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A student accidentally drops a test tube that breaks when it hits the floor. Which method is the best way to retrieve the broken glass?
|
[
"pick up the pieces with a paper towel",
"use a chemical spill kit",
"use a dustpan and broom",
"pick up the pieces by hand"
] | 2C
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
What does the word "heart" mean? Strictly speaking, a heart is an organ of the physical body which pumps blood into the organism . The term "heart", however, extends to more than the physical body. When lovers separate, one will often claim to have a broken heart, yet remain living. A sad gent or lady will often grasp the area between the ribs at the center of the chest, and moan in sorrow over the lost lover. Physical or not, the heart in _ is also something that pumps life into the emotional body. "Don't lose heart," says a friend to another who has been discouraged by one of life's many trials. Now how can anyone lose a heart? I ask. Easily, by getting discouraged. Again, the heart becomes a symbol of pumping life into a system but not a physical one. When one gets to the heart of the matter, she gets to its center - which gives its meaning. When people beg, "Have a heart," they are asking you to be kind - hearted - to recognize the soul in another. Having a heart - to - heart talk means sharing something from the center of our being with someone else. Speaking from the heart always impliescommunicating from what is real andessentialin our lives. Perhaps the most common definition of the word "heart", therefore, should recognize that "heart" is something essential to every human being, whether it is physical or not. If you would like to have a heart - to - heart talk with someone,_.
|
[
"you will follow the other's advice without hesitation",
"you will give your own opinion in a direct way",
"both of you will be honest as well as open minded",
"both of you will talk about others' affairs instead of yours"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
On school nights, lots of kids have to do their reading before they are allowed to watch TV. Pretty soon, you might get to do both at the same time, in true Harry Potter style. Several companies are racing to produce electronic paper and ink, complete with colors and moving imagines . One idea would be to create a newspaper like The Daily Project in the Harry Potter books. Its pages would hold video clips of baseball games instead of just black-and-white photos. Electronic paper is not a new idea. A company in Massachusetts called E ink, for example, has been working for years on such a technology. Little electricity determines whether each microsphere looks black or white at any given time. Together, microspheres make up words and imagines. The techniques seems promising for creating still imagines that can be changed when needed, but the process is too slow for good videos. Scientists in the Netherlands now report a new type of e-paper technology. By using layers of oil, the requirements. They can also make images which change fast enough to meet standard video requirements. They can also make brilliant colors,. So far, however, each image is smaller than the fingernail. For now, reading and watching TV will have to return two separate activities. Keep your eyes open, though, in the future, TV watching and reading might be part of the same work. According to the passage, kids soon can _
|
[
"be allowed to watch TV",
"watch TV while doing their homework",
"watch Harry Potter on TV",
"be allowed to read a newspaper"
] | 1B
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What do these two changes have in common?
compost rotting
cooking a pancake
|
[
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling."
] | 2C
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
What do you do if you are hit in the mouth and one of your teeth is knocked out? A dentist may be able to put the tooth back in for you, but you have to get to the dentist first.In the meantime, you have to store the tooth so that it will stay healthy. The simplest thing to do is put the tooth back into your mouth, or you could put it in milk.Frank Courts, a dentist at the University of Florida, worked with other researchers to find the safest way of keeping knocked-out teeth.He tried putting teeth into milk, into water, and into cell-culture medium .He also tried, just drying the teeth in the open air.He used teeth that had to be removed from people's mouths for various reasons.The teeth were put into one of the solutions or stored in the air for one hour.Then cells from the root of the teeth were scraped-off the teeth.Dr.Courts and the others then studied how healthy these cells were. The cell-culture medium worked best to keep a knocked-out tooth healthy outside the mouth.However, few people keep cell-culture medium handy at home or in school. The next best thing was milk.But Dr.Courts said that the best thing of all was to wash the tooth and put it right back into its socket in the mouth.For some people, though, this is just too painful or upsetting.So milk will do, until you get your tooth (and your mouth)to a dentist. The best way to keep a knocked-out tooth healthy outside the mouth is to store it_.
|
[
"in cell-culture medium",
"in milk",
"in water",
"in the open air"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Sophie has a scar on her left elbow.
|
[
"acquired",
"inherited"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Our world is a noisy place, but quiet places remain. Eight years ago, audio engineer Gordon Hempton identified the quietest place in the continental United States. He calls the place "One Square Inch of Silence." He has used his symbolic spot in a northwestern rain forest to campaign against noise pollution. But the self-described "Sound Tracker" is now going deaf. For Gordon Hempton, it started with an experience known to many people. "I was lying in the bed in the springtime about a year ago. The sun was shining. The birds could be singing. They should be singing. But I was hearing none. I knew my life was going to be different." Hempton's eyes get watery as he describes his cruel situation. More than 20 years ago he trademarked his nickname as "The Sound Tracker." Sharp hearing defined his career as an Emmy award winning sound recordist. It also led to his activism against noise pollution. He has circled the globe three times in search of the perfect sounds of nature. Hempton says his hearing loss is quickly getting worse but he has to finish his project. "I am running a race to finish the Quiet Planet collection." That's the title of a planned 19-volume set of nature recordings. The sound tracks could be licensed for use in movies, video games, exhibits, plays and the like. Volunteer assistants now help Hempton review and edit sound files and identify imperfections. The exact cause of his hearing loss is not clear. Doctors say it may be the result of an infection, or a tumor or a combination of things. Hempton is self-employed. His health care plan does not pay for hearing loss treatment. So, for now, he's directing his attention to completing his "greatest hits" album. "After I get it finished, I have an economic cash flow to get my hearing back. That's the first thing on my to-do list." He's hopeful his hearing loss can be recovered. What contributed most to his successful career?
|
[
"Travelling experiences.",
"His reliable assistants.",
"His sharp hearing.",
"The sounds of nature."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Mozilla has shown off a prototype for a $25 (PS15) smart phone that is aimed at the developing world. The company, which is famed mostly for its Firefox browser , has partnered with the Chinese low-cost chip maker Spreadtrum. While not as powerful as more expensive models, the phone will run apps and make use of mobile internet. It would appeal to the sorts of people who currently buy cheap "feature" phones, analysts said. Feature phones are highly popular in the developing world as a halfway point between "dumb" phones --- just voice calls and other basic functions --- and fully-developed smart phones. Mozilla hopes that it will take an early lead in a market that is now being targeted by mobile phone producers who see the developing world as the remaining area for massive growth. It will face fierce competition from bigger, more popular brands, however --- with more announcements of this kind expected over the course of the next couple of days at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona. "These solutions expand the global accessibility of open web smart phones to first-time and entry-level smart phone buyers by reducing the time and cost required for handset makers to bring these phones to market," said Spreadtrum in a press statement. Mozilla said the phone "redefines" the entry-level phone market. The concept of a cheap smart phone may seem likely to appeal to consumers in developed countries, particularly those who locked into long contracts in order to pay part of the cost of the likes of the Apple iPhone and Samsung Galaxy range. But analyst Carolina Milanesi, from Kantar World panel, said it should not be seen as a competitor. Which of the following held a negative attitude towards the cheap smart phone?
|
[
"Mozilla.",
"Spreadtrum.",
"Samsung.",
"Carolina Milanesi."
] | 3D
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
It's exciting to imagine how future humans will have solved the problems we have now, or what amazing new inventions will make our lives more convenient and interesting. We asked top scientists to share their predictions on what the world will be like in a century. If they're right, the 2114 is going to be really cool. 1. Robots will do your chores and more Robots will be doing most of our jobs, from building homes to teaching math. There are already robots that clean floors and pump gas. In the future they will be more complicated and useful. Unfortunately, with robots taking all the jobs, unemployment will be high. 2. You will read minds. Speaking of being social, we will communicate in an entirely different way. Forget texts and emails. Mind-reading technology will allow us to send thoughts to each other without speaking a word. We will also be able to send thoughts to objects around us. (Instead of pressing "start" on the microwave, you could just think "start.") Meanwhile, chips implanted(in our brains will improve memory and intelligence. 3. Your car will drive you Today, around 30,000 Americans die in car accidents each year. One hundred years form now, accidents will be a thing of the past. According to Mark Safford, consultant or the U.S. Department of Transportation, future cars will drive themselves. These electric cars will communicate with other cars on the road to travel safely in close formation at high speeds. 4. You will eat fake meat. Raising animals is not an efficient way to produce food, and it harms the environment: Cows, chickens, and pigs eat a lot, and then we have to deal with all that poop(. What's more, that poop can up poisoning lakes, rivers, and streams. Today, scientists can "grow" meat in a lab from animal cells, but it's expensive and not very delicious. In the future, they will have perfected the process. You'll order hamburgers that come from factories, not cows. Scientists may even find ways to make lab-grown meat tastier and healthier than the real thing. According to the passage, in the future cars will be _ .
|
[
"less popular",
"more expensive",
"much easier to operate",
"much smaller and lighter"
] | 2C
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
a battery converts chemical energy into electrical energy to power a
|
[
"sponge",
"rock",
"stapler",
"calculator"
] | 3D
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The scene in the Hollywood movie The Day After Tomorrow, when global warming could soon turn the global climate into a new ice age, may never occur, according to a new research. The next ice age could be 15,000 years away, say European scientists who last month announced a continuous record of 740,000 years of climate data obtained from the Antarctic ice. Scientists from 10 nations have now almost completely drilled through a 3,000-meter depth of ice high in the Antarctic mainland. They figure out that the area, where summer temperatures can fall to - 40degC, has at least 900,000 years of snowfalls, kept as neatly as the growth rings of a tree. And the ice and air caught in each layer have begun to answer questions about the climates in the past.. The results show that there have been eight ice ages in the past 740, 000 years and eight warmer periods. And by comparing the pattern of global conditions today with those of the past, the researchers reported in Nature that the present warm period could last another 15, 000 years. Research suggests that there is a very close connection between greenhouse gas levels and global average temperatures. It also shows that carbon dioxide levels are the highest for at least 440,000 years. "If people say to you: 'the greenhouse effect is a good thing because we would go into an ice age otherwise,' our data say no, a new ice age is not hanging over our heads," said Eric Wolff from the British Antarctic Survey. "Now we have eight examples of how the climate goes in and out of ice ages... and you can learn what the rules are that go into the climate models that tell us about the future." Scientists found that whenever temperatures rose in the frozen record, so did carbon dioxide level. "In 440,000 years we have never seen greenhouse gas get as thick as it is today," said Dr Wolff. The information of the global climate conditions in the past can be obtained through _ .
|
[
"separating carbon dioxide from the air",
"examining the growth rings of trees",
"comparing temperatures in different areas",
"studying the ice and air caught in each layer"
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A thing which ferns have in endless supply when expanding is
|
[
"oil",
"dirt",
"darkness",
"castor"
] | 1B
|
high_school_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
one inherited characteristic of fur is it's
|
[
"value",
"hue",
"weight",
"length"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which is true about the Sun and Earth?
|
[
"Earth gives light and heat energy to the Sun.",
"Earth gives only heat energy to the Sun.",
"The Sun gives light and heat energy to Earth.",
"The Sun gives only light energy to Earth."
