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C. 交通和通信 | C. Transport and communications |
25. 关岛的公路网长略低于 1 000 英里，其中 420 英里被列为“非公用”道路。在 550 英里的公用道路中，有 144 英里左右的一级道路和一些二级道路。为维护领土公路系统，该政府获得了美国运输部和联邦公路管理局提供的资金。 | 25. The Territory’s road network is just less than 1,000 miles long. Of this, 420 miles are classified as “non-public”. Of the 550 miles of public roads, there are some 144 miles of primary and some secondary roads. To maintain the territorial highway system, the Government receives funding from the United States Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration. |
26. 关岛港务局是关岛政府的一个公营公司和自主机构，负责管理阿普拉港的商用港口设施。在进入关岛的所有货物中，有 95%以该港口作为入境点。该港口也是密克罗尼西亚的转运中心。 | 26. The Port Authority of Guam, which is a public corporation and an autonomous agency of the territorial Government, administers the commercial port facilities at Apra Harbor, which is the entry point for 95 per cent of all goods entering Guam and serves as a trans-shipment centre for Micronesia. |
27. 关岛立法机构批准的《2030 年关岛运输计划》已成为该岛屿全面发展计划的正式组成部分。它是一项旨在改善关岛运输系统的长期战略，内容包括改善道路和大众运输，以及满足步行者和骑自行车者的需要。该运输计划还论及拟议增加驻军等其他问题。 | 27. The 2030 Guam Transportation Plan, approved by the Guam legislature, became an official component of the island’s Comprehensive Development Plan. The Plan, which is a long-term strategy designed to improve the Territory’s transportation system, incorporates improvements to roadways and mass transportation, while accommodating pedestrians and bicycles. It also addresses other issues, such as the proposed military build-up. |
28. 2012 年，关岛政府公共工程部制定了关岛 2012 年至 2015 年各财政年度交通改良计划。该计划提供了一份短期项目清单，以便与联邦公路管理局磋商并参考公众的意见和建议，解决安全问题、人行道及桥梁状况和交通运营问题。2015年 6 月 12 日，该部核准了该计划的一项修正案，以反映供资水平的变化和重新规划的项目。 | 28. In 2012, the Department of Public Works of the Government of Guam developed the Guam transportation improvement plan for fiscal years 2012 to 2015. It provides a list of short-term projects addressing safety issues, pavement and bridge conditions and traffic operations, in consultation with the Federal Highway Administration and with input from the public. On 12 June 2015, the Department approved an amendment to the plan reflecting changes in funding levels and the reprogramming of projects. |
D. 供水系统、环境卫生和公共事业 | D. Water system, sanitation and utilities |
29. 2013 年美国政府问责局题为“需进一步分析查明针对国防部调整计划关岛公共基础设施的需求和成本”的报告称，由于自然灾害、维护不善和故意破坏，关岛的供水和污水处理系统有诸多不足之处。尽管过去 10 年关岛水务局在改善其供水和污水系统方面投资超过 1.58 亿美元，该水务局将继续根据关岛地区法院颁布的命令行事，即由于涉及遵守《安全饮用水法》和《清洁水法》的问题，要求进行多方面的处理和基础设施改善。目前关岛的饮用水系统不符合《安全饮用水法》。国防部监察主任称，由于现有资产状况不良，关岛的污水处理厂达不到初级处理标准，并且缺乏足够的能力。政府问责局在其报告中指出，在支持关岛目前的军事存在方面，水务局向安德森空军基地(包括西北侧)、关岛海军计算机和电信站以及 South Finegayan 海军住区提供了污水处理服务。不过，关岛立法机构代表和公共事业综合委员会主席称，水务局已接近满负荷运转，在基础设施没有明显改善的情况下，无法满足与调整相关的任何需求激增。 | 29. According to the 2013 report of the United States Government Accountability Office entitled “Further analysis needed to identify Guam's public infrastructure requirements and costs for the Department of Defense’s realignment plan”, the water and wastewater treatment systems of Guam have a number of deficiencies as a result of natural disasters, poor maintenance and vandalism. Although the Guam Waterworks Authority has invested more than $158 million in improvements to its water and wastewater systems over the past 10 years, it continues to operate under an order issued by the District Court of Guam requiring various treatment and infrastructure improvements because of issues relating to compliance with the Safe Drinking Water Act and the Clean Water Act. The potable water system of Guam is currently non-compliant with the Safe Drinking Water Act. According to the Inspector General of the Department of Defense, the wastewater plants in Guam do not meet primary treatment standards and lack sufficient capacity owing to the poor condition of existing assets. The Government Accountability Office noted in its report that, in terms of supporting the current military presence in Guam, the Authority provided wastewater services to the Andersen Air Force Base (including Northwest Field), the Naval Computer and Telecommunications Station Guam and the South Finegayan navy housing area. According to representatives of the legislature of Guam and the Chair of the Consolidated Commission on Utilities, however, the Authority is operating near capacity and is unable to meet any surge in demand relating to realignment without significant infrastructure improvements. |
30. 政府问责局还报告称，关岛电力管理局向岛上公众和国防部提供所有电力，后者是电力管理局的最大客户，占 2012 年收入的 22%。关岛电力系统存在可靠性问题，曾导致停电事故，而且该电力系统依赖接近预期寿命的老旧发电机。这一状况令人想起内政部监察主任 2012 年的报告，报告指出关岛容易发生停电，而且注意到电力管理局发电机组约四分之一是在 1976 年以前安装的。结论是，如果该管理局立即整体更换其老化的基础设施，将需要大量金融投资。2015 年10 月，关岛第一个太阳能发电设施完成并已接入现有电网，使大约 10%的电网电力来自可再生能源。 | 30. The Government Accountability Office also reported that the Guam Power Authority provided all the electricity on the island for both the public and the Department of Defense. The Department is the Authority’s largest customer, accounting for 22 per cent of revenue in 2012. The electric power system of Guam has experienced reliability problems that have resulted in power outages and is dependent on ageing generators approaching the end of their life expectancy. This situation recalled a report of the Inspector General of the Department of the Interior in 2012, in which it was stated that Guam was susceptible to powerblackouts and noted that about a quarter of the generation units of the Authority had been installed before 1976. The conclusion was reached that, should the Authority have to replace its entire ageing infrastructure at once, it would require a large financial investment. In October 2015, the first solar power facility on Guam was completed and integrated into the existing grid, providing around 10 per cent of the grid with renewable energy. |
