solution and then use Instagram as a suitable social sharing platform in order to promote his goods to the right demographic. His goods are at the price point in the higher end of the market due to them being a bespoke item, and the time involved in creating them.
He is aware of his unique selling position, as these goods are for the man who is wanting to purchase a luxury handcrafted item that is not readily available in the stores, and will make him feel better about his own individual expression.
To supplement his bespoke personal care range, he can create a range of apparel that promotes the values of his brand, and also offer dropshipped products such as razors, grooming tools and other personal care electric items that complement the core product offering.
Each of these product lines is part of the fast moving consumer goods, and he can create a promotion on Instagram for each of these lines, using various methods of promotion.
One of the most successful ways to bring sales conversions on Instagram is to use the banner post, which a lot of accounts have not fully exploited, and as these are time consuming are less likely to do so. Banner posts are limited by Instagram, so maximising the use of them is critical to successfully exploiting them.
One of his most expensive products could be beautifully photographed, turned into a banner image by an app such as Giant Square, and then he could instigate a competition, and use a call to action, as well as including a link to his Etsy store where he also has a content blog.
This maximises the whole marketing platform, and when he also uses Instagram in conjunction with other social media platforms, he should be making use of metrics, gathering information from Google Analytics to determine how he can further improve on his marketing methods.
Instagram can and should be used in conjunction with other digital marketing strategies.
This is just one way for an entrepreneur to take advantage of Instagram as a way to create sales conversions. Another way to fully exploit Instagram as a money making machine is to use Instagram Stories.
There are 250 million daily active users reported on Instagram Stories, and this is a fresh and vital way of creating content that, if not necessarily generating income, but creating a new potential audience that will repeated brand placement before them will get hooked into buying.
Spontaneous, authentic and fresh, it pushes you into the realm of authenticity, which is highly valued amongst a sea of contrived and crafted posts. The demographic on Instagram prizes authenticity, and it will set your brand amongst the “creatives” meaning that you will be viewed as highly relevant.
If you have thought about how your enterprise can take advantage of the large ocean of Instagram users, and you target them in the right way, it means you can succeed in meeting people where they are at, and turn them into repeat purchasers, or even better still when they purchase your brand’s merchandise, then they become walking advertisements for you company.
Could you imagine a better way to advertise than to be having a legion of thousands of followers walking around the streets of major cities wearing your branded t-shirts? It is so achievable yet so few businesses take advantage of being able to turn a whole lot of fans into walking advertising banners.
Major corporations have done it with broadcast media, and now in the age of social sharing, it is possible for the small scale entrepreneur to become hugely recognised, and then be deposited into the minds of maybe thousands of potential customers.
Large corporations use the power of repetition to push their brand, and then that becomes the go-to for many people when they are not wanting to have to think too hard about where to find the best possible product or fight against decision fatigue.
Although this is a long range strategy, it ensures that you have the best possible long term survival of your company, and also end up thriving well ahead of your competitors.
For simplicity however, you can simply stick to what you are best at, creating products that solve solutions. Sandi Krawkowski, a social media brand influencer on Facebook talks about how when you solve solutions, you become extremely wealthy.
The potential reach of customers for your business on Instagram is huge.
Remember that your market of customers are out there wanting your products and services, and that you fulfill a valuable need. You just have to get in front of the right people, and in the right connections. Social media is the best way to exploit consumer communication in the 21st century.
Outsourcing your digital marketing strategy, SEO, social media campaign design and advertising to a specialist agency is simply the easiest, most effortless and simplest way to go. If you want your story to be one of incredible success, it is a requisite of a booming business, that you outsource your marketing to a quality advertising and digital marketing agency.
Without this you are facing years of experimentation, thousands of dollars wasted on mistargeted advertising, loss of hundreds of hours of productivity having to understand all the techniques of advertising, marketing, lead generation, sales and content creation.
This is really a misnomer to think that you will save money by trying to do it all yourself. A wise person knows that it is important to be able to speculate to accumulate, but speculating on the right things, and the wisest investments will prevent you from coming to grief and your business folding.
Plan for success, and just budget your marketing and advertising into the one digital marketing agency that does things properly, you will enjoy the process of running and operating your business far more than having the headache of doing it yourself.
Read ➡ Does Video Content Help Your SEO?
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Beneugenics is the systematic biological grading of a person's individual genetic code. This produces both a letter score and a numeric score. This is commonly known as a IV, or Individual Value.
What are the Beneugenic Scores?
S Scores are considered 'Superior' and all are deliberate and artificial in nature. Even in the most accomplished athlete, brilliant scientist, or most beautiful person, there is a massive backlog of genetic information that is functionally garbage, inheritable diseases, and remnant viral DNA.
SSS - this score is mythically rare and represents the perfect human being, a paragon of perfect genetics. This is the vaunted 100% that beneugenecists are seeking.
SS - slightly more common than the SSS grade, the SS grade genome is 95-99% quality and represents deliberate engineering, genetic screening, and so forth to produce this specimen.
S - the most common superior grade, the S specimen is 90-94% perfect.
A - at 80-89% perfect, A grade specimens are very rarely seen in nature, and are much more commonly found in second and third generation genetically screened families. They might not seem especially bright, strong, accomplished, but they will have far above average health, almost no inheritable diseases, and are slowly emerging as a superior genus of humanity. Given enough time, these A grade genomes and their support system would eventually become a new species, relegating Homo Sapiens to a more primitive position.
B - at 70-79% perfect, these specimens represent first generation genetic screenings and are increasingly common. There are cultural factions who argue that this level of genetic engineering represents creating a Human+ genus and is a clear violation of the conventions against such. This doesn't dissuade parents from having their genetics and their unborn child's genetics screened and scrubbed to remove known triggers for Cancer, diabetes, and a litany of other diseases.
C - 60-69% perfect, this represents the best of modern humanity and is present in less than 5% of the natural gene pool. These are the people who are record breaking athletes and those who set standards for what is attractive in a physical partner.
D - 50-59% perfect, the second largest segment of the gene pool, D grade represents normal baseline human.
NR - not rated, the largest segment of the gene pool. NR genomes have significant problems, such as predisposition to inheritable diseases, to actual damage to the genome itself.
NR Grades are a point of contention, as there are two major societal forces that collide at this point. One side is grading genomes and kicking many genomes out for having undesirable factors such as carrying code for autism, mental illness, physical disability ranging from cerebral palsy to blindness. The other side contests that these are not inferior or flawed, just different, and attempting to remove these differences from the gene pool is tantamount to genocide against the disabled and genetically atypical.
Beneugenics is a voluntary system, which is growing in popularity in the Cosmic Era and is acting as a sort of genetic background check. Many dating and match making services make use of the Beneugenic scale, along with personality matrices, and specified points of interest in matching potential partners.
HACKED! - a hacker is going around and exposing the beneugenic scores of people who've paid to have them concealed, such as famous celebrities and politicians, revealing that many proclaimed A and S grade people are actually just C or lower who had money. Counter-point, there is a hacker who will change your grade in the system for money, meaning you can take your NR grade genetic material and be treated like an SS grade stud.
Standing Stud - people with exceptional scores can sell their genetic materials for profit. No one wants to buy common grade when there is S grade. A genetically superior PC might find themselves accosted by buyers of genetic material (need it for clone stock, for making babies for rich people, to turn into STEM cell material, the uses are extensive, for male and female material).
Genism - someone with a low or NR score might find themselves discriminated against in certain areas and functions. A phenominal athlete with a sterility gene, a brilliant scientist with ALS, an incredibly talented dancer with a gene weakness to tuberculosis, all would be NRs. Many would be treated like the CE equivalent of Quasimodo.
Personal Accessory Network - many PANs are set up to display the owners age, preferences, credit scores, and more to viewers, a citizen of the CE who had an exceptional genetic score would certainly put it on their network, showing their genetic value and viability.
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Units: This fabric is sold as a minimum of 2 units (1 metre), and additional increments of 1 unit (50cm) - Unit guide in the table below.
To calculate the number of units you need, divide the total centimetres required by 50cm (1 unit). This will provide the total number of units to add to the shopping cart. Minimum starting length is 2 units.
Eg: 1.8 metres (180cm) of fabric would require 4 units (2m). 10 metres (1000cm) of fabric: requires 20 units (10m).
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Will Smith has an estimated net worth in the hundred millions.
Will Smith's net worth is reportedly $300 million, according to Celebrity Net Worth.
Smith also co-owns a production company that's produced many films including an "Annie" remake and "I Robot."
Over the span of more than three decades, actor and rapper Will Smith has made a name for himself in the music and film industries. From starring in roles in blockbuster hits such as "Independence Day," "Men in Black," and "Ali" to creating unforgettable singles like "Gettin' Jiggy Wit' It" and "Wild Wild West," Smith's place in entertainment history has been solidified by his countless achievements.
It's no secret that Smith has long been noted as one of the most bankable actors and so it's no surprise that many people have wondered just how much the celebrated actor is worth. And according to Celebrity Net Worth, Smith, who brings in a reported $40 to $80 million a year, has a current estimated net worth of $300 million.
Here's a breakdown of how Will Smith has built and continues to build his fortune.
Smith has sold millions of albums and has had multiple hit singles.
Will Smith has released 10 albums.
Smith's musical catalog may be celebrated by many due to his hits in the '90s and early 2000s, but some aren't aware that his music career actually kicked off in the '80s. During this time, Smith was part of the duo DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince. It was with their sophomore album "He's the DJ, I'm the Rapper," that the two made history by releasing the first dual album in hip-hop (on vinyl) and their single "Parents Just Don't Understand" became the first to win the Grammy-Award for best rap performance.
Since the group's first album release in 1987, Smith has released 10 albums total, with five of them being attributed to DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince, four of them spotlighting himself as a solo artist, and one album that was a compilation of his music.
His last solo album, "Lost and Found," hit shelves in 2005. And in 2013, Billboard reported that he has sold close to 10 million solo albums in the US. Plus, Smith could continue making more profitable tunes because in May 2018 he promised to return to music with more than just one single.
He's acted in dozens of films.
Smith starred in "I Am Legend."
Acting in over two dozen films with three scheduled to be released in 2019 including Disney's live-action adaptation of 1992's "Aladdin," Smith has made a name for himself as an actor ever since he starred in the sitcom "The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air" in 1990.
Although Smith's last onscreen appearance in the 2017 Netflix film "Bright" didn't receive as much applause as some of his previous roles, that doesn't mean he's still not bringing in the big bucks. Forbes reported that the film brought the actor a hefty $20 million.
And according to Complex, Smith has also earned $20 million for his role in "Ali" and the same for his role in "Hitch." They also reported that Smith earned a hefty $71.4 million for his role in "The Pursuit of Happyness." But that's not even the most Smith has reportedly earned from a role; Smith has also reportedly made $100 million from his reprisal of Agent J in 2013's "Men in Black 3."
He's also a film producer.
His production company produced "To All The Boys I've Loved Before."
Even though a lot of focus is often placed on what movies Smith acts in himself, he's also the co-owner of his own production company called Overbrook Entertainment. He shares ownership with his wife Jada Pinkett Smith and film producer James Lassiter. The company works to produce films, television shows, and music projects.
Since its creation in the '90s, the company has produced a number of films including the 2006 cult classic "ATL," the blockbuster hit "Ali," Netflix's applaudable film "To All The Boys I've Loved Before," and other films including "I Robot," "The Karate Kid," "Annie," "The Secret Life of Bees," and so much more. The upcoming film "Gemini Man," which Smith also stars in, will fall under the actor's production hat, too. The film will hit theaters in October 2019.
Many of these movies have made quite a bit in the box office and through home market sales, although it's unsure how much of the film's profits Will Smith received. "ATL" made about $21 million in the domestic box office and "The Secret Life of Bees" raked in almost $40 million in the worldwide box office.
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What is the best internet provider in Bowling Green?
Within Ohio, you'll find many established suburban areas and small cities. Bowling Green is one of those communities. Over 31000 people live within the city itself, and the city has a large college and a growing commercial sector. Whether you need Internet for your home or business, there are high speed Internet options that could fit your needs.
One option to explore as you start your search is CenturyLink. This provider supplies both fiber optic and DSL coverage to the people of Bowling Green, offering several download speed options. The service area includes all of Bowling Green, reaching neighborhoods like Wooster, Haskins, downtown, and Mitchell.
Through Frontier FiOS, the people of Bowling Green can get DSL service with competitive download speeds. Although Frontier FiOS isn't accessible in the entirety of Bowling Green, the network does reach most of the city.
If cable is your favorite connection option, consider the plans offered by Spectrum. Through Spectrum, people in every part of Bowling Green can reach high download speeds for video streaming, gaming, and downloading.
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Clozapine is often the last resort for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. This is supported by clinical trials, a meta-analysis, a Cochrane review and network meta-analysis (NMA) (Kane et al 1988a, Kane et al 1988b, Wahlbeck et al 1999, Essali et al 2009, Leucht et al 2013).
However, superiority was driven by data from older studies (Kane et al 1988a, Kane et al 1988b). Newer studies show a smaller effect size between clozapine and first generation antipsychotics (Buchanan et al 1998, Rosenheck et al 1997).
Furthermore, a Cochrane Review comparing clozapine to second generation antipsychotics found them to be of similar efficacy and newer second generation antipsychotics could be more effective than clozapine if non-refractory patients are considered (Leucht et al 2013, Asenjo Lobos et al 2010, Leucht et al 2009, Davis et al 2003).
This new paper reviews antipsychotics in treatment resistant schizophrenia using simple pairwise meta-analyses and a network meta-analysis (Samara et al, 2016).
This new network meta-analysis looks at the efficacy, acceptability, and tolerability of antipsychotics for treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
With any antipsychotic monotherapy, in any dose or formulation, in any country, that was compared to any other antipsychotic or placebo.
Forty unique blinded RCTs with 5,172 unique participants with an average duration of illness of 16.2 years, were published between 1968 and 2012.
The mean dose of the 12 antipsychotics included in the analysis was 794 mg/d in chlorpromazine equivalents, mostly involving clozapine, haloperidol, olanzapine and risperidone.
Severe inconsistency was identified between direct and indirect evidence because of pre-1990 papers and big changes in antipsychotic trials. Consistency is essential for network meta-analyses, so 5 papers published before 1990 were removed.
A certain pattern of superiority was found for olanzapine, clozapine, and risperidone in various efficacy outcomes, such as mean change in overall and positive symptoms, response rates, and dropouts owing to inefficacy, but treatment efficacy differences were not definitive and clozapine was no more efficacious than most other second-generation antipsychotics, and this was not an artefact of using the NMA [network meta-analysis]. Although substantial evidence was available for clozapine, haloperidol, olanzapine, and risperidone, data on the other included antipsychotics were limited.
Meaning: Insufficient evidence exists on which antipsychotic is more efficacious for patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
This well conducted study shows that we still don’t really know which antipsychotics work best for treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
The main criticism of this paper is that it gives no firm findings that can be applied in practice. Before reading this paper, a clinician would go through medicines by trial and error before a patient settles on the right one. After reading this paper the process is the same. Do the results mean clozapine should no longer be used for its “apparently” poor risk to benefit ratio? Or should it be used earlier, i.e. not a last resort?
It feels as though the authors were aiming to (dis)prove clozapine’s superiority to other antipsychotics, however, they established an analysis where major clozapine studies would not be included. Clozapine was generally superior in several unblinded clinical and cost-effectiveness studies (McEvoy et 2006, Essock et al 2000, Lewis et al 2006), whose results have been confirmed in real-world observational studies (Nyakyoma et al 2010, Ciudad et al 2008) with hard endpoints such as hospitalisation and number of inpatient days (Ringbäck et al 2014), none of which were included here.
Even if you could say which drug is best, what would it be best for? Schizophrenia presents on a spectrum. It is unclear which part of the spectrum we would be treating. How we classify/diagnose patients needs to change before we say which drug is best. This may have played a role by averaging out the results of the study.
The criteria of treatment resistance in this analysis varied from partial nonresponse to high levels of treatment resistance, differences the analysis was not sensitive to. Consequently, it is possible that clozapine’s lack of consistent superiority was due to the rare inclusion of patients with the most treatment-resistant disease in blinded RCTs. The same explanation could apply to clozapine’s dramatic superiority found in the study by Kane et al (Kane et al 1988a, Kane et al 1988b), which only included patients who were considered “beyond the reach of conventional therapy” (Kane et al 1988b). In the analysis, most included studies were conducted on less severely ill patients with more onerous consenting procedures and commercialisation of the research conduct.
Network meta-analysis has been criticised because it includes indirect evidence, which adds another level of complexity and assumptions.
Enough studies examined clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, and haloperidol, but, for others the body of evidence was small and conclusions on them are not robust.
Where does this new evidence leave people living with treatment-resistant schizophrenia?
Asenjo Lobos C et al. Clozapine versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(11):CD006633.
Essali A et al. Clozapine versus typical neuroleptic medication for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;(1):CD000059.
Kane JM et al. Clozapine in treatment-resistant schizophrenics. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1988a;24(1):62-67.
Lewis SW et al. Randomized controlled trial of effect of prescription of clozapine versus other second-generation antipsychotic drugs in resistant schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 2006;32(4):715-723.
Rosenheck R et al; Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group on Clozapine in Refractory Schizophrenia. A comparison of clozapine and haloperidol in hospitalized patients with refractory schizophrenia. N Engl J Med. 1997;337(12):809-815.
@Mental_Elf @StefanLeucht @JAMAPsych @Doc_Murtada .Still psychiatry is guessing at diagnosis. DSM is modern legal book of TORTURE.
@Doc_Murtada @Mental_Elf @StefanLeucht @JAMAPsych . Over 10yrs misdiagnosed I’ve got their guess work scar’s. Obsolete PROFESSION.
@Doc_Murtada Great blog on antipsychotics and schizophrenia disorder spectrum on @Mental_Elf today!
Thank you very much @121Therapy !!!
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The film begins with the traditional text: A LONG TIME AGO IN A GALAXY FAR FAR AWAY... but instantly leaps to the action. No opening crawl. In the early years of the Galactic Empire, an Imperial ship lands on a planet.
Lyra Erso (Valene Kane), her husband Galen Erso (Mads Mikkelsen) and their young daughter Jyn Erso (Beau Gadsdon) quickly scramble to gather their things. Lyra calls Saw Gerrera (Forest Whitaker) and tells him that they have come.
Galen says goodbye to his daughter and tells her that he loves her, calling her "Stardust," as he heads off to face the Empire. Lyra gives Jyn a necklace, telling her that the force will always be with her and she can trust it.
Outside, Galen meets Orson Krennic (Ben Mendelsohn), a high-ranking Imperial military officer, who tries to get Galen to come back to work for the Empire. He asks about his family, and Galen lies that his wife is dead.
When Orson tells his stormtrooper bodyguards to check the area, Lyra appears and draws a weapon on Krennic; they have a standoff. Lyra shoots Krennic, hitting his arm, but she is fatally shot by a Stormtrooper.
A stormtrooper toy is discovered, and Krennic tells his guards to find Galen's daughter (who stayed out of sight to watch all this). Jyn runs away and hides in a prepared bolt-hole under a rock in a cave, from which Saw rescues her.
Fifteen years later on the planet Wobani, an adult Jyn (Felicity Jones) is held in a cell.
At the Ring of Kafrene trading post, is the pilot Cassian Andor (Diego Luna), who meets with a man with info. Cassian learns that an Imperial pilot defected and the Empire is creating a planet-killer weapon. Stormtroopers discover them and Cassian quickly kills them and plans to scale up a wall to escape.
The noise attracts more Stormtroopers, but the man has a bad arm and would never be able to climb the wall. Whether it was to spare him from being tortured or to silence him, Cassin kills the man and escapes.
On the Imperial-occupied moon Jedha, Bodhi Rook (Riz Ahmed), the cargo pilot who had defected from the Empire and wants to join the Rebels, arrives and is apprehended by the local forces there.
On the planet Wobani, Jyn is being transferred with other prisoners to an Imperial labor camp. Suddenly, Rebel forces break in and free them. Wanting to escape, Jyn attacks the Rebels and tries to flee but is stopped by K-2SO (voice: Alan Tudyk), an Imperial enforcer droid who's been reprogrammed to work for the rebellion.
Jin along with others are transported to the Yavin 4 moon, the location of the Rebel base of operations.
They land at the Rebel Alliance Headquarters and Jin is escorted to meet with Rebel General Draven and Mon Mothma (Genevieve O'Reilly), a senator of the Old Republic Senate-turned-Imperial Senate. Cassian is also present.
Though she has been going by the name Liana Hallik, Draven reveals they know she really is Jin Erso, daughter of Galen Erso, a known Imperial collaborater in weapons development. They question her about her father, but she explains she last saw him 15 years ago.
Mothma switches to the topic of Saw Gerrera and tells Jin that he is an extremist causing problems in Jedha. Locating Saw is not the problem, it's meeting with him without getting killed. They are aware that Saw is holding the pilot as prisoner and they know Gererra would meet with a friendly like Jin. The Rebels continue that contacting Saw and the captured pilot is paramount to locating Jin's father and try to return him. Senator Bail Organa (Jimmy Smits) joins the meeting but does not talk. Mothma offers her a deal: meet with Saw, and she is free to go.
As Cassian and Jyn board the ship taking her to Jedha with K-2SO, Cassian is called over by Draven and is told to kill their target and not perform any extraction.
On Jedha, Bodhi is confronted by Saw, who now has prosthetic legs and gets supplementary oxygen from a mask. Bodhi tries to explain that he defected and Galen Erso sent him to locate Saw. Saw doesn't believe Bodhi's story, suspecting he might be a spy, responds, "Bor Gullet." Saw's men hauls him away.
We cut to the Death Star displaying it's huge satellite-like dish. Imperial Star Destroyers near it appear as tiny specks, showing how truly massive the Death Star is.
Aboard a Star Destroyer, Krennic meets with Grand Moff Tarkin (Guy Henry), the Imperial governor of the outlying areas and overall commander of the Imperial Navy. Tarkin chastizes Krennic for the security breach on Jedha and failure to retrieve the defected cargo pilot. He suggests Krennic resolve both problems by testing the "ultimate weapon" they are creating. Krennic assures him he will not fail.
Jyn has a flashback when she was a little girl, watching her father meet with Krennic, and the day she last saw her parents. Jyn, K-2SO, and Cassian arrive at Jedha. From a far distance, they see a Star Destroyer hovering over Jedha City. Imperial forces are collecting Kyber crystal, fuel for the Death Star. K-2SO is told to wait at the ship.
Back at Gerrera's home base, Saw interrogates Bodhi, bringing in a Bor Gullet, a tentacled creature that terrifies Bodhi and can read his mind.
Jin and Cassian make their way in the city and bump into a grubby mutant-like human and a bug-eyed creature - the same characters Luke Skywalker confronted in the Mos Eisley cantina. They are itching for a fight, but Cassian apologizes and moves on.
While Cassian scouts the area, Jyn meets Chirrut Imwe (Donnie Yen), a blind warrior who mentions her necklace and the quality of the stone.
Jyn and Cassian continue through the city when Jyn notices snipers and the area quickly erupts into a battle.
Rebel and Empire forces fight, and while Jyn and Cassian are nearly killed, K-2SO arrives and defeats the Stormtroopers. They run into more Stormtroopers, who think K-S20 is escorting Jyn and Cassian as prisoners.
The Stormtroopers are about to apprehend Jyn and Cassian when Chirrut intervenes. Showing excellent skill despite his visual impairment, Chirrut defeats the stormtroopers, but all, including Chirrut's friend Baze Malbus (Wen Jiang) are eventually captured by Saw's crew.
Jyn is brought directly to Saw. Saw is surprised to see Jyn, but Jyn instantly confronts him about abandoning her when she was 16. Saw replies that he did it to give her her best chance and suspects Jyn of being told to head there to kill him. Jyn says that she wants nothing to do with the rebellion at all and Saw, looking defeated, tells her that there is no rebellion without hope.
The Empire decides to test their weapon. Krennic wants to destroy the moon, but Tarkin insists destroying Jedha City only, is adequate demonstration.
While Cassian, Chirrut, and Baze are in a cell, they quickly notice that Bodhi is in the cell next door.
Saw shows Jyn a hologram sent by her father. Her father says in the message that he went with the Empire to give the rebels their best chances and that the weapon they were building is called the Death Star. He says that he made a fail-safe in the death star by placing a trap -- explode it, and the entire thing dies. He also apologizes to a tearful Jyn and tells her to fight for him and to finish what he started: "Save the rebellion and save the dream."
Suddenly, the Death Star attacks Jedha. At that moment, Cassian manages to jimmy the prison cell lock, setting him and the others free. Chirrut, Bodhi, and Baze head to the ship while Cassian gets Jyn. Despite Jyn's help, Saw acknowledges his weakness and tells her to leave him. Everyone else escapes in the ship with K-2SO while Jedha is destroyed and Saw is crushed to death.
With their test being successful and Jedha gone, the Imperial leaders rejoice. However, Grand Moff Tarkin decides to claim all the credit, shutting out Krennic, the director of the project. Tarkin threatens further action against Krennic should he protest against his or the Empire's policies.
On the ship, Cassian is secretly given instructions to kill Galen if they find him. The people on the ship discuss Jyn's report of the hologram but as she left it behind in Jedha, they don't believe her. She convinces them, however, to head to Edu and find Galen.
On Edu, an Imperial mining planet with constant darkness and rain, the crew crashes their ship and decides to find a new one. As Cassian and Bodhi head out, Jyn questions Cassian's motives. Upon hearing K-2SO say that Cassian's weapon was in sniper mode, she heads out with Chirrut and Baze.
Nearby at the Edu Mining Facility, Krennic is interrogating Galen and six other engineers working for the Empire because he believes one of them is secretly working for the rebels. When Krennic threatens to kill everyone, Galen steps forward and confesses. Krennic still kills the other engineers. While this is happening, Cassian has his rifle sights on Galen but eventually does not pull the trigger.
Meanwhile, having snuck up on the rebels, Bodhi and Jyn arrive. Jyn calls out to her father just as rebel forces arrive in X-Wing fighters and cause an explosion and a fight. When she regains consciousness, Jyn finds her father in critical condition. She tearfully reunites with her father before Galen passes away and Cassian pulls her from his body as they head out of Edu.
On the ship, an angry Jyn questions Cassian on his motives and he replies that everyone has lost something for the rebellion, and that she only truly started to care because of her father.
Krennic arrives on the planet Mustufa and reports everything to the chief enforcer, Darth Vader (Spencer Wilding and Daniel Naprous; voice: James Earl Jones). Vader is angry and Force-chokes Krennic, letting him go after ordering him to make the Death Star work without any flaws.
At a meeting back on Yavin 4, the rebel leaders, among them Organa and General Dodonna (Ian McElhinney), are doubtful of Jyn's story and her credibility. Jyn proposes to infiltrate the Empire's data storage facility on Scarif and get the plans for the Death Star, ending her argument by saying rebellions are built on hope. She fails to get approval, as Mon Mothma opposes any strike against Scarif and the other rebel leaders agree it's too risky.
Senator Organa then leaves to travel back to his homeworld of Alderaan to have a talk with his adopted daughter to try to help and seek out a former Clone War veteran who may help out the Alliance.
Outside, Cassian approaches Jyn about the mission, a dozen other rebel fighters have decided to join them. With their crew in tow, they use the call sign 'Rogue One' and head to Scarif to find the Death Star plans themselves.
At Scarif, Bodhi uses his old Imperial passwords to get through the gate in the force field that protects the data storage facility and get permission to land. K-2SO, Jyn, and Cassian head into the facility to get the plans while the other rebels plant explosives around the landing pads on the perimeter of the facility's island atoll. Director Krennic arrives on Scarif around the same time to review transmissions involving Galen Erso as well as Grand Moff Tarkin.
Soon enough, the rebels detonate explosions all over the island. With a full-on battle emerging, the rebel fleet arrives -- the leaders had a change of heart. (There's a cameo scene of R2-D2 and C-3PO in which C-3PO comments on the rebels going to battle.) The rebels' first challenge is to slip through the gate in the force field before the Imperial forces close it and block their access to the surface of the planet.
In the access room for one of the storage units, K-2SO opens the door to allow Jyn and Cassian to enter the data storage area and extract the plans to the Death Star. While they search for the plans, K-2SO fights off stormtroopers. They eventually identify the plans under the code name of the nickname Jyn's father gave her, Stardust. When they find the files, K-2SO notes the force field and tells them to deliver the plans by getting the physical media themselves.
It's in a structure that's designed to be accessed by mechanical arms, then climbing all the way to the top of the tower to transmit the data. Stormtroopers then overpower him, and K-2SO dies, permanently locking the door to the control room with Jyn and Cassian inside, where Directory Krennic has spotted them.
Outside in the battle, the rebels are able to take down several AT-AT's, and Bodhi manages to find a way to the control switch to turn on communications. He is unable to turn the switch on during the battle, so Chirrut takes a risk and walks over to the switch and turns it on. He is, however, shot on the way back and dies in Baze's hands, telling him that he will always be one with the force.
In the data storage area, Jyn and Cassian do some dangerous jumping and climbing to grab the cassette holding the Stardust file, but they're intercepted by Director Krennic. Although they take out the stormtroopers and shoot Krennic, the wounded Krennic shoots Cassian (who falls), while Jyn narrowly escapes.
While this is happening, Bodhi gets communications working but is killed by a grenade bomb thrown by a stormtrooper. Baze is inspired by Chirrut's sacrifice and fights until he is also killed by a grenade bomb held in the hands of a fallen stormtrooper.
Jyn finally makes her way to the top of the tower and sees the command console for transmitting data to the rebels. The console prompts her to recalibrate the antenna, and she does, not knowing that Krennic is headed up. The tower is hit by shockwaves from the battle, and Jyn nearly falls off.
Jyn tries to send the data but is intercepted by Krennic. He claims that she will die and her rebellion will die with her, but a surprisingly alive (though heavily injured) Cassian appears and shoots Krennic, who falls.
The rebel fleet destroys the force field gate, which is the last piece of the puzzle. Everything is now in place to allow the transmission of the plans to the Rebel fleet. Jyn starts the transmission.
While this is happening, Grand Moff Tarkin watches the carnage from the Death Star with Vader and aims the Death Star at the base on Scarif. While Scarif is about to be destroyed, the Rebel fleet retreats to note the sacrifice of the Rogue One. Jyn and Cassian, having transmitted the plans, hold hands and embrace on a beach as the Death Star obliterates them and the entire planet.
Darth Vader boards a Rebel ship and mows down scores of Rebel fighters with his lightsaber as he chases the memory card containing the Death Star plans through the Rebel flagship, arriving at the final hatch just in time to see Princess Leia's ship undock and escape. He reboards the star destroyer to pursue.
Inside Leia's ship, C-3PO asks a partly CGI Leia (Ingvild Deila, voice: Carrie Fisher) what the plans mean and she answers, "Hope," signaling the start of the first Star Wars film . . . Star Wars: A New Hope.
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Cloud provides a new way of writing software, and with it, new tools have emerged that make it easier to write that software. One of the newest ones on the block is the Platform as a Service or PaaS. Vendors of PaaS include Microsoft's Azure, Salesforce's Heroku, Cloud Foundry, and to some degree Amazon's AWS. What is a PaaS? PaaS is the operating system for the cloud. Like a computer OS, a PaaS provides a set of APIs which applications can access to make their lives easier. Whereas a computer OS provides access to the services of a single computer, a PaaS provides access to the services of many, spread across many data centers. Whereas a computer OS provides a software API bound to specific languages, a PaaS provides access to services over a network that is bound to specific on-the-wire protocols - typically REST.
Deployment Automation: The PaaS provides a way to take your code - for example your Java application - and then get it deployed across a number of machines in different data centers in a completely automated fashion. In Heroku, this is done with a git push. Heroku monitors your repo and once you push an update, it extracts it, distributes it to the various machines that will run your code, makes sure the JVM is up and running, and starts your app. Contrast this with AWS (which does not provide this capability). On AWS you can spin up a VM, but they its your job to get your code onto the VMs, make sure the JVM is there, and so on. A PaaS does all of that for you.
HTTP Request Routing: PaaS is really tuned around web services. The PaaS will provide its own HTTP reverse proxy, handle DNS configuration, TLS termination, and make sure requests for an HTTP URI are routed to a running instance of your code. As a developer, you no longer need to worry about any of that. Just write your web app, and the platform will get the queries to a running server.
Scale and HA: If you write your app in the right way - namely, using stateless web services that store all persistent state in a shared backend database - the platform can provide scale and high availability. It can turn up as many instances of your app as is needed to handle the incoming request load. It can handle failed machines or server instances, and restart them for you. If a DC fails, through DNS it will route traffic to a backup DC to running instances of your code that are there. The trick to making this magic work is writing your app correctly and doing a good job on your database selection and schema design.
Data Storage: The PaaS will also provide databases as a service. This means there are databases up and running that you can access via some kind of protocol interface. This might be RESTful access (as in the case of Amazon S3 or Azure storage services), SQL queries for a relational database, or whatever the query protocol is for a noSQL database. As an application developer, you do not need to set up, run, or configure this database. The PaaS provides it for you.
