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So many of us hold on to little complaints that may have come from an argument ,a misunderstanding,the way we were raised,or some other painful events. Stubbornly,we wait for someone else to reach out to us -- believing this is the only way we can forgive or _ a friendship or family relationship. A friend of mine,recently told me that she hadn't spoken to her son in almost three years. She said that she and her son had had a disagreement about his wife and that she wouldn't speak to him again unless he called first. When I suggested that she be the one to reach out,she said," I can't do that. He's the one who should apologize. " After a little gentle encouragement,however,she did decide to be the first one to reach out. To her amazement,her son was grateful for her willingness to call and offered an apology of his own. As is usually the case,when someone takes the chance and reaches out,everyone wins. Whenever we hold on to our anger, we turn" small stuff")"into really" big stuff" in our minds. We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness. They are not. If you want to be a more peaceful person you must understand that being right is almost never more important than allowing yourself to be happy. The way to be happy is to let go,and reach out. Let other people be right. This doesn't mean that you're wrong. Everything will be fine. You'll experience the peace of letting go,as well as the joy of letting others be right. You'11 also notice that,as you reach out and let others be "right",they will become less defensive and more loving toward you. They might even reach back. But,if for some reason they don't, that's okay too. You '11 have the inner satisfaction of knowing that you have done your part to create a more loving world,and certainly you'11 be more peaceful yourself. The best thing to do after a quarrel is to .
|
[
"let go of our own rights",
"realize that you are wrong.",
"expect others to give in",
"apologize to others first."
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Have you ever wondered when dogs first became "man's best friend" and the world's favourite pet? If you have then you're not alone. When and where dogs first began living side-side with humans are questions that have stirred hot debate among scientists. There are a few hard facts that all agree on. These include that dogs were once wolves and they were the first animal to be domesticated by humans. They came into lives some 15000 years ago, before the dawn of agriculture. Beyond that, there is little agreement. The earliest bones found that are unquestionable dogs and not wolves date from 14,000 years ago. However, 30,000-year-old skulls have been discovered in France and Belgium that are not pure wolf and some scientists think could be dogs. With such puzzling evidence, many scientists are now turning to DNA to find out when and where dogs were first domesticated. In one research project, tens of thousands of blood samples have been taken from street dogs around the world. The plan is to compare them with those of wolves. It's even possible to analyse DNA from ancient bones. Tiny pieces of the 30,000-year-old skulls mentioned earlier are currently being studied, and another DNA study has already shown that ancient dogs preserved in the Alaskan ice-fields evolved from Asian wolves, not American ones. Indeed, the ancient DNA may turn out to be more informative than the DNA of living dogs. Because dogs have accompanied humans around the world for thousands of years, their current distribution may tell us very little of their origins. This is why different groups of scientists believe that dogs variously originated in eastern Asia, Mongolia, Siberia, Europe or Africa. But why were the animals domesticated in the first place? The most recent theory is that dogs domesticated themselves, initially living in and around our ancient villages to eat any food thrown out. Today, this is a way of life still shared by three -quarters of a billion unowned dogs worldwide. Why does the writer first mention the 30,000-year-old animals skulls?
|
[
"To show that dogs were much larger in the past",
"To prove that dogs developed from Asian wolves",
"To suggest that dogs may have evolved much earlier",
"To argue that dogs were first kept in France and Belgium"
] | 2C
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the elementary substance.
|
[
"hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)",
"beryllium (Be)",
"fluoromethane (CH3F)"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Most schools ban chewing gum,but in a few years they might consider changing that rule.Why? Scientists are finding evidence that gum chewing may be good for your health.It may even help boost your test scores. This exciting research is just beginning.And in the meantime,companies are also experimenting with adding vitamins,minerals,medicines,and other substances that could give gum the power to cure headaches and fight everything from serious diseases to bad breath. People have been chewing gum for thousands of years.Ancient Greeks,Mayas,and Native Americans,for example,chewed on the sap,or resin of certain types of trees.Today gum is a litde more complicated.Gum manufacturers start by mixing resin,wax,and a molecule called polyvinyl acetate to make a gum base.By varying the types and amounts of these ingredients,scientists can make thousands of formulations. Just what can gum do for your health?Many studies show that chewing gum after meals fights cavities by stimulating the production of saliva.Saliva helps wash away bacteria that damage our teeth.An ingredient called xylitol,which is added to it,provides an extra dose of cavity-fighting power.This is good for more than just the teeth.Research suggests that good oral health decreases the risk of heart disease,and other serious diseases. Chewing gum might also be good for your brain.Chewing gum boosts the flow of blood to participants'brains by 40 percent. But too much chewing can damage the jaw joint.And chewing too much of gum that contains vitamins,caffeine,or a medicine could lead to an overdose.What's a more,no matter how healthy gum chewing proves to be,it will never be a match for a healthy lifestyle. Nothing like gum or a vitamin is going to cure a bad dietary habit or a bad exercise habit;it's not a magic bullet. The best title for the passage may be_.
|
[
"A Match for Exercise",
"Gum Chewing is a Magic Bullet",
"No Gum Chewing at School",
"Chewing Gum for Health"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When we can see well, we do not think about our eyes often: It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we come to see how important our eyes are. People who are nearsighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes. Many people who do a lot of close work, such as writing and reading, become nearsighted. Then they have to wear glasses in order to see distant things clearly. People who are farsighted face just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty reading a book if they don't hold it at arm's length. If they want to do much reading, they must get glasses too. Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some people's eyes become cloudy because of cataracts . Long ago these people often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them. When night falls, colors become fainter to the eyes and finally disappear. After your eyes have grown used to the dark, you can see better if you use the side of your eyes rather than the centers. Sometimes, after dark, you see a small thing to one side of you. It seems to disappear if you turn your head in its direction. This is because when you turn your head, you are looking at the thing too directly. Men on guard duty sometimes think they see something moving to one side of them. When they turn to look straight at it, they cannot see it anymore, and they believe they were mistaken. However, this mistake happens because the center of the eye, which is very sensitive in daylight, is not as sensitive as the sides of the eye after dark, To see a small thing at night, we need to look _ .
|
[
"with wide open eyes",
"with half shut eyes",
"straight at it",
"in a slightly different direction"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What would you do if your pet cat died just before Christmas? Many cat lovers would go out and buy another cat. But one American woman was unable to bear life without her much loved pet cat Nicky. He had been with her for 17 years; and when she knew he was going to die, she had him cloned. Little Nicky was cloned by an American company, called GSC. But the new cat cost his owner $50,000. "He is the same. His characteristics are the same," the woman told news reporters. The company, Sausalito-based Genetic Savings and Clone, made her available to speak to reporters only on condition that her name or hometown was not used. The woman said she feared being the target of groups against cloning. "Nicky loved water, which is an unusual characteristic of cats. Little Nicky jumped into my bath. Most cats are afraid of water, but Little Nicky is different: he loves it, just like my old cat," said the woman, who said she was in her early 40s and worked in the airline industry. The company delivered Little Nicky two weeks ago and was expected to publicly announce the news on Thursday. However, the cat's creation has raised heated debate. Many people have said they felt disgusted at the amount of money spent on cloning a cat. They said that she should have chosen one of the many cats without a home -- cats like this are a common problem in many countries. The woman has only told news reporters her first name, Julia, but she has already received nearly 100 frightening letters from angry people, who say that cloning is against nature. Little Nicky was not only expensive, but also, like all cloned animals, may have more health problems than an animal which was born in the usual way. GSC said it had to try 80 times before it succeeded in producing a cloned cat. The company is now using new techniques and soon they hope to produce cloned dogs as well as cats. GSC said that if people were not happy with the cloned cats or dogs, they could have their money back. At the moment the cost of cloning is very high, but the manager of CSC said he hoped that eventually it would go down, and that in five years, the cost should be $20,000 for a dog or $10,000 for a cat. Why did Julia have her cat Nicky cloned?
|
[
"Because Christmas is drawing near.",
"Because she was interested in cloning.",
"Because she couldn't live without him.",
"Because other cats are afraid of water."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
"How call I obtain more drugs?" I cried."I can't live without the help of drugs!''.You see,I was only 14 years of age when someone said to me,"Here,smoke this! It will make you feel good." So that is how my habit of d rug-taking began. Soon I felt I could not live without more and more drugs.So I found I needed more and more money to buy drugs.So I began to steal things from my family and from shops.Then in the street I pointed my gun at people,saying, "Give me your money,or I will shoot you!" I lost all my friends.My family also said,"Get out of this house and never return here!" I then realized the truth-drugs were killing me."Unless someone told me how to escape from the desire for drugs,I will soon be dead," I said . Then one day,I read in a paper, "We help drug-takers!'' I decided,"I will go and see what these people think they can do for me."So I stayed at their meeting place for seven months.But they failed.They did not take the desire for drugs from me. Then one day,I read something in the magazine called "La Paloma".I read how people said,"We could not escape from the desire for drugs.But now we have freedom.God gave us power to escape this desire.God gives us the power of the spirit when we believe what Jesus Christ obtained for us by dying for us."SO I decided,"I will go to this Betel meeting place as reported in 'La Paloma'.I will see if they can help me.'' Now I found these Betel people never left me alone.Yes,someone was always there with me day and night.Then one day I cried out to God,"God,please help me!" I know God heard my cry.I found I now had power to escape the desire for drugs. At last I am free from the desire for drugs.I have found real peace of mind.I now enjoy life and help other people to overcome their d rug problem. How did the author get addicted to drugs?
|
[
"He wanted to take drugs.",
"He was persuaded to take drugs.",
"He was forced to take drugs.",
"He was influenced by his parents."
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In one of the strongest indications of the power of the mind to influence the body, a growing collection of evidence finds that people who are depressed have a greatly higher risk of developing heart disease. In a study of almost 3, 000 men and 5, 000 women, depressed men were 70 per cent more likely to develop coronary heart disease than those who weren't depressed. While depressed women were just 12 per cent more likely to develop heart disease, those who were severely depressed were 78 per cent more likely. In fact, a 1998 study found that women who are depressed have a risk of dying from heart disease equal to that of women who smoke or who have high blood pressure. The link works the other way around, too: While about 1 in 20 American adults experience major depression in a given year, that number jumps to about one in three among those who have survived a heart attack. The more severe the depression, the more dangerous it is to your health. But some studies suggest that even mild depression, including feelings of hopelessness experienced over many years, may damage the heart. Other studies suggest depression may affect how well heart disease medications work. Researchers are n' t sure what the connection between depression and heart disease is, but theories exist. One is that people who are depressed tend not to take very good care of themselves. They' re more likely to eat high-fat, high-calorie "comfort" foods, less likely to exercise, and more likely to smoke. But beyond lifestyle, there is probably also a physiological link between depression and heart disease. Recent studies found that people with severe depression tended to have a lack of heart-healthy 0-3 fatty acids. People who are depressed also often have high levels of stress hormones . These keep the body primed for fight or flight, raising blood pressure and causing the heart to beat faster, all of which put additional stress on coronary arteries and prevent the body' s natural healing mechanisms from working properly. A whole branch of medicine is devoted to the complex links between mental health, the nervous system, the hormone system and so on. This science is gradually sorting out how the mind-body connection affects us, or defenses against heart disease. Generally, an estimated 10 per cent of American adults experience some form of depression every year. Although available treatments can ease symptoms in more than 80 per cent of people treated, less than half of those with depression get the help they need. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
|
[
"Depression--Heart Disease Risk Factor.",
"Heart Disease--Health Killer.",
"Depression--Mental Health Enemy.",
"Heart Disease--Depression Factor."