E. 农业和渔业 | E. Agriculture and fisheries |
31. 农业和渔业部门相对发达。主要农产品为蔬菜、柑桔、热带水果和椰子。农业局下设的各个部门分别负责动植物业、农业发展、林业和土壤资源以及水产和野生资源。正如《关岛综合经济发展战略》报告中所述，农业委员会审查区划、虫害控制、拟订农业发展计划、农业贷款及有关事项并提出建议。 | 31. The farming and fishing sectors are considered relatively well developed. The main types of produce are vegetables, citrus, tropical fruits and coconuts. The various divisions of the Guam Department of Agriculture deal with animal and plant industry, agricultural development, forestry and soil resources and aquatic and wildlife resources. As stated in the report of the Guam Comprehensive Economic Development Strategy, the Agricultural Board of Commissioners reviews and makes recommendations regarding zoning, pest control, the preparation of an agricultural development plan, agricultural loans and related matters. |
32. 2009 年，西太平洋区域渔业管理委员会建议美国国防部和国家海洋渔业处调查和处理不断增加军力对当地捕捞业造成影响的问题，并建议其拟订一项减缓和补偿计划，以向包括关岛在内的受影响各方提供协助。作为增加军力的补充环境影响说明进程的一部分，美国海军部咨询了美国鱼类和野生生物管理局和国家海洋渔业处，以分析拟议行动对重要和关键生境的潜在影响。 | 32. In 2009, the Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council recommended that the United States Department of Defense and the National Marine Fisheries Service should investigate and address the issue of the impact of the continuing military build-up on local fishing communities and that a mitigation and compensation plan be developed to assist those affected, including in Guam. As part of the supplemental environmental impact statement process for the military build-up, the United States Department of the Navy consulted the United States Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service to analyse the potential impact of the proposed actions on essential and critical habitats. |
六. 社会状况 | VI. Social conditions |
A. 劳工 | A. Labour |
33. 据关岛劳工统计局 2015 年 12 月 1 日发布的最新数据，2015 年 3 月，关岛的失业率是 6.9%，比 2014 年 12 月下降了 0.8 个百分点，比 2014 年 3 月下降了 0.5个百分点。2015 年 3 月，失业总人数为 4 840 人，比 2014 年 3 月减少 510 人。 | 33. According to the latest figures from the Guam Bureau of Labor Statistics, released on 1 December 2015, the unemployment rate in Guam in March 2015 was 6.9 per cent, a reduction of 0.8 percentage points from December 2014 and 0.5 percentage points from March 2014. In March 2015, the total number of unemployed was 4,840, which shows a decrease of 510 from March 2014. |
B. 教育 | B. Education |
34. 关岛拥有广泛的公立和私立教育系统。公立教育系统包括关岛大学和关岛社区学院。关岛教育局负责 41 所学校近 3 万名学生。关岛大约有 25 所私立学校，包括 2 所商学院，5 所中学和若干所小学；这些私立学校多数由罗马天主教和新教教派经办。领土每年获得数百万美元的联邦资金，用于支持特殊教育、暑期学校、学校午餐计划和教育局课后延长学习计划等。 | 34. Guam has an extensive public and private education system. The public education system includes the University of Guam and Guam Community College. The Guam Department of Education is responsible for nearly 30,000 students in 41 schools. Approximately 25 private schools, including 2 business colleges, 5 high schools and a number of elementary schools, are mostly affiliated with Roman Catholic and Protestant religious denominations. The Territory receives millions of dollars in federal funding each year to support such programmes as special education, summer school, the school lunch programme and the after-school Department of Education Extended Day programme. |
C. 保健 | C. Health care |
35. 关岛纪念医院管理局是唯一为公共部门服务的民用住院医疗设施。纪念医院管理局拥有 172 张急症护理床位和 30 张长期护理床位。美国海军医院(见第 37段)主要为军事部门服务。有三个社区/公共保健中心，分别位于关岛的北部、南部和中部。关岛约有 271 名医生和 92 个诊所。在 2014 年 11 月大选中，56.48%的选民赞同为医疗用途允许使用大麻的提案。提案责成公共卫生和社会服务部对使用大麻作为该部日后在提案中所述或所指定病情和疾病治疗提出规范。该部还要负责在九个月内制定适用规则。提案还删除了关于病人根据法律有资格使用大麻时的刑事处罚。 | 35. The Guam Memorial Hospital Authority is the only civilian in-patient medical facility that serves the public sector. The Authority has a capacity of 172 acute -care beds and 30 long-term care beds. The United States Naval Hospital (see para. 37) primarily serves the military sector. There are three community/public health centres, one located in the north, one in the south and one in central Guam. Guam has some 271 doctors and 92 medical clinics. In the general elections held in November 2014, voters approved by 56.48 per cent a proposal to permit the medi cal use of cannabis. It directed the Guam Department of Public Health and Social Services to regulate the use of marijuana as treatment for medical conditions or diseases specified in the proposal or designated by the Department at a later time. The Department was also directed to develop applicable rules within nine months. The proposal also removed the criminal penalties relating to marijuana when used by qualified patients pursuant to the legislation. |
36. 政府问责局在其 2013 年的报告(见上文第 29 段)中指出，关岛的保健制度规模不足。参与补充环境影响说明的关岛纪念医院管理局的官员们承认，根据国家医院标准，关岛需要约 500 个急症护理床位才能完全满足该岛的需求；但是，医院管理局仅提供了 162 个这样的床位。除了这些基础设施方面的挑战之外，官员们还列举了许多与人员配置有关的问题，包括难以招募和保留足够数量的保健工作人员。美国卫生与人类服务部将关岛定为医疗服务不足的地区，这表示该地区的初级保健提供者过少，婴儿死亡率高、贫困率高和/或老年人口多。关岛还被描述为卫生专业人员短缺地区，这表示关岛缺乏初级医疗服务、牙科或心理健康服务提供者。尽管军事人员及其受扶养人通常不使用当地卫生设施，但关岛政府预期，任何与调整有关的国防部文职人员、移民和建筑工人都能使用这些设施。 | 36. The Government Accountability Office, in its 2013 report (see para. 29 above), noted that the health system of Guam was undersized. Officials from the Guam Memorial Hospital Authority participating in the supplemental environmental impact statement acknowledged that, using national hospital standards, Guam needed some 500 acute-care beds to fully meet the island’s needs; the Authority, however, provided only 162 such beds. In addition to those infrastructure challenges, officials identified a number of problems relating to staffing, including difficulty in recruiting and retaining an adequate number of health-care personnel. The United States Department of Health and Human Services has designated Guam as a medically underserved area, which means that it has too few primary care providers, a high rate of infant mortality, a high rate of poverty and/or a large population of older persons. Guam also qualifies as a health professional shortage area, which means that it experiences shortages of primary medical care, dental or mental health providers. Although military personnel and their dependants generally do not use local health facilities, the Government of Guam anticipates that any Department of Defense civilian, any migrant and any construction worker associated with the realignment will be able to use the facilities. |
