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ุงุญุชุงุฌ ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ุณุงุนุชูู ูุณุจุน ุฏูุงุฆู ููุตุนูุฏ ุฅูู ุฃุนูู ููุงูุช ุฃูุฏุฃ ุณุงุนุชูู ูุณุจุน ุฏูุงุฆู.
|
It took two hours and seven minutes to go up, and it was the most peaceful two hours and seven minutes.
|
ููุช ูู ู
ุนุธู
ุงูููุช ุฃุญุงูู ุงูุงุณุชุฑุฎุงุก.
|
I was mostly trying to relax.
|
ูุงู ู
ุนุฏู ูุจุถุงุช ููุจู ู
ูุฎูุถุง. ูููุช ุฃุญุงูู ุฃู ูุง ุฃุณุชุฎุฏู
ุงููุซูุฑ ู
ู ุงูุฃูุณุฌูู.
|
My heart rate was very low and I was trying not to use very much oxygen.
|
ูู
ูููู
ุฑุคูุฉ ููู ุฃู ุงูุญููู ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงูุฎูููุฉ ูุจูุฑุฉ ูุณุจูุง ูู ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฑุญูุฉุ ููู
ูููู
ุฑุคูุชู ูุฃูุง ุฃุฑุชูุน ูุฃุนูู ูุฃุนูู.
|
You can see how the fields in the background are relatively big at this point, and you can see me going up and up.
|
ู
ู ุงูู
ุซูุฑ ููุงูุชู
ุงู
ููุงุ ุฃูู ุฅุฐุง ูุธุฑุชู
ุ ูุฃูุง ู
ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ููู ุงูู
ุทุงุฑ ุ ู ุฑุจู
ุง ุนูู ุงุฑุชูุงุน 50ุ000 ูุฏู
ูุ ูุฃูุง ุญุงูุง ุนูู ูุดู ุงูุชุนุฑุถ ููุฑูุงุญ ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงูุทุจูุฉ ุงูุนููุง ุชุจูุบ ุณุฑุนุชูุง 120 ู
ููุง ูู ุงูุณุงุนุฉ.
|
It's interesting here, because if you look, I'm right over the airport, and I'm probably at 50,000 feet, but immediately I'm about to go into a stratospheric wind of over 120 miles an hour.
|
ููุฐุง ูู ู
ุฏูุฑ ุงูุฑุญูุฉ ูุฎุจุฑูู ุฃููู ูุฏ ูุตูุช ูุงุฑุชูุงุน ุฃูุซุฑ ูู
ูุจูุบู ุฃุญุฏ ู
ู ูุจู ุจุงุณุชุนู
ุงู ุงูุจุงูููุ ูุฃููู ุนูู ุจุนุฏ 4000 ูุฏู
ู
ู ู
ูุงู ุงูุฅุทูุงู.
|
This is my flight director telling me that I had just gone higher than anybody else had ever gone in a balloon, and I was about 4,000 feet from release.
|
ูุฐุง ู
ุง ูุจุฏู ุนููู ุงูุฃู
ุฑ.
|
This is what it looks like.
|
ูู
ูููู
ุฑุคูุฉ ุธูู
ุฉ ุงููุถุงุก ูุงูุญูุงุก ุงูุฃุฑุถุ ุงููููุจ ุงูุถุนูู ูู ุงูุฃุณูู.
|
You can see the darkness of space, the curvature of the Earth, the fragile planet below.
|
ุฃุชุฏุฑุจ ุนูู ุฅุฌุฑุงุกุงุช ุงูุทูุงุฑุฆ ุฏุงุฎู ุนููู ุงูุขู.
|
I'm practicing my emergency procedures mentally right now.
|
ุฅุฐ ุญุฏุซ ุดูุก ุจุทุฑููุฉู ุฎุงุทุฆุฉ ุฃูุฏ ุฃู ุฃููู ุฌุงูุฒุง.
|
If anything goes wrong, I want to be ready.
|
ูุงูุฃู
ุฑ ุงูู
ูู
ุงูุฐู ุฃูุฏ ุงูููุงู
ุจู ููุง ูู ุงูุญุตูู ุนูู ุญุฑูุชู ูุงูุณููุท ูุงูุญูุงุธ ุนูู ูุฏูุฆู ูุฑุจุงุทุฉ ุฌุฃุดู.
|
And the main thing that I want to do here is to have a release and fall and stay completely stable.
