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The last five pounds. The vanity pounds. The dream weight. The fantasy weight. The high school weight. Yes, many names are given to the weight - the five pounds - that seems just out of reach no matter how much we exercise and improve our eating habits. But why is it out of reach? Is it all in our heads? Or is it because the body has a set-point or ideal weight - a weight to which it doesn't want to give in? "There is no such thing as ideal body weight," says James, author of "Weight Loss That Lasts." "But your body does resist you when you are trying to lose weight. It gets used to a certain weight over a long period of time and then will defend that weight." In other words, the body's "set point" can be lowered - or raised, he says, but it takes time to reset that new weight. That period of time is at least six months. "I often ask patients, 'What is the lowest stable weight of your adult life?' to get an idea of what is realistic" in terms of weight loss and maintenance , James says. He refers to the body's refusal to change, weight-wise, as an "biological control system that prevents us from going hungry and dying - part of our primitive biology." Some people might get down to their dream weight for a short period but then can't keep it long because the calorie limits are too strict once the body starts defending itself against weight loss. "That's why it's important to set realistic goals," he says. "The idea of the 'ideal weight' or 'dream weight' is really just a useless exercise." But let's say your goal is realistic and has been set by a nutritionist or other weight-loss professionals and _ . What could be going on? The reason is that you need fewer calories the less you weigh. So if you want to continue to drop weight, you have to drop calories and increase calorie-burn. James encourages people to tell the difference between weight loss goals for health reasons and those to do with vanity. "They are different issues," James says. "One is where important health benefits are seen and the other is about vanity - wanting to look good in a bathing suit." What does it mean by saying "you are still plateauing" ?
|
[
"Your weight keeps increasing.",
"Your weight remains unchanged.",
"You are still worrying.",
"You are still dreaming."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Hundreds of people did not get their train tickets through the online train ticketing service after paying the money. The China Railway Customer Service Center said that it would try to solve the problem and return the money in 15 working days. The service center said changes would be made to the online booking system which limited each purchase which is finished in 30 minutes. Many people said that they failed to book tickets because of the time limit in purchase. People who paid without getting their tickets have formed groups on QQ. As many as 400 people had joined the QQ group by Thursday and the group continues to grow. The ticket buyers said their money had been returned through online banks but they didn't get confirmation from the online booking system. They are afraid that they will not be able to get refunds because they don't have the order number given to those who have succeeded in booking. People also said they were unable to inquire through the booking hotline 12306, because it is almost always busy. The China Railway Customer Service Center Website suggested that the online banks didn't return the payment information to the online booking system because of network problems. The online railway booking service was made by the Ministry of Railways on Dec. 21, in order that people can easily buy train tickets during the Spring Festival. Why did many people join the QQ group?
|
[
"They want to get back their refunds.",
"They wanted to book the train tickets.",
"They wanted to chat with each other.",
"They want to get the payment information."
] | 0A
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Mr. Green is quiet and doesn't like talking with people. He likes reading newspapers and playing computer games. He never exercises. Sometimes he watches soccer or basketball games on TV. He likes milk very much and drinks it three times a day. Mrs. Green is a bank clerk .It's a busy but boring job. She works with people and money every day. So she is always tired after work. She likes to take a good rest and goes to bed early after dinner. Usually she goes to bed at 8:30 in the evening and gets up at 6:30 in the morning. Mr. Green is very happy with that. But Mrs. Green isn't, because Mr. Green always talks in her sleep. One morning, Mr. Green sat at table and had breakfast. Mrs. Green asked him,"Why do you always talk in your sleep?"Mr. Green said,"Because I have few chances to talk in the daytime " The next morning after their children all went to school, Mrs. Green asked Mr. Green angrily,"Why did you scold me in your sleep last night?""Because I'm afraid to do it when I'm awake ." Mr. Green doesn't like _
|
[
"talking to people",
"playing computer games",
"reading newspapers",
"watching TV"
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In 1783, Europe was unusually cold and foggy. The rain was acidic. Which event most likely caused the unusual climate in Europe that year?
|
[
"A logging company deforested millions of acres in South America.",
"A major earthquake and tsunami changed the path of the Gulf Stream.",
"A major volcanic eruption released ash and sulfur gas into the atmosphere.",
"An increase in the use of automobiles released more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere."
] | 2C
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
For those who are tired doing the laundry, Samsung has found an answer: a washing machine that can tell you when your laundry is done via a smartphone app(application). Strange though it may seem -- "my wife already does that" was a common response among attendees viewing the device when it was introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) this week -- Samsung is just one of many appliance makers racing to install a large number of internet-connected features in machines in an effort to make them "smart". Last year, it was a refrigerator that tweeted. This year, it's Wi-Fi-enabled laundry machines and fridges that can tell you when your groceries are going bad. The washers and dryers, available starting in the spring, connect to any smartphone through a downloadable application. The phone can then be used as a remote control, so the machines can be turned on and off while their owners is at work or on the bus. Samsung says it's not just something new -- the app connection actually has some practical uses. "If you started to dry clothes in the morning and forgot to take them out, you can go to your phone and restart your dryer for the time when come home, so your clothes are refreshed and ready to go," said spokesperson Amy Schmidt. The company also says that with electricity rate varying depending on the time of day, more control over when the machines are used can help save money. Perhaps, but what they will probably really accomplish is what all good technologies do --enable laziness. Rather than getting up to check on whether the laundry is done, users will instead monitor it on their phones while watching TV. What can be inferred from the common response of the attendees at the CES?
|
[
"The machine will be a big success.",
"their wives like doing the laundry.",
"The machine is unrelated to their life.",
"This kind of technology is familiar to them."
] | 2C
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Color is very important in our daily life. It can influence our choice of purchase when we go shopping and can also affect the way we look and feel. A person can be naturally attracted to one particular color1 while finding another color1 repulsive. The influence of color1 on human emotions and feelings is very powerful and designers, advertisers, artists and even doctors use _ in their professions for different purposes. Every day, without even thinking about it, we use color1 to communicate our feelings. For example, the color1 we choose to wear is one way of expressing ourselves. It says something about the person, how he or she feels, and how he or she wants others to feel about the wearer. In other words, color1 talks. A person who wants to appear stylish and mature will usually wear dark color1s or black. A person who wishes to appear youngish, pure and innocent dresses in white, like the choice of a bride's wedding gown. Also clothed in white are doctors, dentists, nurses and hospital in-patients as the color1 expresses comfort, cleanliness and professionalism. Brown, blue or grey clothes are the usual color1s worn by office workers so as not to draw unnecessary attention to them. They are, in a way, conveying the message that they want to be noticed for their work, not their appearance. People who wear bright, strong color1s like to be attractive and these color1s are particularly popular with actresses, singers and party goers. In the past, common people were not allowed to wear certain color1s. In Thailand, for example, only kings, queens and members of the royal family could wear purple while in ancient China, yellow was the color1 reserved for the emperor and the empress. Nowadays, people can wear whatever color1 they like or as they think appropriate. If a girl chooses to wear a red dress to a party, it implies that she wants to _ .
|
[
"look pretty",
"appear innocent",
"be noticed",
"be an actress"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Every so often, birds, just like humans, do what it takes to feel really, really good. The bird version is to sit on an anthill so that hundreds of ants climb all over their bodies, or even better, some birds pick up mouthfuls of pressed ants and rub themselves all over. Afterwards, the birds either eat the ants or set them free. Scientists call this "anting." It's a common bird practice, and is especially done by the smarter birds. Ravens do it. Magpies do it. However, birds aren't the only animals that use anting --- squirrels, cats, and hedgehogs have all been observed doing the same sort of thing! Why birds "ant" is something of a mystery, but one thought is acceptable. Ants have defensive secretions , chemical weapons they use to fight off other insects and bacteria. So pressed ants help the birds drive the insects away. Similarly, if you cover your body with them, you can move through the forest without worrying about being bitten by insects. Plus, ants are cheap. They are around. However, we have a better explanation. Birds "ant" a lot in spring and summer. For many birds, that's the season for birds to change feathers. So maybe ant secretions are like bath oil; they comfort the skin during feather replacement. A British scientist once declared "the purpose of anting the stimulation and comfort of the body," and that the general effect "is similar to that gained by man from the use of outside stimulants, and perhaps also smoking." And like cigarettes, anting can become a habit. Another study compares anting to "the human habits of smoking and drug taking," and says, "it is enjoyed for the feeling of excitement it results in. So once experienced, it is difficult to stop." That's why you often see mother birds shouting at their babies who come near their first anthill. "Stay away from there, child... Don't touch those ants!" they cry. I don't speak Raven. Or Magpie. But I have been a parent. So some things I know. The practice of anting _ .
|
[
"is unique to birds",
"is a rare phenomenon",
"makes birds feel comfortable",
"provides a main food source for birds"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Compare the motion of three blue jays. Which blue jay was moving at the highest speed?
|
[
"a blue jay that moved 385kilometers south in 10hours",
"a blue jay that moved 310kilometers south in 10hours",
"a blue jay that moved 320kilometers north in 10hours"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
It is thought that crying is hardly an activity encouraged by society. Tear, whether they are of sorrow, anger, or joy, typically make Americans feel uncomfortable and embarrassed. The shedder of tears is likely to apologize, even when a great tragedy was the cause. The observer of tears is likely to do everything possible to put an end to the emotional tears. But judging from recent studies of crying behavior, _ to tears are often inappropriate and may even be counterproductive . Humans are the only animals clearly known to shed emotional tears. Since evolution has given rise to few purposeless physiological responses, it is logical to assume that crying has one or more functions that enhance (increase) survival. Although some observers have suggested that crying is a way to ask for assistance form others (as a crying baby might from its mother), the shedding of tears is hardly necessary to get help. Vocal cries would have been quite enough, more likely than tears to gain attention. So, it appears, there must be something special about tears themselves. Indeed, the new studies suggest that emotional tears may play a direct role in alleviating stress, University of Minnesota researchers who are studying the chemical composition of tears have recently isolated two important chemicals from emotional tears. Both chemicals are found only in tears that are shed in response to emotion. Tears shed because of exposure to cut onion would contain no such substance. Other researchers are investigating the usefulness of tears as a means of diagnosing human ills and monitoring drugs. At Tulane University's Teat Analysis Laboratory Dr. Peter Kastl and his colleagues report that they can use tears to detect drug abuse, to study the causes of "dry eye" syndrome and the effects of eye surgery, and perhaps even to measure exposure to environmental pollutants. From the passage we can infer that _ .
|
[
"it is unnatural for people to shed tears",
"we can reduce our stress by shedding tears",
"shedders of tears can't get help by crying loudly",
"unlike animals, humans can shed tears for survival"
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
At Institute for the Future, game designer Jane McGonigal creates massive multi-player free online role-playing games (MMORPGs), which focus on social changes and environmental problems. She hopes that players will use their new skills to make the real world better. According to Jane, our addiction to gaming is actually a great thing, so long as we use it properly.Speaking at the TED (Technology/Entertainment/Design)2010 Conference, Jane says that people should devote more time to games to build the skills necessary to make the world better.People who take part in MMORPGs develop specialized skills in problem-solving as a team.So, if gamers are willing to take part in role-playing games based on real-world problems,they will be able to work together to find ways that can be used in the real world. Jane focuses on creating the kinds of video games that enable players to make a difference in their own lives and the lives of those around them.In 2007, she helped create a video game called A World Without Oil, in which 1, 800 players tried to find new ways to transport themselves in a world without oil.Even after completing the game, the players focused on the problem and its possible solutions.Her next game, Evoke, takes an even more practical way.Game players are mainly young people in Africa.They will learn to create a business that will help stop problems such as poverty and AIDS on a local level.By the end of the game, players will be guided by experts on how to start their own businesses. "We can make any future we imagine and we can play any games we want," she said at the TED Conference."So let the world-changing games begin." Which of the following is true about MMORPGs? _
|
[
"Role-playing games are real-world problems.",
"They take too much of gamers' spare time.",
"The gamers play different roles in the games.",
"They cost gamers a lot of money to play."
