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You can never be too sure these days in the United States of your neighbors or even your customers! Try to keep a low profile in your neighborhood: Don't announce to everyone that you are running a home business with thousands of dollars worth of equipment. As much as possible, do not invite clients or visitors to your home. In fact, I know of some homebased entrepreneurs who would rather meet their clients in a neutral ground, e.g. the client's office or even Starbucks. There are other ways to keep burglars away from your house. *Keep lights on around your house in the evenings. Light is a natural fright for burglars. *Invest in a security alarm, particularly if your house is located at a remote spot. Security systems can often bring down the cost of your homeowner's premium . *Make sure that all windows and doors are locked and the security alarm turned on before you sleep at night or go out of the house. Avoid keeping house keys in obvious places, such as under the lamp or on top of the doorframe. *Adding an additional lock will provide extra security when you are home. The deadlock, sometimes called an "exit only deadbolt"is a deadbolt that does not have an external key. It is clearly visible on the door from the outside, but cannot be broken into without destroying the door, frame or lock itself. While this security won't help directly when you aren't home, the visibility may discourage an _ from trying the door. *Your door itself should be made of strong materials, such as oneinch thick solid hardwood or heavy metal. The advice given by the writer in the passage focuses on _ .
|
[
"how to make your house safe from burglars",
"what to do when your house is broken into",
"how to improve social security in the United States",
"how to run a home business"
] | 0A
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Alexandra Scott was born to Liz and Jay Scott in Manchester,Connecticut on January 18, 1996,the second of four children. Shortly before her first birthday,Alex was diagnosed with neuroblastoma,a type of childhood cancer. On her first birthday, the doctors informed Alex's parents that if she beat her cancer it was doubtful that she would ever walk again. Just two weeks later,Alex slightly moved her leg at her parents' request to kick. This was the first indication that she would turn out to be a courageous and confident child with big dreams and big accomplishments. By her second birthday,Alex was able to stand up with leg braces .She worked hard to gain strength and to learn how to walk. She appeared to be overcoming the difficulties, until the shocking discovery within the next year that her tumors had started growing again. In the year 2000,the day after her fourth birthday,Alex received a stem cell transplant and informed her mother,"When I get out of the hospital I want to have a lemonade stand. " She said she wanted to give the money to doctors to allow them to "help other kids,like they helped me.,,True to her word, she held her first lemonade stand later that year with the help of her older brother and raised an amazing $ 2,000 for "her hospital, People from all over the world,moved by her story,held their own lemonade stands and donated the earnings to Alex and her cause. In August of 2004,Alex passed away at the age of 8,knowing that,with the help of others,she had raised more than $ 1 million to help find a cure for the disease that took her life. Alex's family--including brothers Patrick,Eddie,and Joey--and supporters around the world are committed to continuing her inspiring cause through Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation . Why was Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation founded?
|
[
"To promote her lemonade.",
"To set up a children's hospital.",
"To attract public attention to her disease.",
"To collect money to help children with cancer."
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Fed up with constantly having to recharge or replace batteries in your ever-expanding electronic devices? The solution may be just a few steps away. "Energy harvesting" promises to power countless consumer devices, often with nothing more than your body's movement or heat. Dozens of companies around the world already offer such products, but many experts believe the market for the technology could explode due to electronic devices being developed for the Internet of Things. "It's huge," said Graham Martin, CEO of the EnOcean Alliance, a San Ramon-based group of businesses that promotes wireless energy-harvesting technologies. With the Internet of Things expected to combine billions of devices, "if they are all battery-powered, we'll have a problem because there's not enough lithium in the world," he added. "So a lot of them will have to use energy harvesting." Among the most basic forms of the technology is body power. When certain materials are squeezed or stretched, the movement of their atoms creates an electrical charge. Automatic watches have employed the concept for decades, for example, by winding themselves when their user moves their arm. Now, the concept is being considered for a number of other devices. In a contest seeking visionary ideas for wearable technologies, Intel awarded $5,000 for a concept to change the temperature difference between a person's body and a special piece of clothing they'd wear into electricity for mobile devices. Using sound to power devices is another energy-harvesting variation. Stanford University engineers are testing smart microchips that create electricity from ultrasound to power implantable devices that can analyze a person's nervous system or treat their diseases. A textile research association in Spain is proposing to obtain electricity from radio waves that flow around everyone to power sensors sewn into clothes, which can monitor a person's heartbeat or other vital signs. Research firm IDTechEx has estimated that annual global sales of energy-harvesting products could hit $2.6 billion by 2024, while WinterGreen Research predicts sales of $4.2 billion by 2019. Obtaining stable energy from devices can be complex, however. For one thing, the motion that generates the electricity has to be constant to be useful. Moreover, the amount of power the devices produce depends on the person using them, according to a Columbia University study. It determined that taller people on average provide about 20 percent more power than shorter ones when walking, running or cycling. It's also unclear how eagerly consumers might welcome energy-harvesting products. While such devices are expected to cost less than battery-powered alternatives when compared over many years, experts say, people may continue buying ones with batteries merely because those would be cheaper in the short term. It can be learned from the passage that _ .
|
[
"energy-harvesting products save money in the long run",
"taller people can surely produce a larger amount of power",
"automatic watches harvest energy from the users' body heat",
"two ways of harvesting energy are mentioned in the passage"
] | 0A
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Dr. Marie Curie is known to the world as the scientist who discovered radioactive metals i.e. Radium and Polonium. Marie Curie was a Polish physicist and chemist. Together with her husband, Pierre, she discovered two new elements and studied the x-rays they emitted. She found that the harmful properties of x-rays were able to kill tumors. By the end of World War I, Marie Curie was probably the most famous woman in the world. She had made a conscious decision, however, not to patent methods of processing radium or its medical applications. Marie Curie was born on November 7, 1867 in Poland and died on July 4, 1934. Her co-discovery with her husband Pierre Curie of the radioactive elements radium and polonium represents one of the best known stories in modern science for which they were recognized in 1901 with the Nobel Prize for Physics. In 1911, Marie Curie was honored with a second Nobel prize, this time for chemistry, to honor her for successfully isolating pure radium and determining radium's atomic weight. As a child, Marie Curie amazed people with her great memory. She learned to read when she was only four years old. Her father was a professor of science and the instruments that he kept in a glass case fascinated Marie. She dreamed of becoming a scientist, but that would not be easy. Her family became very poor, and at the age of 18, Marie became a governess. She helped pay for her sister to study in Paris. Later, her sister helped Marie with her education. In 1891, Marie attended the Sorbonne University in Paris where she met and married Pierre Curie, a well-known physicist. Marie Curie contributed greatly to our understanding of radioactivity and the effects of x-rays. She received two Nobel prizes for her brilliant work, but died of leukemia, caused by her repeated exposure to radioactive material. What does the passage mainly talked about?
|
[
"Marie Curie discovered radium",
"Marie Curie, a famous chemist",
"Marie Curie won two Noble Prizes",
"The brief biography of Marie Curie"
] | 2C
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind, unless they hunt them for food. Sometimes, however, two kinds of animals come together in a partnership which does good to both of them. You may have noticed some birds sitting on the back of sheep. This is not because they want a ride, but because they find easy food in the parasites on sheep. The sheep allow the birds to do so because they remove the cause of discomfort. So although they can manage without each other, _ do better together. Sometimes an animal has a plant partner. The relationship develops until the two partners cannot do without each other. This is so in the corals of the sea. In their skins they have tiny plants which act as "dustman", taking some of the waste products from the coral and giving in return oxygen which the animal needs to breathe. If the plants are killed, or are even prevented from light so that they cannot live normally, the corals will die. Some birds like to sit on a sheep because _ .
|
[
"they can eat its parasites",
"they consider the sheep as their shelter",
"they enjoy traveling with the sheep",
"they find the position most comfortable"
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A metal sample is placed into a beaker of boiling water. After two minutes the metal is removed. After 5 minutes the metal can be picked up by hand but the water is still too hot to touch. Which of these matter and energy interactions is being illustrated?
|
[
"water has a low specific heat",
"metals have low specific heat",
"glass from the beaker is a good insulator",
"water loses its heat energy quickly to the air"
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
In Yann LeCun's cake, the cherry on top is
|
[
"reinforcement learning",
"self-supervised learning",
"unsupervised learning",
"supervised learning"
] | 0A
|
machine_learning
|
mmlu
|
Carbon on Earth is found in both living and nonliving matter. In order for carbon to be continuously available, it must be recycled. Through which process is carbon made available in the atmosphere?
|
[
"formation of fossil fuels",
"layering of soil",
"plant photosynthesis",
"forest fires"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Research has shown that music has an important effect on one's body and psyche . In fact, there is a growing field of health care known as music therapy, which uses music to treat diseases. Even hospitals are beginning to use music therapy. This is not surprising, as music affects the body and mind in many powerful ways. Research has shown that quick music can make a person feel more alert, while slow music can produce a calm, deep thinking state. Also, research has found that music can change brainwave activity levels. This can help the brain to change speeds more easily on its own as needed, which means that music can bring lasting benefits to your state of mind, even after you've stopped listening. Breathing and heart rates can also be influenced by music. This can mean slower breathing, slower heart rate. This is why music and music therapy can help reduce the damaging effects of long-term stress, greatly promoting not only relaxation, but health. Music can also be used to bring about a more positive state of mind by helping to keep worries away. Music has also been found to bring many other benefits, such as lowering blood pressure and reducing the risk of strokes. It is no surprise that so many people are considering music as an important tool to help the body become or stay healthy. What can we infer about music therapy?
|
[
"It is a type of music.",
"It is a research about music.",
"It is a kind of musical effect on diseases.",
"It is the use of music method to help treat diseases."
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Are there fastest ways to lose weight? Yes, there are! This is no magic trick or miracle. It just needs sensible actions. *Drink water No, you don't have to fill up like a tub, but ensure that you drink 8 to 10 glasses of water every day. Don't substitute for juice. With adequate water intake your body will be able to metabolize fat more effectively. And if you have a glass of water 10-15 minutes before your meal, you will feel full once you start eating. Another fun fact, did you know that you can lose 62 calories by drinking ice cold water? *Eat 5 times a day Start with breakfast. The more you eat for breakfast, the less food you will want to eat at night. Please don't skip this meal as you'll end up swallowing everything in sight for the rest of the day. You don't need to gobble up 5 large meals. Eat sensibly so your body doesn't crave for food. *Use weights Needless to say, exercise is crucial to weight loss. You can't expect to sit on the sofa all day, sip water and lose weight. Join a good gym that lets you work with _ It will help you build muscle and your metabolism rate will increase. You'll soon see the fat come off and in its place muscle will develop. *Smaller bowls It's better to substitute the huge bowls you usually use for small ones - when food starts to fall off, you'll know it's enough. Try to get these new bowls in dark colors. Dark blue will be your best choice since it is the number one color that fights off the appetite. Avoid red/orange/yellow colors in your dining area - they are the ones making your appetite go sky high. *Read between lines Food and drink products are all out to get you. They scream "Buy me! Buy me!" They could be "fat free" but they could still have a lot of calories. You need to analyze the nutrition label on the cover. Find out what's good for you and what isn't. Knowing in advance can help you stay away from products that are calorie-enriched. *Don't punish yourself Go easy on yourself at least one day in a week. If you begin to dislike your diet then there's something wrong. Find a diet that suits your body type and your lifestyle. If you are going to run a restaurant, which colors will you choose to paint the dining area?