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In the near future, we may be using our eyes to operate our smartphones and tablets, even when it comes to playing popular games like Fruit Ninja. The GazeGroup has been developing eye-controlled computer technology for nearly 20 years. But those devices have been mainly designed to aid those with disabilities, and are very expensive. "After a while, we figured out that probably the best way is to go for a mass-market approach," says Gaze's Sune Alstrup Johansen, "where everybody would have this available." Johansen and some of his colleagues have formed a new company, The Eye Tribe, which is hoping to develop the technology on a mass commercial level. The technology works by sending an infrared light from the computing device toward the user's face. After measuring the user's eye movements, the technology is then able to easily know where a person's eyes are moving, allowing the eyes to control a cursor . A software can determine the location of the eyes and tell where the user is looking on the screen. It even knows which image he is looking at. There has been a gradual change toward hands-free technology in recent years, particularly in the gaming world. Following Nintendo's popular Wii system, Xbox released the Kinect device, which lets users control their Xbox and play certain games using only their hands, legs and voices. Since most smartphones and other mobile devices can't come standard with an infrared device, Johansen said a replaceable filter would be an inexpensive, convenient choice for most consumers. And even as companies like The Eye Tribe work to create a commercially practical product for the average user, making the eye-controlled technology more accessible and less expensive will have similar benefits for disabled users. "Then I can go to any computer, and then I can control it and I can use it, instead of just bringing my own," said Stig Langvad, who heads up Denmark's umbrella organization for people with disabilities. "So I'll be a part of society on an equal foot, instead of being a special solution." Which the following statements about The Eye Tribe is true?
|
[
"It was once called the GazeGroup.",
"It produces eye-controlled technology for disabled users only.",
"It is founded in Denmark by Stig Langvad and some of his colleagues.",
"It is formed to develop commercially practical eye-controlled technology."
] | 3D
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
On a hot summer day, ice-cold watermelons serve up a delicious treat. Sure, the rosy flesh quenches your thirst . But now there are more reasons than ever for people to reach for a slice of watermelon. Meet Dr Alison Edwards. She is a scientist at the Agricultural Research Service. Scientists are people who come up with new ideas called theories . They usually do scientific research to test their new theories. That's how they find out if a new idea is a good one, or if the new idea will bring an even better idea. At her lab, Dr Edwards recently learned more about the secrets of why watermelons are good for you! Dr Edwards has known for a long time that watermelons have vitamin C. But recently she learned that watermelons also have lycopene . It is something that gives tomatoes and watermelons their rosy red colour. What's so special about the lycopene in watermelons? Dr Edwards says that watermelons and tomatoes both have lots of lycopene. It seems that your body can use the lycopene from watermelons more easily than the lycopene from raw tomatoes. In fact, the lycopene from tomatoes is more easily absorbed inside your body once they have been cooked. The watermelon is a kind of _ .
|
[
"drink",
"fruit",
"medicine",
"vitamin"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What information supports the conclusion that Rosanne inherited this trait?
|
[
"Rosanne and her father both have dark hair.",
"Rosanne's parents have dark skin. They passed down this trait to Rosanne."
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Compared to high heels , they don't look dangerous, but flip-flop wearers should think twice before slipping on a pair. The National Health Service spends PS40 million a year treating injuries caused by wearing the casual footwear. More than 200,000 people end up in hospital every year after suffering falls or developing long-term problems. Once worn only at the beach, flip-flops have become the regular summer footwear of choice for women, with two in five women owning at least one pair. But experts are warning the public of the dangers of wearing flip-flops, such as the risk of joint pains. They say flip-flops force people to change the way they walk so that when taking a walk with long steps they put pressure on the outside of their foot, rather than their heel, causing long-term damage. And there is also the risk of serious injury. Frequent complaints include twisted ankles, but some have broken their arms or wrists after falling because their flip-flops caught on uneven ground. Many also suffer aching toes as they constantly wear them. Mike, a spokesman, warned wearers of the damage done by flip-flops. He said, "They land on the outside and then roll the foot inwards putting all the pressure on the big toe." This constant rolling puts pressure on the ankle joint, causing it to weaken. The lack of support of the flip-flop also causes pain on the inside of the foot and lower leg. And if you're not used to wearing them, they can cause blisters , he added. Doctors say flip-flops cause far more damage as they are worn for longer periods of time. Emma Supple, consultant podiatrist , said, "Flip-flops are universally popular. They are easy to put on and easy to wear but women do need to be mindful that wearing on hard flat surfaces can cause considerable foot and leg problems." She encouraged women to wear suitable shoes to help recover from summertime injuries. What is the text mainly about?
|
[
"The benefits of wearing high heels.",
"The dangers caused by wearing flip-flops.",
"The advantages and disadvantages of wearing flip-flops.",
"Some advice on how to avoid injuries caused by wearing high heels."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
For most seventh graders,life doesn't get much harder than a history test.But for Grant Reed of Bellville,Ohio,it's his own current events that are so painful."Honestly,I don't want to die,"Grant says.Last year,doctors at Nationwide Children's Hospital in Columbus found a tumor in Grant's brain.They cut it out,but the surgery left him with stroke--like symptoms.Plus,he had to go through months of radiation and chemotherapy to try to stop the spread of the disease. Yet,through it all,Grant has shown remarkable determination,which he owes, partly,to Ohio State football.His parents,Troy and Denise,were both in the OSU marching band and fell in love during halftime of the Michigan game.His cat is named after the team Buckeye.His wardrobe is painted scarlet(the color1 of the team's sportswear).The point is,almost nothing mattered more to Grant than Ohio State football-until he got sick,of course. ''I didn't like the word cancer,"Grant says.So he decided not to use the word.Instead,the kid named his cancer Michigan and insisted everyone in his life refer to it as such,because Ohio State always beats Michigan.That was something he could understand and make it into a competition.He was going to beat this disease. It's now been more than a year since Grant issued that announcement."And if you look at his scans,"Dr.Randal Olshefski at Nationwide Children's says,"There's nothing there.There's a big space,but there's no tumor.'' "Grant is beating Michigan.And although much of it has to go to science,don't discount the semantics .You have to do something to make it a disease you can fight.And for Grant,that was naming it Michigan."his parents say. This weekend,Ohio State and Michigan will be battling like their lives depend on it.But in this house,the Reed family will be watching with a calm insight:it's just a game. Why did Grant name his cancer Michigan?
|
[
"Because he dare not face it.",
"Because he doesn't want to die.",
"Because Michigan is his favorite team.",
"Because his favorite team can always beat Michigan"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
We spend a quarter of our lives asleep. Sleep is necessary for the body to rest, yet our brains continue to process information. Studies have shown that students are more successful when they sleep after studying-instead of pulling all-nighters-because the brain reviews information learned. Similarly, dreaming is an opportunity to work out emotional problems and form thoughts and memories. About 25 percent of the time spent sleeping is spent in rapid eye movement, or REM, sleep. This type of sleep is known for when dreams occur, but it also helps energize the brain and body. Researchers have found two important factors regarding humans and sleep: basicsleep need and sleep debt. Basic sleep need is the amount of sleep we need to have regularly to perform at our best. Sleep debt is the loss of sleep. A few studies say that most adults function best with a basic sleep need of seven to eight hours a night. The problem is that sleep debt also factors in, just because that you meet your basic sleep needs a few nights of the week doesn't mean it cancels out the effects of one night's sleep debt. Of course, everyone is different and some people require more or less sleep than the standard basic sleep need. But the real problem lies in what lack of sleep does over the long period to people who either does not meet his or her body's needs or for one reason or another doesn't get enough regular sleep. It is more possible for these people to have motor vehicle accidents, weight gain and risk for heart disease or diabetes and may be at increased risk for psychological conditions such as depression or drug abuse. Sleeping too long also can be associated with depression and poor health. Most peoplespent around _ of the sleeping time in REM sleep?
|
[
"One third of the time",
"More than half of the time",
"One fourth of the time",
"More than 5 hours every day"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Can you smell two things at once? This experiment comes from the research of two scientists from Rice University. Denise Chen and Wen Zhou have been experimenting with the science of smell, and have made some very interesting discoveries. To explore that, you will need two things with strong, characteristic smells and, of course, your nose. The idea is to smell a different smell with each nostril . Hold one smell very close to your right nostril, and the other smell very close to your left nostril. Then breathe in and pay close attention to what you smell. What you should find is that one smell will be very strong. After another sniff or two, the first smell will go away, and you will smell the other smell. Keep sniffing, and the first smell will come back. Instead of smelling the two smells evenly mixed, they will work in turns, one after the other. Why? Chen and Zhou found that your sense of smell acts much like your sense of sight. Hold a book in front of your nose, so that your left eye sees things on the left side of the book, and your right eye sees things on the right side of the book. You will find that your sight works in turns, first on the left side of the book and then on the right side. Notice that you can't focus your left eye on one object while focusing your right eye on another object. Your brain jumps back and forth , paying attention to one and then the other. The same thing happens with your nostrils. If they are smelling different smells, your brain pays attention to one and then the other. Denise Chen and Wen Zhou discovered that _ .
|
[
"our brain focuses on one thing at a time",
"our two nostrils act differently towards the same smell",
"our nose prefers to smell stronger smells",
"our sense of smell is connected with our sense of sight"
] | 0A
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A student is looking at insects using a magnifying lens. What about the insects can best be seen with the magnifying lens?
|
[
"different colors of insect bodies",
"how insects protect themselves",
"type of eyes insects have",
"size of the insects"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
So far, scientists have named about 1.8 million living species ,and that's just a small part of what probably exists on Earth.With so many plants,animals,fungi,and other organisms covering the planet,it can be tough to figure out what type of spider is crawling up your leg or what kind of bird just flew by. A soon-to-be-launched Website might help.An international team of researchers has announced the creation of a Web -- based Encyclopedia of Life (EOL).The project aims to catalogue every species on Earth in a single,easy-to-use reference guide. To get the encyclopedia started,the creators will use information from scientific databases that already exist.And eventually,in special sections of the site,nonscientists with specialized knowledge will join.Gardeners,for example,will be able to record the dates that their flowers first bloom each year.Bird-watchers will be able to input which birds they've seen and where.The technology for this kind of tool has only recently become available. As the EOL develops, you might find it useful for school projects.The site will have special pages for kids who are studying ecosystems in their neighborhoods.To make sure the encyclopedia is accurate,scientists will review much of the information added to it.People who visit the site will be able to choose to skip pages that haven't been reviewed. Another convenient characteristic of the EOL is that you'11 be able to pick the level of detail you see to match your interests,age,and current knowledge. If you wanted to learn about polar bears for a science class report,for example,you could use the _ setting to get basic information about the animals.On the "expert" setting,on the other hand.you could get much more detailed information about the history,literature,and exploration of polar bears. It now takes years for scientists to collect all the data they need to describe and analyze species.The creators of the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new tool will speed that process. Keep an eye on _ .Pages will begin to go up sometime next year,and you might find them useful for your school reports.The EOL team might have the basics for all 1.8 million entries online as early as 2017.Someday,you might add your own notes. What is the best title for the passage?
|
[
"Exploring Polar Bears.",
"Visit Our Website Now.",
"How to Do School Projects.",
"E-book of Life."