] | 2C
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
When you hear the word "farm", chances are you picture rolling hills in the country covered with cows and cornstalks. Some scientists, engineers and city planners say the farms of the future could rise straight into the air---in skyscrapers in the world's most populated cities. It might sound far--fetched, but in fact, some of the technology for growing crops indoors already exists. The scientists at the South Pole research station enjoy fresh salads every day from vegetables they grow in their own greenhouse. And NASA has been experimenting for years with methods for growing fresh fruits on the moon or even on Mars. As is known, traditional farming takes a plot of land as big as the entire state of Virginia just to grow enough food for 8 million people, says ecologist Dichson Despommer. Cities that can't grow their own food are often influenced by disasters such as hurricanes that can make it impossible for trucks to deliver fresh produce to grocery stores. In addition, fruit and vegetables grown outdoors face all kinds of dangers, from flooding to insect pests to weather instability, such as late or early frosts that can damage a crop. "You can control everything indoors. You can't control anything outdoors," Despommier says. To top it off, by the year 2050, the world population will grow by another 3 billion. "Where will we grow the food for all these people?" Vertical farming----growing crops in skyscrapers, tens of stories high----is the answer," says Despommier. Others say _ could provide new uses for hundreds of abandoned buildings in cities around the world. Crop waste, like leaves, would be composted , and the gases given off from composting would be used to heat the building. "I'd say it is going to be tough," says agriculturist Giacomelli. It can be tricky to regulate climate conditions indoors. Plus, plants differ in their weather and lighting requirements. Tomatoes like warm, sunny weather, while greens like lettuce prefer cooler temperatures. And nearly all crop plants require lots of sunlight. What attitude does Giacomelli have towards the vertical farming?
|
[
"Positive",
"Negative",
"Uninterested.",
"Uncertain"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
If you experience great stress in your life on a frequent basis, you're not alone. Nowadays, stress is almost a given fact of life. Actually, a certain degree of stress can have positive effects on us. But if stress continues over a long period of time, the effects on the body can be harmful, resulting in health problems and stress-related illness, including heart attack and stroke. Stress is a normal reaction by the body to what it perceives as a threatening situation or environment. Short-term reactions may include an increase in heart rate as well as a rise in blood pressure. A person under short-term stress may feel nervous, anxious and even experience shortness of breath. Other reactions can include a dry mouth, quick heartbeat, sweating, stomach upset and diarrhea. When stress is long-term and becomes more chronic in nature, it can cause more serious health-related problems, including regular headaches, back pain, weight changes, sleep difficulties, changes in mood and so on. Chronic stress can also result in memory problems, including difficulty remembering new information and the inability to quickly deal with old information. No matter how your body reacts to stress, ignoring the problem can have serious health results. Not surprisingly, more women than men openly seek the help of their family doctors or other health care experts when they are experiencing stress or stress-related illness. Men are more likely to refuse to admit the problem or attempt to self-treat it, which may contribute to higher rate of drug and alcohol addiction seen in men exposed to chronic stress. There's no doubt that stress is a fact of life and is likely to remain a part of our fast-paced society. Although stress can't be completely _ , methods of dealing with stress-related issues, in my view, can be developed so that the effects of stress on the body are avoided, so people won't be so easy to suffer stress-related illness. What does the author advise people to do when stress hits them?
|
[
"They should ignore it.",
"They should learn to deal with it on their own.",
"They should turn to drugs and alcohol for relief.",
"They should seek more methods of dealing with it."
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Personal computers and the Internet give people new choices about how to spend their time. Some may use this freedom to share less time with certain friends or family members, but new technology will also let them stay in closer touch with those they care most about. I know this from personal experience. E-mail makes it easy to work at home, which is where I now spend most weekends and evenings. My working hours aren't necessarily much shorter than they once were but I spend fewer of them at the office. This lets me share more time with my young daughter than I might have if she'd been born before electronic mail became such a practical tool. The Internet also makes it easy to share thoughts with a group of friends. Say you do something fun see a great movie perhaps-and there are four or five friends who might want to hear about it. If you call each one, you may tire of telling the story. With E-mail, you just write one note about your experience, at your convenience, and address it to all the friends you think might be interested. They can read your message when they have time, and read only as much as they want to. They can reply at their convenience, and you can read what they have to say at your convenience. E-mail is also an inexpensive way stay in close touch with people who live far away. More than a few parents use E-mail to keep in touch, even daily touch, with their children off at college. We just have to keep in mind that computers and the Internet offer another way of staying in touch. They don't take the place of any of the old ways. The use of E-mail has made it possible for the writer to _ .
|
[
"spend less time working",
"have more free time with his child",
"work at home on weekends",
"work at a speed comfortable to him"
] | 1B
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
We have dreams almost every night. Do you ever notice the colors of your dreams? Do you dream in black and white or do you dream in yellow, red and green? New research suggests that the type of television you watched as a child has a great effect on the color of your dreams. While almost all people under 25 dream in color, thousands of people over 55, all of whom were brought up with black and white TV sets, often dream in monochrome . "It suggests there could be a critical period in our childhood when watching films has a big impact on the way dreams are formed", said Eva Murzyn, a psychology student at Dundee University in Britain who carried out the study. Research from 1915 through the 1950s suggested that the vast majority of dreams are in black and white. But the tide turned in the sixties, and later results suggested that up to 83 percent of dreams contain some color. Since this period also marked the transition between black-and-white film and TV and Technicolor ,an obvious explanation was that the media had been painting people's dreams. However, there weren't any firm conclusions. But now Miss Murzyn believes she has proven the link. She made a survey of more than 60 people, half of whom were over 55 and half of whom were under 25. She asked the volunteers to answer a questionnaire on the color of their dreams and their childhood exposure to film and TV. She then analyzed her own data. Only 4.4 percent of the under-25s' dreams were black and white. The over-55s who had had access to color TV and film during their childhood also reported a very low proportion of just 7.3 percent. But the over-55s who only had access to black-and -white media reported dreaming in black and white about a quarter of the time. Even though they would have spent only a few hours a day watching TV or films, their attention and emotion would have been heightened during this time, leaving a deeper imprint on their mind, Miss Murzyn told the New Scientist. "The crucial time is between three and ten when we all begin to have the ability to dream", she said. In which magazine can you find the article?
|
[
"New Scientist",
"Psychology Analysis",
"Aging Healthily",
"TV And Film Reviews"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A new study says one part of the human brain may become smaller as the result of a condition known as jet lag. Jet lag results from flying long distances in an airplane. Jet lag interferes with a person's normal times for sleeping and waking. People with jet lag may feel extremely tired for several days. They also may have problems thinking clearly and remembering. Kwangwook Cho is a researcher at the University of Bristol in Britain. He reported the findings of his jet lag study in the publication Nature Neuroscience. The study involved twenty young women who worked for international airlines. The women had served passengers on airplanes for five years. These flight attendants flew across many countries and at least seven time zones. In the study, the flight attendants had different amounts of time to recover from jet lag. Half the women spent five days or fewer in their home areas between long flights. The other half spent more than fourteen days in their home areas. Mister Cho took some fluid from the women's mouths to measure levels of a hormone that increases during stress. He tested them to see if they could remember where black spots appeared on a computer screen. And he took pictures of their brains using magnetic resonance imaging. This is a way to measure the size of the brain's temporal lobes. It was found that the women who had less time between flights had smaller right temporal lobes. This area of the brain deals with recognizing and remembering what is seen. The same group performed worse and had slower reaction times on the visual memory test. And their saliva samples showed higher levels of stress hormones. Mister Cho says he believes the brain needs at least ten days to recover after a long trip. He says airline workers told him their ability to remember got worse after working on planes for about four years. Other studies have shown that increased feelings of stress can cause a loss of cells in the part of the brain that controls memory. Scientists say more tests are needed to study the effects of jet lag on the brain. They want to find out if too much jet lag could permanently affect memory. What is the subject discussed in the test?
|
[
"The cause of jet lag.",
"A story of a group of flight attendance.",
"A research about the effects of jet lag on the brain.",
"The importance of having enough rest after long flights."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
As A/H1N1 continues to spread, experts from the Centers for Disease Control to the World Health Organization to neighborhood doctors are calling on the people to practice smart flu prevention techniques. Here are some tips to keep body improved and immune system ready to fight infection. Wash Your Hands And wash them often, in hot soapy water, and for the amount of time it takes you to sing "Happy Birthday" twice. Get Enough Sleep This means slightly different things to different people, but try to get 8 hours of good rest each night to keep your immune system in top flu-fighting shape. Keep Hydrated Drink enough water each day to clear poisonous matter from your system and keep up good moisture production in your body. Eat Immune-Improving Foods Keeping you body strong and ready to fight infection is important in flu prevention. Fatty foods can slow your metabolism , make you feel inactive, and weaken your immune system. So stick with whole grains, colorful vegetables, and vitamin-rich fruits. Avoid Alcohol Alcohol is likely to decrease your resistance to infections and further damages the immune system. So avoid alcoholic drinks to keep your immune system strong. --------------------------? Proper exercise-for example walking for 30-40 minutes 3-4 times a week-supports the immune system by increasing circulation, oxygenating the body, removing poisonous material through sweat, and reducing tension and stress. So get moving! Avoid Contact with Sick People If you're coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth(and then wash your hands),and if you have to be around someone who is sick, try to stay a few feet away from them and avoid physical contact. Know When to Get Help A/H1N1 can look like regular flu, so don't feel like you necessarily are infected if you're exhibiting flu-like symptoms . But do go to your doctor if you live in an area where there are recorded cases, or if your symptoms are very serious. The passage seems to suggest that we should _ .
|
[
"get enough sleep after eating fatty foods",
"wash hands with soap after a cough or sneeze",
"drink more water after drinking alcohol",
"see a doctor immediately if you have flu-like symptoms"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Do you often feel lonely? What do you do when you feel that way? Hide yourself away and spend your time reading, watching TV or walking around? You might think that feeling lonely is just like feeling happy, sad or scared -- that it's just one of your various moods. That is true. However, if you let yourself be lonely for too long without dealing with it, you could be making a serious mistake. Doctors have known for some time that feeling lonely is bad for the mind. It can lead to mental health problems such as depression, stress and reduce confidence. "Being lonely means not feeling connected or cared for, but it's not about being mentally alone," Lisa Jaremka, scientist from Ohio State University, US, told Live Science in January. And there's growing evidence that not having friends is connected with physical illness as well. In 2006, for example, scientists studied 2,800 women who had cancer. They found that those who had few friends or family were five times more likely to die of their disease than women with many social contacts. Also, even healthy people had a better chance of falling ill if they felt left out by others, according to the BBC. The results have scientists thinking that loneliness might hurt the immune system , which protects the body from diseases. Hoping to prove this theory, Jaremka and her research team put volunteers through a stress test. During the test, volunteers were asked to make an unprepared speech in front of a group of stony-faced people. The researchers found that volunteers who said they were lonely in their daily lives felt more stress during the test. And their blood samples showed that all the stress had managed to cause harmful changes to their immune system. "Loneliness has been thought of in many ways as a chronic stressor -- a socially painful situation that can last for quite a long time, " explained Jaremka, who led the study. The number of people suffering from loneliness is increasing all over the world. However, solving the problem is easier said than done. It won't work to just "tell anyone to go out and find someone to love you", said Jaremka. "We need to create support networks." We can conclude from the article that _ .
|
[
"loneliness has become the No. 1 killer in the world",
"loneliness is increasing due to advanced technologies",
"websites must be set up to help people deal with loneliness",
"much more work needs to be done to fight loneliness"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What information supports the conclusion that Nellie inherited this trait?
|
[
"Nellie's parents have dark skin. They passed down this trait to Nellie.",
"Nellie and her father both have dark hair."