|
[
"black and yellow",
"gray and white",
"red and orange",
"blue and purple"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the animal that has a backbone.
|
[
"kangaroo",
"comet moth"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
When I was small and my grandmother died, I couldn't understand why I had no tears. But that night when my dad tried to cheer me up, my laugh turned into crying. So it came as no surprise to learn that researchers believe crying and laughing come from the same part of the brain. Just as laughing has many health advantages, scientists are discovering that so, too, does crying. Whatever it takes for us to reduce pressure is important to our emotional health, and a study found that 85 percent of women and 73 percent of men report feeling better after crying. Besides, tears attract help from other people. Researchers agree that when we cry, people around us become kinder and friendly and they are more ready to provide support and comfort. Tears also enable us to understand our emotions better; sometimes we don't even know we' re very sad until we cry. We learn about our emotions through crying, and then we can deal with them. Just as crying can be healthy, not crying -- holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering -- can be bad for physical health, Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like crying, don't fight it. It's a natural -- and healthy -- emotional response . What might be the best title for the text?
|
[
"Power of Tears",
"How to Keep Healthy",
"Why We Cry",
"A New Scientific Discovery"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
From quantum mechanics we learn that a radioactive nucleus is governed by
|
[
"Newton’s laws",
"probability",
"certainty",
"no laws at all"
] | 1B
|
conceptual_physics
|
mmlu
|
Directions : Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A,B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage When top engineers in Germany wanted to build a more energy-efficient car, they headed to the natural history museum to study dolphins and sharks. But it was the boxfish that interested them. "We were surprised when this clumsy-looking fish became our model for designing an aerodynamic car",says Thomas Weber. He is the research and development chief for the car company Daimler. An aerodynamic design reduces wind drag and increases fuel efficiency. The boxfish may look clumsy, but it can start, stop ,back up and zigzag through the water with ease. And it does all this using surprisingly little energy. Daimler's bionic car is modeled on the fish's boxy skeletal system. Like the fish, the car is fast and drives easily. It's efficient too. The science behind nature-inspired inventions is called biomimicry . Biologist Janine Benyus came up with the term. As co-founder of the Biomimicry Guild, she has worked with cereal companies,sneaker designers and others to develop products based on Nature's best ideas. This month ,the Nature's 100 Best List will be revealed at the World Conservation Congress in Barcelona ,Spain. Benyus co-authored the list of nature inspired designs with economist Gunter Pauli. In Zimbabwe ,a country in southern Africa ,engineers designed energy-efficient buildings modeled on termite mounds . The buildings use vents to keep the air flowing and the temperature cool. A company in Atlanta ,US ,developed a self-cleaning paint modeled on the lotus leaf. When the paint dries ,it becomes bumpy ,just like the lotus leaf. Rain drops form on the bumps and roll off ,carrying dirt along with them. Nature has done billions of years of research. Only the best-designed products have survived. Companies owe Mother Nature a debt for all that hard work ,says Benyus. For scientists and inventors, the possibilities for copying nature are limitless. Technology may never be as efficient as nature, or as color1ful. But that doesn 't mean we should stop trying to learn from the world around us. Take a walk outside. Watch a squirrel climb up a tree. Look closely at the veins of a leaf. Hear the birds chirping in the trees. Such small details may help solve big problems in the future. Which is TRUE according to the passage?
|
[
"In America a self-cleaning paint was modeled on the lotus flower.",
"Zimbabwe engineers learned from termites to create highly advanced heating systems.",
"After the boxfish ,many other ideas of new products are borrowed from nature.",
"Nature is a good source to turn to for improving technology."
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Statement 1 | The symmetric group S_3 is cyclic. Statement 2 | Every group is isomorphic to some group of permutations.
|
[
"True, True",
"False, False",
"True, False",
"False, True"
] | 3D
|
abstract_algebra
|
mmlu
|
Tom is thirteen years old. He is in Grade Seven this year. He likes playing football and watching football matches. And he often reads newspapers. He does his best to know when and where there is going to be a football match. Now Tom is having lunch and he is also reading newspapers. He is very happy because there is going to be a nice football match on TV at four this afternoon. He wants to watch it very much, but he is going to have English and maths lessons in the afternoon. He thinks hard and finds a way. "Hello, Mrs Black,"Tom says to his teacher on the telephone."Tom is ill in bed. He wants to ask for half a day's leave ." "Oh, I'm sorry to hear that,"says Mrs Black."But who is that?" "It's my father, Mrs Black,"Tom answers. Which grade is Tom in?
|
[
"Grade Seven.",
"Grade Eight.",
"Grade Nine.",
"Grade Six."
] | 0A
|
elementary_mathematics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Treatment for HIV has become more widespread, especially in poorer countries. It's also become cheaper, as medicine companies have lowered their prices for life-saving anti-retroviral drugs . But these drugs are still expensive and many countries are looking to create the biggest impact with limited resources. That's where World Health Organization guidelines come in, says Rochelle Walensky, a disease researcher from Harvard. Walensky and her colleagues used computer programs to model the most cost-effective disease interventions , as well as collected data from clinics in Africa and India about what works best. They found that among the choices of what to do first, earlier anti-retroviral therapy improved five-year survival dramatically and resulted in the longer life expectancy. But cost-effective doesn't always mean affordable, especially for governments in poor countries. Countries still have to make difficult choices about how much treatment they can afford. People in Nairobi, Kenya on Thursday, Dec. 9, 2010, protest a potential free trade area agreement between the EU and India that could see cheap anti-AIDS drugs phased out . However, Walensky notes that first-line anti-retrovirals--those medicine given to newly diagnosed patients that can keep away from symptoms for years - are much cheaper than they were a decade ago. "Second-line therapy have come down quite a bit but not to the level of first-line and countries are having a hard time affording them and increasingly over time, people are going to fail first-line therapy and they're going second-line therapy and then, eventually, they're going to need third-line therapy, some of them." According to Walensky, history has shown that drug prices can come down when international pressure is applied to drug makers. But for now, she says, countries should focus on treating as many people as they can, as early as possible Her paper is published in the online journal PLoS Medicine. The passage serves as a(n) _ to Rochelle Walensky 's study.
|
[
"assessment",
"comment",
"introduction",
"background"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the part whose main job is to direct an animal cell's activities by sending instructions to different parts of the cell.
|
[
"cytoplasm",
"cell membrane",
"nucleus"
] | 2C
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Which element is most likely to form an ion with a negative 2 charge?
|
[
"oxygen",
"nitrogen",
"beryllium",
"magnesium"
] | 0A
|
high_school_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What shows that as the amount of food an animal eats decreases , that organism will become thinner?
|
[
"outline of ribs is clearly visible on starving mammals",
"thin organisms are usually invertebrates",
"all thin animals lack proper nutrition",
"animals that have little food are dying"
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Taking a picture of your tongue with a mobile phone could soon instantly tell you how healthy you are. Researchers believe the images can reveal important information about a patient's health and even give them early warning of serious illness. A team at the University of Missouri is developing a system that can analyze pictures using a 5,000-year-old Chinese principle, which is based on the flow and balance of positive and negative energies in the body, and uses the tongue as a key to learning about a person's physical health, or "zheng" according to Chinese medicine. "Within a year, our goal is to create an application for smart phones that will allow anyone to take a photo of their tongue and learn the status of their zheng," said Dong Xu, chair of MU's Computer Science Department in the College of Engineering and the co-author of the latest study. The software analyzes images based on the tongue's color and coating to distinguish between tongues showing signs of "hot" or "cold" zheng. Shades of red and yellow are associated with hot zheng, whereas a white coating on the tongue is a sign of cold zheng. "Hot and cold zheng doesn't refer directly to body temperature," said Xu, "Rather, it refers to a series of symptoms associated with the state of the body as a whole." For the study, 263 gastritis patients and 48 healthy volunteers had their tongues analyzed. The gastritis patients were classified by whether they showed infection by a certain bacteria as well as the intensity of their gastritis symptoms. In addition, most of the gastritis patients had been previously classified with either hot or cold zheng. This allowed the researchers to test the accuracy of the software's analysis. "Our software is able to classify people based on their zheng status. And as we continue to work on the software we hope to improve its ability," said another co-author Ye Duan, "Eventually everyone will be able to use this tool at home using webcams or smart phone applications, which will allow them to monitor their zheng and get an early warning about possible _ ." According to Chinese medicine, zheng refers to _ .
|
[
"one's body temperature",
"the physical health of a person",
"the possible disease of a person",
"the color and coating of one's tongue"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
It can be rude to talk politics over dinner...explicitly at least. But subtle linguistic cues might reveal more than you think about your political views, whether at the dinner table--or on Twitter. "There's a lot of information in the details of our language." Matthew Purver, a computational linguist at Queen Mary University of London. "The little words we use, the way we join together our sentences, and the kind of interactional patterns, where we react to other people." Purver's research team used Twitter as their communications forum, randomly selecting 28,000 users, half of whom clearly followed one political party's Twitter feeds, for example, @GOP, but not the other, for a more or less even split among Republicans and Democrats. Then they analyzed the words in those users' timelines during a two-week period in June 2014. As you might expect, the tweets of users who followed Republican accounts were a lot more likely to contain words like "obamacare" and "benghazi," whereas "bridge gate" came up more among Democratic followers. But the researchers also found that the left-leaners were much more likely to use words like sh#& and fu@$ than were the righties. And whereas Republican followers preferred plural pronouns like "we" or "us," Democratic followers used more singular pronouns, like "I" or "me.". That pronoun use could reflect previous work on how people on the right and left forge their political views. "People on the right end of the political spectrum are more likely to be concerned with group conformity. Whereas people who tend to be on the left are perhaps more likely to see their morals or their values deriving from individualistic ideas, if you like." The study is in the journal PLoS ONE. Of course, just following a political account is not proof of political belief. But these findings suggest that algorithms may increasingly be able to read between the lines, detecting nuances in human communication that even we humans can't perceive. What is the meaning of "There's a lot of information in the details of our language." ?
|
[
"Information can be conveyed through the way of word combination, sentence pattern, etc. explicitly or implicitly.",
"We convey our meaning directly through language.",
"People say what they want.",
"Language is the only way we convey our meaning."
] | 0A
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A polar bear has thick wooly fur so that he may
|
[
"become a mop",
"showoff",
"clean the ice",
"thrive"
] | 3D
|
high_school_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which change best matches the sentence?
A piece of rock from outer space hits Earth.
|
[
"deposition",
"meteorite crash",
"erosion"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Picky eaters may have good reasons for their behaviour. No matter why your child has become picky, how you handle the situation can affect his or her future. Therefore, you should know the following reasons for picky children first of all. _ is common in children; it often happens at the dinner table. Some children just refuse to try new food because they don't know what it will taste like, while others dislike new food before even smelling it. Some children take it to the extreme and will only eat a few foods that they like. Psychologist Dr. Elizabeth Capaldi says that, by the time children reach the age of two, they have formed their own eating habits that they don't want to be disturbed by new offerings at the table. A newly published study led by Dr. Lucy Cooke of University College London showed that picky eating in children results from genetic and environmental causes. The research, which followed the eating habits of 5,390 pairs of twins between the ages of 8 and 11, found that about 75% of the neophobia in the children was from their parents, while 25% was due to the influence of environment. Children grow at a high speed during their first year, but that fast-paced growth tends to slow down by their second year. When children are not experiencing one of those fast growth periods, their body needs less energy; and that results in a smaller appetite . When children are not hungry, they tend to enjoy only food they like. They refuse new food and food that is not their favourite. Some children will limit the amount of food to only one kind, like hamburgers or pancakes, leaving all the other foods untouched. In some cases, many real reasons why a child behaves as a picky eater exist. About 5% of children who are 10 years of age or younger have some type of neurological dysfunction that influences their eating habits. These children may be easily hurt by some special smells, or their brain may not be able to process such sensory information properly. What can we learn about the study led by Dr. Cooke?
|
[
"It paid more attention to the environmental effects on children's eating habits.",
"It followed the eating habits of 5,390 children aged between 8 and 11.",
"It showed that genetics greatly affect children's eating habits.",
"It suggested that parents should have good eating habits."