37. 根据《世界卫生组织关岛 2013-2017 年国家合作战略》，关岛非传染性疾病的流行率在继续上升。作为增加军力的一部分，正在建造一所新的军事医院，以取代 1954 年建造的前一所医院。医院于 2014 年 4 月 21 日正式开业，并配备有42 个床位、四个手术室、两个剖腹产术室，和包括核磁共振和计算机断层扫描综合室在内的经改进诊断和辅助能力。 | 37. According to the World Health Organization Country Cooperation Strategy for Guam 2013-2017, the prevalence of non-communicable diseases in Guam continues to rise. As part of the military build-up, a new military hospital was built to replace the previous facility, which was constructed in 1954. It officially opened on 21 April 2014, providing 42 beds, four operating rooms, two caesarean section rooms and improved diagnostic and ancillary capabilities, including magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scanning suites. |
38. 关岛公共卫生和社会服务部制定了一个侧重于三个优先事项的三年战略计划，该计划将有助于指导该部加强基础设施和能力以完成其使命。这三个优先事项是劳动力发展、信息技术及支助系统现代化以及改善组织结构和进程。 | 38. The Guam Department of Public Health and Social Services has developed a three-year strategic plan focusing on three priorities, which will help to guide the Department in augmenting its infrastructure and capacity to achieve its mission. The three priorities are workforce development, the modernization of information technology and support systems and the improvement of the organizational structure and processes. |
七. 环境 | VII. Environment |
39. 关岛环境保护机构由五部分组成：行政事务司、环境监测和分析事务司、环境规划和审查司、空气和土地方案司、水方案司。关岛仍面临美国在第二次世界大战占领期间以及 1950 年代管理国在马绍尔群岛进行原子弹试验所造成的环境问题。其他细节可在以前的工作文件中找到。到目前为止，没有关于福岛第一核电站向太平洋持续高水平辐射泄漏的正式报告。 | 39. The Guam Environmental Protection Agency comprises five components: the Administrative Services Division, the Environmental Monitoring and Analytical Services Division, the Environmental Planning and Review Division, the Air and Land Programs Division and the Water Programs Division. Guam continues to experience environmental problems relating to the United States occupation during the Second World War and the atomic testing conducted by the administering Power in the Marshall Islands in the 1950s. Additional details can be found in previous working papers. To date, no official reports exist on the continuing high -level radiation spill from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power station into the Pacific Ocean. |
40. 如《关岛综合经济发展战略报告》所述，关岛环境保护局开展各种方案，定期监测环境状况。美国环境保护署的法规适用于关岛，但在某些方面，关岛本地法律比美国法律严格。关岛是一个幅员较小、人口密集的岛屿，因此其海洋环境是检验陆上人类活动对环境总体影响的一个重要标准。据查，所有指标均显示关岛海洋水质基本上优良。与建筑活动和天然侵蚀有关的土壤侵蚀是关岛南部特别令人关切的另一个问题，因为沉积物已导致河流入海口附近区域珊瑚礁被毁。 | 40. As stated in the report of the Guam Comprehensive Economic Development Strategy, the Guam Environmental Protection Agency implements various programmes that regularly monitor the status of the environment. United States Environmental Protection Agency regulations apply to Guam, but in some cases the Territory’s own laws are more stringent than those of the United States. Guam is a relatively small and high-density island; its marine environment therefore constitutes a key litmus test with regard to the overall environmental impact of human activity on the land. The quality of the marine waters has generally been found to be excellent across all indicators. Soil erosion, which is associated with construction activity or natural erosion, is another area of special concern in southern Guam, given that sedimentation has resulted in the destruction of coral reefs in areas adjacent to the mouths of rivers. |
41. 由于关岛土地面积有限，固体废物填埋场是另一个令人关切的问题。随着生活水平不断提高、人口和工业活动不断增长，运到岛上的物资和商品日益增多，这一问题日趋严重。政府问责局在其 2013 年报告(见上文第 29 段)中指出，关岛现有的废物填埋场符合环保要求，有足够的能力满足目前的固体废物处理需求，并且有足够的扩展能力满足未来与调整相关的需求。但是，关岛政府称，新的废物填埋场不能用于特定类型的废物，包括建筑和爆破废物。因此，满足有机和与调整相关固体废物处置的需求需要政府继续制订制度，以便处理不能在废物填埋场处置的废物，以及建造和开放新的固体废物处理区。 | 41. Solid-waste landfills are another area of concern in Guam, given the limited land area. Problems are being magnified as the standard of living changes and increases in population and industrial activity bring more goods and commodities to the island. In its 2013 report (see para. 29 above), the Government Accountability Office noted that the existing landfill on Guam was environmentally compliant, had adequate capacity to meet current solid waste disposal needs and had sufficient expansion capacity to meet future needs related to realignment. According to the Government of Guam, however, the new landfill cannot be used for some types of waste, including construction and demolition waste. Consequently, meeting organic and realignment-related solid waste disposal needs will require the Government to continue to develop systems to handle waste that cannot be disposed of in the landfill and construct and open new solid waste disposal areas. |
42. 全世界 33%左右的气旋形成于关岛附近地区。此外，根据全球人为土壤退化评估，太平洋地区的土壤退化面积很广。关岛因在陡坡上修筑主要道路，引起土壤侵蚀，所造成的沉积导致了岸礁珊瑚群的死亡。 | 42. Some 33 per cent of the world’s cyclones develop in the immediate area around Guam. In addition, according to the Global Assessment of Human-Induced Soil Degradation, the area of degraded soil in the Pacific is extensive. In Guam, major road construction on steep slopes has caused erosion, with the resulting sedimentation killing coral colonies on fringing reefs. |