] | 2C
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The constant demands, together with the exhausting effects of interrupted sleep, can make it hard to find the time and energy to exercise or prepare healthy meals. Here are some tips for common problems new moms face: Problem: No time to cook proper meals. When you're caring for a baby, cooking proper meals seems like a luxury. Instead you rely on convenience meals and processed foods. Solution: Try to get more support. Friends, family members, and neighbors are often delighted to help, so don't feel you have to do everything yourself. Use the extra time to prepare some healthy meals. Follow the basic rules of cutting down on fat and increasing fruit and vegetable intake. Problem: Sugary or high-fat snacks. Tiredness can leave you feeling sleepy, run-down, and in need of an immediate help from sweets and high-fat snacks. Solution: Turn snacking to your advantage. Eat high-fiber, low-fat, low-sugar snacks; these will fill you up without adding too many calories. For an energy boost, eat a banana, which is high in potassium -- a mineral essential for muscle and nerve function -- or try a handful of raisins , which are high in iron but low in fat. Problem: No time or energy to exercise. A baby is a constant demand on your time, so you're too tired or busy to exercise. Solution: Increasing activity levels will help you obtain a net calorie loss, while toning exercises will tighten your muscles. Though you may feel too tired to do any exercise, it is worth persevering (,) because in the long run your energy levels will increase. Involve your baby in your postnatal exercises; start by walking with the child in a carriage or sling(;). Swimming is another aerobic exercise that you can both enjoy by joining a mother and baby class. Many pools have childcare facilities, so you can swim a few laps on your own. Problem: Lack of sleep. The new baby interrupts your sleep, _ your energy and leaving you tense and exhausted. Solution: Practice some relaxation techniques whenever you have a few free moments. Meditation, visualization, or yoga can help your body recover and give you more energy. What's the common problem that new moms don't face?
|
[
"Living on convenience meals and processed foods.",
"Having sweets to get rid of tiredness and sleepiness quickly.",
"That new moms find it hard to have time and energy to exercise.",
"Sleeping too long can make them fat."
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Cellphone feels like a part of your body? A global survey has found that most people can't live without their mobiles, never leave home without them and, if given a choice, would rather lose their wallet.[: _ ] Calling mobile phones the "remote control" for life, market research firm Synovate's poll said cell phones are so ubiquitous that by last year more humans owned one than did not. Three-quarters of the more than 8,000 respondents polled online in 11 countries said they take their phone with them everywhere, which Russians and Singaporeans the most attached. More than a third also said they couldn't live without their phone, topped by Taiwanese and again Singaporeans, while one in four would find it harder to replace the mobile than their purse. Some two thirds of respondents go to bed with their phones nearby and can't switch them off, even though they want to, because they're afraid they'll miss something. Mobiles have changed the nature of relationships, with the survey finding a fifth of all respondents set up first dates via text and almost the same number use the same method to end a love affair. Apart from the obvious calling and SMS-ing, the top three features people use regularly on their mobile phones globally are the alarm clock, the camera and the games. As for email and Internet access, 17 percent of respondents said they checked their inboxes or surfed the Web on their phones, led by those in the United States and Britain. One in 10 respondents log onto social networking websites such as Facebook and MySpace regularly via mobile, again led by Britain and the United States.[:Zxxk.Com] Not everyone is tech savvy , however,37 percent of respondents said they don't know how to use all the functions on their phone. According to the survey, _ like surfing the Internet with a cellphone most.
|
[
"Singaporeans",
"Russians",
"Americans",
"Chinese"
] | 2C
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the one true statement.
|
[
"The Golgi is inside the cell membrane in an animal cell.",
"Plant cells can have vacuoles but do not have mitochondria.",
"The endoplasmic reticulum breaks down sugar to release energy that a plant cell can use."
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Children brought up on healthy diets are more intelligent compared with their junk food eating partners, a new research suggests. Kids fed a diet packed high in fats, sugars, and processed foods had lower IQs than those fed pasta , salads and fruit, it was found. The effect is so great that researchers from the University of Bristol said those children with a "healthier" diet may get an IQ improvement. Scientists stressed good diet was essential in a child's early life as the brain grows at its fastest rate during the first three years of life. This indicated head growth at this time is linked to intellectual ability and "it is possible that good nutrition during this period may encourage excellent brain growth" . Scientists tracked the long term health and happiness of around 14,000 children born in 1991 and 1992 as part of the West Country's Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children ( ALSPAC) . Parents were questioned about the types and frequency of the food and drink their children consumed when they were three, four, seven and eight and a half years old. According to their different changing form, these children were marked and given grades which ranged from minus two for the most healthy to10 for the most unhealthy. In the research, IQ was measured of 4,000 children when they were eight and half years old, using a validated test-the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. The results found after taking account of some influential factors, a leading processed food diet at the age of three was associated with a lower IQ at the age of eight and a half , whether the diet was improved after that age. Every l point increase in dietary pattern score was associated with a l.67 fall in IQ. Which of the following is NOT true?
|
[
"Those children with a \"healthier\" diet may get an IQ improvement.",
"Good nutrition at any stage may encourage excellent brain growth.",
"Scientists tracked the long term health and happiness of about 14,000 children.",
"Every l point increase in dietary pattern score was associated with a l.67 fall in IQ."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
O2 molecules stacked on top of each other create weight which is then tallied by a
|
[
"speedometer",
"odometer",
"barometer",
"a microscope"
] | 2C
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Air is blowing a ball equally from east and west, the ball will do what?
|
[
"Move east",
"Move west",
"Move north",
"Move nowhere"
] | 3D
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The time of year a baby is born can shape what profession they will _ in later life, a new study has suggested. Being born in a certain month appears to indicate the possibility of what job a person will end up with, the study by the Office for National Statistics found. Researchers have uncovered that the month in which babies are born could also affect everything from intelligence to length of life. A child born in December is more likely to become a dentist while someone whose birthday falls in January will tend to a debt collector, they found. A February birth appears to increase the chances of being an artist while March babies appear to go on to become pilots. Meanwhile, April and May are said to have a fairly even spread of professions, births in the summer months mean a much lower chance of becoming a high-earning football player, doctor or dentist. The study was gained by researchers who analyzed the birth months of people in 19 separate occupations using information from the last census , the Daily Mail reported. Although these trends may be difficult to explain, relations between birth months and specific health problems have a scientific basis. Spring babies are at greater risk of illnesses including schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, asthma and autism. They may also be less clever than classmates born in other parts of the year. (http://www.ebigear.com/news-115-76605.html) According to the researchers, a child born in March is likely to become _ .
|
[
"a debt collector",
"a pilot",
"a dentist",
"an artist"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
I was born an albino.No one in my family had ever known what an albino was,what it meant to be an albino,and what had to be done differently because I was an albino. My parents treated me just like they treated everybody else.That was just about the best thing they could have done.It helped me trust myself,so when the annoyances came along,I could deal with them. True,my photo always looked like a snowball with two pieces of coal for eyes.Kids would tease me,asking if I was joining the circus and calling me "Whitey".Like most albinos,I had terrible eyesight,and my grades suffered until eventually I overcame my feeling ashamed of myself and realized it was okay to ask to sit in the front of the classroom so I could see the blackboard better.People stared at me when I held reading material right at the tip of my nose so I could see it well enough to read.Even when I was eight or nine.movie-theater clerks started asking me to pay adult prices because I "looked older". The worst part for me was that because my eyesight was so bad,I couldn't play sports very well.I didn't give up trying,though.And I studied harder. Eventually,I got better at school and loved it.By the time I got to college 1 was double majoring,going to summer school and devoting myself to every kind of extracurricular activity I could find.I had learned to be proud of being an albino.I did my best to make "albino" a positive word.And I decided to make my living with my eyes. I couldn't see well enough to play spots,but with a solid education and the drive to do it.I could make a living involved in the field I loved.I've done it now for more than thirty years in print and in video,and now in cyberspace.People make jokes about how I'm the only "blind editor" they know,but most of the time the jokes are signs of respect.And I make jokes about being an albino. I was just a proud albino kid from the coal country of Pennsylvania.I now realize that being born an albino helped me to overcome difficulties,gain confidence,and be proud of my personal achievement and humble about my professional accomplishments. What is an albino according to the passage?
|
[
"Someone with bad eyesight.",
"Someone with some kind of disease.",
"Someone who looks older than his age.",
"Someone who joins the circus."
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the invertebrate.
|
[
"pipevine swallowtail butterfly",
"human",
"whiptail lizard",
"cockatoo"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning . Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms. Certain microorganisms cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release poisons that make people sick. Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops. Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms. When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous. Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
|
[
"Food when poisoned can make people sick.",
"Food poisoning means death.",
"Food poisoning comes in varieties.",
"Food poisoning can be serious."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which object has the most thermal energy?
|
[
"a blueberry muffin at a temperature of 101°F",
"a blueberry muffin at a temperature of 70°F",
"a blueberry muffin at a temperature of 89°F"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Cities with high levels of homeownership--in the range of 75%, like Detroit and St. Louis--had on average considerably lower levels of economic activity and much lower wages and incomes. Far too many people in financial problems are trapped in homes they can't sell, unable to move on to new centers of opportunity. The cities and regions with the lowest levels of homeownership--in the range of 55% to 60% like Los Angeles and New York--had healthier economies and higher incomes. They also had higher levels of happiness and well-being. I was shocked to read these interesting points that Richard Florida made in his recent article. Let me try to understand. The people in Detroit and St. Louis are less happy than the people in New York, and Los Angeles. And, the reason is because of homeownership rates? First, to compare them to New York City (the economic capital of the world), Los Angeles (the entertainment capital of the world) seems unfair. Most people in almost any other city in the world might be less happy! Next, let's try a different way of determining whether renters are happier than homeowners. Why don't we ask them? Fannie Mae's National Housing Survey 2010 reported: 75% of current renters believe owning a home makes more sense. 67% plan to buy a home at some point in the future. When they asked current renters for the major reason to buy a house, these were their answers (they could pick several answers): 78% said it was a good place to raise children. 75% said because they would feel safe. 70% said because you have control of your own space. If you believe renters are happier, you would also have to believe the majority enjoy living in a less safe environment, which wouldn't be a good place to raise children and would be a place where they have less control of their space. Which of the following is a fact?
|
[
"People in Los Angeles earn high incomes because of its low homeownership rate.",
"New York's low homeownership rate increases people's happiness levels.",
"Detroit's high level of homeownership causes its economic problems.",
"St. Louis has a higher level of homeownership than Los Angeles."