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don't give friendship back. That is why some friendships do not last very long. To have a friend, you must learn to be one. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules. Be honest; be generous; be understanding. Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you do not tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven't been honest you may lose your friends' trust. Good friends always depend on one another to speak and act honestly. _ means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You do not have to give your lunch money or your clothes of course. Instead you have to learn how to share things you enjoy, like your hobbies and your interest. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to a friend. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them you help your friend know you better. Sooner or later every one needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve . Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend's place so you can understand the problem better. No two friendships are ever exactly alike . But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friends, you must practise honesty, generosity, and understanding. According to the passage honesty is _ .
|
[
"something good",
"the base of friendship",
"as important as money",
"more important than anything else"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
If you feel at present that you don't have enough friends in your life, one reason may be that you have let yourself become too busy to make time for the relationships you already have. Starting and keeping friendship require effort and commitment(,,). Many of us let our lives become so busy with work and other commitments that we don't get around to scheduling time for pleasure and renewal with the friends, relatives and acquaintances we already have. Making the effort to call your friends more regularly and to accept more of the invitations you receive from others can improve your social life in a hurry! Are there any people you could call right now and be assured of a pleasant welcome? Are there people that you could depend on to help you in time of difficulty? Can you have close talks with them? Do you have fun when you are together? Are you happy to have them in your life? If you haven't seen much of them lately, is it because you have become too busy? Have you grown apart? Was there an argument? If the main reason you haven't been getting together with the people you already know is that you have gotten too busy, take a good look at how you spend your time. Compare it with your real values and priorities in life. Is your busy lifestyle really bringing you the quality of life that you want? If you have become too busy for friends, why has this happened? Are you seeking material joys in your life at the expense of relationships with other human beings? Have you allowed your time to be over-committed because you never say ''No" to anyone? Do you insist on doing things yourself that could be _ o others? If so, why? Do you believe that everything depends on you? Examine whether the way you are now spending your time exactly reflects your deepest values and priorities. Make sure that you schedule enough time for the things that are truly most important to you. If you really want to keep friends in your life, make a space in your schedule, and a space in your heart for them. In this passage the author mainly discusses _ .
|
[
"how to balance friendship and work",
"how to spend our spare time",
"whether we should keep friendship",
"whether we should invite friends to dinner"
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Most middle school students find it boring to learn English. But students in Yat Sen middle school in New York, US, don't think so. Why? Because they are in the school of One Program, which asks students to work on their own or in small groups on computers to have math lessons. "The program gives the students a new learning style. No traditional classroom can compare with it. We give each lesson according to the students' interest and their strong and weak points," said JoelI. Klein, the school's head teacher, "we're looking for a new way that interest students children." Students enjoy these math lessons, especially lessons with video games. They must find out the answers to math problems to get through the game. One such game is Dimension M. As students move through mazes with their keyboards, some questions come up. Caleb Deng had to answer the question: What is 5+ (6x3)? He _ on paper quickly because there was just a minute left to play. " I was right," said Deng, 14, as he ended the game with a high score . "this really makes math lessons more exciting, since we are fighting to learn better." Caleb Deng's story serves as an example to show _ .
|
[
"how students work in small groups",
"how to end a game with a high score",
"how the question 5+(6x3) should be solved",
"how students learn math through video games"
] | 3D
|
elementary_mathematics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A few years ago, when I was still in high school, I met a wonderful and warm teacher. At that time in my life, there were many changes to adjust to, apart from the usual teenage troubles. My parents had divorced, so my elder brother and I had chosen to stay with my dad. Due to the fact that he was keeping the house, we didn't have to move. During this time, my teacher took a special interest in me. Being my English teacher, she encouraged my mind to travel to creativity I had long given up. She brought me out of the shell I built. She became my mother, my older sister, my friend and my teacher. The one thing she couldn't do though was to make me more girly as growing up with only my dad and brother made me a real tomboy. Sometimes, I would be really immature , especially if she was scoring me less than others on purpose. She knew I could do better than what I was handing in and so pushed me to extend further than limits. When I finished school and then after college I was about to leave my hometowns she gifted me a watch that every second, with my pulse, should remind me of the one person who will forever wait and love me without reservation. Time has passed and our friendship is distant, but in my heart, soul and mind, she is the closest I ever got. The writer behaved herself like a boy because _ .
|
[
"she needed the love of mother",
"she wanted to learn from her father and brother",
"she lived with only men all the time",
"her English teacher didn't care about her"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In this chapter's Senior View, Martha Steward says that theories are very wrong if they claim that
|
[
"Everyone gets sick when they get old",
"Our fates are in the hands of powerful other",
"You can avoid senescence",
"There is no upper limit on life span"
] | 0A
|
human_aging
|
mmlu
|
What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn't _ for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can and preserve much of the food they consume. Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that every has the ability to control what's on their plate. Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. "I got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs and foods for that fresh flavor,"she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods. "I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm," Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that "anybody can do this anywhere." Got an apartment with a balcony ? Plant some herbs. A window? Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because "they're very forgiving." Just a little of the herbs "can take your regular cooking to a whole new level," she added. "I think it's a great place to start." "Then? Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea." Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food. Loe noted, there's a moment when it's bursting with its absolute peak flavor. "I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar," Loe said. "Canning for me is about knowing what's in your food, knowing where it comes from." In addition to being more in touch with the food she's eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: "Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding _ ," she said, "that if we don't take care of the earth, no will." According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods?
|
[
"It can preserve their best flavor",
"It can promote her online sales",
"It can better her cooking skills",
"It can improve their nutrition"
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
People often ask me how, as a man, I became so devoted to improving the quality of women's lives. It wasn't until age forty that I realized what had started me down my career path. One morning more than thirty-seven years ago, I was awakened by the passing school bus. I was thirteen years old, living at home with my two younger brothers and our mother, Doris Joy Heavin. She had just passed her fortieth birthday. She was a mother of five children and had suffered emotional and physical problems most of her life. Her doctor had tried various treatments on her with little benefit. As I awoke to the sound of the passing school bus, my brother Paul came in and told me that I'd better come quickly because mother was sick. As I knelt beside her bed, I could feel the absence of warmth. I put my arms around her, first to feel for a sign of life, and then as a final hug. I took my younger brothers, aged eight and nine, in my arms and gently told them that our mother was in heaven. Her death was unnecessary. The high blood pressure causing the blood clot that took her life was unnecessary. Rather than _ , she could have dealt with the cause of her high blood pressure: we now know that exercise and proper nutrition will almost always reduce the causes of high blood pressure and most other chronic diseases. Many years later, while teaching a fitness and weight loss class to a group of about eighty women, I realized I was subconsciously searching the crowd for the face of my mother. Why did the author think his mother's death was unnecessary?
|
[
"Because her blood clot wasn't a deadly disease at the time.",
"Because his mother wouldn't have died if she had a job.",
"Because her high blood pressure could have been prevented.",
"Because his mother was not treated in the local hospital."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which type of scientist would study the relationship between simple machines and energy?
|
[
"chemist",
"biologist",
"physicist",
"geologist"
] | 2C
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Recent developments in astronomy have made it possible to detect planets in our own Milky Way and in other galaxies. This is a major achievement because,in terms,planets are very small and do not give out light. Finding planets is proving hard enough, but finding life on them will prove _ more difficult. The first question to answer is whether a planet can actually support life. In our own solar system,for example,Venus is far too hot and Mars is far too cold to support life. Only the Earth provides ideal conditions,and even here it has taken more than four billion years for plant and animal life to evolve . Whether a planet can support life depends on the size and brightness of its star, that is its "sun". Imagine a star up to twenty times larger, brighter and hotter than our own sun. A planet would have to be a very long way from it to be capable of supporting life. On the contrary, if the star were small,the life--supporting planet would have to have a close orbit round it and also provide the perfect conditions for life forms to develop. But how would we fund such a planet? At present, there is no telescope in existence that is capable of detecting the presence of life. _ . It is impossible to look for life on another planet using earth--based telescopes. Our own warm atmosphere and the heat generated by the telescope would make it impossible to detect objects as small as planets. Even a telescope in orbit round the earth like the very successful Hubble telescope,would not be suitable because of the dust particles in our solar system. A telescope would have to be as far away as the planet Jupiter to look for life in outer space because the dust becomes thinner the further we travel towards the outer edges of our own solar system. Once we detected a planet,we would have to find a way of blocking out the light from its star, so that we would be able to "see" the planet properly and analyze its atmosphere. In the first instance, we would be looking for plant life,rather than "little green men" . The life forms most likely to develop on a planet would be bacteria. It is bacteria that have generated the oxygen we breathe on earth. For most of the earth's history they have been the only form of life on our planet. As Earth-dwellers,we always cherish the hope that we will be visited by little green men and that we will be able to communicate with them. But this hope only exists in science fiction. If we were able to discover lowly forms of life like bacteria on another planet,it would completely change our view of ourselves. As Daniel Goldin of NASA observed,"Finding life elsewhere would change everything. No human efforts or thought would be unchanged by it." What do we know about the kind of planet,other than our own,that might be able to support life?
|
[
"It will orbit closely round its star",
"It will be at least four billion years old",
"Its distance from its star will be such that it has a moderate temperature",
"It will have an atmosphere capable of supporting bacteria"
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Biologists are studying the white-tailed deer population in Ohio. Which question could the biologists most likely answer?
|
[
"How fast does this deer population grow?",
"What percentage of people enjoy watching deer?",
"Does this deer population like warmer states?",
"Should people raise deer as pets?"
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Redwood trees are the tallest plants on the earth,reaching heights of up to 100 meters.They are also known for their longevity,typically 500 to 1000 years,but sometimes more than 2000 years.A hundred million years ago,in the age of dinosaurs,redwoods were common in the forests of a much more moist and tropical North America.As the climate became drier and colder,they declined to a narrow strip along the Pacific coast of Northern Califomia. The trunk of redwood trees is very strong and usually forms a single straight column.It is covered with a soft bark.This bark can be pretty thick,well over two feet in the more mature trees.It gives the older trees a certain kind of protection from insects,but the main benefit is that it keeps the center of the tree harmless from moderate forest fires because of its thickness.This fire resistant quality explains why the giant redwood grows to live that long.While most other types of trees are destroyed by forest fires,the giant redwood actually prospers because of them. Moderate fires will clear the ground of competing plant life,and the rising heat dries and opens the ripe fruit of the redwood,releasing many thousands of seeds onto the ground below. New trees are often produced from shoots,little baby trees,which form at the base of the trunk.These shoots grow slowly,fed by the root system of the "mother'' tree.When the main tree dies,the shoots are then free to grow as full trees,forming a "fairy ring" of trees around the original tree.These trees,in turn,may give rise to more shoots,and the cycle continues. How does a "fairy ring'' form according to the passage?
|
[
"By killing an old tree.",
"By connecting root systems.",
"By inserting holes into old trees.",
"By surrounding a mature tree."