|
ุงูู
ุฑุงูุจุฉ ุงูุฃุฑุถูุฉ: ูู ุงูุฌู
ูุนู ู
ูุณุชุนุฏููุ
|
Ground control. Everyone ready?
|
ุฎู
ุณุฉุ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉุ ุซูุงุซุฉุ ุงุซูุงูุ ูุงุญุฏ.
|
Five. Four. Three. Two. One.
|
ุฃูุงู ุฃูุณุชุงุณ: ูุฐุง ูู ุงูุจุงููู ูุตุนุฏุ ููุฏ ุงูุชูุฎ ูููุง ูู ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฑุญูุฉ.
|
Alan Eustace: There's the balloon going by, fully inflated at this point.
|
ูููุงู ูู
ูููู
ุฑุคูุฉ ู
ุฑุณุงุฉ ุงูู
ุธูุฉ ูุงูุชู ุณุฃููู
ุจุนุฑุถูุง ูุดุฑุญูุง ุฎูุงู ูุญุธุงุชุ ูุฃู ุฐูู ู
ูู
ููุบุงูุฉ.
|
And there you can see a drogue parachute, which I'll demonstrate in just a second, because that's really important.
|
ูุฐุง ูู ุงูุจุงููู ูุตุนุฏ ู
ุฑุฉ ุซุงููุฉู.
|
There's the balloon going by a second time.
|
ูุญุงููุงุ ุฃูุง ุนูู ูุดู ุจููุบ ุณุฑุนุฉ ุงูุตูุช.
|
Right now, I'm about at the speed of sound.
|
ูุง ููุฌุฏ ุดูุก ุขุฎุฑ ูุฃููููุ ุฅููุง ุณุฑุนุฉ ุงูุตูุชุ ููุฑูุจุง ุณุฃููู ูู ุงููุงูุน ุณุฑูุนุง ุฃูุซุฑ ู
ู ุฃู ููุช ู
ุถูุ 822 ู
ูู ูู ุงูุณุงุนุฉ.
|
There's nothing for me to tell it's the speed of sound, and very soon I will actually be as fast as I ever get, 822 miles an hour.
|
ุงูู
ุฑุงูุจุฉ ุงูุฃุฑุถูุฉ: ููุฏูุง ุงูุจูุงูุงุช.
|
Ground control: We lost the data.
|
ุจุงูุชุงูู ุฃูุง ุงูุขู ุฃุชุฌู ูุญู ุงูุฃุณููุ ููู
ูููู
ูู ุงูุฃุณุงุณ ุฑุคูุฉ ุงูู
ุธูุฉ ุชุฎุฑุฌ ู
ู ููุงู.
|
AE: So now I'm down low right now and you can basically see the parachute come out right there.
|
ูู ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฑุญูุฉุ ุฃุดุนุฑ ุจุงูุณุนุงุฏุฉ ูุฎุฑูุฌ ุงูู
ุธูุฉ.
|
At this point, I'm very happy that there's a parachute out.
|
ุงุนุชูุฏุช ุฃููู ุงููุญูุฏ ุงูุณุนูุฏ ููุงุ ููููู ุชุจูู ุฃู ุฃุนุถุงุก ู
ุฑุงูุจุฉ ุงูู
ูู
ุฉ ุฃูุถุง ูุงูู ุณุนุฏุงุกู ุฌุฏุง.
|
I thought I was the only one happy, but it turns out mission control was really happy as well.
|
ุงูุดูุก ุงูุธุฑูู ุญูุง ุญูู ูุฐุง ูู ุนูุฏู
ุง ูู
ุช ุจูุชุญ ุงูู
ุธูุฉ -- ูุงู ู
ุนู ูุงุญุฏู ู
ู ุฃุตุฏูุงุฆู ุงูู
ูุฑุจููุ ุจูููููุฒุ ุฒู
ููู ูู ุงูููุฒู.
|
The really nice thing about this is the moment I opened -- I had a close of friend of mine, Blikkies, my parachute guy.
|
ุทุงุฑ ุนูู ู
ุชู ุทุงุฆุฑุฉู ุขุฎุฑู ุซู
ูู ุงููุงูุน ููุฒ ู
ููุง ูุญุท ุนูู ุงูุฃุฑุถ ุจุฌูุงุฑู.
|
He flew in another airplane, and he actually jumped out and landed right next to me.