Application Upgrade/Downgrade: A cloud service needs to always be available. If you want to upgrade your cloud software, you cannot take everything down and do the upgrade. A PaaS will typically provide some kind of rolling upgrade capability, where you can install a new version, test it while the old is still running, and once everything looks good, do a cutover to the new service instance. And then if things fail, you can roll back.
All of this used to be the stuff that made writing server side software hard. With PaaS, these hard problems are solved for you and you can focus your energy on the business logic of the app itself.
PaaS is the operating system of the cloud, and it is the future of how server side software will be built. The race is now on - who will be the leaders in providing PaaS services? Like operating systems, apps are "sticky" to their particular platform and require porting to go from platform to platform. As the set of APIs and services for PaaS's grow, the choice of PaaS becomes more crucial as the costs of porting go up. This is one of the benefits of open source PaaS offerings like Cloud Foundry - instead of being wed to the APIs of a particular vendor, the APIs are defined by a community and can be improved by contribution.
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Carnism is the invisible belief system, or ideology, that conditions people to eat certain animals. Carnism is essentially the opposite of vegetarianism or veganism; “carn” means “flesh” or “of the flesh” and “ism” denotes a belief system. Most people view eating animals as a given, rather than a choice; in meat-eating cultures around the world people typically don’t think about why they find the meat of some animals disgusting and the meat of other animals appetizing, or why they eat any animals at all. But when eating animals isn’t a necessity for survival, as is the case in the majority of the world today, it is a choice - and choices always stem from beliefs.
We recognize that not eating animals stems from a belief system; vegetarianism was named centuries ago. Accordingly, we don't refer to vegetarians as "plant eaters," as we understand that eating plants reflects an underlying ideology in which consuming animals is considered unethical and inappropriate. Yet, we still refer to "non-vegetarians" as "meat eaters," as though the act of eating meat were divorced from a belief system, as though vegetarians were the only ones who bring their beliefs to the dinner table. However, the reason that many people eat pigs but not dogs, for example, is because they do have a belief system when it comes to eating animals.
Why, then, has carnism not been named until now? One reason is because it's simply easier to recognize those ideologies that fall outside the mainstream. A much more important reason, though, is because carnism is a dominant ideology - an ideology so widespread and entrenched that its tenets are considered common sense, "the way things are," rather than a set of widely held opinions. And carnism is also a violent, exploitative ideology; it is organized around intensive, extensive, and unnecessary violence toward, and exploitation of, animals. Even the production of so-called humane meat (and other animal products), a miniscule percentage of the meat produced in the world today, exploits animals and often involves brutality. The tenets of carnism run counter to the core values of most people who would not willingly support the exploitation of others or condone such violence toward other sentient beings. So carnism, like other violent, exploitative ideologies, must hide itself to ensure the participation of the populace; without popular support, the system would collapse.
Just as "meat eater" is an inaccurate and misleading phrase to describe those who are not vegetarian, so, too, are the other commonly used terms, "omnivore" and "carnivore." These terms reinforce the assumption that eating animals is natural, one of the most entrenched and compelling myths used to justify carnism. "Omnivore" and "carnivore" describe one's physiological disposition, rather than one's ideological choice: an omnivore is an animal, human or nonhuman, that can ingest both plant and animal matter, and a carnivore is an animal that needs to ingest flesh in order to survive.
For the reasons mentioned above, "carnist" is the most appropriate term to describe those who eat animals. "Carnist" is not meant to be pejorative; it is merely meant to be descriptive, describing one who acts in accordance with the tenets of carnism - just as "capitalist," "Buddhist," "socialist," or "raw foodist," for example, describe those who act in accordance with a particular ideology. If we have a name for vegetarians, it only makes sense to have a name for those whose behaviors reflect the opposing belief system.
"Carnist," however, differs from the aforementioned "ists" in that most carnists don't realize that they are, in fact, carnists, since carnism is invisible. Many people are, essentially, inadvertent carnists; such is the paradox of being carnist. And though "carnist" was coined simply for accuracy, the term may be perceived as offensive - likely because, on some level, people consider the unnecessary slaughter and consumption of animals to be offensive.
Ideologies such as carnism keep themselves alive by teaching us not to think or feel when we follow their dictates, and one of the primary ways they do this is by using a set of defense mechanisms which operate on both the social and psychological levels. "Carnistic defenses" hide the contradictions between our values and behaviors, allowing us to make exceptions to what we would normally consider ethical.
The primary defense of the system is invisibility and the primary way the ideology stays invisible is by remaining unnamed: if we don't name it, we won't see it, and if we don't see it, we can't talk about it or question it. But not only is the ideology itself invisible, so, too, are the victims of the system: the trillions of farmed animals who remain out of sight and therefore conveniently out of public consciousness; the increasingly degraded environment; the exploited and often brutalized meat packers and slaughterhouse workers; and the human meat consumers who are at increased risk for some of the most serious diseases of the industrialized world and who have been conditioned to disconnect, psychologically and emotionally, from the truth of their experience when it comes to eating animals.
But invisibility is only the first line of defense in the fortress of carnism; the truth is impossible to completely obscure. So when invisibility inevitably falters, the system needs a backup. Hence, carnism teaches us to justify eating animals, and it does this by presenting the myths of meat (and other animal products) as though they were the facts of meat, by promoting the Three Ns of Justification: eating animals is normal, natural, and necessary. The Three Ns are institutionalized - they are embraced and maintained by all major social institutions, from the family to the state - and, perhaps not surprisingly, they have been invoked throughout history to justify other violent, exploitative ideologies (e.g., slavery, male dominance, etc.).
Carnism also defends itself by distorting our perceptions of meat and the animals we eat so that we can feel comfortable enough to consume them. We learn, for instance, to view farmed animals as objects (e.g., we refer to a chicken as something, rather than someone) and as abstractions, lacking in any individuality or personality (e.g., a pig is a pig and all pigs are the same), and to create rigid categories in our minds so that we can harbor very different feelings and behaviors toward different species (e.g., beef is delicious and dog meat is disgusting; cows are for eating and dogs are our friends).
There are a number of other defenses that overlap with and support those mentioned here, but all defenses serve a single purpose: to block our awareness and empathy when it comes to farmed animals and the products procured by their bodies. With awareness of carnistic defenses, though, we are less vulnerable to their influence; we are able to step outside the system and look at the issue of eating animals through our own eyes, rather than through the lens of carnism.
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Summarizing a road trip through the Fjords of Norway is a slippery slope of clichéd superlatives.
If you’ve used social media, you’ve likely seen stunning scenery from the Fjords of Norway in your Facebook or Instagram feed.
With mountains, waterfalls, glacier, and brilliant blue-green water seemingly everywhere you turn, you don’t need to be a professional photographer in order to capture images that will give your friends a serious case of FOMO (fear of missing out).
Pictures may be worth a thousand words, but for me Norway proved to be that rare place where pictures (or words, for that matter) simply cannot do it justice. There’s just no way to explain the unparalleled grandeur of it all, or how small you feel when surrounded by it on all sides.
We began in Bergen, at the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Bryggen.
The city was originally built there on the eastern side of the fjord in 1070. In the 14th to mid-16th century it was a prominent hotspot in the Hanseatic League‘s trading empire.
Fires have ravaged the old town’s colorful wooden houses over the centuries, but 62 historic buildings remain, and others were rebuilt using traditional methods to preserve the main structure.
Visit the Bryggen Museum for more in-depth historical background.
We only had a few hours to explore Bryggen before making the 2-hour drive to Gulen, which included our first ferry crossing from Leirvåg to Sløvåg.
It also brought our first sightings of traditional Norwegian farmhouses and fjords, whose reflections seemed to glow with light at sunset.
In Gulen we had our first experience with dry-suit Scuba diving (more on that in a future post), and visited a historic site that was the birthplace of Viking Democracy.
From Gulen we drove to Solvorn along the Sognefjord, the largest of the 1,190 fjords of Norway and the second longest fjord in the world.
Here, as we gamely navigated stomach-churning switchbacks, we truly felt as if we were in the realm of the gods.
Known as the King of the Fjords, the emerald green Sognefjord is met by Norway’s largest glacier and its highest mountains. Breathtaking doesn’t even begin to do it justice.
The next day we made our way to Jostedal Glacier National Park, for what would ultimately prove to be one of the most exhilarating adventures of our lives.
We kayaked across a lake to Nigardsbreen Glacier, an arm of Jostedalsbreen, the largest glacier in Europe.
Then we strapped on our crampons, grabbed our ice axes, and proceeded to climb several hundred meters up it as sleet fell all around us.
The view from the top, as you’ll see in our video, made the sweat (mine) and tears (Mary’s) worth it.
The ferry ride from Solvorn to Urnes across the Lustrafjorden the next morning was decidedly more relaxing, with charming villages and majestic mountains as far as the eye could see.
Our next stop was Urnes Stave Church, which was built on a hill in Sogn og Fjordane county nearly 900 years ago.
These elaborately detailed wooden churches date back to medieval times, and provide a historical link between the ancient art and architecture of the Viking Age and that of Christianity.
We were granted special permission to film/photograph inside the church, which you can see in our video.
Leaving Urnes, we drove the Sognefjellet National Tourist Route to Stryn, which takes you along the highest mountain pass in northern Europe.
If you go straight through without stopping, it’s a 4-hour drive. But instead we took a picnic lunch and stopped frequently to marvel at the changing dramatic landscapes, from the lush green scenery pictured above to the glacial ice and snow-capped peaks of the Jotunheimen Mountains.
The 8-hour journey was easily the most beautiful drive we’ve ever done.
We were supposed to spend our next-to-last day in Norway biking in the Lodalen Valley. But Arvid Otterdal, who co-owns the historic Visnes Hotel with his wife Marit, had other ideas.
First he took us to the Stryn River, where it was the opening day of Salmon fishing season. Sadly, we didn’t have time to get a license, but we learned fly fishing techniques from some seasoned pros.
Then he took us out on his boat on Hornindalsvatnet (the deepest lake in all of Europe), for a private tour of Otterdal, the tiny village in which he grew up. More on that in a future post!
Our last full day in Norway proved bittersweet. The 3-hour drive from Hellesylt to Ålesund was rife with postcard-worthy views.
There were pastoral farmlands, grazing cattle, quaint rural houses, and mountainside waterfalls around every turn.
We didn’t talk much, instead soaking in our final views of this remarkable countryside, savoring every moment.
In Ålesund (a city known for its Art Nouveau architecture), we made our final stop at the open-air Sunnmøre Museum.
Its medieval houses and Viking ships dating back to 690 AD gave us a great taste of Norwegian history, whetting our appetites for return trips to visit Oslo and Norway’s Arctic north.
Our Fjords of Norway road trip was sponsored by Visit Norway and Fjord Norway. But we will never compromise our obligation to our readers. Our opinions remain our own.
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0.993026 |
I just added a new student to the attendance class and he or she is not showing, what am I doing wrong?
2. Select the Attendance class for that student.
3. Click add Attendance for new student.
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0.999878 |
Question concerning Stalin - Soviet-Empire.com U.S.S.R.
I have read long time ago somewhere that Stalin has offered his resignation four times during the period in which he was a member in the Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party. is this a historical fact that can confirmed by historical documents ( ex: files or papers from the soviet archive )? or it is just a rumor?
It seems that no one of the comrades has heard about this resignation thing.
That's the first time I've heard of anything like this, so I can't really comment on it. Plus I can't read Russian and reading Soviet archives would be quite a problem for me.
First, I disagree with Yeqon. If he did present a resignation, it sounds pretty interesting. In my mind, it would be merely a gesture, since he knew that it wouldn't be accepted, but it still speaks a lot about political stratagems and protocol, and the circumstances for each attempt at resignation should also be an indication of the seriousness of a certain setback or of the need to reassert leadership.
Now, as to the question at hand. I remember reading in this board that Stalin presented his resignation when Lenin's much debated "last will" was presented.
Googling around, the answer came up on Ludo Marten's Another view of Stalin, where the author directly quotes Stalin's "The Troskyist Opposition, Before and Now.
A year later I again put in a request to the plenum to release me, but I was obliged to remain at my post.
So that's twice. It's not too farfetched to think he again has resorted to this, as a way of obtaining a vote of confidence.
Perhaps I was being a little careless with my choice of words. Okay, so I was being very careless. I mostly agree with what praxi has stated. There was indeed political manoeuvring in mind when he offered resigning. From what I've read nobody in the central committee ever thought that the position of General Secretary of the Communist Party was or would be of especially high significance politically. They surely wouldn't have let Stalin retain that position if they had known that this very post would be critical to him expelling them and ultimately leading the country.
I don't think that even Stalin back then knew that this post would serve as the de facto highest in the Soviet Union. So the answer to the original question that the opening poster made is yes. Stalin has offered resigning from this post in the past.
I also remember something akin to this during the civil war when differences between him and Trotsky would arise on military questions.
Thank you all for trying to answer the question, but I think the core of the question is not touched even in a superficial way. I have myself read that Stalin offered his resignation four times: after reading Lenin's recommendation to his comrades (It is said that the whole members of the central committee Including Trotsky refused this demand of resignation), two times during the second world war, and some other time which I do not remeber exactly, but the question here, is there, if there can be, any historical document that confirms this '' rumor '' clearly and undebatably?
I can only speculate but I would doubt any attempt at resignation would occur during the war of all times, if anything it would likely be between 1921 and 1924 when the Soviet State was first developing... there was a lot of chaos developing government structures and figuring out whats going to work and what isn't and there were many times certain commissars disagreed with others, so perhaps ultimatums that involved a resignation occurred??? I'd search that period of time for the answer.
It seems to us that a national leader so persistently boosted, and so generally admired, has, in fact, become irremovable against his will, so long as his health lasts, without a catastrophic break-up of the whole administration.
The "catastrophic" bit at the end applies more to the time the Webbs were writing than when Stalin died a little less than twenty years later, but the quote is still basically correct.
Stalin himself confirmed for the 1st resignation. I might also have heard about something after WWII, but during the war itself, that seems highly unlikely.
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0.99718 |
18 weeks and not really showing?
Hi ladies! im 18 weeks pregnant today and ive noticed and looked at pics of other woman as far along as me and i look no where near to them! i can actually still fit in my jeans. i weighed 115 when i got pregnant and i weigh 121 now. we went into the doctors last week and got to hear the heart beat an everything so i know the baby is ok. i just want to know when ill start showing! this is my 1st baby, i'm 5'2. help?
Probably by 24 weeks. I popped out around 6 months pregnant with my first baby and have found that a lot of other women don't show much with their firsts either until that 24th. week or so.
I agree with all the previous posters. I didn't pop out until around 24 weeks and then I was still small with both of my pregnancies. Its different for everyone.
Don't worry about showing. Everyone starts showing at different times. A lot of people start showing later with their first pregnancy. Good luck!
Yeah, it is different for everyone. And you're only 4 months? I know height makes a difference too. I honestly didn't start showing until I was 7 months pregnant. When i had my baby shower, some people were disappointed that I didn't have the "baby belly". Sometimes you don't show because you're carrying her in your back. I had a small stomach through my whole pregnancy and my baby was born 8lbs 5 oz.
My first baby i didn't wear maternity clothes until i was 20 weeks. Then my belly grew fast. My second pregnancy was 11 months latter. I had lost all the weight but because my stomach muscles were looser i was starting to show very fast.
It's very normal for you to start showing later with your first pregnancy. I really "popped" right around 22 weeks and it literally does seem to happen overnight. One morning you'll wake up and look and the mirror and suddenly you'll look pregnant.
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0.999667 |
Two months into the conflict, Indian troops had slowly retaken most of the ridges that were encroached by the infiltrators.
India-Pakistan War of 1965 This war started following Pakistan's Operation Gibraltar, which was designed to infiltrate forces into Jammu and Kashmir to precipitate an insurgency against rule by India.
India retaliated by launching a full-scale military attack on West Pakistan.
The seventeen-day war caused thousands of casualties on both sides and witnessed the largest engagement of armored vehicles and the largest tank battle since World War II.
A ceasefire was declared following diplomatic intervention by the Soviet Union and USA and the subsequent issuance of the Tashkent Declaration. India-Pakistan War of 1971 The war of 1971 did not involve Kashmir issue, rather it occurred due to political battle between East Pakistan and leaders of West Pakistan.
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BAGHDAD, Iraq (CNN) -- Saddam Hussein, the former Iraqi dictator who spent his last years in captivity after his ruthless regime was toppled by the U.S.-led coalition in 2003, was hanged before dawn Saturday for crimes committed in a brutal crackdown during his reign.
The execution took place shortly after 6 a.m. (10 p.m. Friday ET), Iraq's national security adviser, Mowaffak al-Rubaie, told Iraqi television.
Rubaie, who witnessed the execution, said the former leader was "strangely submissive" to the process.
"He was a broken man," he said. "He was afraid. You could see fear in his face."
Rubaie said that Hussein carried with him a copy of the Quran and asked that it be given to "a certain person." Rubaie did not identify that person.
The execution took place outside the heavily fortified Green Zone, Rubaie said, and no Americans were present.
Two other co-defendants -- Barzan Hassan, Hussein's half-brother, and Awwad Bandar, the former chief judge of the Revolutionary Court -- were also found guilty and had been expected to face execution with Hussein, but Rubaie said their executions were postponed.
"We chose to postpone Barzan and Awwad's execution to a later date because we wanted to have this day to have an historic distinction," he said. "We wanted to have one specific date for Saddam so people remember this date to be linked to Saddam's execution and nothing else."
Rubaie said the execution was videotaped and photographed extensively from the time Hussein was transferred from U.S. to Iraqi custody until he was dead.
"Saddam's body is in front me," said an official in the prime minister's office when CNN telephoned. "It's over."
He said that celebrations broke out after Hussein was dead, and that there was "dancing around the body."
Prime Minister Nuri al-Maliki did not attend the execution, according to an adviser to the prime minister who was interviewed on state television.
"It's a very solemn moment for me," Feisal Istrabadi, Iraq's U.N. ambassador, said on CNN's "Anderson Cooper 360." "I can understand why some of my compatriots may be cheering. I have friends whose particular people I can think of who have lost 10, 15, 20 members of their family, more.
"But for me, it's a moment really of remembrance of the victims of Saddam Hussein."
Friday evening, a U.S. district judge refused a request to stay the execution.
Attorney Nicholas Gilman said in an application for a restraining order, filed Friday in U.S. District Court in Washington, that a stay would allow Hussein "to be informed of his rights and take whatever action he can and may wish to pursue."
Munir Haddad, a judge on the appeals court that upheld the former dictator's death sentence, called Gilman's filing "rubbish," and said, "It will not delay carrying out the sentence," which he called "final."
Throughout the day, there were conflicting reports about who had custody of Hussein. Giovanni di Stefano, one of Hussein's defense attorneys, told CNN the U.S. military officially informed him that the former Iraqi dictator had been transferred to Iraqi custody, but that the move in U.S. court could have meant that Hussein was back in U.S. custody.
There had been speculation that Hussein would be executed before Eid Al-Adha -- a holiday period that means Feast of the Sacrifice, celebrated by Muslims around the world at the climax of the hajj pilgrimage to Mecca. The law does not permit executions to be carried out during religious holidays.
Eid began Saturday for Sunnis and begins Sunday for Shiites. It lasts for four days. Hussein was a Sunni Muslim.
Another defense lawyer, Badie Aref, told CNN that Hussein met with two of his half-brothers in his cell on Thursday and passed on messages and instructions to his family.
"President Saddam was just bracing for the worst, so he wanted to see his brothers and pass on some messages and instructions to his family," Aref said. The half brothers who visited were Sabawi and Wathban Ibrahim Hassan al-Tikriti, he said.
He never asked to see anyone else -- not even his wife, said his lawyers. She was the mother of his five children.
Aref said the U.S. soldiers guarding Hussein on Tuesday took away a radio he kept in his cell so he could not hear news reports about his death sentence, which was confirmed that day.
"They did not want him to hear the news from the appeals court upholding the sentence," he said. "They gave him back the radio on Wednesday."
Aref said Saddam found out about the appeals court verdict "a few hours after it was announced."
Hussein was convicted on November 5 of crimes against humanity in connection with the killings of 148 people in the town of Dujail after an attempt on his life.
Saddam Hussein refused to wear a hood over his head during his execution.
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0.999999 |
Why do so many people oppose the death penalty for racist murderer Dylann Roof?
Recently, U.S. Attorney General Loretta Lynch stated that the Charleston church shooter will be facing the death penalty in court. One year ago, Dylann Roof opened fire at a church in Charleston, South Carolina, killing nine people, all African-American. This was a racially motivated hate crime, as Roof was known to tout white supremacist views and targeted a black church. However, despite the horrors of this crime, there are some people who contest the choice to seek capital punishment for this case.
The death penalty has been a highly contested issue for a long time. While some U.S. states have outlawed it, 31 states remain where capital punishment is still legal. The most infamous of these states is Texas, which has seen the most executions since 1976. Shockingly, the death penalty was also legal for those under 18 years old until Roper v. Simmons in 2005.
Supporters of capital punishment often praise its intended deterrent effects. While execution remains the possible consequence of terrible crimes like homicide, it should prevent people from committing murders in the first place. Many supporters of the death penalty also agree that execution is often the most appropriate punishment for those who commit heinous crimes.
Those who oppose the death penalty may do so for ethical reasons, but other reasons are also cited. For example, throughout history, the majority of those who are sentenced to death row have been non-white, mostly African-American. They are also overwhelmingly low-income. These racial and wealth disparities lead people to believe that capital punishment discriminates based on those factors, and indeed, many studies have been done with affirming results. Court cases such as McCleskey v. Kemp (1987) have even brought these disparities to the judicial arena in an attempt to have them considered, but to no avail.
Another major reason for opposing the death penalty is, of course, the possibility of innocence. The criminal justice system is not perfect, and there have been numerous instances where people are exonerated while on death row or even in the years following their execution.
Furthermore, while the Supreme Court ruled in 1976 that the death penalty is not considered to be cruel and unusual punishment, many people will argue that it does in fact violate the Eighth Amendment. The morality of different execution methods such as lethal injection, electrocution, hanging and even firing squad are often debated.
Around the world, capital punishment has even further implications as it is often the sentence for acts that should not be criminalized, like being gay. For reasons like this and the ones above, Amnesty International opposes the death penalty in all circumstances. In addition, over 100 countries have abolished the death penalty.
The ethics of capital punishment is a complex issue, and will likely remain debatable for a while. When considering Dylann Roof, it can get even more confusing — he was clearly a racist murderer, so the arguments about racial disparities are not applicable to him. There is no chance that he will later be found to be innocent. So why shouldn't the punishment reserved for the most heinous crime be applied to him?
In a 2013 article opposing the death penalty for Boston bomber Dzhokar Tsarnaev, Ian Millhiser and Zack Beauchamp argue, "The moment we say one victim, or set of victims, must be avenged by death, we lose the ability to consistently limit the death penalty’s application to rare cases — and the uncertainty and arbitrariness that plagues capital sentencing generally comes flooding back."
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0.997049 |
Why is an Associate Product Manager Important to us?
Shapeways is looking for a product manager that will take product ownership of InShape, our proprietary manufacturing supply chain management tool that is at the core of our business. You will listen to our customers and stakeholder needs, define and prioritize functionality, and work closely with peers in engineering, operations, and product to build and deliver timely updates, as we continue to refine our best-in-class production software, to better serve our growing business needs.
Speaking regularly with our customers and key stakeholders to understand their needs and how we can deliver them.
Drive projects by performing market and competitive research, capturing requirements, developing use cases, and user stories around the product, achieving consensus, writing specs, and shipping software with a team of engineers and designers.
Define and iterate on on the process that take a product from 3D model through all stages of production and delivery, as efficiently as possible.
Evaluate and incorporate new hardware into InShape that will allow for access to new rapid manufacturing technologies.
Define and analyze goals and metrics that allow the team to measure the success of their work.
Measure metrics regularly, and use that data to make adjustments to the product.
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0.93847 |
By 14 B.C., western Hungary was part of the Roman Empire's provinces of Pannonia and Dacia. In 896 A.D., the region was invaded by the Magyars, who founded a kingdom. Christianity was accepted during the reign of Stephen I (St. Stephen) from 977-1038. An invasion by the Mongols killed half of the population in 1241. The peak of Hungary's period of medieval power came during the reign of Louis I the Great (1342-1382).
In 1839, war broke out with the Turks. When the Turks smashed a Hungarian army in 1526, western and northern Hungary accepted Hapsburg rule to escape Turkish occupation. Transylvania became independent under Hungarian princes. Intermittent war with the Turks was waged until a peace treaty was signed in 1699.
After the suppression of the 1848 revolt against Hapsburg rule, led by Louis Kossuth, the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary was set up in 1867. The monarchy collapsed in World War I. After a short-lived republic in 1918, the Communist rule under Bela Kun ended with the Romanians occupying Budapest on August 4, 1919. When the Romanians left, Adm. Nicholas Horthy entered the capital with a national army. The Allies parceled out Hungarian territories through the Treaty of Trianon of June 4, 1920.
In World War II, Hungary allied with Germany. Following the German invasion of Russia on June 22, 1941, Hungary joined the attack, but withdrew in defeat by May 1943. Germany occupied Hungary for the remainder of the war. Hungarian Jews and Gypsies were sent to death camps. The Nazis were driven out by the Soviets in 1944-1945.
By the Treaty of Paris in 1947, Hungary gave up territory and payed $300 million in reparations to the USSR, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia. In 1948, the Communist Party seized control. In 1949, Hungary was proclaimed a People's Republic and one-party state. Industry was nationalized, the land collectivized into state farms, and the opposition terrorized by the secret police. In 1949, the terror reached its height with the trial, torture, and life imprisonment of Cardinal József Mindszenty, who opposed communism.
On October 23, 1956, an anti-Communist revolution broke out in Budapest. The Communists called former prime minister Imre Nagy back to head the coalition government. Nagy and most of his ministers sympathized with the anti-Communist opposition, and he declared Hungary a neutral power, withdrawing from the Warsaw Treaty and appealing to the United Nations (UN) for help. János Kádár, General Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party, asked the USSR to send in military power. Soviet troops and tanks suppressed the revolution after 190,000 people had fled the country. Kádár presided over the country until 1988, when he was replaced by Károly Grósz.
In 1989, the Communists abandoned their monopoly on power voluntarily, and the constitution was amended in October. Hungary held its first multi-party elections in 1990 and initiated a free market economy. The last Soviet troops left Hungary in June 1991. Hungary joined NATO in April 1999.
In May 2004, Hungary joined the European Union (EU).
In September 2004, Ferenc Gyurcsany became prime minister following the resignation of Péter Medgyessy.
Prime Minister Gyurcsany was re-elected in 2006. In September, a tape was leaked to the media on which Prime Minister Gyurcsany admitted to lying about the state of the economy in order to win the election. Demonstrators rioted and demanded his resignation.
In November 2008, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) extended a $25 billion rescue package to help during the global financial crisis.
In April 2009, Gordon Bajnai agreed to succeed Ferenc Gyurcsany as prime minister. Gyurcsany resigned after failing to help the nation's economy during the global economic crisis.
In April 2010, Viktor Orbán and his political party, Fidesz, won a two-thirds majority in parliamentary elections. Orbán was appointed prime minister. He introduced several laws that increased government control over the media, judiciary, and central bank.
In October 2010, Hungary experienced its worst chemical disaster when a sludge reservoir broke at an industrial plant that converts bauxite to aluminum. A river of red toxic mud swept through 16 square miles of western Hungary and reached the Danube River. Eight people were killed and hundreds injured in the accident.
In April 2011, Parliament approved a new "majoritarian" constitution, which went into effect amid widespread disapproval and fear that the document consolidated the power of Fidesz at the expense of democracy. Thousands of protestors took to the streets in Budapest. In early January 2012, the EU gave Hungary an ultimatum. The European Commission warned that it would take legal action unless the country modified the new laws it passed. In March, the EU said it would suspend about 500 million euros in development aid unless the country show progress in cutting its deficit.
In April 2012, Pál Schmitt resigned as president after Semmelweis University withdrew his doctorate degree. A university committee issued a report accusing Schmitt of plagiarizing in his 1992 thesis. In May, Parliament elected Janos Ader as president.
In March 2013, Parliament passed an amendment to its Constitution. The amendment was considered controversial because it included several laws viewed as a way for the government to regulate media, education, and the social life of citizens. Thousands protested the amendment in Budapest.
In April 2014, the Fidesz party won parliamentary elections giving Orbán a third term as prime minister. In October, the government announced plans to tax Internet usage. Tens of thousands of people took to the streets in Budapest protesting the proposal. Orbán withdrew the plan.
In February 2015, Fidesz lost its two-thirds majority in parliament as the result of a by-election defeat. The departure of Tibor Navracsics to become an EU commissioner in Brussels caused the vote.
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The new Canon SL2 DSLR features an articulating LCD screen, making it perfect for taking photos and videos from a variety of angles. Many of Canon’s previous efforts (including the SL1) do not include articulating screens, which makes this new SL2 quite convenient, especially for YouTube vloggers or people taking selfies. It can also be incredibly useful for getting pictures from awkward angles, such as very high or very low. The screen is also a touchscreen, making the whole process much easier and faster for people such as vloggers and selfie-takers, as you can use the camera’s new dual-pixel autofocus feature via the touchscreen. Simply touch the item that you want to be in focus on the screen, and the camera cinematically pulls focus to your desired subject.
The camera comes equipped with a 24.2MP sensor, which makes it ideal for those who regularly crop their images. Additionally, it also shoots at 5 frames per second, which makes it great for amateur photographers who are looking to get shots of fast-moving action such as sports shot or wildlife shots. If you’re looking to do videos with audio, there is an onboard mic included too. However, like many onboard camera mics, the quality is limited and the audio is often tinny. The SL2 comes with a 3.5mm mic jack, however, allowing you to plug in a high-quality hot-shoe mic or something similar in order to get better audio.
Using the SL2 for Instagram The Canon SL2 DSLR includes built-in WiFi and NFC components, meaning that it can be used for instantly uploading photos to platforms such as Instagram.
The Canon SL2’s connectivity also means that you can edit your images on your smartphone before posting them online. If you don’t need to use a PC-based photo-editing program and simply need to do some basic filtering, curves adjustments, or retouching, then the SL2 allows you to do just that from your smartphone.
You simply use the camera’s WiFi or NFC systems to transfer photos to your smartphone, using smartphone-based photo-editing apps to give your images that finishing touch. Popular photo-editing apps for Android and iOS systems include Photoshop Express, Snapseed, Pixlr, Prisma, Aviary, or your phone’s native basic photo-editing apps, such as Samsung’s “Sketch” app.
is. The Canon SL2’s WiFi connectivity shows the company’s awareness of the current market, as they continually adapt their entry-level cameras to fulfill the needs of many amateur photographers and videographers who require cameras which can be used to easily take selfies, take pictures, and record vlogs whilst remaining in focus. With the ability to upload raw or basic-edited photos straight to the internet, there is no telling where the SL2 will take some of its owners.
Which Robin are you most like?
Tell me your favorite and I’ll tell you who you are.
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"Tie Me Kangaroo Down, Sport" is a song written by Australian singer Rolf Harris in 1957 which became a hit around the world in the 1960s in two recordings (1960 in Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom for the original, and 1963 with a re-recording of his song in the United States). Inspired by Harry Belafonte's calypsos, it is about an Australian stockman on his deathbed. The song is one of the best-known and most successful Australian songs.
Harris originally offered four unknown Australian backing musicians 10% of the royalties for the song in 1960, but they decided to take a recording fee of £28 among them because they thought the song would be a flop.
The recording peaked at No. 1 in the Australian charts and was a Top 10 hit in the UK in 1960. In 1963, Harris re-recorded the song in the UK with George Martin as producer, and this remake of the song reached No. 3 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart and spent three weeks atop the easy listening chart in 1963. Harris re-recorded his song a second time along with The Wiggles in 2000 with the introductory verse and the verse mentioning the stockman's death omitted. It is still popular today as a children's song.
The distinctive sound of Harris's original recording was achieved by the use of an instrument of his own design called the "wobble board"—a two-by-three-foot piece of hardboard.
Other versions were recorded by Connie Francis (for her album Connie Francis and The Kids Next Door 1966) and by Pat Boone.
In Harris's version, a dying Australian stockman instructs his friends to take care of his affairs when he is gone. The first of these is to watch his wallabies feed, then to tie his kangaroo down, since they jump around (which is the chorus). "Sport" is an Australian term of address, alluding to "good sport", which often, as in this case, praises someone for carrying out a small favour one is asking of them. The lyrics mention animals and objects associated with Australia, including cockatoos, koalas, platypuses, and didgeridoos. His last dying wish is "Tan me hide when I'm dead, Fred". By the end of the song, the stockman has died and his wish has been carried out: "So we tanned his hide when he died, Clyde, and that's it hanging on the shed".
Many parodies, variations, and versions tailored for different countries exist of the song, and Harris performs excerpts from some of them on a 1969 live album released only in the UK called Rolf Harris Live at the Talk of the Town (EMI Columbia SCX 6313). He recorded a version with The Beatles on 18 December 1963 for the BBC programme From Us To You Say The Beatles in which each Beatle is included in the lyrics. It was broadcast on 26 December.