43. 在任何海军陆战队人员搬迁至驻关岛前(见上文第 13 段)，国防部必须根据1969 年《国家环保政策法》检验其拟议行动的环境效果。2015 年 8 月 29 日，美国海军部公布了其记录决定，这是补充环境影响说明进程的最后一步，其中概述了为执行拟议调整行动而作出的决定并具体说明了相关减缓措施。 | 43. Before any marines can relocate to Guam (see para. 13 above), the Department of Defense must, pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, examine the environmental effects of its proposed actions. On 29 August 2015, the United States Department of the Navy released its record of decision, the final step in the supplemental environmental impact statement process, which outlined the decisions made to implement the proposed realignment actions and specified associated mitigation measures. |
八. 与国际组织和伙伴的关系 | VIII. Relations with international organizations and partners |
44. 关岛自1981年7月24日以来一直是亚洲及太平洋经济社会委员会的准成员。该领土是太平洋共同体、密克罗尼西亚行政首长峰会、太平洋海盆开发理事会、太平洋岛屿发展方案、亚洲太平洋旅游协会和南太平洋区域环境方案的成员。关岛还加入了太平洋岛屿应用地球科学委员会和太平洋共同体沿海渔业计划。关岛拥有小岛屿国家联盟的观察员地位。2011 年，关岛被太平洋岛屿论坛授予观察员地位。 | 44.Guam has been an associate member of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific since 24 July 1981. The Territory is a member of the Pacific Community, the Micronesian Chief Executives Summit, the Pacific Basin Development Council, the Pacific Islands Development Programme, the Pacific Asia Travel Association and the South Pacific Regional Environment Programme. It also participates in the Pacific Islands Applied Geoscience Commission and the Pacific Community Coastal Fisheries Programme. Guam has observer status in the Alliance of Small Island States. In 2011, Guam was granted observer status in the Pacific Islands Forum. |
九. 领土的未来地位 | IX. Future status of the Territory |
A. 领土政府的立场 | A. Position of the territorial Government |
45. 上文第一节述及关于关岛未来地位讨论的动态。 | 45. Developments regarding discussions on the future status of Guam are considered in section I above. |
B. 管理国的立场 | B. Position of the administering Power |
46. 2006 年 11 月 2 日，负责立法事务的助理国务卿在给美属萨摩亚驻美国众议院代表的信中，阐述了美国政府的立场。他在信中指出，这些岛屿地区与联邦政府间政治关系的现状是美国的内政问题，而不属于给予殖民地国家和人民独立宣言执行情况特别委员会的工作范围。他还指出，特别委员会无权以任何方式改变美国与这些领土之间的关系，也无权与美国就它们的地位进行谈判。他进一步指出，同时，根据《联合国宪章》规定的定期向联合国提供有关非自治领土的经济、社会和教育状况的统计及其他技术性资料的义务，联邦政府向特别委员会提交了各美属领土年度最新情况报告，借此表明美国作为管理国而给予的合作，并更正特别委员会可能从其他来源收到的资料中出现的任何差错。 | 46. In a letter dated 2 November 2006 addressed to the delegate of American Samoa to the United States House of Representatives, the Assistant Secretary of State for Legislative Affairs elaborated on the position of the Government of the United States. He indicated that the status of the insular areas regarding their political relations with the federal Government was an internal United States issue, and not one that came within the purview of the Special Committee on the Situation with regard to the Implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples. He also noted that the Special Committee had no authority to alter in any way the relationship between the United States and those territories and had no mandate to engage the United States in negotiations on their status. He further noted that, at the same time, in accordance with its obligations under the Charter of the United Nations to provide regularly to the United Nations statistical and other information of a technical nature relating to the economic, social and educational conditions in Non-Self-Governing Territories, the federal Government submitted annual updates on United States Territories to the Special Committee as a demonstration of United States cooperation as an administering Power and as a corrective to any errors in information that the Special Committee might have received from other sources. |
十. 大会采取的行动 | X. Action taken by the General Assembly |
47. 2015 年 12 月 9 日，大会根据转递给大会的特别委员会报告(A/70/23)及后来第四委员会对报告的审议情况，未经表决通过了第 70/102 A 和 B 号决议。第 70/102 B号决议第六节涉及关岛问题。大会在该节中： | 47. On 9 December 2015, the General Assembly adopted without a vote resolutions 70/102 A and B on the basis of the report of the Special Committee transmitted to the Assembly (A/70/23) and its subsequent consideration by the Fourth Committee. Section VI of resolution 70/102 B concerns Guam. In that section, the Assembly: |
(a) 欢迎关岛争取执行和行使查莫罗人自决的非殖民化委员会召开会议及其在自决投票问题上不断开展的工作，以及其公共教育工作； | (a) Welcomed the convening of the Guam Commission on Decolonization for the Implementation and Exercise of Chamorro Self-Determination and its ongoing work on a self-determination vote, as well as its public education efforts; |
(b) 强调指出关岛非殖民化进程应符合《联合国宪章》、《给予殖民地国家和人民独立宣言》和《世界人权宣言》； | (b) Stressed that the decolonization process in Guam should be compatible with the Charter of the United Nations, the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; |
(c) 再次促请管理国考虑查莫罗人民就查莫罗自治问题所表达、得到参加1987 年全民投票的关岛选民支持并于此后在关于查莫罗人自决的关岛法律中有所规定的意愿，鼓励管理国和领土政府就此事项进行谈判，强调指出需要不断密切监测领土的总体局势； | (c) Called once again upon the administering Power to take into consideration the expressed will of the Chamorro people as supported by Guam voters in the referendum of 1987 and as subsequently provided for in Guam law regarding Chamorro self-determination efforts, encouraged the administering Power and the territorial Government to enter into negotiations on the matter, and stressed the need for continued close monitoring of the overall situation in the Territory; |
(d) 请管理国与领土政府合作，继续将土地移交领土的原土地所有人；继续承认和尊重关岛查莫罗人民的政治权利及文化和族裔特性，并采取一切必要措施，处理领土政府对人口移入问题的关切； | (d) Requested the administering Power, in cooperation with the territorial Government, to continue to transfer land to the original landowners of the Territory, to continue to recognize and to respect the political rights and the cultural and ethnic identity of the Chamorro people of Guam and to take all measures necessary to address the concerns of the territorial Government with regard to the question of immigration; |