] | 3D
|
high_school_microeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Most of us seem to reach our peak of alertness around noon. Soon after that, alertness declines, and sleepiness may set in by mid-afternoon. Your short-term memory is best during the morning--in fact, about 15 percent more efficient than at any other time of day. So, students, take notice: when you are faced with a morning exam, _ to review your notes right before the test is given. However, long-term memory is different. Afternoon is the best time for learning materials that you want to recall days, weeks or months later. Politicians, business executives or others who must learn speeches would be smart to do their memorizing during that time of day. You should try to do most of your studying in the afternoon, rather than late at night. Many students believe they memorize better while burning the midnight oil because their short-term recall is better during the early hours of the morning than in the afternoon. But short-term memory won't help them much several days later, when they face the exam. By contrast, we tend to do best on tasks related to the process of knowing, understanding, and learning numbers during the morning hours. What about sports? During afternoon and early evening, you're able to react the quickest to an outside stimulus--like a baseball speeding toward you. Studies have also shown that late in the day, when your body temperature is peaking, you will consider PE easier and less tiring--whether it actually is or not. That means you are more likely to work harder during a late afternoon or early evening workout, and therefore benefit more from it. In fact, all of your senses--taste, sight, hearing, touch and smell--may be at their keenest during late afternoon and early evening. That could be why dinner usually tastes better to us than breakfast. While all of us follow the same general pattern of ups and downs, the exact timing varies from person to person. It all depends on how your "biological" day is structured. Each of us can increase our knowledge about our individual rhythms. Learn how to listen to the inner beats of your body; let them set the pace of your day. You will live a healthier and happier life. If there is an English exam two weeks later, you should go over English _ for days before that.
|
[
"in the afternoon",
"in the late evening",
"in the early morning",
"right before the exam"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
If you are a high school senior graduating and looking to enter college in 2006, you will take the new exam. The biggest change to the SAT will be the introduction of a new writing section. The writing section will consist of two parts: an essay and a multiple-choice section. Students will be given 25 minutes to respond to a prompt and construct a well-organized essay that effectively deals with the task. The essay question may require students to complete a statement, to react to a quote, or to agree or disagree with a point of view. In any case, a good essay will support the chosen position with specific reasons and examples from literature, history, art, science, current affairs, or even a student's own experiences. Essays will be scored based on the procedures for the current SAT II: Writing Test. Essays will be graded by two independent readers On a scale of 1~6, and their two scores will be combined to form an essay subscore that ranges from 2 to 12. Should the readers' scores vary by more than 2 points, a third reader will score the essay; The readers will be high school teachers and college professors who teach composition. To ensure that essays will be scored in a timely manner, they will be scanned and made available to readers on the Internet for grading purpose. The writing section will also include multiple-choice grammar and usage questions. Some of these questions will call upon students to improve given sentences and paragraphs. Others will present students with sentences and require them to identify mistakes in diction , grammar, sentence construction, subject-verb agreement, proper word usage. The highest possible score on the new writing section will be 800. Scores on the essay and multiple-choice section will be combined to produce a single score. A writing subscore will also be assigned. The highest possible scores on the Critical Reading and Math sections will remain 800 each, making 2,400 a perfect score on the new SAT. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
|
[
"The SAT is designed for high school seniors wishing to enter a college.",
"The writer criticized the multiple-choice in the SAT.",
"Good specific examples are encouraged in essay writing.",
"The SAT consists of the Critical Reading, Math and the Writing sections."
] | 1B
|
high_school_statistics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
An ice cube is placed in a pan. The pan is placed over an open flame. Which change will most likely happen over time?
|
[
"The ice changes to a liquid and back to a solid.",
"The ice changes to a liquid then to a gas.",
"The ice changes to a gas and back to a solid.",
"The ice changes to a gas then to a liquid."
] | 1B
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which are produced during photosynthesis?
|
[
"carbon dioxide and minerals",
"carbon dioxide and sugar",
"oxygen and minerals",
"oxygen and sugar"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Charlie knows how to type.
|
[
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Have you ever considered why you begin yawning too when you see someone yawn? Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? Well, apparently it's because we have mirror neurons in our brains. Put simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate it whether or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about how, we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. But the idea goes further: mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions, they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people. Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to ( for example: "The hand took hold of the ball" ) , the same mirror neurons were _ as when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball). Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning. However, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders. Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with even more information regarding how humans behave and interact. Indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent for neuroscience of what Einstein's theory of relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else does -- well, perhaps you'll understand why. Mirror neurons can explain _
|
[
"why we smile when we see someone else smile",
"why we yawn when we see someone else stay up late",
"why we cry when we are hurt",
"why we cough when we suffer from a cold"
] | 0A
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
For most Chinese university students, the prefix = st1 /USis a favorite destination for further education. But apart from obstacles such as the GRE and TOEFL exams, choosing a good graduate school is no easy task. Admission is very competitive for international students, so it is important to apply to a number of institutions to have a reasonable chance of acceptance. Since the application to most universities requires a certain fee, Chinese students usually choose seven to 17 universities according to their own financial circumstances. Wang Yuwei, a Zhejiang University graduate, sent applications to 15 USuniversities. When the 24-year-old began looking for a USgraduate school in her senior year, she took time to compare the various schools and find the ones most suiting her needs. Now, studying at theUniversityofWashington, she knows that her hard work paid off. "To broaden your chances, at least one third of the applications should be to less selective schools," said Wang. "Applicants shouldn't limit their choices to the most famous institutions." Furthermore, one shouldn't rely on too much on college rankings such as the Gorman Report or US News & World Report's annual league tables. The right school is the one that best meets your own personal needs and interests, rather than someone else's assessment of an institution's prestige . "Usually choices are based on one's personal interests and academic background, but it is important to make sure that your chosen subject is satisfied," said Wang. In the passage the writer uses the example of Wang Yuwei to show _ .
|
[
"you must spend a lot of time comparing the various schools",
"it isn't worthwhile to spend time looking for the right university",
"it is necessary to find the suitable university that meets your personal interests",
"one's own financial circumstances is worth considering"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Writer: Amy Gillett Price:$24.95Fare :$3.99(Ships from and sold by Amazon.com.) INTRODUCTION .................................9 Lesson 1: Bob's Day at Work...........................11 Lesson 2: Bob Returns Home with Bad News.........17 Lesson 3: Ted's Day at School........................23 Lesson 4: Nicole's Day at School.....................27 Lesson 5: Ted Goes Out for the Evening...............33 REVIEW: Lessons 1-5 .................................37 : You can probably read this passage _ .
|
[
"in a textbook",
"on the Internet",
"in a storybook",
"in a report"
] | 1B
|
high_school_macroeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Europe's deadly outbreak of a rare form of E. coli bacteria has brought new attention to food safety issues. One of the problems when people get sick from food is that the simplest question is often difficult or even impossible to answer. Just what did the people eat that made them sick? Of course, one way to avoid these medical mysteries is to keep dangerous organisms out of the food supply. This is easier said than done, but scientists keep looking for new ways. Scientists in the United States have developed an experimental system that uses a high-tech optical scanner. The system is designed to identify the presence of contaminants like soil or animal waste on fresh produce. These can be sources of E. coli. E. coli bacteria naturally live in the intestines of humans and many animals. Most kinds of E. coli are harmless but some can make people sick. The new scanner can also show damage and imperfections that might make the produce unappealing to shoppers. Scientists designed the system at a Department of Agriculture research center in Beltsville, Maryland. Moon Kim of the Agricultural Research Service led the team. MOON KIM: "We were requested, we were asked, to develop a method to detect contamination in produce. So we started with the apple as the model sample." The scanner uses a high-speed camera placed over the conveyer belt that moves the produce along. As the apples move along the belt, the scanner captures images of each piece of fruit. Moon Kim says the team hopes the system will be available before long. MOON KIM: "We are targeting for development in commercial plants for the next several years." The scanner can direct a sorting machine to separate the bad apples from the good ones. The system is currently able to show the surface of only half the apple as it speeds by. The inventers hope to improve the process so it can show the whole surface. What is the main topic of the text?
|
[
"Bacteria.",
"A high-tech scanner.",
"A camera",
"Food safety."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Susan, the US My best friend is Fanny. She is clever and interesting. We always look after each other. The first week we met, I got sick and she looked after me every day. Betty, England My best friend's Ana. She is honest and serious. We were born in the same city in England. Then I moved to America with my family. I thought I would never see Ana again. When I went to college in New York,, Ana and I shared the same room! Ken, Japan I love to spend time with Daisuke because he is funny and smart. We enjoy talking about the funny things we did when we were children , and tell the same stupid jokes over and over again. Lily , Australia Linda is very confident girl and she is really kind. Some people may wonder why Linda and I are best friends because we are totally different, but I think this is why we are such good friends. What is Linda like
|
[
"Confident and kind",
"Funny and smart",
"Honest and serious",
"Clever and interesting"
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Very soon a computer will be able to teach you English. It will also be able to translate any language for you,too. It's just one more incredible result of the development of microprocessors - those tiny parts of a computer commonly known as "silicon chips". So give up going to classes, stop buying more textbooks and relax. In a couple of years you won't need the international language of English. Already Texas Instruments in the United States is developing an electronic translation machine. Imagine a Spanish secretary, for example, who wants to type a letter from the boss to a businessman in Sweden. All he or she will have to do is this: first type the letter in Spanish. The letter will appear on a television screen. After a few seconds the translated letter will appear on another television screen in Stockholm in perfect Swedish. And that's not all. Soon a computer will be able to teach you English, if you really want to learn the language. You'll sit in front of a television screen and practice endless structures. The computer will tell you when you are correct and when you are wrong. It will even talk to you because the silicon chips can change electrical impulses into sounds. And clever programmers can predict the responses you, the learner, are likely to make. So think of it.You will be able to teach yourself at your own pace.You will waste very little time,and you can work at home.And if after all that,you still can't speak English,you can always use the translating machine.In a few years,therefore,perhaps there will be no need for BBC Modern English,or BBC English by Radio programmes - no more textbooks or teachers of English.Instead of buying an exciting new textbook,the computer will ask you to replace it with a microprocessor.Fast,reliable and efficient language learning and translating facilities will be available to you.Think of that,no more tears or embarrassing moments.One little problem is that a computer can't laugh yet - but the scientists are working on it.Happy learning! According to the writer, "you won't need the international language of English" because _ .
|
[
"learning English will no longer be a difficult task",
"textbooks are no longer necessary",
"it's better to buy a computer than to go to classes",
"the computer will be able to translate any language for you"
] | 3D
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In an accurate diagram of the solar system, which object would be shown closest to Earth?
|
[
"the Moon",
"the asteroid belt",
"Mars",
"Saturn"
] | 0A
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
More and more Chinese people care for their own health. I come from England. I came to China five years ago. I began to learn cooking Chinese food from my father. When I was fifteen, I began to help my mother in the kitchen. My father is a very famous cook in Beijing. So he taught me many things about cooking. In the past three years, I never stopped learning cooking. When I saw a book called The disease eating out can be gone back again by eating (<<>> ), I began studying the book. .The writer of the book is Zhang Wuben. He said he was a famous nutritionist and well-known traditional Chinese doctor. He asked the people to eat eggplant and gram . In China, Zhang Wuben's book has been popular in the past few years. My father was invited to talk about the book in May, 2010. A large number of Chinese people believe they should eat eggplant and gram to be healthy. I have visited a lot of Chinese restaurants in Beijing and studied hundreds of restaurant menus. I talked to lots of doctors about eating and nutrition . They thought that Zhang Wuben's words _ the science. He told a lie. The fact is that it's important for us to eat a balanced diet and not just to eat eggplant and gram. Why did most of Chinese people believe to eat eggplant and gram to be healthy?
|
[
"Because the people think Zhang Wuben is a famous nutritionist and doctor.",
"Because the people like eggplant and gram best.",
"Because the people don't believe doctors.",
"Because hundreds of restaurants are closed."