The song is performed by Elvis Costello in a 2003 episode of Frasier. Costello, playing the character of Ben, played the song in the Season 10 episode, "Farewell, Nervosa" accompanied by the character of Niles Crane playing maracas.
The stockman thus emancipates his indigenous offsiders at his death, when they are "of no further use" to him. This verse does not feature in 21st-century versions of the song and, in a 2006 interview, Harris expressed regret about the racist nature of the original lyrics.
But let me welcome you all to the Games.
^ "45cat.com". 45cat.com. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
^ A. B. Paterson. "The Old Bush Songs" (TXT). Gutenberg.net.au. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
^ "The Beatles' BBC radio recordings". The Beatles Bible. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
^ Thomas, Athol (12 December 1964). "In Western Australia This Week: Card Falls Wrongly for Country Party". The Canberra Times. National Library of Australia. p. 2. Retrieved 30 August 2013.
^ Renee Switzer, Rolf's lyrics 'a sign of the times', The Age, 6 December 2006.
This page was last edited on 1 February 2019, at 19:06 (UTC).
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What is the best time of year to visit Milan?
Best Time for Festivals and Events: Milan hosts many festivals and events, with some of the best taking place in the spring and fall months. In spring, Milanese celebrate Carnevale Ambrosiano – a Mardi Gras-type festival that’s usually scheduled for the Sunday after Ash Wednesday – with costume parties, parades, and general revelry. Fall brings a great mix of events, with fewer tourists, generally. In early September, The Italian Grand Prix is held just north of Milan in Monza; an easy day trip and one of the best races anywhere in the world. Fall Fashion Week, also held in September, brings in the models and the beautiful people, and the Milano Film Festival, in late September or early October, regularly features first-run world premieres and cinematic celebrities, with many films either sub-titled or shown in English. The Milan Jazz Festival happens in November, with not just music, but movies, classes, conferences, and events held in unusual venues (for example, an ancient site near the Archeological Museum). Finally, early December brings Oh Bej! Oh Bej! (translated as “Oh so nice! Oh so nice!”), the city’s seasonal celebration, showcasing street markets, Christmas fairs, and festive events for participants of all ages.
Best Time for Shopping: Any time is a good time for shopping in Milan, the fashion capital of Europe. The city is filled with cute shops, beautiful boutiques, and flagship stores for famous luxury brands like Prada, Armani, and many others. (The Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II, one of Milan’s must-see attractions and most important pieces of architecture, is basically an incredibly fancy shopping mall.) Winter travel to Milan is particularly ideal for style-seekers, however, when two of the world’s biggest fashion shows take place during January (Men’s Fashion Week) and February (Women’s Fashion Week). During those weeks, the lure of new style trends and the urge to “see and be seen” draw thousands of beautiful and/or famous people from around the globe – which means that you’ll want to book a hotel a bit further in advance if you want to experience it. Overall, though, winter is a slow tourist season, with hotels tending to be a little cheaper, and stores offering discounts on lines from the previous year to make space for new arrivals. Fashion Week happens again during the summer for both men (in June) and women (September), but the colder, wetter weather of January and February are better for spending time shopping indoors, and the slower season (on non-Fashion Weeks) means businesses are more interested in luring tourists searching for bargains.
Best Time for Kids and Families: The peak of tourist season in Milan is in the summer months, but the combination of uncomfortably hot weather and large crowds can be particularly tough on the littlest members of the family. Better to bring them during April and May, when the temperature is more pleasant and you can all get around easier without having to dodge as many fellow tourists. Regardless of when you go, there are many fantastic options in the city to keep kids entertained, indoor or out. The Sforza Castle has a public fountain and an open courtyard with all sorts of fun distractions, along with Park Sempione right next door. The Civic Aquarium, located on the edge of the park; is on the small side, but is a fun side adventure, particularly on a warmer day. The other large park in city center, Giardini Pubblici, features a planetarium (the Civico Planetario Ulrico Hoepli) and a butterfly garden. Both parks often feature public markets, and with flowers in spring bloom, gorgeous bouquets abound. Of all the museums in town, the natural history museum (Civico Museo di Storia Naturale) and its dinosaur collection probably has the most appeal for kids. If you do choose to visit Milan in summer, be aware that there’s an Acquatica Park just west of the city center (open June through early September) that features pools, water slides, and lagoons.
Best Time to Visit Museums and Galleries: For those looking to enjoy Milan’s impressive lineup of museums and galleries, the best two months to visit are June and December. In June, the temperature is warming up with the tourist season, and museum curators have just installed their most impressive gallery exhibitions. The same principle applies in December; although the number of tourists drops over the colder months, the holiday season brings many visitors into Milan, and museums take advantage by hosting top-level shows. For instance, in 2017, the Palazzo Reale, one of Milan’s top art museums, ran a rare Caravaggio exhibition from September through January (a limited collection of Caravaggio’s work is permanently on display at Milan’s Pinacoteca de Brera). The weather (hot in June, cold in December) also makes the prospect of spending a few hours wandering a museum or two that much more appealing. Milan’s most famous work of art, Leonardo da Vinci’s Last Supper, located in Santa Maria delle Grazie church, is available to be viewed year round, and you will want to book tickets well in advance (up to four months) no matter when you decide to visit. The one month you might want to skip? August; when many residents have fled the city, leaving many small businesses – and occasionally museums – short-staffed or closed entirely. Many museums are closed on Mondays, and most are closed on Christmas Day (December 25), New Year’s Day (January 1), and Labour Day (May 1).
High Season (June to August): The heaviest time of the year for tourism in Milan is during the summer months. The weather can be hot, particularly in July and August, so be prepared and make sure your lodging has dependable air conditioning. Another thing to prepare for: Milan is built on swampy marsh, and that means mosquitoes can be a problem. No need to pack any repellant, just be sure to buy some in a local farmacia after you arrive. In August, many of the locals flee the city, so if you choose that month to visit, you may find many of the smaller shops are closed. December is another popular time for visitors looking to enjoy holiday festivities and events, and take advantage of shopping opportunities.
Shoulder Season (September to November, May): The fall months bring colder temperatures and school-related commitments for families, and thus fewer visitors. That makes it a pretty ideal time to visit, with slimmer crowds and more reasonable hotel rates and airfares. Because the Milanese will have returned home from vacation, you will get to be among actual Italians as well as your fellow tourists (the balance tips quite a bit toward the latter in summer). You may, however, want to bring an umbrella – October and November are the rainiest months of the year in Milan. Also be aware that Women’s Fashion Week occurs in Milan in September; book your lodging well in advance if you plan to travel during that time frame. May is can be a wonderful time to visit Milan as well, with the weather (but not the tourist season) beginning to heat up.
Low Season (March and April): March and April are the slowest times of the year, with no Fashion Weeks or enticing warm weather to lure tourists. High temperatures average in the 50s and 60s (Fahrenheit), but the lows, particularly in March, can dip down near or below freezing. You might consider packing a good heavy coat in case a cold snap sets in, and make sure your hotel or lodging has reliable heat (or at least extra blankets).
Corteo dei Re Magi – Religious festival celebrating the Three Wise Men, with a parade along Porta di Ticinese featuring actors dressed as the three kings. Also known as Epiphany and Befana.
Men’s Fashion Week (Milano Moda Uomo) – The beautiful people descend on Milan to see the latest (and often wildest) fashions for four weeks every year, in January, February, June, and September. In January, the latest in men’s fashion is on the catwalk.
Carnevale Ambrosiano (occasionally also occurs in March) – Religion and history come together for Milan’s version of Mardi Gras, although the festival here takes place in after Lent instead of on Fat Tuesday. Expect parades, costumes, and general merriment.
Women’s Fashion Week (Milano Moda Donna) – Milan is taken over again by fashionistas and famous folks, out to see the latest styles for women.
Festa di San Giuseppe – Saint Joseph’s Day, which used to be a national holiday in Italy, is celebrated in Milan as a kind of Italian version of Father’s Day, with dads receiving gifts and related special events happening all over the city.
Oggi Aperto – Literally “open today,” monuments and historic buildings across the city that are normally closed to visitors are open for public viewing. Usually occurs during the third weekend of March.
Salone Internazionale del Mobile – Hundreds of designers and craftspeople come to Milan for what is probably the world’s largest annual Furniture Fair. The main action happens at the FieraMilano convention center, but there are exhibitions and events all over town.
Milan Marathon – The city welcomes runners, athletes, and amateurs to compete in its yearly marathon; the number of participants has been steadily growing since launching in 2000.
MiArt – One of the largest art shows in all of Europe brings together major artists and collectors from around the world. It’s also a showcase for fringe artists who operate on the more challenging end of the spectrum.
Mercato dei Fiori – Spring brings the flower harvest, which is celebrated in Milan with a huge open market along the Naviglio Grande canal, filled with shops, bars, and restaurants.
Settimana delle Beni Culturali – Enjoy free entry to all of Milan’s great museums over the course of the city’s Cultural Heritage Week, with many private collections also available for viewing.
Cortili Aperti – Baroque gardens and courtyards in some of Milan’s most opulent buildings and neighborhoods are opened to the public for one Sunday in May.
Piano City – A three-day series of events around Milan featuring piano-based concerts, often in unusual, private venues designed to give audiences a unique experience.
Orticola ai Giardini Pubblici Indro Montanelli – Giardini Pubblici, one of Milan’s two major public parks (Park Sempione is the other one) hosts a huge outdoor flower and garden exhibition that takes over the entire area. Usually takes place over a weekend during the earlier part of the month.
Festival Latino Americano – Milan’s celebration of all things Latin, featuring concerts, crafts, food, and more in various locations around the city.
Festa del Naviglio – Over the course of two weeks, Milan’s lively canal district gets even livelier, with street music, vendors, and aperitivo-loving locals and tourists taking advantage of the many delicious bars and restaurants in the vicinity.
La Notte Bianca – In a nod to the Italian phrase which literally translates as “white night,” and is the common term for a sleepless evening, for one night of the year most of the city’s bars, restaurants, cinemas, and shops are open until 6am.
Giro d’Italia – One of the most important dates on the professional cycling circuit, the Giro d’Italia takes riders on a journey across over 2,000 miles and the better part of continental Italy, usually including a route through Milan.
Men’s Fashion Week (Milano Moda Uomo) – Fashion Week returns for its summer incarnation, with the men showing off the new styles for the coming year. With June already a peak month for travel to Milan, getting a room anywhere near town for this particular week can be difficult, so if you choose to attend, plan ahead.
Milano d’Estate (June – August) – The Sforza Castle holds a series of concerts all summer long, with internationally famous recording acts throughout the summer. Tickets can be hard to come by, but are usually available via Turismo Milano a few months before the events.
Notturni in Villa (June – August) – Within the surrounding areas of Milan, as well as in the city center, a number of privately owned villas open their doors for a series of jazz and classical concerts running throughout the summer.
Italian Grand Prix – Held just outside of Milan in the town of Monza, this Formula One racing event provides a forum for legendary Italian car makers like Ferrari and Maserati.
Milano Film Festival – Watch films from around the world—many of which are presented in English (either via subtitles or dubbing)—at Milan’s yearly fall movie festival.
Rito della Nivola – A yearly celebration involving the Santo Chiodo, or “holy nail,” purported to be an actual nail from the Crucifixion housed in Milan’s world-renowned Duomo.
Women’s Fashion Week (Milano Moda Donna) – The last official Fashion Week on the yearly calendar reveals the styles which will be in vogue (or at least, that’s what the designers hope) for women starting with the ensuing spring.
Celtic New Year – Milan, like a number of other European cities, is slowly catching the Halloween crazy, but this event is still the bigger occasion. Sforza Castle gets taken over for several days of music, dancing, and celtic/medieval-themed revelry.
Milano Jazz Festival – A more recent addition to Milan’s event calendar, the “MiJazz” festival has already become a big hit, with not only concerts, but also lectures, discussion groups, and jazz-oriented classes as well.
All Saints’ Day – National holiday. Milan takes the first of November off, with many exchanging gifts to commemorate Catholic saints. Many shops and restaurants will be closed and museums may also not be open.
International Motorcycle Expo – Motorcycle enthusiasts from around the world descend on Milan to celebrate their passion in a city that has long celebrated fine automotive design.
Festival of Sant’Ambrogio – Otherwise known as “Oh Bej! Oh Bej!” this seasonal festival kicks off the holiday season with a celebration of Ambrogio, the city’s patron saint. Usually held on or near December 7th, the festival usually takes place in the piazza in front of the Sant’Ambrogio basilica, but in recent years events have also taken place at Castle Sforza and around the Duomo (where special services are also held).
Holiday for the Immaculate Conception – The day after the “Oh Bej! Oh Bej!” festival is a national holiday, as the Milanese retreat to their kitchens to prepare celebratory feasts. Since it’s a holiday, you will likely find many shops and restaurants are closed.
Festa di San Silvestro (New Year’s Eve) – Milan celebrates the beginning of a new year along with the rest of the world, with special events, dinners, and celebrations all over town.
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The Laches (/ˈlækiːz/; Greek: Λάχης) is a Socratic dialogue written by Plato. Participants in the discourse present competing definitions of the concept of courage.
Laches - Athenian general and statesman, son of Melanopus.
Lysimachus, son of Aristides, and Melesias, son of Thucydides (not the historian Thucydides), request advice from Laches and Nicias on whether or not they should have their sons (who are named after their famous grandfathers) trained to fight in armor. After each gives their opinion, Nicias for and Laches against, they seek Socrates for counsel.
Socrates questions what the initial purpose of the training is meant to instill in the children. Once they determine that the purpose is to instill virtue, and more specifically courage, Socrates discusses with Laches and Nicias what exactly courage is. The bulk of the dialogue is then the three men (Laches, Nicias and Socrates) debating various definitions of courage.
Nicias argues in favor of an education in fighting in armour for young men. He mentions that it promotes physical fitness, prepares a man for military duties, gives an advantage over untrained opponents, helps one understand military strategy, makes one braver, and gives one a martial appearance.
Laches argues against the need for fighting in armour by claiming that the Spartans do not practice it; the instructors that Laches has seen are not brave soldiers and so have not benefitted from this knowledge; and it causes cowards to take foolish and damaging military risks.
Melesias and Lysimachus ask Socrates to decide which side is correct. Socrates begins by trying to clarify what the actual topic is. He determines that the issue is the care of young men's character and asks if there are qualified teachers for this. Socrates confesses not to be skilled in this and assumes that Laches and Nicias are either versed in character building or else know of experts in that field. Socrates proposes to question them about this to see if they have qualified expertise.
Nicias warns about Socrates' philosophical methods of getting the interlocuter to examine their own conscience. Laches states that he likes to hear discussions that are "musical", when a person's discourse is in tune with their actions. Paraphrasing Solon, Laches agrees to participate in Socrates' inquiry because he likes to learn from good men.
Socrates uses a medical analogy to help define goodness: If eyes can be improved by adding sight to them, then a boys' character can be improved by adding goodness to it. As knowledge of what sight is is necessary before it can be considered as an improvement, so too it is necessary to have knowledge of what good is before it is used to improve a character. Rather than try to define what the whole of goodness is, Socrates thinks it would be easier to define an aspect of goodness that is relevant to the question: bravery.
Laches advances that to be brave is to be a soldier who can hold his position in combat without running away. Socrates explains that his definition is very specific to military infantry and what he was really looking for is a notion of bravery that pertains to all military situations and extends to all situations in life.
Laches offers an opinion that courage is "a certain perseverance of the soul". However, Socrates challenges this idea by arguing that there are many instances in battle when the prudent thing to do is to withdraw or flee. Since courage is a virtue, Socrates argues, it cannot contradict prudence, and therefore the idea that courage always demands perseverance must be false. Laches is forced to admit this contradiction.
Socrates expresses his perplexity in trying to account for bravery. Laches wishes to pursue the conversation, saying that he has a sense of what bravery is, but is not able to express it properly. Socrates states that like a good huntsman pursuing a trail, they must persevere in the search for their quarry. They invite Nicias to give his definition of bravery.
Nicias then offers another definition. He suggests that courage is "knowledge of what is to be feared and hoped for both in war and in all other matters".
Since bravery is the knowledge of what is fearful and encouraging, Socrates asks if a pig could be brave. Nicias denies that animals can be brave as he believes that a certain amount of wisdom is necessary for bravery and that very few people can be considered brave. Socrates playfully suggest that Nicias is being influenced by a sophist named Damon and offers to respond to Nicias' assertion.
Nicias agrees that something 'fearful' is the expectation of a future evil and something 'hopeful' is the expectation of a future good. Socrates then argues that full knowledge of any subject involves an understanding not only of future matters, but also of past and present. Thus if courage is the knowledge of future evils and goods, it must also necessarily be the knowledge of those of the present and past too. He then asserts that Nicias' definition actually amounts to a definition of all virtue (since it implies knowledge of all good and evil) and therefore, since courage is in fact only a part of virtue, a contradiction arises and the definition must be false.
And so, in the end, Socrates finds both his companions' theories to be unsatisfactory, and the dialogue ends in aporia, an English term derived from the ancient Greek ἀπορία meaning "philosophical confusion".
There are many different interpretations as to why the dialogue ends in aporia. Certain commentators, such as Iain Lane, view the Socratic method of elenchus as an end in itself; that debate is the central premise and function of the dialogue. Others, such as Gregory Vlastos, see the dialogue ending because of the specific deficiencies of the characters' definitions.
This page was last edited on 31 August 2018, at 05:08 (UTC).
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Is your air conditioner ready for the hot summer temperatures? Did you know that heating and cooling your home consumes up to 50% of total home energy use?1 There are some measures you can take to improve energy savings such as preparing your AC and ensuring it is operating efficiently.
Inspect your AC Filters: It is important to check your filters once a month for dirt and buildup, make sure they are replaced or cleaned.3 A dirty filter will recirculate dust back into your home and make your air conditioner work harder to keep your home cool.
Close your Blinds & Shades: To stop the cool air from escaping and to keep the sun out of your home you will have to close your blinds and shades. As heat travels through windows it will warn both you and the thermostat up which will affect the cool temperature in your home.
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To communicate we need to find a common terminology. There are some of the concepts that will appear in many places. (Various sources: google, books, wikipedia).
– The cell, from Latin cella, meaning “small room” is the basic structural, functional and biological unit of all known living organisms. Cells are the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently, and are often called the “building blocks of life”.
The study of cells is called cell biology. Cells consist of a protoplasm enclosed within a membrane, which contains many biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids. Organisms can be classified as unicellular (consisting of a single cell; including most bacteria) or multicellular (including plants and animals). While the number of cells in plants and animals varies from species to species, humans contain about 100 trillion cells. Most plant and animal cells are visible only under the microscope, with dimensions between 1 and 100 micrometres.
The cell was discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665. The cell theory, first developed in 1839 by Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodor Schwann, states that all organisms are composed of one or more cells, that all cells come from preexisting cells, that vital functions of an organism occur within cells, and that all cells contain the hereditary information necessary for regulating cell functions and for transmitting information to the next generation of cells. Cells emerged on Earth at least 3.5 billion years ago.
– There are some states in which consciousness seems to be abolished, including sleep, coma, and death. There are also a variety of circumstances that can change the relationship between the mind and the world in less drastic ways, producing what are known as altered states of consciousness.
– Also called altered state of mind (ASC), is any condition which is significantly different from a normal waking state.
– Is a term of analytical psychology, coined by Carl Jung. It is proposed to be a part of the unconscious mind, expressed in humanity and all life forms with nervous systems, and describes how the structure of the psyche autonomously organizes experience.
– Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule that encodes the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and many viruses.
1. The condition of being double; duality.
2. Philosophy The view that the world consists of or is explicable as two fundamental entities, such as mind and matter.
3. Psychology The view that the mind and body function separately, without interchange.
a. The concept that the world is ruled by the antagonistic forces of good and evil.
b. The concept that humans have two basic natures, the physical and the spiritual.
– In biology, and specifically genetics, epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene activity that are not caused by changes in the DNA sequence; it also can be used to describe the study of stable, long-term alterations in the transcriptional potential of a cell that are not necessarily heritable. Unlike simple genetics based on changes to the DNA sequence (the genotype), the changes in gene expression or cellular phenotype of epigenetics have other causes. The name epi- (Greek: επί- over, outside of, around) -genetics.
– In modern molecular biology and genetics, the genome is the entirety of an organism’s hereditary information. It is encoded either in DNA or, for many types of viruses, in RNA. The genome includes both the genes and the non-coding sequences of the DNA/RNA.
– Hypnosis i considered to be a special psychological state with certain physiological attributes marked by a functioning of the individual at a level of awareness other than the ordinary conscious state.
– A practice in which an individual trains the mind or induces a mode of consciousness, either to realize some benefit or as an end in itself.
– In physics, quantization is the process of transition from a classical understanding of physical phenomena to a newer understanding known as “quantum mechanics”. It is a procedure for constructing a quantum field theory starting from a classical field theory. This is a generalization of the procedure for building quantum mechanics from classical mechanics.
– Quantum mechanics (quantum physics, or quantum theory) is a branch of physics provides a mathematical description of much of the dual particle-like and wave-like behavior and interactions of energy and matter.
– Reductionism is often viewed as the opposite of holism. Reductionism in science says that a complex system can be explained by reduction to its fundamental parts. For example, the processes of biology are reducible to chemistry and the laws of chemistry are explained by physics.
– Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a family of large biological molecules that perform multiple vital roles in the coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes. Together with DNA, RNA comprises the nucleic acids, which, along with proteins, constitute the three major macromolecules essential for all known forms of life.
– The self is the subject of one’s own experience of phenomena: perception, emotions, thoughts. In phenomenology, it is conceived as what experiences, and there isn’t any experiencing without an experiencer, the self. The self is therefore an “immediate given”, an intrinsic dimension of the fact of experiencing phenomena. The self has been studied extensively by philosophers and psychologists and is central to many world religions.
Trance denotes a variety of processes, ecstasy, techniques, modalities and states of mind, awareness and consciousness. Trance states may occur involuntarily and unbidden. The term trance may be associated with hypnosis, meditation, magic, flow, and prayer. It may also be related to the earlier generic term, altered states of consciousness.
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The Islamic conquests were a huge blow to the Christian World, of the 5 Christian Patriarchates (the 5 great urban centers of Christianity in the 6th-7th centuries AD), 3 of them had been conquered by Islamic armies (Jerusalem, Alexandria, and Antioch), with only Rome and Constantinople still under Christian rule. The Christian World was at its weakest state since it was first adopted as the official religion of the Roman Empire. The newly created Islamic World by contrast was flourishing, having acquired many of the great urban centers of civilization. Islamic ruled cities such as Damascus, Baghdad, and Cordoba developed into centers of trade, learning, and culture.
During the 9th Century AD, the Arabs took advantage of the weak state of the Christian world by building large navies and taking their armies to the seas. The Mediterranean Sea became a virtual Muslim lake, where "Saracen" raiders, as they became known, were able to strike anywhere they pleased, pillaging the land and raiding for slaves, with little fear of Christian reprisals. In fact, huge areas of the coasts of the Mediterranean were abandoned by Christian communities in wake of these raids. (See map 2 - 870 AD) The height of Muslim power over the Mediterranean Sea can be characterized as the mid-9th Century AD. This period saw Muslim armies cross the Mediterranean and capture the islands of Malta, Sicily, and Crete, and even areas of mainland Italy. The Southern Italian cities of Taranto (840-880 AD) and Bari (847-871 AD) were both captured and held by Muslim forces for much of the 9th Century. (See map 2 - 870 AD) One peculiarity of this period was the fate of Cyprus, where the Byzantine Empire agreed to "co-administer" the island with the Arabs, each party would take an equal share of the taxes collected. The arrangement lasted for some 300 years, despite the fact that in the same time there was nearly constant warfare between the two parties on the mainland.
Towards the end of the 9th Century, the Christian World began to recover. The first successful counter-offensives were against Saracen strongholds on Mainland Italy. By 915 AD, all of mainland Italy was back in Christian hands and Italian city-states such as Pisa and Amalfi began to develop fleets that could defeat Saracen ships before they arrived on Christian shores.
Whilst Christian forces had gotten the upper hand in Italy, Muslims were still able to operate their fleets from Spain and continue to raid the coasts of Southern France. Saracens established a stronghold along the coast of Provence at Freinet (Fraxinetum)and were able to control the surrounding area for almost 100 years before being finaly driven out in 973 AD. In 902 AD, Muslims from Spain conquered the Balearic Islands.
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A genetic algorithm (GA) is an algorithm used to find approximate solutions to difficult-to-solve problems, inspired by and named after biological processes of inheritance, mutation, natural selection, and the genetic crossover that occurs when parents mate to produce offspring. Genetic algorithms are a particular class of evolutionary algorithms.
Genetic algorithms are typically implemented as a computer simulation in which a population of abstract representations of candidate solutions to an optimization problem are stochastically selected, recombined, mutated, and then either eliminated or retained, based on their relative fitnesses.
John Holland was the pioneering founder of much of today's work in genetic algorithms, which has moved on from a purely theoretical subject (though based on computer modelling), to provide methods which can be used to solve some difficult problems today. Problems which appear to be particularly appropriate for solution by genetic algorithms include timetabling and scheduling problems, and many scheduling software packages are based on GAs.
The problem to be solved is represented by a list of parameters which can be used to drive an evaluation procedure. Possible solutions to the problem (referred to as chromosomes or genomes) are also represented in this parameter list form. These chromosomes are evaluated, and a value of goodness or fitness is returned.
Initially several such parameter lists or chromosomes are generated randomly, to form an initial pool of possible solutions. This is called the first generation pool.
All of the chromosomes are evaluated by a fitness function, and effectively the pool is sorted with those having better fitness at the top, representing better solutions to the problem. Notice that better in this context is relative, as initial solutions are likely to be rather poor.
The next step of the algorithm is to generate a second generation pool of parameter lists, which is done using the genetic operators selection, crossover (or recombination), and mutation.
The first step in the construction of the next generation is to select a pair of chromosomes for crossover. Selection is biased towards elements of the initial generation which have better fitness, though it is usually not so biased that poorer elements have no chance to participate. There are several well-defined selection methods; roulette wheel selection and tournament selection are popular methods.
Following selection, the crossover (or recombination) operation is performed upon the selected chromosomes. In general, two parent chromosomes are chosen to reproduce and their crossover results in two new child chromosomes, which are added to the second generation pool. This is repeated until there are an appropriate number of candidate solutions in the second generation pool.
The next step is to mutate the newly developed pool, again by a process of selection, this time of individual chromosomes, followed by application of the mutation genetic operator.
These processes result in a second generation pool of chromosomes that is different from the initial generation, which is then evaluated and the fitness values for each list is obtained. Generally the average degree of fitness will have increased by this procedure for the second generation pool.
A slight variant of this method of pool generation is to allow some of the better chromosomes from the first generation to carry over to the second. This form of genetic algorithm is known as an elite selection strategy.
The process continues by generating third, fourth, fifth,... (and so on) generations, until one of the generations contains solutions which are good enough.
There are several general observations to make about the generation of solutions.
the most important genetic operators are selection and crossover. Mutation is only necessary to ensure that potential solutions are not lost.
GAs are not good at finding optimal solutions but can rapidly locate good solutions, even for difficult search spaces.
It is also important to note that there are several different variants of the basic GA algorithm. The simplest algorithm represents each chromosome as a bit string. Typically numeric parameters can be represented by integers, though it is possible to use floating point representations. The basic algorithm performs crossover and mutation at the bit level. Other variants treat the parameter list as lists of numbers, and crossover and mutation are performed so as to respect number boundaries. For most data types specific variation operators can be designed.
Genetic algorithms are known to produce good results for some problems. Their major disadvantage is that they are relatively slow, compared to other methods, such as random optimisation. Recent speed improvements have focused on speciation, wherein cross-over can only occur if individuals are closely-enough related. Genetic algorithms have been successfully applied to the study of neurological evolution (see NeuroEvolution by Augmented Topologies).
Genetic programming is a related technique developed by John Koza, in which computer programs, rather than function parameters, are optimised. Genetic programming often uses tree-based internal data structures to represent the computer programs for adaptation instead of the list, or array, structures typical of genetic algorithms. Genetic programming algorithms typically require running time that is orders of magnitude greater than that for genetic algorithms, but they may be suitable for problems that are intractable with genetic algorithms.
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Краткое описание: Animaniacs is a video game that is based on the hit animated series of the same name. Unlike regular platform games, the player usually runs from the enemies rather than fighting them. Characters include Yakko, Wakko, and Dot, Pinky and the Brain, most of the supporting cast, as well as Ralph, the Warner Brothers studio guard. Animaniacs was made into two games which bore no relation to each other in terms of gameplay, despite both being made by Konami. One was for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System and the other was for the Sega Mega Drive/Genesis and Game Boy. The SNES and Mega Drive/Genesis version were released in 1994, and the Game Boy version in 1995. Animaniacs is a video game that is based on the hit animated series of the same name. Unlike regular platform games, the player usually runs from the enemies rather than fighting them. Characters include Yakko, Wakko, and Dot, Pinky and the Brain, most of the supporting cast, as well as Ralph, the Warner Brothers studio guard. Animaniacs was made into two games which bore no relation to each other in terms of gameplay, despite both being made by Konami. One was for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System and the other was for the Sega Mega Drive/Genesis and Game Boy. The SNES and Mega Drive/Genesis version were released in 1994, and the Game Boy version in 1995.
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(2017) "Live in the Moment"
"Feel It Still" is a song by American rock band Portugal. The Man. The song, which has interpolations[clarification needed] from The Marvelettes' 1961 hit "Please Mr. Postman", was written by the band along with John Hill and Asa Taccone, with the latter two serving as producers. It serves as the second single and first radio single off their eighth studio album Woodstock. The song reached number one on the US Alternative Songs, Mexican and Russian Tophit airplay chart, and became their first entry on the US Billboard Hot 100, reaching number four as of October 2017. It was also featured in advertisements for the Apple iPad Pro, Vitamin Water, YouTube TV, Graton Resort & Casino, Haven Holidays and in a BBC TV trailer for Radio 2 and the first and second trailers for the 2018 film Peter Rabbit.
The track reached the top 10 in 18 countries including Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States.
The music video was released on March 6, 2017. An interactive version was also released, powered by technology from WIREWAX. The interactive video contained "Easter eggs" that a viewer could click on to build their #resist toolkit to learn and support 30 different social and political causes.
The song became the band's first to top both the Billboard Alternative Songs and the Adult Alternative Songs charts. Taking six weeks to do so, it is the fastest an artist has achieved their first chart-topper on the latter chart since Mumford & Sons' "I Will Wait" took three weeks to reach number one. "Feel It Still" also climbed to number four on the Billboard Hot 100, becoming their first entry on the chart. The song also peaked at number one on the Russian and Mexican airplay charts, and peaked inside the top 20 in France and Switzerland. "Feel It Still" has spent twenty weeks at number one on the Alternative Songs chart, becoming the longest-running number-one song on that chart, beating out "Madness" by Muse, which spent 19 weeks at the top from 2012 to 2013.
In Billboard's November 11, 2017 issue, "Feel It Still" joined the list of songs since 2003 to have reached number one on six of the major airplay charts: Radio Songs, Pop Songs, Adult Pop Songs, Alternative Songs, Adult Alternative Songs and Dance/Mix Show Airplay. Portugal. The Man is the first act to accomplish this feat since Gotye and Kimbra with "Somebody That I Used to Know" in 2012; they are the only artists to have a number-one Alternative and Adult Alternative single also reach number one on the Dance/Mix Show Airplay since the chart's launch in August 2003. They are now also one of twelve acts to have achieved the feat of having reached number one on six or more airplay charts.
In June of 2017, the song was used in a TV commercial for the Apple iPad Pro. In September of 2018, the song was used in a TV commercial for El Corte Inglés, both in Spain and in Portugal.
In early 2018, the song was used in a high-profile TV advertisement in Australia, for soap opera Neighbours, when villainous character Izzy Hoyland returned to the show after 11 years.
^ a b Kaye, Ben (March 4, 2017). "Portugal. The Man share swinging new single "Feel It Still" – listen". Consequence of Sound. Retrieved July 7, 2017.
^ Schlanger, Talia (May 2, 2017). "Portugal. The Man On World Cafe". NPR.org. NPR. Retrieved June 20, 2017. Then there's the song itself, which bears a certain resemblance to the old Marvelettes song "Please Mr. Postman." And while Portugal. The Man certainly didn't try to pull one over on anybody, and even warned its team about the similarities between the two songs, the band explains why it had to get lawyers involved.
^ a b Havens, Lyndsey (July 17, 2017). "Portugal. The Man Explain How Bernie Sanders Inspired Surprise Hit 'Feel It Still'". Billboard. Retrieved August 26, 2017.
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^ Rutherford, Kevin (June 27, 2017). "Portugal. The Man Earns First Alternative Songs No. 1 With 'Feel It Still'". Billboard. Retrieved June 29, 2017.