|
ููุงู ูุฌูุงุญูู ุฃุซูุงุก ูุจูุทู.
|
He was my wingman on the descent.
|
ููุฐุง ูุงู ูุจูุทู ุนูู ุงูุฃุฑุถ ูููู ู
ู ุงูุฃูุณุจ ุฃู ูููู ุนูู ุฃูู ูุงู ุญุงุฏุซูุง ุชุญุทู
ููุง ุชูุฑูุจุง.
|
This is my landing, but it's probably more properly called a crash.
|
ุฃูุฑู ุงูุงุนุชุฑุงู ุจุฐููุ ูููู ูู
ููู ูุฐุง ูุฑูุจุง ู
ู ุฃุณูุก ูุจูุทู ูู ููู ููููุง.
|
I hate to admit it, but this wasn't even close to my worst landing.
|
ู
ุฑุญุจุง !
|
AE: Hi there!
|
ู
ุฑุญู.
|
Yay.
|
ุฅุฐู ุฃูุฏ ุฅุทูุงุนูู
ุนูู ุดูุกู ูุงุญุฏู ุฑุจู
ุง ูู
ุชุดุงูุฏูู ูู ุงูููุฏููุ ูููู ู
ู ุฃูุซุฑ ุงูุฃู
ูุฑ ุงูุญุฑุฌุฉ ูู ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ููู ู ูู ุงูุชุญุฑุฑ ูู
ุง ูุญุฏุซ ู
ุจุงุดุฑุฉู ุจุนุฏู.
|
So I want to tell you one thing that you might not have seen in that video, but one of the most critical parts of the entire thing was the release and what happens right after you release.
|
ูู
ุง ุฃุฑุฏูุง ุชุฌุฑุจุชู ูู ุงุณุชุนู
ุงู ุดูุก ูุฏุนู ู
ุฑุณุงุฉ ู
ุธูุฉุ ููุฏ ูุงูุช ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉู ูุญูุธ ุชูุงุฒูู.
|
And what we tried to do was use something called a drogue parachute, and a drogue parachute was there to stabilize me.
|
ูุณุฃููู
ุจุนุฑุถ ูุงุญุฏ ู
ููู
ุญุงูุง.
|
And I'll show you one of those right now.
|
ุฅุฐุง ูุงู
ุฃู ูุงุญุฏ ู
ููู
ุจุชุฌุฑุจุฉ ุงูููุฒ ุงูู
ุธูู ุงูุญุฑุ ูุฅูู ุฑุจู
ุง ุงุณุชุฎุฏู
ุช ูุงุญุฏูุง ู
ููุง.
|
If any of you have ever gone tandem skydiving, you probably used one of these.
|
ูููู ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ู
ุน ูุงุชู ุงูุฃุดูุงุกุ ูู ุนูุฏ ุชุญุฑุฑูุ ูุฅูู ูู ู
ูุงู ู
ูุนุฏู
ุงูุฌุงุฐุจูุฉ.
|
But the problem with one of these things is right when you release, you're in zero gravity.
|
ุจุงูุชุงูู ูุฅูู ู
ู ุงูุณูู ุฃู ุชูุชูู ุจู.
|
So it's very easy for this to just turn right around you.
|
ููุจู ุฃู ุชุฏุฑู ุงูุฃู
ุฑุ ููุฏ ุชุตุจุญ ู
ุชุดุงุจูุง ุฃู ุชูุชู ุญูู ููุณูุ ุฃู ุฃู ุชุชุญุฑุฑ ู
ู ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฑุณุงุฉ ุจุนุฏ ููุงุช ุงูุฃูุงูุ ูู ุฃู ู
ู ูุฐู ุงูุญุงูุงุชุูุฅู ู
ุง ูุญุฏุซ ูู ุฃูู ุชูุฒู ุจุณุฑุนุฉ 800 ู
ูู ูุณ ุงูุณุงุนุฉุ ูุณูููู
ูุฐุง ุงูุดูุก ุจุชุฏู
ูุฑ ููุณู ููู ูููู ู
ููุฏุง.
|
And before you know it, you can be tangled up or spinning, or you can release this drogue late, in which case what happens is you're going down at 800 miles an hour, and this thing is going to destroy itself and not be very useful.