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the solid.
|
[
"grape juice",
"spoon",
"rain"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Millions of American kids come home to or leave an empty house every day. However, parents are increasingly using an existing technology -- home security systems -- to keep an eye on their "home-alone" children. In the early days of home security, the systems were basically designed just to keep the bad guys out. Now, many parents are also using them to make their children safe when they are at home alone. Below are some simple rules for adults to teach their children: Every child should memorize his or her own full name and address, and home, work and cellphone numbers of each parent. Also keep this information posted next to the phone at home. If your child is too young to memorize the information, he or she may be too young to be home alone -- for any time. Teach your child to observe things around him or her when he or she returns to the house. If a door or window is slightly open, the child has any reason to suspect someone has been in the house that shouldn't be, have him or her call you, then wait at a safe house a neighbor offers. Warn your child never to answer the doorbell or telephone when they are home alone. Besides, set a rule that he or she must never play outside the house when no one else is at home. Be sure he or she knows how to disarm and arm your home security system. Program your control panel to give you a message when your child enters or leaves the house, and arms or disarms the system. If your child forgets to rearm the system, you can call him or her with a personal reminder. To learn more about home security systems that can help parents protect their "home-alone" children, visit www.ProtectAmerica.com. Home-alone children are advised to _ .
|
[
"fight bravely with bad guys",
"memorize numbers they see",
"call the police when they are home alone",
"pay much attention when getting home alone"
] | 3D
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Every pet owner loves his pet .There is no argument here. But when we asked our readers whether they would clone their beloved animals , the responses were split almost down the middle . Of the 228 readers who answered it ,108 would clone, 111 would not and nine weighed each side without offering an opinion . Clearly, from readers' response, this is an issue that reaches deeply into both the joy and eventual sadness of owning a pet. It speaks, as well, to people's widely differing expectations over the developing scientific procedure Most of the readers who favored the idea strongly believed it would produce at least a close copy of the original; many felt the process would actually return an exact copy. Those on the other side, however, held little hope that clone could truly recreate a pet; many simply did not wish to go against the natural law of life and death. Both sides expressed equal love for their animals. More of them owned "the best dog/cat in the world". They thought of their pets as their "best friend" or "a member of the family". They told moving stories of pets' heroism, intelligence and selfless devotion. No wonder the loss is so disturbing---and the cloning so attractive. "People become very close to their animals, and the loss can be just as hard to bear as when a friend or family member dies," says Gary Kowalski, author of goodbye, Friend: Healing Wisdom for Anyone Who Has Ever Lost a Pet. "For me, cloning feels like an attempt to turn death away...It's understandable. Death is always painful. It's difficult to deal with. It's hard to accept." But would cloning reduce the blow? This question seems to be at the heart of this problem. As far as the cloning of pets is concerned, a recent survey shows that, of all pet owners, _ .
|
[
"a lot more of them are for it",
"a lot more of them are against it",
"very few of them are willing to tell their opinions",
"about half of them are for it and the other half against it"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Some people like to collect stamps. Others prefer posters or coins. But Pinky Bhutia is different. She collects children. In her mountain village, in Sikkim, she is known as the wonderful young woman who adopts all the children she can. Pinky was 14 when she adopted her first child, a Nepali baby girl, whose patents passed away. Pinky's parents did not mind. Pinky left school and started working full time because she had a baby to feed. Today , she has twelve adopted children, and two sons from her marriage. Pinky is about 30 years old and she comes from a common family. If you passed her on the street, you wouldn't give her a second look. She lives in a brown mud-washed house. There is a vegetable garden outside. Red hens with noisy chicks run all over the garden looking for food. If you ask her why she provides a home to so many kids, she smiles shyly. But her eyes are serious. "I know what it is to be poor and hungry." As a child, her only dream was to eat a full meal, and her favorite amusement was watching people with shoes and imagining what it felt like. By adopting poor and homeless children she is making sure that they never feel that hopeless. Pinky feels very proud when she sees her children happy and bright, Her oldest baby, Aarita Rai, is now 20 years old, Then, there is 19-year-old Nimbe who came to Pinky because her mother was unable to look after her. She started to work in a government office two years ago. Ten-year-old Bhim and 14-year-old Kumar came to Pinky five years ago, after their father's death. They started living on a patch of land given by Pinky and grew vegetables for sale. "I like children. It's not one more mouth to feed but one more soul saved," Pinky says. By adopting those poor and homeless children, Pinky wants to _ .
|
[
"teach them to grow vegetables",
"offer them good jobs",
"make sure they live in hope",
"help them become rich"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Short people, studies have shown , are more likely to have a stroke , suffer from high blood pressures and heart disease and be bullied in school . Now, researchers report that short people--at least in the past--were also more likely to die at a younger age than their taller peers. Their study, published in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health , found that short bones have something to do with short life for more than 1,000 years. The conclusion was based on 490 sets of adult skeletal remains from an archaeological site in northeastern England , YC dating from the 9th century to about 1850 . About 55% of men and 73% of women died before the age of 45, and 39% of men and 56% of women died before age 30. The risk of death before age 30 declined as bone length increased. "This study provides evidence from an archaeological sample that long bone length is connected with age at death--those with smaller bones tend to die younger," according to Dr. D.J. Gunnell of the university of Bristol in the UK and colleagues . While it is not clear why short stature might be linked to earlier death , the researchers point out that height is _ of childhood nutrition, which may have long-lasting effect on health . "Mechanism for height-mortality associations in the past may differ from those today , for example , short stature may have increased the risk of death in childbirth and this may explain the higher risk of premature mortality in women," Gunnell and colleagues write . "However, short bones, it would appear, have always been a marker of a short life," the authors conclude. Which of the following statements is Not true according to the passage?
|
[
"People with smaller bones were more likely to die younger.",
"Women were more likely to die at a young age.",
"Short-stature women bear higher risk of death in giving birth to babies.",
"Most people were more likely to die at the age of 30 in the past."
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What most likely happens when a cold air mass comes into contact with a warm, moist air mass?
|
[
"The sky becomes clear.",
"Rain or snow begins to fall.",
"Cold air is pushed to high altitudes.",
"Warm air is pushed to ground level."
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Paleontologists study
|
[
"Stars",
"Grass",
"Old Animal Feces",
"Cats"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A town built a road through a forest. Deer live in the forest on both sides of the road. Which would not help protect deer from the cars on the road?
|
[
"feeders on the side of the road",
"lights along the side of the road",
"signs telling drivers to be careful of deer",
"bridges that let the deer walk under the road"
] | 0A
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Nectar is a sweet liquid that some flowering plants produce. A hummingbird drinks nectar from a flower. When a hummingbird drinks nectar, pollen from the flower sticks to the hummingbird's beak. The picture shows a hummingbird drinking nectar from a flower. Which statement explains the role of a hummingbird in the life cycle of a flowering plant?
|
[
"A hummingbird carries food to the plant.",
"A hummingbird helps the plant reproduce.",
"A hummingbird protects the plant from predators.",
"A hummingbird makes the flowers produce nectar."
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
As more people have moved to the beach, the sea turtle population has decreased. Which is most likely the cause of this decrease?
|
[
"tropical storms",
"increase in predators",
"habitat loss",
"warmer temperatures"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Based on this information, what is Thor's genotype for the fur color gene?
|
[
"orange fur",
"FF"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
You hear this,"No wonder you are fat.All you ever d0 is eat."You feel sad."I skip my breakfast and supper.I run every morning and evening.What else can I do?" Basically you can do nothing.Your genes,not your life habits,determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it. Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that"80 percent of the children of two fat parents become fat,as compared with no more than 14.percent of the children of two parents of normal weight." How can obese people become thinner through dieting? Well,dieting can be effective.but the health costs are great. Jules Hirsch,a research physician at Rockefeller University,did a study of eight fat people.They were.given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.After more than 10 weeks,the subjects lost on average 45 kg.But after leaving the hospital,they all regained the weight. The results were surprising:by metabolic measurement,fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving.They had psychiatric problems.They dreamed of food or of breaking their diet They were anxious and depressed.Some wanted to kill themselves.They hid food in their rooms. Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn't result in normal weight,but in an abnormal state lust like that of starved non.obese people. Thin people, however,suffer from the opposite.They have to make a great effort to gain weight Ethan Sims of the University of Vermont got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight.In four to six months--they ate as much as they could.They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent. But months after the study ended,they were back to normal weight and stayed there. This did not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight.It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly 1ower their weight. The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true--each person has a comfortable weight range.The range might be as much as 9kg.Someone might weigh 60--69kg without too much effort.But,going above or below the natural weight range is difficult.The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing.the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks. The story is mainly written to_.
|
[
"point out the relations between our body and mind",
"warn us it's extremely harmful to reduce or gain our weight",
"tell us that it's difficult to make a significant change in our weight",
"stress that dieting 1s a recommended way to help you reach your desired weight"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When the switch in a simple series circuit is closed, what happens to the light bulb that the electricity is flowing to?
|
[
"the light cracks",
"the light goes off",
"the light burns out",
"the light comes on"
] | 3D
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
WASHINGTON -- Patients with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, often develop vitamin deficiencies . A new study has found that giving these patients a multivitamin with a mineral supplement helps to fight the disease and slows the disease's progression. Sub-Saharan Africa has always been the center of the AIDS. In Botswana, despite aggressive prevention campaigns, one out of every four adults is infected with HIV. Professor Marianna Baum based her latest research there. Baum recruited almost 900 newly infected adults who had not yet received the anti-AIDS drugs that target the virus. These adults were then divided into groups that randomly received different combinations of vitamins B, C and E, the mineral selenium or a placebo . Most patients with HIV become deficient in these vitamins, which help improve immunity . Baum said she initially thought the multivitamins alone or selenium alone would be effective in strengthening the immune system, but found that incorrect. "We were surprised to find that only the combination was effective," said Baum. Research shows that when people with HIV receive anti-retroviral drugs shortly after infection, they can remain healthy and are less likely to pass the virus to others. For many countries, however, the cost of these anti-AIDS drugs is still prohibitive. Baum said the vitamin and mineral combination treatment should help low income countries better control the virus. "A simple multivitamin supplementation with selenium provided early in HIV disease can actually slow the HIV disease progression and it is safe. It is low cost and it should be provided very early in HIV infection," said Baum. Baum said the supplements are not meant to replace anti-retroviral therapy, but can help those who cannot obtain the drugs. Dr. Anthony Fauci, a world famous expert on AIDS, disagrees. "I haven't read the paper, but having taken care of HIV-infected individuals for three decades, I would doubt that vitamins are going to have a major effect on stopping the virus," said Fauci. Fauci said vitamin and mineral supplements may make a patient generally healthier, but the only thing that truly works to stop HIV is anti-retroviral treatment. Baum's study was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. Which of the following is effective to fight HIV?
|
[
"Selenium and a placebo",
"Vitamins alone",
"Anti-retroviral treatment",
"Minerals alone"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Electricity to play your radio can be made using renewable or nonrenewable resources. Which of the following resources are renewable?
|
[
"wind and oil",
"wind and sunlight",
"natural gas and oil",
"natural gas and coal"
] | 1B
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the solid.
|
[
"milk",
"water in a fishbowl",
"rain puddle",
"beans"
] | 3D
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Wind is the great maker of waves. There are exceptions , such as the tidal waves sometimes caused by earthquakes under the sea. But the waves most of us know are caused by winds blowing over the sea . Now let's learn some physical things about it. A wave has height, from low point to high point . It has length --the distance from this high point to that of the following wave. The period of the wave means the time it takes for succeeding high points to pass a fixed point. None of these things stays the same--for all depend upon the wind, upon the depth of the water and many other matters. The water that makes up a wave does not advance with it across the sea. Each drop of water turns around in a little circle with the passing of the wave, but returns very nearly to its original position . And it is lucky that this is so. For if the huge groups of water that make up a wave really moved across the sea, sailing would be impossible. If we want to find the speed of a wave, we may use the following way : Speed =" wavelength" x frequency . Here, wavelength is the distance between two high points , frequency means the number of cycles per second The speed of Wave 1 is 100 cm/s, frequency 10. The frequency of Wave 2 is 300, while its speed is twice that of Wave 1. Which of the following is right?
|
[
"The wavelengths of the two are equal.",
"The wavelength of Wave 1 is 10 times longer than that of Wave 2.",
"The wavelength of Wave 2 is longer than that of Wave 1.",
"The wavelength of Wave 1 is longer than that of Wave 2."