^ Rutherford, Kevin (November 28, 2017). "Portugal. The Man's 'Feel It Still' Breaks Record for Most Weeks at No. 1 on Alternative Songs Chart". Billboard. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
^ "Portugal. The Man's 'Feel It Still' Is Biggest Rock Crossover Hit in Five Years". Billboard. October 31, 2017. Retrieved November 1, 2017.
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^ "Australian-charts.com – Portugal. The Man – Feel It Still". ARIA Top 50 Singles. Retrieved November 4, 2017.
^ "Austriancharts.at – Portugal. The Man – Feel It Still" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40. Retrieved November 15, 2017.
^ "Ultratop.be – Portugal. The Man – Feel It Still" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50. Retrieved December 16, 2017.
^ "Ultratop.be – Portugal. The Man – Feel It Still" (in French). Ultratop 50. Retrieved December 23, 2017.
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^ "Архив класации - ПРОФОН". PROPHON (in Bulgarian). 2017-11-03. Retrieved 2019-02-13.
^ "Portugal The Man Chart History (Canadian Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved November 28, 2017.
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^ Portugal. The Man — Feel It Still. Tophit. Retrieved 2018-11-21.
^ "ČNS IFPI" (in Czech). Hitparáda – Radio Top 100 Oficiální. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: Change the chart to CZ – RADIO – TOP 100 and insert 201742 into search. Retrieved October 23, 2017.
^ "ČNS IFPI" (in Czech). Hitparáda – Digital Top 100 Oficiální. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: Change the chart to CZ – SINGLES DIGITAL – TOP 100 and insert 201743 into search. Retrieved November 7, 2017.
^ "Lescharts.com – Portugal. The Man – Feel It Still" (in French). Les classement single. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
^ "Offiziellecharts.de – Portugal. The Man – Feel It Still". GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved November 24, 2017.
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^ "Archívum – Slágerlisták – MAHASZ" (in Hungarian). Stream Top 40 slágerlista. Magyar Hanglemezkiadók Szövetsége. Retrieved February 9, 2018.
^ "Iceland Music Catalog". IcelandicMusic.com (in Icelandic). Retrieved August 21, 2018.
^ "Irish-charts.com – Discography Portugal. The Man". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
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^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Portugal. The Man – Feel It Still" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved January 13, 2018.
^ "Charts.nz – Portugal. The Man – Feel It Still". Top 40 Singles. Retrieved October 27, 2017.
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^ "Portuguesecharts.com – Portugal. The Man – Feel It Still". AFP Top 100 Singles. Retrieved November 4, 2017.
^ "Russia Airplay Chart for 2017-09-04." Tophit. Retrieved 2017-09-04.
^ "Official Scottish Singles Sales Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved February 24, 2018.
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^ "SloTop50: Slovenian official singles weekly chart" (in Slovenian). SloTop50. Retrieved December 17, 2017.
^ "Spanishcharts.com – Portugal. The Man – Feel It Still" Canciones Top 50. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
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^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
^ "Uruguay General" (in Spanish). Monitor Latino. Archived from the original on May 14, 2018. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
^ "Portugal The Man Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved October 24, 2017.
^ "Portugal The Man Chart History (Adult Alternative Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved October 17, 2017.
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^ "Russia Top City & Country Radio Hits 2017". Tophit. Retrieved 2018-01-14.
^ "Adult Pop Songs – Year-End 2017". Billboard. Retrieved December 15, 2017.
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^ "ARIA Australian Top 50 Singles". Australian Recording Industry Association. April 23, 2018. Retrieved April 21, 2018.
^ "Austrian single certifications – Portugal. The Man – Feel It Still" (in German). IFPI Austria. Retrieved May 8, 2018. Enter Portugal. The Man in the field Interpret. Enter Feel It Still in the field Titel. Select single in the field Format. Click Suchen.
^ "Canadian single certifications – Portugal. The Man – Feel It Still". Music Canada. Retrieved April 15, 2019.
^ "French single certifications – Portugal. The Man – Feel It Still" (in French). Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
^ "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (Portugal. The Man; 'Feel It Still')" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
^ "Italian single certifications – Portugal. The Man – Feel It Still" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. Retrieved March 12, 2018. Select "2018" in the "Anno" drop-down menu. Select "Feel It Still" in the "Filtra" field. Select "Singoli online" under "Sezione".
^ "New Zealand single certifications – Portugal. The Man – Feel It Still". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved February 23, 2018.
^ "Spanish single certifications – Portugal. The man – Feel it still" elportaldemusica.es. Retrieved February 28, 2018.
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^ "British single certifications – Portugal. The Man – Feel It Still". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved March 23, 2018. Select singles in the Format field. Select Platinum in the Certification field. Type Feel It Still in the "Search BPI Awards" field and then press Enter.
^ "American single certifications – Portugal. The Man – Feel It Still". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved March 6, 2019. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Single, then click SEARCH.
^ "Feel It Still – Single by Portugal. The Man". iTunes Store (GB). Retrieved May 23, 2017.
^ "Top 40/M Future Releases - Mainstream Hit Songs Being Released and Their Release Dates". AllAccess Music Group. July 25, 2017. Retrieved July 25, 2017.
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Weather is the state of the atmosphere in a minute-to-minute or day-to-day sense. Is it hot or cold? Wet or dry? Cloudy or clear? Climate is the trend of weather patterns over a long period of time. Arizona is a sunny place because we can look back at day by day weather data and see that trend. Weather can change in an instant, but climate takes years.
Weather is composed of three major physical properties. They are temperature, moisture content, and air pressure. Changes in these three properties are responsible for all of the weather you experience.
Temperature is the measurement of heat energy. When something has a lot of heat energy,it will feel hot and measure at a higher number. When something doesn't have a lot of heat energy, it will feel cold and measure at a smaller number. Temperature is also related to motion. All molecules vibrate, but molecules with more heat energy will vibrate faster, which is what we are measuring when we measure temperature.
The most common units used to measure temperature are Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin. Although they all measure the same thing, they each represent different scales. The Celsius scale is based around the temperature of water. 0 degrees Celsius is the freezing point of liquid water, while 100 degrees Celsius is the boiling point. The origins of the Fahrenheit scale are still argued about today. Typically, the story goes that 0 degrees Fahrenheit was the temperature of a solution of ice, water, and salt, while 96 degrees was the temperature of the human body. The modern value of the human body is 98.6ºF. Finally there's Kelvin which is actually just a unit not a scale like the others and is defined by 0 K. The temperature where there is no motion or heat energy, also known as absolute zero.
Moisture or humidity refer to the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere. It takes a large amount of energy to heat up water so humidity plays a large role in temperature regulation. Areas that are close to a body of water, such as coastal cities, experience less intense temperature swings. The water acts like a heat buffer. It will soak up heat when it's warm and radiate heat when it turns cold. A desert with its low humidity will have very hot days and very cold nights. The desert has no buffer and the temperature is more reliant on whether the sun is shining or not.
Humidity also plays a role in precipitation. Precipitation is when water vapor turns from gas to a liquid and falls from the atmosphere. Such as rain, sleet, snow, and hail. When the vapor condenses it falls to the ground. If the vapor passes through a cold section of air then it can freeze into snow or hail.
Humidity is measured in three ways: absolute, relative, and specific. Absolute humidity is a measurement of how much water by weight is in a volume of air, and is expressed in grams per cubic meter. Relative humidity measures the current absolute humidity and relates that to the maximum humidity. Since there can only be a certain amount of water in a portion of air. Once that saturation is reached you've hit the dewpoint and the vapor will condense and precipitate. Relative humidity is measured as a percent. So, 0% would mean there is no water vapor in the air and 100% means that the air has the most water vapor it can hold. How much vapor the air can hold is dependent on the temperature and pressure of the air. Warmer air is less dense so there is more room for vapor. Lower pressure air is also less dense so it too can hold more water vapor. Specific humidity is the ratio of the mass of water to the mass of air in a any given volume. It is different from absolute humidity in that it compares mass to mass and not mass to volume.
We can't see air but just like us, it too is affected by gravity. Air molecules are pulled towards the surface of the Earth. The force of this air being pulled down creates air pressure. How much pressure depends on the density of the air in question which depends on the temperature and altitude. Have you ever wondered why hot air rises and cold air sinks? When higher temperature air molecules vibrate faster, they push other molecules away, the hot air becomes more spread out and therefore less dense so it rises up into the atmosphere. You also might have wondered why air at higher altitudes is thinner. The higher up in the atmosphere you go, the more space the air has to fill. Since air will spread out to do this it becomes less dense.
Pressure is measured in a few different units. The most common unit is in Pascals. A single Pascal is the weight of one kilogram across a square meter. So what does that feel like? Well 101,325 Pascals makes up a single Atmosphere, or atm, which is another unit of measurement. One atm is the normal pressure at sea level. When you blow up a balloon, you are pressurizing it to about 1 atm or 101,325 Pa. Another measurement you might have seen is PSI, or pounds per square inch. Which is the imperial version of the Pascal. So instead of kilograms per square meter, it's pounds per square inch. Tires, basketballs, and footballs will often use this unit for their measurement.
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1. To hurl, fling, or cast someone or something from place to place or back and forth. A name, noun, or pronoun can be used between "toss" and "around." We went outside to toss a football around. The huge waves tossed us around while we were out on the open sea.
2. To discuss something, especially in an informal, hypothetical, or noncommittal fashion. A noun or pronoun can be used between "toss" and "around." We tossed around a few plans for how we could reinvigorate interest in our product. Let's toss the idea around at our next meeting.
3. To move around restlessly from one position to another. That fever kept me tossing around in bed all night. The child wouldn't sit still, tossing around in his seat from the boredom.
to throw someone or something around. The waves tossed him around and almost dashed him on the rocks. The waves tossed around all the little boats.
Fig. to discuss something. I have a few things to discuss. Can we meet later and toss them around? We tossed around a few ideas after dinner.
1. To throw something back and forth casually: We went to the park and tossed around a football. Bring the baseball to the park so we can toss it around.
2. To change one's position restlessly while lying in bed: The patient tossed about in her sleep. I tossed around all night and didn't get any sleep.
3. To discuss something informally; bandy something about: We've been tossing around the idea of moving to a warmer climate. They tossed the proposal about at the meeting, but no one was interested.
4. To move about restlessly; twist and turn: The ship tossed about in the high seas.
5. To throw, fling, or heave someone or something continuously about; pitch someone or something to and fro: The violent storm tossed the ship about. The luggage got tossed around in the trunk of the car.
Add garlic, apricots and almonds and toss around for one minute.
So Rich came up with a plate that a baby can't toss around, because it's attached to the table with a Velcro-clad clamp.
Toss around some floor pillows and empty milk crates for extra seating casual-style.
Add mushrooms and toss around for 3 minutes to soften.
He finished in a respectable four hours 15 minutes - winning him an entry in the Guinness Book of Records for the fastest senior pancake toss around the marathon.
Accountability is all but nonexistent at City Hall, especially at the DWP, where officials toss around ratepayer money with little or no regard to value.
My advice to the fat-deprived yuppies who are now watching their fortunes melt away: Take a break from the markets and go out and get yourself a bacon cheeseburger and fries or, if you still have a few bucks to toss around, a nice pancetta-rich plate of spaghetti carbonara.
Take the campus-wide games of tag that took place for a half hour on Fridays during lunch, or the red rubber balls that we toss around.
He then wrote on his editorial page, "We've been hearing complaints for some time that major firms, with lots of money to toss around, have come to unfairly dominate current PR awards programs.
The 50-plus crowd has cash to toss around online," says Corlett, who adds the caveat, "They have no problem going right back to those brick-and-mortar stores if the online experience falls short".
So three cheers for Crasset, who's come up with something interesting and fun: an edition of modular furniture, each set comprising sixteen of these things, foam-stuffed, that you can toss around to form armchairs, couches, tables, beds, even whole conversation pits.
Nine months after his surgery, Adam Johnson of Nassau, Bahamas used the arm to toss around a baseball during a news conference held June 21 at Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital in Hollywood, Fla.
Nine months after surgery, Adam Johnson, from Nassau in the Bahamas, was using the arm to toss around a baseball at Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital in Hollywood, Florida.
They toss around words like "cancer" and "cholesterol" as though they were talking about "snap, crackle, and pop.
Palm oil: can PR pay off?
At IDT ethics isn't just a word we lightly toss around, it's the way we do business every single day," said Jim Courter, IDT's CEO.
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2. know something about Confucius and Confucian ideas, and recite some famous paragraphs from The Analects of Confucius.
1. Information Related to the Text Confucius Confucius (traditionally September 28, 551 B.C.E. ? 479 B.C.E.) was a Chinese thinker and social philosopher, whose teachings and philosophy have deeply influenced Chinese, Korean, Japanese and Vietnamese thought and life. His philosophy emphasized personal and governmental morality, correctness of social relationships, justice and sincerity. These values gained prominence in China over other doctrines, such as Legalism (法家) or Taoism (道家) during the Han Dynasty(206 B.C.E. ? 220 C.E.). Confucius' thoughts have been developed into a system of philosophy known as Confucianism (儒 家). It was introduced to Europe by the Italian Jesuit Matteo Ricci, who was the first to Latinize the name as "Confucius." His teachings may be found in the Analects of Confucius (论语), a collection of "brief aphoristic fragments", which was compiled many years after his death. Modern historians do not believe that any specific documents can be said to have been written by Confucius, but for nearly 2,000 years he was thought to be the editor or author of all the Five Classics (五经)， such as the Classic of Rites (礼记) (editor), and the Spring and Autumn Annals (春秋) (author).
history of China? Yet his life and teaching would affect the social and political fabric of the Asian world for centuries to come. Confucius was a man who lived a simple life, teaching all the people he could his ideals and moral code, a code which many people adopted years after his death known as Confucianism. Though Confucius never wrote down a single word of his beliefs and teachings, we can understand and know his thoughts from the books his disciples wrote, the Analects, and in understanding his life and beliefs, we can see what an impact this great man left on the world.
1. …his success and failure were largely due to his character, which had an everlasting impact on Chinese intellect.
4. Confucius took great delight in studying and was modest enough to learn from anyone else.
5. These brilliant disciples contributed much to the spreading, formation and development of Confucius.
6. A key objective of an intellectual should be to make full use of his ability, personality and intelligence to do good for the state, society and the world at large.
make use of: 利用，使用 e.g. We train them to make use of reference books.
1. The Mid-Autumn Festival (celebrate) in China.
2. I (ask) by my mother not to touch the dog yesterday.
3. Books of this kind (sell) very well.
4. ?Have you moved into the new house? ?Not yet, the room (paint).
5. The boy (bring up) in the countryside.
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0.97388 |
How do I move my database to a new computer?
Moving your database typically requires a number of adjustments in your MainBoss configuration. The same adjustments are required if you rename the database, or the computer where it resides, or the instance of SQL Server that manages the database. Renaming is essentially the same as moving, even if data isn't actually moved elsewhere.
Note: If you are using MainBoss Service (formerly called @Requests), there are a number of important steps for dealing with that service on the old and new computers. If you are not using MainBoss Service, you can ignore these steps.
In both scenarios, the version of SQL Server on the new computer must be at least as up-to-date as the one on the old computer—you cannot transfer from a newer version of SQL Server to an older one.
This section gives an overview of how to move a database from one computer to another, using MainBoss Advanced Version 4.0. Detailed information on each step can be found in the MainBoss Installation and Administration Guide.
In MainBoss, go to Administration | MainBoss Service and click Delete Windows Service for MainBoss (found on the drop-down list for Configure the Windows Service for MainBoss).
Make sure that everyone has quit using MainBoss.
Make a backup of the database (e.g. by using Administration | Backups or by making the backup directly with SQL Server).
Copy the file containing the backup to the new computer.
On the new computer, login to an account with Windows Administrator privileges.
Go to Administration | MainBoss Service | Configuration and make sure your configuration options still make sense for the new database location.
Go to Administration | MainBoss Service and click Configure the Windows Service for MainBoss.
For each MainBoss user, edit the Maintenance Organization information so that it refers to the new location of the database.
If you are using MainBoss Advanced 3.3 or later: Emergency moves are essentially the same as planned moves. The only difference is that you can't begin by taking an up-to-date backup; you have to work with the most recent backup you have, since an emergency move is only necessary when there's some malfunction in the computer that holds the MainBoss database. Apart from that, the restoration process is the same.
Start with the most up-to-date backup of the database that you can find.
Copy the backup file to the new computer.
Start MainBoss on the new computer and use "Create New Organization from Backup" (in the "Select Maintenance Organization" window) to create a new MainBoss database from the backup file.
Go to Administration | @Requests.
In the resulting window, click the drop-down arrow beside Uninstall and click Clear Service Association.
When MainBoss asks if you want to clear the service association, click Yes.
Install the @Requests service on the new machine and start it.
If you have MainBoss 3.0 or 3.0.1: Click here for instructions on how to uninstall the @Requests service.
The MainBoss Users table records the domain as part of each user's login name. Therefore if you move the database from one domain to another, the old user records won't work, even if the users have the same login names in the new domain.
For MainBoss Advanced 3.4 and up: Edit all the existing Users records to refer to the new domain.
For older versions of MainBoss Advanced: Delete all the old records from the Users table and create new ones for the users in the new domain. Note that in this situation, the only way to start running MainBoss will be to login to Windows under a name that has Windows Administrator privileges, then start MainBoss by using "Run as Administrator". Start MainBoss in "Administration" mode by clicking the arrow beside "Open Organization" and selecting "Administration".
In the most recent releases of SQL Server, having Administration privileges does not automatically give you permissions to access databases. Instead, administrators must use SQL Server Management Studio to give themselves appropriate permissions.
If you restore a MainBoss to a different instance of SQL Server, we recommend that you use Windows Update to check for SQL Server updates. Newer versions of SQL Server have features that MainBoss can use to improve performance.
After moving your database, we recommend going to Administration | Database Management and clicking Update Database Statistics. This performs various checks and updates which might improve performance.
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0.999946 |
Please, purchase the following items and bring them in on the first day of school.
The following items are required for home. I will provide these materials for in-class use. Most students should have these items from the previous year.
Supplies such as earbuds, styluses, pens, pencils, and paper may need to be replaced throughout the year.
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0.999989 |
What is my DNS is a comprehensive database of DNS servers. The aim of this database is to have an up to date list of every DNS server that can be used for all major ISP's around the world. It is often very important to use your own ISP's DNS server because in most cases this will provide the fastest possible DNS lookups which will result in a faster internet browsing experience.
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0.989076 |
Kombucha. Sauerkraut. Kefir. Kimchi. Miso. Yogurt. Tempeh. What do these foods have in common? They are all fermented foods.
Fermentation is a process of food preservation in which bacteria or yeast are used to break down a food’s sugar or starch network. As a result, these shortened saccharide chains are easier to digest. A by-product of the fermentation process is alcohol or acid production. This acidic byproduct then preserves the food by lowering the pH value effectively inhibiting growth of harmful bacteria. Consequentially, these foods have a much longer shelf-life than they would without fermentation.
Our bodies house over 10,000 different types of microorganisms, most of which are “friendly” bacteria that live in our gastrointestinal or GI tract. This delicate ecosystem of bacteria is known as the gut microbiome. When you consume fermented foods with live cultures (the active bacteria or yeast used to ferment) you also consume their “friendly” bacteria helping to diversify (and multiply!) your gut microbiome.
Over the past decade, a great deal of research related to the digestive system has been centered around the benefits, role, and effects of our diet on the gut microbiome. Most of which is still a mystery. Researchers have discovered that these GI bacteria help our bodies in many ways. Examples include increasing immunity, producing vitamins B and K which are essential for red blood cell production and function, aiding in digestion and absorption of nutrients from food, and even influencing sleep and mood. Additionally, research shows that decreased diversity in the microbiome is associated with an increased risk for developing obesity.
Boost your microbiome health by including fermented foods in your diet like kimchi, miso, kombucha, fermented pickles, or sauerkraut. Alternatively, many people use probiotic (contain specific good bacteria) or prebiotic supplements (nutrients essential for good bacteria). While most commercial brands are safe to use the FDA does not monitor or regulate what goes into supplements, so it is important to do your own research to make sure your probiotic won’t cause any adverse side effects.
Additional methods of improving your GI health include consuming a wide variety of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains as well as reducing intake of refined sugar and processed foods.
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0.957544 |
Fibro Files: Fibromyalgia: A Disorder of the Brain?
Fibromyalgia: A Disorder of the Brain?
"...studies of brain anatomy show structural differences between the brains of fibromyalgia patients and healthy individuals. The cerebral alterations offer a compelling explanation for the multiple symptoms of fibromyalgia, including widespread pain and affective disturbances."
This article by Petra Schweinhardt, Khara M. Sauro and M. Catherine Bushnell comes to the conclusion that despite the many changes seen in the brain imaging, "fibromyalgia might not be a primary disorder of the brain but may be a consequence of early life stress or prolonged or severe stress."
This stress is thought to change pain and emotion circuits in the brain of people who are genetically susceptible.
This idea sits well with my own personal experience - 5 children ! This has been stressful for me over a period of time. How about you... does it ring true?
This article presents evidence that fibromyalgia patients have alterations in CNS anatomy, physiology, and chemistry that potentially contribute to the symptoms experienced by these patients.
There is substantial psychophysical evidence that fibromyalgia patients perceive pain and other noxious stimuli differently than healthy individuals and that normal pain modulatory systems, such as diffuse noxious inhibitory control mechanisms, are compromised in fibromyalgia.
Furthermore, functional brain imaging studies revealing enhanced pain-related activations corroborate the patients' reports of increased pain.
Neurotransmitter studies show that fibromyalgia patients have abnormalities in dopaminergic, opioidergic, and serotoninergic systems.
Finally, studies of brain anatomy show structural differences between the brains of fibromyalgia patients and healthy individuals.
The cerebral alterations offer a compelling explanation for the multiple symptoms of fibromyalgia, including widespread pain and affective disturbances. The frequent comorbidity of fibromyalgia with stress-related disorders, such as chronic fatigue, posttraumatic stress disorder, irritable bowel syndrome, and depression, as well as the similarity of many CNS abnormalities, suggests at least a partial common substrate for these disorders.
Despite the numerous cerebral alterations, fibromyalgia might not be a primary disorder of the brain but may be a consequence of early life stress or prolonged or severe stress, affecting brain modulatory circuitry of pain and emotions in genetically susceptible individuals.
I wish I could read the entire article but based on the abstract and my personal experience it makes sense to me.
thanks for drawing my attention to it!
@Displaced,if you click on it where the words "this article" are underlined,it will take you to the full article.
You are welcome Kristine and thank you for sharing your story here. I am sorry to hear what has happened to you and so happy for you that your life is wonderful now.
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0.979365 |
Do you enjoy working with infants, children, and teenagers? If you do then you might want to consider a job in the medical field as a pediatrician. Pediatricians are doctors who diagnose and treat: injuries, infections, and diseases for young people, as well as counsel them through hard times. A career as a Pediatrician is a good job for someone who wants to work in the medical field and enjoys working with children.
To become a pediatrician a person must have a diploma or GED, a bachelor’s degree; they must graduate from medical school, complete an internship, pass a state licensing exam, and complete a residency program in pediatrics. To get into medical school a person will need a Bachelor’s degree. Once a person gets into medical school they will be working to earn a Doctor of Medicine degree or a Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine degree. They will spend the first two years of medical school in classrooms and labs studying: anatomy, biochemistry, and medicines. They will also learn how to take a medical history, examine patients, and make a diagnosis. During the next two years, they will work in hospitals and clinics under the supervision of physicians (“Pediatricians”).It takes a lot of effort to become a pediatrician, but it is well worth it for those who enjoying doing the work and those who benefit from the work.
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0.997845 |
What does Exchange Traded Derivative mean?
A derivative contract, traded through an authorized exchange. Exchange Traded Derivatives are derivatives, options and futures contracts listed for trading on exchanges. They are also known as listed derivatives.
As the ETF market has grown substantially, the leading futures exchanges such as CME Group and Eurex have established derivatives on ETFs. Futures and options on popular ETFs are now available for trade at the futures exchanges. These include exchange traded derivatives on a broad range of underlying assets such as interest rates, foreign exchange, equities, and commodities. The derivatives exchange acts as an intermediary to all transactions and acts as a guarantor. Exchange Traded Derivatives reduce counter party risk and also help you to manage your risk exposure.
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0.992842 |
Is your air conditioning problem something you can fix yourself?
I'd like to help you identify and repair your air conditioning problem, so let's get started.
First, this page of the air conditioning and refrigeration guide is written for people who are not a/c technicians, and with the belief that your air conditioner was properly and professionally installed.
First check the thermostat very carefully to be sure it is turned on.
I have been on service calls, including emergency overtime 1 am calls, where the thermostat simply wasn't turned on to "cool".
If your thermostat is a wall mounted digital type, and it is totally blank, it might be battery powered, and the batteries may simply be dead.
The same with a battery powered remote control.
If the thermostat or remote control stays dead, there's a strong possibility you need a new one.
If it is totally over in the off position, someone has simply turned it off.
When you've determined it's safe, turn the breaker on.
Make sure no one is working on anything in the circuit, then turn the breaker on and see if the a/c will run.
If you hear the compressor starting and stopping but the condenser fan seems to be running normally, turn off the unit, and have someone check the compressor.
It may need new start components, and then it will run fine.
It might have an open winding, and then you'll need to replace the whole compressor.
If the compressor runs and sounds normal, without any grinding or hammering noises, and the unit is cooling normally, I'd say you don't have a serious air conditioning problem, let it run and don't worry about it.
If your breaker trips again after running several hours or even a couple of days, you have an intermittent air conditioning problem that you should have a good technician check.
If your breaker trips instantly as soon as you try to turn it on, stop.
Have a technician check your unit.
a direct short or ground in the wiring, compressor windings or fan windings, or a direct short or ground in relay, contactor, or transformer windings.
Lets say one of the wires going to the condenser fan has rubbed against the frame of the unit, or the fan bracket, or a piece of refrigerant piping, and the insulation wore away, and the wire grounded.
The wire will spark, will very possibly weld to whatever it grounded to, and it will also break; maybe the first time the breaker trips, or maybe the third time it trips.
I have seen grounded wires spark a hole through refrigerant piping, which causes a refrigerant leak, and additional problems.
I have also seen grounded and shorted wires that broke and stopped conducting to the fan, and also stopped conducting to the short or ground.
So the compressor runs at pressures that will shorten its service life, and maybe even break it within minutes.
When the breaker trips instantly, have a technician check the unit.
Could your air conditioning problem be that the unit just doesn't seem to be cooling as well as it should?
Make sure the blower is clean, and running.
Make sure nothing is blocking the air flow into and out of the indoor coil.
That's about all you can do unless you're a technician.
I'll be providing detailed troubleshooting guides for technicians on the troubleshooting pages.
Clear the drain of the indoor air handler.
You can do this by using a wet/dry vacuum cleaner, and vacuuming the end of the drain outside the building.
While you have the shopvac out, open the indoor air handler and vacuum the stuff out of the pan you'll find underneath the coil.
If you can, take a look at the corner of the pan the drain line is attatched to.
Does your air conditioning problem have something to do with noise?
If it's a humming/buzzing noise, open your unit and look for something loose, or look for a loose panel screw, fan bracket screw, loose pipe clamp, a loose piece of insulation, or even a noisy relay or contactor.
If you hear your compressor making a grinding or hammering noise, get ready to replace it.
If a fan is squeaking, the bearings are probably drying out.
Have a technician lubricate it if possible.
If it's not designed with lubrication ports, get ready to replace it.
I hope this page has helped you identify and fix your air conditioning problem, and please, feel free to contact us with any specific HVAC questions you might have, including questions about air conditioning on Guam, or refrigeration on Guam.
For more details on troubleshooting and repair, check our pages on air conditioning troubleshooting and air conditioning repair.
Return from Air Conditioning Problem to the Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Guide home page.
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0.999051 |
Was Louisiana once part of Florida?
Charles Ruse, a reader from central Florida asks: Was part of Louisiana once West Florida?
At first blush, the answer to this question seems simple: The Louisiana Purchase did not include any part of Florida, so that's impossible.
Expecting a war to break out between Great Britain and France just after the turn of the 19th century, President Thomas Jefferson directed delegates to head to Paris in the spring of 1803 to negotiate the purchase of the vast Louisiana Territory. All it took was a cool $15 million, a price commonly referred to as one of the best deals in American history.
The land in the Louisiana Purchase was so large, in fact, that no one was exactly sure where its boundaries were at the time. The best map delegates could go on was likely one Aaron Arrowsmith made in 1802, which left much of the western half of the current United States mostly blank. Still, a few things were certain: The southern border was definitely the Gulf of Mexico, and its eastern edge was the Mississippi River and wherever that might start. Oh, and West Florida was definitely not part of the deal, despite Jefferson's hopes then that the United States could acquire it.
Two-hundred years ago, West Florida encompassed present-day East Baton Rouge, East and West Feliciana, Livingston, St. Helena, St. Tammany, Tangipahoa and Washington parishes, as well as parts of present-day Mississippi, Alabama and Florida, all the way to the Apalachicola River a little west of Tallahassee.
Today, the area in Louisiana previously part of West Florida is still sometimes referred to as the Florida Parishes.
What all of it meant was, by the time everybody in Paris was deciding how to sell off a massive tract of land in the middle of North America with boundaries nobody could really pinpoint, the people actually living in West Florida could be divided into three groups, according to KnowLA. They included those who were loyal to Spain and its fairly lax approach to managing the area, those who wanted to join up with the United States and others who hoped for (though likely had realistically low expectations for) an independent republic.
In the years immediately following the Louisiana Purchase, things got a little dicey in West Florida thanks to a failed rebellion and growing sentiment for throwing off Spanish rule, likely thanks in large part to urging from American interests.
In the end, another rebellion, this one in 1810, resulted in the Republic of West Florida, which lasted for 74 days before a military force sent in by President James Madison succeeded in annexing the territory between the Mississippi River and the Perdido River, near Pensacola. That land was then divided between Louisiana and the Mississippi Territory, later to be divided further when part of it became Alabama.
Less than a decade later, in 1819, the Adams-Onis Treaty was signed, giving the United States the rest of Florida.
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0.861095 |
The founder of eBay has called for leniency towards 14 members of Anonymous accused of a carrying out a cyberattack on PayPal.
The group, which has become known as the 'PayPal 14' were arrested in 2011 and charged with taking part in a distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack against PayPal on 8 December 2010.
They are due to appear before a Federal Court in the US this week, all facing two federal felony charges, which carry a combined maximum sentence of 15 years in jail and a $500,000 (£306,000, €369,000) fine.
It is unknown how many members of Anonymous took part in the attack, but only 14 people were ever arrested. It was reported that the vast majority of traffic was directed by two large botnets, controlled by hackers, who directed all infected computers towards the PayPal site.
The Anonymous-organised attack was a response to PayPal's decision to suspend Wikileak's account with the online billing service.
PayPal's website was down for an hour on 8 December and another brief period on 9 December. The company estimates the damage caused by the attack was $5.5 million and it provided the FBI with 1,000 IP addresses of its attackers.
Pierre Omidyar is the founder and chairman eBay, PayPal's parent company, and in an article for the Huffington Post has caleld on prosecutors to show leniency towards the PayPal 14.
Omidyar says that as someone "deeply committed to government transparency, press freedoms and free expression, these issues hit close to home."
Omidyar has been in the news recently for his new online publication called NewCo which will feature Glenn Greenwald as its star journalist and will have "the First Amendment at its core."
The eBay founder said that prior to the cyberattack on 8 December, 2010 he expressed concerns to company management about the decision to suspend Wikileak's account.
The attack on PayPal not only effected the company but also the people who rely on it to do business: "An attack on PayPal's servers hurts these vulnerable people far more than it hurts a multinational company."
"I can understand that the protesters were upset by PayPal's actions and felt that they were simply participating in an online demonstration of their frustration. That is their right, and I support freedom of expression, even when it's my own company that is the target."
The sentence handed down to the PayPal 14 will be based on the amount of damages prosecutors say was caused by the attack on PayPal's servers. However the 14 defendants are likely to be charged with the total amount of damage caused by all those taking part in the attack - which could have numbers in the thousands.
Prosecutors are also planning to tell the court that the damages figure should include the cost of upgrading PayPal's systems to protect them from such attacks in the future.
Omidyar believes this is unfair and that each individual should only be charged for the damage they caused and for "the pay and overtime pay required for employees to respond to the attack."
"Prosecutors should also look at the circumstances of each defendant, and examine whether or not they were aware of the excessive impact their actions might have. They may have believed they were participating in a legitimate online protest and not aware of the multiplicative effect of the tools they were installing."
The eBay founder believes the charges the PayPal 14 are facing are too serious for the crime committed: "In those cases, I believe justice requires leniency. In my view, they should be facing misdemeanor charges and the possibility of a fine, rather than felony charges and jail time."