|
ููู ุทุฑุฃุช ุนูู ุฃุนุถุงุก ูููุงูุชุฏ ุจุงุฑุงุดูุช ุชููููุงูุฌูุฒ ูุฐู ุงูููุฑุฉุ ููุงูุช ู
ุฌุฑุฏ ุงุฃุณุทูุงูุฉ ุชุดุจู ูุฐูุ ูููู ุดุงูุฏูุง ู
ุงุฐุง ูุญุฏุซ ุนูุฏู
ุง ุฃููู
ุจุฌุฐุจูุง ููุฐุง.
|
But the guys at United Parachute Technologies came up with this idea, and it was a roll that looks like that, but watch what happens when I pull it out.
|
ุชููู
ุจุฃุฎุฐ ุดููู ูุดุจู ุงูุฃูุจูุจ.
|
It's forming a pipe.
|
ูุฐุง ุงูุฃูุจูุจ ุตูุจู ุฌุฏุงุ ู
ู
ุง ููู
ููู ู
ู ุฃุฎุฐ ุงูู
ุฑุณุงุฉ ููููุง ุญููููุ ูู
ู ุงูู
ุณุชุญูู ุฃู ููุชู ุญููู.
|
This pipe is so solid that you can take this drogue parachute and wrap it around, and there's no way it will ever tangle with you.
|
ููุฏ ุญุงู ุฐูู ุฏูู ูููุน ู
ุดููุฉ ุฎุทุฑุฉ ูู
ูุญุชู
ูุฉ.
|
And that prevented a very serious potential problem.
|
ุจุงูุชุงูู ูุง ููุฌุฏ ุดูุก ู
ุณุชุญูู ุจูุฌูุฏ ูุฑูู ุนู
ู ุฑุงุฆุนู.
|
So nothing is possible without an amazing team of people.
|
ูุงู ุงููุฑูู ูุชููู ู
ู ุญูุงูู 20 ุดุฎุตุง ุงูุฐูู ุนู
ููุง ุนูู ูุฐุง ูู
ุฏุฉ 3 ุณููุงุชุ ููุฏ ูุงููุง ู
ุฐูููู.
|
The core of this was about 20 people that worked on this for the three years, and they were incredible.
|
ุณุฃููู ุงููุงุณ ุนู ุงูุฌุฒุก ุงูู
ูุถู ูุฏู ู
ู ูู ูุฐุงุ ููุฏ ูุงูุช ุงููุฑุตุฉ ุงูุชู ุฃูุชูุญุช ูู ููุนู
ู ู
ุน ุฃูุถู ุงูุฎุจุฑุงุก ูู ู
ุฌุงู ุงูุฑุตุฏ ุงูุฌูู ูุฑููุจ ุงูู
ูุทุงุฏ ูุชูููุงุช ุงููุจูุท ุจุงูู
ุธูุฉ ูุงููุธุงู
ุงูุจูุฆู ู ุฃุทุจุงุก ุฐูู ููุงุกุฉ ุนุงููุฉ.
|
People asked me what the best part of this whole thing was, and it was a chance to work with the best experts in meteorology and ballooning and parachute technology and environmental systems and high altitude medicine.
|
ูุงู ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ู
ุฐููุง. ุฅูู ุญูู
ุงูู
ููุฏุณ ุจุฃู ูุนู
ู ู
ุน ูุฐู ุงูููุงุกุงุช.
|
It was fantastic. It's an engineer's dream to work with that group of people.
|
ูู
ุง ุฃููู ุฃุฑูุฏ ูู ููุณ ุงูููุช ุฃู ุฃุดูุฑ ุฃุตุฏูุงุฆู ูู ุดุฑูุฉ ุฌูุฌูุ ู
ู ุฃุฌู ุฏุนู
ู ุทููุฉ ูุฐุง ุงูุนู
ู ูุฃูุถุง ู
ู ุฃุฌู ุชุบุทูุฉ ู
ูุงูู ุนูุฏู
ุง ููุชู ุจุนูุฏุง.
|
And I also at the same time wanted to thank my friends at Google, both for supporting me during this effort and also covering for me in the times that I was away.
|
ูููู ุชูุฌุฏ ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ุขุฎุฑู ุฃูุฏูู ุดููุฑูุง ููู ุนุงุฆูุชู.
|
But there's one other group I wanted to thank, and that's my family.
|
ู
ุฑุญู.
|
Yay.
