question
stringlengths 4
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listlengths 2
5
| answer
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stringclasses 4
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|---|---|---|---|---|
What characteristic helps a rabbit survive in a winter environment?
|
[
"size",
"strength",
"long ears",
"camouflage"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
photosynthesis makes food for the plant by converting carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into what?
|
[
"dirt",
"sunlight",
"mental energy",
"sugars"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the one animal that has all of the mammal traits listed above.
|
[
"Gray tree frogs hatch from eggs without shells. They live underwater when they are tadpoles. They move onto land when they become adults. The moist skin of adult gray tree frogs can be green or gray. The color of their skin helps them hide on rocks or plants.",
"Bengal tigers are one of the world's largest living cats. They have black, white, and orange fur. Female Bengal tigers feed their offspring milk. Male Bengal tigers can be almost twice as large as females!"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Most of us would like to have glowing skin, especially as we get older. The good news is that you don't have to wait until summer to catch some sun rays. Scientists have found eating plenty of fruit and vegetables is by far the best way to achieve a healthy, golden glow. Dr. Ian Stephen said, "Most people think that the best way to improve their skin color is to get a suntan . But our research shows that eating lots of fruit and vegetables is actually more effective." The team first assessed the skin color of people in relation to their diet. Those who ate more fruit and vegetables a day were found to have a more golden, yellow skin color. Those with a healthy glow had a higher presence of carotenoids , which play a role in the immune system. Carotenoids are commonly found in fruit and vegetables such an yellow and red peppers, spinach, apricots and melons. The team then studied the relation between skin tone and attractiveness. They used specialist software to operate the skin color on the images of 51 faces to simulate more or less carotenoids and suntans. Participants were then asked to adjust the skin color to make the faces look as healthy as possible. Given the choice between skin color enhanced by suntans and skin color enhanced by carotenoids, people preferred the carotenoids skin color. The study shows that not only do people use skin color to judge how healthy other individuals are, but they are accurate when they make those judgments. While this study focus on Caucasian faces, it suggests this phenomenon may exist across cultures, since similar preferences for skin yellowness are found in an African population. Which statement is TRUE according to the text?
|
[
"Carotenoids are only found in the fruit.",
"Carotenoids are important in the immune system",
"Carotenoids can be improved by catching sun rays.",
"Carotenoids are the only factor that affects the skin color."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Two years ago I fell off the steps of a bus while climbing down and twisted my ankle. What followed was the usual way that is common in the US. A few hours later I was treated and discharged. What was uncommon was that I received extra care while going to ER(emergency room) and while I was in the hospital. People were kind to me, men and women alike. They wheeled me into a private room instead of making me wait in the crowded waiting room. Someone came and asked me if the temperature is OK. When I said I was cold, he brought me a blanket and some magazines, in case I got bored. The nurses stopped by, making pleasant chats with me. People always came to ask me if I was in too much pain and if I needed anything... There were other people who were brought in while I was waiting. Patients groaning in pain were given the care they needed and then ignored. My injury was not the priority, so while I was not pushed to the front of the line, my several hours' stay in the hospital was made as pleasant as possible. Why would people do that? They gave others care, while I got kindness. Like any other good looking, healthy, independent person, man or woman,it looks as if the world isnicer to rich people, and the world is nicer to attractive people. I'm not in the dating world. It's not about free drinks and gifts. It's about people being nice. I'm grateful for any positive behavior because I know this is temporary. Eventually I will join the groups of the elderly, the weak and the seemingly unattractive. One thing I refuse to do is to make excuses for being attractive. I know it's temporary. I know it's the luck of the draw and I know that I'm just one of the many. Does it matter to my husband, my mother and my kids what I look like? No. And I wouldn't have it any other way. Which of the following does the author agree with?
|
[
"The hospital should treat attractive patients in preference to others.",
"The positive behavior that being attractive brings can last long.",
"Old patients should get much more care from the hospital.",
"Being attractive means nothing to the people truly important to you."
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A 47-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of a 3-day history of increasing pain, tenderness, and swelling near the fingernail of his right index finger. He rates the pain as an 8 on a 10-point scale. He has not had fever or chills, and he has not sustained any trauma to the finger. Medical history is unremarkable and the patient takes no medications. He appears generally well and is not in distress. Vital signs are temperature 37.1°C (98.8°F), pulse 72/min, respirations 14/min, and blood pressure 120/80 mm Hg. Physical examination of the right hand discloses swelling, erythema, warmth, and tenderness of the periungual region of the right index finger. There is a mildly fluctuant area near the nail edge. The remainder of the physical examination discloses no abnormalities. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
|
[
"Incision and drainage",
"Oral cefazolin therapy",
"Topical neomycin therapy",
"Warm-water soaks"
] | 0A
|
professional_medicine
|
mmlu
|
Can you understand the beginning of this article? "My smmr hols wr CWOT. B4, we usd 2go2 NY 2C my bro, his GF & 3 kds FTF." The Scottish teacher who received it in class had no idea what the girl who wrote it meant. The essay was written in a form of English used in cell phone text messages. Text messages (also called SMS2) through cell phones became very popular in the late 1990s. At first, mobile phone companies thought that text messaging would be a good way to send messages to customers, but customers quickly began to use the text messaging service to send messages to each other. Teenagers in particular enjoyed using text messaging, and they began to create a new language for messages called texting. A text message is limited to 160 characters, including letters, spaces, and numbers, so messages must be kept short. In addition, typing on the small keypad of a cell phone is difficult, so it's common to make words shorter. In texting, a single letter or number can represent a word, like "r" for "are," "u" for "you," and "2" for "to." Several letters can also represent a phrase, like "lol" for "laughing out loud." Another characteristic of texting is the leaving out of letters in a word, like spelling "please" as "pls." Some parents and teachers worry that texting will make children bad spellers and bad writers. The student who wrote the essay at the top of this page said writing that way was more comfortable for her. (The essay said, "My summer holidays were a complete waste of time. Before, we used to go to New York to see my brother, his girlfriend, and their three kids face to face.") Not everyone agrees that texting is a bad thing. Some experts say languages always evolve, and this is just another way for English to change. Other people believe texting will disappear soon. New technology for voice messages may soon make text messages a thing of the past. Why aren't some people worried about the effect of texting?
|
[
"Not many people use texting.",
"Spelling in English is too difficult.",
"Teenagers quickly become bored with texting.",
"Texting will disappear because of new technology."
] | 3D
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Viruses are killed by objects used in a
|
[
"backyard",
"bathroom",
"kitchen",
"living room"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the animal that has a backbone.
|
[
"penguin",
"fly"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
LONDON, Feb. 18,2014 (Xinhua News agency) --Britain will send experts to East China's Shanghai to learn from the city's experience in maths teaching in an attempt to raise the teaching standards. British Education Minister Elizabeth Truss is to lead a delegation of experts on a fact-finding mission to Shanghai's schools next week to see how children there have become the best in the world at maths, to get a first-hand look at maths classes and teaching methods there, and particularly to investigate why the performance of almost all children in Shanghai is high, regardless of gender or income. Britain was last year placed 50th out of 148 countries and regions in the World Economic Forum's competitiveness ranking in quality of maths and science education. Two years ago, Shanghai topped the 2012 international PISA tables for maths, while England was ranked in 26th place. The top five were all in Southeast Asia, with 15-year-olds in Shanghai judged to be three years ahead of their peers in maths. The education department said: "England's performance in maths has lagged behind while other countries have improved and overtaken us, including Poland and Germany." Actually, it is the latest step in the government's drive to raise standards in maths, looking at what has made schools in the far East the most successful in the world in teaching the subject. "Shanghai is the top-performing part of the world for maths--their children are streets ahead. Shanghai and Singapore have teaching practices and a positive mind that make the difference. They have a belief that diligence makes up for lack of ability," Truss said. "Our new curriculum has borrowed from theirs because we know it works--early learning of key arithmetic, and a focus on times tables and long division , for instance." She was determined to change the situation as performance in maths is weakening the country's skills base and threatening the productivity and growth. The government is emphasizing maths because of the importance of good grades in the subject to young people competing for good jobs in a global labor market and to the economy more generally. An education and skills survey released by the Confederation of British Industry last year showed that 30 percent of employers reported dissatisfaction with the standard of school and college leavers' numeracy. More than two-thirds of employers said they wanted both maths and science promoted more in schools. What can we infer from the news?
|
[
"The students in Britain don't work hard at Maths.",
"The students in shanghai are the smartest in the world.",
"The education of science in Britain is no better than that of maths.",
"Most British citizens are dissatisfied with teachers' work."
] | 2C
|
elementary_mathematics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is green food? Do you enjoy green food every day? The concept of "green food" was first suggested by the Department of the Ministry of Agriculture in 1990. Green symbolizes life, health and energy. Nowadays, people demand healthy and fresh food. Having enough food to eat is only a basic requirement, and they need more than this. They want to enjoy unpolluted, safe and nutritious food and eat comfortably. So the government does this through a set of "from the land to the dinner table" quality controls. It requires to change China's traditional agricultural structures and ensure the food of high quality. Safe vegetables refers to products without substances harmful to humans. Growing such vegetables requires no strong poisons, thus guaranteeing vegetables fresh and clean. There are strict regulations in place for even applying fertilizer . The examination of vegetables should reach the state food hygiene standard. The following conditions for green food are regulated by the China Green Food Development Center. Firstly, products or raw materials must reach the green ecological environment standard set by the Ministry of Agriculture. Secondly, crop planting, livestock raising, fish breeding and food processing must follow green food operating procedures set by the Ministry. Products must be up to the green food hygiene standard. External packing must be pasted with national standard universal labels, special green food packing decoration and tag regulations. However, by now, our goal hasn't been completely realized. When you return home with a full basket, you are still worried about whether what you have bought is green and healthy. Indeed, for the sake of our health, we still have a long way to go. Which of the following isn't the required standard green food must reach?
|
[
"Green food must not cause ecological destruction.",
"Green food should agree with green food operating procedures.",
"Green food itself should be labeled with special packing decoration.",
"Green food should meet the green food hygiene standard."