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Researchers in the US say they might have discovered how to fight against and even _ some processes of ageing, at least in mice. Injecting the blood of young mice into the older ones improved their brainpower, a study found. Scientists at Stanford University plan to carry out trials in people in the hope that new treatments for dementia can be developed. "There are factors present in blood from young mice that can recharge an old mouse's brain so that it functions more like a younger one,"says Dr. Tony from Stanford University School of medicine. In the study published in Nature Medicine, mice aged 18 months were given injections of the blood taken from mice aged 3 months. The injected mice performed better on memory tests than mice of the same age that had not been given the blood. Dr. Tony said it was not known whether the same was true of humans, but a trial was planned. A research center in UK said the treatment restored certain aspects of learning and memory in mice, but was of unknown importance to humans. The research, while very interesting, did not test the type of brain damage that was seen in dementia, which is not a necessary consequence of ageing. Meanwhile, two similar studies by a separate team have thrown more light on how young blood may benefit the old, in mice at least. A substance in the blood of mice previously shown to have an anti-ageing effect on heart muscle also improved brain cells, according to a Harvard team. The research, published in Science, found the blood factors encouraged the growth of brain cells in old mice, and restored their sense of smell. The same chemical also improved muscle power of aged mice, the researchers found. According to the studies, the blood from young mice benefits the old in certain ways except in _ .
|
[
"memory",
"muscle power",
"fur color",
"brain cells"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
It's a nightmare for Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST): within a week, two students committed suicide by jumping off dorm buildings. Officials from the university are reluctant to give interviews. "We had a hard time calming down students who were shocked at the suicides," said Zhang Jingyuan, head of HUST's center for research and guidance for students' development. "Media coverage may arouse some students' negative emotions again. Suicide can be contagious ," Zhang said. The university reacted promptly to the first suicide on October 23. Advisors and class leaders conducted dorm-to-dorm checks to find students suffering depression. Then psychologists offered one-on-one counseling to them. Notice boards publicizing tips for identifying peers' mental problems and offering help were set up in front of dorm buildings. Leaflets carrying similar information were handed out to each dorm. However, the second suicide came seven days later. Both students were described as men of few words. Their schoolmates didn't see anything to indicate suicide. Zhang revealed that the two students had been bothered by mental disorders. But the school didn't know this until the students' close friends outside school and their parents unveiled the truth after the suicides. According to Zhang, there are only three full-time counselors working in the university's counseling center for its 60,000 students. He complained: "It's unrealistic to rely only on counselors to detect students' mental problems." Some universities in the US may be able to offer solutions to Zhang's worries. They have established programs to train students to be the bridge between troubled friends and counselors. At Worcester Polytechnic Institute, at Worcester, Massachusetts, US, young people in the Student Support Network role play to learn how to detect SOS signals from their schoolmates. They also practice how to gently persuade emotionally troubled students to go for professional help. To develop such empathy , many universities in China have organized campus events to popularize knowledge about mental health. But these are not that attractive to students. Ke Juanjuan, 24, is pursuing a master's degree in English translation at HUST. Ke has found that few of her peers will pay attention to activities about mental health when they are not troubled by it. Rather than bombard students with the words "mental health", Ke suggested the school organize lectures and workshops concerning study, job-hunting and relationships. She explained: "Students care about these topics. They tend to have problems in these areas and may thus get stuck in depression. "By helping students better deal with these problems, the school can effectively prevent self-inflicted injury and suicide among students." Effective prevention comes from long-term education for life instead of temporary intervention to meet an emergency, said Hu Yi'an. Hu delivers a course of lectures on life and death at Guangzhou University. He worries that universities have paid little attention to education for life. "Education for life helps students respect and love life so they won't resort to ending their lives when they have difficulties," said Hu. According to Hu, the principles can be incorporated into everyday teaching. Which one of the following is NOT one of the reasons why officials from the university are reluctant to give interviews?
|
[
"The university reacted promptly to the first suicide on October 23.",
"They had a hard time calming down students who were shocked at the suicides.",
"Media coverage may arouse some students' negative emotions again.",
"Two suicides within a week is really a nightmare for the university."
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When it comes to protecting the privacy of their children, U.S. parents give social networks a failing grade. According to a recent survey, three out of four parents believe social networks are not doing a good job of protecting kids' online privacy. The survey was conducted for Common Sense Media, a nonprofit organization devoted to helping families find the right way to deal with the world of media and technology. Ninety-two percent of parents said they are concerned that children share too much information online, and 85 percent said they are more concerned about online privacy than they were five years ago. In other findings, Common Sense Media found that 68% of parents are not at all confident in search engines keeping their private information safe and secure and 71% of parents said the same about social networking sites. The survey found a great deal of concern about the online geo-location services which find and show the exact position of somebody through the net. Ninety-one percent of parents said search engines and social networking sites should not be able to share the physical location of children with other companies unless the parents approve. "The survey results present a clear divide between the industry's view of privacy and the opinion of parents and kids," Common Sense Media CEO and founder James Steyer said. "American families are deeply worried about how their personal information is being used by technology and online companies, yet the companies appear to be keeping their heads deep in the sand," Steyer said. IT companies need to step up but parents, children, schools and government also need to do more, he said. "Parents and kids have to educate themselves about how to protect their information," he said. "Schools should teach all students and their parents about privacy protection." "And finally, policymakers have to update privacy policies for the 21st century," he said. According to the survey, more than 60 percent of parents want the US Congress to update online privacy laws for children and teenagers. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?
|
[
"US Congress to Update Privacy Policies for 21st Century",
"Common Sense Media Warns Against Social Networks",
"US Parents Want Better Online Privacy Protection for Kids",
"Worry Grows for Problems Caused by Social Networks"
] | 2C
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A block of ice is placed on a hot sidewalk. The ice melts because
|
[
"the energy from the ice flows to the sidewalk.",
"the energy from the sidewalk flows to the ice.",
"convection currents flow between the ice and the sidewalk.",
"radiation flows between the ice and the sidewalk."
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
Morning clouds usually clear up by noon where Emily lives.
|
[
"climate",
"weather"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
If you prefer doughnuts to dumbbells , you have a high chance of developing diabetes later in life. But if you wash down those doughnuts with at least seven cups of coffee a day, you are only half as likely as that. The finding is "quite surprising and fairly dramatic", says Bill Hartnett of UK Diabetes, although the patients' group won't be advising people to drink lots of coffee just yet. While there's little evidence that one or two cups a day is harmful, some studies suggest that heavy coffee drinkers are unusually sensitive to pain, easier to fearful disorders and can also have higher blood pressure, which increase the risk of heart disease. The study was done by Rob van Dam's team at the National Institute for Public Health and Environment in the prefix = st1 /Netherlands, which analysed the data on 171,111 men and women. The team found that those who drank seven or more cups of coffee a day were 50 percent less likely to develop type 2 diabetes than those who drank two cups of coffee or fewer a day. This was despite the fact that the heavy coffee drinkers tended to have sedentary lifestyles, which increases the risk of developing diabetes. "It's too early to get excited," warns Edwin Gale, a diabetes specialist in Britainat theUniversityofBristol. "It may just be that coffee drinkers behave differently," he says. Type 2 diabetes used to appear mainly in older people, but as levels of obesity (being fat) have increased in children, so has the disease in common. It's a serious disorder--high blood sugar levels damage many organs, and can lead to anything from blindness to kidney failure. It usually occurs when the body becomes less sensitive to insulin , the hormone that tells cells to take in too much blood glucose. Caffeine isn't an obvious remedy for type 2 diabetes, because its immediate effect is to lower sensitivity to insulin. Edwin Gale's opinion _ .
|
[
"agrees with that of Rob van Dam",
"suggests coffee drinkers obey some regulations",
"shows the study may be beyond the fact",
"tells coffee drinkers to visit doctors"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is a way to be born besides live birth?
|
[
"coming through a tough shell",
"digging out of the sand",
"cooking up an egg",
"living in a nest"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the one substance that is not a rock.
|
[
"Granite is not a pure substance. It is not made by living things.",
"Syenite is a solid. It is formed in nature.",
"A marble is made by humans. It is not a pure substance."
] | 2C
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
I'm Bolivia Williams, a students at Bard College. I was the only person in my family who was Facebook friends with my mom, Rynn, when she died four years ago. At that time, my brother and sister were still young. As soon as we got the news that she died, I thought it would be an easy way to let everyone know what happened. Right after I posted the news, so many people offered their help and shared stories about her. I like to visit my mom's page to tell her things that I'm doing and I like to look at her pictures there. I sing with the Brooklyn Youth Chorus ,and we did a concert for the tenth anniversary of 9/11,which was also my mom's birthday. It was an unforgettable day. I posted, "You will be proud of me--I will sing at the site of the World Trade Center tomorrow. I know you will be looking down, smiling. "When I'm writing to her, it feels like I'm still here. In the beginning, I wasn't sure how to face my mom's death. But I've grown up now. I haven't been on my mom's page for a month, but I would miss _ if it were gone. Her page allows me to think that she's still here. I used to go to my mom's page to look at her pictures, which would make me feel really sad, Now, when I visit it, I smile more often than cry. ,. Right after her mother has died, the writer _ .
|
[
"did a concert for her mother",
"posted the news on Facebook",
"wrote stories about her mother",
"called her friends and relatives"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Do you want to live a happier, less stressful life? Try laughing for no reason at all. That's how thousands of people start their day at Laughter Clubs around the world. The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai, India, in 1995, by Dr Madan Kataria. "Children laugh about 300 times a day. Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day," says Dr Kataria. "Everyone's naturally good at laughing -- it's the universal language." There are now more than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and over 1,300 worldwide. Many doctors are also interested in the effects of laughter on our health. According to a 5-year study at the UCLS School of Medicine in California, with laughing there is less stress in the body. Laughter improves our health against illness by about 40%. So what happens at a Laughter Club? I went along to the nearest club in the south of London to find out. I was quite nervous at the beginning of the class. I had no interest in laughing with a group of strangers, and I was worried about looking stupid . Our laughter teacher told us to clap our hands and say "ho ho ho, ha ha ha" while looking at each other. Although we couldn't tell the differences between _ laughter and real laughter, they still produced the same healthy effects. Surprisingly, it worked! After ten minutes, everybody there was laughing for real and some people just couldn't stop! At the end of the class I was shocked by how relaxed and comfortable I felt. So if you're under stress, then start laughing. The passage is probably taken from _ .
|
[
"a storybook",
"a health magazine",
"a comic book",
"a travel magazine"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Using only these supplies, which question can Chloe investigate with an experiment?
|
[
"Will eight ounces of carbonated water or eight ounces of tap water get warmer when placed in a jar in the sun?",
"When placed in the sun, will eight ounces of water in a glass jar or eight ounces of water in a plastic cup get warmer?",
"When placed in the sun, will eight ounces of water in a closed jar or eight ounces of water in an open jar get warmer?"
] | 2C
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Moscow, Russia (Space news)... "The,computer is a better chess player, " insisted Viktor Prozorov, the loser. "It seemed as if it were laughing after every good move, I know I should have beaten it for the sake of mankind , but I just couldn't win," he announced and shook his head sadly. Prozorov's disappointment was shared by sereral grand masters who were present, some of whom were so upet that they shouted at the machine. Many chess players said that this meant the end of chess championships around the world, since the fun had been taken out of the game. The computer walked or rather, rolled-away with 5,000 dollars in prize money and limited its remarks to a set of noises and lights. Which of the following best gives the main idea of this newspaper article?
|
[
"5,000 dollars goes to a computer!",
"New invention:a laughing computer!",
"World's best chess player beaten!",
"Computer defeats man in chess!"
] | 3D
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the one true statement.
|
[
"In an animal cell, the endoplasmic reticulum contains the master plan for cell activities and cell development.",
"Mitochondria break down sugar to release energy that a plant cell can use.",
"Chromosomes store nutrients, water, and waste in an animal cell."
