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21. 安全理事会关于伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯兰国(伊黎伊斯兰国)(达伊沙)、基地组织和塔利班及关联个人和实体的第 1526(2004)号和第 2253(2015)号决议所设分析支助和制裁监测组 | 21. Analytical Support and Sanctions Monitoring Team pursuant to Security Council resolutions 1526 (2004) and 2253 (2015) concerning Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) (Da’esh), Al-Qaida and the Taliban and associated individuals and entities |
22. 负责执行安全理事会第 2231(2015)号决议的政治任务 | 22. Implementation of Security Council resolution 2231 (2015) |
23. 对安全理事会第 1540(2004)号决议所设委员会的支助 | 23. Support for the Security Council Committee established pursuant to resolution 1540 (2004) |
24. 反恐怖主义委员会执行局 | 24. Counter-Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate |
25. 根据安全理事会第 2379(2017)号决议设立的调查小组 | 25. Investigative Team established pursuant to Security Council resolution 2379 (2017) |
区域办事处、支助政治进程办事处和其他政治任务 | Regional offices, offices in support of political processes and other missions |
26. 联合国黎巴嫩问题特别协调员办事处 | 26. Office of the United Nations Special Coordinator for Lebanon |
27. 联合国中东和平进程特别协调员办事处 | 27. Office of the United Nations Special Coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process |
28. 联合国阿富汗援助团 | 28. United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan |
29. 联合国伊拉克援助团 | 29. United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq |
30. 联合国索马里援助团 | 30. United Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia |
31. 联合国几内亚比绍建设和平综合办事处 | 31. United Nations Integrated Peacebuilding Office in Guinea-Bissau |
32. 联合国中部非洲区域办事处 | 32. United Nations Regional Office for Central Africa |
33. 联合国西非和萨赫勒办事处 | 33. United Nations Office for West Africa and the Sahel |
34. 联合国中亚地区预防外交中心 | 34. United Nations Regional Centre for Preventive Diplomacy for Central Asia |
35. 联合国驻非洲联盟办事处 | 35. United Nations Office to the African Union |
36. 联合国支助喀麦隆-尼日利亚混合委员会行动 | 36. United Nations support team to the Cameroon-Nigeria Mixed Commission |
37. 联合国利比亚支助团 | 37. United Nations Support Mission in Libya |
大 会 Distr.: General19 January 2016 | United Nations A/AC.109/2016/9 |
Original: English120216 120216 | 16-00740 (E) 050216 |
*1600740* | *1600740* |
给予殖民地国家和人民独立宣言执行情况特别委员会 | Special Committee on the Situation with regard to the Implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples |
关岛 | Guam |
秘书处编写的工作文件 | Working paper prepared by the Secretariat |
领土概况 ............................................................................................................................................ 3 | The Territory at a glance ................................ ......................... 3 |
一. 宪政、法律和政治问题 ................................................................................................................ 4 | I. Constitutional, legal and political issues ................................ ............ 5 |
二. 军事问题及相关问题 .................................................................................................................... 6 | II. Military and related issues ................................ ....................... 7 |
三. 土地问题 ........................................................................................................................................ 6 | III. Land issues................................ ................................ .... 8 |
四. 预算 ................................................................................................................................................ 7 | IV. Budget ................................ ................................ ....... 8 |
五. 经济 ................................................................................................................................................ 7 | V. Economy ................................ ................................ ..... 9 |
A. 概况........................................................................................................................................ 7 | A. General................................ ................................ ... 9 |