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
A 1. 6-meter tall robot may soon become the best friend for lonely elderly people,as Chinese scientists are making the final sprint toward its market launch ,said a senior researcher on the robot project on Saturday. "We are working on testing the exact functions and ways to reduce the cost in preparations for an expected market launch of the robot in two to three years,"said Li Ruifeng,a member of the project. He said the team hoped to reduce the cost so that the robot can be priced at 30,000 to 50,000 yuan,which is expected to be an affordable price for most of China's better-off families. The robot has been developed with the functions of fetching food,medicine,sounding alarms in case of water or gas leakage,sending texts or video images via wireless communications,and even singing a song or playing chess to entertain its masters. Li said that the robot,developed independently in China, has technology at the same level as those in western labs. China set about the research of the robot in 2007,when it was listed as a national key project. It is _ by government funding . China has the world's largest elderly population with 159 million people over 60,accounting for 12 percent of its total population. According to a survey by the Ministry of Civil Affairs,more than 10 million caregivers and nurses are needed to attend the elderly population,as most of Chinese elderly prefer to live their retired lives at home. The author wrote the passage to_.
|
[
"advertise a robot caregiver to the elderly",
"tellprefix = st1 /Chinaelderly not to worry about their life",
"explain how robot caregivers work in the future",
"introduce a newly-developed robot caregiver"
] | 3D
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Before leaving work, Steve Lee likes to use his cell phone to turn on his heat and air condition system at home. So by the time he gets through traffic into his front door, the temperature inside is perfect. You may wonder what a so-called smart home can do inside. Lee works for a company called Smarthome. com, testing and living with many of his company's home automation gadgets , like this multifunction touch screen that controls devices around the house and even connects to the Internet traffic cameras. "I have cameras, and they follow all the way down the freeway to work, "said Lee with pride, "What's going on at home when you are away? No problem, install some wireless cameras and controllers and from any computer in the world with an Internet connection, you can watch your house. " "You can check on the house, and I can look at the temperature. Believe it or not, if I want to turn on lights ahead of time, I can, "added Lee. We sat in Steve's California kitchen and with the right password, turned on the kitchen counter lights at his boss' house in Wisconsin. Steve did have permission to log on . "If you do know the password and you want to play a trick on your wife, you could turn lights on and off remotely. " This new technology, which can automatically turn on water sprinklers when humidity is low, or turn off a pool pump when it is not in use, is no longer expensive. Several hundred dollars for a basic system is enough and it is not hard to install. Sure the convenience is nice but many people who like the security advantages like making sure kids are safe with the help of camera monitors and bedside alerts. "I can notice that maybe one of my children wakes up in the middle of the night once the light switch is turned on. " What a smart home can't do is get you a snack and you have to leave the couch for that. What can be inferred from this passage?
|
[
"Steve's boss trusted him very much.",
"Steve doesn't like to play jokes on his family.",
"Steve could log on his boss' home because he had been given the key.",
"It's expensive and difficult to apply a basic smart home system."
] | 0A
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The earth makes its way around the sun. Because of the constant rotation, the appearance of these is unlikely to be regular.
|
[
"the moon",
"the oceans",
"celestial bodies",
"the sun"
] | 2C
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Complete the statement.
Ozone is ().
|
[
"an elementary substance",
"a compound"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Most of us have gone away from "mad men" in the street, only to realize that they are in fact using a Bluetooth headset. Now a new University of Pennsylvania study shows that muttering can actually help people find lost objects--in other words, saying the name of an object helps you find it more quickly. Previous work has suggested that speaking aloud while performing step-by-step tasks, like tying shoelaces ,can help kids guide their behavior and let them focus on the job in hand. However, scientists were not sure if speaking aloud when performing tasks could help adults in the same way, especially when looking for particular objects. Professor Gary Lupan and Daniel Swingley, writing for the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, carried out some experiments. They hoped to give the fact that next time you lose your keys, muttering " keys,keys,keys"can in fact help you find them. Inspired by viewing people muttering to themselves as they try to find things like peanut butter in a supermarket, the researchers conducted two experiments to see if this actually worked. In the first, participants were shown 20 pictures of various objects and were asked to find a certain one, with some seeing a text label telling them what they were looking for. These participants were then asked to search for the object again while saying the word to themselves, with results showing that saying it aloud helped people find the object more quickly. The second experiment saw participants performing a shopping task, where they were shown photographs of items commonly found on supermarket shelves. They were asked to find all examples of a particular item, so if they were asked for apples they had to find all the bags of apples, as quickly as possible. The researchers found that there was also an advantage in saying the name of the product aloud when they were searching for something familiar. The University of Pennsylvania study shows that muttering can actually help people reach the target object--in other words, muttering to oneself helps to focus the mind on something. It works more effectively than seeing a written description. Repeating the word over and over again helps even more. What is the best title of the passage?
|
[
"Effects of Muttering",
"How to Find Lost Objects",
"What to Mutter to Yourself",
"Methods of Remembering Objects"
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In the Western world in-laws usually don't get along well with each other or with a new spouse . Perhaps they have a problem in understanding that their wonderful child has now grown up and got married. Maybe they don't like the spouse their child picked. Or maybe they just don't think that anyone will ever be good enough for their own "baby". So what can the newly married people do? First of all, go for a long honeymoon. This will give you two things. First, it will give you time to get close to your new partner. Now you must stay with him or her just as you said on your wedding day. Second, it will give the in-laws time to cool down after the exciting wedding. Enjoy your honeymoon! When you return, it will be time to start dealing with the rest of the family. After you get back from your honeymoon, move to another place. Do whatever you need to do. Change your job. Start a new career, and so on. If you stay near your home or move into a house just down the street from either family, you'll get in trouble. Trust me! You also need to start making new family traditions. You don't have to make your mum's apple pie for Thanksgiving. You don't have to go to both families on Christmas Eve! Relax. You don't have to have both soon-to-be grandmothers with you when you are giving birth! Don't give in to in-law pressure. Finally, talk with other new spouses. They will encourage you and give you support for the never-ending and ongoing reality of having in-laws. Why should newly married spouses go for a honeymoon?
|
[
"To find a chance to enjoy their time alone.",
"To realize what they said on their wedding day.",
"To allow in-laws time to enjoy themselves after the wedding.",
"To begin to deal with the rest of the family."
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
New experiments discover rats showing sympathy and helping other rodents .It is a characteristic some scientists thought was reserved only for humans and higher animals. In repeated tests, rats freed another trapped rat in their cage, even when yummy chocolate served as an attraction.24 of the 30 rats opened the trap by pushing in a door.The rats could have eaten the chocolate before freeing their partners, but often didn't, choosing to help and share the goodies. "Basically they told us freeing another rat is as important as eating chocolate," said study author Peggy Mason of the University of Chicago."That's a very striking thing." In some cases, the rats first took the chocolate chips out of a container, but didn't eat them, then freed the other rat and shared "almost as if they were serving them chocolate," Mason said.The research is reported in Thursday's journal Science. Also, females showed more consistent care and help than males, Mason said.All six females freed their trapped partner while three quarters of the 24 males did so.This confirms other studies that show females showing more pro-social behavior than males.There were time when the male rats took the day off from helping their trapped partner, but the females never did, she said. Jeff Mogil at McGill University in Canada, who wasn't part of the study, said it was a little surprising but even more convincing. Both scientists said social understanding is probably a characteristic that is important in the evolution of animals. Mason joked that if rats can be so caring and helpful, "there's a sense of optimism.It's something we could be." In the experiments, _ male rats freed their trapped partners.
|
[
"6",
"18",
"24",
"30"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Compare the motion of two geese. Which goose was moving at a lower speed?
|
[
"a goose that moved 215miles in 5hours",
"a goose that moved 375miles in 5hours"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
An eighteen-year-old high school student from Utah won the top prize in the Intel Science Talent Search in the United States. The winner received a computer and a scholarship for a college education. More than 1,500students from across the country entered projects in the competition this year. Their research included chemistry, medicine, physics, mathematics, engineering, and computer science-almost every area of science. Forty students were invited to Washington, D.C. for the final judging. A group of scientists judged them on their research abilities, critical thinking skills and creativity. The judges also questioned the students about scientific problems before deciding on the winners. The top winner received 100,000 dollars for college. Shannon Babb of American Fork High School studied the water quality of tile Spanish Fork River in Utah for six years. She found that people have a harmful effect on the river through human activity, including agriculture. And she suggested ways to improve the water quality in the future. These include educating the public not to put household chemicals down the drains , which lead to the river eventually. Seventeen-year-old Yi Sun of the Hanker School in San Jose, California, earned the second place. He won a 75,000-dollar scholarship for new discoveries about a mathematical theory known as random walks. His work could help computer scientists and chemists. Yi Sun was born in China. The third-place winner was also seventeen and born in China. Yuan "Chelsea" Zhang of Montgomery Blair High School in Rockville, Maryland, won a 50,000-dollar scholarship. She researched the molecular genetics of heart disease. Her findings could aid the development of new medicines. The Intel Science Talent Search is the oldest science competition for high school students in the United States. It is 65 years old this year. Past winners have gone on to receive six Nobel prizes and other top honors in science and math. What is the text mainly about?
|
[
"Three winners' contributions to science and math.",
"Three Chinese students won the Science Talent Search.",
"Great rewards were given to winners in the competition.",
"Winners of the Intel Science Talent Search in the US."
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Based on this information, what is this plant's phenotype for the fruit sheen trait?
|
[
"glossy fruit",
"dull fruit"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Up to two-fifths of a food crop is often wasted because it is "ugly", a report on food waste has shown. Produce grown in the UK that does not meet retailer standards on appearance is often given to animals or thrown out even though it is healthy to eat. The report from the UK's global food security program also showed that the average household throws away more than 5kg of food a week, and nearly two-thirds of that waste is avoidable. The waste costs PS 480 a year per household on average, and PS 680 per family. Households throw away a fifth of the food they buy, wasting it for reasons ranging from cooking too much to not using it before it goes bad, the study showed. Consumption is the top area where food is wasted in the UK, the study said. Farmers respond to consumer demands for high-quality food with standards that can lead to the crop being wasted. Some supermarkets have started marketing "odd shapes and sizes" of fruit and vegetables, though. Also, more UK consumers are prepared to accept "ugly" fruit and vegetables, amid concerns over sustainability and food prices, the research said. In developing countries, much of the loss of food occurs during post-harvesting storage, processing and packaging. Tackling waste globally is necessary to feed a growing world population sustainably. One in eight people worldwide doesn't have enough food, the report said. Around a third of food produced globally is lost or wasted. Professor Tim Benton, an expert on food security at the University of Leeds, said: "Over 5 million people in the UK live in poverty, where basic food provision is a daily challenge." Nearly 400,000 people used food banks last year, according to the Trussell Trust. "At the same time, 15 million tons of food is wasted annually, with nearly half thrown away within UK households. Reducing the scale of losses and waste throughout the food system is a crucial step." The report highlights priorities for research to help reduce food waste, including improving harvesting and packaging technologies and seasonal weather prediction. Food waste in developing nations is mainly due to _ .
|
[
"fast growing populations",
"huge demand for high-quality foods",
"poor technology in food industries",
"people's lack of concern about food shortages"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Compare the motion of three geese. Which goose was moving at the highest speed?
|
[
"a goose that moved 905kilometers south in 10hours",
"a goose that moved 925kilometers west in 10hours",
"a goose that moved 920kilometers west in 10hours"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
A "talking kitchen" teaches students how to cook French dishes and speak French. Researchers at New Castle University have developed the French Digital Kitchen. Professors Paul Seedhouse and Patrick Olivier led the project. Professor Seedhouse says that it works like a satellite navigation system in a car. The kitchen equipment and tools use motion sensor technology similar to the Nintendo Wii game system. The sensors help a computer guide the students through instructions in French. The system can tell whether you've done what you were asked to do or not. For example, the system tells you to take some butter and cut it with a knife. There's a sensor on the package containing the butter so it can tell where the butter's being moved. The sensor in the knife not only knows that the knife is moving, but it also knows what motion the knife is making. So it can tell whether the knife is being used. And so it doesn't go on to the next stage of the program unless you've done what it tells you to do. Students can ask the computer to repeat the instructions or translate them into English. There are vocabulary lessons before and after the cooking. Professor Seedhouse became interested in the idea after he visited a talking kitchen designed for a different purpose. "It was actually for communicating with people who suffer from dementia " .And so, for example, it can speak to those people and tell them that they've left the cooker on and they should turn it off." French Digital Kitchen was developed mainly to _ .