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Let's do some sleep math.You lost two hours of sleep every night last week because of a big project due on Friday.On Saturday and Sunday,you slept in,getting four extra hours.On Monday morning, you were feeling so bright-eyed that you only had one cup of coffee, instead of your usual two.But don't be cheated by your energy.You're still carrying around a heavy load of sleepiness, or what experts call"sleep debt"----in this case something like six hours,almost a full nights' sleep. Sleep debt is the difference between the amount of sleep you should be getting and the amount you actually get.It's a deficit that grows every time we skim some extra minutes off our nightly sleep."People accumulate sleep debt gradually without being noticed,"says William C.Dement,founder of the Stanford University Sleep Clinic.Studies show that such short--term sleep deprivation leads to a foggy brain,worsened vision,and trouble remembering. Long-term effects include obesity,insulin resistance, and heart disease. A survey by the National Sleep Foundation reports that we're losing one hour of sleep each night----more than two full weeks of sleep every year. The good news is that,like all debt, with some work,sleep debt can be repaid. Adding an extra hour or two of sleep a night is the way to catch up.For the long--term lack of sleep,take it easy for a few months to get back into a natural sleep pattern. Go to bed when you are tired,and allow your body to wake you in the morning(no alarm clock allowed).You may find yourself catatonic in the beginning of the recovery cycle:expect to have ten hours shut-eye per night. As the days pass, however,the amount of sleeping time will gradually decrease. So earn back that lost sleep----and follow the dictates of your innate sleep needs. You'll feel better."When you put away sleep debt, you become a superman,"says Stanford's Dement, talking about the improved mental and physical capabilities that come with being well rested. The example of sleep math is used to show_.
|
[
"in what case you build up a sleep debt",
"why you need six hours' sleep every night",
"why you are full of energy even when you don't have enough sleep",
"you should drink coffee to keep energetic when you don't have enough sleep"
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Better think twice before choosing a password for e-mail, online bank or shopping. Simple passwords are easy to be stolen . A password is like a key to your home. If someone steals it, he'll get chances to steal something else. We use passwords everywhere in our life. We are so used to passwords that we don't pay any attention to them until we lose or forget one. A study of 28,000 passwords recently stolen from a popular website showed that people often do the easy thing. It found that 16 percent took a first name as a password. Another 14 percent used the easiest keyboard combinations such as 12345678 or QWERTY. 5 percent of the stolen passwords were names of television shows or stars popular with young people. 3 percent of the passwords expressed feelings like "I don't care", "whatever", "I love you", or their opposite , "I hate you". Robert Graham, who did the study, advises people to choose a password that is longer than eight characters with one capital letter and one symbol . Of course, safe passwords don't mean those hard to remember. Forgetting your password is sometimes a big headache for you. Maybe, the best password is easy for you and hard for others. About 40 percent of passwords are easily stolen because the users often do _ things.
|
[
"easy",
"busy",
"careful",
"good"
] | 0A
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Many people will remember the flight of the space shuttle Challenger , in June, 1993.The achievement of Sally Ride, America's first woman astronaut to fly into space, made this flight especially memorable.Students from two high schools in Camden, New Jersey, however, are likely to remember Norma rather than Sally whenever they think about the flight. Norma didn't travel alone.She brought about 100 companions along with her.Norma was an ant, a queen ant who, with her subjects, made up the first ant colony to travel into space.The ants were part of a science experiment designed by the students to test the effects of weightlessness on insects. The equipment designed by the students for their colony functioned perfectly throughout the long space trip.The young scientists and their teachers were very sad to find that their insect astronauts had all died at some point before the container was returned to the school and opened.The problem did not occur in space, but on the ground after Challenger had landed.The container remained in the desert for nearly a week before the ant colony was removed.The hot, dry desert air dried out the colony's container and the ants died from lack of moisture . The project was termed a success because it did provide useful information.Students will continue their efforts to find out exactly what went wrong.They will try to prevent the same difficulties from recurring on future missions .They don't want to be discouraged either by the death of the ants or by the $10,000 shuttle fare they will have to pay to send the next colony of ants into space. On the next space trip , ants_.
|
[
"will be sent without people",
"should not be left in the desert too long",
"will have to pay double fare",
"will escape the trip completely"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In Britain,it's bottoms up from the week before Christmas till the last firework explodes in the sky announcing the new year,.The last Friday before Christmas popularly known as'Mad Friday'--is one of the busiest periods for the country's pubs and clubs. But it's not just the bars that get busy.Ambulances and A&E departments around Britain get packed out too.Head injuries,,cuts,falls...it's easy to end up hurting yourself or others when self-control disappear and your head is spinning due to alcoho1.Revelers have been warned by the health authorities about the dangers of deadly drinking but drinking crazily seems to be part of the festivities for some. The charity Alcohol Concern is running a campaign of restriction by encouraging people to have a dry January. Jackie Ballard,the charity's Chief Executive,believes the campaign has been successful in recent years.She says:"More than two-thirds of people even six months later are drinking at reduced levels having had a month off drink.But also a study has shown the impact it has on people's health reducing their blood pressure and blood sugar levels." The study by the University of Sussex followed up nearly 900 participants in Alcohol Concern's Dry January campaign and found out that 72%of them had kept harmful drinking sessions down and 4%were still not drinking. Moderation seems to be the key to everything.The official recommendation for women is not to regularly drink more than 2 to 3 units of alcohol a day.The limit for men is 3 to 4 units of alcohol--no more than a pint of 5.2%ABV lager,beer or cider. The last Friday before Christmas is called."Mad Friday"because _ .
|
[
"people stay up too late",
"people go out and drink a lot",
"firework explodes in the sky",
"people go shoping madly"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When thinking about quitting... List all the reasons why you want to quit. Every night before going to bed, repeat one of the reasons 10 times. Decide surely that you want to quit. Try to avoid negative thoughts about how difficult it might be. Develop strong personal reasons in addition to your health and duties to others. For example, think all the time you waste taking cigarette breaks, rushing out to buy a pack, hunting a light, etc. Set a date for quitting--perhaps a special day like your birthday, or a holiday. If you smoke heavily at work, quit during your vacation. Make the date seriously, and don't let anything change it. Begin to prepare yourself physically: start a modest exercise, drink more water, get plenty of rest. Immediately after quitting... The first few days after you quit, spend as much free time as possible in places where smoking is forbidden, e.g. libraries, museums, theatres, department stores, etc. Drink large quantities of water and fruit juice. Try to avoid wine, coffee, and other drinks, which remind you of cigarette smoking. Start a conversation with someone instead of asking for a match for a cigarette. If you miss the sensation of having a cigarette in your hand, play with something else--a pencil, a pen, or a ruler. If you miss having something in your mouth, try toothpicks or a fake cigarette. If the article is in a newspaper, which section is it in?
|
[
"Sports.",
"News.",
"Health.",
"Culture."
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The American Relay for Life is a life-changing event that gives everyone in communities across the globe a chance to celebrate the lives of people who have battled cancer, remember loved ones lost, and fight back against the disease. At Relay, teams of people camp out at a local high school, park, or an open place and take turns in walking or running around a track or path. Each team is asked to have a representative on the track at all times during the event. Because cancer never sleeps, it's an overnight event of up to 24 hours in length. History of Relay for Life: Relay began in 1985 when Dr. Klatt, a surgeon in Tacoma, Washington, ran and walked around a track for 24 hours to raise money for the American Cancer Society. Since then, Relay has grown from a single man's passion for fighting cancer into the world's largest movement to end the disease. Each year, more than 3.5 million people in 5,000 communities in the United States, along with additional communities in 19 other countries, gather to take part in this global event and raise much-needed funds and awareness to save lives from cancer. Requirements for Relay for Life: Anyone can participate in Relay for Life. Friends, families, neighbors, classmates, sports teams, etc., can form their own teams. No matter who you are, there's a place for you at Relay. The only requirement to participate in Relay for Life is the $10 registration/commitment fee per person. After that, anything you can raise through individual, team, or online fundraising is accepted. It is recommended that each participant sets a personal goal to raise $100. If you raise more, that's even better. Even if you do not raise $100, you are still welcome to participate. If you want to be part of Relay, you can start a team or join an existing team online. You can also make an online donation. By supporting Relay, you help the American Cancer Society save lives, and that helps us move closer to our ultimate goal of a world with less cancer and more birthdays. Online Help: Please check our Online Help&FAQ page for answers to commonly asked questions about online fundraising and about Bark For Life. Local Help: If you have questions that are not answered by the Online Help&FAQ page, or if you would like assistance from your local event representative, feel free to contact Jill Tetherow at (402) 310-2498, or [email protected]. Cancer Information&Help: For cancer information and support at any time, visit cancer.org or call 18002272345 to speak to one of our highly trained cancer information specialists. They can answer questions about all things related to cancer -- treatment, insurance, pain, nutrition, and many more. What do we know about Relay for Life?
|
[
"It helps arouse patients' awareness of fighting cancer.",
"It is usually held in the high school playground.",
"It is held for a whole day without a break.",
"It was started in honor of Dr. Klatt."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Daffodils are plants that can perform both asexual and sexual reproduction. How does a daffodil population benefit more by reproducing sexually than asexually?
|
[
"It can reproduce more rapidly.",
"It can adapt faster to its environment.",
"It can increase the diversity of inherited traits.",
"It can eliminate unfavorable traits from the gene pool."
] | 2C
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Why would a bear eat so much that his fat wobbles when he walks?
|
[
"so that other animals can have fun jumping on his belly",
"because he feels depressed",
"to be a bigger target for hunters",
"to prepare for the snowy season"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Aquaculture is the raising of freshwater and marine plants and animals for food. How would a company raising fish best demonstrate good stewardship of natural resources?
|
[
"They would raise fish with as little pollution as possible.",
"They would raise fish as economically as possible.",
"They would raise fish from as many species as possible.",
"They would raise fish to be as flavorful as possible."
] | 0A
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
In the earliest stages of man's development he had no more need of money than animals have. He was content with very simple forms of shelter, made his own rough tools and weapons and could provide food and clothing for himself and his family from natural materials around him. As he became more civilized, however, he began to want better shelter, more efficient tools and weapons, and more comfortable and more lasting clothing than could be provided by his own neighborhood or by the work of his own unskilled hands. For these things he had to turn to the skilled people such as smiths, leather workers or carpenters. It was then that the question of payment arose. At first he got what he wanted by a simple process of exchange. The smith who had not the time to look after land or cattle was glad to take meat or grain from the farmer in exchange for an axe or a plough . But as more and more goods which had no fixed exchange value came on the market, exchange became too complicated to be satisfactory. Another problem arose when those who made things wanted to get stocks of wood or leather, or iron, but had nothing to offer in exchange until their finished goods were ready. Thus the difficulties of exchange led by degree to the invention of money. In some countries easily handled things like seeds or shells were given a certain value and farmer, instead of paying the smith for a new axe by giving him some meat or grain, gave him so many shells. If the smith had any shells left when he had bought his food, he could get stocks of the raw materials of his trade. In some countries quite large things such as cows or camels or even big flat stones were used for trade. Later, pieces of metal, bearing values according to the rarity of the metal and the size of the pieces, or coins were used. Money as we know it had arrived. Exchange of goods became difficult because _ .
|
[
"man became more civilized",
"there was not a marketplace for farmers and smiths to exchange their goods",
"farmers hadn't enough grain or meat to provide for skilled workers",
"more and more goods which had no fixed exchange values appeared on the market."
] | 3D
|
high_school_microeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Would you completely trust your friends if you couldn't see anything? If you are falling, do you believe they will catch you and help you stand up? Our teacher helped us to find the answer. Our teacher is named Morrie. One day, he said that he had a game for us to try. He divided us into two groups. One of the students from the first group, stands in front of us with his eyes closed, and then falls backwards . The second group stand behind him. Before he falls on the floor, they should catch him and not let him get hurt. Most of us were uncomfortable with this. We were afraid that they wouldn't catch us and we would hit the floor. So we didn't move. We just stood there and laughed in embarrassment . Finally, one student, thin, quiet, dark-haired girl called Sarah, decided to move. She crossed her arms in front of her body, closed her eyes, and slowly fell backwards. She looked quiet but brave. For a moment, I was sure she was going to fall on the floor. But before she hit the floor, the other students caught her, held her and finally helped her stand up. "Whoa!!" we were all surprised, and also encouraged. The girl was happy, too. Seeing this, Morrie smiled and said to the girl, "When you close your eyes, you can't see anything. You won't feel safe. When you are falling, the feeling gets stronger. You are not sure whether you will hit the cold, hard floor or the warm, soft hands of your friends. But if you are brave enough to trust them, they won't let you down." In the end, the girl _ .
|
[
"got hurt",
"fell on the floor",
"was only helped by the writer",
"was caught by the other students"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What information supports the conclusion that Wyatt acquired this trait?
|
[
"Wyatt was not born knowing how to identify different fish. He had to learn this skill.",
"Wyatt has two pet fish. The fish live in a fish tank together."