] | 3D
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
It's not quite a rat. Nor is it a squirrel, or a mouse. It's definitely a rodent , and it's also a brand-new family of mammals. The locals of the Southeast Asian country of Laos call the creature a kha-nyou (ga-nyou). The kha-nyou have long body hair, short legs, and a hairy tail less thick than a squirrel's. They're vegetarians living in the rocky hills of Laos, and they come out at night, but for more information, you'll have to ask the Lao people. "It was for sale on a table next to some vegetables. I knew immediately it was something I had never seen before," said Robert Timmins, a researcher for the Wildlife Conservation Society. Timmins was working in Laos to stop people from selling endangered animals when he spotted the species. Criminals who trade illegal wildlife can make a lot of money, but they also push the animals closer to disappearing from the planet. The kha-nyou live in karsts, or rough rock. Mark Robinson, a scientist with the World Wildlife Foundation, set out with Lao villagers to find a few more of the rodents for study. They climbed onto a karst, trapped with rice, and caught several. "To find something so unusual in this day and age is just extraordinary," said Timmins. "For all we know, this could be the last remaining animal family left to be discovered." It's a big deal to discover an entirely new family of animals. Humans, for instance, belong to the same family as great apes, chimpanzees, and gorillas. So even though kha-nyous look like rats, they're really very different. The last time scientists discovered a new family of mammals may have been in the 1970s, when they found new bats in Thailand. Timmins seems to have the gift for finding new animals in Laos--he discovered a new species of rabbit there in 1999. Scientists call the kha-nyou Laonastes aenigmamus, which means "mysterious mouse that lives among the stones."But if that's too hard, Timmins and Robinson suggest you call them "rock rats". Which of the following cannot describe the new species of rodent?
|
[
"They live among the rocky hills of Laos.",
"They live on meat of other animals.",
"They look like rats but are of different kind.",
"They are of the latest discovery of a new species."
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to perform euthanasia --that's to say, doctors are permitted to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. Word that the law was passed by the vote of 15 to 10 immediately flashed on the Internet and was picked up by John, the director of the Right to Die Society of Canada, who posted it on the group's homepage online, saying, "This isn't merely something that happened in Australia. It's world history." The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill Law has left physicians and citizens trying to deal with its moral and practical influence. Some have breathed sighs of relief; but others, including churches, right to life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the law. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia--where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part--other states are going to consider making a similar law. In the U. S. and Canada, where the right to die movement is gathering strength, _ . Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death--probably by a deadly injection or pill--to end suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as incurably ill by two doctors. After a "cooling off" period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill Law means he can get on with living without the disturbing fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. "I' m not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I'd go, because I've watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks," he says. According to the text, which of the following statements is TURE?
|
[
"Patients will ask their doctors for euthanasia if they are afraid of illness.",
"Australia, Canada and the US speak highly of the law of euthanasia.",
"All people in Australia don't share the positive attitude to euthanasia",
"If a patient requests death, he should sign a certificate after 48 hours."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which element makes up most of the air we breathe.
|
[
"carbon",
"nitrogen",
"oxygen",
"argon"
] | 1B
|
college_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which is an example of a different substance being formed?
|
[
"glass breaking",
"metal melting",
"water freezing",
"wood burning"
] | 3D
|
high_school_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which is able to create its own nourishment from sunlight?
|
[
"roses",
"deer",
"rainbows",
"water buffalo"
] | 0A
|
high_school_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
It was only a few weeks after my surgery, and I went to Dr. Belt's office for a checkup. It was just after my first chemotherapy treatment. My scar was still very tender. My arm was numb underneath. As usual, I was taken to an examination room to have my blood drawn, again --a terrifying process for me, since I'm so frightened of needles. I lay down on the examining table. Ramona entered the room. Her warm smile was familiar, and stood out in contrast to my fears. She knew about my fear of needles, and she kindly hid the equipment under a magazine. As we opened the blouse, the fresh scar on my chest could be seen. She said, "How is your scar healing?" I said, "I think pretty well. I wash around it gently each day." The memory of the shower water hitting my numb chest flashed across my face. She gently reached over and ran her hand across the scar, examining the smoothness of the healing skin and looking for any irregularities. I began to cry gently and quietly. She brought her warm eyes to mine and said, "You haven't touched it yet, have you?" And I said, "No." So this wonderful, warm woman laid the hand on my chest and she gently held it there. For a long time, I continued to cry quietly. In soft tones she said, "This is part of your body. This is you. It's okay to touch it." But I couldn't. So she touched it for me. The scar. The healing wound. And beneath it, she touched my heart. Then Ramona said, "I'll hold your hand while you touch it." So she placed her hand next to mine, and we both were quiet. That was the gift that Ramona gave me. When Ramona examined my healing skin, _ .
|
[
"she was careless",
"she hurt me",
"I started to cry",
"she was in tears"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
College provides an important platform for the future professional life.The grades speak well about the kind of student you are and will also determine the chances of further studies.You cannot do all things at one time.At time you need to decide what to do according to their importance.This is one good skill that you will be requiring even after graduation. There are few tips to help you at college: Just find the place where you will not be disturbed.Grab your reading material,note pad, pen and other necessities.Distraction is a biggest hurdle in focusing.You need to ask yourself what distracts you the most.Is it music from the neighbors,presence of someone at home, internet or anything else? Try to be aware of your weakest points and then stay away from them as much possible during your study time.The distraction may also include your friends and some other things.It is only you who can decide that what is best for you. When you are ready for studying,then arrange the reading material and decide what things you need to study first.Put maximum time on your weak and major subjects.Set aside your minor ones for few hours as you know that these are comparatively less important than the majors. Make a realistic study plan which you can follow and stick to it.There is no point of making all 8hr study schedule daily as you know that it's not possible for you.Start the preparation at least 4 weeks before the exams. While making a study plan,don't forget the breaks after every 90minutes of study.It will help your eyes to relax and focus in an effective manner.Make a checklist of small milestones and put this on your table so you can see them frequently.When you are done with one or more cross them from the list and focus on the new ones. What is the most important thing in college according to the text?
|
[
"Doing all things at one time.",
"Getting high scores in all fields.",
"Attaining good skill in the exams.",
"Deciding what to do based on their importance."
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Humans may not have landed on Mars just yet, but that isn't stopping a European company from devising a plan to send four people to the Red Planet within the next few years. This project, called Mars One, aims to send a small group of people to Mars in 2022 and eventually establish a permanent colony on the planet. "Everything we need to go to Mars exists," said Mars One co-founder Bas Lansdorp in March 2014. "We have the rockets to send people to Mars, the equipment to land on Mars, the robots to prepare the settlement for humans. For a one-way mission, all the technology exists." Yet the four astronauts chosen for the trip will be stuck on Mars--forever. And despite Mars One's thorough planning, there are a number of challenges that may prevent the mission from ever taking place. The biggest road block could be the mission's huge cost ($6 billion). However, Lansdorp is confident that Mars One will be able to fund the project by selling the broadcast rights for the mission and subsequent experiences living on the planet. Those broadcast rights will also play a part in helping to select the people who will be sent to Mars. Lansdorp said the company will hold a selection process similar to a reality show. Lansdorp is expecting at least 1 million applications from people around the world. In addition to the cost, several other potential problems could inhibit the mission to Mars. "It's even more challenging to send people there with life support, with food, with air, with all the other things like books, entertainment, means of communication and of providing for their own resources for a long stay on Mars," said Adam Baker, senior lecturer in space engineering at Kingston University in London. "The size of the rockets you'd need to do this would be absolutely _ " According to Project Mars One, humans could send four people to Mars within the next _ years.
|
[
"seven",
"eight",
"ten",
"six"
] | 1B
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When people think of food in the United States, they think mostly of fast foods like hamburgers and hot dogs. In fact, in the U.S. cities like New York and Los Angeles, there are thousands of different kinds of restaurants with foods from all over the world. So if you like to try different foods, the United States is the place for you. The United States has people from all over the world, and they bring with them typical foods from their countries. You can eat tempura in Japanese restaurants, tacos in Mexican restaurants, paella in Spanish restaurants, pasta in Italian restaurants, and you can also eat America's most popular food, pizza. Yes, pizza! Pizza is from Italy, but today it is an important part of the U.S. menu. There are about 58,000 pizzerias in the United States--that's about 17% of all restaurants in the country, and the number is growing. The United States has eating places for all tastes--and all pockets. You can buy a hot dog on the street and pay one or two dollars. Or you can go to a four-star restaurant and pay $200 for a dinner There are many different kinds of food in America because _ .
|
[
"Americans have different eating habits",
"cheap foods like hamburgers and hot dogs are less popular than before",
"more and more tourists from other countries visit America",
"Americans are from different countries of the world"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which object is powered by an electrical circuit?
|
[
"a drum",
"a flashlight",
"a matchstick",
"a wind-up toy"
] | 1B
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Humans aren't the only ones getting a buzz from coffee.Caffeine can improve memory among honeybees and lead to better pollination .According to a recent study published in the journal Science. The study was conducted by a team of researchers at Newcastle University in the United Kingdom.They found that the nectar of some flowers,such as those from grapefruit and lemon plants,as well as certain coffee flowers,contains low doses of caffeine.To get bees to feed on these flowers,the team trained the insects to associate food with the smell of the flowers.They also trained another group of bees to feed on nectar from flowers that were sweetened with a sugar, but did not contain caffeine.After 24 hours,the bees trained on caffeinated flowers returned to these plants three times as often as those trained on the sweetened flowers returned to the uncaffeinated plants. Professor Geraldine Wright led the researchers."Remembering floral traits is difficult for bees to perform at a fast pace as they fly from flower to flower and we found that caffeine helps the bee remember where the flowers are,"Wright said in a statement. Improved memory led to the better pollination.That's because once bees sip the caffeine nectar, they continue to look for more coffee plants to pollinate.This also suggests that caffeine plays a role in improving the bees'ability to search for food. Researchers found that caffeine's effect on the bee brain is similar to its effect on mammals."The change is similar to that produced by caffeine in neurons associated with learning and memory in the rat brain,"Wright said. Bee populations have declining since 2007.The dramatic drop in the insects'numbers has serious effects for ecosystems and the farming industry.Bees are needed in the reproduction of crops and spreading wild flower species.Understanding what keeps bees buzzing could help to make sure that the insects are able to remember and pollinate their favorite flowers. Which of the following relationship is correct according to the passage?