B. 旅游业.................................................................................................................................... 7 | B. Tourism ................................ ................................ . . 9 |
C. 交通和通信............................................................................................................................ 8 | C. Transport and communications ................................ ............... 9 |
D. 供水系统、环境卫生和公共事业 ........................................................................................ 8 | D. Water system, sanitation and utilities ................................ .......... 10 |
E. 农业和渔业............................................................................................................................ 9 | E. Agriculture and fisheries ................................ .................... 11 |
E. 农业和渔业............................................................................................................................ 9 | A. Labour ................................ ................................ ... 11 |
E. 农业和渔业............................................................................................................................ 9 | B. Education ................................ ................................ . 11 |
说明：本工作文件所载的资料来自公开来源，包括领土政府的公开资料以及管理国按照《联 | Note: The information contained in the present working paper has been derived from public sources, |
说明：本工作文件所载的资料来自公开来源，包括领土政府的公开资料以及管理国按照《联合国宪章》第七十三条(辰)款向秘书长递送的资料。管理国是在 2016 年 1 月 13 日递送这些资 | including those of the territorial Government, and from information transmitted to the Secretary-General by the administering Power under Article 73 e of the Charter of the United Nations. |
合国宪章》第七十三条(辰)款向秘书长递送的资料。管理国是在 2016 年 1 月 13 日递送这些资料 的 。 以 往 的 工 作 文 件 载 有 更 多 详 细 资 料 ， 可 在 以 下 网 址 查 阅 ： | Information was transmitted by the administering Power on 13 January 2016. Further details are |
料 的 。 以 往 的 工 作 文 件 载 有 更 多 详 细 资 料 ， 可 在 以 下 网 址 查 阅 ： | contained in previous working papers posted on the United Nations website |
www.un.org/en/decolonization/workingpapers.shtml。 | (www.un.org/en/decolonization/workingpapers.shtml). |
C. 保健........................................................................................................................................ 9 | C. Health care................................ ................................ 12 |
七. 环境 ................................................................................................................................................ 10 | VII. Environment ................................ ................................ . . 13 |
八. 与国际组织和伙伴的关系 ............................................................................................................ 11 | VIII. Relations with international organizations and partners................................ 14 |
九. 领土的未来地位 ............................................................................................................................ 11 | IX. Future status of the Territory ................................ ..................... 14 |
A. 领土政府的立场.................................................................................................................... 11 | A. Position of the territorial Government................................ .......... 14 |
B. 管理国的立场........................................................................................................................ 11 | B. Position of the administering Power ................................ ........... 14 |
十. 大会采取的行动 ............................................................................................................................ 12 | X. Action taken by the General Assembly ................................ ............. 14 |
领土概况 | The Territory at a glance |