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In a single year, a giant globe will do this to a giant star.
|
[
"fight",
"burn",
"circle",
"explode"
] | 2C
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A few degrees can make a big difference when it comes to food storage.Foods can go bad if they get too warm.But for many of the world's poor, finding a good way to keep food cool is difficult.Refrigerators are costly and they need electricity. Yet spoiled food not only creates health risks but also economic losses.Farmers lose money when they have to throw away products that they cannot sell quickly. But in nineteen ninety-five a teacher in northern Nigeria named Mohammed Bah Abba found a solution.He developed the "Pot-in-Pot Preservation/Cooling System." It uses two round containers made of clay.A smaller pot is placed inside a larger one.The space between the two pots is filled with wet sand.The inner pot can be filled with fruit, vegetables or drinks.A wet cloth covers the whole cooling system. Food stored in the smaller pot is kept from spoiling through a simple evaporation process.Water in the sand between the two pots evaporates through the surface of the larger pot, where drier outside air is moving.The evaporation process creates a drop in temperature of several degrees.This cools the inner pot and helps keep food safe from harmful bacteria.Some foods can be kept fresh this way for several weeks. People throughout Nigeria began using the invention.And it became popular with farmers in other African countries.Mohammed Bah Abba personally financed the first 5,000 pot-in-pot systems for his own community and five villages nearby. In 2000, the Rolex Watch Company of Switzerland honored him with the Rolex Award for Enterprise.This award recognizes people trying to develop projects aimed at improving human knowledge and well-being.A committee considers projects in science and medicine, technology, exploration and discovery, the environment and cultural history.Winners receive financial assistance to help develop and extend their projects.The award is given every two years.The most recent one was given last year. The evaporation process of the cooling system is used to _ .
|
[
"prevent the loss of water",
"cause dry and wet air to exchange",
"keep the stored food dry",
"take heat away from the inner pot"
] | 3D
|
college_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Adding something poisonous to an environment and harming it is called what?
|
[
"dirtying",
"liking",
"cleaning",
"observing"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
If a high percentage of water is visible in the air?
|
[
"this is called heat and it is unsafe to drive in",
"this is called fog and it is safe to drive in",
"this is called heat and is safe to drive in",
"this is called fog and is unsafe to drive in"
] | 3D
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Prolonged sweating in hot weather means
|
[
"your going to change into a new animal",
"you're ready to travel through time",
"you are going to fill a swimming pool",
"your organs are unable to get replenished"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Researchers at the University of Kansas say that people can accurately judge 90 percent of a stranger's personality simply by looking at the person's shoes. "Shoes convey a thin but useful slice of information about their wearers," the authors wrote in the new study published in the Journal of Research in Personality."Shoes serve a practical purpose, and also serve as nonverbal cues with symbolic messages.People tend to pay attention to the shoes they and others wear." Medical Daily notes that the number of detailed personality traits detected in the study include a person's general age, their gender, income, political affiliation, and other personality traits, including someone's emotional stability. Lead researcher Omri Gillath said the judgments were based on the style, cost, color and condition of someone's shoes.In the study, 63 University of Kansas students looked at pictures showing 208 different pairs of shoes worn by the study's participants.Volunteers in the study were photographed in their most commonly worn shoes, and then filled out a personality questionnaire. So, what do your shoes say about your personality? Some of the results were expected: People with higher incomes most commonly wore expensive shoes, and flashier footwear was typically worn by extroverts . However, some of the more specific results are intriguing.For example, "practical and functional" shoes were generally worn by more "agreeable" people, while ankle boots were more closely aligned with "aggressive" personalities. The strangest of all may be that those who wore "uncomfortable looking" shoes tend to have "calm" personalities. And if you have several pairs of new shoes or take exceptional care of them, you may suffer from "attachment _ " spending an inordinate amount of time worrying about what other people think of your appearance. There was even a political calculation in the mix with more liberal types wearing "shabbier and less expensive" shoes. The researchers noted that some people will choose shoe styles to mask their actual personality traits, but researchers noted that volunteers were also likely to be unaware that their footwear choices were revealing deep insights into their personalities. We learn from the text that shoes one wears may _ .
|
[
"be used to judge others' personality accurately",
"show thick and useful information about one's personality",
"convey useful information including one's emotional stability",
"only convey some information about one's personality"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The day after Thanksgiving is considered the first day of the holiday shopping season in the prefix = st1 /United States. It even has a name -- "Black Friday." The name comes from the idea that this is the day when store owners begin to show a profit for the year. In the past, before calculators and computers, workers recorded the profits and losses of American businesses in special books. They used red ink to record losses. They used black ink to record profits. They used the term "in the red" to mean losing money. "In the black" meant making a profit. So "Black Friday" was the day when the store owners moved from being "in the red" to "in the black." Many people consider "Black Friday" to be the busiest shopping day of the year. But that is probably false. Researchers say it may be the day when the largest number of people go to stores. But it is not necessarily the day when shoppers spend the largest amount of money. Some experts say Americans just want to get out of the house the day after Thanksgiving. And many stores reduce some of their prices on "Black Friday." However, experts say that many people wait until much closer to Christmas, December 25, hoping to find even lower prices. They say the busiest day of the year in terms of the amount of shoppers and sales is usually the Saturday before Christmas. A marketing services company carried out a public opinion study about shopping last month. It asked almost one thousand Americans about their gift buying plans. One-third said they plan to go to stores to shop on the day after Thanksgiving. The study found that these shoppers are mainly young people, probably because older people do not want to deal with huge crowds. In fact, business leaders say many older Americans are doing their shopping at home -- on the computer. They say the day most people shop online is the Monday after "Black Friday." They even have a name for it -- "Cyber Monday." From the passage we can conclude that _ .
|
[
"Stores failed to earn much money from older people on \"Black Friday\".",
"\"Cyber Monday\" has a larger amount of sales than \"Black Friday\".",
"All young people prefer going to stores on \"Black Friday\".",
"Older people like shopping on-line because of cheaper prices."
] | 0A
|
high_school_microeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Kids are far better than adults at learning how to speak multiple languages. Research now shows that very young infants might have some of the best language skills of all. A new study suggests that babies between 4 and 6 months old can tell the difference between two languages just by looking at the speaker's face. They don't need to hear word. Sometimes between 6-8 months of age, babies raised in homes where just one language is spoken lose _ . Babies from bilingual homes, on the other hand, keep the face-reading ability until they're at least 8 months old. Researchers in prefix = st1 /Canadastudied 36 infants from English-speaking families. Twelve of the babies were 4 months old,12 were 6 months old, and the rest were 8 months old. Each baby sat on his or her mother's lap and watched video clips of a woman talking. The woman was fluent in both English and French. In some clips, she read from a storybook in English. In other clips, she read in French. In all of the videos there was no sound. After watching clip after clip of the woman reading in just one language, the babies eventually started to look away, apparently because they were bored. The researchers then showed the babies a new silent clip of the woman reading a story in the other language. At that point, the 4-month-olds and 6-month-olds started looking at the screen again. The 8-month-old,by contrast, paid no attention. That suggests that a baby's ability to distinguish between languages get lost before 8 months of age. "Visual information about speech may play a more critical role in language learning than previously expected," says researcher psychologist Whitney. It's not yet clear, she adds, which part of the speaker's face babies are looking at for clues. Next, scientists want to see whether babies can match faces with the voices of foreign-language speakers. If babies can do this, the scientists would then like to know if this ability also declines toward the end of the first year of life. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage ?
|
[
"All the infants in the study are of the same age.",
"The infants could hear the woman's voice while watching the videos.",
"The stories the woman read were written in either French or German.",
"It's still unknown how infants could tell the difference between languages."
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A scientist on a field trip discovered a new organism. She examined its cells under a microscope and observed several different structures, including a nucleus, a cell wall, and some chloroplasts. This organism would correctly be classified in which of the following kingdoms?
|
[
"Animalia",
"Monera",
"Plantae",
"Fungi"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Some objects conduct electricity. Which object is the best conductor of electricity?
|
[
"a metal fork",
"a wood spoon",
"a plastic comb",
"a rubber eraser"
] | 0A
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A man punished his 5-year-old daughter for wasting some expensive gold wrapping paper. Money was little and he became more upset when the child used the gold paper to decorate a box and put it under a Christmas tree. However, the little girl brought the gift box to her father the next morning and said, " This is for you, daddy." The father was embarrassed by his earlier anger, but he got angry again when he found the box empty. He spoke to her in a serious manner, "Don't you know young lady, when you give someone a present, there's supposed to be something inside the package?" The little girl looked up at him with tears in her eyes and said, "Oh Daddy, it is not empty.I blew kisses into it until it was full." The father was moved. He fell on his knees and put his arms around his little girl and he begged her to forgive his unnecessary anger. An accident took the life of the child away only a short time later and it is told that the father kept the gold box by his bed for all the years of his life. Whenever he was discouraged or faced difficult problems, he would open the box and take out an imaginary kiss and remember the child who had put it there. The man easily got angry because _ .
|
[
"his daughter often wasted water",
"his daughter didn't send him gifts",
"his family was very poor",
"his daughter asked him for gifts"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which tennis ball has a lower temperature?
|
[
"the tennis ball with less thermal energy",
"the tennis ball with more thermal energy"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Cats are creatures of habit. They like to go to sleep about the same time every day and for a certain length of time. They seem to have a natural clock inside them that tells them when to sleep. Cats increase their regular sleep with occasional cat naps . Some experts feel that humans could also benefit from this habit. Cat naps help to build up energy in the body. They are also a good way to get rid of trouble! Since cats have the same moods as humans, some experts believe that people can improve their moods. People might become happier. A number of famous people have copied cats by taking cat naps during the day. The naps would usually last from 15 to 30 minutes. Winston Churchill took cat naps. So did Presidents Harry Truman, John F. Kennedy, and Lyndon B. Johnson. These famous men were known for their energy. They were also able to work long hours, often into the night. Napping was their secret. From this selection we know that cats _ .
|
[
"do not have regular sleep",
"have occasional sleep as well as naps every day",
"take naps to add to their regular sleep",
"take naps when they are not happy"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Better think twice before choosing a _ for email, online bank or shopping. Simple passwords are easy to be stolen. A password is like a key to your home. If someone steals it, he'll get chances to steal something else. We use passwords everywhere in our life. We are so used to passwords that we don't pay any attention to them until we lose or forget one. A study of 28,000 passwords recently stolen from a popular website showed that people often do the easy thing. It found that 16% took a first name as a password. Another 14% used the easiest keyboard combinations such as "12345678"or "QWERTY". 5% of the stolen passwords were names of television shows or stars popular with young people. 3% of the passwords expressed feelings like "I don't care", "Whatever", "I love you" or their opposite, "I hate you". Robert Graham, who did the study, advises people to choose a password that is longer than eight characters with one capital letter and one symbol. Of course, safe passwords don't mean those hard to remember. Forgetting your password is sometimes a big headache for you. Maybe, the perfect password is easy for you and hard for others. ,,. How many percent(%) of the stolen symbol were the easiest keyboard combinations?
|
[
"16%",
"14%",
"5%",
"3%"
] | 1B
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Dear Dad, Today I was at the shopping mall and I spent a lot of time reading the Father's Day cards.They all had a special message that in some way or another reflected how I feel about you.Yet as I selected and read,it occurred to me that not a single card said what I really want to say to you. You'll soon be 84 years old,Dad,and you and I will have had 55 Father's Days together.I haven't always been with you on Father's Day but I've always been with you in my heart. You know,Dad,there was a time when we were separated by the generation gap.You stood on one side of the Great Divide and I on the other. The Father Daughter Duel shifted into high gear ( ) when you taught me to drive the old Dodge and I decided I would drive the '54 Chevy whether you liked it or not.The police officer who sent me home,after you reported the Chevy stolen,didn't have much tolerance for a stub!born 16 year old,while you were so tolerant about it,Dad,and I think that was probably what made it the worst night of my life. Our relationship greatly improved when I married a man you liked,and things really turned around when we began making babies right and left.Somewhere along the line,the generation gap disappeared.I suppose I saw us and our relationship as aging together,rather like a fine wine. But the strangest thing happened last week.I was at a stop sign and I watched as you turned the corner in your car.It didn't immediately occur to me that it was you because the man driving looked so elderly and fragile behind the wheel of that huge car.It was rather like a slap in the face delivered from out of nowhere.Perhaps I saw your age for the first time that day. I guess what I'm trying to say,Dad,is what every son and daughter wants to say to their Dad today.Honoring a father on Father's Day is about respect and sharing and acceptance and tolerance and giving and taking.It's about loving someone more than words can say,and it's wishing that never had to end. I love you,Dad. Love, Jenny Why did Jenny feel strange when she saw her father last week?.
|
[
"She seldom saw him driving that huge car.",
"She had never realized his being old and weak.",
"She didn't expect to meet with him there.",
"She had never seen him driving so slowly before."
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Smoking is the single worst thing you can do for your health. Fortunately, it's never too late to get the benefits of quitting. If you've tried to quit before and failed, it's time to make up your mind and try again. Smoking is responsible for one of every five deaths. That includes 29% of all cancer deaths, 87% of all lung cancer deaths, and nearly 20% of all deaths from cardiovascular disease. But long before smoking kills you, it ages you. You can see for yourself that smoking accelerates the drying and wrinkling of the skin. But there are less obvious effects as well. Indeed, smoking takes years away from your life. Nearly half of all chronic smokers die an average of 20 to 25 years before their time. Besides an early death from cancer or heart disease, smoking can cause lung disorders. People who smoke over a pack a day have almost three times the risk of contracting pneumonia than that of nonsmokers. By lowering levels of estrogen in men and women, smoking speeds bone less. If a woman smokes a pack of cigarettes every day, she will enter menopause with 5 to 10% less bone mass than a nonsmoker. The good news is that no matter what your age is or how long you've smoked, you'll live longer if you quit today. The Coronary Artery Surgery Study examined nearly 2,000 long-term smokers over age 54. Those who quit had significantly lower death rates six years later than those who didn't. Even the oldest ex-smokers had a higher survival rate. Not only will live longer if you quit, you'll feel better, breathe easier, and find that you have more energy. You'll have fewer respiratory infections,headaches, and stomachaches. What's more, you'll save money. Your clothes and breath won't smell unpleasant any longer. And your habit won't annoy--or threaten the health of --the people who live and work with you. What is the passage mainly about?
|
[
"The ways of quitting smoking.",
"The harm of smoking to people.",
"The benefits of quitting smoking.",
"The relationships between smoking and diseases."