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0.999563 |
Meiji Gakuin University provides a subsidy program called the “Teaching Reform Support System.” This system is design to support the education reform efforts made in the faculties and departments and aims to provide grant funding for expenditures. As a subsidized project of this support system, “Type C: University project that drives globalization” was established in 2015 academic year. By taking this opportunity, the Faculty of Sociology & Social Work and the Liberal Arts Education Centre have jointly launched the “Development of Human Resources for Internal Internationalization” project which was applied in public and was adopted.
The word “globalization” is a popularized term, and without knowing its context, the word is often misinterpreted as vaguely as something linked to the “English language” or “study abroad.” A Japanese government established council, “The Council on Promotion of Human Resource for Globalization Development” has put together a plan “Global Human Resource Development Strategy” (The Council on Promotion of Human Resource for Globalization Development, 2012), in which the word “globalization” is defined as follows.
Many have vague images of the term “global human resources” to an extent that they are “someone who is active overseas using their English language ability.” Naturally, “people who are active in foreign countries using English language” is one form of global human resource. However, using other language skills not only abroad but also “domestically” can also be considered as one form of global human resources. And the next paragraph explains why.
Globalization takes at least two directions. One is “external globalization.” As stated above, for many of us the word “globalization“ is often understood as something linked to “English language” or “study abroad”, and this is because more Japanese are heading overseas today. However, this stream of outward movement existed earlier before the word globalization became popularized. Traditionally, this has been expressed as the term “internationalization.” The origins of Meiji Gakuin University date back to the private English school, the “Hepburn School” founded in 1863 by James Curtis Hepburn, and the university has been working aggressively in the field of traditional internationalization by partnering with a number of foreign higher education institutions.
On the other hand, if you look into Japan alone, by end of June 2015, Japan has become a home to around 2.17 million people of foreign nationals (data obtained from the Ministry of Justice, 2015). This figure is equivalent to only about 1.7% of the total population of Japan, yet it also shows that there’s a sizeable number of foreign nationals residing in Japan. Additionally, out of 2.17 million people, about 660 thousand (30.2%) is of Chinese nationality, 22.9% are of Korea origin which is around 500 thousand. When combined, they make up approximately 53% of the total foreign resident population.
Subsequently, about 220 thousand people are of the Philippines origin (10.3%), about 17 thousand people are Brazilians (8.0%), about 120 thousand are Vietnams (5.7%) and so on. Foreigners of native English speakers like Americans composes of 50 thousand (2.4%), which is the sixth highest number in the scale, only 2 to 3 thousand more than the subsequent Nepal and Peru origins. In sum, native English speakers residing in Japan are significantly low in number.
Perhaps more noteworthy, the 2.17 million people of foreign nationals in Japan do not equally reside across the country. Tokyo has about 450 thousand residents of foreign nationals and Kanagawa Prefecture where Meiji Gakuin University campus is located, has approximately 180 thousand people of foreign nationals residing, of which when combined this is equivalent to 28.7% of the total foreign resident population. Namely, there are a number of foreign nationals residing in areas where Meiji Gakuin University campuses are located.
Furthermore, it is important to point out that there are people who are not necessarily of foreign nationals but there are people with foreign roots. According to the survey “Survey on Acceptance of Students who require Japanese Language Education” published by The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, the number of children and students in need of Japanese language education has reached 7,897 across the country as of May, 2014. Of these, returning students from overseas are 1,535, the rest of the students which comprises 80% of the total are considered “Dual nationality or mixed-nativity married-couple households that speak languages other than Japanese in the home” (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Ministry, 2015, p.1). In other words, international marriage with foreign spouses who obtained Japanese citizenship are therefore not counted in the actual statistics which leads us to assume that there could be considerably more people with foreign roots than 2.17 million.
As summarized above, we must take into account that globalization has two sides: one that is outward which means Japanese heading overseas in a traditional internationalization form and inward which foreigners coming to Japan from abroad. This inward globalization is called “Internal Internationalization.” As mentioned earlier, people of foreign nationals from various countries and regions who are presumably non-native English speakers or people of foreign origin are already residing in Japan. In this regard, Japan is already a multi-lingual and multi-cultural society. Therefore, evidently, people who are active among these people with foreign roots in Japan using foreign languages other than “English” are considered one form of global human resource.
As mentioned earlier, the founder of the Hepburn School, James Curtis Hepburn was a medical doctor and had offered people treatment at his clinic for free. The English school was attached to his clinic. The backbone of Meiji Gakuin University’s educational principle comes from Dr. Hepburn’s lifelong philosophy of “contributing to others,” and the university’s educational goal has always been aiming to nurture students as bearers of an international symbiosis society. We believe that in the Japan where its society is gradually becoming more linguistically and culturally diverse as the number of foreign resident increases, actively interacting with people with foreign roots just like their neighbors is as equally important as the concept of “contributing to others.” When the project was launched, in addition to Meiji Gakuin University’s continuous efforts in promoting external internationalization, the Faculty of Sociology & Social Work and the Liberal Arts Education Center’s purpose in intensifying the university’s “Development of Human Resources for Internal Internationalization” is to contribute to the holistic approach to the university’s globalization.
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0.999155 |
Four teenaged girls, adopted from China as babies, explore the question "Who am I?" and start a dialogue about family and identity.
1,406 backers pledged $100,420 to help bring this project to life.
I'm making a new feature film about teenaged girls!
DVDs have shipped - PLUS more screenings & CHICAGO!
We need your surveys, people!
DVD News - and MORE Theaters!
Somewhere Between - More and More Cities - this week!
Somewhere Between - More Cities - Held Over!
Coming to Pasadena this weekend!
Opening in Los Angeles, San Francisco and Berkeley!
Held Over in New York!
We REALLY need your help this week!!
Buy Tickets Now for New York!
Somewhere Between is Coming the Theaters!
We did it!!!!! And then some: $100,420!!!!!!!
Eight is a lucky number in China, we have eight days left to reach our goal... So, I feel like today is an auspicious day!
We're up to 800 contributors! Only 11 days left to reach out goal. Please keep sharing our Kickstarter page... thank you for all your help and support.
That's enough from me for a while, let's start hearing from the young women in the film.
Hello Everyone - from Mumbai!
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0.976588 |
Why do I run BSFM?
Your marathon morning routine should be something that you should begin to practice by using these next long training runs. For most marathons you will be waking up before dawn and won't be stepping into your corrals until hours later. Nutrition is so important to get you through your marathon without "hitting the wall" or also known as "bonking".
I experienced a huge "lessons learned" last year at the NYC marathon. I woke up before dawn, ate my bagel with peanut butter and banana and then caught the bus to Staten Island at 6 am. The bus ride itself is about hour and then when we arrived we ended up sitting on the bus for another hour. When we finally got to the Athletes village we missed the bagels, bananas & bars that they have for the runners. I didn't pack my usual snacks expecting to get a bagel there. BIG MISTAKE! By the time we got to the corral Kim and I were hungry. We split a GU like two homeless people. We paid for this around mile 21. We still ate GU as we were running but starting off on an empty tank was NOT good. The feeling of depleted nutrition was horrible. It made those miles through Central Park pretty unpleasant when they should have be exhilarating. It took a long time after the race to recover too. Here are 3 good suggestions that you should start NOW - to get your body and mind prepared for race day.
1. Time Your fueling: Eat when you first wake up. (2-3 hours prerace) Marathon day I am not counting calories - I am preparing my body to run the marathon and finish strong. I need every calorie. I eat a bagel w/peanut butter. and banana. Then I bring either a peanut butter and jelly, or cliff bar when i get to my corral. Typically 100 calories of easy digestible carbs - something your used to and something that you've used during your training. If your wait is even longer - then eat a snack when you wake, then a meal 2-3 hours prerace and then another snack at the corral.
2. Dress right for the Start! There is nothing worse than freezing before a race. You're not only burning more calories it's also mentally challenging. I'm nervous enough without shaking from being cold. I always bring my throw away clothes. If your running a race in another state and don't want to pack a lot of extra stuff then visit a local Good Will and get a nice blanket or bathrobe. People wear the silliest throw away clothing! They may look silly but there not the one standing there shaking from being cold. I even bring hand warmers on race day. Last year at the start of NYC I got rid of my throw away but not my hand warmers. I recall 2 young girls freezing to death hugging each other. I gave then one hand warmer to share. You would have thought I gave them a million dollars - they were so appreciative!
3. Pack smart for Post race! When I'm checking a bag I pack a dry shirt and sandals. I also have post race food. Some people don't like to check a bag and just want to go home a lay down. Walking after the marathon is the best thing for you. NYC marathon has about 1/2 mile to get out of the park. If you check a bag expect to walk about a mile to get your bag. Hartford is great because you finish and walk to get your medal and post race food. Bushnell Park has tents set up all over so expect to walk from one end of the park to the other to get your checked bag and of course post race beer at the beer garden. You'll be walking to your car too!
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0.999998 |
Why take the time and make the effort to set goals for yourself? Wouldn't it be easier and more productive to just get going? That's sort of like deciding you want to go on vacation and then getting in your car and driving. The odds are when you stop driving you won't have a clue where you are. You also won't know what to pack to enjoy the vacation. Creating goals and objectives sets you on the road to a winning business plan.
Goals are a method of deciding where you want to put your energies and resources. Setting goals focuses yourself. Think of a goal as a destination. Once you've determined the destination you'll need a road map and directions. Objectives are the road map. When you've achieved an objective you've reached a milestone on the way to your destination. And those directions? Those are the strategies you'll need to achieve the objectives. Strategies are the actions and resources are how you get to each objective.
An easy way to set goals is to think about where you want to be, or where you want your company to be in one year. Write a paragraph of that description. If you prefer you can also use bullet points.
Here's an example that's not business related. At the end of 2008 you want to be thinner and healthier. The objectives then would be to lower your cholesterol by 10 points, stop smoking, and lose 25 pounds. The strategies to achieve the objective of losing 25 pounds might be to lose 5 pounds per month by cutting out all sweets from your diet and implementing a plan of walking for 30 minutes each day.
And here's another example that is business related. The goal: At the end of 2008 your company will have doubled its revenue. The objectives could be to introduce 2 new products. The strategies would be to research the market place, decide on the products, have the products developed and so forth. Each strategy is assigned a target and if necessary broken into smaller tasks.
Goals can help you get where you want to be in your life and in your business.
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How does your input data X_test look like ?
It looks like your input data is a pandas Dataframe with only one column. Plotly is perfectly capable of handling it directly without using your data_to_plotly(x) function.
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According to stories passed down for generations the Irish abbot St. Brendan in AD 565 went in search of The Promised Land of the Saints. One of the stories told of a visit to "The Islands of the Sheep and the Paradise of Birds" situated several days' sailing distance from Scotland. Based on this story and archaeological excavations there is good reason to believe that Irish monks were the first settlers in the Faroe Islands.
In the 9th century Norse settlers came to the Faroe Islands. These were mainy farmers who fleed from Norway and ended up in the Faroe Islands in search of new land. The special constitutional status of the islands was originally founded on the ancient viking tradition from the 9th century AD (all free men convened at the Althing, later called Løgting, in the capital Tórshavn), and from the latter half of the 12th century on - when attached to the medieval Norwegian Kingdom - they further developed their own culture, language and other social institutions, while at the same time adapting constitutionally to the surrounding political contexts of coming and going empires reaching out from the Scandinavian heartlands.
In 1816 the Løgting (the Faroese parliament) was officially abolished and replaced by a Danish judiciary. Danish was introduced as the main language, whilst Faroese was discouraged. In 1849 a new constitution came into power in Denmark. This new constitution was announced in the Faroe Islands in 1850, giving the Faroese two seats in the Rigsdag (Danish parliament). However, the Faroese managed to re-establish the Løgting as a county council with an advisory role in 1852, with many people hoping to eventually achieve independence. The late 1800s saw increasing support for the home rule/independence movement, though not all people supported it. Meanwhile, the Faroese economy was growing with the introduction of large-scale fishing. The Faroese were allowed access to the large Danish waters in the North Atlantic. Living standards subsequently improved and there was a population increase. Faroese became a standardised written language in 1890.
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The Neighbours star was thrust into fame during her late teens in mid 2015.
And Mavournee Hazel claims co-star Rebekah Elmaloglou has helped her with years of self-discovery, including giving 'personal advice' on struggling with her sexuality.
The star has remained single for most of her time in the spotlight, and has worried she was 'broken' because of this.
She says she is consistently questioned on why she remains single, claiming she's trying to figure out the reasons herself.
'I don't want to label this as my coming out because it's definitely not that. I don't identify as gay. I just think I'm a people person. I just fall in love with a person for who they are as a person rather than what they are born with,' she added.
When she joined the cast of Neighbours to play 17-year-old Piper Willis in 2015, she was already eyeing her first big international career move and the shadow of Margot Robbie loomed over her decision.
The actress told TV Tonight that while she always planned to work in England, the temptation to follow Margot to Hollywood was real.
'I don't know if I will go to the UK or do the whole pilot season US and try to follow Margot's footsteps,' she told the website.
Mazournee said the expectation levels on the current batch of Ramsay St residents are set very high thanks to the career trajectories of their most famous alumni, particularly the Suicide Squad star.
The Adelaide native always dreamed of acting while working in a fruit and veg shop growing up and attended the Ann Peters School of Acting followed with courses run by McLeod's Daughters alumni Doris Younane.
She risked her savings and her position at Sydney Uni to travel repeatedly to Melbourne in order to audition for the Melbourne based soap, but the gamble paid off.
Now she is steaming up our televisions with her role on the Network Ten soap.
Mavournee has previously spoken about how she strives to match Margot's work ethic on the Neighbours set.
She told news.com.au in August that 'Margot's work ethic (on Neighbours) was impeccable. She always arrived on set knowing her lines.
Work it like Margot: Mavournee told news.com.au that 'Margot's work ethic was impeccable. She always arrived on set knowing her lines.
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The Afghan National Army (ANA) (Persian: اردوی ملی افغانستان; Pashto: افغان ملي اردو) is the land warfare branch of the Afghan Armed Forces. It is under the Ministry of Defense in Kabul and is largely trained by US-led NATO forces. The ANA is divided into six corps, with the 201st in Kabul followed by the 203rd in Gardez, 205th in Kandahar, 207th in Herat, 209th in Mazar-i-Sharif and the 215th in Lashkar Gah. The current Chief of Staff of the ANA is Lieutenant General Mohammad Sharif Yaftali.
The Afghan National Army traces its roots to the early 18th century when the Hotak dynasty was established in Kandahar followed by Ahmad Shah Durrani's rise to power. It was reorganized in 1880 during Emir Abdur Rahman Khan's reign. Afghanistan remained neutral during the First and Second World Wars. From the 1960s to the early 1990s, the Afghan Army was equipped by the Soviet Union. After the resignation of President Najibullah in 1992, the Islamic State of Afghanistan took control of the Army. That government was driven from power in 1996 by the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (Taliban regime), which lasted until late 2001 when NATO invaded the country.
By 2014, most of Afghanistan came under government control with NATO playing a supporting role. The majority of training of the ANA is undertaken in the Afghan National Security University. In 2017, the ANA had approximately 175,000 soldiers out of an authorized strength of 195,000.
Historically, Afghans have served in the army of the Ghaznavids (963–1187), Ghurids (1148–1215), Delhi Sultanate (1206–1527), and the Mughals (1526–1858). The Afghan National Army traces its origin to the early 18th century when the Hotak dynasty rose to power in Kandahar and defeated the Persian Safavid Empire at the Battle of Gulnabad in 1722.
When Ahmad Shah Durrani formed the Durrani Empire in 1747, the Afghan Army fought a number of battles in the Punjab region of India during the 19th century. One of the famous battles was the 1761 Battle of Panipat in which the Afghan army decisively defeated the Hindu Maratha Empire. The Afghans then fought with the Sikh Empire, until finally, the Sikh Marshal Hari Singh Nalwa died and Sikh conquests stopped. In 1842, the British unsuccessfully tried to conquer Afghanistan, resulting in the 1842 retreat from Kabul.
When [Abdur Rahman Khan] came to the throne, the army was virtually nonexistent. With the assistance of a liberal financial loan from the British, plus their aid in the form of weapons, ammunition, and other military supplies, he began a 20-year task of creating a respectable regular force by instituting measures that formed the long-term basis of the military system. These included increasing the equalization of military obligation by setting up a system known as the hasht nafari (whereby one man in every eight between the ages of 20 and 40 took his turn at military service); constructing an arsenal in Kabul to reduce dependence on foreign sources for small arms and other ordnance; introducing supervised training courses; organizing troops into divisions, brigades, and regiments, including battalions of artillery; developing pay schedules; and introducing an elementary (and harsh) disciplinary system.
Further improvements to the Army were made by King Amanullah Khan in the early 20th century just before the Third Anglo-Afghan War. King Amanullah fought against the British in 1919, resulting in Afghanistan becoming fully independent after the Treaty of Rawalpindi was signed. It appears from reports of Naib Sular Abdur Rahim's career that a Cavalry Division was in existence in the 1920s, with him being posted to the division in Herat Province in 1913 and Mazar-i-Sharif after 1927. The Afghan Army was expanded during King Zahir Shah's reign, starting in 1933.
In 1953, Lieutenant General Mohammed Daoud, cousin of the King who had previously served as Minister of Defence, was transferred from command of the Central Corps in Kabul to become Prime Minister of Afghanistan. Periodic border clashes with Pakistan seem to have taken place between 1950 and 1961.
From 1949 to 1961, Afghanistan-Pakistan skirmishes took place along the frontier, culminating in fighting in Bajaur Agency in September 1960. This led to a breakoff in diplomatic relations between the two countries in September 1961.
From the 1960s to the early 1990s, the Afghan Army received training and equipment mostly from the Soviet Union. In February - March 1957, the first group of Soviet military specialists (about 10, including interpreters) was sent to Kabul to train Afghan officers and non-commissioned officers. At the time, there seems to have been significant Turkish influence in the Afghan Armed Forces, which waned quickly after the Soviet advisors arrived. In the early 1970s, Soviet military assistance was increased. The number of Soviet military specialists increased from 1,500 in 1973 to 5,000 by April 1978. The senior Soviet specialist at this time (from 29.11.1972 till 11.12.1975) was a Major General I.S. Bondarets (И.С. Бондарец), and from 1975 to 1978, the senior Soviet military adviser was Major General L.N. Gorelov.
Before the 1978 Saur Revolution, according to military analyst George Jacobs, the Army included "some three armored divisions (570 medium tanks plus T 55s on order), eight infantry divisions (averaging 4,500 to 8,000 men each), two mountain infantry brigades, one artillery brigade, a guards regiment (for palace protection), three artillery regiments, two commando regiments, and a parachute kandak (battalion), which was largely grounded. All the formations were under the control of three corps level headquarters. All but three infantry divisions were facing Pakistan along a line from Bagram south to Khandahar."
On 27 April 1978 the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan, led by Nur Mohammad Taraki, Babrak Karmal and Amin overthrew the regime of Mohammad Daoud, who was killed the next day, along with most of his family. The uprising was known as the Saur Revolution. On 1 May, Taraki became President, Prime Minister and General Secretary of the PDPA. The country was then renamed the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (DRA), and the PDPA regime lasted, in some form or another, until April 1992.
After the PDPA seizure of power, desertions swept the force, affecting the loyalty and moral values of soldiers. There were purges on patriotic junior and senior officers, and upper class Afghan aristocrats in society. On March 15, 1979, the Herat uprising broke out. The 17th Division (probably part of the 2nd Corps at Kandahar) was detailed by the regime to put down the rebellion, but this proved a mistake, as there were few Khalqis in the division and instead it mutinied and joined the uprising. Forces from Kabul had to be dispatched to suppress the rebellion.
Gradually the Army's three armoured divisions and now sixteen infantry divisions dropped in size to between kandak and regiment sized, with no formation stronger than about 5,000 troops. It is not clear whether the three armoured formations were brigades or divisions: different authoritative sources give both designations. One of the first series of defections occurred in the 9th Division, which, Urban wrote, defected by brigades in response to the Soviet intervention. It lost its 5th Brigade at Asmar in August 1979 and its 30th Mountain Brigade in 1980. After Soviet advisors arrived in 1977, they inspired a number of adaptations and reorganisations. In April 1982, the 7th Division was moved from the capital. The division, which was commanded by Khalqi Major General Zia-Ud-Din, had its depleted combat resources spread out along the Kabul-Kandahar highway. In 1984–1985, all infantry divisions were restructured to a common design. In 1985 Army units were relieved of security duties, making more available for combat operations.
During the 1980s Soviet–Afghan War, the Army fought against the mujahideen rebel groups. Deserters or defectors became a severe problem. The Afghan Army's casualties were as high as 50–60,000 soldiers and another 50,000 soldiers deserted the Army. The Afghan Army's defection rate was about 10,000 soldiers per year between 1980 and 1989; the average deserters left the Afghan Army after the first five months.
Local militias were also important to the Najibullah regime's security efforts. From 1988 several new divisions were formed from former Regional Forces/militias' formations: the 53rd Infantry Division, 55th, 80th, 93rd, 94th, 95th, and 96th, plus, possibly, a division in Lashkar Gah.
As compensation for the withdrawal of Soviet troops in 1989, the USSR agreed to deliver sophisticated weapons to the regime, among which were large quantities of Scud surface-to-surface missiles. The first 500 were transferred during the early months of 1989, and soon proved to be a critical strategic asset. During the mujahideen attack against Jalalabad, between March and June 1989, three firing batteries manned by Afghan crews advised by Soviets fired approximately 438 missiles. Soon Scuds were in use in all the heavily contested areas of Afghanistan. After January 1992, the Soviet advisors were withdrawn, reducing the Afghan Army's ability to use their ballistic missiles. On April 24, 1992, the mujahideen forces of Ahmad Shah Massoud captured the main Scud stockpile at Afshur. As the communist government collapsed, the few remaining Scuds and their TELs were divided among the rival factions fighting for power. However, the lack of trained personnel prevented a sustained use of such weapons, and, between April 1992 and 1996, only 44 Scuds were fired in Afghanistan.
In spring 1992, the Afghan Army consisted of five corps - 1st Corps at Jalalabad, 2nd at Khandahar, 3rd Corps at Gardez, 4th Corps at Herat, and 6th Corps at Kunduz - as well as five smaller operations groups, including one at Charikar, which had been 5th Corps until it was reduced in status. 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Corps, and the operations groups at Sarobi and Khost, nearly completely disintegrated in 1992. Formations in and around Kabul joined different mujahideen militias while forces in the north and west remained intact for a longer period. Forces in the north and west were taken over by three major commanders: Ismael Khan, Ahmed Shah Masoud, and Abdul Rashid Dostam.
On 18 April 1992, the PDPA garrison at Kunduz surrendered to local mujahideen commanders. The 54th Division base at Kunduz was handed over to the overall military leader of Ittehad in the area, Amir Chughay. Dostum and commanders loyal to him formed Junbesh I-Melli, the National Islamic Movement of Afghanistan. It grouped the former regime's 18th, 20th, 53rd, 54th, and 80th Divisions, plus several brigades. By mid-1994 there were two parallel 6th Corps operating in the north. Dostum's 6th Corps was based at Pul-i-Khumri and had three divisions. The Defence Ministry of the Kabul government's 6th Corps was based at Kunduz and also had three divisions, two sharing numbers with formations in Dostum's corps. By 1995 Masoud controlled three corps commands: the Central Corps at Kabul, the best organised with a strength of 15-20,000, the 5th Corps at Herat covering the west, and the 6th Corps at Kunduz covering the northeast.
The army (as a state institution, organized, armed, and commanded by the state) does not exist in Afghanistan today. Neither the Taliban-led "Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan" nor the "Islamic State of Afghanistan" headed by the ousted President Rabbani has the political legitimacy or administrative efficiency of a state. The militia formations they command are composed of odd assortments of armed groups with varying level of loyalties, political commitment, professional skills, and organizational integrity. Many of them feel free to switch sides, shift loyalties, and join or leave the group spontaneously. The country suffers from the absence of a top political layer capable of controlling individual and group violence. ... Although both sides identify their units with military formations of the old regime, there is hardly any organizational or professional continuity from the past. But these units really exist in name only ... [i]n fact only their military bases still exist, accommodating and supporting an assortment of militia groups.
Formations in existence by the end of 2002 included the 1st Army Corps (Nangarhar), 2nd Army Corps (Kandahar, dominated by Gul Agha Sherzai), 3rd Army Corps (Paktia, where the US allegedly attempted to impose Atiqullah Ludin as commander), 4th Army Corps (Herat, dominated by Ismail Khan), 6th Army Corps at Kunduz, 7th Army Corps (under Atta Muhammad Nur at Balkh), 8th Army Corps (at Jowzjan, dominated by Dostum's National Islamic Movement of Afghanistan) and the Central Army Corps around Kabul. In addition, there were divisions with strong links to the centre in Kabul. These included the 1st in Kabul, 27th in Qalat, 31st in Kabul, 34th in Bamiyan (4th Corps), 36th in Logar, 41st in Ghor, 42nd in Wardak, 71st in Farah, and 100th in Laghman.
New divisions and even army corps were created to recognise factional realities or undermine the power base of individual commanders, often without regard to the troop levels normally associated with such units. For example, the ministry in July 2002 recognised a 25th Division in Khost province, formed by the Karzai-appointed governor, Hakim Taniwal, to unseat a local warlord, Padshah Khan Zadran, who was then occupying the governor's residence. At its inception, however, the division had only 700 men – the size of a battalion.
Even by December 2004 Human Rights Watch was still saying in an open letter to Karzai that: "Abdul Rabb al-Rasul Sayyaf, the head of the Ittihad-i Islami faction and the Daw'at-e Islami party [should be curbed]. Sayyaf has no government post but has used his power over the Supreme Court and other courts across the country to curtail the rights of journalists, civic society activists, and even political candidates. He also controls militias, including forces recognized as the 10th Division of the Afghan army, which intimidate and abuse Afghans even inside Kabul. We ask that you express public opposition to Sayyaf's activities, explicitly state your opposition to such misuse of unofficial authority, and move expeditiously to disarm and demobilize armed forces associated with Ittihad-i Islami and other unofficial forces."
The Afghan National Army was founded with the issue of a decree by President Hamid Karzai on December 1, 2002. Upon his election Karzai set a goal of an Army of at least 70,000 soldiers by 2009. However, many western military experts as well as the Afghan Defense Minister, Abdul Rahim Wardak, believed that the nation needed at least 200,000 active troops in order to defend it from enemy forces.
The first new Afghan kandak (battalion) was trained by British Army personnel of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF), becoming 1st Kandak, Afghan National Guard. Yet while the British troops provided high quality training, they were few in number. After some consideration, it was decided that the United States might be able to provide the training. Thus follow-on kandaks were recruited and trained by 1st Battalion, 3rd Special Forces Group. 3rd SFG built the training facilities and ranges for early use, using a Soviet built facility on the eastern side of Kabul, near the then ISAF headquarters. The first training commenced in May 2002, with a difficult but successful recruitment process of bringing hundreds of new recruits in from all parts of Afghanistan. Training was initially done in Pashto and Dari (Persian dialect) and some Arabic due to the very diverse ethnicities. The first female Afghan parachutist Khatol Mohammadzai, trained during the 1980s, became the first female general in the Afghan National Army in August 2002.
The first deployment outside Kabul was made by 3rd Kandak, ANA to Paktika Province, including Orgun, in January 2003. By January 2003 just over 1,700 soldiers in five Kandaks (battalions) had completed the 10-week training course, and by mid-2003 a total of 4,000 troops had been trained. Approximately 1,000 ANA soldiers were deployed in the US-led Operation Warrior Sweep, marking the first major combat operation for Afghan troops. Initial recruiting problems lay in the lack of cooperation from regional warlords and inconsistent international support. The problem of desertion dogged the force in its early days: in the summer of 2003, the desertion rate was estimated to be 10% and in mid-March 2004, an estimate suggested that 3,000 soldiers had deserted. Some recruits were under 18 years of age and many could not read or write. Recruits who only spoke the Pashto language experienced difficulty because instruction was usually given through interpreters who spoke Dari.
The Afghan New Beginnings Programme (ANBP) was launched on 6 April 2003 and begin disarmament of former Army personnel in October 2003. In March 2004, fighting between two local militias took place in the western Afghan city of Herat. It was reported that Mirwais Sadiq (son of warlord Ismail Khan) was assassinated in unclear circumstances. Thereafter a bigger conflict began that resulted in the death of up to 100 people. The battle was between troops of Ismail Khan and Abdul Zahir Nayebzada, a senior local military commander blamed for the death of Sadiq. Nayebzada commanded the 17th Herat Division of the Afghan Militia Forces' 4th Corps. In response to the fighting, about 1,500 newly trained ANA soldiers were sent to Herat in order to bring the situation under control.
Beyond the fighting kandaks, establishment of regional structures began when four of the five planned corps commanders and some of their staff were appointed on 1 September 2004. The first regional command was established in Kandahar on September 19; the second at Gardez on September 22, with commands at Mazar-i-Sharif and Herat planned. The Gardez command, also referred to in the AFPS story as the 203 Corps, was to have an initial force of 200 soldiers. Kandahar's command was the first activated, followed by Gardez and Mazar-e-Sharif. The Herat command was seemingly activated on 28 September. The next year, the ANA's numbers grew to around 20,000 soldiers, most of which were trained by forces of the United States. In the meantime, the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) had started building new military bases for the fast-growing ANA.
Determining ANSF strength is fraught with challenges. U.S. and coalition forces rely on the Afghan forces to report their own personnel strength numbers. Moreover, the Combined Security Transition Command-Afghanistan (CSTC-A) noted that, in the case of the Afghan National Army, there is "no viable method of validating [their] personnel numbers." SIGAR will continue to follow this issue to determine whether U.S. financial support to the ANSF is based on accurately reported personnel numbers.
Despite the strong Taliban insurgency and the many other problems that Afghanistan faces, the ANA has been steadily expanding over the years. By early 2013, reports stated that there were 200,000 ANA troops. They are being trained by the International Security Assistance Force under NATO Training Mission-Afghanistan. An increasing number of female soldiers are also joining the ANA. Under the U.S.–Afghanistan Strategic Partnership Agreement, the United States designated Afghanistan as a major non-NATO ally and agreed to fund the ANA until at least 2024. This includes soldiers' salaries, providing training and weapons, and all other military costs.
Soldiers in the Army initially received $30 a month during training and $50 a month upon graduation, though the basic pay for trained soldiers has since risen to $165. This starting salary increases to $230 a month in an area with moderate security issues and to $240 in those provinces where there is heavy fighting. About 95% of the men and women serving in the military are paid by electronic funds transfer. Special biometrics are used during the registration of each soldier.
ANA soldiers of the 209th Corps prepare for upcoming joint operations against insurgents in Baghlan province.
ANA troops from the 31st and 33rd Kandak execute a departure for Operation Valley flood in January 2012.
ANA soldiers, from the 4th Kandak, 2nd Brigade, 203rd Corps, fire a D30 howitzer during a live-fire certification. Having successfully certified, the battery will now reposition to Forward Operating Base Orgun-E, Paktika province, to support operations along the Pakistani border.
Following the crash of Kam Air Flight 904 in 2005, ISAF made numerous unsuccessful helicopter rescue attempts. ANA soldiers also searched for the plane. The Ministry of Defense ordered the ANA's Central Corps to assemble a team to attempt a rescue of victims presumed to be alive. The crash site was at an altitude of 11,000 feet (3,400 m) on the peak of the Chaperi Mountain, 20 miles (32 km) east of Kabul.
In March 2007, the ANA captured a senior Taliban leader known as Mullah Mahmood near Kandahar. Mahmood was suspected of organizing suicide attacks in Kandahar province. More than forty-nine Taliban fighters were killed in one of the independent operations carried out by the Afghan National Security Forces. In a March 2007 rescue operation, the Afghan forces deployed their Mi-8 helicopters and evacuated flood victims in the Ghorban district of Parwan province. Afghan soldiers safely evacuated 383 families to safer places. In the same month, an Afghan-Pakistani border skirmish was reported near the Durand Line border but resulted in no casualties.
The ANA began small independent operations which were expanded to large-scale operations in spring 2009. From 2009 to mid-2013, there have been hundreds of NATO-led Afghan operations against militant groups across Afghanistan, some of which were small while others were major.
On October 9, 2018 a spokesman for Afghan police in Kabul said in an attack in the northern province of Jawazin by Taliban 12 Afghan soldiers were killed and 10 others wounded.
The ANA, alongside ISAF, successfully engaged Taliban extremist strongholds. This operation was launched on March 6, 2007, to stabilize northern Helmand Province. This would enable reconstruction work to start.
After 10 months in Taliban hands, the town of Musa Qala was retaken by ANA backed by ISAF and coalition support. Taliban insurgents had scattered mostly to the north.
Operation Panchai Palang, or Operation Panther's Claw, was a UK-led military operation in Helmand Province. Afghan and ISAF contributed a total of 3,000 soldiers for the operation. The alliance targeted Taliban insurgents involved in the drug trade. The battle ran simultaneously with the U.S.-Afghan Operation Strike of the Sword.