领土：关岛是美利坚合众国管理的非自治领土。作为美国未并入、有组织的领土，由美国内政部岛屿事务办公室负责管理。地理：关岛是太平洋马里亚纳群岛最南端最大的岛屿，位于东京以南约 2 200 | Territory: Guam is a Non-Self-Governing Territory administered by the United States of America. As an unincorporated organized territory of the United States, it is administered by the Office of Insular Affairs of the United States Department of the Interior. |
土，由美国内政部岛屿事务办公室负责管理。地理：关岛是太平洋马里亚纳群岛最南端最大的岛屿，位于东京以南约 2 200公里、夏威夷西南偏西 6 000 公里。该领土是一个单独岛屿，由两块地质不同但面积大致相同的地区组成。岛屿的北部是珊瑚状石灰岩高地，南部为山区。阿普拉港是太平洋最大的深水港之一。 | Geography: Guam is the southernmost and largest of the Mariana Islands in the Pacific Ocean, situated about 2,200 km south of Tokyo and 6,000 km west-south-west of Hawaii. It consists of a single island comprising two distinct geologic areas of about equal size. The northern part of the island is a high coralline limestone plateau and the southern region is mountainous. Apra Harbor is one of the largest deep-water ports in the Pacific. |
土地面积：540 平方公里。 | Land area: 540 km2 |
专属经济区：214 059 平方公里。 | Exclusive economic zone: 214,059 km2 |
人口：159 358(2010 年人口普查)。 | Population: 159,358 (2010 census). |
出生时预期寿命：79.4 岁(女性：82.1 岁；男性：77.0 岁；2010 年估计数字)。 | Life expectancy at birth: 79.4 years (women: 82.1 years, men: 77.0 years (2010 estimate)). |
语言：英语和查莫罗语。 | Languages: English and Chamorro. |
族裔构成(2010 年人口普查)：查莫罗人占 37.3%；菲律宾裔占 26.3%；来自其他太平洋岛屿的人占 12%；白人占 7.1%；亚洲人占 5.9%；其他族裔占 2.0%；混血人口占 9.4%。 | Ethnic composition (2010 census): 37.3 per cent Chamorro; 26.3 per cent Filipino; 12.0 per cent other Pacific islanders; 7.1 per cent white; 5.9 per cent Asian; 2.0 per cent other ethnic origin; and 9.4 per cent mixed. |
首府：哈加特纳。 | Capital: Hagåtña. |
领土政府首长：埃迪巴扎·卡尔沃(2014 年 11 月再次当选总督)。 | Head of the territorial Government: Eddie Baza Calvo (re-elected Governor in November 2014). |
领土出席美国国会代表：Madeleine Z.Bordallo(2014 年连任)。 | Territory’s delegate to the United States Congress: Madeleine Z. Bordallo (re-elected in 2014). |
主要政党：民主党和共和党。 | Main political parties: Democratic and Republican Parties. |
选举：最近一次选举是 2014 年；下一次选举是 2016 年 9 月。立法机构：一院制立法机构，共有 15 名成员。关岛政府由当地选举产生，包 | Elections: Most recent: 2014; next: September 2016. |
立法机构：一院制立法机构，共有 15 名成员。关岛政府由当地选举产生，包括分立的行政、立法和司法部门。 | Legislature: Unicameral 15-member legislature. Guam has a locally elected Government, which comprises separate executive, legislative and judicial branches. |
人均国内生产总值：31 809 美元(2009 年调整后美元，2015 年估计数)。 | Gross domestic product per capita: $31,809 (2009 chained dollars, 2015 estimate). |
经济：收入主要来源：旅游业和美国军队驻军。 | Economy: Principal sources of revenue: tourism and the United States military presence. |
失业率：6.9%(2015 年 3 月)。 | Unemployment: 6.9 per cent (March 2015). |
货币单位：美元。 | Monetary unit: United States dollar. |
简史：17 世纪晚期，西班牙传教士来到关岛，当时岛上只居住着土著查莫罗人，他们是马来-波利尼西亚人后裔。查莫罗人目前占人口的比例略多于三分之一，在岛屿政治和社会生活中发挥着积极作用。 | Brief history: The island was inhabited by the indigenous Chamorro people of Malayo-Polynesian descent when missionaries from Spain arrived in Guam in the late seventeenth century. The Chamorro now constitute just over one third of the population and play an active role in the political and social life of the island. |
一. 宪政、法律和政治问题 | I. Constitutional, legal and political issues |
1. 直到 1950 年，关岛一直由美利坚合众国海军部管理。美国国会于该年颁布《关岛组织法》，成立了地方政府机构，使关岛成为未并入、拥有有限自治权的美国领土。此后，该领土一直由内政部管理。关岛是未并入的领土，原因是《美国宪法》条款在该岛并不完全适用。因此，关岛只是美国属地，但不是美国的一部分。 | 1. Guam was administered by the Department of the Navy of the United States of America until 1950, when the United States Congress enacted the Organic Act of Guam, which established institutions of local government and made Guam an unincorporated territory of the United States with limited self-governing authority. Since then, the Territory has been administered by the Department of the Interior. Guam is an unincorporated territory, since not all provisions of the Constitution of the United States apply to the island. As such, Guam is a possession but not part of the United States. |