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
In one of the strongest indications of the power of the mind to influence the body, a growing collection of evidence finds that people who are depressed have a greatly higher risk of developing heart disease. In a study of almost 3, 000 men and 5, 000 women, depressed men were 70 per cent more likely to develop coronary heart disease than those who weren't depressed. While depressed women were just 12 per cent more likely to develop heart disease, those who were severely depressed were 78 per cent more likely. In fact, a 1998 study found that women who are depressed have a risk of dying from heart disease equal to that of women who smoke or who have high blood pressure. The link works the other way around, too: While about 1 in 20 American adults experience major depression in a given year, that number jumps to about one in three among those who have survived a heart attack. The more severe the depression, the more dangerous it is to your health. But some studies suggest that even mild depression, including feelings of hopelessness experienced over many years, may damage the heart. Other studies suggest depression may affect how well heart disease medications work. Researchers are n' t sure what the connection between depression and heart disease is, but theories exist. One is that people who are depressed tend not to take very good care of themselves. They' re more likely to eat high-fat, high-calorie "comfort" foods, less likely to exercise, and more likely to smoke. But beyond lifestyle, there is probably also a physiological link between depression and heart disease. Recent studies found that people with severe depression tended to have a lack of heart-healthy 0-3 fatty acids. People who are depressed also often have high levels of stress hormones . These keep the body primed for fight or flight, raising blood pressure and causing the heart to beat faster, all of which put additional stress on coronary arteries and prevent the body' s natural healing mechanisms from working properly. A whole branch of medicine is devoted to the complex links between mental health, the nervous system, the hormone system and so on. This science is gradually sorting out how the mind-body connection affects us, or defenses against heart disease. Generally, an estimated 10 per cent of American adults experience some form of depression every year. Although available treatments can ease symptoms in more than 80 per cent of people treated, less than half of those with depression get the help they need. According to the passage, the possible connections between heart disease and depression are the following EXCEPT _ .
|
[
"depressed ones tend to eat high-fat and high-calories foods, which leads to physical damage to heart",
"severe heart disease may cause people to feel hopeless and depressed",
"depression may result in the lack of some kind of acids, which probably af fects the working of people' s heart",
"people with depression often have a high level of stress hormones, maybe, which will put extra pressure on one's heart"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
For years experts have argued that poor households are consuming less nourishing food than the rest of the population. But a survey of some of the lowest earners in Britain shows the nutritional value of what they eat is little different to everyone else. In fact, the same deficiencies in diet were shared by all the population and the findings suggest that poor eating choices are far more widespread than previously suspected - affecting many wealthier families. These included low fruit and vegetable consumption, not eating enough oily fish and eating too much saturated fat and sugar. "This is a large and significant study and it shows we are all eating just as bad a diet as each other," said Tim Lang, professor of food policy at City University. The poorest families were eating only slightly more sugar and slightly less fruit and vegetables, according to the study of 3,728 respondents in the bottom of the population. Alison Tedstone, head of nutritional science at the Food Standard Agency, said: " Overall, people on low incomes have less than ideal diets, but their diets are only slightly worse than those of the rest of the population." The study also showed that low earners are choosing to eat unhealthily. Their food choices were not linked to their income, their access to shops or their cooking skills. The findings appear to contradict assumptions that the poor cannot afford healthier foods or are too far away from shops that sell them. The Low Income Nutrition and Diet Survey showed that like the rest of the population, the poor's daily fruit and vegetable intake on average is below the recommended five portions. Fewer than 10 per cent of respondents hit this target, while around 20 per cent ate less than a portion per day. More than three quarters (76 per cent) of men and 81 per cent of women did less than one 30-minute session of moderate or vigorous exercise per week. Some 45 per cent of men and 40 per cent of women were smokers. This compares with 28 per cent of men and 24 per cent of women in the general population. What kind of persons maybe eat most sugar?
|
[
"The rich.",
"Men.",
"The poorest.",
"Women"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
If 10 grams of water are added to 5 grams of salt, how much salt water will be made?
|
[
"2 grams",
"5 grams",
"10 grams",
"15 grams"
] | 3D
|
college_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What will man be like in the future--in 5,000 or even 50,000 years from now? We can only make a guess, of course, but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today, for man is slowly changing all the time. Let us take an obvious example. Man, even five hundred years ago, was shorter than he is today. Now, on average, men are about three inches taller, so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller. Again, as time goes on, we shall have to use our brains more and more. This is likely to bring about a physical change to the head, in particular, the forehead will grow larger. Nowadays our eyes are in constant use. In fact, we use them so much that very often they become weaker and we have to wear glasses. But over a very long period of time it is likely that man's eyes will grow stronger. On the other hand, we are likely to make less use of our arms and legs, which, as a result, are likely to grow weaker. At the same time, however, our fingers will grow more sensitive because they are used a great deal in modern life. But what about hair? This will probably disappear from the body altogether in course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer. Perhaps all these give the impression that in the future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at! This may well be true. All the same, in spite of all these changes, future man will still have a lot in common with us. According to the passage, we can learn that _ .
|
[
"human beings will become less attractive in the future",
"less use of a part of the body will become weaker",
"human beings hope for a change in the future life",
"future life is always predictable"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
For nearly a century before there was such a thing as a space program,a view of space was possible.People could see full views of the Moon,explore Mars ,and study the outer space beauty.All of this was made possible by a small group of artist-astronomers who worked to show people how other worlds in space might look. Lucien Rudaux,a French artist,was the first to use his artistic ability and his knowledge of astronomy in art.His paintings show a mixture of skilled observations,brilliant imagination and careful attention.As a result,many of his works have come surprisingly close to actual conditions on distant planets.His painting of Mars included moonlike craters that were first photographed by the astronauts in 1965.His 1930 painting of a dust storm looks remarkably like a photograph of a storm taken by the astronauts in 1976. The artist-astronomers,including Rudaux,made people interested in outer space by painting what turned out to be exact portraits of the planets. The passage tells us _ .
|
[
"the surprising exactness of space artists",
"the popular success of Lucien Rudaux",
"the imaginations of great artists",
"the likeness between the Moon and Mars"
] | 0A
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Maybelle said she wouldn't be coming with me to the library. I asked why, and she said she could get all the short stories she wanted off the Internet. Saved walking all the way to the library, and putting up with my long chat on the way there, and on the way back. Maybelle is very direct like that, always has been. "But, Maybelle, we've been walking to the library every' Monday for the last fifty years!" She said," Why don't you get Internet'? We can send each other emails." So I had to get Internet. I called the local high school. They said they'd send me a good student to tell me all about computers and such. Evil thing, this Internet. Makes you lose old friends, forces you to learn new complex ideas, even if you're too old. But Maybelle said you have to be modern; otherwise, you're dead. The kid came the next day. Tall skinny black kid, by tile name of Arsenius, said his work would cost me. I said, "All right. As long as I get Internet." "You need a computer, then you need to get hooked up," he said. "Let's buy a computer and get hooked up, then." "How much you want to spend?" "Whatever it takes." "How many rams you want?" I wasn't going to show him my ignorance, so I said, "Whatever it takes." "Let's go to the mall. You got a car?" "In the garage." When I opened the garage door, he gasped. Daddy's car is still there, a'57 Chevy. I never drive it. Walk everywhere. I said," Let's walk. It's only a mile or so." He said," Let's drive, or you will faint on me in this heat." "Young man, I don't faint, never have. We're walking." "I get paid by the hour," he said. "Walking will cost you a lot more. Also, you feel like carrying a computer a mile or so?" Why does the writer want to have Internet at his place?
|
[
"Because the writer believes that one is never too old to learn.",
"Because the writer thinks that it is better late than never.",
"Because of the pressure from people of his age.",
"Because of the convenience the Internet will bring."
] | 2C
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
I Have to See Another Doctor Mr. Clarke lives at the foot of the mountain. He keeps the forest for a rich farmer there. The only road to the forest is just in front of his house. He can easily see the people who want to enter the forest. Sometimes he has to be on duty at night. When he hears some sound, he has to get up to see if someone cuts the trees. One day he bought something in the town. He found a strong dog and bought it. He loves it very much and often gives some meat or bread to it. And when a strange man walks close to his house, it barks loudly. So he can soon know about it and goes out to find out who it is. But last week something was wrong with Mr. Clarke. He didn't feel well and couldn't fall asleep in the evening. He had to go to a hospital in the town. The doctor looked him over and then asked, "Have you got a dog, sir " "Yes, I have got one." "You have got a skin disease ," said the doctor. "I am sure your dog infected it to you. You can't come in touch with it any longer." When he came out of the hospital, he met a friend and told him about it. The man asked, "What are you going to do, to sell your dog or to give it to another man " "Neither," answered Mr. Clarke, "I have decided to see another doctor. It's much easier to find a doctor than to buy a good dog!" Which of the following is true
|
[
"Mr. Clarke thought the dog was more useful than the doctor.",
"Mr. Clarke decided to go on coming in touch with his dog.",
"Mr. Clarke wouldn't hurt his dog.",
"Mr. Clarke hoped to cure his dog."
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Mrs Jones was still cleaning the house when her husband came back from work. She was wearing dirty, old clothes and no stockings and her hair was not tidy. She looked dirty and tired. Her husband looked at her and said, "Is this what I come home to see after a hard day's work?" Mr Jones' neighbour, Mrs Smith, was there. When she heard Mr Jones' words, she quickly said goodbye and ran back to her house. Then she washed and combed her hair carefully, put on her best dress and her most beautiful stockings, painted her face, and waited for her husband to come home. When he arrived, he was tired. He walked slowly into the house, saw his wife and stopped. Then he shouted angrily, " And where are you going this evening ?" Why did Mrs Smith run back quickly to her house when she heard Mr Jones' words?
|
[
"She was afraid of Mr Jones.",
"She didn't like Mr Jones, so she didn't want to see him any more.",
"She thought she should do something before her husband went back.",
"She wanted to watch TV."
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Facebook is now used by 30 million people in the UK, around half the population. Joanna Shields, vice president of Facebook Europe, made the announcement this morning at a media conference in London. Globally, Facebook has more than 500 million registered users, a milestone it hit last summer. Last July it had 26 million registered UK users. In the last eight months, it has attracted four million extra UK users, bringing the UK total to 30 million. Facebook, the brainchild of Mark Zuckerberg while he was still studying at Harvard University, was launched in February 2004. The pace of its global growth has sped rapidly - Facebook had only 150 million registered users in January 2009. One third of women aged between 18 to 34 check Facebook when they first wake up, before even going to the toilet, according to the research. 21% check Facebook in the middle of the night, while 42% of the same group think it is fine to post drunken photos of themselves onto the social network, a study by Oxygen Media and Lightspeed Research found. Shields was speaking this morning at the Financial Times Digital Media and Broadcasting Conference about the power Facebook's referrals can bring to media sites, such as newspapers and TV services. She explained that the average Facebook user has 130 friends who they share links to media sites with regularly. "Media companies which take advantage of that are really seeing the benefits," Shields said. Shields refused to be drawn on whether Facebook would develop its own mobile phone operating system and also said it was "silly" that Google had recently _ the feature which allowed Google users to refresh their contacts with Facebook friends. Shields talked at the Financial Times Digital Media and Broadcasting Conferences about the following EXCEPT _ .
|
[
"Facebook's referrals",
"its plan on developing its own mobile phone operating system",
"its dissatisfaction with Google",
"its call for more media sites to take advantage of Facebook"
] | 1B
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The Growing Credit Crisis Forces Many Companies to Seek Government Help On September fifteenth, Lehman Brothers, a one hundred fifty-eight year-old investment bank, sought legal protection from its creditors. It had failed to find a buyer after months of searching. With over six hundred billion dollars in debt, Lehman's failure was the largest bankruptcv in United States history At the same time,the nation's biggest insurance company,American International Group, had gotten into trouble selling credit default swaps These are contracts Similar to insurance that protect the holder against credit risk. Credit rating agencies downgraded A.I.G because of concerns it could not honor its contracts. Unable to get new loans, A.I.G asked for government help The Federal Reserve agreed to loan A .I.G. eighty-five billion dollars in return for eighty percent of the company but it was not enough. By November, the government had extended a total of about one hundred fiftv billion doliars in aid to A .I.G--the most to any single company during the crisis. As banks refused to lend, Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson proposed a plan to loosen credit markets by buylng risky assets. Congress approved the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of Two. Thousand eight on October third The bill provided seven hundred billion dollars to buy hard to-value securltles from banks. But within weeks, the government changed plans. The Treasury moved to invest two handred fifty billion dollars directly in banks to help them lend money again. Lack of credit not only hurt banks but manufacturers, too. Falling car sales threatened America's carmakers The big three automakers--General Motors, Ford and Chrysler--told Congress that they needed loans or they faced bankmptcy. In December, President Bush offered G.M and Chrysler over seventeen billion dollars in loans. As the year ended, the Federal Reserve tried to support economic growth by lowering its main interest rate to nearly zero for the first time. But there was one more bad surprise New York money manager Bernard Madoff admitted he had cheated investors out of fifty billion dollars. The news only added to the sense that two thousand eight was the worst economic year since the nineteen thirties. Which of the following is NOT the problem in the passage Lehman Brothers was faced with?
|
[
"lt is an Investment bank with more than one and a half centuries history.",
"It didn't find a buyer after months of searching.",
"It has over six hundred billion dollars in debt.",
"Its failure was the largest bankruptcy in United States history."