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Google is testing its newest high-tech device, Google Glass. Most of the technologies for Google Glass are already available on smart phones. Google has taken those same technologies and added them to eyeglass frames . The company describes the glasses as wearable computers that would change the way people view others and the world. "Google Glass is a tiny computer that sits in a lightweight frame, and rests neatly above your eye and it makes exploring and sharing the world around you a lot easier," said Chris Dale, the Senior Manager of Communications for Google Glass. The glasses have a tiny video screen and a camera that connect wirelessly to the Internet through WIFI, a smartphone, or a tablet computer. You can make and receive calls, send and receive texts, take pictures, record video or search the web. You control Google Glass using your voice, and a touchpad on the right arm of the frame. Professor Marcia Dawkins is among a select group of people who have been given a chance to test out Google Glass. "I thought this is something I definitely need for my classroom and hopefully for my personal life too." The Professor's Google Glass looks like a pair bright orange glasses, without the actual glass. But there's a tiny rectangular glass at the top right-hand corner. Through that glass, she has been recording video while biking. She also has been able to talk to her sister in Thailand, and she plans to use the device to teach a public speaking class. But not everyone is excited about Google Glass. Some are concerned about possible risks to privacy. John Simpson is the director of the privacy project at Consumer Watchdog. "It is going to allow people to come in and spy on you and record that, without you knowing what is going on." Filmmaker Chris Barrett showed just how easy it is to record people without them knowing it. His glass captured a man getting arrested after a fight. He shared the video on You Tube. Also some are concerned about the use of facial recognition technology on Google Glass. But Google says it will not approve the use of such applications. The Internet company says it is still testing its new device, and it hopes to make Google Glass available to the public by early next year. The technologies Google has made use of for Google Glass are _ .
|
[
"completely new",
"mostly already in use for smartphones",
"high-tech but out-of-date",
"all old"
] | 1B
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Chinese officials yesterday urged employers to take more measures to protect workers against workplace diseases and injuries. Experts estimate that about 200 million workers face a potential danger of occupational diseases and work-related injuries. The majority of them are farmers-turned-workers who are working in small or medium-sized firms. One of the most serious workplace diseases on the Chinese mainland is pneumoconiosis, a lung disease that is caused by breathing in too much dust of coal, silicon, and cerement. It causes serious breathing difficulties and can be fatal . The disease killed 966 people in the country last year, according to an official report released by the Ministry of Health yesterday. From the early 1950s until the end of last year, 607,570 people were diagnosed with pneumoconiosis. Among the number, 137,481 people died from the disease. Chen Xiaohong, vice minister of health, said the general level of prevention and control of workplace diseases is still quite low in China. "Health authorities at various levels will do more education work in the future to raise employers` awareness that they are the first person responsible for any workplace diseases or accidents," Chen said. He made the remark at a ceremony held by his ministry and other relevant departments under the State Council to award prizes to 56 companies which have done well in protecting workers` health. On the Chinese mainland, more than 16 million companies are engaged in potentially dangerous sectors, such as coal mining, construction, and those that use chemicals, according to the Ministry of Health. Although many companies, especially large foreign-invested and State-owned ones, have done well in protecting workers` health, many employees are still working in dangerous places with poor protection and without any insurance support. At least 90 per cent of Chinese companies are small or medium-sized organizations. Many of these companies, especially private ones based in towns and villages, do not want to spend their money strengthening workplace protection against various diseases and injuries, or buying insurance policies for their employees. According to statistics from Chinese labour and social welfare authorities, there are about 120 million farmers-turned-workers working in Chinese cities. Less than 10 per cent of them have medical or injury insurance and many have no contracts with employers. According to Chinese law on preventing occupational diseases, employers should establish qualified working conditions before opening factories, buy insurance policies for their workers, and provide regular health examinations for labourers. However, according to a survey last year of 74,946 companies that use chemicals or are based in "dangerous sectors," only about 50 per cent offered health tests for workers. The writer presents the serious situation by using _ .
|
[
"examples",
"figures",
"description",
"authorities` statement"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Like many people ,I have no clear idea about heroes . A t some point , we all wonder if we need a hero and what a hero really is. Although there are a lot of differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics which give us courage and make us want to learn from them. A hero does something worth talking about, A hero has a special story to tell and people think highly of it. But a hero is not just person with great fame . A hero has power larger than himself . Some people want to live like a hero. And they have to experience life with new and further meaning .A sure test for would- be heroes is what or whom they serve. What do they want to live and die for? If their answer suggests they serve only own fames, they may be famous persons but not heroes. A hero has a _ from the mountain top .He has the power to move people . He creates new possibility. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of Britain, Without Martin Luther King .Jr, Americans might take different parks , and shop in different stores of the different colors of their skins. There might be changes in society without a hero, but the speed of the change would be rather slow . Thanks to heroes in history ,they make the society develop so rapidly. ` According to this passage , a hero is a person who always _
|
[
"gives us courage",
"thinks highly of others",
"shares great fames",
"stands on the mountain top"
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which illness is associated with a weakened immune system in the body?
|
[
"tetanus",
"cancer",
"measles",
"rabies"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the plant.
|
[
"Barn owls walk and fly.",
"Cedar trees have small leaves."
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
An allowance is an important tool for teaching kids how to budget, save and make their own decisions. Children remember and learn from mistakes when their own dollars are lost or spent foolishly. How large an allowance is appropriate? Experts say there is not right amount. Actual amounts differ from region to region, and from family to family. To set an appropriate allowance for your child, work up a weekly budget. Allow for entertainment expenditures such as movies and snacks. Next, include everyday expenses such as lunch money, bus fare, school supplies. "If you make the child responsible for these ' ills'," says Josephine Swanson, a consumer specialist, " he or she will learn to budget for necessary expenditures." Finally, add some extra money to make saving possible. If you can, keep your child's allowance in line with that of his friends. A child whose purchasing power falls away below his peers' can feel left out. It can be tough, but avoid excusing your children when they make a mistake with their allowance. When Brooke Stephens was ten and growing up in Jacksonville, her mother gave her $5 a week, $1.75 of which was for bus fare and lunch." If you lose your money," Brooke's mother told her, "you walk home." One week the girl spent all her allowance in a candy store, then she called home for a ride. " Mom made me walk home," recalls Stephens, now a financial planner in Brooklyn. " At first I was angry. But I finally realized that she was trying to teach me an important lesson. " Experts advise that an allowance should not be tied directly to a child's daily chores. Kids should help around the house not because they get paid for it but because they share responsibilities as members of a family. You might, however, pay a child for doing extra jobs at home, which can develop his or her initiative. It can be inferred from the passage that if a child is given an allowance, he or she may _ .
|
[
"spend all the money very soon",
"be spoiled and finally ruined",
"feel responsible and careful about money",
"lost the money and can not return home"
] | 2C
|
high_school_microeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Everybody has a home. People have homes. Animals have homes. People live in many different kinds of houses. Animals have different kinds of homes, too. Some animals live in holes under the ground . The woodchuck lives under the ground .His home has two doors. If any animal comes into one door, the woodchuck goes out through the other. Some animals live in holes in trees. Some squirrels build nests high in trees. Most of the birds live in nests in trees. But hawks build their nests high in the mountains . How many doors are there in the woodchuck's house?
|
[
"One",
"Two",
"Three",
"None"
] | 1B
|
elementary_mathematics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
One day Mrs. Wilson went shopping with Tracy and Ben. They went to the supermarket in the new shopping center." Why do you buy things here?" Tracy wanted to know. "Because they are cheaper here than at the corner store near our home," Mrs. Wilson said." Help me check the prices, please." The Wilsons were not rich and Mrs. Wilson was always careful with her money. She looked carefully after the prices of things. She bought lots of things in the supermarket. When they got home, the children said," We don't think you saved money by going to the supermarket." "Of course I did," Mrs. Wilson said. " Everything was cheaper there." "We know," the children said," but we came home by taxi because we had too much to carry. The taxi fare was more than the money that you save! " Mrs. Wilson added everything up. Her children were right. Mrs. Wilson _ in the end.
|
[
"spent more money",
"paid less money",
"lost some money",
"saved a little money"
] | 0A
|
high_school_microeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is the volume of a can of soda pop?
|
[
"345 milliliters",
"345 liters"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
In many English homes, people have four meals a day: breakfast, lunch, afternoon tea and dinner. People have breakfast from 7:00 to 9: 00 in the morning. They eat eggs or bread. English people drink tea or milk for breakfast, too. Lunch comes at about 13:00. Afternoon tea is from 16:00 to 17:00, and dinner is about 19:30. They often have soup , and they have some chicken or fish with vegetables. Then they eat some bananas, apples or oranges. But not all English people have meals like that. Some of them don't have their dinners in the evening . ,. People in English have lunch _ .
|
[
"from 7:00 to 9:00",
"at about 13:00",
"at 19:30",
"from 16:00 to 17:00"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
"I'm a little worried about my future."said Dustin Hoffman in The Graduate.He should be so lucky.All he had to worry about was whether to have an affair with Mrs. Robinson.In the sixties,that was the total sum of post-graduation anxiety. Hoffman's modem peers are not so fortunate.The Mrs. Robinsons aren't sitting around at home any more.They are out in the workplace,doing the high-powered jobs the graduates want,but cannot get.For those fresh out of university,desperate for work but unable to get it,there is a big imbalance between supply and demand.And there is no narrowing of the gap in sight. Parents feel as badly let down as the young people themselves.Middle-class families see their graduate offspring on the dole queue and wonder why they bothered paying school fees.Working-class families feel an even keener sense of disappointment.For many such families,getting a child into university was the fulfillment of a lifelong dream.It was proof that they were living in a dynamic,economically successful country.That dream does not seem so rosy now.Graduate unemployment is not,ultimately,a political problem.Job-creation for graduates is very low down in the government's schedule.If David Cameron's Conservatives had a brilliant idea for guaranteeing every graduate a well-paid job,they would have presented it by now.It is a social problem,though a more deep-seated social problem than people perhaps realize. Regarding job opportunities for young graduates,the author sounds _ .
|
[
"pessimistic",
"hopeful",
"unconcerned",
"content"
] | 0A
|
high_school_macroeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When we're little, our mother is the center of our attention, and we are the center of hers. So our mother's characteristics leave an indelible impression, and we are forever after attracted to people with her facial features, body type, personality, even sense of humor. If our mother is warm and giving, as adults we tend to be attracted to people who are warm and giving. If our mother is strong and even-tempered, we are going to be attracted to a fair-minded strength in our mates. The mother has an additional influence on her sons: she not only gives them clues to what they will find attractive in a mate, but also affects how they feel about women in general. So if she is warm and nice, her sons are going to think that's the way women are. They will probably grow up to be warm and responsive lovers and also be cooperative around the house. Conversely, a mother who has a depressive personality, and is sometimes friendly but then suddenly turns cold and rejecting, may raise a man who becomes a "dance-away lover". Because he's been so scared about love from his mother, he's afraid of commitment and may pull away from a girlfriend for this reason. While the mother determines in large part what qualities attract us in a mate, it's the father--the first male in our lives--who influences how we relate to the opposite sex. Fathers have an enormous effect on their children's personalities and chances of marital happiness. Just as mothers influence their son's general feelings toward women, fathers influence their daughter's general feelings about men. If a father _ praise on his daughter and demonstrates that she is a worthwhile person, she'll feel very good about herself in relation to men. But if the father is cold, critical or absent, the daughter will tend to feel she's not very lovable or attractive. In addition, most of us grow up with people of similar social circumstances. We hang around with people in the same town; our friends have about the same educational backgrounds and career goals. We tend to be most comfortable with these people, and therefore we tend to link up with others whose families are often much like our own. Which of the following is NOT true?
|
[
"If our mother is warm and giving, we love to be together with warm and generous people.",
"If our mother is strong and well-controlled, we are going to be attracted to a fair-minded strength in our mates.",
"Mother not only gives her children clues to what they will find attractive in a mate, but also affects how they feel about women in general.",
"Fathers influence their daughter's general feelings about men."