2. 《美国宪法》不允许关岛指定美国总统和副总统的选举团成员。总督由关岛人民选举产生，任期四年。总督可连任两届，在离任四年后才有资格再次担任这一职务。总督负责行政部门的总体监督和管理，每年向美国内政部长提交由其转交国会的一份年度报告。总督可发布行政命令和条例，建议向立法机构提出议案，向立法机构表达意见，以及否决立法。在 2014 年 11 月的选举之后，埃迪·巴扎·卡尔沃(共和党)再次当选关岛总督。 | 2. The Constitution of the United States does not permit Guam to appoint electors of the President and Vice-President of the United States. The people of Guam elect a governor, who serves a four-year term. No person who has been elected Governor for two full successive terms shall again be eligible to hold that office until one full term has elapsed. The Governor is responsible for the general supervision and control of the executive branch and submits an annual report to the United States Secretary of the Interior for transmission to Congress. The Governor may issue executive orders and regulations, recommend bills to the legislature, make his or her views known to that body and veto legislation. Following the elections held in November 2014, Eddie Baza Calvo (Republican) was re -elected as Governor. |
3. 立法机构为一院制，15 名参议员经选举产生，任期两年。立法机构可推翻总督的否决。《关岛组织法》规定，美国国会保留废除关岛立法机构所颁布的任何法律的权力。在 2014 年 11 月的立法选举中，民主党赢得 9 个席位，而共和党赢得 6 个席位。 | 3. Fifteen senators who serve two-year terms in the unicameral legislature are also elected. The legislature may override the Governor’s veto. Under the Organic Act of Guam, the United States Congress reserves the authority to annul any law enacted by the Guam legislature. In the legislative elections held in November 2014, the Democrats won nine seats and the Republicans six seats. |
4. 自 1972 年以来，关岛一直向美国众议院派遣一位代表。该代表任期两年，可参加委员会表决，自 2007 年 1 月以来，可对讨论的修正案进行表决，但在最后批准议案时不能参与表决。在 2014 年 11 月的选举中，民主党的 MadeleineZ.Bordallo 获得连任，第七次出任驻美国国会的代表。她在众议院两个委员会(武装部队委员会和自然资源委员会)任职。 | 4. Since 1972, Guam has sent one delegate to the United States House of Representatives. The delegate, who serves a two-year term, may vote in committee and, since January 2007, on floor amendments, but not on the final approval of bills. In the elections held in November 2014, Madeleine Z. Bordallo, a Democrat, was re-elected for her seventh term as delegate to the United States Congress. She serves on two committees in the House of Representatives (armed services and natural resources). |
5. 关岛司法系统由地方和联邦两部分组成。地方司法系统由高等法院和最高法院组成，法官由总督任命，并经立法机构确认。地方法官每六年需由选民确认。2004 年，确立关岛司法机构作为独立的政府部门的地位。法律确认，关岛最高法院对领土内所有下级法院拥有上诉管辖权和行政权，从而有效建立了统一的地方司法机构。 | 5. The judicial system in Guam comprises local and federal components. The local judicial system consists of a superior court and a supreme court, which are led by judges appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the legislature. Local judges are subject to confirmation by voters every six years. In 2004, the judiciary of Guam was established as an independent branch of government. The law confirmed the appellate jurisdiction and administrative authority of the Supreme Court of Guam over all inferior courts in the Territory, thereby effectively establishing a unified local judiciary. |
6. 在联邦一级，由美国总统任命并经美国参议院确认的一名地区法院法官是美国关岛地区法院的负责人。1998 年，国会通过《关岛组织法》修正案，允许关岛立法机构选举关岛司法厅长，任期四年。司法厅长是关岛政府的首席法律事务官，并有权提起诉讼。 | 6. At the federal level, a district court judge, appointed by the President of the United States and confirmed by the United States Senate, is the head of the District Court of Guam. In 1998, Congress adopted an amendment to the Organic Act of Guam, allowing the Guam legislature to elect its own Attorney General for a four-year term. The Attorney General is the chief legal officer of the Government of Guam and is empowered with prosecutorial authority. |
7. 如以往工作文件所述，关岛周期性地出现谋求改变其政治地位的运动。1997年《关岛第 23-147 号公共法》成立了一个争取执行和行使查莫罗人自决的非殖民化委员会，以便讨论这个涉及查莫罗人的重要而具有争论的问题。该委员会配合关岛选举委员会组织的合格选民登记进程，负责监督依照国际标准就查莫罗人民的地位选择(独立、合并或自由联合)进行投票。 | 7. Periodically, there have been moves to change the island’s political status, as detailed in previous working papers. In 1997, Guam Public Law 23-147 established the Commission on Decolonization for the Implementation and Exercise of Chamorro Self-Determination in order to address an important but controversial issue involving the Chamorro population. The Commission, in concert with a process of registration of eligible voters organized by the Guam Election Commission, was to oversee the conduct of a vote with regard to the status preferences of the Chamorro people (independence, integration or free association), in accordance with international standards. |