|
ุฃูุฏ ุฃู ุฃููู ุนูููู
ุจุงุณุชู
ุฑุงุฑ ุฌู
ูุฉู ู
ู ุงูุฎุทุงุจุงุช ุงูุชู ุชุชุนูู ุจุงูุณูุงู
ุฉุ ูููููู
ูุงููุง ูุง ูุนูุฑูููู ุงูุชู
ุงู
ูู
.
|
I would constantly give them speeches about the safety of technology, and they weren't hearing any of it.
|
ูุงู ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ุตุนุจุง ุฌุฏุง ุนูููู
ุ ูุงูุณุจุจ ุงููุญูุฏ ูุฑุงุก ุชุบุงุถู ุฒูุฌุชู ุนู ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ูู ุฃููู ุฃุนูุฏ ุณุนูุฏุง ุจุดููู ูุง ูุตุฏู ุจุนุฏ ูู ู
ู 250 ุงุฎุชุจุงุฑุง ุฃุฌุฑูุชูุงุ ููู
ุชูู ุชุฑูุฏ ุฃู ุชุณูุจูุง ู
ูู.
|
It was super hard on them, and the only reason that my wife put up with it was because I came back incredibly happy after each of the 250 tests, and she didn't want to take that away from me.
|
ุซู
ุฃูุฏู ุฃู ุฃุฎุชู
ุจูุฐู ุงููุตุฉ.
|
So I want to close with a story.
|
ููุช ุฃูุง ูุงุจูุชู ูุงุชููู ุงูุจุงูุบุฉ ู
ู ุงูุนู
ุฑ 15 ุณูุฉ ูู ุงูุณูุงุฑุฉุ ููุง ูููุฏ ุนูู ุงูุทุฑูู ููุงูุช ุฌุงูุณุฉู ููุงูุ ูุฎุงูุฌุชูุง ููุฑุฉูุ ููุงูุช: "ุฃุจูุ ููุฏ ุฌุงุฆุชูู ููุฑุฉู."
|
My daughter Katelyn, my 15-year-old, she and I were in the car, and we were driving down the road, and she was sitting there, and she had this idea, and she goes, "Dad, I've got this idea."
|
ูุงุณุชู
ุนุช ูููุฑุชูุง ุซู
ููุชู: "ูุงุชูููุ ูุฐุง ู
ุณุชุญููู."
|
And so I listened to her idea and I said, "Katelyn, that's impossible."
|
ูุชุทููุนุช ุฅูู ูุฌูู ูุฐูุจุช ูุงุฆูุฉู: " ุฃุจูุ ุจุนุฏ ูููู ู
ุง ููู
ุช ุจููุ ููู ูู
ููู ุฃู ุชุฏูุนู ุฃู ุฃููู ุดูุกู ู
ุณุชุญูููุ"
|
And she looks at me and she goes, "Dad, after what you just did, how can you call anything impossible?"
|
ูุถุญูุชู ูุฃุฌุจุชููุง: " ุญุณูุงุ ุฅููู ู
ู
ููููุ ููู ุตุนุจู ููุบุงูุฉู ููุท."
|
And I laughed, and I said, "OK, it's not impossible, it's just very, very hard."
|
ูุนูุฏูุง ุณูุชุชูู ูุซุงููุฉู ูุชุฏุงุฑูุชู ุงูููุงู
: " ูุงุชูููุ ูุฏ ูุง ูููู ุงูุฃู
ุฑู ู
ุณุชุญููุงุ ูุฏ ูุง ูููู ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ุตุนุจุง ููุบุงูุฉูุ ูู ู
ุง ูู ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ุฃููู ูุง ุฃุนุฑูู ููู ุฃููู
ู ุจุฐูู."
|
And then I paused for a second, and I said, "Katelyn, it may not be impossible, it may not even be very, very hard, it's just that I don't know how to do it."
|
ุดูุฑุง ููู
.
|
Thank you.
|
ุฃูุง ููุง ูุฃุฎุจุฑูู
ุนู ุงูุจุญุซ ุงูุญูููู ุนู ุงูุญูุงุฉ ุงููุถุงุฆูุฉ
|
I'm here to tell you about the real search for alien life.
|
ูุง ุนู ุงูู
ุฎูููุงุช ุงูุฎุถุฑุงุก ุงูุตุบูุฑุฉ ุงูุชู ุชุตู ูู ุฃุทุจุงู ูุถุงุฆูุฉ ูุงู
ุนุฉ ููุฐุง ุฃูุถุง ุณูููู ูุทููุงู
|
Not little green humanoids arriving in shiny UFOs, although that would be nice.