ANA artillerymen fired multiple D-30 artillery pieces during a night mission at Patrol Base Sorkh Bid during Exercise Eagle's Flight. The ANA's 4th Brigade were a step closer to deploying gun detachments outside Coalition Patrol Bases after a successful live fire artillery shoot during July 2012. Exercise Eagle's Flight showcased the improving capability of the 2nd Battery, or Canon Tolay, as they fired high explosive, smoke and illumination rounds onto a designated target area near Patrol Base Sorkh Bid, northern Kandahar. 3rd Battalion, the Royal Australian Regiment Task Group (3 RAR TG) offensive support mentor Captain Raj Chetty said the ANA has been efficiently protecting the locals for a long time. "The battery was well educated and trained before we arrived, and they are at a stage now that [shows] they are ready to deploy, we are just doing final assessments before they go out there."
Operation Strike of the Sword or Operation Khanjar began when units moved into the Helmand river valley in the early hours of July 2, 2009. About 4,000 Marines from the 2nd Marine Expeditionary Brigade as well as 650 Afghan soldiers were involved, supported by ISAF aircraft. The operation was also the largest airlift offensive since the Vietnam War.
Newly trained ANA soldiers recite the oath ceremony of the first term bridmals (NCOs) at the Ghazi Military Training Center in Kabul province.
Maj. A. Wahid Naiz (center right), a pharmacist with the ANA Medical General Support Unit, and his assistant (far right) issue an ANA soldier prescribed medication during his visit to the clinic in Pawawan province.
ANA soldier assigned to the Mobile Strike Force Kandak fires an RPG-7 rocket-propelled grenade launcher during a live-fire exercise supervised by the Marines with the Mobile Strike Force Advisor Team on Camp Shorabak, Helmand province.
Various International Security Assistance Force and Operation Enduring Freedom - Afghanistan contributing countries have undertaken different responsibilities in the creation of the ANA. All these various efforts are managed on the Coalition side by Combined Security Transition Command - Afghanistan (CSTC-A), a three-star level multi-national command headquartered in downtown Kabul. On the ANA side, as of July 2006[update] all training and education in the Army is managed and implemented by the newly formed Afghan National Army Training Command (ANATC), a two-star command which reports directly to the Chief of the General Staff. All training centers and military schools are under ANATC HQ. The coalition forces are partnered with the ANA to mentor and support formal training through Task Force Phoenix. This program was formalized in April 2003, based near the Kabul Military Training Center coordinating collective and individual training, mentoring, and Coalition Force support.
During the ISAF era, advisers in US ETTs (Embedded Training Teams) or NATO OMLTs (Operational Mentor and Liaison Team) acted as liaisons between the ANA and ISAF. The ETTs and OMLTs coordinated operational planning and ensured that the ANA units received enabling support.
Individual basic training is conducted primarily by Afghan National Army instructors and staff at ANATC's Kabul Military Training Center, situated on the eastern edge of the capital. The ANA are still supported, however, with various levels of CSTC-A oversight, mentorship, and assistance. The U.S. Armed Forces assists in the basic and advanced training of enlisted recruits, and also runs the Drill Instructor School which produces new training NCOs for the basic training courses. Basic training has been expanded to include required literacy courses for recruits who don't already know how to read.
A French Army advisory team oversees the training of officers for staff and platoon or toli (company) command in a combined commissioning/infantry officer training unit called the Officer Training Brigade, also located at Kabul Military Training Center. OTB candidates in the platoon- and toli- command courses are usually older former militia and mujaheddin leaders with various levels of military experience.
The United Kingdom also conducts initial infantry officer training and commissioning at the Officer Candidate School. While OCS is administratively under OTB's control, it is kept functionally separate. OCS candidates are young men with little or no military experience. The British Army also conduct initial and advanced Non-Commissioned Officer training as well in a separate NCO Training Brigade.
The Canadian Forces supervise the Combined Training Exercise portion of initial military training, where trainee soldiers, NCOs, and officers are brought together in field training exercises at the platoon, toli (company) and kandak (battalion) levels to certify them ready for field operations. In the Regional Corps, line ANA kandaks have attached Coalition Embedded Training Teams that continue to mentor the kandak's leadership, and advise in the areas of intelligence, communications, fire support, logistics and infantry tactics.
Formal education and professional development is currently conducted at two main ANATC schools, both in Kabul. The National Military Academy of Afghanistan, located near Kabul International Airport, is a four-year military university, which will produce degreed second lieutenants in a variety of military professions. NMAA's first cadet class entered its second academic year in spring 2006. A contingent of US and Turkish instructors jointly mentor the NMAA faculty and staff. The Command and General Staff College, located in southern Kabul, prepares mid-level ANA officers to serve on brigade and corps staffs. France established the CGSC in early 2004, and a cadre of French Army instructors continues to oversee operations at the school. A National Defense University will also be established at a potential site in northwestern Kabul. Eventually all initial officer training (to include the NMAA) as well as the CGSC will be re-located to the new NDU facility.
According to Lieutenant Colonel Kane Mangin of the Australian-led International Artillery Training Team, the ANA Artillery Training School in Kabul is expected to train enough officers and NCOs for about 23 artillery batteries, using the D-30 howitzers of the ANA Artillery Branch.
Sizable numbers of Afghan National Army Officers are sent to be trained in India either at the Indian Military Academy in Dehradun, the National Defence Academy near Pune or the Officers Training Academy in Chennai. The Indian Military Academy which has been in existence since 1932, provides a 4-year degree to army officers, while the National Defence Academy is a tri-service college provides a 3-year degree after which officers undergo a 1-year specialization in their respective service colleges. The Officers Training Academy on the other hand provides a 49-week course to Graduate officer candidates. In 2014 the number of Afghan officers in training in India was nearly 1100. A total of 1200 Afghan officers have been trained up to 2013.
According to a 2009 news report, the Afghan National Army was plagued by inefficiency and corruption. U.S. training efforts have been drastically slowed by the corruption, widespread illiteracy, vanishing supplies, and lack of discipline. Jack Kem, deputy to the commander of NATO Training Mission Afghanistan and Combined Security Transition Command Afghanistan, stated that the literacy rate in the ANA will reach over 50% by January 2012. What began as a voluntary literacy program became mandatory for basic training in early 2011.
Another significant problem for the Afghan National Army is a high level of drug abuse amongst its soldiers. The Special Investigator General for Afghan Reconstruction reported the number of ANA soldiers using drugs was "at least 50 percent" and may be as high as 75 percent of all Afghan soldiers, according to some reports.
It was reported in 2009 that in one new, untried, unit in Baghlan Province, some soldiers have been found cowering in ditches rather than fighting. Some were suspected of collaborating with the Taliban against NATO or engaging in reciprocal exchanges on offensives or unsanctioned psychological warfare through boasts or using their knowledge to communicate with friends or family in the battlezone. "They don't have the basics, so they lay down," said Capt. Michael Bell, who is one of a team of U.S. and Hungarian mentors tasked with training Afghan soldiers. "I ran around for an hour trying to get them to shoot, getting fired on. I couldn't get them to shoot their weapons.". For example, in multiple firefights during the February 2010 NATO offensive in Helmand Province, many Afghan soldiers did not aim — they pointed their M16 rifles in the rough direction of the incoming small-arms fire and pulled their triggers without putting rifle sights to their eyes. Their rifle muzzles were often elevated several degrees high. During the battle for Combat Outpost Keating in October 2009, ANA troops ran away, hid under their beds, and stole from the American barracks.
Desertion remains a problem. One in every four combat soldiers quit the army during the 12-month period ending in September 2009, according to data from the U.S. Defense Department and the Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction. The problem was so severe that the Army was forced to write off 2,000 soldiers and officers in a usual month. In order to filter potential deserters from the rank, some of the soldiers are trained by being deployed in real operations. According to NATO statistics, the attrition rate averaged 32 per cent annually over the 12 months that ended in November 2011. In December 2011, The Globe and Mail stated that due to problems with officers calculating the number of soldiers within their own ranks, "one educated guess at the true size of the Afghan army puts the force at perhaps 100,000 personnel on duty". A study published in the U.S. professional journal Military Review in 2009 estimated the ANA could never grow larger than 100,000 men, because it is currently losing 42% of the entire force every year to desertion and non-reenlistment.
In December 2011 Mohammad Zahir Azimi, spokesman of the Ministry of Defense, said the ANA numbered 180,000 soldiers, which is expected to reach at least 240,000 soldiers in the coming years.
According to statements made by Colonel Thomas McGrath in October 2007, the coalition supporting the build-up of the ANA has seen progress and is pleased with the Afghan performance in recent exercises. McGrath estimated that the ANA should be capable of carrying out independent brigade-size operations by the spring of 2008. However, as of October 1, 2011, four years after McGrath's estimated date for independent brigade-size operations, not a single one of the ANA's 180 kandaks can carry out independent operations, much less an entire brigade. According to a 2009 news report, the ANA has been plagued by inefficiency and corruption. Training efforts have been drastically slowed by the corruption, widespread illiteracy, vanishing supplies, and lack of discipline. According to the United States Government Accounting Office, the illiteracy problem has been a major contributing factor to the ongoing shortage of non-commissioned officers, and of enlisted men trained in technical skills, because according to the report, these positions require greater literacy. General John Allen stated in 2013 that more than 50% of the ANA can read and write at a first grade level. What began as a voluntary literacy program became mandatory for basic army training in early 2011.
In some cases, US trainers have reported missing vehicles, weapons and other military equipment, and outright theft of fuel provided by the U.S. Death threats have also been leveled against some U.S. officers who tried to stop Afghan soldiers from stealing. Some Afghan soldiers often find improvised explosive devices and snip the command wires instead of marking them and waiting for U.S. forces to come to detonate them. The Americans say this just allows the insurgents to return and reconnect them. US trainers frequently had to remove the cell phones of Afghan soldiers hours before a mission for fear that the operation will be compromised by bragging, gossip and reciprocal warnings.
In other cases NATO trainers spent large amounts of time verifying that Afghan rosters are accurate – that they are not padded with "ghosts" being "paid" by Afghan commanders who quietly collected the bogus wages.
Germany alleged that the US military took 15% of €50 million the German government gave to a trust fund to build up the ANA.
According to Marin Strmecki, a member of the Defense Policy Board and a former top Pentagon adviser on Afghanistan in a speech to the United States Senate, "the Afghan Army should increase to 250,000 soldiers ... Only when Afghan security forces reaches those numbers would they achieve the level necessary for success in counterinsurgency." In 2009, U.S. President Barack Obama called for an expansion of the Afghan National Army to 260,000 soldiers. The cost would reach $20 billion and provide the army with more modern equipment. Sales of US Arms to Afghanistan alone totaled nearly $20 billion for fiscal years 2009 through 2011.
As of mid-2012, a steadily increasing concern over the past couple of years, while still not reflective of the readiness and state of Afghan forces and police as a whole, are the deaths of U.S. and coalition forces at the hands of Afghan forces. These individuals are either Taliban or other militant infiltrators, disaffected or disturbed soldiers, turncoats, or who were disturbed by perceived and/or actual improper conduct by coalition forces. It has worsened enough to the point where two decrees were issued by the Defense Department in the summer of 2012 stating that all American personnel serving in Afghanistan are told to carry a magazine with their weapon at all times, and that when a group of American troops is present and on duty and Afghan forces are also present, one American serviceman must stand apart on guard with a ready weapon.
On July 30, 2013, U.S. Acting Assistant Secretary of Defense Peter Lavoy told reporters in Washington D.C., according to Jane's Defence Weekly, that '... a residual [U.S.] force would be needed to help the ANSF complete more mundane tasks such as logistics, ensuring soldiers get their paychecks, procuring food, awarding fuel contracts, and more.' Lavoy noted that the Afghans are still developing those skills and it will be "well beyond the 2014 date" before they are expected to be capable.
A January 2011 NATO Training Mission-Afghanistan information paper described the ANA as being led by the Chief of General Staff, supervising the Vice Chief of the General Staff, the Vice Chief of the Armed Forces (an Air Force officer), the Director of the General Staff, himself supervising the General Staff itself, and seven major commands. The ANA Ground Force Command, under a lieutenant general, directed the five ground forces corps and the 111th Capital Division. The other six commands included the ANA Special Operations Command, Army Support Command, the ANA Recruiting Command (ANAREC), the HSSB, and the Detainee Guard Force.
Amongst support facilities is the Chimtallah National Ammunition Depot, a Central Ammunition Depot.
The basic unit in the Afghan National Army is the kandak (battalion), consisting of 600 troops. Kandaks may be further broken down into four toli (company). Although the vast majority of kandaks are infantry, at least one mechanized and one tank kandak have been formed; more may be planned. Every ANA Corps was assigned commando kandaks.
As of September 2005[update], 28 of the 31 Afghan National Army kandaks were ready for combat operations and many had already participated in them. At least nine brigades were planned at this time, each consisting of six kandaks. By March 2007, half of the ANA had been achieved with 46 of the planned 76 Afghan kandaks operating in the fore or in concert with NATO forces.
Seven Quick Reaction Forces (QRF) kandaks were created in 2012-13, one kandak for each of the ANA's corps and divisions. They are being created by converting existing infantry kandaks into QRF kandaks at the NMAA Armour Branch School. The QRF kandaks were trained and fielded in 2012 and 2013. The QRF kandaks were the first major ANA users of armoured vehicles.
A total of 14 regionally oriented brigades were planned for 2008. According to Combined Security Transition Command - Afghanistan (CSTC-A) thirteen of these brigades were to be infantry, one to be mechanized and one was a commando.
Currently the Afghan National Army maintains seven corps; each corps is responsible for one major area of the country. Each corps has three to four subordinate brigades, and each brigade has four infantry kandaks (battalions) as its basic fighting units. Each infantry kandak is assigned a specific area for which it is responsible; the kandak's mission is to secure its area from internal and external threats. Originally, the four outlying corps were assigned one or two brigades, with the majority of the manpower of the Army based in Kabul's 201st Corps. This was superseded by a buildup in which each corps added extra brigades. Establishment of the corps started when four regional corps commanders and some of their staff were appointed in September 2004.
201st Corps (Kabul) – 1st Brigade is at the Presidential Palace. 3rd Brigade, at Pol-e-Chakri, is to be a mechanised formation including M-113s and Soviet-built main battle tanks. Later information from LongWarJournal.org places most of the 3rd Brigade at Jalalabad, Second Brigade at Pol-e-Charkhi, and only a single kandak of First Brigade at the Presidential Palace. The corps is charged with operation in eastern Afghanistan, including Kabul, Logar, Kapisa, Konar, and Laghman. Its battlespace includes the Afghan capital of Kabul as well as vital routes running north and south, and valleys leading from the Pakistani border into Afghanistan. Currently the Third Brigade of the 201st Corps is the only unit that has control of an area of responsibility in Afghanistan without the aid or assistance of U.S. or coalition forces for its command system.
203rd Corps (Gardez) The original Gardez Regional Command was established on 23 September 2004. As of 2009, First Brigade, Khost, Second Brigade, Forward Operating Base Rushmore, Sharana, Paktika Province, Third Brigade, Ghazni. On 19 Oct 2006, as part of Operation Mountain Fury, two ETTs (Embedded Training Teams) mentored and advised a D30 artillery section from Fourth Kandak, Second Brigade, 203rd Corps, to conduct the first artillery missions during combat operations with harassment and indirect fires. Three days later, they successfully conducted counterfire (with assistance from a US Q-36 radar) that resulted in ten enemy casualties, the highest casualties inflicted from artillery fire in ANA history. The corps is supported by the Gardez Regional Support Squadron of the AAF, equipped with 8 helicopters: 4 transport to support the corps' commando kandak, two attack, and two medical transport.
205th Corps (Kandahar) – has the responsibility for the provinces of Kandahar, Zabul, and 4th Brigade Urozgan under Brigadier General Zafar Khan's control. It consists of four brigades, a commando kandak and three garrisons. The corps has integrated artillery and airlift capacity, supplied by a growing Kandahar Wing of the Afghan Air Force.
207th Corps (Herat) – 1st Brigade at Herat, 2nd Brigade at Farah, and elements at Shindand (including commandos). The corps is supported by the Herat Regional Support Squadron of the AAF, equipped with eight helicopters: four transport to support the corps' commando kandak, two attack, and two medical transport aircraft.
209th Corps (Mazar-i-Sharif) – Works closely with the German-led Regional Command North, and has 1st Brigade at Mazar-i-Sharif and, it appears, a Second Brigade forming at Kunduz. An Army Corps of Engineers solicitation for Kunduz headquarters facilities for the Second Brigade was issued in March 2008. The corps is supported by the Mazar-i-Sharif Regional Support Squadron of the AAF, equipped with eight helicopters: four transport to support the Corps' commando kandak, two attack, and two medical transport helicopters. In October 2015, as a response to the fall of Kunduz, reports came that a new division would be formed in the area.
215th Corps (Lashkar Gah) – The Afghan government has approved a new seventh corps of the Afghan National Army – Corps 215 Maiwand – to be based in the Helmand capital of Lashkar Gah where the first fresh U.S. troops are expected to arrive. The 215th is a new unit, developed specifically to partner with the Marine Expeditionary Brigade in Helmand. On 28 January 2010, Xinhua reported that General Sayed Mallok would command the new corps. (Military Corps formed to strengthen security in Taliban hotbed) The corps will cover all parts of Helmand, half of Farah and most parts of southwestern Nimroz province. The corps was formally established on 1 April 2010. 1st Bde, 215th Corps, is at Garmsir, partnered with a USMC Regimental Combat Team. Elements of 2nd Brigade, 215th Corps, have been reported at Forward Operating Base Delaram, Farah Province. 3rd Bde, 215th Corps, partnered with the UK Task Force Helmand is at Camp Shorabak.
In late 2008 it was announced that the 201st Corps' former area of responsibility would be divided, with a Capital Division being formed in Kabul and the corps concentrating its effort further forward along the border. The new division, designated the 111th Capital Division, became operational in April 2009. It has a First Brigade and Second Brigade (both forming) as well as a Headquarters Special Security Brigade.
From mid-2011, the ANA began establishing a ANA Special Operations Command (ANASOC) to control the ANA Commando Brigade and the ANA Special Forces. It is headquartered at Camp Moorehead in Wardak Province, located six miles south of Kabul.
In July 2012, the Special Operations Command was officially established as a division-sized special operations force formation, including a command and staff. The command, with the status of a division, now boasts between 10,000 and 11,000 special operations soldiers. Previously this was organised as one brigade with 8 kandaks, all with a minimum of 6 companies. Due to the standard size of a brigade in the ANA, the ANASOC is likely to be split into 3 - 4 brigades, one of which will be a Special Forces Brigade.
ANASOC now has an attached Air Force Special Mission Wing which was inaugurated in July 2012.
Afghan commandos from the Sixth Commando Kandak wait for two Mi-17 helicopters of the Afghan Air Force (AAF) to land as they practice infiltration techniques at Camp Morehead in the outer regions of Kabul.
In July 2007 the ANA graduated its first commandos. The commandos underwent a grueling three-month course being trained by American Special Operations Forces. They received training in advanced infantry skills as well as training in first aid and tactical driving. They are fully equipped with U.S. equipment and have received American special operations training. By the end of 2008, the six ANA commando kandaks were to be stationed in the southern region of Afghanistan assisting the Canadian forces. As of 2017, the commando brigade grew into corps size with 21,000 commandos, with their number eventually reaching 30,000 commandos. ANA commando force comprises only seven percent of the Afghan National Defense and Security Forces, but they do 70 percent to 80 percent of the fighting.
The ANA Special Forces were first conceptualized in 2009 and established in 2010. The first Special Forces team, whose soldiers were selected from the ANA Commandos, finished training in May 2010. The organization is based on U.S. Army Special Forces. Initially all the Special Forces candidates were planned to come from the Commando Kandak (Commando Battalion), only requiring 10 weeks of training. However, after the initial period it was planned that Special Forces recruiting was to be conducted throughout the Army, and initial Special Forces training was to be 15 weeks. Commando graduates of the special forces course will retain their 'commando' tab and will also have a 'special forces' tab on top of the commando tab and they also receive a tan beret. These candidates are normally selected after serving four years as a Commando. They were attached to teams of U.S. Special Forces operating in Kandahar province in the 2010 operation.
In May 2010 the first class of the ANA Special Forces graduated from their 10-week qualification course and moved on to the operational portion of their training. In November 2010, the ANA Special Forces Class 1 received their tan berets in a ceremony at Camp Morehead, Kabul Province, after completing 26 weeks of on-the-job training partnered with U.S. Special Forces. The initial selection involved taking the 145 commandos who volunteered, putting them through a one-week qualification process (similar to the one used in the United States), and finding, as in the U.S., that only about half (69) passed. These Special Forces operators formed the first four A-Teams (of 15 men each). Some of them who passed the 1st are being used to help U.S. Special Operations Forces train the 2nd class of candidates. Special Forces soldiers are trained to focus on interaction with the population through jirgas with village elders, but capable of unilateral operations. A second ANA Special Forces class completed training in December 2010.
The force numbered between 1,000 and 1,500 Special Forces operators in December 2011. This unit also has female Special Forces operators to interact with female civilians, such as searches, interviews or medical examinations. There are plans to create one Special Forces platoon of just female operators so they can talk to families (women and children).
As the ANA has grown to almost its full size the focus has now changed to further development of the force so that it becomes self sustainable. Development of the ANA Combat Support Organizations, the Corps Logistics Kandaks, or Combat Logistics Battalions, (CLK) and the Combat Support Kandaks, or Combat Support Battalions, (CSK) is vital to self-sustainability.
Combat Support Kandaks (CSK) provide specialized services for infantry kandaks. While most ANA kandaks have a CSK they are underdeveloped and do not fit the requirements of a growing army. The CSK role includes motor fleet maintenance, specialized communications, scouting, engineering, and long range artillery units. Eventually one fully developed CSK will be assigned to each of the 24 ANA Combat Brigades.
Each CSK includes an Intelligence toli (company) called a Cashf Tolai. Each Intelligence toli is responsible for collecting information about the surrounding area and Taliban activities. The members of the unit interact closely with the local residents in an effort to deny the enemy control over the surrounding area.
In order to enable the ANA to be self-sufficient, brigades will form a Corps Logistics Kandaks (CLK) which will be responsible to providing equipment to the 90 infantry kandaks. The CSK will be responsible for the maintenance of the new heavier equipment including APCs. In the 215th Corps area, the U.S. Marine Combat Logistics Battalion 1 announced in January 2010 that the training of the ANA 5th Kandak, 1st Brigade, 215th ANA Corps Logistics Kandak has gone very well and that the unit was capable of undertaking the majority of day-to-day activities on their own.
In 2003, the United States issued special guidelines to ensure ethnic balance in the ANA. By late 2012, the ANA was composed of 43% Pashtuns, 32% Tajiks, 12% Hazaras, 8% Uzbeks, and the rest were smaller ethnic groups of Afghanistan. However, the army does not track the actual ethnic composition of the officer corps, so it's difficult to know if the quotas are really filled. There are no quotas for the enlisted soldiers.
Since the early 1970s, the Afghan Army has been equipped with the Soviet AK-47 as its main service rifle. Today, however, the American M16 rifle is added to usage with the AK-47. As a major non-NATO ally of the United States, Afghanistan continues to receive billions of dollars in military assistance. This includes the building of a national military command center, with training compounds across the country. Some of the weapons included American Humvees and other trucks, M16 rifles, and bulletproof vests. The ANA has a contract with International Trucks. It will provide a fleet of 2,781 trucks which can be used for transporting personnel, water, petroleum and a recovery truck.
Besides NATO, Afghanistan has been increasingly turning to its regional allies, India and Russia for military aid and supplies. Both countries supported the Northern Alliance, with funding, training, supplies and medical treatment of wounded fighters, against the Taliban for years prior to the U.S.-led invasion in 2001. And post invasion, India has been helping with several billion dollars invested in infrastructure development projects in Afghanistan besides the training of Afghan officers in India, but has been reluctant to provide military aid due to fears of antagonizing its regional rival Pakistan. In 2013, after years of subtle reminders, the Afghan government sent a wish list of heavy weapons to India. The list includes as many as 150 T-72 battle tanks, 120 (105 mm) field guns, a large number of 82 mm mortars and a large number of trucks. In 2014, India signed a deal with Russia and Afghanistan where it would pay Russia for all the heavy equipment requested by Afghanistan instead of directly supplying them. The deal also includes the refurbishment of heavy weapons left behind since the Soviet war.
Soviet Union Armoured Personnel Carriers 40 After the Soviet–Afghan War a number of BMP-1 IFVs fell into the hands of Afghan Mujahideen.
60 1987–2002 150 along with 1,500 9M111 Fagot ATGMs were ordered in 1987 from the Soviet Union and delivered between 1987 and 1991 (some of the vehicles were possibly previously in Soviet service). 550 BMP-1s and BMP-2s in service in 1992. Between 60 and 80 BMP-1s and BMP-2s were delivered from Russia after 2002.
United States 173 In 2005, 173 M113A2 APCs also entered service with the ANA.
8,500 Up-Armored M1151 and M1152 versions. In August 2010, an order was placed for a further 2,526 M1152A1 HMMWVs with B2 armor kits, for the Afghan National Guard & police. 950 M1114 Humvees delivered by November 2012. About 6,576 to be delivered in the next couple of years.
Afghanistan Defense Ministry's Spokesman, Gen. Zahir Azimi confirmed that Afghan armed forces will receive 212 MRAP vehicles from the United States by the end this year with so far being trained on how to use the received 40 MRAPs.
Mobile operational reserve vehicle 634 (over 6,000 on order) In addition to ASV and APC configurations, other mission variants include: command and control, ambulance, engineering, maintenance, mortar, and reconnaissance vehicles. To be fully delivered by the end of 2012.
The Quick Reaction Forces kandaks are being organized as motorized infantry equipped with 352 Mobile Strike Force Vehicles (MSFV). Shipments of the vehicles began in November 2011, and the ANA is to take possession of the first 58 in March 2012.
There is some confusion over the exact amount and type of vehicles in the QRF with various sources giving different figures. While some sources reporting on the formation of the QRF state that 440–490 M1117s have been ordered it is unclear whether all of these will be assigned to the QRF. The first 18 M1117s were sent to Afghanistan in November 2011. In March 2012 the ANA will take delivery of the first 58 of 352 MSFVs which will include some or all of the M1117s.
Other sources report that 352 MSFV (which include M1117s) will be supplied to the ANA.
It is likely that 281 of the 352 MSFV will be M1117 Armored Security Vehicle while the other 71 will be other vehicle types including the Navistar 7000 series Medium Tactical Vehicles (MTV), the 4x4 chassis of which is used for the MRAP. The US has ordered 9900 of the International MaxxPro MRAP configuration alone for the Afghan National Army and the Iraqi Army. Additional support vehicles will also be required to maintain a force such as this in the field.
In order to use the MSFV the members of the quick reaction forces must be trained in their upkeep and maintenance. This began by training Afghan instructors who will help to pass on the knowledge to the Quick Reaction Forces members with increasing levels of responsibility. Currently most of the training is being undertaken by American and French instructors.
The US Army report that the Quick Reaction Forces will be equipped with 352 Mobile Strike Force Vehicles or MSFVs. The MSFV is an updated version of a vehicle supplied by Textron Marine & Land Systems who also produce the M1117. The MSFV utilizes off the shelf parts where possible, significantly reducing costs. The standard MSFV APC can be supplied in three options: Gunner Protection Kit, with Turret and as an Armored Ambulance. By November 14, 2011, 18 had been delivered. It is currently not clear whether the 281 MSFVs are in addition to the 490 M117s or part of the order.
In March 2012 Textron Marine & Land Systems who have produced all of the existing MSFVs were awarded a contract for an additional 64 MSFV to be sent to Afghanistan. These will again be based on the M117. Three variants of MSFV are with Turret, MSFV with Objective Gunner Protection Kit; and MSFV Ambulance.
In April 2012 it was announced that a second option to supply a further 65 MSFV in all three variants has been awarded to Textron Marine & Land Systems. This brings the total number of MSFVs to 369.
By 7 March 2013 the Textron had received orders for 634 MSFVs. They report that 300 of these have already been fielded.
Soviet Union Main battle tank 600 1961–1991 50 T-54s and 50 T-55s were ordered in 1961 from the Soviet Union and delivered between 1962 and 1964 (T-54s were previously in Soviet service). 200 T-54s were ordered in 1978 from the Soviet Union and delivered between 1978 and 1979. 705 T-55s were ordered in 1978 from the Soviet Union and delivered between 1978 and 1991. There were 1,000 T-54s, T-55s, T-62s and PT-76s in service as of 1 April 1992.
1973–1991 100 ordered in 1973 from the Soviet Union and delivered between 1975 and 1976. 155 ordered in 1979 from the Soviet Union and delivered between 1979 and 1991. T-62 variants in service with the Afghan army were T-62, T-62M and T-62M1.
ZPU-4 Anti-aircraft gun Variants include ZPU-1 and ZPU-2.
Mostly left by the Soviet Union at the time of the withdrawal. Many mounted on trucks as improvised fire support systems.
Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun 20 were delivered from USSR.
Howitzer 152 As of September 2013 the ANA is in possession of 152 D30 howitzers, the supply of which is being coordinated by Picatinny Arsenal, the US military center for excellence in artillery. This will rise to 204 systems eventually.
Soviet Union Bolt-action rifle Ceremonial use.
Soviet Union Assault rifle Storage.
Phased out of the service since 2008. Used by Afghan Special Forces and some regular units.
Poland Use by regular units.
United States 104,000 The U.S. military provided the Afghan National Army with M16 rifles as part of a modernization effort.
10,000 Only used by Afghan National Army Commandos and Special Forces. M4s sold as part of a 2006 Foreign Military Sales package. Additional M4s sold as a 2008 Foreign Military Sales package.
Canada 2,500 On December 23, 2007, Canadian media reported that the Canadian Forces would supply the Afghan National Army with 2,500 surplus Colt Canada C7 rifles (a Canadian variant of the M16), along with training and ammunition in order to Westernise Afghan equipment. In June 2011, the Afghan National Army returned the loaned C7 rifles as the ANA preferred the American M16 rifle.
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^ 3rd Corps, by the AMF period, 'theoretically incorporated 14th Division, 30th Division, 822nd Brigade, Border Brigades, and approximately 800.. in the Governor's Force in Paktya, Ghazni, Paktika, and Khost Provinces. Michael Bhatia, Mark Sedra, 'Afghanistan, Arms and Conflict: Post-9/11 Security and Insurgency, Routledge, 2008, ISBN 113405422X, 209.
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^ Institute for War and Peace Reporting, "Woman Skydiver Leaps Ahead"
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^ Bhatia, Michael; Sedra, Mark (2008). Afghanistan, Arms and Conflict: Armed groups, disarmament, and security in a postwar society. Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 122–127. ISBN 0-415-47734-4.
^ "Afghan aviation minister assassinated Slaying sparks factional fighting in western city". The Boston Globe. March 22, 2004. Retrieved 2013-06-29. and "Afghan minister killed in Herat". BBC News. 21 March 2004. Retrieved 2013-06-29. and "Afghan Aviation Minister Shot Dead". Associated Press. FOX News. March 21, 2004. Retrieved 2013-06-29.
^ Defense.Gov, "Afghan National Army Activates Second Regional Command," September 23, 2004, https://web.archive.org/web/20100830065614/http://www.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=25226.
^ The Far East and Australasia 2003. Routledge. 2002. p. 63. ISBN 978-1-85743-133-9.
^ a b Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. p. 111. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. p. 180. ISBN 0-7881-1111-6.
The Far East and Australasia 2003. Routledge. 2002. p. 63. ISBN 978-1-85743-133-9.
^ Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. p. 181. ISBN 0-7881-1111-6.
^ Bonosky, Phillip (2001). Afghanistan–Washington's secret war. International Publishers. p. 261. ISBN 978-0-7178-0732-1.
^ Levite, Ariel; Jenteleson, Bruce; Berman, Larry (1992). Foreign Military Intervention: The Dynamics of Protracted Conflict. Columbia University Press. p. 80. ISBN 978-0-231-07295-3.
^ SoldiersMagazine.com: "Soldiers – the Official U.S. Army Magazine – March 2003" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-04-18. Retrieved 2011-02-11.
^ Rumsfeld, Donald (August 6, 2004). "Rumsfeld: Cost of Freedom for Iraq Similar to Bringing Democracy to Others". Archived from the original on 2012-04-14. Retrieved 2018-10-03.
^ "Over 153,000 troops fighting 20,000 combatants: NATO". Pajhwok Afghan News. June 6, 2007. Retrieved December 14, 2011.
^ Khwaja Basir Ahmad (July 5, 2010). "ANA strength reaches 134,000". Pajhwok Afghan News. Retrieved December 14, 2011.
^ a b c Pellerindate, Cheryl (May 23, 2011). "Afghan Security Forces Grow in Numbers, Quality". American Forces Press Service. United States Department of Defense. Archived from the original on April 14, 2014. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
^ Blenkin, Max (June 28, 2012). "Afghan National Army a work in progress". The Australian. Retrieved 2012-07-15.
^ "Afghanistan: Karzais On The Run". StrategyPage. October 17, 2014. Retrieved October 20, 2014.