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Scientists have created a " human-like robot" that can dance and do the housework. " Mahru" has been developed to imitate humans and can move its lips, eyebrows and pupils . The machine can also move its upper and lower body freely and automatically stop itself when walking. In addition, it has been programmed to give out two kinds of pleasant smells to match its emotions. The 1.5 tall robot was produced by researchers at the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) and is the first South Korean- developed machine of its kind. "'Mahru' will open the way for the commercial use of humanoid robots doing housework," You Bum-Jae, leader of the development research team ,said. "'Mahru' can dance while walking on its legs and is able to work in place of a human." Through an advanced motion capture system, "Mahru" can follow a variety of human movements and move its hands freely enough to deal with any obstacles that may get in its way when walking. State-funded KIST showed the robot during a presentation at its head office in Seoul. People here were treated to an entertaining demonstration which saw the robot show off the full range of its skills, most notably s series of dance moves. The research team added that they had designed another " Mahru", this time with sensors allowing it to distinguish between faces and objects. The showing of " Mahru" came a week after researcher in Japan said they had created the "most human-like" robot in the world. A team at robotics department of Osaka University in Japan claimed that " robogirl", Repliee R-1, " looks, moves and interacts like a human, and has silicone skin that feels almost human to the touch." Mahru made by KIST can do the following things EXCEPT _
|
[
"dance with other human -like robots",
"move its body freely",
"stop automatically when walking",
"express certain feelings through smells"
] | 0A
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Birds in cities are damaging their health by trying to sing above the noise of urban life. New research shows that male birds are trying to compete against traffic and city sounds.They are now singing louder and at higher frequencies,which could harm their vocal cords .Some birds are choosing to sing at night instead of during the day.This makes them more open to attack and also creates stress and exhaustion. "The difference between urban and rural birdsong is becoming so big that the two groups could now be unable to communicate.This could lead to inbreeding and a weak gene poo1."said Dr Sue Anne Zollinger of the.University of St Andrews. According to Zollingar,a bird group with a small gene pool might adapt less quickly to new diseases and could be wiped out. A study of the dawn chorus found that birds in Berlin sang up to 14 decibels louder than those in the forest.The birds sang loudest on weekday mornings. "By trying to sing over the sound of the city,birds ale rising vocal injury,"said Zollinger."All this puts the same strain on a bird's vocal cords as when a human need to shout to be heard--except that the birds are doing it all day,every day,"she said. "Singing under such pressure means birds have less control over the sound they produce.Their songs may lose quality and become more rough--sounding."said Zollinger.This could make them appear less attractive to female birds. Mark Constantine,author of The Sound Approach to Birding,said:"Birdsong is important for our quality of life and has been proved to reduce our blood pressure.When we live in the centre of large,urban areas,we get stressed and it's extremely good to have birdsong around us.The impact on humans of birdsong is massive.It harms us,as well as the birds,if their songs become louder and simpler. According to the passage,urban and rural birds might not be able to _ .
|
[
"recognize each other",
"communicate with each other",
"1ive with each other",
"compete against each other"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Electronic book publishing has many of the same risks and opportunities as electronic music publishing. By delivering text direct to the user's computer screen, the e-book could cut down costs, and allow creators to deal directly with their audience, bypassing traditional publishers and readers. But it also raises the possibility of mass piracy . Phil Rance, founder and managing director of Online Originals, a London-based e-book publisher, sums it up. "No one wants Napster to happen to books." Indeed, the most popular MP3 have put the frighteners on an industry that generally operates some way behind the "bleeding edge". The Mata Group, a leading US-based market researcher, says publishers are far too concerned about protecting their rights, "We believe all the recent legal control over Napster is like putting a finger in a river that is already overflowing. Publishers need to deal with reality and come up with new ways to develop wide electronic distribution , asking the question: 'How can we use the certainty of wide distribution to our advantage?'" At the moment, most publishers would like to limit the use of e-books to the person who bought them, or to the computer used to download them. If that can be done, e-books become just an extra income stream in a publishing industry that would continue to operate the way it does today, according to Terry Robinson, business manager for Adobe's e-paper group. "If you've cracked digital rights aspect, you've cracked the market," he says. Robert Nichols, Books Director at BOL agrees, "Rights management is absolutely important. Publishers just say that 'until copyright is secure, we're not going to talk'." What do publishers care most about e-books?
|
[
"Copyright.",
"Price.",
"Quality.",
"Popularity."
] | 0A
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Many children think mobile phones are cool. They come in fun colors and let you talk with friends anytime and anywhere. In the U.S., more than 90 million people use mobile phones. Many of these people are children. For children, mobile phones are more than phone calls. They are fashionable. Most mobile phone users don't think about the health problems caused by mobile phones. Some scientists say that mobile phones give off radiation that might be bad for the users. One newest study shows that mobile phone radiation might raise a person's chance of getting some kinds of cancer . Other scientists say mobile phones don't' threaten people's health. They say that they have not found any link between phone use and cancer. Scientists say that people can protect themselves from mobile phone radiation. One way is to use a headset . Or people can make shorter call. Some scientists think mobile phones aren't _ for users health. They causes some kinds of cancer
|
[
"bad",
"good",
"wrong",
"helpful"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
WHAT is your favorite drink ? A bottle of cola ? If so , be careful ! Soft drinks are not all that healthy. They are bad for your teeth and make you fat . How about energy drink ?Sporty kids like them very much .This kind of drink has caffeine in it .It makes children active in sports . But don't drink too much .Or you will not sleep well ,maybe you'll find it hard to concentrate in class .Energy drinks also have acid .This is bad for your teeth . So what can you drink ? Don't worry ,here are some cool and healthy drinks .Let's take a look . Water Water ? That's right . It is the best and bealthiest drink . Water has no sugar or calories .It won't give you bad teeth or make you fat. How much water should you drink every day ? US research group Mayo Clinic suggest at least eight glasses of water a day (240 ml water a glass) Juice If you don't like fresh fruits and vegetables , 100 percent of juice can be goood .But don't drink too much , no more than 240 ml every day is good for you.Remember : If you open a bottle of fresh juice , please drink it in one go ,or it will go bad . Milk Milk helps you build a healthy body.Milk is rich in protein , vitamin D and calcium .They are all good for children's bones and teeth. The best and healthiest drink is _
|
[
"cola",
"milk",
"water",
"juice"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What information supports the conclusion that Bryce inherited this trait?
|
[
"Bryce likes to wear a blue sweater to match his blue eyes.",
"Bryce's mother has blue eyes. She passed this trait down to Bryce."
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
We talk every day. When we have good news, we like to share it with our good friends and when something terrible happens, we tell it to others soon. But can you imagine that a tree can talk and share news too ? Of course, no tree moves _ and says words just as people do. Strange as it may sound, though, some trees do manage to communicate with each other. Willow trees are the best-known of these trees. When insects begin nibbling a willow tree, the tree sends out a special smell at once. This smell tells the other willows that harmful insects are coming near. All of them quickly make a chemical in their leaves. This chemical is bad to the insects. The insects do not like it and they fly away soon. In this way, the willow trees protect themselves from the insects. The next time when you take a walk in the woods, maybe the trees are "talking" to each other quietly. And when someone says that trees cannot "talk", please tell them that even trees give messages to each other, too. Willow trees send messages with _ .
|
[
"words",
"movements",
"smells",
"sounds"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
As a preteen in New York, Whitney Johnson volunteered at soup kitchens and delivered clothes to the homeless. While at college, she started an English-language tutoring program for immigrant children. No one was surprised, then, when she chose to volunteer in an orphanage in Khayelitsha, one of South Africa's poorest areas, during her junior year abroad. At the orphanage, Johnson discovered most of the children infected with HIV at birth, many abandoned by parents too sick to care for them, or neglected by surviving s. Few were receiving the care needed to stay healthy. Many died. When she left, all she wanted to do was go back and change what she had seen. After graduation, Johnson began a fund-raising effort that eventually collected enough money to found UBA, a nonprofit organization intended to provide services for HIV-positive kids aged 4 to 18 in Khayelitsha. Now UBA is housed in a church big enough for offices and the children. The staff includes counselors , a social worker, a nurse, a cook, and a handful of volunteers, ensuring that each child has access to proper care, a free healthy meal, and emotional support. Once a week, she makes sure the children receive age-appropriate lessons about AIDS. The social worker sees to it that the kids are enrolled in school and have safe living conditions-especially those without parents. Johnson plans to soon relocate UBA to an even larger location with more medical staff and a field"so the kids can run around and just feel like kids." She's also working with the South African Department of Health so that the new center can distribute drugs and give blood tests. "Many people think that HIV means death, but it doesn't," Johnson says. "There's so much that can be done." In the five years since the center opened, not one of the 200 kids in the program has died. "It's so emotional to see the strong, independent people they become." One teenage girl who had received help at UBA even announced that she wanted to become a nurse. After graduating from college, Whitney Johnson _ .
|
[
"volunteered at soup kitchens in New York",
"went to study abroad for a year",
"started an English-language tutoring program",
"began collecting money to found UBA"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
If someone asks you, "What colour is the sky?" I think you will answer "blue". I'm afraid that you will be wrong. The sky has no colour. It looks blue because we are looking at the blue sunlight. The sunlight is shining on little bits of dust in the air. Is the sky full of air? I'm sure that you have asked this question, too. We know that there is air all around the world, but we couldn't fly very high because as we go high, the air gets thinner. If we go far enough away from the earth, we find there is no air. Maybe we can answer some questions now. What is the sky? Where is it? It is all round the world. The sky is space . In space there is nothing, but only the sun, the moon, the earth and all the other stars. The sky is _ .
|
[
"a star round the earth",
"a big ball with air",
"full of dust",
"space with the sun, the moon, the earth and many other stars"
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Suppose A, B, and C are statements such that C is true if exactly one of A and B is true. If C is false, which of the following statements must be true?
|
[
"If A is true, then B is false.",
"If A is false, then B is false.",
"If A is false, then B is true.",
"Both A and B are true."
] | 1B
|
college_mathematics
|
mmlu
|
Compare the motion of two mountain bikers. Which mountain biker was moving at a lower speed?
|
[
"a mountain biker who moved 145miles in 10hours",
"a mountain biker who moved 200miles in 10hours"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Select the one substance that is not a mineral.
|
[
"Aquamarine is a solid. It is not made by living things.",
"Candle wax is made by humans. It is a solid.",
"Malachite is formed in nature. It is a pure substance."