|
[
"improved memory--caffeine nectar--better pollination",
"caffeine nectar--improved memory--better pollination",
"improved memory--better pollination--caffeine nectar",
"caffeine nectar--better pollination--improved memory"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Global Positioning Systems are now a part of everyday driving in many countries. These satellite-based systems provide turn-by-turn directions to help people get to where they want to go. But, they can also cause a lot of problems, send you to the wrong place or leave you completely lost. Many times, the driver is to blame. Sometimes a GPS error is responsible. Most often, says Barry Brown, it is a combination of the two. We spoke to Mr. Brown by Skype. He told us about an incident involving a friend who had flown to an airport in the eastern United States. There he borrowed a GPS-equipped car to use during his stay. Barry Brown: "And they just plugged in an address and then set off to their destination. And, then it wasn't until they were driving for thirty minutes that they realized they actually put in a destination back on the West Coast where they lived. They actually put their home address in. So again, the GPS is kind of 'garbage in garbage out'." Mister Brown says this is a common human error. But, he says, what makes the problem worse has to do with some of the shortcomings, or failures, of GPS equipment. Barry Brown: "One problem with a lot of the GPS units is they have a very small screen and they just tell you the next turn. Because they just give you the next turn, sometimes that means that it is not really giving you the overview that you would need to know that it's going to the wrong place." Barry Brown formerly served as a professor with the University of California, San Diego. While there, he worked on a project with Eric Laurier from the University of Edinburgh. The two men studied the effects of GPS devices on driving by placing cameras in people's cars. They wrote a paper based on their research. It is called "The Normal, Natural Troubles of Driving with GPS." It lists several areas where GPS systems can cause confusion for drivers. These include maps that are outdated, incorrect or difficult to understand. They also include timing issues related to when GPS commands are given. Barry Brown says to make GPS systems better we need a better understanding of how drivers, passengers and GPS systems work together. What would be the best title for the text?
|
[
"driving with GPS can be difficult",
"driving confusions can be caused by small screen",
"driving without GPS should be much more convenient",
"GPS equipment in driving: to be deserted or improved?"
] | 0A
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Men have always believed that they are smarter than women. Now, a study has found that while this is certainly true, men also have to deal with the fact that they are also more stupid than the fairer sex. In the study, scientists measured the IQ of 2500 brothers and sisters and they found an uneven number of men not only in the top two percent, but also in the bottom two percent. The study's participants were tested on science, maths, English and mechanical abilities. Though there were twice as many men as women in the smartest group, there were also twice as many men among the bottom. The aggregate scores of men and women were similar. One of the study's authors, psychology professor Timothy Bates, said that the phenomenon may be because men have always been expected to be high achievers and women have been restricted to spend more time taking care of their homes. "The female developmental program may be tilted more towards ensuring survival and the safety of the middle ground.," the Daily Mail quoted Professor Bates, of Edinburgh University, as saying. The research _ past results that men were more likely than women to receive first class University degrees or thirds and women secured the seconds. It has been said that men are more ready to take risk when it comes to academics. Women have always found to be steadier in their learning. A past study has shown that women are securing more firsts and seconds, while men are continuing to receive more thirds. The argument for the change is that the increase of coursework at the cost of exams favors women's steady approach. It can be inferred from the passage that _ .
|
[
"Women are steadier in their learning.",
"men are more ready to take risk in everything",
"women are securing more firsts and seconds",
"women are doing much better in academy"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The world's biggest Internet search engine, Google, has proven once again to be King of the Web. Users can download "Google Wi-Fi" software and then enjoy free Wi-Fi service available in some US cities since last Tuesday. Wi-Fi is short for "Wireless Fidelity" . It allows laptop computers and personal digital assistants to the Internet at high speed by radio signal. A person with a Wi-Fi enabled computer can connect to the Internet when near one of the network's access points. The place covered by one or several access points is called a hotspot. Google has already set up two "hotspots" in the US city of San Francisco which provide a free Wi-Fi service. The Wi-Fi technology even allows users to enjoy a free Internet phone service. Some scientists argue that Wi-Fi may replace mobile phone networks. Wi-Fi is still limited to a few cities, where there are "hotspots". But its capability of sending information has already done better than that of the mobile phone network, even that of 3G(Third Generation Telecommunication Technology). Some scientists have started to call Wi-Fi 4G. In addition to a high speed Internet connection, Wi-Fi has other advantages compared to mobile phones. Wi-Fi is global. The same Wi-Fi system works in different countries around the world. Different from using cell phones, you don't need to change computers to use Internet phones when you go to other places and most importantly, many Internet phones cost you nothing at all. Which of the following is NOT true of Wi-Fi?
|
[
"The high speed Internet connection.",
"Many free Internet phones.",
"Being used in all the US cities.",
"Using the same computers for Internet phones when you go to other places."
] | 2C
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
insulation for the purposes of moving electrons involves
|
[
"conductor wrapped wire",
"insulator wrapped insulator",
"non coated metal",
"insulation encompassed wire"
] | 3D
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Why Are Pig Farmers Still Using Growth-Promoting Drugs? It's one of the most controversial practices in agriculture: feeding small amounts of antibiotics to animals in order to make them grow faster. But what if the drugs don't even work very well? There's some good evidence that they don't, at least in pigs. They used to deliver a boost in growth, but that effect has disappeared in recent years or declined greatly. The reason for this is interesting and even paradoxical. Researchers think the antibiotics used to work by suppressing low-grade infections. In recent years, however, pork producers found other ways to accomplish the same thing through improved hygiene . As a result, the drugs have become largely superfluous -- yet many farmers still use them. To understand how this happened, you have to step back in time, says Steve Dritz, a specialist in pig nutrition at Kansas State University. Sixty years ago, when antibiotics were new, "people started treating animals, and feeding [the antibiotics], and finding that they had increased growth rates and feed efficiencies," he says. Nursery-age pigs, for instance, grew 12 to 15 percent faster with antibiotics. The animals also needed less feed to reach full weight. Other studies showed similar results in chickens and cattle. In the 1980s, a new set of studies found similar effects. So the growth-promoting effects of antibiotics became standard practice among meat producers. Fast forward to the 1990s. Dritz was starting his career as a scientist at Kansas State University, and pork production was changing dramatically. Previously, pigs were born and raised in one barn or in several barns close together. This meant infections could easily pass from one generation to the next, the way that kids share germs between their friends on the playground and their parents at home. Under the new system, when piglets are weaned, they move to a whole different place. That new site is carefully scrubbed and free of disease. Craig Rowles, who runs a large swine operation in Carroll, Iowa, shows me one such room. There's not a piglet in sight. "This room just got completely washed and disinfected, and now it's going to sit here and dry for a while," he says. A whole group of pigs will come in here together, and later they will move out together to yet another site. "That group of pigs will stay together until they go to market," Rowles says. The groups are kept strictly separated from each other. If workers move between the groups, they first have to change their boots. When farmers adopted multisite production, it cut down on disease -- and pigs actually grew faster. Pigs were more easily infected in the past because _ .
|
[
"they used antibiotics",
"they were always close together",
"they were raised on the playground",
"they moved from one farm to another"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Passage 1 The Information Highway is the road that links computer users to a large number of on-line services: the Web,e-mail,and software,to mention just a few. Not long ago,the Information Highway was a new road,with not many users. Now,everyone seems to want to take a drive, with over 30 million families connected worldwide. Not surprisingly, this well-traveled highway is starting to look like a well-traveled highway. Traffic jams can cause many serious problems,forcing the system to close down for repair. Naturally,accidents will happen on such a crowded road,and usually victims are some files,gone forever. Then,of course,there' s Mr. Cool,with his new broad-band connection,who speeds down the highway faster than most of us can go. But don' t trick yourself:he pays for that speeding. Passage 2 Want to know more about global warming and how you can help prevent it?Doctor Herman Friedman,who is considered a leading expert on the subject,will speak at Grayson Hall next Friday. Friedman studied environmental science at three well-known universities around the world before becoming a professor in the subject. He has also traveled around the world observing environmental concerns. The gradual bleaching of the Great Barrier Reef,which came into the public eye in 2002,is his latest interest. Signed copies of his color1ful book,which was p ublished just last month,will be on sale after his talk. How does Mr. Cool manage to travel the Information Highway so fast?
|
[
"By storing fewer files.",
"By repairing the system.",
"By buying a better computer.",
"By using a broad-band connection."
] | 3D
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In eukaryotic organisms, interaction between which organelles is most important for cell shape, tensile strength, and communication between cells?
|
[
"cytoskeleton and cell membrane",
"cytoplasm and Golgi apparatus",
"nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum",
"ribosome and central vacuole"
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the invertebrate.
|
[
"lionfish",
"penguin",
"julia butterfly",
"grizzly bear"
] | 2C
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
What are nutrients a source of energy for?
|
[
"water",
"whales",
"stars",
"plastids"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Good nutrition and a balanced diet will help your children grow up healthily .No matter how old your kids are , you can take steps to improve nutrition and to encourage smart eating habits .Here are some suggestions. Family Meals Family meals are comforting for both parents and kids. Children like to guess what they are going to have and parents get the chance to introduce new food to children and to find out which food they like and which ones they don't. Teens may turn up their noses at your plan of a family meal. It is not surprising because they're trying to establish independence. Yet studies find that teens still want their parents' advice, so use the mealtime as a chance to reconnect. Stocking up on healthy food Kids, especially younger ones, will eat mostly what they can get at home. That's why it's important to control the supply lines -- the food which you serve for meals and have on hand for snacks. You should have enough fruits, vegetables, lean meat and other good sources of protein, such as eggs and nuts, and healthy snacks, such as yogurt, peanut butter and whole-grain biscuits. Being a good example The best way for you to encourage healthy eating is to eat well yourself. Kids will follow the lead of the adults they see every day. By eating fruits and vegetables and avoiding fast food and sugary drinks, you'll be sending the right message. No conflicts over food Parents might find themselves shouting at children to get them to have healthy food in front of them. This in fact can make children dislike what they are aske d to eat. Get kids included Most kids will enjoy making the decision about what to make for dinner. Talk to them about making choices and planning a balanced meal. It can help them make good decisions on their own about the food they want to eat. According to the passage, which should NOT be done by parents?
|
[
"Form a healthful eating habit themselves.",
"Force kids to have vegetables.",
"Stock up on some fruits at home.",
"Make meal plans with kids."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Friends are important in our lives, but how to keep our friendship is more important. Here are some ways for you. Write letters If your best friend moves to other cities, you could buy the same magazine, E-mail, phone or write each other about the articles in the magazine that make you laugh. This will make you have the same interest. Don't forget to visit each other as often as you can. Think of your friends first What are your friends' thoughts, dreams, hopes and fears? What are her past experiences ? From these, you could think of ways to support your friends. You put your friend first, she or he feels special, and you both grow closer to each other. Gifts from the heart Take photos of a whole day or weekend together. Write a short story about your time you enjoyed. Save the movie tickets, restaurant stubs or special gifts you find every place you travel. Put everything in a box you'll keep all the time. Create your own fun ways to keep your friendship if you can. _ makes you and your friends have the same interest.
|
[
"Writing a letters in English",
"Talking about the same magazine",
"Visiting each other often",
"Thinking of your friends first."