|
[
"make cooking easier and more interesting",
"change the traditional way of cooking",
"improve people's cooking skills at French dishes",
"offers students a new way to practice French"
] | 3D
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Tommy:Hello, Tina. Tina: Hello, Tommy. Tommy: I can't find my cat . Tina, do you see it? Tina: No, I don't. Is it under the chair? Tommy: No. Tina: Is it behind(......)the door? Tommy: Let me see. My schoolbag is here. Where is my cat? Tina: Hey, Tommy. Look,it's on your bed. Tommy: Yes. Thank you,Tina. Mimi,come here. What is behind the door?
|
[
"Tina's cat",
"Tina's schoolbag",
"Tommy's cat",
"Tommy'sschoolbag"
] | 2C
|
elementary_mathematics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When men get together, they seldom talk about their feelings or inner thoughts. However, they talk about a lot, like their newest computer, how to repair their car, or even business. Talk might move to the best place to find fish or women, jump to computer games, then continue to the sport of the season. They also like to tell jokes each other and spend a fair amount of time playing one-up and boasting . Men seldom call each other to chat. When man meets woman, he usually wants to make a good impression. Many single man try hard to carry on amusing, fun, and pleasant conversations. They use conversation to discover her interests and feelings in order to learn how to be attractive to her. Some men, either out of nervousness or ignorance, spend most of the time talking about themselves, often appearing to _ their achievements or talk endlessly about their problems or work. Even the quietest man talks to his woman when love is new. When women get together, they talk about feelings and relationships, their work, and their family. They enjoy talking but also want the give and take of talk, then listen. Women often call each other to chat. Conversation is an important part of most women's lives. As relationship progress, however, many turns on the television and forgets how to talk. This raises anger and cry from his woman partner who says,"You never talk to me any more."Some man start talking. Many, however, mainly discuss their own achievements and problems. When the woman starts talking about her favorite subjects: feelings, family, relationships, friends and her work, many men lose interest or bring the conversation back to themselves, pretty soon, the man is back to starting at the television each night, wondering where his relationship has gone. The woman is talking to her friends, mom, sister or neighbor, often about that very relationship and how she is hurting. What is the same topic in both men's and women's talk?
|
[
"Family.",
"Work.",
"Friends.",
"Jokes."
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Let's look at the picture. The boy's name is John. The girl in a white blouse is his sister, Rose. The other one in a yellow blouse is his sister, Mary. John and his sisters are students in No. 11 Middle School. The two sisters are in Class Three, Grade One, but John is in Class Two, Grade Two. The man and woman are their father and mother. The man is a worker and the woman is a teacher. The old man and the old woman are John's grandfather and grandmother. The family is a big one. There are _ people in the family.
|
[
"five",
"six",
"seven",
"eight"
] | 2C
|
elementary_mathematics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When a magazine for high school students asked its readers what life would be like in twenty years, they said: Machines would be run by solar power. Buildings would rotate so they could follow the sun to take maximum advantage of its light and heat. Walls would "give light" and "change color with the push of a button." Food would be replaced by pills. School would be taught by electrical impulse while we sleep. Cars would have radar . Does this sound like the year 2000? Actually, this article was written in 1958 and the question was, "what will life be like in 1978? The future is much too important to simply guess about, the way the high school students did, so experts are regularly asked to predict accuately. By carefully studying the present, skilled businessmen, scientists, and politicians are supposedly able to figure out in advance what will happen. But can they? One expert on Cities wrote: Cities of the future would not be crowded, but would have space for farms and fields. People would travel to work in "airbuses", large all-weather helicopters carrying up to 200 passengers. When a person left the airbus station he could drive a coin-operated car equipped with radar. The radar equipment of cars would make traffic accidents "almost unheard of". Does that sound familiar? If the expert had been accurate it would, because he was writing in 1957. His subject was "The city of 1982". If the professionals sometimes sound like high school students, it's probably because future study is still a new field. But economic forecasting, or predicting what the economy will do, has been around for a long time. It should be accuate, and generally it is. But there have been some big mistakes in the field, too. In early 1929, most forecasters saw an excellent future for the stock market. In October of that year, the stock market had its worst losses ever, ruining thousands of investors who had put their faith in financial foreseers. One forecaster knew that predictions about the future would always be subject to significant error. In 1957, H.J. Rand of the Rad corporation was asked about the year 2000, "Only one thing is certain," he answered. "Children born today will have reached the age of 43." How many examples does the author offer to describe the future life?
|
[
"Three",
"Four",
"Five",
"Six"
] | 1B
|
high_school_microeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Farmer Ed Rawlings smiles as he looks at his orange trees. The young oranges are growing well in Florida's weather. Warm sunshine and gentle rains, along with Ed Rawlings' expert care, will produce a good crop of oranges this year. However, Ed has to guard against Florida's changeable winter weather. In January and February, temperatures can destroy Ed's entire orange crop. Having farmed in Florida for the past 35 years, Ed is prepared for the frost . When temperatures drop below freezing, Ed tries to save his crop by watering his orange trees. The water freezes and forms a thin layer of ice around the trees. Strange as it may sound, this thin layer of ice actually keeps the fruit warm. What happens is simple. When the trees are watered, the water loses heat and becomes ice. The warmth of the heat it loses is taken in by the fruit and keeps its temperature at a safe level. Ed has effectively used this method to save many orange crops. But Ed still faces difficulties. The trees must be watered at the exact moment the temperature drops to the freezing point. Also, just the right quantity of water must be used. Too much water can form a thicker layer of ice that will break the tree's branches . Another difficulty is that wind blows away the heat, so Ed has to worry about not only when but also how often his trees should be watered, and how much water should be used. Computer technology may help Ed with some of these worries. With equipment , air and soil temperatures and wind speed can be measured. The information is fed into a computer which can calculate when the temperature will drop below freezing. The computer can correctly decide the quantity of water to be used and how frequently( ) the trees should be watered. Ed finds looking after his orange trees a lot easier with the help of a computer, and, his customers will have the benefits of computer--age oranges. The passage is mainly about _ .
|
[
"a farmer expert cares for his orange trees",
"the different uses of computers",
"growing oranges in Florida's changeable weather",
"different ways of frost protection"
] | 0A
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Students must apply for a place before attending any class. Applications whether by post or in person, are dealt with strictly in the order they are received at the Adult Education Office. You can apply: By post----use the card supplied with the exact fee. You will be accepted on the course unless it is full, in which case we will inform you. An acknowledgement will not be made nor a receipt sent unless you supply a stamped addressed envelope. Receipts will normally be given out at the first class. In person----call at the Adult Education Office (ground floor, C block) between _ 9:00a.m.and 3:30p.m. (2:30p.m. on Fridays) , or at the College Reception Desk (at the main entrance) at the other time (in the evenings until about 7:30p.m.----not Fridays) Students should note that popular classes may be full well before the course is to start, so that early application is strongly advised to avoid disappointment. For the Autumn Tem, applications will be accepted by post (better) or in person from August 1. For the Spring Term, applications will be accepted from December 1. For the Summer Term, applications will be accepted from April 1. If the students want to apply for the Autumn Term, _
|
[
"they should check whether the course is full",
"the college would rather they appliedby post",
"applications must be received by August 1",
"they must apply in person"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is the temperature of a bowl of ice cream?
|
[
"40°C",
"40°F"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
American scientists say musical training seems to improve communication skills. They found that developing musical skills involves the same process in the brain as learning how to speak. The scientists say that could help children with learning disabilities. Nina Kraus is a neurobiologist at Northwestern University in Illinois. She says musical training involves putting together different kinds of information. She says the process involves hearing music, looking at musical notes, touching an instrument and watching other musicians. She says the process is not much different from learning how to speak. Both involve different senses. Professor Krauss says musical training and learning to speak make us think about what we are doing. She says speech and music pass through a structure of the nervous system called the brain stem . The brain stem controls our ability to hear. Until recently, experts have thought the brain stem could not be developed or changed. But Professor Krauss and her team find that musical training can improve a person's brain stem activity. The study involved people with different levels of musical ability. They were asked to wear an electrical _ that measures brain activity. The people wore the device while they watched a video of someone speaking and a person playing a musical instrument. The study found that the more years of training people had, the more sensitive they were to the sound and beat of the music. Professor Kraus says the study shows the importance of musical training to children with learning disabilities. The main idea of the passage is _ .
|
[
"learning how to speak",
"that brain stem is important for speech",
"that musical training is important for communication skills",
"that musical training people are more sensitive"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which of these will most likely increase a plant population in a habitat?
|
[
"strong winds",
"freezing temperatures",
"fewer days of sunshine",
"more days of rain showers"
] | 3D
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Bees can see wavelengths of only yellow, blue, and ultraviolet light. Many plant flowers consist of yellow, blue, and ultraviolet markings that are near the center of the flower. Which sentence describes which organisms benefit from this and explains why?
|
[
"Only plants benefit, because bees are unable to reach a food source on the plant.",
"Only bees benefit, because flowers are damaged by bees.",
"Neither bees nor plants benefit, because it does not help either to reproduce.",
"Both bees and plants benefit, because bees find food and plants are aided in reproduction."
] | 3D
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
On October 12, 1987, some Chinese scientists were working at the computers to look for information they needed. Suddenly they saw a lot of very bright spots( )crossing the computers' screens. At the same time the computers were working much slower. To find out what was happening they stopped their work to check some parts of the computers. To their horror , they found out that most of their stored information was got rid of( ) by computer viruses! Obviously all these computers had been infected( ) by computer viruses. It is said that the computer viruses were made by a group of young man fond of playing tricks. They all had excellent education. They created the viruses just to show their intelligence. These kinds of computer viruses are named Jerusalem( )Viruses. These viruses can stay in computers for a long time. When the time comes they will attack the computers by lowering the function , damaging their normal programs or even getting rid of all the information. We now come to know that Jerusalem Viruses often attack computers on Fridays and that they are spreading to a list of computers. Among the countries that suffering computer viruses are Britain, Australia, Switzerland and the U.S. But till now, how to get rid of the terrible remains a problem. According to the passage, computer viruses seem to _ .
|
[
"have been in nature for years",
"be difficult to get rid of at present",
"exist in any computers",
"be able to be got rid of in the near future"
] | 1B
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Most nights I lie in bed, ready for an escape from myself, yet a streaming video of everything I ate, how I exercised, the activities of the day won't stop playing in my mind. I pause. I breathe. I try to relax once again, but it doesn't work. When I'm not exercising -- even if I've already exercised that day -- I'm consumed with anxiety about my next workout. Will something come up and make me miss the gym? What about holidays when the gym is closed? Exercise has become a disease; it even disguises (,) itself as the cure. If I don't have _ as an escape, then what's left to hold me together? Working out feels like the only way to calm myself, but as soon as I leave the gym or finish a walk, the whole cycle starts over again. As you might have guessed by now, I suffer from depression and OCD . I'm a highly-educated adult woman who knows the risks of this behavior, and yet I can't stop. As a society, we're told over and over that it's important to exercise. That's what makes it so easy to keep this addiction a secret; it's not as obvious as lighting up a cigarette. You can continue to feed your addiction under the guise that you're just being "healthy". I not only have to fight the nonstop thoughts in my head but also the "more exercise is better" messages I receive from the media every day. For me, exercise has become a drug, which is a way to numb the pain I might feel. I wonder what it would be like to "have the problem" of not wanting to go to the gym. It still feels very far away. Yet I know I can be stronger than this. I can break the cycle I'm in. I can tell my story so as to give up a piece of the secrecy that keeps me sick. Because no, you don't want my problem. And finally, neither do I. What is special about the addition to exercise?
|
[
"It is popular among highly-educated people.",
"It is widely reported by the mass media.",
"It does little harm to health.",
"it is not easily discovered."