(e) 又请管理国依照《宪章》第七十三条(丑)款，通过资助公众教育方案等举措协助领土推动公众外联活动，并在这方面吁请联合国有关组织应请求向领土提供援助，并欢迎领土政府最近的外联工作； | (e) Also requested the administering Power to assist the Territory by facilitating public outreach efforts, including through the funding of the public education campaign, consistent with Article 73 b of the Charter, and in that regard called upon the relevant United Nations organizations to provide assistance to the Territory, if requested, and welcomed the recent outreach work by the territorial Government; |
联合国 S/PV.8125 | United Nations S/PV.8125 |
第七十二年第八一二五次会议 | Seventy-second year |
第八一二五次会议 | 8125th meeting |
2017年12月8日星期五上午9时30分举行 | Friday, 8 December2017, 9.30 a.m. |
纽约 | New York |
主席： 别所先生. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (日本) | President: Mr. Bessho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Japan) |
主席： 别所先生. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (日本) | Egypt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mr. Aboulatta |
主席： 别所先生. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (日本)多民族玻利维亚国. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 略伦蒂•索利斯先生中国. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 程烈先生埃及. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 阿布拉塔先生埃塞俄比亚. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 阿莱穆先生法国. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 盖冈夫人意大利. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 卡尔迪先生哈萨克斯坦. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 萨德科夫先生俄罗斯联邦. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 伊利乔夫先生塞内加尔. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 塞克先生瑞典. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 斯科格先生乌克兰. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 叶利琴科先生 | France. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mrs. Gueguen |
乌克兰. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 叶利琴科先生 | Italy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mr. Cardi |
乌克兰. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 叶利琴科先生 | Russian Federation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mr. Iliichev |
乌克兰. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 叶利琴科先生大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 克莱先生美利坚合众国. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 塔赫科女士乌拉圭. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 贝穆德斯·阿尔瓦雷斯先生 | Senegal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mr. Seck |
大湖区局势 | The situation in the Great Lakes region |
上午9时35分开会。 | meeting was called to order at 9.35 a.m. |
通过议程 | Adoption of the agenda |
议程通过。 | The agenda was adopted. |
主席（以英语发言）：安全理事会现在开始审议其议程上的项目。安理会成员面前有文件S/2017/993，其中载有埃及、埃塞俄比亚和塞内加尔提交的一项决议草案的案文。 | The President: The Security Council will now begin its consideration of the item on its agenda. Members of the Council have before them document S/2017/993, which contains the text of a draft resolution submitted by Egypt, Ethiopia and Senegal. |
安理会准备就其面前的决议草案进行表决。我现在将这项决议草案付诸表决。 | The Council is ready to proceed to the vote on the draft resolution before it. I shall put the draft resolution to the vote now. |
进行了举手表决。 | A vote was taken by show of hands. |
赞成： | In favour: |
多民族玻利维亚国、中国、埃及埃塞俄比亚、法国、意大利、日本、哈萨克斯坦、俄罗斯联邦、塞内加尔、瑞典、乌克兰、大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国、美利坚合众国和乌拉圭 | Bolivia (Plurinational State of), China, Egypt, Ethiopia, France, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Russian Federation, Senegal, Sweden, Ukraine, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of America and Uruguay |
主席（以英语发言）：有15票赞成。决议草案获得一致通过，成为第2389（2017）号决议。 | The President: The draft resolution received 15 votes in favour. The draft resolution has been adopted unanimously as resolution 2389 (2017). |
我现在请希望在表决后发言的安理会成员发言。 | I shall now give the floor to those members of the Council who wish to make statements after the voting. |
阿布拉塔先生（埃及）（以阿拉伯语发言）：埃及为今天一致表决通过的第2389（2017）号决议感到自豪。该决议证明，我们特别关注大湖区局势和《刚果民主共和国和该区域的和平、安全与合作框架》。这项协议是该区域11个国家的框架，这些国家在国际和区域伙伴，特别是联合国、非洲联盟、大湖区国际会议和南部非洲发展共同体这四个担保方的支持下，率先做出各种努力，应对大湖区面临的各种挑战和威胁。 | Mr. Aboulatta (Egypt) (spoke in Arabic): Egypt is proud of resolution 2389 (2017), adopted today by a unanimous vote. It attests to the special interest we attach to the situation in the Great Lakes region and to the Peace, Security and Cooperation Framework for the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Region. That agreement represents a framework of 11 countries of the region, which are at the vanguard of every effort to confront the challenges and threats present in the Great Lakes region, with the support of international and regional partners, in particular the four guarantors: the United Nations, the African Union, the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region and the Southern African Development Community. |
该框架协议签署至今已有五年时间，它依然是实现刚果民主共和国和该区域持久和平与安全的关键工具。因此，所有伙伴都必须加紧努力，履行非洲联盟11月7日就框架协议发表的声明以及和平、安全与合作协议区域监督机制10月19日在布拉柴维尔举行的会议上发表的声明所列述的国际、区域和地方义务。 | Five years have passed the signing of the framework agreement, which remains a key instrument for achieving sustainable and lasting peace and security in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the region. All partners must therefore step up their efforts to implement their international, regional and local obligations, as set forth in the declarations on the framework agreement issued by the African Union on 7 November and by the Regional Oversight Mechanism for Peace, Security and Cooperation Agreement at its meeting held on 19 October in Brazzaville. |