8. 2000 年，关岛立法机构授权关岛选举委员会确定非殖民化公民投票的日期，在公民投票中将要求该领土的土著居民在设州、独立或与美国自由联合三者之间作出选择。公民投票结果不具约束力，但将为今后与管理国的任何政治地位谈判确定方向。公民投票定于 2004 年 11 月 2 日举行，但因尚未确定和登记合格选民而推迟。参与大选的普选权适用于年满 18 岁或以上且为关岛合法居民的美国公民。凡在关岛出生并接受美国司法管辖者均为美国公民。然而，据管理国称，关岛选举委员会对合格的公民投票选民的说明更为狭义，仅包括那些可以证明祖先在 1950 年通过《组织法》时为该岛屿居民的人，这种说法的合宪性目前正在美国关岛地区法院受到质疑。关岛选举委员会宣布，截至 2015 年 12 月 31 日，关岛共有 45 010 名登记选民，截至 2015 年 9 月 30 日，有 9 089 名登记土著居民。2011 年，卡尔沃先生在大约十年时间里第一次召开非殖民化委员会会议。 | 8. In 2000, the Guam legislature provided the Guam Election Commission with the power to set the date of the decolonization plebiscite, in which it was expected that the Territory’s indigenous people would be asked to choose between statehood, independence and free association with the United States. The plebiscite would have been non-binding, but would at the same time have set the course for any future discussions of political status with the administering Power. The vote, scheduled to be conducted on 2 November 2004, was postponed because eligible voters had not been identified and registered. Universal suffrage with regard to gene ral elections applies to United States citizens who are 18 years of age or older and are legal residents of Guam. All persons born in Guam and subject to the jurisdiction of the United States are citizens of the United States. However, according to the administering Power, the Guam Election Commission has described eligible plebiscitary voters more narrowly to include only those who can trace their roots back to those residents living on the island at the time of the passage of the Organic Act in 1950, the constitutionality of which is currently being challenged in the United States District Court for the District of Guam. The Guam Election Commission announced that there were 45,010 registered voters as at 31 December 2015 and 9,089 registered native inhabitants as at 30 September 2015. In 2011, Mr. Calvo convened the Commission on Decolonization for the first time in about a decade. |
9. 2010 年 10 月，美国总统巴拉克·奥巴马签署 H.R.3940 号议案，使之成为法律。该法明文规定，内政部长拥有为关岛的政治地位教育提供联邦资金的权力和义务，以帮助关岛人民了解宪法赋予自己的可行政治选项。2015 年 12 月，关岛政府就一个关于自决的社区教育外联方案向内政部提出补助金申请，以促进在2018 年开展关于自决的公民投票。 | 9. In October 2010, the President of the United States, Barack Obama, signed bill H.R. 3940 into law. The law clarified the authority and obligation of the Secretary of the Interior to provide federal funding for political status education in Guam to help the people of Guam to become aware of their constitutionally viable political options. In December 2015, the Government of Guam submitted a grant application to the Department of the Interior for a self-determination community education outreach programme for the purpose of a plebiscite on self-determination in 2018. |
10. 2015 年 5 月 19 日至 21 日在马那瓜举行的非殖民化问题加勒比区域研讨会期间，关岛政府代表说，有大量预算用于有关非殖民化和提交讨论的几项提案的教育，包括在电视台播出的公共节目。关岛非殖民化委员会打算向内政部提交一份补助金申请书，并请给予殖民地国家和人民独立宣言执行情况特别委员会在这方面尽可能提供援助。该代表还提到，美国第九巡回上诉法庭在 2015 年 5 月发布了一项意见，其中恢复了质疑关岛政治地位公民投票限制投票资格的诉讼。 | 10. During the Caribbean regional seminar on decolonization, held in Managua from 19 to 21 May 2015, the representative of the Government of Guam said that there was a significant budget for education on decolonization and several proposals on the table, including public programming to air on television stations. The Guam Commission on Decolonization planned to submit a grant proposal to the Department of the Interior and requested any assistance that the Special Committee on the Situation with regard to the Implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples could provide in that regard. The representative also referred to the announcement that the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit had issued an opinion in May 2015 in which it reinstated the lawsuit challenging the voting restriction for the plebiscite on the political status of Guam. |