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Roll over, sit and fetch aren't commands normally given to a robot, but the smart toy company WowWee has developed a new way of owning a puppy. CHIP (Canine Home Intelligent Pet) is a robotic dog with blue LED eyes and pointy ears and can sit, shake, dance and make all types of dog noises. It also has tracking capabilities to help locate its owner. "The beauty about CHIP is that it has its own thing going on," said Sufer, CTO at WowWee. "It has its own life and own kind of intelligence. Even if you're not around, it's always doing something." CHIP uses wheels to get around and is loaded with sensors that give it a 360-degree view to find its ball. The pup is Bluetooth enabled, which connects to a wristband worn by its owner. The wristband, similar to a watch, displays icons for different commands such as a thumb-up, which allows you to give your pup a digital belly rub. With its owner wearing a smart wristband, it can even follow him around the room. "We worked on CHIP for about five to six months," Davin Sufer, told dailymail.com, "We typically come up with a concept, model and product and get it on shelves within a year." The company plans to start shipping units by next fall, which will allow them to load up the robotic dog with sensors and add many more animated responses per-owner interactivity. The high-tech toy company made its debut in 2004 by releasing the 1.5 foot RoboSapien, which sold millions of units. MiP, which hit shelves last year, is a seven inch tall robot covered in white with black accents. Users can direct it, change its emotions and make it dance to any song on your iPad. It's loud, fast and active. About 15 years ago, a company called ToyQuest developed the first ever electronic robotic dog---Tekno, the Robotic Puppy. The company sold over seven million units in the first season and 40 million more during its original four years of production. Tekno was built with over 160 emotions and instructions, but most importantly offered consumers a quick look into the future. From the passage, we can know _ .
|
[
"CHIP can be bought in the store now",
"WowWee introduced its first product last year",
"Tekno provided the bright future of the robotic puppy",
"MiP is the first company to develop the robotic puppy"
] | 2C
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Chloe Lang is a fifteen-year-old American girl. She loves cooking a lot. When she was a little girl, she helped her grandma make meals at home. A year ago, Chloe wrote a letter to Rachel Ray, a famous host of a TV cookery show. She asked for a ticket to be one of the audience, but she got nothing. One day in June, Chloe got a phone call from Rachel Ray luckily. One of his programmes is called Cafe One Night and it needed five teen cooks to help in a restaurant for a night. In mid-July Chloe went to meet Rachel Ray and the other teen cooks. "During our stay with Rachel Ray, we were happy and excited. We were working so hard when they made the records." Chloe says. "We made some wonderful food that night." Guess who came to eat! When Chloe and her friends saw their guests, they all held their breath, and then they screamed and clapped! In addition to some famous singer stars, the former US President Bill Clinton was also there! ,. How did Chloe Lang learn to cook?
|
[
"She learnt it by watching TV cookery shows.",
"She learnt it by helping her grandma at home.",
"She learnt it from Rachel Ray.",
"She learnt it by reading cookery books."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is a job of white blood cells?
|
[
"transport oxygen",
"remove waste",
"fight disease",
"enable reproduction"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Based on this information, what is Astro's phenotype for the horns trait?
|
[
"having horns",
"not having horns"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
With a wildlife guide, I stepped on a journey to find one of the rarest creatures in the world ----the spirit bear, a walking contradiction--a white black bear. Neither albino nor polar bear, the spirit bear is a white variant of the North American black bear, and it's found almost exclusively here in the Great Bear Rainforest. At 25,000 square miles ---- one and a half times as big as Switzerland--the region is a spooky , wild, mysterious place: there are wolves here that fish. Deer that swim. Western red cedar trees that have stood a thousand years. And a black bear that is white. Scientists know how black bears are born white. They're just not sure why. The phenomenon, known as Kermodism, is caused by a recessive mutation at the MC1R gene, the same gene associated with red hair and fair skin in humans. To be born white, a bear must inherit the mutation from both parents. The parents themselves don't have to be white. They just need to carry the recessive mutation. So it's not uncommon for white bears to be born to black parents. White fur happens in only one of every 40 to 100 black bears on the British Columbia mainland coast, but the feature is especially distinct on certain islands in the Great Bear Rainforest. For example, on Princess Royal Island, one in ten black bears is white, and on Gribbell Island, directly north of Princess Royal, it's one in three. It's unclear how the feature arose. One theory was the "glacial bear" hypothesis that the spirit bear represented a remaining adaptation from the last great ice age, which ended here 11,000 years ago. At that time most of modern-day British Columbia was still icebound, and a white coat may have offered camouflage . But the "glacial bear" theory raised a question: Why didn't the white fur feature die out when the glaciers _ ? Researchers have recently proved that the spirit bear's white coat gives it an advantage when fishing. Although white and black bears tend to have the same success rate after dark, there is a difference during the daytime. White bears catch salmon in one-third of their attempts. Black individuals are successful only one-quarter of the time. "The salmon are less concerned about a white object as seen from below the surface," a scientist guesses. That may answer part of the question about why the white-fur feature continues to flourish today. If salmon are a coastal bear's primary fat and protein source, a successful female can feast on salmon to store more fat for winter, potentially increasing the number of cubs she can produce. From the passage we know that _ .
|
[
"to be born white, a bear's parents have to be white",
"it's not natural for white bears to be born to black parents",
"to be born white, a bear must inherit the mutation from both parents",
"we know for sure that the spirit bear represented a remaining adaptation from the last great ice age"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
We all know the dangers of fires. It's good and necessary for a family to learn how to prepare for a fire. Here are some suggestions. Put a smoke alarm in the house. Smoke from a fire causes the alarm to go off. The alarm makes a loud sound. The sound tells everyone to leave the house at once. Make escape plans. We should know all the ways out of the house. If there is a fire, everyone follows the plan to get out. Part of the plan is to check all the windows to make sure they can be opened easily. Buy fire extinguishers in the house. Everyone in the family should know how to use them. Practise for a fire. We do fire practice because we teach children about fire safety. Everyone in the family should know the following fire rules: Don't open a hot door! The fire can grow more quickly if you open the door. Stay close to the floor! Smoke can be more dangerous than fire. The best air is near the floor because smoke rises. What will you do if your hair or clothes start to burn? First, stop! Don't run! The fire burns faster because of more air. Drop! Fall to the floor. Then roll! Turning over and over will make the fire go out. Put a blanket around you to keep air away from the fire that may still be on you. There are many possible causes for fires. A wise family is ready all the time. If there is a fire, don't forget to call 119 for help. ,. What are the right steps you should take when your hair or clothes catch fire?
|
[
"Stop, run, roll.",
"Stop, drop, roll.",
"Run, drop, roll.",
"Roll, drop, stop."
] | 1B
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Preschool-aged children who can focus on a particular task for an extended period of time have a 50 percent greater chance of graduating from college, according to a new study from Oregon State University. Observing 430 preschoolers, researchers asked parents to rate their children based on social and behavioral skills, such as "plays with a single toy for long periods of time" or "child gives up easily when difficulties are encountered." Additionally, in order to find out the changes happening on them, the children's reading and math skills were assessed at age 7 and again at age 21. What researchers discovered was that the ability to pay attention and follow directions may be more critical than academic abilities to overall academic success. "There is a big push now to teach children early academic skills at the preschool level," said Megan McClelland, an early child development researcher at Oregon State and lead author of the study, in a news release. "Our study shows that the biggest predictor of college completion wasn't math or reading skills, but whether or not they were able to pay attention and finish tasks at age 4." Parents whose children rated higher on attention span and persistence at the age of 4 had a nearly 50 percent greater chance of completing their college degree by age 25, according to the study. Fortunately, as McClelland noted in the news release, these social and behavioral skills can be taught, and the earlier adults step in to guide the student, the greater chances a child has to succeed academically. "Academic ability carries you a long way, but these other skills are also important," McClelland said. "Increasingly, we see that the ability to listen, pay attention, and complete important tasks is _ for success later in life." From the passage we know _ .
|
[
"preschool children can focus on things for a long time.",
"preschool children's performance can reflect their future.",
"the more preschoolers play toys, the more likely they are to succeed.",
"hard working preschoolers are more likely to be admitted into college."
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Are you carrying too much on your back to school? I'm sure lots of your age will say "Yes". Not only the students in China have this problem, but children in the United States also have heavy school bags. Doctors are starting to worry about that younger and younger students are having problems as a result of school bags being too heavy for them. "It's hard for me to go upstairs with my bag because it's so heavy," said Rich Hammond, an 11-year-old student in the US. Rich is among students who have common school bags with two straps to carry them, but many other choose rolling bags. But even with rolling bags, getting up stairs and houses is still a problem for children. Many of them have hurt backs and necks because of the heavy school bags. But how much is too much? Doctors say students should carry no more than 10% to 15% of their own body weight. Scott Bautch, a black doctor, said children under Grade 4 should stay with 10%. But it is also important that older children don't stay with over 15%, because their bodies are still growing. "Children are losing their balance and falling down with their school bags," he said. Parents and teachers are starting to tell children to only take home library books that they will be reading at night. Some teachers are using pieces of paper or thin workbooks for students to take home. One of the best answers is, as some children said, to have no homework at all. If a child carries a heavy school bag, _ .
|
[
"his back and neck will be hurt",
"his head and arms will be hurt",
"his hands will be hurt",
"his feed will be hurt"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is the volume of a bathroom sink?
|
[
"3 fluid ounces",
"3 gallons",
"3 cups"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
When is wood a nonrenewable resource?
|
[
"When more trees are harvested than are replanted.",
"When trees are harvested and replanted at the same rate.",
"When trees are used as an energy resource.",
"When trees are used as a material resource."