^ SIGAR Report to Congress, January 30, 2013, pp. 73-74, cited in Cordesman, THE Afghan WAR IN 2013: MEETING THE CHALLENGES OF TRANSITION – VOLUME III SECURITY AND THE ANSF, working draft, March 28, 2013, 58.
^ DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE BLOGGERS ROUNDTABLE WITH MAJOR GENERAL DAVID HOGG, DEPUTY COMMANDER-ARMY, NATO TRAINING MISSION-AFGHANISTAN. U.S. NAVY, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE FOR PUBLIC AFFAIRS, FEBRUARY 18, 2010. (PDF). Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE BLOGGERS ROUNDTABLE WITH ARMY COLONEL Colonel Thomas Umberg. MAY 17, 2010. (PDF). Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ 111128-F-HS721-086 | Flickr – Photo Sharing!. Flickr. Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ "DVIDS - News - Afghan National Army soldiers soar with Operation Eagle's Flight". DVIDS. Retrieved 11 May 2015.
^ a b "India turns to Russia to help supply arms to Afghan forces". Reuters. Retrieved 11 May 2015.
^ a b "Afghanistan sends India a weapons wish-list ahead of NATO withdrawal". Mail Online. Retrieved 11 May 2015.
^ a b U.S. surge is big, Afghan army is crucial – World news – South and Central Asia – Afghanistan – msnbc.com. MSNBC (2009-12-05). Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ a b Corruption, indiscipline slow Afghan training – Army News | News from Afghanistan & Iraq. Army Times. Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ U.S. trainers bemoan Afghan corruption. UPI.com (2009-12-09). Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ a b c Dianna Cahn Troops fear corruption outweighs progress of Afghan forces. Stars and Stripes. December 9, 2009. Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ Chivers, C. J. (2010-02-20). "Military Analysis – Marines Do Heavy Lifting as Afghan Army Lags in Battle". The New York Times. Marja (Afghanistan). Archived from the original on 28 March 2010. Retrieved 2010-04-06.
^ Lardner, Richard, (Associated Press), "Investigation: Afghan Troops Ran, Hid During Deadly Battle", Norfolk Virginian-Pilot, 11 June 2011.
^ Wood, Paul. "US troops show concern over readiness of Afghan army", BBC News, October 16, 2010.
^ Graeme Smith (2011-12-22). "Canada's quest to turn Afghanistan's army of phantoms into fighters". Globe and Mail. Canada. Retrieved 2012-01-04.
^ "5 Polish Troops Killed by Bomb in East Afghanistan". ABC News. Associated Press. December 21, 2011. Retrieved December 21, 2011.
^ Spencer Ackerman, "Not A Single Afghan Battalion Fights Without U.S. Help," Wired, September 26, 2011.
^ "Afghan forces need reading lessons before security transfer". Al Arabiya News. Reuters. 22 June 2012. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
^ "''Afghanistan Security: Afghan Army Growing, but Additional Trainers Needed; Long-term Costs Not Determined'', page 24" (PDF). Retrieved 11 April 2012.
^ Hughes, Dana (25 March 2013). "Former US Commander in Afghanistan John Allen Hopeful, Realistic About Country's Future". ABC OTUS. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
^ Filkins, Dexter (2009-12-02). "With Troop Pledge, New Demands on Afghans". The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 2, 2011. Retrieved 2010-04-14.
^ Ian Traynor (2 December 2010). "Germany accuses US over 'missing' Afghan funds, WikiLeaks cables show". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 2 December 2010. Retrieved 3 December 2010.
^ a b Shanker, Thom; Schmitt, Eric (2009-03-19). "U.S. Plans Vastly Expanded Afghan Security Force". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-04-14.
^ Andrea Shalal-Esa U.S. arms sales could hit $50 billion next year. Reuters. July 20, 2010. Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ Daniel Wasserbly, 'Pentagon: ANSF will still require 'substantial' help after 2014,' Jane's Defence Weekly, and http://www.defense.gov/transcripts/transcript.aspx?transcriptid=5279.
^ NATO Training Mission-Afghanistan, 'Information Paper: Ministry of Defense: A Year in Review,' 23 January 2011.
^ a b c Afghan National Army update: July 2011 – Threat Matrix. Longwarjournal.org (2011-07-21). Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ FedBizOpps.gov, 38—Y—Construction Services for the Second Battalion, 209th headqauters facilities, ANA Kunduz Installation Phase II, Kunduz, Afghanistan. Retrieved August 2009.
^ Marty, Franz J. (10 February 2016). "Isolated Outposts: Badakhshan sitrep". Jane's defence weekly (Vol 53, No. 6). ISSN 0265-3818.
^ DVIDS – News – Afghan leaders recognize military progress in Helmand. Dvidshub.net (2011-04-17). Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ Danish chief visits UK advisors in Helmand – British Army Website. Army.mod.uk (2010-10-07). Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ James Sims Change of Command at Camp Phoenix. Dvidshub.net. May 31, 2009. Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ Afghan National Army update, May 2011. The Long War Journal (2011-05-09). Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ US Department of Defense. "Gates Visits New Afghan Commando Training Site".
^ Rose, Cory. "ANA Special Operations Command stands up first division in Afghan history". NATO Training Mission – Afghanistan Public Affairs. Retrieved 14 December 2012.
^ "NATO Secretary General Witnesses Afghan Army Strength". eNews Park Forest. 12 April 2012. Archived from the original on 14 June 2013. Retrieved 14 December 2012.
^ "ANA Commissions Special Mission Wing". Us Department of Defense. Retrieved 14 December 2012.
^ a b c d Afghan special forces expand to handle night raids, delicate missions, but training takes time. The Washington Post. Retrieved on 2012-01-01.
^ Making the Afghan Special Forces | Special Force Archived 2010-11-28 at the Wayback Machine. Specialforce.info (2010-05-20). Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ Photos: Special Forces Join Forces. NPR. Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ Special Operations: Afghanistan Grows Its Own Special Forces. Strategypage.com (2010-11-12). Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ DVIDS – News – ANA special forces soldiers receive berets in ceremony. Dvidshub.net. Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ DVIDS – News – Afghan special forces receive berets in ceremony. Dvidshub.net. Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ DVIDS – News – Afghan National Army connects, surveys, secures in Sangin. Dvidshub.net (2011-11-24). Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ DVIDS – News – Afghan National Army hosts Sangin residents, promotes security. Dvidshub.net (2011-11-24). Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ Combat Logistics Battalion 1 Archived 2012-08-02 at Archive.today. I-mef.usmc.mil (2010-01-30). Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ "POLITICS: Tajik Grip on Afghan Army Signals New Ethnic War". Inter Press Service (IPS). November 28, 2009. Retrieved 1 September 2010.
^ "The Afghan national army". smallwarsjournal.com. December 4, 2012. Retrieved 15 January 2014.
^ "Afghan Army Struggles With Ethnic Divisions". CBS News. Retrieved 26 July 2010.
^ "India to pay Russia for arms, ammo it sells to Afghanistan". The Indian Express. 18 April 2014. Retrieved 11 May 2015.
^ "M113As of ANA". Retrieved 2013-02-12.
^ a b "First production MSFVs shipped to Afghan National Army". United States Army. 14 November 2011. Retrieved 11 April 2012.
^ a b c d "Course brings Afghanistan step closer to having armor corps". United States Army. 23 January 2012. Retrieved 11 April 2012.
^ "M1117 Family ASVs for the Afghan National Army". Defenseindustrydaily.com. 28 February 2012. Retrieved 11 April 2012.
^ CJ Radin (21 July 2011). "Afghan National Army update: July 2011 – Threat Matrix". Longwarjournal.org. Retrieved 11 April 2012.
^ "Ares Homepage". Aviationweek.com. Retrieved 11 April 2012.
^ ARG. "Navistar International 7000 series Heavy Utility Truck". Military-Today.com. Retrieved 11 April 2012.
^ First production MSFVs shipped to Afghan National Army | Article | The United States Army. Army.mil. November 14, 2011. Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ "Textron Marine & Land Systems Awarded Contract Option for Additional Afghanistan National Army Armored Vehicles". MarketWatch. Retrieved 11 April 2012.
^ "defence.professionals". defpro.com. 20 April 2012. Retrieved 11 April 2012.
^ "defence.professionals". defpro.com. 2 April 2012. Retrieved 26 April 2012.
^ "Commando Family Armored Cars for the Afghan National Army". Defense Industry Daily. 7 March 2013. Retrieved 11 May 2015.
^ SIPRI Arms Transfers Database. Armstrade.sipri.org. Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ Армии стран мира : Вооруженные силы иностранных государств на 2001 год : А. Soldiering.ru. Retrieved on 2011-12-27.
^ a b Swami, Praveen. "Why India is concerned about supplying arms to Afghanistan". Firstpost World. Retrieved 27 May 2013.
^ Afghan Soldiers Learn to Maintain Medium Tactical Vehicles, U.S. Department of Defense, January 9, 2006.
Amtstutz, J. Bruce, Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation, National Defense University, Washington DC, 1986.
Jalali,, Ali A. "Afghanistan: The Anatomy of an Ongoing Conflict". Parameters. U.S. Army (Spring 2001): 85–98. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
Bhatia, Michael; Sedra, Mark (2008). Afghanistan, Arms and Conflict: Armed groups, disarmament, and security in a postwar society. Abingdon: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-47734-4.
Kenneth Conboy, 'Elite Forces of India and Pakistan,' - also covers Afghanistan, including post 1978 coup creation of 26th Parachute Regiment from two previous command units.
Yuri V. Gankovskii, Istoriia Vooruzhennykh Sil Afganistana: 1747–1977, Moscow: Nauka (also reported as Institut Vostokovedeniya), 1985.
Antonio Giustozzi, 'Shadow Ownership and SSR in Afghanistan,' Chap. 11 in Tim Donnais (ed.) 'Local Ownership and Security Sector Reform,' DCAF/Lit Verlag, Zurich/Berlin, 2008 'Local Ownership.' Portrays a varying level of vested interest/warlord subversion of reform among the various security agencies; little local ownership at the MOD/ANA despite several attempts to seize more local control and subvert the foreign process by not proving enough personnel, imposing different officers, and wanting a conscript force. The army is financially unsustainable even at 70,000 strong and not being trained for combat in small units.
Antonio Giustozzi, The Army of Afghanistan: A Political History of a Fragile Institution, London, C Hurst & Co., 2016; 288 pp.; £35.00; hbk; ISBN 9781849044813. Due to its 'simplicity, which matched low technology and basic organization found among the human resources available' the Taliban's army from 1996-2001 was perhaps the most successful national army for Afghanistan (p. 121).
James Hardy, 'British MP urges changes to Afghan forces,' Jane's Defence Weekly, v.48, no.35, August 31, 2011, p. 15 (ISSN 0265-3818).
Lieutenant Colonel Gavin Keating, 'Living in the Twilight Zone: Advising the Afghan National Army at the Corps Level', Australian Army Journal, Vol. VIII, No. 3, Summer 2011.
Maloney, Sean M. (2005), Enduring the Freedom: A Rogue Historian in Afghanistan, Washington, DC: Potomac Books, ISBN 1-57488-953-2 (2007 paperback edition covers ANA Reconstruction Team, 2002–03, pp. 141–145).
'US seeks to halve ANSF funds by 2014,' Jane's Defence Weekly, 5 October 2011. Reporting comments by Lt Gen Caldwell, Commander NATO Training Mission-Afghanistan (NTM-A), 26 September 2011.
"U.S. Acquisition Decisions Undermine Afghan Air Force". Daniel Goure, Ph.D. January 28, 2013. Retrieved March 18, 2013.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Afghan National Army.
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A few months ago, I received a cryptic message from AirBnB that sounded like something straight out that Black Mirror episode with Jon Hamm.
We regret to inform you that we’ll be unable to support your account moving forward, and have exercised our discretion under our Terms of Service to disable your account(s). This decision is irreversible and will affect any duplicated or future accounts.
Please understand that we are not obligated to provide an explanation for the action taken against your account. Furthermore, we are not liable to you in any way with respect to disabling or canceling your account. Airbnb reserves the right to make the final determination with respect to such matters, and this decision will not be reversed.
Most of us are used to the justice system, presenting evidence, the right to defend ourselves, and these types of methods employed by private companies are shocking. These type of authoritarian practices should not take place, even when private corporations have a legal right to do, for ethical and moral reasons if non other.
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Arrow diagram PowerPoint templates are used in making business models and presentations to show growth or progress of a project or even a product. Arrows are basically used to capture the audience's attention. They can also be used to represent a timeline or any significant events by using attractive shapes and designs in the presentation. Moreover, you can customize the templates according to your convenience so that you can convey your ideas or thoughts to give a more picturesque slide.
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and I still can't read the newspaper.
About how many kanji do we need to memorize?
Memorizing about 1,500 kanji should be sufficient.
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The Political Tour reveals the political and grassroots reality of Jerusalem by exposing how Israeli policies continue to suffocate Palestine's capital and largest metropolitan area.
It begins at our office in the neighborhood of Karm il-Khalili with a 45 minute narrative explaining the historical context of Jerusalem. Next, we embark on a 3 hour tour of the city. It includes six stops across the Jerusalem District where we will explore issues such as the economy, legal status of residents, education, health, home demolitions and settlement building.
For the last three years, and in order to break free of limiting funding systems, Grassroots al-Quds has been building a model of self-sufficiency, and generating income from our political tour is an integral part of this model. In addition, we receive lots of requests for tours every year, and do not have the capacity to fulfill them all. Therefore, we give tours to groups of 6 people and more, or alternatively for a minimum price of $250 for a “private tour” (in order to stick to our financial plans).
If you are interested in our tour and you are less than 6 people, and cannot pay the minimum price, please write an email to: [email protected]. If we have tours scheduled around the dates you requested, we will ask the group whether you can join them.
If you are a group of 6 people or more, please sign up to the tour here.
The cost of the tour depends on the number of participants and the size of the bus.
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Vincent Neil Wharton is an American musician. He is best known as the lead vocalist of heavy metal band Mötley Crüe, but he has also released three albums as a solo artist. He is known for his turbulent personal life which has led to multiple arrests and convictions, including one for vehicular manslaughter.
Thomas Lee Bass is an American musician and founding member of Mötley Crüe. As well as being the band's long-term drummer, Lee founded rap-metal band Methods of Mayhem, and has pursued solo musical projects.
Michael Joseph Jackson was an American singer, songwriter, and dancer. Dubbed the "King of Pop", he is widely regarded as one of the most significant cultural figures of the 20th century and one of the greatest entertainers of all time. He was also known for his unorthodox lifestyle, residing in a private amusement park he called Neverland Ranch, and often becoming the focus of tabloid scrutiny. Jackson's contributions to music, dance, and fashion, along with his publicized personal life, made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades.
Queen are a British rock band formed in London in 1970. Their classic line-up was Freddie Mercury, Brian May, Roger Taylor, and John Deacon. Their earliest works were influenced by progressive rock, hard rock and heavy metal, but the band gradually ventured into more conventional and radio-friendly works by incorporating further styles, such as arena rock and pop rock.
John Corabi is a hard rock singer and guitarist who has worked with such bands as Angora, The Scream, Mötley Crüe, Union and ESP, Ratt, Twenty 4 Seven, Zen Lunatic, Brides of Destruction, and Angel City Outlaws. He is the current lead singer for The Dead Daisies.
Sir Elton Hercules John is an English singer, songwriter, pianist, and composer. He has worked with lyricist Bernie Taupin as his songwriting partner since 1967; they have collaborated on more than 30 albums. John has sold more than 300 million records, making him one of the best-selling music artists in the world. He has more than fifty Top 40 hits, including seven consecutive number-one albums in the United States, 58 Billboard Top 40 singles, 27 Top 10 singles, four which reached number two and nine which reached number one. His tribute single "Candle in the Wind 1997", rewritten in dedication to Diana, Princess of Wales, sold over 33 million copies worldwide and is the best-selling single in the history of the UK and US singles charts. He has also composed music, produced records, and has occasionally acted in films.
Elvis Aaron Presley was an American singer and actor. Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the "King of Rock and Roll" or simply "the King".
Miley Ray Hemsworth is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. After playing minor roles in the television series Doc and the film Big Fish in her childhood, she became a teen idol starring as the character Miley Stewart on the Disney Channel television series Hannah Montana in 2006. Her father, Billy Ray Cyrus, also starred on the series, which aired for four seasons until 2011.
Brian Harold May, is an English musician, singer, songwriter, and astrophysicist. He is best known as the lead guitarist of the rock band Queen. He uses a home-built electric guitar called the Red Special. His compositions for the band include "We Will Rock You", "Tie Your Mother Down", "I Want It All", "Fat Bottomed Girls", "Flash", "Hammer to Fall", "Save Me", "Who Wants to Live Forever", and "The Show Must Go On".
Sir Michael Philip Jagger is an English singer, songwriter, actor and film producer who gained fame as the lead singer and one of the founder members of the Rolling Stones. Jagger's career has spanned over five decades, and he has been described as "one of the most popular and influential frontmen in the history of rock & roll". His distinctive voice and energetic live performances, along with Keith Richards' guitar style have been the trademark of the Rolling Stones throughout the band's career. Jagger gained press notoriety for his admitted drug use and romantic involvements, and was often portrayed as a countercultural figure.
David Robert Jones, known professionally as David Bowie, was an English singer, songwriter and actor. He was a leading figure in the music industry and is considered one of the most influential musicians of the 20th century, acclaimed by critics and musicians, particularly for his innovative work during the 1970s. His career was marked by reinvention and visual presentation, with his music and stagecraft having a significant impact on popular music. During his lifetime, his record sales, estimated at 140 million albums worldwide, made him one of the world's best-selling music artists. In the UK, he was awarded ten platinum album certifications, eleven gold and eight silver, and released eleven number-one albums. In the US, he received five platinum and nine gold certifications. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996.
Cher is an American singer and actress. Commonly referred to by the media as the Goddess of Pop, she has been described as embodying female autonomy in a male-dominated industry. She is known for her distinctive contralto singing voice and for having worked in numerous areas of entertainment, as well as adopting a variety of styles and appearances during her six-decade-long career.
John Winston Ono Lennon was an English singer, songwriter, and peace activist who co-founded the Beatles, the most commercially successful band in the history of popular music. He and fellow member Paul McCartney formed a much-celebrated songwriting partnership. Along with George Harrison and Ringo Starr, the group would ascend to worldwide fame during the 1960s. After the group disbanded in 1970, Lennon pursued a solo career and started the band Plastic Ono Band with his second wife Yoko Ono.
Alanis Nadine Morissette is a Canadian singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and actress. Known for her emotive mezzo-soprano voice, Morissette began her career in Canada in the early 1990s with two mildly successful dance-pop albums. Afterwards, as part of a recording deal, she moved to Holmby Hills, Los Angeles and in 1995 released Jagged Little Pill, a more rock-oriented album which sold more than 33 million copies globally and is her most critically acclaimed work. Her follow-up album, Supposed Former Infatuation Junkie, was released in 1998.
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Ladies want to get better their look. They do not listen to people who say that they look gorgeous and do not have to get better anything. However, ladies prefer to wear make-up anywhere they go- to school, to workplace or to a shop.
In this text will be described a person who has had big impact on producing make-upp cosmetics. The man is Eugene Rimmel and the bussines is called Rimmel London. Rimmel Company was introduced in 1834 by Eugene Rimmel. It is a famous British powder company at the moment possessed by Coty Corporation. The headquarter of Rimmel is located in the capital of the United Kingdom – London.
Rimmel Cosmetics Corporation provides every make-up foundation like: lipstick, foundations, powders, blushes and more. The majorities of Rimmel’s products are produced in EU and are very high excellence. Furthermore, the excellences of the cosmetics are confirmed by celebrities who are willing to advertise the cosmetics. The current faces which are easily met at Rimmel’s posters and advertisements are: Kate Moss, a model and 2 singers: Sophie Eliis- Bextor and Lily Cole. Moreover, the Rimmel foundation are sold international and are well-known worldwide.
Who was the creator of the famous powder mark?
Eugene Rimmel was born in 1820 in France. He was an amazing perfumer and businessman.
He went to London with his family in his early adolescence. In 1834, at age of 14 he and his parent established their first own perfumery called the House of Rimmel. Eugene Rimmel’s parent was his educator and he showed him how to create most of the cosmetics. Later on, they manufacture some innovative cosmetics together.
A lot of people consider Eugene Rimmel to be a father of powder industry. It is nothing strange. His largest achievement is a creation of 1st non-poisonous mascara. What is more, the product has been so famous that normal people who applied it started to use the word “rimmel” as an alternative of “mascara”. At the moment, after almost 200 years of establishing Rimmel London corporation, the word “rimmel” is still applied in some languages as alternative the word ” makeup”. The languages are: French, Italian, Portuguese, Persian, Romanian, Spanish and Turkish.
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What disputes existed between Iraq and Kuwait prior to the 1990 invasion?
"Meanwhile, new sources of oil in Alaska, the North Sea, and the former Soviet Union were driving down the price of oil, shich fell from $22 per barrel in January to $16 per barrel in June. Part of the drop in oil prices was a result of the overproduction by OPEC [Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries] countries, such as Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which not only profited from their overproduction but were pursuing a long-term economic policy of trying to increase global dependence on oil by depressing prices. Saddam would claim that each $1 drop in the price of oil cost Iraq $1 billion in revenue, and he was basically right. As a result of all theses factors, by the spring of 1990, Baghdad was facing a serious financial crunch.
The first inkling of what Saddam had in mind came at the end of May at a meeting of the Arab League in Baghdad, where he excoriated the United States and Israel and accused Kuwait of waging economic warfare against Iraq. Saddam also demanded an Arab summit to compel the GCC [Gulf Cooperation Council] states to forgive Iraq's war debts and provide it with $30 billion in economic aid."
"The flouting of the OPEC quota by Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates in the spring of 1990 depressed oil prices well below OPEC's reference level of $18 a barrel. During a closed session of the extraordinary Arab summit in Baghdad on May 30, Saddam revealed that every US dollar drop in the price of an oil barrel deprived Iraq of $1 billion annually. 'War is fought with soldiers, and harm is done by explosions, killing and coup attempts, but it is also done by economic means sometimes... I say to those who do not mean to wage war on Iraq that this is in fact a kind of war against Iraq.
Saddam's plea fell on deaf ears. Overproduction continued, with Kuwait exceeding its OPEC quota by 40 percent, and the UAE by 30 percent. Petroleum prices fell to $11 a barrel, a level at which Iraqs' oil income was just enough to meet current expenses, leaving nothing to service foreign debts or fund urgently needed reconstruction."
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Renovation Architects - why use an architect?
Why use an architect? Surely they are an unnecessary extra expense? Not necessarily... architects provide a link between builders and clients. They are well-versed in the dangers and pitfalls that result from doing substantial work to a property, especially where extensions / conversions are concerned. They also have the advantage of looking at buildings with an artist's eye, and introducing the type of aesthetically pleasing 'wow' factor elements which really help sell a property.
They are also able to project manage the build, find appropriate tradesmen, and generally take the pain out of a building project for their clients. This does come at a price, and architects charge fees just as any other profession does. However the increased aesthetic and financial value should outweigh any cost concerns.
Architects are overseen by RIBA, which ensures a good standard of work and promotes excellence throughout the profession. Their website, http://www.architecture.com, is a good starting point to learning about great buildings and designers and finding helpful links to other sources.
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Truman Bethurum (August 21, 1898 - May 21, 1969) was the second of the classic 1950s contactees, individuals who claimed to have spoken with humanoid space aliens and entered or ridden on their flying saucers. His revelations seemed fairly directly inspired by his immediate forerunner, George Adamski.
Bethurum was born in Gavalin, California, and in the early 1950s worked as a mechanic on a road-building crew. Unlike most road-crew members, however, he moonlighted as a fortune teller and spiritual advisor. In 1953 Bethurum first published magazine and newspaper (Redondo Beach Daily Breeze, September 25, 1953) accounts of being contacted about a dozen different times by the humanoid crew of a landed flying saucer, and repeatedly conversing with its stunningly lovely female captain, Aura Rhanes. Saucer and crew, who spoke colloquial English, came from the unknown planet Clarion, which from the earth, in defiance of all known laws of planetary motion, always remains out of sight behind our moon. The Clarionites were smaller than humans, lived for 1000 years, and were all good Christians who attended church every Sunday. A subsequent 1954 book, Aboard a Flying Saucer, gave more details of Bethurum's suffering at the hands of skeptics, but few other details of Clarion and its people.
Most contactees of this period became (or already were) leaders of religious cults, including George Adamski, George Van Tassel, Daniel Fry, George King and many others. Bethurum followed the same pattern, quitting his job and telling followers - immediately after the publication of his book - that the space people had commanded him to create a religious commune, with himself as spiritual leader. A commune, the Sanctuary of Thought, was subsequently created near Prescott, Arizona. While Bethurum and his cult have a few followers to this day, most self-proclaimed UFO researchers of the 1950s dismissed him as a charlatan—- he refused lie-detector examinations, and also refused to provide physical evidence he claimed to possess, such as supposedly unique items given to him by Captain Aura Rhanes.
Some of Bethurum's later books include The Voice of the Planet Clarion (1957), Facing Reality (1958), and The People of the Planet Clarion (1970), published after his death. The first 44 pages of the final book are an autobiography of Bethurum covering his life up to 1953. In this last book he also mentions that astronomers had told him that Clarion could not possibly orbit either sun or earth in such a way as to remain behind the moon as seen from earth, and that Captain Rhanes must have meant to say Clarion is in the same orbit as our earth, but always behind the sun from our viewpoint. It has been known since the 1960s that no planet exists in either spot. Earlier, in 1954, Bethurum had told audiences during his lectures that Rhanes probably meant Clarion was in another solar system.
An afterword to The People of the Planet Clarion by artist Columba Krebs, who helped Bethurum with all three of his later books, notes that Bethurum seemed obsessed by Captain Rhanes, and had hired a secretary who (according to Bethurum) resembled her very closely. Bethurum himself repeatedly remarked in his many public lectures that his second wife had divorced him in 1955 mainly due to jealousy of Captain Rhanes. He later married a third time, with the wedding taking place at one of George Van Tassel's yearly Giant Rock Spacecraft Conventions.
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Find Bicycle and Related Repairer Jobs under this category. Bicycle and Related Repairers are required for installing, repairing, and replacing equipment or accessories, such as handlebars, stands, lights, and seats in bicycles. Additional tasks may include: aligning wheels; replacing defective parts; repairing holes in tire tubes, welding broken or cracked frames together; painting bicycle frames. These works are mostly performed by hand using tools such as bench grinders, scrapers, and patches, oxyacetylene torches, welding rods, spray guns or brushes. There are no specific education requirements for Bicycle and Related Repairers, but a high school degree and formal training in the field can boost employment opportunities.
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The Green Building Initiative® (GBI) is a nonprofit organization dedicated to accelerating the adoption of building practices that result in resource efficient, healthier and environmentally sustainable buildings. We advance this mission through credible and practical green building approaches for more sustainable communities.
Our strategy for accomplishing our goals involves education and promotion on the use of GBI's Green Globes® certification program for commercial buildings and GBI's Guiding Principles Compliance and third-party assessment program for federal building sustainability requirements.
The following points summarize the core principles and market approach of the Green Building Initiative as it seeks to achieve its mission.
Building stakeholders. The GBI's most significant market opportunities today are among building owners, designers, developers, government agencies, tenants, facility managers and communities that strive to improve the built environment through the evaluation and application of green building best practices.
To increase adoption of green building best practices among these audiences, GBI stakeholders believe that multiple approaches, as well as multiple third-party certified green building rating systems and compliance tools, are necessary to meet the needs of the rapidly evolving built environment.
Competition drives innovation and, as demand increases for green buildings as well as sustainable and resilient communities, there will be exponentially larger benefits for our audiences and the environment from having multiple approaches to achieving desired outcomes.
While the GBI prefers competition-driven market transformation to legislative mandate or regulatory requirements, GBI believes that any government initiatives requiring, referencing, or incentivizing the use of green building rating systems at any level should include all nationally recognized codes, standards, and rating systems to help ensure choice and adoption.
GBI is committed to the principles of consensus, transparency, balance, and due process and is a recognized Standard Development Organization (SDO) accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI).
GBI’s believes that broad input from stakeholders ensures that the latest science, data, and market advances are incorporated during the development of our rating systems and that ANSI-audited consensus processes provide the best opportunity for fostering open discussion and debate among stakeholders while also allowing for due process.
GBI delivers environmental assessment tools and rating systems that are practical, comprehensive, and cost-effective.
Essential to the ongoing success of GBI’s approach to the market is its continuing commitment to being collaborative, engaging, and accessible both as a thought leader and in its commitment to providing excellent customer service to users of our tools throughout the assessment and certification of buildings or interior spaces.
GBI promotes the Green Globes suite of assessment tools to provide third-party certification of green building best practices and resilience considerations (ii) as applied to commercial and multi-family buildings of all types, sizes, and budgets.
GBI also supports federal High Performance and Sustainable Buildings requirements through custom assessment programs outside of the Green Globes suite of tools, such as the Guiding Principles Compliance programs for both existing buildings and new construction, per Executive Orders 13423, 13514 and 13693.
GBI maintains an American National Standard through ANSI’s third-party audited consensus process and seeks to foster continuous improvement in its products and services through feedback loops between its stakeholders, users, and Consensus Body.
To help promote and enhance green building education and the adoption of best practices, the GBI has created the Green Globes Professional™ (GGP), Green Globes Assessor™ (GGA), and Guiding Principles Compliance Professional™ (GPCP) personnel certification programs to ensure that trained individuals are available to assist in the rating and assessment process.
To address building and infrastructure challenges presented by population growth and an increased focus on resilience, GBI partners with corporate and government entities, as well as non-governmental organizations, to increase education on sustainable thinking and to create and influence relevant assessment and reporting tools.
GBI’s Board of Directors strives to promote transparency in its governance practices as it does in the development of its rating systems. To request information or provide input on GBI’s governance, rating system development, online tools or consensus processes, send inquiries to [email protected].
(ii) The National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS) released its 2015 Report titled, “ Moving Forward: Findings and Recommendations from the Consultative Council,” in January of 2016. Section D. of the report (pp. 7-8) addresses Resilience and Green-Building Rating Systems. It encourages rating system criteria similar to Green Globes criteria, such as points that are awarded for integrated design processes that encourage community input, site selection that considers regional climatic impacts, materials selection through use of life cycle assessment and building service life analyses, life-cycle cost analyses, and moisture control analyses.
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The latest Peter Kater album, RESONANCE, is a spacey affair, perfect for relaxing, exploring the inner mysteries of life, or simply zoning out. The music is comprised of eight lengthy pieces that sound fairly improvised and often become almost ambient and hypnotic in nature (although a few of the tunes have more definitive melodic content). The music is generally soft, slow and gentle. It features Kater on piano with a quiet wash of synthesizer in the background plus the occasional chime or gong.
This new Peter Kater music resonates with the universe and captures the ebb-and-flow of the sonic sounds emanating from far-off galaxies whether it is life-created messages or just explosive activity from the mixing of gases and massive matter. The music is almost primal and primeval because it is so slow and quiet. It insinuates itself deep inside you and then helps release pent-up feelings whether those originally stem from pain, grief or longing for a better existence.
How do you describe instrumental music comprised basically of just two instruments? All you can be sure of when immersing yourself in this music is that it will definitely resonate within your body, mind and spirit, and that may be reason enough to find this music and let it be part of your life.
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Many machine learning approaches are characterized by information constraints on how they interact with the training data. These include memory and sequential access constraints (e.g. fast first-order methods to solve stochastic optimization problems); communication constraints (e.g. distributed learning); partial access to the underlying data (e.g. missing features and multi-armed bandits) and more. However, currently we have little understanding how such information constraints fundamentally affect our performance, independent of the learning problem semantics. For example, are there learning problems where any algorithm which has small memory footprint (or can use any bounded number of bits from each example, or has certain communication constraints) will perform worse than what is possible without such constraints? In this paper, we describe how a single set of results implies positive answers to the above, for several different settings.
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graceful and powerful big cats closely related to lions, tigers, and jaguars.
them safe from scavengers such as hyenas. Leopards can also hunt from trees.
are commonly called black panthers.
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… The Gospels of Luke and Mark describe Mary Magdalene as possessed by “seven devils,” which are driven out of her. In Luke, she and other similarly afflicted rich women “minister” to him and probably give him financial support. This Mary is sometimes conflated with another, nameless, woman in Luke, “a sinner” who washes Jesus’ feet and dries them with her hair, and with Mary of Bethany, mentioned in the Gospel of John, who also washes Jesus’ feet.
Mary Magdalene became the patron saint of fallen women.
In 1969, the Catholic Church decreed that the biblical Marys were actually different people. But the image of Mary Magdalene as a symbol of repentant female sexuality persisted.