] | 0A
|
high_school_macroeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Everyone needs friends. We all like to feel close to someone. It is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh and do things with. Surely, there are times when we need to be alone. We don't always want people around. But we would feel lonely if we never had a friend. No two people are the same. Sometimes friends don't get along well, which doesn't mean that they no longer like each other. Most of the time they will go on being friends. Sometimes friends move away, then we feel very sad. We miss them much, but we can call them and write to them. Maybe we would never see them again, and we can make new friends. It is surprising to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them. Families sometimes name their children after a close friend. Many places are named after men and women, if they are friendly to people in a town. Some libraries are named this way. So are some schools. We think of these people when we go to these places. There's more good news for people, if they have friends. These people live longer than those people if those don't have friends. Why? It could be that they are happier. Being happy helps you stay well. Or it could be just knowing that someone cares, if someone cares about you, you take better care of yourself. Which of the following is what the writer doesn't say in the passage?
|
[
"People are happy when their friends leave them.",
"People may never see their friends after their friends move away.",
"Everyone needs friends.",
"People like their friends very much if they get to know them."
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Overuse of soil for farming causes local disruptions of several Earth subsystems. Which of these is a part of the biogeochemical cycle that experiences the most severe local disruption?
|
[
"release of carbon into the atmosphere",
"release of oxygen into the atmosphere",
"cycling phosphorus into the soil",
"cycling hydrogen into the soil"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
An object converts electrical energy into sound on a
|
[
"iphone",
"soft carpet",
"outside wall",
"wooden table"
] | 0A
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
I began to send e-mails when I was 17. I discovered Google 5 years later. Now, I use the internet all the time. The Internet has become so popular that 90 percent of 12-to-17-year-olds in the United States use the internet, and about half of these kids use it every day. They visit chat rooms and send e-mails. They go to websites to get information for their homework. "Kids are now living in a virtual world," says Greenfield, an expert at University of California, "As the Internet is becoming more and more important for our life, we should worry about one question: Is the Internet good or bad for kids? " "It's ***to answer the question because the Internet involves so many things," says Justine, who is from Northwestern University. "They include online computer games, news, messages and even e-mails to your grandmother." So more and more people believe that the online world can be helpful in some ways but dangerous in others. "Although it's not easy to tell whether it's good or bad,"says Justine, "the Internet, at least, is very useful and can be used widely by everyone in the world. Greenfield _ .
|
[
"is an expert from Northwestern University",
"wants to stop all the kids from using the Internet",
"is worrying about whether the Internet is good or bad for kids",
"thinks that the Internet is good for all the kids in the world"
] | 2C
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A calf born in a warm season will do what better than a calf born in a cold season?
|
[
"see",
"stand",
"sense",
"flourish"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Dear Mr. Expert, I grew up in a abusive home, I always promised myself that I'd get out as soon as possible. Now, at age 20, I have a good job and a nice house of my own, and I'm really proud . Here's the problem: some of my friends who still live with their parents spend the weekends with me. But now they make mine theirs. They bring boy friends over, talk on the phone, etc. I enjoy having my friends here sometimes -it makes the place feel comfortable and warm, but this is my home, not a party house, what shall I do? Joan Dear Joan, If your family didn't pay attention to your needs when you were a child, you probably have trouble letting others know your needs now. And if you've gathered your friends around you to rebuild a happy family, you may fear that saying no will bring back the kind of _ that you grew up in. You need to understand that in true friendship it's okay to put your own needs first from time to time. Be clear about the message you want to send to your friends. For example, "I really love you, but I also need some personal space. So please call me before you come over ." Edward According to Mr. Expert, why can't Joan tell her friends her feeling?
|
[
"She is afraid of hurting her friends.",
"She does not understand true friendship.",
"Her family experience stops her from doing so.",
"She does not put her needs first."
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is the definition of "happiness?" Is it material wealth filled with fancy cars, a dream house or jewelry? Or does happiness simply mean having a roof over your head? Food in the fridge? Having a swimming pool? A designer Gucci bag? Love? Money? A perfect job? Do you recall a time----let's say when you were about 5 years old-----what defined happiness back then? Was it getting a puppy for Christmas? Or maybe, you were a child of divorce; and all you wanted was for Mom and Dad to get back together again? Then as you got older, you were hoping that someone would ask you to the party that would have made your day. During college, good grades made you happy, but it was short-lived. Because in the real world, you had to look for a job, and competition was fierce. But then, you got a perfect job, could you be happy? We like having and accumulating things. We work so we can pay our rents, credit card debts, school loans, car payments... The list goes on and on. And at some point, we realize that apart from having most of what we want, we still aren't happy. Now since we've learned to adapt to new standards which we've created for ourselves, we find that we have less time, less patience, less sleep, which leads to more stress and more anxiety. Therefore, don't stupidly make a conclusion that happiness is just based on "things". Sometimes, we trade our lives for not only basic necessities, but for excessive items and services as well. Certainly, you've heard of individuals trying to "find themselves", or to "rediscover themselves". But the point has been missed: happiness is already there. Disappointments and tragedies in life will come and go, but happiness never leaves you. We can lose our jobs, but be grateful for those who love us. We can lose our homes to nature, but be thankful to be alive. If we think we are happy, we are indeed happy. Happiness is merely a perception of each individual. Happiness is part of love, and love is an ocean. Go dive in and get some, and then share it with everyone, which can be an endless supply. But sharing happiness with people around demands skilful techniques. The author puts forward a lot of questions to _ .
|
[
"ask readers for information",
"compare answers from readers",
"expect positive answers from readers",
"draw readers' attention to the topic"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Powdered substances such as oregano and pepper that are used to add flavor to foods come from
|
[
"beef",
"petroleum",
"cheese",
"producers"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A radio station broadcasting across a large area is experiencing thunderstorms. How will the radio waves from the station be affected?
|
[
"wavelength will be increased",
"amplitude will be unchanged",
"frequency will be distorted",
"speed will be decreased"
] | 2C
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Complete the sentence.
Cutting an orange is a ().
|
[
"physical change",
"chemical change"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Which physical characteristic of Earth is similar to a physical characteristic of the Moon?
|
[
"its climate",
"its great seas",
"its atmosphere",
"its mountain ranges"
] | 3D
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Which action is an example of an exothermic process?
|
[
"baking bread",
"cooking an egg",
"making ice cubes",
"evaporation of water"
] | 2C
|
college_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In class, your teachers will talk about topics that you are studying. The information they provide will be important for you to know when you take tests. You must be able to take good written notes from what your teachers say. Taking good notes is a three-stage process in which there are certain things you should do before class, during class and after class. Review your notes from the previous class before you come to class. This will help remember what was covered and get you ready to understand new information your teacher provide. Complete all assigned readings before you come to class. Your teacher will expect that you have done this and will use and build upon this information. Bring all notetaking materials with you to class. Have several pens and pencils as well as your notebook. Keep your attention focused on what your teacher is saying. Listen for "signal statements" that tell you that what your teacher is about to say is important to write in your notes. Write quickly so that you can include all the information in your notes. Place a "?" next to information you write in your notes that you are not sure of. Rewrite your notes to make them more complete by changing short words into whole words, symbols into words and shortened sentences into longer sentences. Make your notes more _ by answering any questions you had when writing your notes in class. Use your textbook and reference sources to obtain the information you need to answer your questions. If necessary, ask your teacher or other students for help. Check with other students to be sure you did not leave out important information. Having good class note will help you to be better prepared for tests. You should do the following thing before class EXCEPT _ .
|
[
"going over the notes you took in the last class",
"finishing reading some materials your teacher gave you in last class",
"taking some materials you will use in your class",
"checking your answers with other students"
] | 3D
|
high_school_statistics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is the sky? Where is it? How high is it? What lies above it? These questions are difficult to answer, aren't they? Is the sky blue? The sky has no colour. We know that there is air around the world. When planes fly, they need air to lift their wings. Planes cannot fly very high because when they go higher, the air gets thinner. If we go up about 1,200 kilometres from the earth, we find there is no air. Perhaps we can answer some of our questions now. The sky is space. In this space there is only the sun, the moon and all the stars. In space there is _ .
|
[
"nothing",
"air everywhere",
"everything",
"only the sun, the moon and all the stars"
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Roslyn Hing School on long Island recently started a pilot program using iPads in some classrooms. A growing number of schools across the U.S.are multimedia,history through gamse and math with step-by -step animation of complex problems. As part of a pilot program,Roslyn High School handed out 47 iPads on Dec.20,2010 to the students and teachers in two humanities classes. The school district hopes to provide iPads eventually to all 1,100 of its students. The iPads are to be used in class and at hom during the school year to replace texbooks,allow students to correspond with teachers and tum in papers and homework tasks,and preserve a rocord of student work in digital files. "It allows us to extend the classes beyond _ "said larry Reiff,an English teacher at Roslyn who now posts all his course mateials online. But educators are still divided over whether practices to give every student a laptop have made a difference academically. "Thre is very little evidence that kids learn more,faster of better by using these machines,"said Larry Cuban,a retried professor of eduction at Staford University."IPads are excellent tools to attract kids,but then the fieshness wears off and you eget int hard-core problems of teaching and learning." But school leaders say the iPad is not just a cool new toy but rather a powerful and multifunctional tool with a number of applications,including thousands with educational uses. "If there isn't an application that does something I need ,there will be sooner or later,"said Mr.Reiff,who said he now used an application that includes all of Shakespare's plays. We can infer from the passage that _ .
|
[
"most old teachers are against the pilot program",
"students have achieved a lot after using iPads",
"teaching will become less important with the help of ipads",
"iPads will be used is more and more schools in the US"
] | 3D
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What structure can be found in both a virus and a cell?
|
[
"nucleic acid chain",
"Golgi apparatus",
"endoplasmic reticulum",
"nuclear membrane"
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Sam was listing the differences between a euglena and a paramecium. Which characteristic should not be on Sam's list?
|
[
"only the euglena can respond to light",
"only the euglena have a definite shape",
"only the euglena use a flagellum to move",
"only the euglena can make their own food"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Did you ever notice that when you're fat, men don't look you in the eye? They look across your shoulder. There's no eye contact. My name is Leslie. I am a real person. Up until two years ago, I was never looked in the eye by anyone. I was too tired to be a lover to my husband. I was falling asleep by 8 o'clock most evenings. When I did go out for an evening. my husband was ashamed of me. And he said so to my face. When I walked, my thighs scrape together. I couldn't even cross my legs. I was fat. Not just "overweight". Fat! I was 5'55"tall and weighed 205 pounds. About 18 months ago, my husband Darrell left a "Dear Leslie"letter on my bed and asked for divorce. I went to a psychologist for advice. I knew that my weight was the source of my troubles. But I'd tried 14 different diets, at which I failed one by one. He listened carefully and recommended an entirely different program. This was not a "diet."It was a unique new weight-loss program researched by a team of specialists who help to treat the severely fat. I entered the program. Within the first four days, I lost only three pounds. So I was disappointed. But during the three weeks that followed, my weight began to drop from 205 pounds to 124 pounds. To me it was a miracle. The reason why the program worked was simple. I was always eating. I could eat six times every day. I could snack in the afternoon. Snack before dinner. I could even have snack at night while watching TV. How can you eat so much and still lose weight? The secret is in the combination of foods, approved by the research team, which you eat in each 24 hour period. You will enjoy a variety of meats, chicken, fish, vegetables, potatoes, sauces. Even some light wine or beer if you wish. But be sure to have them in the right proportion , thus a complete 24-hour fat-reduction cycle is formed. Without hunger, without nervousness, it lets you lose pounds so easily. Once you lose the weight, youll keep it off. Forever, I am sure of that. Leslie _ .
|
[
"had never looked anybody in their eyes.",
"had difficulties in walking because she was too fat.",
"was disliked by her husband because she went to bed too early each evening.",
"was often embarrassed because she was overweight for her height."