11. 大会特别政治和非殖民化委员会(第四委员会)2015 年届会期间，领土政府的代表说，关岛非殖民化委员会继续在为举行关岛政治地位公民投票而努力。地方政府提供了资金，用于制作在公民投票前举行一次教育运动的材料。委员会还请美国内政部提供教育运动和公民投票所需的更多资金。据领土政府代表称，在地方政府努力确定关岛政治地位的同时，对美国军队在太平洋地区重新定位及其对经济和领土非殖民化努力的影响存在关切。 | 11. During the 2015 session of the Special Political and Decolonization Committee (Fourth Committee) of the General Assembly, the representative of the territorial Government said that the Guam Commission on Decolonization was continuing its efforts to hold a plebiscite on the political status of Guam. The local government had provided funds that would be used to create materials for an educational campaign ahead of the plebiscite. The Commission was also requesting the United States Department of the Interior for additional funding required for both the educational campaign and the plebiscite. According to the representative of the territorial Government, parallel to the local government’s efforts to determine the political status of Guam was a concern over the refocusing of United States military forces in the Pacific and its impact on the economy and the effort to decolonize the Territory. |
12. 第 33 届关岛议会议长也在第四委员会 2015 年届会上发言。他说，对关岛合法去殖民化最严重的威胁是管理国不断军事化该岛，其人民目前正面临新一轮军事化浪潮。她指出，在 2015 年 8 月发布的一项正式决定记录中，美国军队制定了增加军力的详细计划，其中考虑到建造军事基地、将 5 000 名美国海军陆战队员调往关岛和其他措施。议长回顾了大会关于非自治领土军事设施的若干决议，表示大会应通过一项针对关岛的决议，大意为美国在关岛不断增加的军事活动和(或)设施是自决的一个非法障碍。议长还指出，在关岛联邦地区法院正在进行的一起诉讼质疑将今后任何自决公民投票的选民限定在关岛土著居民的法定定义范围内的关岛法律，这是法律领域一个危险的事态发展。在这方面，她呼吁通过一项针对关岛的决议来处理此事，并采取行动澄清在任何自决公民投票中谁构成适当的选民。议长还呼吁针对关岛的决议提醒管理国非自治领土有权就影响其实现经济、社会和文化发展能力的事项被征求意见，并重申其人民对其自然资源的永久主权。 | 12. Speaking also before the Fourth Committee during its 2015 session, the Speaker of the thirty-third Guam legislature said that the most acute threat to the legitimate exercise of the decolonization of Guam was the incessant militarization of the island by its administering Power, a new wave of which its people were currently facing. She indicated that, in an official record of decision issued in August 2015, the United States military had laid out a detailed plan for military build-up allowing for the construction of military bases, the relocation of 5,000 United States marines to Guam and other steps. Recalling a number of General Assembly resolutions on military installations in the Non-Self-Governing Territories, the Speaker said that the Assembly should pass a Guam-specific resolution to the effect that escalating United States military activities and/or installations on Guam were an unlawful impediment to self-determination. The Speaker also noted that an active lawsuit in the federal District Court of Guam that challenged the Guam law that limits the electorate in any future self-determination plebiscite to those falling within the statutory definition of a native inhabitant of Guam represented a dangerous development in the legal realm. In that regard, she called for a resolution specific to Guam to address the matter, as well as actions to clarify who constitutes the appropriate electorate in any self-determination plebiscite. The Speaker also called for a Guam-specific resolution that reminded the administering Power of the right of a Non-Self-Governing Territory to be consulted on matters affecting its ability to pursue its own economic, social and cultural development and that reiterated the right of its people to permanent sovereignty over its natural resources. |
二. 军事问题及相关问题 | II. Military and related issues |
13. 如以往报告所述，美国在 2009 年决定，将美军人员从日本冲绳调至关岛，以在 2014 年以前调整美国海军陆战队在太平洋区域的作战能力。计划调动 9 000名海军陆战队员及其家人，而到 2012 年 4 月 26 日对计划作出调整，根据美日联合声明规定，在接纳设施齐备后，将 5 000 名海军陆战队人员调往关岛。这一行动将耗资 86 亿美元，其中日本出资 31 亿美元(见 A/AC.109/2014/14)。 | 13. As previously reported, the United States decided in 2009 that the United States Marine Corps capabilities in the Pacific region would be realigned, by 2014, through the transfer of United States military personnel from Okinawa, Japan, to Guam. The plan, which called for 9,000 marines and their family members to be relocated, was, however, modified on 26 April 2012, when it was specified in a joint United States-Japan statement that 5,000 marines would move to Guam when appropriate facilities were available to receive them. The move would cost $8.6 billion, with Japan contributing $3.1 billion (see A/AC.109/2014/14). |