] | 0A
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Cancer is feared by everyone. And there is more and more fear about cancer. Not the disease itself -- there is no such thing as a high incidence rates of cancer. Except for lung cancer, mostly caused by cigarette smoking, the incidence rates are not on the rise. However, some kinds of cancer are decreasing. But the fear of cancer is catching, and the country stands at risk of an anxiety. The earth itself is coming to seem like a huge carcinogen . The ordinary, more or less, scientific statement that something between 80 and 90 percent of all cancers are due to things in the environment is taken to mean that none of us will be safe until the whole environment is "cleaned up." This is not at all the meaning. The 80-percent calculation is based on the unthinkable differences in the incidence of cancer in various societies around the world -- for example, the high incidence of liver cancer in Africa and the Far East, stomach cancer in Japan, breast cancer in Western Europe and North America, and the relatively low figures for breast cancer in Japan and parts of Africa and for liver cancer in America. These data show there may be specific environmental influences, but largely based on personal life-style, which determines the incidence of various forms of cancer in different communities -- that is all the data suggest. The overall incidence of cancer, counting up all the cases, is probable roughly the same everywhere. According to the passage, the writer seems to feel that _ .
|
[
"the risk of catching cancer is on the rise",
"the whole earth is coming to seem like a huge carcinogen",
"the risk of catching cancer isn't so great as people think",
"cancer can be cured if the environment is cleaned up"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Calculate the polarization of a proton in a magnetic field of 335 mT and 10.5 T at 298 K.
|
[
"6.345 x 10^-4 at 0.335 T; 9.871 x 10^-5 at 10.5 T",
"0.793 x 10^-4 at 0.335 T; 6.931 x 10^-7 at 10.5 T",
"1.148 x 10^-6 at 0.335 T; 3.598 x 10^-5 at 10.5 T",
"4.126 x 10^-3 at 0.335 T; 2.142 x 10^-6 at 10.5 T"
] | 3D
|
college_chemistry
|
mmlu
|
Exercise may help to safeguard the mind against depression through previously unknown effects on working muscles, according to a new study involving mice. Mental health experts have long been aware that even mild, repeated stress can contribute to the development of depression and other mood disorders in animals and people. Scientists have also known that exercise seems to cushion against depression. But precisely how exercise, a physical activity can reduce someone's risk for depression, a mood state, has been mysterious. So for the new study, researchers at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm studied the brains and behavior of mice in a complicated and novel fashion. We can't ask mice if they are feeling cheerful or in low spirits. Instead, researchers have pictured certain behaviors that indicate depression in mice. If animals lose weight, stop seeking out a sugar solution when it's available -- because, probably, they no longer experience normal pleasures -- or give up trying to escape from the cold-water zone just freeze in place, they are categorized as depressed. And in the new experiment, after five weeks of frequent but low-level stress, such as being lightly shocked, mice displayed exactly those behaviors. They became depressed. The scientists could then have tested whether exercise blunts the risk of developing depression after stress by having mice run first. But, frankly, from earlier research, they wanted to know how, so they bred pre-exercised mice. A wealth of earlier research by these scientists and others had shown that aerobic exercise, in both mice and people, increases the production within muscles of an enzyme called PGC-1alpha. The Karolinska scientists suspected that this enzyme somehow creates conditions within the body that protect the brain against depression. Then, the scientists exposed the animals, which without exercising, were in high levels of PGC-1alpha to five weeks of mild stress. The mice responded with slight symptoms of worry. But they did not develop depression. They continued to seek out sugar and fought to get out of the cold-water zone. Their high levels of PGC-1alpha appeared to make them depression-resistant . Finally, to ensure that these findings are relevant to people, the researchers had a group of adult volunteers complete three weeks of frequent endurance training, consisting of 40 to 50 minutes of moderate cycling or jogging. The scientists conducted muscle biopsies before and after the program and found that by the end of the three weeks, the volunteers' muscle cells contained substantially more PGC-1alpha than at the study's start. The finding of these results, in the simplest terms, is that "you reduce the risk of getting depression when you exercise," said Maria Lindskog, a researcher at the Karolinska Institute. We can infer from the new experiment conducted by researchers at the Karolinska Institute that mice are depressed except when _ .
|
[
"they attempt to escape from the cold-water zone",
"they stop searching for the sugar water",
"they stand still in place",
"they can't experience normal pleasures any longer"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Complete the statement.
Propane is ().
|
[
"an elementary substance",
"a compound"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners. One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. The runners were observed on a treadmill machine . Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran barefoot . Researchers from the JKM Technologies company in Virginia, the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study. They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels. The study appeared in the official scientific journal of The American Academy of Physical Medicine. The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runners in the United States and Kenya. The researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland. They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running. Runners who wear shoes usually come down heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel. Harvard's Daniel Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels. The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings. But the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. They say it takes some training. And there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured. The study was partly supported by Vibram, which makes a kind of footwear that it says is like running barefoot. The findings have gotten a lot of attention. But the researchers say there are many problems in the way the press has reported in their paper. So they have tried to explain their findings on a Harvard Website. Which part of our body could be injured if we run in running shoes?
|
[
"Toes.",
"Hips.",
"Feet.",
"Legs."
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Compare the motion of three geese. Which goose was moving at the highest speed?
|
[
"a goose that moved 700kilometers south in 10hours",
"a goose that moved 695kilometers east in 10hours",
"a goose that moved 850kilometers south in 10hours"
] | 2C
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
There's sweetness in the lies parents tell their kids, which is a very good thing, since they tell a lot of them. The lies -- nearly all of them harmless -- may differ depending on the family. But from culture to culture, there's one tall tale nearly all parents tell, and they tell it repeatedly: "We do not have a favorite child." Mom and Dad will say it seriously. They'll repeat it endlessly, and in many cases, they'll be lying through their teeth. It's one of the worst kept secrets of family life that all parents have a preferred son or daughter, and the rules for acknowledging it are the same everywhere: The favored kids recognize their status and keep quiet about it -- the better to preserve the good thing they've got going and to keep their siblings off their back. The unfavored kids howl about it like wounded cats. And on pain of death, the parents deny it all. The stonewalling is understandable. Most parents want to spare unfavored kids the hurt that the truth could cause. Moreover, the court of public opinion can respond pitilessly -- even furiously -- to moms or dads who speak the forbidden truth. Last March, a mother of two wrote a post on the website Babble.com under the headline I THINK I LOVE MY SON JUST A LITTLE BIT MORE. The mom went on at length describing the greater warmth she feels for her baby boy compared with her baby girl and even included a photo of herself and her unfavored daughter. She was, predictably, severely criticized. "Please work on your issues lady!" said one typical response. "I feel ly horrible for your daughter!" read another. But then there was this: "I completely understand. I too feel this way." The hard truth is, most parents do. In one research, Catherine Conger, a professor at the University of California at Davis, studied a group of 384 sibling pairs and their parents and visited them three times over three years. She questioned them about their relationships and videotaped them as they worked through conflicts. Overall, she concluded that 65% of mothers and 70% of fathers exhibited a preference for one child, usually the older one. And the real numbers can be much bigger, since parents try especially hard to hide their preferences when a researcher is watching. If the scientists don't see through the trick, however, kids usually do -- and act accordingly. From the moments they're born, brothers and sisters constantly compete for the precious resource of parental attention, each fighting to establish an identity that will best catch Mom's or Dad's eye. I'm the smartest one! I'm the funny one! It's hard to predict the _ from favoritism. Being the favorite may improve self-esteem and confidence. But studies show it can also leave kids with a sense of arrogance and privilege. Unfavored children may grow up wondering if they're somehow unworthy of the love the parents gave generously to the golden child. But they may do better at forming relationships outside the family as a result of that. And there's no telling how the differential treatment will play out among the kids. "My mom didn't like my older sister and did like me," says Roseann Henry, an editor and the married mother of two girls. "Everyone assumed I had it great, except that my sister tortured me pretty much all the time -- and really, what affects daily life more for a kid, the approval of a parent or the day-to-day torture of an older sister?" Why didn't the data from Catherine Conger's study completely reflect the reality?
|
[
"Her study didn't last long enough.",
"She studied a very small group of families.",
"The parents tried not to show their preferences.",
"The sibling pairs didn't cooperate well."
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which of these has the greatest capacity for storing thermal energy from the Sun?
|
[
"air",
"land",
"oceans",
"plants"
] | 2C
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Organisms that consume wastes to obtain the nutrients they need to survive are classified as
|
[
"decomposers",
"herbivores",
"predators",
"producers"
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Researchers are placing robotic dogs in the homes of lonely old people to determine whether they can improve the quality of life for humans. Alan Beck, an expert in human-animal relationship, and Nancy Edwards, a professor of nursing, are leading the animal-assisted study concerning the influence of robotic dogs on old people's depression, physical activity, and life satisfaction. "No one will argue that an older person is better off being more active, challenged, or stimulated ," Edwards points out. "The problem is how we promote that, especially for those without friends or help. A robotic dog could be a solution." In the study, the robot, called AIBO, is placed for six weeks in the houses of some old people who live alone. Before placing AIBO in the home, researchers will collect baseline data for six weeks. These old people will keep a diary to note their feelings and activities before and after AIBO. Then, the researchers will review the data to determine if it has inspired any changes in the life of its owner. "I talk to him all the time, and he responds to my voice," says a seventy-year-old lady. "When I'm watching TV, he'll stay in my arms until he wants down. He has a mind of his own." The AIBOs respond to certain orders. The researchers say they have some advantages over live dogs, especially for old people. Often the elderly are disabled and cannot care for an animal by walking it or playing with it. A robotic dog removes exercise and feeding concerns. "At the beginning, it was believed that no one would relate to the robotic dog because it was metal and not furry," Beck says. "But it's amazing how quickly we have given up that belief." "Hopefully, down the road, these robotic pets could become a more valuable health helper. They will record their masters' blood pressure, oxygen levels, or heart rhythms. AIBOs may even one day have games that can help stimulate older people's minds." The purpose of Beck and Edwards' study is to _ .
|
[
"understand human-animal relationship",
"find the causes of old people's loneliness",
"make lonely old people's life better",
"promote the animal-assisted research"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Like many other small boys, I was fascinated by cars, not least because my oldest brother was a bit of a car guy and subscribed to cool magazines like Car and Driver and Motor Trend. Every so often, one of those magazines would run an article on the "Car of the Future". They featured unconventional styling and things like small nuclear reactors as power sources. Yet, frankly, my car doesn't do anything that my brother's Studebaker didn't do. It goes, it stops, it burns gasoline, it plays music. I still have to steer it, and it still runs into things if I don't steer it carefully. But guess what? All of these things are subject to change in the not-so-distant future. It will still go and stop, but it may not burn gasoline, I may not have to steer it, and it may be a lot better at not running into things. Airbags aren't the be-all and end-all in safety. In fact, considering the recent news about people occasionally being killed by their airbags in low-speed collisions ,they obviously still need some development. But they aren't going away, and in fact, you can expect to see cars appearing with additional, side-impact airbags, something some European car manufacturers already offer. Better than systems to minimize injury in the event of an accident, however, are systems that minimize the likelihood of an accident happening in the first place. Future cars may be able to eliminate many of the major causes of accidents, including drunk-driving, tailgating and sleepiness. Cars could be equipped with sensors that can detect alcohol in a driver's system and prevent the car from being started, for example. Many accidents are caused by people following the car in front too closely. As early as next year, you'll be able to buy cars with radar-equipped control systems. If the radar determines you're closing too quickly with the car in front, it will ease up on the throttle . For city streets, expect other radar devices that will give advance warning that the car in front of you has slowed abruptly and you should step on the brakes-or that may even brake for you. Will cars eventually be able to drive themselves? There's no reason to think it won't be technically possible, and Mercedes is working on a system that can brake, accelerate and steer a vehicle down a highway on its own. Nobody really expects people to give up all control to their cars, but such systems could be used as failsafe systems to keep cars on the road and bring them safely to a stop even if the driver suddenly became disabled. By saying "my car doesn't do anything that my brother's Studebaker didn't do", the author means that _ .
|
[
"my car is far better than my brother's",
"my car is not as good as my brother's",
"not much has changed in the performance of cars so far",
"much improvement has been made in the design of cars recently"
] | 2C
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How long is a rowboat?
|
[
"4 centimeters",
"4 kilometers",
"4 millimeters",
"4 meters"
] | 3D
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
A new study has found no evidence that sunscreen, commonly used to reduce the risk of skin cancer, actually increases the risk. Researchers from the University of Iowa based their findings on a review of 18 earlier studies that looked at the association between sunscreen use and melanoma . They said that they found _ in studies that had reported associations between sunscreen use and higher risk of melanoma. Most health experts believe that by protecting the skin from the harmful effects of the sun, sunscreen helps prevent skin cancer, which is increasing in incidence faster than any other cancer in the United States. But questions have been raised about sunscreen and whether it may have the opposite effect, perhaps by allowing people to remain exposed to the sun longer without burning. The researchers said that among the problems with some earlier studies is that they often failed to take into account that those people most at risk for skin cancer--people with fair skin and freckles , for example--are more likely to use sunscreen. As a result, it may appear that sunscreen users get cancer more often. The studies, which generally relied on volunteers to recall their sunscreen use, were also unable to prove how well the products had been applied, said the new study. We can learn from the passage that _ .
|
[
"sunscreen users get skin cancer more often",
"the volunteers have proved the effect of sunscreen",
"the new study was based on the experiences of volunteers",
"the number of skin cancer patients is increasing in America"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which weather instrument measures air pressure?
|
[
"thermometer",
"anemometer",
"rain gauge",
"barometer"
] | 3D
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Kelsey's uncle Jack gave him and his brother, Davy, some chalk to play with. Kelsey was a pretty good artist. His family said that all of his drawings looked real. His brother was sad that he was not as good at art and drawing as Kelsey. Davy teased Kelsey to take his mind off the fact that he was not as good at art. He called Kelsey names and pretended to be a monster to scare Kelsey when he wasn't paying attention. When their mother gave them some chocolate as a treat, Davy took all of it and wouldn't let Kelsey have any. Uncle Jack finally saw that Davy was hurting his brother, so he sat down to talk to him. After lots of questioning, Davy told his uncle the truth. "Instead of teasing your brother," Uncle Jack said, "why don't you ask him to teach you how to draw some things? He's used to his big brother knowing everything. I think he would like to teach you some things." Davy looked at the ground and finally said, "Okay." Kelsey was pleased that his brother asked him to teach him. After that, both boys got along much better. Why was Kelsey happy that Davy asked him to teach him how to draw?
|
[
"He could finally tease his brother back about his bad drawings.",
"He could finally get some chocolate when their mother gave them some.",
"He could finally teach his older brother something.",
"He could finally beat his brother at jacks."