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What takes place as a light wave enters a denser medium?
|
[
"it is reflected",
"it is absorbed",
"it is refracted",
"it is compressed"
] | 2C
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
the presence of which of these is required for the formation of cavernous chambers?
|
[
"some carbonated soda",
"some carbon dioxide",
"some carbonic acid",
"carbon monoxide gas"
] | 2C
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Amphibians undergo changes in structure of being in that
|
[
"salamanders can regrow their tails",
"salamanders can lose their tails",
"frogs can breathe air and water",
"they begin as a different looking being"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Ellen and prefix = st1 /BillCountyare both teachers. They met in college and became good friends because of their shared love for children. Two years after the couple got married; Ellen saw a huge change in the life of one of her students, a 9-year-old girl. Three years earlier both of the little girl's parents had died and there was no one to take care of her. She was taken away to live in a government office. But finally she was taken in and adopted by a family and became their daughter. Ellen said that she noticed the difference in the child's life after she was placed in a permanent home and thought that maybe she and her husband could help a child in a similar way. They decided to become temporary parents and to take a child into their home on the weekends when the real parents could not take care of him or her. The pair planned to have their own children in a few years, but decided that this would be a way to give to the community in the meantime. The couple quickly grew to love one of the children they looked after. When he became legally available, Billy became the first child they took in permanently. Six months after adopting Billy, Ellen was told by her doctor that she was unable to have children naturally. Ellen says she knew then that adoption was the way she was meant to have a family. Since adopting Billy, now 17, Ellen and Bill have adopted five more children --Rose, 16; Albert, 11; Joshua, 5 and in June 2003, they added biological brother and sister Tyler and Rylee to the County family. The County family has been recognized for their work on adoption, and has received many awards for their efforts. Last June, the family was even interviewed on the television show, "Adoption Stories". Ellen says she would like to encourage other families to adopt children. She adds that the best part of being a mother of six is: "Giving Josh a bath, putting a braid-aid on a cut knee or just the everyday Mom things, which makes motherhood such an honor and a privilege." Why did Ellen and Bill first decide to adopt a child?
|
[
"Because they had always loved children very much.",
"Because they saw the benefits of adoption for a child.",
"Because they were not able to have children of their own.",
"Because they wanted to receive awards for their community work."
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which statement describes the driftwood's motion?
|
[
"The driftwood has a constant velocity.",
"The driftwood is accelerating."
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Electrical devices could soon use power make by human energy, Scientists say they have developed an experimental device that produces electricity from the physical movement of a person walking , British scientist Max Donelan and other scientists in Canada and the United States developed the device. The device connects to a person's knee, As the person walks, the device captures energy each time the person slows down, To do this ,the device helps with the slowing sown movement of the leg, The movements of the walking person push parts of a small machine that produces electricity, Using the device, an adult walking quickly could produce thirteen watts of electricity in just a minute, Donelan says walking at that speed could produce enough power to operate a laptop computer for six minutes. There are several possible uses for the device ,Developers say it could help people who work in areas without electricity to operate small computers, The deice could also be used in hospitals to operate heart pacemakers ,It could even be used to assist in the movement of robotic arms and legs. The experimental version of the device weighs about one and a half kilograms, but it is too costly for most people to buy, But the researchers hope to make a lighter, less costly version.An improved version should be ready in one year. The developers hope the device will one day help developing countries, Nearly twenty five percent of people around the world live without electric power. A similar product was invented in 2005 by Larry Rome of the University of Pennsylvania,He created a bag carried on a person's back that also produces power from walking, The knee device does not produce as much electricity as the bag ,But the bag requires the walker to carry a load of twenty to thirty kilograms. What would be the best title for the passage?
|
[
"First device powered by walking will soon be on the market",
"Advanced technology brings in a new way to operate heart pacemakers",
"Device gives new meaning to the idea of power walking",
"Human energy will become a main source of electricity"
] | 2C
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Fangfang, a 15-year-old Chinese girl, likes eating snacks very much. She prefers cream biscuits, McDonald's food, KFC, and Beijing roast duck. Sometimes she eats two packages of biscuits a day. As a result, she becomes _ . Today in China, there are many children like Fangfang. They like snacks. They don't eat enough healthy foods like vegetables and fruit. It's very bad for their health. Poor eating habits are a serious problem. Health experts say that children should have healthy eating habits. First, they must eat regular meals and begin with a good breakfast. Second, they should have different kinds of foods, such as fruit, vegetables, grain, eggs, milk and meat and so on. Third, the children shouldn't eat too many snacks and fried foods. They are delicious, but eating too much of them is unhealthy. If children do as the experts say, they won't become fat. They will be healthier. Students won't become tired at school, and they will have enough energy to study well. If students do as the experts say, they will _ .
|
[
"become fatter and fatter",
"become more and more beautiful",
"have enough energy to study",
"be healthier and more tired"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
in the presence heat, which of these comes about?
|
[
"a melted snocone at the cafeteria",
"an ice cream cone",
"a piece of gum",
"a large metamorphic rock"
] | 0A
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Having good social relationships -- friends, marriage or children -- may be every bit as important to a healthy life as quitting smoking, losing weight or taking certain medicines. U. S. researchers reported on Tuesday. People with strong social relationships were SO percent less likely to die early than people without such support, the team at Brigham Young University in Utah found. They suggest that the government look at ways to help people keep social relationships as a way of keeping the population healthy. "A lack of social relationships was equal to smoking up to 15 cigarettes a day," psychologist Julianne Holt-Lunstad, who led the study, said in a telephone interview. Her team conducted a study that examined social relationships and their effects on health. They looked at 148 studies that covered more than 308,000 people, published in the Public Library of Science journal PLoS Medicine at www.plosmedicine.org. Having low levels of social relationships was equal to being an alcoholic, was more harmful than not exercising and was twice as harmful as obesity. Social relationships had a bigger effect on early death than getting an injection to prevent pneumonia ,than taking drugs for high blood pressure and far more important than living in air pollution, they found. "I certainly don't want to _ these other risk factors because of course they are very important," Holt-Lunstad said. We need to start taking social relationships just as seriously. " But Holt-Lundstad said there was some evidence that assigning caretakers does not help improve people's health. "Naturally occurring relationships may be different than the support received from someone who is hired for that purpose." she said. According to the text, having poor social relationships is as harmful as _ .
|
[
"being fat",
"staying up",
"not doing sports",
"drinking alcohol"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Across countryside, non-food crops are growing alongside wheat.Some are used in new alternatives to plastics and other materials, but others will simply be burned. Burning crops is becoming more popular because it is good for the planet.Doing so is also cheaper than burning fossil fuels.As more land is devoted to non-food crop production, the economics of crops for fuel are likely to become even more favorable. Humans have been burning such biomass--organic materials from plants or animals-- since they discovered fire.But that burning fossil fuels could have catastrophic consequences has brought biomass back into fashion. Even allowing for emissions of carbon dioxide from fuel used in planting, harvesting, processing and transporting biomass fuel, replacing fossil fuel with biomass can typically reduce greenhouse gas emissions by more than 90 percent. Power stations around the world are experimenting with forms of biomass to add to their coal or oil, with encouraging results.Indeed, power companies could profit by turning to biomass, especially when the subsidies many governments offer for using renewable energy are taken into account. Farmers can benefit from growing biomass.In Europe, the reduction of subsidies for certain crops is exposing farmers to market forces.Instead of being paid for whatever they produce, farmers must seek a clear demand for their product.Many believe that the demand for alternatives to fossil fuels could be just such a driver. But while biomass offers a variety of potential alternatives, the world's infrastructure has developed around burning fossil fuels to such a stage that switching to biomass involves a change in conception that many companies have not accepted. Also, there are problems with using biomass.Although most coal-fired power stations could take a small amount of their fuel from biomass without significant adjustment, few are built to run on biomass alone.Burning some forms of biomass also causes environmental problems.Oils and waste can be smelly, while wood produces smoke unless burned properly. The supply chains for fossil fuels are set up well, but those for biomass are just the beginning. Sources of supply for biomass rely on farm production and can therefore be less reliable. They are necessarily limited and it wouldn't make sense to turn a very large amount of valuable agricultural land away from food crops.But as the world adjusts to the need to control greenhouse gas emissions, these problems may receive more attention. What is the author's attitude towards biomass fuels?
|
[
"Defensive.",
"Doubtful.",
"Negative.",
"Objective"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
BEIJING - Astronomers have defended against rumors that the terrible earthquake and the following tsunami in Japan were closely related to or even caused by the "supermoon" that will appear in the sky on Saturday. The word "supermoon" was introduced in a report by the British newspaper Daily Mail on March 9, which said amateur scientists were warning that such an astronomical phenomenon could disturb the Earth's climate patterns and may even cause earthquakes and volcanic activity. The moon will be 356,577 kilometers from the Earth on Saturday, the closest in 19 years, and the closest point in its oval orbit coincides with a full moon, the report said. However, Saturday's moon is not actually the closest to Earth in 19 years, Tang Haiming, an astronomer with Shanghai Astronomical Observatory under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told Xinhua News Agency. A shorter distance of 356,570 km between the two bodies was reached in January 2005, and a distance of 356,566 km was seen in December 2008. Yet some people suggest that previous supermoons have occurred prior to extreme weather events. In 1974 the phenomenon was followed by Cyclone Tracy in Darwin, Australia, and in 2005 it occurred shortly before a deadly tsunami in Indonesia. Coincidentally, two fresh disasters happened in Asia right before Saturday's supermoon. The public's concern about their connection with the moon boomed after Japan's terrible earthquake and tsunami and an earthquake in Southwest China's Yunnan province that killed 25 people on March 10. But astronomers are trying to _ people that such rumors are merely unreasonable. "A supermoon could cause high tides but has no direct relation with natural disasters such as earthquakes," Liu Jie, a researcher with the China Earthquake Network Center, told China Daily on Tuesday. "We can't find any necessary connection between previous supermoons and earthquakes. And the quake in Japan occurred because the Earth's inner energy had accumulated to some extent, and it's not related to the moon. " he said. James Garvin, chief scientist at the Goddard Space Flight Center under NASA, said in an article on NASA's website that "the effects on Earth from a supermoon are minor.""The combination of the moon being at its closest to Earth in its orbit, and being in its 'full moon' configuration ( to the Earth and sun), should not affect the inner energy balance of the Earth, since there are lunar tides every day. " Zhu Jin, curator of the Beijing Planetarium, said"the moon moves around the earth in a certain path, so each orbit has a perigee - its closest approach, and an apogee - its furthest distance.""A lunar perigee occurs once a month and there are very small differences in distances between perigees,"he said."Those tiny differences are far from enough to cause earthquakes or eruption of a volcano,"he added. What would be the best title for the passage?