14. 2015 年 1 月 30 日，国防部检查长办公室发布了关岛调整问题机构间协调小组检查专员年度报告。报告提供了 2013 年 10 月 1 日至 2014 年 9 月 30 日报告所述期间调整驻军方面的最新进展和工作情况。 | 14. On 30 January 2015, the Office of the Inspector General of the United States Department of Defense published the annual report of the Interagency Coordination Group of Inspectors General for Guam Realignment. It provided an update on the progress and efforts made regarding the realignment of forces, covering the period from 1 October 2013 to 30 September 2014. |
15. 在于 2015 年 7 月 18 日发布关于关岛的补充环境影响最后说明后，美国海军部于 2015 年 8 月 29 日发布了决定记录。该决定记录具体涉及海军陆战队人员及家属的调动问题，包括建造和运营一个主要基地(营区)、一个家庭住宿区、一个实弹训练场和相关基础设施，以支持调动人数大大减少的海军陆战队人员及其家属的决定。 | 15. On 29 August 2015, the United States Department of the Navy released the record of decision for relocating forces to Guam, following the issuanc e on 18 July 2015 of the final supplemental environmental impact statement for Guam. The record of decision is specific to the relocation of marines and dependants and comprises the decision to construct and operate a main base (cantonment area), a family housing area, a live-fire training range complex and associated infrastructure on Guam to support the relocation of a substantially reduced number of marines and dependants. |
三. 土地问题 | III. Land issues |
16. 土地使用权和所有权问题涉及两个主要议题：归还美国国防部持有但未使用或极少使用的土地，以及将这些土地归还原查莫罗族土地所有人。考虑到计划增加军力，国防部有意再获取至少 2 200 英亩非联邦土地。在关岛现有的 147 000英亩土地中，国防部目前占有 40 000 英亩，即岛屿土地总面积的 27.21%。领土的私有土地所有者有权拒绝出售任何土地用于军事目的。至于公共土地，此种用地要求需获得关岛立法机构批准。 | 16. The question of land use and ownership encompasses two major issues: the return of unused or underutilized land held by the United States Department of Defense and the return of that land to the original Chamorro landowners. In view of the envisaged military build-up, the Department has been interested in acquiring at least an additional 2,200 acres of non-federal land. Of the 147,000 acres of land available on Guam, the Department currently possesses 40,000 acres, or 27.21 per cent of the island’s land mass. Private landowners in the Territory have the right to refuse to sell any of their land for military purposes. With regard to public land, such requests would need the approval of the Guam legislature. |
17. 关岛政府在 2011 年 3 月签署《方案协定》，以在扩大军力期间保护岛屿上的文化和历史财产，为海军陆战队人员及其家属和辅助人员最早在 2016 年调入做好准备。 | 17. In March 2011, the Government of Guam signed the Programmatic Agreement to preserve cultural and historical properties on the island during the build-up in preparation for the transfer of marines, their dependants and support staff as early as 2016. |
18. 2015 年 7 月，美国海军部发布了《关岛训练场审查和分析》，其中介绍了制定作为海军陆战队关岛实弹训练场可能地点的备选方案的信息，以及每个备选方案对历史财产的潜在不利影响。 | 18. In July 2015, the United States Department of the Navy published the Guam Training Ranges Review and Analysis, in which it presented information on the development of alternatives and the potential adverse effects on historical properties of each alternative that the Department analysed as a potential location for the Marine Corps live-fire training range complex on Guam. |
四. 预算 | IV. Budget |
19. 预算包括关岛政府收入和联邦赠款，后者一般是由内政部专门分配给各具体部门。关岛领土政府的财政收入分为四类：普通基金、特别基金、联邦援助赠款、半自治和自治机构的业务经费。联邦法律规定，包括军事人员在内的所有关岛居民必须向关岛总基金而不是联邦政府缴纳所得税。总督有权否决预算法案； 但立法机构可以通过特别多数推翻总督的否决或重新审议法案。 | 19. The budget comprises revenues received by the Government of Guam and federal grants, with the latter generally allocated, on an ad hoc basis, to particular sectors through the Department of the Interior. The territorial Government’s operating revenues fall under four classifications: General Fund, Special Funds, Federal Grant-in-Aid and Semi-Autonomous and Autonomous Agencies Operating Funds. According to federal law, all island residents, including military personnel, must pay income tax to the Guam General Fund and not to the federal Government. The Governor has the power to veto a budget bill; however, the legislature can either override the Governor’s veto by a special majority or reconsider the bill. |