埃及与安全理事会另两名非洲成员即埃塞俄比亚和塞内加尔合作，领导了一个协商进程，参与者包括框架协议主要签署方和担保机构，以确保各国和该区域对这一举措拥有自主权。该进程全面、包容而且透明。我们力求找到符合安理会各成员关切、并且保持我们建设性工作精神的解决方案。今天，这些努力以一致通过第2389 (2017)号决议宣告结束。 | Egypt, in cooperation with the two other African members of the Security Council, Ethiopia and Senegal, led a consultation process that included the main parties to the framework agreement and the guarantor institutions in order to ensure national and regional ownership of this initiative. The process was comprehensive, inclusive and transparent. We sought solutions that would be in line with the concerns of the members of the Council and preserve our constructive spirit of work. These efforts concluded in the unanimous adoption of resolution 2389 (2017) today. |
该决议阐明了该地区的各种挑战，其中包括对平民构成危险威胁的武装团体的活动及其非法开发自然资源、阻止本地区民众享受这些资源与发展裨益的作用所带来的挑战。决议强调地区各国必须增加合作，履行其根据框架协定所承担的义务，铲除这些武装团体。决议欢迎地区国家在布拉柴维尔首脑会议上宣布各项义务与承诺，包括尽早遣返前作战人员。 | The resolution sheds light on the various challenges in the region, including those related to the activities of armed groups, which represent a dangerous threat to civilians, and to their role in the illegal exploitation of natural resources, preventing the peoples of the region from enjoying the benefits of those resources and development. The resolution stresses the need for further cooperation among the countries of the region to eliminate armed groups in the context of their obligations under the framework agreement. The resolution welcomes the obligations and commitments announced by the countries of the region at the Brazzaville summit, including the earliest possible repatriation of ex-combatants . |
该决议还阐释了人道主义危机，包括难民和境内流离失所者增多，这给接纳国带来负担。它呼吁捐助国加大工作力度，填补该地区的资金缺口。它还欢迎区域提出各种举措，支持以一种全面和包容的方式推动该地区的政治进程和对话。它呼吁地区国家履行其根据国际法所承担的义务，继续进一步努力制止有罪不罚，提高妇女地位，使其得以参与政治生活和各项建设和平努力。该地区的各种挑战需要达成可持续的解决。 | The resolution also sheds light on the humanitarian crisis, including the increase in the number of refugees and internally displaced persons, which represents a burden on host countries. It calls on donors to step up their efforts to eliminate the funding gap in the region. It also welcomes all regional initiatives that support political processes and dialogue in the region in a comprehensive and inclusive manner. It calls on the countries of the region to honour their obligations under international law and to pursue further efforts to end impunity and to strengthen the status of women, allowing them to participate in political life and peacebuilding efforts. |
因此，我们必须采取一种处理不稳定根源、为可持续与持久和平及安全奠定基础的区域视角。今天通过的决议强调了这一事实，并且着重指出建设和平委员会与包括非洲联盟在内的各种区域伙伴和次区域组织合作可能发挥的作用。决议还强调了框架协定的重要性，因为它表明联合国采取一种发展的做法，以一种有助于处理冲突根源和加大地区国家间经济与发展合作力度的方式来支持该协定。决议呼吁各捐助方加大工作力度，以支持框架协定。 | There is a need to reach sustainable solutions to the challenges in the region. We must therefore adopt a regional perspective that addresses the root causes of instability and lays the foundation for sustainable and lasting peace and security. The resolution adopted today stresses that fact and highlights the potential role of the Peacebuilding Commission, in cooperation with regional partners, including the African Union and subregional organizations. The resolution also stresses the importance of the framework agreement, which represents the development approach adopted by the United Nations in support of the agreement in a manner that would contribute to addressing the root causes of conflict and to strengthening economic and development cooperation among the countries of the region. The resolution calls on all donors to step up their efforts in support of the framework agreement. |
联合国贸易和发展会议 Distr.: Limited | United Nations Conference on Trade |
联合国贸易和发展会议 Distr.: Limited | Distr.: Limited |
2 August 2001 | 2 August 2001 |
01-49159 (C) 020801 030801 | 01-49160 (E) 020801 |
01-49159 (C) 020801 030801 | *0149160* |
贸易和发展理事会内陆和过境发展中国家政府专家 | Trade and Development Board |
内陆和过境发展中国家政府专家以及捐助国 金融和发展机构代表会议2001 年 7 月 30 日至 8 月 3 日 纽约议程项目 3 | Meeting of Governmental Expert from |
审查内陆和过境发展中国家制订过境系统制度的进展情况商定的结论和建议草稿A. 运输费用 出口情况和可持续发展 | Landlocked and Transit Developing |
1. 尽管在过境运输制度方面有了某些积极发展 但由于缺乏领土上的出海口加以地处偏远 孤悬世界市场之外 转口成本高昂 风险又大 这些因素都对内陆发展中国家的整个社会 经济发展形成严重的限制 这些国家因而不能充分受惠于自由化和全球化进程带来的新的贸易和投资机会 它们需要更多援助以便有效 有利地融入全球经济2. 大多数的过境国家本身是发展中国家 面临严重的经济问题 包括缺乏适当的过境运输基础设施3. 会议强调运输在总的发展进程中的重要性 特别是在推进国家 区域和国际贸易方面 对消除贫穷的目标能作出重大贡献 由于基础设施薄弱 政策环境不良导致运输服务效率低下 运输成本过高 对许多内陆和过境发展中国家扩大贸易 提升竞争力 甚至持续发展的目标形成了重大障碍 发展连贯的国家 区域和国际运输网络 结合有效率的运输服务是对在各别国家内剌激经济活动 开辟生产领域 甚至与国家 区域和国际市场取得联系而言 都是十分必要的4. 各国政府应优先重视运输部门 拟订和加强其政策 以吸引对基本设施和有关服务的投资 在这方面 私营部门的参与 包括经由公私合营的方式 可在改进运输质量和服务上发挥重要作用B. 基础设施的发展5. 有效的调节框架和建立有利的环境是发展基础设施的先决条件 发展基础设施 包括提高现有的资产 需要一笔超过内陆和过境发展中国家现有手段的资金官方发展援助 官方发展援助 下降 私营融资不足对内陆发展中国家和过境国家的过境系统均会产生消极影响 因为这些国家大多数属发展中或最不发达国家 需要国外融资 因此有必要增加官方发展援助和私营投资 | Countries and Representatives of Donor Countries Financial and Development Institutions New York, 30 July-3 August 2001 Agenda item 3 Review of progress in development of transit systems in landlocked and transit developing countries Draft agreed conclusions and recommendations A. Transport costs, export performance and sustainable development 1. Despite some positive developments in transit transport systems, lack of territorial access to the sea, aggravated by remoteness and isolation from world markets and high transit costs and risks continue to impose serious constraints on the overall socio-economic development of landlocked developing countries. They have not been able to take full benefit of the new trade and investment opportunities offered by the process of liberalization and globalization. They need greater assistance to enable them to integrate effectively and beneficially into the global economy. 2. Most transit countries are themselves developing countries facing serious economic problems, including the lack of adequate transit transport infrastructure. 