|
[
"\"Supermoon\" and earthquake",
"The earthquake in Japan .",
"Experts clarify worries over \"supermoon\"",
"A rumor about \"supermoon\""
] | 2C
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
My grandpa is 93 years old this year. He is very healthy and looks young. Many people ask him why he is so healthy. Grandpa says good diet is very important to everyone. Grandpa has three meals a day regularly . He often eats lots of vegetables and fruit. He never drinks or smokes . He says they are bad for health. After he gets up in the morning, he often drinks a cup of water. And before he goes to bed in the evening, he has a cup of milk. He says everyone should drink some water before breakfast. Grandpa has a good lifestyle, too. He likes sports. He likes playing ping-pong and badminton. Sometimes he goes swimming. He goes running every day before breakfast, too. He says exercise can help a person keep healthy and strong. Grandpa likes watching TV. But he only watches TV in the afternoon. He doesn't watch too much TV. Many old people like playing Majon, but grandpa doesn't. He says sitting in the chair for long time is not good for health. Grandpa thinks playing Majon is _ for health.
|
[
"good",
"important",
"bad",
"helpful"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Complete the statement. Assume that the submarine's mass did not change.
The gravitational potential energy stored between the submarine and Earth () as the submarine dove toward the ocean floor.
|
[
"decreased",
"stayed the same",
"increased"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Here are a lot of different cakes-fruit cakes,chocolate cakes,etc.Sometimes we buy them in a shop.Sometimes we make them ourselves. We like cakes.We like Christmas cakes a lot.My mother often makes cakes for us at Christmas.And I often help her to make them.To make a Christmas cake,we need these things: Half a kilo of flour ; 3 cups of milk; 4 eggs and some fruit,etc. Now we can make a cake with those things. When does the writer's mother make cakes for her?
|
[
"At Christmas.",
"On the writer's birthday.",
"On weekdays.",
"On Sundays."
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The weight of an object can change even when the mass stays the same. Which statement correctly identifies a relationship between mass and weight?
|
[
"The weight of an object depends on its mass and its volume.",
"Gravity affects the weight of an object but not its mass.",
"The mass of an object depends on its weight and size.",
"Magnetic fields can affect mass but not weight."
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
What is the mass of a pair of boots?
|
[
"4 tons",
"4 pounds",
"4 ounces"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Plant population would fail to maintain it's size if
|
[
"fertilizer is applied",
"gets more sun",
"H2O depletes",
"grows"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which of these describes water in a solid state?
|
[
"Vapor rising in the sky",
"Hail during a storm",
"Waves crashing on the seashore",
"Rain falling from the clouds"
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Small mammals have many adaptations that keep them warm in winter. Which would not help conserve heat?
|
[
"running",
"hibernating",
"huddling in a group",
"growing thicker fur"
] | 0A
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Which comparison of ecosystems is true?
|
[
"Tundras are warmer than grasslands.",
"Grasslands get more rain than deserts.",
"Deserts have more plants than rainforests.",
"Rainforests are rockier than tundras."
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Good Housekeeping has discovered that even if a child wear a helmet when she bikes, or skates, it may not protect her from a serious head injury. Every year, 390,000 children under age 15 go to hospital emergency rooms with bike-related injuries. Of that number, about one third children suffer head injuries and an estimated 200 die. By wearing a helmet, a child can reduce her risk of injury by as much as 85 percent. But remember ---- a bicycle helmet must fit properly to be safe. Here are five steps to making sure your child's helmet fits properly. 1) If you haven't bought your child's helmet already, you might want to consider one with a rear stabilizer . A rear stabilizer holds the back of the head gently and helps the helmet stay correctly positioned. 2) The helmet should fit closely and shouldn't slide from side to side or front to back. If your child can put two fingers on both temples inside the helmet, it's too big. Try a smaller size. But if the next size down is too small, use the fit pads . Fit pads come in different sizes and attach to the helmet with Velcro. 3) Tell your child to open her mouth widely and ask if she can feel the helmet push down onto the top of her head. If she can't, you need to readjust her helmet. 4) To prevent strap slippage, wind a rubber band around the strap where it meets the fastener. 5) Recheck the fit regularly. You should replace the bicycle helmet: If she has been in an accident with it. If the buckle breaks or if a piece breaks off. If it doesn't have a U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, American Society for Testing and Materials, or Snell Memorial Foundation sticker. If it doesn't fit correctly. Even if the helmet fit perfectly two years ago, it might be too small now. Phil White, a father, found the buckle of his girl's helmet broken, he can _
|
[
"buy a new bicycle helmet for her",
"mend the bicycle helmet himself",
"continue to use the bicycle helmet",
"throw away the broken buckle"
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Inprefix = st1 /Kansas City,Missouri, a computer helps fire fighters. The computer, which works very fast, has information about all the 350,000 street addresses in the city. Within two or three seconds after a call is received, the computer provides necessary information for the fire fighters. The information is then sent to them by radio from the computer centre in the City Hall. The exact place of the burning building and its size, type and any other details are clear to them. TheKansas Citycomputer system also has a medical record of each of the city's 900 fire fighters. This kind of information is especially useful when a fire fighter is injured. With the information, doctors at hospital can treat the injured fire fighters more quickly and easily. The fire fighters themselves greatly appreciate the computer's help. They know about possible danger ahead of them and can prepare for it. Many times the computer information helps to save lives and property . Sometimes the lives are those of fire fighters themselves. Mike Horan, a fire fighter captain, says, "I feel as if the computer is watching over me to help me if I get hurt." Why can the doctors treat the fire fighters quickly and easily?
|
[
"The hospital has a very good computer.",
"The fire fighters can know about possible danger early.",
"The computers can prepare everything for them.",
"Medical records in the computers help them a lot."
] | 3D
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Millions of people living all over the world have cancer. Is cancer a pandemic?
|
[
"No, because cancer is not contagious.",
"No, because cancer is not always fatal.",
"Yes, because millions of people have cancer.",
"Yes, because people all over the world have cancer."
] | 0A
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
We have now known something about computers---computers work for us at home, in offices and in factories. But it is also true that many children today are using computers at schools before they can write. What does this mean for the future? Are these children lucky or not? Many people do not know about computers and they think of them as machines that children play with. They worry that children do not learn from experience but just from pressing* a button* and that this is not good for them. They think that children are growing not knowing about the real world. And they are very worried about that their children will lose themselves in the computer games. But many people understand more about computers, they say that computers can be very good for children. A computer can help them to learn about the real world more quickly, to learn what they want to learn and think for themselves. And for the future, don't we need people who can think clearly, who know how to get information quickly and use it well? What do you think? For example, e-mail is very popular at this moment. Do you know about e-mail? E-mail is a way of sending messages to other people. E-mail is a fast and cheap way to keep in touch with friends and family. It's much quicker than sending a letter. People who use e-mail have an e-mail address. This address must have letters and dots* and the symbol "@"meaning "at". This is what an address looks like. People can send the messages across the Internet. It is quick, easy and fun. What does the writer think of the computers?
|
[
"It's a bad thing.",
"It's a good thing",
"It's not good or bad",
"Sorry, I don't know."
] | 1B
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A household appliance prepares food using electrical energy and
|
[
"biological energy",
"nothing else",
"heat energy",
"chemical energy"
] | 2C
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Plant and animal life cycles are alike because they both
|
[
"begin as eggs.",
"require the same amount of time.",
"have beginning, growing, and mature stages.",
"resemble their parents from the beginning stages."
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which conclusion is best supported by a tree-growth ring that is much narrower than the other growth rings?
|
[
"Crops grew well that year.",
"One year was unusually dry.",
"The tree was planted long ago.",
"The area used to have more trees."
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
LONDON, Aug. 19 (Xinhua) -- A four-year-old child's ability to draw could be an indicator of intelligence at age 14, according to a study published on Tuesday in the British journal Psychological Science. The researchers from King's College London (KCL) studied 7,752 pairs of identical and non-identical twins, and found that the link between drawing and later intelligence was influenced by genes. At the age of 4, children were asked by their parents to complete a 'Draw-a-Child' test. Their drawings were rated from 0 to 12, based on the presence and correct number of body-parts, like arms, legs, head, eyes and nose. The children were also given verbal and non-verbal intelligence tests at ages 4 and 14. According to researchers, the test was devised in the 1920's to assess children's intelligence, so it's not surprising that the test correlated with intelligence at age 4.However, they found that higher scores on the test were also moderately associated with higher scores of intelligence at 14. The researchers also measured the heritability of figure drawing. Identical twins share all their genes, whereas non-identical twins only share about 50 percent. Overall, at age 4, drawings from identical twin pairs were more similar to one another than drawings from non-identical twin pairs. Therefore, the researchers concluded that differences in children's drawings have an important genetic link. They also found that drawing at age 4 and intelligence at age 14 had a strong genetic link. "Drawing is an ancient behaviour, dating back beyond 15,000 years ago," Dr. Rosalind Arden, lead author of the paper from KCL, said that: "This capacity to reproduce figures is a uniquely human ability and a sign of cognitive ability, in a similar way to writing, which transformed the human species' ability to store information, and build a civilisation." According to the passage, which of the following statement about 'Draw-a-Child' test is true?
|
[
"The test was devised in the 1920's.",
"7,752 identical and non-identical twins took part in it.",
"The test was set to assess children's intelligence.",
"The children took the test at four."