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Edward Wilson The Future of Life, . Edward Wilson is America's, if not the world's, leading naturalist. In The Future of Life, he takes us on a tour of the world's natural resources . How are they used? What has been lost? What remains and is it able to continue with the present speed of use? Wilson also points out the need to understand fully the biodiversity of our earth. Wilson begins with an open letter to the pioneer in environment protection, Henry David Thoreau. He compares today's Walden Pond with that of Thoreau's day. Wilson will use such comparisons for the rest of the book. The problem is clear: man has done great damage to his home over the years. Van the earth, with human help, be made to return to biodiversity levels that will be able to support us in the future? Biodiversity, Wilson argues, is the key to settling many problems the earth faces today. Even our agricultural crops can gain advantages from it. A mere hundred species are the basis of our food supply, of which but twenty carry the load. Wilson suggests changing this situation by looking into ten thousand species that could be made use of, which will be a way to reduce the clearing of the natural homes of plants and animals to enlarge farming areas. At the end of the book, Wilson discusses the importance of human values in considering the environment. If you are to continue to live on the earth, you may well read and act on the ideas in this book. Wilson suggests that one way to keep biodiversity is to _ .
|
[
"learn how to farm scientifically",
"build homes for some dying species",
"make it clear what to eat",
"use more species for food"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Scientists have transformed men's minds into avirtual woman's body in an experiment that could throw light upon how humans distinguish themselves form others. In a study at Barcelona University, men wore a virtual reality headset that allowed them to see and hear the world as a female character. When they looked down, they could even see their new body and clothes. The "body-swapping" effect was so convincing that the men's sense of self was transferred into the virtual woman, causing them to react to events in the virtual world they wereimmersed . "This work opens up another avenue for virtual reality, which is not just to transform your sense of place, but also your sense of self," said Mel Slater, "If you can temporarily give people the illusion that their bodies are different, then the evidence suggests it also affects their behavior and the way they think. They can have new experiences: a person who is thin can know what it is like to be fat. A man can have an experience of what it's like to be a woman." During the experiment, a "female" approached and hit the face of the character another man was playing. "Their reaction was immediate," said Slate. "They would take in a quick breath and maybeflinch . The more people reported being in the girl's body, the stronger physical reaction they had." But in all cases, the feeling was temporary and lasted only as long as the study. The study shows that our minds have a very fluid picture of our bodies. The research is expected to shed light on the puzzle of how our brain tells the difference between a part of our own body and something else in the wider world. Thus the work might improve the conditions for those who have experienced strokes by placing them in a world that helps them to use their bodies to the full again. How can a man's mind get into a woman's body?
|
[
"by distinguishing themselves from women",
"by taking part in an activity actively",
"by wearing a special device",
"by transforming his sense of place"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What MAJOR advantage does nekton have over plankton in locating food?
|
[
"Nekton can actively swim.",
"Nekton can see in the dark.",
"Nekton do not eat much food.",
"Nekton can eat anything in the ocean."
] | 0A
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Which would stretch more?
|
[
"metal hair clip",
"gum"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Rene Descartes' explanation of pain has long been acknowledged in medicine. He proposed that pain is a purely physical phenomenon - that tissue injury makes specific nerves send a signal to the brain, causing the mind to notice pain. The phenomenon, he said, is like pulling on a rope to ring a bell in the brain. It is hard to overstate how deeply fixed this account has become. In medicine, doctors see pain in Descartes' terms-- as a physical process, a sign of tissue injury. The limitations of this explanation, however, have been apparent for some time, since people with obvious injuries sometimes report feeling no pain at all. Later, researchers proposed that Descartes' model be replaced with what they called the gate control theory of pain. They argued that before pain signals reach the brain, they must first go through a gating mechanism in the spinal cord . In some cases, this imaginary gate could simply stop pain signals from getting to the brain. Their most _ suggestion was that what controlled the gate was not just signals from sensory nerves but also emotions and other "output" from the brain. They were saying that pulling on the rope need not make the bell ring. The bell itself--the mind-- could stop it. This theory led to a great deal of research into how such factors as mood, gender, and beliefs influence the experience of pain. In a British study, for example, researchers measured pain threshold and tolerance levels in 53 ballet dancers and 53 university students by using a common measurement: after immersing your hand in body-temperature water for two minutes to establish a baseline condition, you put your hand in a bowl of ice water and start a clock running. You mark the time when it begins to hurt: that is your pain threshold. Then you mark the time when it hurts too much to keep your hand in the water: that is your pain tolerance. The test is always stopped at 120 seconds, to prevent injury. The results were striking. On average female students reported pain at 16 seconds and pulled their hands out of the ice water at 37 seconds. Female dancers were almost three times as long on both counts. Men in both groups had a higher threshold and tolerance for pain, but the difference between male dancers and male nondancers was nearly as large. What explains that difference? Probably it has something to do with the psychology of ballet dancers--a group known for self-discipline, physical fitness, and competitiveness, as well as by a high rate of chronic injury. Their driven personalities and competitive culture evidently accustom them to pain. Other studies along these lines have shown that outgoing people have greater pain tolerance and that, with training, one can reduce one's sensitivity to pain. There is also striking evidence that very simple kinds of mental suggestion can have powerful effects on pain. In one study of 500 patients undergoing dental procedures, those who were given a placebo injection and promised that it would relieve their pain had the least discomfort-- not only less than the patients who got a placebo and were told nothing but also less than the patients who got actual drug without any promise that it would work. Today it is abundantly evident that the brain is actively involved in the experience of pain and is no more bell on a string. Today every medical textbook teaches the gate control theory as fact. There's a problem with it, though. It explains people who have injuries but feel no pain, but it doesn't explain the reverse, which is far more common-- the millions of people who experience chronic pain, such as back pain, with no signs of injury whatsoever. So where does the pain come from? _ . The author implies that the reason why the gate control was "amazing" was that it _
|
[
"offered an extremely new and original explanation",
"was just opposite to people's everyday experiences",
"was grounded in an ridiculous logic",
"was so sensible it should have been proposed centuries before"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Dear Editor, I am unhappy these days.I am a student in Grade 3 of a middle school. I want to be a policewoman in the future. But my mother doesn't like the job. She always says it is too dangerous for a girl to work as a policewoman. She thinks girls should work in the office. She hopes that I can work as a teacher. But I really dislike being a teacher. I don't like work with children. When I talk with her about it , she is often angry. She always thinks she is right. I don't know what to do. Can you help me? Yours, Lily Why doesn't Lily's mother like the job as a policewoman?
|
[
"Because it's too busy.",
"Because it's too difficult.",
"Because it's too dangerous.",
"Because it's too boring."
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What information supports the conclusion that Walter inherited this trait?
|
[
"Walter's parents have blond hair. They passed down this trait to Walter.",
"Walter's mother cuts his hair every month."
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
January 1: It has happened. I got a call today saying a little girl in Russia is now my little girl. There are a lot of papers to prepare, and we have to travel to Russia to bring her home, but now it is certain. I think I'll tell some close friends. Jason is so excited. I haven't told Steven yet. How can I tell a seven-year-old that he has a sister who is already five years old? January 10: Today I received a picture of Katerina. The picture is small and not very clear, but I look at it over and over again. I don't know anything else about her. She has lived in a home for children without parents for most of her life. I wonder how I will talk to her. I don't speak Russian, and she doesn't speak English. February 1: Today I showed Katerina's picture to Steven. He is very happy and wants to tell all his friends about his new sister. I want to buy some new clothes for Katerina, but I don't know her size. I haven't received any information from the adoption organization, and I'm feeling a little worried. February 16: Finally! Today we received good news! All the papers are ready and tomorrow we will go to Russia to bring Katerina home with us. February 18: Today I met my daughter for the first time. She is very small, very thin, and very shy. On the way home in the airplane, she slept most of the time. When she woke up, she cried. I am very worried and hope that I can be a good mother to Katerina. February 19: Steven met his sister this morning. Although Katerina was quiet at first, soon she and Steven began to talk in a mix of Russian, English, and hand movements. Steven and his sister get along well together. In fact, he is able to help her talk with Jason and me. I am worried about how Katerina will be in school. Next week she will start school. How will she speak with the other children? How will she understand her teacher?www.ks5u.com March 21: Katerina looks much better now. She is heavier, her hair looks good, and her skin is clear. She loves to watch television with her brother, and she has learned to roller-skate. She is doing well in school, and her English gets better every day. Although she sometimes looks sad, and sometimes cries, most of the time she is happy. I think she is slowly getting used to her new life with us. After only three months, I can't believe I could ever live my life without her. From the passage we know that in her new family Katerina _ .
|
[
"gets very fat",
"becomes depressed",
", remains frightened",
"is well treated"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Two years ago, Wendy Hasnip, 47, experienced a brain injury that left her speechless for two weeks. When she finally recovered, she found herself talking with what seemed to be a French accent: "I phoned a friend the other day, and she spent the first ten minutes laughing," Hasnip said at the time. "While I have nothing against the French." Hasnip suffered from foreign accent syndrome , a rare condition in which people find themselves speaking their own language Like someone from a foreign country. The condition usually occurs in people who have experienced a head injury or a stroke a sudden loss of consciousness, sensation, or movement caused by a blocked or broken blood vessel in the brain. The condition was first identified during the Second World War in a Norwegian woman whose head was injured during an attack by the German military. The woman recovered but was left with a German-sounding accent, to the horror of fellow villagers who avoided her after that. Researchers have discovered that the combined effect of the damage to several parts of the brain makes victims lengthen certain syllables, mispronounce sounds, and change,the normal pitch of their voice. Those changes in speech add up to what sounds like a foreign accent. Another researcher, a phonetician ,says victims of the syndrome don't acquire a true foreign accent. Their strangely changed speech only resembles the foreign: accent with which it has a few sounds in common. When an English woman named Annie recently developed foreign accent syndrome after a stroke, she spoke with what seemed to be a Scottish accent. However, Annie's Scottish coworkers said she didn't sound at all like a Scot. If a person suffers foreign accent syndrome _ .
|
[
"his coworkers will be afraid of him and avoid contacting with him",
"he has more chance of suffering stroke again",
"he will speak a fluent foreign language like native speakers'",
"his speech only has a few sounds in common with the foreign accent"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Giant sunflowers? Maybe you like potatoes, tomatoes, or carrots.Or maybe you prefer green leafy house plants, tiny plants in a container, wildflowers that you can dry to save, or a butterfly garden. Whatever you hope to grow, knowing some gardening basics will give you a much better chance of success. First you will need to choose a good location for your garden.A sunny location usually works best, since all plants need some sunlight and most plants like lots of it.However, there are some plants that need only indirect sunlight, and these plants will do best in shady spots. Check soil too.The best kind of plant soil is called loam ; it is loose soil that crumbles easily.Water drains through it well, and it has lots of nutrients to feed your plants.Soil that sticks together might have too much clay in it.Very loose, dry soil might have too much sand.You can improve the soil in your garden by adding organic materials such as compost, or leaves.ks5u Climate--Check a map of planting zones to choose plants that are right for your area. Mulch --After you have planted your plants, add a layer of mulch on top of the soil.Mulch keeps the soil damp, keeps out pests, and adds more nutrients to the soil. Water - Water your plants early in the day.Plants need about 1 inch of water each week on average. Fertilizer - If you are planting a big garden, use about 1/2 pounds per 100 square feet.If you are just planting a few plants, get a little container of plant food and follow the directions on the label.Plant fertilizer contains the chemicals that make up a plant's diet. What is the text mainly about?
|
[
"Plants you prefer",
"A garden with plants",
"Some gardening basics",
"Giant sunflowers"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is the mass of a small candy bar?
|
[
"60 grams",
"60 kilograms"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
What do these two changes have in common?
a banana getting ripe on the counter
milk going sour
|
[
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are chemical changes."
] | 3D
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Many adults enjoy a cup of coffee to have extra energy on a sleepy morning, and astronauts are no exception. But having a drink in space isn't as easy as it is on the earth. You have to come up with a whole new way to drink, and that' s what scientists are trying to do. "The coffee would be very hard to control in a normal cup," said physics professor Mark Weislogel. "You' d have to shake the cup toward your face and hope that some of the hot liquid floats toward your mouth. When it comes to guessing what liquids will do in new systems, we are often in the dark. " Weislogel believes that creating a big zero - gravity cup would help improve the lives of astronauts in space, so he and other researchers per formed a series of experiments with liquids on the International Space Station (ISS) to see how they move upwards on surfaces in zero gravity. In one of the tests, they placed two surfaces very close together to create a very narrow tunnel. They wanted to see if liquid would easily flow up the tunnel. In another test , the researchers tried to figure out the best angle to place the narrow tunnel at so that the liquids would travel along the corners. The end result is a cup that doesn't look like a normal coffee cup at all. One side of the cup has a very sharp angle and, in zero gravity, the liquid naturally "flows" up that angled side of the cup, right up to the drinker' s lips. The zero-gravity coffee cup is currently being tested on the ISS by astronaut Don Pettit, who worked with the researchers and helped them invent it. " As you sip , more liquid keeps coming , and you can enjoy your coffee in a weightless environment - clear down to the last drop, " said Pettit, who thinks that future humans on Mars will be using this kind of cup to drink during celebrations ! What is the main idea of the passage?
|
[
"When humans will drink coffee on Mars.",
"How humans will drink coffee in zero gravity.",
"How experiments lead to unexpected patents.",
"When a normal cup can be used in space."