|
ูููู ุจุญุซ ุนู ููุงูุจ ุชุฏูุฑ ุญูู ูุฌูู
ุจุนูุฏุฉ
|
But it's the search for planets orbiting stars far away.
|
ูู ูุฌู
ูู ุณู
ุงุฆูุง ูู ุดู
ุณ
|
Every star in our sky is a sun.
|
ูุฅุฐุง ูุงู ูุดู
ุณูุง ููุงูุจ ุนุทุงุฑุฏ ูุงูุฒูุฑุฉ ูุงูุฃุฑุถ ูุงูู
ุฑููุฎ, ุฅูุฎ... ุญุชู
ุง ุณูููู ููุฐู ุงููุฌูู
ููุงูุจ ุฃูุถุงู ููุฐุง ุตุญูุญ
|
And if our sun has planets -- Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, etc., surely those other stars should have planets also, and they do.
|
ููู ุงูุนูุฏูู ุงูุฃุฎูุฑูู ููุฏ ูุฌุฏ ุนูู
ุงุก ุงูููู ุงูุขูุงู ู
ู ุงูููุงูุจ ุงูุฎุงุฑุฌูุฉ
|
And in the last two decades, astronomers have found thousands of exoplanets.
|
ูุนูุงู ุณู
ุงุคูุง ุชุนุฌ ูููุง ุจุงูููุงูุจ ุงูุฎุงุฑุฌูุฉ
|
Our night sky is literally teeming with exoplanets.
|
ููุญู ูุนูู
ุ ู
ู ุงููุงุญูุฉ ุงูุงุญุตุงุฆูุฉ ุฃู ูู ูุฌู
ูู ุนูู ุงูุฃูู ูููุจ ูุงุญุฏ
|
We know, statistically speaking, that every star has at least one planet.
|
ูุนูุฏ ุงูุจุญุซ ุนู ููุงูุจ ูู ุงูู
ุณุชูุจู ุงูููุงูุจ ุงูุชู ุณุชููู ู
ุซู ุงูุฃุฑุถ ุณูููู ูุงุฏุฑูู ุนูู ุทุฑุญ ุจุนุถ ุงูุฃุณุฆูุฉ ุงูุฃูุซุฑ ุบุฑุงุจุฉ ูุบู
ูุถุงู ุงูุชู ูุงุฌูุช ุงูุฅูุณุงู ู
ูุฐ ูุฑูู
|
And in the search for planets, and in the future, planets that might be like Earth, we're able to help address some of the most amazing and mysterious questions that have faced humankind for centuries.
|
ูู
ุงุฐุง ูุญู ููุงุ
|
Why are we here?
|
ูู
ุงุฐุง ููุฌุฏ ูุฐุง ุงููููุ
|
Why does our universe exist?
|
ููู ุชูููุช ุงูุฃุฑุถ ูุชุทูุฑุชุ
|
How did Earth form and evolve?
|
ููู ููู
ุงุฐุง ูุดุฃุช ุงูุญูุงุฉ ูุนู
ูุฑุช ูููุจูุงุ
|
How and why did life originate and populate our planet?
|
ุงูุณุคุงู ุงูุซุงูู ุงูุฐู ุบุงูุจุง ู
ุง ููููุฑ ููู: ูู ูุญู ูุญุฏูุงุ
|
The second question that we often think about is: Are we alone?
|
ูู ุชูุฌุฏ ููุงู ุญูุงุฉุ
|
Is there life out there?
|
ู
ู ููุงูุ
|
Who is out there?
|
ูู
ุง ุชุนูู
ูู, ูุฐุง ุงูุณุคุงู ูุญูุท ุจูุง ู
ูุฐ ุขูุงู ุงูุณููู ู
ูุฐ ุฒู
ู ุงูููุงุณูุฉ ุงูุฅุบุฑูู ุนูู ุงูุฃููู
|
You know, this question has been around for thousands of years, since at least the time of the Greek philosophers.
|
ูููู ุฃูุง ููุง ูุฃุฎุจุฑูู
ููุท, ูู
ุงูุชุฑุจูุง ู
ู ุงูุฅุฌุงุจุฉ ุนูู ูุฐุง ุงูุณุคุงู
|
But I'm here to tell you just how close we're getting to finding out the answer to this question.