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
As a boy, Sanders was much influenced by books about the sea, but by the age of fifteen he had decided to become a doctor rather than a sailor. His father was a doctor. So he was often with the doctors and got along very well with them. When he was fourteen, he was already hanging around the hospital where he was supposed to be helping to clean the medicine bottles, but was actually trying to listen to the doctors' conversations with patients in the next room. During the war Sanders served in the army as a surgeon . "That was the happiest time of my life. I was dealing with real sufferers and on the whole making a success of my job." In Rhodes he taught the country people simple facts about medicine. He saw himself as a life-saver. He had proved his skill to himself and had a firm belief that he could serve those who lived simply, and were dependent upon him. Thus, while in a position to tell them what to do he could feel he was serving them. After the war, he married and set up a practice deep in the English countryside, working under an old doctor who hated the sight of blood. This gave the younger man plenty of opportunity to go on working as a life-saver. When he was a small boy, books about the sea had made Sanders want to be _ .
|
[
"a surgeon",
"an army man",
"a sailor",
"a life-saver"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
International Students Club (ISC) is a friendship club organized by the American Student Union (ASU) for all international students. Visit the ISC table on the Tempe Main Campus from 9:30am to 12:30pm Monday -- Thursday to get information, practice speaking English, meet new friends and sign up for ISC activities. Our goal is to help all international students during their time here in the USA through practical help, social activities, trips, conversational English classes and Bible studies. International Graduates & Scholars A free dinner is held weekly on Friday nights at the Peterson home at 6:30pm. Transportation is provided from the ASU Bookstore at 6:10pm on Friday nights for free. Every year in June we have special activities -- summer camps. Want to make new friends or practice your English? Join us! For more information on activities for graduates and scholars, contact Nancy Peterson at 480-540-1518 or nancyp [email protected]. International Undergraduates If you're an international undergraduate hoping to meet new friends, join us at the Rita House on Friday nights, 7:00pm for a free meal, fellowship and Bible discussion. On Friday nights we offer free transportation from the ASU Bookstore at 6:45pm. Join our Facebook page at "ISC Undergraduates" for more specific information or you can contact Charles Boyle at 480-686-0561 or [email protected]. African Students All African students are invited to join us in our monthly activities designed for them to encourage one another and some club members also participate in the activities. This month we're meeting on April 18th at 4:00pm. Some of our club leaders will join them for student interaction and cultural exchange. For more information, contact Emmanuel Chijindu (from Nigeria) at 480-248-5121 or [email protected]. ISC Leaders & Staff If you want to become our club member, contact one of our student leaders or campus staff members. Caroline Tao [email protected] | 480-326-5135 Nigel Pinto [email protected] Nancy Peterson Charles Boyle (staff) Emmanuel Chijindu (staff) What can both international graduates and undergraduates get from the club?
|
[
"A free meal at the Rita House.",
"Friday night free transportation.",
"Special activities in June.",
"Bible studies."
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle. During the hours when you labour through your work, you may say that you're "hot". That's true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people that peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues as "Get up , John ! You'll be late for work again !" The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has. You can't change your energy cycle, but you can make your life fit it better. Habit can help. Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to . If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle , but you'll get up steam and work better at your low point . Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy for your sharper hours . If you want to work better at your low point in the morning, you should _ .
|
[
"change your energy cycle",
"overcome your laziness",
"get up early than usual",
"go to bed earlier"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
One morning, Tina and Wesley both wake up with sore throats and stuffy noses. They have the same symptoms, but they react very differently. While Tina reaches for water and vitamins, her husband, Wesley, reached for the phone. "I'd better make a doctor's appointment," he says. Why do these two Chinese people react to sickness so differently? Tina grew up in the U.S. Wesley grew up in Taiwan. And they have discovered that differences between Chinese and American cultures extend to every area of life. Even sickness and health. When Westerners experience pain, they usually express their discomfort. Most Asians don't. This creates a challenge for American nurses who care for Asian patients in the U.S. How do they know if that calm, quiet patient is really hurting? They have to keep asking their Asian patients how they feel. In addition, Americans usually don't want sickness to slow them down. Unlike Chinese people, Americans often don't take time off work to rest and get well. They'd rather sneeze and cough all day at the office. Americans who get sick in Asia may protest when Chinese friends suggest they go to the hospital. "I'm not that sick!" they may say. In the U.S., only very sick or injured patients go to hospital. People go to a doctor's office for less serious problems. Like Tina, Americans more often turn to vitamins or over-the-counter drugs to help them get well. Chinese people, however, often head straight for the doctor when they get sick, like Wesley did. They want a prescription to treat their sickness before it gets serious. Chinese patients often just trust their doctors to give them the information they need. Most Americans, however, ask their doctors lots of questions and do research. American patients want to know everything they can about their condition. So, are one culture's attitudes toward health better than the other's? Perhaps not. Tina and Wesley will both recover from their colds. And today, doctors all over the world are sharing treatment methods with each other. In health, as in everything else, we can learn a lot from each other. Which of the following serves as the best title?
|
[
"See the Doctor or Let it Be?",
"Got a Cold --- The Attitude Can be Very Different",
"Tina and Wesley --- Two Different Attitudes",
"Sharing --- A Good Way to Recovery"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
WASHINGTON--Tofu and Soyaburgers may be coming to American school lunch menus.What will the kids say? "Terrible," said Greg Dudzinski,17,of Ripon High School in Wisconsin,as he toured the US capital. "The regular hamburgers are bad enough,so soyaburgers would be a lot worse," offered Zach Richey,13,of Scottsboro Junior High in Alabama,another tourist. But the United States government--hoping to reduce the amount of fat that children are eating--has approved the use of soy as a meat substitute in meals for schools and day-care centers. Not all kids dislike the change Mariel Spano,17,of Sandy Creek High School in New York,also visiting the capital,said she likes soyaburgers:"There's less fat,and they're better for you.They taste the same,and they're just as good." The government tried to make soy a meat substitute nearly 20 years ago-but later dropped the idea.At the time,the plan was intended as a cost-cutting move .US Agriculture Department officials say their purpose now is only to make meals healthier. Schools are likely to increase the amount of soy that is mixed with hamburgers and other foods already on their menus,and they will also be looking to food companies to develop new soy products that children will like "I can't see putting tofu on a student's plate as being acceptable.I can see taking a product that's familiar to the students and adding a large amount of soy to it and having it be acceptable," said Jill Benza,director of food services for the Mesa,Arizona schools. What is the newspaper report mainly about?
|
[
"The difficulty in using soy products for US schools.",
"Various opinions on soy products for US schools.",
"The plan that is made by the US government for school lunch.",
"Healthy foods for students in US schools."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Celebrities are more in love with themselves than the average person,according to a new study. In case anyone needed proof, a new study supports the widely held perception:Famous people are more narcissistic ,which means they are more in love with themselves than the average person is.That is the conclusion drawn by Drew Pinsky and S.Mark Young of the University of Southern California,whose study of 200 celebrities will appear in the Journal Of Research in Personality. It is not the entertainment industry that turns stars into narcissists,the study found.Rather, it suggests,the self-adoring people seek jobs in show business.The study, whose subjects were a11 celebrities from Pinsky's'Loveline'radio show, found that reality TV stars were the most narcissistic of all celebrities.Female stars were also more likely than the male stars to exhibit narcissistic characteristics. It's "common sense" that celebrities are narcissists,said Jeremy Ritzlin,a longtime Hollywood psychologist who has not seen the study."Everyone knows famous people are really in love with themselves,"he said."So it would be natural for narcissists to be attracted toward the stage and spotlight,where other people will also think highly of them." Pinsky, an assistant clinical professor of psychiatry at USC'S Keck School of Medicine,said narcissists desire attention,are overconfident,behave strangely and lack sympathy."However, they are easily-liked,especially on first meeting,are outgoing and perform well in public," added Pinsky, who has hosted the radio show"Loveline"for 20 years. Celebrity guests appearing on the program were randomly chosen to participate in the study.They anonymously took the Narcissistic Personality Inventory test.which rates self-love levels based on seven components:superiority, exhibitionism,entitlement,vanity,authority, exploitativeness,and self-sufficiency. Who are most likely to be self-adoring in the study?
|
[
"The women stars.",
"The men stars",
"The average people.",
"It is not mentioned in the passage."
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
As children begin to head back to school, there are several things that you can do to make sure that your child stays healthy and performs at their peak potential during the school year. 1. Make sure your child is up to date on their immunizations . The summer is a good time to schedule visits to the doctor's as your child is not in school, and the visit won't require that your child miss school days. 2. Encourage proper nutrition. America faces childhood obesity . This means that the percentage of overweight children is increasing each year, and this will place your child at risk of developing a variety of diseases when they are middle age or even young adults. You can start helping your child to become healthier by offering fruits and vegetables at home instead of calorie heavy potato chips and candy. 3. Get your child involved in sports activities. Activities in high school such as track and cross-country are important for socialization for your child, as well as helping to improve their health. You can get your child interested in wholesome activities by discussing with them how you enjoyed similar activities in high school. 4. _ . Many children become sexually active in junior school and senior high school, and the sooner you discuss sex with your child the sooner they will be prepared. Tell your child that there is always the possibility of infecting a sexual disease when two people have sex; and discuss with your child the use of condoms. The sooner you start having this embarrassing situation the better. 5. Know your child's friends. You can do this by inviting your child to bring their friends over to your house for a pizza night, or by chatting with them when they stop by your house. If you find your child's friend has a bad reputation, then you could consider introducing your child to a different network of people, such as through the girl/boy scouts. Forbidding your child from seeing a certain person may only lead them to rebel and become closer to that person. 6. Discuss with your child the seriousness of drug use and abuse. Your child may not realize that using drugs can have serious consequences. Your child may get the false impression that drug use is his right. Explain to a child that saying no to drugs is their right, and that anybody offering them drugs is not their friend. 7. Help your child to avoid a life long smoking addiction by discussing with them the consequences of smoking. The sad fact is that most smokers became addicted when they were in their teenage years, and are unable to quit for long periods of time and often die many years earlier due to their smoking habit which increases the risk of lung cancer, heart disease, and a variety of medical conditions. Even if you are a smoker yourself, you can discuss with your child about how damaging smoking can be on a person's health. 8. Impress upon your child the importance of traffic rules. Tell them that it is OK to wear a seat belt in anyone's car, because it may save their life one day. If your child rides a bicycle or a skateboard, then discuss with them the importance of always wearing a helmet. As you child becomes qualified for driver's permit, you should discuss with them the importance of prevention from drinking and driving. 9. Be cautious about signs of depression in childhood. A surprisingly large number of children may become depressed, and a small number of teenagers and children commit suicide each year. Realize that any signs of unusual depressed mood, angry outbursts, suicidal comments, feelings of hopelessness, and loss of enjoyment of activities with friends may be signs of depression. What topic is NOT discussed in this passage?
|
[
"Traffic",
"Smoking",
"Depression",
"Study"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which celestial object listed below has the greatest density?
|
[
"a planet",
"a comet",
"a nebula",
"a neutron star"
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which object has more thermal energy?
|
[
"a 225-gram glass of orange juice at a temperature of 20°C",
"a 225-gram glass of orange juice at a temperature of 15°C"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
How long is the Grand Canyon?