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
"It hurts me more than you", and "This is for your own good" --these are the statements my mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin, clean my room, stay home and do homework. That was before we entered the permissive period in education in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in school. The schools and the educators made it easy for us. They taught that it was all right to be parents who take a let-alone policy. We stopped making our children do homework. We gave them calculators, turned on the television, left the teaching to the teachers and went on vacation. Now teachers, faced with children who have been developing at their own pace for the past 15 years, are realizing we've made a terrible mistake. One such teacher is Sharon Clomps who says of her students--"so passive" --and wonders what has happened. Nothing is demanded of them, she believes. Television, says Clomps, contributes to children's passivity. "We're talking about a generation of kids who' vet never been hurt or hungry. They have learned somebody will always do it for them, instead of saying 'go and look it up', you tell them the answer. It takes greater energy to say no to a kid." Yes, it does. It takes energy and it takes work. It's time for parents to end their vacation and come back to work. It' s time to take the car away, to turn the TV off, to tell them it hurts you more than them but it' s for their own good. It's s time to start telling them no again. We learn from the passage that the author's mother used to lay emphasis on _ .
|
[
"learning Latin",
"discipline",
"natural development",
"education at school"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Alan is using cabbage juice to determine the relative pH of various household solutions. Which of these steps communicates the results of his investigation?
|
[
"Conduct multiple trials",
"Write down a procedure",
"Identify the materials to be tested",
"Record observations and data in a journal"
] | 3D
|
college_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Hello, Listeners. Welcome to Henton Hospital Radio. Before our music programme at four, I'm going to repeat some of our hospital rules. The hospital can sleep 800 patients. There're 8 beds in each ward . The visiting hours are in the afternoon from 2:30 to 3:30 and in the evening from 7:00 to 8:00. But remember only two people can see you at the same time. Sorry about that, but you can see what would happen if we didn't have these rules. The other rules are about our hours. We start quite early---you might not be used to that. We wake you at 6 o'clock, and breakfast is at 8 o'clock, lunch is at noon. There's tea at 3:30 and supper is at 6 o'clock. You can see the non-smoking sign---we don't allow smoking in the wards. I'm sure you understand why. However, if you do need to smoke, there are some smoking rooms where it is allowed. You will find the radio switch on the wall near your bed, with your own headphones, if you want to listen. It's our own hospital radio wishing you a quick recovery. Who do you think the listeners might be?
|
[
"Patients.",
"Visitors.",
"Doctors",
"Nurses"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Some fields house incredible creatures such as
|
[
"large rabbits",
"lions",
"wolves",
"mackerel"
] | 0A
|
high_school_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
To the untrained eye it might seem like just a bit of a monkey trick. But when Milly the mandrill (, ) covers her face with her hand she is actually sending a serious message to her fellows: "Leave me alone!" Experts believe the 15-year-old mandrill invented the gesture to warn other monkeys at Colchester Zoo to give her some space. And, surprisingly, the signal has been picked by other members of the group, who use it when they too require _ . Biologist Mark Laidre believes the behavior is evidence of social culture among the mandrills. Importantly, the sign language is unlikely to have been influenced by human activities because mandrills do not copy humans. Mr. Laidre expects further research will uncover other monkeys using cultural gestures -- the ability to communicate with the hands in a meaningful way. "By covering their eyes with their hands, possibly conveyed to others that they wanted to be left alone and this message may have been respected as a 'do not disturb' sign," said Mr. Laidre. While the hand is in place, other monkeys are not likely to approach or touch the monkey. Those who rank lower in the social order also use the technique to avoid attacks from more powerful group members. As the discovery appears to be unique to Colchester Zoo, it suggests it is a local phenomenon that arose naturally in the community of 25 mandrills. Curator Sarah Forsyth said: "We believe Milly made up the signal and over the past five years some of the younger mandrills have picked it up. We're not sure why she started doing it but it could be as simple as 'I can't see them, so they can't see me'. It really does show you how intelligent mandrills are." What's the text mainly about?
|
[
"How humans influenced monkeys.",
"A monkey invented a gesture.",
"A new social culture was discovered.",
"How experts made the new discovery."
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the vertebrate.
|
[
"saturn butterfly",
"metallic tarantula",
"sunfish",
"weaver ant"
] | 2C
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Data on British buying habits in 2015 reveals a move away from products such as sausages and bacon in favour of fish and poultry . The move may be because high-end consumers are noticing growing warnings about their impact on health. That was reinforced by an assessment by the World Health Organization in October that placed cured and processed meats in the same category as asbestos, alcohol, arsenic and tobacco as major causes of cancer. Sales of sausages and bacon were down 14.4% last year compared with 2014 and sales of red meat fell by 8.1%. In contrast, sales of poultry and fish rose by 13.1% and 25.1% respectively. The sustained interest in organic food is driven by an increase in young and socially conscious"millennials"(born from the early 1980s to the early 2000s) with strong social, ethical and environmental values. They are prepared to pay extra for healthier options and shifting shopping patterns away from"the big weekly shop"in favour of"a few and often". At Tesco sales of organic fruit and vegetables have risen by more than 18% over the last year -- double the market average. Tesco fruit commercial manager Gareth Wilcock said,"The revival of organic foods has been gathering pace over the last few years, with lower prices and better availability both playing a major part in that." George Scott, food and grocery analyst with Verdict Retail, said,"Organic food is no longer niche and I think this upward sales trend is here to stay. It is very significant that we have acute consumers who are prepared to trade up to the foods where they want the best quality and assurances of provenance." What does the World Health Organization think of processed meats?
|
[
"High-end consumers prefer them.",
"They have little effect on heart diseases.",
"They're a kind of organic food.",
"They're likely to cause cancer."
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
My tears run down from my cheeks when I talk to my parents on the phone. What are they doing when I call them? Dad works from seven o'clock in the morning to nine o'clock in the evening. My mum does all the housework, she also has to work in the field. But I can't do anything for them. Every day she gets up at around 4 o'clock in the morning. When I sometimes call her at 7:30 in the evening, she tells me that she is still in the field and doesn't have supper. I tell her I'll study hard in the school. I also ask her to take care of herself and dad because I can't live without them. Mum says that the happiest time for dad and her is when my sister and I come back home. We play cards in the room, watch TV, or do anything we like, with dad and mum making delicious food in the kitchen. It is also the happiest time for me. Love, sometimes, doesn't need many words. Love your parents like they love you. Give them a call, tell them you miss them. Why can't the writer live without their parents?
|
[
"Because her parents give her money.",
"Because her parents need her to take care of them.",
"Because she loves her parents and they love her very much.",
"Because they afford her education ."
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A doctor was once teaching a class of medical students at a famous hospital in Edinburgh. An injured man was brought in, and the doctor turned to one of his students and asked him, "What's wrong with this man?" "I don't know, sir," the student answered. "Shall I examine him and find out?""There's no need to examine him," said the doctor. "You should know without asking questions. He has hurt his right knee. Didn't you notice the way he walked? He hurt it by burning it in the fire. You see his trouser leg is burnt away at the knee. This is Monday morning. Yesterday was fine, but on Saturday the roads were wet and muddy. The man's trousers are muddy all over. The man fell down on Saturday night." The doctor then turned to the man and said, "You had your pay on Saturday and went to a public house and drank too much. You got muddy and wet on the way home. Because you had drunk too much, you fell on the fire and burnt your knee. Is it right? " "Yes, sir," said the man. The man hurt his knee _ .
|
[
"on Monday",
"on Sunday night",
"on Saturday night",
"on Tuesday"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Compare the motion of two speed walkers. Which speed walker was moving at a lower speed?
|
[
"a speed walker who moved 40kilometers in 5hours",
"a speed walker who moved 45kilometers in 5hours"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Which of the following characteristics of an individual wolf is most affected by its environment?
|
[
"the size of its feet",
"the color of its eyes",
"the shape of its ears",
"the condition of its fur"
] | 3D
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Animals need to get ready for the changing seasons in various ways. One way bears get ready for the Winter is by having their
|
[
"ears fall off",
"fur get thinner",
"fur get thicker",
"nose get blue"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Based on this information, what is this pea plant's genotype for the pea shape gene?
|
[
"round peas",
"EE"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
What do these two changes have in common?
ice melting in a cup
pouring milk on oatmeal
|
[
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by heating."
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Which of these tools would be best to use when observing insects in a field?
|
[
"compass",
"hand lens",
"microscope",
"thermometer"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
There are three people in Yang Yang's family. They like different kinds of food. Yang Yang likes rice a lot. But she doesn't like chicken at all. Her father is from Shanxi. He doesn't like rice at all. He likes chicken and bread very much. Her mother is from Dalian. She doesn't like rice or bread at all. But she likes fish and vegetables a lot. They love each other and help each other. There are _ people in Yang Yang's family.
|
[
"one",
"two",
"three",
"four"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
According to the latest research in the United States,men and women talk such different languages that it is like people from two different cultures trying to communicate.Professor Deborah Tannen of Georgetown University has noticed the difference in the style of boys' and girls' conversations from an early age.She says that little girls' conversation is less definite than boys' and expresses more doubts.Little boys use conversations to establish status with their listeners. These differences continue into adult life,she says.In public conversations,men talk most and interrupt other speakers more.In private conversations,men and women speak in equal amounts--although they say things in a different style.Professor Tannen believes that,for women,private talking is a way to establish and test intimacy(,).For men,private talking is a way to explore the power structure of a relationship. Teaching is one job where the differences between men's and women's ways of talking show.When a man teaches a woman,says Professor Tannen,he wants to show that he has more knowledge,and hence(,)more power in conversation.When a woman teaches another woman,however,she is more likely to take a sharing approach and to encourage her student to join in. But Professor Tannen does not believe that women are naturally more helpful.She says women feel they achieve power by being able to help others.Although the research suggests men talk and interrupt people more than women,Professor Tannen says,women actually encourage this to happen because they believe it will lead to more intimacy and help to establish a relationship. Some scientists who are studying speech think that the brain is pre-programmed for language.As we are usually taught to speak by women,it seems that the brain must have a sexual bias in its programming,otherwise male speech patterns would not arise at all. The theme of this article is .
|
[
"women are naturally more helpful",
"men and women talk different languages",
"men talk most and interrupt other speakers more",
"little girls' conversation is less definite"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A plant photosynthesizing will do a more efficient job it it has
|
[
"thirty leaves",
"ten leaves",
"six leaves",
"one leaf"
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Clams, oysters, and mussels eat plankton filtered from water. How would clams, oysters, and mussels most likely be affected if the amount of plankton in a large body of water was significantly reduced?
|
[
"They would increase in number.",
"They would find a new food source.",
"They would become prey to other animals.",
"They would compete for a limited food source."