|
ุฅููุง ุฃูู ู
ุฑุฉ ูู ุชุงุฑูุฎ ุงูุฅูุณุงู ุญูุซ ุฃู ูุฐุง ุญูุง ูู ู
ุชูุงูููุง
|
It's the first time in human history that this really is within reach for us.
|
ุงูุขู, ุญููู
ุง ุฃููุฑ ูู ุงุญุชู
ุงูุงุช ูุฌูุฏ ุงูุญูุงู ููุงู ุฃููุฑ ูู ุญูููุฉ ุฃู ุดู
ุณูุง ููุณุช ุฅูุง ูุงุญุฏุฉ ู
ู ุงููุซูุฑ ู
ู ุงููุฌูู
|
Now when I think about the possibilities for life out there, I think of the fact that our sun is but one of many stars.
|
ูุฐู ุตูุฑุฉ ุญููููุฉ ูู
ุฌุฑุฉ ูุญู ูุนุชูุฏ ุฃู ู
ุฌุฑุฉ ุฏุฑุจ ุงูุชุจุงูุฉ ู
ุซู ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฌุฑุฉ
|
This is a photograph of a real galaxy, we think our Milky Way looks like this galaxy.
|
ุฅููุง ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ู
ู ุงููุฌูู
ุงูู
ุชุฑุงุจุทุฉ
|
It's a collection of bound stars.
|
ููู ุดู
ุณูุง ูู ูุงุญุฏุฉ ู
ู ู
ุฆุงุช ู
ููุงุฑุงุช ุงููุฌูู
ูู
ุฌุฑุชูุง ูู ูุงุญุฏุฉ ู
ู ุฃูุซุฑ ู
ู ู
ุฆุงุช ู
ููุงุฑุงุช ุงูู
ุฌุฑุงุช
|
But our [sun] is one of hundreds of billions of stars and our galaxy is one of upwards of hundreds of billions of galaxies.
|
ู
ุน ุงูุนูู
ุฃู ูุฐู ุงูููุงูุจ ุงูุตุบูุฑุฉ ู
ุชุดุงุจูุฉ ุฌุฏุง ุจูุฏุฑ ุจุณูุท ู
ู ุงูุฑูุงุถูุงุช
|
Knowing that small planets are very common, you can just do the math.
|
ูููุงู ุงููุซูุฑ ู
ู ุงููุฌูู
ูุงููุซูุฑ ู
ู ุงูููุงูุจ ููุงูุ ูู
ู ุงูู
ุคูุฏ ุฃู ุชููู ููุงู ุญูุงุฉ ูู ู
ูุงู ู
ุง ููุงู.
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And there are just so many stars and so many planets out there, that surely, there must be life somewhere out there.
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ุญุณูุงุ ูุฅู ุนูู
ุงุก ุงูุฃุญูุงุก ุณูุบุถุจูู ู
ูู ูููู ุฐููุ ูุฃูู ููุณ ูุฏููุง ุนูู ุงูุฅุทูุงู ุฃู ุฏููู ุนูู ุงูุญูุงุฉ ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงูุฃุฑุถ ุญุชู ุงูุขู.
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Well, the biologists get furious with me for saying that, because we have absolutely no evidence for life beyond Earth yet.
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ุญุณูุง, ุฅุฐุง ููุง ูุงุฏุฑูู ุนูู ุฑุคูุฉ ู
ุฌุฑุชูุง ู
ู ุงูุฎุงุฑุฌ ุซู
ุชูุจูุฑุงูู
ุดูุฏ ูุญู ุดู
ุณูุง ุณูุฑู ุฎุฑูุทุฉ ุญููููุฉ ูููุฌูู
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Well, if we were able to look at our galaxy from the outside and zoom in to where our sun is, we see a real map of the stars.
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ูุงููุฌูู
ุงูุจุงุฑุฒุฉ ูู ุชูู ุงูุชู ููุง ููุงูุจ ุฎุงุฑุฌูุฉ ู
ุนุฑููุฉ
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And the highlighted stars are those with known exoplanets.
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ุฅููุง ููุท ุงูุฌุฒุก ุงูุจุงุฑุฒ ู
ู ุงูุฌุจู ุงูุฌููุฏู
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This is really just the tip of the iceberg.
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ููุง, ูู ูุฐุง ุงูุนุฑุถ ููุจุฑ ูุญู ุงููุธุงู
ุงูุดู
ุณู
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Here, this animation is zooming in onto our solar system.