|
[
"450 millimeters",
"450 meters",
"450 kilometers",
"450 centimeters"
] | 2C
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
In reptile eggs, the extraembryonic membrane that functions in excretion and respiration is the
|
[
"amnion",
"chorion",
"allantois",
"yolk sac"
] | 2C
|
high_school_biology
|
mmlu
|
Tech-Camp prefix = st1 /6 Devon Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong a technology day camp for students 12--17 About Tech-Camp: Tech-Camp is a day camp with a focus on computers and electronics technology. We offer 2-week summer programs for students of 12 to 17 years of age. We have a computer lab with the latest and fastest equipment, an electronics lab, and a video production studio. Our staff is special, too. Our program leaders are experts in computers and electronics, of course, but they are also people who care about children and enjoy working with them. The benefits of Tech-Camp: In all of our programs, we show students how to work in teams and how to solve problems by themselves. We encourage them to think creatively. What students will do at Tech-Camp? Each day at Tech-Camp is filled with useful, interesting and challenging activities. For example, in the Computer Program, students learn basic computer programming, and how to use the Internet. In the High-tech Program, they make radio-controlled model cars and produce their own short videos. Program Session 1 Computer Program 15June-26June High-tech Program 29June-10July 27July-7August Fee: HK $ 2,000 per student (10% discount available for groups of l0 or more students) For more information about Tech-Camp, please contact Director of Summer Program, Ms Julia Brown, by phone, fax or e-mail. Telephone :26548898 Fax: 26948850 e-mail: juliab@ techcamp. com. HK From the brochure we can know that _ .
|
[
"the Camp offers students accommodation during their stay at thecamp",
"High school teachers are in charge of the Camp",
"Students at the Tech-Camp mainly benefit from the knowledge about the high-tech through lectures given by the experts",
"Students will learn how to work with their friends and how to think and solve problems creatively through a lot of activities."
] | 3D
|
high_school_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How long is a leather belt?
|
[
"26 feet",
"26 yards",
"26 inches",
"26 miles"
] | 2C
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
The National Geographic Channel has unearthed a time capsule buried by late Apple chairman and co-founder Steve Jobs thirty years ago. The time capsule was buried in Aspen .Colorado .in 1983, shortly after Jobs attended the International Design Conference being held in that city. Organizers called the device the Aspen Time Tube and contributed items like Rubik's cubes and some iconic music. Jobs added his own items to the capsule ,including the " Lisa" ( also known as an "Apple" )"mouse he used for his presentation at the conference. ' Younger readers may not recognize the name but the Lisa Apple mouse was one of the first commercial mice released to consumers. The mouse was specially designed for the Apple Lisa computer. It's also the first personal computer to offer users a graphical user interface Initially ,the plan was to dig up the time capsule in the year2000,but organizers forgot its exact location. Recently .they brought in researchers working with the National Geographic Channel show Diggers to find the device. Eventually they came across the 13-foot-long.1. 5-foot-diameter tube. inside they found a lot of 1980s artifacts that are still being catalogued. "When the end came off .literally things just poured out ."noted Diggers host Tim Saylor "There must be literally thousands of things in there." "They had the foresight to put a bunch of stuff in plastic bags." Saylor said ."I could see at least a dozen plastic bags and other items. But I know for sure there got to be photographs in there. People had hand-written things on the back of the photographs ,so there will be some really interesting things inside." Among the artifacts researchers expect to discover inside :a Steve Jobs speech in which the Apple visionary outlines his predictions for future technologies. We should know more about the researchers ,discoveries once the Diggers program airs this fall. From the passage we can infer that _ .
|
[
"there were some special photographs found-inside the time capsule",
"a Steve Jobs speech with future predictions was found inside the cap",
"Steve Jobs predictions for future technologies have come true",
"more about the capsule will be discovered in the Diggers program"
] | 3D
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Bob Pearson is an old man. He has two big houses and a new car. He has no wife. But he is the father of four children. He has two sons and two daughters. One son is from England. His name is Bill. The other son is from America. His name is Mike. One of his daughters is from Japan. Her name is Mikou. The other one is from China. Her name is Lanlan. Bob Pearson is not the children's real father, but he loves them very much. The children love their "father" , too. The children _ Bob Pearson's real children.
|
[
"is",
"isn't",
"are",
"aren't"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The lunar face appears to change 52 times
|
[
"a millennium",
"a month",
"a day",
"annually"
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Baby sign language is a growing movement. Pointing to a color1ful flower, Campbell lifts her baby's soft hand, and rapidly moves it from one side of his nose to the other as she sniffs ."Flower!" she says loudly. Gregory smiles and looks carefully. It could be a year before Gregory, 4 months old, can speak, but now his mother hopes to communicate with her baby through sign language. Like others around the world, Campbell is part of a growing movement of parents teaching hearing babies simple signs to communicate before they can talk. The baby sign language has been more popular in recent years. The movie,"Meet the Fockers",where the main character teaches his young grandson to sign, makes it well developed. Babies generally begin to talk between 12 and 15 months, but babies can use sign language to communicate before they learn how to speak. "We know they are learning language faster than they are able to show you with their speech production because that system takes a long time to develop." says McRoberts, director of developmental research at the Haskins Laboratories. "They are understanding words before they are able to say them. From around 16 to 18 months, they might say 50 words but understand 200.They understand short sentences well." says McRoberts. Studies have shown deaf children learn to use sign language earlier than hearing children learn to speak meaningfully. As to whether hearing babies can communicate earlier with sign language, McRoberts says,"I think that's still unknown. It may not. I'm very interested in that very question." Many parents teach their babies sign language mainly to _ .
|
[
"communicate with their babies",
"make their babies learn English fast",
"make their babies clever",
"make their babies interested in language"
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How long is a raisin?
|
[
"12 meters",
"12 kilometers",
"12 millimeters",
"12 centimeters"
] | 2C
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Based on this information, what is Pudge's genotype for the body color gene?
|
[
"Bb",
"a gray body"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Which organ tells other organs what to do?
|
[
"heart",
"brain",
"stomach"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Nick Petrels is a doctor in Montreal. He works 60 hours a week. He takes care of 159 patients a week in the hospital and at his office. He's been a doctor for ten years. Dr. Petrels gives his patients good medical advice. But he doesn't just tell his patients what to do. He also sings to them on television! Dr. Petrels has his own TV show. The show is in Italian, English and French. The doctor starts the show with a song and then gives medical advice. He explains a medical problem or disease in simple language. After that, he sings another song. Dr. Petrels produces and performs in his own show every week. The program is very popular with his patients and with people who enjoy his singing. His dream is to perform in Las Vegas. His favorite songs are love songs, and he has a compact disk of love songs that he wrote. Dr. Petrels says, "I always loved to sing. All my problems are gone when I sing." But when Dr. Petrels was young, his father didn't want him to be a singer, so he went to medical school. Some people tell Dr. Petrels he can help people more as a doctor. But Dr. Petrels says he helps people when he sings, too. "I like to make people smile. Sometimes it's difficult to make a sick person smile. Medicine and pleasure both try to do the same thing. They try to make people feel good." Dr. Petrels _ , so he is called a singing doctor.
|
[
"also sings to his patients on TV",
"always loves to sing",
"is popular with his patients",
"has been a doctor for ten years"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Compared to the Sun, a red star most likely has a greater
|
[
"volume.",
"rate of rotation.",
"surface temperature.",
"number of orbiting planets."
] | 0A
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
The speed of sound is generally greatest in
|
[
"solids and lowest in liquids.",
"solids and lowest in gases.",
"gases and lowest in liquids.",
"gases and lowest in solids."
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Many people find themselves caught up in others' problems, and then confused about how and when to help. In fact, all relationships need limits no matter whether they are friendships, sibling relations, mates/ lovers or business relations. On some level, all limit setting means saying no. However, it is usually a qualified "no" that says what, where, when, and under what conditions you will give or not give to another person. There are three points we should keep in mind about limit setting: 1.Decide where to set the limits. Think about the entire situation. Consider your time, emotions, and means. Then consider whether you are helping the other person. Aim to do something to help the other person without taking on the whole problem. 2.Express the limits clearly. For example, you say to your friend, " I will lend you $20,000 no more than once every three months. And I expect you will pay me back within three months and certainly before you can borrow more." You say to another friend, "you can stay here for three weeks but you must help me with expenses and cooking and make sure that you will find your own place before the three weeks is up". 3.Stick to your limits. You are not responsible for making the other person obey the limits. You are only responsible for following the limits yourself. Your friend has repaid $12,500 of his/her $20,000 and asks for $20,000 more. You say no. He/She gets emotional and then says, "I need this money to cover a bad check. If you cared for our friendship, you would do it". Limit setting is often stressful and painful because people mistakes it for rejection. And limit setting certainly brings guilt. Bear in mind, it doesn't mean you have given up or quit loving your friend, lovers, or sibling. It does mean you are expressing that love in a different and more helpful (to both of you) manner. According to the passage, setting limits means _ .
|
[
"refusing always to say yes to your friend",
"saying no to your friend who turns to you",
"making different kinds of friends",
"breaking away from your friend"
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The legal age for drinking alcohol in the Unite States is twenty-one. Underage drinking is a crime but also a common part of college social life. This week in our Foreign Student Series, we look at alcohol rules at American colleges and universities. These rules differ from school to school, but many schools have been moving to strengthen their rules. The United States has more than 17,000,000 students in higher education. Each year, 1700 of them die from alcohol-related road crashes and other injuries. 600,000 more are injured while under the influence of alcohol. And almost 700,000 are attacked by another drunken. One behavior that college officials are trying to prevent is too much drink. Some researchers have found that students who think binge drinking is normal often think extremely how much other students really drink. A person can die of alcohol poisoning. At Oklahoma University, a nineteen-year-old student died from drinking heavily at a party in 2005. Now alcohol is banned from all sorority houses and university housing. Student organizations can serve alcohol at events but only on Friday and Saturday nights. Other new requirements include an alcohol education program that first-year students take online. The rules govern behavior on campus and off. With a first violation ,students pay seventy-five dollars and their parents are told. They must also take an alcohol education class. For a second "strike", they have to pay one hundred fifty dollars. A third strike means that they have to be suspended school for at least one semester. Since 2005,363 students have had a first strike. 30 have had a second strike-and only one hasn't allowed to go to school for one semester. The president at Oklahoma tells us the aim is not just to punish but to change the behavior and culture at the university. If a student has a third strike, he or she should _ .
|
[
"have to stop going to school for a time.",
"be removed to another school",
"be locked at home for a period.",
"be forced to leave school forever."