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Plastic surgery is becoming popular with young people. But just a few days ago, it took the life of a pop singer in China. Wang Bei, 24, a former singer on Super Girl, died on Nov 15 during plastic surgery in Wuhan, Hubei province. The young singer's jaw suddenly started bleeding during the procedure, blocking her throat and causing her to suffocate. The Ministry of Health stepped in on Nov 27, calling on health authorities all over China to increase supervision of the country's medical plastic surgery industry. It also told the Hubei health department to look into Wang's death and "to make the results of the investigation public as soon as possible" Wang's death has raised concerns about the dangers of plastic surgery in China. In China, people, especially youngsters, are becoming more and more conscious of their looks and are willing to _ to make themselves look more attractive. Today, many young people see plastic surgery as the key to love, wealth and success. Ding Xiaobang, a plastic surgeon at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital, said that in the past decade, he had seen a growing number of patients, like Wang Bei, who were young and naturally good-looking. "They want to improve their appearance to find better opportunities in work and in marriage," said Ding. Zhao, 23, a student at the Beijing International Studies University, spent 3,000 yuan on a eyelid tuck before graduating this year. She said: " Of course I want to look prettier. I want to make a good impression on potential employers." Ding also owed this trend to frustration. "Some are frustrated with life and use surgery as a way to try and recover," said Ding. But a lot of people ignore the risk and danger of plastic surgery. In 12 years as a doctor, Zhu Wenbo from Chengdu has often seen unsuccessful plastic surgeries." I've met several people whose faces were ruined by plastic surgery, and helping them recover is difficult," said Zhu. Being yourself is the most beautiful thing in the world. But if you are considering plastic surgery, here is some advice from experts: 1. Choose qualified hospitals, especially those with a good reputation for plastic surgery. Avoid beauty salons. 2. Do not expect too much from changing your appearance. It can only change your face or another body part in certain ways. And safety should always come first. What is the best title of this passage?
|
[
"The death of Wang Bei.",
"Plastic surgery--better job, better marriage.",
"The price of beauty.",
"Some advice on plastic surgery."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Watercress is positively packed with healthy vitamins and minerals. The writings of both the Romans and the Ancient Greeks record the consumption of watercress by all classes. Hippocrates, "the father of medicine", was so convinced that watercress was a great healer that he built his first hospital next to a stream so that he could grow a plentiful supply of the shiny green leaves for his patients. The Romans chewed watercress in large quantities, believing that it would cure baldness. They, too, looked with favor on watercress as a salad. Watercress sandwiches were traditionally a breakfast item in nineteenth-century Europe. The most basic type of watercress sandwich has two pieces of white bread with a mixture of butter and watercress greens . A nickname for the vegetable, in fact, was "poor man's bread", because watercress was often eaten on its own for breakfast by families that could not afford the bread to go with _ . Watercress is a member of the mustard family. It contains vitamins C(66mg per 100g), K and A, and is also a valuable source of minerals such as iron, potassium, copper and calcium. The mustard oils in its silky leaves and stems contain an ingredient known as PEITC. Recent research has proved that PEITC can prevent the growth of cancer cells and, in some cases, actually destroy them. The best watercress has silky green leaves without any marks and has undamaged stems, The older the plant, the darker are its leaves and the thicker its stems. This means a higher concentration of oils and vitamins. Young watercress, on the other hand, may be harvested after only twenty-eight days growth and has a milder taste. It is best to eat watercress fresh and raw , to keep more of its valuable nutrients, but it can be lightly cooked and used as an alternative to spinach--another dark green vegetable--in various recipes. From soups to salads, watercress is now considered around the world as a natural and healthy super food. What would be the best title for the text?
|
[
"The history of watercress",
"watrcress, a medicinal plant",
"Watercress, the amazing food",
"New findings about watercress"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
During the day we work and play, and at night we sleep. Our bodies rest while we are sleeping. In the morning we are ready to work and play again. When we are asleep, our bodies grow most. When children feel tired and angry, they usually need more sleep. We can get our lessons better, and we feel better, too, when we have enough sleep. Boys and girls, eight or nine years old, need ten hours of sleep every night. Our bodies need plenty of air when we sleep. If we do not get enough fresh air we wake up feeling tired. While in bed we must not cover our heads. If we do, our lungs will not get enough fresh air. If we open our windows at night we can have plenty of fresh air. Cool air is better than warm air. Boys and girls must get plenty of sleep if they want to grow and be strong. Our bodies grow most while we are _ .
|
[
"eating",
"playing",
"sleeping",
"exercising"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Today in schools, it's not unusual for students to sit in the same kind of desks in the same kind of classrooms as their parents did. Schools have made progress by making use of computers and PDAs in the classroom, yet one design company believes that changes are needed, so they describe what a future classroom may look like. "Kids are being taught to sit at these wooden desks that are basically designed for writing," said Mark Dziersk, the senior vice president of the design. "They're being lectured in a structured environment." The solution is a "customizable education system" called Gooru that reorganizes the classroom and replaces books, desks, pens, and so on. The three-part technology system consists of an interactive PDA called the GooBall, a backpack and a removable LCD screen for each student. Students can sit, stand or lie down when using the devices, and are not limited to desks. The idea was presented at last month's South by Southwest Interactive Conference. While some educators think the idea is interesting, they doubt whether schools will pay for the expensive and complicated system. The GooBall is an interactive communication device with six layers of learning software. The device monitors a student's heart rate and body temperature and uses GPS to track where they are. It includes instant messaging, a compass, a watch, and a topic-specific alert system that directs a student to related articles and books about whatever they are studying. Students can also choose an animal icon to show their personality. The backpack houses the main power supply for the system and holds some personal items. The pocket keeps items locked tight with a fingerprint security zipper. The portable screen functions like a laptop, providing wireless Internet access and streaming video. It also has a touch screen interface. "I think it's an excellent idea," said Gary Tankard, a sixth-grader who has seen the prototype . "I'm sure that 90 percent of kids would really like to have it." From the passage we can infer that _ .
|
[
"students must use the mouse to operate the device",
"the device is very cheap to buy",
"students don't need a key to unlock the device",
"the device will be widely used in schools"
] | 2C
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Second Life is a three-dimensional , online world in which computer users can crate a new self and live a different life . Second Life is one of the most popular new online games called " massively multiplayer online role playing games ." These games are also called MMOs , for short . But unlike the other MMOs, Second Life is not about winning or losing . Second Life technically a computer game . But people involved in it do not consider it a game because the players create everything . Second Life is more for socializing and creating communities . Users of Second Life are called residents . To take part , they must create an _ or an electronic image of themselves . Second Life world , residents live different versions of themselves . They build homes , run businesses , buy and sell things , work , play , and attend school . They even have relationships and get married . Second Life was created in two thousand three by Linden Lab in San inprefix = st1 /San Francisco,California. Linden Lab controls the Web site where the ever0vhanging world is being created . There are now about one million people around the world who are active in Second Life . The number has grown quickly since the beginning of the year when there were about one hundred thousand users . The average age of people involved with Second Life is about thirty . However ,. Linden Lab recently created Teen Second Life for younger users . Second Life has its own economy and its own money , calledLindendollars . Millions of dollars are made and spent each month in Second Life Users can enter Second Life free . But they must pay for a membership if they want to own land or buy and sell goods and services . Recently , several major companies have become involved with Second Life . They wanted to be part of the growing business world that exists within the made-up reality . The car makerToyota, music producer Sony BNG , and even Reuters news agency are among businesses now existing within Second Life . Which is NOT true about the Game " Second Life "?
|
[
"A resident in Second Life lives a life somewhat like that of real life",
"The number of users of Second Life is ten times as large as that of 2003",
"You can't enter Second Life until you pay for the entrance fee .",
"To own possessions , a resident has to pay to be a member of the Second Life"
] | 2C
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A student wants to design an experiment regarding the behavior of crickets. Which is the best question to ask to begin the experiment?
|
[
"Do crickets have 6 legs or 8 legs?",
"How long are the antennae of a cricket?",
"Do crickets chirp more during the day or at night?",
"What is the most common cricket species?"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A simple machine like a screw will need
|
[
"a glass of cool water",
"a person adjusting it",
"a truck to move it",
"a wind turbine to function"
] | 1B
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which is harder?
|
[
"glass marbles",
"paper"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Many cultures have different ideas about why people catch colds. For example in the United States, some people think that you can catch a cold if your feet get cold. So, mothers tell small children to wear warm boots in the winter. In other places, including parts of the Middle East, some people believe that strong winds cause colds. So, on trains and buses, people usually don't like to sit next to open windows. In parts of Europe, some people think that wearing wet clothes will give you a cold. They say that after you go swimming, you should quickly put on dry clothes. Today, scientists know that colds are caused by a virus . But the old ideas are still very strong, and many _ . What is the main idea of this reading?
|
[
"People still believe old ideas about why they catch colds.",
"Colds are the biggest health problem in the world.",
"Some people think that strong winds cause colds.",
"You should take good care of your health in winter."
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which object has more thermal energy?
|
[
"a 150-gram cup of black tea at a temperature of 70°C",
"a 150-gram cup of black tea at a temperature of 50°C"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Is the following statement true or false?
The cell membrane is the outermost layer in a plant cell.
|
[
"false",
"true"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
How many times per 365.3 days does an equinox occur?
|
[
"3",
"1",
"2",
"4"
] | 2C
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Mom: Daniel, I need to talk to you about your behavior. Dad and I realize there is probably an explanation for why the house is so dirty, but you shouldn't have run out of the room and closed the door so hard like that. Daniel: Mom, I'm sorry, but I was so angry! You want me to act like an adult but you and dad treat me like a child. Why didn't you just ask me what had happened? Mom: Well, I know that grown-ups are supposed to make good decisions but sometimes we make mistakes. We were angry too. None of us stopped to think and we should have. Can you explain to me now why the house was a mess and what you did with the money we left? Daniel: Spot was sick, Mom. Eric and I didn't want to call you and dad on your vacation, so I used the money you left and some of my own to take him to the vet. We stayed there and waited for him all day. That is why we didn't have time to clean the house. Why did Daniel's mother talk with him?
|
[
"Because Daniel stole the money.",
"Because she wanted to give Daniel a chance to explain.",
"Because Daniel was very angry.",
"Because Spot was badly ill."