] | 1B
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Kenji Croman has broken his bones,his shoulder and elbow, and nearly drowned several times.He's also had three close encounters with sharks over the years.A 10-foot wave landed directly on top of him five years ago,bending his body to the point that he actually kicked himself in the head."I literally heard every bone in my body crack."he said. Croman has been photographing ocean waves since 2008,sometimes risking his life to get that perfect shot at the surf break.Despite the risks and certain injuries that come with wave photography, the Hawaii resident,body surfer and former competitive swimmer wouldn't do anything else.The 36-year-old photographer loves the thrill of meeting breaking waves head on,shooting waves as his interest and shooting surfers to pay the bills. The process of photographing waves requires more than just swimming out to where the surf breaks and waiting,he says.The night before a photo shoot Croman checks Surfline.com,a website and the coastal camera network that provides live and predicted ocean weather information,to see what the winds,waves and tide will be like at certain times.Croman has both a primary camera and a backup for emergencies.He goes without a wetsuit and uses heavy duty underwater housing to protect his camera.There is no great way for him to protect himself.He admits there are probably protective clothes he should be wearing,but there is little he could have done to decrease the impact of the 10-foot wave that crashed on top of him. The hardest part of Croman's job is staying calm in the face of breaking waves when his initial reaction is to panic and swim away.At most.Croman will take two to three shots of a single wave."I've shot waves for so many years now that I see the wave in slow movement,"he said. Why does Kenji Croman check the websites like Surfline.com?
|
[
"To get better prepared for shooting.",
"To predict something about weather.",
"To learn more about surfing waves.",
"To buy better equipment for safety."
] | 0A
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How long is a car key?
|
[
"5 centimeters",
"5 kilometers",
"5 meters",
"5 millimeters"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Squirrels often communicate with whistles, chirps and chucks, which sound like the word "chuck". Whistles and chirps are like the sounds that many birds make.Now scientists have translated some of their squirrel-speak. Hare, a professor of zoology at the University of Maniloha in Winnipeg, and his team managed to record squirrels' alarm calls.The researchers studied the sounds and then played them back to 60 wild squirrels, which the scientists approached individually with a video recorder to capture their reponses.Some squirrels lifted their heads up and became.Alert .Creatures that were more frightened simply ran for their lives and dived into caves. "In effect then, whistles that mix with chucks say 'there's an enemy of average threat that's here', and whistles without chucks say 'there's an enemy of seemingly average threat around here somewhere', while pure chirps say, 'I'm hiding here because there's an immediate danger.' " Hare told.Discovery News. Hare and some other researchers believe such sounds arc part of an advanced language that develops just as all other communication systems. Although squirrels risk their lives when they call out to warn others of threats, other squirrels might admire this behaviour, thus increasingly the caller's social status, like humans who look up to heroes. Hare added that other animals, such as birds, probably understand at least some squirrel language, since they also may benefit from the alarm calls. In fact, another Canadian study found that deep-voiced, black-capped chickadees have their own language too.According to certain research, there are a lot of tidings in chickadees' calls, such as directing fellows' activities, keeping in contact between mates, and raising alarms. While chickadees and other birds are often welcomed into gardens by homeowners, squirrels are frequently viewed as pests . Hare wishes a greater understanding of the complex social lives and communication systems of squirrels will provide "hope that humans will gain a greater appreciation and stop doing harm to these animals". If a squirrel is in a very dangerous situation, it would probably make _ .
|
[
"whistles with chucks",
"pure chirps",
"whistles without chucks",
"repeated chucks"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
American this year will swallow 15,000 tons of aspirin, one of the safest and most effective drugs invented by man. The most popular medicine in the world today, it is an effective pain reliever. Its bad effects are ly mild and it is cheap. For millions of people suffering from arthritis . It is the only thing that works. Aspirin, in short, is truly the 20th-century wonder drug. It is also the second largest suicide drug and is the leading cause of poisoning among children. It has side effects that, although ly mild, are largely unrecognized among users. Although aspirin was at first sold by a German company in1899, it has been around much longer than that. Hippocrates, in ancient Greek, understood the medical value of the leaves and tree bark which today are known to contain salicylates , the chemical in aspirin. During the 19thcentury, there was a great deal of experimentation in Europe with this chemical, and it led to the introduction of aspirin. By 1915, aspirin tablets were available in the United States. A small quantity of aspirin (two-grain tablets) relieves pain and inflammation. It also reduces fever by interfering with some of the body's reactions. Generally speaking, the author seems to be _ .
|
[
"in favour of aspirin",
"against the use of aspirin",
"not interested in aspirin",
"careful in using aspirin"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In America, when people say 'man's best friend', they don't mean another person. Instead, they are talking about a lovely animal--a dog! These words show the friendship between people and animals. Dogs and other pets can give joy to people's lives. _ Animals can help people, too. You can teach dogs to be the 'eyes' for blind people or 'ears' for deaf people. Scientists have found that pets help people live longer! They make people happier, too. Because of that, they bring animals into hospitals for 'visits'. Americans have 'Be Kind to Animals Week' in the first week of May. There are many pet shows during the week. Even if you don't live in America, you can also show your love to animals. How? First think about how animals make your life richer . If you have a pet, take more time this week to play with it. Remember to give it nice food. If you don't have a pet, be kind to animals around you. For example, if you see a street dog, don't kick it. Just leave it alone, or make friends with it. If others around you do bad things to animals, try to stop them. As people, we must protect animals because they can't speak for themselves. What is the main idea of the passage?
|
[
"Animals are man's good friends.",
"Dogs are too noisy.",
"Pets are lovely and needn't care and protection.",
"We have done a lot of things for pets."
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
We always use body language in our daily life. When we have a talk with someone, we may use more body language than words. However, the same body language may mean different things in different countries. That's why people sometimes do not understand each other correctly. Pointing to one part of the body can mean differently in different cultures. For example, in the USA people point to their heads when they think someone is clever. However, in Europe it means "He or she is stupid or something is wrong with his or her head" .In China, nodding heads means "Yes" and shaking heads means "No". However, in parts of Greece and Turkey, they mean just the opposite. In England or the USA, when you raise your hand and make a circle with the thumb and the second finger, it means "Everything is OK." However, if you do this in France or Belgium, it means "You're worth zero." In Greece or Turkey, you should not make this gesture, or you are thought to be very rude. The meaning of gestures can also change over time. In the 1960s, the V sign meant "peace". However, during World War II, it meant "victory". In Greece, it is a very insulting sign. Though the meaning of body language is different, there are some expressions having the same meaning throughout the world. In England, if people point to their heads, it means they think someone is _ .
|
[
"clever",
"stupid",
"beautiful",
"angry"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
I am a single working mother and going to college for a better life for my three-year-old child and myself. I am taking a nurse course called "Urban Community ". We were asked to do a major project on problems in urban communities. I chose the topic "Homeless". Each day I would walk down the streets of the homeless and offer them something to drink and to eat. I know it's tough to survive on the streets. Last night I ran into a group of 30 kids who were living on the streets in New York. _ and I just wanted to cry. But I had to be strong. I asked about their families and if they contacted them to let them know they were alive. Most of them said, "NO!" They all looked like a happy family and they took care of one another. I tried to persuade them to get help and to contact their families but they did not want to. I did not want to make them to do it as they had their own reasons. All these kids were very respectful. None of them was high on drugs nor were they drinking. Some of them enjoyed reading and writing. Some of them enjoyed skateboarding, dancing and playing music. One girl asked me if I could give her a hug and I did so. She started to cry and said, "Thank you for not treating us as freaks like everyone else does. People don't realize that we all have our own problems and some are worse than others." She told me that her stepfather was extremely mean to her and her mother did not believe her. She ran away. Her street name was Little Mary. They were good kids just trying to make ends meet. I told them that I didn't have much to offer because I was a single mother just making ends meet. I had offered them sandwiches and drinks. They were so happy to have something to eat and told me that I couldn't change the world but at least there was someone who really cared. What kind of feeling did the author show when she failed to persuade the children to contact their families?
|
[
"Sorrow",
"Anxiety",
"Anger",
"Understanding"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Bamboo is one of the nature's most surprising plants. Many people call this plant a tree, but it is a kind of grass. Like other kinds of grass, a bamboo plant may be cut very low to the ground, but it will grow back very quickly. A Japanese scientist recorded one bamboo plant that grew almost 1.5 meters in 24 hours! Bamboo grows almost everywhere in the world except Europe . There are more than 1,000 kinds of bamboo that grow around the world on both mountains and plains. Not all bamboo looks the same. Some bamboo plants are very thin. They may only grow to be a few centimeters wide while others may grow to more than 30 centimeters across. This plant also comes in different colors, from yellow to black to green. Many Asian countries have been using bamboo for hundreds of years. They often use bamboo for building new buildings. As a matter of fact, the cables hold up the hanging bridge across the Min River in Sichuan are made of bamboo. The bridge has been in use for more than 1,000 years, and is still holding strong. In Africa, engineers are teaching poor farmers how to find water using bamboo. These African countries need cheap ways to find water because they have no money, and their fields often die from no rain and no water. It seems that bamboo is one of the best things they can use. Bamboo pipes and drills can help to make the poor thirsty fields be watered. How is bamboo like grass?
|
[
"It is thin and easy to cut.",
"It grows everywhere.",
"It grows quickly after it's cut short.",
"It is short and green."
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Water will become vapor quicker in
|
[
"Jupiter",
"Earth",
"Mercury",
"Neptune"
] | 2C
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Much of the information we have today about chimpanzees comes from the research of Jane Goodall. From an early age, Jane was interested in animals and animal stories. At the age of 10, she was talking about going to Africa to live among the animals there. At that time, in the early 1940s, _ was a radical idea because women did not go to Africa by themselves. As a young woman, Jane finished school in London and then worked for filmmaker for a while. When a school friend invited her to visit Kenya, she worked as a waitress until she had earned the fare to travel there by boat. She was 23 years old at that time. Once in Kenya, she met Dr. Louis Leakey, a famous paleontologist . He was impressed with her knowledge of Africa and its wildlife and hired her to help him and his wife on a fossil-hunting tour. Dr. Leakey soon realized that Jane was the perfect person to complete a study he had been planning for some time. she expressed her interest in the idea of studying animals by living in the wild with them, rather than studying dead animals like fossils . Jane worked as a waitress so that _ .
|
[
"she could attend school in London",
"she could work for a filmmaker",
"she could have the money to go to Kenya",
"she could buy a boat for herself"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The oddness of life in space never quite goes away. Here are some examples. First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges. The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag. If you leave your arms out, they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny balled dancer. "I'm an inside guy," Mike Hopkins says, who returned from a six-month tour on the International Space Station. "I like to be wrapped up." On the station, the ordinary becomes strange. The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars. It also has no seat. With no gravity, it's just as easy to pedal violently. You can watch a movie while you pedal by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale has a tendency to form an invisible cloud around you head. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache. Leroy Chiao, 54, an American retired astronaut after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat,"Your inner ear thinks your're falling . Meanwhile your eyes are telling you you're standing straight. That can be annoying--that's why some people feel sick." Within a couple days --truly terrible days for some --astronauts' brains learn to ignore the panicky signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears. Space travel can be so delightful but at the same time invisibly dangerous. For instance, astronauts lose bone mass. That's why exercise is considered so vital that National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) puts it right on the workday schedule. The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as it is about keeping any individual astronauts return home, and, more importantly, how to maintain strength and fitness for the two and a half years or more that it would take to make a round-trip to Mars. Some astronauts feel sick on the station during the first few days because _ .