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ูููุง ุณุชุฑู ุงูููุงูุจ ููุฐูู ุจุนุถ ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ุงููุถุงุฆูุฉ ุงูุชู ุชุฏูุฑ ุฃูุถุง ุญูู ุดู
ุณูุง
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And you'll see here the planets as well as some spacecraft that are also orbiting our sun.
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ุงูุขู, ุฅุฐุง ุชุฎูููุง ุงูุชูุฌู ุฅูู ุงูุณุงุญู ุงูุบุฑุจู ูุฃู
ุฑููุง ุงูุดู
ุงููุฉ ูุงููุธุฑ ุนุจุฑ ุงูุณู
ุงุก ูููุงู ูุฐุง ู
ุง ุณูุฑุงู ูู ูููุฉ ู
ู ูุตู ุงูุฑุจูุน
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Now if we can imagine going to the West Coast of North America, and looking out at the night sky, here's what we'd see on a spring night.
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ููู
ููู ุฃู ุชุฑู ุงูู
ุฌู
ูุนุงุช ุงููุฌู
ูุฉ ุชุฒูููุง ุซู
ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ุงููุฌูู
ู
ุน ููุงูุจูุง
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And you can see the constellations overlaid and again, so many stars with planets.
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ููุงู ุจูุนุฉ ู
ู
ูุฒุฉ ูู ุงูุณู
ุงุก ุญูุซ ูุฌุฏ ุงูุขูุงู ู
ู ุงูููุงูุจ
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There's a special patch of the sky where we have thousands of planets.
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ููุง ุญูุซ ูุฑูุฒ ุชูุณููุจ ูุจูุฑ ุงููุถุงุฆู ู
ูุฐ ุณููุงุช
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This is where the Kepler Space Telescope focused for many years.
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ูููุจูุฑ ูููุธุฑ ุฅูู ุฃุญุฏ ุงูููุงูุจ ุงูุฎุงุฑุฌูุฉ ุงูู
ูุถูุฉ
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Let's zoom in and look at one of the favorite exoplanets.
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ูุฐุง ุงููุฌู
ูุณู
ู ูุจูุฑ-186ู
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This star is called Kepler-186f.
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ุฅูู ูุธุงู
ุจุญูุงูู ุฎู
ุณุฉ ููุงูุจ
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It's a system of about five planets.
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ุจุงูู
ูุงุณุจุฉ, ุฃุบูุจ ูุฐู ุงูููุงูุจ ุงูุฎุงุฑุฌูุฉ ูุง ูุนุฑู ุนููุง ุงููุซูุฑ
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And by the way, most of these exoplanets, we don't know too much about.
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ูุนุฑู ุญุฌู
ูุง ูู
ุฏุงุฑูุง ูุฃุดูุงุก ู
ู ูุฐุง ุงููุจูู
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We know their size, and their orbit and things like that.
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ููู ููุงู ูููุจ ู
ู
ูุฒ ุงุณู
ู ูุจูุฑ- 186ู
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But there's a very special planet here called Kepler-186f.
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ุงููููุจ ููุฌุฏ ุฏุงุฎู ู
ูุทูุฉ ูุง ุชุจุนุฏ ูุซูุฑุง ุนู ุงููุฌู
ููุฐุง ูุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ูุฏ ุชููู ู
ูุงุณุจุฉ ููุญูุงุฉ
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This planet is in a zone that is not too far from the star, so that the temperature may be just right for life.
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ููุง, ูู ูู
ูุฐุฌ ุงูู
ุญุงูุงุฉ ููุฑูุจ ููุธูุฑ ููู
ููู ุณูุจุฏู ูุฐุง ุงููููุจ
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Here, the artist's conception is just zooming in and showing you what that planet might be like.
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ููุฐุง, ูุซูุฑ ู
ู ุงููุงุณ ูุฏููู
ูุฐู ุงูููุฑุฉ ุงูุฑูู
ุงูุณูุฉ ุนู ุงููููููู ุงูุฐูุงุจ ุฅูู ู
ุฑุตุฏ ูููู ูุญูุฏุง ุนูู ูู
ุฉ ุฌุจู ูุงููุธุฑ ุฅูู ุงูุณู
ุงุก ุงูู
ุฐููุฉ ูููุง ุนุจุฑ ุชูุณููุจ
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So, many people have this romantic notion of astronomers going to the telescope on a lonely mountaintop and looking at the spectacular night sky through a big telescope.
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