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is the smallest unit of an element that still has the properties of that element?
|
[
"an atom",
"a compound",
"an electron",
"a molecule"
] | 0A
|
college_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Are you good with money?I learnt to be careful with it during my childhood. My father would give me some pocket money and tell me it should last for a whole week. So,I learnt I had to save some if I didn't want to run out of cash quickly. No surprise there:my dad was an accountant! It's never too early to become money savvy .That's what British personal finances expert Martin Lewis thinks. He was part of a successful campaign to include financial education on the school curriculum in England. It will be embedded in maths and citizenship education. This includes children from 5 to 16 years old. Lewis says:"We desperately need to break the cycle of financial illiteracy in the UK--one of the causes of our current economic crisis and a huge contributor to continued mis-selling epidemics ." Being careful with money pays off. Banks in Britain recently found themselves having to pay a large number of people who were persuaded to spend money and buy insurance policies they didn't need. Many wasted their money on investments which were not for them. Few have the patience to read the small print. The British say'take care of the pennies and the pounds will take care of themselves'.It means you have to watch your daily expenses and not just the big purchases in your life such as houses. Martin Lewis has made millions from his website which advises people to be thrifty and refuses any suggestion that he is mean. The expert says in an interview with the English newspaper the Daily Express:"the better you are with your cash,the better your life can be. People think I am telling them to stop spending money but I am simply telling them to spend it wisely." The financial education in England aims to _ .
|
[
"educate children to become money savvy",
"avoid continued mis-selling epidemics",
"help children make money",
"deal with the current economic crisis"
] | 0A
|
high_school_microeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The body is able to detect pressure on its surface by which direct means?
|
[
"releasing of hormones in skin",
"changing in volume of fat and muscle cells",
"signaling by sensory neurons",
"changing of voltage in interneurons"
] | 2C
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
My wife and I used to feel that it was impossible to be a true friend to someone whose name we didn't know. How wrong we were! Years of Sunday-morning bus trips through the city with the same group of "nameless" people have changed our thinking. Before the bus takes off, we all join in a conversation: where's the silent woman who sits up front and never responds to our cheery greetings? Here she comes. Her worn clothing suggests she doesn't have much money to spare, but she always takes an extra cup of coffee for the driver. We get smiles from a Mexican couple as they get on the bus hand in hand. When they get off, they're still holding hands. The woman was pregnant late last year, and one day her change of shape confirmed that she'd delivered the child. We even felt a little pride at the thought of our extended family. For many months, our only sadness lay in our inability to _ the same friendship with the silent woman at the front of the bus. Then, one evening, we went to a fish restaurant. We were shown to a table alongside someone sitting alone. It was the woman from the bus. We greeted her with friendly familiarity we'd shown all year, but this time her face softened, then a shy smile. When she spoke, the words escaped awkwardly from her lips. All at once we realized why she hadn't spoken to us before. Talking was hard for her. Over dinner; we learned the stay of a single mother with a disabled son who was receiving special care away from home. She missed him desperately, she explained. "I love him... and he loves me, even though he doesn't express it very well," she murmured. "Lots of us have that problem, don't we? We don't say what we want to say, what we should be saying. And that's not good enough."The candles flared on our tables. Our fish had never tasted better. But the atmosphere grew pleasant, and when we parted as friends--we shared names. All the following statements can describe the woman except _ .
|
[
"poor",
"warm -hearted",
"silent",
"cold"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The Lionfish Invasion! Lionfish are popular saltwater aquarium fish all over the world, especially in the United States. Nowadays, they also live in Atlantic waters off the East Coast of the United States. These lionfish are what scientists call an invasive species or an "alien invader." Local divers off the coast of North Carolina were not expecting to see what they found one day in August 2002--the beautiful lionfish, common to the warm waters of the western Pacific, but unknown of the Carolina coast. They provided the first solid evidence that lionfish were in the Atlantic. A year later, scientists documented 19 lionfish sightings at eight locations along the North Carolina continental shelf. Then, lionfish were observed off the coasts of Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina, and even as far north as Long Island, New York! Between 2000 and 2003, lionfish sightings were reported at 16 different shipwrecks and natural hard bottom locations. During a summer 2004 research expedition, NOAA(The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) scientists collected 155 lionfish at 19 different locations off the North Carolina coast alone. The jump in numbers and distributions over such a short time strongly indicates that the lionfish is reproducing in the Atlantic Ocean. If this is true, it's the first time that a western Pacific fish has populated the U.S. Atlantic coast. These lionfish were likely released on purpose when people no longer wanted them! The swift and warm Gulf Stream, which transported the floating lionfish eggs from Florida northward, helped the lionfish's Atlantic journey. In Florida waters and along the continental shelf near the Gulf Stream the temperatures are very similar to the lionfish's native waters. However, from north Florida upward, the waters along the coastline are too cold in the winter for lionfish to survive. Scientists expect them to survive the winter only at water depths greater than 120ft because this is where the Gulf Stream has influence all year long. Very importantly, the types of predators and competitors present in the Atlantic are very different from the native range of the lionfish. Generally, the lionfish have not been found to endanger marine ecosystems because they were not likely to survive long. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?
|
[
"Lionfish got into the Atlantic Ocean in 2002.",
"Lionfish will not live long in the new environment.",
"Lionfish is a popular aquarium fish in the United States.",
"Lionfish has been populating the waters of the Atlantic Ocean."
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Food safety will become the food industry's key target as the nation tries to adopt international food standards. The National Development and Reform Commission, the Standardization Administration of China, the Ministry of Agriculture and six other departments announced their 2004-05 development programme for national food standards over the weekend. China is conducting a rectification within two years. Inspectors will search for all known banned materials in food production. To reduce trading barriers, China will raise the ratio of adopting international standards in the food industry to 55 percent from today's 23 percent. "Safety is the first consideration for anything entering people's mouth followed by its nutritious value," said Hao Yu, secretary-general of the National Food Industry Standardization Technique Committee. He added the usage of food addictives will be a major field for consideration in setting the new standards. On-the-spot checks during the past two years have shown the abuse or misuse of addictives in food production and processing has become the biggest threat to food safety. In one case, talcum powder was found in flour products, which is outlawed according to national food standards. "At present there are no methods or standards to test the content of talcum powder in flour," said Shang Yan'e, an official with the national watchdog on grain and oil inspections. Under the guidelines, all banned addictives will be recorded as inspections increase, Relevant departments have allocated funds to conduct risk evaluations on current food addictives to fix the limits of their usage. China will adopt international advanced techniques and standards so as to find out the harmful materials in food within a shortest period. What does the passage mainly talk about?
|
[
"Addictives are dangerous to people's health.",
"Chinese food will be as safe as foreign food.",
"New food safety standards are to be fixed.",
"Food safety is a major concern in present China."
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Are you a happy person most of the time? Or do you easily get angry sometimes? Everyone has a different temperament . It is usually be1ieved that both genes and environment may affect people's temperaments in different ways. But now scientists have found that the season of birth also plays a role. Scientists from Budapest, Hungary, studied 400 university students. In the study, the students needed to finish a questionnaire . The purpose of it was to find out which of four kinds of temperaments they most had. From the questionnaire, scientists found that the students always answered something like "My mood often changes for no reason" and "I love to deal with new projects, even if it is risky". These answers were then matched with their birthdays. They discovered that people born in summer easily change between sad and happy moods compared to people born in winter. Those who always feel positive are mostly born in spring and summer. The study also found that those born in autumn less probably had a mood of _ which may easily drive them to cry, while those born in winter were not easier to be angry. Scientists said that this was probably because the seasons had an influence on certain chemicals in the human body. And the chemicals are important to control people's moods even in adult life. _ "It seems that when you are born may increase or decrease your chance of developing certain mood disorders ," lead scientist Xenia Gonda told The Telegraph. What's the best title of this passage?
|
[
"Seasons and Moods",
"The Influence of Genes",
"Moods and Health",
"The Importance of Birthplaces"
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which of the following energy conversions takes place in a battery-operated flashlight?
|
[
"electrical -> mechanical -> light",
"chemical -> mechanical -> light",
"chemical -> electrical -> light",
"nuclear -> electrical -> light"
] | 2C
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Researchers are placing robotic dogs in the homes of lonely old people to determine whether they can improve the quality of life for humans. Alan Beck, an expert in human-animal relationship, and Nancy Edwards, a professor of nursing, are leading the animal-assisted study concerning the influence of robotic dogs on old people's depression, physical activity, and life satisfaction. "No one will argue that an older person is better off being more active, challenged, or stimulated ," Edwards points out. "The problem is how we promote (......) that, especially for those without friends or help. A robotic dog could be a solution." In the study, the robot, called AIBO, is placed for six weeks in the houses of some old people who live alone. Before placing AIBO in the home, researchers will collect baseline data for six weeks. These old people will keep a diary to note their feelings and activity before and after AIBO. Then, the researchers will review the data to determine if it has inspired any changes in the life of its owner. "I talk to him all the time, and he responds to my voice," says a seventy-year-old lady. "When I'm watching TV, he'll stay in my arms until he wants down. He has a mind of his own." The AIBOs respond to certain orders. The researchers say they have some advantages over live dogs, especially for old people. Often the elderly are disabled and cannot care for an animal by walking it or playing with it. A robotic dog removes exercise and feeding concerns. "At the beginning, it was believed that no one would relate to the robotic dog, because it was metal and not furry, " Beck says. "But it's amazing how quickly we have given up that belief." "Hopefully, down the road, these robotic pets could become a more-valuable health helper. They will record their masters' blood pressure, oxygen levels, or heart rhythms. AIBOs may even one day have games that can help stimulate older people's minds. " The purpose of Beck and Edwards' study is to _ .
|
[
"understand human-animal relationship",
"make lonely old people's life better",
"find the causes of old people's loneliness",
"promote the animal-assisted research"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
It doesn't matter if you have one friend or 20, because there are only a few people in this world that can make you truly happy. For me, my family and my three best girlfriends mean everything to me. Some days I didn't want to go to school because I felt so disappointed in myself but I don't regret a thing. It makes you stronger as a person, and if you are able to mend your friendships like I have done, then you can do anything. My mom always told me, "Stephanie, remember that a friend is a gift that you give to yourself. A friend will always be there for the good and the bad. A true friend will never make fun of you. If a friend is a piece of work, then he or she has never been a friend at all. A friend is the biggest gift to you." Everyone is going to make mistakes but please don't push them away, especially if it's someone you really care about. I know when I make mistake I beat myself up about it. I just wish someone would have reached out a hand to help me back up on my feet like my best friend did. If someone is new or doesn't have a friend, please reach out and befriend them because that small action could mean the world to them. Now that I'm older, I understand what my mom has been trying to tell me, and now I know that the friends that I choose will also be the kinds of friends that I would want to be surrounded by forever. According to the passage, which is WRONG?
|
[
"Making friends with some lonely people will bring them warmth",
"Your friend should not make mistakes in face of you.",
"Mother told me what friend is.",
"You should care about your friend."
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which egg has less thermal energy?
|
[
"the colder egg",
"the hotter egg"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
When Lady Gaga releases a new, pleasing and easily remembered single, it quickly goes around the world. Now scientists have discovered the same thing happens with the songs of another creature----the humpback whale. The mammals become absorbed by new tunes just like people do, and the most popular original whale songs spread globally like hit singles. Male humpback whales are famed for the loud, long and complicated songs they make during the mating season. Each song lasts for 10 to 20 minutes and the males can sing nonstop for 24 hours. At any one time, all the males in a population sing the same song. But a study shows that this song changes over time and spreads around the oceans. Dr. Ellen Garland of Queensland University, said: "Songs move like cultural communication from one population to another, causing all males to change their song to a new version." Researchers recorded songs from six neighboring populations of whales in the Pacific over a decade. They found that new versions of the songs appear over time and always spread from west to east. It takes two years for songs that appear in the waters off Australia to be heard in French Polynesia. Most of the new songs contain material from the previous year mixed with something new. " It would be like getting an old Beatles song together with U2," she said. " Occasionally they completely throw the current song out of the window and start singing a completely new song". Dr. Garland believes that a small number of whales may migrate to other populations carrying the new songs with them, or that they are heard by passing whales. The researchers suspect whales adopt new songs to make themselves distinct. Dr. Garland said: " we think this male search for new songs is in the hope of being that little bit different and perhaps more attractive to the opposite sex." According to the text, male humpback whales sing new songs to _
|
[
"follow the fashion.",
"attract female whales.",
"communicate with each other.",
"get accepted by another population."
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
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