3. The meeting underlined the importance of transport for the development process in general and for the promotion of national, regional and international trade in particular which significantly contribute to the goal of eradication of poverty. Weak infrastructure, inappropriate policy environments lead to inefficient transport services that engender high transport costs, which is a major impediment to trade expansion, competitiveness, and hence sustainable development in many landlocked and transit developing countries. The development of a coherent, national, regional and international transport network combined with efficient transport services are essential for stimulating economic activity, opening up productive areas in individual countries and linking them to national, regional and international markets. 4. Governments should give high priority to the transport sector by formulating and strengthening their policies to attract investment in infrastructure and related services. In this context, private sector participation has an important role in improving the quality of transport and transit services including through public-private partnership framework. B. Infrastructure development 5. Effective regulatory framework and establishment of a conducive environment is a prerequisite for infrastructure development. Development of infrastructure, including the upgrading of existing assets, requires a degree of financing exceeding the means of landlocked and transit developing countries. The decline of official development assistance (ODA), and inadequate private financing have negatively affected transit systems not only in landlocked developing countries but also in transit countries as most of them are either developing or least developed countries |
家 需要国外融资 因此有必要增加官方发展援助和私营投资 | also in need of external financing. There is need for increased ODA and private investment. |
6. 让内陆和过境发展中国家参与的区域合作和一体化可成为一项资产 用以汇集有限的资源 取得必要的规模经济 区域合作的倡议种类繁多 诸如南欧东欧的促进贸易和运输项目 以及在南部非洲已生根发展的 发展走廊和分布发展倡议 分布发展倡议更是把一般的运输 特别是过境运输放在更广阔的社会经济范畴内考虑 从全面的角度看待运输问题 它认识到运输同其他部门的相互依靠性 例如 没有适当的运输系统就不可能有旅游业与农业或矿业的好景反之 过境系统可服务其他经济部门的需要 而其持续发展要依赖其他经济部门的不断需求 因此 必须采取更加协调的方式 以各种广泛的活动与方案 包括运输基础设施和有关的项目 来吸引投资 | 6. Regional cooperation and integration involving landlocked and transit developing countries can be an asset through pooling limited resources and achieving needed economies of scale. There are a variety of regional cooperation initiatives, such as the trade and transport facilitation project in South-East Europe and the Development Corridor and Spatial Development Initiative (SDIs), which has taken root in Southern Africa. SDIs place transport in general and transit transport in particular in a broader socio-economic context that views transport, from a holistic perspective. It recognizes the interdependence of transport with other sectors. For example, tourism and agriculture or mining cannot flourish without an adequate transport system and in turn, a transit system is there to serve needs of other economic sectors and its sustainability depends on demands derived from other economic sectors. Hence there is need to attract investment, in a more coordinated manner, across a wide range of activities and programmes including transport infrastructure and related projects. |
7. 关于运输发展项目的各项决定 应酌情与相关的利益有关者协商后作出 为确保对基础设施发展达到适宜 有效率的投资分配 极其重要的是 当地和国家当局必须对这些方案和项目行使真正的所有权 | 7. Decisions concerning transport development projects should be taken in consultations, as appropriate, with relevant stakeholders. In order to ensure suitable and efficient investment allocation for infrastructure development, it is vital for local and national authorities to exercise true ownership over such programmes and projects. |
8. 最后 会议呼吁扭转对内陆和过境发展中国家运输发展目前面临的官方发展援助和私营融资下降的趋势捐助国家 开发计划署和多边金融和发展机构向内陆和过境发展中国家以赠款或减让贷款的形式提供财政和技术援助 以供其进行建造 保养和改进它们的运输 储存及其他过境有关的设施加速改革运输部门及其他有关的服务 包括支助运输部门自由化以及让更多私营部门参与提供运输服务让相关的利益有关者更多地参与基础设施项目的规划和甄选工作对过境走廊的缺失因素提供指定资金确立区域倡议行动以支助多国家项目和高级的区域整体化通过推动营业纪律和建立竞争市场的方式 改进基础设施服务的管理工作以全方位的方式处理运输问题 考虑到实体 政策 程序和体制各个方 | 8. In conclusion, the session called for: (i) A reversal of the current downward trend of ODA and private financing for landlocked and transit developing countries transport development; (ii) Provision of financial and technical assistance by donor countries, UNDP and multilateral financial and development institutions to landlocked and transit developing countries in the form of grants or consessional loans for the construction, maintenance and improvement of their transport, storage and other transit-related facilities; (iii) The acceleration of reforms in the transport sector and other related services, including support for the liberalization of transport sector as well as the greater involvement of the private sector in providing transport services; (iv) Greater involvement of relevant stakeholders in the planning and selection of infrastructure projects; (v) Specific financing for the missing elements of transit corridors; (vi) The establishment of regional initiatives to support multi-country projects and advanced regional integration; (vii) The improvement of management of infrastructure services by promoting business discipline and by establishing competitive markets; (viii) A holistic approach to transport, taking into account physical, policy, procedural and institutional consideration. |
C. 为了降低成本和提高过境业务效率而简化贸易和过境手续 | C. Trade and transit facilitation designed to reduce costs and improve the efficiency of transit operations |