20. 2015 年 9 月 5 日，2016 年 9 月 30 日终了财政年度预算法在总督不签字的情况下超过时限自动成为法律，因为《关岛组织法》规定总督有 10 天时间来颁布、否决立法机关通过的措施或让其超过时限自动成为法律。普通基金的预计总收入是 8.249 亿美元，这一数字大约比拨款法所确定的普通基金 2015 财政年度 7.845亿美元年收入多出了 4 040 万美元。可供划拨的普通基金总收入为 6.65 亿美元。预计专项基金的总收入为 2.007 亿美元，而对应的联邦总收入为 4 350 万美元。 | 20. On 5 September 2015, the budget act for the fiscal year ending on 30 September 2016 lapsed into law without the signature of the Governor, as the Organic Act of Guam gives the Governor 10 days to either enact, veto or let measures passed by the legislature lapse into law. Projected gross revenues for the General Fund were $824.9 million, an amount that was approximately $40.4 million greater than the General Fund revenues identified in the appropriations act for fiscal year 2015 of $784.5 million. The total General Fund revenue amount that was available for appropriations was $665.0 million. Overall Special Funds revenues were projected at $200.7 million and the federal match was projected at $43.5 million. |
五. 经济 | V. Economy |
A. 概况 | A. General |
21. 关岛经济仍以旅游业和军事这两大支柱为基础。同时，领土一直努力创造有利于金融服务、电信、运输等其他行业发展的环境。制成品包括纺织、成衣、水泥和塑料。再出口在关岛的出口中占很大比例，其中包括石油产品、废钢铁、汽车、烟草和雪茄等。领土的主要贸易伙伴包括美国、日本、德国和中国。 | 21. The economy of Guam continues to be based on two main pillars: tourism and the military. The Territory has been endeavouring to create an environment conducive to the development of other industries, such as financial services, telecommunications and transportation. Manufactured products include textiles and garments, cement and plastics. Re-exports constitute a high proportion of the Territory’s exports, which include petroleum products, iron and steel scrap, automobiles and tobacco and cigars. The main trading partners of the Territory include the United States, Japan, Germany and China. |
22. 2015 年 12 月，美国经济分析局发布了对 2014 年关岛国内生产总值(国内总产值)的估计数、2013 年按行业分列的国内总产值和补偿估计数以及首次全面修订领土经济账户的结果。这些估计数表明，2014 年实际国内总产值上升 1.0%，包括私人固定投资、政府建筑项目和消费支出。服务出口增长了 4.8%，反映了从大韩民国到访的游客人数以及平均支出的强劲增长。 | 22. In December 2015, the United States Bureau of Economic Analysis released estimates of the gross domestic product (GDP) of Guam for 2014, together with GDP and compensation estimates by industry for 2013 and the results of the first comprehensive revision of the territorial economic accounts. The estimates indicate that real GDP increased by 1.0 per cent in 2014, including private fixed investment, government construction projects and consumer spending. Exports of services grew by 4.8 per cent, reflecting strong growth in visitor arrivals from the Republic of Korea and in average spending. |
B. 旅游业 | B. Tourism |
23. 根据关岛财务和预算办公室的《2016 财政年度关岛经济展望》，来自日本这一最大市场的游客人数最近一直在下降，而来自中国、菲律宾和大韩民国等所有其他主要市场的增长正在推动游客到访人数增加。据总督办公室和关岛旅游局2015 年 12 月 16 日的一份联合新闻稿称，关岛 2015 年 11 月迎来了 121 736 名游客，比前一年增加 14.7%。 | 23. According to the Economic Outlook for Guam for Fiscal Year 2016 of the Guam Office of Finance and Budget, the number of visitors from Japan, the largest market, has been declining recently, while growth from all other major markets, including China, the Philippines and the Republic of Korea, are contributing to an increase in tourist arrival numbers. According to a joint press release of the Office of the Governor and the Guam Visitors Bureau on 16 December 2015, Guam welcomed 121,736 visitors in November 2015, a 14.7 per cent increase from the previous year. |
24. 关岛旅游局与政府领导人、私营利益攸关方和社区成员拟订的 2020 年旅游业计划设定了一个指导该领土实现关岛旅游业共同愿景的路线图。 | 24. The Tourism 2020 plan, developed by the Guam Visitors Bureau in cooperation with government leaders, private stakeholders and members of the community, sets a road map to guide the Territory towards a shared vision for Guam’s visitor industry. |
Subsets and Splits