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How many phases are present in a closed flask if it contains ice, water and air
|
[
"5",
"3",
"2",
"6"
] | 1B
|
college_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Scientists know that Earth is constantly changing. They are familiar with the processes that are repeated daily, monthly, and yearly. Which of these is a natural event that can be predicted to occur monthly?
|
[
"volcanic eruptions",
"earthquake activity",
"phases of the moon",
"precipitation amounts"
] | 2C
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Basketball Statistician Help Wanted The Athletic Department is looking for students to help assist staff during the Fall 2016, Winter 2016-17 and Spring 2017 semesters. Students in this position will be keeping live statistics during basketball games. Students must meet all of the following requirements: Good computer skills Available evenings and weekends Knowing basketball rules and statistics Students interested in working for the Athletic Department should contact the Athletic Coordinator at their respective campuses. TP/SS Athletic Coordinator, Michael Simone,240-567-1308 Rockville Athletic Coordinator, Jorge Zuniga,240-567-7589 Springfield Athletic coordinator, Gary Miller,240-567-2273 Germantown Athletic Coordinator, GavriChavan, 240-567-6915 Who is more likely to get job?
|
[
"Sam,English major ,member of the college basketball team",
"Judy,IT staff with night classes,children's basketball team coach",
"Ted,computer major, basketball fan,free on evenings and weekends",
"Molly,part _ time programmer,high school basketball player ,new mother"
] | 2C
|
high_school_statistics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The current Ebola outbreak in western and central Africa has infected at least 3,069 people, including 1,552 dead, making it the largest outbreak in history. Ebola is a deadly virus --about 60 percent of people infected with it have died. How is Ebola doing its harm? When a person becomes infected with Ebola, the virus damages the body's immune cells, which defend against infection, said a researcher at Lancaster University. But if a person's immune system can stand up to this attack, then he is more likely to survive the disease. The patients that survive it best are those who don't get such a bad disadvantage in immune system. But if the body isn't able to get rid of this attack, then the immune system becomes less able to regulate itself. This means the immune system is more likely to run out of control, leading to a drop in blood pressure, multi-organ failure and eventually death. What are the common symptoms of the disease? Fever. Headache. Joint and muscle aches. Weakness. Diarrhea. Vomiting. Stomach pain. Lack of appetite. Chills. Rash. Redness in the eyes. Hiccups. Cough. Sore throat. Chest pain. Difficult breathing or swallowing. Bleeding inside and outside of the body. How to prevent the spread of Ebola? Ebola can be spread primarily via direct contact with patients, specifically the blood and fluids of an infected patient. We should avoid contact with infected patients and objects such as clothing, bedding, and needles used by them. Avoid areas where infections have been reported. For now, the disease has only been confirmed in central and West Africa, four cases in America and Europe. Avoid eating wild-caught bush meat. Researchers have suspected that the disease came to humans via animals, probably through the meat of primates . If you're in an area where the disease has been reported, avoid purchasing, eating, or handling wild game to stay on the safe side. Wear protective medical clothing if you're around infected patients. Extreme caution is necessary. Hospital workers must use masks, gloves, goggles, and gowns, which needed to be worn at all times if you're around infected patients. How Do People Survive Ebola? Doctors don't know for certain who will survive Ebola, and there is no specific treatment or cure for the disease. Although in the minority, some people do recover from infection. Our suggestions include: Maintain your electrolytes and body liquid. Sports drinks can be used. Monitor your blood pressure and control it if necessary. Dropping blood pressure may be a serious sign of infection. Breathe in an oxygen-rich environment. Quickly address any symptoms of infection. Be honest about when and where you're feeling pain. Ebola causes the death of a human being by _ .
|
[
"attacking him with high fever",
"regulating his immune system",
"damaging his immune cells",
"harming all his organs directly"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
My grandpa is 93 years old this year. He is very healthy and looks young. Many people ask him why he is so healthy. Grandpa says good diet is very important to everyone. Grandpa has three meals a day regularly . He often eats lots of vegetables and fruit. He never drinks or smokes . He says they are bad for health. After he gets up in the morning, he often drinks a cup of water. And before he goes to bed in the evening, he has a cup of milk. He says everyone should drink some water before breakfast. Grandpa has a good lifestyle, too. He likes sports. He likes playing ping-pong and badminton. Sometimes he goes swimming. He goes running every day before breakfast, too. He says exercise can help a person keep healthy and strong. Grandpa likes watching TV. But he only watches TV in the afternoon. He doesn't watch too much TV. Many old people like playing Majon, but grandpa doesn't. He says sitting in the chair for long time is not good for health. Grandpa usually _ before he goes to bed.
|
[
"drinks some water",
"drinks some milk",
"drinks some tea",
"drinks some juice"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Can dolphins talk? Maybe they can't talk with words, but they talk with sounds. They show their feelings with sounds. Dolphins travel in a group. We call a group of fish a "school". They don't study, but they travel together. Dolphins talk to the other dolphins in the school. They give information. They tell when they are happy or sad or afraid. They say "welcome"when a dolphin comes back to the school. They talk when they play. They make a few sounds above water. They make many more sounds under water. People cannot hear these sounds because they are very, very high. Scientists make tapes of the sounds and study them. Sometimes people catch a dolphin for a large aquarium . People can watch the dolphins in a show. Dolphins don't like to be away from their school in an aquarium. They are sad and lonely . Dolphins There are many stories about dolphins. They help people. Sometimes they save somebody's life. Dolphin meat is good, but people don't like to kill them. They say that dolphins bring good luck. Many people believe this. Dolphins show their feelings with _ .
|
[
"pictures",
"words",
"water",
"sounds"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Complete the statement.
Hydrogen peroxide is ().
|
[
"an elementary substance",
"a compound"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Roughly half of college students will have some degree of depression at some point during their time in school . Even more startling , 6.2 percent of college students surveyed in 2012 considered suicide and 1.3 percent attempted it , according to an American College Health Association study released this spring . If you're feeling depressed on campus , you may find the following tips helpful . Exercise : Physical activity releases endorphins - chemicals that produce an overall positive feeling within the body , which fight depression naturally . Mental health experts claim that exercise is a solution to those feeling mild or moderate depression . However , for those severely depressed , simply doing sports is not enough . Use school counseling services : Campuses don't employ mental health experts simply to throw thousands of dollars down the drain . Their job is to help students , so experts recommend you use them . Most students , however , are hesitant to take a trip to their college's counseling center , fearing being laughed at by peers . As a result , some schools like Texas Christian University , are testing students for mental health problems when they get sick and visit the campus health clinic . Take advantage of technology : Staying in touch with family members and friends from childhood and high school has become easier than ever with the coming of Facebook and video chat services like Skype . While mental health experts insist that it's important to make friends in your new environment and be involved in the college community , it's also significant to keep in touch with the people you knew before college . Go to sleep : Following a fairly regular sleep pattern can defend you against depression . In college , many students' sleep patterns are irregular thanks to late-night studying and partying , which is harmful to their mental health . Research strongly suggests that sleep is the key to learning and memory formation . which of the following can NOT help one reduce depression?
|
[
"Taking exercise regularly every week",
"Chatting with old friends with Skype",
"Turning to mental health experts for advice",
"Holding parties deep into the night to relax"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
We all need to exercise. Doctors say it is good for us. It makes your heart and body strong. It also gives you more energy. And you will feel better yourself. It's best to exercise twice a week. Twenty minutes each time is enough. There are many ways to exercise. You can walk, run, play sports, or swim. Many people go to special places to exercise. They are called "fitness centers". These places have a lot of equitment. Some people buy equitment for their homes. But it is very expensive. Exercising can be fun. Friends can exercise together at fithess center. Or they can play sports together, how do you exercise? We should exercise _ .
|
[
"every day",
"20 minutes a week.",
"twice a week",
"two times a month"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Scientists compared Pluto with other objects in the solar system and found that Pluto is smaller than Earth's moon. This finding caused scientists to question whether Pluto is a planet because
|
[
"Pluto gets less sunlight than Earth's moon",
"the other planets are much larger than Pluto",
"the other planets have moons and Pluto does not",
"Pluto rotates on its axis and the other planets do not"
] | 1B
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A reflex can protect the body from harm. Which organ systems work together to produce a reflex?
|
[
"nervous and immune systems",
"nervous and muscular systems",
"circulatory and immune systems",
"circulatory and muscular systems"
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Researchers invited 79 people between the ages of 18 and 50 years old who had been diagnosed with depression. 33 of the participants were offered 20 music therapy sessions, in addition to their usual treatment for depression. The other 46 participants received stan dard treatment, and acted as the control group. The one-on-one music therapy sessions each lasted 60 minutes and took place twice a week. Trained music therapists helped each participant to improvise music. On average, each participant attended 18 music therapy sessions. 29 individuals (88 percent) attended at least 15 sessions. The participants in both groups were followed up at three and six months and assessed forsymptoms of depression and anxiety. In the final analysis, researchers discovered that af ter three months of participation, individuals who received music therapy showed greatly fewer symptoms of depression and anxiety, and scored better on general functioning. Although improvements still remained after six months, the difference between the groups was no longer statistically significant. Co-researcher Christian Gold, Ph.D., explained the study findings: "Our trial has shown that music therapy, when added to standard care including medication, psychotherapy and counseling , helps people to improve their levels of depression and anxiety. Music therapy has specific qualities that allow people to express themselves and interact in a non-verbal way - even when they cannot find the words to describe their inner experiences." Given the success of the study, researchers say it needs to be repeated with a larger sample of people, and that further research is needed to assess the cost-effectiveness of such therapy. Outside experts believe this study shows that music ther apy is an effective addition to traditional therapy and improves outcomes. Mike Crawford, M.D., said, "This is a high-quality randomized trial of music therapy specifically for depression, and the results suggest that it can improve the mood and general functioning of people with depression." A standard treatment for depression includes all the following ways EXCEPT _ .
|
[
"Music therapy",
"Medication",
"Psychotherapy",
"Counseling"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Based on this information, what is Lollipop's phenotype for the ear type trait?
|
[
"ee",
"dumbo ears"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
When you think of your hair, you probably think of the hair on your head. But there's hair on almost every part of your body. (some places that don't have hair include the lips, the palms of the hands ,and the soles of the feet.) Some of the hair on your body is easy to see, like your eyebrows and the hair on your head, arms, and legs. But other hair ,like that on your cheek, is almost invisible. Depending on where it is, hair has different jobs. The hair on your head keeps your head warm and provided a little cushioning for your skull. _ protect your eyes by decreasing the amount of light and dust that go into them, and eyebrows protect your eyes from sweat dripping down from your forehead. Does hair easy to see?