9. 过境手续必须同实物的移动协调 以确保货物快速通行 穿过过境多 复杂的手续 多重的文件要求和各国之间的手续和文件要求回异都是在过境运输时引起可避免的额外费用和导致效率不高的重要来源 旨在使手续简化 合理化和协调一致的便利措施提供了手段 改善过境的质量和消除了过境系统中许多可以避免的费用 特别是间接的过境费用 例如在安排过境业务时引起的行政指出 运送的延误和盘点费用 | 9. Transit procedures must be coordinated with physical movement to ensure the speedy passage of goods through transit countries. Complex formalities, multiple documentation requirements, and inter-country variation in procedures and documentation are all important sources of additional and avoidable costs and inefficiency in transit transport. Facilitation measures which aim at simplifying, rationalizing and harmonizing procedures provide a means of improving the quality of transit and of eliminating many avoidable costs in transit systems, particularly indirect transit costs, such as administrative expenses incurred in organizing transit operations, delays in delivery and inventory costs. |
10. 各国政府批准的国际公约 区域和双边协定都是主要的工具 规则和文件的协调 简化和标准化都要通过它们才能实现 许多内陆和过境发展中国家已经采取措施 加强其过境运输合作安排 国际社会在支助规模性法律和制度改革程序方面发挥了重大作用 但还需要提供更多的财力和技术援助 以协助内陆和过境发展中国家有效执行其合作协定和安排 | 10. International conventions, regional and bilateral agreements ratified by Governments are the main vehicles through which harmonization, simplification and standardization of rules and documentation can be achieved. Many landlocked and transit developing countries have undertaken measures to strengthen their transit transport cooperative arrangements. The international community has played an important role in supporting the normative law and systems reform process but greater financial and technical assistance is required to help landlocked and transit developing countries effectively implement their cooperative agreements and arrangements. |
11. 进出海洋应当依照双边 区域和国际协定和公约行事 | 11. Access to and from the sea should be in accordance with bilateral, regional and international agreements and conventions. |
12. 许多内陆和过境发展中国家也接受了下一种看法 不断变动的过境贸易结构导致在国家和区域各级需要有更有效率的体制安排 私营部门的参与日益增长是这种变动的一种重要表现 尽管公私营部门伙伴关系不断增多 此一程序仍然处于成长阶段 在其能够普遍发展之前需要得到国际社会的支助 | 12. Many landlocked and transit developing countries have also accepted that the changing structure of transit trade result in demands for more efficient institutional arrangements at the national and regional level. An important manifestation of these changes has been increased participation of the private sector. Although public-private sector partnership is on the rise, this process is still in its formative stage and requires support from the international community before it can become widespread. |
13. 过境贸易不断变化就需要那些参与决策 管理职能以及那些负责日常业务的人员通过培训 包括向现有专业人员不断提供进修教育来加强它们的知识和技能 区域过境运输合作涉及采用共同的规则和技术标准 这就需要各国政府和私营部门开始采用新的措施和行动 旨在执行各种承诺 | 13. The changing nature of transit trade requires the enhancement of knowledge and skills of those involved in policy-making, regulatory functions as well as those responsible for day-to-day operations, through training, including continuing education for existing professionals. Regional transit transport cooperation involving adoption of common rules and technical standards require governments and the private sector to introduce new measures and actions designed to implement the various commitments. |
14. 总结而言 会议呼吁 | 14. In conclusion the Meeting called for: |
通过符合国际公约的双边和/或区域协定和安排 加强和加速执行过境运输合作 | (i) Enhancing and accelerating theimplementation of transit transport cooperation through bilateral and/or regional agreements and arrangements in line with international conventions; |
消除损害进出内陆和过境国家贸易竞争能力的无形壁垒 | (ii) The elimination of non-physical barriers which compromise the competitiveness of trade to and from landlocked and transit countries; |
依照双边 区域和多边协定降低高关税 | (iii) The reduction of high tariffs in accordance with bilateral, regional and multilateral agreements; |
在国家和区域各级建立和/或加强贸易和专业协会 | (iv) Establishment and/or strengthening of trade and professional associations at the national and regional levels; |
依照双边 区域和国际协定和公约 促进和保证执行关于简化贸易手续的区域倡议和有助于区域一体化的过境运输系统 | (v) Promoting and ensuring the implementation of regional initiatives on trade facilitation and transit transport systems contributing to regional integration in accordance with bilateral, regional and international agreements and conventions; |
加强各国政府和有关机构的能力 以便有效地进一步推进过境手续和文件的简化 协调和标准化 包括通过战略规划 监测政策和管制改革改善海关过境制度 | (vi) Strengthening the capacities of Governments and related agencies to effectively carry out further simplification, harmonization, standardization of transit procedures and documentation, including the improvement of custom transit systems through strategic planning, monitoring policy and regulatory reforms; |
在国家和区域各级 依照公营和私营部门过境业者之间的双边和区域协定 促进磋商和对话 目的是解决过境和其他有关的业务问题 | (vii) Promotion of consultation and dialogue, in accordance with bilateral and regional agreements between transit operators in the public and private sectors at the national and regional levels with objectives of solving transit and other related operational problems; |
在政策 管制和业务各级 为人力建设提供赠款和优惠资金 | (viii) Provision of grants and concessional financing for human capacity-building at the policy, regulatory and operational levels. |
D. 后继行动 | D. Follow-up actions |
15. 尽管内陆和过境发展中国家担负起主要的责任 执行旨在加强其合作与协作努力的各种措施 国际社会 包括金融和发展机构应当提供更多支助 使得这些国家能够有效地处理其过境运输问题和要求 | 15. While landlocked and transit developing countries bear the primary responsibility to implement measures designed to strengthen their cooperative and collaborative efforts, the international community, including financial and development institutions should provide more support to enable these countries to deal effectively with their transit transport problems and requirements. |
16. 许多内陆和过境发展中国家已经订立了双边和区域协定 并且正在致力加以执行 国际社会应当提供技术和资金支助 以便加速这些协定和安排的实施 | 16. Many landlocked and transit developing countries have concluded bilateral and regional agreements and are making efforts to implement them. The international community should provide technical and financial support to accelerate the implementation of these agreements and arrangements. |
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