There are roughly two competing answers. The first is that the prophets advocated a higher form of morality. The second is that they were principally concerned to fight for the rejection of idolatry by the people of Israel. These two themes recur in the written prophecies we have and they are not to be found anywhere else in Near Eastern ancient practices. Morality is, roughly, what human beings owe to one another. Idolatry is a violation of what human beings owe to God. Podhoretz deplores the use of the word “tension,” but we find a tension in the Bible between morality in the restricted sense of what the people of Israel owe to one another and morality in the unrestricted sense of what human beings owe to one another. The same tension occurs between what the people of Israel owe to their god, and what people in general owe to God. What blurs the distinction between morality and religion in the Bible is, of course, the idea that what we owe to one another is grounded in what we owe to God. It is expressed by the famous words “Love thy neighbors as thyself. I am the Lord” in Leviticus 19:18.
The prohibition of idolatry has a clear purpose: to maintain the uniqueness, the exclusivity of the one God. The primary way of expressing such exclusivity is through worshiping only God, making sacrifices only to Him. The second way is to avoid ascribing to other forces in the world attributes that belong to God alone. The prophets, for example, condemned Israel’s defense treaties with Egypt and Assyria, both superpowers at the time, by which the Jews, in effect, bought defense in return for accepting political subjugation and paying taxes. For the prophets, such treaties sinfully violated the true exclusivity of God, who must be the sole source of providing protection to Israel. They believed that in making such treaties the Israelite leaders were worshiping a wrong god. “Ha! Those who go down to Egypt for help and rely upon horses! They have put their trust in the abundance of chariots, in vast numbers of riders, and they have not turned to the Holy One of Israel, they have not sought the Lord” (Isaiah 31:1).
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What were some of your fears about training so vigorously while pregnant, if you had any?
In the beginning I was worried about training in the heat and humidity. I knew that regulating my body temperature was critical for the baby's health. (If I got too hot, the baby could as well.) Other than that I didn't really have any fears; I knew that exercise was beneficial during pregnancy and with the running base I had, as long as I listened to my body, marathon training wouldn't cause any harm.
You mentioned exercise being beneficial to pregnancy. Many women argue otherwise. Would you say this is a misconception, and what are a few other misunderstandings about pregnancy in relation to fitness that you'd like to address?
I think there are a lot of misconceptions about pregnancy and fitness. Many people think that once you become pregnant you need to limit your exercise. However, even my doctor agrees that it's the opposite. Exercise is wholly beneficial to you and your baby! You don't really need to limit yourself until your body is sending you negative signals, or unless your doctor has directed you to do so. I plan to run all the way up until I deliver my child, as long as my pregnancy continues to be healthy and running agrees with my ever-changing body. I have already had to limit myself to body-weight exercises and definitely can't do as deep of squats as I did pre-pregnancy. But I'm still exercising which is the most important part.
What has been the hardest part about running while pregnant? Any tips?
I have been blessed with an incredibly easy and healthy pregnancy thus far. The hardest part for me, so far, has been experiencing back aches. I fairly recently started running with a belly band for added support in my lower back, which has been really helpful. Other than that, thankfully I've had no real issues. If morning sickness is an issue for someone, I would say still try and get out to do what you can exercise-wise because (hopefully) the nausea/vomiting will pass, and it's going to be harder to exercise when you've been inactive for so long. Any type of exercise base you can keep from the start will make it easier to continue exercising further into pregnancy, and afterwards!
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What Did Schleiden and Schwann Discover?
Schleiden and Schwann are credited with proposing the idea that all plant life (Schleiden) and animal life (Schwann) are composed of cells, or are the product of cells, leading to the discovery of governing laws which are shared by cells from both forms of life. Although credited with this discovery, both scientists built upon foundations laid by previous research into the their respective fields.
Basic research into cell nuclei was confirmed in 1835, and it was from this basis that both Schleiden and Schwann began their inquiries.
Despite proposing that all plant matter was composed directly of cells or cell products, Schleiden was initially mistaken on a number of other fronts. In particular, he continued to champion the idea that cells were created from a crystallization process, despite the rejection of this idea some years earlier by other scientists.
Schwann could arguably be said to have made the greater contribution to science, as far less was known about cell role and reproduction in animals. Schwann took the same position as Schleiden, in that all animals were composed of cells or cell products, but also went further in asserting that the governing laws of cells was the same in both plant and animal life.
Although some of Schleiden's ideas were wrong, the impact of his initial research should not be underestimated, as it changed the focus of scientific inquiry at the time, which led to a much greater understanding of cells and their role.
What Did Rudolf Virchow Discover?
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0.989626 |
Zinedine Zidane, why did you headbutt that man?
There is no triangle without corners. There is no direction without a triangle. There is no movement without a direction.
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0.984696 |
What are the characteristics of vertical wind turbine?
Compared with other types of wind turbine, the vertical wind turbine has many notable features, including its performance, configuration and application scope, etc. Let's take a look at the advantages of vertical wind turbines.
Is because of vertical wind turbine adopt vertical blades and triangular double protection design, and the main points focused on wheels, so the leaf falls off, problems such as fracture and blade fly out to get a better solution, the security guarantee in the process of unit operation. It is also designed to make vertical wind turbines less windy and withstand a super typhoon of 45 meters per second.
Secondly, the design of vertical wind turbine used in horizontal plane rotation and blade application principle, the airplane wings will help reduce noise to the point of measurement is less than in a natural environment, makes the equipment present a very significant effect of mute.
Under the precondition of different design structure and operation principle, the vertical wind turbine has a smaller radius of gyration than other forms of wind power, saving space and improving efficiency. In the actual application, its starting wind speed is lower than other forms of wind turbine, so the increase of power generation is relatively gentle, and also has a large amount of power generation.
Is specially designed for vertical wind turbine control principle of the special, make it suitable for operating wind speed range and expand to 2.5 ~ 25 m/s, can realize in the wind of make the best use of resources at the same time even more electricity supply, improve the economic benefit of the wind power equipment use.
Even vertical wind turbine braking device is very unique, configurable mechanical manual and electronic automatic brake two, in the absence of typhoon and strong wind region, only set up the hand brake. Because the unit is used for direct drive permanent magnet generator, no gearbox and steering mechanism are required, so you can check it regularly.
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What is head or brain injury?
Traumatic brain injury, or TBI in medical-speak, is an injury to the brain caused by any kind of external force to the head or complication arising from that force. Common causes of TBI are traffic accidents; head impacts from falls or other incidents at work or in public places; criminal assault.
It is distinct from other causes of brain injury, such as stroke; genetically-linked illness such as inherited epilepsy; or damage caused by oxygen depletion, eg. in the course of medical procedures.
The “first” injury- covers the initial trauma and its immediate effects in the next few seconds afterwards. There are three types of “first” injury- (a) closed head injuries (the most common, where the brain is subject to rapid acceleration or deceleration, damaging it against the skull- traffic accidents or head impacts, for example); (b) open or penetrating head injuries (where the skull is broken and the brain exposed and damaged- penetrating wounds caused by impact with sharp objects, for example); (c) crush injuries (the least common, but often result in damage to the brain stem and nervous system and can be very severe).
The “third” injury- can occur at any time after the first and second injuries, in days or even weeks that follow, and often is the result of slower, longer-term damage resulting from the overall injury, such as blood clots, leaking fluid within the brain, swelling of the brain causing pressure damage or reduced oxygen supply.
Whether or not the victim was unconscious, there is always a period after any TBI where the person seems confused and disorientated, even if they are aware of things around them. They may not be able to speak sensibly, or remember normal things or facts, or they may say or do bizarre things. This period is called “post-traumatic amnesia” (PTA). Along with any actual loss of consciousness, it is a vital indicator of the likely severity of the initial injury.
Minor head injury and concussion is one of the most common of brain injuries. It can leave the victim feeling sick, dizzy, tired, unable to tolerate light/noise and can lead to anxiety or clinical depression. It is most important that the victim and those around him keep a careful watch during the next 48 hours for any signs of more serious underlying injury, such as vision disturbance, inability to stay awake, slurred speech, weakness in limbs or on one side of the body or face. If any of these are noticed, then dial 999 for an ambulance immediately and explain there has been a head injury.
Some effects of brain damage may be immediate and obvious. Any impact of the brain upon the skull beyond a certain level will produce unconsciousness, which may be only a matter of seconds or much longer. At its most extreme, damage to the deep central areas of the brain can result in coma.
Damage to certain parts of the brain may result in difficulty in certain parts of the body functioning, or weakness in limbs. Damage to the brain stem will often result in speech and language impairment. Damage to the occiput (at the back of the head) can cause vision damage or blindness.
Even apparently minor head injury can cause “hidden” brain damage, resulting in changes to the victim’s personality, ability to think, to rationalise, to express themselves, and to their memory. Such damage is often only measurable after specialist testing and may not be obvious to the victim or those around him.
With even moderate head injuries, there can be an increased risk of developing epilepsy. This is particularly true of open or penetrating head injuries. Epilepsy can cause devastating changes in the victim’s life, even if there has been a very good recovery from the other consequences of head injury and is reflected in the likely size of compensation in such cases.
Remarkable results can be achieved nowadays with helping brain injury victims regain their abilities, even in more serious cases. Specialist therapists all aim to help the victim regain his abilities, self-sufficiency and self- respect. Medical knowledge about the brain and its processes is growing all the time and injuries which even 25 years ago would have severely limited the victim for life may now be overcome with the help of alternative coping strategies and re-learning techniques.
Slee Blackwell has the knowledge and experience to liaise with suitable experts and help to ensure that the best rehabilitation is obtained for the injured client.
Most commonly, brain injury resulting from medical negligence is caused at, or around the time of birth, in some cases only minutes before a baby is born. This usually happens when the baby is deprived of oxygen and can suffer irreversible damage to the brain. Cerebral palsy can also be the result of poor medical care immediately after the birth if, for example, an infection is not picked up or a congenital abnormality is not recognised, such as a heart defect.
These cases can sometimes take time to reach a settlement, but our team of lawyers will ensure that if an early admission of fault is made then an interim payment will be obtained to provide the additional assistance you may need.
These cases are often complex and it is important that you instruct a lawyer who is familiar with this area of law and has a proven track record of success. Birth injury is a specialism in itself and our team has extensive knowledge in this area of medical negligence law.
How can we cope when mum or dad comes home from hospital?
How will the family manage financially if they cannot work?
Who is going to look after the children?
How long will it be before they fully recover?
Will they ever be the same and what if they aren’t?
Who can I turn to for financial help, for help with care, with alterations and equipment, about work, about the medical issues so that I can understand?
Is there even a claim for compensation at all?
This turmoil can be overwhelming, so it is vital that you get the right help and advice from the word go. As specialist head injury solicitors, we cannot turn back the clock, but we can put you in touch with people who can help you with the everyday practicalities and worries.
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0.927272 |
How many years would it take to be fully fluent, on average?
Fluent, as in being able to verbally communicate? A year or two of full-time studying and/or immersion.
Being able to read and write like a native, considering how formal written Chinese has the literary denseness of Romantic and Victorian era English (thaaanks, public education system, for emaciating our language)? Quite a few years.
Being able to be indistinguishable from a native speaker, ex. including in pronunciation and nuanced diction? Well, unless your age is still in single digits right now, good luck.
I don't mean to discourage you. I'm only giving you a reality check, because, honestly, I would never bother learning Chinese if I had to learn the language from scratch.
hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi.
it depends (obviously) on the amount of time you spend on it, your native language and your level of immersion. the foreign service institute says it should take just under two years.
chinese grammar is pretty similar to english in some parts, and for native english speakers the hardest bit is the characters, i've heard.
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In the morning it's not easy to prepare as fast as you should. It's a juggle between wash, put makeup on and then run of to find earrings that will fit with your outfit. What would you think if we find a way to make it easier by combining accessories into a cabinet?
Material: MDF with painting and finishing RUBBER real wood trunk.
13 * 7 = 91 line positions for your rings.
12 hooks for your long necklaces.
36 hooks for your little necklaces.
6 compartments Wooden glasses, perfume, tie, and all your favorite accessories.
2 small Tote bottom of the cabinet for your small accessories.
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0.999979 |
Pralus managed to cook a previously vacuum packed foie gras terrine preserving all its flavor despite the plastic packaging, reducing weight loss during cooking from nearly 50% to only 5%. This opened up a new field in gastronomic research, leading to the development of the vacuum cooking technique.
The Catalan chefs Joan Roca and Narcís Caner have played a leading role in this new trend with their Roner, a piece of cooking equipment that controls the low temperature vacuum cooking method used in professional kitchens.
There is a difference between vacuum packed cooked food, in which products are cooked using traditional methods before being packaged under vacuum, and vacuum cooking, which is the technique of cooking raw food that has been previously vacuum packed.
The method consists of applying heat (either by steaming or in a water bath, known as bain marie, but never in the oven) to a product that has first been packed and hermetically sealed by sucking out all the air. The food is cooked at a lower temperature, under 100ºC / 212ºF, and for longer than traditional cooking methods.
In some cases, either for culinary or presentation reasons, the food may be seared on a hot griddle before packaging to get a golden color. The cooked product must be cooled rapidly, using a steamer, a convection oven or a microwave.
Basically it is a water bath (bain marie) controlled by a thermostat and with a system of circulation that ensures the cooking water is kept at an even temperature. It enables a constant temperature of between 5º and 100º C / 41º and 212ºF to be reached and exactly maintained, which is very important for this technique to be successful, as the temperature must be identical in all parts of the food.
What are the advantages of vacuum cooking?
The vacuum cooking technique can be used for any food product, which is cooked in a hermetically sealed environment and in its own juices, which preserves its natural flavor. It also greatly reduces loss of weight and volume, helps to keep aromas fresh and lengthens the shelf life of the food, which can be kept for between 6 and 21 days. This has many logistical advantages (storage, simplified service, planning) as food can be prepared several days before serving.
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0.947234 |
What does it mean that my 16 year old cat just thrown up 3 days in a row after eating wet food? There are no fur balls.
We ll it could mean that he is eating too quickly or too much, especially if he is not used to wet food. Try giving him smaller amounts mixed with some dry food.
If the symptoms continue after you try this for a few days then take him to the vets.
I sure cure is just to put a golf ball right smack in the middle of the food.
I know it sounds crazy but it worked like a charm for my cat. When we first got her she had a horrendus appatite and did exactly what your talking about. I put that golf ball in and her throwing up stopped IMMEDIATELY.I'm not saying she was a real happy cat about it but it did slow her down. Now we don't even use the ball.
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The University of Girona was created in 1446 by Alphonse the Magnanimous.
The University of Girona (UdG) is a public institution of higher education that seeks excellence in teaching and research, and participates in the progress and development of society through the creation, transmission, dissemination and critique of science, The technique, the humanities, the social sciences and the arts.
The University of Girona is rooted in the country and the Catalan culture and is one of the main economic and cultural engines of its environment. At the same time, it expresses the vocation of universality and openness to all traditions, advances and cultures.
The University is based in the city of Girona and is part of the Catalan public university system.
The University of Girona is heir to the so-called Estudi General, created in 1446 by King Alfonso the Magnanimous, who granted Girona the privilege of granting degrees of grammar, rhetoric, philosophy and theology, law and medicine. The initiative arose from the municipal trustees and the church, but the classes did not officially begin until 1572, in the environment of what is now known as the building Les Àligues, built expressly as a university seat. University studies were extended with a remarkable prestige until 1717, when the University was closed following the new plant decree, which led to the loss of the political institutions of Catalonia.
The University of Girona is heir to the so-called Estudi General, created in 1446 by King Alfonso the Magnanimous.
Throughout the nineteenth century, and as a result of the liberal revolution, the city council promoted the so-called Free University of Girona, which offered Law and Pharmacy studies up to 1874.
The recent history of the University of Girona has as references the Normal School of Teachers and, in a special way, the initiatives that are carried out in the sixties of the twentieth century to re-establish university studies in Girona. The University College of Girona and the higher Polytechnic School are created, which depend, respectively, on the UAB and the UPC.
Subsequently, the Estudi General, which houses studies of Humanities, Business, Science and Social Sciences, is recovered. Finally, in 1991, a decree of the Catalan government created the new University of Girona, with contributions from the various university cultures, which make Girona a multidisciplinary reference point.
The University of Girona is rooted in the city, where it has three differentiated campuses (Montilivi, Barri Vell and Centre). The new construction campus of Montilivi is made up of unique buildings in an open space, the campus of the Barri Vell characterized by the rehabilitation of historic buildings, is part of the historical patrimony of the city.
In the middle of the shopping centre of Girona we find the Mercadal building, home of the UdG Foundation: Innovation and training.
A new area of development of the University is the one that occupies the Scientific and Technological Park, in the area of the Creueta.
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0.998762 |
Motion and potential energy graphs: potential energy versus position graph at that point. In contrast to gravity, where the force is the same at every position, for a spring the force sometimes points-15-10-5 0 5 10 15-1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 Vertical position (m) 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2-0.15 -0.1 -0.05 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 Position (m) to the right (for negative values of x�compressions) and... To find the average velocity of an object, divide the change in its position by the time the movement took, and state its direction. For example, if a car is driving north and in one hour's time it travels 30 miles, its velocity is 30 miles per hour, north.
EXERCISE: Working with Position, Velocity, and Acceleration Graphs In this exercise, you are given a graph of velocity of a cart versus time (shown below) and you will need to calculate graphs of displacement and acceleration versus time.
Calculating velocity. Velocity is the distance an object has moved in a particular direction within a specified time interval. If the object returns to its starting position then the velocity is zero.
5/05/2017�� First find the Force acting on the body as a function of x. then try to reach till velocity. you will get velocity as a function of displacement.(Try to do it) Second method from work energy theorem Net Work done on a body=change in kinetic energy of the body.
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Clarify the situation: We explore the issue at hand, find all relevant data that will help us make sense of it and figure out the most effective path to take to resolve it.
Generate ideas: We come up with and select the best new ideas for making a change that best addresses the situation.
Develop solutions: We tinker with those ideas till they are perfect, then break and rebuild them, and then polish them till they shine.
Implement the solution: We put ideas into action by: gaining acceptance of the solution, helping people manage change and adapting solutions as needed.
This process can happen very quickly or deliberately, and in or out of sequence. It can be done in groups or independently. These simple strategies for using the creative process can help keep you on track toward breakthrough success.
1. Stop and think before you start. Self-awareness is a fundamental trait of successful leaders and teams. Once you know your limits, you know where you’ll need to bend, where you’ll need to ask for help, and where you’ll be fine on your own. Thinking about how you get things done, reflecting on the ways your team may work together, will help you be clear about direction and limit the amount of fires you have to put out along the way. This is not “touchy feely” talk. It’s serious work that will save you tons of time on the road ahead.
2. Embrace diversity. Knowing how to leverage diversity is a powerful skill. Here we are talking about diversity of thought -- leveraging different ways of thinking. Recognizing where you (and your team) are strong, and where you aren’t, is critical. If you know you are not adept at one part of the creative process, seek others who are. Bounce thoughts off them and listen to the new directions their different thinking can provide. Challenge yourself to be open to other’s perspectives.
3. Beware of love at first sight. If you find yourself enamored with a particular direction or idea – great, but watch out. You may be onto something, or you may be not exploring things carefully enough. Take the time you need to be sure the direction you are heading fits the need, the idea you have is well thought-out and you’re prepared to manage the change effectively.
4. Take one step at a time. Skipping stages can lead to serious problems - like focusing on the wrong issue, or implementing a half-baked solution. We all have preferences for different parts of the process that may lead us to unconsciously gloss-over or completely skip essential steps that would make an innovative idea a reality. Notice where you are in the process and where you need to go next – be deliberate.
5. Know when to move on. When we enjoy a part of the process, we tend to linger in that stage. Witness the guy who spouts a new idea every five minutes, or the gal who keeps asking, “How will this work?” People who apply the process effectively know when their preferences are getting the best of them and are able to shift direction. So don’t obsess over endless possibilities or clarifying details. Be sure that you’ve done a thorough job, you are still on target, and then move on.
Innovation is more than just coming up with a new idea. Instead, it’s a process with many components and many players. Any idea, no matter how world-changing, can die in committee or, worse still, after implementation, without attention to all four steps of the creative process. Paying attention to targeting the right issues, developing solutions thoughtfully, and then implementing them with both sensitivity and determination will help you turn that creative spark into a true breakthrough innovation. Knowing the process is like having a good map, now it’s up to you to drive innovation home.
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Do other authorities agree with Ramban that "There are no mitzvot in" Sefer Bamidbar "that are customary for generations" for Israelites (except perhaps for Levites and Priests)?
In Regards to Sefer Bamidbar, Ramban wrote ( in https://www.sefaria.org/Numbers.1.1?lang=bi&with=Ramban&lang2=bi ) " ואין בספר הזה מצוות נוהגות לדורות, זולתי קצת מצוות בעניני הקרבנות שהתחיל בהן בספר הכהנים, " (Translation: "There are no mitzvot in this book that are customary for generations, except for a few mitzvot concerning the sacrifices that were instituted in the book of the Kohanim").
Any Agreements, why? Any Disagreements, why?
I ask this, in part, because of the 57 Commandments (from the 613 Commandments [here quoted from Maimonides]) listed in Sefer Bamidbar, one can see quite a few that appears to be applicable for generations for any average Jew.
It's not entirely clear what the Ramban means with this statement. There are few problems with it.
One is the Ramban agrees with the Rambam's list of the 613 mitzvos, with only 25 exceptions (see here, although the only answer so far only lists the ones Ramban added, not the ones he took away). Most if not all the mitzvos you listed the Ramban agrees with.
Second, as Rav Chaim Palagi points out in his sefer UBacharta BaChaim, many of the mitzvos you listed have nothing to do with korbonos. He lists vidui (although it originates with korbonos, it applies to non temple settings as well), birkas kohanim (also used to be in the temple but applies outside the temple), challah, tzitzis, lo sasuru, pidyon bechor, inheritance laws, shofar, nedarim as examples. He proposes amending the words of Ramban to read: ואין בספר הזה מצוות נוהגות לדורות, זולתי קצת מצוות ובעניני הקרבנות, adding a vav to mean: "There are no mitzvos in this book that apply for all times, except a few mitzvos, and some ideas about korbonos". However he feels this to be an unlikely solution, and leaves the question unresolved.
Essentially it's questionable if the Ramban literally means that there aren't non temple mitzvos in Sefer Bamidbar that apply for all times. Due to the numerous examples listed above, I find it unlikely if anyone would agree to that statement.
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0.952191 |
When is Interest Rate Not as Important in Selecting a Loan?
A loan can have a fixed interest rate or a floating interest rate. If the loan has a fixed interest rate, the interest rate remains constant for the duration of the loan. If the loan has a floating interest rate, also called a variable interest rate, then the interest rate fluctuates over the duration of the loan. Floating rates typically fluctuate with the overall market, with an underlying index, or with the prime rate.
Fixed interest rates and floating interest rates can apply to any type of debt or loan agreement. This includes monetary loans, credit card bills, mortgages, auto loans, and corporate bonds. Fixed rates and floating rates can also apply to financial derivative instruments.
The primary advantage of a fixed interest rate loan is the elimination of uncertainty. Once the loan agreement is finalized, the value of the future interest payments is known.
A fixed interest rate can also be advantageous to the borrower (disadvantageous to the lender) if the market rates rise above the fixed rate, giving the borrower implicit gains (and the lender implicit losses). A fixed rate can be advantageous to the lender (disadvantageous to the borrower) if the market rates fall below the fixed rate, giving the lender implicit gains (and the borrower implicit losses).
The primary advantage of a floating interest rate is that it moves with the market rates. Of course, this can also be a disadvantage, depending on which way the market rates move and which side of the transaction the party is on.
A rise in market rates can increase the cost of the loan for the borrower and increase the interest income for the lender. Conversely, a fall in market rates can decrease the cost of the loan for the borrower and decrease the interest income for the lender.
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0.945837 |
Are sentences A, B, and C all correct? If not, which are incorrect and why? If they are all correct, does it mean that に and と can always be used interchangeably with adverbs? And that に and と aren't actually needed?
When かんかん means "furious(ly)", 明鏡国語辞典 defines it as "an adverb that takes に", デジタル大辞泉 defines it as a na-adjective, and 大辞林 defines it as an adverb. Indeed it's confusing, but at least to me, かんかん in this sense is a no-adjective, which means I feel only Sentence A is correct. You can use it as a predicate.
In uncommon situations where かんかん works as a simple onomatopoeia, it's an "adverb that optionally takes と".
Only A is correct. かんかん is adjective verb in this sentence. に is used for adjective verb, and と is used for adverb. In case of adverb, と is omissible, but に for adjective verb is always needed.
As for those three sentences, only A 'かんかんに怒る” is correct.
Grammatically, “に“ and “と“ is not interchangeable, and they have slightly different nuance.
In the sentence “かんかんに怒る“, “に“ is not a particle, but a part of the adjective verb “かんかんだ”. Any adjective verb has an unchangeable part and changeable part(だ).
When an adjective is followed by a verb, “だ“ changes into “に”.
1. 彼女はきれいに踊(おど)った。 きれい(=unchangeable)だ(=changeable). The adjective verb “きれいだ“ is followed by the verb “おどる(=dance)”. So, ”きれいだ“ changes into ”きれいに“.
私は日本語を上手(じょうず)に話す。 The adjective verb “じょうずだ” changes into “じょうずに” when followed by the verb “はなす“.
“に” can be a particle as well as a part of an adjective verb, whereas “と“ works only as a particle. That’s why you can’t say “かんかんとなる”.
An unchangeable part is called 語幹(gokan), and a changeable part is called 活用語尾(katsuyou-gobi). Every 用言(verb/adverb/adjective) has 語幹 and 活用語尾. This picture shows how an adjective verb changes depending on the following word. さわやかだ changes to さわやかに when it forms 連用形(followed by a verb). In this case, as the chart shows, there’s no option for さわやかと as an adjective verb. Also, に in さわやかに is not a postpositional particle but a part of the adjective verb. In the same way, かんかんに in the sentence A is 連用形 of the adjective verb “かんかんだ“, which is one word, and there’s no possibility that it turns to “かんかんと“ in this case.
However, かんかんと is an adverb, and it’s not かんかん(noun) + と(particle). かんかんと as an adverb is not used when referring to someone getting mad. It’s only used when referring to strong sun sunshine or making sounds as another answerer already explained.
Both かんかんに( an adjective verb / 形動) and かんかんと( an adverb/ 副 ) don’t include に or と as a postpositional particle. In this case, they are a part of completely different words (に is 活用語尾 of an adjective verb whereas と is just a part of an adverb). That’s why they are not interchangeable in this case.
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged particle-に particle-と adverbs or ask your own question.
When to use 「とにかく」 and when to use 「とりあえず」?
Is it an adverb or not?
How do adverbs denoting amounts such as たくさん and ちょっと work?
Can the declarative of だ、です、etc, be used with adverbs?
How do adverbs change when changing くれる to もらう?
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0.999925 |
How to detect which one of the defined font was used in a web page?
How can I detect which one of the defined fonts was used in the user's browser?
Edit for people wondering why I want to do this: The font I'm detecting contains glyph's that are not available in other fonts and when the user does not have the font I want to display a link asking the user to download that font so they can use my web application with the correct font.
Currently I am displaying the download font link for all users, I want to only display this for people who do not have the correct font installed.
I've seen it done in a kind of iffy, but pretty reliable way. Basically, an element is set to use a specific font and a string is set to that element. If the font set for the element does not exist, it takes the font of the parent element. So, what they do is measure the width of the rendered string. If it matches what they expected for the desired font as opposed to the derived font, it's present. This won't work for monospaced fonts.
It uses simple technique and should be correct most of the time.
@pat Actually, Safari does not give the font used, Safari instead always returns the first font in the stack regardless of whether it is installed, at least in my experience.
"my fake font" in Safari (and I believe other webkit browsers).
"my fake font, helvetica, san-serif" in Gecko browsers and IE.
"helvetica" in Opera 9, though I read that they are changing this in Opera 10 to match Gecko.
I took a pass at this problem and created Font Unstack, which tests each font in a stack and returns the first installed one only. It uses the trick that @MojoFilter mentions, but only returns the first one if multiple are installed. Though it does suffer from the weakness that @tlrobinson mentions (Windows will substitute Arial for Helvetica silently and report that Helvetica is installed), it otherwise works well.
If you need something more complete, check this out.
Then it should return helvetica if that is installed, if not, arial, and lastly, the name of the system default sans-serif font. Note that the ordering of fonts in your CSS declaration is significant.
An interesting hack you could also try is to create lots of hidden elements with lots of different fonts to try to detect which fonts are installed on a machine. I'm sure someone could make a nifty font statistics gathering page with this technique.
This function will exactly do what you want. On execution It will return the font type of the user/browser. Hope this will help.
Another solution would be to install the font automatically via @font-face which might negate the need for detection.
Of course it wouldn't solve any copyright issues, however you could always use a freeware font or even make your own font. You will need both .eot & .ttf files to work best.
Calibri is a font owned by Microsoft, and shouldn't be distributed for free. Also, requiring a user to download a specific font isn't very user-friendly.
I would suggest purchasing a license for the font and embedding it into your application.
I am using Fount. You just have to drag the Fount button to your bookmarks bar, click on it and then click on a specific text on the website. It will then show the font of that text.
You can put Adobe Blank in the font-family after the font you want to see, and then any glyphs not in that font won't be rendered.
As far as I'm aware there is no JS method to tell which glyphs in an element are being rendered by which font in the font stack for that element.
This is complicated by the fact that browsers have user settings for serif/sans-serif/monospace fonts and they also have their own hard-coded fall-back fonts that they will use if a glyph is not found in any of the fonts in a font stack. So browser may render some glyphs in a font that is not in the font stack or the user's browser font setting. Chrome Dev Tools will show you each rendered font for the glyphs in the selected element. So on your machine you can see what it's doing, but there's no way to tell what's happening on a user's machine.
It's also possible the user's system may play a part in this as e.g. Window does Font Substitution at the glyph level.
For the glyphs you are interested in, you have no way of knowing whether they will be rendered by the user's browser/system fallback, even if they don't have the font you specify.
How can I determine what font a browser is actually using to render some text?
How can you determine what font from the CSS stack is being used?
@font-face - How to check what font type the browser is using?
How to obtain the CSS font-family of installed fonts?
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0.999969 |
CJ, aka Citizen Journalism ... What is it?
CJ , aka citizen journalism, describes the way in which citizens play an active role in collecting, reporting and distributing news and information. It's a term that can be interchanged with 'user-generated content.' Like other cutting-edge terms, 'citizen journalism' is not universally accepted and has been superceded by Open Journalism.
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0.99998 |
In a session marked more by delay than by decision, the Federal Election Commission did not approve a request by the Democratic Governors Association to use soft money to fund a new group that would participate in federal get-out-the-vote efforts, a matter it put off voting on at its last meeting in August.
By forming a separate organization, the group of state governors was seeking to get around a legal ban on groups of state lawmakers from playing in federal elections with unlimited funds.
The two Democrat-appointed commissioners voted against approval, disappointing the three GOP commissioners who believed the DGA was on solid legal footing. Four votes are required to approve an advisory opinion.
The deadlocked vote came after the commissioners spent almost an hour in a bitter debate over its long-dispute over enforcement procedures, something GOP commissioners have pushed for a decision on. Chair Ellen Weintraub, a Democratic appointee, continues to block the issue from the FEC's agenda.
The partisan rancor carried into the vote on DGA's request. In a thinly veiled critique of her Democratic colleagues, a visibly annoyed Commissioner Caroline Hunter told the DGA's lawyer, Marc Elias, "People didn't work as hard as they could," to find a way to approve the DGA's request.
The Democratic Commissioners feared that the DGA's new group, called Jobs & Opportunity, would be too closely connected to the DGA itself. Federal election law restricts associations of state officials from using soft money–raised in unlimited amounts from corporations and labor unions–to influence federal elections. The DGA, whose membership includes Democratic governors, had argued that the restriction should not apply to a group established by those officials, but which did not include them as members.
The lack of approval from the FEC will not prevent DGA and its surrogate, Jobs & Opportunity, from proceeding with its plan if the group believes it is on solid legal footing.
The FEC also deadlocked on a request by Democratic Massachusetts congressional candidate Martin Long, who is running in the special election to replace Ed Markey, who filled the Senate vacancy created when John Kerry was appointed Secretary of State. Long is seeking to advertise his book, which he seeks to profit from, about gridlock in Congress through his campaign materials despite a law prohibiting candidates from using campaign resources for personal gain.
In the past, the FEC has permitted such self-promotion on campaign materials if it is "de minimis." But in Weintraub's view, the text about the book on the campaign literature distributed by the Long campaign, which took up about ten percent of its content, was "prominent." And a door hanger printed by the campaign has an image and description of the book on one of its sides, but not the other.
Finally, the commissioners did sanction one request — by the Service Employees International Union. The labor union, which solicits donations to its political action committee from its rank and file, wants its members to authorize donations on recorded phone calls. Currently, the donations are authorized in writing or electronically.
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0.999999 |
I’m writing about bad roads.
Bad roads can cause accidents. There are a lot of accidents in one year that can be fixed by just fixing roads. Most accidents happen on busy roads that are not kept up. While not as important as accidents, car sickness is still important to resolve and all it will take is to just make roads less bumpy and more safe to drive on.
In conclusion, I think that it would be important to fix our roads more often, so that they are safe and easy to drive on.
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