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Carbon cycles through several Earth subsystems. Which sequence most directly leads to the cycling of carbon that can result in the formation of petroleum?
|
[
"biosphere to lithosphere",
"atmosphere to lithosphere",
"hydrosphere to atmosphere",
"biosphere to atmosphere"
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In the frozen continent of Antarctica scientists fear an alien invasion -- not from outer space, but carried in people's pockets and bags. Seeds and plants accidentally brought to Antarctica by tourists and scientists may introduce alien plant species which could threaten the survival of native plants in the finely balanced ecosystem. "The people that were carrying the most had lots and lots of seeds. They really were real threats," said Dana Bergstrom, from the Australian Antarctic Division. "When we take things in through hitchhiking then we get species which are competitive. The plants and animals there are not necessarily competitive, so we'd start losing various precious biodiversity on the (Antarctic) continent", Bergstrom told Reuters. Amongst the alien species discovered were the Iceland Poppy, and Annual Winter Grass -- all from cold climates and capable of growing in Antarctica. The Antarctic Peninsula, where most tourists travel, is now considered a "hot spot" on the frozen continent and the warmer the climate, the easier for seeds to grow. "The peninsula is warming at some of the greatest rates on the planet," said Bergstrom. The study, the first continent-wide assessment of invasive species in Antarctica, surveyed about 1,000 passengers during 2007-2008, the first year of the International Polar Year, an international effort to research the polar areas. Bergstrom said the one alien seed that had gained a foothold is Annual Winter Grass. It is a strong weed in the sub-Antarctic and is on the Antarctic island of King George. It has also made its way to the tail part of the Antarctic continent. What can we learn from the passage?
|
[
"The International Polar Year started in 2007.",
"Visitors to Antarctica are mainly scientists.",
"Visitors to Antarctica bring seeds on purpose.",
"Tall Fescue Velvet grass grows well in warm places."
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
According to body language expert Robert Phipps,the way people sleep at night actually determines a lot about the type of personality they have.Phipps has identified four sleeping positions that affect personality. Phipps found that worriers,those who stress the most,tend to sleep in the fetal position.He found that this is the most common bedtime position,with nearly 58 percent of people sleeping on their side with knees up and head down.The more we curl up ,the more comfort we are seeking,according to Phipps. The second most common position is the log.Sleeping with a straight body,with arms at each side,as if they are standing guard at Buckingham Palace,indicates stubbornness,and these people(the 28 percent who sleep this way)often wake up stiffer than when they went to sleep. "The longer you sleep like this,the more _ your thinking is and you can become inflexible,which means you make things harder for yourself,"according to Phipps. Yearner sleepers are next on the list.About 25 percent of people sleep in this style--on their side with arms stretched out in front,looking as if they are either chasing a dream or perhaps being chased themselves.Yearners are typically their own worst critics,always expecting the best results,explained Phipps.These people often wake up refreshed and eager to face the challenges of the day ahead. Perhaps the most peculiar of sleep styles is the freefaller position.This sleep style makes up 17 percent of the population.They sleep face down with arms stretched out.These people,according to Phipps,feel like they have little control over their life.Not only is this the strangest of sleep styles,but also the least comfortable,and people may wake up feeling tired and have no energy. In conclusion,Phipps has only one more thing to add:"A good night's sleep sets you up for the following day and our sleeping positions can determine how we feel when we wake." Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
|
[
"A Good Night's Sleep Sets You Up for the Following Day",
"Your Personality Depends a Lot on How You Sleep at Night",
"How You Sleep at Night Affects What You Do the Next Day",
"Which Sleeping Position Helps You Sleep Comfortably"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Today's world is very unsafe for children. We all listen to news of child abduction everyday on TV and feel concerned about the safety of our children. So, it is necessary for parents to know about the methods of protecting children from illegal elements and criminals. GPS tracking system comes in handy for such a purpose and gives a sigh of relief to the worried parents. With the help of GPS child tracking device you can locate your child easily at any time. GPS child tracking system is also very helpful for watching the activities of teenagers.This age is called the most risky age, as in this age it is very easy to attract child towards effortless shortcut ways of achieving success. money etc. Bad-intentioned people try to misuse the innocence of children. With the GPS child tracking system, you can keep a watch on your child and prevent him from falling in bad company. A less than 2 inches square device, it is very easy to operate and doesn't need much technical expertise . You can put it in the backpack of your child. With this device, you can keep a watch on your child 24 hours via your personal computer. If you witness some threat or if the child feels some danger in any situation, he can press the SOS button. The device is easily rechargeable and battery runs 18~24 hours after each recharge. Why are teenagers at the most risky age?
|
[
"They are not fully aware of the danger.",
"They don't know how to protect themselves.",
"They want to get immediate success or quick money.",
"They don't know how to succeed or get money."
] | 2C
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Many people like traveling (going to other places). Modern traffic is fast, so going to different places becomes very easy. If you want to travel, you must be healthy. But do you know how to keep healthy when you are traveling? The following information is important for you. Before leaving: Wear comfortable shoes, a hat and sunglasses. Do some exercise for weeks or months before you leave. While traveling: Be sure not to eat dirty food or bad fruit. Drink clean or bottled water. Find time to take a good rest. The writer tells us how to _ when you travel.
|
[
"walk fast",
"eat too much",
"wear shoes",
"keep healthy"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Boys and girls,as we all know,most people,especially young people ,tend to care about their hair much because hair plays a very important role in our appearance.But can you imagine what other uses hair has?Do you have any idea that human hair may become a new solar energy soutce?Before we begin with the new content of our Physics ,let me tell you a new invention first. It's reported that a Nepali teenager has designed a $32 solar panel using human hair. Milan Karki,who is 18 years old and lives in a village in rural Nepal,used human hair to replace silicon ,which is a common but expensive componet of solar panels. By using hair as a replacement,Karki says that solar panels can be produced for around $32,a price that could be halved if they were mass-produced. The solar panel works,because melanin ,which gives hair its colour,is light sensitive and can act as an elecrtical conductor.Kaiki was inspired to think of the idea by a Stephen Hawking book ,which explained how to create elecrtic energy from hair. The device that Karki has invented is capable of producing 9V or 18V of energy--plenty to charge a mobile phone. "Half a kilo of hair can be bought for only 16p in Nepal and lasts a few months;whereas a pack of batteries would cost50p and lasts few nights,"according to The Daily Mail. The solar panel is claimed to be easy to service as the hair is easy to replace. Karki has now seng out several devices to other disrticts near his home for tetimg .He said,"First I wanted to provide elecricity for my home,then my village .Now I am thinking for the whole worle." So next time when you have a haircut,do remember to keep your hair cut down to use for energy.Perhaps you can also provide elecrticity for your home,even your village using your own hair. Which of the following is true about Milan Karki?
|
[
"He is good at his study.",
"He hasn't been to a big city.",
"He is a man good at thinking.",
"He has earned much money from his invention."
] | 2C
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
World Health Day is celebrated on 7 April to mark the anniversary of the founding of WHO in 1948. Each year a theme is selected for World Health Day that highlights a priority area of public health concern in the world. The theme for 2013 is high blood pressure. High blood pressure increases the risk of heart attacks, strokes . If left uncontrolled, high blood pressure can also cause blindness, irregularities of the heartbeat and heart failure. The risk of developing these complications is higher in the presence of other risk factors such as diabetes . One in three adults worldwide has high blood pressure and this increases with age, from 1 in 10 people in their 20s and 30s to 5 in 10 people in their 50s. High blood pressure is most common in some low-income countries in Africa, with over 40% of adults in many African countries thought to be affected. However, high blood pressure is both preventable and treatable. In some developed countries, prevention and treatment of it has brought about a reduction in deaths from heart disease. The risk of developing high blood pressure can be reduced by: reducing salt intake; eating a balanced diet; avoiding harmful use of alcohol; taking regular physical activity; keeping a healthy body weight; and avoiding tobacco use. The final and most important goal of World Health Day 2013 is to reduce heart attacks and strokes, which includes as follows: 1.to raise awareness of the causes and consequences of high blood pressure; 2.to provide information on how to prevent high blood pressure 3.to encourage adults to check their blood pressure and to follow the advice of health-care professionals. High blood pressure can cause medical problems like _ .
|
[
"heart diseases, strokes and blindness",
"strokes, heart failure and diabetes",
"heart attacks, blindness and diabetes",
"heart troubles,strokes and cancers"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Lots of kids go through times when they'd like to change their hair. Often, it's girls who are most concerned , but boys may be interested in how their hair looks, too. Sometimes hair will change as you get older----all by itself----when you go through puberty . Maybe it used to be lighter and now it's darker. Or maybe it's oilier than it used to be, and now you need to wash it more. It's also normal, as you're getting older, to notice your appearance more often. You might suddenly decide you want a hairstyle like other kids at school have. But some styles and looks require chemical treatments and long hours in the chair at the hair salon. Some people dye their hair a different color, get a bunch of braids ,or make their hair straight when it's curly . Are these treatments OK for kids? That's something you should discuss with your parents. At any age, any chemical or heat applied to the hair can damage the hair or cause it to break off. Any styling that pulls hard on the hair can also hurt the scalp or cause hair loss. Styling tools, such as curling irons and straightening irons, get very hot and can cause burns. And chemicals used to color, curl, or straighten hair can be very harmful if they get into your eyes or onto your skin. Which of the following is NOT the cause of changes of one's hair mentioned in the passage?
|
[
"Change the hair style to act in a play.",
"It changes naturally with the age.",
"You want to make yourself look beautiful or cool.",
"A boy's hair may become darker and darker when he gets older."
] | 0A
|
human_aging
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Hello! The University of Hawaii is located just outside of downtown Honolulu in green Manoa valley. We invite you to visit and want to let you know about our learning programs, the richness of our culture, the beauty of our environment, the spirit of our students and teachers, advanced equipment and modern buildings. We look forward to seeing you come. The following information is given so that your visit will be as easy as possible. You should get in touch with us ahead of time. You may directly contact the office of the College to schedule appointment service at 1-877-447-3233. To arrange a campus tour please hand in a request through our Online Campus Visit Request Form. Tours are on weekdays: Monday, Wednesday, and Friday 9:00a.m. -- 9:30a.m.: Meet with a University Representative 9:30a.m. -- 11:30a.m.: General Campus Tour with a UHM (The University of Hawaii at Manoa) student Tuesday & Thursday 1:00p.m. -- 1:30p.m.: Meet with a University Representative 1:30p.m. -- 3:30p.m.: General Campus Tour with a UHM student You also can get in touch with us by: Phone Number: 1 (877) 447-3233, or 1 (808) 956-6524 E-mail: [email protected] How do you get to UHM? It is in Honolulu less than 3 miles away from Waikiki and about 9 miles from Honolulu International Airport. By car: From Waikiki and from Honolulu International Airport Taxi: Taxi fare to UHM is about $25.00, except baggage charges and a tip of 10 to 15 percent. Public bus: Luggage is allowed on city buses. Bus stops are on the second floor of the airport. A one-way fare is $2.00 (in exact change). You will meet with a University Representative if you go there _ .
|
[
"at 9:00 in the morning on Mondays",
"at 10:00 in the morning on Tuesdays",
"at 2:00 in the afternoon on Wednesday",
"at 3:00 in the afternoon on Thursday"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
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