|
[
"their senses stop working",
"they have to stand up straight",
"they float out of their seats unexpectedly",
"whether they are able to go back to the station"
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
There's no danger of 88-year-old Harry Ward forgetting his wife Doris's Valentine's Day card - the couple still use the same one he bought her 70 years ago. When 17-year-old Harry Ward presented Doris with a Valentine's Day card as he boarded a train to join the wartime effort on February 14, 1941, he must have been fairly confident about his affections . After all the couple had been dating since they met in a cafe three months earlier. But little can he have imagined that 70 years on, not only would he still be happy about having married Doris, but that every year she would present him with the very same card he gave her that Valentine's Day. "I bring it out of the cupboard and put it on our mantelpiece every Valentine's Day," she said. "It's a special to me now as it was 70 years ago. Harry has never bought me one since, because I have this one every year." They first met in a cafe. "Harry was in the cafe drinking and he said hello. He asked me my name and we got talking happily. He offered to walk me to the bus stop but when we got outside, a bombing raid had started and we had to run to a nearby air-raid shelter ," Doris said. Mr. Ward said,"I knew Doris was the one for me the moment I met her. I gave her the Valentine's card then and she is still my Valentine now." Mrs. Ward's card is not the only thing that has endured the passing of time. "Harry is quite romantic and we are as still in love as the day he first gave me this card,"Dorris said. When did the couple first meet?
|
[
"In 1940.",
"In 1939.",
"In 1941.",
"In 1942"
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Before fridges, homes usually had ice boxes. But another way to keep food cool without electricity is to use an evaporative cooler. It is easy to make and does not even use ice. A common design is a tall box with several shelves inside. The shelves are pieces of metal with many small holes through them. The sides of the box are covered with pieces of thick cloth. Containers of water are placed at the top and bottom of the cooler. The ends of each piece of cloth lie in the water so the cloth stays wet. Put the cooler in the open air but not in the sun. Air will pass through while the inside of the box will stay several degrees cooler than the outside. This can keep foods fresh for a short time. The best way to prepare foods for storage is at harvest time. Place the harvested items on a clean surface, but not on the ground. Fruits and vegetables must be cool from field heat before they are stored. A good idea is to harvest foods either early or late in the day, then leave them to cool naturally. Do not remove outer leaves from fruits and vegetables before storage. Some fruits and vegetables must be stored at zero to four degrees Celsius. Any colder, and they might be damaged. Others need four to eight degrees, and still others above eight degrees. Cover the items in plastic once they reach the right " _ " for storage. Which of the following is NOT a step in storing foods according to the passage?
|
[
"Put the harvested items on a clean surface.",
"Remove outer leaves from vegetables and fruits.",
"Harvest foods either early or late in the day.",
"Cool fruits and vegetables before storage."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Hello! I'm Paul. I'm from America and I' m in China with my parents now. I like China and Chinese food. I have breakfast at home. I eat an egg and some chicken for it. I don't like salad, but Mom says that it's healthy. I should eat it. I have lunch at school. The lunch in my school is good. I can eat different food. I eat a hamburger, a banana and some vegetables. Sometimes I have chicken and French fries . I have dinner at home and I like to eat some fruit and ice-cream. Paul eats _ for breakfast.
|
[
"an egg and some fruit",
"a hamburger and a banana",
"chicken and French fries",
"an egg and some chicken"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
We always use body language in our daily life. When we have a talk with someone, we may use more body language than words. However, the same body language may mean different things in different countries. That's why people sometimes do not understand each other correctly. Pointing to one part of the body can mean differently in different cultures. For example, in the USA people point to their heads when they think someone is clever. However, in Europe it means "He or she is stupid or something is wrong with his or her head" .In China, nodding heads means "Yes" and shaking heads means "No". However, in parts of Greece and Turkey, they mean just the opposite. In England or the USA, when you raise your hand and make a circle with the thumb and the second finger, it means "Everything is OK." However, if you do this in France or Belgium, it means "You're worth zero." In Greece or Turkey, you should not make this gesture, or you are thought to be very rude. The meaning of gestures can also change over time. In the 1960s, the V sign meant "peace". However, during World War II, it meant "victory". In Greece, it is a very insulting sign. Though the meaning of body language is different, there are some expressions having the same meaning throughout the world. In which country is the body language the most different from our usual thinking?
|
[
"France.",
"England.",
"Greece.",
"America."
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
It doesn't matter when or how much a person sleeps, but everyone needs some rest to stay alive.That's what all doctors thought, until they heard about Al Herpin.Al Herpin, it was said, never slept. Could this be true? The doctors decided to see this strange man themselves. Al Herpin was 90 years old when the doctors came to his home in New Jersey. They thought for sure that he got some sleep of some kind.So they stayed with him and watched every movement he made. But they were surprised. Though they watched him hour after hour and day after day, they never saw Herpin sleeping.In fact, he did not even own a bed. He never needed one. The only rest that Herpin sometimes got was sitting in a comfortable chair and reading newspapers. The doctors were puzzled by this strange continuous sleeplessness.They asked him many questions, hoping to find an answer.They found only one answer that might explain his condition.Herpin remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days before he was born.But that was all.Was this the real reason? No one could be sure. Herpin died at the age of 94. Al Herpin's condition could be regarded as _ .
|
[
"a common one",
"one that could be cured",
"very healthy",
"a rare one"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The elements sulfur (S) and oxygen (O2) combine to form a substance called sulfur dioxide (SO2). Sulfur dioxide is also formed when coal and oil are burned. Sulfur dioxide can best be described as
|
[
"a metal",
"an atom",
"a compound",
"a nonreactive gas"
] | 2C
|
college_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What do Napoleon, Clinton and Wang Nan have in common? They are all left-handed. Today about 15% of the people are left-handed. But why are people left-handed? The answer is the way the brain works. The brain has two halves---the right half and the left half. The right half controls the left side of the body, and the left half controls the right side of the body. So right-handed people have a strong left brain, and the left -handed people have a strong right brain. The two halves of the brain are about the same size. But each side controls different things. The left side controls language, Maths and logic . When you remember new words, or when you put things in order, you use your left side. The right side of the brain controls colour and music. It is also good at recognizing faces. This does not mean that all artists are left-handed and all accountants are right-handed. Some right-handers have a strong right brain, and some left-handers have a strong left brain. When you are singing, you are using your _ .
|
[
"logic thinking",
"heart",
"right brain",
"left halves"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The Camp Invention Program will be held through July at the Hillcrest Intermediate School, North Huntingdon. It exposes children to science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM) through hands-on activities. The Camp Invention Program, created by Invent Now Kids, was founded in 1990. Now it has grown to include almost l,500 sites across the U. S., with thousands of children attending the program each year. "Our main purpose is to help children develop a greater interest in the fields of STEM," said Lori Bryne, the Senior Regional Program Manager. Children in the camp will be given the opportunity to explore the unknown and put ideas into practice. The program will challenge children to real world situations that will help them build a team spirit and life skills. The program will include five modules this year. One module will feature "Problem Solving on Planet ZAK". It will challenge children by creating a world of science fiction. Imitating a "crash" onto a planet, children will be asked to figure out ways to stay safe, find food and to "rebuild" their spacecraft, using a variety of common objects. Another module will be "Saving Sludge City" which will have children find ways to create a cleaner and eco-friendly city. "Imagination Point: Ride Physics" asks children to work as interns in the world's newest and largest theme park called "Imagination Point". Children will learn the basic principles of motion through hands-on activities related directly to rides. Another feature of the camp will be the "I Can Invent" which will focus on the real world of inventions by having children explore the process of invention. The final module will be "Global Games" which will introduce games ranging from those played in ancient times to the present day to children. "We want to encourage children to go into the fields of STEM," Bryne said. "This program is a fun way to do that." According to the text, the Camp Invention Program _ .
|
[
"has rapidly developed",
"is held every other year",
"was organized by Lori Bryne",
"has been in existence for 24 years"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Electronic book publishing has many of the same risks and opportunities as electronic music publishing. By delivering text direct to the user's computer screen, the e-book could cut down costs, and allow creators to deal directly with their audience, bypassing traditional publishers and readers. But it also raises the possibility of mass piracy . Phil Rance, founder and managing director of Online Originals, a London-based e-book publisher, sums it up. "No one wants Napster to happen to books." Indeed, the most popular MP3 have put the frighteners on an industry that generally operates some way behind the "bleeding edge". The Mata Group, a leading US-based market researcher, says publishers are far too concerned about protecting their rights, "We believe all the recent legal control over Napster is like putting a finger in a river that is already overflowing. Publishers need to deal with reality and come up with new ways to develop wide electronic distribution , asking the question: 'How can we use the certainty of wide distribution to our advantage?'" At the moment, most publishers would like to limit the use of e-books to the person who bought them, or to the computer used to download them. If that can be done, e-books become just an extra income stream in a publishing industry that would continue to operate the way it does today, according to Terry Robinson, business manager for Adobe's e-paper group. "If you've cracked digital rights aspect, you've cracked the market," he says. Robert Nichols, Books Director at BOL agrees, "Rights management is absolutely important. Publishers just say that 'until copyright is secure, we're not going to talk'." According to the text, what do e-books and electronic music have in common?
|
[
"They result in piracy.",
"They lead to price reduction.",
"They avoid industry management.",
"They bring in more money to creators."
] | 1B
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn't _ for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can and preserve much of the food they consume. Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that every has the ability to control what's on their plate. Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. "I got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs and foods for that fresh flavor,"she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods. "I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm," Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that "anybody can do this anywhere." Got an apartment with a balcony ? Plant some herbs. A window? Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because "they're very forgiving." Just a little of the herbs "can take your regular cooking to a whole new level," she added. "I think it's a great place to start." "Then? Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea." Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food. Loe noted, there's a moment when it's bursting with its absolute peak flavor. "I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar," Loe said. "Canning for me is about knowing what's in your food, knowing where it comes from." In addition to being more in touch with the food she's eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: "Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding _ ," she said, "that if we don't take care of the earth, no will." What is the"the bigger picture" (Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand?
|
[
"The knowledge about good food",
"The way to live a grow-our-own life",
"The joy of getting in touch with foods",
"The responsibility to protect our earth"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The students in an engineering class built a robot that stacks wooden blocks. A built-in computer controls the movement of the robot. The computer in the robot performs a function most similar to which part of the human body?
|
[
"lungs",
"heart",
"brain",
"arms"
] | 2C
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Some caterpillars' warning signals may have evolved from walking. A team, writing in the journal Nature Communications, reported that the hair-like structures the creatures use to make sounds evolved from legs. The team studied caterpillars which use these structures to communicate their ownership of leaves. This means the caterpillars are able to "tell" strangers to go away without risking injury in conflicts. "These are really interesting caterpillars," said Dr. Jayne Yack from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, who led the research. "They make signals using hair-like structures which are on their back ends." The caterpillars drag these structures across the leaf to make scraping sounds when strangers enter their "leaf shelters". "When they make this signal, the strangers leave," explained Dr. Yack. "It's like saying 'I'm here, get out of here --I already own this leaf'." The scientists looked at other species within the same group of caterpillars and created a "family tree" of the creatures. They used chemical markers to work out the relationship between the animals, showing which in the group were the more ancient species and which species evolved more recently. "Those more ancient species actually don't have these sound-producing structures. They have legs that they use to walk towards strangers," said Dr. Yack. These more ancient species, she explained, walk towards strangers and try to attack them. "They can kill each other in the conflicts," Dr. Yack added. She said that the evolution of the scraping show had allowed the caterpillars to solve their conflicts without fighting. "So our idea is that these signals actually avoid damage to both sides --they solve conflicts in a more 'friendly' way." The study also provides a map of an evolutionary path that many other biologists are exploring. Caterpillars that evolved more recently warn strangers by _ .
|
[
"attacking them with their legs",
"making scraping sounds",
"walking around the leaves they own",
"releasing a kind of chemical"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which is the stickiest?
|
[
"leather belt",
"gum",
"silk kimono"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
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