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
With the addition of thrusters your forward momentum will
|
[
"stop",
"increase",
"decrease",
"stall"
] | 1B
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Suppose that a test that the true value of the intercept coefficient is zero results in non-rejection. What would be the appropriate conclusion?
|
[
"Drop the intercept and re-run the regression",
"Retain the intercept",
"Re-compute the test statistic",
"The regression line is running exactly through the origin"
] | 1B
|
econometrics
|
mmlu
|
Louis Pasteur found a way to
|
[
"make food tasty",
"make food healthier",
"make food wet",
"make food green"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A Koala Isn't a Bear Koalas remind people of teddy bears.They have thick fur and large ears.Their broad, flat nose makes them look cute, similar to teddy bears.In fact koalas aren't cute.They have sharp teeth and very sharp claws! Koalas are marsupials.This means the mother carries her baby in a pocket while it develops, similar to a kangaroo.The baby koala lives in its mother's pocket for the first six months of its life. The name "koala" comes from a native Australian word that means "no drink". The koalas get almost all their water from the eucalyptus leaves they eat.That's where they get their food too.Koalas eat only eucalyptus leaves, and only the leaves of certain eucalyptus trees.The eucalyptus trees are where the koalas live.It's also where they sleep.Koalas sleep about nineteen hours a day! Why do they sleep so much? Some people think it's because they're lazy.But koalas aren't lazy.They sleep so much because there isn't much nutrition in eucalyptus leaves.Koalas store hardly any fat, so they must save their energy.One way to do this is to move slowly and sleep a lot. After a day of sleeping they like to move around and eat just after sunset.They live alone most of the time.Koalas are very protective of their trees.If a koala sees another koala eating in its favorite tree, it might tell the other koala to leave by "barking" at it.Koalas do "talk" to each other.Besides barks, the males make a deep grunting sound.The mothers and babies talk in soft clicking sounds.If they get scared they may scream like a baby. Why do koalas sleep a lot?
|
[
"Their babies need to get much rest.",
"They get tired from playing so much.",
"Their food does not give them much energy.",
"They do not like to be awake when it is warm."
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the reptile.
|
[
"coral snake",
"humpback whale",
"California toad",
"tiger salamander"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Recently there was a major discovery in the scientific research--the mapping of all DNA in a human gene is complete. Couple of years ago, this seems an impossible task for scientist to accomplish. All this progress in science leads us to believe that the day, when the human being will be cloned, is not far away. Human cloning has always been a topic of argument,in terms of morality or religion. Taking a look at why cloning might be beneficial, among many cases, it is arguable that parents who are known to be at risk of passing a genetic limitation to a child could make use of cloning. If the clone was free of genetic limitations. Then the other clone would be as well. The latter could foe inserted in the woman and allowed to ripen to term. Moreover,cloning would enable women, who can't get pregnant, to have children of their own. Cloning humans would also mean that organs could be cloned, so it would be a source of perfect transfer organs. This, surely would be greatly beneficial to millions of unfortunate people around the world that are expected to lose their lives due to failure of single(or more) organ(s).It is also arguable that a ban on cloning may be unlawful and would rob people of the right to reproduce and limit the freedom of scientists. Arguments against cloning are also on a perfectly practical side. Primarily, I believe that cloning would step in the normal "cycle"of life. There would be a large number of same genes., which reduce the chances of improvement,and, in turn, development-the fundamental reason how living things naturally adapt to the ever-changing environment. Life processes failing to do so might result in untimely disappearance. Furthermore, cloning would make the uniqueness that each one of us possesses disappea. Thus, leading to creation of genetically engineered groups of people for specific purposes and, chances are, that those individuals would be regarded as "objects" rather than people in the society. Scientists haven't 100 percent. guaranteed that the first cloned will be normal. Thus this could result in introduction of additional limitations in the human "gene-pool". Regarding such arguable topics in "black or white" approach seems very innocent to me personally. We should rather try to look at all "shades: of it. I believe that cloning is only legal if its purpose is for cloning organs, not humans. Then we could regard this as for "saving life" instead of "creating life". I believe cloning humans is morally and socially unacceptable. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
|
[
"Genetic limitation will be beneficial for some women",
"A large number of genes will prevent us from developing",
"Prohibition of cloning might limit the freedom of scientists",
"First cloned humans might be normal according to scientists"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Sharpening a pencil and tearing paper are examples of physical changes. Which statement describes why these are physical changes?
|
[
"There is a change in how the objects are used.",
"There is a change in the appearance of the objects.",
"There is a change in the materials from which the objects are made.",
"There is a change in both the appearance of the objects and the materials from which they are made."
] | 1B
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
There was a young woman who had a baby. She was very young. She had to learn how to feed the baby right. The doctor helped her with this. The doctor helped her with many things. Yesterday, the doctor had helped her try and teach the child to use the toilet. Today, she puts a bib on the baby to try to feed her. She tries to feed it with a frog shaped spoon. She tries to feed her a banana. She tries a rhyme, to get the child to have fun. The rhyme is about the cat that jumped over the moon. The doctor watches with a smile on his face. The doctor has a beard. The baby likes to play with the doctor's beard. The baby also likes to play with her rattle. Her rattle is shaped like a bull. It is a loud rattle. The baby still makes a mess, but she is drier than yesterday. The doctor says it is a good job. What did the doctor help the woman do yesterday?
|
[
"Sing to the baby.",
"Feed the baby.",
"Teach the baby to use the toilet.",
"Wash the baby."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Dear Abby, I'm a helpless mother.My son Tom is 15 years old.I find that the older he grows,the less we talk.I feel very sad and I really need help. My first problem is about his hobbies.He spends almost all his spare time on computer games.When he gets home.he always turns on the computer and closes the door.I'm getting worried about him,especially when his English teacher tells me he always gets low marks in the English exams. Second,he likes new technology,but I don't have enough money and I can't afford all the things he wants. Recently,I've found that he is always alone.I've never seen him talking to his friends on the phone or going out with anyone on weekends.That is the last problem I have. What should I do to help him?Please give me some advice. A helpless mother The helpless mother asks Abby to _ .
|
[
"play with Tom",
"talk to Tom",
"buy what Tom wants",
"give her some advice"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Many expensive nutrition additives advertised on TV say they can improve your memory. But only ordinary food and healthy habits have been shown to work. A research team from UCLA (University of California at Los Angeles) has designed a four-step plan to improve your memory in just 14 days. "It sounds like another advertisement, but it really works," says UCLA psychiatry professor Gary Small. The team found the four-step plan improved memory function in teenagers under stress and older people. After a two-week study that included brain-teasers , exercise and diet changes, test subjects' memories worked more efficiently. Here's the programme: Memory training: Train yourself with brain-teasers, crossword puzzles and memory exercises that train verbal skills throughout the day. Healthy diet: Eat five rather than three meals a day. The food should be rich in omega-3 fats (omega-3), such as whole grains and vegetables that contain antioxidants . Having frequent meals helps increase blood glucose , the primary energy source for the brain. Physical fitness: Have regular physical exercise such as walking, basketball or running, every day. Stress reduction : Perform stretching and relaxation exercises. Stress causes the body to release a chemical that can shrink the memory centres in the brain. Before-and-after brain scans showed that test subjects experienced on average a 5 per cent increase in working memory. This suggests they were using their brains more efficiently. They also performed better on a cognitive test. A control group that didn't follow the plan showed no big changes. "We've known for years that diet and exercise can help people keep their physical health, which is a key part of healthy aging," said Small. "But keeping mental health is just as important. Now we have evidence that people can improve their memories through a programme of memory exercises and stress reduction." A research team from UCLA started the programme with the purpose of _ .
|
[
"improving your memory by eating healthy food in just 14 days",
"advertising nutrition additives on TV",
"proving many nutrition additive advertisement are false",
"showing the relationship between memories and memory exercises"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A father sat at his desk poring over his monthly bills when his young son rushed in and announced, "Dad, because this is your birthday and you're 40 years old, I'm going to give you 40 kisses, one for each year!" When the boy started making good on his word, the father cried out suddenly, "Oh, Andrew, don't do it now; I'm too busy!" The youngster immediately fell silent as tears welled up in his big blue eyes.Apologicaliy the father said, "You can finish later." The boy said nothing but quietly walked away, disappointment written over his face.That evening the father said, "Come and finish the kisses now, Andrew!" But the boy didn't respond. Unfortunately, a few days later after this incident, the boy had an accident and was drowned.His heartbroken father wrote... "If only I could tell him how much I regret my thoughtless words, and could be sure that he knows how much my heart is aching." Love is not only giving.Any loving act must be warmly accepted or it will be taken as rejection and can leave a scar.If we are too busy to give and receive love, we are too busy! Nothing is more important than responding with love to the cry for love from those who are near and precious to us, because there may be no chance at all as in the case of the little boy. The boy is going to give his father 40 kisses because _ .
|
[
"his father is very busy",
"this is the boy' birthday",
"the boy wants to play with his father",
"this is his father' birthday and he's 40 years old"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
If an icicle melts, or steam condenses, that matter would
|
[
"sing",
"fry",
"rot",
"dribble"
] | 3D
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
It is common sense that children who walk or cycle to school have a lower risk of obesity than those by car. But driving your youngsters to the gates could also cause their academic work to suffer. Researchers found children who were driven to school, or who took public transport, had poorer concentration levels than those who took a more active route such as walking or cycling. The joint study by researchers at two Danish universities found the regular exercise could advance a student up to half a year in their studies. Children who were driven to school, or who took public transport, performed less well in a test measuring concentration levels, than those who had walked or cycled. The results surprised the researchers, as their hypothesis originally focused on the effects of eating breakfast and lunch on pupils' ability to concentrate. "The exercise one uses to transport oneself to school is reflected in the level of concentration one has about four hours later," Niels Egelund, a co- author of the report said. "The results showed that having breakfast and lunch has an impact, but not very much compared to having exercise." "As a third-grade pupil, if you exercise and bike to school, your ability to concentrate increases to the equivalent of someone half a year further in their studies," he added. In the survey, taken by 19, 527 pupils aged five to 19 years old, participants were asked about their exercise habits and were then given a basic test measuring their concentration. "Most people know the feeling of being refreshed after having exercised, but it is surprising that the effect lasts for so long," Egelund said. Previous research from the university of Montreal has found that exercise helps our brains make better use of oxygen. It may also reduce mental fatigue and sharpen your thinking in between gym sessions. And last week Swedish researchers said they found that muscular boys will live longer than their weaker friends. And even if they are overweight by the time they get to adulthood, those with stronger muscles tend to live longer. According to the passage, which of the following statements is correct?
|
[
"Having breakfast and lunch has a greater impact on concentration than having exercise.",
"Children driven to school perform worse in all tests.",
"Having exercise can refresh us but it doesn't last long.",
"Eating breakfast and lunch can affect children's ability to focus."