|
[
"Yes, they are invisible",
"Yes, almost they are",
"No, only some of the hair on the body is",
"No, they are invisible"
] | 1B
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
We live in a digital world now, and a student's technology needs have changed. For the early years, when you are in primary school, you can get by with no technology at all. Even if you have a computer, it's a good idea to get children familiar with libraries. At this age, trips to the library are like family outings. As you get closer to middle school, a computer with Internet access becomes more of a necessity. Teachers will often give assignments that require a student to use the Internet for research. After a computer, technology choices for students become more difficult to make - especially when it comes to cell-phones. Kids will beg their parents for a cell-phone, especially in middle school. For many parents, it's a safety issue: They want to know that their kids can reach them quickly if necessary. For teachers, cell phones can be used to record lessons when students are absent. But many teachers dislike cell-phones. Some kids send messages or have talks in the class. Sending messages also raises the problem of cheating on exams. More and more schools are now forbidding the use of cell-phones. Many kids see iPods as necessary things to have. IPods are great for music, but do they do anything good for your children's education? Maybe they do. s the opinion of Doug Johnson, an educator for 30 years. Johnson says that educators should accept all new forms of technology in the classroom, including iPods. "Some do more with their cell- phones than we can do with our laptops," he jokes. "I don't think we should be afraid. The truth is that it's easier to change the way we teach than to change the technology habits of an entire generation." We can infer from what Doug Johnson said that _ .
|
[
"cell-phones are not useful to students",
"teachers should let students use cell-phones",
"it's better for teachers to change their teaching methods",
"schoolchildren should follow the trends of fashion"
] | 2C
|
high_school_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In the summer of 1978 an English farmer was driving his tractor through a field of wheat when he discovered that some of his wheat was lying flat on the ground. The fattened wheat formed a circle about six meters across. Around this circle were four smaller circles of flattened wheat. The five circles were in a formation like five dots. During the following years, farmers in England found the strange circles in their fields more and more often. The circles are called "crop circles" because they appear in the fields of grain - usually wheat or corn. The grain in the circles lies flat on the ground but never broken; it continues to grow, and farmers can later harvest it. Farmers always discover the crop circles in the morning, so the circles probably form at night. They appear only in the months from May to September. At first, people thought that the circles were a _ . Probably young people were making them as a joke, or farmers were making them to attract tourists. To prove that the circles were a hoax, people tried to make circles exactly like the ones that farmer had found. They couldn't do it. They couldn't enter a field of grain without leaving tracks , and they couldn't flatten the grain without breaking it. Many people believe that beings from outer space are making the circle to communicate with us from far away and that the crop circles are messages from them. Scientists who have studied the crop circles suggested several possibilities. Some scientists say that a downward rush of wind leads to the formation of the circles - the same downward rush of air that sometimes causes an airplane to crash. Other scientists say that forces within the earth cause the circles to appear. There is one problem with all these scientific explanations: crop circles often appear in formations, like the five-dot formation. It is hard to believe that any natural force could form those. Which of the following may prove that the crop circles are not made by man?
|
[
"The farmer couldn't step out of the field.",
"The farmers couldn't make the circles round.",
"The farmers couldn't leave without footprints.",
"The farmers couldn't keep the wheat straight up."
] | 2C
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Sue has a scar on her right hand.
|
[
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
A science class is taking a field trip to a forest to observe and study birds. Which tool would be most helpful for observing birds?
|
[
"beakers",
"binoculars",
"safety goggles",
"microscopes"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Light has the inability to shine through what?
|
[
"solid wood",
"glass",
"atmospheres",
"water"
] | 0A
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When a student uses the equation, mass multiplied by change in temperature multiplied by specific heat, what is being calculated? q = m \times C \times \Delta T
|
[
"a phase change",
"stored energy",
"heat convection",
"heat gain or heat loss"
] | 3D
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Surprisingly, no one knows how many children receive education in English hospitals, still less the content or quality of that education. Proper records are just not kept. We know that more than 850,000 children go through hospital each year, and that every child of school age has a legal right to continue to receive education while in hospital. We also know there is only one hospital teacher to every 1,000 children in hospital. Little wonder the latest survey concludes that the extent and type of hospital teaching available differ a great deal across the country. It is found that half the hospitals in England which admit children have no teacher. A further quarter have only a part-time teacher. The special children's hospitals in major cities do best; general hospitals in the country and holiday areas are worst off. From this survey, one can estimate that fewer than one in five children have some contact with a hospital teacher--and that contact may be as little as two hours a day. Most children interviewed were surprised to find a teacher in hospital at all. They had not been prepared for it by parents or their own school. If there was a teacher they were much more likely to read books and do math or number work; without a teacher they would only play games. Reasons for hospital teaching range from preventing a child falling behind and maintaining the habit of school to keeping a child occupied, and the latter is often all the teacher can do. The position and influence of many teachers was summed up when parents referred to them as "the library lady" or just "the helper". Children tend to rely on concerned school friends to keep in touch with school work. Several parents spoke of requests for work being ignored or refused by the school. Once back at school children rarely get extra teaching, and are told to catch up as best they can. Many short-stay child-patients catch up quickly. But schools do very little to ease the anxiety about falling behind expressed by many of the children interviewed. Which of the following statements is true?
|
[
"Every child in hospital receives some teaching.",
"Not enough is known about hospital teaching.",
"Hospital teaching is of poor quality.",
"The special children's hospitals are worst off."
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A tropical rain forest contains many tall trees. Smaller plants with large leaves grow at the base of the tall trees. The large leaves are most likely an adaptation of the plant due to which condition?
|
[
"lack of sunlight",
"lack of oxygen",
"lack of water",
"lack of food"
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Wind turbines are efficient sources of cheap energy but also a source of concern as their huge spinning blades frequently kill birds and bats. A new type of wind generator developed in Spain offers a creative solution to that problem. In 2002, Spanish inventor David Yanez saw a short film about the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in the U.S., collapsing in strong wind. It was a vivid example of the powerful vibrations wind can create when it blows past a long pole, such as a car antenna or even a stick of bamboo. It gave him the idea for a new type of wind-energy generator. "The initial philosophy or spirit was to create a generator of dreams that had all the qualities one would want: It should be as cheap as possible, need as little maintenance as possible, the setup as simple as possible," he said. Yanez and his friend Raoul Martin took the idea to an engineering firm, where they were told it would never work. Undiscouraged, they started experimenting on their own in a small wind tunnel they built. Good initial results were repeated by a larger working model called Vortex installed in a nearby field. "What we have is a mast , which is the top piece and acts as a blade," Yanez said. "It's constructed from the same material as a conventional generator, and what it does is it oscillates , transmitting the oscillation to a conventional alternator, which by its own oscillation converts the wind's energy into electric energy." Yanez said the output of the 6-meter-tall generator, and even that of smaller models, was better than expected. The Vortex creates about 30 percent less energy than a comparable bladed wind turbine, but it is lighter and cheaper to build and maintain. It is made mostly of reinforced plastic and has very few moving parts. Also, it does not create noise and--even more important for many environmentalists--it does not present a threat to passing birds. The current prototype works at wind speeds ranging from 1.5 to 7 meters per second. The inventors say the next step is building a 12.5-meter tall bladeless generator with a 4-kilowatt capacity that could power small businesses or individual homes, or provide supplemental power to a main grid. The commercial version of the Vortex Bladeless generator should be ready for the market by 2017. What would be the best title for the passage?
|
[
"Bladeless wind-power generator is friendly to birds.",
"Wind turbines are efficient sources of cheap energy.",
"A new generator will come onto the market by 2017.",
"Yanez has made a generator for the benefit of people."
] | 0A
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
An Earth year is the length of time it takes for
|
[
"Earth to rotate once on its axis",
"the Moon to revolve once around Earth",
"the Sun to revolve once around Earth",
"Earth to revolve once around the Sun"
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
While on a field trip to NASA, Felicia saw a short film on materials that make up nebulae. Which topic was most likely presented in the film?
|
[
"asteroid development",
"stellar formation",
"planetary orbits",
"galaxy shapes"
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
My father has a great sports collection .he love sports very much. And he loves all balls. he likes playing basketball and volleyball. And he likes playing baseball and tennis. he also likes watching ball games. how many balls does he have? He has 15 basketballs,12 baseballs ,10 tennis bats.8 volleyballs and 14 baseball bats. and many other balls. He has _ tennis bats.
|
[
"15",
"12",
"10",
"8"
] | 2C
|
elementary_mathematics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is virus attenuation in practical terms for successful vaccine discovery?
|
[
"Passage of live virus from cell to cell and a search for less virulent mutants",
"As (a) but using low temperature (33oC) to select cold adapted mutants",
"Direct random mutagenesis to create a less virulent mutant",
"Recovery of a naturally occurring 'wild' virus which is naturally less virulent"
] | 2C
|
virology
|
mmlu
|
"The price of books for our students is just getting higher and higher and,combined with the rising cost of tuition,it's killing these students,"said Peter Jason,a college professor."Remember,students are one of the poorest groups of people in America.Almost half of them have at least one part-time job.In fact,one of my students has three jobs.And she still manages to have high scores and go to school full-time." Textbook prices are traditionally high.Adding to that problem,many college teachers change textbooks year after year;they either upgrade to a new edition or switch to an entirely different textbook.This further hurts students because if an instructor no longer uses a particular textbook,that book has no resale value. Dr.Jason decided to make lire a little easier and a lot cheaper for his students by writing his own book on public speaking."Many books have an increased price because of CD-ROMs,lots of color photographs and pictures.I talked to my students,and many of them,like me,prefer to keep things simple! So,a few years ago,I wrote my own textbook.Compared to most other public speaking books,mine is half the number of pages,and one-third the price.That is,$30 instead of $90.When I wrote a second edition last year,students only had to buy the 35 new pages, For only $7.00,they had almost a new book. Now my loose-leaf textbook enjoys great popularity among the students.Maybe in the future more writers and publishers will try it." Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
|
[
"Dr Jason's textbook has CD-ROMs and nice pictures.",
"More writers and publishers will write simpler textbooks.",
"Dr.Jason teaches public speaking at a college.",
"Dr-Jason's textbook is not well received."
] | 2C
|
high_school_microeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When someone says extinct animals, you may think about dinosaurs . But now many other animals are becoming less and less in number. These animals might disappear from the earth very soon. Take a look at the following animals. They are all in danger. The African Elephant The African elephant is a clever animal. It has a very good memory. But people kill it for its tusks . Half of the African elephants have disappeared. The African Lion The African lions have nowhere to live because of wars in Southern Africa. Besides, hunters and farmers often kill them. The Tortoise George is a tortoise. It is the last Pinta Island giant tortoise. It was found in 1971. Now it lives in a research station. It can still live for another 200 years. But it is the last one of this species of tortoise. The Tadpole Shrimp Maybe you've never seen a tadpole shrimp. This is one of the oldest species on the earth. People have found them in fresh water pools on four continents . A tadpole shrimp can only live for two months or less. The tadpole shrimp _ .
|
[
"is in danger because of its special illness",
"lives on four continents",
"lives in a research stations now",
"is the second oldest species on the earth"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Bea, a five-year-old girl, was born with a severe illness which means she has to be kept away from other children of her age, because her body is so weak that she would be unable to fight off a common cold. Bea was diagnosed with this disease when she was five months old. Since then, the hospital has become her second home, medicines for food, and all kinds of treatments her friends. Bea received a very special treatment when she was four years old, which would allow her to be like a normal child if successful. After that, she spent two weeks in ICU before living for four months on a separate ward . Bea was allowed home in February but still needed a special tube in her nose to send in medicines every two days. Her parents clean the house from top to bottom every two days and hoover each morning to make sure Bea is free from any possible bacteria. Anna, Bea's mother, said, "she is weak but so strong. We've never seen any child stronger than her. It seems as if nothing in the world could beat her. We really hope to send her to school next year." She used to drive on the local playground, but Bea was only allowed to watch sitting in the car. "It was heartbreaking to see Bea staring at the running and laughing children there. She never stopped fighting the disease. I know she's dying for such a normal life." Hearing of Bea's story, the Make-A-Wish Foundation has paid for a play park to be built in her back garden. "Bea is very brave and she has encouraged many children like her," said the chairman of the foundation. From the passage we can infer that_.
|
[
"Bes will need a tube in her nose all the time",
"Bea has to stay in hospital until she is an adult",
"Bea's parents will send her to school next year",
"Bea's mother feels proud when talking about her"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
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