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Should you stay at home to look after your child,or return to work? Maybe you don't have the option.Combining work and motherhood is an issue faced by increasing numbers of women every day. New research for the Institute for Economic and Social Research could solve this quandary once and for all.In short,it concludes that going back to work after the birth of a child can have a negative impact on the child's development--unless you have lots of money. "Growing up in a family in which the mother chooses to work appears to have some adverse consequences for children's welfare," the research says.However,it adds that extra money brought in by both parents can reduce the negative effect.The negative effect is also less apparent in children of bettereducated mothers. The research by John Ermisch and Marco Francesconi is especially downbeat about welfare to work programmes,and especially,the prospects for the children of some single parents. "It is hard to see anything but gloomy prospects for the children of single parents (who are generally poor)," the researchers said.This is because in a common family where both parents work,extra money brought in by the mother's working would compensate for less time spent with the children. In contrast,the researchers said the effects of paternal employment were far more modest,but this did not mean that fathers had no role in shaping their children's welfare.Money brought in by the father would be a major resource for helping children develop. The research says,however,that before parents get too carried away by worrying about working,there are more important issues facing a child's development.Parents' personalities and emotional stability,parenting practices,and the friends and networks that children experience while growing up will be much bigger factors than whether their mothers work. The extra money brought in by both parents _ .
|
[
"plays different roles in shaping a child's welfare",
"can reduce the negative effect on a child",
"has negative effect on a child's development",
"may damage the life of children"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A cancer-stricken British teenage girl said Thursday she had been moved by messages of support from around the world after writing an online "Bucket List" of things she wanted to do before dying. Alice Pyne, l5, created an Internet blog in which she described her fight against a cancer of the white blood cells. " I've been fighting cancer for almost four years and now l know that the cancer is gaining on me and it doesn't look like I'm going to win this one," she wrote. For her list, the teenager took inspiration from the 2007 film "The Bucket List", in which two terminally ill men, played by Morgan Freeman and Jack Nicholson, draw up a list of things they wish to do before they die. On her list, at the site www. alicepyne. blogspot. com, she has included making everyone sign up to be a bone marrow donor , swimming with sharks, meeting boy band Take That and getting a purple iPad computer. Messages of support and offers of help quickly flooded her webpage and it became one of the most talked about subjects on Twitter. "Oh dear and I thought that I was just doing a little blog for a few friends!" she wrote after her site attracted huge attention. "Thank you so much for all your lovely messages to me." Pyne, who lives with her family in the northwest English town of Ulverston, revealed the management of Take That had arranged for her to see the band after reading her blog. A group of local lawmakers have also joined forces with the Anthony Nolan blood cancer charity to encourage people to join its stem cell register. Take That will arrange to _ .
|
[
"invite Pyne to join the band",
"help Pyne in any possible way",
"donate money to Pyne",
"meet Pyne in person"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Magnetic media, such as TVs, computer monitors, credit cards and pacemakers can be damaged when exposed to
|
[
"neodymium",
"a paper clip",
"copper penny",
"metal nails"
] | 0A
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
I grew up with a fat dad--450 pounds at his heaviest.Every week he would try a new diet,and my family ended up eating whatever strange food he was trying at that moment. After my thirdgrade year,my dad landed a lifechanging job in Manhattan.My mom,my little sister and I had to move away from our hometown,Chicago,and leave my grandmother and her beautiful food behind. Leaving my grandmother was far more frightening than the move to New York City.There would be no more special weekends at my grandmother's house,the only place I can remember feeling happy,safe and nourished .It was what I desired.In this new city,I felt extremely alone and lost,and I missed my grandmother terribly. My grandmother knew just how I felt--And she knew the _ .Every week,she would send me a card with a $20 bill,a recipe and a list of what to buy at the market.It kept us bonded,and her recipes filled my body and soul. Over the years,I have grown to better understand my father's struggles with weight and the toll it took on him and those who love him.I have come to realize he was driven not by vanity or selfishness as much as by a deep pain.And in spite of growing up in such an unhealthy eating environment (or perhaps because of it),as an adult I found a passion and a career as a nutrition consultant. Today,my father weighs 220 pounds and is a vegan .How he got there is a story I hope to share in the coming weeks.More importantly,food is no longer a barrier that keeps us apart,but a bridge that keep us connected.There is nothing my dad enjoys more than talking with me about dietary theories and his weightloss victories.And now I am the one regularly sending recipe cards to my father's house,just as my grandmother did for me. What kind of person was actually the author's father?
|
[
"He was a man of vanity and selfishness.",
"He didn't like to eat with his family.",
"He was more painful than selfish.",
"He forced his family to eat what he liked."
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Schools have been blamed for giving kids access to soda in vending machines . But new data suggest that school soft drink sales may not be an important factor in how much soda kids drink. In the current issue of The Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, researchers compared soda consumption among nearly 500 students inprefix = st1 /Mainewho attended seven schools over two school years. Four of the schools cut back on soft drink availability at the schools, while three of the schools made no changes. All the students were drinking less soda by the end of the study period, but there were no meaningful differences in overall soft drink consumption among the different schools. The data suggest that limiting soft drink availability at school doesn't result in meaningful changes in drink consumption patterns. While there were no changes in overall soda consumption, there was a notable shift in diet soda drinking among girls. If the school cut back on soda availability, girls were less likely to drink diet soda, compared to girls in schools that made no changes. The data are the latest to suggest that schools may not play as big of a role in kids' poor eating habits as widely believed. Last year, The American Journal of Public Healthpublished a provocative study showing that childhood weight problems often get worse in the summer, when kids are out of school. Data from kindergarteners and first graders found that body mass index increased two to three times as fast in summer as during the regular school year. Minority children were especially at risk, as were children who were already overweight. Even children who were too thin and needed to gain weight appeared to have better eating habits during the school year. They actually gained more weight while in school and less in the summer. Even so, much of the focus on childhood nutrition and obesity remains in the nation's schools. Today, The Timesreported that even the school bake sale is disappearing as districts impose strict standards on the food served on school grounds. What can be learned from The Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior?
|
[
"Soft drink remains a problem in schools.",
"Girls tend to consume less soda at school.",
"Soft drinks may not to be blame for eating problems.",
"Vending machines are not available in all schools."
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
If you want to protect yourself,please remember the following ways of information. These ways will make you safe. Don't use earphones when you are running in the school yard or in the street. You will keep yourself from the outside world and can easily get into trouble. If a stranger is following you, please don't go home directly .You may be safer in the street than you are in your home or in a lift. If necessary, please go and get help from others. When you take a bus, don't sit alone. You should sit behind the driver or with friends. Don't sleep. Your school bag should be carried towards(,)the front of your body. Don't put it on your back. Don't play with matches or candles , because it may cause fire. If it causes fire, please call 119. We should carry our school bags _ on the bus.
|
[
"in front of our bodies",
"on the floor",
"on our backs",
"on the heads"
] | 0A
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How long is a basketball court?
|
[
"30 yards",
"30 feet"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Famous centenarians still active in arts, science are in no mood to retire. "Those who stand still, die," is one of Oliveira's favorite phrases. He knows from experience what it means, as the Portuguese film director has reached the age of 102 and is still active in his profession. Every year, Oliveira shoots a film and is currently working on his next project. "You have to work, work, work in order to forget that death is not far away," he said. When asked about his age, Oliveira said with some humility: "It's down to mother nature. It gave to me what it took from others." Being both mentally and physically fit in old age is partly a matter of luck, but it also has something to do with character. Not every white-haired person is wise and social skills, openness and the ability to train the brain are essential for senior citizens. Along with the architect Oscar Niemeyer (103), Nobel laureate Montalcini (101) and director Kurt Maetzig (100), Oliveira is one of those people of whom it would be very wrong to think as members of a listless elderly generation. Another master in his profession is the architect Oscar Niemeyer. The 103-year-old Brazilian is best known for his futuristic-looking buildings in Brasilia, but he also speaks out on behalf of the poor. "The role of the architect is to struggle for a better world where we can develop a form of architecture that serves everyone and not just a privileged few," said Niemeyer recently. He spends almost every day working in his office in Copacabana, and even when he falls ill he keeps working on ideas: After a gallbladder operation he composed a samba tune in the clinic. Another man who could sing a song about age is 107-year-old Heesters. The Dutch-born opera singer spent most of his life performing in Germany, where he still works. Recently Heesters said: "I want to be at least 108-years-old." He also plans to keep performing. " _ " Heesters has not given up trying to add to his tally of awards and is looking for a "good stage role". Italian scientist Rita Levi-Montalcini, who is 101-year-old and is still active in medical science, has described the force that keeps driving her on: "Progress is created through imperfection." In 1986 she and her lab colleague were awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine for their work on nerve growth factor. She's convinced that humans grow on challenges. With so many brilliant examples given, we can see clearly that age is no barrier to some high achievers. How many centenarians are mentioned in this passage?
|
[
"4",
"5",
"6",
"7"
] | 1B
|
human_aging
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which of the following is least involved in the decomposition and decay of dead plants and animals?
|
[
"worms",
"fungi",
"plant roots",
"microorganisms"
] | 2C
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
It has not rained in over a week at Ernest's house.
|
[
"weather",
"climate"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
I just mailed the chicken and the egg, each in its own separate packaging, and kept careful track of when each shipment was sent from a post office in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and when it later arrived at its intended destination inprefix = st1 /New York City. In mailing the chicken, I was careful to stick to the restrictions described in the American Postal Service's Domestic Mail Manual 57. This version of the Manual states that: "Adult chickens must be sent by Express Mail. The containers used must pass the standards in International Safe Transit Association Test Procedure 1A; be strong enough to endure normal handling; and the number of birds must not be more than the container's limit." I mailed the chicken in a wooden box got from a colleague who does research with birds, and mailed the egg in standard packaging obtained through an industrial supplier. I posted both the chicken and the egg at 9:40 am, on a Monday morning, from theHarvard Squarepost office, inCambridge,Massachusetts. The staff there told me that this was the first chicken anyone had mailed from there in recent memory, and perhaps ever. The intended destination for both packages was the James A. Farley General Post Office, which is located inManhattanright next to Penn Station. I took the subway from Harvard Square to the Boston train station, and from there boarded a train to New York City, a distance of about 320 kilometres, arriving that afternoon at Penn Station. I immediately went to the post office, to await the arrivals of the chicken and the egg. The James A. Farley General Post Office is open 24 hours a day, so I was able to wait there until both items arrived. That day, Monday, neither the chicken nor the egg arrived. The next day, Tuesday, neither the chicken nor the egg arrived. The chicken arrived at 10:31 am, Wednesday. The staff at the post office told me that this was the first chicken anyone had mailed to the post office in recent memory, and perhaps ever. The egg arrived that same day, at 9:37 pm, 11 hours after the chicken. So, it's now quite clear that the chicken came first, the egg second. The author mailed the chicken and the egg in order to _ .
|
[
"test the postal service",
"have a comfortable journey",
"make an experiment",
"save time and money"
] | 2C
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
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